query stringlengths 17 395 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Do signaling cascades modulate the speed of signal propagation through space? | [
"Cells are not mixed bags of signaling molecules. As a consequence, signals must travel from their origin to distal locations. Much is understood about the purely diffusive propagation of signals through space. Many signals, however, propagate via signaling cascades. Here, we show that, depending on their kinetics,... | [
"Intracellular transport involves the movement of organelles along microtubules (MTs) or actin filaments (AFs) by means of opposite-polarity MT motors or actin-dependent motors of the myosin family. The correct delivery of organelles to their different destinations involves a precise coordination of the two transpo... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are folate deficiency , hyperhomocysteinemia , low urinary creatinine , and hypomethylation of leukocyte DNA risk factors for arsenic-induced skin lesions? | [
"Arsenic methylation relies on folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism and facilitates urinary As elimination. Clinical manifestations of As toxicity vary considerably among individuals and populations, and poor methylation capacity is thought to confer greater susceptibility. After determining that folate deficienc... | [
"Even moderate increases in levels of homocysteine cause cardiovascular degeneration. Various genetic and nutritional factors affect plasma homocysteine concentrations, and hyperhomocysteinemia damages vascular endothelial cells; hence their functions are disrupted. In diabetes mellitus, homocysteine metabolism is ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does rDX induce aberrant expression of microRNAs in mouse brain and liver? | [
"Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play an important role in many biological and metabolic processes, their functions in animal response to environmental toxicant exposure are largely unknown. We used hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a common environmental contaminant, as a toxicant stres... | [
"MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) have emerged as an important class of short endogenous RNA that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of miRNA in the proliferation of differentiated thyro... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does type of SCN5A mutation determine clinical severity and degree of conduction slowing in loss-of-function sodium channelopathies? | [
"Patients carrying loss-of-function SCN5A mutations linked to Brugada syndrome (BrS) or progressive cardiac conduction disease (PCCD) are at risk of sudden cardiac death at a young age. The penetrance and expressivity of the disease are highly variable, and new tools for risk stratification are needed. We aimed to ... | [
"Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia is a major source of mortality worldwide. Besides rare inherited monogenic diseases such as long-QT or Brugada syndromes, which reflect abnormalities in ion fluxes across cardiac ion channels as a final common pathway, arrhythmias are most frequently acquired and associated with... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does docosahexaenoic acid pretreatment confer neuroprotection in a rat model of perinatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia? | [
"We hypothesized that pretreatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a potentially neuroprotective polyunsaturated fatty acid, would improve function and reduce brain damage in a rat model of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia. Seven-day-old rats were divided into 3 treatment groups that received intraperitoneal injections ... | [
"Flavonoids, extracted from the leaves of Diospyros kaki, are the main therapeutic components of NaoXingQing (NXQ), a potent and patented Chinese herbal remedy widely used in China for the treatment of apoplexy syndrome. To investigate the neuroprotective effects of FLDK-P70, a standardized flavonoid extract, using... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does short-term overt hypothyroidism induce discrete diastolic dysfunction in patients treated for differentiated thyroid carcinoma? | [
"Thyroid hormone has important effects on the cardiovascular system. The consequences of episodes of acute hypothyroidism on cardiac function have been investigated in only a few studies, and their results are inconclusive. Our objective was to investigate the effects of acute hypothyroidism on cardiac function in ... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does resveratrol inhibit fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis in rat hepatocytes? | [
"The putative role of resveratrol, a polyphenol present in grapes and other plants, in modulating dislypidemia, thus preventing cardiovascular diseases, is generally based on proliferating cell lines and in vivo studies in different pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether re... | [
"Hypoxia regulates adipocyte metabolism. Hexosamine biosynthesis is implicated in murine 3T3L1 adipocyte differentiation and is a possible underlying mechanism for hypoxia's effects on adipocyte metabolism. Lipid metabolism was studied in human visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes in in vitro hypoxic culture with a... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is age in high-functioning healthy men associated with nonlinear decline in some 'executive ' functions in late middle age? | [
"Age-related cognitive decline might involve selective deterioration of specific brain systems. We studied the relationship between age and cognition by comparing cognitive function of older and younger high functioning men. A cross-sectional study comparing neuropsychological test battery performance of younger (1... | [
"Albumin serves a range of physiological functions that are vital to overall brain and cognitive health. Indeed, associations between cognitive performance and albumin have been demonstrated in individuals with chronic liver or kidney disease and in patients with a high urinary excretion of albumin. However, an ass... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is postoperative low-molecular-weight heparin bridging associated with an increase in wound hematoma following surgery for pacemakers and implantable defibrillators? | [
"The perioperative management of patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC) who undergo pacemaker (PM) and defibrillator (ICD) surgery remains controversial. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is often used; however, wound hematoma is a common complication. At a single academic Canadian center, between ... | [
"Vascular laceration is a rare but potentially fatal complication with excimer laser-assisted pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead extraction. We report our experience on management of vascular laceration during laser-assisted lead extraction. We retrospectively reviewed 140 consecutive patients... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does aCE inhibition attenuate uremia-induced aortic valve thickening in a novel mouse model? | [
"We examined whether impaired renal function causes thickening of the aortic valve leaflets in hyperlipidemic apoE-knockout (apoE-/-) mice, and whether the putative effect on the aortic valves could be prevented by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with enalapril. Thickening of the aortic valve lea... | [
"The nitric oxide-soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cGMP signal transduction pathway is impaired in different cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and arterial hypertension. Riociguat is a novel stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). However, little is known about the effec... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do successful outcome of pars plana vitreous surgery in chronic hypotony due to uveitis? | [
"To report outcome of pars plana vitrectomy in patients with chronic hypotony due to uveitis. Assessment of ciliary body was done preoperatively by ultrasound biomicroscopy and intraoperatively by direct visualization. Surgical procedure included pars plana or limbal lensectomy and vitrectomy with removal of ciliar... | [
"Methylprednisolone acetate (Depo-Medrol, Pfizer, New York) is a depot corticosteroid that is commonly injected periorbitally to treat various ophthalmologic conditions. Accidental intravitreal injections secondary to globe perforations have resulted in rapid retinal toxicity. To their knowledge, the authors report... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does citicoline affect appetite and cortico-limbic responses to images of high-calorie foods? | [
"Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (citicoline) has a variety of cognitive enhancing, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative properties. In cocaine-addicted individuals, citicoline has been shown to increase brain dopamine levels and reduce cravings. The effects of this compound on appetite, food cravings, and brain res... | [
"Determine the influence of experience with consistent or inconsistent relationships between the sensory properties of snack foods and their caloric consequences on the control of food intake or body weight in rats. Rats received plain and BBQ flavored potato chips as a dietary supplement, along with ad lib rat cho... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are coeliac disease-specific tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies associated with osteoporosis and related fractures in middle-aged women? | [
"To investigate whether the serological marker for coeliac disease, tissue transglutaminase autoantibody (tTGAb), is associated with decreased bone mass density (BMD) and increased frequency of fractures in middle-aged women screened for osteoporosis. The study comprised 6480 women (mean age 56 years, range 50-64) ... | [
