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Vampire
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A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence -LRB- generally in the form of blood -RRB- of the living . In European folklore , vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive . They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance , markedly different from today 's gaunt , pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century . Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures ; the term vampire , previously an arcane subject , was popularised in the West in the early 19th century , after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent , such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe ; local variants were also known by different names , such as shtriga in Albania , vrykolakas in Greece and strigoi in Romania . This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism . In modern times , the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity , although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the chupacabra still persists in some cultures . Early folk belief in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of the body 's process of decomposition after death and how people in pre-industrial societies tried to rationalise this , creating the figure of the vampire to explain the mysteries of death . Porphyria was also linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure , but has since been largely discredited . The charismatic and sophisticated vampire of modern fiction was born in 1819 with the publication of The Vampyre by John Polidori ; the story was highly successful and arguably the most influential vampire work of the early 19th century . Bram Stoker 's 1897 novel Dracula is remembered as the quintessential vampire novel and provided the basis of the modern vampire legend . The success of this book spawned a distinctive vampire genre , still popular in the 21st century , with books , films , and television shows . The vampire has since become a dominant figure in the horror genre .
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Ulysses_S._Grant
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Ulysses S. Grant -LRB- born Hiram Ulysses Grant ; April 27 , 1822 -- July 23 , 1885 -RRB- was the 18th President of the United States -LRB- 1869 -- 77 -RRB- . As Commanding General -LRB- 1864 -- 69 -RRB- , Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War . Supported by Congress , Grant implemented Reconstruction , often at odds with President Andrew Johnson . Twice elected president , Grant led the Republicans in their effort to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery , protect African-American citizenship , and support economic prosperity . His presidency has often been criticized for tolerating corruption and for the economic depression in his second term . Grant graduated in 1843 from the United States Military Academy at West Point , then served in the Mexican -- American War . After the war he married Julia Boggs Dent in 1848 , their marriage producing four children . Grant initially retired from the Army in 1854 . He struggled financially in civilian life . When the Civil War began in 1861 , he rejoined the U.S. Army . In 1862 , Grant took control of Kentucky and most of Tennessee , and led Union forces to victory in the Battle of Shiloh , earning a reputation as an aggressive commander . In July 1863 , after a series of coordinated battles , Grant defeated Confederate armies and seized Vicksburg , giving the Union control of the Mississippi River and dividing the Confederacy in two . After his victories in the Chattanooga Campaign , Lincoln promoted him to lieutenant general and Commanding General of the Army in March 1864 . Grant confronted Robert E. Lee in a series of bloody battles , trapping Lee 's army in their defense of Richmond . Grant coordinated a series of devastating campaigns in other theaters , as well . In April 1865 , Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox , effectively ending the war . Historians have hailed Grant 's military genius , and his strategies are featured in military history textbooks , but a minority contend that he won by brute force rather than superior strategy . After the Civil War , Grant led the army 's supervision of Reconstruction in the former Confederate states . Elected president in 1868 , he stabilized the nation during that turbulent period , prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan , and enforced civil rights and voting rights laws using the army and the newly created Department of Justice . He also used the army to build the Republican Party in the South . After the disenfranchisement of some former Confederates , Republicans gained majorities , and African Americans were elected to Congress and high state offices . The Democrats and Liberal Republicans united behind Grant 's opponent in the presidential election of 1872 , but were unable to defeat his reelection . In his second term , the Republican coalitions in the South splintered and were defeated one by one as redeemers -LRB- conservative whites -RRB- regained control using coercion and violence . In response , Grant signed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 into law . In May 1875 , Grant authorized his Secretary of Treasury Benjamin Bristow to prosecute the corrupt Whiskey Ring . Grant 's Indian Peace Policy , incorporating Christian missionaries , initially reduced frontier violence , but it is best known for the Great Sioux War of 1876 . Grant 's administration faced charges of corruption more than that of any other 19th Century president . He appointed the first Civil Service Commission and signed legislation ending the corrupt moiety system . In foreign policy , Grant was uneven , having sought to increase trade and influence while remaining at peace with the world . When Grant relied on his Secretary of State Hamilton Fish , his administration successfully resolved the Alabama claims by the Treaty of Washington with Great Britain , ending wartime tensions . Additionally , Grant and Fish avoided war with Spain over the Virginius Affair negotiating a peaceful resolution . Congress rejected Grant 's own attempted annexation of the Dominican Republic initiative , creating a rift among Republicans . His administration implemented a gold standard and sought to strengthen the dollar . Corruption charges escalated during his second term , while his response to the Panic of 1873 proved ineffective nationally in halting the five-year industrial depression that produced high unemployment , low prices , low profits , and bankruptcies . Grant left office in 1877 and embarked on a two-year diplomatic world tour that captured the nation 's attention . In 1880 , Grant was unsuccessful in obtaining the Republican presidential nomination for a third term . Facing severe investment reversals and dying of throat cancer , he wrote his memoirs , which proved to be a major literary work and financial success . His death in 1885 prompted an outpouring in support of national unity . Historical assessment of Grant 's legacy has varied considerably over the years . Early historical evaluations were negative about Grant 's presidency , often focusing on the corruption charges against his associates . This trend began to change in the later 20th century . Scholars in general rank his presidency below the average , but modern research , in part focusing on civil rights , evaluates his administration more positively .
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Ursus_-LRB-genus-RRB-
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Ursus is a genus in the family Ursidae -LRB- bears -RRB- that includes the widely distributed brown bears , the polar bear , and black bears . The name is derived from the Latin ursus , meaning bear .
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Undisputed_champion
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In professional boxing , the undisputed champion of a weight class is a boxer who is recognized as the world champion at that class by each boxing organization .
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Uee
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Kim Yu-jin -LRB- born April 9 , 1988 -RRB- , better known by her stage name Uee -LRB- sometimes romanized as U - -RRB- , is a South Korean singer and actress . She is best known for being a former member of South Korean girl group After School from 2009 to 2017 , and has acted in various television dramas including Queen Seondeok -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Ojakgyo Family -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Jeon Woo-chi -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Golden Rainbow -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , High Society -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Marriage Contract -LRB- 2016 -RRB- .
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Urvashi_Rautela
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Urvashi Rautela -LRB- born 25 February 1994 -RRB- is an Indian film actress and model who predominantly works in Hindi films . Rautela was crowned Miss Diva - 2015 and represented India at Miss Universe 2015 pageant . She made her Bollywood debut with the film Singh Saab the Great -LRB- 2013 -RRB- followed by Sanam Re -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Great Grand Masti -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and Kaabil -LRB- 2017 -RRB- .
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United_States_Astronaut_Hall_of_Fame
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The United States Astronaut Hall of Fame , located just south of Titusville , Florida , honored American astronauts and featured the world 's largest collection of their personal memorabilia , focusing on those astronauts who have been inducted into the Hall ; as well as Sigma 7 , the fifth manned Mercury spacecraft . Along with Sigma 7 , outside of the building stands a full-scale replica of Space Shuttle Inspiration where visitors can enter the inside and view . It is operated as part of the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex , 6 mi to the east on Merritt Island . The Hall of Fame closed to the public on November 2 , 2015 , in preparation for its relocation and re-launch in late 2016 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex .
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U.S._state
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A U.S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America . There are 50 states , which are bound together in a union with each other . Each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory , and shares its sovereignty with the United States federal government . Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the federal government , Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside . State citizenship and residency are flexible , and no government approval is required to move between states , except for persons covered by certain types of court orders -LRB- e.g. , paroled convicts and children of divorced spouses who are sharing custody -RRB- . States range in population from just under 600,000 -LRB- Wyoming -RRB- to over 39 million -LRB- California -RRB- , and in area from 1214 sqmi -LRB- Rhode Island -RRB- to 663268 sqmi -LRB- Alaska -RRB- . Four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names . States are divided into counties or county-equivalents , which may be assigned some local governmental authority but are not sovereign . County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state . State governments are allocated power by the people -LRB- of each respective state -RRB- through their individual constitutions . All are grounded in republican principles , and each provides for a government , consisting of three branches : executive , legislative , and judicial . States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution ; among them ratifying constitutional amendments . Historically , the tasks of local law enforcement , public education , public health , regulating intrastate commerce , and local transportation and infrastructure have generally been considered primarily state responsibilities , although all of these now have significant federal funding and regulation as well . Over time , the U.S. Constitution has been amended , and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed . The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation , with the federal government playing a much larger role than it once did . There is a continuing debate over states ' rights , which concerns the extent and nature of the states ' powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government and the rights of individuals . States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress , a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives . Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators , and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House . Representatives are elected from single-member districts ; seats in the House are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census . Each state is also entitled to select a number of electors to vote in the Electoral College , the body that elects the President of the United States , equal to the total of representatives and senators from that state . The Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union . Since the establishment of the United States in 1776 , the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50 . Alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted , both in 1959 . The Constitution is silent on the question of whether states have the power to secede -LRB- withdraw -RRB- from the Union . Shortly after the Civil War , the U.S. Supreme Court , in Texas v. White , held that a state can not unilaterally do so .
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Tyne_Daly
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Ellen Tyne Daly -LRB- born February 21 , 1946 -RRB- is an American stage and screen actress . She has won six Emmy Awards for her television work and a Tony Award , and is a 2011 American Theatre Hall of Fame inductee . Daly began her career on stage in summer stock in New York , and made her Broadway debut in the play That Summer -- That Fall in 1967 . She is best known for her television role as Detective Mary Beth Lacey in Cagney & Lacey -LRB- 1982 -- 88 -RRB- , for which she is a four-time Emmy Award winner as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series . In 1989 , she starred in the Broadway revival of Gypsy and won the 1990 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical . Her other TV roles include Alice Henderson in Christy -LRB- 1994 -- 95 -RRB- , for which she won an Emmy in 1996 and Maxine Gray in Judging Amy -LRB- 1999 -- 2005 -RRB- , which won her a sixth Emmy in 2003 . Her other Broadway credits include The Seagull -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , her Tony-nominated role in Rabbit Hole -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and her Tony-nominated role in Mothers and Sons -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . She played Maria Callas , both on Broadway and in London 's West End , in the play Master Class -LRB- 2011 -- 12 -RRB- .
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Varicella_zoster_virus
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Varicella zoster virus -LRB- VZV -RRB- is one of eight herpesviruses known to infect humans . VZV infections are species-specific to humans . It causes chickenpox -LRB- varicella -RRB- , a disease most commonly affecting children , teens and young adults and herpes zoster -LRB- shingles -RRB- in older adults ; shingles is rare in children . VZV is known by many names , including chickenpox virus , varicella virus , zoster virus , and human herpesvirus type 3 -LRB- HHV-3 -RRB- . VZV multiplies in the lungs , and causes a wide variety of symptoms . After the primary infection -LRB- chickenpox -RRB- , the virus goes dormant in the nerves , including the cranial nerve ganglia , dorsal root ganglia , and autonomic ganglia . Many years after the patient has recovered from chickenpox , VZV can reactivate to cause neurologic conditions .
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Twenty_One_Pilots_-LRB-album-RRB-
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Twenty One Pilots is the self-titled debut studio album by American band Twenty One Pilots , released independently on December 29 , 2009 . The album sold 115,000 copies and peaked at number 139 on the U.S. Billboard 200 . This is the only album to feature Nick Thomas and Chris Salih before they both left the band in 2011 .
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Urban_area
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An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment . Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities , towns , conurbations or suburbs . In urbanism , the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment . The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning , which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment . The world 's urban population in 1950 of just 746 million has increased to 3.9 billion in the decades since . In 2009 , the number of people living in urban areas -LRB- 3.42 billion -RRB- surpassed the number living in rural areas -LRB- 3.41 billion -RRB- and since then the world has become more urban than rural . This was the first time that the majority of the world 's population lived in a city . In 2014 there were 7.25 billion people living on the planet , of which the global urban population comprised 3.9 billion . The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs at that time predicted the urban population would grow to 6.4 billion by 2050 , with 37 % of that growth to come from three countries : China , India and Nigeria . Urban areas are created and further developed by the process of urbanization . Urban areas are measured for various purposes , including analyzing population density and urban sprawl . Unlike an urban area , a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area , but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city , typically by employment ties through commuting , with the urban core city being the primary labor market .
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Ultron
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Ultron -LRB- -LSB- ˈʌltrən -RSB- -RRB- is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is most recognized as a nemesis of the Avengers , and has a quasi-familial relationship with his creator Hank Pym . He was the first Marvel Comics character to wield the fictitious metal alloy adamantium . Ultron has been voiced by Tom Kane and by Jim Meskimen in several media adaptations . The character is portrayed by James Spader in the 2015 film Avengers : Age of Ultron .
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United_States_Naval_Academy
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The United States Naval Academy -LRB- also known as USNA , Annapolis , or simply Navy -RRB- is a four-year coeducational federal service academy in Annapolis , Maryland , United States . Established on 10 October 1845 , under Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft , it is the second oldest of the United States ' five service academies , and educates officers for commissioning primarily into the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps . The 338 acre campus is located on the former grounds of Fort Severn at the confluence of the Severn River and Chesapeake Bay in Anne Arundel County , 33 mi east of Washington , D.C. and 26 mi southeast of Baltimore . The entire campus is a National Historic Landmark and home to many historic sites , buildings , and monuments . It replaced Philadelphia Naval Asylum , in Philadelphia , that served as the first United States Naval Academy from 1838 to 1845 when the Naval Academy formed in Annapolis . Candidates for admission generally must both apply directly to the academy and receive a nomination , usually from a Member of Congress . Students are officers-in-training and are referred to as midshipmen . Tuition for midshipmen is fully funded by the Navy in exchange for an active duty service obligation upon graduation . Approximately 1,200 `` plebes '' -LRB- an abbreviation of the Ancient Roman word plebeian -RRB- enter the Academy each summer for the rigorous Plebe Summer , but only about 1,000 midshipmen graduate . Graduates are usually commissioned as ensigns in the Navy or second lieutenants in the Marine Corps , but a small number can also be cross-commissioned as officers in other U.S. services , and the services of allied nations . The United States Naval Academy has some of the highest paid graduates in the country according to starting salary . The academic program grants a bachelor of science degree with a curriculum that grades midshipmen 's performance upon a broad academic program , military leadership performance , and mandatory participation in competitive athletics . Midshipmen are required to adhere to the academy 's Honor Concept .
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UEFA_Euro_2008
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The 2008 UEFA European Football Championship , commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2008 or simply Euro 2008 , was the 13th UEFA European Football Championship , a quadrennial football tournament contested by European nations . It took place in Austria and Switzerland -LRB- both hosting the tournament for the first time -RRB- from 7 to 29 June 2008 . The tournament was won by Spain , who defeated Germany 1 -- 0 in the final . Spain were only the second nation to win all their group stage fixtures and then the European Championship itself - an accomplishment matched by France in 1984 . Spain were also the first team since Germany in 1996 to win the tournament undefeated . Greece were the defending champions going into the tournament , having won UEFA Euro 2004 . They recorded the worst finish in Euro 2008 , losing their three group fixtures and collecting the least amount of prize money . Throughout 31 matches , the participating nations totalled 77 goals , the same as the previous tournament . Austria and Switzerland automatically qualified as hosts ; the remaining 14 teams were determined through qualifying matches , which began in August 2006 . As European champions , Spain earned the right to compete for the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup in South Africa .
