query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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All of the following are true about pachydermia laryngitis except | PACHYDERMIA LARYNGIS It is a form of chronic hyperophic laryngitis affecting posterior pa of larynx in the region of interarytenoid and posterior pa of the vocal cords. Clinically, patient presents with hoarseness or husky voice and irritation in the throat. Indirect laryngoscopy reveals heaping up of red or grey granu... | 4,900 | medmcqa_train |
The most common sequelae of tuberculous spondylitis in an adolescent is: | (b)- The usual outcome of healed tuberculosis in spine is the bony ankylosis and in peripheral joints like Hip and Knee Fibrous ankylosis is seen. | 4,901 | medmcqa_train |
Biguanides acts by following except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., | insulin release from pancreash Biguanides acts by : o Suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucose output from liver major action. o Enhance insulin mediated glucose disposal in muscle and fat (Increased peripheral utilization of glucose) by enhancing GLUT-I transpo from intracellular site to plasma... | 4,902 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presented with renal cell carcinoma invading IVC and renal vein. False statement is: | Patients with renal vein or IVC involvement by tumour but without evidence of metastatic disease remain surgical candidates. Occasionally, nephrectomy and removal of IVC tumour thrombus need to be done. Bench surgery and autotransplantation is performed for larger tumours in a solitary kidney. Chest X-ray should be don... | 4,903 | medmcqa_train |
Preventable cuses of mental retardation are - | Ans. is `c' i.e., Cretinism Cretinism is due to deficiency of Iodine, which can be preventable. | 4,904 | medmcqa_train |
A population of 100000 is under surveillance during an year. 100 cases were positive for malarial thick smear. What is the annual parasite index - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1 per 1000 * Annual Parasite Incidence = (confirmed cases during one year/population under surveillancee) x 1000* Population under surveillance = 100000* Confirmed cases =100API =100------100,000x 1000 = 1* So, API is 1 per 1000 population. | 4,905 | medmcqa_train |
Diatoms are - | Diatoms are unicellular algae. | 4,906 | medmcqa_train |
Hydramnios is complicated by all except: March 2005 | Ans. C: Post Dated Pregnancy Complications during pregnancy: Pre-eclampsia (25%) Malpresentations Premature rupture of membranes Preterm labour Accidental hemorrhage Complications during labour: Early rupture of membranes Cord prolapsed Uterine ineia Retained placenta, postpaum hemorrhage | 4,907 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest site of bone involvement in hematogenous osteomyelitis is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Metaphysis Pathophysiology of acute osteomyelitis Organism reach the bone through blood stream from a septic focus elsewhere in the body. Metaphysis of long bone is the earliest and most common site involved because : - i) Metaphysis is highly vascular ii) Commonest site is metaphysis. This is because... | 4,908 | medmcqa_train |
A gastric biopsy is taken from a 42 year old man. As the pathologist inspects the specimen, he observes numerous, normal cuboidal-to-columnar cells with apical membrane-bound secretion granules in the gastric glands. From which area of the stomach was the biopsy most likely taken? | The pathologist saw normal chief cells, which are abundant in the body and fundus of the stomach. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is stored in apical membrane- bound granules. The body and fundus of the stomach contain high concentrations of four other types of cells in the epithelium. The parietal (oxyntic) cell... | 4,909 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about pleomorphic adenoma except:- | Risk of malignant transformation is low (3-5%) in pleomorphic adenoma. Malignant mixed tumors include cancers originating from pleomorphic adenomas, termed carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, and de novo malignant mixed tumors. The risk for malignant transformation of benign pleomorphic adenomas is 1.5% within the first ... | 4,910 | medmcqa_train |
