query stringlengths 17 395 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Is testosterone production better preserved after 16 than 20 Gray irradiation treatment against testicular carcinoma in situ cells? | [
"To study the effect of 16 Gy radiotherapy (RT) vs. 20 Gy RT on Leydig cell function in men treated with radiotherapy against carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the testis. Fifty-one men who were treated between 1985 and 2005 were included. Fourteen men had been treated with 20 Gy and 37 with 16 Gy RT. Measurements of sex ... | [
"Radiation therapy produced unwanted side effect on normal tissues, such as radiodermatitis. Hydrogen was previously shown capable of radiation protective in both animals and cell cultures. The effect of hydrogen was now to be investigated on radiation-induced cutaneous. Development of dermatitis is a frequent side... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does recovery of graft function early posttransplant determine long-term graft survival in deceased donor renal transplants? | [
"Because kidneys show remarkable resilience and can recover function, we examined the impact on long-term graft survival in deceased donor renal transplants of both immediate graft function (IGF) and the rate of renal function recovery over the first 3 months after transplantation. We included all cadaveric renal t... | [
"The rate of hepatitis C virus recurrence after donation after cardiac death liver transplant is not clearly defined. This is a retrospective review of 39 donations after cardiac death-liver transplant recipients. Biopsies were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months for all hepatitis C virus positive donation after ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is duration of delayed graft function an important predictor of 1-year serum creatinine? | [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of various factors on 1-year serum creatinine (SCr) as a surrogate endpoint for allograft survival among a series of kidney transplantations performed at 2 centers. Two hundred sixty consecutive renal transplantations were included with overall mean age of 4... | [
"The effect of sex matching between donors and recipients was studied in 135 kidney transplant operations performed in our center between December 1998 and December 2007. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (63 patients, male donor-male recipient), group 2 (25 patients, male donor-female recipient), group ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is magnetic resonance imaging superior to cardiac scintigraphy to identify nonresponders to cardiac resynchronization therapy? | [
"Left ventricular (LV) postero-lateral scar and total scar burden are factors responsible for a poor response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and (99m)Tc-2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging ... | [
"Surviving myocardial cells near the infarct border zone form the arrhythmogenic substrate for sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) in humans. Infarct-related artery (IRA) patency may modulate the electrophysiological function of this arrhythmogenic substrate and its response to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. We po... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is early resuscitation with low-volume PolyDCLHb effective in the treatment of shock induced by penetrating vascular injury? | [
"To study the efficacy of an oxygen-carrying solution in early resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock induced by penetrating vascular injury. Experimental study with anesthetized rats. Severe hemorrhagic shock was induced by a 25-gauge needle puncture to the infrarenal aorta. Forty animals were resuscitated 10 minutes ... | [
"Massive transfusions can produce cardiovascular instability, metabolic abnormalities, dilutional coagulopathy, and pulmonary dysfunction. They also have been related to a higher incidence of infections. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of massive transfusion of reconstituted whole blood. Twenty c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does volemic status influence the response of plasma atrial natriuretic factor to positive airway pressure? | [
"STUDY OBJECTIVE; To evaluate interactive effects of volemic status and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in assist-controlled mechanical ventilation (MV). Three successive protocols applied in randomized order to each participant. Clinical investigation... | [
"To determine whether weight gain due to renal sodium and water retention occurs in the luteal phase of the normal menstrual cycle. Prospective observational study. Research laboratory installed with modified spa bath. Ten normal healthy women. Each subject underwent two experiments, one in each phase of the menstr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha elevated in sera of patients with benign ovarian neoplasms and epithelial ovarian cancer? | [
"Previous studies have established that soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2R alpha) levels are elevated in ascites and sera from individuals with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] Stage III/IV). This study was undertaken to evaluate sIL-2R alpha levels in ... | [
"Selenium has been shown to inhibit cancer development and growth through the mediation of selenium-binding proteins. Decreased expression of selenium-binding protein 1 has been reported in cancers of the prostate, stomach, colon, and lungs. No information, however, is available concerning the roles of selenium-bin... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does long-term angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment attenuate adrenergic responsiveness without altering hemodynamic control in patients undergoing cardiac surgery? | [
"The sympathoadrenal and the renin-angiotensin systems are involved in blood pressure regulation and are known to be markedly activated during cardiac surgery. Because unexpected hypotensive events have been reported repeatedly during anesthesia in patients chronically treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (AC... | [
"A sympatho-inhibitory effect of ACE-inhibitors and AT(1) receptor antagonists has been widely demonstrated in animal models, but in humans this effect tends only to be present during chronic treatment in conditions with pre-existing high levels of sympathetic activity. Sodium restriction increases renal sympatheti... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does ketamine antagonize nitric oxide release from cerebral cortex after middle cerebral artery ligation in rats? | [
"Ischemia or hypoxia activates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and results in nitric oxide (NO) production. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an NMDA channel blocker can inhibit NO production during ischemia. Temporary cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery ligation while c... | [
"The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable cerebrovascular endothelial barrier that maintains homeostasis between the periphery and the central nervous system. BBB disruption is a consequence of ischemic stroke and BBB permeability can be altered by infection/inflammation, but the complex cellular an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does analysis of cumulative probabilities show that the efficacy of 5HT3 antagonist prophylaxis is not maintained? | [
"Several investigators have reported that the efficacy of 5HT3 receptor antagonists is maintained over repeated cycles of chemotherapy. These investigators presented conditional probabilities of protection. Because conditional analyses by definition only include patients with protection in previous cycles, the resu... | [
"Emesis and nausea are common adverse effects of chemotherapy. Consequences include dehydration, acute renal failure, esophageal rupture, electrolyte imbalance and undernutrition, among others. First-generation 5-HT3 antagonists significantly reduce these symptoms but are expensive and require administration every ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is estimation of total creatinine clearance unreliable in children on peritoneal dialysis? | [
"To test the reliability of creatinine clearance in children on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Longitudinal, case-controlled. Routine clinic visits at the pediatric dialysis unit of the Universitätskinderklinik of Vienna. Eleven children (2-13 years, 10-55 kg) with end-stage renal disease on PD. Creatinine clearance (CC... | [
"To evaluate the impact of pre-dialysis glycemic control on clinical outcomes for type II diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). One hundred and one type II diabetic patients receiving CAPD for at least 3 months were enrolled in a single institute. The patients were classified into t... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does chest vibration redistribute intra-airway CO2 during tracheal insufflation in ventilatory failure? | [
"To determine if high-frequency external chest wall vibration added to low flow intratracheal fresh gas insufflation alters the intra-airway CO2 distribution and the resistance to CO2 transport from the lungs. Prospective study. Experimental laboratory. Six adult anesthesized and paralyzed mongrel dogs (mean weight... | [