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Until_Dawn
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Until Dawn is an interactive drama survival horror adventure video game developed by Supermassive Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 4 . It was originally scheduled to be released on the PlayStation 3 and feature PlayStation Move support , but in August 2014 the game was reintroduced as a PlayStation 4 exclusive , and was released worldwide in August 2015 . Set in Western Canada , Until Dawn centers around a group of eight teenagers who decide to vacation for a night in a cabin on the fictional Blackwood Mountain , exactly one year after the disappearance of two girls , the twin sisters of a member of their group . Shortly after arriving , the gang find themselves under attack by a psychopath , and must attempt to survive until sunrise . Throughout the adventure , players alternate between all eight characters , making critical decisions as the story advances which drastically affects the game 's outcome , leading to hundreds of different scenarios . Until Dawn was met with a positive critical response upon release , with praise directed at the visuals , ` choice ' mechanic , horror elements , music , characters , voice acting , and gameplay design . Most of the criticism the game drew concerned the second half of the story , the camera angles , character movement , and the game 's partially linear plot .
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Unpredictable_-LRB-Jamie_Foxx_album-RRB-
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Unpredictable is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter and actor Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 27 , 2005 , by J Records . Recording sessions took place from 2004 to 2005 , with the production that was provided by Timbaland , Mike City , Sean Garrett and Jim Jonsin , among others . The album serves as a follow-up to the release of Peep This -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , which occurred to be his first studio release in eleven years . The album was supported by four singles : `` Extravaganza '' featuring Kanye West , the title track `` Unpredictable '' featuring Ludacris , `` DJ Play a Love Song '' featuring Twista , and `` Can I Take U Home '' . Upon its release , Unpredictable received generally mixed reviews from music critics , who were ambivalent towards its lyrical content and production . The album debuted at number 2 , beating behind Mary J. Blige 's The Breakthrough on the US Billboard 200 , with 597,000 copies in its first week . In the second week , the album rose to number one , overtaking Blige , making Foxx as the fourth artist to ever won a Academy Award for acting , while achieving a number-one album on the US Billboard charts .
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University_of_Tennessee
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The University of Tennessee -LRB- also referred to as The University of Tennessee , Knoxville , UT Knoxville , UTK , or UT -RRB- is a public sun - and land-grant university in Knoxville , Tennessee , United States . Founded in 1794 , two years before Tennessee became the 16th state , it is the flagship campus of the University of Tennessee system , with nine undergraduate colleges and eleven graduate colleges . It hosts almost 28,000 students from all 50 states and more than 100 foreign countries . In its 2017 universities ranking , U.S. News & World Report ranked UT 103rd among all national universities and 46th among public institutions of higher learning . Seven alumni have been selected as Rhodes Scholars . James M. Buchanan , M.S. ' 41 , received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Economics . UT 's ties to nearby Oak Ridge National Laboratory , established under UT President Andrew Holt and continued under the UT -- Battelle partnership , allow for considerable research opportunities for faculty and students . Also affiliated with the university are the Howard H. Baker , Jr. . Center for Public Policy , the University of Tennessee Anthropological Research Facility , and the University of Tennessee Arboretum , which occupies 250 acre of nearby Oak Ridge and features hundreds of species of plants indigenous to the region . The university is a direct partner of the University of Tennessee Medical Center , which is one of two Level I trauma centers in East Tennessee . The University of Tennessee is the only university in the nation to have three presidential papers editing projects . The university holds collections of the papers of all three U.S. presidents from Tennessee -- Andrew Jackson , James K. Polk , and Andrew Johnson . UT is one of the oldest public universities in the United States and the oldest secular institution west of the Eastern Continental Divide .
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Ukraine
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Ukraine -LRB- -LSB- juːˈkreɪn -RSB- Україна , tr . Ukraina -LSB- ukrɑˈjinɑ -RSB- -RRB- , sometimes called the Ukraine , is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe , bordered by Russia to the east and northeast , Belarus to the northwest , Poland and Slovakia to the west , Hungary , Romania , and Moldova to the southwest , and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast , respectively . Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian . Including Crimea , Ukraine has an area of 603628 km ² , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world . It has a population of about 42.5 million , making it the 32nd most populous country in the world . The territory of modern Ukraine has been inhabited since 32,000 BC . During the Middle Ages , the area was a key centre of East Slavic culture , with the powerful state of Kievan Rus ' forming the basis of Ukrainian identity . Following its fragmentation in the 13th century , the territory was contested , ruled and divided by a variety of powers , including Lithuania , Poland , the Ottoman Empire , Austria-Hungary , and Russia . A Cossack republic emerged and prospered during the 17th and 18th centuries , but its territory was eventually split between Poland and the Russian Empire , and later merged fully into Russia . During the 20th century three periods of independence occurred . The first of these periods occurred briefly near the end of World War I and the second occurred , also briefly , during World War II . However , both of these first two earlier periods would eventually see Ukraine 's territories consolidated back into a Soviet republic within the USSR . The third period of independence began in 1991 , when Ukraine gained its independence from the Soviet Union in the aftermath of its dissolution at the end of the Cold War . Ukraine has fiercely maintained its independence as a sovereign state ever since . Before its independence , Ukraine was typically referred to in English as `` The Ukraine '' , but sources since then have moved to drop `` the '' from the name of Ukraine in all uses . Following its independence , Ukraine declared itself a neutral state . Nonetheless it formed a limited military partnership with the Russian Federation and other CIS countries and a partnership with NATO in 1994 . In the 2000s , the government began leaning towards NATO , and a deeper cooperation with the alliance was set by the NATO-Ukraine Action Plan signed in 2002 . It was later agreed that the question of joining NATO should be answered by a national referendum at some point in the future . Former President Viktor Yanukovych considered the current level of co-operation between Ukraine and NATO sufficient , and was against Ukraine joining NATO . In 2013 , protests against the government of President Yanukovych broke out in downtown Kiev after the government had decided to suspend the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement and seek closer economic ties with Russia . After this began a several-months-long wave of demonstrations and protests known as the Euromaidan , which later escalated into the 2014 Ukrainian revolution that led to the overthrow of President Yanukovych and his cabinet and the establishment of a new government . These events formed the background for the annexation of Crimea by Russia in March 2014 , and the War in Donbass in April 2014 . On 1 January 2016 , Ukraine applied the economic part of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area with the European Union . Ukraine has long been a global breadbasket because of its extensive , fertile farmlands and is one of the world 's largest grain exporters . The diversified economy of Ukraine includes a large heavy industry sector , particularly in aerospace and industrial equipment . Ukraine is a unitary republic under a semi-presidential system with separate powers : legislative , executive and judicial branches . Its capital and largest city is Kiev . Taking into account reserves and paramilitary personnel , Ukraine maintains the second-largest military in Europe after that of Russia . The country is home to 42.5 million people -LRB- excluding Crimea -RRB- , 77.8 percent of whom are Ukrainians `` by ethnicity '' , followed by a sizeable minority of Russians -LRB- 17.3 percent -RRB- as well as Romanians/Moldovans , Belarusians , Crimean Tatars , Bulgarians and Hungarians . Ukrainian is the official language and its alphabet is Cyrillic . The dominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodoxy , which has strongly influenced Ukrainian architecture , literature and music .
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Uta_Hagen
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Uta Thyra Hagen -LRB- 12 June 1919 -- 14 January 2004 -RRB- was an American actress and theatre practitioner . She originated the role of Martha in the 1962 Broadway premiere of Who 's Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? by Edward Albee -LRB- who called her `` a profoundly truthful actress '' -RRB- . Because Hagen was on the Hollywood blacklist , in part because of her association with Paul Robeson , her film opportunities dwindled and she focused her career on New York theatre . She later became a highly influential acting teacher at New York 's Herbert Berghof Studio and authored best-selling acting texts , Respect for Acting , with Haskel Frankel , and A Challenge for the Actor . Her most substantial contributions to theatre pedagogy were a series of `` object exercises '' that built on the work of Konstantin Stanislavski and Yevgeny Vakhtangov . She was elected to the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1981 . She twice won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play and received a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1999 .
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Umkhonto_we_Sizwe
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uMkhonto we Sizwe -LRB- abbreviated as MK , -LSB- uˈmkʰonto we ˈsizwe -RSB- , meaning `` Spear of the Nation '' -RRB- was the armed wing of the African National Congress -LRB- ANC -RRB- , co-founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre . Its founding represented the conviction in the face of the massacre that the ANC could no longer limit itself to nonviolent protest ; its mission was to fight against the South African government . After warning the South African government in June 1961 of its intent to resist further acts of government instituted terror if the government did not take steps toward constitutional reform and increase political rights , MK launched its first attacks against government installations on 16 December 1961 . It was subsequently classified as a terrorist organisation by the South African government and the United States , and banned . For a time it was headquartered in the affluent suburb of Rivonia , in Johannesburg . On 11 July 1963 , 19 ANC and MK leaders , including Nelson Mandela , Arthur Goldreich and Walter Sisulu , were arrested at Liliesleaf Farm , Rivonia . The farm was privately owned by Arthur Goldreich and bought with South African Communist Party and ANC funds , as individuals who were not white were unable to own a property in that area under the Group Areas Act . This was followed by the Rivonia Trial , in which ten leaders of the ANC were tried for 221 militant acts designed to `` foment violent revolution '' . Wilton Mkwayi , chief of MK at the time , escaped during trial . MK was integrated into the South African National Defence Force by 1994 .
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Valkyrie_-LRB-film-RRB-
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Valkyrie is a 2008 American-German historical thriller film set in Nazi Germany during World War II . The film depicts the 20 July plot in 1944 by German army officers to assassinate Adolf Hitler and to use the Operation Valkyrie national emergency plan to take control of the country . Valkyrie was directed by Bryan Singer for the American studio United Artists , and the film stars Tom Cruise as Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg , one of the key plotters . The cast included Kenneth Branagh , Bill Nighy , Eddie Izzard , Terence Stamp and Tom Wilkinson . Cruise 's casting caused controversy among German politicians and members of the von Stauffenberg family due to the actor 's practice of Scientology , which is viewed with suspicion in Germany . Because of this , the filmmakers initially had difficulty setting up filming locations in Germany , but they were later given access to film in locations , including Berlin 's historic Bendlerblock . German newspapers and filmmakers supported the film and its attempt to spread global awareness of von Stauffenberg 's plot . The film changed release dates several times , from as early as June 27 , 2008 , to as late as February 14 , 2009 . The changing calendar and poor response to United Artists ' initial marketing campaign drew criticism about the studio 's viability . After a positive test screening , Valkyries release in North America was ultimately changed to December 25 , 2008 . United Artists renewed its marketing campaign to reduce its focus on Cruise and to highlight Singer 's credentials . The film received mixed reviews in the United States and in Germany , where it opened commercially on January 22 , 2009 .
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Twitter
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Twitter -LRB- -LSB- ˈtwɪtər -RSB- -RRB- is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages , `` tweets '' , restricted to 140 characters . Registered users can post tweets , but those who are unregistered can only read them . Users access Twitter through its website interface , SMS or a mobile device app . Twitter Inc. is based in San Francisco , California , United States , and has more than 25 offices around the world . Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey , Noah Glass , Biz Stone , and Evan Williams and launched in July . The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity . In 2012 , more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day , and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day . In 2013 , it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as `` the SMS of the Internet '' . As of 2016 , Twitter had more than 319 million monthly active users . On the day of the 2016 U.S. presidential election , Twitter proved to be the largest source of breaking news , with 40 million election-related tweets sent by 10 p.m. -LRB- Eastern Time -RRB- that day .
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Up_in_the_Air_-LRB-song-RRB-
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`` Up in the Air '' is a song recorded by American rock band Thirty Seconds to Mars , featured on their fourth studio album , Love , Lust , Faith and Dreams -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Written by lead vocalist Jared Leto , who also produced the song with Steve Lillywhite , `` Up in the Air '' is as an introspective and passionate track reflecting upon human consciousness . It marked a departure from much of the band 's previous work as it incorporates a more electronic-influenced sound as well as elements from new wave music . `` Up in the Air '' was released on March 18 , 2013 , as the lead single from the album . It premiered on the same day from the International Space Station , after being launched aboard a spacecraft loaded with scientific experiments and other equipments . Critical reception to the song was mostly positive , with much of the praise going to its sonic variety and introspective lyrics . The track peaked at number three on the Alternative Songs in the United States and garnered significant commercial outcomes internationally , reaching the top fifteen of Finland , Lebanon , Portugal , and Russia . The accompanying music video , directed by Leto , features conceptual imagery filled with references to different art forms . It received a largely positive response from critics , who lauded the video 's symbolic nature and visuals . It was nominated for numerous accolades , including three awards at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards , where it won Best Rock Video . Thirty Seconds to Mars performed `` Up in the Air '' on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! and Conan , and included the song on the setlist of their Love , Lust , Faith and Dreams Tour and subsequent Carnivores Tour .
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United_States_Senate
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The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .
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United_States_presidential_election,_1900
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The United States presidential election of 1900 was the 29th quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 6 , 1900 . The election was a re-match of the 1896 race between Republican candidate and incumbent President William McKinley and his Democratic challenger , William Jennings Bryan . The Republican Convention chose New York Governor Theodore Roosevelt as McKinley 's running mate , since Vice-President Garret Hobart had died from heart failure in 1899 . The return of economic prosperity and recent victory in the Spanish -- American War for control of the Philippines helped McKinley to score a decisive victory , while Bryan 's anti-imperialist stance and continued support for bimetallism attracted only limited support .
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United_Nations
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The United Nations -LRB- UN -RRB- is an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation and to create and maintain international order . A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations , the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict . At its founding , the UN had 51 member states ; there are now 193 . The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan , New York City , and experiences extraterritoriality . Further main offices are situated in Geneva , Nairobi , and Vienna . The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states . Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security , promoting human rights , fostering social and economic development , protecting the environment , and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine , natural disaster , and armed conflict . The UN is the largest , most familiar , most internationally represented and most powerful intergovernmental organisation in the world . The UN Charter was drafted at a conference between April -- June 1945 in San Francisco , and was signed on 26 June 1945 at the conclusion of the conference ; this charter took effect 24 October 1945 , and the UN began operation . The UN 's mission to preserve world peace was complicated in its early decades by the Cold War between the US and Soviet Union and their respective allies . The organization participated in major actions in Korea and the Congo , as well as approving the creation of the state of Israel in 1947 . The organization 's membership grew significantly following widespread decolonization in the 1960s , and by the 1970s its budget for economic and social development programmes far outstripped its spending on peacekeeping . After the end of the Cold War , the UN took on major military and peacekeeping missions across the world with varying degrees of success . The UN has six principal organs : the General Assembly -LRB- the main deliberative assembly -RRB- ; the Security Council -LRB- for deciding certain resolutions for peace and security -RRB- ; the Economic and Social Council -LRB- ECOSOC ; for promoting international economic and social co-operation and development -RRB- ; the Secretariat -LRB- for providing studies , information , and facilities needed by the UN -RRB- ; the International Court of Justice -LRB- the primary judicial organ -RRB- ; and the UN Trusteeship Council -LRB- inactive since 1994 -RRB- . UN System agencies include the World Bank Group , the World Health Organization , the World Food Programme , UNESCO , and UNICEF . The UN 's most prominent officer is the Secretary-General , an office held by Portuguese António Guterres since 2017 . Non-governmental organizations may be granted consultative status with ECOSOC and other agencies to participate in the UN 's work . The organization won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001 , and a number of its officers and agencies have also been awarded the prize . Other evaluations of the UN 's effectiveness have been mixed . Some commentators believe the organization to be an important force for peace and human development , while others have called the organization ineffective , corrupt , or biased .