Laryngeal mask is contraindicated in all except- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ocular surgeries Indications of LMA1. As an alternative to intubation wrhere difficult intubation is anticipated (difficult airway).2 To facilitate endo-tracheal intubation in a patient with difficult airw ays.Situations involving a difficult mask fit.Securing airw ay (as cardiopulmonary resuscitation... | 4,911 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 year old woman has severe, disabling rheumatoid ahritis. Rheumatoid factor is positive. What would a biopsy of the synovium of her knee most likely reveal? | Severe rheumatoid ahritis causes a proliferative synovitis with extensive damage to the synovium of the joint. The synol membrane becomes markedly thickened (pannus formation), with edematous villous projections that extend into the joint space. The intense inflammatory infiltrate that is present is typically composed ... | 4,912 | medmcqa_train |
Wernicke's aphasia is seen due to lesion in? | ANSWER: (C) Superior temporal gyrusREF: Gray's anatomy 39th edition, page 415See previous question | 4,913 | medmcqa_train |
Most common disease caused by CMV in a postrenal transplant patients: | Ans. (c) PneumoniaRef: Bailey 26th edition, Page 1416* Most common viral infection following kidney transplant is CMV- which presents with Interstitial pneumonia | 4,914 | medmcqa_train |
In myocardial infarction the infarct acquires hyperemic rim with an yellow centre at | 3 – 7 days Findings
Gross examination at border
Softening yellow-tan center Histopathology
(light microscopy)
Beginning of disintegration of dead muscle fibers
Necrosis of neutrophils
Beginning of macrophageremoval of dead cells at border | 4,915 | medmcqa_train |
Middle lobe of prostrate is present in between: | A i.e. Prostratic urethra & Ejaculation duct Board Review series AnatomyMedian lobe which lies between urethra and the ejaculatory duct is prone to benign hyperophy. QPosterior lobe, which lies behind the urethra and below the ejaculatory duct contains glandular tissue and is prone to carcinomatous transformation.Q | 4,916 | medmcqa_train |
Iritis roseata is seen in: | Ans. Syphilis | 4,917 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is NOT a component of Saint's triad? | Saint's triad is a medical condition of the concurrence of hiatus hernia,gallstones& diveiculosis of colon. Reference:SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:641. | 4,918 | medmcqa_train |
After overnight fasting, levels of glucose transporters reduced in: | Ans. C. Adipocytes(Ref: Harper 29/e page 158, Harper 30/e page 192)GLUT-4 and InsulinGlucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue is controlled by insulin, which is secreted by the islet cells of the pancreas in response to an increased concentration of glucose in the portal blood.In the fasting state, the glucose tra... | 4,919 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most severe form of Diptheria | Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 978* Diptheria is a nasopharyngeal and skin infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheria produce a protein toxin that causes systemic toxicity, myocarditis, and polyneuropathy.* The toxigenic strains cause pharyngeal diphtheria, while the non-toxigenic... | 4,920 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-year-old child presents with a history of fever off–and–on for past 2 weeks and petechial spots all over the body and increasing pallor for past 1 month. Examination reveals splenomegaly of 2 ems below the costal margin. The most likely diagnosis is – | Pallor (anemia), petechial spot (thrombocytopenia), fever (infection due to neutropenia) with splenomegaly suggest the diagnosis of acute leukemia.
