dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16574 | Is there intelligent life on other planets? For years, scientists said "no." or "we don't know." But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers . They believe intelligent life exists somewhere in the universe. They also think we sill soon contact these beings(;). Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. "This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life," say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size--the universe is huge. "Tools like the Hubble Telescope have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies," says Shostak. "And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth." In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets--the size of Mars or Earth--in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life. Have beings from space already visited Earth? "Probably not," says Shostak. "It's a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, such as radio signals . In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don't have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other." Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are _ . | [
"astronomers",
"farmers",
"singers",
"drivers"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20596 | A person wants to mine something that will attract metals. The person decides to search out some | [
"ceramic stones",
"iron pebbles",
"glass beads",
"plastic beads"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6621 | When scientists accidentally killed what turned out to be the world's oldest living creature, it was bad enough. Now, their mistake has been worsened after further research found it was even older - at 507 years. The ocean quahog, a type of deep-sea clam, was dredged alive from the bottom of the North Atlantic near Iceland in 2006 by researchers. They then put it in a fridge-freezer, as is normal practice, unaware of its age. It was only when it was taken to a laboratory that scientists from Bangor University studied it and concluded it was 400 years old. The discovery made it into the Guinness Book of World Records. However, by this time, it was too late for Ming the Mollusc , named after the Chinese dynasty when its life began. Unfortunately researchers who calculated Ming's age killed it instantly by opening its shell. The researchers opened the ancient clam up to judge its age by counting growth rings inside. But the rings were so close together that scientists ended up having to count the rings on the outside to be accurate, leading CBS journalists to point out that if scientists had just started there, Ming could have lived on. Now, after examining the quahog more closely, using more advanced methods, the researchers have found the animal was actually 100 years older than they first thought. Dr Paul Butler, from the University's School of Ocean Sciences, said: "We got it wrong the first time and maybe we were a bit hasty publishing our findings back then. But we are absolutely certain that we've got the right age now." The mollusc was born in 1499 - just seven years after Columbus discovered America and before Henry VIII had even married his first wife, Catherine of Aragon in 1509. A quahog's shell grows by a layer every year, in the summer when the water is warmer and food is plentiful. It means that when its shell is cut in half, scientists can count the lines in a similar way that trees can be dated by rings in their trunks. Jan Heinemeier, associate professor at the University of Denmark, who helped date Ming, told Science Nordic: "The fact that we got our hands on a 507-year-old animal is incredibly fascinating, but the really exciting thing is of course everything we can learn from studying the mollusk." Which of the following is NOT true? | [
"The researchers have got the right age of the ocean quahog.",
"The mollusc was born after Columbus discovered America.",
"The ocean quahog was named after the Chinese dynasty.",
"A quahog's shell grows by a layer every season."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_608 | Which question can most likely be determined through a scientific investigation? | [
"Who will be the winner of the next lottery?",
"What football team will win the next game?",
"What is the amount of light needed to grow tomatoes?",
"Which four types of bird feathers have the prettiest colors?"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2709 | Microwaves may be great at warming up food, but what about warming people? Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture. And despite popular ideas about microwaves, this technique would be safe, according to Charles R. Burlier of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough, New Hampshire. Low-power microwaves only penetrate the skin (low-power microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches, for example) and with no negative effects. To test this idea, Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt, 2459 MHz magnetron . He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter (mw. / sq. cm. ) ; a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw. / sq. cm. By comparison, a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw. / sq. cm. And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 mw. / sq. cm. In houses of the future, each room could be provided with its own magnetron, says Buffler. When you stepped into the living room, for example, a motion detector would turn on the magnetron, filling the room with low-power microwaves. In the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger, but not the plate it's on, you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table. (You could, however, make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical.) While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses, Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock farmers. Lambs that are born outdoors in winter, for example, are frequently lost to cold. Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly. The test conducted by Buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth, he receives about _ . | [
"20 mw. / sq. cm.",
"40 mw. / sq. cm.",
"60 mw. / sq. cm.",
"85 mw. / sq. cm."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_986 | All of the following are part of an animal life cycle except | [
"growth.",
"fertilization.",
"binary fission.",
"gamete development."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2506 | Solar water heaters can use energy from the sun to heat water. They are used around the world. The solar water heater is based on a design developed some years ago in Afghanistan. Since then, it has been built and used in many countries. It can heat seventy liters of water to 60degC. It can do this between sunrise and noon on a clear day with an average temperature of 32degC. There are two parts of the solar water heater. One part, the collector, is made of a metal plate painted black. This metal surface, placed in contact with the water, will heat the water. Black-painted surfaces that receive the sun's heat become hotter than those of any other color1. Metal plates that have raised parts on the surface work better than those without them. Once the water is heated, it is kept hot with special material, which allows the water to stay warm for a long time. The second part of the solar water heater holds the water for the system. This water tank can hold about one hundred liters of water. Two rubber pipes are connected to the water tank. One pipe lets water go into the system. The other lets water go out. When the water heater is working correctly, water will flow from the tank to the collector and back again. You can use the hot water at the top of the tank for washing and cleaning. This solar water heater is easy to build and operate. It will last about two years before the rubber pipes need to be replaced. What is the text mainly about? | [
"The history of solar water heaters.",
"Knowledge of solar water heaters.",
"The advantages of solar water heaters.",
"The steps of operating a solar water heater."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10480 | Writing one or two articles a day is a fair goal for a human writer. By contrast, the Wordsmith platform can produce up to 2,000 articles a second! Wordsmith is one example of natural language-generation software, often referred to as a robot journalist. To be fair, the software doesn't start from the beginning, like a human writer might. Instead, the software takes a set of structured data and transforms it into readable text. Natural language-generation software, such as Wordsmith and Quill, does its work by identifying trends and highlights in sets of data. The software then searches its own dictionary for the words to express its findings.[:] Why keep human writers around Although this type of software writes faster than any human, it requires sets of structured data to work. That's why it's especially useful for writing earnings reports and other types of "dry" writing. Humans, on the other hand, are good at turning their unstructured thoughts directly into prose. The reports produced by Wordsmith and Quill read naturally, and they can match the tone of human writers. But for now, the robot journalists probably won't steal many jobs or win any Pulitzer Prizes! Current applications of natural language-generation software Financial reports: The software is commonly used by banks or traders to analyze large amounts of financial data and then produce reports in plain English. Health and fitness: The software can turn data gathered from wearable devices or fitness trackers into personalized reports. The writing tone can even be adjusted to sound more encouraging! Sports reporting: The software is often used to turn real baseball, basketball and football statistics into exciting stories. Nowadays Natural language-generation software is seldom used by _ . | [
"schools",
"banks",
"hospitals",
"newspapers"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5730 | The famous American gorilla expert Diane Fossey had a completely new way to study gorillas -- she pretended to be one of them. She copied their actions and way of life -- eating plants and getting down on her hands and knees to walk the way a gorilla does. It was a new relationship. Diane Fossey was murdered in Rwanda in 1985 and her story was made into the popular filmGorillas in the Mist. It was a long way fromKing Kong, which is about a gorilla as a monster (a frightening animal), and helped to show a new idea: the real monster is man, while the gorilla is to be admired. Today there are thought to be around 48,000 lowland gorillas and maybe 400--450 mountain gorillas in the wild. From the Congo in West Africa, to Rwanda and Uganda further east, they are endangered by hunting and by the cutting down of their forest homes. Some time ago, I found in my letterbox a little magazine from the World Wide Fund for Nature. It had two photos side by side. One was of a young gorilla. "This is a species of mammal ," said the words below it. "It is being destroyed by man. We must save it for our own good." The other photo showed a human baby. The words also read, "This is a species of mammal," but then went on: "It is the most destructive on earth. We must retrain it for its own good." We can learn from the text that _ . | [
"Gorillas in the mist was based Fossey's experiences",
"Lowland gorillas live longer than mountain gorillas",
"King Kong showed us that a gorilla is admirable",
"Diane Fossey was murdered by a gorilla"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16196 | All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they create a food chain . Some food chains are simple, while others are not. But all food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears. All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use sunlight directly. Plants are 'factories'. They make food from sunlight, water and things in the soil and air. Plants feed all other living things. Animals can only use the sun's energy after it has been changed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants, others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eating plants indirectly. What about humans? We are members of many food chains. We eat rice, vegetables, and fruits and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. But we often break up the food chains. We kill wild animals and also make rivers, lakes and seas polluted. When these rivers, lakes and seas are polluted, the fish in them can not be eaten. If we eat the fish, we will get strange illnesses. Each form of life is linked to all others. Breaking the links puts all life in danger. Which living things can use the sun's energy directly? | [
"Animals.",
"Plants.",
"Animals and plants.",
"All living things."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11026 | Water skiing is a sport with many social, economic and health benefits to society. It is unique in that it is a sport where able and disabled persons, and people as young as 5 years and as old as 80 years of age can participate alongside each other. It is a sport that involves more than one person, and is a wonderful family activity that gathers members together for a day of fun at a favorite waterway. Anyone who has put on water skis can attest to its health benefits--it is a sport that demands and develops strength, agility and endurance. The sport includes several disciplines including slalom, tricks, cable, jump, ski racing, kneeboard, wakeboard, and barefoot, with each of these practiced for either recreational or competitive enjoyment. Safety Tips for Water-Skiers Don't take unnecessary risks while water-skiing. The following tips will help you safely enjoy this thrilling sport: ALWAYS have an observer in the boat. This is a legal requirement in many states. The boat driver cannot watch the skier and operate the boat safely at the same time. ALWAYS wear a Coast Guard approved Personal Flotation Device (PFD) designed for water skiing. Ski belts are NOT recommended. Your approved PFD will help keep you afloat. NEVER ski in rough water. High waves or a choppy sea will prevent the tow boat from maintaining a steady course and speed. NEVER ski after dark. It is dangerous AND illegal. Any boat traveling fast enough to tow a skier is traveling too fast to navigate safely at night. NEVER water-ski while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Such activity is extremely dangerous because of the impairment to your judgment and ability to respond. A recent study conducted with expert skiers who were purposely drunk indicated that even their ability to ski was dramatically reduced. Use hand signals between the skier and observer. Agree before you start what each signal means so there is no confusion at a critical moment. Which is WRONG according to the passage? | [