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United_States_Army
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The United States Army -LRB- USA -RRB- is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations . It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution , Article 2 , Section 2 , Clause 1 and United States Code , Title 10 , Subtitle B , Chapter 301 , Section 3001 . As the largest and senior branch of the U.S. military , the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army , which was formed -LRB- 14 June 1775 -RRB- to fight the American Revolutionary War -LRB- 1775 -- 1783 -RRB- -- before the U.S. was established as a country . After the Revolutionary War , the Congress of the Confederation created the United States Army on 3 June 1784 , to replace the disbanded Continental Army . The United States Army considers itself descended from the Continental Army , and dates its institutional inception from the origin of that armed force in 1775 . As a uniformed military service , the Army is part of the Department of the Army , which is one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense . The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian senior appointed civil servant , the Secretary of the Army -LRB- SECARMY -RRB- , and by a chief military officer , the Chief of Staff of the Army -LRB- CSA -RRB- who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff . In the fiscal year 2017 , the projected end strength for the Regular Army -LRB- USA -RRB- was 460,000 soldiers ; the Army National Guard -LRB- ARNG -RRB- had 335,000 soldiers , and the United States Army Reserve -LRB- USAR -RRB- had 195,000 soldiers ; the combined-component strength of the U.S. Army was 990,000 soldiers . As a branch of the armed forces , the mission of the U.S. Army is `` to fight and win our Nation 's wars , by providing prompt , sustained , land dominance , across the full range of military operations and the spectrum of conflict , in support of combatant commanders . '' The branch participates in conflicts worldwide and is the major ground-based offensive and defensive force of the United States .
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Ubisoft
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Ubisoft Entertainment SA -LRB- formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment Software -RRB- , doing business as Ubisoft -LRB- formerly Ubi Soft -RRB- , is a French multinational video game publisher , headquartered in Rennes , France . It is known for developing games for several acclaimed video game franchises including Assassin 's Creed , Far Cry , Just Dance , Prince of Persia , Rayman , and Tom Clancy 's .
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Uranus
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Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun . It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System . Uranus is similar in composition to Neptune , and both have different bulk chemical composition from that of the larger gas giants Jupiter and Saturn . For this reason , scientists often classify Uranus and Neptune as `` ice giants '' to distinguish them from the gas giants . Uranus 's atmosphere is similar to Jupiter 's and Saturn 's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium , but it contains more `` ices '' such as water , ammonia , and methane , along with traces of other hydrocarbons . It is the coldest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System , with a minimum temperature of 49 K , and has a complex , layered cloud structure with water thought to make up the lowest clouds and methane the uppermost layer of clouds . The interior of Uranus is mainly composed of ices and rock . Uranus is the only planet whose name is derived from a figure from Greek mythology , from the Latinised version of the Greek god of the sky Ouranos . Like the other giant planets , Uranus has a ring system , a magnetosphere , and numerous moons . The Uranian system has a unique configuration among those of the planets because its axis of rotation is tilted sideways , nearly into the plane of its solar orbit . Its north and south poles , therefore , lie where most other planets have their equators . In 1986 , images from Voyager 2 showed Uranus as an almost featureless planet in visible light , without the cloud bands or storms associated with the other giant planets . Observations from Earth have shown seasonal change and increased weather activity as Uranus approached its equinox in 2007 . Wind speeds can reach 250 m/s .
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Umbrella_-LRB-song-RRB-
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`` Umbrella '' is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her third studio album Good Girl Gone Bad -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . It features American rapper Jay Z , who co-wrote the song with its producers Tricky Stewart and Kuk Harrell , with additional writing from The-Dream . The song was originally written with Britney Spears in mind , but her label rejected it . `` Umbrella '' is a pop and R&B song with hip-hop and rock touches referring to a romantic and platonic relationship and the strength of that relationship . Entertainment Weekly ranked the song number one on the 10 Best Singles of 2007 , while Rolling Stone and Time listed the song at number three on the 100 Best Songs of 2007 . The song has earned Rihanna several awards and nominations . In 2007 , the song won two awards at the MTV Video Music Awards , when it was nominated for four . At the 2008 Grammy Awards , `` Umbrella '' also earned Rihanna and Jay Z a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration in addition to receiving nominations for Record of the Year and Song of the Year . The song is also listed on Rolling Stones The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time at 412 . The song serves as the lead single to the album , and was released worldwide on March 29 , 2007 through Def Jam Recordings . `` Umbrella '' was a commercial success , topping the charts in Australia , Canada , Germany , Spain , the Republic of Ireland , Sweden , Switzerland , the United Kingdom , and the United States . In the United Kingdom , where the song 's chart performance generated controversy when the country was experiencing excessive flooding and large amounts of rain at the time , it was one of the most played songs on radio in the 2000s -LRB- decade -RRB- . It managed to stay at number one on the UK Singles Chart for 10 consecutive weeks , the longest run at number one for any single of that decade , and is also one of the few songs to top the chart for at least 10 weeks . The single was one of the highest digital debuts in the United States and remained at the top of the US Billboard Hot 100 for seven consecutive weeks . The single 's accompanying music video was directed by Chris Applebaum and features , among all , Rihanna 's nude body covered in silver paint . The video earned Rihanna a Video of the Year at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards and Most Watched Video on MuchMusic.com at MuchMusic Video Awards . Along with countless amateurs , `` Umbrella '' has been covered by several notable performers from a variety of musical genres , including All Time Low , the Baseballs , Biffy Clyro , Manic Street Preachers , McFly , Mike Shinoda of Linkin Park , OneRepublic , Taylor Swift , and Vanilla Sky . Rihanna performed the song at the 2007 MTV Movie Awards , 2008 BRIT Awards and was the closing song of the `` Good Girl Gone Bad Tour '' -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , the `` Last Girl on Earth '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the `` Loud Tour '' -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . It was included in the `` Diamonds World Tour '' -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and the `` Anti World Tour '' -LRB- 2016 -RRB- .
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Tyler,_The_Creator
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Tyler Gregory Okonma -LRB- born March 6 , 1991 -RRB- , better known by his stage name Tyler , The Creator , is an American rapper , record producer , and music video director . Born in Ladera Heights , California , he rose to prominence as the leader and co-founder of the alternative hip hop collective Odd Future and has rapped on and produced songs for nearly every Odd Future release . Okonma creates all the artwork for the group 's releases and designs the group 's clothing and other merchandise as well . After releasing his debut album Goblin under XL Recordings , in April 2011 , he signed a joint venture deal for him and his label Odd Future Records , with RED Distribution and Sony Music Entertainment . Following that he released his second studio album Wolf , which was met with generally positive reviews and debuted at number three on the US Billboard 200 selling 90,000 copies in its first week . He has his own clothing company , called Golf Wang , started in 2011 , and a carnival , named Camp Flog Gnaw , hosted annually since 2012 . He runs his own streaming service Golf Media ; it contains original scripted series from Tyler himself and Camp Flog Gnaw streams there yearly .
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US_Open_-LRB-tennis-RRB-
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The United States Open Tennis Championships is a hardcourt tennis tournament . The tournament is the modern version of one of the oldest tennis championships in the world , the U.S. National Championship , for which men 's singles was first contested in 1881 . Since 1987 , the US Open has been chronologically the fourth and final tennis major comprising the Grand Slam each year ; the other three , in chronological order , are the Australian Open , the French Open and Wimbledon . The US Open is held annually , starting on the last Monday in August , and lasting for two weeks into September , with the middle weekend coinciding with the Labor Day holiday . The main tournament consists of five event championships : men 's and women 's singles , men 's and women 's doubles , and mixed doubles , with additional tournaments for senior , junior , and wheelchair players . Since 1978 , the tournament has been played on acrylic hard courts at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows -- Corona Park , Queens , New York City . The US Open is owned and organized by the United States Tennis Association -LRB- USTA -RRB- , a not-for-profit organization . Net proceeds from ticket sales , sponsorships , and television deals are used to promote the development of tennis in the United States . The US Open is the only Grand Slam that employs tiebreakers in every set of a match . For the other three Grand Slam events , if a match goes to the last possible set -LRB- the third for women , fifth for men -RRB- and there is a 6 -- 6 tie , the match continues until one player wins by two games , but the sets played before the last set always employ tiebreakers should a set reach 6 -- 6 .
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United_States_presidential_election,_1980
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The United States presidential election of 1980 was the 49th quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 4 , 1980 . The contest was between the Democratic national ticket of incumbent President Jimmy Carter from Georgia and Vice President Walter Mondale from Minnesota , and the Republican national ticket of Ronald Reagan , a former Hollywood actor and former Governor from California with his running mate George H.W. Bush , a former Congressman and CIA Director from Texas who would eventually win the presidency eight years later , as well as Republican Congressman John B. Anderson , who ran as an independent . Reagan , aided by the Iran hostage crisis and a worsening economy at home marked by high unemployment and inflation , won the election by a landslide , receiving the highest number of electoral votes ever won by a non-incumbent presidential candidate . Aged 69 at the time , Reagan became the oldest person to ever take the oval office , a record that was later surpassed by Republican Donald Trump , aged 70 , 36 years later . Carter , after defeating Edward M. `` Ted '' Kennedy , the long-time U.S. Senator from Massachusetts and brother of former president John F. Kennedy for the Democratic nomination , attacked Reagan as a dangerous right-wing extremist . For his part , Reagan pledged to uplift the pessimistic mood of the nation , and won a decisive victory ; in the simultaneous Congressional elections , Republicans won control of the United States Senate for the first time since 1955 . This election marked the beginning of what is called the `` Reagan Revolution '' or Reagan Era , and signified a conservative realignment in national politics .
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Uma_Thurman
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Uma Karuna Thurman -LRB- born April 29 , 1970 -RRB- is an American actress and model . She has performed in a variety of films , ranging from romantic comedies and dramas to science fiction and action movies . Following her appearances on the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British Vogue , she starred in Dangerous Liaisons -LRB- 1988 -RRB- . Thurman rose to international prominence with her performance in Quentin Tarantino 's Pulp Fiction -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award , the BAFTA Award and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . She starred in several more films throughout the 1990s such as Batman & Robin -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Gattaca -LRB- 1997 -RRB- and Les Misérables -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . Thurman was awarded the Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Film for Hysterical Blindness -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Hailed as Quentin Tarantino 's muse , she reunited with the director to play the main role in both Kill Bill films -LRB- 2003 -- 2004 -RRB- , which brought her two additional Golden Globe Award nominations . Other acting credits in the decade include Be Cool -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Producers -LRB- 2005 -RRB- and My Super Ex-Girlfriend -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . She received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for her five-episode role in Smash -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , and garnered critical praise for her supporting performance in the Volume I of Lars von Trier 's two-part art drama Nymphomaniac -LRB- 2013 -RRB- .
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V_for_Vendetta_-LRB-film-RRB-
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V for Vendetta is a 2005 dystopian political thriller film directed by James McTeigue and written by The Wachowski Brothers , based on the 1988 DC/Vertigo Comics limited series of the same name by Alan Moore and David Lloyd . The film is set in an alternative future where a neo-fascist regime has subjugated the United Kingdom . Hugo Weaving portrays V , an anarchist freedom fighter who attempts to ignite a revolution through elaborate terrorist acts and Natalie Portman plays Evey , a young , working-class woman caught up in V 's mission , while Stephen Rea portrays the detective leading a desperate quest to stop V. The film was originally scheduled for release by Warner Bros. on Friday , November 4 , 2005 -LRB- a day before the 400th Guy Fawkes Night -RRB- , but was delayed ; it opened on March 17 , 2006 , to positive reviews . Alan Moore , having been dissatisfied with the film adaptations of his other works From Hell -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , declined to watch the film and asked not to be credited or paid royalties . V for Vendetta has been seen by many political groups as an allegory of oppression by government ; libertarians and anarchists have used it to promote their beliefs . David Lloyd stated : `` The Guy Fawkes mask has now become a common brand and a convenient placard to use in protest against tyranny -- and I 'm happy with people using it , it seems quite unique , an icon of popular culture being used this way . ''
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Usain_Bolt
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Usain St Leo Bolt , OJ , CD -LRB- -LSB- ˈjuːseɪn -RSB- born 21 August 1986 -RRB- is a Jamaican sprinter . He is the first person to hold both the 100 metres and 200 metres world records since fully automatic time became mandatory . He also holds the world record as a part of the 4 × 100 metres relay . He is the reigning world and Olympic champion in these three events . Due to his unprecedented dominance and achievements in sprint competition , he is widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time . An eight-time Olympic gold medalist , Bolt won the 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay at three consecutive Olympic Games , although he subsequently lost one of the gold medals -LRB- as well as the world record set therein -RRB- nine years after the fact due to teammate Nesta Carter 's disqualification for doping offences . He gained worldwide popularity for his double sprint victory at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in world record times . Bolt is the only sprinter to win Olympic 100 m and 200 m titles at three consecutive olympics -LRB- 2008 , 2012 and 2016 -RRB- , a feat referred to as the `` triple double . '' An eleven-time World Champion , he won consecutive World Championship 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 metres relay gold medals from 2009 to 2015 , with the exception of a 100 m false start in 2011 . He is the most successful athlete of the World Championships and was the first athlete to win three titles in both the 100 m and 200 m at the competition . Bolt improved upon his first 100 m world record of 9.69 with 9.58 seconds in 2009 -- the biggest improvement since the start of electronic timing . He has twice broken the 200 metres world record , setting 19.30 in 2008 and 19.19 in 2009 . He has helped Jamaica to three 4 × 100 metres relay world records , with the current record being 36.84 seconds set in 2012 . Bolt 's most successful event is the 200 m , with three Olympic and four World titles . The 2008 Olympics was his international debut over 100 m ; he had earlier won numerous 200 m medals -LRB- including 2007 World Championship silver -RRB- and holds the world under-20 and world under-18 records for the event . His achievements as a sprinter have earned him the media nickname `` Lightning Bolt '' , and his awards include the IAAF World Athlete of the Year , Track & Field Athlete of the Year , and Laureus World Sportsman of the Year -LRB- four times -RRB- . Bolt has stated that he intends to retire from athletics after the 2017 World Championships .
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Twilight_-LRB-Meyer_novel-RRB-
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Twilight -LRB- stylized as twilight -RRB- -LRB- 2005 -RRB- is a young adult vampire-romance novel by author Stephenie Meyer . It is the first book in the Twilight series , and introduces seventeen-year-old Isabella `` Bella '' Swan , who moves from Phoenix , Arizona to Forks , Washington . She is endangered after falling in love with Edward Cullen , a vampire . Additional novels in the series are New Moon , Eclipse , and Breaking Dawn . Twilight received lukewarm reviews . Some praised the novel 's tone and its portrayal of common teenage emotions such as alienation and rebellion . Others criticized Meyer 's prose and argued the story was lacking in character development . It reached number five on the New York Times bestseller list within a month of its release and eventually reached first place . The novel was named one of Publishers Weekly 's Best Children 's Books of 2005 . The film adaptation , released in 2008 , was a commercial success , grossing more than $ 392 million worldwide and making an additional $ 157 million in North American DVD sales as of July 2009 . The book was the biggest-selling of 2008 ; in 2009 , it was the second-biggest selling , losing only to its sequel New Moon . As of 2008 , Twilight has been translated into 37 different languages . In October 2015 , Stephanie Meyer announced a new gender-swapped version of the novel , entitled Life and Death : Twilight Reimagined , with characters Beau and Edythe , in honor of the 10th anniversary of the Twilight saga .