Further, the presence of splenomegaly eliminates aplastic anaemia and ITP as the possibilities
"Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy are extremely uncommon in ITP and their pr... | 4,921 | medmcqa_train |
A 23-year-old male patient presented with a history of back pain, which is more in the morning and relieved by bathing in warm water. What is the likely additional finding present in this patient? | Ans. d. Decreased chest wall expansion (Ref: Harrison 19/e p2170, 18/e p2775)History of back pain, which is more in the morning and relieved by bathing in warm water is characteristic of spondylo arthropathy, like ankylosing spondylitis. Ankylosing spondylitis leads to extra-parenchymal restrictive lung disease, associ... | 4,922 | medmcqa_train |
Drug given for antibiotic associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis and is part of anti H. Pylori treatment: | Ans. C. MetronidazoleTriple drug regimen given for H. Pylori include- clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole. Out of all these drugs metronidazole is drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis. | 4,923 | medmcqa_train |
True about pseudocyst of pancreas - | Answer is 'd' i.e. can present from mediastinum of pubis | 4,924 | medmcqa_train |
Postponing paying attention of conscious impulse or conflict is mature defence mechanism known as | Sublimation: Gratification of an impulse whose goal is retained but whose aim or object is changed from a socially objectionable one to a socially valued one. Suppression: Conscious or semiconscious decision to postpone attention to a conscious impulse or conflict. Humour:ove expression of feelings without personal dis... | 4,925 | medmcqa_train |
Laminin is present in:(1998) | Ans: b (Basement membrane)Ref: Robbin's, 7th ed, p. 105 & 6thed, p. 100 | 4,926 | medmcqa_train |
Which radiological procedure is used for studying vesico-ureteric reflux? | The diagnosis of vesico ureteric reflux is made using micturition cystourethrogram. Other techniques used in diagnosing vesico ureteric reflux are simple or delayed cystography or voiding cinefluoroscopy. In a case of vesico ureteral reflux, cystogram may show one of the following findings: Persistently dilated lower u... | 4,927 | medmcqa_train |
A 43-year-old man with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis is admitted with upper GI bleeding. He has marked ascites and shows multiple telangiectasias, liver palmar erythema, and clubbing. A diagnosis of bleeding esophageal varices secondary to portal hypertension is made. Portal pressure is considered elevated when... | Portal hypertension is suspected clinically if esophageal varices are detected, hypersplenism occurs, or ascites develop. Normal portal venous pressure is 5-10 mm Hg. Pressure may be measured indirectly by using hepatic venous wedge pressure (occlusive hepatic wedge pressure). About two-thirds of patients with portal h... | 4,928 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient with AIDS, chorioretinitis is typically caused by – | The most common cause of chorioretinitis in AIDS is CMV. | 4,929 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about persistent caliber aery except? | Persistent caliber aery is called Dieulafoy's lesion. It is a large calibre aeriole that runs beneath the gut mucosa and bleeds pinpoint mucosal erosion. For management of bleeding in Dieulafoy's lesion, endoscopic therapy like thermal coagulation or band ligation is effective. In case of failure to control bleeding wi... | 4,930 | medmcqa_train |
Dark ground microscopy is used to see? | Darkfield / Dark ground microscope in which reflected light is used instead of transmitted light used in the ordinary microscope. Flagella are less than 0.02 um in thickness and hence beyond the limit of resolution of the light microscopes. They may in some instances be seen under dark field / Dark ground illumination.... | 4,931 | medmcqa_train |
Infant with hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia. hyperlipidemia and acidosis , diagnosis? | In type 1 Glycogen storage disorder the usual clinical features are : hepatomegaly failure to thrive hypoglycemia, becomes worse after overnight fasting, an inability of the liver to release glucose into the blood. ketosis acidosis hyperlipidemia, since free fatty acids are mobilised excessively to provide for energy n... | 4,932 | medmcqa_train |
Hairy cell leukemia&; is a Neoplastic proliferation of : | Hairy cell leukemia review : Presentation is with a triad of : Splenomegaly :often massive. However hepatomegaly is less common while lymphadenopathy is rare. Pancytopenia and thereby, resulting infections. Vasculitis like syndrome :Erythema nodosum and cutaneous nodules due to perivasculitis and PAN. Course : Hairy ce... | 4,933 | medmcqa_train |