"Although it is known that anaemia may be the only presenting symptom in coeliac disease, prevalence figures of unsuspected coeliac disease in anaemic patients are not available. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of antigliadin and antiendomysial antibody tests in the diagnostic algorithm ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does adjunctive use of tafluprost with timolol provide additive effects for reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma? | [
"This study investigated the efficacy and safety of tafluprost as an adjunctive therapy to timolol in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, uncontrolled by timolol monotherapy. This was a randomized, double-masked, parallel-group, multinational and multicenter 12-week phase III study. Tafluprost... | [
"To report visual acuity and intraocular pressure outcomes among patients who have undergone combined pars plana vitrectomy and placement of a glaucoma drainage implant. The medical records of all patients who underwent combined pars plana vitrectomy and placement of a glaucoma drainage implant at the Bascom Palmer... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are acute effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on attentional control related to antidepressant outcomes? | [
"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a new treatment procedure that holds promise of more insight into the pathophysiology of depression because the DLPFC may play an important role in the interplay between emotional and attentional informat... | [
"Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder or panic disorder are often troubled by inappropriate retrieval of fear memory. Moreover, these disorders are often comorbid with irritable bowel syndrome. The main aim of the present study is to elucidate the involvement of hippocampal serotonergic systems in fear memor... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is beta-catenin expression altered in dysplastic and nondysplastic aberrant crypt foci of human colon? | [
"Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) of the colon are possible precursors of adenoma and cancer. beta-catenin alterations are early events in human colorectal carcinogenesis. beta-catenin expression is altered in colorectal cancer, adenoma, and ACF with dysplasia. Here, we describe the expression of beta-catenin in ACF, espe... | [
"Intestinal metaplasia in the tubular esophagus is the recognized precancerous lesion of adenocarcinoma in Barrett esophagus. However, it is not yet clear whether adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia arises from the same premalignant lesion, i.e., intestinal metaplasia of the gastric cardia. The purpose of this stu... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases regulated during the pulmonary granulomatous response to the mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate? | [
"Tuberculosis has a staggering influence on world health, resulting in nearly 2 million deaths per year. The influence of glucocorticoids during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has been under investigation for decades; however, the identity of mycobacterial factors and the mechanism by which glucocorticoids ar... | [
"Atherosclerotic lesions are associated with the accumulation of reactive aldehydes derived from oxidized lipids. Although inhibition of aldehyde metabolism has been shown to exacerbate atherosclerosis and enhance the accumulation of aldehyde-modified proteins in atherosclerotic plaques, no therapeutic intervention... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does naloxone combined with epinephrine decrease cerebral injury in cardiopulmonary resuscitation? | [
"Cardiopulmonary arrest is a serious disease that claims many lives every day; 30% of the patients suffer irreversible central nervous system injury after restoration of systemic circulation (ROSC). Naloxone combined with epinephrine was tested in a cardiac arrest rat model in which asphyxia was induced to determin... | [
"Sodium nitroprusside-enhanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation consists of active compression-decompression, an impedance threshold device, abdominal binding, and large intravenous doses of sodium nitroprusside. We hypothesize that sodium nitroprusside-enhanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation will significantly increas... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do four-year clinical update from the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite brachytherapy trial? | [
"We present a 4-year update on the efficacy, cosmetic results, and complications of MammoSite breast brachytherapy in patients enrolled in the American Society of Breast Surgeons registry trial. A total of 1,449 breasts in 1,440 patients with early stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving therapy were treat... | [
": Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is a lifelong disorder with increasing incidence and prevalence. IBD primarily affects young people's productivity in addition to direct and indirect costs. The chronic nature of the disease and the patients' requirement of frequent and easy access to the Health Care providers r... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does t-cell metagene predict a favorable prognosis in estrogen receptor-negative and HER2-positive breast cancers? | [
"Lymphocyte infiltration (LI) is often seen in breast cancer but its importance remains controversial. A positive correlation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification and LI has been described, which was associated with a more favorable outcome. However, specific lymphocytes might also promo... | [
"Recent data have shown anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) to be a novel oncogene overexpressed in luminal breast cancers. However, many studies only focused on its relationship with treatment resistance, and the clinical relevance of AGR2 has not been widely evaluated. AGR2 expression in a cohort of breast cancer was corr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are iL6 and CRP haplotypes associated with COPD risk and systemic inflammation : a case-control study? | [
"Elevated circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and fibrinogen (FG) have been repeatedly associated with many adverse outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To date, it remains unclear whether and to what extent systemic inflammation is primary or second... | [
"Dimethylarginines (DMA) interfere with nitric oxide formation by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase (asymmetrical DMA [ADMA]) and l-arginine uptake into the cell (ADMA and symmetrical DMA [SDMA]). In prospective clinical studies, ADMA has been characterized as a cardiovascular risk marker, whereas SDMA is a novel ma... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does nY-ESO-1 DNA vaccine induce T-cell responses that are suppressed by regulatory T cells? | [
"Different vaccination strategies against the NY-ESO-1 antigen have been employed in an attempt to induce antitumor immune responses. Antigen-specific effector T-cell responses have been reported in a subset of vaccinated patients; however, these responses have not consistently correlated with disease regression. H... | [
"Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore alternative approaches to treat this disease, such as immunotherapy, are needed. Melanoma vaccine design has mainly focused on targeting CD8+ T cells. Activation of effector CD8+ T cel... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does diagnostic ultrasound combined with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa-targeted microbubbles improve microvascular recovery after acute coronary thrombotic occlusions? | [
"The high mechanical index (MI) impulses from a diagnostic ultrasound transducer may be a method of recanalizing acutely thrombosed vessels if the impulses are applied only when microbubbles are channeling through the thrombus. In 45 pigs with acute left anterior descending thrombotic occlusions, a low-MI pulse seq... | [
"Prior use of antiplatelet agents improves stroke outcome in patients undergoing thrombolytic therapy as shown by reduced arterial reocclusion, although the risk of cerebral hemorrhage can be increased. The effect of cilostazol, an antiplatelet drug that improves endothelial function through upregulation of intrace... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does absence of circulating aldosterone attenuate foreign body reaction around surgical sutures? | [
"Adrenal hormones influence inflammatory and fibrotic activity and thereby are involved in wound-healing process. Any excess as well as any shortage of glucocorticoids leads to a delayed wound healing. Mineralocorticoids like aldosterone have a pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory impact; thus, reduction of circulatin... | [
"Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions are common complications after abdominal surgery. The exact molecular mechanisms that are responsible for these complications remain unclear, and there are no effective methods for preventing adhesion formation or reformation. The aim of the study reported here was to invest... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does matrix metalloproteinase-7 facilitate immune access to the CNS in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis? | [
"Metalloproteinase inhibitors can protect mice against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated, but it is not clear if other MMPs are also involved, including matrilysin/MMP-7 - an enzyme capable of cleaving... | [
"Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS) affect a relatively large portion of the population, leading to severe disability if left untreated. Even though pharmaceutics targeting the immune system have revolutionised the therapy of these diseases, there is still a need for n... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is the transcription factor Sox11 a prognostic factor for improved recurrence-free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer? | [
