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"Fred Hellerman Fred Hellerman (May 13, 1927 – September 1, 2016) was an American folk singer, guitarist, producer, and songwriter. Hellerman was an original member of the seminal American folk group The Weavers, together with Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, and Ronnie Gilbert. He produced the record album \"Alice's Restaurant\" (1967) for Arlo Guthrie, played accompaniment guitar on scores of folk albums, and wrote a number of folk and protest songs. Born on May 13, 1927 in Brooklyn, New York to Jewish parents, Hellerman was the youngest of three children. His father, Harry, was an immigrant from Riga, Latvia and mother, Clara (née Robinson), was born in the United States to immigrants from Riga. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1949 at Brooklyn College. In 1948, Hellerman formed the Weavers with Seeger, Ronnie Gilbert, and Lee Hays. Hellerman wrote and co-wrote some of their hits. He also wrote under the aliases Fred Brooks and Bob Hill. Because of his involvement with left-wing groups during the 1930s and 1940s, Hellerman came under suspicion of Communist sympathies during the McCarthy era. In 1950, Hellerman was named, along with the rest of the Weavers, in the anti-communist tract \"Red Channels\" and was placed on the industry blacklist. In February 1952, an FBI informant testified that the Weavers were members of the Communist party. The group, unable to perform on television, radio, or in most music halls, broke up in 1952, but resumed singing in 1955. They continued together until 1963 (with changes in personnel). He also played on Joan Baez's eponymous first album in 1960. The Weavers held several reunion concerts in 1980, shortly before Hays' death, which were documented in the film \"\" (1982). Hellermen, writing under the name of Fred Brooks, arranged \"Green Grow the Lilacs\" on Harry Belafonte's 1959 album, \"Love is a Gentle Thing\". The song was based on a traditional song of Irish origin that was widely sung in the US in the 19th century with different lyrics. Hellerman wrote two original verses and adapted the chorus. Hellerman married the writer Susan Lardner, the daughter of John Lardner, in 1970. The Hellermans had two children, Caleb and Simeon. Hellerman was the last surviving original member of the Weavers. He died on September 1, 2016, at his home in Weston, Connecticut, at the age of 89. Fred Hellerman Fred Hellerman (May 13, 1927 – September 1, 2016) was"
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"Euspinolia militaris The panda ant (Euspinolia militaris) is a species of hymenoptera insect from the Mutillidae family. Despite looking like an ant and being referred as such, it is in fact a form of wingless wasp. It inhabits the Chilean sclerophyll forests at Coquimbo. The animal is colloquially known as \"panda ant\" due to its fur and coloration; with white coat covering all of its head except the eyes, and black and white spots appearing over the rest of its segments.This insect is also known as cow-killer. Females possess thicker fur but lack wings. The species may be endangered due to excessive predation, despite a fertile yearly spawning numbering in the thousands. The furry panda ant lives for about 2 years. The \"panda ant\" does not live with other \"panda ants\" in colonies or make nests for habitat. They rather be alone than with other \"panda ants.\" Another species is a velvet ant, it is the same ant but in different colors. Euspinolia militaris The panda ant (Euspinolia militaris) is a species of hymenoptera insect from the Mutillidae family. Despite looking like an ant and being referred as such, it is in fact a form of wingless wasp. It inhabits"
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"Norman Burton Norman Burton (December 5, 1923 – November 29, 2003), occasionally credited as Normann Burton, was an American stage film and television actor. Born in New York City, Burton was a student of The Actor's Studio. After early work on stage, he broke into films with a minor role in \"Fright\" (1956). His career in film and television was long and relatively successful, but he never achieved major recognition. He played the Hunt Leader, a gorilla, in the science fiction film \"Planet of the Apes\", notable as being the first ape to be seen by both Taylor and the audience, and also appeared as a (human) army officer in the second sequel \"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\" (1971). In film, he is perhaps best known for his unconventional (and frequently disparaged) performance as Felix Leiter in the James Bond film \"Diamonds Are Forever\" (1971). He played Will Giddings, an ill fated engineer, in the action film \"The Towering Inferno\" (1974), and his later films included \"The Gumball Rally\" (1976), \"Crimes of Passion\" (1984) and \"Deep Space\" (1988). He played Dennis Christopher's mean and ill fated boss in the slasher \"Fade To Black\" (1980). On television, he is best known for his performance as Inter-Agency Defense Command's supervisor Joe Atkinson during the second season of the DC Comics-based fantasy adventure drama series \"The New Adventures of Wonder Woman\" starring Lynda Carter. He also played Burt Dennis in the situation comedy \"The Ted Knight Show\" in the spring of 1978, and appeared as General George Marshall in the 1988 television miniseries \"War and Remembrance\". Throughout his life, Burton was a devotee of the method school of acting, and taught method acting in Lakeside, California. Burton was just six days short of his 80th birthday when he died as a result of an auto accident while returning from Ajijic, Mexico near the California-Arizona state line. Norman Burton Norman Burton (December 5, 1923 – November 29, 2003), occasionally credited as Normann Burton, was an American stage film and television actor. Born in New York City, Burton was a student of The Actor's Studio. After early work on stage, he broke into films with a minor role in \"Fright\" (1956). His career in film and television was long and relatively successful, but he never achieved major recognition. He played the Hunt Leader, a gorilla, in the science fiction film \"Planet of the"
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"Howard S. Sheehy Jr. Howard Sherman (\"Bud\") Sheehy Jr. was a member of the First Presidency of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church) from 1978 to 2000. Sheehy was also an apostle and a member of the church's Council of Twelve Apostles from 1968 to 1978. Sheehy was born in Denver, Colorado, and became a full-time minister of the RLDS Church in 1960. On April 1, 1968, church president W. Wallace Smith selected Sheehy as a member of the church's Council of Twelve Apostles. On April 3, 1978, Wallace B. Smith succeeded his father as church president and selected Sheehy and Duane E. Couey as his counselors. On April 15, 1996, when Smith retired as church president and was succeeded by W. Grant McMurray, Sheehy was retained by McMurray as a counselor in the First Presidency. Kenneth N. Robinson was selected as McMurray's other counselor. Sheehy was a member of the First Presidency that made the decision to change the name of the church to Community of Christ in 2000. Sheehy retired from full-time church service in 2000 and was replaced in the First Presidency by Peter A. Judd. Sheehy earned degrees from Graceland University, Central Missouri State University, and the University of Kansas and was a lieutenant in the United States Naval Reserve. In 2013, the Community of Christ awarded Sheehy the Temple Ambassador Corps Service Award for his volunteer work with groups that reduce hunger and poverty. Howard S. Sheehy Jr. Howard Sherman (\"Bud\") Sheehy Jr. was a member of the First Presidency of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church) from 1978 to 2000. Sheehy was also an apostle and a member of the church's Council of Twelve Apostles from 1968 to 1978. Sheehy was born"
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"Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky (also known as Story of Ricky; ) is a 1991 Hong Kong martial arts-thriller film written and directed by Lam Nai-Choi, and based on the Japanese manga \"Riki-Oh\" by Masahiko Takajo and Saruwatari Tetsuya. The film stars Fan Siu-wong, Fan Mei-sheng (Siu-wong's real-life father), Ho Ka-kui, Gloria Yip, and Yukari Oshima. Fan Siu-wong plays Ricky Ho Lik Wong (Lik Wong is the character's given name, but the subtitles use the anglicized \"Ricky\") who is a young man who has super-human power and fighting abilities. Yukari Oshima stars as Huang Chung (Rogan in the English dub). The English title given on screen is simply \"Story of Ricky\" but later releases were sold under the title \"Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky\". It had a limited theatrical release in the United States in 1993. It is well known for its acting, story, extremely brutal and highly unrealistic violence, as well as its high camp factor and extremely poor English dubbing (although versions in Cantonese and Mandarin are also available). One scene, showing a character crushing another character's skull with his bare hands, later became a regular fixture on \"The Daily Show\" during Craig Kilborn's time as the host. It was alleged that a sequel titled \"Dint King, Inside King\" (aka, \"Story of Ricky 2\" or \"Super Powerful Man\") was released in Hong Kong in 2005, however, the plot does not follow the events that supposedly occur after Ricky breaks out of prison, and is set in the distant future as opposed to 2001 for the first film. The film was never released in the United States or in Europe but is available on DVD (without English subtitles) through Panorama Entertainment. Oddly, and possibly due to rights issues, the film is built as a stand-alone project despite casting Fan Siu-wong in the title role, sporting the camouflage poncho seen in flashbacks and in the manga. Even the characters have different names (Ricky's name is He Shen in this film). By the year 2001, all correctional facilities have been privatized. Lik Wong/Ricky Ho, a martial artist, and former music student, is sentenced to 10 years in prison for manslaughter after killing a crime lord indirectly responsible for the death of his girlfriend Keiko/Anne after a group of thugs chased her off the building to her death after witnessing their heroin deal. It is revealed in a flashback Ricky's name as a child was Rick, but his uncle, after seeing how strong he was, decided the name Ricky was suitable. An elderly inmate, Ma/Omar, is attacked by the captain of the cells Wildcat/Samuel. Ricky trips Samuel, who falls face first on a piece of wood with nails. After this, one of the inmates suggests that Zorro, a dangerous, morbidly obese inmate should kill him. Omar is informed by the guards that his probation was turned down after Samuel lies, telling the guards that Omar was spreading rumors. Stricken by grief, Omar hangs himself. Zorro attacks Ricky but is killed by Ricky's bare hands. Ricky thwarts Samuel's attack and kills him as well. Shortly after, a member of the Four Heavenly Kings (Gang of Four in the English dub) named Hai/Oscar the leader of the North Cell, suggests that Ricky see the one-eyed Assistant Warden Dan. After Ricky's confrontation, Dan suggests Oscar kill him. Outside the prison yard, Oscar and Ricky engage in a fight. After losing an eye, Oscar cuts a hole in his stomach and uses his intestines to strangle Ricky. Ricky breaks free, delivering a crushing blow which kills Oscar. Ricky soon discovers that the Gang of Four is growing illegal opium for profit. Huang Chung/Rogan, leader of the West Cell, discovers Ricky set the poppy garden on fire, leading to a fight. Brandon, leader of the South Cell, throws needles to tie Ricky up with them, leaving him defenseless. Meanwhile, the guards report to Dan that the Warden is returning from his vacation, prompting Dan to raise the Zero Alarm, causing the defense system to shoot anyone outside their cell. As the fight continues, Tarzan, leader of the East Cell, arrives announcing his intent to fight Ricky but leaves along with the Gang as the Zero Alarm goes off. The next day, the Warden and his spoiled son return from their vacation. Dan informs the Warden about the incidents, including the poppy garden. This infuriates the Warden, almost transforming into a Hulk-like creature, though he prevents it by taking medication. As the Warden questions Ricky, Tarzan bursts through the wall to fight Ricky, which ends in Ricky dismembering half of Tarzan's left arm and breaking his mandible. The Warden activates a ceiling trap on Ricky who struggles to stay alive. Tarzan regains consciousness and holds the ceiling, only to unintentionally save Ricky by being crushed himself. After escaping, Ricky finds a photo showing Tarzan had a family waiting for him. The Warden orders the inmates bury Ricky alive, which they reluctantly obey. The Warden proposes if Ricky survives underground for a week, he will free him. Ricky does survive by eating dog meat, however, the Warden denies him freedom. Later that night, Ricky is brought food by an inmate Freddy. Another inmate informs Dan who mortally wounds Freddy. Dan then opens Ricky's cell to taunt him. However, Ricky breaks free and kills the inmate and knocks out Dan's remaining eye. The inmates then rebel and violently ambush Dan. In the kitchen, Ricky, the prisoners, and Dan burst through the wall. The Warden shoots Dan with a homemade gas-pressured bullet, causing him to inflate and violently explode. Rogan and Brandon confront Ricky, who gravely injures Rogan. Brandon, realizing Ricky is far too powerful for him, flees from the scene, but not before the Warden shoots and kills Brandon. The Warden, revealing that he too, is a martial artist, transforms into a grotesque creature and battles Ricky. The fight ends with Ricky crippling and throwing the mutated Warden into a meat grinder. The prisoner's rebel once again and start to attack the guards until Ricky reaches the prison wall, breaking it allowing the prisoners and himself to go free. The film is notorious for its excessive use of graphic violence and gore, primarily due to the fact that the lead character is practically invincible, has superhuman strength and can virtually withstand all pain, which is partially explained by Ricky being a practitioner of a mystical kung-fu style known as Qigong. This leads to attempts by other characters to subdue him which end up being extremely gory and over-the-top. Aside from the aforementioned head crushing and meat grinding scenes, most notable is a fight scene between Ricky and a knife-wielding prisoner named Oscar. During the fight, Oscar throws powdered glass in Ricky's eyes and then slashes Ricky's right arm. Ricky, seemingly finished, smashes a water pipe and cleans his eyes, then uses his teeth and left hand to tie the veins and tendons in his arm back together. Oscar then charges at Ricky, but Ricky dodges and smacks him in the back of the head, popping one of his eyes out, leaving it to be eaten by crows. Seeing himself at a disadvantage, Oscar attempts suicide by seppuku. However, when Ricky approaches Oscar to try and stop the suicide, Oscar grabs his own intestines and wraps them around Ricky's neck in an attempt to strangle him, prompting the assistant warden to exclaim in the English dub: \"You've got a lot of guts, Oscar!\". Ricky then punches Oscar in the face, with an X-ray image showing the front of his skull shattering. The deceased Oscar crumples to the ground without so much as a visibly broken nose. In another fight scene, Ricky punches and graphically breaks the Gang of Four member, Tarzan's arm, then lands an uppercut with such force that Tarzan's jaw is torn off. Finally, Ricky goes for the Coup de grâce and punches several of Tarzan's fingers off as he attempts to punch Ricky. Another scene includes the warden's graphic death which depicts Ricky throwing him into an industrial",
"to try and stop the suicide, Oscar grabs his own intestines and wraps them around Ricky's neck in an attempt to strangle him, prompting the assistant warden to exclaim in the English dub: \"You've got a lot of guts, Oscar!\". Ricky then punches Oscar in the face, with an X-ray image showing the front of his skull shattering. The deceased Oscar crumples to the ground without so much as a visibly broken nose. In another fight scene, Ricky punches and graphically breaks the Gang of Four member, Tarzan's arm, then lands an uppercut with such force that Tarzan's jaw is torn off. Finally, Ricky goes for the Coup de grâce and punches several of Tarzan's fingers off as he attempts to punch Ricky. Another scene includes the warden's graphic death which depicts Ricky throwing him into an industrial meat grinder. Ricky pushes the struggling warden through the grinder, until his whole body is shredded and only his head remains. In that scene, so much fake blood was used that Fan Siu-wong could not wash the blood off his skin for three days. The film's low budget shows in the scene where Ricky's girlfriend Keiko jumps to her death. For this scene, an obvious mannequin wearing her clothes is thrown off the top of the building, landing with a dull thud and a slight bounce. A dummy is also used in some scenes where there is a close up. The plot closely follows the events depicted in the original Japanese comic and its anime adaptation, with some minor modifications in certain instances. \"Riki-Oh\" received a Category III rating (viewers under 18 not allowed). It was one of the first Hong Kong movies to receive such a rating for non-erotic content. This rating greatly inhibited the film's ability to make money at the box office. The film grossed $2,147,778 HKD in Hong Kong. On the aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes, \"Riki-Oh\" has an approval rating of 89% by 9 reviews, and with an average rating of 7.1/10. Michael Atkinson of \"The Village Voice\" called it \"a rather astonishing, starkly stylized blood flood set inside a privatized prison.\" Kurt Ramschissel of Film Threat gave the film 5 stars, saying that \"the violence comes fast and furious and is just as outrageous and over-the-top as Sam Raimi or Peter Jackson ever were.\" J.R. Jones from the Chicago Reader said, \"If you can handle the torrent of grisly violence, you'll find yourself royally entertained by this Hong Kong actioner.\" In the U.S, Tokyo Shock released it on a bare bones DVD in 2000. In 2002, Hong Kong Legends released their DVD in Region 2 territories. In 2003, Fortune Star (formerly Mega Star), current holders of the Golden Harvest library from Media Asia, released a Remastered version of the film on a 3 disc set along with: \"The Dragon from Russia\" and \"City Hunter\". The film was released on Blu-ray Disc on 10 January 2012. \"Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky\" became available in its original Chinese with hard-coded English subtitles on Netflix's Instant Streaming service in mid-2012. The movie aired on Turner Classic Movies on 2 November 2012 and 14 April 2013 as part of TCM Underground. Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky Riki-Oh: The Story of Ricky (also known as Story of Ricky; ) is a 1991 Hong Kong martial arts-thriller film written and directed by Lam Nai-Choi, and based on the Japanese manga \"Riki-Oh\" by Masahiko Takajo and Saruwatari Tetsuya. The film stars Fan Siu-wong, Fan Mei-sheng (Siu-wong's real-life father), Ho Ka-kui, Gloria Yip, and Yukari Oshima. Fan Siu-wong"
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"Omar Ashour Omar Ashour is a political scientist, human rights activist, and a martial arts champion from Montreal. Born in Cairo, Ashour obtained his Bsc and MA from the American University in Cairo and has a doctorate degree from McGill University in Montreal, where he taught political science and martial arts. Ashour is the Director of the Middle East Graduate Studies Programme at the Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter (UK). He is a specialist on Islamist movements and ideologies, democratization, terrorism and insurgency, and strategic studies. He authored of the first major study on jihadist de-radicalization processes and programs: \"The Deradicalization of Jihadists: Transforming Armed Islamist Movements\", (London, New York: Routledge, 2009). He is considered to be a leading expert on ending political violence and transitions from armed to unarmed activism Ashour has published extensively about de-radicalization, counter-narratives, and transitions to democracy. His published works cover the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Arab and Muslim Communities in the West. Ashour is a Taekwondo master and a well-decorated kickboxer. He was a member of the Egyptian National Taekwondo team. His record includes a bronze medal in the World Junior Taekwondo Championship and a silver medal in Africa’s Taekwondo championship. He was the Egyptian national champion six times in the bantam and feather weight categories. He was also the two-times national champion in Chinese Kickboxing (Sanshou). In 2007, he joined the Canadian National Karate Team and won the Gold medal in the World Koshiki Karate Championship in the middle-weight category, defeating seven-times World Champion, Masamitsu Hisataka via unanimous decision. Omar Ashour Omar Ashour is a political scientist, human rights activist, and a martial arts champion from Montreal. Born in Cairo, Ashour obtained his Bsc and MA from the American University in Cairo and has a doctorate"
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"Paul Devlin (footballer) Paul John Devlin (born 14 April 1972) is a former footballer who played as a midfielder. He made more than 500 appearances in the Football League and Premier League, and was capped ten times for the Scotland national team, before spending several years in non-league football. Born in Birmingham, Devlin began to play competitive football for Boldmere St. Michaels Reserves in the late 1980s. He joined Stafford Rangers in 1991, following his release by Tamworth, in just one season playing for the club Devlin was spotted by a number of Football League scouts. Devlin then made the massive leap up to the top tier of English football, by joining Football League First Division side Notts County on 22 February 1992, to work under the guidance of Neil Warnock. Although Devlin had limited chances in his first season the club suffered the pain of relegation from the Football League First Division by finishing 21st. With the Premier League been formed the following season the club were effectively relegated to the same league although they were now in the second tier of English football. The following season did not look much better for Notts County and Devlin as the club were again involved in a relegation battle, manager Neil Warnock left the club and Mike Walker came in and put a stop to the club's drop by steering the club to a 17th-place finish. The following season Devlin began to show his form and his performances shot the club to a 7th-place finish and missed out on the play-offs by one position. County, now under the guidance of Russell Slade, finished bottom of the Football League First Division and were relegated, this was Devlin's second relegation in four seasons with the club. However, he stayed with the club and began the 1995–96 season in the Football League Second Division and some of the impressive displays that Devlin had shown previously returned and sent Notts County to the top end of the table and an instant return to the First Division looked on the cards, but Devlin was a wanted man and in January 1996 his form was enough to attract the attention of Birmingham City, who signed him for a fee of £250,000. During his time with Notts County Devlin made a total of 141 appearances and scored 25 goals. Devlin's Birmingham career got off to a great start and the player showed he was still more than capable of playing in the First Division by scoring a further seven times for the club before the end of the 1995–96 season. The following season Devlin scored 16 times, and he contributed a further five goals. In total Devlin played 76 games scoring 28 goals. Devlin joined Sheffield United in February 1998, signed by Steve Thompson for £200,000. After a string of substitute appearances he made his full debut on 13 April in a 1–1 draw away at Swindon Town. He scored his first goal for the Blades in another away draw later that month, this time finishing 3–3 at Tranmere Rovers. Devlin showed himself to be a hard-working player, but with a habit of getting booked, picking up 11 yellow cards in his first season with the club. He notched 24 goals in his 145 games for the club. November 1998 briefly saw him loaned back to Notts County where he played a further five times. In 2002, Devlin put in a transfer request in an attempt to engineer a move back to St Andrew's, despite having only just recently signed a new four-year contract. In February 2002, Devlin returned to Birmingham, manager Steve Bruce signing him to provide cover for his main strikers. This second spell, including promotion to the Premier League, saw Devlin play 77 times, scoring seven goals, however in 2003 he was released. Whilst at Birmingham Devlin scored one of the penalties in the play-off final shootout to help them get promoted to the Premier League in 2002. Soon after Devlin joined Ray Lewington and Watford. He added steel and experience to the Championship side. During his first season, the 2003/04 season he made 39 appearances and scored 3 goals, the club finished in 16th position in the table. The 2004–05 season was an eventful one for Watford and Devlin in his second season with the club, again Devlin was a regular with the club, but after February he did not play for the club again that season due to injury. Lewington found himself on his way out in March, much to the anger of many Watford fans, who believed that the dismissal was harsh and that he had done his best with resources available to him, even so Watford hired Leeds United coach Aidy Boothroyd for his first taste as a manager. Boothroyd masterminded the club to safety when relegation had looked a certainty. During the season Devlin made 17 appearances and scored just once, with Watford finishing 18th and avoiding relegation. The 2005–06 season was Devlin's chance to try and impress new manager Boothroyd, who had failed to see him play the previous season with the injury coming when it did. It turned out to be Devlin's last season as a Watford player, he returned to the squad at the start of the season, and played as a regular for the season and made 23 appearances and scored two goals, before Boothroyd allowed him to leave on a free transfer to Walsall on 17 January 2006. Devlin's Walsall career took the worst possible start when he was injured on his debut just a week later. Upon his return to the first team he was sent off for an elbow to the face of an opponent in a 2–2 draw with Scunthorpe United. After just eight appearances and a goal against Swansea City for Walsall, Devlin asked to be released after being left on the bench by then manager Kevan Broadhurst for a game against A.F.C. Bournemouth in April 2006. It was a controversial move, coming as it did whilst Walsall were in the midst of a struggle to remain in League One, in which they ultimately failed. Devlin joined Irish side Bohemians in July 2006 where he was signed until the end of the Irish season. He left the club in late August 2006 following the dismissal of \"Gypsies\" manager, Gareth Farrelly. On 7 September 2006, Devlin returned to his roots by joining his youth team club, Tamworth. This bridged a 16-year gap away from the club. However, on 4 October, and just four appearances under his belt, it was announced that Devlin had left the club by mutual consent, as he was unable to commit the necessary time. He then had a brief stint with Sutton Coldfield Town before signing for Halesowen Town on 19 February 2007, where he played in midfield. He joined Rugby Town as player/assistant manager in January 2008, but left for personal reasons after little more than a week in the post. Devlin rejoined Sutton Coldfield Town at the end of March 2008 – the fourth time he had returned to a former club, the previous three being Notts County, Birmingham City and Tamworth – but left at the start of the 2008–09 season citing a \"breakdown in communication\" with the manager. He joined Stratford Town in October 2008, marking his debut with the equalising goal in a 2–2 draw against Rocester. After a break of a number of years he returned to the game, signing for Romulus in June 2012. Devlin won the first of his 10 Scotland caps in a friendly against Canada in October 2002, and last played for them in September 2003, against the Faroe Islands in a Euro 2004 qualifying match. Devlin qualified to play for Scotland via his father being from Coatbridge. Devlin said of his home debut against Republic of Ireland at Hampden Park, \"Playing at Hampden has always been a dream of mine and to finally achieve that made the match the proudest night of my career. I had 30-odd people in the stand watching me and it cost me an absolute fortune to make sure they could all be here. There were 23 of the clan from up here and a further seven flew up from down south.\" Paul Devlin (footballer) Paul John Devlin (born 14 April 1972) is a former footballer who played as a midfielder. He made"
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"Tzedek (charity) Tzedek is a UK-based registered charity organization which aims to provide a Jewish response to the problem of global poverty. It is founded in 1990 and its initiatives reflect many Jewish values. Tzedek's framework is based on the concept of \"tzedek\", which is a Hebrew linguistic root word for justice. The word does not merely indicate legal rights but also compassion and humanity. That is why, in the Jewish tradition, the word for charity is \"tzedakah\". The Jewish values reflected in Tzedek's work include \"Ahavtah et HaGer\" (you shall love the stranger), which teaches a view of a global world without racial or religious boundaries; and, \"Naaseh v'nishma\" (we will do and we will understand), which holds that awareness and knowledge lead to actions with deeper commitment. The Tzedek charity organization believes that poverty is a man-made problem and can be solved by increasing social justice. Tzedek's initiatives, thus, are focused in three areas. The first of these involves funding 16 sustainable development projects in Ghana and India. These projects are mainly centered on increasing access to education and improving vocational skills of the local population. The second part of Tzedek's strategy involves sending volunteers from the UK to communities in India and Ghana on summer placements. The final part of Tzedek's work is aimed at raising awareness of global poverty in the Jewish community through education and campaigning. One component of this final part is the Jewish Global Citizenship Project (JGCP) (JGCP) which aims to empower young people to take responsibility for global issues by providing free resources to teachers and educators. Tzedek is a member of the \"Make Poverty History\" coalition. Tzedek's work has been widely recognised around the world. Their founder, Steve Miller, has recently been nominated for the Charity Times Outstanding Individual Achievement Award for his work in setting up Tzedek. He is also quoted at a multifaith conference as part of the Jubilee Debt Campaign. The Jewish Chronicle also mentioned Tzedek's work in one of their articles. Projects: \"Africa and India Projects:\" \"India Projects\" \"Africa Projects\" Tzedek (charity) Tzedek is a UK-based registered charity organization which aims to provide a Jewish response to the problem of global poverty. It is founded in 1990 and its initiatives reflect many Jewish values. Tzedek's framework is based on the concept of \"tzedek\", which is a Hebrew linguistic root word for justice. The word does not merely"
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"Pauliina Räsänen Tuuli Pauliina Räsänen (born 23 November 1978 in Tampere) is a circus performer and actress from Finland. Her career jump-started when she was invited to perform as the first Scandinavian soloist with Cirque du Soleil. She was awarded a five-year grant from Finland's Central Commission of Arts to pursuit artistic work. She has succeeded in establishing her career in the international market and at the moment performs with Komische Oper Berlin. Her special skills include aerial acrobatics such as swinging trapeze, aerial silk and aerial hoop. She also performs a hand-to-hand acrobatic act with her Russian partner, Viatcheslav Volkov (born 9 February 1976 in Yaroslavl), a former World Champion of Sport Acrobatics. Pauliina Räsänen started ballet, painting and gymnastics at a very young age. However, her interests lay more in arts than in competition. She enrolled in the Performing Arts High School of Tampere pursuing her acting, improvisation, and speech. After high school she was accepted into the National Circus School of Montreal, where she trained under their performing arts coaches. Pauliina graduated with a difficult routine of swinging trapeze including an original skill, in which she intentionally dislocates her shoulders while executing a salto around the bar. Cirque du Soleil signed her up as their first Scandinavian artist, to perform in their production \"Alegría\". She toured with Cirque du Soleil for 5 years until she decided to leave in pursuit of other goals. While in Cirque du Soleil, Pauliina met her future partner Viatcheslav (Slava) Volkov from Russia. The couple found they shared similar visions in personal life as well as in acrobatics. Together they created a hand-to-hand acrobatic act combining elements of dance, acting, and high-level acrobatics. Their performance music is composed by French accordionist Corinne Kuzma. At the moment the couple lives in Kustavi, a small city in the Southern Archipelago of Finland, and regularly performs in European theaters. Räsänen and Volkov are currently filming a feature film, \"Circus Fantasticus\" for Staragara production. Pauliina was also awarded a 5-year grant from the Finnish Central Commission of Arts to continue her artistic goals in Finland. Räsänen and Volkov own their own Finland-based circus arts company and agency, ArtTeatro Ltd. Its goal is to create intimate, touching, and high-level shows in a family-like atmosphere combining theater and circus arts. Their new show, \"Cirque Dracula\", will be performed as part of the Turku Culture Capital Event in 2011. The cast includes international performers and singers from Europe and Canada. Film and TV credits Performances on stage Pauliina Räsänen Tuuli Pauliina Räsänen (born 23 November 1978 in Tampere) is a circus performer and actress from Finland. Her career jump-started when she was invited to perform as the first Scandinavian soloist with Cirque du Soleil. She was awarded a five-year grant from Finland's Central Commission of Arts to pursuit artistic work. She has succeeded in establishing her career in the international market and at the moment performs with Komische Oper Berlin. Her special skills include aerial acrobatics such as swinging"
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"Risk-sensitive foraging models Risk-sensitive foraging models help to explain the variance in foraging behaviour in animals. This model allows powerful predictions to be made about expected foraging behaviour for individual groups of animals. Risk sensitive foraging is based on experimental evidence that the net energy budget level of an animal is predictive of type of foraging activity an animal will employ. Experimental evidence has indicated that individuals will change the type of foraging strategy that they use depending on environmental conditions and ability to meet net energy levels. When individuals can meet net energy level requirements by accessing food in risk aversive methods they do so. However, when net energy level requirements are not met by employing risk aversive methods, individuals are more likely to take risk prone actions in order to meet their net energy requirements. Thomas Caraco and his colleagues in 1980 were amongst the first to study risk sensitive foraging behaviour in yellow-eyed juncos. For the original study seven yellow-eyed juncos were used in a two-part experiment. Part one examined foraging behaviours in five juncos when they were given a choice of eating on a perch where enough seeds were placed every time to meet their 24-hour energy requirements, or on a perch where they would sometimes find an abundance of seeds and sometimes no seeds. All individuals showed a preference to feed at the perch where they could get their daily seed requirement, the risk aversive choice. Part two examined foraging preference in four juncos, on one perch seeds were present every time but not enough to meet their 24-hour energy requirement. On the other perch they could sometimes find and abundance of seeds or no seeds. In this case the juncos showed a preference to feeding at the variable reward perch, choosing the risk prone feeding option. In order to test if individuals would change their strategy as a result of changed environment, two of the juncos from part one were used in part two of the experiment. As expected the juncos from part one who preferred the risk aversive foraging strategy switched to risk prone foraging behaviour in part two of the experiment. Thomas Caraco conducted follow up experiment in 1981 with dark-eyed juncos and used a larger sample size. The results were similar; dark-eyed juncos prefer risk aversive foraging behaviours when their 24-hour energy budgets can be met. However, when 24hr energy budgets are not met the juncos employ risk prone foraging behavior. Risk sensitive foraging has also been found in other animal species. Laboratory rats have also been found to display risk sensitive foraging. Rats prefer to forage at a constant food supply source if they are able to meet their energy requirements. But will employ risk prone foraging behaviour when the constant food supply source does not fulfill their daily energy requirement. The common shrew has also been found to use risk sensitive foraging methods. Choosing to be risk aversive when they are able to constantly meet their energy requirements. But switching over to risk prone foraging and variable reward when their energy requirements are not met regularly. Follow-up studies conducted in hummingbirds have found conflicting evidence about risk sensitivity foraging. When the hummingbirds are given three different choices of food supply, risk sensitivity foraging model was not entirely accurate at predicting foraging strategy. When deciding to obtain food from experimental manipulated flowers containing: low variance, high variance and constant nectar. Hummingbirds were found to prefer nectar from the low variance flower more any other choice. Researchers suggest that these results may be attributed to the possibility that the hummingbirds were not able to examine the amount of nectar present in each flower visual. Risk-sensitive foraging models Risk-sensitive foraging models help to explain the variance in foraging behaviour in animals. This model allows powerful predictions to be made about expected foraging behaviour for individual groups of animals. Risk sensitive foraging is based on experimental evidence that the net energy budget level of an animal is predictive of type of foraging activity an animal will employ. Experimental evidence has indicated that individuals will change the type of foraging strategy that they use depending on environmental conditions and ability to meet net energy"
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"Children's Special Service Mission Children's Special Service Mission was the original name, from 1867, of the organisation now called Scripture Union. Begun by Thomas 'Pious' Hughes and Josiah Spiers in Islington, London, this evangelical Christian movement was less formal than the Sunday Schools of the day and attracted children who in turn brought their friends. CSSM grew into an international movement that included missions in buildings, and beach missions. Arguably the most visible mission operated by CSSM and now Scripture Union has been the beach mission. Volunteers from different Christian churches go on mission together, set up large tents at popular seaside sites where people spend summer holidays, typically for two weeks. Missioners typically live in tent and caravan parks, in accommodation tents, and have marquees that are used for daytime and night meetings and activities for the children and adults. In certain towns, like Sheringham in Norfolk, the volunteers lived in large houses offered free by the owners. Parents see the beach mission as a safe place for children to have some time in their day, and give the parents free time. The children have fun, and this and the ongoing program encourages them to return through the weeks of the mission and in successive years when the family returns to that place. A typical week day would start at 8.00am with 'Gold Diggers' where a volunteer and a small class of children would meet and discuss a short section of the Bible. From this section everyone would then pick a 'password' - which was a sentence or part thereof of the section. Throughout the day attending children and volunteers would challenge each other to remember both the password and where in the Bible it came from. Later on in the morning there would be a service on the beach. The pulpit would be made of sand and a text would be added made up of brightly painted metal bottle tops. Instead of hymns, short choruses would be sung by all those attending. A story would be told by the volunteer chosen to host the service of the day. It was so much more fun than Sunday School and children learned about Jesus and the Christian faith through happiness and example. Some beach missions also make use of nearby church halls for teenage activities, such as a coffee shop or to stage a dance. Participants are organised under a leader whose task it is to manage the camp and its activities. Sub-leaders take responsibility for various aspects, such as: young children's activities, Primary School age activities, teenage activities, tents, cooking, cleaning, materials (printed and otherwise), music, and so on. Children's Special Service Mission Children's Special Service Mission was the original name, from 1867, of the organisation now called Scripture Union. Begun by Thomas 'Pious' Hughes and Josiah Spiers in Islington, London, this evangelical Christian movement was less formal than the Sunday Schools of the day and attracted children who in turn brought their friends. CSSM grew into an international"
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"Mosler GT600 The Mosler GT600 (also known as the Mosler Super GT600) was a sports racing car built by Mosler Automotive in 2011 for the GT3 category. A more powerful version of Mosler's GT300 car, it shares its chassis with that car, but uses a 7-litre Chevrolet LS7 V8 engine. One car was built, as the car was built for Rafael Unzurrunzaga. In 2011, Rafael Unzurrunzaga approached Mosler Automotive, asking for a more powerful version of the firm's GT300. Like the GT300, the GT600 used a space frame chassis, and shared the same carbon fibre bodywork. However, the engine fitted in the GT300 was replaced with a 7-litre Chevrolet LS7 V8, capable of producing . A MoTeC ECU, dashboard and PDM system was fitted, and the GT600 became the first car to use the 6-speed sequential Hewland LWS gearbox. The car was delivered to Unzurrunzaga in July 2011, at Donington Park, where the car was also tested. The GT600's racing debut came at the Estoril round of the Spanish GT Championship on 17 July 2011, where Unzurrunzaga ran the car under the Blue Jumeirah Team banner. Competing in the GTS class, he finished 14th overall, and sixth in class. Unzurrunzaga then switched to the Red Bull Ring round of the International GT Open, but was unable to start either race. Two months later, he returned to the GT Open, competing in the Catalunya round; having missed the start of the first race, he could do no better than 24th overall, and tenth in the GTS category, in the second race. Unzurrunzaga was classified eleventh in the Spanish GT Championship's GTS Driver's Championship, with six points. Following the Catalunya race, Unzurrunzaga entered the third round of the 2011–12 UAE GT Championship, held at Dubai Autodrome; however, he retired after 14 laps. He finished 2011 by taking seventh overall, and fourth in the GTA category, in the following round, held at Yas Marina. The fifth round of the season, and the first of 2012, was also held at Yas Marina; Unzurrunzaga won the first race of the day, before taking second in the second race, resulting in him finishing second overall. The series then returned to Dubai, where Unzurrunzaga finished second. The next round of the UAE GT Championship was also held at Dubai, but Unzurrunzaga was unable to start either race. The series then returned to Yas Marina, but Unzurrunzaga was not classified in the first race, and did not compete in the second. This would be the GT600's last race; Unzurrunzaga returned to Europe, and replaced the GT600 with a Mosler MT900R. Mosler GT600 The Mosler GT600 (also known as the Mosler Super GT600) was a sports racing car built by Mosler Automotive in 2011 for the GT3 category. A more powerful version of Mosler's GT300 car, it shares its chassis with that car, but uses a 7-litre Chevrolet LS7 V8 engine. One car was built, as the car was built for Rafael Unzurrunzaga. In 2011, Rafael Unzurrunzaga approached Mosler"
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"B.C. Nirmal B C Nirmal () born 19 February 1952, is an Indian Professor of Law specialised in International law, Human rights. He is Vice Chancellor at National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Till recently, he was Head and Dean of Law School, Banaras Hindu University (Varanasi). He has also been the Vice-President of Indian Society of International Law (ISIL, New Delhi), Vice President of All India Law Teachers Congress, Member of Executive Council, Indian Society of International Law, New Delhi and Member of Governing Council of Indian Law Institute, New Delhi. He is also a Member of the Academic Council of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Deen Dayal University, Gorakhpur. Before he took on the post of Vice Chancellor he was a member of the Academic Council and Professor of the Gujarat National Law University, Gujarat. In 2012 B C Nirmal was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Law of the Banaras Hindu University for a term of 3 years. Under his leadership, the law school held its first international conference on international environmental law, commercial law, law of information technology and legal studies and gathered 400 delegates came from 18 states and 7 countries. Nirmal created the \" BHU Law School Newsletter \", a quarterly which he is editor. In 2014, was appointed by the Jharkhand High Court Vice Chancellor at National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi, Jharkhand. He is the author of four books and numerous articles in the branch of law. B.C. Nirmal B C Nirmal () born 19 February 1952, is an Indian Professor of Law specialised in International law, Human rights. He is Vice Chancellor at National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Till recently, he was Head and Dean of Law School, Banaras Hindu"
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"David Parry (American football) David Robert Parry (born March 7, 1992) is an American football defensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Stanford, and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the fifth round of the 2015 NFL Draft. Raised in Daly City, California, before moving to Iowa, Parry attended Linn-Mar High School in Marion, Iowa, and was a three-year varsity letterwinner at offensive and defensive tackle. He then played for the Stanford Cardinal, and in 2014 was a finalist for the Burlsworth Trophy. On May 2, 2015, Parry was drafted in the fifth round of the 2015 NFL Draft by the Indianapolis Colts. He agreed to terms with the Colts on May 6. Parry started all 16 games in the 2015 season, recording 31 tackles and 1 sack. Parry started all 16 games during the 2016 season recording 47 tackles and 3 sacks, including a game-saving sack against the Packers. On September 2, 2017, Parry was waived by the Colts. On September 4, 2017, Parry was signed to the New Orleans Saints practice squad. He was promoted to the active roster on September 20, 2017. He was placed on injured reserve on September 27, 2017. On May 16, 2018, Parry signed with the Minnesota Vikings. After playing in both of the Vikings' first two games of the 2018 season, recording one sack against the Green Bay Packers in Week 2, Parry was released on September 19, 2018. He was re-signed on October 16, 2018. He was released again on October 27, 2018. On February 25, 2017, Parry was arrested in Scottsdale, Arizona on suspicion of robbery, auto theft, criminal damage, resisting arrest and DUI charges. He was later charged with felony robbery, felony unlawful use of transportation and misdemeanor threats. On April 26, 2017, he pled guilty one count each of disorderly conduct and attempted unlawful means of transportation. Sentencing was set for May 31, 2017; he is expected to be sentenced to supervised probation. David Parry (American football) David Robert Parry (born March 7, 1992) is an American football defensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Stanford, and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the fifth round of the 2015 NFL Draft. Raised in Daly City, California, before moving to Iowa, Parry attended Linn-Mar High School in Marion, Iowa, and was a three-year varsity letterwinner"
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"Sofic group In mathematics, a sofic group is a group whose Cayley graph is an initially subamenable graph, or equivalently a subgroup of an ultraproduct of finite-rank symmetric groups such that every two elements of the group have distance 1. They were introduced by as a common generalization of amenable and residually finite groups. The name \"sofic\", from the Hebrew word meaning \"finite\", was later applied by , following Weiss's earlier use of the same word to indicate a generalization of finiteness in sofic subshifts. The class of sofic groups is closed under the operations of taking subgroups, extensions by amenable groups, and free products. A finitely generated group is sofic if it is the limit of a sequence of sofic groups. The limit of a sequence of amenable groups (that is, an initially subamenable group) is necessarily sofic, but there exist sofic groups that are not initially subamenable groups. As Gromov proved, Sofic groups are surjunctive. That is, they obey a form of the Garden of Eden theorem for cellular automata defined over the group (dynamical systems whose states are mappings from the group to a finite set and whose state transitions are translation-invariant and continuous) stating that every injective automaton is surjective and therefore also reversible. Sofic group In mathematics, a sofic group is a group whose Cayley graph is an initially subamenable graph, or equivalently a subgroup of an ultraproduct of finite-rank symmetric groups such that every two elements of the group have distance 1. They were introduced by as a common generalization of amenable and residually finite groups. The name \"sofic\", from the Hebrew word meaning \"finite\", was later applied by , following Weiss's earlier use of the same word to indicate a generalization of finiteness in sofic subshifts. The class of sofic groups is closed"
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"Robert T. Bennett Robert T. (Bob) Bennett (February 8, 1939 – December 6, 2014) was chairman of the Ohio Republican Party (USA), and one of three Ohio representatives to the Republican National Committee, of which he had been a member for more than two decades. Bennett was elected chairman of the Ohio Republican Party in 1988, and remained until 2009. Following the resignation of then party chairman Kevin DeWine, Bennett resumed his position as chairman in 2012 and remained until May 2013. At the time of his election in 1988 the party held no statewide offices or legislative majorities; within a decade it had control of all three branches of the Ohio government. During his tenure, Republicans held the Ohio governor's office for 16 years, won every statewide office, held majorities in the Ohio House and Senate, won unanimous control of the Ohio Supreme Court, and won more than 63 percent of all county elective offices in the state. Bennett qualified as a Certified Public Accountant and an attorney specializing in tax and business law. He was a member of the American Bar Association, the Cleveland Bar Association, the Ohio Bar Association, and the American Society of Attorney-Certified Public Accountants, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Ohio Society of Certified Public Accountants, and the Cleveland Chapter of the Ohio CPA's American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He wrote several publications on tax law and was a guest lecturer to various professional and political organizations on the issues of state and federal tax law and campaign management. Bennett was a member of the boards of trustees and a director of Ohio business and civic organizations, including University Hospital Case Medical Center Board and Southwest General Health Center of Cleveland, the Cuyahoga County Board of Elections (Chairman) and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati, where he served as chairman of the board. Bennett resided in Cleveland, Ohio, with his wife Ruth Ann. He is survived by two adult children. He was born and raised in Columbus, where he graduated from St. Thomas Aquinas High School and received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration from the Ohio State University in December 1960. He earned his Juris Doctor Degree from Cleveland Marshall Law School of Baldwin Wallace College (now Cleveland State University). Before Bennett's election as Chairman the Ohio Republican Party in 1988, Democrats ruled the roost in Ohio. With a Democratic Governor, a Democratic majority in the state legislature, and the majority of county positions being held by democrats, the Ohio GOP was on the ropes. Bennett, who had triple bypass surgery in 1996 after a mild heart attack, had been in declining health since 2012, when he was afflicted by a lingering and baffling respiratory problem that doctors finally traced to an infection he contracted during a visit to Moscow. Bennett passed on December 6, 2014 at his home in Cleveland, Ohio. Robert T. Bennett Robert T. (Bob) Bennett (February 8, 1939 – December 6, 2014) was"