"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease is characterised by narrowing of the airways resulting in increased airway resistance, air-trapping and respiratory acidosis. These problems might be overcome using helium-oxygen gas mixture. However, the effect of mechanical ventilation with heliox... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does small-volume resuscitation restore hemorrhage-induced microcirculatory disorders in rat pancreas? | [
"Pancreatic hypoxia/ischemia, as a consequence of shock-induced microcirculatory failure, is considered a causative factor in the initiation and/or progression of pancreatic tissue injury. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of \"small volume resuscitation\" with conventional isovolemic colloid and hyp... | [
"Adrenomedullin (ADM) has been referred to as a double-edged sword during septic shock: On one hand, ADM supplementation improved organ perfusion and function, attenuated systemic inflammation, and ultimately reduced tissue apoptosis and mortality. On the other hand, ADM overproduction can cause circulatory collaps... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is interleukin-6 production by rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells associated with metastatic potential but not with tumorigenicity? | [
"The phenotypic characteristics that allow some tumor cells to metastasize have not been fully identified. The production and/or response of tumor cells to various growth factors have been shown to distinguish cells of differing metastatic potentials. To determine (1) whether rat hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines... | [
"Pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells induce fibrosis by stimulating pancreatic stellate cells to proliferate and synthesize matrix. Desmoplastic reaction has also been observed in liver metastases of pancreatic carcinoma. Hepatic stellate cells are similar to pancreatic stellate cells and may contribute to the desmop... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is helicobacter pylori infection the major risk factor for atrophic gastritis? | [
"To evaluate the association of both Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and advancing age with increased prevalence of atrophic gastritis. Two hundred and thirty-eight subjects who had no esophagitis, peptic ulcers, or malignancies in the upper gastrointestinal tract were divided into three groups according to age:... | [
"The growth of primary low-grade B-cell gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an antigen-dependent process We were able to document the influence of Helicobacter pylori on the natural history of primary low-grade B-cell gastric MALT lymphoma in a case investigated by means of polymerase chain... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are urine but not plasma nitric oxide metabolites decreased in women with preeclampsia? | [
"Nitric oxide is a potent vasorelaxant produced by endothelial cells. We tested the hypothesis that urinary and perhaps plasma nitric oxide metabolites would be reduced in women with preeclampsia. Plasma and urine from 14 women meeting strict clinical criteria for the diagnosis of preeclampsia and 20 normal nullipa... | [
"Are interleukin-33 (IL-33) serum levels higher in women with uterine leiomyoma compared with controls without leiomyoma?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is epithelial ovarian tumors in the reproductive age group : age an independent prognostic factor? | [
"While ovarian carcinoma is rare in the reproductive age group, these younger patients are known to fare better than the older patients. To determine whether age is an independent prognostic factor, as well as to investigate the clinicopathologic profile and survival rate of young women with ovarian carcinoma, a re... | [
"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is regarded as the current treatment of choice for non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), though its efficacy is limited by high recurrence and progression rate. Identification of factor prognosticators that might be helpful in discriminating between responders and... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is systemic tacrolimus ( FK 506 ) effective for the treatment of psoriasis in a double-blind , placebo-controlled study . The European FK 506 Multicentre Psoriasis Study Group? | [
"Fifty patients with severe recalcitrant plaque-type psoriasis were randomized to receive treatment with either oral tacrolimus (FK 506) (n=27) or placebo (n=23) for 9 weeks. The two treatment groups were comparable with respect to baseline demographic data. The initial dose was 0.05 mg/kg per day and, in cases of ... | [
"To determine the proportion of T-regulatory cells (CD4 24 patients newly diagnosed for IBD were included in the study: ulcerative colitis (UC; n = 13) and Crohn's disease (CD; n = 11). Seventeen healthy controls (HC) and 16 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) served as a control group for peripheral and i... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do hormonal treatment for bleeding irregularities in Norplant implant users? | [
"Our purpose was to evaluate whether prolonged or irregular bleeding during Norplant implant use could be alleviated with the use of oral hormonal medication. One hundred fifty users of the Norplant levonorgestrel contraceptive implant with prolonged or frequent bleeding were enrolled in this prospective, randomize... | [
"Is small uterine cavity size as assessed by ultrasonography associated with bleeding problems or pain in nulligravid women using intrauterine contraception, or do other factors affect these parameters?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does triiodothyronine therapy lower the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operations? | [
"Cardiopulmonary bypass results in a euthyroid sick state, and recent evidence suggests that perioperative triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation may have hemodynamic benefits. In light of the known effects of thyroid hormone on atrial electrophysiology, we investigated the effects of perioperative T3 supplementatio... | [
"Atrial fibrillation, occurring after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), has been suggested to be associated with the development of postoperative stroke. However, it is not clear what is the incidence of atrial fibrillation-related postoperative stroke, the timing of its occurrence, and the outcome. These iss... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does lateral tunnel suture line variation reduce atrial flutter after the modified Fontan operation? | [
"Atrial flutter (AFL) is a common postoperative sequela of the modified Fontan operation, or total cavopulmonary connection. We hypothesized that injury to the crista terminalis (CT) by the lateral tunnel suture line contributes to the development of AFL in this setting. This study was designed to determine the eff... | [
"The exclusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) has been used to reduce the risk of stroke associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). While LAA exclusion has been associated with a reduced risk of stroke, the effect on the electrical activity of the LAA (a potential source of AF) remains unknown. As such, we sough... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does telephone-based nursing intervention improve the effectiveness of the informed consent process in cancer clinical trials? | [
"Here we report the results of a randomized study undertaken to test the efficacy of a supplementary, telephone-based nursing intervention in increasing patients' awareness and understanding of the clinical trials in which they are asked to participate. During a 12-month period, 180 cancer patients who were approac... | [
"Are positive experiences of different aspects of patient-centred care (PCC) associated with higher intentions to comply with fertility treatment?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do platelets from patients with diabetes mellitus have impaired ability to mediate vasodilation? | [
"The purpose of this study was to examine vasomotor responses mediated by platelets from patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which in part may be due to a variety of abnormalities reported in diabetic platelets. However, the effects... | [
"Essentials Role of platelets in immunological transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is debated. Immunological TRALI was tested in mice exhibiting severe thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction. Platelets are required to prevent lung hemorrhage but not edema formation and respiratory distress. Platelets ar... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is folate synthesized by bacteria in the human upper small intestine assimilated by the host? | [
"Some intestinal flora are known to synthesize folate. The aim of this study was to determine whether folate synthesized by small intestinal flora is assimilated by the human host. Subjects with atrophic gastritis and healthy volunteers were studied before and after omeprazole administration. A double-lumen perfusi... | [
"The regulation of apoptosis of intestinal mucosal cells is important in maintenance of normal intestinal physiology."