"Water skiing helps build up one's strength.",
"The disciplines mentioned are only for competitions.",
"Hand signals should be agreed on before skiing.",
"Rough water makes the tow boat less steady"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12755 | "Track!" said my master. Like any good tracker-dog who has received the command he most loves, I gave a bark of excitement, put my nose down to the ground and sniffed. The ground was rich with smells. Even in the high-class housing area where we were working, the stones held traces of many sole and confusing scents (smells). As I searched for the scent that would give me a clue to the tail of the guilty man, my tail wagged slowly, thoughtfully, delightedly. Work was like play to me; I enjoyed it. A small group of people gathered behind us. Among these onlookers was the old caretaker of the building next door to ours. He spoke in a scornful voice, "You actually think your dog might catch a thief three days after the event?" My master said nothing, but I'm sure he must have smiled. I did not turn to look. I knew he would not speak unless it was to give me a new command. I needed to concentrate. My task was difficult. I had to pick out one scent among the many that lay about and then tracked it to its source. "You're wasting your time," said the caretaker. I looked at him without raising my head. He was running his hand over his fat stomach. His rough palm and smooth shirt combined to make a slight noise. It was part of my training to be aware--often it is only a little whisper of a noise that alerts you to be drawing of a weapon. But of course the aging caretaker was going to do no such thing. There was no smell of fear or nervousness about him. He was merely being clever and talkative. "I've seen many tracker-dogs in my time," said the caretaker to the onlookers. I served with the police years ago. We would never have thought of using a tracker-dog to find a car thief. Impossible. Everyone knows that dogs are useless in such matters. In a sense he was right. I'm sure there's no need to tell you that, just as a dog's hearing is much better than a human being's, so his sense of smell tells one thing from another far better than a great detective. If Sherlock Holmes could work out that a man had had an egg for breakfast by seeing the yellow stain on his mouth, a trained dog could tell you whether the hen that laid the egg was healthy or not. I know it sounds funny and I mean it to be. But I'm not exaggerating. A dog can tell you--if you understand a dog's way of communicating--all this and more without even setting eyes on the man he is investigating. In the dog's opinion, its sense of smell _ . | [
"can give us fewer details about what a human has already discovered",
"can achieve more than what a human's only if the smell is not hidden",
"is particularly trained to pick out one scent among hundreds",
"is better than its sense of hearing when it does tracking"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17462 | Salt concentration, water temperature, plankton, and the whale shark might all be used in a description of an ocean | [
"climate.",
"food web.",
"ecosystem.",
"population."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1617 | Ricky and Carmen were friends. Ricky was an inchworm. He had a skinny body and was bright green. Carmen was a ladybug. She had a round body and was red with black spots. They liked to play together in the grass. One day Ricky and Carmen were playing in the grass. Carmen saw something new. She asked Ricky, "What is that yellow thing?" Ricky did not know. They went over to the yellow thing. It was not grass. It was not alive. It was big and flat and looked like it might be fun for jumping. Carmen said, "Let's jump on it." Ricky said, "Okay, but I hope we don't get in trouble." They jumped on the big yellow thing. It was fun! They were happy jumping together! All of a sudden, the big yellow thing moved. It went up in the air. Ricky and Carmen held on. It went up and up. It went into the sky. Ricky and Carmen were scared. They wanted to get down. They shouted, "Help, help!" A bird heard them and flew over. His name was George. George said, "What's wrong? Don't you like it up here on your kite?" "No, we don't!" said Ricky. "What's a kite?" said Carmen. George told them they were on a kite. He showed them the string. He said, "You can follow that string all the way to the ground." It looked like a long way down. But they thanked George for his help and slowly crawled down the string to the ground. They were safe. How did Ricky and Carmen get into the sky? | [
"A kite took them up into the sky.",
"They crawled up a string.",
"They jumped on a bird.",
"They flew into the sky."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21038 | Tom and Bill were both pushing on a large plastic ball but it stayed in one place. Why? | [
"the ball was being stubborn",
"the ball was large and made of iron",
"they were pushing from opposite sides using the same muscle power",
"the ball was 2 miles across"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10758 | This is a true story that happened in Japan.In order to _ the house, a Japanese tore open the walls. Japanese houses normally have a hollow space between the wooden walls. When tearing down the walls, he found that there was a lizard stuck there because a nail from outside was hammered into one of its feet. He saw this, feeling pity and curious.When he checked the nail, he found ti was nailed 10 years ago when the house was first built. What happened? The lizard had survived in such a position for 10 years! It has been in a dark wall partition for 10 years without moving! Then he wondered how this lizard survived for 10 years without moving a single step......since its foot was nailed! So he stopped his work and observed the lizard: what has it been doing?what and how has it been eating? Later, he didn't know from where another lizard appeared, with food in its mouch.Ah! He was astonished and touched deeply. The free lizard had been feeding the stuck one for the past 10 years...... Such love, a beautiful love! Such love happened with this tiny creature... What can love do? It can do wonders! Just think about it: one lizard had been feeding the other one untiringly for 10 long years, without giving up hope on its partner. If a small creature like a lizard can love like this... just imagine how we can love if we try. How did the Japanese feel when seeing the stuck lizard? | [
"Frightened",
"Enjoyable",
"Confused",
"Usual"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9011 | Imagine picking apples on Christmas or going skating on May Day. What about going for a swim on Thanksgiving? Without Leap Day ,which takes place every four years, that could happen. Our calendar is normally 365 days long. It was created to match the cycles of the seasons. But Roman ruler Julius Caesar noticed a problem: The earth doesn't circle the sun in exactly 365 days. It actually cakes 365 and one-quarter days. He figured out that the extra part of a day would cause the calendar to grow apart from the seasons over time. Over 100 years, the seasons would shift about 24 days. Spring would start on April 13 instead of March 20. Caesar used math to figure out a way to stop the calendar from shifting. He decided to add an extra day to the month of February every four years. His idea helped keep the seasons and calendar matched up. Even so, it still wasn't perfect--his calendar was adding too many days. In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII worked on Caesar's idea. His calendar, called the Gregorian calendar, declares that every year that is equally divided by 400 is a leap year. Turn-of-the-century years, or years ending in "00", would not be leap years unless they could be divided equally by 400. These complicated equations help keep the calendar in balance with the orbit of the earth. Today, we still use the Gregorian calendar. In about 3,000 years, the calendar will be only one day out of step with the seasons, It's still not perfect, but mathematicians decided it was as close as we could get. Which of the following years is a leap year according to Pope? | [
"The year 2100.",
"The year 2200.",
"The year 2300.",
"The year 2400."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15140 | Everybody has a home. People have homes. Animals have homes. People live in many different kinds of houses. Animals have different kinds of homes, too. Some animals live in holes under the ground . The woodchuck lives under the ground .His home has two doors. If any animal comes into one door, the woodchuck goes out through the other. Some animals live in holes in trees. Some squirrels build nests high in trees. Most of the birds live in nests in trees. But hawks build their nests high in the mountains . Animals' homes are _ . | [
"not the same",
"the same",
"in holes",
"in trees"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3772 | Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle Challenger , in June, 1993.The achievement of Sally Ride, America's first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable.Students from two high schools in Camden, New Jersey, however, are likely to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight. Norma didn't travel alone.She brought about 100 companions along with her.Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subjects, made up the first ant colony to travel into space.The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects. The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip.The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened.The problem did not occur in space, but on the ground after Challenger had landed.The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was removed.The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony's container and the ants died from lack of moisture . The project was termed a success because it did provide useful information.Students will continue their efforts to find out exactly what went wrong.They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring on future missions .They don't want to be discouraged either by the death of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space. The story is mainly about_. | [
"Sally Ride's first ride",
"space equipment for insects",
"a space experiment with ants",
"going to school in New Jersey"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5606 | Entire populations of American toads breed within the same few days at the same time each year, usually late April or early May. The toads hop to their breeding ponds after the ground has warmed and the first hard spring rain falls. To get there, many of the toads will cross roads that cut through their habitat. It will be a grand view of hopping toads as well as a disastrous killing by cars! The toads are "slow in moving at that time of year--it's still cool, they've been inactive--and they get killed" by cars when crossing roads, said Serrao, a naturalist. An April night five years ago, when Serrao went out to a country road to watch the moving of the toads, he counted 100 toads; 95 were hit by cars. A similar story can be told for several other species of toads, frogs, crocodiles and turtles around the world. The world's amphibians are reducing, and road-killing is just one factor behind it. Other better-known causes of the decline include global warming, insecticides , and the loss of wetlands. Serrao says unless these animals get help crossing the road, their local populations will disappear. Jackson, a biologist, said one way to help amphibians survive road crossings is to construct "amphibian tunnels" beneath the road. Jackson says tunnels should be a 0.6-meter-by-0.6-meter box, open at the top, and fitted with an iron grate to allow enough air and light into the tunnel. In addition, fences or walls should extend out from either side of a tunnel for about 30 meters, which guide amphibians toward the tunnels. European countries have built amphibian tunnels for decades. Jackson led a team that installed the first such tunnel in prefix = st1 /Americain 1987, which helped over 3/4 of the local amphibian population safely cross the road. Jackson says that there are about a hundred amphibian tunnels in the UStoday, but many of them were not carefully designed and probably not working well because land developers wanted to save money. Which is notthe cause of the quick decline of the amphibian population? | [
"The use of chemicals to kill insects.",
"The reduce of wetlands.",
"The development of car industry.",
"The green house effect of the earth."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15095 | Rose's mother wants to take Rose to the zoo today. Many kinds of animals are in the zoo. So Rose is very happy. Rose and her mother go to see the tigers and lions first. Tigers and lions are scary so they lives in strong cages in the zoo. And they eat much meat every day.[:..Z.X.X.K] Rose sees two big elephants and a baby one. The elephants are very kind to people. Rose rides on an elephant and she is glad. Some cute pandas are in the zoo, too. They are a little shy. So people need to be very _ when they go near them. Look! Five giraffes are there. They have long necks. They are from Africa . They like eating grass and leaves very much. ,. Rose and her mother go to see _ first. | [
"tigers and lions",
"pandas",
"elephants",