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"Mössbauer effect The Mössbauer effect, or recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence, is a physical phenomenon discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1958. It involves the resonant and recoil-free emission and absorption of gamma radiation by atomic nuclei bound in a solid. Its main application is in Mössbauer spectroscopy. In the Mössbauer effect, a narrow resonance for nuclear gamma emission and absorption results from the momentum of recoil being delivered to a surrounding crystal lattice rather than to the emitting or absorbing nucleus alone. When this occurs, no gamma energy is lost to the kinetic energy of recoiling nuclei at either the emitting or absorbing end of a gamma transition: emission and absorption occur at the same energy, resulting in strong, resonant absorption. The emission and absorption of X-rays by gases had been observed previously, and it was expected that a similar phenomenon would be found for gamma rays, which are created by nuclear transitions (as opposed to X-rays, which are typically produced by electronic transitions). However, attempts to observe nuclear resonance produced by gamma-rays in gases failed due to energy being lost to recoil, preventing resonance (the Doppler effect also broadens the gamma-ray spectrum). Mössbauer was able to observe resonance in nuclei of solid iridium, which raised the question of why gamma-ray resonance was possible in solids, but not in gases. Mössbauer proposed that, for the case of atoms bound into a solid, under certain circumstances a fraction of the nuclear events could occur essentially without recoil. He attributed the observed resonance to this recoil-free fraction of nuclear events. The Mössbauer effect was one of the last major discoveries in physics to be originally reported in the German language. The first report in English was a letter describing a repetition of the experiment. The discovery was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1961 together with Robert Hofstadter's research of electron scattering in atomic nuclei. The Mössbauer Effect is a process in which a nucleus emits or absorbs gamma rays without loss of energy to a nuclear recoil. It was discovered by the German physicist Rudolf L. Mössbauer in 1958 and has proved to be remarkably useful for basic research in physics and chemistry. It has been used, for instance, in precisely measuring small energy changes in nuclei, atoms, and crystals induced by electrical, magnetic, or gravitational fields. In a transition of a nucleus from a higher to a lower energy state with accompanying emission of gamma rays, the emission generally causes the nucleus to recoil, and this takes energy from the emitted gamma rays. Thus the gamma rays do not have sufficient energy to excite a target nucleus to be examined. However, Mössbauer discovered that it is possible to have transitions in which the recoil is absorbed by a whole crystal in which the emitting nucleus is bound. Under these circumstances, the energy that goes into the recoil is a negligible portion of the energy of the transition. Therefore, the emitted gamma rays carry virtually all of the energy liberated by the nuclear transition. The gamma rays thus are able to induce a reverse transition, under similar conditions of negligible recoil, in a target nucleus of the same material as the emitter but in a lower energy state. In general, gamma rays are produced by nuclear transitions from an unstable high-energy state to a stable low-energy state. The energy of the emitted gamma ray corresponds to the energy of the nuclear transition, minus an amount of energy that is lost as recoil to the emitting atom. If the lost recoil energy is small compared with the energy linewidth of the nuclear transition, then the gamma ray energy still corresponds to the energy of the nuclear transition, and the gamma ray can be absorbed by a second atom of the same type as the first. This emission and subsequent absorption is called resonant fluorescence. Additional recoil energy is also lost during absorption, so in order for resonance to occur the recoil energy must actually be less than half the linewidth for the corresponding nuclear transition. The amount of energy in the recoiling body () can be found from momentum conservation: where is the momentum of the recoiling matter, and the momentum of the gamma ray. Substituting energy into the equation gives: where ( for ) is the energy lost as recoil, is the energy of the gamma ray ( for ), ( for ) is the mass of the emitting or absorbing body, and \"c\" is the speed of light. In the case of a gas the emitting and absorbing bodies are atoms, so the mass is relatively small, resulting in a large recoil energy, which prevents resonance. (Note that the same equation applies for recoil energy losses in x-rays, but the photon energy is much less, resulting in a lower energy loss, which is why gas-phase resonance could be observed with x-rays.) In a solid, the nuclei are bound to the lattice and do not recoil in the same way as in a gas. The lattice as a whole recoils but the recoil energy is negligible because the in the above equation is the mass of the whole lattice. However, the energy in a decay can be taken up or supplied by lattice vibrations. The energy of these vibrations is quantised in units known as \"phonons\". The Mössbauer effect occurs because there is a finite probability of a decay occurring involving no phonons. Thus in a fraction of the nuclear events (the recoil-free fraction, given by the Lamb–Mössbauer factor), the entire crystal acts as the recoiling body, and these events are essentially recoil-free. In these cases, since the recoil energy is negligible, the emitted gamma rays have the appropriate energy and resonance can occur. In general (depending on the half-life of the decay), gamma rays have very narrow linewidths. This means they are very sensitive to small changes in the energies of nuclear transitions. In fact, gamma rays can be used as a probe to observe the effects of interactions between a nucleus and its electrons and those of its neighbors. This is the basis for Mössbauer spectroscopy, which combines the Mössbauer effect with the Doppler effect to monitor such interactions. Zero-phonon optical transitions, a process closely analogous to the Mössbauer effect, can be observed in lattice-bound chromophores at low temperatures. Mössbauer effect The Mössbauer effect, or recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence, is a physical phenomenon discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1958. It involves the resonant and recoil-free emission and absorption of gamma radiation by atomic nuclei bound in a solid. Its main application is in Mössbauer spectroscopy. In the Mössbauer"
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"Al Wilson Aldra Kauwa Wilson (born June 21, 1977) is a former American college and professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons. He played college football for the University of Tennessee, and was recognized as a consensus All-American. Wilson was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the first round of the 1999 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional career for the Broncos. He was a five-time Pro Bowl selection and a two-time All-Pro selection. Wilson was born in Jackson, Tennessee. He was an All-American performer at Jackson Central-Merry High School in Jackson, as named by BlueChip Illustrated, Max Emfinger, SuperPrep, and recruiting analyst Tom Lemming. In addition, he was named to the Tennessee all-state team. Wilson was both a linebacker and running back at Jackson Central-Merry, rushing for 1,160 yards and 15 touchdowns in his senior season. He rushed for over 1,000 yards in three seasons in high school, two as a running back and one as a quarterback. In addition to football, he starred in track and basketball. Wilson attended the University of Tennessee, and played for coach Phillip Fulmer's Tennessee Volunteers football team from 1995 to 1998. He was a team captain on the 1998 Tennessee team that won the National Championship in the Fiesta Bowl over Florida State and back-to-back Southeastern Conference (SEC) championships in the 1997 and 1998 seasons. Wilson was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American in 1998 after being a three-year starter for the Volunteers. Inspired by fellow Tennessean and track aficionado, Chad Deutsch of Memphis, Tennessee, Wilson was a leader both on and off the field, helping to develop linebackers Eric Westmoreland and Raynoch Thompson. Wilson was drafted after his final year at Tennessee as the 31st pick in the first round of the 1999 NFL Draft and signed to the Denver Broncos due to the assistance of super agent Tank Black. Wilson made his NFL debut against the Miami Dolphins. Wilson became the anchor of the Broncos' defense and earned five Pro Bowl selections. He was one of the fastest middle linebackers in the league and was very good in pass coverage. He passed the 100-tackle mark in five consecutive seasons, including 109 tackles (73 of which were solo) in 2004 to rank second on the Broncos. Wilson led the Broncos in tackles for the second consecutive year in 2003 with 128 tackles. On December 3, 2006, Wilson suffered a neck injury during a fake field goal attempt against the Seattle Seahawks during the \"Sunday Night Football\" game. He was carted off the field and immediately taken to a hospital, but was cleared by the Denver Broncos to return the following week to help Denver try to make the playoffs. The Denver Broncos signed many free agents during the 2007 offseason, such as running back Travis Henry and quarterback Patrick Ramsey, resulting in some salary cap trouble. The Broncos attempted to trade Wilson to the New York Giants, but Wilson failed his physical and the trade talks died down. Wilson was released by the Denver Broncos on April 13, 2007, due to injuries and salary cap problems. Wilson was cleared to return to resume playing by Los Angeles back specialist Bob Watkins in January 2008. On February 12, he had his first visit of the offseason with the Detroit Lions. He also visited the Cleveland Browns in March, but he rejected their offer for close to the veteran minimum. Wilson officially announced his retirement from professional football on September 10, 2008. After his career with the Denver Broncos ended, Wilson started a career as a Colorado football executive began. Wilson became the co-owner of Project FANchise, which puts fans in control of professional teams. In addition, he acquired the Indoor Football League’s Colorado Crush. Al Wilson Aldra Kauwa Wilson (born June 21, 1977) is a former American college and professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons. He played college football for the University of Tennessee, and was recognized as a consensus All-American. Wilson was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the first round of the 1999 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional"
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"Bill Dwyer (mobster) William Vincent Dwyer (1883–1946), known as \"Big Bill\" Dwyer, was an early Prohibition gangster and bootlegger in New York during the 1920s. He used his profits to purchase sports properties, including the New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates of the National Hockey League (NHL), as well as the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League. He eventually was brought down by the U.S. government through legal actions, leaving Dwyer penniless at the end of his life in 1946. Born and raised in Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan, Dwyer became one of the leading bootleggers during the early years of Prohibition. In his heyday he reportedly ran a fleet of 20 rum-runners. Dwyer was working as a dockyard stevedore (hired by friend George Shevlin) prior to the announcement of the Volstead Act in 1919. With access to company supply trucks, garages, and other valuable resources, Dwyer quickly dominated bootlegging in Manhattan within a year. His network of garages was able to hide large numbers of supply trucks which, accessible only by secret doors and compartments, were known only to Dwyer and several others. Eventually breaking away from Shevlin, Dwyer had organized a smuggling operation which ran from Europe directly to Manhattan. Forming a partnership with Owney Madden and, later Frank Costello, Dwyer soon began taking on future gangsters such as lieutenant Vannie Higgins and others. Through James J. Hines, Dwyer was able to gain the political protection of Tammany Hall as well as members of the New York police and Coast Guard enabling Dwyer's shipments to be delivered to the coast without interference. However, in 1925, Dwyer was arrested for attempting to bribe members of the Coast Guard during an undercover operation by the Prohibition Bureau and was sentenced for two years. After thirteen months, Dwyer was released for good behavior and slowly began to withdraw from bootlegging instead investing his money into legitimate businesses including legalized gambling ventures such as casinos and racetracks as well as sports teams owning a football team and two ice hockey teams. By the end of Prohibition in 1932, Dwyer had retired from bootlegging and lived with his wife and five children in Belle Harbor, Queens. He died there in 1946, aged 63, of a heart attack. In 1925, Tex Rickard convinced Dwyer to purchase the Hamilton Tigers of the National Hockey League and he renamed them the New York Americans. Dwyer paid $75,000 to turn the Tigers into the New York Americans. With a fortune made in Prohibition bootlegging, Dwyer handed out lucrative contracts, including a three-year deal to Billy Burch rumored to be worth $25,000. Shorty Green also received a huge raise, his salary going from $3,000 to $5,000. This was a time when most NHL players were said to make about $1,500 or $2,000. He took an active role in owning the team, often trying to rig NHL games. For example, he put a goal judge in that would call a goal against an opponent merely if the puck touched the goal line. It happened one night in 1927-28 when Ottawa was at Madison Square Garden. However, the goal judge seemed more interested in taunting Ottawa goalkeeper Alex Connell. Connell finally butt-ended the goal judge in the nose, which caused Dwyer's buddies to seek Connell's death that night. It took a police detail to get Connell out of the Gardens that night and at the train station, someone inquired if a gentleman was Alex Connell. Connell lied and said he was not, knowing he was in danger. The Americans flourished, and Dwyer secretly purchased the Pittsburgh Pirates of the NHL, using ex-boxer Benny Leonard as the front man who appeared to be the team's owner. The team folded in 1930 as the Philadelphia Quakers. In 1930, Dwyer also purchased the NFL's Dayton Triangles for $2,500, relocated them to Ebbets Field and renamed them the Brooklyn Dodgers. He bought the team with Jack Depler, a former player for the NFL's Orange Tornadoes. By the end of the 1932 season, Dwyer had enough of professional football. The Dodgers, had cost him an estimated $30,000 in just three years. The team was then purchased by two former New York Giants players, Chris Cagle and John Simms Kelly for $25,000. In 1935-36, the United States government won a big lawsuit against Dwyer, leaving him virtually penniless except for his ownership of the Americans, and he was losing money here, also. Just before the 1936-37 season, the NHL took control of the Americans, claiming that the financial status of the team was critical. Dwyer filed a lawsuit against the NHL for this, but the NHL settled by letting him own the Americans in 1936-37 to give him time to pay his debts. Red Dutton, who was manager and coach of the team, lent Bill $20,000 for the team and Dwyer promptly lost it all in a craps game. When, at the end of the season, he could not pay the debts he owed, the NHL ordered the team under its control. Bill Dwyer (mobster) William Vincent Dwyer (1883–1946), known as \"Big Bill\" Dwyer, was an early Prohibition gangster and bootlegger in New York during the 1920s. He used his profits to purchase sports properties, including the New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates of the National Hockey League (NHL), as well as the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League. He eventually was brought down"
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"L & N Steam Locomotive No. 152 The L & N Steam Locomotive No. 152 is a historic 4-6-2 Pacific Class locomotive on the National Register of Historic Places, currently at the Kentucky Railway Museum at New Haven, Kentucky, in southernmost Nelson County, Kentucky. It is the oldest known remaining 4-6-2 Pacific to exist. It is also the \"Official State Locomotive of Kentucky\", designated as such on March 6, 2000. The L&N #152 was built in 1905 at Paterson, New Jersey by the Rogers Locomotive Works, with 6256 as its Rogers Construction Number. The Louisville and Nashville Railroad purchased #152 and four identical Pacifics at the cost of $13,406 apiece. Pleased with their five Pacifics, the L&N purchased forty more, which the Rogers Locomotive Works (by now owned by the American Locomotive Company) sold to the L&N between 1906 and 1910. Originally, the L&N #152 serviced stations in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. It pulled Theodore Roosevelt's campaign train between Louisville and Cincinnati in 1912. When more powerful trains were purchased by the L&N in the 1920s, the Pacifics were assigned to the Gulf Coast, a geographically flatter area. Railroad logs prove that #152 was one of the many \"Pan American\" passenger service. The #152 also pulled the car holding Al Capone on his way to Alcatraz. As time went on, the #152 was used for less and less important routes. On February 17, 1953, the #152, the last surviving \"K\" class Pacific, was retired by the L&N, with its fate uncertain. During this time it was stored at Mobile, Alabama. L&N President John E. Tilford personally ordered the locomotive to not be destroyed and turned to scrap. Eventually the #152 was sent to the Kentucky Railway Museum, then located at 1837 East River Road in Louisville, Kentucky; it was one of the museum's first pieces. For thirty years it remained inoperative. After thirteen years of work, in September 1985 it was again in working condition, thanks to funding by the National Park Service and the Brown Foundation. On April 26, 1986 it was again in service, pulling seven railcars with a total of 365 passengers. While being refurbished, it stayed at the River Road location when the rest of the museum moved to its new location at Ormsby Station. As of Saturday 10 September 2011, #152 is withdrawn from service for the rest of the 2011 season due to boiler issues. Railway staff have expressed skepticism that it will be able to return for future use without major work for which funding is not currently available. When it was originally placed on the National Register, it was located at the Kentucky Railway Museum's original location in Louisville, Kentucky. When the museum relocated to New Haven, L&N #152 came with it. The L & N Steam Locomotive No. 152 is one of four rail vehicles at the Kentucky Railway Museum on the National Register. The others are the Frankfort and Cincinnati Model 55 Rail Car, the Louisville and Nashville Combine Car Number 665, and the Mt. Broderick Pullman Car. L & N Steam Locomotive No. 152 The L & N Steam Locomotive No. 152 is a historic 4-6-2 Pacific Class locomotive on the National Register of Historic Places, currently at the Kentucky Railway Museum at New Haven, Kentucky, in southernmost Nelson County, Kentucky. It is the oldest known remaining 4-6-2 Pacific to exist. It is also the \"Official State Locomotive of Kentucky\", designated as such on March 6, 2000. The L&N #152 was built in 1905 at Paterson, New Jersey by the Rogers Locomotive Works, with 6256 as its Rogers"
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"Kansas Barbed Wire Museum The Kansas Barbed Wire Museum is a barbed wire museum located in La Crosse, Kansas, United States, known as the “Barbed Wire Capital of the World.” The museum focuses on barbed wire and its history, displaying over 2,000 different forms of the wire and its history. Barbed wire played a significant role in the history of the settlement of the United States and forever changed the face of the prairie. The museum was established in 1970 in a small storefront on Main Street in downtown La Crosse, Kansas. By 1990, the collections had grown so much that a new building was constructed adjacent to the Post Rock Museum and Rush County Historical Museum in Grass Park at the south edge of the community. In 2004, an addition was constructed on the building to house the headquarters of the Antique Barbed Wire Society and the Larry Greer Research Center. The Antique Barbed Wire Society is an international organization “committed to collecting, preserving, exhibiting, and interpreting the historical heritage of barb wire and barbed wire related items.” The Larry Greer Research Center houses collections of publications related to the history of barbed wire and a complete collection of patents related to barbed wire and related items. Kansas Barbed Wire Museum The Kansas Barbed Wire Museum is a barbed wire museum located in La Crosse, Kansas, United States, known as the “Barbed Wire Capital of the World.” The museum focuses on barbed wire and its history, displaying over 2,000 different forms of the wire and its history. Barbed wire played a significant role in the history of the settlement of the United States and forever changed the face of the prairie. The museum was established in 1970 in a small storefront on Main Street in downtown La Crosse, Kansas."
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"Brad Warner Brad Warner (born March 5, 1964) is an American Sōtō Zen monk, author, blogger, documentarian and punk rock bass guitarist. Brad Warner was born in Hamilton, Ohio, in 1964. His family traveled for his father's job and Warner spent some time in Nairobi, Kenya, but grew up mainly near Akron, Ohio, and attended Kent State University. As a teenager Warner got into the music of the 1960s and hardcore punk, and a friend of his took him to a show by Zero Defex. He auditioned for and joined the band after finding out they needed a bass guitarist. He began practicing Zen Buddhism under his first teacher, Tim McCarthy. Warner later studied with Gyomay Kubose. He has played with Dimentia 13. After the financial failure of his Dimentia 13 albums, Warner got a job in Japan with the JET Programme, and then later in 1994 with Tsuburaya Productions, the company behind Ultraman. Warner played the roles of various foreigners in their programs. While in Japan, he met and trained with Gudo Wafu Nishijima, a student of Rempo Niwa Zenji, who ordained him as a priest and named him as his dharma heir in 2000. He agreed to write articles for SuicideGirls, the online soft porn site but stoped after a few years. In 2007 he directed the documentary film \"Cleveland’s Screaming\", which depicts the punk rock scene in Akron and Cleveland in the 1980s. Also in 2007, Gudo Wafu Nishijima named Warner the leader of Dogen Sangha International which Nishijima had founded. Warner dissolved the organization in April 2012. In 2008 Warner lost his job with the Japanese company he had been working for in the States and as of January 2009 he was self-employed. In 2012, Warner moved to California and started Dogen Sangha Los Angeles. In 2013, Pirooz Kalayeh directed a film about Warner entitled \"Brad Warner's Hardcore Zen\" The film premiered on October 5, 2013 in Amsterdam at the Buddhist Film Festival of Europe. Brad Warner Brad Warner (born March 5, 1964) is an American Sōtō Zen monk, author, blogger, documentarian and punk rock bass guitarist. Brad Warner was born in Hamilton, Ohio, in 1964. His family traveled for his father's job and Warner spent some time in Nairobi, Kenya, but grew up mainly near Akron, Ohio, and attended Kent State University. As a teenager Warner got into the music of the 1960s and hardcore"
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"SAFE Port Act The Security and Accountability For Every Port Act of 2006 (or SAFE Port Act, ) was an Act of Congress in the United States covering port security and to which an online gambling measure was added at the last moment. The House and Senate passed the conference report on September 30, 2006, and President Bush signed the Act into law on October 13, 2006. The port security provisions were one of 20 bills introduced to Congress in the wake of the Dubai Ports World controversy that aimed to block Dubai Ports World acquiring P&O Ports, and more generally to stop key US ports falling into the hands of foreign owners by changing the Exon-Florio Amendment. The act codified into law a number of programs to improve security of U.S. ports, such as: In addition, the Act created the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office within the Department of Homeland Security and appropriated funds toward the Integrated Deepwater System Program, a long-term U.S. Coast Guard modernization program. Title VIII of the Act is also known as the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 (or UIGEA). This title (found at ) \"prohibits gambling businesses from knowingly accepting payments in connection with the participation of another person in a bet or wager that involves the use of the Internet and that is unlawful under any federal or state law.\" The Economist noted that the UIGEA provisions were \"hastily tacked onto the end of unrelated legislation\". SAFE Port Act The Security and Accountability For Every Port Act of 2006 (or SAFE Port Act, ) was an Act of Congress in the United States covering port security and to which an online gambling measure was added at the last moment. The House and Senate passed the conference report on September 30, 2006, and"
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"European Championship 1992 European Championship 1992 is a football videogame produced by Tecmo and distributed by Elite in 1992. It was developed for Amiga, Atari ST and DOS. This is a conversion of the coin-operated arcade video game World Cup '90 from Tecmo. Game features include: tackling, short passes, long passes, volleys, headers, power headers, intercepting headers, free kicks, throw-ins, corners, goal kicks, one or two players, action re-play, save goal, save game, red and yellow cards, streakers, concussed players, and fighting players. It featured the 1992 European Football Championship. The game allowed one and two (competitive) players, playing matches of 5, 10 or 20 minutes. You could play friendly matches or the 1992 European Football Championship. European Championship 1992 European Championship 1992 is a football videogame produced by Tecmo and distributed by Elite in 1992. It was developed for Amiga, Atari ST and DOS. This is a conversion of the coin-operated arcade video game World Cup '90 from Tecmo. Game features include: tackling, short passes, long passes, volleys, headers, power headers, intercepting headers, free kicks, throw-ins, corners, goal kicks, one or two players, action re-play, save goal, save game, red and yellow cards, streakers, concussed players, and fighting players."
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"Dirty War (film) Dirty War is a single British television drama film, co-written by Lizzie Mickery and Daniel Percival and directed by Percival, that first broadcast on BBC One on 26 September 2004. The film, produced in association with HBO Films, follows a terrorist attack on Central London where a \"dirty bomb\" is deployed. Principal cast members for the film include Louise Delamere, Alastair Galbraith, William El-Gardi, Martin Savage, Koel Purie, Helen Schlesinger, Ewan Stewart and Paul Antony-Barber. Following its broadcast in the UK, a live questions & answers session with the writers of the programme broadcast on BBC One at 22:50 GMT. In the United States, the film was made available on HBO on 24 January 2005, and the broadcast for the first time on PBS on 23 February 2005. The film was later released on DVD in the United States on October 6, 2005. Percival later won a BAFTA Award for Best New Director for his work on the film. Percival was tasked with creating the film by BBC executives, whose outline for the project was \"think about what the new generation of terrorism actually meant\". Percival stated that \"The challenge of \"Dirty War\" was to tell the story of the attack from the intimate perspective of several different characters. We want to get the messages of this film to the widest possible audience.\" Mickery was asked if she would like to co-write the script. She said of her contribution; \"I think drama has the capacity to touch more people. If you are caught up in the emotions of the characters involved - and not just the statistics - the effect it has on you will last longer and be more intimate. \"Dirty War\"'s aim is to try to make sense of the situation we all face, to ask questions on our behalf, and most importantly, to move us.\" \"Dirty War\" opens with a quote from Eliza Manningham-Buller, the director general (DG) of MI5: \"\"It will only be a matter of time before a crude chemical, biological, or radiological (CBRN) attack is launched on a major Western city\"\". \"Dirty War\" follows the journey of radioactive material, hidden in vegetable oil containers, from Habiller, Turkey, approximately west of Istanbul, through Sofia, Bulgaria, onwards to Deptford, then to an East End Indian food takeaway restaurant, and finally to a rented house in Willesden, where the radioactive material and other components are assembled into a dirty bomb. When the bomb goes off in the heart of London, next to the entrance to Liverpool Street Underground station, the city's inadequate emergency services plans are put to an immediate test, with disturbing results for a population ill-prepared to understand or obey anti-contamination and quarantine orders. In addition to touching upon the motivations of the Islamic extremist terrorists to conduct what they saw as a martyrdom operation, the events are shown through the eyes of three principal groups: the government, the emergency medical services, and the police. Nicola Painswick (Helen Schlesinger), Minister for London, and Deputy Assistant Commissioner John Ives (Ewan Stewart) of the Metropolitan Police Anti-Terrorist Branch, present a governmental point of view. Watch Commander Murray Corrigan (Alastair Galbraith) of the London Fire Brigade and his wife Liz Corrigan (Louise Delamere), who works for the National Health Service, present the emergency services' story. Detective Sergeant Mike Drummer (Martin Savage) and Detective Constable Sameena Habibullah (Koel Purie) lead the police investigation to catch the terrorists, under the watchful eye of their boss, Commander Paul Hardwick (Paul Antony-Barber). DC Habibullah, an English Muslim policewoman from Luton, who speaks Urdu, Punjabi, and Arabic, presents a unique point of view throughout the film. Dirty War (film) Dirty War is a single British television drama film, co-written by Lizzie Mickery and Daniel Percival and directed by Percival, that first broadcast on BBC One on 26 September 2004. The film, produced in association with HBO Films, follows a terrorist attack on Central London where a \"dirty bomb\" is deployed. Principal cast members for the film include Louise Delamere, Alastair Galbraith, William El-Gardi, Martin Savage, Koel Purie, Helen Schlesinger, Ewan Stewart and Paul Antony-Barber. Following its broadcast in the UK, a live questions & answers session with the writers of"
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"Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) was established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve Hong Kong's historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO is responsible for identifying, recording and researching buildings and items of historical interest, as well as organizing and coordinating surveys and excavations in areas of archaeological significance. The Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong government currently manages the Office. The AMO is the executive arm of the Antiquities Authority, a portfolio of the Secretary for Home Affairs. The Government's problematic and confusing framework was exposed by the battle to preserve Queen's Pier. The director of Hong Kong University's architectural conservation program, said that the government needed to clarify relations and responsibilities between the board, the office and the Antiquities Authority. One of the duties of the Office is to foster public awareness of Hong Kong's heritage through education, publicity programmes and the setting up of heritage trails and exhibition centres. The Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre and the Ping Shan Tang Clan Gallery cum Heritage Trail Visitors Centre are under the management of the Office. The adaptive reuse of some historic buildings are organized by the Office, which also provides subvention to the Hong Kong Archaeological Society for excavations and surveys of unexplored heritages. Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) was established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve Hong Kong's historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO is responsible for identifying, recording and researching buildings and items of historical interest, as well as organizing and coordinating surveys and excavations in areas of archaeological significance. The Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong government currently"
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"Surendra Prasad Yadav Surendra Prasad Yadav (born 2 January 1959) is an Indian Politician hailing from eastern Indian State, Bihar. Yadav a leader of Rashtriya Janta Dal is a consecutively seven times elected member of Bihar Legislative Assembly since 1990 to till date from Belaganj, Gaya constituency. He also served as a Member of 12th Lok Sabha of India from Jehanabad Parliamentary Constituency, Minister of Excise, Minister of Industry and a very close acolyte of Indian Politician Lalu Prasad Yadav. Surendra Prasad Yadav was born on 2 January 1959 to a family of farmer in Gaya,Bihar. Mr Yadav had his early education in Gaya and has attended Magadh University. Dr Surendra Prasad Yadav was politically and socially active from his college days and was an active student leader. His student politics supposedly made him rise rapidly through the ranks into mainstream politics. Mr Yadav belief's in the ideas of Secularism which states equal treatment to all religions by the state. Yadav has claimed to be influenced by the life and work of Babasaheb Ambedkar, Karpuri Thakur, Ram Manohar Lohia, Madhu Limaye, Jagdeo Prasad, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Upendra Nath Verma and Sukhdev Prasad Verma. Surendra Prasad Yadav came in contact with Lalu Prasad Yadav in 1981 when Lalu Prasad Yadav was a member of Lok Dal Party. In 1985, Surendra Prasad Yadav has been given a ticket from Lok Dal Party to contest General Election from Jehanabad parliamentary Constituency but he lost it. Later in 1990, he was given a ticket for Bihar Legislative Assembly election from Belaganj Constituency and he won. Surendra Prasad Yadav Surendra Prasad Yadav (born 2 January 1959) is an Indian Politician hailing from eastern Indian State, Bihar. Yadav a leader of Rashtriya Janta Dal is a consecutively seven times elected member of Bihar Legislative Assembly since"
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"Muota (river) The Muota is a river in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and a tributary of Lake Lucerne. It has a length of . The Muota rises on the Ruosalp, an alp to the north of the Glatten on the border between the cantons of Schwyz and Uri. Initially, it flows in a northerly direction through the tiny Bisistal before turning west to the villages of Muotathal and Ried. Beyond Ried, the river flows through a narrow defile between the Gibelhorn and Stooshorn, passing under the Stoosbahn funicular that serves the mountain resort of Stoos, as it does so. After leaving this canyon, the river turns north to reach the village of Ibach in the municipality of Schwyz. At Ibach the river turns west again, then shortly afterwards passes under the A4 motorway and the Gotthard railway line before receiving the Seeweren, which is the outfall stream of Lake Lauerz. Here it flows south-west to enter Lake Lucerne on the west side of the town of Brunnen in the municipality of Ingenbohl. Muota (river) The Muota is a river in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and a tributary of Lake Lucerne. It has a length of . The Muota"
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"Javier, Leyte ', officially the ', is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people. A rural town approximately south of Tacloban City, it is located between the boundaries of Baybay on the west side and MacArthur and Abuyog towns, along the Leyte Gulf. It has a very narrow coastlines and coastal plains facing the Pacific. Javier is subdivided politically into 28 barangays as per RA 3422 - An Act Creating the Municipality of Bugho as an independent municipality in the Province of Leyte, enacted on June 18, 1961. The municipality of Javier, Leyte was formerly barrio Bugho of the municipality of Abuyog, Leyte. Bugho is a contraction of the dialect term \"Binogho\" (from local dialect root word \"buho\"), meaning a small clearing within a forest area. Settlers at about the turn of the century cultivated this small patch of land. Among the earliest known settlers was Macario Cultura, a native of Burauen, Leyte who is believed to have led his friends and relatives to farm the fertile soil of the area, then a virgin forest. Later, as the settlement grew, it became a sitio of barrio Pinocawan, and established barrio since the Spanish occupation. Sometime in 1914, Daniel Falcon Javier of Consolacion, Sogod, Southern Leyte and a former teacher and principal of Cebu Normal School of Cebu City in the early 1900s came to explore the surrounding area of the new settlement. At that time he just came from Cabadbaran, Agusan del Norte where he started extensive farming activities since 1908 after his resignation as principal at the Cebu Normal School. A malaria plague in Cabadbaran, however, inflicted a heavy death toll among his people so that he had to explore other suitable areas until he came upon Bugho. Impressed by the fertility of the soil, he started staking out his claims in Bugho and moved out from Cabadbaran completely. Subsequently, Daniel married Dolores Mercado Veloso, also of Consolacion, Sogod, Southern Leyte, and settled in Bugho naming his settlement as Camalig. He initiated projects in the community where he was readily accepted as the teacher, Daniel Javier's concern was to educate the people. He opened a school in 1918 on land donated by Pedro Abordo with Leona Valles as the first teacher. Daniel Javier was a dedicated man without vices and he led the people in community activities to improve their working habits, eradicate superstition that hampered progress and introduced the use of vaccines and medicines. He also prevailed upon the people to accept the modern and progressive ways of agriculture. The community rapidly progressed as people from Cebu particularly from Argao and Bohol came in droves at the invitation and assistance of Mr. D.F. Javier who helped them legally acquire land-holdings. The people from Argao led by Pedro Gacera of Barrio Talaytay of that town settled at the west side of what is now Barrio Binulho. A bigger school had to be built because of the size of the community and so Mano Daniel (as the people fondly called Daniel F. Javier) invited Mr. Waters, an American Superintendent to help them build one. Mr. Waters readily agreed and together with Evaresto Retucsan donated a new site for the school with the people contributing a counterpart of 1,000.00 Pesos with the release of 7,000.00 pesos from the government. The people through the \"Bayanihan\" system furnished most lumber requirements. Corn, abaca & coconut were the main products of the community. Mano Daniel introduced irrigation utilizing the abundant water resources. It became a progressive community and was the center of trade among the neighboring barrios. In the 1939's it was among the contenders for township with barrios Palale and MacArthur. Since Mano Daniel's leadership was recognized by the provincial and district politicians, he used this influence to bring community improvements. Bugho was not only among the centers of resistance activities but also as evacuation centers during the Second World War. Food and other resources continued to be readily available and the local people supported the guerrilla movement. After the war, guerrilla remnants turned into organized banditry as Bugho still the center of these activities. However, the people continued to work in their farms and production was boosted with the evacuees helping them. Coconut, rice, abaca and ginger became the main products. Although organized banditry still existed and peace and order was not fully restored yet, the people were not deterred in their desire to become an independent municipality. During the mid-1950s, with the help of Attorney Higino A. Acala, Sr the \"Bugho for Municipal Movement\" was organized with Felomino Mercado, Pedro Gecera, Angel Caminong, Ambrocio Novio, Bernardino Tisado and Julia Brosas among its leaders. On December 18, 1959 at the initiative of Mayor Catalino Landia, the municipal council of Abuyog was convened to a session at Bugho endorsing by way of Resolution No. 7 to convert Bugho into an independent municipality of Abuyog to include the barrios of Caraya (Caraye), Ulhay, Tambis, Comatin, Caranhug, Talisayan and Manarug among many others. House Bill No. 2895 sponsored by Congressman Veloso of the 3rd District of Leyte and co-sponsored by Speaker Daniel Z. Romualdez of the 1st district passed through the Senate and became Republic Act 3422 creating the municipality of Bugho in June 1961. The first Municipal election was on November 12, 1963 and on January 3, 1964, the following officials were elected: Ambrocio Novio - Mayor, Felimon Tano - Vice Mayor, Vicente Rellin, Ruperto de Luna, Ruperto Villamor, Hidulfo Malasaga, Pastor Dingal, Eutiquiano Badique as councilors. It began its operations as a 7th class municipality. In December 1965, the municipal Council unanimously approved a resolution to change the name of the municipality of Bugho to Javier, in honor of the late Daniel Falcon Javier, who died in Consolacion, Sogod in 1957. In 1970, the seat of government was finally transferred to the present site on a building constructed through the efforts of Congressman Artemio Mate. In 1972, the son of the late Daniel F. Javier, Domingo V. Javier, was elected Mayor. Within a few months after his assumption of office and before Martial Law, road networks were vastly improved. Thirty eight years later, the decades-old political leadership of the Cua's was challenged when businessman Leonardo \"Sandy\" Javier, Jr. ran as Mayor in 2010. His desire to “give back” blessings has pushed him to serve his hometown, concentrating his efforts on converting the poor municipality into a model town that would be emulated not only in the region but in the whole country. However, he was overwhelmingly victorious against his rival during the local election held that same year. In the , the population of Javier, Leyte, was people, with a density of . Javier is a melting pot for both Waraynon and Cebuano speaking natives. But Lineyte-Samarnon (\"waray-waray\") is the official language spoken of the town. The \"Karayhakan\" is held every third week of January. Natural scenery: Landmarks: Prep schools: Primary schools: Secondary schools: Javier, Leyte ', officially the ', is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people. A rural town approximately south of Tacloban City, it is located between the boundaries of"
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"Hiware Bazar Hiware Bazar is a village in the Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra, India. It is noted for its irrigation system and water conservation program, with which it has fought the drought and drinking water problems. The village experienced mass exodus during the severe drought in 1972. However the village experienced a turnaround after 1989, Popatrao Baguji Pawar, the only postgraduate in the village contested for the post of gram panchayat sarpanch and won. He managed to get the illicit 22 liquor retail outlets closed, secure bank loans for farmers and started rainwater harvesting, water conservation and management programs, which involved building 52 earthen bunds, percolation tanks, 32 stone bunds and nine check dams. Its development plan was based on village Ralegan Siddhi, 35 km away, also in the same district, turned around by Anna Hazare. By the 1990s, reverse migration started as families started returning home. In 2012, the village with its 235 families and an overall population of 1,250, had a monthly per capita income Rs 30,000, up from Rs. 830 in 1995, plus it had 60 families with an annual income of over 10 Lakh rupees. In 2012, the joint state and central government plan was announced to establish a national-level centre for training in panchayati raj system for watershed development, sanitation and capacity building at the village, to be built at a cost of Rs 12-crore. Hiware Bazar lies in the drought-prone Ahmednagar district. Prior to 1989, the village was facing several problems such as migration of the villagers to the nearby urban areas, high crime and scarcity of water. In 1990, after Popatrao Pawar was elected as the sarpanch (village chief), the village used funds from government schemes and launched a program to recover its past glory. The village is conceptualized and planned after Ralegan Siddhi, another village noted for its conservational initiatives. The villagers implemented a drip-irrigation system to conserve water and soil, and to increase the food production. They avoided crops like sugarcane and bananas, which require a high use of water. The program included rainwater harvesting, digging trenches around the hill contours to trap water, afforestation and building of percolation tanks. These initiatives were complemented by a program for social change, which included a ban on liquor, adoption of family planning, mandating HIV/AIDS testing before marriages and \"shramdaan\" (voluntary labour for development of the village). The initiatives greatly improved the socio-economic conditions in the village, and the village was declared as an \"Ideal Village\" by the Government of Maharashtra. At the \"National Ground Water Congress\" in New Delhi on 11 September 2007, the village received the \"National Water Award\" by the Government of India. In 1995, only a tenth of the village's land was arable and 168 of its 182 families were below the poverty line. By 2010, the average income of the village had increased twenty-fold: 50 of the villagers had become millionaires (in Indian rupees), and only 3 families were below the poverty line. The grass harvest increased from 100 tonnes in 2000 to 6,000 tonnes in 2004, and the milk production rose from 150 litres a day in the mid-1990s to 4,000 in 2010. Hiware Bazar Hiware Bazar is a village in the Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra, India. It is noted for its irrigation system and water conservation program, with which it has fought the drought and drinking water problems. The village experienced mass exodus during the severe drought in 1972. However the village experienced a turnaround after 1989, Popatrao Baguji Pawar, the only postgraduate in the village contested for the post of gram panchayat sarpanch and won. He"
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"WLOV-TV WLOV-TV is a Fox affiliated television station licensed to West Point, Mississippi, United States, serving northeastern Mississippi and northwestern Alabama. It broadcasts a high definition digital signal on UHF channel 16 (or virtual channel 27 via PSIP) from a transmitter in Woodland, Mississippi. The station is owned by Coastal Television Broadcasting Company; Heartland Media, which owns Tupelo-licensed NBC/ABC affiliate WTVA (channel 9), operates WLOV under a local marketing agreement (LMA). The two outlets share studios on Beech Springs Road (County Road 681) in Saltillo. The station signed on as WVSB-TV on May 29, 1983 as the third commercial station in the market. It was supposed to launch on May 1, but equipment and weather delays pushed the date back. Originally owned by Venture Systems and airing an analog signal on UHF channel 27, WVSB immediately took the ABC affiliation from WTVA, which carried ABC programming on a secondary basis. From its start, the station had the disadvantage of being a UHF-band television station competing with two well-established VHF stations. Love Communications would buy WVSB in 1991 and changed the call sign to WLOV-TV on September 9. Despite efforts to educate viewers about obtaining the station, competition from WCBI-TV and WTVA was fierce. In May 1992, it entered into a program service agreement (predecessor to local marketing agreement) with WTVA. On November 25 of that year, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) cleared the deal allowing WLOV to move its facilities from West Point to Tupelo. At first, WLOV moved into offices in the Tupelo Community Antenna (now Comcast) building, but it was eventually integrated into WTVA's studios in Saltillo. Lingard Broadcasting Corporation purchased the station in August 1994, continuing the partnership with WTVA. At the same time, WLOV became a secondary Fox affiliate. Before that, cable systems in the area piped in the network's Memphis affiliates, first WMKW-TV (which changed the call letters to WUMT in 1989, and then WLMT one year later), and later WPTY-TV, or the network's Birmingham affiliates, first WDBB, and then in 1991, WTTO when WDBB started simulcasting with that station. On October 10, 1995, WLOV dropped ABC completely, and became a full Fox affiliate, leaving Northeast Mississippi and the part of West Alabama the station served without a local affiliate until the launch of WKDH on June 18, 2001. During that period, cable systems in the area piped in WPTY from Memphis or WCFT-TV from Tuscaloosa, Alabama. WLOV's digital signal on UHF channel 16 signed-on August 22, 2004 and upgraded to full-powered high definition level in April 2007. On April 1 of that year, WLOV launched a new second digital subchannel to be the market's This TV affiliate. Although not initially carried on digital cable systems, WLOV-DT2 was eventually picked up by carriage agreements. On September 1, 2012, WLOV added MeTV to digital subchannel 27.2; the network relocated from WTVA, which switched the affiliation of its second digital subchannel from MeTV to ABC on that date, due to the August 31 shutdown of WKDH (which WTVA-DT2 effectively replaced the affiliate for the Columbus/Tupelo/West Point market). This TV was relocated to a new third digital subchannel to make room for MeTV. Lingard Broadcasting filed to sell WLOV to Tupelo Broadcasting on December 21, 2012; the new owners continued the station's agreements with WTVA. The sale was consummated on August 13. Heartland Media announced its purchase of WTVA from the Spain family on September 16, 2014; while WLOV-TV itself was not included in the deal as it is owned separately, Heartland inherited WTVA's agreements with WLOV. Three weeks later, on October 7, Coastal Television Broadcasting Company (which owns fellow Fox affiliate KTBY in Anchorage, Alaska) announced that it would acquire WLOV. Both transactions were completed on February 11, 2015. The station's digital signal is multiplexed: WLOV-TV shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 27, on February 17, 2009, the original target date in which full-power television stations in the United States were to transition from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate (which was later pushed back to June 12, 2009). The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 16. Through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 27. In March 2000, WTVA began producing a Sunday through Friday night prime time newscast on this station. Formerly known as \"WLOV News at Nine\", this broadcast can be seen for thirty minutes. It began to have competition on September 8, 2008 when WCBI added a weeknight-only half-hour newscast on its second digital subchannel (which carries Fox sister service MyNetworkTV). On April 20, 2009, WTVA became the first station in the market and second in the state to upgrade local news to high definition. Compared nationwide, it was the smallest market outlet that made the change. \"WLOV News at Nine\" would not be included in the upgrade until June 22. As Of November 21st 2018, WLOV's Newscast is Currently Known as WLOV Fox News at 9pm. WLOV-TV WLOV-TV is a Fox affiliated television station licensed to West Point, Mississippi, United States, serving northeastern Mississippi and northwestern Alabama. It broadcasts a high definition digital signal on UHF channel 16 (or virtual channel 27 via PSIP) from a transmitter in Woodland, Mississippi. The station is owned by Coastal Television Broadcasting Company; Heartland Media, which owns Tupelo-licensed NBC/ABC affiliate WTVA (channel 9), operates WLOV under a local marketing"
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"Hubert Salentin Johann Hubert Salentin (born January 15, 1822, Zülpich, died July 7, 1910, Düsseldorf) was a German painter, associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. Salentin was blacksmith for 14 years. It was until 1850 that he came to the Düsseldorf Academy, where Wilhelm von Schadow, Carl Ferdinand son Adolph Tidemand where his main teachers. He deals with fondness \"gemütvolle\" scenes from rural life in the West German country, which by correct drawing and the use of clear colors in liquid treatment excels. Salentin was representative of the Düsseldorfer School of painters. Currently paintings of Salentin are owened by art galleries and collectors all over the world. Most original paintings can be viewed at Homemuseum in Zuelpich(Germany) Hubert Salentin Johann Hubert Salentin (born January 15, 1822, Zülpich, died July 7, 1910, Düsseldorf) was a German painter, associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. Salentin was blacksmith for 14 years. It was until 1850 that he came to the Düsseldorf Academy, where Wilhelm von Schadow, Carl Ferdinand son Adolph Tidemand where his main teachers. He deals with fondness \"gemütvolle\" scenes from rural life in the West German country, which by correct drawing and the use of clear colors in liquid"
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"Joe Erautt Joseph Michael Erautt (September 1, 1921 – October 6, 1976) was a Canadian-born professional baseball player. Nicknamed \"Stubby\", the , catcher appeared in 32 total games over parts of two seasons (1950–51) with the Chicago White Sox. Born in Vibank, Saskatchewan, and of German descent, he was the elder brother of MLB pitcher Eddie Erautt. The Erautt family moved to Portland, Oregon, before Eddie was born, hence the younger sibling was a native American citizen. Joe Erautt was an alumnus of the University of Portland. He served in the United States Army Air Forces in the Pacific Theater during World War II. His war-interrupted professional career extended for 14 total seasons (1940–42; 1946–56) and included almost 1,100 games played in minor league baseball. His MLB service consisted of two 16-game stints with the White Sox. For his career, he collected eight hits, including one double, and compiled a .186 batting average in 43 at-bats, with one run batted in. Joe Erautt Joseph Michael Erautt (September 1, 1921 – October 6, 1976) was a Canadian-born professional baseball player. Nicknamed \"Stubby\", the , catcher appeared in 32 total games over parts of two seasons (1950–51) with the Chicago White Sox."