Beaded margin of eyelid is seen in? | Lipoid proteinosis REF: org/121/ case pre sentations/lipoid2/robati.html, http: //en .wikipedia. org/wiki/Urba chdeg70E2%80%93Wiethe_diseas e "Urbach--Wiethe disease (also known as lipoid proteinosis and hyalinosis cutis et mucosae) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorderwith fewer than 300 repoed cases since its discov... | 4,934 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year-old man presents with 5 days of productive cough and fever. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is isolated from a pulmonary abscess. The CBC shows an acute effect characterized by marked leukocytosis (50,000 WBC/mL), and the differential count reveals numerous immature cells (band forms). Which of the following terms bes... | Leukemoid reaction. Circulating levels of leukocytes and their precursors may occasionally reach very high levels (>50,000WBC/mL). Such a situation, referred to as a leukemoid reaction, is sometimes difficult to differentiate from leukemia. In contrast to bacterial infections, viral infections (including infectious mon... | 4,935 | medmcqa_train |
Hydrogen peroxide is conveed to water and oxygen by enzyme? | Catalase, present in peroxisomes, catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (2H2O2 - O2 + 2H2O). Glutathione (GSH) peroxidases are a family of enzymes whose major function is to protect cells from oxidative damage 2 GSH (glutathione) + H2O2 - GS-SG + 2 H2O. myeloperoxidase conves H2O2 to a highly reactive compou... | 4,936 | medmcqa_train |
Hypercalciuria is seen in: | Answer is D (All of the above): Hypercakiuria may be associated with Vitamin D intoxication (hypervitaminosis D), Sarcoidosis and hyperparathyroidism. Causes of Hypercalciuria-associated Nephrolithiasis in Children and Adults Idiopathic hypercalciuria Increased intestinal calcium absorption - Granulomatous disease e.g.... | 4,937 | medmcqa_train |
Schneider's Ist rank symptoms seen in: | D i.e. Schizophrenia | 4,938 | medmcqa_train |
Killian's dehiscence is seen in - | Between these two parts of inferior constrictor exists a potential gap called Killian's dehiscence.
It is also called the gateway to tear as perforation can occur at this site during esophagoscopy.
It is also the site for herniation of pharyngeal mucosa in case of the pharyngeal pouch. | 4,939 | medmcqa_train |
Hypsarrythmia in a child is due to- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Myoclonic epilepsy Myoclonic epilepsy may be ? i) Infantile spasm or Infantile myoclonus or west syndrome ii) Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Infantile spasm (Infantile myoclonus or west syndrome) o The onset is usually between 3-8 months of life o It is characterized by triad of ? i) Salaam spells (sudde... | 4,940 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are adverse effects of thalidomide except : | Thalidomide was banned because of teratogenic effects (phocomelia). Now it has come again in the market for use as an anticancer drug in multiple myeloma and melanoma.
Lenalidomide is its more potent and non-teratogenic derivative.
Thalidomide most commonly causes sedation and constipation in cancer patients. It can al... | 4,941 | medmcqa_train |
Neurotoxin is which snake - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Krait Type of poisoningSnakeVasculotoxicVipersMyotoxicSea snakesNeurotoxicElapids- cobra, Krait, coral | 4,942 | medmcqa_train |
Single gene defect causing multiple unrelated problems is called? | Pleotropism refers to single gene defect causing multiple traits. Penetrance- extent to which a paicular gene or set of genes is expressed in the phenotypes of individuals carrying it Pseudodominance- sudden appearance of a recessive phenotype in a pedigree, due to deletion of a masking dominant gene Anticipation- dise... | 4,943 | medmcqa_train |
Urinary bacterial count of 105 is insignificant, in the absence of symptoms, in all of the following conditions except - | Significant growth of a Uropathogen in the absence of symptoms is termed Asymptomatic bacteriuria. Urinary bacterial count of 105 is significant in Pregnancy. Pathogens associated with UTI most commonly in pregnancy are most commonly E coli, along with Klebsiella, proteus, enterobacter, staphylococcus saprophyticus. Si... | 4,944 | medmcqa_train |
Elastomers are | According to Chemistry
Chemically, there are four kinds of elastomers:
Polysulfide
Condensation polymerizing silicones
Addition polymerizing silicones
Polyether | 4,945 | medmcqa_train |