"giraffes"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16693 | Do you like travelling ?More and more students like riding bikes to travel on the road.But it may be dangerous on your trip.For your own safety ,do the following things. Wear a bike helmet and it can protect your head.Look for a helmet that fits you well.Even the best,most expensive helmet won't protect you if it doesn't fit. Wear the right clothes.They can make you feel better.And they can also protect you.Bright-colored clothes help people see you clearly-even in the daytime.Don't wear dark-colored clothes like black or brown while riding a bike. Keep the rules of the road while riding a bike.Always ride on the right side of the street in the same _ .Never change your direction without first looking behind you.Don't ride too closely to cars-the cars may stop and the doors open suddenly !Finally,don't wear earphones while riding a bike-you need to hear what's going on around you. When you travel by bike.you can't ride too closely to cars.Because _ . | [
"the cars run very fast",
"the cars may stop suddenly",
"the men on the cars may open their doors suddenly",
"both B and C"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2298 | Which of these lists has only products that come from plants? | [
"Paper, spices, and fibers",
"Wool, lumber, and butter",
"Medicines, leather, and milk",
"Cotton, rubber, and eggs"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14466 | I went to technology _ where people were showing their ideas for better learning. At the show I got a chance to try out lots of new, interesting equipment that might be introduced to schools. I thought some of it were great and would make learning more fun. Cyber Coach Mat The first thing I tried was the Cyber Coach Mat. This allows children to learn things like yoga and tai chi with virtual instructors . Also you can play football or have dance battles on it. Sony PSP The second piece of equipment I tried was the Play Station Portable. or PSP. It lets you access lots of education materials and helps learning in many ways. It's really fun and even has a built-in camera and video so you can have fun with friends. Lego NXT The final thing I tried was the Lego NXT. This involves building a robot and programming it to follow instructions . The robot can pick up sound waves which can then be sent to the computer or a phone. I would really like to do this kind of thing in my lesson! Overall the fair was great and I learn how to use a lot of things that I think could really help children to learn and have fun at the same time. My favourite was the Cyber Coach Mat because it allows you to learn new skills and it"s a great way to do a PE lesson if it's cold and raining outside! Which equipment does the writer like best ? | [
"The first one.",
"The second one.",
"The last one.",
"None of them."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3379 | Mr. Eckerd at the end of the street was a different fellow with a different kind of house. He let kids from the neighborhood come to see his house, but only if they had written permission from their parents, and if he'd already spoken to the parents before. What made it so different? He shared his home with rescued animals that the county couldn't keep. He had the permission to have things like monkeys, large cats, and other strange creatures. His house had the ivy -covered brick wall and the iron gate across the driveway. Once you went inside, the hedges lining the driveway were carved into the shapes of animals. There were other pretty plants on the grounds, too. The old brick house held a lot of surprises. The double doors with the lion's head door knockers opened into a large flat entryway. In the wooden board walls all around, there were fish tanks with colorful fishes. The ceilings were painted with scenes of plants and rare animals. Room opened off from there. Continuing down the hall, you came to a large courtyard, which had been caged in, partly open to the sky .A large group of tiny monkeys shook up and down trees. You had to walk through a caged tunnel into other parts of the house. They called out to whoever walked in, hoping for treats of fruits, nuts, and seeds. Behind that, the hall continued to a room full of snakes and lizards. It felt like a desert in that room, so dry and hot. It was not everyone's favorite room, but it certainly was interesting. The final room was actually out back, and definitely not something to miss. It was much like a large glass bird cage or a greenhouse. It was there that you would usually find Mr Eckerd on a bench next to some carvings of jungle animals. He was watching the Bengal tiger that wandered back and forth inside the cage. Mr. Eckerd's house was the strangest and most unique place in town, a place very well worth seeing. What was different about Mr. Eckerd's house? | [
"It was big and frightening.",
"It was full of flowers and gardens.",
"It had wild animals inside and outside.",
"It was an amusement park."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18785 | Which adaptation allows a walrus to stay warm in cold water? | [
"reddish coat",
"bristly mustache",
"wrinkled skin",
"thick layer of blubber"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18059 | Why does tapping a fork against a water glass produce a sound? | [
"The air expands.",
"The fork releases electrons.",
"The particles in the objects vibrate.",
"The water in the glass forms ripples."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5303 | A teddy bear from Cumbria is launching into space to raise cash for charity . Terence, an experienced traveller who has been to Iraq, will be the guest of honour on aviation legend Burt Rutan's Spaceship One when it flies above Earth. The mission takes off from California on September 29, and on his return the cuddly toy will be auctioned off in aid of the North Air Ambulance Appeal . Spaceship One is the world's first private spacecraft, and is competing for a prestigious space travel prize. Chief executive of the Great North Air Ambulance Service (GNAAS), Graham Pickering, said "flying officer" Terence had been handed over to the RAF six months ago and staff had been receiving postcards from him ever since. He said, "Terence was a fundraising idea that really took off. We have received pictures of him in a U2 craft, trying parachuting and even looking drunk and disorderly. When the RAF finally discharge him he will be a very rare bear indeed--we just hope he does not burn up on re-entry to Earth." GNAAS, which needs charitable donations of more than PS2m a year, has three air ambulances . Peter Bond, spokesman for the Royal Astronomical Society, said Terence's safety was not guaranteed. He said, "This is a new and experimental craft and this will only be the second time it has flown. During its first voyage it developed technical problems but hopefully they have now been resolved." Since May, Terence has spent time with members of 100 Squadron based at RAF Leeming in Basra, Iraq, and at air shows with performing fighter planes. Spaceship One will fly 100km (62 miles) above the Earth's surface, just breaking through the planet's atmosphere. If it repeats the feat inside two weeks, it will claim the $10m Ansari X-Prize set up to encourage the private space flight business. Which of the following is the best title? | [
"Teddy bear astronaut to lift off",
"Spaceship One to lift off",
"Space flight",
"The toy bear will be auctioned off"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17795 | Which of the following animal features most helps the animal move around in its habitat? | [
"A bird's sharp beak",
"A cow's tail",
"A sea turtle's flippers",
"A black bear's fur"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14697 | Cats are the most popular pets among Americans. So it is not surprising that there are a lot of expressions about cats. Some cats like to catch small birds, like canaries . If someone looks very proud and satisfied with himself, we say "he looks like the cat that ate the canary." Sometimes, a cat likes to play with a small animal it catches. So if you "play cat and mouse" with someone, it means that you change between different kinds of behavior when dealing with another person. For example, a girl might offer something sweet to her little brother and then take it away when he reaches for it. Americans might say that something is "the cat's miaow" or "the cat's pajamas " to describe something that is the best or finest. "A copycat" is someone who acts just like someone else or copies another person's work. "A fat cat" is a person with a lot of money. If you tell about something that is supposed to be a secret, we say you "let the cat out of the bag". If you are not able to speak or answer a question, someone might ask you if "the cat has got your tongue " Have you ever watched children in a classroom when their teacher leaves for a few minutes? "When the cat's away, the mice will play" means people sometimes act badly when there is no supervision . You may have heard the expression "curiosity killed the cat". This means caring too much about things that are not your business might cause problems. If you have ever had cats as pets, you know it is difficult to train them or to get them to do something. Cats are not like Sheep or cows that can be moved in a group. So we say a difficult or impossible job is like "herding cats " What can we learn from the passage? | [
"The expression \"a fat cat\" is used to describe someone who is very fat.",
"The expression \"play cat and mouse\" usually means \"play tricks on others\".",
"It is more difficult to keep sheep or cows than cats.",
"There are more expressions about cats than those about dogs."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2127 | Some birds build nests in the spring. This nest building is a seasonal adaptation that occurs to help the birds | [
"fly south",
"find food",
"protect their young",
"survive the winter"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17321 | What is the main reason we can see the Moon? | [
"The Moon reflects light from the Earth.",
"The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.",
"The Moon produces its own light.",
"The Moon is larger than stars."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20066 | The Earth is going to be completing a full rotation. A child notes this, and knows that it means that | [
"a cloud is going to rain",
"the moon is in the sky",
"a day has passed on Jupiter",
"the sun rose, set and rose again"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20854 | Which of the following prolongs combustion? | [
"fire extinguishers",
"water",
"smothering",
"candle wax"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2146 | Which of these animals is most likely to be found living and feeding on the forest floors of Virginia? | [
"Bat",
"Trout",
"Deer mouse",
"Golden eagle"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1414 | Lisa has a pet cat named Whiskers. Whiskers is black with a white spot on her chest. Whiskers also has white paws that look like little white mittens. Whiskers likes to sleep in the sun on her favorite chair. Whiskers also likes to drink creamy milk. Lisa is excited because on Saturday, Whiskers turns two years old. After school on Friday, Lisa rushes to the pet store. She wants to buy Whiskers' birthday presents. Last year, she gave Whiskers a play mouse and a blue feather. For this birthday, Lisa is going to give Whiskers a red ball of yarn and a bowl with a picture of a cat on the side. The picture is of a black cat. It looks a lot like Whiskers. What color is Whiskers? | [
"All white with a black spot",
"White",
"Black",
"Black with white paws and a white spot"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13687 | It had been snowing very hard for days. Jigs and Reads had nothing to eat for a day. They know that things weren't right at home. So yesterday morning they wanted to go out. Bob helped them get out through a window, because the snow was so deep outside that he couldn't open the door. Last night, they didn't come back. Bob said to himself, "They are only five months old. This weather will kill them." But just then Bob heard them calling him. He looked out and could not believe ----they were drawing a big hare through the snow. They dropped it through the window into Bob's hands. A hare for dinner. Jigs and Reads in the story were _ . | [
"Bob's children",
"dogs",
"hares",
"neighbours"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16670 | Do you want to be in good health? Try to do the following things! You can become strong. Drink eight cups of water every day. Water helps your body in many ways. If you feel......,have a cup of water. Don't forget to eat your breakfast. Breakfast gives you everything your body needs for the morning. So do not forget your breakfast. Calcium . Your bones need it. Milk has more calcium. You may also drink orange juice with calcium in it. Go for a walk every day after meals. Walking is a good exercise, and people need exercise for good health, It's better to walk after meals. Stretch for five minutes after sitting for one or two hours. Stretching your arms and legs is good for your body. Use your brain every day. For example, you can do crossword puzzles or read a new book. Have a rest about twenty minutes when you are tired. You may do something different to have a break. For example,get up and walk. Or sit down to listen to music. How many things does this passage mention for you to do if you want to keep healthy? | [
"Five",
"Six",
"Seven",
"Eight"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21066 | I can see melting occur when | [
"cleaning the bathroom",
"I bake macaroni",
"I run around",
"sewing a dress"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11178 | Every year in America, high-school students who want to go to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one's mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension. But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That's an interesting way to test writing ability, put content aside, have you ever seen young people's handwriting lately? Or anyone's for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They _ class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise penmanship -- once taught so morally and easefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out. Yet today's kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and legibly , for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl of young people who've been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers and earn bigger tax refunds because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations . And don't forget, we all have to turn to handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when power goes out. The subjects to be tested in the SAT include _ . | [