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"New Ideas From Dead Economists New Ideas from Dead Economists, written by Todd G. Buchholz, is an introduction to the history and development of modern economic thought, originally published in 1989. Since its original publication, there have been two revisions, the most recent of which was published in 2007. In the foreword, Martin Feldstein writes: In this book, Todd Buchholz provides a intelligible introduction to the key ideas of economics through the study of the great economists who have shaped the discipline. Instead of the formal models and complex diagrams that are the focus of standard economics textbooks, Buchholz provides clear, nontechnical explanations and timely examples. New Ideas From Dead Economists New Ideas from Dead Economists, written by Todd G. Buchholz, is an introduction to the history and development of modern economic thought, originally published in 1989. Since its original publication, there have been two revisions, the most recent of which was published in 2007. In the foreword, Martin Feldstein writes: In this book, Todd Buchholz provides a intelligible introduction to the key ideas of economics through the study of the great economists who have shaped the discipline. Instead of the formal models and complex diagrams that are the focus"
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"Richard Humphrey (cricketer, born 1848) Richard Humphrey (12 December 1848 – 24 February 1906) was an English first-class cricketer active 1870–81 who played for Surrey and numerous occasional teams as a right-handed batsman. He was born in Mitcham as the youngest of four brothers who all played first-class cricket: John, Thomas and William Humphrey being his elder brothers. He made 194 first-class appearances, including 145 for Surrey, scoring 5,614 runs with a highest score of 116* against Kent in 1871, his sole first-class century. As a fielder, he held 106 catches. He was a specialist batsman and there is no record of him ever bowling. Humphrey toured Australia with W. G. Grace's team in 1873–74 but the matches on that tour were all of second-class or minor standard. Humphrey was a plumber for much of his working life. He also ran businesses as a tobacconist and as a sports outfitter. He held two cricket coaching positions after his playing career ended, first at Clifton College and latterly at Bedford Grammar School. He was prone to epilepsy and was hospitalised April 1891 in Bristol after one attack. Humphrey drowned in February 1906 in mysterious circumstances. His body was recovered from the River Thames at Westminster. It is believed that he succumbed to mental illness having been reduced to poor circumstances. He was buried in St Pancras Cemetery, East Finchley, on 28 February 1906. Richard Humphrey (cricketer, born 1848) Richard Humphrey (12 December 1848 – 24 February 1906) was an English first-class cricketer active 1870–81 who played for Surrey and numerous occasional teams as a right-handed batsman. He was born in Mitcham as the youngest of four brothers who all played first-class cricket: John, Thomas and William Humphrey being his elder brothers. He made 194 first-class appearances, including 145 for Surrey, scoring"
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"Sir Alfred Pease, 2nd Baronet Sir Alfred Edward Pease, 2nd Baronet (29 June 1857 – 27 April 1939), was a British Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1885 and 1902 and who became a pioneer settler of British East Africa, now Kenya. Alfred Pease was a member of the family of Quaker industrialists, known in Britain as the Darlington Peases. He was the elder son of Joseph W. Pease, 1st Bt and his wife Mary Fox. His younger and only brother, was to later in his own career, accept a peerage and become Joseph Albert Pease, 1st Baron Gainford. Alfred was educated at Grove House School, Tottenham, and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He began his career in the family bank, J. & J. W. Pease, of which he later became both a director and partner. He held similar positions in Pease & Partners, whose subsidiary interests embraced collieries, Ironstone mines, limestone quarries, as well as iron manufacturing, fabrication and construction. In the course of his years, he served as managing director, Vice-Chairman (1907) and chairman (1927) of the Owners of the Middlesbrough Estate. From 1885 until 1892 he was one of the two Liberal Members of Parliament returned for York, and then from 1897 until 1902 the Cleveland division of Yorkshire. During his years in parliament, he served as a J.P. and Alderman for the North Riding of Yorkshire, a Deputy Lieutenant for Cleveland division, as well as being appointed to the Lieutenancy for the City of London He was also a founder and President of the Cleveland Bay Horse Society. Pease had apparently indicated that he was in declining health before the general election of 1900 but was pressed by his local Liberal Association to contest that election. He did so on condition that if his condition made it impossible for him to sit for the whole Parliament he would be allowed to resign, and by September 1902 he referred to ill-health and asked to step down. With the failure of the family business interests in 1902, he thus brought his political career to a close and amidst the wreckage sought out new opportunity, which was to take him to South Africa. Between 1903 and 1905, he served as a Resident Magistrate at Barberton in what was then the Transvaal Colony, but now Mpumalanga, in South Africa, before moving to the opposite end of the continent, to explore the Sudan, Somaliland, and the northern Sahara. During this time he continued to write of his travels and experiences; a habit that had begun with his \"Biskra and Oases of the Zibans\" (1893) and followed by \"Hunting Reminiscences\", (1898). \"The Badger\", (1898). \"Horse Breeding for Farmers\", (1902). and \"Travels and Sport in Africa\", (1902). \"Rachel Gurney of the Grove\", (1907). \"The Diaries of Edward Pease\", (1907). \"The Book of the Lion\", (1914) and \"Memoir of Edmund Loder\", (1922). In 1906, he leased more than of prairie land in the Athi Plains region of British East Africa, southwest of present-day Nairobi. There he founded an ostrich-ranch and hunted the game which was at that time plentiful on Kenya's high plateaus. The Pease property, Kitanga near Machakos was situated close to the Uganda Railway, and this enabled Sir Alfred to host a number of the famous travellers who hunted during the great age of safaris. As a result, he is mentioned in many of the personal accounts of the period. Theodore Roosevelt, who enjoyed Pease's hospitality in 1909, with his son Kermit, at the start of his world-famous expedition to Africa, described Sir Alfred as 'a singularly good rider and one of the best game shots I have ever seen.' In 1909 he became one of the founder members of the Shikar Club formed to promote the activity of hunting and shooting Big Game animals. Specimens from Sir Alfred's animal collections can be seen at the Dorman Museum. Sir Alfred's first cousin was Katherine Routledge, who visited him in Kenya in 1904. Later she and her husband led the \"Mana\" expedition to Easter Island from 1913–1915, during time which she carried out the pioneering excavations of the island's legendary monuments, and recorded the surviving oral history of the island's past. Sir Alfred married three times. His first marriage in 1880, was to his first cousin, Helen Ann Fowler, third child of Sir Robert Fowler, 1st Baronet. The marriage produced two sons and a daughter. His second marriage, in 1912, was to Laure Marianne Sugnet de Montmagny and was childless. His last marriage, in 1922, was to Emily Elizabeth Smith and produced two more sons and two more daughters. Sir Alfred's second son, Captain Christopher York Pease , was killed in the last year of the First World War, on 9 May 1918, and was buried in the Mazingarbe Communal Cemetery Extension. A cousin from what would become the Daryngton branch: Lt. Ronald Herbert Pike Pease of the Coldstream Guards, the Guards regiment for the North of England, had already been killed in 1916. Christopher Pease was serving in an appropriately Yorkshire unit: the Yorkshire Hussars. Mobilised as Yeomanry cavalry until it became clear there was little work for horsed units on the Western Front, the unit re-roled as infantry and merged with the remnants of a battalion of the West Yorkshire Regiment. The unit was now styled the \"9th (Yorkshire Hussars) Bn. of the West Yorkshire Regiment\" and the uniform combined the cap badgeof the cavalry regiment with the collar-badges of the infantry regiment. Captain Pease was older than the norm and was 31 when he died. His son, Ingram, was then just 3 months old. When this grandson of Sir Alfred grew up, a new war was imminent and Ingram, like his father, joined the Armed Forces 'for the Duration'. In February 1939, Pilot Officer Ingram Pease of the RAFVR died in uniform, like his own father; killed in an accident, training to be a pilot. He was serving with 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron when he flew his Hawker Hind, in poor weather, into the summit of Bishop Hill in Kinross. Sir Alfred died, aged 81, a few weeks after this tragedy, and just before the anniversary of the death of his son Christopher. Just over a year later, Ingram's cousin Arthur – generally known as Peter – Pease, of the other Pease baronetcy, would also be killed: also as an airman, and also in 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron, now re-equipped with Spitfires, during the Battle of Britain; Peter is mentioned by Richard Hillary in the famous war memoir \"The Last Enemy\". The eldest son, Edward Pease (1880–1963), succeeded to the baronetcy and when the 3rd Baronet died, the title passed to his elder son by his third marriage, (Alfred) Vincent Pease (1926–2008), who died without issue. The baronetcy then passed in 2008, to Sir Alfred's youngest son, being the younger son of the third marriage, Joseph Gurney Pease, who became the 5th Baronet and is the current holder of the title. List of political families in the United Kingdom Sir Alfred Pease, 2nd Baronet Sir Alfred Edward Pease, 2nd Baronet (29 June 1857 – 27 April 1939), was a British Liberal Party politician who"
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"Fung Dou Dak Fung Dou Dak is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders, survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912). Some of the legends say that Pak Mei and Fung Dou Dak joined forces with the Qing army and destroyed the second southern Shaolin Temple with a huge army outnumbering the monks 10 to 1. Gee Seen, the Abbott of the temple was killed by Pak Mei in a duel during the attack. Ming China, which had been weakened by corruption and internal rebellion, was overtaken by the Manchu in 1644. Hong Mei (\"Red Eyebrows\"), abbot of the southern Shaolin Temple, died during this time and his position was passed onto Chi Thien Su, also known as Jee Sin. Another such master named Chu Long Tuyen did not accept this. He believed the Ming had become corrupt and would rather serve the Qing rulers. In 1647 the Manchu attacked the southern Shaolin Temple in Quanzhou, Fujian province. Only five masters managed to escape, and since then became known as the Five Elders. Chi Thien Su, one of the Five Elders, founded another temple at Nine Lotus Mountain in Fujian where the survivors sought shelter. Chu Long Tuyen refused to provide his real name for fear of retribution against his family and students, in case they survived. The abbot then christened him \"Bak Mei\"—White Eyebrow. According to some stories, Bak Mei betrayed the Ming by taking information about their plot against the invaders to the Manchu Shunzhi Emperor, then returned with information about the Manchu attack plan to the Shaolin. After the temple was destroyed, Bak Mei and Fung Dou Dak left the temple on separate paths in order to study Taoism. Bak Mei trained an anti-imperial attack force but, following capture of the force by the imperials, was forced to teach and lead 50,000 imperial troops in the second destruction of the Shaolin Temple to prevent those captured with him from being tortured and killed. There, Bak Mei slew the \"invincible\" Shaolin leader Chi Thien Su in single combat by breaking his neck. He claimed he did this to prevent the massacre of the monks in the temple by the troops who followed him. While he is often portrayed as a traitor, Bak Mei's actions were undertaken (and by extension Fung Dou Dak's), including the destruction of the temple, with the intention of preventing harm to those who had chosen to follow him. It is possible that if Bak Mei and Fung Dou Dak had not aided the imperial forces, their followers would have been tortured to death. Other sources (from Bak Fu Pai schools) assert that Fung Dou Dak did not, in fact, help Bak Mei destroy Shaolin. In their accounts, Fung was loyal to the Shaolin Temple; while it was burning, he saved the herbal medicine manuals and escaped through a secret tunnel. He then adopted Taoism so as to avoid the Qing soldiers who were on the lookout for Buddhist monks. Fung made his way to a Taoist monastery on Emei Mountain, and there refined his martial skills, combining Shaolin skills with Taoist principles. He was helped in his efforts by a physician and herbal expert named Doo Tin Yin (he helped him gain admission to the Taoist monastery and/or used his position as an imperial physician to protect Fung from his enemies ). Ku Kuan Chung played Fung Dou Dak in the 1979 film Abbot of Shaolin. Fung Dou Dak Fung Dou Dak is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders, survivors of"
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"Snow fence A snow fence, similar to a sand fence, is a barrier that forces windblown, drifting snow to accumulate in a desired place. They are primarily employed to minimize the amount of snowdrift on roadways and railways. Farmers and ranchers use snow fences to create drifts in basins for a ready supply of water in the spring. Ski resorts also use snow fences in order to increase snow depth in specified areas, or for avalanche control. Temporary snow fences are usually one of two varieties: perforated orange plastic sheeting attached to stakes at regular intervals (the type usually used for construction site fencing or temporary sports field fencing), or a cedar or other lightweight wood strip and wire fence, also attached to metal stakes. A permanent snow fence usually consists of poles with horizontal planks running across them so that they cover just over one-half of the total fence area. The bottom 10% to 15% of the fence should be left open so that snow does not settle directly under the fence, which would reduce its effective height. Taller fences trap more snow. Taking the height of the fence as one unit, it should be placed thirty-five units or more to windward of the road or building that it is meant to protect. Permanent snow fences can also consist of lines of closely spaced shrubs, conifer trees or maize stalks. Snow fences work by causing turbulence in the wind, such that it drops much of its snow load on the lee side of the fence. Thus, snow fences actually cause snow drifts, rather than preventing them. The fences are placed so as to cause a snow drift where it is beneficial, or not harmful so that the snow does not drift onto undesired areas such as roads or among buildings. Snow fences have been reported to save lives and reduce maintenance costs. Snow and ice removal and control costs over $2 billion annually in the US. Studies published by Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) of National Research Council in 1991 showed that mechanical snow removal costs about 100 times more than trapping snow with fences. Snow fence A snow fence, similar to a sand fence, is a barrier that forces windblown, drifting snow to accumulate in a desired place. They are primarily employed to minimize the amount of snowdrift on roadways and railways. Farmers and ranchers use snow fences"
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"Ontology learning Ontology learning (ontology extraction, ontology generation, or ontology acquisition) is the automatic or semi-automatic creation of ontologies, including extracting the corresponding domain's terms and the relationships between the concepts that these terms represent from a corpus of natural language text, and encoding them with an ontology language for easy retrieval. As building ontologies manually is extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming, there is great motivation to automate the process. Typically, the process starts by extracting terms and concepts or noun phrases from plain text using linguistic processors such as part-of-speech tagging and phrase chunking. Then statistical or symbolic techniques are used to extract relation signatures, often based on pattern-based or definition-based hypernym extraction techniques. Ontology learning (OL) is used to (semi-)automatically extract whole ontologies from natural language text. The process is usually split into the following eight tasks, which are not all necessarily applied in every ontology learning system. During the domain terminology extraction step, domain-specific terms are extracted, which are used in the following step (concept discovery) to derive concepts. Relevant terms can be determined e. g. by calculation of the TF/IDF values or by application of the C-value / NC-value method. The resulting list of terms has to be filtered by a domain expert. In the subsequent step, similarly to coreference resolution in information extraction, the OL system determines synonyms, because they share the same meaning and therefore correspond to the same concept. The most common methods therefore are clustering and the application of statistical similarity measures. In the concept discovery step, terms are grouped to meaning bearing units, which correspond to an abstraction of the world and therefore to concepts. The grouped terms are these domain-specific terms and their synonyms, which were identified in the domain terminology extraction step. In the concept hierarchy derivation step, the OL system tries to arrange the extracted concepts in a taxonomic structure. This is mostly achieved by unsupervised hierarchical clustering methods. Because the result of such methods is often noisy, a supervision, e. g. by evaluation by the user, is integrated. A further method for the derivation of a concept hierarchy exists in the usage of several patterns, which should indicate a sub- or supersumption relationship. Patterns like “X, that is a Y” or “X is a Y” indicate, that X is a subclass of Y. Such pattern can be analyzed efficiently, but they occur too infrequent, to extract enough sub- or supersumption relationships. Instead bootstrapping methods are developed, which learn these patterns automatically and therefore ensure a higher coverage. At the learning of non-taxonomic relations step, relationships are extracted, which do not express any sub- or supersumption. Such relationships are e.g. works-for or located-in. There are two common approaches to solve this subtask. The first one is based upon the extraction of anonymous associations, which are named appropriately in a second step. The second approach extracts verbs, which indicate a relationship between the entities, represented by the surrounding words. But the result of both approaches has to be evaluated by an ontologist. During rule discovery, axioms (formal description of concepts) are generated for the extracted concepts. This can be achieved for example by analyzing the syntactic structure of a natural language definition and the application of transformation rules on the resulting dependency tree. The result of this process is a list of axioms, which is afterwards comprehended to a concept description. This one has to be evaluated by an ontologist. At this step, the ontology is augmented with instances of concepts and properties. For the augmentation with instances of concepts, methods based on the matching of lexico-syntactic patterns are used. Instances of properties are added by application of bootstrapping methods, which collect relation tuples. In this step, the OL system tries to extend the taxonomic structure of an existing ontology with further concepts. This can be realized supervised by a trained classifier or unsupervised by the application of similarity measures. During frame/event detection, the OL system tries to extract complex relationships from text, e.g. who departed from where to what place and when. Approaches range from applying SVM with kernel methods to semantic role labeling (SRL) to deep semantic parsing techniques. Dog4Dag (Dresden Ontology Generator for Directed Acyclic Graphs) is an ontology generation plugin for Protégé 4.1 and OBOEdit 2.1. It allows for term generation, sibling generation, definition generation, and relationship induction. Integrated into Protégé 4.1 and OBO-Edit 2.1, DOG4DAG allows ontology extension for all common ontology formats (e.g., OWL and OBO). Limited largely to EBI and Bio Portal lookup service extensions. Ontology learning Ontology learning (ontology extraction, ontology generation, or ontology acquisition) is the automatic or semi-automatic creation of ontologies, including extracting the corresponding domain's terms and the relationships between the concepts that these terms represent from a corpus of natural language text, and encoding them with an ontology"
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"John G. Woolley John Granville Woolley (February 15, 1850 – August 13, 1922), a lawyer and public speaker, was the Prohibition Party's candidate for President of the United States in the election of 1900. Woolley was born in Collinsville, Ohio, on February 15, 1850, and graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1871, later gaining admission to the Illinois bar. He was elected City Attorney in Paris, Illinois, in 1875 and became Prosecuting Attorney of Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1881. Two years after entering private practice in New York in 1886, Woolley, a reformed alcoholic, began a career of public speaking around the country. Woolley was nominated for President of the United States, together with Henry B. Metcalf of Rhode Island for Vice President, at the Prohibition Party's national convention in Chicago on June 27–28, 1900. (Woolley had declined a previous nomination for President in 1896.) Woolley received the third-highest number of popular votes on November 6, 1900, after William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan (over 209,000 or 1.5% of the national total), but not a single vote of the Electoral College in December. [The 1900 ticket's highest popular vote in a single state was 27,908 (2.4%) in Pennsylvania; its highest percentage of a state's popular vote was 5.7% (2,244) in Florida.] As the 19th century ended and the 20th began, Woolley was successively editor (and part-owner) of \"The Lever\" in Chicago and of the journal into which it merged, \"The New Voice\", national organ of the Prohibition Party, founded in 1899. Woolley made two tours of Europe in 1901 and 1905 to speak for Prohibition, and died in Granada, Spain, on August 13, 1922. John G. Woolley John Granville Woolley (February 15, 1850 – August 13, 1922), a lawyer and public speaker, was the Prohibition Party's candidate for President of the"
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"New to This Town New to This Town is the second solo studio album by American country music artist Kix Brooks. It was released on September 11, 2012 via Arista Nashville. It is Brooks' first album after his split as one half of Brooks & Dunn. Brooks produced the album and co-wrote nine of its twelve tracks. Its first single, the title track, features Joe Walsh on guitar and was co-produced by Jay DeMarcus, one third of Rascal Flatts. This album was followed by the soundtrack to Brooks' film \"Ambush at Dark Canyon,\" for which he composed most of the musical score and also starred in. New to This Town New to This Town is the second solo studio album by American country music artist Kix Brooks. It was released on September 11, 2012 via Arista Nashville. It is Brooks' first album after his split as one half of Brooks & Dunn. Brooks produced the album and co-wrote nine of its twelve tracks. Its first single, the title track, features Joe Walsh on guitar and was co-produced by Jay DeMarcus, one third of Rascal Flatts. This album was followed by the soundtrack to Brooks' film \"Ambush at Dark Canyon,\" for"
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"Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (\"MPGN\"), also known as mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, is a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane (GBM) thickening, activating complement and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for approximately 4% of primary renal causes of nephrotic syndrome in children and 7% in adults. It should not be confused with membranous glomerulonephritis, a condition in which the basement membrane is thickened, but the mesangium is not. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis involves deposits at the intraglomerular mesangium. It is also the main hepatitis C associated nephropathy. It also is related to a number of autoimmune diseases, prominently systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Also found with Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, inherited complement deficiencies (esp C2 deficiency), scleroderma, Celiac disease. The histomorphologic differential diagnosis includes transplant glomerulopathy and thrombotic microangiopathies. The GBM is rebuilt on top of the deposits, causing a \"tram tracking\" appearance under the microscope. Mesangial cellularity is increased. There are three types of MPGN, but this classification is becoming obsolete as the causes of this pattern are becoming understood. Type I the most common by far, is caused by immune complexes depositing in the kidney. It is characterised by subendothelial and mesangial immune deposits. It is believed to be associated with the classical complement pathway. The preferred name is \"dense deposit disease\". Most cases of dense deposit disease do not show a membranoproliferative pattern, A 2012 review considers DDD to be in a continuum with C3 glomerulonephritis, one reason the use of type I to type III classification system is falling out of favour. Most cases are associated with the dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. DDD is associated with deposition of complement C3 within the glomeruli with little or no staining for immunoglobulin. The presence of C3 without significant immunoglobulin suggested to early investigators that DDD was due to abnormal activation of the complement alternative pathway (AP). There is now strong evidence that DDD is caused by uncontrolled AP activation. Spontaneous remissions of MPGN II are rare, approximately half of those affected with MPGN II will progress to end stage renal disease within 10 years. In many cases, people with MPGN II can develop drusen which is caused by same deposits within the Bruch's membrane beneath the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer of the eye. Over time vision can deteriorate and subretinal neovascular membranes, macular detachment, and central serous retinopathy develop. Type III is very rare, it is characterized by a mixture of subepithelial and subendothelial immune and/or complement deposits. These deposits elicit an immune response, causing damage to cells and structures within their vicinity. Has similar pathological findings of Type I disease. A candidate gene has been identified on chromosome 1. Complement component 3 is seen under immunofluorescence. it is associated with complement receptor 6 deficiency. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (\"MPGN\"), also known as mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, is a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane (GBM) thickening, activating complement and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for"
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"Selkirk (horse) Selkirk (February 19, 1988 – January 3, 2013) was an American-bred Thoroughbred race horse and sire who raced mainly in Europe. Bred in Pennsylvania and owned by American philanthropist businessman George W. Strawbridge, Jr., he was trained by Ian Balding. At the end of 1991, his third year, he had a record of 3-1-2 out of seven starts. In total, he had won six of his 15 starts. He retired from racing in 1993 and began his stud career at Kirsten Rausing's Lanwades stud farm in Newmarket, England, where he sired 92 stakes winners from 987 foals. He died on January 3, 2013 at the age of 25. Selkirk was a chestnut horse with a white blaze and long white socks on his hind legs, bred in Pennsylvania by his owner George Strawbridge. He was sired by Sharpen Up, a British racehorse who won the Middle Park Stakes in 1971 before becoming a successful breeding stallion. His other progeny included Pebbles, Kris and Diesis. Selkirk's dam, Annie Edge was a successful racemare for Strawbridge on both sides of the Atlantic, winning the Park Stakes in 1983, and the New York Stakes a year later. Strawbridge sent his colt to be raced in Europe and trained at Ian Balding's Kingsclere training facility near Watership Down, Hampshire, England. Selkirk never contested a maiden race, instead starting his career in a Listed stakes event. On September 14 Selkirk won his debut race in the Stardom Stakes at Goodwood by four lengths with a time of 1m 38.56s. He was immediately moved up to the highest level for the Group One Grand Criterium at Longchamp on October 6 in which finished fourth at around three lengths behind champion Hector Protector. In the first half of the year, Selkirk had begun to experience pain and his racing began to falter. Veterinarian Simon Knapp discovered that the horse had an un-descended or trapped testicle. Surgery and subsequent recovery was required. On September 6, Selkirk returned to racing. The Milcars Temple Fortune Stakes at Kempton Park was his first impressive win as he broke the course record by almost three seconds, winning by five lengths with a time of 1m 36.43s. Both owner and trainer took the win as a sign Selkirk was not only back in racing form, but also more improved. He was entered into the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes at Ascot on September 28 against the best milers of Europe, such as Kooyonga and Shadayid. Selkirk won that race by 1 1/2 lengths at a time of 1m 44.34s. His previous victory allowed him to be highweighted at the 1991 English Free Handicap at 7 to 9 1/2 furlongs. He received his first honor in 1991 as Timeform named him Europe's Champion Miler. This honor followed him into his fourth year and 1992. On his first appearance of the new season Selkirk won the Lockinge Stakes at Newbury on May 15 by 2 1/2 lengths over Lahib (1m 36.99s). In July he finished second to Marling by only a head in the Sussex Stakes, and on August 29 he won the Celebration Mile (1m 41.72s) by 2 1/2 over Steinbeck, the latter two races at Goodwood. Selkirk was set to become the first horse since Brigadier Gerard in 1972 to win consecutive runnings of the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes, but his regular jockey Ray Cochrane had been suspended. Former jockey John Reid and Selkirk finished third. His next 2 1/2-length finish came on October 15 at Newmarket in the seven-furlong Challenge Stakes with a time of 1m 22.27s over Thourios. Native-American Selkirk finished his racing career on October 31 at Gulfstream Park at the Breeders' Cup Mile. The tight turns and high humidity of the track proved difficult for Selkirk and he came in fifth across the wire, five lengths behind winner Lure. At the age of five, Selkirk retired to Kirsten Rausing's Lanwades Stud farm in Newmarket, England. The horse's stud fee in 1993 was USD$32,506 (£20,000). That price had doubled by 2005. Within 20 years, he had sired 92 stakes winners from 987 foals, 16 of which became Grade/Group 1 winners and two top line winners. His most successful offspring included Classic winners Wince and Kastoria as well as Cityscape, Sublimity and the Pretty Polly Stakes winner Thistle Bird. Selkirk died of old age on January 3, 2013. Of his death, Kirsten Rausing stated: \"We will greatly miss him, but his memory will live on, not only here at the stud, but throughout the Thoroughbred industry in this country and abroad.\" Former trainer Ian Balding added: \"He was a wonderful racehorse first and then went on to prove himself as a champion stallion ... He was just a lovely horse to have anything to do with. Most people used to say he wanted soft ground but he went on anything.\" <nowiki>*</nowiki> Place finished, distance won/lost by. <nowiki>**</nowiki> A course record at the time. Selkirk (horse) Selkirk (February 19, 1988 – January 3, 2013) was an American-bred Thoroughbred race horse and sire who raced mainly in Europe. Bred in Pennsylvania and owned by American philanthropist businessman George W. Strawbridge, Jr., he was trained by Ian Balding. At the end of 1991, his third year, he had a record of 3-1-2 out of seven starts. In total, he had won six of his 15 starts. He retired from racing in 1993 and"
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"Gyula Farkas (linguist) Farkas Gyula, or Julius von Farkas de Kisbarnak ( (27 September 1894 in Kismarton/Eisenstadt, Sopron megye – 12 July 1958 in Göttingen) was a Hungarian literary historian and Finno-Ugric linguist. He was born in a Transdanubian Hungarian noble family. His father was Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak (1849–1937) Prothonotary of Sopron County, and his mother was Gizella Pottyondy de Potyond und Csáford (1864–1921). Gyula's brother was Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak, General of the Hungarian VI Army Corps during World War II. In the 1920s Gyula was a coworker of Robert Gragger (1887–1926) at the Hungarian Institute of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin. <br> During World War II he was head of the \"German-Hungarian Society\". <br> He founded the Finno-Ugric seminar at the University of Göttingen in 1947. He wrote over 19 books dealing with various aspects of Hungarian literature and language, including titles published in German and Hungarian. Gyula Farkas (linguist) Farkas Gyula, or Julius von Farkas de Kisbarnak ( (27 September 1894 in Kismarton/Eisenstadt, Sopron megye – 12 July 1958 in Göttingen) was a Hungarian literary historian and Finno-Ugric linguist. He was born in a Transdanubian Hungarian noble family. His father was Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak (1849–1937) Prothonotary"
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"Agrippina the Younger Agrippina the Younger (Latin: \"Julia Agrippina\"; 6 November AD 15 – 23 March AD 59), also referred to as Agrippina Minor (\"Minor\", which is Latin for \"\"the Younger\"\") was a Roman empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Her father was Germanicus, a popular general and one-time heir apparent to the Roman Empire under Tiberius; and her mother was Agrippina the Elder, a granddaughter of the first Roman emperor Augustus. She was also the younger sister of Caligula, as well as the niece and fourth wife of Claudius. Both ancient and modern sources describe Agrippina's personality as ruthless, ambitious, violent, and domineering. Physically she was a beautiful and reputable woman; according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning her husband Claudius, though accounts vary. In AD 59 Agrippina was executed on the orders of her son, the emperor Nero. Agrippina was the first daughter and fourth living child of Agrippina the Elder and Germanicus. She had three elder brothers, Nero Caesar, Drusus Caesar and the future Emperor Caligula, and two younger sisters, Julia Drusilla and Julia Livilla. Agrippina's two elder brothers and her mother were victims of the intrigues of the Praetorian Prefect Lucius Aelius Sejanus. She was the namesake of her mother. Agrippina the Elder was remembered as a modest and heroic matron, who was the second daughter and fourth child of Julia the Elder and the statesman Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. The father of Julia the Elder was the Emperor Augustus, and Julia was his only natural child from his second marriage to Scribonia, who had close blood relations with Pompey the Great and Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Maternally, Agrippina descended directly from Augustus. Germanicus, Agrippina's father, was a very popular general and politician. His mother was Antonia Minor and his father was the general Nero Claudius Drusus. He was Antonia Minor's first child. Germanicus had two younger siblings; a sister, named Livilla, and a brother, the future Emperor Claudius. Claudius was Agrippina's paternal uncle and third husband. Antonia Minor was a daughter to Octavia the Younger by her second marriage to triumvir Mark Antony, and Octavia was the second eldest sister and full-blooded sister of Augustus. Germanicus' father, Drusus the Elder, was the second son of the Empress Livia Drusilla by her first marriage to praetor Tiberius Nero, and was the Emperor Tiberius's younger brother and Augustus's stepson. In the year 9, Augustus ordered and forced Tiberius to adopt Germanicus, who happened to be Tiberius's nephew, as his son and heir. Germanicus was a favorite of his great-uncle Augustus, who hoped that Germanicus would succeed his uncle Tiberius, who was Augustus's own adopted son and heir. This in turn meant that Tiberius was also Agrippina's adoptive grandfather in addition to her paternal great-uncle. Agrippina was born on 6 November in AD 15, or possibly 14, at Oppidum Ubiorum, a Roman outpost on the Rhine River located in present-day Cologne, Germany. A second sister Julia Drusilla was born on 16 September 16, also in Germany. As a small child, Agrippina travelled with her parents throughout Germany (15–16) until she and her siblings (apart from Caligula) returned to Rome to live with and be raised by their maternal grandmother Antonia. Her parents departed for Syria in 18 to conduct official duties, and, according to Tacitus, the third and youngest sister was born en route on the island of Lesbos, namely Julia Livilla, probably in March 18. In October of AD 19, Germanicus died suddenly in Antioch (modern Antakya, Turkey). Germanicus' death caused much public grief in Rome, and gave rise to rumors that he had been murdered by Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso and Munatia Plancina on the orders of Tiberius, as his widow Agrippina the Elder returned to Rome with his ashes. Agrippina the Younger was thereafter supervised by her mother, her paternal grandmother Antonia Minor, and her great-grandmother, Livia, all of them notable, influential, and powerful figures from whom she learnt how to survive. She lived on the Palatine Hill in Rome. Her great-uncle Tiberius had already become emperor and the head of the family after the death of Augustus in 14. After her thirteenth birthday in 28, Tiberius arranged for Agrippina to marry her paternal first cousin once removed Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and ordered the marriage to be celebrated in Rome. Domitius came from a distinguished family of consular rank. Through his mother Antonia Major, Domitius was a great nephew of Augustus, first cousin to Claudius, and first cousin once removed to Agrippina and Caligula. He had two sisters; Domitia Lepida the Elder and Domitia Lepida the Younger. Domitia Lepida the Younger was the mother of the Empress Valeria Messalina. Antonia Major was the elder sister to Antonia Minor, and the first daughter of Octavia Minor and Mark Antony. According to Suetonius, Domitius was a wealthy man with a despicable and dishonest character, who, according to Suetonius, was \"a man who was in every aspect of his life detestable\" and served as consul in 32. Agrippina and Domitius lived between Antium (modern Anzio and Nettuno) and Rome. Not much is known about the relationship between them. Tiberius died on March 16, AD 37, and Agrippina's only surviving brother, Caligula, became the new emperor. Being the emperor's sister gave Agrippina some influence. Agrippina and her younger sisters Julia Drusilla and Julia Livilla received various honours from their brother, which included but were not limited to: Around the time that Tiberius died, Agrippina had become pregnant. Domitius had acknowledged the paternity of the child. In the early morning hours in Antium of December 15, Agrippina gave birth to a son. Agrippina and Domitius named their son Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, after the Domitius' recently deceased father. This child would grow up to become the Emperor Nero. Nero was Agrippina's only natural child. Suetonius states that Domitius was congratulated by friends on the birth of his son, whereupon he replied \"I don't think anything produced by me and Agrippina could possibly be good for the state or the people\". Caligula and his sisters were accused of having incestuous relationships. On June 10, AD 38, Drusilla died, possibly of a fever, rampant in Rome at the time. He was particularly fond of Drusilla, claiming to treat her as he would his own wife, even though Drusilla had a husband. Following her death Caligula showed no special love or respect toward the surviving sisters and was said to have gone insane. In 39, Agrippina and Livilla, with their maternal cousin, Drusilla's widower Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, were involved in a failed plot to murder Caligula, a plot known as the \"Plot of the Three Daggers\", which was to make Lepidus the new emperor. Lepidus, Agrippina and Livilla were accused of being lovers. Not much is known concerning this plot and the reasons behind it. At the trial of Lepidus, Caligula felt no compunction about denouncing them as adulteresses, producing handwritten letters discussing how they were going to kill him. Lepidus was executed. Agrippina and Livilla were exiled by their brother to the Pontine Islands. Caligula sold their furniture, jewellery, slaves and freedmen. In January of AD 40, Domitius died of edema (dropsy) at Pyrgi. Lucius had gone to live with his second paternal aunt Domitia Lepida the Younger after Caligula had taken his inheritance away from him. Caligula, his wife Milonia Caesonia and their daughter Julia Drusilla were murdered on January 24, 41. Agrippina's paternal uncle, Claudius, brother of her father Germanicus, became the new Roman Emperor. Claudius lifted the exiles of Agrippina and Livilla. Livilla returned to her husband, while Agrippina was reunited with her estranged son. After the",