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is attenuation of experimental hypertension by dietary linoleic acid model dependent? | [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction of a linoleic acid enriched diet with NaCl on the development of hypertension in Dahl salt sensitive (Dahl-S) rats and in two-kidney, one-clip Sprague Dawley rats. In both experimental models, separate groups of animals were fed either linoleic acid enriche... | [
"There is accumulating evidence that coffee consumption may reduce risk for type 2 diabetes, a known risk factor for Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases. Coffee consumption is also associated with reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's dementias. However, preventive and therapeutic develop... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does topical upper airway anaesthesia with lidocaine increase airway resistance by impairing glottic function? | [
"To assess if two different forms of upper airway topical anaesthesia induce similar changes in airway flow resistance (Rrs). Serial measurements of Rrs before and after topical anaesthesia with acqueous or paste lidocaine. Lung function test laboratory. 9 normal men with documented normal lung function tests. 2 di... | [
"Inspiratory activation of the vocal cord adductor, which causes paradoxical vocal cord motion, develops in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). To confirm the hypothesis that airway reflexes trigger such paradoxical activation, we investigated the effects of tracheostomy on the adductor activation in a MSA... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is physical aggression associated with preservation of substantia nigra pars compacta in Alzheimer disease? | [
"To investigate specific neuropathologic correlates of agitation and physical aggression in Alzheimer disease (AD). Neuronal counts in the nucleus basalis, locus ceruleus, and substantia nigra were compared in the brains of patients with pathologically definite AD with or without histories of agitation or interpers... | [
"Differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders is challenging because of overlapping symptoms, especially during early stages of disease. No validated biomarkers are available for early and accurate diagnosis of multiple system atrophy and other parkinsonian disorders. It has been reported that flt3 ligand level... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is day-to-day variation in iron status indexes similar for most measures in elderly women with and without rheumatoid arthritis? | [
"To determine the day-to-day variation in biochemical measures of iron status in a group of elderly women with rheumatoid arthritis compared with a group of healthy elderly women. Venous blood samples were collected from each subject on 3 nonconsecutive days during a 2-week study period; subjects had fasted overnig... | [
"Body fat is an important source of hormones and cytokines (adipokines) that not only regulate the energy balance, but also regulate the inflammatory and immune responses. This study investigated the association of clinical conditions with serum levels of adipokines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Serum leve... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is the protective dose of the potent GPIIb/IIIa antagonist SC-54701A reduced when used in combination with aspirin and heparin in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis? | [
"Fibrinogen receptor antagonists block the fibrinogen-platelet interaction at the GPIIb/IIIa receptors and inhibit thrombus formation. SC-54701 is the active metabolite of SC-54684A, an orally fibrinogen receptor antagonist. We compared the efficacy of SC-54701A (SCa, hydrochloride salt) with that of aspirin (ASA) ... | [
"We examined the effect of Revacept, an Fc fusion protein which is specifically linked to the extracellular domain of glycoprotein VI (GPVI), on thrombus formation after vessel wall injury and on experimental stroke in mice. Several antiplatelet drugs for the treatment of myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke wi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does lidocaine reduce reperfusion injury and neutrophil migration in canine lung allografts? | [
"Depletion of neutrophils (PMNs) and inhibition of PMN endothelial adhesion ameliorate post-ischemic lung reperfusion injury. Lidocaine reduces PMN adhesion to endothelial surfaces in vivo, and inhibits upregulation of PMN-CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) in vitro. We evaluated the effect of lidocaine on reperfusion injury, PMN ... | [
"Ischemic injury in cold preserved livers is characterized by sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) detachment and matrix metalloproteinase activity. Upon reperfusion reversible ischemic injury becomes permanent with SEC rapidly undergoing apoptosis. Ischemic preconditioning prevents reperfusion injury after normotherm... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does early surgery improve the cure of aneurysm-induced oculomotor palsy? | [
"Aneurysm of the internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PCoA) is the most frequent cause of sudden unilateral oculomotor palsy. Timely surgery for the aneurysm is the most important factor for third nerve recovery. We scrutinized the world literature with nearly one thousand cases of isolated unilater... | [
"Most cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous malformations (CSdAVM) have a benign clinical course. Those CSdAVM that drain into cortical veins have an increased risk for neurologic complications. To find whether a specific clinical sign predicts cortical venous drainage (CVD) in CSdAVM. The records of 118 patients wit... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations predict survival after acute myocardial infarction? | [
"This study sought to examine whether plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels can predict prognosis after myocardial infarction. It has been suggested that concentrations of plasma brain natriuretic peptide reflect left ventricular function. Although the prognosis after myocardial infarction depends on residual lef... | [
"Elevated troponin I in the absence of angiographically visible coronary lesions is seen in up to 10-15% of those undergoing angiography for suspected coronary artery disease. This study aims to elucidate the etiology of elevated cardiac troponin I in patients with normal coronary arteries on angiography. We identi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is prostate specific antigen metabolized in the liver? | [
"The site of metabolism of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was determined. In a prospective study, during clinically indicated left and right heart catheterizations for various cardiac diseases in 12 men (mean age 62.5 +/- 8.3 years, standard deviation), selective blood samples were obtained from the infra-renal, i... | [
"Are levels of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) affected by the presence of endometriosis?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is mitoxantrone effective in treating childhood T-cell lymphoma/T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia? | [
"T-cell malignancies in childhood are highly malignant diseases usually treated with intensive multidrug chemotherapy. In these regimens, anthracyclines, which are considerably cardiotoxic, are used. Mitoxantrone is structurally related to the anthracyclines, but it is considered to be less cardiotoxic. Therefore, ... | [
"The SET gene is a target of chromosomal translocations in acute leukemia and encodes a widely expressed multifunctional phosphoprotein. It has been shown that SET is upregulated in BCR-ABL1-positive cell lines, patient-derived chronic myeloid leukemia CD34-positive cells, and some solid tumors. We determined the e... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does acute exposure to carbon monoxide affect plasma lipids , lipoproteins , and apolipoproteins? | [
"To examine the effects of acute exposure to carbon monoxide and hypoxia on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Random-order assignment to blinded, inhaled exposures of carbon monoxide and hypoxia. Research laboratory of ambulatory subjects. 10 elderly, male nonsmokers with chronic stable angina. Rand... | [
"Although there have been numerous studies on the effects of thyroid hormones on serum lipid profiles, the effects of thyroxine on intermediate how density lipoprotein (IDL) remain uncertain. In an attempt to clarify, this issue, under conditions with very little influence exerted by sex hormones on serum lipid pro... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does transforming growth factor beta 1 improve wound healing and random flap survival in normal and irradiated rats? | [
"To evaluate the effect of chronic irradiation on wound healing and random flap survival (FV), and the effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in this setting using an animal model. A randomized, controlled study with four groups of rats to study the effect of irradiation 4 months before surgical i... | [
"Chronic wounds, particularly in diabetics, result in significant morbidity and mortality and have a profound economic impact. The authors demonstrate that pulsed electromagnetic fields significantly improve both diabetic and normal wound healing in 66 mice through up-regulation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does what explain the variation in the direct costs of graduate medical education? | [