"math, English, reading and handwriting",
"math, grammar, reading and writing",
"math, foreign language and writing",
"math, English and handwriting"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13477 | A: Recently, the word "clone" appeared very often in the newspapers. Do you know its meaning? B: Not exactly, I read a report in yesterday's newspaper. It said there was a Scottish Dolly. It was the first time that a cloned lamb had been made from an adult sheep. A: Actually, the word "clone" means to produce the "same" animal by taking cells from an adult one, I think, if we know how to do cloning, we need only keep a small number of sheep, cows or horses. B: There's more to it. Recently there have been some people who ever want to clone humans. A: It seems interesting. But do you think it is possible to do that? B: No, I don't think so. First I think we cannot clone a dead person, because the cells in his body are dead already. A: Then we can clone a living person? B: Again no! You might clone yourself one after another, but it is only a replica , not real you. It is only something, not a human. A: Now, you mean that a real human can speak, think and create, and these abilities cannot be cloned? B: True enough! I think the main purpose of Dr. Lan Wilmot, the "father" of Dolly, is to make better animals. It has nothing to do with human cloning. ,. According to the dialog, the word "clone" often appeared _ . | [
"in the newspaper",
"on TV",
"in the magazines",
"over the radio"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_610 | How has burning fossil fuels most caused a decline to the quality of air that people breathe? | [
"by adding particle pollution",
"by creating a hole in the ozone layer",
"by causing acid precipitation to fall",
"by increasing the levels of carbon dioxide"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7262 | During the last twenty years there has been increasing concern with the quality of the environment. Along with air and water pollutions, noises pollution has been recognized as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more apparent. Noise is defined as "unwanted sound". Causes of noise pollution include traffic, aircraft, rock bands, barking dogs, televisions, garbage trucks, and noise from neighbors, voices, alarms, and watercrafts. Studies show that over forty percent of Americans are disturbed at home or lose sleep because of noise pollution. Noise has bad effects on people and the environment. Noise causes hearing loss, interferes with human activities at home and work, and is in various ways dangerous to people's health and well being. When we think, talk, listen to music, or sleep, we need quiet. Even low levels of noise can be annoying or frustrating. Sudden increases in volume can make sounds annoying. The quieter the background is, the more _ a noise can be. Noise can also make instructions or warning unclear, resulting in accidents. Louder noise bursts can be more disruptive .Continued stress can lead to high blood pressure, which is the major cause of some diseases. Long exposure to noise levels above eight-five decibels can damage inner cells and lead to hearing loss. Noise can result in the involuntary fear response and can cause adrenaline to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to increase, and the digestive system to slow down. Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is. According to the text, noise pollution may be caused by _ . | [
"parties and meetings",
"zoos and theaters",
"schools and factories",
"vehicles and animals"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14896 | Sharks are the most frightening animals in the sea. Sometimes we can see sharks swimming in the sea around Hong Kong. People put nets around some beaches to protect swimmers. When there is a "shark's flag", people must slay on the beach. It will be too late if a shark can swim sixty kilometers an hour to you. There are 30 kinds of sharks and 25 kinds of them are dangerous. The whale sharks are very big. They can grow to 18 meters long, but they are not dangerous to people. The jaws and the tiger sharks are the most dangerous kinds of sharks. Do you know all sharks must keep swimming, or they will go down? All sharks can feel everything that happens around them. We must keep _ and don't make any noise when a shark is swimming near you. If a shark loses a tooth, a new one will grow out very quickly. So sharks always have many sharp teeth. Which is NOT true according to the passage? | [
"It will be late if a shark can swim sixty kilometers an hour to you.",
"There are 30 kinds of sharks in the sea.",
"All sharks must keep swimming to go down in the sea.",
"Sharks's teeth can grow out very quickly."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15301 | I like to get up late, so my ideal school starts at 9 a.m. It finished at 3 P.m., so we will have lots of time for after-school activities. There is a big dining hall. We have an hour for lunch. We eat lunch and chat there. We can also listen to pop music in the hall. We eat fruit and vegetables every day. We have Maths every day because I think Maths is very interesting to us. I love computers, so we have Computer Studies every day. We wear school uniforms, but we do not wear ties. The classes are quite small. There are 15 students in each class. There is a park on one side of our school and a shopping mall on the other. We have a big library lots of useful books. We also have a tennis court and a swimming pool. There are lots of clubs and after-school activities. We only have half an hour of homework every day, and we do not do homework at weekends. Every month, we go on a school trip to a museum or a theater. Why do we have Maths every day? | [
"Because it is useful.",
"Because it is the main subject.",
"Because we're interested in it.",
"Because I'm going to be a Maths teacher."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16363 | What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? How will you escape? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the following passage. Escaping a fire is a serious matter.Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life.It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family,such as stairways and fire escapes,but not lifts. From the lower floors of the buildings,escaping through windows is possible,learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury. The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground.An average person,hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground.It is about the height of an average man.Of course,it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building. Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help.Be sure to keep the door closed.Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room.Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked into the room. On a second or third floor,the best windows for escaping are those that open onto a roof.From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely.Dropping onto cement might end in injury.Bushes and grass can help to break a fall. Open the window so that _ if the building is on fire. | [
"you can get fresh air",
"you can call for help",
"you can easily jump off",
"you can be seen first"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19364 | if the temperature gauge on a dashboard goes up while vehicle is motion, what could be responsible? | [
"the snow falling outside",
"the rubbing of the mechanical parts",
"the car sales man",
"the anger of the driver"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12184 | When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often: It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are. People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly. People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book if they don't hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts . Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it anymore, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark, To see a small thing at night, we need to look _ . | [
"with wide open eyes",
"with half shut eyes",
"straight at it",
"in a slightly different direction"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4575 | In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, "Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day." And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are "untouched by human hands" and therefore safe from human temptation. Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals don't use guns. And even they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it: it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days' notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the company's computerized records. Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is "the tip of the iceberg". As one official says, "I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing--the ones who really know how a computer works." The author uses the case of the head teller to show _ . | [
"how computer criminals so evil things",
"how hard it is to find computer criminals",
"computers lack conscience",
"computer crime can involve a big sum of money"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16805 | I'm Alice. Today is Children's Day. I get many presents from my family. Do you want to have a look? I like toy bears very much. I have five different bears in my room. My mother buys another brown bear for me today. It's very cute; My uncle gives me a new pencil case; It's so nice. There's an interesting picture on it. My uncle buys it in Canada. My sister buys a red toy car for me. I like cars very much. My sister is so nice. Green is my favourite colour. But I like the car best. The diary book is from my grandmother. I like writing a diary in the evening. I want to be a writer when I grow up. Alice doesn't get _ from her family. | [
"a computer",
"a diary book",
"a toy bear",
"a toy car"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6207 | The longest solar eclipse of the century cast a wide shadow for several minutes over Asia and the Pacific Ocean on 22th July, drawing people outside to watch the sight in the sky. Day turned into night. Temperature turned cooler in cities and villages filled with fans of astronomy. The total eclipse could be seen starting in India on Wednesday morning and moving eastward across China and parts of the Pacific. Millions cast their eyes towards the heavens to catch an unusual view of the sun's colorful ring. Cloud in some areas prevented people from fully enjoying the sight. Still, many were frightened. The total eclipse occurs about twice a year as the moon passes between the earth and the sun on the same plane as earth's circle. The local astronomy society gave a flash on how an eclipse happens. Wednesday's event lasted up to more than six minutes in some places. In India, thousands bathed in the Ganges River in the Hindu holy city of Varanasi to clean their souls. It was sunny sky in Hong Kong for the eclipse, where students, parents and the elderly flooded in a primary school to watch. In Shanghai, children climbed up ladders to look through two large telescopes on the school roof to catch sight of the moon moving across the sun. Others looked through a pair of glasses covered with solar filter paper, where they could take pictures of the moon moving over the sun. In some cultures, many old stories are about eclipse. In India, a eclipse was considered unfavorable. In Chinese tradition, there is a story about a heavenly dog eating the sun. As the story goes, people would make noise to frighten off the dog and save the sun. Where can we see the eclipse start? | [
"In Shanghai.",
"In India.",
"In Hong Kong.",
"In the Pacific Ocean."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6274 | Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out, which is thought to be responsible for global warming. Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence contains nomethane and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas. While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack pushing out carbon dioxide, farm animals' passing wind contributes a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions in some countries. "Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep," said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government. "And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent," he said. Researchers say the bacteria also make the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers. But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep. Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos. And about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians have eaten the national symbol already. "It's low in fat, it's got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the free-range animal," said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies. Scientists intend to put the bacteria into cattle and sheep _ . | [
"to prevent them from sending out greenhouse gases",
"to help Australian farmers to earn more money",
"so that they can protect Australian ecosystem",
"so that they can make full use of special bacteria"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19377 | The further a ship sails away from a light house | [
"the less they will be guided by it's beam",
"the more they will be guided by it's beam",
"the more likely the ship is to sail successfully",
"rough ocean waters will decrease"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22217 | A creature that is a biped and which regularly uses tools will occasionally enjoy munching on | [