"producing handwritten letters discussing how they were going to kill him. Lepidus was executed. Agrippina and Livilla were exiled by their brother to the Pontine Islands. Caligula sold their furniture, jewellery, slaves and freedmen. In January of AD 40, Domitius died of edema (dropsy) at Pyrgi. Lucius had gone to live with his second paternal aunt Domitia Lepida the Younger after Caligula had taken his inheritance away from him. Caligula, his wife Milonia Caesonia and their daughter Julia Drusilla were murdered on January 24, 41. Agrippina's paternal uncle, Claudius, brother of her father Germanicus, became the new Roman Emperor. Claudius lifted the exiles of Agrippina and Livilla. Livilla returned to her husband, while Agrippina was reunited with her estranged son. After the death of her first husband, Agrippina tried to make shameless advances to the future emperor Galba, who showed no interest in her and was devoted to his wife Aemilia Lepida. On one occasion, Galba's mother-in-law gave Agrippina a public reprimand and a slap in the face before a whole bevy of married women. Claudius had Lucius' inheritance reinstated. Lucius became more wealthy despite his youth shortly after Gaius Sallustius Crispus Passienus divorced Lucius' aunt, Domitia Lepida the Elder (Lucius' first paternal aunt) so that Crispus could marry Agrippina. They married, and Crispus became a step-father to Lucius. Crispus was a prominent, influential, witty, wealthy and powerful man, who served twice as consul. He was the adopted grandson and biological great-great-nephew of the historian Sallust. Little is known on their relationship, but Crispus soon died and left his estate to Nero. In the first years of Claudius' reign, Claudius was married to the infamous Empress Valeria Messalina. Although Agrippina was very influential, she kept a very low profile and stayed away from the imperial palace and the court of the emperor. Messalina was Agrippina's second paternal cousin. Among the victims of Messalina's intrigues were Agrippina's surviving sister Livilla, who was charged with having adultery with Seneca the Younger. Seneca was later called back from exile to be a tutor to Nero. Messalina considered Agrippina's son a threat to her son's position and sent assassins to strangle Lucius during his siesta. The assassins fled in terror when they saw a snake suddenly dart from beneath Lucius' pillow—but it was only a sloughed-off snake-skin in his bed, near his pillow. In 47, Crispus died, and at his funeral, the rumor spread around that Agrippina poisoned Crispus to gain his estate. After being widowed a second time, Agrippina was left very wealthy. Later that year at the Secular Games, at the performance of the Troy Pageant, Messalina attended the event with her son Britannicus. Agrippina was also present with Lucius. Agrippina and Lucius received greater applause from the audience than Messalina and Britannicus did. Many people began to show pity and sympathy to Agrippina, due to the unfortunate circumstances in her life. Agrippina wrote a memoir that recorded the misfortunes of her family (casus suorum) and wrote an account of her mother's life. After Messalina was executed in 48 for conspiring with Gaius Silius to overthrow her husband, Claudius considered remarrying for the fourth time. Around this time, Agrippina became the mistress to one of Claudius' advisers, the former Greek freedman, Marcus Antonius Pallas. At that time Claudius' advisers were discussing which noblewoman Claudius should marry. Claudius had a reputation that he was easily persuaded. In more recent times, it has been suggested that the Senate may have pushed for the marriage between Agrippina and Claudius to end the feud between the Julian and Claudian branches. This feud dated back to Agrippina's mother's actions against Tiberius after the death of Germanicus, actions which Tiberius had gladly punished. Claudius made references to her in his speeches: \"my daughter and foster child, born and bred, in my lap, so to speak\". When Claudius decided to marry her, he persuaded a group of senators that the marriage should be arranged in the public interest. In Roman society, an uncle (Claudius) marrying his niece (Agrippina) was considered incestuous, and obviously immoral. Agrippina and Claudius married on New Year's Day, 49. This marriage caused widespread disapproval. This was a part of Agrippina's scheming plan to make Lucius the new emperor. Her marriage to Claudius was not based on love, but on power. She quickly eliminated her rival Lollia Paulina. Shortly after marrying Claudius, Agrippina charged Paulina with black magic. Paulina did not receive a hearing. Her property was confiscated. She left Italy and, on Agrippina's orders, committed suicide. In the months leading up to her marriage to Claudius, Agrippina's maternal second cousin, the praetor Lucius Junius Silanus Torquatus, was betrothed to Claudius' daughter Claudia Octavia. This betrothal was broken off in 48, when Agrippina, scheming with the consul Lucius Vitellius the Elder, the father of the future Emperor Aulus Vitellius, falsely accused Silanus of incest with his sister Junia Calvina. Agrippina did this hoping to secure a marriage between Octavia and her son. Consequently, Claudius broke off the engagement and forced Silanus to resign from public office. Silanus committed suicide on the day that Agrippina married her uncle, and Calvina was exiled from Italy in early 49. Calvina was called back from exile after the death of Agrippina. Towards the end of 54, Agrippina would order the murder of Silanus' eldest brother Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus without Nero's knowledge, so that he would not seek revenge against her over his brother's death. On the day that Agrippina married her uncle Claudius as her third husband/his fourth wife, she became an Empress and the most powerful woman in the Roman Empire. She also was a stepmother to Claudia Antonia, Claudius' daughter and only child from his second marriage to Aelia Paetina, and to the young Claudia Octavia and Britannicus, Claudius' children with Valeria Messalina. Agrippina removed or eliminated anyone from the palace or the imperial court who she thought was loyal and dedicated to the memory of the late Messalina. She also eliminated or removed anyone who she considered was a potential threat to her position and the future of her son, one of her victims being Lucius' second paternal aunt and Messalina's mother Domitia Lepida the Younger. In 49, Agrippina was seated on a dais at a parade of captives when their leader the Celtic King Caratacus bowed before her with the same homage and gratitude as he accorded the emperor. In 50, Agrippina was granted the honorific title of Augusta. She was only the third Roman woman (Livia Drusilla and Antonia Minor received this title) and only the second living Roman woman (the first being Antonia) to receive this title. Also that year, Claudius had founded a Roman colony and called the colony \"Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensis\" or \"Agrippinensium\", today known as Cologne, after Agrippina who was born there. This colony was the only Roman colony to be named after a Roman woman. In 51, she was given a \"carpentum\" which she used. A carpentum was a sort of ceremonial carriage usually reserved for priests, such as the Vestal Virgins, and sacred statues. That same year she appointed Sextus Afranius Burrus as the head of the Praetorian Guard, replacing the previous head of the Praetorian Guard, Rufrius Crispinus. Ancient sources claim that Agrippina successfully manipulated and influenced Claudius into adopting her son and having him become his successor. Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was adopted by his great maternal uncle and stepfather in 50. Lucius' name was changed to \"Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus\" and he became Claudius's adopted son, heir and recognised successor. Agrippina and Claudius betrothed Nero to Octavia, and Agrippina arranged to have",
"woman. In 51, she was given a \"carpentum\" which she used. A carpentum was a sort of ceremonial carriage usually reserved for priests, such as the Vestal Virgins, and sacred statues. That same year she appointed Sextus Afranius Burrus as the head of the Praetorian Guard, replacing the previous head of the Praetorian Guard, Rufrius Crispinus. Ancient sources claim that Agrippina successfully manipulated and influenced Claudius into adopting her son and having him become his successor. Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was adopted by his great maternal uncle and stepfather in 50. Lucius' name was changed to \"Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus\" and he became Claudius's adopted son, heir and recognised successor. Agrippina and Claudius betrothed Nero to Octavia, and Agrippina arranged to have Seneca the Younger return from exile to tutor the future emperor. Claudius chose to adopt Nero because of his Julian and Claudian lineage. Agrippina deprived Britannicus of his heritage and further isolated him from his father and succession for the throne in every way possible. For instance, in 51, Agrippina ordered the execution of Britannicus' tutor Sosibius because he had confronted her and was outraged by Claudius' adoption of Nero and his choice of Nero as successor, instead of choosing his own son Britannicus. Nero and Octavia were married on June 9, 53. Claudius later repented of marrying Agrippina and adopting Nero, began to favor Britannicus, and started preparing him for the throne. His actions allegedly gave Agrippina a motive to eliminate Claudius. The ancient sources say she poisoned Claudius on October 13, 54 with a plate of deadly mushrooms at a banquet, thus enabling Nero to quickly take the throne as emperor. Accounts vary wildly with regard to this private incident and according to more modern sources, it is possible (but exceedingly convenient) that Claudius died of natural causes; Claudius was 63 years old. Agrippina was named a priestess of the cult of the deified Claudius. She was allowed to visit senate meetings, watching and hearing the meetings from behind a curtain. In the first months of Nero's reign Agrippina controlled her son and the Empire. She lost control over Nero when he began to have an affair with the freed woman Claudia Acte, which Agrippina strongly disapproved of and violently scolded him for. Agrippina began to support Britannicus in her attempt to make him emperor. Britannicus was secretly poisoned on Nero's orders during his own banquet in February 55. The power struggle between Agrippina and her son had begun. Agrippina between 55 and 58 became very watchful and had a critical eye over her son. In 55, Agrippina was forced out of the palace by her son to live in imperial residence. Nero deprived his mother of all honors and powers, and even removed her Roman and German bodyguards. Nero even threatened his mother he would abdicate the throne and would go to live on the Greek Island of Rhodes, a place where Tiberius had lived after divorcing Julia the Elder. Pallas also was dismissed from the court. The fall of Pallas and the opposition of Burrus and Seneca, contributed to Agrippina's loss of authority. Towards 57, Agrippina was expelled from the palace and went to live in a riverside estate in Misenum. While Agrippina lived there or when she went on short visits to Rome, Nero sent people to annoy her. Although living in Misenum, she was still very popular, powerful and influential. Agrippina and Nero would see each other on short visits. The circumstances that surround Agrippina's death are uncertain due to historical contradictions and anti-Nero bias. All surviving stories of Agrippina's death contradict themselves and each other, and are generally fantastical. According to Tacitus, in 58, Nero became involved with the noble woman Poppaea Sabina. With the reasoning that a divorce from Octavia and a marriage to Poppaea was not politically feasible with Agrippina alive, Nero decided to kill Agrippina. Yet, Nero did not marry Poppaea until 62, calling into question this motive. Additionally, Suetonius reveals that Poppaea's husband, Otho, was not sent away by Nero until after Agrippina's death in 59, making it highly unlikely that already married Poppaea would be pressing Nero. Some modern historians theorize that Nero's decision to kill Agrippina was prompted by her plotting to set Gaius Rubellius Plautus (Nero's maternal second cousin) or Britannicus (Claudius' biological son) on the throne. Tacitus claims that Nero considered poisoning or stabbing her, but felt these methods were too difficult and suspicious, so he settled on – after the advice of his former tutor Anicetus – building a self-sinking boat. Though aware of the plot, Agrippina embarked on this boat and was nearly crushed by a collapsing lead ceiling only to be saved by the side of a sofa breaking the ceiling's fall. Though the collapsing ceiling missed Agrippina, it crushed her attendant who was outside by the helm. The boat failed to sink from the lead ceiling, so the crew then sank the boat, but Agrippina swam to shore. Her friend, Acerronia Polla, was attacked by oarsmen while still in the water, and was either bludgeoned to death or drowned, since she was exclaiming that she was Agrippina, with the intention of being saved. She did not know, however, that this was an assassination attempt, not a mere accident. Agrippina was met at the shore by crowds of admirers. News of Agrippina's survival reached Nero so he sent three assassins to kill her. Suetonius says that Agrippina's 'over-watchful' and 'over-critical' eye she kept over Nero drove him to murdering her. After months of attempting to humiliate her by depriving her of her power, honour and her bodyguard. He also expelled her from the Palantine followed by the people he sent to 'pester' her with lawsuits give her 'jeers and catcalls'. When he eventually turned to murder, he first tried poison, three times in fact. She prevented her death by taking the antidote in advance. Afterwards, he rigged up a machine in her room which would drop her ceiling tiles onto her as she slept, however, she once again escaped her death after she received word of the plan. Nero's, final plan was to get her in a boat which would collapse and sink. He sent her a friendly letter asking to reconcile and inviting her to celebrate the Quinquatrus at Baiae with him. He arranged an \"accidental\" collision between her galley and one of his captains. When returning home, he offered her his collapsible boat, as opposed to her damaged galley. The next day, Nero received word of her survival after the boat sank from her freedman Agermus. Panicking, Nero ordered a guard to 'surreptitiously' drop a blade behind Agermus and Nero immediately had him arrested on account of attempted murder. Nero ordered the assassination of Agrippina. He made it look as if Agrippina had committed suicide after her plot to kill Nero had been uncovered. After Agrippina's death, Suetonius says that Nero examined Agrippina's corpse and discussed her good and bad points. It is said that Nero believed Agrippina to haunt him after her death. The tale of Cassius Dio is also somewhat different. It starts again with Poppaea as the motive behind the murder. Nero designed a ship that would open at the bottom while at sea. Agrippina was put aboard and after the bottom of the ship opened up, she fell into the water. Agrippina swam to shore so Nero sent an assassin to kill her. Nero then claimed Agrippina plotted to kill him and committed suicide. Her reputed last words, uttered as the assassin was about to strike, were \"Smite my womb\", the implication here being she wished to be destroyed first in that part of her body that had given birth to so \"abominable a son.\" After Agrippina's death, Nero viewed her corpse and commented how beautiful she was, according to some. Her body was cremated that night on a dining couch. At his mother's funeral, Nero was witless, speechless",
"different. It starts again with Poppaea as the motive behind the murder. Nero designed a ship that would open at the bottom while at sea. Agrippina was put aboard and after the bottom of the ship opened up, she fell into the water. Agrippina swam to shore so Nero sent an assassin to kill her. Nero then claimed Agrippina plotted to kill him and committed suicide. Her reputed last words, uttered as the assassin was about to strike, were \"Smite my womb\", the implication here being she wished to be destroyed first in that part of her body that had given birth to so \"abominable a son.\" After Agrippina's death, Nero viewed her corpse and commented how beautiful she was, according to some. Her body was cremated that night on a dining couch. At his mother's funeral, Nero was witless, speechless and rather scared. When the news spread that Agrippina had died, the Roman army, senate and various people sent him letters of congratulations that he had been saved from his mother's plots. During the remainder of Nero's reign, Agrippina's grave was not covered or enclosed. Her household later on gave her a modest tomb in Misenum. Nero would have his mother's death on his conscience. He felt so guilty he would sometimes have nightmares about his mother. He even saw his mother's ghost and got Persian magicians to scare her away. Years before she died, Agrippina had visited astrologers to ask about her son's future. The astrologers had rather accurately predicted that her son would become emperor and would kill her. She replied, \"Let him kill me, provided he becomes emperor,\" according to Tacitus. Agrippina the Younger Agrippina the Younger (Latin: \"Julia Agrippina\"; 6 November AD 15 – 23 March AD 59), also referred to as Agrippina Minor (\"Minor\", which is"
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"Naakulabye Naakulabye, also Nakulabye, is a neighborhood within the city of Kampala, the capital and largest city in Uganda. Naakulabye is located in Lubaga Division, in northwestern Kampala. It is bordered by Makerere Kikoni to the north, Makerere University Main Campus to the northeast and east, Old Kampala to the southeast, Namirembe Hill to the south, Lusaze to the west and Kasubi to the northwest. This location is approximately , by road, north of Kampala's central business district. The coordinates of Naakulabye are:0°19'30.0\"N, 32°33'36.0\"E (Latitude:0.3250; Longitude:32.5600). Naakulabye is a working-class neighborhood, centered on the confluence of the Kampala–Hoima Road Southbound, Kampala–Hoima Road Northbound, Makerere Hill Road and Balintuma Road. There is a busy farmers market, numerous shops, bars and restaurants. Near the main roads, there are decent buildings. including several high-rise student hostels. As one ventures deeper into the neighborhood, the environment degrades into one of Kampala's biggest slums. Crime is high in the area, consistent with similarly congested, low-income areas of Kampala. The following points of interest lie within or near Naakulabye: Naakulabye Naakulabye, also Nakulabye, is a neighborhood within the city of Kampala, the capital and largest city in Uganda. Naakulabye is located in Lubaga Division, in northwestern"
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"Émile Cohl Émile Cohl (; January 4, 1857 – January 20, 1938), born Émile Eugène Jean Louis Courtet, was a French caricaturist of the largely forgotten Incoherent Movement, cartoonist, and animator, called \"The Father of the Animated Cartoon\" and \"The Oldest Parisian\". Émile's father Elie was a rubber salesman, and his mother, Emilie Laure, was a linen seamstress. The rubber factory Elie worked for had many ups and downs, causing the family to move from one home in Paris to another. Émile saw little of his father during his childhood, and lived with his ailing mother until her death in 1863. In 1864, at the age of 7, he was enrolled at the Ecole professionnelle de Pantin, a boarding school known as the Institute Vaudron after its founder. There his artistic talents were discovered and encouraged. The next year, a cold kept him in his father's apartment, where he began stamp collecting, a hobby that would become his sole source of income several times in his life. The chaos caused by the Franco-Prussian War and the following siege of Paris led to the closing of Elie Courtet's factory. Émile was transferred to the less-exclusive Ecole Turgot, but his lessons were soon forgotten as the teenager wandered the streets of Paris to watch history being made. He made two discoveries that in time that became the controlling elements of his life: \"Guignol\" puppet theater and political caricature. \"Guignol\" was a form of drama (usually involving love triangles) where the characters were played by marionettes. A subtype of the \"Guignol\" was \"Fantoche\", a form of puppetry where the puppeteer's head was stuck through a hole in a black sheet with a small puppet body underneath. Political caricature had begun in France during the Second Empire, but had been suppressed by Napoleon III. During the free-for-all weeks of the Commune (all eleven of them), the caricaturists were free to post broadsheets on the streets for all to see. The center of this activity was the Rue du Croissant, only blocks from the Ecole Turgot. In 1872, Elie Courtet placed his 15-year-old son in a three-year apprenticeship with a jeweler. Émile drew caricatures, enlisted in the Cherbourg regiment, and drew some more. Elie placed him with a maritime insurance broker. Émile left the broker, got a much poorer-paying job with a philatelist and declared his preference for drawing, the Bohemian lifestyle, and if necessary, going hungry. In 1878, Émile obtained a letter of recommendation from Étienne Carjat to approach André Gill, the best-known caricaturist of the day, for a job. Gill had made his fame a decade earlier by publishing \"La Lune\", a periodical critical of Napoleon III. His presses were smashed and he was incarcerated. He started \"La Lune Rousse\" in 1876 to continue his work. By this time, he had moved beyond attacking individuals to making observations on the ludicrousness of conformist bourgeois values in general. However, the government was becoming increasingly liberal, leaving him with few big-name targets. As a result, \"La Lune Rousse\" closed in 1879. Émile Courtet's job as one of several assistants to Gill was to complete the backgrounds; he may have done a few of the illustrations by himself. During this process, the young man developed a style of caricature based on Gill's. Gill's trademark was the large, recognizable head of the target (with a fairly benign expression) atop a small puppet body (doing something ridiculous). Clearly, it was based on \"Fantoche\" puppetry. Émile took this style and added touches to suggest movement and imagery from the rest of \"Guignol\" puppetry. At about this time he adopted the pseudonym of \"Émile Cohl\". The meaning of \"Cohl\" is obscure: it may be from the pigment known as \"kohl\", or perhaps it means that Émile stuck to his mentor Gill like glue (\"\"colle\"\" in French). Perhaps it was chosen because it sounded exotic. The visual signature of a paste-pot appears in a few of Cohl's caricatures. Adolphe Thiers was succeeded as president by Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, a conservative monarchist who had been at Sedan. He became steadily less popular under the assault of caricatures. One of these, \"Aveugle par Ac-Sedan\", a French pun on \"accidentally blind\" and \"Bungler at Sedan\", put its creator, Émile Cohl, in jail on October 11, 1879, making him instantly famous. Three months later, MacMahon resigned in disgrace—the caricaturists liked to believe that they were responsible. He was succeeded by Jules Grévy, who transferred real power from the post of president to the prime minister and legislature. This led to a period of internal stability and prosperity for France. Through Gill, Cohl had become acquainted with an artistic circle calling themselves the Hydropathes. The group was united by various \"modern\" ideas and a love of poetry. The group, like many others of the time, based most of their activities on shocking people. As a result of his new-found fame, Cohl was named editor of the group's spokes-piece, \"L'Hydropathe\", on October 28, 1879. At about this time Émile's estranged father died, leaving him a modest legacy. Émile Cohl set out to discover his abilities, writing and producing two satiric plays that did very poorly. The co-author of both plays was Norés (pseudonym of Edouard Norés), an American who had been an architect before giving up his former life for Bohemianism on the banks of the Seine. Besides a strong friendship, Norés taught Cohl English, a useful skill later on. Émile Cohl married on November 12, 1881; his wife later left him for an author. At the same time, André Gill was committed to the Charenton mental asylum. He managed to recover in a few months and in 1882 submitted his first serious painting, \"Le Fou\" (The Madman) to the Salon. The painting's poor reception by the artists of the Salon sent him back to Charenton. Meanwhile, the Hydropathes had disbanded in 1882. Their place in Cohl's life was replaced by the Incoherents. The group was founded by Jules Lévy, who coined the phrase \"les arts incohérents\" as a contrast to the common expression \"les arts décoratifs\". The Incoherents were even less politically minded than the Hydropathes. Their slogan was \"Gaity is properly French, so let's be French\". The focus was absurdism, nightmares, and the drawing style of children. Cohl's Incoherent art joined his caricatures and satiric news reporting at \"La Nouvelle Lune\", where he had become the major contributor and acting editor. He became editor in chief on November 30, 1883. By November 1883, the Incoherents had become so big that an exhibit was arranged at the Vivienne Gallery, open to the public. It was called \"an exhibition of drawings by people who do not know how to draw.\" Émile Cohl's contribution was titled \"Portrait garanti ressemblant\" (Portrait—Resemblance Guaranteed). The exhibit accepted any and all entries, so long as they were not obscene or serious. The public was taken with the show, and the profits were donated to public assistance. There was a second show in 1884, and the 1885 show was replaced by a masked ball (Cohl went as an artichoke). In 1886, Cohl produced his most bizarre and characteristic work in the Incoherent vein: \"Abus des metaphors\", a collection of more than a dozen colorful expressions brought to life. Cohl's personal life was nowhere as rosy as his professional life would suggest, despite the birth of his daughter Marcelle Andrée in May 1883. André Gill never recovered his sanity, and after a few months Charenton seized his property and drawings, auctioning them off to pay their bills. Cohl was unable to keep his hero in the public eye. André Gill died on May Day, 1885, with only Cohl by his side. Cohl never forgot Gill's desertion by his friends and the public. The Incoherent movement collapsed in 1888. After the collapse of his marriage, Cohl moved to London to work for \"Pick Me Up\", a humor magazine that specialized in French artists (he left his long-standing second job as a philatelist at",
"\"Abus des metaphors\", a collection of more than a dozen colorful expressions brought to life. Cohl's personal life was nowhere as rosy as his professional life would suggest, despite the birth of his daughter Marcelle Andrée in May 1883. André Gill never recovered his sanity, and after a few months Charenton seized his property and drawings, auctioning them off to pay their bills. Cohl was unable to keep his hero in the public eye. André Gill died on May Day, 1885, with only Cohl by his side. Cohl never forgot Gill's desertion by his friends and the public. The Incoherent movement collapsed in 1888. After the collapse of his marriage, Cohl moved to London to work for \"Pick Me Up\", a humor magazine that specialized in French artists (he left his long-standing second job as a philatelist at this time). He returned to Paris in June 1896 and married Suzanne Delpy, the daughter of one of André Gill's followers. Their son André Jean was born on November 8, 1899. By this time, Cohl had moved away from caricature, sending humorous drawings to bicycle magazines, family magazines, and children's magazines. He also wrote articles on French history, stamps, and fishing. In July 1898 he started contributing to \"L'Illustré National\". This would be the origin of Cohl's comic strips. At the same time, Cohl's art moved from scene-setting to story-telling, and from the Gill \"fantoche\" style to Impressionism. Other interests during this period included puzzles, toys (he invented a few new ones), and drawings of figures made from wax matches. In the political arena, he submitted anti-Dreyfus illustrations to \"La Libre Parole Illustrée\". By 1907, the 50-year-old Émile Cohl, like everyone else in Paris, had become aware of motion pictures. How he actually entered the business is shrouded in legend. According to Jean-Georges Auriol in a book of 1930, one day Cohl was walking down the street when he spotted a poster advertising a movie obviously stolen from one of his strips. Outraged, he confronted the manager of the offending studio (Gaumont) and was hired on the spot as a scenarist (responsible for one-page story ideas for movies). The story is rather doubtful in the detail of which strip and which short film; it is also possible that the story is completely false, and that Cohl was approached for the job, either by director Etienne Arnaud or by artistic director Louis Feuillade, both of whom had once worked for caricature papers and therefore could be expected to know Cohl by reputation if not personally. At Gaumont, Cohl collaborated with the other directors whenever possible, learning cinematography from Arnaud and directing chases, comedies, \"féeries\" (\"fairy pieces\"), and pageants. But his specialty was animation. He worked in a corner of the studio with a vertically mounted Gaumont camera and a single assistant to operate it. He turned out four sequences a month for insertion in mostly live action films. Studio director Léon Gaumont, in one of his visits, dubbed him \"the Benedictine\". The idea for doing animation was born from the huge success of the film \"The Haunted Hotel\", released by Vitagraph and directed by J. Stuart Blackton. It premiered in Paris in April 1907 and immediately there was a demand for more films using its incredible object animation techniques. According to a story told by Arnaud in 1922, Gaumont had ordered his staff to figure out the \"mystery of 'The Haunted Hotel'.\" Cohl studied the film frame by frame, and in this way discovered the techniques of animation. It should be noted that Cohl, who was always seeking to enlarge his reputation in later life, never corroborated this story. Also, there were a fair number of films released before 1907 with stop-motion and/or drawn animation in them, by Blackton and others, any one of which could have taught Cohl animation, if he didn't just work the technique out on his own. The main reason \"The Haunted Hotel\" is significant is the fact that it was popular enough to make the arduous work of animation profitable. Cohl made \"Fantasmagorie\" from February to May or June 1908. This is considered the first fully animated film. It was made up of 700 drawings, each of which was double-exposed (animated \"on twos\"), leading to a running time of almost two minutes. Despite the short running time, the piece was packed with material devised in a \"stream of consciousness\" style. It borrowed from Blackton in using a \"chalk-line effect\" (filming black lines on white paper, then reversing the negative to make it look like white chalk on a black chalkboard), having the main character drawn by the artist's hand on camera, and the main characters of a clown and a gentleman (this taken from Blackton's \"Humorous Phases of Funny Faces\"). The film, in all of its wild transformations, is a direct tribute to the by-then forgotten Incoherent movement. The title is a reference to the \"fantasmograph\", a mid-Nineteenth Century variant of the magic lantern that projected ghostly images that floated across the walls. \"Fantasmagorie\" was released on August 17, 1908. This was followed by two more films, \"Le Cauchemar du fantoche\" [\"The Puppet's Nightmare\"] and \"Un Drame chez les fantoches\" [\"A Puppet Drama\", called \"The Love Affair in Toyland\" for American release and \"Mystical Love-Making\" for British release], all completed in 1908. These three films are united by their chalk-line style, the stick-figure clown protagonists, and the constant transformations. Cohl made the plots of these films up as he was filming them. He would put a drawing on the lightbox, photograph it, trace onto next sheet with slight changes, photograph that, and so on. This meant that the pictures did not jitter and the plot was spontaneous. Cohl had to calculate the timing in advance. The process was demanding and time-consuming, which is probably why he moved away from drawn animation after \"Un Drame chez les fantoches\". The rest of the films Cohl made for Gaumont involve strange transformations (\"Les Joyeux Microbes\" [\"The Joyous Microbes\", aka \"The Merry Microbes\" (UK)] (1909)), some great matte effects (\"Clair de lune espagno\" [\"Spanish Moonlight\", aka \"The Man in the Moon\" (US), aka \"The Moon-Struck Matador\" (UK)] (1909)), and loving puppet animation (\"Le Tout Petit Faust\" [\"The Little Faust\", aka \"The Beautiful Margaret\" (US)] (1910)). Other films used jointed cut-outs or animated matches (the later an especial favorite of Cohl). In his lifetime, Cohl's most famous film was \"Le Peintre néo-impressionniste\" [\"The Neo-Impressionistic Painter\"], made in 1910. An artist is sketching a classically draped model holding a broom as a stick-figure when a collector storms in demanding to know the progress of his work. The artist shows the collector a series of blank colored canvases (the film is color-tinted). As he gives their ridiculous titles, the collector imagines them being drawn on the canvas. For example, the red canvas is \"A cardinal eating lobster with tomatoes by the banks of the Red Sea\". The collector is soon so delirious that he buys every blank canvas he can see. Quite obviously, the artist is not a neo-Impressionist (the name taken from the latest vogue in Paris)--he's an Incoherent. The Cohl animated films had a large impact through their American distribution by Kleine. Many of them received rave reviews in the trade magazines, although Cohl was only identified as \"Gaumont's animator\". It was probably in response to \"Fantasmagorie\" that Winsor McCay made \"Little Nemo\" (1911). Motifs of Cohl's can be found in \"Little Nemo\" and later films by McCay: the dots coalescing into Little Nemo reflect effects in \"Un Drame Chez les Fantoches\" and \"Les Joyeux Microbes\"; the metamorphosis of the rose into the Princess may have been inspired by \"Fantasmagorie\"; the titular character of \"The Story of a Mosquito\" (1912) sharpening his beak comes from \"Un Drame Chez les Fantoches\"; the live-action/animation interaction of McCay throwing a pumpkin to \"Gertie",
"an Incoherent. The Cohl animated films had a large impact through their American distribution by Kleine. Many of them received rave reviews in the trade magazines, although Cohl was only identified as \"Gaumont's animator\". It was probably in response to \"Fantasmagorie\" that Winsor McCay made \"Little Nemo\" (1911). Motifs of Cohl's can be found in \"Little Nemo\" and later films by McCay: the dots coalescing into Little Nemo reflect effects in \"Un Drame Chez les Fantoches\" and \"Les Joyeux Microbes\"; the metamorphosis of the rose into the Princess may have been inspired by \"Fantasmagorie\"; the titular character of \"The Story of a Mosquito\" (1912) sharpening his beak comes from \"Un Drame Chez les Fantoches\"; the live-action/animation interaction of McCay throwing a pumpkin to \"Gertie the Dinosaur\" (1914) may have been an answer to the matador hurling his hatchet at the moon in \"Clair de lune espagnol\". But if there were borrowings of Cohl by McCay, there was also a wealth of style and spirit in McCay's films that were uniquely his own. On November 30, 1910, Cohl left Gaumont for Pathé, probably for more money. He made only two animated films before being forced into exclusively live-action work as a director of burlesques starring Jobard (Lucien Cazalis), one of the first generation of great screen comics. Cohl made ten Jobard films between March and May 1911 before leaving for a vacation. Apparently, one of these films was the origin of pixilation, the technique of applying stop-motion to human beings. One of those two animated films was \"Le Ratapeur de cervelles\" [\"Brains Repaired\"], which is a re-hash of \"Les Joyeux Microbes\" using a mental disease. The transformations here are some of the most remarkable (and non-sensical) of Cohl's career: as two men shake hands in profile, their heads expand into huge crossed bird beaks, filling the screen in a zoom until only their shared eye is seen, which itself expands into a bellows. The other film, \"La Revanche des esprits\" [The Spirit's Revenge] (now lost) may have been the first film to combine live-action and animation by drawing directly on the live-action film (previous work had used mattes exclusively). In September 1911, Émile Cohl learned that his daughter Andrée had died of a miscarriage. Dissatisfied with Pathé and too proud to return to Gaumont, Cohl signed with Eclipse in September. Only two of Cohl's Eclipse films have survived; one of them, \"Les Exploits de Feu Follet\" (a.k.a. \"The Nipper's Transformations\"), is currently seen as the first Western animation film which was shown for certain in a Japanese cinema (on 15 April 1912). The Eclipse contract was not exclusive, so Cohl made films for other studios. One of these films, \"Campbell Soups\", was his first film made for Éclair, the Number Three studio in France. After the turn of the century many early film studios in America's first motion picture industry were based in Fort Lee, New Jersey. Éclair's American studio was run by Cohl's friend Arnaud. As Éclair was moving into comedies for American audiences, it was not too hard for Arnaud to have his friend sent over the Atlantic to join him. Émile, his wife Suzanne, and their son André sailed first class from Le Havre to New York City. At Ellis Island, he was required, for \"sanitary reasons\", to shave off the mustache he had worn for thirty years in honor of André Gill. Despite the inevitable xenophobia from the locals, the French colony at Fort Lee was enthusiastic about finally invading the coveted American market. Cohl bought a house and settled into a typical middle-class American lifestyle. He had a considerable advantage over fellow-Éclair employees, as he was fluent in English. Cohl had two basic assignments at Fort Lee: humorous newsreel inserts and \"The Newlyweds\" animated series. The newsreel (one of the first of its kind) was started by the Sales Company in March 1912 and continued by Universal (Éclair's distributor). \"The Newlyweds\" started life as a newspaper comic strip by George McManus in the New York \"World\". The three main characters are a fashionable woman drawn in the style of the \"Gibson Girl\", her obliging husband, and Baby Snookums, an absolute hellion of a child who nevertheless gets everything he wants (usually at the expense of the father). The series was popular both in the United States and in France (under the name \"Le Petit Ange\"). Cohl wanted to make the first animated series, and he liked \"The Newlyweds\". As for McManus, he may have been convinced to sign with Cohl at the urging of his friend Winsor McCay. Prior to this point, there had been a few adaptations of comic series into films, but they were all live action. Examples include \"Happy Hooligan\" (starring J. Stuart Blackton as the title character), \"Buster Brown\", and \"Mutt and Jeff\" (later to become a successful animated series). Cohl began work on \"The Newlyweds\" series in November 1912, and the ads started appearing in February 1913. These ads are the oldest on record to use the phrase \"animated cartoons\"; as would be usual for all of the following comic adaptations, only the comic artist is mentioned in the advertising, never the animator. Cohl achieved his speed (thirteen \"Newlyweds\" cartoons in thirteen months) by using the bare minimum of actual animation, the scenes consisting of static tableau with dialog balloons appearing above each character's head (done faithfully in the McManus style). What little motion necessary was done with hinged cut-out figures animated by stop-motion. The only ingenuity in these films lay in the transitions between tableaux, which utilized Cohl's trademark transformations. Nevertheless, Cohl had proved that commercial animation was possible. The series was an instant hit. Only one film in this series has survived, \"He Poses for His Portrait\" [aka \"Le Portrait de Zozor\" (Fr.)] (1913). The success of the series led to an explosion of animation, all adaptations of comic strips, and few of them remembered today. Meanwhile, Cohl saw both \"The Story of a Mosquito\" and \"Gertie the Dinosaur\" live at the Hammerstein Theater in New York, and he recorded his admiration of each in his diary. For animation to be practical, it had to move beyond the techniques of Cohl (cut-outs) and McCay (tracing), both of which were arduous, single-person processes. Two men were to independently work out ways around this problem: Raoul Barré and John Randolph Bray. Barré studied art in Paris in the 1890s and was known for his pro-Dreyfus cartoons. In 1920, Cohl told the story of two unnamed visitors that Éclair had forced on him to study his techniques, techniques that they later stole to make their own series. It is possible that these two were Barré and his business partner William C. Nolan. It is possible that Cohl's obvious hostility to his visitors was the result of the knowledge that they were on opposite sides in the Dreyfus Affair. On the other hand, Barré's method for making cartoons quickly, the \"slash system\", is the exact opposite of Cohl's cut-out system. It is true that Barré's series, \"The Animated Grouch Chasers\", frequently stole characters and scenarios from Cohl, but then again everyone was doing that. John Randolph Bray, in collaboration with Earl Hurd, developed the patents that nearly made them the Motion Picture Patents Company of animated film. Animation historian Michael Barrier speculates that one of Cohl's unnamed visitors may have been Bray instead of Barré. On March 11, 1914, the Cohl family left New Jersey for Paris in response to a death in Suzanne's family. They never returned. Eight days later, a fire destroyed most of Éclair's American films, including all but two of Cohl's films (\"He Poses for His Portrait\" and \"Bewitched Matches\" [aka \"Les Allumettes ensorcelées\" (Fr.)]). The latter is the only one of the animated matches films Cohl made to survive. The American studio later moved to Tucson, Arizona. The chaos caused by the fire brought Éclair's work in France to",
"that. John Randolph Bray, in collaboration with Earl Hurd, developed the patents that nearly made them the Motion Picture Patents Company of animated film. Animation historian Michael Barrier speculates that one of Cohl's unnamed visitors may have been Bray instead of Barré. On March 11, 1914, the Cohl family left New Jersey for Paris in response to a death in Suzanne's family. They never returned. Eight days later, a fire destroyed most of Éclair's American films, including all but two of Cohl's films (\"He Poses for His Portrait\" and \"Bewitched Matches\" [aka \"Les Allumettes ensorcelées\" (Fr.)]). The latter is the only one of the animated matches films Cohl made to survive. The American studio later moved to Tucson, Arizona. The chaos caused by the fire brought Éclair's work in France to a near-standstill. Cohl made a handful of films for Éclair in France, but the outbreak of World War I on August 3, 1914 forced those films to be held back for years before being released. By August 11, 80% of the French film industry had enlisted or had been drafted. Cohl (at 57 years of age) was too old to fight, but he volunteered as best he could while working at Éclair. His heart was no longer in his work, for his beloved wife Suzanne was slowly dying. In 1916, American cartoons took France by storm. Gaumont imported \"The Animated Grouch Chasers\" and for the first time since the early films of Blackton, animated films were being advertised with the name and face of their animator, Raoul Barré. If Barré is the individual who \"stole\" Cohl's techniques, this must have made him furious (it didn't help that it was his former employer that was doing all the hoopla). It was at this moment that Cohl was approached by Benjamin Rabier, a popular illustrator of children's books. Rabier wanted Cohl to animate his characters. The producer for the series was René Navarre, a former actor who had become famous playing the anti-hero Fantomas in a series of films in 1913 and 1914. The distributor was Agence Générale Cinematographique (AGC). The trio parted company over Cohl's resentment that he was not being credited in the advertising. The series, \"Les Dessins animés de Benjamin Rabier\" (\"The Animated Drawings of Benjamin Rabier\") starred Flambeau the War Dog. The only surviving film, \"Les Fiançailles de Flambeau\" [\"Flambeau's Wedding\"] (released 1917) has cute naturalistic characters from Rabier and coarse morbid humor from Cohl. By the time of Cohl's departure, Rabier had learned enough animation to carry on with the help of two assistants. The series lasted for several years. Cohl continued work with Éclair throughout this debacle, mostly making newsreel inserts. Based on the few fragments that remain, the series \"Les Aventures des Pieds Nickelés\" [\"Adventures of the Leadfoot Gang\"] may have been the best work of Cohl's career. It was based on a working class comic strip by Louis Forton, about a gang of anarchistic youngsters constantly getting into trouble with both the criminal underground and the law. The series was terminated by the war, as the Éclair-Journal studios were occupied to make American war propaganda. Cohl spent the rest of the war serving his country. He joined the United States Air Service Supply as a volunteer on May 11, 1918. His son André had joined the American Transportation Division the previous November. With the war over, Cohl quit Éclair in May 1920 and made his last significant film, \"Fantoche cherche un logement\" [\"Puppet Looks for an Apartment\"]. It was released as \"La Maison du fantoche\" [\"Puppet's Mansion\"] in April 1921 by AGC. The only notice paid to it in the trade journals was a one-line plot summary. Nobody cared about Cohl's work anymore, or any other French filmmaker, for that matter. Cohl's career was finished, since there was no longer any way to justify the cost of an animated short subject in a world of live-action features. Cohl's financial situation deteriorated during the Great Depression and he endured years of severe poverty. While his peer, George Méliès was awarded the Legion of Honor medal in 1931, scant attention was given Cohl's pioneering work in animated film. In the spring of 1937, at the age of 80, his face was lightly burned when a candle on his desk set fire to his beard. During a couple of months stay at a charity hospital, the young film journalist René Jeanne helped organize a benefit screening of his work, which played at the Champs-Elysées Cinema on January 19, 1938, the day before Cohl's death, two weeks after his 81st birthday. Coincidentally, Georges Méliès died hours later. Cohl's ashes are kept in the columbarium of the Père-Lachaise Cemetery, in Paris. Émile Cohl Émile Cohl (; January 4, 1857 – January 20, 1938), born Émile Eugène Jean Louis Courtet, was a French caricaturist of the largely forgotten Incoherent Movement, cartoonist, and animator, called \"The Father of the Animated Cartoon\" and \"The Oldest Parisian\". Émile's father Elie was a rubber salesman, and his mother,"
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"Lectionary 253 Lectionary 253, designated by siglum ℓ \"253\" (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1020. Scrivener labelled it as 196. The codex contains lessons from the Gospels lectionary (\"Evangelistarium\"), with numerous lacunae, on 169 parchment leaves (). It contains 174 lessons from the Gospel of John. The text is written in Greek large minuscule letters, in two columns per page, 19-21 lines per page. It has breathings; error of itacism. The lessons of the codex were red from Easter to Pentecost. In John 14:14 the entire verse is omitted along with the manuscripts: X \"f\" 565 1009 1365 ℓ \"76\" Codex Veronensis vg Syriac Sinaiticus syr arm geo Diatessaron. According to the colophon it was written in Salerno, in 1020. The name of the scribe was Michael. The manuscript was examined and described by Peter P. Dubrovsky and Eduard de Muralt. The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (number 196) and Gregory (number 253). The manuscript is sporadically cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3). Currently the codex is housed at the Russian National Library (Gr. 71) in Saint Petersburg. Lectionary 253 Lectionary 253, designated by siglum ℓ \"253\" (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1020. Scrivener labelled it as 196. The codex contains lessons from the Gospels lectionary (\"Evangelistarium\"), with numerous lacunae, on 169 parchment leaves (). It contains 174 lessons from the Gospel of John. The text is written in Greek large minuscule letters, in two columns per page, 19-21 lines per page. It has breathings; error of itacism. The lessons of the"