Cotton fever is due to the abuse of: | COTTON FEVER : Fever developing due to injection of a water extract of the cotton remaining after the heroin supply is used in a "bag" | 4,946 | medmcqa_train |
What causes both destruction of bone and reduction of joint space? | (a)TB in spine involves- 2 Vertebra (Bone) + Disk (Cartilage)- Paradiscal- Anterior (to spinal cord)Note: Involvement of posterior elements and single vertebra is relatively rare in TB. | 4,947 | medmcqa_train |
The commonest malignant tumour of the lids is | MALIGNANT TUMOURS Basal-cell carcinoma It is the commonest malignant tumour of the lids (90%) usually seen in elderly people. It is locally malignant and involves most commonly lower lid (50%) followed by medial canthus (25%), upper lid (10-15%) and outer canthus (5-10%). Clinical features: It may present in four forms... | 4,948 | medmcqa_train |
Point B in the treatment of carcinoma cervix receives the following dose of: | Two important points in the radiotherapy of cancer cervix are | 4,949 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year old alcoholic develops cough and fever. Chest X-ray show an air-fluid level in the superior segment of the right lower lobe. The most likely etiologic agent is: | Ans. D. AnaerobesOf the organisms listed, only anaerobic infection is likely to cause a necrotizing process Type III pneumococci have been reported to cause cavitary disease, but this is unusual. The location of the infiltrate suggests aspiration, also making anaerobic infection most likely. The superior segment of the... | 4,950 | medmcqa_train |
The antidote of poisoning due to Arninanita muscaria is | D i.e. Atropine Amanita muscaria & Amanita phalloides are poisonous mushrooms with parasympathetic (Cholinergic) symptoms. So AtropineQ is used as antidote in severe cases; but avoided in mild case as it excerhates delirium. | 4,951 | medmcqa_train |
Baonella quintana causes: | Ans. is. 'a' i. e., Trench fever | 4,952 | medmcqa_train |
The main poion of the ovarian aery, vein, and nerves are carried to and from the ovary by way of the: | The suspensory ligament attaches the ovary to the pelvic wall and carries within its folds the main poion of the ovarian vessels and nerves. The ovarian ligament attaches the inferior pole of the ovary to the uterus. The broad ligament is a double-fold of parietal peritoneum, which hangs over the uterus (mesentery of t... | 4,953 | medmcqa_train |
Barr body is absent in - | Ans. is 'b' i. e., Turner Barr body (Sex- chromatin)o It is a densely staining inactivated condensed 'X' chromosome that is present in each somatic cells of female,o It is found in the nucleus.o It is used as a test of genetic femaleness - it is possible to determine the genetic sex of an individual according as to whe... | 4,954 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is most likely to produce a junctional scotoma | Junctional scotoma is due to lesion at junction of Optic nerve and chiasma. Which is m/c due to meningioma. | 4,955 | medmcqa_train |
Perversion with pain to self: TN 09; Maharashtra 11 | Ans. Masochism | 4,956 | medmcqa_train |
In acute inflammation endothelial retraction leads to | ref Robbins 8/e p45,9/ep74 Several mechanisms may contribute to increased vascu- lar permeability in acute inflammatory reactions: * Endothelial cell contraction leading to intercellular gaps in postcapillary venules is the most common cause of increased vascular permeability. Endothelial cell con- traction occurs rapi... | 4,957 | medmcqa_train |
Aery of anatomical snuffbox? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., RadialAnatomical Snuffbox Triangular depression on the dorsal and radial aspect of the hand become visible when thumb is fully extended. BoundariesMedial/Posterior--Tendon of the extensor pollicis longus.Lateral/Anterior--Tendon of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus.Roof--Skin a... | 4,958 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following can be given orally? | MESNA ,is a drug used to reduce the undesired side effects of ceain chemotherapy drugs. It is referred to as a "chemoprotectant." and prophylactic agent used to reduce the incidence of ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. How this drug is given: As an injection or infusion through the vein (intravenous, IV). This i... | 4,959 | medmcqa_train |
This cream is appropriate for all of the following procedures Except | EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) is a eutectic mixture of 5 percent lidocaine and prilocaine that is used to produce anesthesia over intact skin. Its primary use is to produce anesthesia before venipuncture and lumbar puncture. In other settings, this cream has been used for anesthesia of split-thickness gr... | 4,960 | medmcqa_train |
