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Quantum spin, tensor product: a long time relationship | Should it be obvious that independent quantum states are composed by taking the tensor product? | Should it be obvious that independent quantum states are composed by taking the tensor product? | eng_Latn | 4,200 |
Infinite cartesian product from Herbert Enderton's Elements of set theory | Definition of the Infinite Cartesian Product | Tensor product vs. Cartesian Product for composite quantum systems | eng_Latn | 4,201 |
Scalable Replay-Based Replication For Fast Databases | Rethinking main memory OLTP recovery | Quantum Recommendation Systems | kor_Hang | 4,202 |
Learning with Errors is easy with quantum samples | Efficient Fully Homomorphic Encryption from (Standard) LWE | A Pseudo-Response Regulator is misexpressed in the photoperiod insensitive Ppd-D1a mutant of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | eng_Latn | 4,203 |
What books should I read to learn more about quantum physics? | What book should I read to understand quantum physics? | What is the best book on quantum mechanics published in 2015? | eng_Latn | 4,204 |
What is "quantization"? Give one example | What is Quantization? | What is Quantization? | eng_Latn | 4,205 |
Understanding latent sector errors and how to protect against them | A new intra-disk redundancy scheme for high-reliability RAID storage systems in the presence of unrecoverable errors | The geometry of generalized Pauli operators of N-qudit Hilbert space, and an application to MUBs | eng_Latn | 4,206 |
Which book is most useful for studying quantum mechanics? | Which book will be more prefer to study quantum mechanics? | What is the best book on quantum mechanics published in 2015? | eng_Latn | 4,207 |
define qua | Qua is defined as in the function of, or in the capacity of. An example of qua is an assistant manager acting as manager while the manager is out sick; the assistant manager qua manager. in the function, character, or capacity of; as: the President qua Commander in Chief. Origin of qua. | Look up QA/QC in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. QA/QC is the combination of quality assurance, the process or set of processes used to measure and assure the quality of a product, and quality control, the process of ensuring products and services meet consumer expectations. | ita_Latn | 4,208 |
Generation of sheet currents by high frequency fast MHD waves | Geometry of fast magnetosonic rays, wavefronts and shock waves, Physics Letters A 380, 3817-3822 | IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are rare in pediatric myeloid malignancies | eng_Latn | 4,209 |
Self-consistent particle simulation of three-dimensional dc magnetron discharge | Influence of Operating Parameters on Target Erosion of Rectangular Planar DC Magnetron | The hidden-charm strong decays of the $Z_c$ states | eng_Latn | 4,210 |
The Electrical Resistance of Iron Wires and Permalloy Strips at Radiofrequencies | The ratio of a.c. to d.c. resistances of iron wires and permalloy strips has been measured in the frequency range 1.5–6.0 megacycles per sec. Empirical equations obtained are compared with existing theoretical equations derived on the assumption of constant permeability. | We theoretically propose a method to identify $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}s$-wave order parameter in recently discovered Fe-pnictide superconductors. Our idea uses the Riedel anomaly in ac-Josephson current through a $\text{SI}(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\text{S})$ (single-band $s$-wave superconductor/insulator/$\ifm... | eng_Latn | 4,211 |
Relaxation of spheromak configurations with open flux | Progress of the Plasma Centerpost for the PROTO-SPHERA Spherical Tokamak | Transcriptional activation of HIF-1 by a ROS-ERK axis underlies the resistance to photodynamic therapy | eng_Latn | 4,212 |
Losses in sinusoidal filter chokes | Predicting iron losses in soft magnetic materials with arbitrary voltage supply: an engineering approach | Completely Stale Transmitter Channel State Information is Still Very Useful | eng_Latn | 4,213 |
Large-scale distribution of discrete auroras and field-aligned currents. | Euler potentials for two layers with non-constant current densities in the ambient magnetic field aligned to the layers | The transport of low density lipoprotein-derived cholesterol to the plasma membrane is defective in NPC1 cells. | eng_Latn | 4,214 |
Methane conversion in low-temperature plasma | Non Catalytic Methane Formation from Syngas in the Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma, Initiated by Microsecond Pulses | Practical verification of topology for a high voltage pulse converter for non-thermal plasma generation | eng_Latn | 4,215 |
A fluid model of the edge plasma in low-temperature discharges containing beam electrons | Modeling plasmas in analytical chemistry—an example of cross-fertilization | Constant delay enumeration with FPT-preprocessing for conjunctive queries of bounded submodular width | eng_Latn | 4,216 |
Visual inspection and motion control for invessel tile servoing tasks in a Tokamak vessel | Design and Material Selection for ITER First Wall/Blanket, Divertor and Vacuum Vessel | Decommissioning of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor | eng_Latn | 4,217 |
Fundamental limitations of the local approximation for electron distribution function and fluid model in bounded plasmas | Ambipolar field role in formation of electron distribution function in gas discharge plasma | Neural network representability of fully ionized plasma fluid model closures | eng_Latn | 4,218 |
Measurement of plasma parameters in the far-field plume of a Hall effect thruster | Evaluation of various probe designs for measuring the ion current density in a Hall thruster plume . IEPC-2017-336 | No evidence for apparent extent between parallels as the basis of the Poggendorff effect | eng_Latn | 4,219 |
Plasma physics and controlled nuclear fusion research 1974 | Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations on COMPASS-C tokamak discharges | Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion | eng_Latn | 4,220 |
This paper presents the braking control performance of a vehicle anti-lock brake system featuring an electrorheological (ER) fluid. As a first step, a cylindrical type of ER valve is devised and its pressure controllability is experimentally confirmed. Then, a hydraulic booster for amplifying the field-dependent pressu... | Conventional electrorheological (ER) fluids consist of suspensions of microparticles in usually nonconducting fluids with a different dielectric constant. The interparticle interaction, and hence, the rheology of ER fluids, is determined by an external electric field, which polarizes grains and thus induces additional ... | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 4,221 |