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Twista
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Carl Terrell Mitchell -LRB- born November 27 , 1973 -RRB- , better known by his stage name Twista -LRB- formerly Tung Twista -RRB- , is an American rapper . He is best known for his chopper style of rapping and for once holding the title of fastest rapper in the world according to Guinness World Records in 1992 , being able to pronounce 598 syllables in 55 seconds . In 1997 , after appearing on Do or Die 's hit single `` Po Pimp '' , produced by The Legendary Traxster , Twista signed with Big Beat and Atlantic Records , where he released his third album Adrenaline Rush and formed the group Speedknot Mobstaz , in 1998 . His 2004 album Kamikaze reached the top of the US Billboard 200 album chart , after the success of the Billboard Hot 100 # 1 single `` Slow Jamz '' .
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Upright_Citizens_Brigade
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The Upright Citizens Brigade is an improvisational and sketch comedy group that emerged from Chicago 's ImprovOlympic in 1990 . The original incarnation of the group consisted of Matt Besser , Amy Poehler , Ian Roberts , Matt Walsh , Adam McKay , Rick Roman , Horatio Sanz and Drew Franklin , whose picture is the UCB logo . Other early members included Neil Flynn , Armando Diaz , Ali Farahnakian and Rich Fulcher . In 2013 , Besser , Roberts and Walsh wrote The Upright Citizens Brigade Comedy Improvisation Manual .
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U2
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U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976 . The group consists of Bono -LRB- lead vocals and rhythm guitar -RRB- , the Edge -LRB- lead guitar , keyboards , and backing vocals -RRB- , Adam Clayton -LRB- bass guitar -RRB- , and Larry Mullen Jr. -LRB- drums and percussion -RRB- . Initially rooted in post-punk , U2 's sound grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music , yet has maintained an anthemic sound built on Bono 's expressive vocals and the Edge 's effects-based guitar textures . Their lyrics , often embellished with spiritual imagery , focus on personal themes and sociopolitical concerns . Popular for their live performances , the group have staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career . The band formed at Mount Temple Comprehensive School in 1976 when the members were teenagers with limited musical proficiency . Within four years , they signed with Island Records and released their debut album , Boy -LRB- 1980 -RRB- . Subsequent work such as their first UK number-one album , War -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , and the singles `` Sunday Bloody Sunday '' and `` Pride -LRB- In the Name of Love -RRB- '' helped establish U2 's reputation as a politically and socially conscious group . By the mid-1980s , they had become renowned globally for their live act , highlighted by their performance at Live Aid in 1985 . The group 's fifth album , The Joshua Tree -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , made them international superstars and was their greatest critical and commercial success . Topping music charts around the world , it produced their only number-one singles in the US , `` With or Without You '' and `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' . Facing a backlash and creative stagnation , U2 reinvented themselves in the 1990s through a new musical direction and public image . Beginning with their acclaimed seventh album , Achtung Baby -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , and the multimedia intensive Zoo TV Tour , the band integrated influences from alternative rock , electronic dance music , and industrial music into their sound , and embraced a more ironic , flippant image . This experimentation continued through their ninth album , Pop -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and the PopMart Tour , which were mixed successes . U2 regained critical and commercial favour with the records All That You Ca n't Leave Behind -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , which established a more conventional , mainstream sound for the group . Their U2 360 ° Tour of 2009 -- 2011 is the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour in history . The group 's thirteenth album , Songs of Innocence -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , was released at no cost through the iTunes Store , but received criticism for its automatic placement in users ' music libraries . U2 have released 13 studio albums and are one of the world 's best-selling music artists of all time , having sold more than 170 million records worldwide . They have won 22 Grammy Awards , more than any other band , and in 2005 , they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility . Rolling Stone ranked U2 at number 22 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Artists of All Time '' . Throughout their career , as a band and as individuals , they have campaigned for human rights and philanthropic causes , including Amnesty International , Jubilee 2000 , the ONE/DATA campaigns , Product Red , War Child , and Music Rising .
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University_of_Kansas
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The University of Kansas , often referred to as KU or Kansas , is a public research university in the U.S. state of Kansas . The main campus in Lawrence , one of the largest college towns in Kansas , is on Mount Oread , the highest elevation in Lawrence . Two branch campuses are in the Kansas City metropolitan area : the Edwards Campus in Overland Park , and the university 's medical school and hospital in Kansas City . There are also educational and research sites in Parsons , Topeka , Garden City , Hays , and Leavenworth , and branches of the medical school in Wichita and Salina . The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities . Founded March 21 , 1865 , the university was opened in 1866 , under a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature in 1864 following enabling legislation passed in 1863 under the Kansas State Constitution , adopted two years after the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union following an internal civil war known as `` Bleeding Kansas '' during the 1850s . Enrollment at the Lawrence and Edwards campuses was 24,708 students in fall 2015 ; an additional 3,383 students were enrolled at the KU Medical Center for an enrollment of 28,091 students across the three campuses . The university overall employed 2,814 faculty members in fall 2015 .
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Tyra_Banks
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Tyra Lynne Banks -LRB- born December 4 , 1973 -RRB- is an American television personality , producer , businesswoman , actress , author , former model and occasional singer . Born in Inglewood , California , she began her career as a model at age 15 , and was the first African American woman to be featured on the covers of GQ and the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue , on which she appeared twice . She was a Victoria 's Secret Angel from 1997 to 2005 . By the early 2000s , Banks was one of the world 's top-earning models . Banks began acting on television in 1993 on The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , and made her film debut in Higher Learning in 1995 . She had major roles such as Eve in Disney Channel 's Life-Size and Zoe in the box office hit Coyote Ugly . She had small roles in the romantic film Love & Basketball and horror film Halloween : Resurrection , and appeared in television series Gossip Girl and Glee . In 2003 , Banks created and began presenting the long-running reality television series America 's Next Top Model , which she executive produced and presented for the first twenty-two seasons until the series ' cancellation in October 2015 . She remained executive producer for the revival of the series , and enlisted Rita Ora as host for the twenty-third cycle before reassuming the duties herself for the upcoming twenty-fourth cycle . Banks was the co-creator of True Beauty , and had her own talk show , The Tyra Banks Show , which aired on The CW for five seasons and won two Daytime Emmy awards for Outstanding Talk Show Informative . She co-hosted the talk show FABLife for two months . In 2017 , Banks will replace Nick Cannon as host of America 's Got Talent for its 12th season . In 2010 , she published a young adult novel titled Modelland , based on her life as a model which topped The New York Times Best Seller list in 2011 . Banks is one of four African Americans and seven women to have repeatedly ranked among the world 's most influential people by TIME magazine .
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Urbanization
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Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas , `` the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas '' , and the ways in which each society adapts to the change . It is predominantly the process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas . The United Nations projected that half of the world 's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008 . It is predicted that by 2050 about 64 % of the developing world and 86 % of the developed world will be urbanized . That is equivalent to approximately 3 billion urbanites by 2050 , much of which will occur in Africa and Asia . Notably , the United Nations has also recently projected that nearly all global population growth from 2017 to 2030 will be absorbed by cities , about 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 13 years . Urbanization is relevant to a range of disciplines , including geography , sociology , economics , urban planning and public health . The phenomenon has been closely linked to modernization , industrialization and the sociological process of rationalization . Urbanization can be seen as a specific condition at a set time -LRB- e.g. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns -RRB- or as an increase in that condition over time . So urbanization can be quantified either in terms of , say , the level of urban development relative to the overall population , or as the rate at which the urban proportion of the population is increasing . Urbanization creates enormous social , economic and environmental changes , which provide an opportunity for sustainability with the `` potential to use resources more efficiently , to create more sustainable land use and to protect the biodiversity of natural ecosystems . '' Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon , but a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale , whereby predominantly rural culture is being rapidly replaced by predominantly urban culture . The first major change in settlement patterns was the accumulation of hunter-gatherers into villages many thousand years ago . Village culture is characterized by common bloodlines , intimate relationships and communal behavior whereas urban culture is characterized by distant bloodlines , unfamiliar relations and competitive behavior . This unprecedented movement of people is forecast to continue and intensify during the next few decades , mushrooming cities to sizes unthinkable only a century ago . Today , in Asia the urban agglomerations of Osaka , Karachi , Jakarta , Mumbai , Shanghai , Manila , Seoul and Beijing are each already home to over 20 million people , while Delhi and Tokyo are forecast to approach or exceed 40 million people each within the coming decade . Outside Asia , Mexico City , São Paulo , London , New York City , Istanbul , Lagos and Cairo are , or soon will be , home to over 10 million people .
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U.S._Open_-LRB-golf-RRB-
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The United States Open Championship , commonly known as the U.S. Open , is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States . It is the second of the four major championships in golf , and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour . It is staged by the United States Golf Association -LRB- USGA -RRB- in mid-June , scheduled so that , if there are no weather delays , the final round is played on the third Sunday , which is Father 's Day . The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses , set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult with a premium placed on accurate driving . U.S. Open play is characterized by tight scoring at or around par by the leaders , with the winner usually emerging at around even par . A U.S. Open course is seldom beaten severely , and there have been many over-par wins -LRB- in part because par is usually set at 70 , except for the very longest courses -RRB- . Normally , an Open course is quite long and will have a high cut of primary rough -LRB- termed `` Open rough '' by the American press and fans -RRB- ; undulating greens -LRB- such as at Pinehurst No. 2 in 2005 , which was described by Johnny Miller of NBC as `` like trying to hit a ball on top of a VW Beetle '' -RRB- ; pinched fairways -LRB- especially on what are expected to be less difficult holes -RRB- ; and two or three holes that are short par fives under regular play would be used as long par fours during the tournament -LRB- often to meet that frequently used par of 70 , forcing players to have accurate long drives -RRB- . Some courses that are attempting to get into the rotation for the U.S. Open will undergo renovations to develop these features . Rees Jones is the most notable of the `` Open Doctors '' who take on these projects ; his father Robert Trent Jones had filled that role earlier . As with any professional golf tournament , the available space surrounding the course -LRB- for spectators , among other considerations -RRB- and local infrastructure also factor into deciding which courses will host the event .
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Underworld_-LRB-film_series-RRB-
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Underworld is a series of action horror films directed by Len Wiseman , Patrick Tatopoulos , Måns Mårlind , Björn Stein and Anna Foerster . The first film , Underworld , was released in 2003 . It tells the story of Selene -LRB- Kate Beckinsale -RRB- , a vampire who works as a Death Dealer , killing the lycans -LRB- Werewolves -RRB- who allegedly slaughtered her family . The second film , Underworld : Evolution , was released in 2006 . In this film , Selene takes Michael Corvin , a lycan/vampire hybrid , to a vampire safehouse and plans to return to Viktor 's estate to awaken another elder Markus , whom they discover is the first Vampire and a powerful enemy . The third film , Underworld : Rise of the Lycans , is the prequel to the series , chronicling the origins of the vampire-lycan war -LRB- it was released on January 23 , 2009 -RRB- . The fourth film , Underworld : Awakening , is the sequel to Underworld : Evolution and was released on January 20 , 2012 . In this film , humans have discovered the existence of the vampire and lycan clans , and are trying to eradicate both species . A fifth film titled Underworld : Blood Wars was released internationally on November 24 , 2016 , and in the United States on January 6 , 2017 . Despite receiving generally negative reviews from critics , the five films have grossed a total of $ 539 million , against a combined budget of $ 212 million .
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Up_Close_and_Personal_-LRB-film-RRB-
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Up Close & Personal is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed by Jon Avnet , and starring Robert Redford as a news director and Michelle Pfeiffer as his protegée , with Stockard Channing , Joe Mantegna , and Kate Nelligan in supporting roles . The screenplay began as an adaptation of Golden Girl : The Story of Jessica Savitch , a 1988 book by Alanna Nash that recounted the troubled life of American news anchor Jessica Savitch . The finished picture , however , was greatly altered by commercial decisions on the part of the producers , and bore little resemblance to Savitch 's biography . Screenwriter John Gregory Dunne , having spent eight years working on the script with his wife Joan Didion , later wrote a book describing his difficult experience , titled Monster : Living Off the Big Screen . The film was nominated for an Academy Award in the category of Best Original Song for `` Because You Loved Me '' , written by Diane Warren and performed by Céline Dion .
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Udayapuram_Sulthan
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Udayapuram Sulthan -LRB- The Prince of Udayapuram -RRB- is a 1999 Malayalam action comedy film directed by Jose Thomas . It was written by Udayakrishna and Siby K. Thomas , and stars Dileep , Preetha Vijaykumar , Captain Raju , Narendra Prasad , Innocent , Cochin Hanifa , Jagathy Sreekumar , Harisree Ashokan , Ambika , Sudheesh , Salim Kumar , Sphadikam George , Kottayam Nazir , and Oduvil Unnikrishnan . The movie was remade in Telugu as Denikaina Ready and in Bengali as Khiladi .
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Ultimate_Spider-Man_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-
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Ultimate Spider-Man is an American animated television series based on the Spider-Man comics published by Marvel Comics . The series featured writers such as Brian Michael Bendis -LRB- who also writes the comic book series of the same name -RRB- , Paul Dini , and Man of Action -LRB- a group consisting of Steven T. Seagle , Joe Kelly , Joe Casey and Duncan Rouleau -RRB- . The third season was retitled Marvel 's Ultimate Spider-Man : Web Warriors and the fourth and final season was retitled Marvel 's Ultimate Spider-Man vs. the Sinister 6 . It was first announced to air on Disney XD in early 2012 , and debuted alongside the second season of The Avengers : Earth 's Mightiest Heroes as part of the Marvel Universe programming block on April 1 , 2012 . At New York Comic Con 2016 , it was confirmed that Season 4 will be the series ' final season , making way for a new series titled Marvel 's Spider-Man '' . The series ended on January 7 , 2017 , with the two-part `` Graduation Day '' episode .
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United_Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom -LRB- UK -RRB- or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union -LRB- EU -RRB- . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- , and the World Trade Organization -LRB- WTO -RRB- .
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United_States_Congress
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The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .
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United_States_presidential_election,_2008
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The United States presidential election of 2008 was the 56th quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 4 , 2008 . Democratic Party nominees Barack Obama , a U.S. Senator from Illinois , and his running mate Joe Biden , a long-time U.S. Senator from Delaware , defeated Republican Party nominees John McCain , a long-time and current U.S. Senator from Arizona , and his running mate Sarah Palin , a Governor of Alaska . Obama became the first African American ever to be elected president of the United States , and Joe Biden became the first Roman Catholic ever elected vice president . The incumbent president , George W. Bush , of the Republican Party , was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits in the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution . McCain secured the Republican nomination by March 2008 , but the Democratic nomination was marked by a sharp contest between Obama and initial front-runner Senator Hillary Clinton , with Obama not securing the nomination until early June . Early campaigning had focused heavily on the Iraq War and the unpopularity of outgoing Republican President George W. Bush , but all candidates focused on domestic concerns as well , which grew more prominent as the economy experienced the onset of the Great Recession and a major financial crisis that peaked in September 2008 . Obama would go on to win a decisive victory over McCain , winning both the popular vote and the electoral college , with 365 electoral votes to McCain 's 173 ; he received the largest percentage of the popular vote for a Democrat since Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 . Obama 's total vote amount of 69.5 million votes is the highest number ever won by a presidential candidate . Obama 's successes in obtaining a major party 's nomination and winning the general election were both firsts for the African American community . Although Hillary Clinton did not win the Democratic nomination , she was the first woman to win a major American party 's presidential primary for the purposes of delegate selection when she won the primary in New Hampshire on January 8 . She later went on to win the Democratic nomination but lose the general election to Donald Trump in 2016 . She also was the first woman to be an American presidential candidate in every primary and caucus in every state . Similarly , Sarah Palin became the first woman to appear on a Republican presidential ticket , and the second woman overall to appear on a major party 's presidential ticket -LRB- after Geraldine Ferraro in 1984 -RRB- . This was also the first election in which neither candidate was born in the contiguous United States . Obama was born in Hawaii and McCain was born at Coco Solo Naval Air Station in the Panama Canal Zone . This election also made McCain currently the only Senator who previously served as a presidential nominee and still remains incumbent , after John Kerry 's resignation from the U.S. Senate in 2013 . As of 2017 , this is the last time Nebraska -LRB- 2nd congressional district only -RRB- , Indiana , and North Carolina voted for the Democratic candidate . This election also became the first time that Missouri backed the losing candidate since 1956 , with both Kentucky & Tennessee failing to do the same since 1960 . Likewise , this would also be the first time both Arkansas & Louisiana did not vote for the winning candidate since 1968 , while being among the most recent states which voted third party that same year as well .
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Twilight_-LRB-novel_series-RRB-
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Twilight is a series of four vampire-themed fantasy romance novels by American author Stephenie Meyer . Released annually from 2005 through 2008 , the four books chart the later teen years of Isabella `` Bella '' Swan , a girl who moves to Forks , Washington , and falls in love with a 104-year-old vampire named Edward Cullen . The series is told primarily from Bella 's point of view , with the epilogue of Eclipse and Part II of Breaking Dawn being told from the viewpoint of character Jacob Black , a werewolf . The unpublished Midnight Sun is a retelling of the first book , Twilight , from Edward Cullen 's point of view . The novella The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner , which tells the story of a newborn vampire who appeared in Eclipse , was published on June 5 , 2010 , as a hardcover book and on June 7 as a free online ebook . The Twilight Saga : The Official Illustrated Guide , a definitive encyclopedic reference with nearly 100 full color illustrations , was released in bookstores on April 12 , 2011 . Since the release of the first novel , Twilight , in 2005 , the books have gained immense popularity and commercial success around the world . The series is most popular among young adults ; the four books have won multiple awards , most notably the 2008 British Book Award for `` Children 's Book of the Year '' for Breaking Dawn , while the series as a whole won the 2009 Kids ' Choice Award for Favorite Book . In November 2011 , the series had sold over 120 million copies worldwide with translations into at least 38 different languages around the globe . The four Twilight books have consecutively set records as the biggest selling novels of 2008 on the USA Today Best-Selling Books list and have spent over 235 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list for Children 's Series Books . The books have been made into The Twilight Saga '' series of motion pictures by Summit Entertainment . The film adaptations of the first three books were released in 2008 , 2009 , and 2010 respectively . The fourth book is adapted into two full-length films -- the first film being released in November 2011 , and the second film in November 2012 .
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Turkmenistan
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Turkmenistan -LRB- -LSB- tɜːrkmɛnᵻˈstɑːn -RSB- Türkmenistan / Түркменистан / توركمنستان , -LSB- tyɾkmeniˈθtɑn -RSB- -RRB- , formerly known as Turkmenia , is a country in Central Asia , bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest , Uzbekistan to the north and east , Afghanistan to the southeast , Iran to the south and southwest , and the Caspian Sea to the west . Turkmenistan has been at the crossroads of civilizations for centuries . In medieval times , Merv was one of the great cities of the Islamic world and an important stop on the Silk Road , a caravan route used for trade with China until the mid-15th century . Annexed by the Russian Empire in 1881 , Turkmenistan later figured prominently in the anti-Bolshevik movement in Central Asia . In 1925 , Turkmenistan became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union , Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Turkmen SSR -RRB- ; it became independent upon the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 . Turkmenistan possesses the world 's fourth largest reserves of natural gas resources . Most of the country is covered by the Karakum -LRB- Black Sand -RRB- Desert . Since 1993 , citizens have received government-provided electricity , water and natural gas free of charge . Turkmenistan was ruled by President for Life Saparmurat Niyazov until his death in 2006 . Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow was elected president in 2007 . According to Human Rights Watch , `` Turkmenistan remains one of the world 's most repressive countries . The country is virtually closed to independent scrutiny , media and religious freedoms are subject to draconian restrictions , and human rights defenders and other activists face the constant threat of government reprisal . '' After suspending the death penalty , the use of capital punishment was formally abolished in the 2008 constitution .
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Vanilla_Sky
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Vanilla Sky is a 2001 American science fiction psychological thriller film directed , written , and co-produced by Cameron Crowe . It is an English-language remake of Alejandro Amenábar 's 1997 Spanish film Open Your Eyes , which was written by Amenábar and Mateo Gil , with Penélope Cruz reprising her role from the original film . The film has been described as `` an odd mixture of science fiction , romance and reality warp '' . Vanilla Sky stars Tom Cruise , Penelope Cruz , and Cameron Diaz with Jason Lee and Kurt Russell appearing in supporting roles . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song , as well as Screen Actors Guild and Golden Globe Award nominations for Cameron Diaz 's performance . The soundtrack was also critically acclaimed . Vanilla Sky was released on Blu-ray on June 30 , 2015 in North America .
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Turn-COLON-_Washington's_Spies
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Turn : Washington 's Spies -LRB- formerly known as Turn and stylized as TURN : Washington 's Spies and TURИ : Washington 's Spies -RRB- is a period drama based on Alexander Rose 's book Washington 's Spies : The Story of America 's First Spy Ring -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , a history of the Culper Ring . The series debuted on AMC on April 6 , 2014 . Turn : Washington 's Spies was renewed for a second 10-episode season on June 23 , 2014 , which premiered on April 13 , 2015 , and for a third 10-episode season on July 15 , 2015 , which premiered on April 25 , 2016 . On July 26 , 2016 , Turn : Washington 's Spies was renewed for a fourth and final 10-episode season , which will air with a two-hour premiere on June 17 , 2017 .
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Tyrese_Gibson
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Tyrese Darnell Gibson -LRB- born December 30 , 1978 -RRB- , also known mononymously as Tyrese , is an American Grammy-nominated singer , songwriter , actor , author , television producer , former fashion model and MTV VJ . He is best known for his roles as Joseph `` Jody '' Summers in Baby Boy , Roman Pearce in the Fast and the Furious series and Robert Epps in the Transformers film series . After releasing several albums , he transitioned into films , with lead roles in several major Hollywood releases .
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Unpredictable_-LRB-song-RRB-
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`` Unpredictable '' is the title track from Jamie Foxx 's second album , Unpredictable and was released as the second single from the album in 2005 . The song features rapper Ludacris and samples `` Wildflower '' and `` Wild Flower -LRB- Suite -RRB- '' by New Birth . It reached # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart , # 2 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and # 16 on the UK Singles Chart . The music video was directed by Hype Williams .
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UEFA_Champions_League
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The UEFA Champions League is an annual continental club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations -LRB- UEFA -RRB- and contested by top-division European clubs . It is one of the most prestigious tournaments in the world and the most prestigious club competition in European football , played by the national league champion -LRB- and , for some nations , one or more runners-up -RRB- of each UEFA national association . The UEFA Champions League final is the most watched annual sporting event worldwide . The final of the 2012 -- 13 tournament had the highest TV ratings to date , drawing 360 million television viewers . Introduced in 1992 , the competition replaced the European Champion Clubs ' Cup , or simply European Cup , which had run since 1955 , adding a group stage to the competition and allowing multiple entrants from certain countries . The pre-1992 competition was initially a straight knockout tournament open only to the champion club of each country . During the 1990s , the format was expanded , incorporating a round-robin group stage to include clubs that finished runner-up of some nations ' top-level league . While most of Europe 's national leagues can still only enter their national league champion , Europe 's strongest national leagues now provide up to four teams for the competition , and will provide up to five teams from the 2015 -- 16 season onwards . Clubs that finish next-in-line in each nation 's top level league , having not qualified for the UEFA Champions League competition , may be eligible for the next level UEFA Europa League competition . In its present format , the UEFA Champions League begins in mid-July with three knockout qualifying rounds and a play-off round . The 10 surviving teams enter the group stage , joining 22 other teams qualified in advance . The 32 teams are drawn into eight groups of four teams and play each other in a double round-robin system . The eight group winners and eight runners-up proceed to the knockout phase that culminates with the final match in May . The winner of the UEFA Champions League qualifies for the UEFA Super Cup and the FIFA Club World Cup . Real Madrid is the most successful club in the competition 's history , having won the tournament 11 times , including its first five seasons . Spanish clubs have accumulated the highest number of victories -LRB- 16 wins -RRB- , followed by England and Italy -LRB- 12 wins apiece -RRB- . The competition has been won by 22 different clubs , 12 of which have won it more than once . Since the tournament changed name and structure in 1992 , no club has managed consecutive wins ; Milan were the last holders to successfully defend their title , in the 1989 -- 90 season . The reigning champions are Real Madrid , who secured their eleventh title in the competition after defeating Atlético Madrid on penalties following a 1 -- 1 draw in the 2016 final .
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Uruguay_national_football_team
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The Uruguay national football team represents Uruguay in international association football and is controlled by the Uruguayan Football Association , the governing body for football in Uruguay . The current head coach is Óscar Tabárez . The Uruguayan team is commonly referred to as La Celeste -LRB- The Sky Blue -RRB- . The Uruguayan team recently won the 2011 Copa América . They have won the Copa América 15 times , being the team that has won the tournament on most occasions . The team has won the FIFA World Cup twice , including the first World Cup in 1930 as hosts , defeating Argentina 4 -- 2 in the final . They won their second title in 1950 , upsetting host Brazil 2 -- 1 in the final match , which received an attendance higher than any football match ever . They have won the Gold Medals in football at the Summer Olympics twice , in 1924 and 1928 recognized by FIFA as World Cup , before the creation of the World Cup . Uruguay also won the 1980 Mundialito , a tournament among former World Cup champions . In total , Uruguay have won 20 official titles , a world record for the most international titles held by any country . Another unique achievement of Uruguay is that it ´ s the only nation in world football to organize multiple major international tournaments in own country and win them all . La Celeste won 7 Copa América tournaments , 1 World Cup and Mundialito , all staged in Uruguay . Their success is amplified by the fact that the nation has a very small population of around 3.4 million inhabitants -LRB- 2011 est. -RRB- . Uruguay is by far the smallest country in the world to have won a World Cup in terms of population , 1.75 million inhabitants in 1930 . The second-smallest country , by population , to have won the World Cup is Argentina with a population of nearly 28 million people in 1978 . Uruguay is also the smallest country ever to win any World Cup medals ; only five nations with a currently smaller population than Uruguay 's have ever participated in any World Cup : Northern Ireland -LRB- three times -RRB- , Slovenia -LRB- twice -RRB- , Wales , Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago .
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Uncle_Grandpa
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Uncle Grandpa is an American animated television series created by Peter Browngardt for Cartoon Network that premiered on the network on September 2 , 2013 . The series is based on Browngardt 's animated short of the same name from The Cartoonstitute . Uncle Grandpa is also a spin-off of Secret Mountain Fort Awesome , which was in turn a spin-off of the Cartoonstitute short . It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios . The show is a surreal action-adventure comedy that relies extensively on visual gags and catchphrases . Creator Pete Browngardt has cited the work of cartoonists Don Martin , Gary Larson and Robert Crumb , as well as Golden Age-era animators such as Tex Avery when it came to developing the style of the show . Each 11-minute episode is presented in a unique format , consisting of a main seven - to nine-minute story , some short bumpers typically composed of a quick visual joke , and an original short that focuses on the show 's side-characters . With a ploy , Cartoon Network renewed the series for the fourth and fifth seasons : first splitting the second season -LRB- of 52 episodes -RRB- into two halves , which respectively became the second and third season , then also dividing in half the already announced third season . With both the fourth and fifth season composed of 26 episodes , these new seasons .
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USC_School_of_Cinematic_Arts
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The USC School of Cinematic Arts -LRB- formerly the USC School of Cinema-Television , or CNTV -RRB- is a private media School within the University of Southern California in Los Angeles , in the U.S. state of California . The school offers multiple undergraduate and graduate programs covering production , screenwriting , critical studies , animation and digital arts , and interactive media & games . Additional advanced programs include the Media Arts and Practice PhD Program , the Peter Stark Producing Program , and the Business of Entertainment -LRB- offered in conjunction with the USC Marshall School of Business MBA Program -RRB- . It is the oldest and largest such school in the United States , established in 1929 as a joint venture with the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences , and has been ranked as one of the best film programs in the world on several occasions .
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United_States_presidential_election,_1996
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The United States presidential election of 1996 was the 53rd quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 5 , 1996 . The Democratic national ticket was led by incumbent President Bill Clinton , and his running mate , incumbent Vice President Al Gore . The Republican nominee for President was Bob Dole , the former Republican Leader of the United States Senate and long-time Senator from Kansas who was previously the vice-presidential running mate of President Gerald Ford in 1976 , following Vice President Nelson Rockefeller 's retirement from politics that year . Dole 's running mate for Vice President was Jack Kemp , a former NFL football player and the Housing Secretary under George HW Bush . Businessman Ross Perot ran as candidate for the Reform Party with economist Pat Choate as his running mate ; he received less media attention and was excluded from the presidential debates and , while still obtaining substantial results for a third-party candidate , by U.S. standards , did not renew his success of the 1992 election . Turnout was registered at 49.0 % , the lowest for a presidential election since 1924 . President Clinton 's chances of winning were initially considered slim in the middle of his term as his party had lost both the House and the Senate in 1994 for the first time in decades ; he had reneged on promises to cut taxes and to reduce the deficit , enacted a federal assault weapons ban , and had a failed healthcare reform initiative . He was able to regain ground as the economy began to recover from the early 1990s recession with a relatively stable world stage . He went on to win re-election with a substantial margin in the popular vote and electoral college . Despite Dole 's defeat , the Republican Party was able to maintain a majority in both the House of Representatives and the Senate . Clinton became the first Democrat since Franklin D. Roosevelt -LRB- in 1936 , 1940 and 1944 -RRB- to win re-election after serving a full term . As of 2017 , this is the last time Arkansas , Kentucky , Tennessee , Missouri , West Virginia , Louisiana and Arizona voted for the Democratic candidate .
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Twilight_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-
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Twilight is a 2008 American romantic fantasy film based on Stephenie Meyer 's popular novel of the same name . Directed by Catherine Hardwicke , the film stars Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson . It is the first film in The Twilight Saga film series . This film focuses on the development of the relationship between Bella Swan -LRB- a teenage girl -RRB- and Edward Cullen -LRB- a vampire -RRB- , and the subsequent efforts of Edward and his family to keep Bella safe from a coven of evil vampires . The project was in development for approximately three years at Paramount Pictures , during which time a screen adaptation that differed significantly from the novel was written . Summit Entertainment acquired the rights to the novel after three years of the project 's stagnant development . Melissa Rosenberg wrote a new adaptation of the novel shortly before the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike and sought to be faithful to the novel 's storyline . Principal photography took 44 days and completed on May 2 , 2008 ; the film was primarily shot in Oregon . Twilight was theatrically released on November 21 , 2008 ; it grossed over US$ 393 million worldwide . It was released on DVD March 21 , 2009 and became the most purchased DVD of the year . The soundtrack was released on November 4 , 2008 . Following the film 's success , New Moon and Eclipse , the next two novels in the series , were produced as films the following year .