"kettle shards",
"old feces",
"chia seeds",
"hard rocks"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21172 | Sweating will make your body temperature go | [
"down",
"hits you",
"Sideways",
"Up"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1993 | Which of the following best describes a mineral? | [
"the main nutrient in all foods",
"a type of grain found in cereals",
"a natural substance that makes up rocks",
"the decomposed plant matter found in soil"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16307 | There was once a violinist who said he was not afraid of animals that are dangerous. He said in a proud way, "Even a bear would be as quiet as the friendliest cat when hearing my music." But he had never played, and no one believed him. A chance to show his words arrived just when a circus came to the town. The musician came to the ringmaster and told what he could do. "Wow, that's interesting." The ringmaster said. "We just have three new lions and they haven't worked with the lion tamer yet. Let's see what you can do with them." The violinist agreed and the whole town crowded the hall to see what would happen. The violinist was standing quietly in the center of the ring with a smile. Then the ringmaster opened the door of the cage and jumped out angrily a huge lion, shouting and showing his teeth. Everyone was too nervous to breathe. Still with the smile , the violinist began to play. The beautiful music rose , then the lion sat down and began to enjoy the music. Everyone lost themselves in the music. The lion did, too. For the second lion, _ . Then it's the third lion's turn to appear and everyone there was waiting for the lion to be quiet just like the other two . But the lion ran up to the man and ate him. All the people were surprised. The other two lions asked angrily, "What have you done ! We were enjoying the music!" The third lion put his paw( ) to its ear and said, "Sorry, I can't hear you. I have been deaf for 5 years." Why did the third lion run to the man and eat him? | [
"Because he hated the violinist.",
"Because he didn't think the music was beautiful.",
"Because he couldn't hear the music at all.",
"Because he was very hungry."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_851 | Which of the following best explains why many species of birds in New England fly south for the winter months? | [
"to find a place to hibernate",
"to move away from strong sunlight",
"to find an environment with more food",
"to move away from crowded environments"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10596 | Thanks for bringing me down here to the university last Sunday. Classes didn't start until Wednesday, so I had a few days to get adjusted. I'm signed up for five classes: zoology, calculus, English, and two history sections. It's a heavy load, but they are all courses that will count for my degree. The zoology class which meets at 8:00 every morning is going to be my hardest subject. The history class that I have in the morning is on Western Civilization; the one in the afternoon is on early prefix = st1 /United Stateshistory, our ancestors' life. Calculus which I have at noon every day looks like it's going to be easy. Besides zoology, the other class that's going to be hard is English, for you see, we have to do a composition a week. I like all of my classmates but one. There are four of us in our suite including two girls from Texas and a girl from Manitoba. Sally who is fromSan Antoniois great: I feel like I've known her all my life. I also really like Anne who is the girl fromManitoba. Heather the other girl fromTexasis kind of a pain, though; she's one of those types of people who never tell you what's bothering them and then get hostile. I don't know how to get along with her but I'll try my best to make friends with her. This I take as one other class I myself open. All in all, though, it looks like it's going to be a great year. I'll write again in a week or so. Which subject does the author regard the most difficult? | [
"History.",
"English.",
"Zoology.",
"Calculus."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11878 | Elephants have impressed us for centuries. They are big, clever, and sociable. But what if someone told you that they may also hold the key to fighting cancer? People have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer, even though they have life spans that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years. Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, Us has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors from developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP 53 in elephants. Most other species, humans included, only carry one copy. According to the research, which was recently published on the online science network BioRxiv, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal's sensitivity to DNA damage. This lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can form deadly tumors. "An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals," study author Dr Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with long life spans like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice do. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass. _ was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named "Peto's paradox". Evolutionary biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller do not, In the elephant's case, the making of TP53 is nature's way of keeping this species alive. The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers from spreading or even developing in the first place. "Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer," said Joshua Schiffman, an oncologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US. "It's up to us to learn how different animals tackle the problem so we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people." According to Dr. Vincent Lynch, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals? | [
"Extreme weather",
"Cells killing themselves",
"Human behavior",
"A risk of deadly tumors"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14299 | Years ago, as we know, zoos kept animals in cages. Cages made it easy for visitors to see the animals, but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in. Today animals live in open areas. There are usually plants and a little lake around, like the animals' habitats. Visitors usually stay in the bus to see the animals outside. Zoos help to protect all kinds of animals. They protect animals in the zoo as well as animals in the wild. How do they do this? Zoos tell people how animals live in the wild and how to help protect their environment. The number of many kinds of plants and animals is becoming smaller and smaller. Mammoths, which are related with Asia elephants, are now extinct(.Scientists say that 74 different kinds of living things are disappearing a day! Zoos are working together to help animals-our friends. A mammoth is a kind of _ that has gone extinct. | [
"plant",
"bird",
"animal",
"tree"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8207 | For some years the big drugmakers have been worrying about an approaching "patent cliff"--a fall in sales as the patents on their most popular pills expire or are struck down by legal challenges, with few new potential _ to take their place. This week the patent on the best-selling drug in history expired--Lipitor, an anti-cholesterol pill which earned Pfizer nearly $11 billion in revenues last year.In all, pill like Lipitor with a combined $170 billion in annual sales will go off-patent by the end of 2015. What is supposed to happen now is that lots of copycat firms rush in with "generic" (ie, chemically identical) versions of Lipitor at perhaps one-fifth of its price.Patients and health-care payers should reap the benefit.Pfizer's revenues should suffer. The same story will be repeated many times, as other best-selling drugs march over the patent cliff But generics makers may face delays getting their cheaper versions to market.Ranbaxy, a Japanese-owned drugmaker, struggled to get regulators' approval for its generic version of Lipitor, and only won it on the day the patent expired.More importantly, research-based drug firms are using a variety of tactics to make the patent cliff slope more gently. Jon Leibowitz, chairman of America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC), is concerned by drugmakers filing additional patents on their products to put off the day when their protection expires. Another tactic is "pay-for-delay", in which a drugmaker facing a legal challenge to its patent pays its would-be competitor to put off introducing its cheaper copy. In the year to October the FTC identified what it believes to be 28 such settlements. American and European regulators are looking into these deals. However, legal challenges against them have been delayed, and a bill to ban them is stuck in Congress. To encourage generics makers to challenge patents on drugs, and introduce cheaper copies, an American law passed in 1984 says that the first one to do so will get a 180-day exclusivity period,in which no other generics maker can sell versions of the drug in question, as Ranbaxy supposedly won with Lipitor. However, Pfizer is exploiting a loophole in the 1984 law, which lets it appoint a second, authorised copycat--in this case, Watson, another American firm.According to BernsteinResearch, under the deal between the two drugmakers Pfizer will receive about 70% of Watson's revenues from its approved copy of Lipitor.More unusual, Pfizer has cut the price of its original version, and will keep marketing it vigorously. So Ranbaxy faces not one, but two competitors. All this may raise Pfizer's sales by nearly $500m in the last half of 2015 compared with what they would otherwise have been, says Tim Anderson of BernsteinResearch, with revenues then falling after the 180 days are over. Others fear that Pfizer's tactics , if copied, will make the 180-day exclusivity period worth far less, and thus discourage generic firms from challenging patents in the first place. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? | [
"Drugmakers' struggle",
"Generic makers' dilemma",
"Laws concerning patent protection",
"Popular pills of Pfizer"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5117 | Televisions were among the most talked about items at the 2013 International Consumer Electronics Show last week in Las Vegas, Nevada. Some employed the most advanced technology ever. Some of the TVs used a new technology called Organic Light Emitting Diodes, or OLED. They were thinner, lighter, offered better color1 and were brighter than traditional LEDs. Smart TVs this year were smarter. Many offered technology that let users have a more personalized experience. One such TV from the electronics company TCL uses sensors and voice recognition to determine who is watching. It then offers programming based on the specific user. Another TV from Panasonic offers a similar personalized user experience. In addition to television technology, size also played a major part in CES 2013. Televisions varied in size from big to bigger, with at least two companies -- Samsung and HiSense -- exhibiting TVs measuring 110 inches. The yearly Consumer Electronics Show is the biggest technology trade show in North America and one of the biggest in the world. Gary Shapiro is president and CEO of the Consumer Electronics Association, the group that organizes CES. He gave one of the keynote speeches on opening day. "Now you know that CES is more than a trade show. It's a gathering of the brightest minds and the top leaders from many industries and those seeking a glimpse into the future." That glimpse into the future included a look at digital health and fitness devices, which were also big at CES 2013. There were devices that track your activity and others that measure blood pressure, heart rate and weight. There was even a fork that tells you when you are eating too fast. Cars, smart-phones, tablet computers and PCs also made news. And a 27-inch table computer drew quite a bit of attention. CEA President Gary Shapiro says there was much to see but not nearly enough time to see it all. "You cannot see the show in the four days that you have. We have over 3200 different industries showing over 20,000 new products. It's ly incredible." What can we know from Gary Shapiro? | [
"CES is only a big trade show.",
"CES offers a glimpse into the future.",
"CES lasts only four days in all.",