The goal of the Fermilab high field magnet (HFM) R&D project is to explore various designs and production technology of a high-field, low-cost Nb/sub 3/Sn accelerator magnet suitable for a future Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC). The model under fabrication consists of two-layer shell-type coil with 43.5 mm aperture a... | The superconducting 11 T dipole magnets developed at CERN for the HL-LHC project are equipped with coils manufactured from Nb3Sn Rutherford cables and following the wind and react fabrication technique. The brittleness of the multifilamentary structure of the Nb3Sn within the cable strands exposes the coils to permanen... | A 75-year-old woman suffered severe haemoptysis after insertion of a Swan-Ganz catheter in an intensive care unit. Control of the pulmonary artery haemorrhage was quickly and successfully achieved with stainless steel coils as the embolic material. | eng_Latn | 4,222 |
This paper addresses nuclear analysis on the Korean fusion demonstration reactor (K-DEMO) divertor to estimate the overall trend of nuclear heating values and displacement damages. The K-DEMO divertor model was created and converted by the CAD (Pro-Engineer™) and Monte Carlo automatic modeling programs as a 22.5° secto... | This paper presents a shutdown dose rate (SDR) calculation to estimate a newly developed preliminary concept of the equatorial port model for the Korean fusion demonstration reactor (K-DEMO). The equatorial port model was designed to provide effective radiation shielding abilities adopting the port shielding block and ... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,223 |
The R3B-Glad superconducting Magnet provides the field required for a large acceptance spectrometer, dedicated to the analysis of Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive ions Beams. In the framework of the FAIR Project to GSI and within NUSTAR physics program, the technical study started in 2006, and the engineering fa... | The 9-m long superconducting model coil B0 was built to verify design parameters and exercise the construction of the barrel toroid magnet of ATLAS detector. The model coil has been successfully tested at CERN. An intensive test program to study quench propagation through the coil windings as well as the temperature di... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,224 |
Sufficient conditions are determined for the unboundedness (unsolvability ‘in the large’) of the solutions of boundary value problems for a class ofquasilinear equations and systems of equations of parabolic type, describing the propagation of heat in media with non-linear heat conduction and volume liberation of energ... | Three types of blow-up for a fourth-order degenerate reaction-diffusion equation are studied by a combination of analytic and numerical methods. At the critical values of parameters, there occurs a variational problem with a countable set of solutions obtained by Lysternik--Shnirelman category theory, which then are ex... | In this study, a two-dimensional axisymmetric computational model of spark discharge in air is presented to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of the process. Better understanding of the modeling issues in spark discharge processes is an important issue for the automotive spark plug community. In this work ... | eng_Latn | 4,225 |
© 2002-2011 IEEE. Due to the improvement in the manufacturing of the superconductor, the superconducting magnets have been widely used in the areas such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particle accelerators, and magnetic levitation systems. The transformer-rectifier flux pump is an effective method to energize the... | The dynamic resistance in a slab-like superconductor is calculated, taking into account a field-dependent critical current density. In superconductors carrying DC transport current in an AC external magnetic field, the dynamic resistance causes a transport loss which depends on the amplitude and frequency of this field... | ABSTRACTUNC-45A is an ubiquitously expressed protein highly conserved throughout evolution. Most of what we currently know about UNC-45A pertains to its role as a regulator of the actomyosin system... | eng_Latn | 4,226 |
Benchmarks of DEGAS 2 against EIRENE yield agreement to within 5% and comparable single processor run times. DEGAS 2 demonstrates a nearly linear increase in processing speed with the number of parallel processors. That speed is put to practical use here in the first runs of UEDGE coupled to DEGAS 2. The results of the... | A design study of a fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE) is underway to investigate and assess near term opportunities for advancing the scientific understanding of self-heated fusion plasmas. The emphasis for the FIRE program is on understanding the behavior of plasmas dominated by alpha heating (Q≥5). Study act... | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 4,227 |
Current-voltage characteristics were measured in the mixed state of Y(1)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) superconducting films in the regime where flux flow becomes unstable and the differential conductivity dj/dE becomes negative. Under conditions where its negative slope is steep, the j(E) curve develops a pronounced staircase-l... | We report numerical simulations of large-amplitude oscillations of a trapped vortex line under a strong ac magnetic field $H(t)=H\sin\omega t$ parallel to the surface. The power dissipated by an oscillating vortex segment driven by the surface ac Meissner currents was calculated by taking into account the nonlinear vor... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,228 |
This article is devoted to the study of Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBD) and afterglows obtained at atmospheric pressure in nitrogen. Electrical and optical analysis of the DBD reactor are carried out in order to characterize specific activated gaseous species, which can travel with low energy dispersion for long di... | The Third International Workshop & Summer School on Plasma Physics (IWSSPP'08) organized by St Kliment Ohridsky University of Sofia, with co-organizers TCPA Foundation, Association EURATOM/IRNRE, The Union of the Physicists in Bulgaria, and the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences was held in Kiten, Bulgaria, at the Black Sea... | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 4,229 |
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEAT POWER SUPPLY PROTOTYPE BASED ON HIGH-ENERGY PROCESSES IN SOLID MEDIUM INTERACTING WITH HYDROGEN IONS FLUX | A Possible Mechanism For Cold Fusion | ON COFINITELY WEAK ı SUPPLEMENTED MODULES | yue_Hant | 4,230 |
Strand production and benchmark testing for the ITER model coils | Testing of industrial Nb3Sn strands for high field fusion magnets | Completely Stale Transmitter Channel State Information is Still Very Useful | eng_Latn | 4,231 |
Calculation of eddy currents by dual energy methods | Optimal Cohomology Generators for 2-D Eddy-Current Problems in Linear Time | Lipoprotein Electrophoresis Should Be Discontinued as a Routine Procedure | eng_Latn | 4,232 |