"There is considerable variation in the costs of training residents across hospitals. Previous studies have reported training costs that ranged for $7,500 to $200,000 per resident, with means in the $50,000 to $60,000 range. This paper examines the factors associated with the variation in the direct costs of reside... | [
"Tom Friedman, in his book,\"The World is Flat,\" makes a very persuasive argument that our current economic policy transcends national boundaries. Friedman describes various processes that prove his point. These include workflow software, open sourcing, outsourcing, off-shoring, supply chaining, in-sourcing, and i... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does a histological comparison of 50 % and 70 % glycolic acid peel using solutions with various pHs? | [
"Seventy percent glycolic acid solutions are being commonly used as superficial chemical peeling agents. The pH of these solutions ranges from 0.08 to 2.75. The histologic effects of these various pH solutions on human skin have not been studied. The histologic effects of several commercially available glycolic aci... | [
"Since antiquity, Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) fruit oil (PLFO) has been used as a remedy for primary health care such as burn treatment. This study assesses the healing effect of PLFO on CO The study was carried out on 18 adult male Wistar rats. A second-degree laser burn (wound area = 2.2 cm After eight ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does preoperative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostate specific antigen predict treatment failure following radical prostatectomy? | [
"We previously demonstrated than an enhanced reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for prostate specific antigen (PSA) can predict final pathological stage in radical prostatectomy patients. The potential role of the assay in predicting serum PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy was explored. ... | [
"Chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in the management of prostate cancer in patients with androgen-independent metastatic disease, however, a survival benefit has not been demonstrated yet. Docetaxel alone or in combination with estramustine has been shown to exhibit a high level of activity in the treatme... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is the ileal ureter neobladder associated with a high success and a low complication rate? | [
"Several different methods to construct a bladder substitute after cystectomy have been described. We evaluated our experience with the Studer ileal ureter neobladder during the last 5 years. We reviewed retrospectively the results in 32 patients who underwent construction of a slightly modified ileal neobladder fr... | [
"Several surgical techniques are available to treat anterior urethral stricture. The choice of surgical technique largely depends on the severity of stricture disease. The U-score (urethral stricture score) is based on urethral stricture characteristics, namely length (1 to 3 points), number (1 or 2 points), locati... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does in vitro fertilization improve pregnancy rates for sperm obtained by rectal probe ejaculation? | [
"We evaluated semen quality and pregnancy rates achieved with sperm obtained by rectal probe ejaculation. A series of 183 rectal probe ejaculation procedures performed by 1 of us (J. F. E.) on 40 anejaculatory men was reviewed. Motile sperm were recovered from 95% of men undergoing rectal probe ejaculation. Live bi... | [
"Several sperm retrieval techniques are available for use on azoospeermic men. Comparisons between spermatozoa retrieved from the testicles and epididymis in relation to pregnancy and miscarriage rates are not well established. To compare pregnancy and miscarriage rates using sperm retrieved from the testes and epi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are teratoma in the orchiectomy specimen and volume of metastasis predictors of retroperitoneal teratoma in low stage nonseminomatous testis cancer? | [
"We determined whether teratomatous elements in the orchiectomy specimen predict for teratoma in the retroperitoneum in patients who have not received chemotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with clinical stages A, B and B2 nonseminoma who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. T... | [
"We review the rationale for the use of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage I nonseminomatous testis cancer. The published literature regarding the alternative treatments for clinical stage I nonseminoma was reviewed as well as the personal experience of the authors to define the role of retrop... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do early-onset alcoholics have lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels than late-onset alcoholics? | [
"We investigated the interrelationships of age at onset of excessive alcohol consumption, family history of alcoholism, psychiatric comorbidity, and cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolite concentrations in abstinent, treatment-seeking alcoholics. We studied 131 recently abstinent alcoholics. Supervised abstinence... | [
"Dementia is closely connected with frailty, and these two conditions are common in older adults. However, the biological mechanism that causes frailty in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not fully understood. We determined whether oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms could be associated with physi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is erbB-2 expression correlated with poor prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma? | [
"It has been reported that the c-erbB-2 protooncogene is frequently amplified and overexpressed in many types of cancers, except sarcomas and hematological malignancies. Expression of ErbB-2 in the tumors of 26 patients with conventional osteosarcoma was evaluated by immunoblotting. DNA from osteosarcoma tissues th... | [
"Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is involved in many physiologic processes, it often promotes metastasis, and its high expression is correlated with poor prognosis. In the present study, we analyzed the correlation between transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression and prognosis in intrahepatic cholan... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do younger women with breast carcinoma have a poorer prognosis than older women? | [
"It is controversial whether breast cancer in young women is more aggressive than in older women. This study was initiated to determine age-associated outcome of women with breast carcinoma. Patients with breast carcinoma, who were identified in a statewide tumor registry, were divided into age groups based on 10-y... | [
"Several studies indicated that the diagnosis season affects the prognosis of some cancers, such as examples in the prostate, colon and breast This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether the diagnosis and recurrent season impacts the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. From January 2005 to Au... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine prevent stricture formation in a rat model of colitis? | [
"Polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine stimulates collagen breakdown in experimental models of liver cirrhosis. Bowel strictures are characterized by excess deposition of collagen in the intestinal wall. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine in the prevention of bo... | [
"Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions are common complications after abdominal surgery. The exact molecular mechanisms that are responsible for these complications remain unclear, and there are no effective methods for preventing adhesion formation or reformation. The aim of the study reported here was to invest... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does lysophosphatidylcholine increase 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase gene expression in CaCo-2 cells? | [
"The small intestine plays an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. The aim of this study was to examine the regulation of cholesterol synthesis by lysophosphatidylcholine in intestinal cells. CaCo-2 cells cultured on semipermeable supports were incubated with taurocholate and lysophosphatidylcholine, and chol... | [
"Rhizoma coptidis (Huanglian in Chinese) is commonly used in Chinese folk medicine to treat diarrhea, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and tumors. This herb has increasingly gained attention because of its use as a hypolipidemic herb. Berberine (BBR) is the most important constituent of R. coptidis that contr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do tumor necrosis factor microsatellites define a Crohn 's disease-associated haplotype on chromosome 6? | [
"HLA class II associations have been described in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and may be markers for other closely linked genes that are involved in disease pathogenesis. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus, which contains the genes for TNF-alpha and TNF-beta, is located on chromosome 6 withi... | [
"A psoriasis susceptibility locus on chromosome 16q was identified recently. This region coincides with a locus predisposing to Crohn's disease. Patients with Crohn's disease have a fivefold greater relative risk for development of psoriasis. In Crohn's disease mutation of the caspase recruitment domain family, mem... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is stellate ganglion block associated with increased tibial nerve muscle sympathetic activity in humans? | [