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"Aaron II A Khazar ruler during the early 10th century CE, Aaron ben Benjamin was the son of the Khazar king Benjamin. Whether Aaron, like the rest of the Bulanids, was a Khagan or a Bek is an unresolved issue. According to the anonymous author of the Schechter Letter, during Aaron's reign a war was launched against Khazaria by a Eastern Roman-inspired coalition led by the Alans, who had been allies of Aaron's father Benjamin. Aaron defeated his enemies with the help of Oghuz mercenaries and captured the king of the Alans alive. Rather than execute his captive, he demanded an oath of fealty and spared his life. The Alan king's daughter married Aaron's son Joseph. In \"Khazarian Hebrew Documents of the Tenth Century\", Omeljan Pritsak dated this war to the early reign of Romanos I (i.e., the early 920s CE). Aaron II A Khazar ruler during the early 10th century CE, Aaron ben Benjamin was the son of the Khazar king Benjamin. Whether Aaron, like the rest of the Bulanids, was a Khagan or a Bek is an unresolved issue. According to the anonymous author of the Schechter Letter, during Aaron's reign a war was launched against Khazaria by"
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"Juliette Drouet Juliette Drouet, born Julienne Josephine Gauvain (10 April 1806 – 11 May 1883), was a French actress. She abandoned her career on the stage after becoming the mistress of Victor Hugo, to whom she acted as a secretary and travelling companion. Juliette accompanied Hugo in his exile to the Channel Islands, and wrote thousands of letters to him throughout her life. She was born Julienne Josephine Gauvain on 10 April 1806 in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine, the daughter of Julien Gauvain, a tailor, and Marie Marchandet, who was employed as a housemaid. She had two older sisters, Renee and Thérèse, and a brother Armand. Orphaned from her mother a few months after her birth, and her father the following year, Gauvain was raised by her uncle, René Drouet. She was educated in Paris at a religious boarding school and considered a precocious child, having learned to read and write at the age of five. At the age of ten, Gauvain was already proficient in literature and poetry. Around 1825, she became the mistress of sculptor James Pradier, who represented her in a statue symbolizing Strasbourg, at the Place de la Concorde in Paris. They had a daughter together, Claire. On the advice of Pradier, she started an acting career in 1829, initially in Brussels, then in Paris. It was about that time Gauvain began using her uncle's surname, Drouet. Described by those who knew her as independent, impulsive and hot-tempered; she was also regarded by Parisian society as a typical courtesan who dressed splendidly, spent money wildly, and was extremely beautiful. Drouet had limpid, bright eyes; a fine, chiseled nose; a small, crimson mouth; set in an oval face, framed by a mass of blue-black hair. In 1833, while playing the role of Princess Négroni in \"Lucrezia Borgia (play)\" (see: Lucrezia Borgia), she met Victor Hugo. She abandoned her theatrical career afterwards to dedicate her life to her lover. Her last stage role was of Lady Jane Grey in Hugo's \"Marie Tudor\". She became Hugo's secretary and travelling companion. For many years she lived a cloistered life, leaving home only in his company. In 1852, she accompanied him in his exile on Jersey, and then in 1855 on Guernsey. She wrote thousands of letters to him throughout her life, which testify to her writing talent according to Henri Troyat who wrote her biography in 1997. Each year, from 16 February 1833 to 1883, they celebrated the anniversary of the first night they had spent together. Victor Hugo even slipped this personal anecdote into the plot of \"Les Misérables\": Marius and Cosette’s wedding night takes place on the same date. Juliette Drouet died in Paris on 11 May 1883 at the age of 77. Hugo’s family dissuaded him from attending Juliette’s funeral out of concern for what people might say. Juliette Drouet Juliette Drouet, born Julienne Josephine Gauvain (10 April 1806 – 11 May 1883), was a French actress. She abandoned her career on the stage after becoming the mistress of"
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"Cantu Addition, Texas Cantu Addition is a census-designated place (CDP) in Brooks County, Texas, United States. The population was 188 at the 2010 census. Cantu Addition is located at (27.201979, -98.153909). The community is situated just west of U.S. Highway 281, approximately southwest of Falfurrias in northern Brooks County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were 217 people, 77 households, and 56 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 723.0 people per square mile (279.3/km²). There were 83 housing units at an average density of 276.6/sq mi (106.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 64.06% White, 0.92% Native American, 32.26% from other races, and 2.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 94.47% of the population. There were 77 households out of which 48.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 19.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.28. In the CDP, the population was spread out with 32.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $9,191, and the median income for a family was $9,583. Males had a median income of $12,841 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $6,492. About 53.3% of families and 45.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of 18 or 65 or over. Cantu Addition is served by the Brooks County Independent School District. Cantu Addition, Texas Cantu Addition is a census-designated place (CDP) in Brooks County, Texas, United States. The population was 188 at the 2010 census. Cantu Addition is located at (27.201979, -98.153909). The community is situated just west of U.S."
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"The Suburbs The Suburbs is the third studio album by Canadian indie rock band Arcade Fire, released on August 2, 2010. Coinciding with its announcement, the band released a limited edition 12-inch single containing the title track and \"Month of May\". The album debuted at No. 1 on the Irish Albums Chart, the UK Albums Chart, the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, and the Canadian Albums Chart. It won Album of the Year at the 2011 Grammy Awards, Best International Album at the 2011 BRIT Awards, Album of the Year at the 2011 Juno Awards, and the 2011 Polaris Music Prize for best Canadian album. Two weeks after winning Grammy's Album of the Year, the album jumped from No. 52 to No. 12 on the \"Billboard\" 200, the album's highest ranking since August 2010. Arcade Fire released a deluxe edition CD/DVD of \"The Suburbs\" on June 27, 2011 (everywhere except the U.S. and Canada). The American and Canadian versions were released on August 2, 2011, to coincide with the original album's anniversary. The new version included two brand new tracks recorded during \"The Suburbs\" album sessions (\"Culture War\" and \"Speaking in Tongues\", the latter featuring David Byrne), an extended version of album track \"Wasted Hours\", Spike Jonze's short film, \"Scenes from the Suburbs\", and an 80-page booklet as well as other exclusive content. The album's lyrical content is inspired by band members Win and William Butler's upbringing in The Woodlands, Texas, a suburb of Houston. According to Win Butler, the album \"is neither a love letter to, nor an indictment of, the suburbs – it's a letter \"from\" the suburbs\". The album was recorded in Win Butler and Régine Chassagne's residence in Montreal, with some parts being recorded at the band's studio in Quebec and in New York City. Win Butler describes the overall sound of \"The Suburbs\" as \"a mix of Depeche Mode and Neil Young\", stating that he wanted the album to sound like \"the bands that I heard when I was very young, and wondered what those crazy noises were\". It was released by Merge Records in North America and by Mercury Records in the United Kingdom. The band pressed each completed song to a 12″ lacquer, then recorded it back for the digital master of the album. There are eight alternative covers for the CD version of the album. A video for \"Ready to Start\" was released on August 20, 2010, directed by Charlie Lightning and filmed at the band's July 7, 2010 concert at the Hackney Empire in London. On August 30, 2010, an interactive video was released for \"We Used to Wait\" at http://www.thewildernessdowntown.com, written and directed by Chris Milk, designed in conjunction with Google Chrome, which makes use of Google Maps and Google Street View, and has been featured in \"Time\"s \"Short List\". Another music video, for the title track \"The Suburbs\", was released on November 18, 2010, directed by Spike Jonze. The video, filmed in Austin, Texas, follows a group of teenagers living in the suburbs, and features cameos by Win Butler and Regine Chassagne as police officers. The music video is composed of excerpts from Jonze's short film, \"Scenes from the Suburbs\", which debuted at the Berlin International Film Festival 2011, and has a running time of 30 minutes. \"Scenes from the Suburbs\" screened at the SXSW Film Festival 2011 and saw its online premiere on MUBI on June 27, 2011. Writing for the Canadian Press, Nick Patch called the film \"a sci-fi puzzler that seems to blend the paranoia of Terry Gilliam films with the nostalgia of classic Steven Spielberg flicks\". \"The Suburbs\" received acclaim reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has an average score of 87 out of 100, which indicates \"universal acclaim\" based on 43 reviews. Writing for BBC Music, Mike Diver described the album as the band's \"most thrillingly engrossing chapter yet; a complex, captivating work that, several cycles down the line, retains the magic and mystery of that first tentative encounter\" and stated that \"you could call it their \"OK Computer\".\" Several reviewers compared \"The Suburbs\" favourably to Arcade Fire's earlier work. Ian Cohen of \"Pitchfork\" called it \"a satisfying return to form—proof that Arcade Fire can still make grand statements without sounding like they're carrying the weight of the world\". Noel Murray of \"The A.V. Club\" described the album as being \"like one long sequel\" to the band's earlier single \"No Cars Go\". \"Q\" wrote that the band \"may well have delivered their masterpiece.\" David Marchese, writing in \"Spin\", wrote of the album: \"Radiant with apocalyptic tension and grasping to sustain real bonds, [it] extends hungrily outward, recalling the dystopic miasma of William Gibson's sci-fi novels and Sonic Youth's guitar odysseys. Desperate to elude its own corrosive dread, it keeps moving, asking, looking, and making the promise that hope isn't just another spiritual cul-de-sac.\" \"NME\"s reviewer Emily Mackay compared \"The Suburbs\" to R.E.M.'s \"Automatic for the People\" in the sense of it being \"an album that combines mass accessibility with much greater ambition. Pretty much perfect, in other words – and despite their best efforts, listening to it feels just like coming home.\" \"Uncut\" designated the album as their \"Album of the Month\"; in a 4-star review for the magazine, Alastair McKay called it \"a surprising record, swapping the spit and fire of \"Funeral\" for a sense of mature playfulness\", and concluding that \"[it] explores the badlands between safety and boredom. It's nostalgic, with a sense of future dread. There is pain and pleasure, loss and hope. It feels like the anesthetic is wearing off.\" \"Exclaim!\" listed the album as their No. 1 Pop & Rock Album of 2010. Writer Andrea Warner summarized it as \"a perfect actualization of the suburbs as metaphor for the classic North American dream: a smoothly perfect veneer covering up the lush complexity of motivation. It's not just metaphor, but goes a step further to exemplify the quintessential Arcade Fire sound ― a controlled frenzy, pushing and reaching for something more.\" The album was also included in the 2011 edition of the book \"1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die\". On June 16, 2011, the album was named as a long-listed nominee for the 2011 Polaris Music Prize. On July 6, \"The Suburbs\" was awarded a spot on the shortlist, making it one of ten possible candidates to win $30,000 and the recognition as the best Canadian album of the year as voted by jury of Canadian journalists and broadcasters. On September 19, 2011 it won the Polaris Music Prize. The album was Album of the Year at the Juno Awards and the 53rd Grammy Awards, earned a nomination for Best Alternative Music Album, won Best International Album at the 2011 BRIT Awards and was also on numerous best-albums-of-the-year lists: The single “Ready to Start” was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. Notes Arcade Fire Additional musicians Technical !scope=\"row\"|Worldwide (IFPI) The Suburbs The Suburbs is the third studio album by Canadian indie rock band Arcade Fire, released on August 2, 2010. Coinciding with its announcement,"
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"Charles Quef Charles Paul Florimond Quef (1 November 1873, Lille – 2 July 1931, Paris) was a French organist and composer. He studied at the conservatory in Lille, and later he attended the Paris Conservatory where he studied with Charles-Marie Widor, Louis Vierne and Alexandre Guilmant. From 1895 to 1898, he was organist of the Église Sainte-Marie-des-Batignolles and in 1898, organist of the Saint-Laurent church, Paris. In the same year, he was awarded the First prize for organ at the conservatory. Then he was appointed assistant organist and later, in November 1901, titular organist of the Église de la Ste.-Trinité, Paris, due to resignation of his predecessor Guilmant. He retained this post until his death in 1931. Charles Quef Charles Paul Florimond Quef (1 November 1873, Lille – 2 July 1931, Paris) was a French organist and composer. He studied at the conservatory in Lille, and later he attended the Paris Conservatory where he studied with Charles-Marie Widor, Louis Vierne and Alexandre Guilmant. From 1895 to 1898, he was organist of the Église Sainte-Marie-des-Batignolles and in 1898, organist of the Saint-Laurent church, Paris. In the same year, he was awarded the First prize for organ at the conservatory. Then he"
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"Sanaa Lathan Sanaa McCoy Lathan (born September 19, 1971) is an American actress and voice actress. She has starred in many films, including \"The Best Man\", its 2013 sequel, \"The Best Man Holiday\", \"Love & Basketball\", \"Brown Sugar\", \"Alien vs. Predator\", \"The Family That Preys\", \"Contagion\" and \"Now You See Me 2\". In theatre, Lathan was nominated for a Tony Award for her performance on Broadway in \"A Raisin in the Sun\" and starred in 2010 in the all-black performance of \"Cat on a Hot Tin Roof\" at the Novello Theatre in London. From 2009 to 2013, she voiced Donna Tubbs in \"The Cleveland Show\" and has voiced her in all concurrent and subsequent \"Family Guy\" appearances. Lathan was born in New York City. Her first name means \"artistry\" in Swahili and \"piece of art\" in Arabic. Her mother, Eleanor McCoy, was an actress and dancer who performed on Broadway with Eartha Kitt. Her father, Stan Lathan, worked behind the scenes in television for PBS, as well as a producer on shows such as \"Sanford & Son\" and Russell Simmons' \"Def Comedy Jam\". Her brother is Tendaji Lathan, a well known DJ. She attended Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics. She graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, with a bachelor's degree in English. Lathan then attended Yale University, and earned a master's degree in drama. Following her training at Yale, where she studied with Earle R. Gister and performed in a number of Shakespeare plays, Lathan earned acclaim both off-Broadway and on the Los Angeles stage. Encouraged by her father to make Los Angeles her professional base, she found early television roles in episodes of such shows as \"In the House\", \"Family Matters\", \"NYPD Blue\", and \"Moesha\". During that same period, she won raves and a Best Actress nod from the Los Angeles NAACP Theatrical Award Committee for her performance in \"To Take Arms\". In 1998, Lathan earned a degree of recognition with her role as the mother of Wesley Snipes' title character in \"Blade\". She followed this the subsequent year with a role in \"Life\" with Martin Lawrence and Eddie Murphy and back-to-back turns in \"The Best Man\" and \"The Wood\". \"The Best Man\" was a comedic ensemble film, starring Taye Diggs, Nia Long, Harold Perrineau Jr., and Morris Chestnut. \"The Best Man\" went on to become one of the top ten highest grossing African American films in history and Lathan received a NAACP Image Award nomination for her performance. \"The Wood\", another ensemble film starring Diggs and Omar Epps, cast her as the love interest of Epps. Lathan and Epps were reunited onscreen in Gina Prince-Bythewood's \"Love & Basketball\", this time playing a couple as passionate about basketball as they are about each other. Her performance in \"Love & Basketball\" earned her the 2001 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture, as well as an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Actress and a BET Award. In 2000, Lathan appeared in the Off-Broadway production of \"The Vagina Monologues\" along with Teri Garr and Julianna Margulies. In 2001, Lathan earned additional acclaim for her work in the multicultural comedy film \"Catfish in Black Bean Sauce\". Next was her second collaboration with Prince-Bythewood: \"Disappearing Acts\"; it is based on a novel by Terry McMillan. In the HBO film, Lathan is cast as an aspiring singer/songwriter in love with a carpenter, played by her \"Blade\" co-star Wesley Snipes. For her work in the film, Lathan earned an Essence Award for Best Actress. That year, she was named by \"Ebony\" magazine as one of its \"55 Most Beautiful People\" and was honoured by \"Essence\" magazine and Black Entertainment Television. In 2002, Lathan starred in the romantic comedy film, \"Brown Sugar\", alongside Diggs, Queen Latifah, and Mos Def. Lathan's performance earned an NAACP Image Award Nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture. The film also received an NAACP Image Award nomination for Outstanding Motion Picture. In 2004, Lathan starred on Broadway in \"A Raisin in the Sun\" with Sean Combs, Audra McDonald, and Phylicia Rashad. Lathan received a Tony Award nomination for Best Performance by a Featured Actress for her portrayal of Beneatha Younger. Several years later, Lathan reprised the role in an ABC Network production of \"A Raisin in the Sun\". In 2003, she co-starred with Denzel Washington in \"Out of Time\". The following year, she was cast in the lead role in \"Alien vs. Predator\". The film was a major success grossing over $171 million worldwide. Lathan has acted in several roles in which her characters are involved in interracial relationships. In 2006, she co-starred with Simon Baker in \"Something New\", a romantic comedy; as Michelle Landau, the much younger wife of a Texas businessman (Larry Hagman) during the fourth season of the television series, \"Nip/Tuck;\" and in 2008 as Andrea in Tyler Perry's \"The Family That Preys\". The film also features Alfre Woodard and Kathy Bates; it was released in the U.S. on September 12, 2008. In an interview with NPR, Lathan said the script took a fresh approach to telling an interracial love story, by describing the internal conflict some African-American women confront when it comes to dating interracially. \"I feel like with black women, in a way, I feel like it has been harder for us to go there just in terms of culturally. I know that there's this statistic that says that like 13 percent of black men are in interracial relationships. And don't quote me on this, but it's like four percent or three percent of black women are in interracial relationships; and I think that says a lot about, you know, either black women's loyalty her black man or her either guilt about stepping outside of the race.\" In 2009, Lathan co-starred with Matthew Broderick in the drama \"Wonderful World\". From 2009 to 2013, she voiced the character Donna Tubbs on \"The Cleveland Show\". In 2011, Lathan co-starred in the Steven Soderbergh thriller \"Contagion\" alongside Matt Damon, Jude Law, Marion Cotillard, Kate Winslet, Gwyneth Paltrow, Bryan Cranston, and Laurence Fishburne. In 2011, Lathan starred with Anthony Mackie and Forest Whitaker in \"Repentance\", a psychological thriller directed by Phillipe Caland. Lathan played series regular Mona Fredricks in the second season of Starz' original series \"Boss\", starring Kelsey Grammer. In 2013, Lathan reprised her role in \"The Best Man\"′s sequel, \"The Best Man Holiday\". In 2016, she was cast with the ensemble of the sequel of \"Now You See Me\" entitled \"Now You See Me 2\", which was a box-office success, and she was cast in the Sci Fi movie \"Approaching the Unknown\". In 2017, Lathan returned to TV in a lead role in the series \"Shots Fired\", and also appeared in the movie \"American Assassin\". Lathan will recur in the Season 4 of \"The Affair\", as well as having the lead role for a Netflix movie called \"Nappily Ever After\". Sanaa Lathan Sanaa McCoy Lathan (born September 19, 1971) is an American actress and voice actress. She has starred in many films, including \"The Best Man\", its 2013 sequel, \"The Best Man Holiday\", \"Love & Basketball\", \"Brown Sugar\", \"Alien vs. Predator\", \"The Family That Preys\", \"Contagion\" and \"Now You See Me"
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"HIV/AIDS in Bhutan HIV/AIDS in Bhutan remains a relatively rare disease among its population. It has, however, grown into an issue of national concern since Bhutan's first reported case in 1993. Despite preemptive education and counseling efforts, the number of reported HIV/AIDS cases has climbed since the early 1990s. This prompted increased government efforts to confront the spread of the disease through mainstreaming sexually transmitted disease (STD) and HIV prevention, grassroots education, and the personal involvement of the Bhutanese royal family, namely Her Majesty Queen Mother Sangay Choden. In 2011, there were 246 reported cases of HIV in Bhutan, representing just over 0.03% of the population. In July 2010, there were a total of 217 cases detected, however Health Ministry sources indicated actual numbers were estimated at more than 500 by UNAIDS. Infection rates had remained modest though increasing, climbing from 185 reported cases, or 0.026% of the population, in early 2010. The Ministry of Health attributed climbing numbers to promiscuity, drug use, and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in neighbouring countries. In 2010, almost 91% of HIV infections among Bhutanese were attributed to multiple partners and lack of condom use. As of 2010, Bhutan had not implemented any needle and syringe programs. Persons living with HIV/AIDS in Bhutan include all social groups, including government employees, businessmen, farmers, soldiers, monks, sex workers and housewives. In 2010, housewives presented 61 of 217 known cases, while sex workers presented 10. Persons between the ages of 15 and 29 accounted for half of those reportedly living with HIV/AIDS in 2010. In Bhutan, HIV/AIDS is detections come about primarily through contact tracing and routine medical checks. Urban areas such as Thimphu, home to bars, karaoke, discos, and hotels, show the greatest propensity for the spread of HIV/AIDS. Kuensel estimated there were some 266 sex workers in Thimphu alone. Through 2010, total of 40 people died due to HIV/AIDS-related causes, and one committed suicide. HIV/AIDS treatment and counseling are available exclusively under the Bhutanese universal health care system. In 2010, 46 of the known 217 living with HIV/AIDS were receiving treatment. Issues of treatment, counseling, and behavioral compliance among HIV-positive persons have become a matter of public debate. Unlike most of its neighbors, Bhutan has never conducted any serological or behavioral surveillance of its at-risk populations. Persons living with HIV/AIDS in Bhutan carry a social stigma and often face discrimination, including disowning and unemployment, because it is a sexually-transmitted disease. Despite the prevalence of promiscuity in Bhutanese society, those infected often remain silent for fear discrimination in an otherwise conservative society. Both the government and media in Bhutan have recognized the need to address social stigma, which hampers prevention, by educating and counseling the general population. Lhak-sam, a non-governmental organization, was founded in Thimphu in 2009 by HIV-positive Bhutanese to further education and prevention of HIV/AIDS. A large number of its members are unemployed. Although there were no reported cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) through the early 1990s, the Department of Public Health set up a public awareness program in 1987. With the encouragement of the WHO, a \"reference laboratory\" was established at the Thimphu General Hospital to test for AIDS and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a precautionary measure. To further enhance awareness, representatives of the National Institute of Family Health were sent to Bangladesh in 1990 for training in AIDS awareness and treatment measures. Bhutan's first HIV/AIDS case was detected in 1993. In 1999, Queen Mother Sangay Choden assumed the Bhutanese UNFPA ambassadorship, and has been Bhutan's most visible public education campaigner on HIV/AIDS. She has given numerous presentations at public gatherings, at schools and to dropouts, to the military, at monasteries, and in rural communities. The Queen is also responsible for Bhutan's observance of World AIDS Day. On 24 May 2004, the Fourth Druk Gyalpo, King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, promulgated the Royal Decree on HIV Prevention. In it, he called for citizens to participate in HIV prevention while respecting the rights of those living with HIV/AIDS. This was followed by another Royal Edict in 2004 on HIV/AIDS. Before ascending the throne, future Fifth Druk Gyalpo Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck advocated abstinence by rejecting \"undesirable activities\" and demonstrate compassion to those living with the disease. HIV/AIDS in Bhutan HIV/AIDS in Bhutan remains a relatively rare disease among its population. It has, however, grown into an issue of national concern since Bhutan's first reported case in 1993. Despite preemptive education and counseling efforts, the number of reported HIV/AIDS cases has climbed since the early 1990s. This prompted increased government efforts to confront the spread of the disease through mainstreaming sexually transmitted disease (STD) and HIV prevention, grassroots education, and the personal involvement of the Bhutanese royal family, namely Her Majesty Queen Mother Sangay Choden. In 2011, there were 246 reported cases of HIV"
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"2017–18 Idaho Vandals women's basketball team The 2017–18 Idaho Vandals women's basketball team represents the University of Idaho during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Vandals, led by tenth year head coach Jon Newlee, play their home games at the Cowan Spectrum with early season games at Memorial Gym, and are members of the Big Sky Conference. They finished the season 19–14, 13–5 in Big Sky play to finish in second place. They advanced to the championship game of the Big Sky Women's Tournament where they lost to Northern Colorado. They received an automatic bid to the Women's National Invitation Tournament where they lost to UC Davis in the first round. !colspan=9 style=| Exhibition !colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season !colspan=9 style=| Big Sky regular season !colspan=9 style=| Big Sky Women's Tournament !colspan=9 style=| WNIT 2017–18 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team 2017–18 Idaho Vandals women's basketball team The 2017–18 Idaho Vandals women's basketball team represents the University of Idaho during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Vandals, led by tenth year head coach Jon Newlee, play their home games at the Cowan Spectrum with early season games at Memorial Gym, and are members of the"
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"Chartered Institute of Management Accountants The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) is a UK based professional body offering training and qualification in management accountancy and related subjects. It is focused on accountants working in industry, and provides ongoing support and training for members. CIMA is one of the professional associations for accountants in the UK and Ireland. Its particular emphasis is on developing the management accounting profession. CIMA is the largest management accounting body in the world with 281,467 students and CGMAs 106,095 of which are members in 2017. CIMA is also a member of the International Federation of Accountants. CIMA, was formed in March 1919, as the Institute of Cost and Works Accountant, by a group of legal professionals and businessmen who wanted to develop an approach to accounting that would meet the demands of a rapidly changing business world. Industrialisation had led to large scale, complex businesses providing unprecedented challenges in management. Employers needed a new form of in-house accountant to provide, in addition to accounts, better analysis of cost and of operations to inform performance management. The new institute soon gained the backing of leading industrialists including, Lord Leverhulme who became its president. Advances in technology and globalisation made business ever more complex over the 20th century and the role of the accountant in business became more significant. It expanded to include provision of a wider range of information and the emphasis shifted from accounting to management. The status of management accounting as a distinct branch of the accounting profession was recognised by the granting of a Royal Charter in 1975. CIMA operates a standard scheme of qualifying examinations for prospective members. It promotes local education, training and management development operations, and new techniques through its research foundation and the dissemination of management accounting practices through publications and other media related activities. CIMA has been active in recent educational and vocational initiatives in former Eastern bloc countries. It publishes a monthly journal, supplied free to members and registered students, called 'Financial Management'. CIMA is recognised as a professional accounting body for various statutory purposes by UK and various overseas governments. The institute regulates the activities of its members by a code of practice, a discipline committee and a continuing professional development education scheme. Its governing body is its council, comprising members elected from regional branches. Each of the branches has a committee and is responsible for much of the 'grass roots' activity. Activity such as qualification development is undertaken from the London head office. In 2011 CIMA left CCAB. <http://www.cimaglobal.com/Pages-that-we-will-need-to-bring-back/Old-site-pages1/Old-site-pages/About-us/Press-office/Press-releases/2011/March-2011/CIMA-withdraws-from-the-CCAB/> In 2012, CIMA and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants created the CGMA® designation (Chartered Global Management Accountant). The designation recognises the most talented and committed management accountants with the discipline and skill to drive strong business performance. The CGMA is the most widely held management accounting designation in the world with more than 150,000 designees it is educationally equivalent to a master’s degree. The designation is built on extensive global research to maintain the highest relevance with employers and develop the competencies most in demand. CGMA® professionals are business strategists who can link the board’s objectives and the rest of your organisation, guiding critical business decisions and creating sustainable business success. In 2014 CIMA, with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, launched the Global Management Accounting Principles (Principles). The Principles were endorsed by UK business leaders including: Mr Ian king Chief Executive, BAE Systems and Howard Orme, Director General, Finance & Commercial, Department for Business Innovation & Skills. www.ft.com. The CGMA Competency Framework was also launched in 2014. The framework shows the range of technical, accounting and finance skills that management accountants need to do their jobs and consists of four knowledge areas: Technical Skills, Business Skills, People Skills and Leadership Skills all underpinned by Ethics, Integrity and Professionalism. In 2016 CIMA, sponsored the creation of the world’s first management accounting standard: PAS 1919:2016 Guide to management accounting principles. The standard, published by the British Standards Institute codifies a universal framework for best practice in decision making. Organisations including, Sky, The EnvironmentAgency, Fujitsu, the NHS and Siemens had input into its development. It is designed as a best-practice guide to management accounting, allowing organisations to benchmark their finance function and to unlock the full contribution that management accountancy can make. The specification is based on the Global Management Accounting Principles, created in 2014 by CIMA and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. In 2017, members of CIMA and AICPA formed the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants to unite and strengthen the accounting profession globally. Representing an influential network of more than 667,000 members and students in management and public accounting, the Association prepares accountants for today’s challenges and tomorrow’s opportunities. CIMA has two grades of full membership: To be admitted as an Associate, a candidate must have: To become a Fellow, a candidate ACMA must, in addition, have appropriate experience at a senior level. In the past, CIMA has offered forms of association which do not amount to full membership, for example an \"Affiliate\" membership class was promoted in the 1970s. CIMA members have access to a number of strategic alliances, including: Chartered Institute of Management Accountants The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) is a UK based professional body offering training and qualification in management accountancy and related subjects. It is focused on accountants working in industry, and provides ongoing"
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"Electroputere Electroputere S.A. (which translates as \"Electropower\" in English) is a company based in Craiova, Romania. Founded in 1949, it is one of the largest industrial companies in Romania. Electroputere has produced more than 2,400 diesel locomotives, and 1,050 electric locomotives for the Romanian, Bulgarian, Chinese, and Polish railways, additionally producing other urban vehicles and complex equipment. Electroputere are currently manufactures of: They also have divisions specialising in: A total of 1,105 locomotives were delivered between 1972—1991 to railway companies in the following countries: One of its more notable foreign orders was for the Class 56 locomotives for British Rail. The 30 locomotives were outsourced to Electroputere because Brush Traction could not build them at its own plant; however, upon their arrival in the UK, the machines were deemed to be unsuitable for use, as they suffered from poor construction standards, and had to be withdrawn and extensively rebuilt. (However, they were seen as being perfectly reasonable for use in Romania by the Romanian crews who tested them) Electroputere Electroputere S.A. (which translates as \"Electropower\" in English) is a company based in Craiova, Romania. Founded in 1949, it is one of the largest industrial companies in Romania. Electroputere has produced"
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"Nashville, Texas Nashville (also known as Nashville-on-the-Brazos) was a community on the southeast bank of the Brazos River in present-day Milam County, Texas, United States. It is now a ghost town. The town was surveyed in the fall of 1835 with Sterling C. Robertson as its founder. It was named in honor of Nashville, Tennessee, Robertson's birthplace. The town served as the headquarters for Robertson's Colony. In January 1836, the settlement was attacked by Indians in the area. Two people were killed. This led to the formation of Sterling C. Robertson's Ranger Company. The rangers constructed Fort Milam at the falls of the Brazos and a second at the three forks of the Little River. Nashville was also designated the seat of justice for Milam municipality in 1836. Following the Texas Revolution, Nashville was considered by the Texas Congress as a possible site for the capital of the Republic of Texas. From 1837 to 1846, the town served as the Milam County seat. It began to slowly decline after 1846, when the state legislature moved the county seat to Cameron. In 1868, the arrival of the Houston and Texas Central Railroad at nearby Hearne provided the remaining residents with the incentive to move. The town's post office closed that same year. A chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, with additional funds from Milam County, bought seven acres of the former Nashville site and deeded it to the state of Texas in 1927. Nashville was remembered during the Texas Centennial with the addition of several historic markers along U.S. Highway 79, approximately five miles northeast of Gause and five miles west of Hearne. Nashville, Texas Nashville (also known as Nashville-on-the-Brazos) was a community on the southeast bank of the Brazos River in present-day Milam County, Texas, United States. It"
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"The Martial Arts Kid The Martial Arts Kid is a 2015 martial arts film directed by Michael Baumgarten and starring Don 'The Dragon' Wilson and Cynthia Rothrock as a couple who take in their nephew Jansen Panettiere, and teach him martial arts when he is bullied. The film has been given major rave for its anti-bullying message. Most of the supporting cast of the film are actual martial artists, some of whom appear as themselves in the film. Robbie Oakes is a Cleveland high schooler who after losing his mother, finds himself constantly in trouble with the law. When his grandmother has had enough after his latest arrest, Robbie is sent to Cocoa Beach, Florida to live with his aunt Cindy and uncle Glen. The night of his arrival, Robbie sneaks out of the house and goes to a local convenience store. There, he sees a young girl, Rina, sitting in a car. When he talks to her, Rina's boyfriend Bo harasses and punches Robbie in the face. The next day at school, Robbie finds himself again harassed and embarrassed by Bo, who pushes him into the girls' restroom. At lunch, Robbie meets his first friend, Lenny, who sees the black eye and suggests that Robbie should learn self-defense or it will be the longest two months of his life. When Cindy invites him to lunch at her local restaurant, they are confronted by a thug. When Robbie confronts the thug verbally, the thug pulls out a knife. Cindy takes on the thug and uses martial arts to stop him. The police arrive and Robbie, in a state of shock, asks Cindy where she learned martial arts. The following day, Robbie goes to the Space Coast Dojo, which is run by Glen. Robbie asks Glen to teach him martial arts and at first Glen refuses but then asks why. Robbie tells Glen that he is tired of being the person he has become and wants to do something about it. Glen takes Robbie in as a student and Robbie begins to change slowly. When Glen takes Robbie to a local bike shop to buy one for Robbie, Glen takes on a bully harassing the bike shop owner, who turns out to be Rina's father. On his first bike ride, Robbie finds another local school, Dojo Extreme. There, he meets Coach Laurent Kaine, who unlike Glen believes that martial arts are for winning and destroying opponents. Robbie also learns that Bo is a student of Kaine's and leaves. Robbie continues his training with Glen and Cindy and begins to slowly change his ways. He becomes more friendly and begins to respect Glen and Cindy as if they were his real parents. Robbie even gets a job at the bike shop under the condition that he can attempt to steal Rina away from Bo. When Bo finds Robbie one day, he starts his verbal attack on Robbie but this time, Robbie doesn't budge. Glen, worried something dangerous happens, goes to Dojo Extreme to talk to Kaine. Kaine and Glen used to be friends, but their opposing views of martial arts have them rivals. When Kaine learns that Bo was the one who has been bullying Robbie, he tells Glen there's not much he can do because Bo's father has a lot of pull in town. At a Halloween party, Robbie finally admits his feelings for Rina, who has been stood up by Bo so he can go off with his friends. The next day at the Space Coast Dojo, Rina finally reciprocates her feelings towards Robbie and the two become a couple, much to the chagrin of Bo. Meanwhile, Lenny is harassed by a trio of goons at the beach only to be rescued by Cindy. Cindy takes Lenny to the dojo and asks Robbie to teach him martial arts. When Robbie tells Lenny that martial arts is about protecting himself and others, Lenny agrees. Meanwhile, at Dojo Extreme, Kaine's obsession with his style forces his girlfriend Nika, to get upset and attempts to use a newcomer at the gym, Derek, to face Kaine. When Kaine uses his \"assess, assert, and dismember\" method, he breaks Derek's leg and apologizes to Nika. When Rina calls Robbie and tells him that Bo has found her and has hurt her, Robbie flies into a rampage. He finds a bunch of Bo's friends to demand where he is and when they try to fight him, Robbie gets the upper hand. At a local pizza parlor, someone makes a viral video of Robbie fighting more of the Dojo Extreme team and it is uploaded for everyone to see. Robbie heads to Dojo Extreme and finds himself outnumbered by Kaine, Bo, and the rest of the dojo. However, Dojo Extreme learns that Robbie didn't come alone. Glen, Cindy, Lenny, and members of the Space Coast Dojo arrive. Robbie and Bo fight inside of a cage while the two schools go at it. When one of Dojo Extreme's members pulls out a gun, Cindy stops him in time and declares the rumble over. Glen follows Kaine to a baseball cage, where the two begin to fight. Meanwhile, Robbie finally defeats Bo using a grappling move. He celebrates his victory with a backflip and a loud 'kiai'. Meanwhile, Glen and Kaine fight in the cage with baseballs flying at them and then with baseball bats. Glen finally knocks Laurent down and tells him it is over. Kaine soon realizes that everyone does have something to learn. Two weeks later, Glen, Cindy, Katie (Glen and Cindy's daughter), Robbie, Rina, and Lenny are at the beach when they are being watched. The man watching them from afar is Frank Whitlaw, Bo's father, who vows to get even with the Space Coast Dojo. The film was developed by James Wilson, the brother of lead actor Don 'The Dragon' Wilson, as a modern-day version of The Karate Kid. When the film was announced, the filmmakers started a Kickstarter fund, in which they exceeded their target goal with $173,486 from 430 backers. An open casting call was done in April in which there were over 250 people who showed up. Production began on the weekend of June 7, 2014 in Cocoa Beach, Florida and Melbourne, Florida, for six days followed by eight days in Los Angeles, California. To bring the spirit of martial arts in the film, many well-known martial artists, aside from Wilson, Rothrock, Ziff, and Storm, appear in the film in cameos either instructors or themselves. They include Olando Rivera, Christine Bannon-Rodrigues, Jeff W. Smith, Glenn C. Wilson, Carl Van Meter, and Dewey Cooper. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has 3 negative reviews. Martin Tsai of \"The Los Angeles Times\" writes: So we have one minority pitted against the other minority in a bid to prove which is worthier of inclusion, while the bad guy who started the fight, Bo, is white. Monica Castillo of \"The Village Voice\" writes: Karate Kid homage offers decent messages, so-so story. Sandie Angulo Chen of Common Sense Media writes: For a movie starring so many action stars and fighting champs, The Martial Arts Kid falls surprisingly short of winning any medals. The film won the Best Florida Film at the Sunscreen Film Festival in St. Petersburg, Florida. Actor Matthew Ziff won the Best Supporting Actor award at the same festival for his role of bully Bo Whitlaw. The film won three awards at the Melbourne Independent Filmmakers Festival including Best Dramatic Feature, Best Music Score, and the Humanitarian Award. The film also received the highest rating from The Dove Foundation, giving the film 5 out of 5 Doves for \"Family Approved Film\". After multiple screenings all over the United States, the DVD and Blu-Ray were released via the film's official website on April 14, 2016. First announced on a featurette on the DVD of the original film, Cynthia Rothrock took to Facebook to announce that pre-production has begun on the sequel, which is to be called \"The Martial Arts Kid 2: Payback\". Don Wilson and Cynthia Rothrock are returning in their roles of Glen and Cindy and Michael Baumgarten is returning to write and direct the sequel. James E. Wilson is returning as producer as well. An IndieGogo promotion was announced to raise funds for the film on January 15, 2018. Aside from Wilson and Rothrock, original cast members T.J. Storm, Matthew Ziff, Brandon Tyler Russell, and Chuck Zito are returning and new cast members announced include Sasha Mitchell, Anita Clay, Benny Urquidez, and Bill",