NEUTRAL-POINT REGION IN PETSCHEK'S MODEL OF MAGNETIC-FIELD ANNIHILATION. | 3D magnetic reconnection and its application to solar flares | Evaluation of divergent N-echelon (s, nQ)-policies under compound renewal demand | yue_Hant | 4,233 |
A High Current, Subnanosecond Response Faraday Cup | Stability of Injection of a Subnanosecond High-Current Electron Beam and Dynamic Effects Within Its Rise Time | 101 Flux Decline in Ultrafiltration Processes | eng_Latn | 4,234 |
Stability of the Primakoff-Sedov blast wave and its generalizations | The Sedov self-similar point blast solutions in nonuniform media | Further studies on numerical instabilities of Godunov-type schemes for strong shocks | eng_Latn | 4,235 |
Design and performance of a facility to measure electromagnetic emissions from electric satellite thrusters | Electromagnetic Emissions from DC to 17 GHz from a Pulsed Plasma Thruster (PPT) | No iron fertilization in the equatorial Pacific Ocean during the last ice age | eng_Latn | 4,236 |
Acceleration of ions by electric field pulses in the inner magnetosphere | Acceleration of protons and heavy ions to suprathermal energies during dipolarizations in the near-Earth magnetotail | Theory and design of piezoelectric resonators immune to acceleration: present state of the art | eng_Latn | 4,237 |
Simulation of collisionless shocks in plasmas with high metallicity | The Hybrid Multiscale Simulation Technology | Collision Capacity Evaluation of RC Columns by Impact Simulation and Probabilistic Evaluation | eng_Latn | 4,238 |
Very-near-field plume simulation of a stationary plasma thruster | Approximate semi-analytical solutions for the steady-state expansion of a contactor plasma | Characterization of the NASA Langley Arc Heated Scramjet Test Facility using NO PLIF | eng_Latn | 4,239 |
Parasitic Magnetic Coupling in Voltage Measurement Setups for Impulse Current Tests | Arc Extinguishing Method of SPD Type 1 | No evidence for apparent extent between parallels as the basis of the Poggendorff effect | eng_Latn | 4,240 |
Two-dimensional dynamics of a high-temperature magnetized plasma in plasma switches | Study of Electron Beams in Wire Arrays at 1-MA $Z$-Pinch Generators | A solvable model for the basic properties of a simple magnetized plasma torus | eng_Latn | 4,241 |
Measuring the homogeneity of ceramic superconductors by eddy current probing | REVIEW ARTICLE SQUIDs for nondestructive evaluation | Implications of Spatial Heterogeneity for the Paradox of Enrichment | eng_Latn | 4,242 |
Using SOLPS to confirm the importance of parallel area expansion in Super-X divertors | UKAEA capabilities to address the challenges on the path to delivering fusion power | No evidence for apparent extent between parallels as the basis of the Poggendorff effect | eng_Latn | 4,243 |
A detailed calculation of the sensitivity of a cryogenic current comparator (CCC) has been completed. The model accounts for the current distribution on the closed external shield and the overlapped shield around the windings. Additional refinements to the model lead to excellent agreement with sensitivity measurements... | The sensitivity of an overlapped-tube cryogenic current comparator (CCC) has been calculated including the effect of an external shield. Dimensions of the shield, tube and pick-up coil can be optimised to give maximum sensitivity. Improvements in sensitivity by a factor of two or three are possible for a typical design... | The sensitivity of an overlapped-tube cryogenic current comparator (CCC) has been calculated including the effect of an external shield. Dimensions of the shield, tube and pick-up coil can be optimised to give maximum sensitivity. Improvements in sensitivity by a factor of two or three are possible for a typical design... | eng_Latn | 4,244 |
We report on the detection of the time-dependent B-field amplitude and topology in a laser-driven solenoid. The B-field inferred from both proton deflectometry and Faraday rotation ramps up linearly in time reaching 210 ± 35 T at the end of a 0.75-ns laser drive with 1 TW at 351 nm. A lumped-element circuit model agree... | Recent experiments are showing possibilities to generate strong magnetic fields on the excess of 500 T with high-energy nanosecond laser pulses in a compact setup of a capacitor connected to a single turn coil. Hot electrons ejected from the capacitor plate (cathode) are collected at the other plate (anode), thus provi... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,245 |
Recently, it was reported that RF induction plasma of a pulse-modulated operating mode had been successfully generated, for the first time, at a sufficiently high electric power level for materials processing. The unique conditions in the plasma, such as a non-equilibrium situation at the instance of pulse-on and -off ... | This paper presents a summary of fundamental principles and applications of modulated induction thermal plasmas that have been developed by the author's group. The modulated induction thermal plasma is established using a coil current that is modulated to the order of several hundreds of amperes at a millisecond time s... | Background ::: Serum calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations and calcium-phosphate product (CPP) levels are positively associated with worse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease, but there are few data for Pi or Ca and none for CPP in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). | eng_Latn | 4,246 |
FNAL and CERN are developing a twin-aperture 11 T $$Nb_{3}Sn$$ dipole suitable for installation in the LHC. A single-aperture 2-m long dipole demonstrator and two 1-m long dipole models have been fabricated and tested at FNAL in 2012-2014. The two 1 m long collared coils were then assembled into the first twin-aperture... | The high-luminosity large hadron collider (LHC) project at CERN entered into the production phase in October 2015 after the completion of the design study phase. In the meantime, the development of the 11 T dipole needed for the upgrade of the collimation system of the machine made significant progress with very good p... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,247 |
We propose to generate an ultra-high magnetic field greater than 10 MG on the basis of a z-pinch liner powered with a fast disk flux compression generator (DFCG) and a MC-I generator. A mathematical model of the electromagnetic liner acceleration and the magnetic flux compression when DFCG current passes through the li... | A scheme of a device intended for amplification of an axial magnetic field by a system of solid-state cylindrical liners is described in this paper. A 1-D magnetohydrodynamic model used in this paper is stated briefly. Calculation results of ultrahigh magnetic-field generation using one-, two-, and three-stage liner sy... | The oxidative polymorphism of debrisoquine (DBQ) has been determined in 89 patients with colo-rectal cancer and in 556 normal control subjects. Four patients and 34 controls, with a metabolic ratio >12.6, were classified as poor metabolisers of DBQ (n.s.). | eng_Latn | 4,248 |