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Twenty20
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Twenty20 cricket , sometimes written Twenty-20 , and often abbreviated to T20 , is a short form of cricket . At the professional level , it was originally introduced by the England and Wales Cricket Board -LRB- ECB -RRB- in 2003 for the inter-county competition in England and Wales . In a Twenty20 game the two teams have a single innings each , which is restricted to a maximum of 20 overs . Together with first-class and List A cricket , Twenty20 is one of the three current forms of cricket recognised by the International Cricket Council -LRB- ICC -RRB- as being at the highest international or domestic level . A typical Twenty20 game is completed in about three hours , with each innings lasting around 75 -- 90 minutes and a 10 -- 20-minute interval . This is much shorter than previously-existing forms of the game , and is closer to the timespan of other popular team sports . It was introduced to create a fast-paced form of the game which would be attractive to spectators at the ground and viewers on television . Since its inception the game has been very successful resulting in its spread around the cricket world . On most international tours there is at least one Twenty20 match and all Test-playing nations have a domestic cup competition . The inaugural ICC World Twenty20 was played in South Africa in 2007 with India winning by five runs against Pakistan in the final . Pakistan won the second tournament in 2009 , and England won the title in the West Indies 2010 . West Indies won in 2012 , with Sri Lanka winning the 2014 tournament . West Indies are the reigning champions , winning the 2016 competition , and in doing so , became the first nation to win the tournament twice .
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Tupac_Shakur
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Tupac Amaru Shakur -LRB- -LSB- ˈtuːpɑːk_ʃəˈkʊər -RSB- ; born Lesane Parish Crooks ; June 16 , 1971September 13 , 1996 -RRB- , also known by his stage names 2Pac , Makaveli , and Pac , was an American rapper , record producer , actor , and poet . As of 2007 , Shakur has sold over 75 million records worldwide . His double disc albums All Eyez on Me and his Greatest Hits are among the best-selling albums in the United States . He has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of all time by many publications , including Rolling Stone , which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time . He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time . On April 7 , 2017 , Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . Shakur began his career as a roadie , backup dancer , and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground , eventually branching off as a solo artist . Most of the themes in Shakur 's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities , racism , and other social problems . Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party , whose ideals were reflected in his songs . During the latter part of his career , Shakur was a vocal participant during the East Coast -- West Coast hip hop rivalry , becoming involved in conflicts with other rappers , producers , and record-label staff members , most notably The Notorious B.I.G. and the label Bad Boy Records . On September 7 , 1996 , Shakur was fatally shot in a drive-by shooting at the intersection of Flamingo Road and Koval Lane in Las Vegas , Nevada . He was taken to the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada , where he died six days later .
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United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services
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The Committee on Armed Services -LRB- sometimes abbreviated SASC for Senate Armed Services Committee on its Web site -RRB- is a committee of the United States Senate empowered with legislative oversight of the nation 's military , including the Department of Defense , military research and development , nuclear energy -LRB- as pertaining to national security -RRB- , benefits for members of the military , the Selective Service System and other matters related to defense policy . The Armed Services Committee was created as a result of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 following U.S. victory in the Second World War . It merged the responsibilities of the Committee on Naval Affairs -LRB- established in 1816 -RRB- and the Committee on Military Affairs -LRB- also established in 1816 -RRB- . Considered one of the most powerful Senate committees , its broad mandate allowed it to report some of the most extensive and revolutionary legislation during the Cold War years , including the National Security Act of 1947 . The committee tends to take a more bipartisan approach than other committees , as many of its members formerly served in the military or have major defense interests located in the states they come from .
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Unbreakable_-LRB-film-RRB-
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Unbreakable is a 2000 American superhero thriller film written , produced , and directed by M. Night Shyamalan , and starring Bruce Willis and Samuel L. Jackson , alongside Robin Wright and Spencer Treat Clark . In the film , a security guard named David Dunn survives a horrific train crash . After the incident , with the help of a manipulative disabled comic book shop owner named Elijah Price , he learns that he possesses superhuman powers . As Dunn explores and reluctantly confronts his powers while trying to navigate a difficult family life , he begins to fight crime and learns the true nature of Elijah Price . Shyamalan organized the narrative of Unbreakable to parallel a comic book 's traditional three-part story structure . After settling on the origin story , Shyamalan wrote the screenplay as a speculative screenplay with Bruce Willis already set to star in the film and Jackson in mind to portray Elijah Price . Filming began in April 2000 and was completed in July . Unbreakable was released on November 22 , 2000 . It received positive reviews , with critics praising its aesthetics , the performances and particularly the score by James Newton Howard . The film has subsequently gained a strong cult following . Many regard it as one of Shyamalan 's best films , and in 2011 Time listed the film as one of the top ten superhero movies of all time . After years of development for a follow-up film , a thematic sequel entitled Split , with Willis reprising his role as David Dunn in a cameo role , was released in January 2017 . After financial and critical success , Shyamalan immediately began working on a third film , titled Glass which will be released January 18 , 2019 .
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Upside_Down_-LRB-Diana_Ross_song-RRB-
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`` Upside Down '' is a song written and produced by Chic members Nile Rodgers and Bernard Edwards . It was recorded by American singer Diana Ross . The song was issued as a single through the Motown label in 1980 , as the lead single from her self-titled tenth studio album , diana . `` Upside Down '' hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart on September 6 , 1980 . It also hit number one on the Billboard Disco and Soul charts . The single was released a full four weeks after the album was released . It held down the number one spot for four weeks . `` Upside Down '' was also a big hit internationally , topping the singles charts in Sweden , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , while reaching number five in Canada . It also rose to number two on the UK Singles Chart , marking the highest peak performance from Ross as a solo artist since `` I 'm Still Waiting '' in 1971 . It also earned her a British Phonographic Industry silver disc award for sales in excess of 250,000 copies . `` Upside Down '' is listed at number 62 on Billboard 's `` Greatest Songs of All Time . ''
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Ukulele_Songs
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Ukulele Songs is the second solo studio album by American singer and Pearl Jam frontman Eddie Vedder . It was released on May 31 , 2011 . The album is composed of original songs and new arrangements of several standards .
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University_of_Pennsylvania
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The University of Pennsylvania -LRB- commonly known as Penn or UPenn -RRB- is a private Ivy League research university located in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States . Incorporated as The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania , Penn is one of 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities and one of the nine original colonial colleges . Benjamin Franklin , Penn 's founder , advocated an educational program that focused as much on practical education for commerce and public service as on the classics and theology , though his proposed curriculum was never adopted . The university coat of arms features a dolphin on the red chief , adopted directly from the Franklin family 's own coat of arms . Penn was one of the first academic institutions to follow a multidisciplinary model pioneered by several European universities , concentrating multiple `` faculties '' -LRB- e.g. , theology , classics , medicine -RRB- into one institution . It was also home to many other educational innovations . The first school of medicine in North America -LRB- Perelman School of Medicine , 1765 -RRB- , the first collegiate business school -LRB- Wharton School of Business , 1881 -RRB- , and the first `` student union '' building and organization -LRB- Houston Hall , 1896 -RRB- were founded at Penn. . With an endowment of $ 10.72 billion -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Penn had the seventh largest endowment of all colleges in the United States . All of Penn 's schools exhibit very high research activity . In fiscal year 2015 , Penn 's academic research budget was $ 851 million , involving more than 4,300 faculty , 1,100 postdoctoral fellows and 5,500 support staff/graduate assistants . Over its history , the university has also produced many distinguished alumni . These include 14 heads of state -LRB- including two U.S. Presidents -RRB- ; 25 billionaires - the most of any university in the world at the undergraduate level ; three United States Supreme Court justices ; over 33 United States Senators , 42 United States Governors , and 158 members of the U.S. House of Representatives ; 8 signers of the United States Declaration of Independence ; and 12 signers of the United States Constitution . In addition , some 30 Nobel laureates , 169 Guggenheim Fellows , and 80 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , have been affiliated with Penn. . In addition , Penn has produced a significant number of Fortune 500 CEOs , trailing only Harvard and Stanford worldwide .
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Ty_Cobb
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Tyrus Raymond Cobb -LRB- December 18 , 1886 -- July 17 , 1961 -RRB- , nicknamed The Georgia Peach , was an American Major League Baseball -LRB- MLB -RRB- outfielder . He was born in rural Narrows , Georgia . Cobb spent 22 seasons with the Detroit Tigers , the last six as the team 's player-manager , and finished his career with the Philadelphia Athletics . In 1936 Cobb received the most votes of any player on the inaugural Baseball Hall of Fame ballot , receiving 222 out of a possible 226 votes -LRB- 98.2 % -RRB- ; no other player received a higher percentage of votes until 1992 . In 1999 , editors at the Sporting News ranked Ty Cobb 3rd on their list of `` Baseball 's 100 Greatest Players '' . Cobb is widely credited with setting 90 MLB records during his career . He still holds several records as of the end of the 2016 season , including the highest career batting average -LRB- .366 or .367 , depending on source -RRB- and most career batting titles with 11 -LRB- or 12 , depending on source -RRB- . He retained many other records for almost a half century or more , including most career hits until 1985 -LRB- 4,189 or 4,191 , depending on source -RRB- , most career runs -LRB- 2,245 or 2,246 depending on source -RRB- until 2001 , most career games played -LRB- 3,035 -RRB- and at bats -LRB- 11,429 or 11,434 depending on source -RRB- until 1974 , and the modern record for most career stolen bases -LRB- 892 -RRB- until 1977 . He still holds the career record for stealing home -LRB- 54 times -RRB- and for stealing second base , third base , and home in succession -LRB- 5 times -RRB- , and as the youngest player ever to compile 4,000 hits and score 2,000 runs . Cobb ranks fifth all-time in number of games played and committed 271 errors , the most by any American League -LRB- AL -RRB- outfielder . Cobb 's legacy as an athlete has sometimes been overshadowed by his surly temperament and aggressive playing style , which was described by the Detroit Free Press as `` daring to the point of dementia . '' Cobb himself wrote shortly before his death , `` In legend I am a sadistic , slashing , swashbuckling despot who waged war in the guise of sport . '' Cobb was notorious for sliding into bases feet first , with his spikes high . Cobb 's legacy , which includes a large college scholarship fund for Georgia residents financed by his early investments in Coca-Cola and General Motors , has been tarnished by allegations of racism and violence , largely stemming from a couple of biographies that were released following his death . Cobb 's reputation as an extremely violent man was fanned by his first biographer , sportswriter Al Stump , whose stories about Cobb have been discredited as sensationalized , and in some part proven to be entirely fictional , while Cobb 's views on race evolved and mellowed after his retirement from baseball .
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Up_All_Night_-LRB-One_Direction_album-RRB-
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Up All Night is the debut studio album by English-Irish group One Direction , released by Syco Records in November 2011 in Ireland and the United Kingdom , followed by a worldwide release during 2012 . Four months after finishing third in the seventh series of British reality singing contest The X Factor in December 2010 , One Direction began recording the album in Sweden , UK and the United States , working with a variety of writers and producers . The album is predominantly a pop music album which orientates into pop rock , dance-pop , teen pop and power pop . The album 's lyrical content regards being young , relationships , heartbreak and empowerment . Staged in support of the album , One Direction performed the album 's songs live on televised shows , at awards ceremonies , and during their worldwide Up All Night Tour . The album received generally favourable reviews from contemporary music critics , many of whom appreciated the album 's combination of melodic song craft and catchy , pop-oriented material that , while slickly produced , avoided the commercial cynicism and adult contemporary posturing of some of their '80s and '90s forebears . An international success , the album topped the charts in sixteen countries and , by December 2012 , has sold over 4.5 million copies worldwide . The album bowed at number two on the UK Albums Chart and ultimately became the UK 's fastest-selling debut album of 2011 . Up All Night debuted to number one on the United States Billboard 200 , selling 176,000 copies in its first week . According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry -LRB- IFPI -RRB- , Up All Night was the third global best-selling album of 2012 with sales of 4.5 million copies . One Direction finished 2012 with two of that year 's top five best-selling albums in the United States ; Up All Night at number three and their second studio album , Take Me Home , at number five , making the boy band the first act to place two albums in the year-end top five in the Nielsen SoundScan era . In addition , Up All Night became the best-selling album by a group and the third best-selling debut album of 2012 . Four singles were released from the album , including the UK Singles Chart top ten hits `` What Makes You Beautiful '' , `` Got ta Be You '' , and `` One Thing '' .
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University_of_Haifa
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The University of Haifa is a public research university on the top of Mount Carmel in Haifa , Israel . The university was founded in 1963 by the mayor of its host city , Abba Hushi , to operate under the academic auspices of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem .
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United_States_presidential_election,_2016
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The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 8 , 2016 . The Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine . Trump took office as the 45th President , and Pence as the 48th Vice President , on January 20 , 2017 . Concurrent with the presidential election , Senate , House , and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8 . Voters selected members of the Electoral College in each state , in most cases by `` winner-takes-all '' plurality ; those state electors in turn voted for a new president and vice president on December 19 , 2016 . While Clinton received about million more votes nationwide , a margin of % , Trump won 30 states worth a total of 306 electors , or 57 % of the 538 available . He won the perennial swing states of Florida , North Carolina , Ohio , and Iowa , as well as Clinton 's `` blue wall '' states of Michigan , Pennsylvania and Wisconsin , which had been Democratic strongholds in presidential elections for decades . Leading up to the election , a Trump victory was considered unlikely by almost all media forecasts . In the Electoral College vote on December 19 , seven electors voted against their pledged candidates : two against Trump and five against Clinton . A further three electors attempted to vote against Clinton but were replaced or forced to vote again . Ultimately , Trump received 304 electoral votes and Clinton garnered 227 , while Colin Powell won three , and John Kasich , Ron Paul , Bernie Sanders , and Faith Spotted Eagle each received one . Trump is the fifth person in U.S. history to become president while losing the nationwide popular vote . He is the first president without any prior experience in public service or the military , as well as the wealthiest and the oldest at inauguration , while Clinton was the first woman to be the presidential nominee of a major party and the first woman to win the popular vote . This was the first time since the 1984 re-election of Ronald Reagan that Wisconsin voted for a Republican , and the first time since 1988 that the Republican nominee won the states of Pennsylvania and Michigan , as well as Maine 's second congressional district . It was also the first time since the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson that an electoral vote split occurred in Maine . On January 6 , 2017 , the United States government 's intelligence agencies concluded that the Russian government interfered in the 2016 United States elections . A joint U.S. intelligence review stated with high confidence that `` Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the US presidential election . Russia 's goals were to undermine public faith in the US democratic process , denigrate Secretary Clinton , and harm her electability and potential presidency . '' Investigations about potential collusion between the Trump campaign and Russian officials were started by the FBI , the Senate Intelligence Committee and the House Intelligence Committee . Donald Trump has criticized these conclusions by citing a lack of evidence , calling it a `` hoax '' and `` fake news , '' stating in a tweet : `` The Russia-Trump collusion story is a total hoax , when will this taxpayer funded charade end ? ''
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United_States_House_of_Representatives
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The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the Senate , composes the legislature of the United States . The composition and powers of the House are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The House is composed of representatives who sit in congressional districts which are allocated to each of the 50 states on a basis of population as measured by the U.S. Census , with each district entitled one representative . Since its inception in 1789 , all representatives are elected popularly . The total number of voting representatives is fixed by law at 435 . As of the 2010 Census , the largest delegation is that of California , with fifty-three representatives ; seven states have the smallest delegation possible , a single representative : Alaska , Delaware , Montana , North Dakota , South Dakota , Vermont , and Wyoming . The House is charged with the passage of federal legislation , known as bills , which , after concurrence by the Senate , are sent to the President for consideration . In addition to this basic power , the House has certain exclusive powers which include the power to initiate all bills related to revenue , the impeachment of federal officers , who are sent to trial in the Senate , and in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for President , the duty falls upon the House to elect one of the top three recipients of electors for that office , with one vote given to each state for that purpose . The presiding officer is the Speaker of the House , who is elected by the members thereof and is therefore traditionally the leader of the controlling party . He or she and other floor leaders are chosen by the Democratic Caucus or the Republican Conferences , depending on whichever party has more voting members . The House meets in the south wing of the United States Capitol .