"Left stellate ganglion block has been shown to increase heart rate and blood pressure, possible because of blockage of afferent vagal fibers from arterial baroreceptors in the aortic arch. Because efferent muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is influenced by the arterial baroreflex, the hypothesis that left s... | [
"The aim of the study was to determine the degree of neuropathy (autonomic and somatic) in patients with diabetes mellitus with or without Charcot osteoarthropathy (CA). Forty-nine patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 were investigated. The patient population of interest was the patients with acute Charcot f... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does lidocaine attenuate the hypotensive and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia in rabbits? | [
"To assess the effects of lidocaine on the hemodynamic and inflammatory responses to Escherichia coli endotoxemia in rabbits. Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study. University laboratory. Twenty-seven female Japanese rabbits, anesthetized with urethane and ventilated mechanically. Animals were rand... | [
"The nervous system, through the vagus nerve, can down-regulate inflammation in vivo by decreasing the release of tumor necrosis factor- alpha by endotoxin-stimulated macrophages. This anti-inflammatory effect is mediated by an interaction between acetylcholine, the principal neurotransmitter of the vagus nerve, an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with nonsmoking behavior? | [
"Seventy percent of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) have concomitant ulcerative colitis. Smoking and previous appendectomy may protect against ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study was to examine these factors in patients with PSC. Fifty-nine patients with PSC, 130 patients with ulcerative co... | [
"The overlap syndrome between primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis is an extremely rare condition that has been reported in only six published cases so far. Here we report two cases showing the clinical manifestations of both primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. In o... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does keratinocyte growth factor ameliorate mucosal injury in an experimental model of colitis in rats? | [
"Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is known to enhance tissue repair in the skin; however, its role in the gastrointestinal tract is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exogenous KGF in an experimental model of colitis in rats. KGF was administered before or after induction of colit... | [
"The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is a constituent of the human gastric microbiota. Chronic infection with H. pylori causes gastritis and predisposes to gastric carcinoma but has also been inversely linked to various allergic and chronic inflammatory conditions. In particular, large meta-analyses hav... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is epirubicin , cisplatin , and continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil an active and safe regimen for patients with advanced gastric cancer . An Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer ( GISCAD ) report? | [
"A Phase II confirmatory multicenter trial was performed to evaluate a combination of epirubicin, cisplatin, and continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil (ECF) in treating patients with advanced gastric cancer. Fifty-three patients with locally advanced (n = 7) or metastatic (n = 46) gastric cancer received a dose of epi... | [
"To review the management of Wilms' tumour. A search of the literature was performed using the PubMed database (1966 to May 2006) with the search terms 'Wilms' and either 'tumour/tumor' or 'cancer' or 'carcinoma'. This was augmented by manual searches of publications. The success of clinical trials in Wilms' tumour... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does the glycosylation profile of interleukin-2 activated human lymphocytes correlate to their anti-tumor activity? | [
"Natural killer cells display spontaneous, non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity against tumour cells, which is strongly enhanced after incubation with IL-2. The molecular background of the increased anti-tumour activity of these lymphokine-activated killer cells is still only partly understood. In this paper, investigat... | [
"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived stem cells share immunosuppressive capacities, suggesting that the latter could be a general property of stromal cells. To check this hypothesis, we compared human BM-MSC and fibroblasts for their in vitro multi-potentiality, expandability and... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does diltiazem enhance the effects of triazolam by inhibiting its metabolism? | [
"Triazolam is metabolized by CYP3A4. Diltiazem is an inhibitor of this isozyme and interacts with midazolam, another substrate of this enzyme. Therefore the possible interaction between triazolam and diltiazem is worth investigation. A balanced, randomized, double-blind crossover study design was used, with an inte... | [
"Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is widely used for anesthetic induction as well as for chronic sedation in intensive care units. In this study, we investigated the interaction between propofol and premedications, i.e., psychotropic and antianxiety agents (diazepam, midazolam), hypnotics (thiamylal), local anesthe... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does the Malone antegrade colonic enema enhance the quality of life in children undergoing urological incontinence procedures? | [
"Functional alterations of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and physical limitations in children with spina bifida, imperforate anus and spinal cord injury challenge the ability to have independent fecal and urinary continence. Urologists have successfully helped these patients achieve urinary contine... | [
"Construction of a continent catheterizable urinary reservoir or an orthotopic bladder substitute requires substantial bowel resection, which can cause changes in bowel transit time. The reported incidence of chronic diarrhea after ileocecal resection is about 20%. Studies assessing bowel function after resection o... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are urinary nitric oxide synthase activity and cyclic GMP levels decreased with interstitial cystitis and increased with urinary tract infections? | [
"Since urinary nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity correlates with certain disease process affecting the urinary tract and since nitric oxide increases cyclic GMP levels by activating guanylyl cyclase, urinary particulate NOS activity and cyclic GMP levels are evaluated in female patients with interstitial cystiti... | [
"Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with voiding symptoms in humans and animals, and yet its effects on the urinary tract are poorly understood. We examined bladder structure and function, markers of oxidative damage and the redox survival pathway in a rat model of obstructive sleep apnea to identify changes. To... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is weight change between age 50 years and old age associated with risk of hip fracture in white women aged 67 years and older? | [
"Although changes in body weight with aging are common, little is known about the effects of weight change on health in old age. To study the effects of weight loss and weight gain from age 50 years to old age on the risk of hip fracture among postmenopausal white women aged 67 years and older and to determine if t... | [
"Early maternal age at first birth and elevated parity may have long-term consequences for the health of women as they age. Both are known risk factors for obstetrical complications with lifelong associated morbidities. They may also be related to diabetes and cardiovascular disease development. We examine the rela... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does systemic treatment in the rat with epidermal growth factor cause polycystic growth of the ovaries? | [
"It has previously been suggested that epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays a role in the function of the ovary. We administered systemic EGF to assess the influence of EGF receptor stimulation on the morphology of the ovaries. Forty-eight female Wistar rats were allocated to five groups receiving EGF treatment (150... | [
"Secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure is one of the most frequently encountered disorders of calcium homeostasis, characterized by parathyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia. It is important to understand the pathogenesis of parathyroid epithelial cell hyperplasia and to determine the factors involve... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does [ Initial experiences with dilatation of dialysis shunt with color-coded duplex ultrasonography monitoring ]? | [
"Aim of the study was to evaluate the technical aspects of colour coded duplex sonography guided interventions of peripheral vessels. During 15 months 39 stenoses of shunt veins in 24 patients were dilated guided by colour coded duplex sonography. 38 stenoses were dilated without complications. The blood flow volum... | [
"A case of focal damage to the iris with distortion of the pupil secondary to PhotoDerm therapy in a 2-year-old boy is reported. To study ocular complication of photoDerm VL therapy for facial port-wine stain. METHODS. : Observatory case report. PhotoDerm VL therapy may damage ocular tissues."