In the work we present experimental results for AC losses and critical currents of biaxially aligned YBCO-123 coated conductors, with Hastelloy as a substrate material. The critical current density of the tapes was of the order of 4.10 9 A/m 2 at the liquid nitrogen temperature. Magnetization losses, in sinusoidally va... | For example in some supercondcuting generators, motors and power transmission cables the superconductor experiences a changing magnetic field in a DC background. Simulating the losses caused by this AC ripple field is an important task from the application design point of view. In this work, we compare two formulations... | Efficient laser-diode pumped Cr, Yb:YAG self-Q-switched laser by bonding Yb:YAG crystal to enhance inversion population have been demonstrated for the first time. Average output power of 1 W and optical-to-optical efficiency of 18.5% have been achieved. | eng_Latn | 4,249 |
The magnetic design of a ten-period (each period 14 mm) prototype superconducting undulator is reported using RADIA. The results of modelling the magnetic flux density are presented in an analytical formula. The dependence of the field integrals and phase error on the current density and undulator gap has been calculat... | In this paper, we study the magnetic field measurement of U20 undulator. The U20 is a prototype hybrid structure of NdFeB magnets and cobalt steel poles. The hybrid device is made up of 25 periods with a period length of 20-mm each and is designed to deliver magnetic flux density (in rms) from 2400G to 500G in the 10–2... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,250 |
Internal transport barriers (ITBs) can provide high tokamak confinement at modest plasma current. This is desirable for operation with most of the current driven non-inductively by the bootstrap mechanism, as currently envisaged for steady-state power plants. Maintaining such plasmas in steady conditions with high plas... | The control of the toroidal current density spatial profile in tokamak plasmas will be absolutely critical in future commercial-grade reactors to enable high fusion gain, non-inductive sustainment of the plasma current for steady-state operation, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instability-free performance. The evolution... | The Korean mobile telecommunication services industry is entering a new transition period. This has been brought about by the market for mobile telecommunications reaching maturity, the launching of the IMT-2000 service and the scheduled introduction of mobile number portability. In response, the industry is shifting i... | eng_Latn | 4,251 |
A numerical simulation that is cylindrical in configuration space and 3-D (v/sub x/, v/sub y/, v/sub z/) in velocity space has been initiated to test a model for the near-wake dynamics of a very negatively charged body, with reference to the plasma environment around spacecraft. The simulation parameters were closely m... | 3D-PIC (Particle In Cell) simulations were performed to emulate the dynamics and collection of plasma particles onto the surface of the UWE-IV, a satellite of miniaturized dimensions (CubeSat) launched in 2018. We review the electrostatic potential, currents collected and plasma disturbances of the CubeSat and characte... | Oscillatory modes of swimming are used by a majority of aquatic swimmers to generate thrust. This work seeks to understand the phenomenological relationship between the body and caudal fin for fast and efficient thunniform swimming. Phase-averaged velocity data was collected and analyzed in order to understand the effe... | eng_Latn | 4,252 |
[1] Measurements from the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS) and Magnetometer (MAG) on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft during 40 orbits about Mercury are used to characterize the plasma depletion layer just exterior to the planet's dayside magnetopause. A plasma depleti... | [1] The Magnetic Pileup Boundary (MPB) is a sharp and permanent plasma boundary located between the bow shock and the ionospheric boundary, reported so far at Mars and comets. We use Mars Global Surveyor Magnetometer data to do a quantitative analysis of the magnetic field geometry in the surroundings of the Martian MP... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,253 |
The electrical potential of plasma generated from an atmospheric plasma jet device with Ar or He gas is measured with a high voltage probe in a plasma column inside a tube as well as in the plasma ejected through the open end of the tube. When the double plasma jet devices with Ar-gas are operated by the opposite polar... | The current–voltage characteristics of atmospheric pressure plasma jets with various working gases (He, Ne, Ar, N2, and air) are investigated. Systems of the plasma jets are composed of a syringe needle inserted into a glass tube and are operated by a sinusoidal high-voltage through a dc–ac inverter generating several ... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,254 |
An assessment of the trade-offs between total electrical energy, the pulse shape which is delivered to the gun and the chemical energy is presented for a future medium/large calibre (circa 130 mm) electrothermal-chemical (ETC) indirect fire gun system. In particular, this paper discusses the implications on total gun s... | Summary form only given. In this paper, a new method for current pulse shape conditioning is presented by taking a two-phase, 4 poles, slotless and iron-based passive compulsator (PCPA) as an example. The method is based on changing the number of turns of two-phase windings placed orthogonally while the number of condu... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,255 |
A version of extended magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) that incorporates electron inertia is obtained by constructing an action principle. Unlike MHD which freezes in magnetic flux, the present theory freezes in an alternative flux related to the electron canonical momentum. The associated Hamiltonian formulation is derived ... | Recently, an extended version of magnetohydrodynamics that incorporates electron inertia, dubbed inertial magnetohydrodynamics, has been proposed [Lingam et al., Phys. Lett. A, 379, 570–576 (2015)]. This model features a noncanonical Hamiltonian formulation with a number of conserved quantities, including the total ene... | This textbook provides a modern and accessible introduction to magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). It describes the two main applications of plasma physics – laboratory research on thermonuclear fusion energy, and plasma-astrophysics of the solar system, stars and accretion discs – from the single viewpoint of MHD. This approa... | eng_Latn | 4,256 |