"Current prognostic molecular markers for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are insufficient. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of Sox11 in EOC. Using an in silico transcriptomic screen, Sox11 was identified as a potential EOC biomarker. Sox11 protein expression was evaluated using immunohistoc... | [
"To investigate the role of cyclin G1 and cyclin B1 in ovarian tumorigenesis. We examined cyclin B1 and G1 expression in 58 epithelial ovarian cancer, 18 low-malignant-potential ovarian tumors, and 6 normal ovarian epithelium samples using immunohistochemistry. We also examined cyclin G1 and p53 expression in 7 epi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does tetrodotoxin reduce cue-induced drug craving and anxiety in abstinent heroin addicts? | [
"Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals. New clinical studies suggest that low-dose TTX can safely relieve severe, treatment-resistant cancer pain. The therapeutic potential of TTX in addiction is supported by studies in laboratory animals. The purpose of this double-blind,... | [
"Although steady-state methadone (SSM) treatment is mainly used for opioid addiction, some clinical studies indicate that it also reduces cocaine abuse in opioid-dependent individuals. To present evidence suggesting that SSM may be useful in the treatment of cocaine addiction without pre-existing opioid dependence.... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does diabetes affect ventricular repolarization and sudden cardiac death risk in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy? | [
"We studied the effects of diabetes on ventricular repolarization parameters and sudden cardiac death in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We enrolled 132 consecutive patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure functional classes II or III and left ventricular ejection fraction <40% withou... | [
"Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is indicated for the treatment of advanced heart failure with severe systolic dysfunction and intraventricular conduction delay. Patient selection for this technology is vital, though it remains unclear which patients benefit most from CRT. We tested the hypothesis that pati... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is missense single nucleotide polymorphism of the ADAM12 gene associated with radiographic knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged Estonian cohort? | [
"One of the recognized candidate genes of osteoarthritis (OA) is the ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) gene. We investigated the potential role of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the ADAM12 gene in susceptibility to radiographic knee OA and its progression in an Estonian cohort. The rs374... | [
"Determination of the serum levels of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Κb Ligand, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin in patients suffering from osteoarthritis of varying severity and healthy controls and correlation of these results with the patients' age and the radiographicall... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are rigid sigmoidoscopy and MRI interchangeable in determining the position of rectal cancers? | [
"1) To analyse for interchangeability of rigid sigmoidoscopy and MRI in determining the distance from anus to tumour, and to determine if anterior/posterior location influences this difference. 2) To analyse the effect of preoperative chemo-radiotherapy on the distance from anus to tumour. Retrospective investigati... | [
"Endoscopic examination has proven effective in both detecting and preventing colorectal cancer; however, only about a quarter of eligible patients undergo screening. Even if the compliance rate increased, limited endoscopic capacity and cost would be prohibitive. There is a need for an accurate method to target co... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does apolipoprotein E modify neurological outcome by affecting cerebral edema but not hematoma size after intracerebral hemorrhage in humans? | [
"To address the mechanisms by which apoE polymorphism affects functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage in humans, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of the APOE4 allele results in amplified inflammatory responses and increased cerebral edema. We prospectively enrolled and collected data on 21 adult... | [
"Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most common causes of maternal deaths related to the postpartum period. This is a devastating form of stroke for which there is no available treatment. Although premenopausal females tend to have better outcomes after most forms of brain injury, the effects of pregnancy... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is epidermal growth factor receptor gene polymorphisms , R497K , but not ( CA ) n repeat , associated with dilated cardiomyopathy? | [
"Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been recently implicated in pathological tissue remodelling and sustained remodelling processes can lead to pathological outcomes, such as cardiac hypertrophy in heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common form of heart muscle disease, comprising 60% o... | [
"Hypospadias is a common male congenital urethral malformation, defined as the displacement of the urethral meatus ventrally from the tip of the glans penis. The importance of androgen receptor in male external genitalia development has been well recognized. Recently, the presence of active estrogen receptors (ER) ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do effects of multipurpose contact-lens care solutions on adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to corneal epithelial cells? | [
"To study the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) to human corneal epithelial cells treated with multipurpose contact-lens care solutions (MPSs). SV40-immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (svHCET cells) were cultured on collagen-coated culture slides for 7 days. The svHCET cells were exposed to three MPS... | [
"The Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test (EVEIT) is used to analyse the clinical observations of corneal calcification attributed to the presence of phosphate within applied eye-drops used in treating glaucoma, Still-Chauffard syndrome, ocular burns and dry eyes. Live corneas from abattoir rabbit eyes were cultured in orde... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is cyclosporine A , but not tacrolimus , associated with impaired proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells in vitro? | [
"The prevention of graft rejection after liver transplant with cyclosporine A (CyA) and tacrolimus has been associated to decreased bone mineral density. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of increasing concentrations of CyA and tacrolimus on human osteoblasts. Human osteoblast-like cells... | [
"Heterotopic ossification on the enthesis, which develops after subsequent inflammation, is one of the most distinctive features in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2) serves as a key mediator of inflammation and bone remodeling in AS. Celastrol, a well-known Chinese medicinal herb isolated from T... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does aminoguanidine impede human pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis development in nude mice? | [
"To study the action of aminoguanidine on pancreatic cancer xenografts in relation to cell proliferation, apoptosis, redox status and vascularization. Xenografts of PANC-1 cells were developed in nude mice. The animals were separated into two groups: control and aminoguanidine treated. Tumor growth, survival and ap... | [
"Withania somnifera (known as Ashwagandha) is a medicinal plant used in the ayurvedic medicines in India. Withaferin-A, a withanolide derived from the leaf extract of W. somnifera, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity against various cancer cells, such as leukemia, breast cancer and colon cancer cells. ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 via RNA interference inhibit pancreatic carcinoma cell invasiveness and adhesion? | [
"To investigate the inhibitory effects of RNA interference (RNAi) on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) gene and invasiveness and adhesion of human pancreatic cancer cell line, BxPC-3. RNAi was performed using the vector (pGPU6)-based small interference RNA (siRNA) plasmid gene silence system to speci... | [
"Thiazolidinediones (TZD) are a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs that have been shown to inhibit growth of some epithelial cancer cells. Although TZD were found to be ligands for peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) the mechanism by which TZD exert their anticancer effect is currently u... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does short term result from GHRH analogue use in pre-menopausal breast cancer in Korea? | [
"Hormone receptor-positive, pre-menopausal breast cancer patients can be treated by chemotherapy and/or ovarian suppression therapy. We reported our experience of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue plus tamoxifen (GnRHa+T) or adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by tamoxifen (AC-->T) in pre-menopausal... | [
"Systemic concentrations of T, estradiol (E Because E The study was conducted at the Mayo Center for Clinical and Translational Science. This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled study in 60 healthy postmenopausal women treated with the following: 1) double placebo; 2) anastrozole, a potent inhibitor of aroma... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does dPC4 gene status of the primary carcinoma correlate with patterns of failure in patients with pancreatic cancer? | [
"Contrary to the extensive data accumulated regarding pancreatic carcinogenesis, the clinical and molecular features characteristic of advanced stage (stage III and IV) disease are unknown. A comprehensive study of pancreatic cancers from patients who have succumbed to their disease has the potential to greatly exp... | [