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Twenty_One_Pilots
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Twenty One Pilots -LRB- stylized as TWENTY ØNE PILØTS -RRB- is an American musical duo originating from Columbus , Ohio . The band was formed in 2009 by lead vocalist Tyler Joseph along with former members Nick Thomas and Chris Salih , who eventually left in 2011 , and currently consists of Joseph and drummer Josh Dun . The duo rose to fame in the mid -- 2010s after several years of touring and independent releases . They put out two self-released albums , Twenty One Pilots in 2009 and Regional at Best in 2011 , before being signed by Fueled by Ramen in 2012 . Their label debut , Vessel , was released in 2013 . The duo achieved breakthrough success with their fourth album , Blurryface -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , which produced the successful singles `` Stressed Out '' and `` Ride '' . In addition , the single `` Heathens '' , recorded for the soundtrack of the film Suicide Squad , made the group the first alternative artist to have two concurrent top ten singles in the U.S. . The duo has won a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance .
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University_of_Oxford
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The University of Oxford -LRB- informally Oxford University or simply Oxford -RRB- is a collegiate research university located in Oxford , England . It has no known date of foundation , but there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096 , making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world 's second-oldest university in continuous operation . It is one of the world 's most prestigious universities . It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris . After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209 , some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge . The two `` ancient universities '' are frequently jointly referred to as `` Oxbridge '' . The university is made up of a variety of institutions , including 38 constituent colleges and a full range of academic departments which are organised into four divisions . All the colleges are self-governing institutions within the university , each controlling its own membership and with its own internal structure and activities . Being a city university , it does not have a main campus ; instead , its buildings and facilities are scattered throughout the city centre . Most undergraduate teaching at Oxford is organised around weekly tutorials at the colleges and halls , supported by classes , lectures and laboratory work provided by university faculties and departments . Oxford is the home of the Rhodes Scholarship , one of the world 's oldest and most prestigious scholarships , which has brought graduate students to study at the university for more than a century . The university operates the world 's oldest university museum , as well as the largest university press in the world and the largest academic library system in Britain . Oxford has educated many notable alumni , including 28 Nobel laureates , 27 Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom , and many heads of state and government around the world .
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Twelfth_Doctor
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The Twelfth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who . He is portrayed by Scottish actor Peter Capaldi . Within the series ' narrative , the Doctor is a time travelling , humanoid alien from a race known as the Time Lords . When the Doctor is critically injured , he can regenerate his body , and in doing so gain a new physical appearance , and with it a distinct new personality ; this plot mechanism has allowed the Doctor to be portrayed by a series of actors over the decades since the programme 's inception in 1963 . Capaldi 's portrayal of the Doctor is a spiky , brusque , contemplative , and pragmatic character who conceals his emotions in the course of making tough and sometimes ruthless decisions . Capaldi made his first , very brief appearance as the Doctor in the show 's fiftieth anniversary special `` The Day of the Doctor '' -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , as one of the thirteen incarnations of the Doctor who are summoned to save Gallifrey from destruction . Capaldi 's first full appearance as the Doctor was at the end of the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . He is accompanied in the eighth and ninth series by companion Clara Oswald -LRB- Jenna Coleman -RRB- . He also appeared in `` For Tonight We Might Die '' , the first episode of the 2016 spin-off series Class . In the tenth series of Doctor Who , he is accompanied by two new companions : Nardole -LRB- Matt Lucas -RRB- and Bill Potts -LRB- Pearl Mackie -RRB- . On 30 January 2017 , Capaldi announced he would be leaving the programme , with the 2017 Christmas episode being his last .
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UFC_216
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UFC 216 is an upcoming mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that will be held on September 9 , 2017 at Rogers Place in Edmonton , Alberta .
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United_States
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The United States of America -LRB- USA -RRB- , commonly known as the United States -LRB- U.S. -RRB- or America , is a constitutional federal republic composed of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico . The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America , bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west . The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean . The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea . Nine time zones are covered . The geography , climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse . At 3.8 million square miles -LRB- 9.8 million km2 -RRB- and with over 324 million people , the United States is the world 's third - or fourth-largest country by total area , third-largest by land area , and the third-most populous . It is one of the world 's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations , and is home to the world 's largest immigrant population . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the largest city is New York City ; nine other major metropolitan areas -- each with at least 4.5 million inhabitants and the largest having more than 13 million people -- are Los Angeles , Chicago , Dallas , Houston , Philadelphia , Miami , Atlanta , Boston , and San Francisco . Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years ' War led to the American Revolution , which began in 1775 . On July 4 , 1776 , during the course of the American Revolutionary War , the colonies unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence . The war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain , representing the first successful war of independence against a European power . The current constitution was adopted in 1788 , after the Articles of Confederation , adopted in 1781 , were felt to have provided inadequate federal powers . The first ten amendments , collectively named the Bill of Rights , were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century , displacing Native American tribes , acquiring new territories , and gradually admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848 . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the end of legal slavery in the country . By the end of that century , the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean , and its economy , driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution , began to soar . The Spanish -- American War and confirmed the country 's status as a global military power . The United States emerged from as a global superpower , the first country to develop nuclear weapons , the only country to use them in warfare , and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council . The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world 's sole superpower . The U.S. is a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , International Monetary Fund , Organization of American States -LRB- OAS -RRB- , and other international organizations . The United States is a highly developed country , with the world 's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP . Though its population is only 4.3 % of the world total , Americans hold nearly 40 % of the total wealth in the world . The United States ranks among the highest in several measures of socioeconomic performance , including average wage , human development , per capita GDP , and productivity per person . While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial , characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy , the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world . Accounting for approximately a quarter of global GDP and a third of global military spending , the United States is the world 's foremost economic and military power . The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally , and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations .
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United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations
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The United States Ambassador to the United Nations is the leader of the U.S. delegation , the U.S. Mission to the United Nations . The position is more formally known as the `` Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations , with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary , and Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations '' ; it is also known as the U.S. Permanent Representative , or `` Perm Rep '' , to the United Nations . The U.S. Permanent Representative , currently Nikki Haley , is charged with representing the United States on the U.N. Security Council and during almost all plenary meetings of the General Assembly , except in the rare situation in which a more senior officer of the United States -LRB- such as the U.S. Secretary of State or the President of the United States -RRB- is present . Like all United States ambassadors , he or she must be nominated by the U.S. President and confirmed by the Senate . Many prominent U.S. politicians and diplomats have held the post , including Adlai Stevenson II , George H. W. Bush , Jeane Kirkpatrick , and Madeleine Albright . Nikki Haley was nominated for this position by President Donald Trump and was confirmed by the Senate . She assumed office upon presenting her credentials to the UN Secretary-General on January 27 , 2017 .
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Twa
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The Twa -LRB- also Cwa -RRB- are any of several African hunting peoples or castes who live interdependently with agricultural Bantu populations , and who generally hold a socially subordinate position : They provide the farming population with game in exchange for agricultural products .
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UNICEF
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The United Nations Children 's Fund -LRB- UNICEF ; -LSB- ˈjuːnᵻsɛf -RSB- -RRB- is a United Nations -LRB- UN -RRB- programme headquartered in New York City that provides humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries . It is a member of the United Nations Development Group . The United Nations International Children 's Emergency Fund was created by the United Nations General Assembly on 11 December 1946 , to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II . The Polish physician Ludwik Rajchman is widely regarded as the founder of UNICEF and served as its first chairman from 1946 . On Rajchman 's suggestion , the American Maurice Pate was appointed its first executive director , serving from 1947 until his death in 1965 . In 1950 , UNICEF 's mandate was extended to address the long-term needs of children and women in developing countries everywhere . In 1953 it became a permanent part of the United Nations System , and the words `` international '' and `` emergency '' were dropped from the organization 's name , making it simply the United Nations Children 's Fund , retaining the original acronym , `` UNICEF '' . UNICEF relies on contributions from governments and private donors , UNICEF 's total income for 2008 was US$ 3,372,540,239 . Governments contribute two-thirds of the organization 's resources . Private groups and some six million individuals contribute the rest through national committees . It is estimated that 92 per cent of UNICEF revenue is distributed to programme services . UNICEF 's programmes emphasize developing community-level services to promote the health and well-being of children . UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord in 2006 . Most of UNICEF 's work is in the field , with staff in over 190 countries and territories . More than 200 country offices carry out UNICEF 's mission through programmes developed with host governments . Seven regional offices provide technical assistance to country offices as needed . UNICEF 's Supply Division is based in Copenhagen and serves as the primary point of distribution for such essential items as vaccines , antiretroviral medicines for children and mothers with HIV , nutritional supplements , emergency shelters , family reunification , and educational supplies . A 36-member executive board establishes policies , approves programmes and oversees administrative and financial plans . The executive board is made up of government representatives who are elected by the United Nations Economic and Social Council , usually for three-year terms .
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Twisted_Pictures
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Twisted Pictures is an American independent production company , mainly creating films of the horror genre . The company was founded in 2004 by Evolution Entertainment 's Mark Burg , Oren Koules and Gregg Hoffman . They are known for producing the Saw film series .
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Valhalla
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In Norse mythology , Valhalla -LRB- from Old Norse Valhöll `` hall of the slain '' -RRB- is a majestic , enormous hall located in Asgard , ruled over by the god Odin . Chosen by Odin , half of those who die in combat travel to Valhalla upon death , led by valkyries , while the other half go to the goddess Freyja 's field Fólkvangr . In Valhalla , the dead join the masses of those who have died in combat known as Einherjar and various legendary Germanic heroes and kings , as they prepare to aid Odin during the events of Ragnarök . Before the hall stands the golden tree Glasir , and the hall 's ceiling is thatched with golden shields . Various creatures live around Valhalla , such as the stag Eikþyrnir and the goat Heiðrún , both described as standing atop Valhalla and consuming the foliage of the tree Læraðr . Valhalla is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources , the Prose Edda , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson , Heimskringla , also written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson , and in stanzas of an anonymous 10th century poem commemorating the death of Eric Bloodaxe known as Eiríksmál as compiled in Fagrskinna . The connotations of the term Valhalla have been significantly expanded in popular art , music , and literature of the 19th century , including most notably Richard Wagner 's operatic cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen , in which Valhalla is reimagined as the center of a pantheon only loosely connected to its Norse origins . Valhalla has continued to inspire art , literature , and popular culture in the 20th century , and the term 's common usage suggests , with martial overtones , an afterlife for honored dead , especially in Germanic or other Teutonic contexts .
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UEFA_European_Championship
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The UEFA European Championship -LRB- known informally as the Euros -RRB- is the primary association football competition contested by the senior men 's national teams of the members of the Union of European Football Associations -LRB- UEFA -RRB- , determining the continental champion of Europe . Held every four years since 1960 , in the even-numbered year between World Cup tournaments , it was originally called the UEFA European Nations ' Cup , changing to the current name in 1968 . Starting with the 1996 tournament , specific championships are often referred to in the form `` UEFA Euro -LSB- year -RSB- '' ; this format has since been retroactively applied to earlier tournaments . Prior to entering the tournament all teams other than the host nations -LRB- which qualify automatically -RRB- compete in a qualifying process . The championship winners earn the opportunity to compete in the following FIFA Confederations Cup , but are not obliged to do so . The 15 European Championship tournaments have been won by ten different national teams : Germany and Spain each have won three titles , France has two titles , and Soviet Union , Italy , Czechoslovakia , Netherlands , Denmark , Greece and Portugal have won one title each . To date , Spain is the only team in history to have won consecutive titles , doing so in 2008 and 2012 . It is the second most watched football tournament in the world after the FIFA World Cup . The Euro 2012 final was watched by a global audience of around 300 million . The most recent championship , hosted by France in 2016 , was won by Portugal , who beat France 1 -- 0 at the final in Saint-Denis after extra time .
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Unforgiven
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Unforgiven is a 1992 American revisionist Western film directed by Clint Eastwood and written by David Webb Peoples . The film portrays William Munny , an aging outlaw and killer who takes on one more job years after he had turned to farming . The film stars Eastwood in the lead role , with Gene Hackman , Morgan Freeman and Richard Harris . Eastwood stated that the film would be his last Western for fear of repeating himself or imitating someone else 's work . Eastwood dedicated the movie to deceased directors and mentors Don Siegel and Sergio Leone . The film won four Academy Awards : Best Picture and Best Director for Clint Eastwood , Best Supporting Actor for Gene Hackman , and Best Film Editing for editor Joel Cox . Eastwood was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance , but he lost to Al Pacino for Scent of a Woman . The film was the third Western to win the Oscar for Best Picture , following Cimarron -LRB- 1931 -RRB- and Dances with Wolves -LRB- 1990 -RRB- . In 2004 , Unforgiven was added to the United States National Film Registry of the Library of Congress as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .
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Universal_Pictures
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Universal Pictures -LRB- also referred to as Universal Studios or simply Universal -RRB- is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group division of its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal . The company was founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle , Mark Dintenfass , Charles O. Baumann , Adam Kessel , Pat Powers , William Swanson , David Horsley , Robert H. Cochrane , and Jules Brulatour , and is the oldest surviving film studio in the United States , the world 's fourth oldest after Gaumont , Pathé and Nordisk Film , and the oldest in terms of the overall film market . Its studios are located in Universal City , California , and its corporate offices are located in New York City . Universal Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America -LRB- MPAA -RRB- and is one of Hollywood 's `` Big Six '' studios .