Not a fungal infection is: | Ans: A (Mycoses fungoides) Ref: Rook's Dermatology, 8th ed.Explanation:Mycosis Fungoides/Sezary SyndromeMycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome are different manifestations of a tumor of CD4+ helper T cellsClinically, the cutaneous lesions of mycosis fungoides typically progress through three somewhat distinct stages, an... | 4,961 | medmcqa_train |
Antisocial personality is seen with : | A i.e. Drug abuse | 4,962 | medmcqa_train |
All are viral causes of PUO except: | Ans: d (Leptospirosis) Ref: Harrison, 16 ed, p. 116, 17th ed, p. 132A quite straight forward question. The answer is leptospirosis because it is not a viral cause of PUOPUO: (Pyrexia of unknown origin)Definition:Temperature >38.3(IC on several occasionsOrA duration of fever of >3 weeksOrFailure to reach a diagnosis des... | 4,963 | medmcqa_train |
In disaster management following are practiced except | Disaster Management includes three aspects: 1. Disaster impact and response: Search, rescue, and first-aid * Field care * Triage * Tagging * Identification of the dead 2. Rehabilitation or recovery: * Water supply * Basic sanitation and personal hygiene * Food safety * Vector control 3. Mitigation: Measures designed ei... | 4,964 | medmcqa_train |
A patient having cystic medial necrosis with necrotising aeritis is suffering from? | Cystic medial degeneration . Smooth muscle loss . Fibrosis . Inadequate ECM synthesis . Accumulation of increasing amounts of amorphous proteoglycans Robbins 9 th edition page no. 345 | 4,965 | medmcqa_train |
A 27 year old female having a family history of autoimmune disease presents with the complaints of a skin rash and recurrent joint pains 3 months after delivering a baby. She is most likely to have which of the following disorders? | Acquired factor VIII deficiency Muscle and soft tissue bleeds are common. Bleeding into a joint results in severe pain and swelling, as well as loss of function, but is rarely associated with discoloration from bruising around the joint. Life-threatening sites of bleeding include bleeding into the oropharynx, where ble... | 4,966 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest cause of cataract | D i.e. Age related Radiation cataract is caused by exposure to almost all types of radiation energy such as infrared or heat (in glass-blowers or glass-workers, and iron-workers), irradiation caused by X-rays, gamma-rays or neutrons (in workers in atomic energy plant, survivors of atomic bomb and in patients inadequate... | 4,967 | medmcqa_train |
All are metabolic causes of liver disease except | Ans. is 'a' i.e., HistiocytosisMetabolic liver diseases can be classified into 3 categories:Manifestations due to hepatocellular necrosis: Galactosemia, hereditary fructose intolerance, tyrosinemia type I, Wilson disease, Hemochromatosis and al -antitrypsin deficiency.Cholestatic jaundice :Al -antitrypsin deficiency, B... | 4,968 | medmcqa_train |
The most common type of intussusception? | Ans. a (Ileocolic) (Ref. Bailey and Love 26th/pg. 114).ACUTE INTUSSUSCEPTION# Telescoping/invagination of one portion of the gut within an immediately adjacent segment; invariably it is the proximal into distal bowel. An intussusception is composed of three parts: the entering or inner tube; the returning or middle tub... | 4,969 | medmcqa_train |
Holdswoh classification of thoracolumbar spine fracture is based on how many columns of spine? | Answer- A. TwoHoldswoh,s proposed two column concept of thoracolumbar spine fractureAntetior column : Consists veebral body, annulus fibrous, Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligamentsposterior column: Consists of veebral arch (pedicle, facets, laminae) and posterior ligaments (ligamentum flavum,interspinous and sup... | 4,970 | medmcqa_train |
Chvostek’s sign is elicited by | The Clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia are mostly due to neuromuscular irritability.
The patients complains of paresthesias which are typically perioral or of the hands and feets
Tetany is the classic manifestation of hypocalcemia, the manifestations are :
Corpopedal Spasm o Laryngospasm o Seizures Latent tetan... | 4,971 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following may be used to differentiate Central Retinal Venous Occlusion (CRVO) from ocular Ischemic syndrome due to carotid artery stenosis, Except – | Dilated retinal vein is seen both in CRVO and ocular ischemic syndrome; therefore, this feature cannot differentiate these two. However, in CRVO vein is tortuous while in ocular ischemic syndrome it is non-tortuous.