"and Blu-Ray were released via the film's official website on April 14, 2016. First announced on a featurette on the DVD of the original film, Cynthia Rothrock took to Facebook to announce that pre-production has begun on the sequel, which is to be called \"The Martial Arts Kid 2: Payback\". Don Wilson and Cynthia Rothrock are returning in their roles of Glen and Cindy and Michael Baumgarten is returning to write and direct the sequel. James E. Wilson is returning as producer as well. An IndieGogo promotion was announced to raise funds for the film on January 15, 2018. Aside from Wilson and Rothrock, original cast members T.J. Storm, Matthew Ziff, Brandon Tyler Russell, and Chuck Zito are returning and new cast members announced include Sasha Mitchell, Anita Clay, Benny Urquidez, and Bill \"Superfoot\" Wallace. The Martial Arts Kid The Martial Arts Kid is a 2015 martial arts film directed by Michael Baumgarten and starring Don 'The Dragon' Wilson and Cynthia Rothrock as a couple who take in their nephew Jansen Panettiere, and teach him martial arts when he is bullied. The film has been given major rave for its anti-bullying message. Most of the supporting cast of the film are actual martial artists, some of whom appear as themselves in the film. Robbie Oakes"
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"West Lealman, Florida West Lealman is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 15,651 at the 2010 census. Prior to 2010, West Lealman was part of a larger CDP named West and East Lealman. West Lealman is located at (27.8200, -82.7381). The community is bordered by the city of Pinellas Park to the northeast, St. Petersburg to the south, and by the town of Kenneth City to the east. Long Bayou and Cross Bayou border the CDP to the west, with the city of Seminole on the opposite shore of Cross Bayou. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (1.96%) is water. West Lealman, Florida West Lealman is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 15,651 at the 2010 census. Prior to 2010, West Lealman was part of a larger CDP named West and East Lealman. West Lealman is located at (27.8200, -82.7381). The community is bordered by the city of Pinellas Park to the northeast, St. Petersburg to the south, and by the town of Kenneth City to the east. Long Bayou and Cross"
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"Before the Race Before the Race (1882–84) is a painting by Impressionist painter, Edgar Degas, who began painting scenes with horses in the 1860s. Horse racing became a popular pastime in 19th century France under Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III. Degas began admiring horses while visiting friends in Normandy. Over the course of his career it is reported that he created 45 oils, 20 pastels, 250 drawings, and 17 sculptures related to horses. Degas was eager to know horses in anatomical detail. As a student, Degas had filled his notebooks with drawings of horses. During a tour of breeding farms with Paul Valpincon and after exposure to horse races, Degas appreciated the movement of the horses and the colors of the jockeys uniforms. He wanted to make his paintings seem spontaneous as if he'd captured a passing moment. \"Before the Race\" is one of three identically titled paintings from the early 1880s. During this time Degas was reported to have a full sized stuffed horse in his studio. This version is part of the collection of The Walters Art Museum, the other two are part of the collections of Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute and the Mrs. John Hay Whitney Collection. Of the three versions, the Walters' painting most closely resembles a sketch. The setting of the painting is barely suggested and the pigments are thinly applied. A reproduction of \"Before the Race\" was featured in \"Off the Wall\", an open-air exhibition on the streets of Baltimore, Maryland in 2013/2014. It was displayed at the Horse You Came in on Saloon. The original is part of The Walters Art Museum collection, The National Gallery in London began the concept of bringing art out of doors in 2007 and the Detroit Institute of Art introduced the concept in the U.S.. The \"Off the Wall\" reproductions of the Walters' paintings are done on weather-resistant vinyl and include a description of the painting and a QR code for smart phones. Before the Race Before the Race (1882–84) is a painting by Impressionist painter, Edgar Degas, who began painting scenes with horses in the 1860s. Horse racing became a popular pastime in 19th century France under Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III. Degas began admiring horses while visiting friends in Normandy. Over the course of his career it is reported that he created 45 oils, 20 pastels, 250 drawings, and 17 sculptures related to horses. Degas"
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"Nipponopsalididae Nipponopsalididae is a family of harvestmen with three described species in one genus, Nipponopsalis, which is found in East Asia. The genus name \"Nipponopsalis\" is a combination of \"Nippon\", meaning Japan, where the genus was first discovered, and the ending of the harvestman genus \"Ischyropsalis\", which comes from the Greek \"psalis\" (scissors), referring to the long chelicerae. They range in body length from 2.3 to 4.1 mm. The carapace is domed, with a large, low ocularium, and rather large eyes. They have chelicerae that are longer than their body, long, slender pedipalps, and long, slender legs; the long, heavily sclerotized chelicerae are similar to those found in some Ischyropsalidioids. The cheliceral fingers exhibit 2 forms of teeth: narrow diaphanous teeth in the middle, and courser teeth distally. The opisthosoma is generally poorly sclerotized, and the \"corona analis\" is incomplete. The segmentation of the dorsum differs between males and females, as females generally exhibit a \"scutum laminatum\" or \"scutum dissectum\", while the males exhibit a \"scutum parvum\". Further sexual dimorphisms include size, as females are larger than males, and the chelicerae, which are generally stouter in males, and exhibit different sex-based armature. The penis shaft is long, slender, and gradually tapering, and the glans is three-branched, the lateral plates set with setae and shielding the median branch, which houses the opening of the seminal duct. They can be distinguished from other long-jawed Dyspnoi, like \"Ischyropsalis\", \"Taracus\", and \"Oskoron\", by the complete absence of any spines on the second thoracic segment, though they are not known to be sympatric with any of those genera. This family is very geographically conserved, and is known only from Japan, Korea, and the Kuril Islands. Nipponopsalididae belong to the Superfamily Troguloidea. They have been regarded as a sister group to all remaining Troguloidea, though the most recent Opiliones phylogeny places them as the sister group to a clade consisting of Dicranolasmatidae and Trogulidae, with Nemastomatidae as sister to all remaining Troguloidea. An internal phylogeny has not yet been conducted for this family. When originally described, the superficial morphological similarities between \"Nipponopsalis\" and \"Ischyropsalis\" led \"Nipponopsalis\" to be placed within that genus, though it is now known to be distinct, and morphological similarities between the two genera are a result of convergence. This species was discovered in Iwakuni, in the Yamagutchi prefecture in southern Japan. It was the first species of the genus to be described, though it was originally described as a species of \"Ischyropsalis\". The chelicerae of this species are unique in the presence of conspicuous apophyses. Both male and female individuals possess an apophysis on the first cheliceral segment, though this is considerably larger in males than it is in females. Males also possess another apophysis on the second segment, which extends backwards and overlaps with the apophysis on the first segment. The penis in this species has a pair of soft bubble-like protuberances near the base of the glans, which are not found in other species. The glans is also longer than that of \"N. yezoensis\", and the shaft is longer than that of \"N. coreana\". This subspecies is known from the three Japanese islands of Honshu, Kyoshu, and Shikoku. This subspecies has more swollen male cheliceral apophyses and considerably shorter legs than \"N. abei longipes\". Leg measurements (in millimeters) for males are : I 11, II 20, III 11, IV 15. This subspecies is known from the island of Amami-oshima, one of the Satsunan Islands. It represents the southernmost distribution of the genus. This subspecies has distinctly narrower male cheliceral apophyses and considerably longer legs than \"N. abei abei\". Leg measurements (in millimeters) for males are: I 22, II 40, III 23, IV 33. This species was discovered in Chungju, Korea, and was the first to be discovered outside of Japan. The male chelicerae in this species are unique for this genus, as they exhibit a notable protuberance basally on the second segment. In addition, the penis shaft is shorter and broader than that of the other species, with a proportionally larger glans. This species was discovered in Akan National Park, in Hokkaido. Additional specimens have since been collected in the Kuril Islands of eastern Russia. This species represents the northernmost distribution of the genus. This species exhibits unique male palpal morphology, with the tibia connected to the patella via a short stalk, and swollen basally; the tibia and tarsus are also densely covered in short hairs. Unlike the other species, male chelicerae in this species feature only small tubercles. The penis shaft is proportionally longer than in other species, with a shorter glans. Nipponopsalididae Nipponopsalididae is a family of harvestmen with three described species in one genus, Nipponopsalis, which is found in East Asia. The genus name \"Nipponopsalis\" is a combination of \"Nippon\", meaning Japan, where the genus was first"
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"Education in Andorra Education in Andorra is mandatory for all children aged 6 to 16. There are essentially three coexisting school systems in the country: French, Spanish, and Andorran. The French government partially subsidizes education in Andorra’s French-language schools; schools in the southern section, near Spain, are supported by the church. The local language, Catalan, has been introduced at a school under the control of the Roman Catholic Church. 39% of Andorran children attend Andorran schools, 33% French schools and 28% Spanish schools. In general, Andorran schools follow the Spanish curriculum, and their diplomas are recognized by Spain. Primary school enrollment in 2003 was estimated at about 89%; 88% for boys and 90% for girls. The same year, secondary school enrollment was about 71%; 69% for boys and 74% for girls. The pupil to teacher ratio for primary school was at about 12:1 in 2003; the ratio was about 7:1 for secondary classes. The University of Andorra was established in July 1997. It has a small enrollment and mostly offers long-distance courses through universities in Spain and France. The majority of secondary graduates who continue their education attend schools in France or Spain. In 2003, about 8% of eligible adult students were enrolled in tertiary programs. Virtually the entire adult population is literate. Andorra also has a nursing school and a school of computer science. Education in Andorra Education in Andorra is mandatory for all children aged 6 to 16. There are essentially three coexisting school systems in the country: French, Spanish, and Andorran. The French government partially subsidizes education in Andorra’s French-language schools; schools in the southern section, near Spain, are supported by the church. The local language, Catalan, has been introduced at a school under the control of the Roman Catholic Church. 39% of Andorran children attend Andorran"
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"Czech Republic–Philippines relations Czech Republic–Philippines relations refer to foreign relations between the Czech Republic and the Philippines. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Manila and the Philippines has an embassy in Prague. The Philippines has signed the Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Culture, Education, Science and Sports in 2013. Deputy Prime Minister Schwarzenberg visited Manila as both countries prepare to commemorate the 40th anniversary of their formal bilateral relations in 2013. The Department of National Defense signed the establishment of Joint Defense Commission with the Czech Republic on May 26, 2014. The Czech Republic is the Philippines 24th largest export market and the 8th biggest in Europe with bilateral trade amounting to $300 million from January to November in the year 2011. Czech Republic–Philippines relations Czech Republic–Philippines relations refer to foreign relations between the Czech Republic and the Philippines. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Manila and the Philippines has an embassy in Prague. The Philippines has signed the Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Culture, Education, Science and Sports in 2013. Deputy Prime Minister Schwarzenberg visited Manila as both countries prepare to commemorate the 40th anniversary of their formal bilateral relations in 2013. The"
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"2004 Meistriliiga 2004 Meistriliiga was the 14th season of the Meistriliiga, Estonia's premier football league. Levadia won their third title. Levadia Tallinn won their third title with a six-point advantage over the runners-up TVMK Tallinn. Tammeka Tartu and Tervis Pärnu won promotion to the Meistriliiga as the Esiliiga champions and third placed team respectively, the runners-up Levadia Tallinn II were ineligible for promotion. Expansion of the league to ten teams from eight, for the upcoming season, also ensured that even the last placed Lootus Alutaguse had a chance to stay in the top flight, but were defeated by Esiliiga's fourth team Dünamo Tallinn, winning the away leg 2-1, but then losing at home 0-4 a week later. Tervis Pärnu were later denied the Meistriliiga license, sealing an unlikely promotion for the fifth-placed FC Kuressaare. <br> \"Tallinna Dünamo won 5-2 on aggregate and were promoted for the 2005 Meistriliiga. Alutaguse Lootus were relegated to the 2005 Esiliiga.\" 2004 Meistriliiga 2004 Meistriliiga was the 14th season of the Meistriliiga, Estonia's premier football league. Levadia won their third title. Levadia Tallinn won their third title with a six-point advantage over the runners-up TVMK Tallinn. Tammeka Tartu and Tervis Pärnu won promotion to the"
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"Patrick Zoundi Patrick Zoundi (born 19 July 1982) is a retired Burkinabé footballer. Zoundi began his career in the youth academy of Planète Champion. In the summer of 2000, he moved to Europe, joining the Belgian club KSC Lokeren. After five years in Belgium, he signed a contract with Ethnikos Asteras F.C. in Greece. After only one season with Ethnikos he signed for FC Asteras Tripolis, playing two seasons while playing 41 league matches and scoring seven goals. In July 2008, he signed with Panserraikos F.C. in the Greek Super League, before he signed a two-year contract with Fortuna Düsseldorf following a successful trial. He played as striker for Düsseldorf, but could also play in the right midfield or as a right winger. He then played for 1. FC Union Berlin before he moved to MSV Duisburg in 2013. He joined 1. FC Saarbrücken a year later. Zoundi was a member of the Burkinabé 2004 African Nations Cup team, who finished bottom of their group in the first round of competition, thus failing to secure qualification for the quarterfinals. He has played twelve caps for his country. and represented Burkina Faso at the 1999 FIFA U-17 World Championship in New Zealand. Patrick Zoundi Patrick Zoundi (born 19 July 1982) is a retired Burkinabé footballer. Zoundi began his career in the youth academy of Planète Champion. In the summer of 2000, he moved to Europe, joining the Belgian club KSC Lokeren. After five years in Belgium, he signed a contract with Ethnikos Asteras F.C. in Greece. After only one season with Ethnikos he signed for FC Asteras Tripolis, playing two seasons while playing 41 league matches and scoring seven goals. In July 2008, he signed with Panserraikos F.C. in the Greek Super League, before he signed a two-year contract with Fortuna"
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".NET Core .NET Core is a free and open-source managed computer software framework for the Windows, macOS and Linux operating systems. It consists of CoreCLR, a complete runtime implementation of CLR, the virtual machine that manages the execution of programs. CoreCLR comes with an improved just-in-time compiler, called RyuJIT. also includes CoreFX, which is a partial fork of FCL. While .NET Core shares a subset of .NET Framework APIs, it comes with its own API that is not part of .NET Framework. Further, .NET Core contains CoreRT, the .NET Native runtime optimized to be integrated into AOT compiled native binaries. A variant of the .NET Core library is used for UWP. 's command-line interface offers an execution entry point for operating systems and provides developer services like compilation and package management. .NET Core supports four cross-platform scenarios: ASP.NET Core web apps, command-line apps, libraries, and Universal Windows Platform apps. It does not currently implement Windows Forms or WPF which render the standard GUI for desktop software on Windows. Microsoft announced in 2018 that .NET Core 3 will support desktop technologies WinForms, WPF and UWP. supports use of NuGet packages. Unlike .NET Framework, which is serviced using Windows Update, .NET Core relies on its package manager to receive updates. .NET Core 1.0 was released on 27 June 2016, along with Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Update 3, which enables .NET Core development. NET Core 1.0.4 and .NET Core 1.1.1 were released along with .NET Core Tools 1.0 and Visual Studio 2017 on 7 March 2017. .NET Core 2.0 was released on 14 August 2017 along with Visual Studio 2017 15.3, ASP.NET Core 2.0, and Entity Framework Core 2.0. NET Core 2.1 was released on May 30, 2018. .NET Core 3 was announced on May 7, 2018 at Microsoft Build. A public preview was released on December 4, 2018. An official release is planned for 2019. With .NET Core 3 the framework will get support for development of desktop application software, artificial intelligence/machine learning and IoT apps. .Net Core fully Supports C# and F# and partially support Visual Basic.Net. Currently VB.NET compiles and runs on .Net Core, but the separate Visual Basic Runtime is not implemented. Microsoft announced that .NET Core 3 would include the Visual Basic Runtime. C++/CLI is not supported. .NET Core .NET Core is a free and open-source managed computer software framework for the Windows, macOS and Linux operating systems."
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"Lullaby (James Walsh album) Lullaby is the first solo album from James Walsh, the former lead singer of Starsailor. It was released on September 17, 2012 via iTunes in the UK. After Starsailor decided to take a hiatus, James teamed up with songwriter Sacha Skarbek to initially work on material for his debut solo album. During these sessions, Sacha introduced James to Philippa Smith, who was in the process of developing a film along with acclaimed Swedish director Ulf Johansson based on Lullaby (novel) by acclaimed US author Chuck Palahnuik. After they quickly put together a demo for the song \"Road Kill Jesus\", James and Sacha were approached to create an album of music inspired by the script and original source material. James and Sacha were then provided with song titles, music briefs and images by the production company and work on the album commenced at Abbey Road studios. Sacha covered the walls of the studio with images sent by Ulf Johansson designed to inspire the mood of the film. According to Entertainment Focus, the album contains: \"A beautiful collection of songs, recorded at Abbey Road studios, that showcase Walsh’s newfound maturity of sound which is at once both sophisticated and raw; perfectly complementing [James's] powerful voice and engaging the captivating themes of the [Lullaby] project.\" The lead single \"Start Again\" featured an accompanying music video, which was directed by Ulf Johansson and features James playing the part of \"Oyster\" and actress Natalie Press as \"Mona\" - characters taken from the script and original Lullaby (novel) book. The song was released as a digital download on July 30, 2012. Lullaby (James Walsh album) Lullaby is the first solo album from James Walsh, the former lead singer of Starsailor. It was released on September 17, 2012 via iTunes in the UK."
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"Roland (Piccinni) Roland is a tragédie lyrique in three acts by the composer Niccolò Piccinni. The opera was a new setting of a libretto written by Philippe Quinault for Jean-Baptiste Lully in 1685, specially adapted for Piccinni by Jean-François Marmontel and based on Ludovico Ariosto's epic poem \"Orlando Furioso\" (\"The Frenzy of Orlando\"). The opera was first performed on 27 January 1778 by the Académie Royale de Musique (Paris Opera) at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal. \"Roland\" was the first opera Piccinni wrote for Paris. He had been hired by the Académie royale de musique in 1776, in spite of his ignorance of the French language. Piccinni still knew no French when he was composing \"Roland\" and had to be helped all the way by his librettist Marmontel, who provided a translation of every word along with details on how to accentuate it correctly. Marmontel also helped Piccinni come to terms with the French style of opera, which was very different from the Italian. The French preferred short arias, accompanied recitative and plenty of dance movements. In spite of these obstacles, \"Roland\" was a great success at its premiere. \"Roland\" forms part of a late 18th-century vogue for resetting libretti Quinault had written for Lully, the first major French opera composer, almost one hundred years before. Another famous example is Gluck's \"Armide\" (1776). In fact, Gluck – who was regarded as Piccinni's rival in Paris – was said to have abandoned work on his own setting of \"Roland\" when he learnt of Piccinni's version. Piccinni went on to set another Quinault libretto, \"Atys\", in 1779. Marmontel's revised libretto adheres closely to Quinault's original. The major changes are the omission of the allegorical prologue and the reduction of Quinault's five acts to three. For an outline of the plot see \"Roland\" (Lully). Notes Sources Roland (Piccinni) Roland is a tragédie lyrique in three acts by the composer Niccolò Piccinni. The opera was a new setting of a libretto written by Philippe Quinault for Jean-Baptiste Lully in 1685, specially adapted for Piccinni by Jean-François Marmontel and based on Ludovico Ariosto's epic poem \"Orlando Furioso\" (\"The Frenzy of Orlando\"). The opera was first performed on 27 January 1778 by the Académie Royale de Musique (Paris Opera) at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal. \"Roland\" was the first opera Piccinni wrote for Paris. He had been hired by the Académie royale de musique in 1776, in spite"
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"Bill Schnebel William G. Schnebel (May 7, 1924 – December 9, 2002) was an American football coach. He was named the 1960 \"Little All-American Coach of the Year\" and NAIA coach of the year. He died in 2002. Schnebel's first head coaching job was at the College of Emporia in Emporia, Kansas. While head coach of the Fighting Presbies, he led his teams to a record of 61–21–1. They were named Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference champions three years (1959, 1962, and 1963), took second place in the conference twice (1956 and 1961), and third place in his final 1964 season at the college. Schnebel's team traveled to the Mineral Water Bowl in 1959 and defeated Austin 21–20. In 1962 C of E was ranked number 3 in the NAIA and lost in the semifinal game to Central State, 20–0. In 1963 C of E was ranked 2nd in the NAIA and lost in the semifinal game to Saint John's 54–0. After his term at the College of Emporia, Schnebel was named the head coach of the Northwestern Oklahoma State University football team in Alva, Oklahoma. Bill Schnebel William G. Schnebel (May 7, 1924 – December 9, 2002) was an American"
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"Jean-François Le Gall Jean-François Le Gall (born 15 November 1959) is a French mathematician working in areas of probability theory such as Brownian motion, Lévy processes, superprocesses and their connections with partial differential equations, the Brownian snake, random trees, branching processes, stochastic coalescence and random planar maps. He received his Ph.D. in 1982 under the supervision of Marc Yor. He is currently professor at the University of Paris-Sud in Orsay and is a senior member of the Institut universitaire de France. He was elected to French academy of sciences, December 2013. He was awarded the Rollo Davidson Prize in 1986, the Loève Prize in 1997, and the Fermat Prize in 2005. He was the thesis advisor of at least 11 students including Wendelin Werner. Jean-François Le Gall Jean-François Le Gall (born 15 November 1959) is a French mathematician working in areas of probability theory such as Brownian motion, Lévy processes, superprocesses and their connections with partial differential equations, the Brownian snake, random trees, branching processes, stochastic coalescence and random planar maps. He received his Ph.D. in 1982 under the supervision of Marc Yor. He is currently professor at the University of Paris-Sud in Orsay and is a senior member of"
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"Joe Pantorno Joe Pantorno (born 10 December 1991) is an American sportswriter, journalist, editor, and analyst. He serves as the sports editor for \"Metro New York\" newspaper in Manhattan, New York. Pantorno formerly held positions with \"Newsday\", the \"New York Post\", and \"Bleacher Report.\" Growing up in North Massapequa, New York, Pantorno attended Farmingdale High School before completing his Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Journalism from Hofstra University. He was elected editor-in-chief of the school's student-run, independent newspaper, The Hofstra Chronicle. Before graduating from Hofstra University, Pantorno interned in the sports departments at the \"New York Post\" and \"Newsday\". Upon his departure from the school, he joined the Sports Xchange as a beat reporter for the Brooklyn Nets during the 2013-14 season where his work was featured on Yahoo! Sports. During his tenure with TSX, Pantorno also worked in covering the New York Knicks, New York Mets, New York Yankees, and New York Islanders. In 2015, Pantorno was hired as a Breaking News Reporter at \"Bleacher Report\". In March 2017, Pantorno joined \"Metro New York\" as their sports editor. Joe Pantorno Joe Pantorno (born 10 December 1991) is an American sportswriter, journalist, editor, and analyst. He serves as the sports"
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"Mauvin Godinho Mauvin Godinho is an Indian Politician from the state of Goa. He is a five term member of the Goa Legislative Assembly. He was a senior member of the Indian National Congress. On 13 December 2016, he left the INC to join the rival Bharatiya Janata Party. He represents the Dabolim constituency in 2012 and from 1994-2012 he represented the Cortalim constituency. He won 2017 election with 7234 votes and got elected again as MLA of Dabolim Constituency. He was inducted as Cabinet Minister on 12 April 2017 and later became the Panchayat Minister after getting the Panchayat portfolio in BJP Government. Mauvin Godinho Mauvin Godinho is an Indian Politician from the state of Goa. He is a five term member of the Goa Legislative Assembly. He was a senior member of the Indian National Congress. On 13 December 2016, he left the INC to join the rival Bharatiya Janata Party. He represents the Dabolim constituency in 2012 and from 1994-2012 he represented the Cortalim constituency. He won 2017 election with 7234 votes and got elected again as MLA of Dabolim Constituency. He was inducted as Cabinet Minister on 12 April 2017 and later became the Panchayat Minister"
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"Cedar Springs, Michigan Cedar Springs is a city in Kent County in the state of Michigan, 20 minutes north of Grand Rapids. The population was 3,509 at the 2010 census. Established as a lumber town in 1856, Cedar Springs boasted numerous lumber and shingle mills. The town was the northern terminus of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad for two years and also was the crossing point for the east to west running Toledo, Saginaw and Muskegon Railway, which became the Grand Trunk Western Railroad, which was built through the town in 1888. The community was named for the fine springs bordered by a cedar grove. Taxes in Cedar Springs have remained steady at a millage rate of $15 per $1,000. Cedar Springs has a small retail business district and a burgeoning industrial base. The community has vast possibilities for future growth. Significant industry and business have been attracted to the Cedar Springs area, including Display Pack and various precision tool and die companies. The downtown has a variety of businesses including restaurants, hair salons, car dealerships, banks, among others. The city is home to Cedar Springs Public Schools, a public school district which encompasses and serves the city and portions of Kent, Montcalm and Newaygo Counties. Cedar Springs Public Schools has a current enrollment of 2,768 students located on a single 100 acre (400,000 m²) campus near downtown Cedar Springs. The school system is currently completing a $27 million building and renovation project. Cedar Springs High School has North Central Accreditation. The city is home to two high schools and several primary/middle schools: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, of it is land and is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,509 people, 1,215 households, and 887 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 1,307 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 94.3% White, 0.8% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population. There were 1,215 households of which 47.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 21.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.0% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.23. The median age in the city was 29.6 years. 32.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.2% were from 25 to 44; 19.2% were from 45 to 64; and 9.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.1% male and 52.9% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,112 people, 1,115 households, and 774 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,701.9 per square mile (656.6/km²). There were 1,175 housing units at an average density of 642.6 per square mile (247.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.85% White, 0.29% African American, 0.74% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 1.19% from other races, and 1.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.82% of the population. The ancestries of the city are 24% German, 14.2% American, 13.7% Dutch, 9.8% Irish, 9.5% English, and 7.4% Polish. There were 1,115 households out of which 40.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.17. In the city, the population was spread out with 31.3% under the age of 18, 11.6% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 15.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.6 years (below state average). For every 100 females, there are 89.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $39,542, and the median income for a family was $42,250. Males had a median income of $37,708 versus $23,056 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,040. About 12.4% of families and 13.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over. Cedar Springs, Michigan Cedar Springs is a city in Kent County in the state of Michigan, 20 minutes north of Grand Rapids. The population was 3,509 at the 2010 census. Established as a lumber town in 1856, Cedar Springs boasted numerous lumber and shingle mills. The town was the northern terminus of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad for two years and also was the crossing point for the east to west running Toledo, Saginaw and Muskegon Railway, which became the Grand Trunk Western Railroad,"
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"Battle of Cape Corvo The Battle of Cape Corvo was a naval engagement of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars fought as part of the struggle for the control of the Mediterranean. It took place in August 1613 near the island of Samos when a Spanish squadron from Sicily, under Admiral Ottavio d'Aragona, engaged an Ottoman fleet led by Sinari Pasha. The Spanish were victorious and captured seven galleys and about 600 prisoners, among them the Bey of Alexandria and another 60 important Ottoman nobles. Cape Corvo was the first major victory of the Spanish fleets under Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna, the Spanish Viceroy of Sicily, as well as the greatest Spanish victory over the Ottoman Empire since the Battle of Lepanto. When Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna, was appointed Viceroy of Sicily in 1610, his main goal after the elimination of the widespread banditry on the island became the reconstruction of its naval forces. Upon his arrival, the Spanish squadron of Sicily had no seaworthy galleys, and the population feared an Ottoman attack. By July 1612, eight galleys and several sailing vessels had been built following Osuna's instructions, the latter being assigned to transport tasks. Osuna trusted the command of this small force to the Palermitan Ottavio d'Aragona, his favourite naval commander. D'Aragona carried out some raids in Ottoman territory, attacking by surprise La Goulette and Cherchell. Don Antonio Pimentel burnt seven sailing ships led by an English renegade in the port of Tunis that same year. The major engagement, as well as Osuna's biggest victory of 1612, was the rejection in August of a huge Ottoman fleet which tried to capture Messina. Two galleys and three galliots were captured, and a prize coming from Cartagena was recovered. The Ottoman landing parties, isolated from their ships, surrendered to the Spanish cavalry or attempted to escape inland. In mid-1613, d'Aragona landed 200 musketeers, 50 arquebusiers and 100 pikemen in Chicheri, where they stormed and demolished an Ottoman castle resulting in the deaths of over 800 Turks. Upon d'Aragona's return, Osuna ordered him to prepare a campaign to face the Ottoman fleet in its own waters. The Viceroy had been warned of the departure of a large fleet from Constantinople, and although his informers did not notice the preparation of any attack against the island, he preferred to make sure of it. D'Aragona's galleys were reinforced, each one with 100 muskets, 50 spontoons, 20 bucklers and 150 chuzos in case it was necessary to arm the rowers to help the galley's soldiers to fight the Ottomans. Osuna's flagship, meanwhile, was reinforced with 160 musketeers and seven cannons. According to the Viceroy's spies, the Ottoman fleet was composed of 12 galleys under Mahomet Pasha, a lieutenant of Nasauf Pasha, who remained in Constantinople to consult with Sultan Ahmed I about issues concerning the war with Persia. Ottavio d'Aragona set sail to the Aegean Sea in command of his eight galleys. South of Samos, the Spanish Admiral was informed by Greek fishermen of the presence of 10 Ottoman galleys under Sinari Pasha in the surrounding area. The squadron crossed the Mycale Strait thanks to the help of an able Greek and arrived off Cape Corvo, where the Ottoman fleet was anchored: it was positioned with two galleys in the vanguard, two forming the main battle group, and three in the rear-guard. D'Aragona, having been warned of the presence of Sinari Pasha's vessels by a felucca previously detached ahead his fleet, ordered the attack, and followed by his squadron, approached the Ottoman formation and rammed its flagship. After three hours of combat, Sinari Pasha surrendered his galley, and was followed by his second-in-command and five other galleys. The remaining three managed to escape. About 400 Ottoman soldiers and sailors were killed, and another 600 captured. Among the most prominent prisoners were Sinari Pasha, who died of sorrow shortly after, and Mahamet, Bey of Alexandria and son of Müezzinzade Ali Pasha, who had commanded the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto. Moreover, 1,200 Christian galley slaves were freed. The casualties on the Spanish side had been low and consisted of six men killed and 30 wounded. They soon returned to Sicily with their seven prizes, which were incorporated to their fleet at their arrival at Messina. Another prize was taken during the cruise: a brigantine crewed by 17 Turks. The whole fleet, however, was nearly lost in a storm off Cape Solanto, 10 leagues of Messina, but all ships managed to enter the port with the help of about 70 barges. On 27 September Osuna organized a triumphal procession in Palermo to honour Ottavio d'Aragona. The Spanish Viceroy, d'Aragona, Cardinal Doria, the captains and knights of the galleys, the freed slaves, the 600 Ottoman prisoners and the 900 soldiers which had participated in the battle, marched through the streets of the city; Osuna's pennant and the captured flags opening the march. The recovery of the Sicilian squadron continued the following years, achieving its most important victories at the battles of Cape Celidonia and Ragusa under Francisco de Rivera y Medina, one of Spain's most able naval commanders of the time. Battle of Cape Corvo The Battle of Cape Corvo was a naval engagement of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars fought as part of the struggle for the control of the Mediterranean. It took place in August 1613 near the island of Samos when a Spanish squadron"
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"Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels (22 October 1770 in Braunfels – 13 April 1814 in Slawentzitz) was a Prussian Major General. He was the fourth son of Ferdinand William Ernest, 2nd Prince of Solms-Braunfels (1721–1783) and Countess Sophie Christine Wilhelmine of Solms-Laubach (1741–1772). He became known mainly through his marriage to Princess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was the widow of Prince Louis Charles of Prussia (1773–1796). When she became pregnant in 1798, he married her in order to avoid a scandal. The daughter died soon after birth. Frederick William was alleged to have been strongly inclined to consume alcohol and had to quit military service in 1805 for health reasons. He also lost his income and even his brother advised Frederica to divorce. She was initially against it, but when in 1813, she met Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover (1771–1851), she, too, wanted the divorce. Before they got around to it, however, Frederick William died, in 1814 in Sławięcice. From his marriage to Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the following children are known: Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels (22 October 1770 in Braunfels – 13 April 1814 in Slawentzitz) was a Prussian"
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"Berkeley Township School District The Berkeley Township School District is a community public school district that is responsible for the education of children in pre-kindergarten through sixth grade from Berkeley Township, in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2013-14 school year, the district's four schools had an enrollment of 2,107 students and 171.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.3:1. The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group \"B\", the second-lowest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J. Students in public school for seventh through twelfth grades attend the schools of the Central Regional School District, which serves students from the municipalities of Berkeley Township, Island Heights, Ocean Gate, Seaside Heights and Seaside Park.. Schools in the district (with 2014-15 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics) are Central Regional Middle School for grades 7 and 8 (669 students) and Central Regional High School for grades 9 - 12 (1,333 students). Schools in the district (with 2013-14 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics) are: Core members of the district's administration are: Berkeley Township School District The Berkeley Township School District is a community public school district that is responsible for the education of children in pre-kindergarten through sixth grade from Berkeley Township, in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2013-14 school year, the district's four schools had an enrollment of 2,107 students and 171.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.3:1. The district is classified by the New Jersey"
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"Gaspar de Santa Coloma Gaspar de Santa Coloma y Sollano (January 6, 1742January 31, 1815) was a Spanish merchant prominent in the economic and cultural development of colonial Argentina. Gaspar de Santa Coloma was born in \"Casería de la Campa\" (today, Campijo), a town in the Álava Region of the Basque Country, Spain. He arrived at the Río de la Plata in 1768, and in 1781 he married Flora de Azcuénaga y Basavilbaso, daughter of Vicente de Azcuénaga and granddaughter of Domingo de Basavilbaso, all of Basque origin. Gaspar de Santa Coloma was one of the most important merchants in colonial Buenos Aires. However, his most important work, probably unique in the Americas, it is made by the register of his letters and memories. A very interesting description of the work, life and views of Gaspar de Santa Coloma can be found in “Buenos Aires Colonial”, by the Argentine historian Enrique de Gandía, book based entirely in Gaspar´s memories. These memories were made available to Gandía by María Antonia Goycoechea Santa Coloma, granddaughter of Francisco de Santa Coloma y Azcuénaga; she was married to Federico Santa Coloma Brandsen (descendant of Coronel Brandsen; see Federico de Brandsen). María Antonia was descendant from the family branch founded in Argentina by Gaspar de Santa Coloma y Sollano, and Federico Santa Coloma from the branch founded by Tomás de Santa Coloma y Loizaga, both originated in Arceniega. In Gaspar’s memoirs, important details regarding the life in the colonial Buenos Aires can be found. Also regarding the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, the important role of Martín de Álzaga in that events, and also some references of the May Revolution, histories very well compiled and related in “Buenos Aires Colonial” by Enrique de Gandía. María Antonia later gave these memoirs (14 books) to Enrique Williams Álzaga (Argentine historian, descendant of Martín de Álzaga), who later donated them to the Argentine National Museum of History. Gaspar de Santa Coloma was married to Flora de Azcuénaga y Basavilbaso. Although there are no known descendants of these Azcuénaga, their legacy survived in the Presidential Residence (Quinta de Olivos), as well as in the two columns of the “Quinta San Antonio”, at the Vicente López Partido train station, in the Province of Buenos Aires; they survived the passage of time possibly because these two columns were located between the railway and the street, away from development. The history of the Quinta de Olivos Presidential Residence has been published under the sponsorship of the Vicente López County. Vicente de Azcuénaga and Manuel de Basavilbaso had two farms aside in what today is Vicente López, as can be seen in the map made by José Custodio de Saa y Faria. In June 1794 Miguel de Basavilbaso died, leaving only debts and a single daughter, Justa Rufina de Basavilbaso y Garfias, that was then protected by Gaspar de Santa Coloma. Soon, by influence of Gaspar, Justa Rufina married her cousin Miguel de Azcuénaga, brother of Flora de Azcuénaga and brother in law of Gaspar de Santa Coloma. The farm of Manuel de Basavilbaso was inherited by Justa Rufina (it ultimately became the Quinta de Olivos, in 1918). The farm of Vicente de Azcuénaga was inherited by Flora de Azcuénaga and gave origin to the Quinta San Antonio of Vicente López, between the streets Roca and San Martín, today gone, and only survived the two columns already mentioned, that belong to the entrance, and that are located at the end of the train station of Vicente López, in the way towards San Isidro. Apparently, the land belonged originally to Juan José de Vértiz y Salcedo. From the Azcuénaga nothing was inherited by the last generations of the Santa Coloma's, except an old umbrella, enough broken, perhaps forgotten in San Antonio in a rainy day, that can certify that in those times of May Revolution the umbrellas actually exist, something that time to time was questioned; it even has a very sophisticated mechanism with springs. In its ivory grip can be read \"M. Azcuénaga de O.F\", since it belonged to Manuela Azcuénaga, daughter of Miguel de Azcuénaga, married with her brother cousin, Jose Antonio de Olaguer Feliú y Azcuénaga, son of Ana de Azcuénaga and the Viceroy Olaguer Feliú. Manuela was the only one of four brothers with descendants. The son of Miguel de Azcuénaga, Miguel José, commissioned the present building of what is today the Presidential Residence in Olivos, Buenos Aires Province, in 1851. This building was the first work of Prilidiano Pueyrredón as an architect (he was better known for his oil paintaings). Miguel died old and without children, in Chile, and made a will in favour of his nephews the Olaguer Feliú Azcuénaga. Then, Antonio Justo Olaguer Feliú inherited the Quinta. He did not have descendants, reason why in 1903 inherited the Quinta its nephew, Carlos Villatte Olaguer; Villatte Olaguer ultimately donated it to the National State, with the condition to be always a residence for the President of Argentina. Gaspar de Santa Coloma, besides lodge and educate several nephews, he did the same with a great protagonist of our history, Martín de Álzaga, hero of the fight against the English invasions. Álzaga was sent to work and to be educated with Gaspar from very young. It was only 12 years old when he arrived from the Basque country, knowing only a few words of Castilian (he spoke only Basque language). There are not references on the reasons by which he was sent so young to Gaspar. But it was common at that time to send a boy to learn some office. The merchants usually choose some young boys for training, that in the future could be a prospective sun in law, and teach them the merchant practice. Regarding Martin, it is only known that his uncle was the Captain of the ship that brought him, who probably made the adjustments with Gaspar, and it is also known that the economic situation of the Álzaga in the Basque country was not good; there are no many more data. Perhaps to send Martin to Gaspar as merchant apprentice was a solution for the future of the young Martin, as indeed it was. In fact, the life of these two Basques is full of mysteries, from the intrigue in the Royal Palace of Spain that forced the emigration of Gaspar de Santa Coloma to the Río de la Plata, for which nobody was fearless enough to give details and therefore are lost forever, until the idea of Álzaga to restore a monarchy. Gaspar of Santa Coloma wrote in its memories, regarding the English invasions and the participation of Álzaga against them: Ah Cabildo of Buenos Aires! Ah, don Martín de Álzaga, Mayor of First Vote, how much that night it was worked, how everything was arranged so that our enemies did not enter! Álzaga remained with Gaspar from the age of 12 to 22, when he became independent, and with Gaspar’s help (5000 pesos), established his own commerce -Álzaga and Requena. According to Gaspar himself, Martín was much more efficient as a merchant. Martín de Álzaga had indeed a very important participation in the commerce of the Virreinato, arriving to be one of the richest men of that time. Martín de Álzaga, as Spaniard and rich, was not well seen by the Mayo revolutionaries. He managed to save his life in one first opportunity at 1809, because it had a right trial, where Gaspar of Santa Coloma declared in his favour. Nevertheless, two years later, on July 4, 1812, Martín was again detained probably under false accusations and witnesses, and was shot that same day. He was order to die without a trial and without a lawyer, by the First Triumvirate (Argentina), formed by Manuel de Sarratea, Feliciano Chiclana and Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, who in that year replaced the former member Juan José Paso. Bernardino Rivadavia was Secretary of war of this Triumvirate, and was actively involved in his sentence to death. Gaspar of Santa Coloma, on the other hand, could save his life, at the cost of its fortune, destroyed due to the continuous withdraw from the",