"He thinks little of the new products' quality."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4505 | On a Saturday morning earlier this September, the world got its first look at the Strati. This electric vehicle is unlike any other currently on the road. It rolls on four wheels, but its body and chassis weren't built in a factory. Instead, Strati's designers used a technology called 3-D printing. It created those parts of the car in one piece, from the ground up. "Compared to a typical vehicle on the road, the Strati definitely looks different," says Greg Schroeder, a senior research engineer at the Center for Automotive Research in Ann Arbor, Mich. He did not work on the new car. His organization studies trends and changes in the auto industry. It took 44 hours to print the new car at the International Manufacturing Technology Show in Chicago. Over the next few days, the car's designers installed additional parts. These included the car's engine, brakes and tires. Then, early on September 13, Jay Rogers climbed into the car, started its engine and drove the vehicle onto the street. Rogers helped found Local Motors. It's the Arizona-based company behind the Strati. Two weeks later, his team printed a second Strati, and just as fast, at a fair in New York City. Justin Fishkin, a local Motors official, sees the Strati as a window into the future. Today, car buyers are limited in their choice of a vehicle. They can order only what car companies have already designed. But in the future, he says, you may be able to design your own car online and then get it printed to order. Manufacturing experts say 3-D printing has begun to revolutionize how they make things. The technology has been around for decades. But these machines used to be so expensive that only large companies could afford them. In the last few years, though, that has changed. Many of the machines are now inexpensive enough for small companies--or even individuals --to own. Some local libraries make them available to the public. High Schools are beginning to use them in classrooms. Wide access to these printers means people can now design and print a wide variety of new things. The car's printer is a one-of-a-kind device. The technology behind the 3-D printer used in Chicago is an example of additive manufacturing. This process builds solid objects, slice by slice, from the bottom up. ("Strati" means layers, in Italian.) A mechanical arm moves a _ from one side to another, back and forth. As it moves, the nozzle deposits a liquid--often melted plastic or metal (but it could be food, concrete or even cells) --that quickly hardens or bonds to become solid or semi-solid. This creates a single, thin layer. Once a layer is complete, the printer starts depositing the next one. "There's a lot of interest in 3-D printing in the auto industry," says Schroeder. Right now, the technology is particularly useful for building models of cars or car parts. To compete with current auto manufacturers, the 3-D printer would have to increase in a hurry, Schroeder says. By contrast, he notes, a Ford F-150 pickup truck rolls off an assembly line at a rate of roughly one per minute. To print as many Stratis would require many more printers. Schroeder says he doesn't see 3-D printing soon taking over for such high-volume manufacturing. But, he adds, "Who knows what will happen in the long term?" Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee designed the 3-D printer used in Chicago. Lonnie Love, a research scientist at the lab, led the effort. Additive manufacturing often is slow and expensive. It also may produce materials that are unreliable, Love says. So for two years, his team searched for ways to make 3-D printing better. They built new machines and tested them over and over. All of that work paid off: their new machine is fast and uses less expensive material than earlier printers. In addition, it prints a plastic embedded with fibers of carbon to produce a stronger material. This helps ensure the material won't crack or break under pressure. Which of the following statements about the first Strati is TRUE? | [
"It was born in a car factory in Chicago.",
"All parts of it were not made by using a technology called 3-D technology.",
"It is a pity that it has not run on the street so far.",
"Many senior research engineers worked on it, including Greg Schroeder."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21978 | Which would make an animal fat? | [
"a canary drinking water",
"a cat having too much perch",
"a rice plant getting too much sun",
"a dog running freely"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19951 | A penguin, while a bird, would avoid living in | [
"a cold pole",
"a zoo",
"a frozen habitat",
"a native forest"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11764 | Europe's deadly outbreak of a rare form of E. coli bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick? Of course, one way to avoid these medical mysteries is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This is easier said than done, but scientists keep looking for new ways. Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a high-tech optical scanner. The system is designed to identify the presence of contaminants like soil or animal waste on fresh produce. These can be sources of E. coli. E. coli bacteria naturally live in the intestines of humans and many animals. Most kinds of E. coli are harmless but some can make people sick. The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers. Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agriculture research center in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team. MOON KIM: "We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to detect contamination in produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample." The scanner uses a high-speed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long. MOON KIM: "We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years." The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventers hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface. The high-tech scanner _ . | [
"can help to sort out different fruits",
"make the produce appeal to shoppers",
"can only capture images of the whole apple",
"can identify the presence of contaminants"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16250 | Sarah ran in, shouting, "Look what I found!" Over the top of the paper I was reading; came a terrible thing that caused me to jump. It was a snake skin found in our garden. "Isn't it beautiful?" said my seven-year-old daughter. I opened my eyes widely and looked at the snake skin in fear . I didn't think it was beautiful, but I learned never to appear nonchalant with children. Everything they see for the first time is important to their sense of beauty; they see only excellence in the world. "Why does it do this?" Sarah asked. "Snakes shed their skins because they need to renew themselves," I explained. "Why do they need to renew themselves?" Sarah asked. "We often need to shed our skins, those coatings that we cover ourselves with," I said to my daughter. "We leave some things and find other thing unwanted or unnecessary. This snake no longer needs this skin. It is probably too little for him, and he probably doesn't think he looks as smart in it as he once did. " As we talked, I knew that she began to understand. Although she couldn't understand clearly, she would know that renewal is part of progress; that we need to take a good look at ourselves, our rooms, schoolwork and spirit, and see what we need to keep and what we need to leave. I was careful to tell that this is a natural way, not one to be forced. "Snakes don't peel off their skins when they like them. "I explained. "It happens as a natural thing of their growth. " "I see, Dad," said Sarah as she held the snake skin, and then ran off. I hoped she would remember this; we need to throw some away because they are worthless or unnecessary. Then we can store them as memories in our deep hearts. Father jumped up when her daughter came to him with a snake skin because _ . | [
"he didn't want to read any more",
"he was in great fear of it",
"he wanted to praised her daughter",
"he hated snakes"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15644 | The Internet has become part of teenagers' life. A new report shows that 38 percent (......) of 3,375 students use the Internet often. Most of the students get useful information for their studies, but some are not using it in a good way. Many students are playing online games too much. Some even visit some unhealthy websites. A teacher from Beijing Yinghua Middle School, Hong Ying warns that something bad can happen if young people spend too much time on the Internet. She said that one of her students used to be good at school. But when he started visiting unhealthy websites,he hurt a girl by cheating online. At last the police caught him and sent him into the prison . In order to help young people use the Internet safely, some schools in Shanghai find a good way. The schools provide a textbook for the students. The book uses real examples to teach students about good ways of using the Internet. Teachers and parents all think the book is good. Hong said that the book will help students keep away from the bad behaviors of using computer. The book will teach students how to be a good person in the online world. The police took the boy away because _ . | [
"the police liked him",
"he was interested in the Internet",
"he cheated and hurt a girl online",
"he didn't study hard"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20317 | If a tree has large seeds, then so did | [
"the trees it came from",
"Johnny Appleseed in a pouch",
"the birds in the trees",
"the surrounding leaves and bushes"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1718 | Once there was a fish who had lived his whole life in his bowl. He often got bored and wished to see the rest of the world, but because he was a fish, he couldn't leave the water. So one day he made a special fish suit that would allow him to walk on land and breathe air like humans. He knew this would change his life, and make him rich, but first he would have to test it out. He put the suit on and leaped from the bowl that until now had been his whole world. The suit worked! Now he could go where he wanted. First he went to the kitchen of the house. There he saw a parrot eating a cracker. Second he went outside to the yard. He saw squirrels there running around looking for food. Third he went to the barn in the field. He saw a mommy cow. She was teaching her calf how to run. Finally he went to forest where he saw more trees than he had ever seen in his whole life. But after all this he was tired, and made up his mind to go back to his home in the bowl. It was a lot of work trying to see the world. He took off the special suit and splashed back into the water. His suit had passed the test and he was very happy, but he had made up his mind that his bowl was the place for him. Where had the fish lived his whole life? | [
"In the yard.",
"In the trees.",
"In his bowl.",
"In a barn."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9146 | While very young unmanned aircraft industry looks at ways to improve small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for specific tasks such facility security, infrastructure inspection, or precision agriculture, a New Mexico-based aerospace founder is thinking bigger and longer-term ones. Titan Aerospace, a one-year-old aircraft designer, last week unveiled its Solara 50 and Solara 60 unmanned aircraft. These are two large solar-powered>> high-altitude vehicles the company plans to send up into space for weeks,months>> and eventually years at a time without ever having to land. Titan doesn't refer to these concept aircraft as "drones " or "unmanned aircraft system," but instead calls them "atmospheric satellites" for their ability to remain in the sky for extended periods of time just as orbital satellites do. The company hopes to provide a platform of less than $2 million that governments, private industry, and research institutions can put high into the atmosphere for extended periods of time for a little part of the cost of a space satellite. The idea is that an atmospheric satellite can conduct most of the same operations as an orbital one: atmospheric observation and weather monitoring, communications relay, oceanographic research, and earth imaging. Other operations are impractical for space satellites, such as border security, maritime traffic monitoring and anti-piracy operations, disaster response, or agricultural observation. And with continuous flight time of up to five years, Solara's aircraft would have endurance on par with (......) many small satellites, making them a more attractive choice for a range of these applications. "If you have to go up to the orbital satellite and rent that service>> that's a lot of money," says Dustin Sanders, Titan's chief electrical engineer. "And launching a satellite, that can cost billions of dollars. We're trying to do a single-million-dollar-per-aircraft platform. And the operation cost is almost nothing--you're paying a little money and make sure the aircraft doesn't do anything stupid. " The writer writes the passage to introduce _ . | [
"the development of aircraft industry.",
"a new kind of orbital satellite",
"a company called \"Tian Aerospace\"",
"the newly-designed \"atmospheric satellites\""
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4801 | The lights dimmed,the musical hall grew quiet and out walked the conductor shiny and white and 4 feet and 3 inches tall. ASIMO, a robot designed by Honda Motor Co., met its latest challenge Tuesday evening: Conducting the Detroit Symphony , in a performance of "The Impossible Dream" from "Man of La Mancha". "Hello, everyone," ASIMO said to the audience in a childlike voice, then waved to the orchestra. As it conducted, it perfectly mimicked the actions of a conductor, nodding its head at various sections and gesturing with one or both hands. ASIMO took a final bow to excited shouts from the audience. Later, cellist Yo-Yo Ma joined ASIMO onstage to receive an award for his efforts in music education. Honda spokeswoman Alicia Jones says it is the first time ASIMO has conducted an orchestra, and it may be the first time any robot has conducted a live performance. But ASIMO has its limits. ASIMO's engineers programmed the robot to mimic Charles Burke, the Detroit Symphony's education director, as he conducted the piece in front of a pianist about six months ago. But it can't respond to the musicians. "It's not a communicative device. It simply is programmed to do a set of gestures," said Leonard Slatkin, the orchestra's musical director. "If the orchestra decides to go faster, there's nothing the robot can do about it. Hopefully, I keep that under control." But several musicians also said ASIMO was more realistic than they expected. "The movements are still a little stiff , but very humanlike, much better than I thought," Hutchinson said. Whose conducting was ASIMO made to copy? | [
"Yo-Yo Ma's.",
"Charles Burke's.",
"Leonard Slatkin's.",