Aims. We perform a three-dimensional (3D) high resolution numerical simulation in isothermal magnetohydrodynamics to study the magnetic reconnection process in a current sheet (CS) formed during an eruption of a twisted magnetic flux rope (MFR). Because the twist distribution violates the Kruskal-Shafranov condition, t... | We describe a partial filament eruption on 11 December 2011 that demonstrates that the inclusion of mass is an important next step for understanding solar eruptions. Observations from the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory-Behind (STEREO-B) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft were used to remove li... | We present the case of a 50-year-old man who developed a delayed progressive swelling over the medial aspect of his right thigh, six weeks following minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) of a supracondylar femur fracture. Angiography showed a false aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery, caused by progress... | eng_Latn | 4,257 |
[1] We propose a quasi-steady nonlinear circuit model for the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere (SW-M-I) coupling to study the observed saturation of polar cap potential. The oval conductance is shown to be a nonlinear circuit element since it increases with increasing dayside reconnection E field driving the propose... | [1] Cross polar cap voltage saturation has been observed by various measurement techniques. An example of the saturation is shown in this paper and an explanation is proposed in terms of magnetospheric current behavior. The cross cap voltage saturation might be associated with either a voltage source or a current sourc... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,258 |
Stability of efficient operation at one of the high-order modes is of great importance for the development of megawatt-level gyrotrons intended for plasma experiments in controlled fusion reactors. Typically such gyrotrons operate at modes with large azimuthal indices, which form a rather dense spectrum of eigenfrequen... | In this paper, the design studies of a triple frequency (170/204/236GHz) coaxial cavity gyrotron are carried out which is suitable for plasma heating application in a commercial fusion demonstration (DEMO) tokamak class prototype reactor. To reduce the spatial and maintenance requirements in the heating system of the D... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,259 |
The results on time-dependent 2-D fluid modeling of edge plasmas with non-diffusive intermittent transport across the magnetic field (termed cross-field) based on the novel macro-blob approach are presented. The capability of this approach to simulate the long temporal evolution (∼0.1 s) of the background plasma and si... | A simplified model describing turbulent plasma transport in the far scrape-off layer has been proposed for calculation of the plasma heat and particle fluxes to the first wall (FW) of the DEMO tokamak. The model has been implemented in the TOKES code for simulation of the heat flux distribution along the tokamak FW. Fi... | Perfect Quantum Cloning Machines (QCM) would allow to use quantum nonlocality for arbitrary fast signaling. However perfect QCM cannot exist. We derive a bound on the fidelity of QCM compatible with the no-signaling constraint. This bound equals the fidelity of the Bu\v{z}ek-Hillery QCM. | eng_Latn | 4,260 |
High-field accelerator magnets of the next generation will require coil grading in order to decrease the amount of superconductor and hence the magnet cost. The joints between Nb ::: 3 ::: Sn conductor grades must have low electrical resistance (<;1 nΩ) and reasonably good mechanical strength. The joints are classified... | The German SUpraLeiterTest ANlage (SULTAN) test facility at the Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasma (CRPP), Villigen, is a worldwide unique tool to test high current superconductors over a broad range of operating conditions. The key component of the facility is a set of forced flow superconducting coils to gen... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,261 |
The ATLAS detector is one of the huge detectors used on the future LHC at CERN. Its magnet system is composed of a barrel toroid (BT) and two end-cap toroids (ECT) inserted at the ends of the BT, of an inner solenoid and of an iron shield close to the inner bore of the BT. The coil cryogenic system is designed to cool ... | This paper deals with the calculation of the eddy currents in the structures of a Tokamak, which can be assimilated to thin conductors, so that the three-dimensional problem can be reduced mathematically to a two-dimensional one, the variables being two orthogonal coordinates of the considered surface. A variational fo... | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 4,262 |
An extremely simple arc discharge unit for producing high-energy carbon plasma ions for the deposition of the adhesion layer of high-quality diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings is presented. The system contains only a simplistic anode–cathode arrangement and the anode–cathode and ignition circuits. The high-ion energies... | The current status of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings for biomedical applications is reviewed with emphasis on load-bearing coatings. Although diamond-like carbon coating materials have been studied for decades, no indisputably successful commercial biomedical applications for high load situations exist today. High ... | Several researchers have measured ions leaving ion thruster discharge chambers with energies far greater than measured discharge chamber potentials. Presented in this paper is a new mechanism for the generation of high energy ions and a comparison with measured ion spectra. The source of high energy ions has been a puz... | eng_Latn | 4,263 |
We analyse the changes in the partial polarization of random, stationary light fields in transmission through a near-field probe. The probe is modelled as a two-dimensional metal-coated optical fibre tip through which the field is propagated by applying the boundary-integral method. Both the magnitude of the opening an... | L Ramdas Ram-Mohan Oxford: Oxford University Press (2002) £26.50 (paperback), ISBN 0-19-852522-2 Although this book is one of the Oxford Texts in Applied and Engineering Mathematics, we may think of it as a physics book. It explains how to solve the problem of quantum mechanics using the finite element method (FEM) and... | The Superconducting Magnet Division at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is making and testing 20 insertion region dipoles for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. These 9.45 m-long, 8 cm aperture magnets have the same coil design as the arc dipoles now operating in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at ... | eng_Latn | 4,264 |