"He managed to save his life in one first opportunity at 1809, because it had a right trial, where Gaspar of Santa Coloma declared in his favour. Nevertheless, two years later, on July 4, 1812, Martín was again detained probably under false accusations and witnesses, and was shot that same day. He was order to die without a trial and without a lawyer, by the First Triumvirate (Argentina), formed by Manuel de Sarratea, Feliciano Chiclana and Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, who in that year replaced the former member Juan José Paso. Bernardino Rivadavia was Secretary of war of this Triumvirate, and was actively involved in his sentence to death. Gaspar of Santa Coloma, on the other hand, could save his life, at the cost of its fortune, destroyed due to the continuous withdraw from the revolutionaries. Also, and most likely, because his brother in law was Miguel de Azcuénaga, a member of the Primera Junta with strong influence among the revolutionaries. We will never know with certainty the details of which it happened, since little they left writing from fear of retaliation. Without a doubt, someone powerful as Álzaga was a threat for the Triumvirate. For that reason they did not leave any margin for defence or appeal, and was shot immediately. Only Gaspar de Santa Coloma, and his friend José Martinez de Hoz, dared to accompany his rest. Gaspar educated Álzaga, as well as prominent journalist and writer Esteban Echeverría, and several nephews, among them Juan Antonio of Santa Coloma. Gaspar was also in charge of all the members of the Azcuénaga family, including Miguel de Azcuénaga, who had been orphaned from very young. He did likewise with his family in Spain and helped his neighbors in Arceniega. He donated in its testament 60,000 reales to its nephew Vítores Gutiérrez Santa Coloma (about 100 pays of teacher of that time). Vítores lived in Arceniega, in Casería de la Campa (today Campijo), where Gaspar was born. Gaspar had ordered to Vítores the construction of a school, the repair of a Church and the maintenance of a teacher, Juan Antonio de Palacio. Vítores fulfilled the order of Gaspar so well, that the teacher Palacio continued receiving its pay after 1880, that is to say, more than 65 years after the death of Gaspar; its pay had increased of 700 reales to 1500 reales during that lapse. Towards 1880, apparently the teacher lost the memory and nobody knew in Arceniega or in the government of Álava, from where the legacy came. It is not know either what happened finally with the goods of Gaspar in Arceniega. Another important branch of the Santa Coloma’s in Argentina was originated in Vítores Gutiérrez Santa Coloma, that began with its son Juan Domingo Julian Gutiérrez Santa Coloma, nephew grandson of Gaspar of Santa Coloma. After the May Revolution of 1810 (the origin of the Independence of Argentina from Spain) Gaspar lost his power and properties; his fortune was taken by the government in many opportunities. After being one of the most influent, powerful and reach personages of that time, he died on January 31, 1815, leaving a few properties to his wife Flora and his only son Francisco. Gaspar de Santa Coloma and Flora de Azcuénaga had four children, but only Francisco de Santa Coloma y Azcuénaga survived and had descendants. His son Francisco de Asís de Santa Coloma y Azcuénaga was married with Rosa Pascuala de Azcuénaga y Núñez (brother cousin) and had to Francisco de Santa Coloma Azcuénaga (born in San Isidro, 1818), married in Buenos Aires in 1851 to Antonia Armesto y Avellaneda. Gaspar de Santa Coloma Gaspar de Santa Coloma y Sollano (January 6, 1742January 31, 1815) was a Spanish merchant prominent in the economic and cultural development of colonial Argentina. Gaspar de Santa Coloma was born in \"Casería de la Campa\" (today, Campijo), a town in the Álava Region of the Basque Country, Spain. He arrived at the Río de la Plata in 1768, and in 1781 he married Flora de Azcuénaga y Basavilbaso, daughter of Vicente"
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"Edward Amy Brigadier-General Edward Alfred Charles \"Ned\" Amy, DSO, CD (March 28, 1918 – February 2, 2011) was a Canadian soldier who fought in World War II. He is one of Canada's most decorated soldiers. He died on February 2, 2011, in the Camp Hill hospital, Halifax, aged 92. Edward Amy graduated from the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario in 1939, student # 2510. Amy served as a tank commander. He commanded A Squadron of the 14th Armoured Regiment (The Calgary Regiment), in Italy, where he won the Military Cross for his \"determined and gallant leadership in taking and holding a vital bridgehead over the Moro River\" with his Sherman tanks in December, 1943. He was a recipient of the Distinguished Service Order, an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, and recipient of the Military Cross, the Canadian Forces Decoration and the American Bronze Star. Amy arrived in Normandy, France on July 26, 1944, seven weeks after D-Day as a major. He commanded a troop of the 22nd Armoured Regiment (The Canadian Grenadier Guards) in the fight for Grentheville three days later. During the next five weeks, he participated in all the battles that led to the liberation of Normandy. His regiment was awarded four distinctions for its action in the Battle of Falaise. He led an attack against Kurt Meyer's 12th SS Panzer Division that resulted in the liberation of Cintheaux and Bretteville. From August 14 to 17, 1944, his unit was committed to the battle of Rouves, where his tank was destroyed. He took part in the fights of Falaise against elements of the 3rd SS Panzer Division and the 2nd SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment. After the Battle of Normandy, his unit went into action on the Seine and Somme Rivers, liberating many towns and villages and taking many German prisoners. In the closing months of the war, he fought in Belgium and Germany, where he was wounded. After the war, he remained in the Canadian Forces and retired as a brigadier-general in 1972. On July 18, 2007, he was awarded the Légion d'honneur, France's highest distinction. The citation, stated that he \"demonstrated outstanding bravery in France during the fiercest battles of World War II.\" He lived at Indian Point, Lunenburg County then in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He was an advocate for the reactivation of the Halifax Rifles (RCAC) as a reconnaissance unit, a project which was successfully completed in 2009. On November 14, 2007, Wilfred Moore, a Canadian senator, congratulated him, thanked him and those who served under his command for their service to Canada. The Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia, Mayann Francis, presented the Royal United Services Institute of Nova Scotia SAC Award to BGen Ned Amy on 7 November 2007. On February 10, 2011, Wilfred P. Moore, a Canadian senator gave a tribute in the Senate to the late Brigadier-General Edward \"Ned\" Amy, DSO, CD. Edward Amy Brigadier-General Edward Alfred Charles \"Ned\" Amy, DSO, CD (March 28, 1918 – February"
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"Carrick, Cornwall Carrick () was a local government district in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Its council was based in Truro. The main centres of population, industry and commerce were the city of Truro and the towns of Falmouth/Penryn. The district was created under the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 by the merger of the municipal boroughs of Truro, Falmouth and Penryn, and the Truro Rural District. It was named after the Carrick Roads, an inlet near Falmouth that the rivers Percuil, Penryn and Fal drain into. The district was abolished as part of the 2009 structural changes to local government in England on 1 April. Carrick comprises the following 27 parishes Carrick, Cornwall Carrick () was a local government district in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Its council was based in Truro. The main centres of population, industry and commerce were the city of Truro and the towns of Falmouth/Penryn. The district was created under the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 by the merger of the municipal boroughs of Truro, Falmouth and Penryn, and the Truro Rural District. It was named after the Carrick Roads, an inlet near Falmouth that the rivers Percuil, Penryn and"
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"Foreign aid to Ethiopia After World War II, Ethiopia began to receive economic development aid from the more affluent Western countries. Originally the United Kingdom was the primary source of this aid, but they withdrew in 1952, to be replaced by the United States. Between 1950 and 1970, one source estimated that Ethiopia received almost US$600 million in aid, $211.9 million from the US, $100 million from the Soviet Union and $121 million from the World Bank. Sweden trained the Imperial Bodyguard and India at one point contributed the majority of foreign-born schoolteachers in the Ethiopian educational system. This aid dried up under the military regime that followed the Ethiopian revolution, except for food aid during the mid-1980s. While the Soviet Union provided extensive amounts of aid, either directly or through its allies like East Germany and North Yemen, this was predominantly in the form of either military aid, or ideological education; these ended with the close of the Cold War. Large aid inflows resumed in the early 1990s aimed at reconstruction and political stabilization but declined during the war with Eritrea. The post-2000 period, however, has seen a resumption of large disbursements of grants and loans from the United States, the European Union, individual European nations, Japan, the People's Republic of China, the World Bank, and the African Development Bank. These funds totaled US$1.6 billion in 2001. In 2001 Ethiopia qualified for the World Bank-International Monetary Fund-sponsored Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt reduction program, which is designed to reduce or eliminate repayment of bilateral loans from wealthy countries and international lenders such as the World Bank. In Ethiopia’s case, the program aims to help stabilize the country’s balance of payments and to free up funds for economic development. A noteworthy advance toward these goals came in 1999, when the successor states to the former Soviet Union, including Russia, cancelled US$5 billion in debt contracted by the Derg, a step that cut Ethiopia’s external debt in half. HIPC relief is expected to total almost US$2 billion. In November 2007 the magazine \"The Economist\" reported that there was tangible evidence that the foreign aid given to Ethiopia reaches the people it is meant to, based on a visit to the south of the country. Roads, schools and water systems are being built and \"there are few complaints about corruption, a fact that continues to make Ethiopia popular with foreign donors\". However, the article also notes that, despite almost a decade of well-intentioned development policies, Ethiopians remain mired in the most wretched poverty. In March 2010, the BBC claimed that it had evidence that millions of dollars earmarked for victims of the Ethiopian famine of 1984–85 went to buy weapons. Rebel soldiers apparently diverting the funding to their organisation in an attempt to overthrow the government. Their data were confirmed by participants and eye-witnesses of the time. However, following a complaint from the Band Aid Trust, the Editorial Complaints Unit of the BBC carried out \"an investigation\" and concluded that the reporting had no evidence to support it, and the BBC apologized to the Trust for the \"misleading and unfair representation it created\". . Foreign aid to Ethiopia After World War II, Ethiopia began to receive economic development aid from the more affluent Western countries. Originally the United Kingdom was the primary source of this aid, but they withdrew in 1952, to be replaced by the United States. Between 1950 and 1970, one source estimated that Ethiopia received almost US$600 million in aid, $211.9 million from the US, $100 million from the Soviet Union and $121 million from the World Bank."
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"Hold Me Down Hold Me Down is the second studio album by English rock band You Me at Six, released on January 11, 2010 through Virgin Records as the follow-up to 2008's \"Take Off Your Colours\". It is the band's first release on the major label Virgin Records. Like their debut album, the album was once again produced and engineered by John Mitchell and Matt O'Grady. \"The Consequence\" was made available for free digital download before the first single, \"Underdog\" preceded the album's release. Despite receiving mixed reviews, \"Hold Me Down\" was a commercial success and debuted at No. 5 on the UK Albums Chart and is certified Gold in the UK for 100,000 shipments of copies. You Me at Six's debut album \"Take Off Your Colours\" was released in October 2008, produced by Matt O'Grady and John Mitchell. In April 2009, \"Rock Sound\" reported that the group were recording new tracks with Mitchell. Mitchell and O'Grady returned to produce the group's next album. O'Grady also acted as engineer, while Mitchell mixed the recordings. Bob Ludwig mastered the album at Gateway Mastering. Franceschi said the band made an album that \"sounded really big on [a] CD\". He also stated that recording took around 6–7 weeks, as opposed to the 2 weeks for \"Take Off Your Colours\". The album also features guest vocals from Aled Phillips of Kids in Glass Houses on \"There's No Such Thing as Accidental Infidelity\" and Sean Smith of The Blackout on \"The Consequence\". Prior to release the band stated they were very happy that the album \"reflects our growth as people and musicians\". According to Franceschi, the band \"developed our sound a lot\" and built upon all of the \"things we thought were good from \"Take Off Your Colours\"\". They spent more time writing material, which Franceschi said was \"really important, the album like forming the way it did. I think it’s definitely a step in the right direction for our band\". Before working on the album, he had broken up with his girlfriend and wanted to avoid writing about that situation. Instead, he focused on the previous year of his life and problems that he had with the music industry. On 11 November 2009, \"Hold Me Down\" was announced for release in January 2010. In addition, the album's track listing was revealed. On 25 November, \"The Consequence\" was released as a free download. In December, the group supported Paramore on their headlining UK tour. \"Underdog\" premiered on Nick Grimshaw's BBC Radio 1 show on 17 December. The following day, a music video was released for \"The Consequence\". \"Underdog\" was posted on the band's Myspace page on 27 December. A music video was released for the track on 4 January 2010. \"Hold Me Down\" was released on 11 January through Virgin Records. \"Underdog\" was released as a single, with \"Fact-Tastic\" and an acoustic version of \"Underdog\" as additional tracks, on 5 February. In February and March, the band performed at the Soundwave festival in Australia. In March, the group went on a headlining UK tour. On 16 March, the album was released in the US. A music video was released for \"Liquid Confidence\" on 19 March. The track was released as an EP, with live versions of \"The Consequence\" and \"Kiss and Tell\" recorded at Wembley Arena as additional tracks, on 16 April. In May, the band performed at BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend. The group supported Bring Me the Horizon for two shows in the US, before embarking on the Warped Tour between late June and early August. A music video was released for \"Stay with Me\" on 21 July. In August, the band performed on the main stage at the Reading and Leeds Festivals. \"Stay with Me\" was released as a single, with a cover of Ellie Goulding's \"Starry Eyed\" and an acoustic version of \"Stay with Me\" as additional tracks, on 3 September. The band then went on tours of New Zealand, Australia and Japan. In December, the group went on a headlining UK tour with support from The Blackout, Set Your Goals and Canterbury. Due to weather issues, two of shows were rescheduled for January 2011. The group then added two extra shows around these rescheduled date. After selling over 10,000 copies, the album reached number four in the midweek chart, before eventually charting at number five in the UK chart. It was certified Silver by the British Phonographic Industry in March 2010 and Gold in March 2012. It had sold over 60,000 copies by May 2011. \"Liquid Confidence\" and \"Hold Me Down\" were nominated at the Kerrang! Awards for Best Single and Best Album respectively. Out of the two, \"Liquid Confidence\" won Best Single. \"Hold Me Down\" received mixed reviews from music critics upon its release, ranging from high praise to criticism in equal measure. Tim Newbound reviewed the album in \"Rock Sound\" and was largely favorable. He made comparisons with New Found Glory's self-titled album; \"the album boasts a glorious sense of youthful exuberance, arguably only bettered by their US peers New Found Glory's 2000 self-titled effort... These boys are far from copycats though. There are way too many melodic rock/pop-punk bands in the world who are happy to ride on the coattails of others; throughout \"Hold Me Down\", You Me at Six have instead pushed themselves to create a record that will delight existing fans and should rightfully attract many more\". \"Kerrang!\" magazine were also favourable. David McLaughlin stated that \"this time around You Me at Six have spiked the mix and created a cocktail so sweetly addictive that the faithful might just have to get used to sharing this band with many more\". He also complimented the band's progression by adding, \"It's not so much that the songs themselves that impress, but rather how much it shows this band are growing\". Joe Barton of \"The Skinny\" was less favourable however. He lamented, \"any of the dozen tracks of \"Hold Me Down\", despite being flawlessly executed, could just as easily have been knocked out by teen-adored Hoobastank or Taking Back Sunday. That being said, this kind of music has a rabid audience. If they’d only been a few years older, though, they would have the Arctic Monkeys to idolise... you can’t help feeling these kids have been short-changed\". More unfavorable reviews also followed from British newspapers; Simon Price of \"The Independent\" bemoaned, \"From the action-packed band name to the obligatory long song titles, from the witless blare of the vocals to the compressed blandness of the guitar sound, this is bog-standard emo ordinaire\". Kitty Empire of \"The Observer\" criticized the album's lack of originality; \"Polished, punchy \"Hold Me Down\" is their second album, replete with bouncy dramas about loyalty, betrayal and other perils of young love. Its sole insight is contained in the song title 'There's No Such Thing As Accidental Infidelity'; not even the most fine-meshed musical sieve could unearth any originality here\". BBC critic Raziq Rauf gave a mixed review, but was ultimately disappointed with \"Hold Me Down\". He summarised his article by stating the album was, \"simply a carefully polished and highly competent, nearly retrospective collection of pop-rock songs from a band that, even at a young age, has nothing to say that hasn't been said by others before them (and, unarguably, said better). As 'Fireworks' closes the album, Franceschi moans about a girl who blew her chance; you can’t help but think You Me At Six, in such a privileged position, have done the same\". Davey Boy of Sputnikmusic was more favorable. Despite criticizing an \"Americanised\" sound, the review offered praise to the band's progression; \"Josh Franceschi’s vocals have clearly improved from the occasionally whiny attributes of his past, while the music on show has a much fuller sound. Thankfully, the better songs still have a multitude of hooks to keep you singing along and there is nothing downright awful included. It is just hoped that next time around, these strengths can be coupled with greater imagination and ambition\". Arwa Haider of \"Metro\" stated that while the band have \"stuck",
"said better). As 'Fireworks' closes the album, Franceschi moans about a girl who blew her chance; you can’t help but think You Me At Six, in such a privileged position, have done the same\". Davey Boy of Sputnikmusic was more favorable. Despite criticizing an \"Americanised\" sound, the review offered praise to the band's progression; \"Josh Franceschi’s vocals have clearly improved from the occasionally whiny attributes of his past, while the music on show has a much fuller sound. Thankfully, the better songs still have a multitude of hooks to keep you singing along and there is nothing downright awful included. It is just hoped that next time around, these strengths can be coupled with greater imagination and ambition\". Arwa Haider of \"Metro\" stated that while the band have \"stuck to a formula\", she praised the \"assured performances\". She wrote, \"Admittedly, their angry outbursts (Safer To Hate Her) and cod-American drawling stick to a well-worn formula but it’s one spiced up with ample punch, pop and prettiness\". Ben Brady, journalist for In the News complimented the album's direction; \"Debut offering \"Take Off Your Colours\" was a good album, with pieces of great, however tracks swayed between pop punk and rock and to listen to the LP in full it didn't always have a clear direction. With their second full studio effort, that direction has been discovered as the heavier elements start to show through, while maintaining the catchy crowd pleasing sing alongs; as an example, the slightly predictable nature of first single 'Underdog' demonstrates there is something here for everyone\". Niki Boyle of \"The List\" was also more favourable, stating: \"Chances are, if you liked YMA6’s first effort \"Take Off Your Colours\", you’ll find plenty to like here. Spiky pop-punk riffs, catchy choruses and guest vocalists from The Blackout and Kids in Glass Houses ensure there’s nothing to disappoint the fans\". All music by You Me at Six, all lyrics by Josh Franceschi. Personnel per booklet. You Me at Six Additional musicians Production Hold Me Down Hold Me Down is the second studio album by English rock band You Me at Six, released on January 11, 2010 through Virgin Records as the follow-up to 2008's \"Take Off Your Colours\". It is the band's first release on the major label Virgin Records. Like their debut album,"
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"Alexander Telalim Alexander Telalim (born 1966) is a Ukrainian and Bulgarian visual artist. He graduated from the Grekov Odessa Art school, Odessa, Ukraine, and then from the National Academy of Arts, Sofia, Bulgaria. He currently lives and works in Sofia. Alexander Telalim is one of the Bulgarian artists working predominantly in watercolour. He organically combines the natural fluidity of watercolour with the power of sharp lines, creating amazingly vivid and emotional works. His paintings harmonize visions of childhood with his philosophy. The conciseness of his medium highlights the depth and expressiveness of his watercolours in the heritage of Zen philosophy. Telalim also works as a calligrapher and book illustrator. He is a member of the Union of Bulgarian Artists and has had more than 60 solo exhibitions in Europe, USA and Japan. Alexander Telalim's artworks can be found in numerous private collections in Europe and US, as well in the public collections of the City Gallery of Izmail (Ukraine), the municipality of Saint Louis (France), the Bulgarian Consulate in New York City (US), the town of Weimar (Germany) and the Ukrainian Consulate in Sofia (Bulgaria). Alexander Telalim Alexander Telalim (born 1966) is a Ukrainian and Bulgarian visual artist. He graduated"
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"Al-Mujaydil Al-Mujaydil ( (also: al-Mujeidil) was an Arab-Palestinian village located 6 km southwest of Nazareth. Al-Mujaydil was one of a few towns that achieved local council status by the Mandatory Palestine government. In 1945, the village had a population of 1,900 and total land area of 18,836 dunams – mostly Arab-owned. The population was partly Christian and the town contained a Roman Catholic church and monastery. Traces of a Roman road was found close to the village, which may indicate that the region was opened to intensive settlements as early as Roman times. In the 1596 tax records, Al-Mujaydil was part of the Ottoman Empire, \"nahiyah\" (subdistrict) of Tabariyya under the Sanjak Safad, with a population of 4 Muslim families. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on various agricultural products, including wheat and barley, fruit trees, as well as on goats and beehives; a total of 3,295 akçe. Half of the revenue went to a Waqf. In 1799 it was named \"Magidel\" in the map of Pierre Jacotin. C.R. Conder, of The Survey of Western Palestine, camped by the place in the 1870s, and described the village as a place being visited by missionaries. The village was also described as being \"flourishing\", and built of stone and mud. It was on the northern side of a small plateau, and olive groves were cultivated to the south and to the east. The population size was estimated at 800 (in 1859), and they cultivated 100 faddans. In 1882, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, the brother of the Russian Tsar, visited the village, and donated money for the construction of a Russian Orthodox Church there in the hope that local Christians would be converted to the Orthodox faith. However, the Patriarch of Jerusalem Nikodim opened the church to all denominations in the village and ensured it functioned most of the time as a village school. A population list from about 1887 showed that \"el Mujeidel\" had about 1,000 inhabitants; \"for the greater part Muslims\". In 1903, a Roman Catholic church was built in the village. It housed on its first floor a trilingual school for boys and girls, (teaching was in Arabic, Italian and French). It also housed a local clinic for the benefit of the villagers. According to the British Mandate's 1922 census of Palestine, \"Mujaidel\" had 1,009 inhabitants; 817 Muslims and 192 Christians, where 150 of the Christians were Orthodox, 33 Roman Catholics, 2 were Melkite and 7 were Anglicans. In 1930, the al-Huda mosque was built in the village, it was 12 meters high and 8 meters wide. A kuttab was nearby. The mosque was famous for the elaborate system it used to collect rainfall from its roof into a well. A tall minaret was added in the 1940s. By the 1931 census the population had increased to 1,241; 1,044 Muslims and 197 Christians, in a total of 293 houses. In the 1945 statistics the population of Mujeidil was 1,900; 1,640 Muslims and 260 Christians, with a total of 18,836 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 1,719 dunams of land were for plantations and irrigable land, 15,474 for cereals, while 34 dunams were built-up land. Al-Mujaydil was captured by the Haganah's Golani Brigade during second half of Operation Dekel the 1948 Arab–Israeli War on 15 July 1948. The attack included a bombing raid by Israeli planes. Most of the population fled to the nearby city of Nazareth, where they live as internal refugees. In August 1948, a Jezreel Battalion Golani patrol encountered \"groups of Arab women working fields\" near Al-Mujaydil, and they reported that: \"I [squad OC Shalom Lipman] ordered the machine-gun to fire three bursts over their heads, to drive them off. They fled in the direction of the olive grove...\". But after the patrol left, the villagers returned. The patrol came back and encountered \"a group of Arab men and women... I opened fire at them and as a result one Arab man died and one Arab man and one woman were injured. In the two incidents, I expended 31 bullets.\" The following day, 6 August, the same patrol encountered two Arab funeral processions. The commander remarked dryly that \"one can only assume that one of yesterday ´s wounded died.\" A day or two after, the patrol again encountered \"a large group of Arab women in the fields of Mujeidil. When we approached them to drive them off, an Arab male [was found] hiding near them, [and] he was executed by us. The women were warned not to return to this area of Mujeidil.\" The company commander´s commented: \"Arab women repeatedly attempt to return to Mujeidil, and they are usually accompanied by men. I gave firm orders to stymie every attempt [\"lehasel kol nisayon\"] to return to the village of Mujeidil.\" However, in 1950, after intervention from the Pope Pius XII, the Christians of the village were offered the opportunity to move back to the village, but refused to do so without their Muslim neighbours. Israel then destroyed half of the houses and one of the village mosques. The Israeli town of Migdal HaEmek was founded by Iranian Jews in 1952 on village land, less than 1 km southwest of the village site. Yifat, established in 1926 on what were traditionally village land, is 2 km to the west of the site of Al-Mujaydil. The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, described the remains of the village in 1992: \"Most of the site is covered with a pine forest that serves as an Israeli park. The monastery and parts of the ( destroyed) church are the only remaining buildings on the site; monks still live in the monastery. Remnants of destroyed houses and the walls of a cemetery are visible. Cactuses and pomegranate, olive, and fig trees grow around the site, which is dotted with wells.\" Al-Mujaydil Al-Mujaydil ( (also: al-Mujeidil) was an Arab-Palestinian village located 6 km southwest of Nazareth. Al-Mujaydil was one of a few towns that"
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"Christian countercult movement The Christian countercult movement or Christian anti-cult movement is a social movement of certain Protestant evangelical and fundamentalist and other Christian ministries (\"discernment ministries\") and individual activists who oppose religious sects they consider \"cults\". Christian countercult-activism stems mainly from evangelicalism or fundamentalism. The countercult movement asserts that particular Christian sects whose beliefs they deem partially or wholly not in accordance with the Bible are erroneous. It also states that a religious sect can be considered a cult if its beliefs involve a denial of what they view as any of the essential Christian teachings (such as salvation, the Trinity, Jesus himself as a person, the ministry and miracles of Jesus, his crucifixion, his resurrection, the Second Coming and the Rapture). Countercult ministries often concern themselves with religious sects which consider themselves Christian but which hold beliefs thought to contradict the Bible. Such sects may include: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Unification Church, Christian Science, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Anti-Catholic ideology has led some Protestants to classify Catholicism as a cult. John Highham described anti-Catholicism as \"the most luxuriant, tenacious tradition of paranoiac agitation in American history\". Some also denounce non-Christian religions such as Islam, Wicca, Paganism, New Age groups, Buddhism, Hinduism and other religions. Countercult literature usually expresses doctrinal or theological concerns and a missionary or apologetic purpose. It presents a rebuttal by emphasizing the teachings of the Bible against the beliefs of non-fundamental Christian sects. Christian countercult activist writers also emphasize the need for Christians to evangelize to followers of cults. Some Christians also share concerns similar to those of the secular anti-cult movement. The movement publishes its views through a variety of media, including books, magazines, and newsletters, radio broadcasting; audio and videocassette production, direct-mail appeals, proactive evangelistic encounters, professional and avocational websites, as well as lecture series, training workshops and counter-cult conferences. Christians have applied theological criteria to assess the teachings of non-orthodox movements throughout church history. The Apostles themselves were involved in challenging the doctrines and claims of various teachers. The Apostle Paul wrote an entire epistle, Galatians, antagonistic to the teachings of a Jewish sect that claimed adherence to the teachings of both Jesus and Moses (cf. Acts 15: & Gal. 1:6-10). The Apostle John devoted his first Epistle to countering early proto-gnostic cults that had arisen in the first century, all claiming to be \"Christian\" (1 Jn. 2:19). The early Church in the post-apostolic period was much more involved in \"defending its frontiers against alternative soteriologies — either by defining its own position with greater and greater exactness, or by attacking other religions, and particularly the Hellenistic mysteries.\" In fact, a good deal of the early Christian literature is devoted to the exposure and refutation of unorthodox theology, mystery religions and Gnostic groups. Irenaeus, Tertullian and Hippolytus of Rome were among the greatest early Christian apologetes who engaged in critical analyses of unorthodox theology, Greco-Roman pagan religions, and Gnostic groups. In the Protestant traditions some of the earliest writings opposing unorthodox groups like Swedenborg's teachings, can be traced back to John Wesley, Alexander Campbell and Princeton Theological Seminary theologians like Charles Hodge and B. B. Warfield. The first known usage of the term \"cult\" by a Protestant apologist to denote a group is heretical or unorthodox is in \"Anti-Christian Cults\" by A. H. Barrington, published in 1898. Quite a few of the pioneering apologists were Baptist pastors, like I. M. Haldeman, or participants in the Plymouth Brethren, like William C. Irvine and Sydney Watson. Watson wrote a series of didactic novels like \"Escaped from the Snare: Christian Science\", \"Bewitched by Spiritualism\", and \"The Gilded Lie\", as warnings of the dangers posed by cultic groups. Watson's use of fiction to counter the cults has been repeated by later novelists like Frank E. Peretti. The early twentieth century apologists generally applied the words \"heresy\" and \"sects\" to groups like the Christadelphians, Mormons, Jehovah's Witnesses, Spiritualists, and Theosophists. This was reflected in several chapters contributed to the multi-volume work released in 1915 \"The Fundamentals\", where apologists criticised the teachings of Charles Taze Russell, Mary Baker Eddy, the Mormons and Spiritualists. Since the 1940s, the approach of traditional Christians was to apply the meaning of \"cult\" such that it included those religious groups who use other scriptures beside the Bible or have teachings and practices deviating from traditional Christian teachings and practices. Some examples of sources (with published dates where known) that documented this approach are: One of the first prominent counter-cult apologists was Jan Karel van Baalen (1890–1968), an ordained minister in the Christian Reformed Church in North America. His book, \"The Chaos of Cults\", which was first published in 1938, became a classic in the field as it was repeatedly revised and updated until 1962. Historically, one of the most important protagonists of the movement was Walter Martin (1928–89), whose numerous books include the 1955 \"The Rise of the Cults: An Introductory Guide to the Non-Christian Cults\" and the 1965 \"The Kingdom of the Cults: An Analysis of Major Cult Systems in the Present Christian Era\", which continues to be influential. He became well known in conservative Christian circles through a radio program, \"The Bible Answer Man\", currently hosted by Hank Hanegraaff. In \"The Rise of the Cults\" Martin gave the following definition of a cult: By cultism we mean the adherence to doctrines which are pointedly contradictory to orthodox Christianity and which yet claim the distinction of either tracing their origin to orthodox sources or of being in essential harmony with those sources. Cultism, in short, is any major deviation from orthodox Christianity relative to the cardinal doctrines of the Christian faith. As Martin's definition suggests, the countercult ministries concentrate on non-traditional groups that claim to be Christian, so chief targets have been The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (i.e., \"Mormons\"), Jehovah's Witnesses, Armstrongism, Christian Science and the Unification Church, but also smaller groups like the Swedenborgian Church Various other conservative Christian leaders—among them John Ankerberg and Norman Geisler—have emphasized themes similar to Martin's. Perhaps more importantly, numerous other well-known conservative Christian leaders as well as many conservative pastors have accepted Martin's definition of a cult as well as his understanding of the groups to which he gave that label. Dave Breese summed up this kind of definition in these words: A cult is a religious perversion. It is a belief and practice in the world of religion which calls for devotion to a religious view or leader centered in false doctrine. It is an organized heresy. A cult may take many forms but it is basically a religious movement which distorts or warps orthodox faith to the point where truth becomes perverted into a lie. A cult is impossible to define except against the absolute standard of the teaching of Holy Scripture. Kenne \"Ken\" Silva is said by other discernment bloggers to have pioneered online discernment ministry. Ken was a Baptist pastor who ran the discernment blog Apprising. Silva wrote many blog articles about the Emerging Church, the Word of Faith Movement, Mormonism, the Jehovah's Witness, the Gay Christian",
"of definition in these words: A cult is a religious perversion. It is a belief and practice in the world of religion which calls for devotion to a religious view or leader centered in false doctrine. It is an organized heresy. A cult may take many forms but it is basically a religious movement which distorts or warps orthodox faith to the point where truth becomes perverted into a lie. A cult is impossible to define except against the absolute standard of the teaching of Holy Scripture. Kenne \"Ken\" Silva is said by other discernment bloggers to have pioneered online discernment ministry. Ken was a Baptist pastor who ran the discernment blog Apprising. Silva wrote many blog articles about the Emerging Church, the Word of Faith Movement, Mormonism, the Jehovah's Witness, the Gay Christian Movement, and many other groups. He started his blog in 2005 and wrote there until his death in 2014. Silva's work paved the way for other internet discernment ministries such as Pirate Christian Radio, a group of blogs and podcasts founded by Lutheran Pastor Chris Rosebrough in 2008, and Pulpit & Pen, a discernment blog founded by Baptist Pastor and polemicist J.D. Hall. Since the 1980s the term \"new religions\" or \"new religious movements\" has slowly entered into Evangelical usage alongside the word \"cult\". Some book titles use both terms. The acceptance of these alternatives to the word \"cult\" in Evangelicalism reflects, in part, the wider usage of such language in the sociology of religion. The term \"countercult apologetics\" first appeared in Protestant Evangelical literature as a self-designation in the late 1970s and early 1980s in articles by Ronald Enroth and David Fetcho, and by Walter Martin in \"Martin Speaks Out on the Cults\". A mid-1980s debate about apologetic methodology between Ronald Enroth and J. Gordon Melton, led the latter to place more emphasis in his publications on differentiating the Christian countercult from the secular anti-cult. Eric Pement urged Melton to adopt the label \"Christian countercult\", and since the early 1990s the terms has entered into popular usage and is recognised by sociologists such as Douglas Cowan. The only existing umbrella organization within the countercult movement in the USA is the EMNR (Evangelical Ministries to New Religions) founded in 1982 which has the evangelical Lausanne Covenant as governing document and which stresses mission, scholarship, accountability and networking. While the greatest number of countercult ministries are found in the USA, ministries exist in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, Ethiopia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Romania, Russia, Sweden, and Ukraine. A comparison between the methods employed in the USA and other nations discloses some similarities in emphasis, but also other nuances in emphasis. The similarities are that globally these ministries share a common concern about the evangelization of people in cults and new religions. There is also often a common thread of comparing orthodox doctrines and biblical passages with the teachings of the groups under examination. However, in some of the European and southern hemisphere contexts, confrontational methods of engagement are not always relied on, and dialogical approaches are sometimes advocated. A group of organizations which originated within the context of established religion is working in more general fields of cult-awareness, especially in Europe. Their leaders are theologians, and they are often social ministries affiliated to big churches. The phenomena of \"cults\" has also entered into the discourses of Christian missions and theology of religions. An initial step in this direction occurred in 1980 when the Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization convened a mini-consultation in Thailand. From that consultation a position paper was produced. The issue was revisited at the Lausanne Forum in 2004 with another paper. The latter paper adopts a different methodology to that advocated in 1980. In the 1990s discussions in academic missions and theological journals indicate that another trajectory is emerging which reflects the influence of contextual missions theory. Advocates of this approach maintain that apologetics as a tool needs to be retained, but do not favour a confrontational style of engagement. Countercult apologetics has several variations and methods employed in analysing and responding to cults. The different nuances in countercult apologetics have been discussed by John A. Saliba and Philip Johnson. The dominant method is the emphasis on detecting unorthodox or heretical doctrines and contrasting those with orthodox interpretations of the Bible and early creedal documents. Some apologists, such as Francis J. Beckwith, have emphasised a philosophical approach, pointing out logical, epistemological and metaphysical problems within the teachings of a particular group. Another approach involves former members of cultic groups recounting their spiritual autobiographies, which highlight experiences of disenchantment with the group, unanswered questions and doubts about commitment to the group, culminating in the person's conversion to Evangelical Christianity. Apologists like Dave Hunt in \"Peace, Prosperity and the Coming Holocaust\" and Hal Lindsey in \"The Terminal Generation\" have tended to interpret the phenomena of cults as part of the burgeoning evidence of signs that Christ's Second Advent is close at hand. Both Hunt, and Constance Cumbey, have applied a conspiracy model to interpreting the emergence of New Age spirituality and linking that to speculations about fulfilled prophecies heralding Christ's reappearance. Christian countercult movement The Christian countercult movement or Christian anti-cult movement is a social movement of certain Protestant evangelical and fundamentalist and other Christian ministries (\"discernment ministries\") and individual activists who oppose religious sects they consider \"cults\". Christian countercult-activism stems mainly from evangelicalism or fundamentalism. The countercult movement asserts that particular Christian sects whose beliefs they deem partially or wholly not in accordance with the Bible are erroneous. It also states that a religious sect can be considered a cult if its beliefs involve a denial of what they view as any"