"Alicia Jones's."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8749 | Britain is facing a sharp rise in its rat population as growing numbers of people leave what they cannot finish of the fast food in the street, an environment group warned .Keep Britain Tidy said the rats were stopping their traditional hunts underground and were running across the streets, invited by burgers, pizzas and crisps left behind by man. "The rat population is on the rise and soon it'll be as common to see a rat on our street as it is to see a dog or a cat," said group Director, Sue Nelson. The practice of spreading fast food litter and scraps on the street rather than in the dustbin--with young men the worst group--was behind the rise. According to the National Rodent Survey in 2005, Britain's rat population has grown by nearly one quarter since 2000 and is now estimated at 60 million, two million more than the human population. On average a rat can give birth every 24-28 days and just a single pair of rats can produce a family of 2,000 a year. Around 200 people a year get Weil's Disease -an infection which can lead to liver or kidney failure and eventually death and which is carried in rats' waste. To attract people's attention to the problem, Keep Britain Tidy produced a cinema ad with a title "How close do you want them to get?" The ad gave a shocking image of a young woman sleeping in a bed of rats--reminding people of the terrible scene from James Herbert's classic horror tale The Rats, in which rats begin to hunt for humans. We may infer from the passage that _ . | [
"Weil's Disease will finally end the world",
"pizzas and crisps will become unpopular",
"rats will put human beings' life in danger",
"young people should take the responsibility for the rat population"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2375 | Security--for the information on your smartphone, as well as for the phone itself---is a hot topic these days. The truth is that you're packing a lot of sensitive information on your phone, and you should keep it safe. When it comes to physical security, iPhone users would do well to download Find My iPhone, a free app from Apple that allows you to visit a website and see your (lost, stolen or misplaced) phone on the map. You can then sound an alarm, send a message that will pop up on its screen, lock the phone or erase all your data. Android does not have an exact equivalent , but there are plenty of alternatives. A free app called Lookout offers the find-my-phone feature. The paid version allows you to wipe the data from your phone remotely. Then there is your coffee shop's WiFi network. Anyone with minimal technical expert skill can snoop on people using shared wireless networks, harvesting passwords and other personal data. Lookout's apps will caution you when you've logged on to an insecure network, but cannot protect you once you're there. In order to protect yourself on such networks, you can use a virtual private network, or V.P.N. This turns all your activity into nonsense to anyone trying to read along with you from across the Starbucks. It also keeps websites from tracking you and, if you're traveling, allows you to get access to sites that may be blocked in other countries. If you have an iPhone, the simplest V.P.N. app is probably Hotspot Shield, whose distinguishing feature is said to be that it automatically kicks in each time you start browsing , as opposed to other V.P.N. apps that require you to start them up manually . This matters, because even if you decide you want a V.P.N. app, you want to spend approximately zero time thinking about it. For the most part, _ was true of Hotspot Shield, though occasionally it took a while to connect or temporarily lost connection without warning. I found myself having to turn the app on and off sometimes, which involved setting my phone constantly. If even reading about the setting on your phone drives you crazy, then it is probably best to stay away from a V.P.N. app. But if you're the type who can't resist checking your bank balance from your comer bar, the hassle may be preferable to the risk. By using V.P.N., users can _ . | [
"find their lost phone on the Internet",
"remove all the data form the phone remotely",
"check the bank balance now and then",
"save their browsing from being tracked"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21460 | Wide tree rings mean | [
"happiness",
"thriving",
"money",
"magic"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1797 | Andrew wanted to make some extra money to buy a toy truck that he really wanted but didn't get for his birthday. The truck cost thirty dollars and it made four different noises. The truck also had a ladder that was three feet long. Andrew had asked for it for his birthday but didn't get it. He did get a camera from his uncle and a puzzle from his friend. In order to make the money his mom told him that he needed to do chores around the house. His mom told him that he could make five dollars by mowing the lawn. He chose to do this chore and it took him three hours. She then gave him the money. He also chose to walk the dog every day for a week which made him one dollar a day. His grandpa gave him a late birthday present for his birthday. His grandpa's gift was twelve dollars. He spent the afternoon counting his money and found that he was still short of his goal. What does Andrew want to buy? | [
"a dog",
"a gift",
"a lawn",
"a toy truck"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8567 | Tu Youyou, 84, honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct 5, 2015. She was the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure for malaria. At the time, malaria spread by mosquitoes was killing Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523. Researchers in Mission523 _ ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240,000 compounds around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood , which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team isolated one active compound in wormwood, artemisinin , which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites . The team then tested extracts of the compound but nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she improved the drug recipe one final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. "As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility." she explained. Which of the following words can best describe Tu Youyou? | [
"Responsible",
"Traditional",
"Stubborn",
"Lucky"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8857 | To wash yourself, you take a bath or a shower. Animals need to keep clean, too. How do animals clean themselves? Cats themselves to keep their fur clean. Have you ever watched a pet cat clean itself? Elephants take baths much as you do. But instead of jumping into the , they walk into a river or lake. Pigs also like to roll around in water. This keeps them clean and cool. If there is no clean water, they will roll in on a hot day. They do this to cool off. Pigs do not really like mud. They are happier in a nice, clean pond . Bats have a funny way to keep clean. They lick their thumbs to clean their ears! Guess how polar bears clean themselves. They use snow, of course! Some animals take baths in dust instead of water! The wombat is an Australian animal with lots of fur. To get clean, it lies down. Then it covers itself with sand! Birds clean themselves in many ways. Sometimes they wash in water. That's why some people put birdbaths in their yard. At other times birds take dust baths, just like wombats. Birds also use their to keep their feathers clean. They use their beaks the way you use a comb. Sometimes a bird has in its feathers. Birds may use ants to help them clean off the bugs. A bird will lie down on an ant nest. Then the ants will crawl on the bird. The ants make a kind of bug on the feathers;. Then the itchy bugs die! Birds take baths in something else besides dust and ants! Some birds take "smoke baths" They sit on chimneys. They wave their wings in the smoke! Which of the following animals use dust to clean themselves? | [
"Cats.",
"Bats.",
"Wombats.",
"Ants."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17724 | Changes to abiotic factors in an environment can impact biotic factors. Which statement is the BEST example of this situation? | [
"Heavy rainfall increases soil erosion.",
"Melting glaciers cause sea levels to rise.",
"Cold temperatures cause rocks to weather.",
"Drought conditions increase competition among consumers."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8049 | Scientists who discovered a new way of generating electricity from water say they may have come across an alternative source of clean energy to rival wind and solar power. The breakthrough, which scientists say is the first new way to generate electricity in 160 years, could lead to batteries that use water instead of poisonous substances. The scientists made the discovery when they were investigating what happens when tap water is forced through extremely narrow glass tubes. Water squeezed down the tubes, each of which was narrower than a tenth the thickness of a human hair, generating a small electric current that ran the length of the tube. To produce a larger electric current, the team tried forcing water through a glass water filter that contained thousands of narrow channels lined up side by side. "When we took a syringe of water and squeezed it through the filter, we got enough power to light a light bulb," said Larry Kostiuk of the University of Alberta in Canada. "The harder you push the syringe, the more electric current you get." The current is produced because of an effect in the glass tubes. When they are filled with water, positively charged ions fixed in the tubes are washed away, leaving a slight negative charge on the glass surface. When water is then forced along the tube, the surface _ negatively charged ions in the water while positively charged ions are attracted down the tube. The result is a net flow of positively charged ions that sets up an electric current. According to Dr Kostiuk, no one has ever thought to use water to produce electricity in this way. "The last time someone came up with a way of generating electricity was Michael Faraday in 1839," he said. "So this is the first new way of generating electricity in 160 years, which is why we are so excited about it." Dr Kostiuk says water batteries might one day be used to power mobile phones and calculators, but admitted that the engineering challenges might make other applications more realistic. "You'd need to be sure it wouldn't leak, and you'd need to make sure it wouldn't freeze," he said. More likely would be to install the electricity-generating devices where water is already being pumped, such as at city water filtration sites, he said. "It could compete with wind and solar power," he added. What does the passage mainly want to tell us about? | [
"A kind of solar power discovered by scientists.",
"A kind of new energy source found in tap water.",
"The breakthrough to generate electricity 160 yeas ago.",
"A kind of new battery invented without poisonous substances."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18572 | Which of these characteristics best helps scientists classify organisms? | [
"size",
"color",
"gender",
"structure"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15814 | Many children use the Internet to get useful knowledge and information, and to relax in their free time. But some of them are not using it in a good way. Here are some rules to make sure you are safe and have fun on the Internet. Make rules for Internet use with your parents. For example, when you can go online, for how long and what activities you can do online. Don't give your password to anyone else, and never give out the following information: your real name ,home address, age, school, phone number or other personal information. Check with your parents before giving out a credit card number. Never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mail unless your parents say it's OK. Check with your parents before going into a chat room. Different chat rooms have different rules and attract different kinds of people. You and your parents will want to make sure it's a right place for you. Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parent's permission. Never meet anyone you met online alone. Always remember that people online may not be who they say they are. Treat everyone online as if they were strangers. If something you see or read online makes you uncomfortable, leave the site. Tell a parent or a teacher right away. Treat other people as you'd like to be treated. Never use bad language. Remember that not everything you read on the Internet is true. The best title for this passage is " _ ". | [
"How to use computers",
"Surfing on the Internet",
"Information on the Internet",
"Internet safety rules"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22431 | At the end of their season lumberjacks will seed a new | [
"batch of chickens",
"track of land",
"popcorn machine",
"home garden"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19715 | A pulley is used to lift what on a flagpole? | [
"banner",
"thermometer",
"plants",
"food"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14138 | I wonder whether there is any girl or boy who does not like to see a rainbow in the sky. It is so beautiful. There is a story, saying that whenever you see a rainbow you should run at once to the place where it touches the ground, and there you would find a pot of gold. Of course it is not true. You could not find the pot of gold or its end. No matter how far you run, it always seems far away. A rainbow is not a thing which we can feel with our hands as we can feel a flower. It is only the effect of light shining on raindrops. The raindrops catch the sunlight and break it up into all the wonderful colours which we see. It is called a rainbow perhaps because it is made up of raindrops and looks like a bow . That is why we can never see a rainbow in a clear sky. We see a rainbow only when there is rain in the air and the sun is shining brightly through the clouds. Every rainbow has many colours in the same order. The first or the top colour is always red, and the next comes orange, then yellow, and last of all, blue. A rainbow is indeed one of the wonders of nature. Children like rainbows because _ . | [
"they are beautiful",
"they are like bows",
"they can find a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow",
"they are good to crops"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13638 | Dear Jenny, I'm sorry you're sick and can't come to school this week. Let me tell you what you have on Monday next week. We have math at 8:00. How boring! Then we have English. That's interesting. I know you love English. Next is P.E.. The fourth lesson is art. That's my favorite subject! In the afternoon, we have history with Mr. Chen. He is fun but history isn't. Then at 2:00 we have science with Miss Jones. You know how strict she is. I don't like her. Our last class of the day is math. Yours, Ben Their first lesson is _ . | [