Retinal artery perfusion pressure is decreased in ocular ischemic syndrome and is normal in CRVO.
Ophtha... | 4,972 | medmcqa_train |
The commonest clinical pattern of basal cell carcinoma is - | • Locally invasive carcinoma, arises from the basal layer of the epidermis
• MC type of skin cancer
• 90% of BCC are seen in the face, above a line from the corner of mouth to lobule of ear.
• MC site: Nose >Inner canthus of the eye, also known as Tear cancer.
Types of BCC
• Nodular: MC type of BCC, characterized by sm... | 4,973 | medmcqa_train |
Rose-waaler test is | It is rapid slide haemagglutination test for detection of rheumatoid factor. | 4,974 | medmcqa_train |
Medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy is : | Methotrexate | 4,975 | medmcqa_train |
A class C diabetic patient delivers at term, it is impoant to check her blood sugar levels immediately postpaum, since there may be a decrease in the insulin requirements of diabetic patients. This can be paly explained by : | Decrease in plasma chorionic somatomammotropin | 4,976 | medmcqa_train |
True about third hea sound is- | The third hea sound (S 3 ) occurs during the rapid filling phaseof ventricular diastole. It can be a normal finding in children,adolescents, and young adults; however, in older patients it signifieshea failure. A left-sided S 3 is a low-pitched sound best heard overthe left ventricular (LV) apex. A right-sided S 3 is u... | 4,977 | medmcqa_train |
Large way vegetation are characteristic of? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., SABE | 4,978 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for treatment of intermediate uveitis is | Treatment for Intermediate uveitis : Intravitreal or Posterior Subtenon's Steroid injections : Triamcinolone acetonide Steroids may also be given by subconjuntival route or by Subtenon's route | 4,979 | medmcqa_train |
Primary bile acid is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Chenodeoxycholic acid Primary bile acids are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, which are synthesized from cholesterol in liver. In the intestine some of the primary bile acids are conveed into secondary bile acids, i.e., deoxycholic acid (formed from cholic acid) and lithocholic acid (derived fro... | 4,980 | medmcqa_train |
What diagnosis is suggested by these spirography findings? | Answer A. Intrathoracic localized obstructionAn intrathoracic localized obstruction is demonstrated on spirography. The patient underwent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy, which revealed nearly complete (greater than 90%) occlusion of the distal trachea by a vascular mass. The patient recovered after endoscopic laser a... | 4,981 | medmcqa_train |
Which is a yeast like fungi: September 2007 | Ans. B: Candida Yeast like fungi grow paly as yeast and paly as elongated cells resembling hyphae.The latter form a pseudomycelium. Candida albicans is a pathogenic yeast-like fungus. | 4,982 | medmcqa_train |
Observation of yeast cells with multiple budding in tissue in the form of a “the shape shown in below pictomyograph ” is highly suggestive of | Paracoccidioides brasiliensis causes paracoccidioidomycosis. It is a dimorphic fungus that exists as a mold in soil and as a yeast in tissue. The yeast is thickwalled with multiple buds ("ship's wheel" appearance), in contrast to Blastomyces dermatitides, which has a yeast with a single bud that has a broad base. His... | 4,983 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most significant component of a behavioral program developed to help a mother deal with a child having oppositional defiant disorder? | Positive reinforcement of promoting desirable behaviours through rewards is the most significant component of the program used to deal with ODD. | 4,984 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of leukocoria in newborn is | . | 4,985 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the site of bladder injury in abdominal hysterectomy is : | Posterior wall | 4,986 | medmcqa_train |
A 10 year old child with aggressive, self mutilating behavior and poor concentration is brought with presenting complaints of joint pain and reduced urinary output. Child's presentation is most likely due to the deficiency of which enzyme? | The child in the question stem is showing features of Lesch nyhan syndrome caused by deficiency of HGPase. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase is an enzyme responsible for the formation of hypoxanthine to inosoic acid and guanine to guanylic acid. This enzyme deficiency can present in a complete form only i... | 4,987 | medmcqa_train |