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"Victoriana Mejía Marulanda María Dora Victoriana Mejía Marulanda (born 23 April 1943) is the current Ambassador of Colombia to Sweden. Prior to her current post, Mejía served as First Secretary of the Colombian Embassy in Brussels from 1994 to 1997 when she was promoted to the rank of Consul General in that same city and remained in that post until 1998. Mejía was named by President Álvaro Uribe Vélez on 11 October 2002. She was officially appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Colombia to the Federal Republic of Germany on 30 November 2002 and presented her Letters of Credence to German President Johannes Rau on 12 March 2003. Born on 23 April 1943 in Pereira, Risaralda, to Bernardo Mejía Jaramillo and María Dora Marulanda Gutiérrez. She married John P. R. Kriendler on 28 July 1982 in Paris, France, and together had one daughter, Sara (born 1983). Her younger sister, María Isabel is a Liberal party politician who has served as Mayor of Pereira, Governor of Risaralda, and Congresswoman in both the Chamber and the Senate. Victoriana Mejía Marulanda María Dora Victoriana Mejía Marulanda (born 23 April 1943) is the current Ambassador of Colombia to Sweden. Prior"
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"Mariwan Halabjaee Mariwan Halabjaee or Mariwan Halabjayi (, \"\") also referred to as Salman Rushdie of Iraqi Kurdistan (born 1 August 1963) is the Iraqi Kurdish writer, public speaker, and human rights activist. He is the author of sixteen books and producer of over ninety documentaries, covering topics on theology, psychology, and human rights. He is the author of the book \"Sex, Sharia and Women in the History of Islam\" (alternate title: \"Sex, Legislation and Women in Islamic History\"). The book gained international fame when published in 2005, and has since been reprinted eleven times and translated into Arabic, Persian, and Pashto for millions of readers. It is about how Islam and Sharia are allegedly used to oppress Muslim women. \"I wanted to prove how oppressed women are in Islam and that they have no rights,\" said Halabjaee. Halabjaee asserted the book was, \"based on Islamic sources such as the Holy Quran, Muslim and Bukhari books and many more.\" Halabjaee was reportedly forced to flee from Iraqi Kurdistan to Norway because the Islamic League of Kurdistan issued a \"conditional\" fatwa to kill him if he did not repent and apologize for writing his book. Halabjaee reported, \"the mullahs and scholars said if I go to them and apologize they will give me 80 lashes and then refer me to the fatwa committee to decide if I am to be beheaded. They might forgive me, they might not.\" Halabjaee allegedly received telephone calls saying, \"Now, in 10 years or 15 years, we will kill you.\" Another time, Halabjaee reported, \"the Islamists said once from the radio, if they found out where I was, they would blow themselves up with me.\" \"With that book I wanted to defend women but the first thing I did was hurt my wife,\" said Halabjaee. As a result, Halabjaee went into hiding with his pregnant wife and three children. Halabjaee fled Iraqi Kurdistan after the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) allegedly refused to offer him any protection or to arrest those who threatened his life. \"The Kurdish authorities have not provided any protection from threats and fatwas,\" said Halabjaee, \"any moment I am expecting a bullet or a hand grenade to be thrown into where I live.\" In response to the Halabjaee affair, the KRG Minister of Religious Issues, Dr. Mohammad Gaznayi, told protestors that according to the law of Iraqi Kurdistan, \"defamation\" or \"criticizing\" religion or religious figures is a crime and its punishment is severe. \"We will give those who attack our prophets a sentence so that they can be a lesson for everyone,\" said Dr. Gaznayi. Halabjaee was in possession of a warrant for his arrest issued by the Suleimaniya police department when he fled Iraqi Kurdistan. In August 2006, Halabjaee was granted political asylum in Norway. In December 2007, Halabjaee was convicted in absentia in Iraqi Kurdistan for the crime of blasphemy. A court in Halabja sentenced Halabjaee to prison for writing that the prophet Mohammed had 19 wives, married a 9-year-old when he was 54 years old, and committed murder and rape. Halabjaee remains in Norway. The sentence states that he will be arrested upon his return to Iraqi Kurdistan. In September 2008, Mullah Krekar allegedly threatened to kill Halabjaee in an audio file published on the Kurdish website Renesans.nu. \"I swear that we will not live if you live. Either you go before us, or we go before you,\" said Krekar. Mullah Krekar was the original leader of the Islamist terrorist group Ansar al-Islam. Mullah Krekar compared Halabjaee with Salman Rushdie and Ayaan Hirsi Ali. Mullah Krekar, like Halabjaee, currently resides in Norway as a refugee. Since February 2003, Mullah Krekar has had an expulsion order against him in Norway. The order has been suspended, however, pending Iraqi government guarantees that Mullah Krekar will not face torture or execution. In February 2012, Mullah Krekar confirmed in the Oslo District Court that he had issued a twenty page fatwa against Halabjaee. The fatwa was sent to several hundred Islamic scholars around the world. While Mullah Krekar said he thought he might be able to \"guarantee the safety\" of Halabjaee, Mullah Krekar confirmed that his fatwa \"implies\" that it is \"permissible\" to kill Halabjaee in Oslo or anywhere else. Mullah Krekar compared Halabjaee to Theo van Gogh, the film director who was killed by an Islamist in the Netherlands in 2004. On 26 March 2012, Mullah Krekar was sentenced to 5 years in prison for making death threats. He appealed. On 26 March 2012, Mullah Krekar was re-arrested for making threats against two Kurds and the Conservative Party leader Erna Solberg. On 6 December 2012, the Court of Appeal acquitted Mullah Krekar of charges of incitement to terrorism, but found Krekar guilty of four counts of intimidation under aggravating circumstances. The Court of Appeal ordered that Krekar pay 130,000 kroner in damages compensation to each of the three Kurds he threatened, and to serve two years and ten months in prison, less the 255 days he was in custody. Mariwan Halabjaee Mariwan Halabjaee or Mariwan Halabjayi (, \"\") also referred to as Salman Rushdie of Iraqi Kurdistan (born 1 August 1963) is the Iraqi Kurdish writer, public speaker, and human rights activist. He is the author of sixteen books and producer of over ninety documentaries, covering topics on theology, psychology, and human rights. He is the author of the book \"Sex, Sharia and"
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"Maé-Bérénice Méité Maé-Bérénice Méité (born 21 September 1994) is a French figure skater. She is the 2011 Ondrej Nepela Memorial champion, the 2016 International Cup of Nice champion, the 2015 Winter Universiade silver medalist, and a five-time French national champion. She has finished in the top six at three European Championships and represented France at the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics. Maé-Bérénice Méité, an only child, was born in Paris, France. Her parents are from Ivory Coast and Congo. Fluent in English and Spanish, she is interested in foreign languages and perfume-making. She plays the violin. After obtaining a science degree, she studied management through distance education at University of Montpellier 1. Méité began learning to skate as a five-year-old. She won the silver medal in novice ladies at her first international event, the 2007 Cup of Nice. In addition to her singles skating, Méité also participates in ice theatre with her skating club. Méité moved up to the junior level in 2008–09, finishing 8th and 6th in her two events. She then took part in her second French Nationals, and won the silver medal behind Candice Didier. Consequently, she was chosen to represent France at the 2009 World Junior Championships, where she finished in 12th place. In 2009–10, Méité was 13th at the JGP Budapest and 6th at the JGP Croatia. She won her second silver medal at French Nationals, this time behind Léna Marrocco, who was selected for the French slot at 2010 Junior Worlds. In 2010–11, Méité moved up to the senior level. She competed at the 2010 Skate America, finishing 8th, and the 2010 Trophée Éric Bompard, where she placed ninth. In December, she won the bronze medal at French Nationals, but was nonetheless named to the French team for the 2011 European Championships, where her goal was a top ten finish. Because France did not have a direct entry to the short program in the ladies' discipline, Méité had to compete in the qualifying round; she finished second and qualified for the short program. She finished 7th in the program with a new personal best score and 10th in the free skating after falling on both triple lutzes. She finished in 9th place overall; Méité said that although her skating \"wasn't perfect\", she was \"very satisfied with it\". She was 14th in her Worlds debut. Méité began the 2011–12 season at the 2011 Ondrej Nepela Memorial. She was first in the short program and second in the free skate, and took her first international title. Competing in the 2011–12 Grand Prix series, she placed 7th at the 2011 NHK Trophy and 6th at the 2011 Trophée Éric Bompard. She finished 13th at the 2012 European Championships and completed the season as part of team France at the World Team Trophy. Méité began the 2012–13 season at the 2012 Skate America; she was 4th in the short program and 6th overall. She finished 5th at the 2012 Trophée Éric Bompard and 11th at the 2013 World Championships. Méité won her first senior national title at the 2014 French Championships. She was selected to represent France at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, where she finished tenth. In the 2014–15 season, Méité was coached by Katia Krier in Paris. Although troubled by her right knee from mid-November 2014, she finished sixth at the 2015 European Championships in Stockholm and tenth at the 2015 World Championships in Shanghai. Méité was diagnosed with a tear in her right patellar tendon. In April 2015, she decided to begin treatment. She did not jump for three months. Claude Thevenard was listed as Méité's coach by October 2015. She won her third national title and placed 6th at the 2016 European Championships in Bratislava, Slovakia. Méité started the season off at the 2016 International Cup of Nice, where she won with a score of 169.25. She placed 7th with a score of 172.65 at her only GP event that season, the 2016 Trophée de France. She placed 2nd at the 2016 French Figure Skating Championships in December. At the 2017 Mentor Nesquik Nestlé Toruń Cup, she placed 2nd with a score of 156.40. She placed 16th at the 2017 European Championships with a score of 145.07. She went to the 2017 World Team Trophy and placed 12th individually. Méité was assigned to compete at the 2017 CS Autumn Classic International where she placed 8th. At her first GP event of the season, 2017 Rostelecom Cup, she placed 11th. She placed 8th at her second GP event, the 2017 Internationaux de France. She won her fourth national title at the 2017 French Figure Skating Championships in December. At the 2018 European Championships, she placed 8th. In February, Méité competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, South Korea. She placed 9th in the team event short program at the 2018 Winter Olympics with a score of 46.62, and placed 19th in the ladies' singles event with a score of 159.92. During the season, she was coached by Shanetta Folle in Chicago. Méité decided to train in Tampa, Florida, coached by Silvia Fontana and John Zimmerman. At her first event of the season, the 2018 CS Autumn Classic International, she placed 3rd with a personal best score of 178.89. She placed 10th at the 2018 NHK Trophy with a score of 162.58. In late November, she placed 8th at the 2018 Internationaux de France. In a November interview, Méité stated that focusing on strengthening her leg muscles, including the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves, had been effective in reducing her knee pain. \"GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\" \"ISU personal bests highlighted in bold.\" Maé-Bérénice Méité Maé-Bérénice Méité (born 21 September 1994) is a French figure skater. She is the 2011 Ondrej Nepela Memorial champion, the 2016 International Cup of Nice champion, the 2015 Winter Universiade silver medalist, and a five-time French national champion. She has finished in the top six at three European Championships and represented France at the 2014"
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"Phil Gartside Philip Andrew \"Phil\" Gartside (27 April 1952 – 10 February 2016) was an English businessman who was chairman of Bolton Wanderers Football Club. Gartside was born in 1952 at Leigh, England. He joined the board of Bolton in April 1989, having been a fan of the club since his days as a pupil at Leigh Grammar School. He became chairman of \"Wanderers\" in October 1999 at the same time Sam Allardyce was appointed as manager. While Gartside was chairman, the club gained promotion to the Premier League and reached the UEFA Cup for the first time in their history. He was unable to hold on to Sam Allardyce, allowing him to resign (only to be appointed manager of Newcastle United weeks later). Bolton were relegated to the Championship in 2012. He oversaw a number of high-profile arrivals to the playing staff at the club, including Nicolas Anelka, Youri Djorkaeff, Jay-Jay Okocha, Fernando Hierro and Iván Campo. He was a prominent football administrator, a Football Association Board Member and an executive director of the new Wembley Stadium. On 23 April 2009, Gartside proposed a plan to his fellow Premier League chairmen about splitting the Premier League into two divisions of eighteen teams in each and allowing Scottish Premier League clubs Celtic and Rangers to join. UEFA have said they will not veto the proposed move. In early December 2015 it was reported that he was gravely ill and his family requested privacy. Phil Gartside died of a brain tumour, on 10 February 2016 at his home near Northwich, Cheshire at the age of 63. A memorial service was held for him on 16 March. Phil Gartside Philip Andrew \"Phil\" Gartside (27 April 1952 – 10 February 2016) was an English businessman who was chairman of Bolton Wanderers Football Club."
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"Kensington, Liverpool Kensington (Known locally as Kenny) an inner city area of Liverpool, England. It is located immediately to the east of Liverpool city centre, and is bordered by Everton to the north, Fairfield to the east and Edge Hill to the south. The majority of Kensington is in the Liverpool City Council ward of Kensington and Fairfield, whilst the westernmost area, Kensington Fields, is included in the Central ward. According to the 2001 Census, Kensington had a population of 12,740. The area is known locally as Kenny and has attracted both positive and negative views since the 1990s. The area is occupied largely by Victorian terraced houses. A number of local shops, including newsagents and convenience stores as well as some supermarkets exist along Kensington, Prescot Road and Edge Lane, the area's three main roads. Many shop fronts have been refurbished by the Government's New Deal for Communities programme. The area boasts a number of traditional Liverpool pubs. Kensington is also home to the historic Deane Road Jewish Cemetery, which was awarded £494,000 in 2010 by the Heritage Lottery Fund to aid restoration. Due to its close proximity to the Knowledge Quarter of Liverpool, Kensington has developed into a popular student quarter, composed mainly of University of Liverpool and Liverpool John Moores University students. In 2001, 12.29% of the population of Kensington were registered students. The northwestern area of Kensington features a series of streets named in honour of the Beatles, which opened during the early 1980s, these include: John Lennon Drive, Paul McCartney Way, George Harrison Close, Ringo Starr Drive, Epstein Court, Apple Court and Cavern Court. Kensington is home to Newsham Park, a historic grade two listed park, in a conservation area. Opened in 1868, it is the first park of the three sisters of Newsham, Sefton, and Stanley Park. Three of the five entrances of this park are in Kensington, those being the main entrance on Sheil Road and the other two on Prescot Road. Since the year 2000, an influx of money from the 'Kensington Regeneration' programme has allowed improvements to be made to the local area, with run-down houses having been redeveloped, and street monitors put in place to maintain good social order. Kensington Vision a project funded by Mersey Broadband and co-ordinated by Liverpool John Moores University ran from 2005 to 2006 giving away 150 free broadband connections and internet enabled freeview set top boxes, developing a community web hub and training the local community in web design and video editing and production skills. There are regular buses (numbers 8, 9, 10 and variants thereof) providing services to the city centre, as well as to Huyton and St Helens. On 14 July 1958, John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and other members of the Quarrymen skiffle group, which later evolved into the Beatles, made their first sound recording at Phillips' Sound Recording Services studio located at 38 Kensington, Kensington, Liverpool. John Lennon Drive is a street in Kensington. The Kensington area is also referred to in the song \"Streets of Kenny\" on the \"H.M.S. Fable\" album by Liverpudlian band Shack. Millionaire John Elliott spent ten days in the district living in a council flat under state benefits as part of the Channel 4 programme \"The Secret Millionaire\" (episode broadcast 6 December 2006). He assisted a family living in a council house as well as paying several thousand pounds to a local asylum centre. Strictly, the road he lived on throughout his stay, Balmoral Road, is in the Fairfield district. Shots of boarded up houses, edited into the film to support the opinion from a local person that there was little sign of regeneration in Kensington, were actually from the Gladstone Road area of Edge Hill district and were scheduled for demolition (currently underway). The person being interviewed was at the time on Balmoral Road, approx 1 mile away. Kensington, Liverpool Kensington (Known locally as Kenny) an inner city area of Liverpool, England. It is located immediately to the east of Liverpool city centre, and is bordered by Everton to the north, Fairfield to the east and Edge Hill to the south. The majority of Kensington is in the Liverpool City Council ward of"
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"retrieved": [
"Africa Hinterland Africa Hinterland was an overland travel company set up in the UK in the early 1980s to smuggle arms into South Africa for the military struggle against the apartheid system. It was founded by exiled members of the African National Congress and made over 40 trips into South Africa by truck, carrying up to a ton of weapons on each trip hidden in secret compartments welded under the truck seats. The operation was never exposed at the time, and was revealed several years after the last trip had run. The story was told in the documentary film, \"The Secret Safari\" made in 2001, directed by Tom Zubrycki and produced by David Max Brown and Sally Browning. The truck was designed by Rodney Wilkinson, who a few years earlier had planted two limpet mines at the Koeberg nuclear power station in South Africa, just a few weeks before he completed his contract there as the after-building designer. The mines were set to explode just before the facility was loaded with nuclear material, but the damage was significant. Rodney was never suspected. Under-cover and bored in London he came up with a simple, but ingenious design for an overland truck that could carry passengers and a ton of hidden weapons. ANC leader Joe Slovo showed the design to Mannie Brown, a businessman and ANC exile, and asked him to set up a travel company and recruit reliable drivers. The Bedford truck was modified at a farm outside London by Rodney and Mannie's nephew and shipped to Kenya. The tourists were flown to Mombasa from the UK. For the first few trips the tourists were mainly from Europe and America, but it soon became apparent that the most hardy travelers were from New Zealand and Australia, so the Hinterland team quickly began to target their publicity to areas around Earl's Court in London, where there was a high population of Australians. The drivers were mainly recruited from the British and Dutch Communist parties and were brave young men and women who knew exactly what they were doing, and that they would have to look after the paying tourists between Kenya and South Africa, as well as collecting the weapons in Lusaka, Zambia and driving the load safely to a camp site near Johannesburg or Cape Town. The most dangerous part of their journey would begin here when the drivers would unload the steel containers of weapons out from the secret compartments in the truck and into smaller passenger vehicles. These would be driven to drop off areas where unidentified operatives of the ANC would collect and further distribute or strategically bury the weapons. The South African military knew that weapons were leaking into the country and put spies onto all sorts of transport that was crossing the border. Africa Hinterland was no exception, and came to their special attention because it was one of a handful of tour companies that was openly breaking international travel sanctions to South Africa. Nonetheless they sent over to London an experienced Australian special forces operative who had volunteered his services to them (to the South African Security services?). He bought his ticket and traveled on the second of the Africa Hinterland trips in late 1986 or early 1987. The very young and inexperienced English driver, Stuart Round suspected he had a spy among his passengers and reported as much to his handlers in the ANC, but the decision was taken to continue as normal. The cover of the tourists was so complete that the South African spy reported that the Africa Hinterland operation was 'clean' and after this close shave, the trips continued almost without hitch. Many of the weapons were used as part of the ANC military campaign against the apartheid regime, but significant caches were dug up and handed over to the new government in 1995. A closely guarded secret within the ranks of the ANC until 2001, is the fact that the Africa Hinterland operation continued to operate after Nelson Mandela's release in February 1990, and for three years after his speech in August 1990 when he announced the cessation of the movement of men and arms into South Africa. It would have been under Mandela's command that the Africa Hinterland operation was ordered to continue and relocate in 1990 from the United Kingdom to South Africa. The drivers, at that time from London from Amsterdam, opened an office in Johannesburg and ran trips with South African passengers paying for excursions to the Okavango and returning via Bulawayo, where the truck was loaded up with weapons. These trips took two weeks compared to the long haul six weeks from Kenya, and as long as the tourists could be found to fill the truck and provide the cover the trips continued until late 1993 when it was clear that elections would actually happen and the fighting between different factions was dying down. Very few leaders in the ANC knew about the Africa Hinterland operation and the hidden weapons, but those that did know have said that it gave them some bargaining muscle during the negotiations process. Oliver Tambo and others such as Chris Hani and Mac Maharaj had also been planning Operation Vula, which ran until the early 90's and aimed to also bring weapons and personnel into South Africa. Africa Hinterland Africa Hinterland was an overland travel company set up in the"
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"retrieved": [
"The Pipes of Pan \"The Pipes of Pan\" is a poem by Adrian Ross set to music by the English composer Edward Elgar, being completed on 5 June 1899. The song was published by Boosey in 1900. The first performance was by 'Miss Blouvelt' at the Crystal Palace on 30 April 1900. Elgar also arranged the song accompaniment for orchestra, which was first sung by Andrew Black at the Queen's Hall on 12 May 1900. Early editions of the vocal score are inscribed 'Sung by Mr. Ivor Foster'; Foster was a popular opera and, particularly, concert singer of the day whose credits included participating in Boosey's series of ballad concerts. THE PIPES OF PAN The Pipes of Pan \"The Pipes of Pan\" is a poem by Adrian Ross set to music by the English composer Edward Elgar, being completed on 5 June 1899. The song was published by Boosey in 1900. The first performance was by 'Miss Blouvelt' at the Crystal Palace on 30 April 1900. Elgar also arranged the song accompaniment for orchestra, which was first sung by Andrew Black at the Queen's Hall on 12 May 1900. Early editions of the vocal score are inscribed 'Sung by Mr."
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"retrieved": [
"Google Keep Google Keep is a note-taking service developed by Google. Launched on March 20, 2013, Google Keep is available on the web, and has mobile apps for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems. Keep offers a variety of tools for taking notes, including text, lists, images, and audio. Users can set reminders, which are integrated with Google Now. Text from images can be extracted using optical character recognition, and voice recordings can be transcribed. The interface allows for a single-column view or a multi-column view. Notes can be color-coded, and labels can be applied for organization. Later updates have added functionality to pin notes, and to collaborate on notes with other Keep users in real-time. Google Keep has received mixed reviews. A review just after launch in 2013 praised its speed, the quality of voice notes, synchronization, and the widget that could be placed on the Android home screen. Reviews in 2016 have criticized the lack of formatting options, inability to undo changes, and an interface that only offers two view modes where neither was liked for their handling of long notes. However, Google Keep received praise for features including universal device access, native integration with other Google services, and the option to turn photos into text through optical character recognition. Google Keep allows users to make different kinds of notes, including text, lists, images, and audio. Users can set reminders, which are integrated with Google Now, with options for time or location. Text from images can be extracted using optical character recognition technology. Voice recordings created through Keep are automatically transcribed. Keep can convert text notes into checklists. Users can choose between a single-column view and a multi-column view. Notes can be color-coded, with options for white, red, orange, yellow, green, teal, blue or grey. Users can press a \"Copy to Google Doc\" button that automatically copies all text into a new Google Docs document. Users can create notes and lists by voice. Notes can be categorized using labels, with a list of labels in the app's navigation bar. In November 2014, Google introduced a real-time note cooperation feature between different Keep users, as well as a search feature determined by attributes, such as color, sharing status, or the kind of content in the note. In October 2016, Google added the ability for users to pin notes. In February 2017, Google integrated Google Keep with Google Docs, providing access to notes while using Docs on the web. Google Assistant could previously maintain a shopping list within Google Keep. This feature was moved to Google Express in April 2017, resulting in a severe loss of functionality. In July 2017, Google updated Keep on Android with the ability for users to undo and redo changes. Google Keep was launched on March 20, 2013 for the Android operating system and on the web. The Android app is compatible with Android Wear. Users can create new notes using voice input, add and tick off items in lists, and view reminders. An app for the iOS operating system was released on September 24, 2015. In a May 2013 review, Alan Henry of \"Lifehacker\" wrote that the interface was \"colorful and easy to use\", and that the colors actually served a purpose in organization and contrast. Henry praised the speed, quality of voice notes, synchronization, and Android home screen widget. He criticized the web interface, as well as the lack of an iOS app. \"Time\" listed Google Keep among its 50 best Android applications for 2013. In a January 2016 review, JR Raphael of \"Computerworld\" wrote that \"Keep is incredibly close to being an ideal tool for me to collect and manage all of my personal and work-related notes. And, as evidenced by the fact that I continue to use it, its positives outweigh its negatives for me and make it the best all-around option for my needs\", praising what he calls Keep's \"killer features\", namely simplicity, \"easy universal access\", and native integration with other Google services. However, he characterized Keep's lack of formatting options, the inability to undo or revert changes, and a missing search functionality within notes as \"lingering weaknesses\". In a July 2016 review, Jill Duffy of \"PC Magazine\" wrote that the interface was best described as \"simplicity\", and criticized it for offering list and grid views that did not make finding information quick or easy. Adding that \"Most of my notes are text-based recipes, which are quite long\", Duffy said the list view was \"even worse\" than the grid view as it only showed \"one note at a time, and it's the most recently edited note.\" She wrote that the web interface was lacking in functionality present in the apps. The mobile apps offering to take a photo and run optical character recognition to have the scan turned into text was described as a \"shining star\", with the comment \"It's an amazing feature, and it works very well\". She also criticized the lack of formatting options, and that sharing options \"is possible but not very refined\". Google Keep Google Keep is a note-taking service developed by Google. Launched on March 20, 2013, Google Keep is available on the web, and has mobile apps for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems. Keep offers a variety of tools for taking notes, including text, lists, images, and audio. Users can set reminders, which are integrated with Google Now. Text from images"
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"retrieved": [
"Gina Mambrú Gina Altagracia Mambrú Casilla (born January 21, 1986 in Santo Domingo) is a female volleyball player from the Dominican Republic, who played the 2012 Olympic Games and the 2014 World Championship ranking fifth in both competitions. She won the gold medal at the 2010 and 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games and bronze at the 2015 Pan American Games. Altagracia used to be a ballet dancer before becoming a volleyball player for Los Cachorros club. Mambru played at the 2005 FIVB U20 Volleyball World Championship in Ankara, Turkey. Her team finished in 9th place. She played as opposite and wore the #16 jersey. With her \"Junior National Team\" at the 2006 U-20 NORCECA Women´s Junior Continental Championship, she won the \"Best Attacker\" award. Her team won the silver medal. Playing with the Brazilian team Vôlei Futuro for the 2009/2010 season, she won the \"Best Server\" award in the Brazilian Superliga (Superliga Brasileira de Voleibol). Playing in Chiapas, Mexico with her National Senior Team she won the 2010 Final Four Cup gold medal. Mambrú was sidelined in October from the Dominican Republic 2010 FIVB World Championship squad, because she suffered a thrombosis, from she is recovered. In early 2011, Altagracia received for magnificent performance during 2010, making her the recipient of the \"2010 Dominican Republic \"Volleyball Player of the Year\"\". Mambru played the 2012 Olympic tournament and her national team ranked 5th, after losing the quarterfinal match 3-0 against the United States. She won the Bronze Medal at the Montreux Volley Masters defeating Italy 3-1 after dropping the semifinals 0-3 from Brazil. Mambru helped her national team to win the Pan American Games bronze medal when they defeated the Puerto Rico national team 3-1. She was awarded tournament's Best Server. [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Santo Domingo]] [[Category:Dominican Republic women's volleyball players]] [[Category:Volleyball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Volleyball players at the 2015 Pan American Games]] [[Category:Pan American Games competitors for the Dominican Republic]] [[Category:Pan American Games bronze medalists for the Dominican Republic]] [[Category:Olympic volleyball players of the Dominican Republic]] [[Category:Pan American Games medalists in volleyball]] [[Category:Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists]] [[Category:Competitors at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games]] [[Category:Competitors at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games]] [[Category:Opposite hitters]] [[Category:Expatriate volleyball players in Spain]] [[Category:Expatriate volleyball players in Japan]] [[Category:Expatriate volleyball players in Brazil]] [[Category:Expatriate volleyball players in Turkey]] [[Category:Expatriate volleyball players in Italy]] [[Category:Dominican Republic expatriates in Spain]] [[Category:Dominican Republic expatriate sportspeople in Italy]] [[Category:Dominican Republic expatriate sportspeople in Japan]] [[Category:Dominican Republic expatriates in Brazil]] [[Category:Dominican Republic expatriates in Trinidad and Tobago]] [[Category:Expatriate sportspeople in Trinidad and Tobago]] Gina Mambrú Gina Altagracia Mambrú Casilla (born January 21, 1986 in Santo Domingo) is a female volleyball player from the Dominican Republic, who played the 2012 Olympic Games and the 2014 World Championship ranking fifth in both competitions. She won the gold medal at the 2010 and 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games and bronze at the 2015 Pan American Games. Altagracia used to"
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"retrieved": [
"Mære Church Mære Church () is a parish church in Steinkjer municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Mære. It is the church for the Mære parish which is part of the Nord-Innherad prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros of the Church of Norway. The stone church was built in a long church style during the 12th century by an unknown architect. The church seats about 250 people. The church is noted for its medieval roof featuring carving of heads (human, beast, and mythological) projecting from the top of its walls. The stone church likely dates to between 1150 and 1200. This is suggested by stylistic dating of its dedicatory inscription as well as coins dating from the reign of King Sverre (1183–1202) found during excavations. Mærehaugen, the pagan center buried under the church, may possibly be the site referred to in the medieval Icelandic \"Landnámabók\" in chapter 297. The floor of the church was excavated in 1969 and found to contain the remains of a pagan cult structure. The nature of that structure was not clear. Hans Emil Lidén felt this represented the remains of a building, but a critique by Olsen in the same work suggested this may have been a site for pole worship. A recent review of the evidence by Walaker Norddide concluded that this site was similar to the site in Hove (Åsen, also in Trøndelag) and was therefore likely the site of a ceremonial pole. Several renovations and restorations have been undertaken over the years, including in 1859, in 1878 and during the 1920s, under the direction of architect Claus Hjelte (1884-1969) The most recent restoration was during the 1960s. Mære Church Mære Church () is a parish church in Steinkjer municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is"
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"retrieved": [
"Coney Island Avenue Coney Island Avenue is a roadway in the New York City borough of Brooklyn that runs north-south for a distance of roughly five miles, almost parallel to Ocean Parkway and Ocean Avenue. It begins at Brighton Beach Avenue in Coney Island and goes north to Park Circle at the southwest corner of Prospect Park, where it becomes Prospect Park Southwest. Near-parallel Ocean Parkway terminates five blocks south and three blocks west of that intersection, becoming the Prospect Expressway (New York State Route 27). Ocean Parkway originally extended north to Park Circle, where Coney Island Avenue meets Prospect Park, until construction of the Prospect Expressway replaced the northern half-mile of Ocean Parkway but included ramps to the edge of Prospect Park. Coney Island Avenue frontage is dominated by mixed-use housing: pre-war apartment buildings, small shops, including a large number of antique shops, and service businesses. The B68 bus line runs along Coney Island Avenue, connecting the Prospect Park area and Downtown Brooklyn to the famous oceanfront attractions of Coney Island and Brighton Beach. The area surrounding a roughly one-mile stretch of Coney Island Avenue is home to a sizable population of Pakistani Americans, occasioning the informal name \"Little Pakistan\". Coney Island Avenue Coney Island Avenue is a roadway in the New York City borough of Brooklyn that runs north-south for a distance of roughly five miles, almost parallel to Ocean Parkway and Ocean Avenue. It begins at Brighton Beach Avenue in Coney Island and goes north to Park Circle at the southwest corner of Prospect Park, where it becomes Prospect Park Southwest. Near-parallel Ocean Parkway terminates five blocks south and three blocks west of that intersection, becoming the Prospect Expressway (New York State Route 27). Ocean Parkway originally extended north to Park Circle, where Coney Island Avenue meets"
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"retrieved": [
"Hannah Twynnoy Hannah Twynnoy (1669/70-1703) is the first person to have been killed by a tiger in Britain, as attested to by a formal contemporary source. Twynnoy, by repute and according to a memorial plaque now lost, was an early 18th-century barmaid working in The White Lion public house in the centre of the English market town of Malmesbury in Wiltshire. All that remains from the time, to corroborate the narrative of her death, is her gravestone, in a corner of the churchyard of Malmesbury Abbey. The sources are threefold: her gravestone, a 19th-century local history and ongoing oral history Her gravestone records her name and death at the age of 33 on 23 October 1703, with a relatively long, evocative poem which reads: Historian John Bowen has found a local history with a more detailed account of the death as, it states, placed on a plaque on the wall of the parish church in Hullavington, a village from Malmesbury. The plaque (see box for wording) that appeared to have been installed soon after her death, in the first years of the 18th century, was recorded in the Victorian period by a local historian and may since have been sold, melted down or stolen. The common thread of such stories by word of mouth from generation to generation, matches exactly the plaque, almost always with less formal wording, stating that Hannah Twynnoy was a barmaid working at a pub called the White Lion in Malmesbury (8 Gloucester Street, later converted to a private house) in 1703 when a menagerie arrived to set up in the pub's large rear yard. Among the animals there was included a tiger, which Hannah was warned against upsetting. She liked bothering the animal until one day it got tired of it and mauled her. Hannah did not survive. Poetic epitaphs on gravestones were popular at the turn of the 18th century, but generally only for the wealthy and celebrated. A gravestone and a plot in the churchyard of Malmesbury Abbey for any woman, who could not have been a priest or a priest's wife, would have been costly, even without engaging the services of a poet. The identity of the patron who paid for her tombstone and plot remains a mystery, although they may have been donated by the church and vestry. Her connection with the village of Hullavington, which kept family records at this time, seems anomalous. Her sole connection comes from a later local historian giving the wording and location of a plaque. The parish registers and Bishops transcripts for Malmesbury contain no entry, between 1635 and 1700, for anyone named Twynnoy. However, the Malmsbury parish register for October 24, 1703, (burials), states: Hannah Twynney kild by a Tygre at ye White Lyon. In 1993 a new residential road in Malmesbury was named 'Twynnoy Close'. In 2003, on the 300th anniversary of the death, a ceremony was carried out at the grave when every schoolgirl in the town, younger than 11 and named Hannah, placed a flower on the grave. Twynnoy was featured in the 'Stupid Deaths' segment of the CBBC programme \"Horrible Histories\" (Series 4, Episode 6). Hannah Twynnoy Hannah Twynnoy (1669/70-1703) is the first person to have been killed by a tiger in Britain, as attested to by a formal contemporary source. Twynnoy, by repute and according to a memorial plaque now lost, was an early 18th-century barmaid working in The White Lion public house in the centre of the English market town of Malmesbury in Wiltshire. All that remains from the time, to corroborate the narrative of her death, is"
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"Hendecagon In geometry, a hendecagon (also undecagon or endecagon) or 11-gon is an eleven-sided polygon. (The name \"hendecagon\", from Greek \"hendeka\" \"eleven\" and \"gon–\" \"corner\", is often preferred to the hybrid \"undecagon\", whose first part is formed from Latin \"undecim\" \"eleven\".) A \"regular hendecagon\" is represented by Schläfli symbol {11}. A regular hendecagon has internal angles of 147.27 degrees (=147 formula_1 degrees). The area of a regular hendecagon with side length \"a\" is given by As 11 is not a Fermat prime, the regular hendecagon is not constructible with compass and straightedge. Because 11 is not a Pierpont prime, construction of a regular hendecagon is still impossible even with the usage of an angle trisector. It can, however, be constructed via neusis construction and also via two-fold origami. Close approximations to the regular hendecagon can be constructed, however. For instance, the ancient Greek mathematicians approximated the side length of a hendecagon inscribed in a unit circle as being 14/25 units long. The following construction description is given by T. Drummond from 1800: On a unit circle: The \"regular hendecagon\" has Dih symmetry, order 22. Since 11 is a prime number there is one subgroup with dihedral symmetry: Dih, and 2 cyclic group symmetries: Z, and Z. These 4 symmetries can be seen in 4 distinct symmetries on the hendecagon. John Conway labels these by a letter and group order. Full symmetry of the regular form is r22 and no symmetry is labeled a1. The dihedral symmetries are divided depending on whether they pass through vertices (d for diagonal) or edges (p for perpendiculars), and i when reflection lines path through both edges and vertices. Cyclic symmetries in the middle column are labeled as g for their central gyration orders. Each subgroup symmetry allows one or more degrees of freedom for irregular forms. Only the g11 subgroup has no degrees of freedom but can seen as directed edges. The Canadian dollar coin, the loonie, is similar to, but not exactly, a regular hendecagonal prism, as are the Indian 2-rupee coin and several other lesser-used coins of other nations. The cross-section of a loonie is actually a Reuleaux hendecagon. The United States Susan B. Anthony dollar has a hendecagonal outline along the inside of its edges. The hendecagon shares the same set of 11 vertices with four regular hendecagrams: Hendecagon In geometry, a hendecagon (also undecagon or endecagon) or 11-gon is an"
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"retrieved": [
"SV ARC ARC (Alphense Racing Club) is a Dutch association football club from Alphen aan den Rijn. In the 2017–18 season it competes in the Eerste Klasse. ARC played several times in the national KNVB Cup. ARC was established on 22 February 1927. In the 1990s ARC played mostly in the Eerste Klasse. It won the title in the Saturday Hoofdklasse A division in 1998. That same year, it agreed with the neighboring football clubs not to offer improved contracts to each other's players. In the national cup of 1998–99 and 1999–00 ARC competed in the group rounds but failed to classify for the finals. In the 2000s ARC played mostly in the Hoofdklasse. In the 2010–11 KNVB Cup ARC beat SV Venray 4-0. In the next round it lost against Heracles Almelo, 3-0. In the 2011–12 national cup it beat Quick '20 6-2. In the next round it lost against MVV Maastricht, 8-0. In 2010 the club was a serious candidate for Topklasse even though it had finished the season only in the position in the Hoofdklasse. The opportunity was there because the Topklasse was founded that year and would fill with Hoofdklasse teams, among others. Still the decisive game against Be Quick 1887 finished in 1-1 also after extra time. ARC finally made it in through penalties. Subsequently, ARC played two years in the Topklasse. It was never a natural fit. Its best achievement was an 11th position in 2011. In 2012 it ended 16th out of 16 and relegated. In 2013 relegated once more, this time from the 12th slot in the Hoofdklasse. Since, it competes successfully in the Eerste Klasse. Its high was 2nd in 2018 and its low was 11th in 2017. SV ARC ARC (Alphense Racing Club) is a Dutch association football club from"
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