The Sun is a magnetic star whose magnetism and cyclic activity is linked to the existence of an internal dynamo. We aim to understand the establishment of the solar magnetic 22-yr cycle, its associated butterfly diagram and field parity selection through numerical simulations of the solar global dynamo. Inspired by rec... | We want to study the connections between the magnetic field generated inside the Sun and the solar wind impacting Earth, especially the influence of north-south asymmetry on the magnetic and velocity fields. We study a solar-like 11-year cycle in a quasi-static way: an asymmetric dynamo field is generated through a 2.5... | Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are serious and growing health care problems worldwide, leading an increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over the past decade, emerging evidence has shown that an increased chromosomal damage, as determined by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus ... | eng_Latn | 4,265 |
Detailed stability studies are made with new diagnostics in the FRX‐C/LSM field‐reversed theta pinch [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (IAEA, Vienna, 1989), Vol. II, p. 517]. These studies seek the origin of a degradation of the confinement properties of field‐reversed configurations (FRC’s) that a... | We describe a program to demonstrate the scientific basis of magnetized target fusion (MTF). MTF is a potentially low-cost path to fusion which is intermediate in plasma regime between magnetic (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). MTF involves the compression of a magnetized target plasma and pressure times volume (... | We characterize stability under composition, inversion, and solution of ordinary differential equations for ultradifferentiable classes, and prove that all these stability properties are equivalent. | eng_Latn | 4,266 |
Most formation models and numerical simulations cause a helical magnetic field to form, accelerate and collimate jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN). For this reason, observational direct evidence for the existence of these helical magnetic fields is of special relevance. In this work, we present ultra-high-resolution... | The presence of a helical magnetic field threading the jet of an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) should give rise to a gradient in the observed Faraday rotation measure (RM) across the jet, due to the associated systematic change in the line-of-sight magnetic field. Reports of observations of transverse RM gradients acro... | We consider classical magnetic helicity (a Gauss invariant of magnetic lines) and higher helicity invariants as nonlinear constraints for dynamo action. We argue that the Gauss invariant has several properties absent from higher helicity invariants which prevents use of the latter to constrain dynamo action. We conside... | eng_Latn | 4,267 |
In order to model the non-equilibrium plasma within the discharge region of a Hall thruster, the velocity distribution functions (VDFs) must be obtained accurately. A direct kinetic (DK) simulation method that directly solves the plasma Boltzmann equation can achieve better resolution of VDFs in comparison to particle ... | A 100 W radial scaled Hall Thruster has been designed and manufactured using as reference design the D-55 thruster with anode layer (TAL). The magnetic field required is provided by permanent magnets following a modular design in order to compare three different magnetic field configurations: A) nominal, B) orthogonal ... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,268 |
The auroral current density-voltage and energy flux density-voltage relationships are derived under the assumption that magnetospheric electrons above the auroral acceleration region are described by the κ distribution function. To illustrate the effects of this boundary condition on auroral precipitation, a two-dimens... | We present two case studies of FAST electrostatic analyzer measurements of both highly nonthermal ($\kappa \lesssim$~2.5) and weakly nonthermal/thermal monoenergetic electron precipitation at $\sim$4000~km, from which we infer the properties of the magnetospheric source distributions via comparison of experimentally de... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,269 |
The feeding of as many as four experimental areas from a single ZGS pulse calls for a flexible system for controlling the spill of the beam. The beam is displaced radially into as many as four targets plunged into position after radial damping of the beam has occurred. Beam spills have been adjusted in time duration fr... | An energy discharge system has been constructed which permits repetitive pulses spaced 30 ms apart or greater to the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) beam bumper magnet. To allow beam bumping to either side of the equilibrium orbit, each pulse is independent in polarity and magnitude. Two pulses per machine cycle are pr... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,270 |
The Tevatron magnets at Fermilab are cooled by a hybrid system which consists of a 5000 liters/hr central helium liquefier coupled with a small-diameter liquid transfer line connecting twenty-four satellite refrigerators. The transfer line supplies liquid helium for both the refrigerators and the magnet lead flow as we... | The Energy Saver Refrigeration System is based on the concept of a central helium liquefier (5000 l/hr) providing liquid to 24 satellite refrigerators (966 W at 4.6/degree/K), which operate as amplifiers with a gain of 12. This concept was tested, cooling two 125 m long strings of superconducting magnets. The test was ... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,271 |
In this paper we examine theoretically the influence of density profile shape on the diocotron instability in a cylindrical, low-density (ωpe2≪ωce2) non-neutral electron plasma column confined radially by a uniform axial magnetic field B0ez. The analysis assumes electrostatic flute perturbations (∂/∂z=0) about an axisy... | We report on the physical mechanisms of development, coexistence and interaction of Pierce-Bursian and diocotron instabilities in the non-neutral relativistic electron beam (REB) in the classic vircator. The analytical and numerical analysis is provided by means of 3D electromagnetic simulation. We conducted an extensi... | We characterize stability under composition, inversion, and solution of ordinary differential equations for ultradifferentiable classes, and prove that all these stability properties are equivalent. | eng_Latn | 4,272 |
In electromagnetic launch (EML) applications, a compensated pulsed alternator is an effective form of pulsed power supply because of its high energy density and power density. The basic advantages of compensated pulsed alternators for EML applications are their higher energy density than capacitors and their export ac ... | Air-core pulsed alternators greatly enhance the power density capabilities of pulsed power supply for electromagnetic launchers. Compared with iron-core electric machines, they require very high-excitation currents. Usually, the self-excitation mode is adopted in these systems. However, the self-excitation mode is a po... | Attraction of lung macrophages to particle deposition sites has been demonstrated in different animal species. We reported a threefold increase of the number of macrophages to occur within 40 min after polystyrene particle deposition in hamster airways [Geiser et al. (1994) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 160: 594–603].... | eng_Latn | 4,273 |