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Tyrion_Lannister
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Tyrion Lannister -LRB- also referred to as `` the Imp '' or `` the Halfman '' -RRB- is a fictional character in A Song of Ice and Fire , a series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Based on an idea that came to Martin while writing the 1981 novel Windhaven , Tyrion has been called one of the author 's finest creations and most popular characters by The New York Times . Martin has named the character as his favorite in the series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Tyrion is a dwarf and member of House Lannister , one of the wealthiest and most powerful families in the fictional kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and A Storm of Swords -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Tyrion was one of a few prominent characters that were not included in 2005 's A Feast for Crows , but returned in the next novel A Dance with Dragons -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . The character will also appear in the forthcoming volume The Winds of Winter . The popularity of the character led Martin and Bantam Books to publish The Wit & Wisdom of Tyrion Lannister , an illustrated collection of Tyrion quotes from the novels , in 2013 . In the story , Tyrion uses his status as a Lannister to mitigate the impact of the marginalization and derision he has received all of his life -- even from his own family . Knowing that no one will ever take him seriously , he soothes his inadequacies with wine , wit , and self-indulgence . But as the peaceful rule of King Robert Baratheon begins to come apart , Tyrion sees how ill-equipped his family are to hold everything together . He first saves his own neck from the vengeful Catelyn Stark and her sister Lysa Arryn , then is tasked by his father Tywin to impose order on the capital of King 's Landing -- as well as his nephew Joffrey , the new king -- as civil war is sparked . Tyrion struggles to strengthen and protect the city and family who hate him and refuse to see the peril they are in ; when his father returns , Tyrion becomes vulnerable to the wrath and machinations of the self-serving courtiers who surround Joffrey -- including Tyrion 's own scheming sister Cersei . Tyrion escapes death again but at great cost , and in fleeing Westeros finds himself in even more danger , but without his Lannister resources . Peter Dinklage has garnered enormous praise for his portrayal of the character . In 2011 , Dinklage received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series and later the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Series , Miniseries , or Television Film for his portrayal of Tyrion in the HBO series . He won the Emmy again in 2015 . Among other accolades , Dinklage has been nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award in 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2016 .
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United_States_presidential_election,_1964
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The United States presidential election of 1964 was the 45th quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 3 , 1964 . Democratic candidate and incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson had come to office less than a year earlier following the assassination of his predecessor John F. Kennedy . Johnson , who had successfully associated himself with Kennedy 's popularity , won 61.1 % of the popular vote , the highest win by a candidate since James Monroe 's re-election in 1820 . It was the most lopsided US presidential election in terms of popular votes , and the tenth-most lopsided presidential election in the history of the United States in terms of electoral votes . No candidate for president since has equalled or surpassed Johnson 's percentage of the popular vote , and since 1820 , only Abraham Lincoln in 1864 , Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936 , Richard Nixon in 1972 and Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 have won by a greater electoral vote margin . The Republican candidate , Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona , suffered from a lack of support from his own party and his deeply unpopular political positions . Johnson 's campaign advocated a series of anti-poverty programs collectively known as the Great Society , and successfully portrayed Goldwater as being a dangerous extremist . Johnson easily won the Presidency , carrying 44 of the 50 states and the District of Columbia , which voted for the first time in this election . Goldwater carried the remaining six states in what would be the first election to see a total of fifty states carried by presidential candidates . Goldwater 's unsuccessful bid influenced the modern conservative movement and the long-time realignment within the Republican Party , which culminated in the 1980 presidential victory of Ronald Reagan . His campaign received considerable support from former Democratic strongholds in the Deep South and was the first Republican campaign to win Georgia in a presidential election . Conversely , Johnson won Alaska for the Democrats for the first -LRB- and only -RRB- time , as well as Maine -LRB- for the first time since 1912 -RRB- and Vermont -LRB- for the first time since the Democratic Party was founded -RRB- . Since 1992 , Vermont and Maine have rested solidly in the Democratic column for presidential elections , and Georgia has remained in the Republican presidential fold since 1996 . No post-1964 Democratic presidential candidate has been able to match or better Johnson 's performance in the electoral college -LRB- the only candidates to do so since have been Nixon in 1972 and Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 , both of whom were Republicans -RRB- , or Johnson 's performance in the Mountain and Midwestern regions of the United States . As of 2017 , this is the last time Alaska , Idaho , Kansas , Nebraska , North Dakota , Oklahoma , South Dakota , Utah and Wyoming voted for the Democratic candidate .
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United_States_Marine_Corps
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The United States Marine Corps -LRB- USMC -RRB- , also known as the United States Marines , is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for providing power projection , using the mobility of the United States Navy , by Congressional mandate , to deliver rapidly , combined-arms task forces on land , at sea , and in the air . The U.S. Marine Corps is one of the four armed service branches in the U.S. Department of Defense -LRB- DoD -RRB- and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States . The current Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , the highest-ranking military officer in the U.S. Armed Forces , is a Marine Corps general . The Marine Corps has been a component of the U.S. Department of the Navy since 30 June 1834 , working closely with naval forces for training , transportation , and logistics . The USMC operates posts on land and aboard sea-going amphibious warfare ships around the world . Additionally , several of the Marines ' tactical aviation squadrons , primarily Marine Fighter Attack squadrons , are also embedded in Navy carrier air wings and operate from the Navy 's nuclear-powered aircraft carriers . Two battalions of Continental Marines were formed on 10 November 1775 in Philadelphia as a service branch of infantry troops capable of fighting for independence both at sea and on shore . The role of the Corps has since grown and evolved , expanding to aerial warfare and earning popular titles such as , `` America 's third air force '' , and , `` second land army '' . The U.S. Marine Corps has distinguished itself as it has served in the majority of American wars and armed conflicts , from its inception to the modern era , and attained prominence in the 20th century when its theories and practices of amphibious warfare proved prescient and ultimately formed the cornerstone of the Pacific theater of World War II . By the mid-20th century , the U.S. Marine Corps had become a major theorist of and the world 's dominant practitioner of amphibious warfare . Its ability to rapidly respond on short notice to expeditionary crises gives it a strong role in the implementation and execution of American foreign policy . As of 2016 , the USMC has around 182,000 active duty members and some 38,500 reserve Marines . It is the smallest of the U.S. Armed Forces within the DoD .
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UEFA_Euro_2016_qualifying
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The UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from September 2014 to November 2015 to determine the 23 UEFA member men 's national teams joining the automatically qualified hosts France in the UEFA Euro 2016 final tournament . A total of 53 national teams participated in this qualifying process , with Gibraltar taking part for the first time . The draw took place at the Palais des Congrès Acropolis , Nice , on 23 February 2014 . Sides were seeded according to the UEFA national team coefficient rankings , which were announced along with the draw procedure and final tournament match schedule after the 23 -- 24 January Executive Committee meeting in Nyon .
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Unapologetic
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Unapologetic is the seventh studio album by Barbadian singer Rihanna . It was released on November 19 , 2012 , by Def Jam Recordings and SRP Records . It was recorded between June and November 2012 , during promotion of her sixth album , Talk That Talk -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . As executive producer , Rihanna enlisted previous collaborators The-Dream , David Guetta , Chase & Status , and StarGate to work alongside new collaborators such as Parker Ighile , Mike Will Made-It , and Labrinth . Unapologetic is mainly a pop , dubstep and R&B album that incorporates elements of hip hop , EDM and reggae in its production , similar to the sound of her previous albums Talk That Talk and Rated R -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Unapologetic received generally mixed reviews from critics , with some reviewers describing its music as interesting , while others criticized its lyrical content and rushed nature . The album won a Grammy Award for Best Urban Contemporary Album at the 2014 ceremony . It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 238,000 copies , becoming Rihanna 's first number one album on the chart and best-selling debut week of her career . The album also became the singer 's third , fourth , and fifth consecutive number one album in the United Kingdom , Norway , and Switzerland , respectively . As of December 2014 , Unapologetic has sold over four million copies worldwide . The album produced seven singles including the international hits `` Diamonds '' and `` Stay '' . The former peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 where it became Rihanna 's twelfth number one song , tying her with Madonna and The Supremes for fourth most number one songs in the history of the chart . Prior to its release , Rihanna promoted the album with the 777 Tour which consisted of a seven-date promotional tour in which she performed seven concerts each in a different city in North America and Europe in seven days . To further promote Unapologetic , Rihanna embarked on her fourth worldwide tour entitled the Diamonds World Tour .
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United_States_Navy
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The United States Navy -LRB- USN -RRB- is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States . The U.S. Navy is the largest , most capable navy in the world , with the highest combined battle fleet tonnage . The U.S. Navy has the world 's largest aircraft carrier fleet , with ten in service , two in the reserve fleet , and three new carriers under construction . The service has 323,792 personnel on active duty and 108,515 in the Navy Reserve . It has 274 deployable combat vessels and more than 3,700 operational aircraft . The U.S. Navy traces its origins to the Continental Navy , which was established during the American Revolutionary War and was effectively disbanded as a separate entity shortly thereafter . It played a major role in the American Civil War by blockading the Confederacy and seizing control of its rivers . It played the central role in the World War II defeat of Imperial Japan . The 21st century U.S. Navy maintains a sizable global presence , deploying in strength in such areas as the Western Pacific , the Mediterranean , and the Indian Ocean . It is a blue-water navy with the ability to project force onto the littoral regions of the world , engage in forward areas during peacetime , and rapidly respond to regional crises , making it a frequent actor in U.S. foreign and military policy . The Navy is administratively managed by the Department of the Navy , which is headed by the civilian Secretary of the Navy . The Department of the Navy is itself a division of the Department of Defense , which is headed by the Secretary of Defense . The Chief of Naval Operations -LRB- CNO -RRB- is a four-star admiral and the senior naval officer of the Department of the Navy . The CNO may not be the highest ranking naval officer in the armed forces if the Chairman or the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , who by law outrank the CNO , are Navy officers .
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Uganda
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Uganda -LRB- -LSB- juːˈɡændə -RSB- or -LSB- juːˈɡɑːndə -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Uganda , is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by South Sudan , to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , to the south-west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region . Uganda also lies within the Nile basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate . Uganda takes its name from the Buganda kingdom , which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country , including the capital Kampala . The people of Uganda were hunter-gatherers until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago , when Bantu-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country . Beginning in 1894 , the area was ruled as a protectorate by the British , who established administrative law across the territory . Uganda gained independence from Britain on 9 October 1962 . The period since then has been marked by intermittent conflicts , including a lengthy civil war against the Lord 's Resistance Army in the Northern Region , which has caused hundreds of thousands of casualties . The official languages are English and Swahili , although `` any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative , administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law . '' Luganda , a central language , is widely spoken across the country , and several other languages are also spoken including Runyoro , Runyankole , Rukiga , and Luo . The president of Uganda is Yoweri Museveni , who came to power in January 1986 after a protracted six-year guerrilla war .
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Vantage_Point_-LRB-film-RRB-
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Vantage Point is a 2008 American thriller film directed by Pete Travis ; it was adapted from a screenplay written by Barry L. Levy . The story focuses on an assassination attempt on the President of the United States , as seen from the various vantage points of different characters . Dennis Quaid , Matthew Fox , Forest Whitaker , William Hurt , and Sigourney Weaver star in principal roles . The film is often compared , unfavorably , to Akira Kurosawa 's Rashomon , which also employed storytelling through multiple perspectives . Rashomon used the multiple perspectives to question the possibility of truth , in a process called the Rashomon effect ; in contrast , Vantage Point recounts a series of events which are re-enacted from several different perspectives and viewpoints in order to reveal a truthful account of what happened . Vantage Point also explores kidnapping , assassination and terrorism . The motion picture was co-produced by Relativity Media , Original Film , and Art In Motion . It was commercially distributed by Columbia Pictures theatrically , and by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment in home media format . The film project began principal photography in Mexico City on June 18 , 2006 . Executive producers for the film included Callum Greene , Tania Landau , and Lynwood Spinks . On February 26 , 2008 , the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack was released by the Varèse Sarabande label . The film score was composed by musician Atli Örvarsson . Following its premiere on February 22 , 2008 , Vantage Point grossed $ 72,266,306 in domestic ticket receipts . The film was screened at 3,163 theaters during its widest release nationwide in the United States . It earned an additional $ 78,895,185 in business through international release to top out at a combined $ 151,161,491 in gross revenue . The film was technically considered a strong financial success due to its $ 40 million budget costs . Preceding its theatrical run though , the film was met with generally mixed to negative critical reviews . The widescreen DVD and high-definition Blu-ray Disc editions of the film featuring the director 's audio commentary and interviews with the cast and crew , were both released in the United States on July 8 , 2008 .
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Ultraviolence_-LRB-album-RRB-
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Ultraviolence is the third studio album and second major-label record by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey , released on June 13 , 2014 by UMG Recordings . Despite originally dismissing the possibility of releasing another record after her major-label debut Born to Die -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Del Rey began planning its follow-up in 2013 . Production continued into 2014 , at which time she heavily collaborated with Dan Auerbach to revamp what she initially considered to be the completed record . The project saw additional contributions from producers including Paul Epworth , Greg Kurstin , Daniel Heath , and Rick Nowels . Ultraviolence received positive reviews from contemporary music critics , who commended its cohesion as a concept album , compared to her previous albums , and its overall production . It has also been noted as an improvement from Del Rey 's debut album Born to Die . It debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 182,000 copies , becoming Del Rey 's first number-one album on the chart and the best-selling debut week of her career . Ultraviolence was preceded by the digital release of five singles , the top 20 hit `` West Coast '' , `` Shades of Cool '' , `` Ultraviolence '' , `` Brooklyn Baby '' and `` Black Beauty '' . On December 1 , 2014 , she announced The Endless Summer Tour featuring shows with Courtney Love and Grimes , to support the album . Ultraviolence has sold 1,200,000 copies worldwide as of December 2014 .
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Vancouver
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Vancouver -LRB- -LSB- vænˈkuːvər -RSB- , -LSB- localvæŋ - -RSB- -RRB- is a coastal seaport city in Canada , located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia . As the most populous city in the province , the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city , up from 603,502 in 2011 . The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016 , making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada . Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre . With over 250,000 residents , Vancouver is the fourth most densely populated city in North America behind New York City , San Francisco , and Mexico City according to the 2011 census . In that census , Vancouver was one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada ; 52 % of its residents have a first language other than English . Vancouver is classed as a Beta global city . Vancouver is consistently named as one of the top five worldwide cities for livability and quality of life , and the Economist Intelligence Unit acknowledged it as the first city ranked among the top-ten of the world 's most well-living cities for five consecutive years . Vancouver has hosted many international conferences and events , including the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games , UN Habitat I , Expo 86 , the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009 ; and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics which were held in Vancouver and Whistler , a resort community 125 km north of the city . In 2014 , following thirty years in California , the annual TED conference made Vancouver its indefinite home . Several matches of the 2015 FIFA Women 's World Cup were played in Vancouver , including the final at BC Place . The original settlement , named Gastown , grew up on clearcuts on the west edge of the Hastings Mill logging sawmill 's property , where a makeshift tavern had been set up on a plank between two stumps and the proprietor , Gassy Jack , persuaded the curious millworkers to build him a tavern , on 1 July 1867 . From that first enterprise , other stores and some hotels quickly appeared along the waterfront to the west . Gastown became formally laid out as a registered townsite dubbed Granville , B.I. -LRB- `` B.I '' standing for `` Burrard Inlet '' -RRB- . As part of the land and political deal whereby the area of the townsite was made the railhead of the Canadian Pacific Railway -LRB- CPR -RRB- , it was renamed `` Vancouver '' and incorporated shortly thereafter as a city , in 1886 . By 1887 , the transcontinental railway was extended to the city to take advantage of its large natural seaport , which soon became a vital link in a trade route between the Orient , Eastern Canada , and Europe . , Port Metro Vancouver is the third largest port by tonnage in the Americas -LRB- displacing New York -RRB- , 27th in the world , the busiest and largest in Canada , and the most diversified port in North America . While forestry remains its largest industry , Vancouver is well known as an urban centre surrounded by nature , making tourism its second-largest industry . Major film production studios in Vancouver and Burnaby have turned Greater Vancouver and nearby areas into one of the largest film production centres in North America , earning it the film industry nickname , Hollywood North .
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Twinjet
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A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines . Such configuration of an aircraft is the most popular today for commercial airliners , for fighters , and many other kinds , because while offering safety from a single engine failure , it is also acceptably fuel-efficient .
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