A 56 year old man has been having bloody bowel movements on and off for the past several weeks. He repos that the blood is bright red, it coats the outside of the stools, and he can see it in the toilet bowl even before he wipes himself. When he does so, there is also blood on the toilet paper. After fuher questioning,... | The combination of red blood coating the stools and a change in bowel habit and stool caliber spells out cancer of the rectum in someone in this age group. Anal fissure is typically seen in young women who have very painful bowel movements with streaks of blood. Pain is the dominant symptom in this condition. Cancer of... | 4,988 | medmcqa_train |
What is the best procedure to control external hemorrhage in an event of accidental injury? | Direct firm pressure applied over the bleeding area or the involved aery at a site that is proximal to the wound is the best way to control external hemorrhage. A firm pressure dressing is applied and the injured pa is elevated to stop venous and capillary bleeding if possible. If the injured area is an extremity it sh... | 4,989 | medmcqa_train |
5day baby full term breast fed with bilirubin 14mg Idl weight is 2700g what should be done next ? | Age Min TSB to sta phototherapy 24hrs > 10mg 1dL 48hrs >13mg 1dL 72hrs >15mg1dL 96hrs and beyond >18mg1dL Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | 4,990 | medmcqa_train |
The paradoxical response of GH release to TRH is seen in - | TRH stimulates the secretion of prolactin as well as TSH,
Normally it does not affect growth hormone secretion but in acromegaly TRH induced growth hormonal stimulation Occurs.
Note:
"In prolactinomas paradoxical response of TRH to prolactin occurs".
In normal individuals,
TRH stimulates prolactin release
Where as in... | 4,991 | medmcqa_train |
How many mm from the limbus is the safest site of intravitreal injection? | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 171)Intravitreal injection (distance from Limbus)For aphakics-3mmFor pseudophakes-3.5mmFor phakics-4mm | 4,992 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following cofactors must be utilized during the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyel-CoA? | FAD The key enzymatic step of fatty acid syn thesis is the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. The carboxyl of biotin is covalently attached to an E-amino acid group of a lysine residue of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The reaction occurs in two stages. In the first step, a carboxybiotin is formed: HCO3- + bioti... | 4,993 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not consider to be a slow viruse diseases - | kuru,scrapie,&CJD Are caused by slow virus REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.557 | 4,994 | medmcqa_train |
Sleepwalking occur in which stage of sleep - | Sleep walking (somnambulism) is seen in stage 3 & 4 of NREM sleep. | 4,995 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following device provides fixed performance oxygen therapy: | B i.e. Ventimask Ventimask or venturimasks are high flow or fixed performance (performance not affected by changes in patient's tidal volume and respiratory rate) oxygen delivery devicesQ delivering accurate oxygen concentration | 4,996 | medmcqa_train |
Nerve supply of tip of nose | Nerve supply General sensory nerves derived from the branches of trigeminal nerve are distributed to whole of the lateral wall: Anterosuperior quadrant is supplied by the anterior ethmoidal nerve branch of ophthalmic nerve. Anteroinferior quadrant is suplied by the anterior superior alveolar nerve branch of infraorbita... | 4,997 | medmcqa_train |
Features of carcinoma penis include all except: March 2007 | Ans. C: Hypospadias is a premalignant lesion Following as risk factors for penile cancer: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, smoking, smegma, phimosis, treatment of psoriasis, age, and AIDS. The other etiologic factor most commonly associated with penile carcinoma is poor hygiene. Lichen sclerosus (also known as bal... | 4,998 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-year-old male, chronic smoker, presented with fatigue and chest pain. On examination, there was inset left eyeball with drooping upper left eyelid and reduced left pupil size. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this condition? | Most tumors of the apex of the lung are adenocarcinomas Pancoast tumors - apical lung tumors in the superior pulmonary sulcus tend to invade the neural structures around the trachea, including the cervical sympathetic plexus. Involvement of sympathetic fibers gives rise to severe pain in the distribution of the ulnar n... | 4,999 | medmcqa_train |
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