"The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that occult tumour cells in peritoneal lavage are a negative prognostic factor in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of CEA, EGFR and hTERT transcript levels was used to identify occult tumour cells in peritoneal lavage samples from 96 pancreatic c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is the association between inflammatory markers and carotid atherosclerosis sex dependent : the Tromsø Study? | [
"The presence of echolucent artery plaques is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events as compared to echogenic plaques. Whether inflammatory markers are associated with carotid plaque morphology is questioned. 5,341 individuals were examined with ultrasonography of the right carotid artery. Of these... | [
"Cardiovascular risk factors have different impact on different arterial territories. Diseases with elevated circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) such as primary hyperparathyroidism and chronic renal failure have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, predominantly heart or c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does cinacalcet lower serum alkaline phosphatase in maintenance hemodialysis patients? | [
"Studies suggest an association between elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and increased mortality in hemodialysis patients, but the effect of existing therapies on AP is not fully understood. We assessed the effects of cinacalcet on AP in a secondary analysis of controlled trial data. This was a post hoc ana... | [
"Persistent hypoalbuminemia is a long-term poor prognostic factor in chronic hemodialysis patients. We investigated the correlation between the degree of peroxidation of erythrocyte membrane lipids, erythrocyte alpha tocopherol content, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity and serum albumin concentration in ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does ginsenoside Rg1 promote endothelial progenitor cell migration and proliferation? | [
"To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the migration, adhesion, proliferation, and VEGF expression of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). EPCs were isolated from human peripheral blood and incubated with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rg1 (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 micromol/L) and vehicle controls.... | [
"Wound healing is deeply dependent on neovascularization to restore blood flow. The neovascularization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) through paracrine secretion has been reported in various tissue repair models. Exosomes, key components of cell paracrine mechanism, have been rarely reported in wound healin... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does short-term exercise training stimulate skeletal muscle ATP synthesis in relatives of humans with type 2 diabetes? | [
"We tested the hypothesis that short-term exercise training improves hereditary insulin resistance by stimulating ATP synthesis and investigated associations with gene polymorphisms. We studied 24 nonobese first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients and 12 control subjects at rest and 48 h after three bouts ... | [
"Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) accumulation is a classical feature of metabolic diseases. We hypothesised that IMCL accumulate mainly as a consequence of increased adiposity and independently of type 2 diabetes. To test this, we examined IMCL accumulation in two different models and four different populations of p... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is adaptive beta-cell proliferation severely restricted with advanced age? | [
"Regeneration of the insulin-secreting beta-cells is a fundamental research goal that could benefit patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. beta-Cell proliferation can be acutely stimulated by a variety of stimuli in young rodents. However, it is unknown whether this adaptive beta-cell regeneration capacity... | [
"Diabetes mellitus is characterised by beta cell loss and alpha cell expansion. Analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are used therapeutically to antagonise these processes; thus, we hypothesised that the related cell cycle regulators retinoblastoma protein (Rb) and p107 were involved in GLP-1 action. We use... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does inferior vena cava ligation rapidly induce tissue factor expression and venous thrombosis in rats? | [
"Although stasis is important in the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), how it contributes to thrombogenesis is largely unknown. To gain mechanistic insight, we used a rat model of inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation. Rats were subjected to IVC ligation for 15 to 60 minutes. Ligation resulted in rapid IVC di... | [
"Immune cells play an important role during the generation and resolution of thrombosis. T cells are powerful regulators of immune and nonimmune cell function, however, their role in sterile inflammation in venous thrombosis has not been systematically examined. This study investigated the recruitment, activation, ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is ligand-dependent Notch signaling involved in tumor initiation and tumor maintenance in pancreatic cancer? | [
"Aberrant activation of the Notch signaling pathway is commonly observed in human pancreatic cancer, although the mechanism(s) for this activation has not been elucidated. A panel of 20 human pancreatic cancer cell lines was profiled for the expression of Notch pathway-related ligands, receptors, and target genes. ... | [
"Several innate immunity genes are overexpressed in human cancers and their roles remain controversial. Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is one such gene whose role in cancer is not clear. BST-2 is a unique innate immunity gene with both antiviral and pro-tumor functions and therefore can serve as a paradigm f... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is thyroid stimulating hormone associated with metabolic syndrome in euthyroid postmenopausal women? | [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in euthyroid postmenopausal women. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2205 Korean postmenopausal women. Subjects who were not euthyroid were excluded. Fasting TSH, free thyroxine (... | [
"Do teenage girls with a history of menstrual irregularity and/or elevated androgen levels in adolescence exhibit an increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and/or infertility later on in adulthood?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does preproNPY Pro7 protect against depression despite exposure to environmental risk factors? | [
"There is extensive evidence, from both clinical cases and rodent models, for reduced levels of the widely expressed neuropeptide Y (NPY) in anxiety and depressive disorders. The rare allele of the Leu7Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide of preproNPY has been associated with higher processing into mature NPY, an... | [
"There is growing evidence that maternal obesity and prenatal exposure to a high-fat diet program fetal development to regulate the physiology and behavior of the offspring in adulthood. Yet the extent to which the maternal dietary environment contributes to adult disease vulnerability remains unclear. In the curre... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is c5a inhibitory peptide combined with gabexate mesilate a clinically available candidate for preventing the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction? | [
"The instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, characterized by activation of both the coagulation and complement cascades, is a serious obstacle to successful islet engraftment. No attractive protocol is clinically available as yet. The objective of the present study was to examine whether complementary peptid... | [
"To review the role of heme oxyenase-1 in organ transplantation and explore the potential applications targeted on overexpression of heme oxyenase-1 gene. The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from the articles listed in Medline and PubMed, published from January 1996 to December 2008. The search terms... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does iTAM signaling by Vav family Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulate interstitial transit rates of neutrophils in vivo? | [
"In response to infection, neutrophils are quickly recruited from the blood into inflamed tissues. The interstitial migration of neutrophils is crucial for the efficient capture and control of rapidly proliferating microbes before microbial growth can overwhelm the host's defenses. However, the molecular mechanisms... | [
"Endocarditis-inducing streptococci form multilayered biofilms in complex with aggregated platelets on injured heart valves, but the host factors that interconnect and entrap these bacteria-platelet aggregates to promote vegetation formation were unclear. In a Streptococcus mutans endocarditis rat model, we identif... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is association between frequency of chromosomal aberrations and cancer risk influenced by genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1? | [
"The frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals has been associated with cancer risk. It is presently unclear whether this association is influenced by individual susceptibility factors such as genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. To evaluat... | [
"Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug regimens have considerable impact on anti-TB treatment, potentially leading to unsuccessful outcomes. Nevertheless, the risk factors that play a role in anti-TB drug-induced ADRs are not well established. It is well documented that gene... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does bisphenol A at low nanomolar doses confer chemoresistance in estrogen receptor-alpha-positive and -negative breast cancer cells? | [
"Resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem facing breast cancer patients, and identifying potential contributors to chemoresistance is a critical area of research. Bisphenol A (BPA) has long been suspected to promote carcinogenesis, but the high doses of BPA used in many studies generated conflicting results. I... | [
"Tocomin® represents commercially available mixture of naturally occurring tocotrienols (T3s) and tocopherols extracted from palm oil/palm fruits that possess powerful antioxidant, anticancer, neuro/cardioprotective and cholesterol-lowering properties. Cellular autophagy represents a defense mechanism against oxida... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does beta-Carotene promote the development of NNK-induced small airway-derived lung adenocarcinoma? | [
"beta-Carotene has shown cancer-preventive effects in preclinical studies while increasing lung cancer mortality in clinical trials. We have shown that beta-carotene stimulates cAMP signalling in vitro. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that beta-carotene promotes the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAC)... | [
"Essentials Epithelial cell apoptosis is critical in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Protein S, a circulating anticoagulant, inhibited apoptosis of lung epithelial cells. Overexpression of protein S in lung cells reduced bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Intranasal therapy with exogenous prot... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is excessive daytime sleepiness an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling elderly : the three city study? | [
"Excessive daytime sleepiness, one of the most frequent sleep complaints in the elderly, may affect survival, but inconsistent results have been observed in that population so far. We therefore estimated the risk of mortality for excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in community-dwelling elderly participating in the ... | [
"Metabolic syndrome is a characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome differ among ethnic groups, due in part to differences in eating habits and body build. Little is known a... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does hydrochloric acid aspiration increase right ventricular systolic pressure in rats? | [
"Pulmonary aspiration of gastric acid is a serious complication during anaesthesia and may cause aspiration pneumonitis and adult respiratory distress syndrome. The development of pulmonary hypertension may aggravate the initial course of the aspiration pneumonitis. The authors hypothesized that acid aspiration ind... | [
"Takotsubo syndrome, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is an important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with chest pain and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Beyond adrenergic overstimulation the pathophysiology behind Takotsubo is poorly known and the syndrome cannot b... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does transgenic up-regulation of alpha-CaMKII in forebrain lead to increased anxiety-like behaviors and aggression? | [
"Previous studies have demonstrated essential roles for alpha-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (alpha-CaMKII) in learning, memory and long-term potentiation (LTP). However, previous studies have also shown that alpha-CaMKII (+/-) heterozygous knockout mice display a dramatic decrease in anxiety-like a... | [
"Developmental disorders including cognitive deficit, hyperkinetic disorder, and autistic behaviors are frequently comorbid in epileptic patients with SCN1A mutations. However, the mechanisms underlying these developmental disorders are poorly understood and treatments are currently unavailable. Using a rodent mode... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is helicobacter pylori associated with anaemia in Latin America : results from Argentina , Brazil , Bolivia , Cuba , Mexico and Venezuela? | [
"To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and anaemia. Six cross-sectional studies. H. pylori infection was assessed by the [13C]urea breath test using MS or IR analysis. Hb was measured for all countries. Ferritin and transferrin receptors were measured for Argentina, Bolivia, Mexico, a... | [
"People of Hispanic origin comprise nearly 16 percent of the (US) population. With the growing population of Hispanics in the USA, an important epidemiological question is whether their country of origin affects survival in Hispanic women living in the USA at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer. We searched the ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does perturbation of DNA repair pathways by proteasome inhibitors correspond to enhanced chemosensitivity of cells to DNA damage-inducing agents? | [
"Breast cancer treatment often employs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), such as that induced by irradiation or anticancer agents. Ubiquitination is required at the site of DNA damage and plays a crucial role in the DSB repair pathway. We investigated the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the pathway after exposure... | [
"A major obstacle for successful cancer treatment often is the development of drug resistance in cancer cells during chemotherapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel drugs with improved efficacy against tumor cells and with less toxicity on normal cells. Artesunate (ART), a powerful anti-malarial herbal c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does deletion of the mouse Fmo1 gene result in enhanced pharmacological behavioural responses to imipramine? | [
"Many drugs are the subject of multipathway oxidative metabolism catalyzed by one or more cytochromes P450 or flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs). This complicates assessment of the role of individual enzymes in metabolizing the drug and, hence, in understanding its pharmacogenetics. To define the role of FMOs ... | [
"Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) serve as intracellular carriers that deliver endocannabinoids and N-acylethanolamines to their catabolic enzymes. Inhibition of FABPs reduces endocannabinoid transport and catabolism in cells and FABP inhibitors produce antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in mice. Pote... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is the need for epidural analgesia related to birthweight - a population-based register study? | [
"To investigate the relation between use of epidural analgesia (EDA) and maternal and fetal characteristics. Population-based register study. Nationwide study in Sweden. All 106,775 primiparous women who in 2002-2005 delivered a singleton infant vaginally at term. Register study with data from the Medical Birth Reg... | [
"Pregnancy was traditionally considered a contraindication to cholecystectomy but is now becoming the favoured option for gallstone-related disease (GRD) during pregnancy. To assess if cholecystectomy during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm labour, fetal mortality and maternal mortality. PubMed and MEDLINE d... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is death receptor 5 internalization required for lysosomal permeabilization by TRAIL in malignant liver cell lines? | [
"Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by lysosomal permeabilization. Our aims were to determine which TRAIL receptor, death receptor (DR) 4 or DR5, mediates lysosomal permeabilization and assess whether receptor endocytosis follow... | [
"Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of death in women and development of new therapies is essential. Second mitochondria derived activator of caspase (Smac) has been described to sensitize for apoptosis. We have explored the proapoptotic activity of a small molecule mimic of Smac/DIABLO on ovarian cancer cell l... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do two-lung high-frequency jet ventilation as an alternative ventilation technique during transthoracic esophagectomy? | [
"The aim of this study was to evaluate two-lung high-frequency jet ventilation during esophagectomy and evaluate the influence of high-frequency jet ventilation on pulmonary complications as compared with one-lung ventilation. A retrospective study. A single-center study in a university hospital. The authors analyz... | [
"To describe the anesthetic and ventilatory management of an infant with diffuse pulmonary bullous lesions. Four successive operations were scheduled for an infant with diffuse pulmonary bullous lesions. At the age of seven weeks, conventional positive pressure ventilation during laparotomy for intestinal occlusion... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is in-stent coronary restenosis , but not the type of stent , associated with impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilatation? | [
"Precise mechanisms leading to restenosis are not fully understood. The type of implanted stent and the intensity of atherogenic processes may affects the restenosis rate. To compare the long-term effects of the coronary stent implantation - paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) or bare-metal stents (BMS) - on endothelial... | [
"The current study sought to examine inflammation at the stented segments of Nobori (Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and Cypher (Cordis, Miami, Florida) drug-eluting stents (DES), as well as free radical production and endothelial function of the adjacent nonstented segments in a pig coronary model. Nobori is a n... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is remote postconditioning more potent than classic postconditioning in reducing the infarct size in anesthetized rabbits? | [
"Postconditioning confers protection to the heart after a potentially lethal episode of prolonged ischemia. There is evidence that it may also be protective when applied at a distal artery. In the present study, we sought to determine whether remote postconditioning within the heart (local) or outside the heart (di... | [