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is estrogen receptor expression a common feature of ovarian borderline tumors? | [
"The presence of estrogen receptor (ER) and its therapeutic significance in ovarian borderline tumors (OBT) have not been established. We recently observed a response to tamoxifen therapy given empirically to a patient with unresectable, recurrent serous borderline tumor (SBT). In view of this observation the prese... | [
"To investigate the role of cyclin G1 and cyclin B1 in ovarian tumorigenesis. We examined cyclin B1 and G1 expression in 58 epithelial ovarian cancer, 18 low-malignant-potential ovarian tumors, and 6 normal ovarian epithelium samples using immunohistochemistry. We also examined cyclin G1 and p53 expression in 7 epi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are patterns and behavior of transient myocardial ischemia in stable coronary disease the same in both men and women : a comparative study? | [
"This study sought to compare the circadian variations in transient ischemic activity, mean heart rate and ischemic threshold between women and men with coronary artery disease. There is a circadian variation in ischemic activity, onset of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary art... | [
"Myocardial damage that is associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) partially affects the results of the procedure, and is related to medium-term cardiovascular death. Remote postischemic conditioning might reduce the myocardial lesions that are associated with PCI, but perhaps less so in diabetics.... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does aminoguanidine prevent the decreased myocardial compliance produced by streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats? | [
"A decreased cardiac compliance is a major feature of the cardiomyopathy of diabetes mellitus. Either an increase in the resistance afterload to the LV or an increase in collagen cross-linking induced by the formation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) of collagen may be responsible for the stiff myocard... | [
"Aliskiren is the first in a new class of orally active direct renin inhibitors, approved for the treatment of hypertension. However, the efficacy of aliskiren in diabetic cardiovascular complications remains to be defined. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that aliskiren may enhance the beneficial effects of... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does magnetic resonance imaging correlate of transient cerebral ischemic attacks? | [
"MRI of patients with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) may provide more detailed morphological insights than CT. We therefore studied the frequency and type of TIA-related infarcts shown by MRI, examined the utility of intravenous contrast material, and searched for potential predictors of infarct occurrence. We p... | [
"To explore the relationship between hypoperfusion, embolism, and brain infarction. We studied 4 situations in which brain infarction is related to hypoperfusion: extracranial and intracranial occlusive vascular disease, reduced functional vascular reserve in patients with carotid artery occlusive disease, reduced ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does the synthetic phosphagen cyclocreatine phosphate inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of solid tumors? | [
"The brain isoform of creatine kinase (CKBB), an enzyme involved in energy metabolism, has been implicated in cellular transformation process. Cyclocreatine (CCr), a creatine kinase (CK) substrate analogue, was shown to inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of solid tumors expressing high levels of CK. Cyclocreati... | [
"by reducing the number of ATP molecules produced via aerobic glycolysis, the inhibition of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) should hinder the growth of neoplastic cells without damaging the normal cells which do not rely on this metabolic pathway for their energetic needs. Here, we studied the effect of oxamic and tartr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does analysis of RET protooncogene point mutations distinguish heritable from nonheritable medullary thyroid carcinomas? | [
"The distinction of sporadic from inherited medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) is of clinical importance because of the differences in prognosis, and the need for family screening for genetic counseling required in the latter. Germline mutations in the RET protooncogene are associated with multiple endocrine neopl... | [
"Phospholipase C beta 3 (PLCB3) plays an important role in the signal transduction of the seven transmembrane receptors. The gene is located in the vicinity of the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene on chromosome 11q13. Transfection of PLCB3 to neuroendocrine cell lines lacking expression suppresses th... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does seminal plasma of spinal cord injured men inhibit sperm motility of normal men? | [
"Seminal plasma was investigated as a contributor to the poor sperm motility of spinal cord injured men. Seminal plasma of spinal cord injured men was mixed with sperm of normal men and vice versa. Sperm motility was analyzed at 5 and 60 minutes after mixing. At 5 (but not 60) minutes seminal plasma from spinal cor... | [
"Are there quantitative alterations in the proteome of normozoospermic sperm samples that are able to complete IVF but whose female partner does not achieve pregnancy?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is olsalazine contraindicated during pelvic radiation therapy : results of a double-blind , randomized clinical trial? | [
"A randomized clinical trial from Great Britain suggested a possible beneficial effect of acetylsalicylate in the prevention of radiation-induced bowel toxicity. Olsalazine is an orally administered drug designed to deliver 5-aminosalicylate to the large bowel with minimal systemic absorption. A randomized clinical... | [
"Poor pouch function is associated with impaired bile acid absorption and increased faecal loss of bile acids. Bile acid replacement therapy might therefore be of clinical benefit, provided that diarrhoea is not aggravated by therapy. To investigate the role of exogenous bile acid therapy in patients with poor pouc... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is pseudocholinesterase-mediated hydrolysis superior to neostigmine for reversal of mivacurium-induced paralysis in vitro? | [
"The metabolic hydrolysis of mivacurium (and succinylcholine) is markedly impaired in the presence of hereditary or acquired defects of pseudocholinesterase. Clinical reports are conflicting as to the utility of anticholinesterases, in the reversal of mivacurium paralysis. In the current study, the role of exogenou... | [
"To determine the influence of aging on the efficacy and safety of doxacurium. Open, randomized, phase III study. Inpatient ophthalmic surgery clinic at a university medical center. 30 elderly patients (65 years or older) compared with a control group of 30 younger patients (18 to 64 years). An elective ophthalmolo... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does inhibition of the biologic activity of tumor necrosis factor maintain vascular endothelial cell function during hyperdynamic sepsis? | [
"Although vascular endothelial cell function (i.e., the release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide) decreases and plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) increases during sepsis, it is not known whether the elevated TNF is responsible for the depression of endothelial cell function under such conditions. The aim of thi... | [
"Corticosteroid therapy is frequently used in septic patients given the rationale that there is an increased demand for corticosteroid in sepsis, and up to 60% of severe septic patients experience adrenal insufficiency. However, the efficacy of corticosteroid therapy and whether the therapy should be based on the r... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does neither dopamine nor dobutamine reverse the depression in mesenteric blood flow caused by positive end-expiratory pressure? | [
"Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been shown to cause a depression of mesenteric blood flow (MBF) and redistribution of blood flow away from the mesenteric vascular bed. We sought to determine whether two commonly used vasoactive agents, dopamine, a known mesenteric vasodilator and inotrope, and dobutami... | [
"There is a marked decrease of the right ventricular ejection fraction after the administration of a bolus of endotoxin to sheep. This hemodynamic response may be the result of thromboxane-mediated pulmonary hypertension. Right ventricular function was studied in an ovine model after the administration of endotoxin... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does practice setting and physician influence on judgments of colon cancer treatment by community physicians? | [
"This article compares judgments about the treatment of Dukes' B2 and C colon cancer made by general surgeons to those of internists and family practitioners. Physician and practice variables were specialty, affiliation with a Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) hospital, time in practice, professional centr... | [
"With growing evidence that some men with prostate cancer (PCa) may be overtreated, clinicians need greater knowledge of the factors that influence uptake of treatment recommendations in general, and specifically, uptake of active surveillance in patients for whom this is an appropriate treatment option. The object... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is sialosyl Tn antigen expression associated with the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer? | [
"Several studies have revealed a correlation between sialosyl Tn antigen (STN) and certain clinicopathologic features of various cancers, and that STN is an independent prognostic factor. However, the clinical significance of the expression of STN in gastric cancer has not been reported. Thus, the purpose of this s... | [
"SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1/Hevin), a member of the SPARC family is defined by the presence of a highly acidic domain-I, a follistatin-like domain, and an extracellular calcium (EC) binding domain. SPARCL1 has been shown to be down-regulated in many types of cancer and may serve as a negative regulator of cell g... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does chair design affect how older adults rise from a chair? | [