"math",
"English",
"science",
"art"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5420 | Knots are the kind of stuff that even myths are made of.In the Greek legend of the Gordian knot, for example, Alexander the Great used his sword to slice through a knot that had failed all previous attempts to unite it. Knots, enjoy a long history of tales and fanciful names such as "Englishman's tie, " "and "cat's paw. " Knots became the subject of serious scientific investigation when in the 1860s the English physicist William Thomson (known today as Lord Kelvin) proposed that atoms were in fact knotted tubes of ether . In order to be able to develop the equivalent of a periodic table of the elements, Thomson had to be able to classify knots -- find out which different knots were possible. This sparked a great interest in the mathematical theory of knots. A mathematical knot looks very much like a familiar knot in a string, only with the string's ends joined. In Thomson's theory, knots could, in principle at least, model atoms of increasing complexity, such as the hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms, respectively. For knots to be truly useful in a mathematical theory, however, mathematicians searched for some precise way of proving that what appeared to be different knots were really different -- the couldn't be transformed one into the other by some simple manipulation . Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Scottish mathematician Peter Guthrie Tait and the University of Nebraska professor Charles Newton Little published complete tables of knots with up to ten crossings. Unfortunately, by the time that this heroic effort was completed, Kelvin's theory had already been totally discarded as a model for atomic structure. Nevertheless, even without any other application in sight, the mathematical interest in knot theory continued at _ point for its own sake. In fact, mathematical became even more fascinated by knots. The only difference was that, as the British mathematician Sir Michael Atiyah has put it, "the study of knots became a special branch of pure mathematics. " Two major breakthroughs in knot theory occurred in 1928 and in 1984. In 1928, the American mathematician James Waddell Alexander discovered an algebraic expression that uses the arrangement of crossings to label the knot. For example, t2-t+1 or t2-3t+1, or else. Decades of work in the theory of knots finally produced the second breakthrough in 1984. The New Zealander-American mathematician Vaughan Jones noticed an unexpected relation between knots and another abstract branch of mathematics, which led to the discovery of a more sensitive invariant known as the Jones polynomial. According to the passage, _ shows the most updated study about knots. | [
"t 2-t+1",
"t 2-3t+1",
"Alexander polynomial",
"Jones polynomial"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15185 | Mr. White's family decided to repair their house. Mr. White bought the house two and a half years ago. Since his kids were growing up, he and his wife wanted to make some changes to the house. They decided to knock down their living room wall to open up the space. When the wooden walls were moved, they were shocked to find a lizard stuck in the small space between the walls. The lizard's foot was stuck by a nail which was knocked into the wall from the other side several months ago. However, they wondered how the lizard had _ so long without moving from that place. The family decided to wait for a while and see how the lizard survived several months without moving. While they were doing other things, they kept an eye on the lizard. The son, Ray, suddenly shouted, "Dad, look here!" Another lizard appeared, carrying food to the stuck lizard's mouth. That was a real surprise! Everyone was touched that the lizard fed the other one for all this time. Both lizards had never-ending hope for each other and carried their hearts with love and care. Why can't we humans always carry that kind of love in our hearts? Life is full of all kinds of difficulties. What we can do is to give our hand to the one in need and share our love. Sharing is caring. Which of the following is NOT true? | [
"The lizards didn't give up hope.",
"The son helped the stuck lizard out.",
"Another lizard came to feed the stuck one.",
"The family was moved by the lizard's act."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4291 | Holding a cell phone against your ear or stalling it in your pocket may be hazardous to your health. This paraphrases a warning that cell phone; manufacturers include in the small print that is often tossed aside when a new phone is purchased.Apple, for example, doesn't want iP hones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, Blackberry's manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters. If health issues arise from cell phone use, the implications are huge.Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion minutes annually - generate $109 billion for the wireless carriers. Devra Davis, an epidemiologist who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, "Disconnect." The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled. Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population. "Most cancers have multiple causes," she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer. Children are more vulnerable to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says. Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiofrequency radiation had damaged DNA in their brains. Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone's speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen. According to the passage, how could children avoid being hurt by cell phone radiation? | [
"They can keep cell phones away from the abdomen.",
"They can send short massage instead of making phone calls directly.",
"They can pay more attention to the small print on the phone.",
"They should use more advanced cell phones."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19646 | A young boy is reprimanded by his mother for sleeping with his heavy blankets over his head. His mother is worried that if the boy continues to sleep like that, he will suffocate. This is because | [
"beds can cause issues with breathing",
"breathing at night is deadly",
"CO2 in large amounts is fatal",
"CO2 can be ambivalent"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21252 | If you miss seeing a full moon, how long will you have to wait until you get another chance? | [
"7 days",
"a month",
"a week",
"168 hours"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8495 | Do we really know what dinosaurs looked like? Of course we do. We see them everywhere, not only in museums, but also in movies, magazines, and even in the toys we get from McDonald's. Since the days of early cinema, dinosaurs have captured our imaginations. They are often shown as scaly beasts with sharp horns and crocodile-like bellies . But the big screen dinosaurs are "a leap from what we know", Mark Norell, who studies dinosaurs at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, told Discover magazine. The reality of drawing dinosaurs for movie studios, magazines, or museums is that the artist often only has half of a skeleton to work with. Many existing and newly-discovered dinosaurs do not have a complete skeleton, which makes it difficult to tell what they looked like. And even with a complete skeleton, there is a lot of room for interpretation. "Look at an elephant's trunk and ears," Jason Brougham, a dinosaur sculptor at the American Museum of Natural History, told Discover magazine. "It's impossible to guess those features by only looking at the skeleton." Researchers suggest that the dinosaurs of old could have had trunks like an elephant or even red necks like a turkey. They could have had colorful spots, stripes , and other interesting patterns on their bodies, just like snakes. Yet, with only a few fossilized bones to study, it is impossible to know for sure. Remember the cruel and quick-running velociraptors in the US film Jurassic Park? Now experts believe that they were much smaller than in the movies, about the size of a large chicken, the BBC has reported. Since the 1990s, some well-preserved dinosaur fossils have been found in China's Liaoning province. Thanks to that, we have known for a while that one group of dinosaurs was covered in feathers. And thanks to the recent discovery of a feathered plant-eating species in Russia, many scientists now believe more dinosaurs than we previously thought had feathers, much like a chicken. Also, in 2007, scientists confirmed that the closest living relative of T-Rex, the most feared and famous of all the dinosaurs, is a chicken. Now, who are you calling "chicken"? The author mainly makes his point by _ . | [
"making contrasts",
"giving examples",
"quoting numbers",
"describing movie scenes"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7740 | It is easier to float in the ocean than it is to float in a swimming pool. Do you know why? Ocean water is full of salt-- and salt water can hold up more weigh than fresh water. See for yourself! You Will Need: * 3 cups of warm water * Measuring cup * Wide-mouthed jar * Salt * Spoon * Raw potato You Will Do: Pour 1.5 cups of warm water into the jar.Add 1/3 cup of salt.Stir until the salt is completely dissolved.Add another 1.5 cups of water. Pour it slowly over the back of the spoon into the jar so that the two liquid will not mix together. Gently place the potato into the jar. Do not drop it. What Will Happen: The potato will sink-- but only halfway! Why? Salt water is heavier than fresh water, so it will stay on the bottom. The fresh water will remain on top. The potato is heavier than the fresh water, but it is lighter than the salt water. That is why the potato will sink halfway down. In the experiment, what should you do right after you pour the water over the spoon? | [
"Add the salt to the water.",
"Stir the salt into the water.",
"Place the potato in the jar.",
"Pour warm water into thejar."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17652 | When a student uses the equation, mass multiplied by change in temperature multiplied by specific heat, what is being calculated? q = m \times C \times \Delta T | [
"a phase change",
"stored energy",
"heat convection",
"heat gain or heat loss"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12004 | Cell phones: is there a cancer link? Could your cell phone give you cancer? Whether it could or not, some people are worrying about the possibility that phones, power lines and Wi-Fi could be responsible for a range of illnesses, from rashes to brain tumors. Some say there is evidence to support the growing anxieties. David Carpenter, a professor of environmental health sciences at the university at Albany, in New York, thinks there's a greater than 95 percent chance that power lines can cause childhood leukemia . Also there's a greater than 90 percent chance that cell phones can cause brain tumors. "It's apparent now that there's a real risk, " said Carpenter. But others believe these concerns are unjustified. Dr Martha Linet, the head of radiation epidemiology at the US National Cancer Institute, has looked at the same research as Carpenter but has reached a different conclusion. "I don't support warning labels for cell phones, " said Linet. "We don't have the evidence that there's much danger. " Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs and illness-- so weak that it might not exist at all. A multinational investigation of cell phones and brain cancer, in 13 countries outside the US, has been underway for several years. It's funded in part by the European Union, in part by a cell phone industry group. The final report should come out later this year, but data so far don't suggest a strong link between cell phone use and cancer risk. By saying "I don't support warning labels for cell phones, " Dr Martha Linet has the idea that _ . | [
"the worrying is unnecessary",
"cancer-warning labels should be on cell phones",
"there is a link between cell phones and cancer",
"cell phones have nothing to do with cancer"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10317 | Read the following directions on a bottle of medicine: "Take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required, For maximum night-time and early morning relief, take two tablets at bed - time, Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount for a grownup. For children under six years old, ask for your doctor's advice. Reduce the amount if nervousness, _ , or sleeplessness occurs," If one cannot sleep, it is suggested that he _ . | [
"take two tablets before going to bed.",
"take less than two tablets before going to bed.",
"stop taking the medicine.",
"ask advice of a doctor."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22496 | reproduction is when an organism passes genetic information from itself to its what? | [
"feet",
"child support",
"brain",
"younglings"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_571 | Which of these is never found in prokaryotic cells? | [
"cell membrane",
"ribosome",
"cell wall",
"nucleus"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14808 | There is a girl. Her name is Chen Rong. She's a student in Grade Four at Jiajiao Primary School in Chongqing. Teachers and students all like her, because this eleven-year-old girl studies very well and she is very diligent . Every day she is the first one to come to the classroom and clean the classroom. At home Chen Rong is a filial girl. There's something wrong with her mother's eyes so Chen Rong cooks for her parents every morning. There's something with her father's left hand . After school Chen Rong works in the _ with him. She hasn't got time to play. She says she is her father's left hand and her mother's eyes. There is something wrong with Chen Rong's mother's _ . | [
"hands",
"ears",
"eyes",
"arms"
] | null | C |
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