"Current treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) focuses on reestablishing blood flow (reperfusion). Paradoxically, reperfusion itself may cause additional injury to the heart. We previously found that delta-protein kinase C (deltaPKC) inhibition during simulated ischemia/reperfusion in isolated rat hearts ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does continuous infusion of pantoprazole with octreotide improve management of variceal hemorrhage? | [
"To assess the effect of a prolonged continuous infusion of pantoprazole on patient outcomes when the drug was combined with standard octreotide therapy in patients with variceal hemorrhage. Retrospective cohort study. Large academic hospital. Patients. One hundred thirty adults who received treatment for a documen... | [
"Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is a recently developed alternative to endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for the treatment of oesophageal varices. Endoscopic variceal ligation and EIS were compared in an attempt to clarify the efficacy and safety of EVL for patients with cirrhosis due to hepatitis C. End... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does glutamine deprivation induce abortive s-phase rescued by deoxyribonucleotides in k-ras transformed fibroblasts? | [
"Oncogene activation plays a role in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. We have previously shown that K-ras transformed fibroblasts have a stronger dependence on glycolysis and a reduced oxidative phosphorylation ability as compared to their normal counterparts. Another metabolic adaptation of cancer cells, t... | [
"Glucagon action in the liver is essential for control of glucose homeostasis and the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia. Because receptors for the related peptides glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-2 regulate beta-cell and enterocyte apoptosis, respectively, we examined whether glucagon rec... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do multiple shocks affect thoracic electrical impedance during external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation? | [
"Thoracic impedance (TI) influences the success of external cardioversion (ECV) or defibrillation because current intensity traversing the heart is inversely related to TI. Experimental data suggest that TI decreases after multiple shocks. We undertook a clinical study to determine changes of TI values in patients ... | [
"Ibutilide is a class III antiarrhythmic drug that is used for the cardioversion of atrial arrhythmias, but it can cause torsades de pointes. Amiodarone is also used for the cardioversion of atrial fibrillation and prolongs the QT interval but rarely causes torsades de pointes. The study included 51 consecutive pat... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does tamoxifen inhibit transforming growth factor-alpha gene expression in human breast carcinoma samples treated with triiodothyronine? | [
"To examine the effects of triiodothyronine (T3), 17beta-estradiol (E2), and tamoxifen (TAM) on transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha gene expression in primary breast cancer cell cultures and interactions between the different treatments. Patients included in the study (no.=12) had been newly diagnosed with breas... | [
"Recent clinical trials show that women who receive combined estrogen and progestin hormone therapy (HT) have a higher risk of breast cancer than women who receive estrogen alone or placebo. We have shown that progestins stimulate expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor, ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does perception of improvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis vary with disease activity levels at baseline? | [
"To analyze the minimum clinically important improvement (MCII) of disease activity measures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using patient-derived anchors, and to assess whether criteria for improvement differ with baseline disease activity. We used data from a Norwegian observational database comprising 1,050 patient... | [
"To investigate whether oestrogens can be used as treatment to diminish disease activity in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Forty postmenopausal female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study on the possible beneficial effect of adjuvant treatment of oestr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are higher levels of physical activity associated with a lower risk of abnormal glucose tolerance in renal transplant recipients? | [
"We investigated and compared diets and physical activity levels of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT), and we identified clinical risk factors for AGT. This study was cross-sectional and observational. This study took place in a hospital's re... | [
"Aspirin is considered one of the most prescribed drugs worldwide, predominantly for its cardioprotective effects. However, its use may be precluded by gastrointestinal and haematological side-effects. To investigate the association between the prophylactic use of aspirin and the prevalence of anaemia among adults.... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does s-homocysteinylated LDL apolipoprotein B adversely affect human endothelial cells in vitro? | [
"In recent years elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been widely recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and a connection between hyperhomocysteinemia and lipid metabolism has been suggested to have a possible role in endothelial vascular damage as lipoprotein fractions contain higher Hcy... | [
"Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Nicotine, the addictive component of cigarettes, induces mast cell (MC) release and contributes to atherogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether nicotine accelerates atherosclerosis through MC-mediated mechanisms and whether M... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does narrow-band imaging magnification predict the histology and invasion depth of colorectal tumors? | [
"There are several reports concerning the differential diagnosis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic colorectal lesions by narrow-band imaging (NBI). However, there are only a few NBI articles that assessed invasion depth. To determine the clinical usefulness of NBI magnification for evaluating microvessel architectur... | [
"The diagnosis of invasive malignancy on biopsies from colorectal neoplasms can be challenging. The concept of intramucosal carcinoma as an indicator of invasive malignancy is somewhat controversial within histopathology circles despite current World Health Organization (WHO) definitions. This study was designed to... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does peripheral nerve injury sensitize neonatal dorsal horn neurons to tumor necrosis factor-alpha? | [
"Little is known about whether peripheral nerve injury during the early postnatal period modulates synaptic efficacy in the immature superficial dorsal horn (SDH) of the spinal cord, or whether the neonatal SDH network is sensitive to the proinflammatory cytokine TNFalpha under neuropathic conditions. Thus we exami... | [
"Paclitaxel often induces persistent painful neuropathy as its most common treatment-limiting side effect. Little is known concerning the underlying mechanisms. Given the prominent role of glial cells in many types of neuropathic pain, we investigated here the morphological and functional changes of spinal astrocyt... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do rectal cancer patients benefit from implementation of a dedicated colorectal cancer center in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center? | [
"A dedicated colorectal cancer (CRC) center was created in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center with the intent of improving quality of patient care and multidisciplinary cooperation. Retrospective and prospective databases before and after creation of the CRC center, respectively, were created. Patients entered in ea... | [
"The purpose of the Primary Palliative Care Pilot Project was to determine if patients with a life-limiting illness who receive their primary care and palliative care from a consistent provider via a nurse practitioner (NP)-founded and-directed Primary Palliative Care Clinic at a public hospital would have improved... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is beta amyloid in Alzheimer 's disease : increased deposition in brain reflected in reduced concentration in cerebrospinal fluid? | [
"A decreased concentration of beta amyloid (1-42) (Abeta42) has consistently been found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is considered a diagnostic biomarker. However, it is not clear to which extent CSF Abeta42 levels are reflective of cerebral pathology in AD. The aim... | [
"The receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPAR) promotes invasion by neoplastic or inflammatory cells by focusing proteolysis of urokinase to the cell surface. In pathologic conditions, soluble forms of the receptor (suPAR) are released, and activate cell receptors to promote chemotaxis. In the CNS, suPAR ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is interleukin-6 essential for Staphylococcal exotoxin B-induced T regulatory cell insufficiency in nasal polyps? | [
"The pathogenesis of nasal polyps is still unclear. There is increasing evidence indicating that Staphylococcal aureus (S. aureus) is associated with the formation of nasal polyps, but the mechanism has not been well documented to date. We stimulated cultured nasal polyps and turbinate tissues with Staphylococcal e... | [
"Macrophage M2b polarization conferred by self-DNA immunization initiates and propagates lupus nephritis. Knockdown of DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors (DAI) ameliorates SLE syndrome via blunting macrophage M2b polarization."