"To determine how modifications of key chair design aspects, such as seat height, posterior seat tilt, backrest recline, seat compressibility, and armrest placement, affect how older adults rise from a chair and the seating comfort they experience. Cross-sectional comparison. Congregate housing facility and univers... | [
"In numerous countries worldwide, fall prevention among older adults is a major public health issue. For older adults, regular participation in moderate physical activity or exercise lowers the risks of falls. However, scant information is available regarding the prevention strategies that the most at-risk groups m... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does iced temperature injectate for thermodilution cardiac output determination cause minimal effects on cardiodynamics? | [
"Controversy exists regarding the ideal injectate temperature for measuring cardiac output. Iced temperature injectate gives a higher signal/noise ratio and less variability in the measured cardiac output. Thus, less volume and fewer measurements are required. Advocates of room temperature injectate have suggested ... | [
"The deterioration of hemodynamics instantly endangers the patients' life after polytrauma. As accidental hypothermia frequently occurs in polytrauma, therapeutic hypothermia still displays an ambivalent role as the impact on the cardiopulmonary function is not yet fully understood. We have previously established a... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is [ A single positive prostatic biopsy out of six systematic biopsies correlated with the intracapsular nature of the tumor on an individual level ]? | [
"To evaluate whether or not a single positive prostatic biopsy out of six systematic ultrasound-guided biopsies, is reliably correlated manner with favourable histopathological features of the tumour on the radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen. In a series of 158 patients undergoing RP for clinically localized prost... | [
"To determine whether the method of specimen preparation after transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate affected core fragmentation, and secondly to determine whether such fragmentation was influenced by the presence of malignancy in the biopsy specimen. A prospective randomized study comparing 2 differ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does systemic endothelin receptor blockade decrease peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure in humans? | [
"Although local inhibition of the generation or actions of endothelin-1 has been shown to cause forearm vasodilatation, the systemic effects of endothelin receptor blockade in healthy humans are unknown. We therefore investigated the cardiovascular effects of a potent peptide endothelin ETA/B receptor antagonist, T... | [
"In cirrhotic patients with renal failure, renal blood flow autoregulation curve is shifted to the right, which is consequent upon sympathetic nervous system activation and endothelial dysfunction. Albumin infusion improves renal function in cirrhosis by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. We aimed to dete... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does etoposide achieve potentially cytotoxic concentrations in CSF of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia? | [
"Although epipodophyllotoxins are commonly used in contemporary treatment regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), their potential role in CNS-directed therapy has received little attention. We prospectively studied 20 children during initial remission of ALL and 16 children at relapse to assess CSF penetra... | [
"Treatment of central nervous system relapse in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a challenge and outcome is poor. Liposomal cytarabine has a prolonged half-life and, given intrathecally, has produced high response rates in patients with central nervous system relapse of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The aim of this ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does extent of oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein determine the degree of cytotoxicity to human coronary artery cells? | [
"To assess whether the extent of LDL oxidation influences its cytotoxic effects, thus contributing to its atherogenic potential. The effects of native and modified LDL on cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC) and endothelial cells (ECs) were investigated. Four indices of cytotoxicity were studied... | [
"Atherosclerosis and restenosis are inflammatory responses involving free radicals and lipid peroxidation and may be prevented/cured by antioxidant-mediated lipid peroxidation inhibition. Salvianolic acid (Sal B), a water-soluble antioxidant obtained from a Chinese medicinal herb, is believed to have multiple preve... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is cA-125 elevated in viable pregnancies destined to be miscarried : a prospective longitudinal study? | [
"To assess the predictive value of E2, hCG, CA-125, and morphometric parameters in early pregnancies with demonstrable fetal heartbeat, complicated by bleeding. Prospective longitudinal follow-up. The emergency service of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \"Rebecca Sieff\" Hospital, Safed, Israel. Twenty... | [
"The aim of this study is to examine the hypothesis that prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM) is associated with increased cord blood erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations, proportional to the duration of ruptured membranes. This study is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational (noninterventional) cohort study... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does intensity of murmurs correlate with severity of valvular regurgitation? | [
"To evaluate the relationship between the intensity of murmurs and severity of mitral and aortic regurgitation. Consecutive patients with chronic isolated aortic (n = 40) or mitral (n = 170) regurgitation undergoing echocardiographic quantitation of regurgitation between 1990 and 1991 were studied. Regurgitant volu... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does hypertonic saline improve brain resuscitation in a pediatric model of head injury and hemorrhagic shock? | [
"Brain injury accompanied by hypovolemic shock is a frequent cause of death in multiply injured children. Hypertonic saline (HTS) has been shown to return hemodynamics to normal in adult models, without increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) as seen with crystalloids. To assess fluid resuscitation, the authors eval... | [
"Traumatic brain injury results in significant morbidity and mortality and is associated with infectious complications, particularly pneumonia. However, whether traumatic brain injury directly impacts the host response to pneumonia is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the nature of the relations... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is reactivity to alpha agonists heightened in immature porcine pulmonary arteries? | [
"Pulmonary hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass is a common problem in pediatric cardiac operations. This study tested the hypothesis that there is a difference between adult and immature pulmonary artery constrictor and dilator responses. Reactivity of pulmonary artery ring segments from 22 mature (15 to 19 w... | [
"Pulmonary hypertension and persistent fetal circulation contribute to the high mortality rate associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Morphological alterations of the pulmonary vasculature in infants with CDH are thought to contribute to exaggerated vasoconstrictor responses to normal vasoconstricto... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is tumorigenic behaviour of c-Ha-ras oncogene transfected CaCo 2 cells associated with increased proteolytic potency? | [
"Point mutations within the family of the ras genes are detected in approximately 50% of human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Therefore, it is generally accepted that the occurrence of ras-point mutations constitute an important step in colorectal carcinogenesis. In addition, many studies have demonstrated tha... | [
"Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of gastric cancer but the molecular mechanisms responsible are not well understood. Gastric cells chronically exposed to H pylori in vitro develop resistance to apoptosis associated with low levels of p27, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor and haplo insufficient t... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is five-day course of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with prolonged neutropenia after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer a safe and cost-effective schedule to maintain dose-intensity? | [
"To analyze the safety and efficacy of a short course of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to maintain dose-intensity of subsequent cycles of chemotherapy after a prior episode of prolonged neutropenia, without febrile complications, in patients receiving adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. Thirty-two... | [
"This article reviews the recent seminal studies in esophagogastric cancer. Regular low aspirin use may reduce the risk of esophagogastric cancer. Laparoscopic resection of locally advanced gastric cancer appears equivalent to open resection. There is no survival benefit for the addition of postoperative radiation ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does p53 and bcl-2 expression correlate with clinical outcome in a series of node-positive breast cancer patients? | [
"The tumor-suppressor gene TP53 and the proto-oncogene bcl-2 encode, respectively, for a nuclear phosphoprotein and for a mitochondrial protein involved in multiple cellular functions. The proteins provide prognostic information in node-negative breast cancer and are supposed to influence treatment responsiveness. ... | [
"Patients diagnosed with stage II and III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have variable prognosis. This group would benefit greatly from the discovery of prognostic markers that are capable of identifying individuals for whom adjuvant treatment would be advantageous. The aim of this study was to investiga... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do volatile anesthetics selectively inhibit the Ca ( 2+ ) -transporting ATPase in neuronal and erythrocyte plasma membranes? | [
"The activity of the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-transporting adenosine triphosphatase (PMCA) is inhibited by volatile anesthetics at clinical concentrations. The goal of the current study was to determine whether the inhibition is selective as compared to other adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) and another group of g... | [
"Isoflurane induces cell apoptosis by an unknown mechanism. The authors hypothesized that isoflurane activates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, causing excessive calcium release, triggering apoptosis. The authors determined isoflurane-induced cytotoxicity by m... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is endothelial cell proliferation suppressed by plasma but not serum from women with preeclampsia? | [
"Evidence has been sought for a circulating factor derived from the placenta that suppresses endothelial cell proliferation and hence contributes to the maternal endothelial cell disturbances of preeclampsia. The effects of sera and plasmas from women with proteinuric preeclampsia and from matched normal pregnant c... | [
"Plasma levels of thrombomodulin are increased in diseases associated with microangiopathia. The target of this study was to examine whether plasma thrombomodulin is also influenced by macroangiopathia. There was no variation of plasma thrombomodulin in a sample of 183 diabetic patients with or without peripheral a... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does prostaglandin E2 content in residual gastric juice reflect endoscopic damage to the gastric mucosa after naproxen sodium administration? | [
"The diagnostic potential of residual gastric juice for development of naproxen sodium-induced mucosal damage has not been explored. We studied prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content in residual gastric juice before and after naproxen sodium administration and assessed relationships with endoscopic mucosal damage. Thirty ... | [
"Treatment with H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) induces hypergastrinemia and causes rebound hypersecretion of gastric acid after treatment, and during treatment with H2RAs tolerance develops. In the present study we investigated whether a treatment period with a PPI induced toleran... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is microvessel density a prognostic indicator for patients with astroglial brain tumors? | [
"Microvessel density in tumors, a measure of angiogenesis, has been shown to be a prognostic indicator that correlates with an increased risk of metastasis in various epithelial cancers and with overall and relapse free survival in patients with breast cancer. Astrocytic brain tumors, particularly malignant astrocy... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does rapid ventricular pacing produce myocardial protection by nonischemic activation of KATP+ channels? | [
"Rapid ventricular pacing reduces the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias during a subsequent sustained period of ischemia and reperfusion. We investigated whether rapid ventricular pacing also limits myocardial infarction and determined the role of KATP+ channels in the protection afforded by ventricular pacing. ... | [
"Diabetes mellitus and obesity, which confer an increased risk of sudden cardiac death, are associated with cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation and altered cardiac electric properties, manifested by prolongation of the QRS duration and QT interval. It is difficult to distinguish the contribution of cardiomyocyte lipid... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does basic fibroblast growth factor restore endothelium-dependent responses after balloon injury of rabbit arteries? | [
"After experimental angioplasty, partial or complete reendothelialization of the denuded surface occurs; the function of the regenerated endothelium has, however, been shown to be abnormal. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is mitogenic for endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. We investigated whether chronic... | [
"Grafting veins into the arterial circulation causes endothelial damage and neointimal hyperplasia. However, the remodelling of vein grafts and the contribution of the endothelium is not well understood. Since nitric oxide (NO) has a crucial role in vascular function, we investigated the importance of NO synthases ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does overexpression or mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene occur in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors? | [
"The p53 tumor suppressor gene has been well studied in epithelial ovarian cancers. However, little is known of the expression of this gene in ovarian germ cell tumors. The authors attempted to investigate whether p53 alterations occurred in this group of tumors. Twenty-two patients with malignant ovarian germ cell... | [
"Stimulation of resting cells by growth factors leads to an increase in the rate of protein synthesis, which is necessary for cell growth and division. Translation initiation factor eIF-2alpha is one of the key translation factors mediating the effects of growth factors on protein synthesis. In normal cells, expres... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is nitric oxide involved in flow-induced dilation of isolated human small fetoplacental arteries? | [
"The aim of this study was to determine the dilation that occurs in response to increments of intraluminal flow in isolated human small fetoplacental arteries and to investigate the role played by nitric oxide. Small fetoplacental arteries (mean luminal diameter 482 +/- 31 micrometers, n = 17, at zero flow and pres... | [
"The aim was to examine differences in the vascular response to alpha adrenoceptor stimulation on both smooth muscle and endothelium among large arteries perfusing various organs. In ring preparations of coronary, carotid, iliac, mesenteric, and renal arteries from pigs (n = 24), the magnitudes of contraction to no... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does cellular proliferative fraction of metastatic lymph nodes predict survival in stage D1 ( TxN+M0 ) prostate cancer? | [
"We assessed the ability of tumor cellular proliferative fraction to predict long-term survival among patients with lymphatic metastases from prostate cancer. We studied 50 patients with stage D1 (TxN+M0) prostate cancer who underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy and 125iodine seed implantation between 1970 and 1978. We ... | [
"Changes in rectal cancer treatment include increasing emphasis on organ preservation. Local excision after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer with excellent clinical response reduces morbidity and mortality compared to total mesorectal excision, although residual lymph node metastases (LNM) may cause local ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is black race an adverse prognostic factor for prostate cancer recurrence following radical prostatectomy in an equal access health care setting? | [
"We determined if black men with clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate have the same recurrence-free outcome following radical prostatectomy, and whether they have similar preoperative, operative and pathological characteristics as white men in an equal access health care environment. We studied conse... | [
"I review the data published during the last 5 years on the effects of early treatment of prostate cancer on survival. Data from prospective and randomized studies as well as from population-based studies are presented. Two studies (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Radiation Therapy On... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are p53 immunohistochemical and genetic alterations associated at high incidence with post-irradiated locally persistent prostate carcinoma? | [
"Several reports have shown that cells with p53 mutations display increased resistance to ionizing radiation, a treatment often used clinically for localized prostate carcinoma. Totals of 18 post-irradiated locally recurrent prostatic carcinoma specimens and 25 (no radiation) stage D1 node-positive (TxN+MO) primary... | [
"The genomic region 17q21 is frequently associated with microsatellite instability and LOH in cancer, including gastric and colorectal carcinomas. This region contains several putative tumor suppressor genes, including Brca1, NM23, prohibitin, and spinophilin (Spn, PPP1R9B, neurabin II). The scaffold protein Spn is... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does tirilazad protect rat brain from brachytherapy-induced injury? | [
"Acute and chronic brain injury are common sequelae of high-dose focused radiation, as in radiosurgery and brachytherapy. Development of protectors of radiation injury, which would work in brain but not in tumor, would help enhance the therapeutic ratio of focused-radiation therapy. Radiation protection by a clinic... | [
"Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a major medical problem for which there is no effective treatment. Oxidative and cytotoxic damage plays an important role in ICH pathogenesis and may represent a target for treatment of ICH. Recent studies have suggested that nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do pontine cholinergic mechanisms modulate the cortical electroencephalographic spindles of halothane anesthesia? | [
"Halothane anesthesia causes spindles in the electroencephalogram (EEG), but the cellular and molecular mechanisms generating these spindles remain incompletely understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that halothane-induced EEG spindles are regulated, in part, by pontine cholinergic mechanisms. Adult ma... | [
"We studied the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of the novel neuropeptide orexin A on electroencephalogram (EEG) and autonomic nervous system activity in rats under isoflurane anesthesia. The administration of orexin A changed burst suppression patterns to arousal patterns on the EEG at 1.0 minimum alv... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is prognosis in posttraumatic acute renal failure adversely influenced by hypotension and hyperkalaemia? | [
"To see if it is possible to predict mortality in isolated post-traumatic acute renal failure. Retrospective study 1984-1990 inclusive. Teaching hospital, South Africa. Thirty-nine patients who developed isolated post-traumatic acute renal failure out of 106526 admissions for trauma. Standard aggressive management ... | [
"Postoperative renal impairment can increase postoperative mortality and morbidity. We sought to identify preoperative risk factors responsible for postoperative renal impairment in patients undergoing aortic surgery. This prospective study included 249 patients admitted for aortic surgery. Preoperative and postope... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
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