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does cigarette smoke suppress in vitro allergic activation of mouse mast cells? | [
"Mast cells are important effector cells in innate or acquired immunity that contribute to host defence. Excessive activation of mast cells can result in the development of allergic diseases, including atopic asthma. Mast cell activation by IgE and specific antigen induces the cells to release spasmogenic, vasoacti... | [
"Interleukin-4 has been implicated as having numerous roles in the inflammatory responses characteristic of allergic asthma. Interleukin-4 has been shown to be involved in IgE synthesis, upregulation of BCAM-1 on endothelium, and promotion of inflammatory cell infiltration into the airways. We therefore examined wh... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is brain maturation delayed in infants with complex congenital heart defects? | [
"Small head circumferences and white matter injury in the form of periventricular leukomalacia have been observed in populations of infants with severe forms of congenital heart defects. This study tests the hypothesis that congenital heart defects delay in utero structural brain development. Full-term infants with... | [
"Congenital heart disease is the leading cause of death in the first year after birth. Prenatal diagnosis of the disease can optimize the preoperative condition of the patient and may help in the prevention of acidosis. In this retrospective study we compared the occurrence of metabolic acidosis in patients with an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does early vs late midline sling lysis result in greater improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms? | [
"Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) occur in 5-20% of women after antiincontinence procedures. Symptoms include complete urinary retention or storage, voiding, and postmicturition symptoms. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of time from sling placement to midline sling lysis on overall improvement... | [
"The correlation between timing of the primary neurosurgical repair and urological prognosis in infants with open spinal dysraphism remains unknown. We investigated the impact of primary repair timing on neurogenic bladder prognosis in children with myelomeningocele. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 401 c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
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} |
Do [ Correlation between pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis and thymus mature dendritic cells ]? | [
"To investigate the correlation between onset of myasthenia gravis (MG) and the changes of the number and distribution of thymus mature dendritic cells (mDC). The specimens of thymus were obtained during operation from 39 MG patients who hadn't received immunosuppressive therapy before thymectomy and 19 sex- and ag... | [
"What is the effect of estrogen on heparanase procogulant activity?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does cigarette smoke impair clearance of apoptotic cells through oxidant-dependent activation of RhoA? | [
"Cigarette smoke (CS) is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an effect that is, in part, due to intense oxidant stress. Clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) is a critical regulator of lung homeostasis, which is defective in smokers and in patients with COPD, suggesting a role ... | [
"Oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-3-glycero-phosphorylcholine (Ox-PAPC) and its component phospholipid, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5,6 epoxyisoprostanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PEIPC), which are present in atherosclerotic lesions, activate endothelial cells to induce a complex inflammatory and pro-oxidant response.... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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} |
Is a eukaryotic initiation factor 5C upregulated during metamorphosis in the cotton bollworm , Helicoverpa armigera? | [
"The orthologs of eukaryotic initiation factor 5C (eIF5C) are essential to the initiation of protein translation, and their regulation during development is not well known. A cDNA encoding a polypeptide of 419 amino acids containing an N-terminal leucine zipper motif and a C-terminal eIF5C domain was cloned from me... | [
"Apolipophorin-III (ApoLp-III) is known to play an important role in lipid transport and innate immunity in lepidopteran insects. However, there is no evidence of involvement of ApoLp-IIIs in the immune responses of dipteran insects such as Drosophila and mosquitoes. We report the molecular and functional character... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is g-protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein-1 required for pulmonary vascular development? | [
"The G-protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein-1 (GIT1) is a multidomain scaffold protein that participates in many cellular functions including receptor internalization, focal adhesion remodeling, and signaling by both G-protein-coupled receptors and tyrosine kinase receptors. However, there have been ... | [
"Growth Arrest Specific gene product 6 (gas6) is a gamma-carboxylated protein that protects endothelial cells against apoptosis. Gas6 has previously been shown to induce phospatidyl-3-inositol-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. Other studies have demonstrated a link between PI3K/Akt signaling and forkhead transcription f... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is histamine released in acute thermal injury in human skin in vivo : a microdialysis study? | [
"Animal models have shown histamine to be released from the skin during the acute phase of a burn injury. The role of histamine during the early phase of thermal injuries in humans remains unclear. The objectives of this trial were to study histamine release in human skin during the acute phase of a standardized th... | [
"Do platelets play any role in the development of endometriosis?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are mutations in the first MyTH4 domain of MYO15A a common cause of DFNB3 hearing loss? | [
"To use clinical and genetic analyses to determine the mutation causing autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) segregating in two consanguineous Iranian families. Family study. Members of each family received otologic and audiometric examination for the type and extent of hearing loss. Linkage mappi... | [
"Pediatric cataract is an important preventable blinding disease. Previous studies have estimated 10-25% of cases to be genetic in etiology. In an effort to characterize the genetics of cataract in our population, we have conducted a comprehensive clinical and genomic analysis (including autozygome and exome analys... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is early growth response factor-1 associated with intraluminal thrombus formation in human abdominal aortic aneurysm? | [
"The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1), a vascular pathogenic transcription factor, and its potential relationship with tissue factor (TF), a key player during the thrombus formation in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) wall. Although intraluminal thrombus is ... | [
"Vascular involvement of Behçet's disease is currently considered as an important sign of the clinical evolution of patients with Behçet's disease. In addition, Behçet's disease is important in that it causes peripheral arterial aneurysms. In this report, 4 patients with vasculo-Behçet's peripheral arterial aneurys... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do reduction of postoperative spinal implant infection using gentamicin microspheres? | [
"Three noncontiguous spinal implant sites in 1 rabbit were challenged with Staphylococcus aureus and local antibiotic prophylaxis was given with gentamicin in controlled-release microspheres (poly(lactic-coglycolic-acid) [PLGA]). Postoperative biomaterial-centered infection on and around the titanium rods was asses... | [
"To determine whether immersion in antibiotic solution reduces or prevents bacterial adhesion onto biodegradable prostatic stents. Pre-cut segments of polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic acid (PLA) prostatic stents were incubated with two common uropathogenic bacterial strains (Enterococcus faecalis and Escheric... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do biomechanics of halo-vest and dens screw fixation for type II odontoid fracture? | [
"An in vitro biomechanical study of halo-vest and odontoid screw fixation of Type II dens fracture. The objective were to determine upper cervical spine instability due to simulated dens fracture and investigate stability provided by the halo-vest and odontoid screw, applied individually and combined. Previous stud... | [
"Halo fixation is now universally performed in the initial reduction and fixation of unstable upper cervical spine injuries; however, persistent high instability and recurrent dislocations of the atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial joints after fixation are not well recognized. The aim was to describe persistent inst... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is a-kinase anchoring in dendritic cells required for antigen presentation? | [
"Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen presenting cells (APC) of the immune system. Prostaglandin E(2), cyclic AMP, and protein kinase A (PKA) have all been shown to regulate DC maturation and activity. In other cells, the ability of these molecules to convey their signals has been shown to be dependent ... | [
"Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are among the first-line sentinels for immune detection and responsiveness to pathogens. The TLR2 subfamily of TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR6) form heterodimers with each other and are thus able to recognize a broad range of components from several microbes such as yeast, Gram-positive bacteria ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does bazedoxifene reduce vertebral and clinical fractures in postmenopausal women at high risk assessed with FRAX? | [
"Bazedoxifene has been shown to significantly decrease the risk of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. No significant effect was noted on the risk of clinical fractures, but fracture risk reduction was reported in a post hoc subgroup analysis in a high risk group categorised on the basis of BMD and prior f... | [
"Early osteoporotic fractures have a great impact on disease progression, the first fracture being a major risk factor for further fractures. Strontium ranelate efficacy against vertebral fractures is presently assessed in a subset of women aged 50-65 years. The Spinal Osteoporosis Therapeutic Intervention (SOTI) w... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does loss of the acinar-restricted transcription factor Mist1 accelerate Kras-induced pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia? | [
"Invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is thought to originate from duct-like lesions called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). PanINs progress from low grade (PanIN-1) to high grade (PanIN-3) as the cells attain molecular alterations to key regulatory genes, including activating mutations in the KRA... | [
"Esophageal squamous cell cancer accounts for more than 90% of cases of esophageal cancers. Its pathogenesis involves chronic epithelial irritation, although the factors involved in the inflammatory process and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis are unknown. We sought to develop a mouse model of this cancer. We used ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does high glucose sensitize adult cardiomyocytes to ischaemia/reperfusion injury through nitrative thioredoxin inactivation? | [
"Ischaemic cardiac injury is significantly increased in diabetic patients, but its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The current study attempted to identify new molecular mechanisms potentially contributive to hyperglycaemic-exaggeration of myocardial ischaemic injury. Adult mouse cardiomyocytes... | [
"Oxidative injury and dysfunction of the vascular endothelium are early and causal features of many vascular diseases. Single antioxidant strategies to prevent vascular injury have met with mixed results. Here, we report that induction of a metabolic stress response with adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) preven... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do salicylates dilate blood vessels through inhibiting PYK2-mediated RhoA/Rho-kinase activation? | [
"Compared with other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin is not correlated to hypertension. It has been shown that aspirin has unique vasodilator action in vivo, offering an explanation for the unique blood pressure effect of aspirin. In the present study, we investigate the mechanism whereby sali... | [
"To investigate the detailed mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) cell entry. Utilize a siRNA library targeting cellular membrane trafficking genes to identify key molecules that mediate JEV entry into human neuronal cells. JEV enters human neuronal cells by caveolin-1-mediated endocytosis, which depends ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does p6 acustimulation effectively decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting in high-risk patients? | [
"Electrical acustimulation can reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acustimulation in relation to known risk factors for PONV. We also tested the secondary hypothesis that pre- or post-induction application of acustimulation resul... | [
"Ondansetron has a well documented antiemetic prophylactic effect, whereas in most studies of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), metoclopramide is less efficacious. This can be attributed to the short-lasting effect of metoclopramide when a low dose is given at the beginning of surgery. We wanted to test a 2... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does intraoperative detection of intimal lipid in the radial artery predict degree of postoperative spasm? | [
"The radial artery's (RA) tendency to spasm when used as a bypass graft may relate to features of the RA itself. We imaged RA conduits before and after CABG in order to characterize intimal abnormalities that might relate to the risk of spasm. RA conduits from thirty-two CABG patients were imaged intraoperatively u... | [
"Grafted, non-occluded coronary arteries might contribute substantially to the myocardial blood supply and serve as a basis for vascular collateralization which preserves the myocardium in the event of graft occlusion. Early studies indicated that grafting with saphenous vein, but not internal mammary arteries, acc... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is serum obestatin/ghrelin ratio altered in patients after distal gastrectomy? | [
"Ghrelin is a peptide hormone produced mainly in the stomach, and obestatin is derived by proteolytic cleavage of the ghrelin prepro-hormone. The aim of this study was to determine the postoperative serial changes in these hormones and whether hyperplasia of ghrelin-expressing cells occurs in the remnant stomach. W... | [
"Anemia after gastrectomy is commonly neglected by clinicians despite being an important and frequent long-term metabolic sequela. We hypothesized that the incidence and timing of the occurrence of iron deficiency after gastrectomy is closely associated with the extent of gastrectomy and the reconstruction method, ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are the coiled coils of cohesin conserved in animals , but not in yeast? | [
"The SMC proteins are involved in DNA repair, chromosome condensation, and sister chromatid cohesion throughout Eukaryota. Long, anti-parallel coiled coils are a prominent feature of SMC proteins, and are thought to serve as spacer rods to provide an elongated structure and to separate domains. We reported recently... | [
"Septins are cytoskeletal GTPase proteins first discovered in the fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae where they organize the septum and link nuclear division with cell division. More recently septins have been found in animals where they are important in processes ranging from actin and microtubule organization to emb... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do iBD-associated TL1A gene ( TNFSF15 ) haplotypes determine increased expression of TL1A protein? | [
"The recently identified member of the TNF superfamily TL1A (TNFSF15) increases IFN-gamma production by T cells in peripheral and mucosal CCR9+ T cells. TL1A and its receptor DR3 are up-regulated during chronic intestinal inflammation in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (CD). TL1A gene haplotypes increase CD ... | [
"Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is often asymptomatic until the time of rupture resulting in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).There is no precise biochemical or phenotype marker for diagnosis of aneurysm. Environmental risk factors that associate with IA can result in modifying the effect of inherited genetic factors and ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do intergenic regions of Borrelia plasmids contain phylogenetically conserved RNA secondary structure motifs? | [
"Borrelia species are unusual in that they contain a large number of linear and circular plasmids. Many of these plasmids have long intergenic regions. These regions have many fragmented genes, repeated sequences and appear to be in a state of flux, but they may serve as reservoirs for evolutionary change and/or ma... | [
"Streptococcus mutans is the major pathogen of dental caries, and it occasionally causes infective endocarditis. While the pathogenicity of this species is distinct from other human pathogenic streptococci, the species-specific evolution of the genus Streptococcus and its genomic diversity are poorly understood. We... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does botulinum toxin cosmetic therapy correlate with a more positive mood? | [
"It has been suggested that botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) treatment for frown lines can also be used as a treatment for depression. A psychological mechanism for this effect is reviewed in which paralysis of the corrugator (frown) muscles leads to less facial feedback for negative emotions. Consequently, a negative aff... | [
"Do platelets play any role in the development of endometriosis?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does propofol inhibit cyclo-oxygenase activity in human monocytic THP-1 cells? | [
"Monocytes/macrophages are key players in innate and adaptive immunity. Upon stimulation, they secrete prostanoids, which are produced by cyclooxygenase from arachidonic acid. Prostanoids influence inflammation and immune responses. We investigated the effect of propofol on prostaglandin E(2) and thromboxane B(2) p... | [
"Human resistin has been linked to several inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. This study aimed to clarify the expression of resistin in different inflammatory cells and its effect on endothelial cells. In this study, RNA and protein expression of resistin were detected in human primary neutrophils, mono... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
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