This paper presents a study of the magnetization AC loss characteristics of YBCO coated conductors arranged in vertical stacks, which is a common configuration in practical applications such as superconducting coils. The AC losses in applied external perpendicular field are investigated both experimentally and by means... | The AC loss measurements of the high temperature superconductor (HTS) cable prototype in the EDIPO test facility motivated detailed investigations of the loss contributions from the tape, strand and cable stages of the HTS fusion conductor design proposed at the Swiss Plasma Center. As an initial step of the task, magn... | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 4,274 |
The paper aims to analyze the electromagnetic field components in the near field of a high frequency (HF) emission antenna. The typical case of a dipole antenna emitting Near Vertical Incident Skywave (NVIS) HF signals at two emitting frequencies (3.6 MHz and 7.1 MHz) and at 100 W input power is being discussed. The me... | High frequency data transmission over short distances (few tens-few hundreds of km) is a valuable option for communication links in special/critical situations. Present experimental study of noise level and channel availability for digital multi-carrier modulated signals in the range 2.5–7.6MHz showed that reliable tra... | The Superconducting Magnet Division at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is making and testing 20 insertion region dipoles for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. These 9.45 m-long, 8 cm aperture magnets have the same coil design as the arc dipoles now operating in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at ... | eng_Latn | 4,275 |
High-Speed and Schlieren Imaging of a Low Power Inductively Coupled Plasma Source for Potential Biomedical Applications | High-speed and Schlieren imaging have been used to visualize ignition transients, discharge behavior and flow fields of a plasma device integrating a low-power inductively coupled plasma torch, generating a high temperature thermal plasma, with a quenching device, able to cool the gaseous effluent down to biocompatible... | In this paper, we consider the second order wave equation discretized in space by summation-by-parts-simultaneous approximation term (SBP-SAT) technique. Special emphasis is placed on the accuracy analysis of the treatment of the Dirichlet boundary condition and of the grid interface condition. The result shows that a ... | eng_Latn | 4,276 |
On the origin of deformation microstructures in austenitic stainless steel: part I—microstructures | Abstract A comprehensive characterization of room temperature deformation microstructures was carried out by transmission electron microscopy for ion irradiated and deformed AISI 316LN austenitic stainless steel. Deformation microstructures were produced by a recently developed disk-bend test method and also by a uniax... | This paper deals with the development of a mathematical model for very high power density actively shielded air-core superconducting (SC) machines. The interacting forces of SC coils in the actively shielded SC machine are studied using a two-dimensional analytical approach. The transfer relation methodology is employe... | eng_Latn | 4,277 |
Tubular discharge in a magnetic field | Visual observations of Xe discharge glow in an axial magnetic field are described. Tubular discharge is detected in a narrow range of the parameters p, I, and H. A qualitative explanation of this effect is proposed. | Abstract An exact, three-dimensional, analytical description of the current distribution in the nozzle of an MHD channel, under imposed open conditions, is obtained. Strong vorticity of the current flow and high current concentration in the small regions toward the one side of the sidewalls and near the exit of the cha... | eng_Latn | 4,278 |
Dynamo bifurcations in an array of driven convectionlike rolls | The bifurcations in a three-dimensional incompressible, electrically conducting fluid with an external forcing of the Roberts type have been studied numerically. The corresponding flow can serve as a model for the convection in the outer core of the Earth and is realized in an ongoing laboratory experiment aimed at dem... | Abstract A very promising spin physics programme will be soon on the way at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By studying the spin asymmetries for various processes (single photon, single jet and W ± production), we will compare the different predictions obtained using some sets of polarized parton distri... | eng_Latn | 4,279 |
Electron Spin Resonance Study of the Special Features of Plasma-Induced Radicals and Their Corresponding Peroxy Radicals in Polytetrafluoroethylene. | The structure of plasma-induced PTFE radicals was studied. It was shown that the effect of plasma irradiation on radical formation of PTFE was much smaller than on hydrocarbon polymers. When the plasma-irradiated PTFE was exposed to air, peroxy radicals were rapidly formed. They were markedly stable for a long period o... | Abstract Asymmetric vibration of polar orthotropic circular plates of linearly varying thickness subjected to hydrostatic in-plane force are discussed on the basis of classical plate theory. An approximate solution of the problem has been obtained by the Ritz method, which employs functions based upon the static deflec... | eng_Latn | 4,280 |
The tracking force on a relativistic electron beam in an ohmic plasma channel | The linearized tracking force on an electron beam propagating slightly off axis in an Ohmic plasma channel is calculated. Electron inertial effects are included in Ohm’s law. The channel of conductivity (σ), density (ne), and radius (a) is surrounded by a region of ambient plasma with conductivity (σ0), density (ne0), ... | The orthogonal features of the guided wave-modes have been discussed in details for a two-layered plate with a weak interface. The elastic operator is proved to be a self-adjoint operator under the weak interface modeled by the spring model. However, it is proved to be non-self-adjoint operator, and a new orthogonal re... | eng_Latn | 4,281 |
Influence of an electric field on self-diffraction of light waves in titanosillenite | A titanosillenite crystal is used as an example to demonstrate a strong dependence of the characteristics of energy exchange by self-diffraction of light in photorefractive crystals on the initial polarizations of the interacting waves and on the presence of an external electric field. | In support of the TCV experimental campaign aiming at studying H-mode plasmas with snowflake (SF) divertor, free boundary equilibrium and stability studies were performed with the SPIDER and KINX codes. Due to the high flexibility of plasma shaping capabilities of TCV, SF divertor conditions can be reached for various pl... | eng_Latn | 4,282 |
Elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of multidomain 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 single crystals | The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric constants of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 domain engineered single crystal were determined experimentally by using ultrasonic and resonance methods. It was confirmed that the single crystal system has large electromechanical coupling coefficient k33 (∼94%) and piezoelectric... | Abstract A mathematical model of the dissipative plasma layer incorporating viscous forces and field line reconnection effects is described. The behavior of plasma electric field and currents in the magnetospheric tail is analysed using exact model solutions. The electric potential associated with the reconnection magn... | eng_Latn | 4,283 |
An Easily-Constructed Rotating Tungsten Anode | A rotating tungsten anode of diameter 97 mm has been constructed by wrapping a thin tungsten plate around a water-cooled copper body with hoops. The anode was operated continuously at 40 kV and 60 mA at a target revolution of 1800 rpm, without sustaining any damage. The focus size was about 3 mm×0.6 mm. | In this paper, we extend our previous template analysis of a self-exciting Faraday disc dynamo with a linear series motor to the case of a nonlinear series motor. This introduces two additional nonlinear symmetry-breaking terms into the governing dynamo equations. We investigate the consequences for the identification ... | kor_Hang | 4,284 |
Interaction Between a Slow Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Wave and a Tangential Discontinuity | The self-similar problem of the oblique interaction between a slow MHD shock wave and a tangential discontinuity is solved within the framework of the ideal magnetohydrodynamic model. The constraints on the initial parameters necessary for the existence of a regular solution are found. Various feasible wave flow patter... | Abstract An exact, three-dimensional, analytical description of the current distribution in the nozzle of an MHD channel, under imposed open conditions, is obtained. Strong vorticity of the current flow and high current concentration in the small regions toward the one side of the sidewalls and near the exit of the cha... | eng_Latn | 4,285 |
Electromagnetic modulations of electron whistlers in plasmas | This paper presents a formulation of the nonlinear coupling of the electron whistler mode radiation with generalized (including higher frequencies than allowed by the magnetohydrodynamic model) magnetosonic fluctuations. A coupled set of nonlinear equations describing the interaction of the whistler wave electric field... | To attenuate the negative effects brought by heavy unsprung mass of the decentralized driving electric vehicle, a novel e-DVA module featuring of synergy between driving and vibration attenuation is proposed in this paper. It presents the advantages of compact structure and low cost. Structure design proves the feasibi... | eng_Latn | 4,286 |
Modeling of MHD Stability Consistent to the Transport | scales (10 -6 to 10 2 m ), and these are linked with each other. Especially, the tokamak burning plasma has an autonomous property due to the large fusion power against the additional heating power and due to the large bootstrap current against the total current. To predict and control the burning plasma, the simulatio... | According to Mazhai Oil Field's hostile sandstone reservoir factors,we introduce HD surfactant.Laboratory tests indicate that the HD surfactant suit high salt and high temperature oil floor,and can improve effectually oil quality.6 well times of injection well Permeability control jobs were completed,the cumulative inc... | eng_Latn | 4,287 |
TUNNEL IONIZATION AND MAGNETIC FIELD GENERATION | Abstract The possibility of the generation of a megagaus magnetic field in a plasma, creating at atom tunnel ionization in a high-power laser radiation field has been predicted. | In this paper,the soil disturbance induced by the construction process of dry-cement jet mixing columns,the change of the radial stress and the tangential stress,and the analytial solution of the radial displacement are all analysed in this paper,the analytial solution to the boundary between the plastic section and th... | yue_Hant | 4,288 |
Scattering of ordinary‐mode electromagnetic waves by density fluctuations in tokamaks | Discussion and applications are presented for two approaches for estimating the effects of scattering of electromagnetic waves by turbulent density fluctuations in tokamaks. Ordinary‐mode waves propagating nearly perpendicular to the equilibrium magnetic field are considered. The multiple‐scattering approach provides a... | In the context of structural health monitoring (SHM) applications, this article first presents an example of damage detection uncertainty in a typical fiberglass woven thermoplastic plate structure with pre-embedded disbonds of various sizes and locations. A Taguchi experimental design has been implemented to statistic... | eng_Latn | 4,289 |
T cell receptor beta-chain gene rearrangement without gamma-chain gene rearrangement in cutaneous T cell lymphoma: an unusual finding. | T cells from the blood and skin of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma demonstrated rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta-chain gene in the absence of rearrangement of the gamma-chain gene. To our knowledge, this has not been previously reported. This finding was unexpected in light of prevailing concepts of T... | Resistive relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RRMHD) simulations are applied to investigate the system evolution of relativistic magnetic reconnection. A time-split Harten-Lan-van Leer method is employed. Under a localized resistivity, the system exhibits a fast reconnection jet with an Alfvenic Lorentz factor inside a n... | eng_Latn | 4,290 |
Two-dimensional calculation of tokamak stability | A numerical procedure for determining the hydromagnetic stability of axisymmetric systems is described. The growth rates and eigenfunctions are determined by means of a modified initial value method. A number of tokamak configurations have been studied and stability boundaries and growth rates are given. With a conduct... | A new modeling method based on sample data is described in this paper,through physics and sample date analysis on displacement vs.voltage characteristics of x-y plane of cylindrical piezoelectric scanner used in scanning probe microscope(SPM).Through sample data statistical analysis,and considering the error factors su... | eng_Latn | 4,291 |
Stimulated scattering of electromagnetic ordinary waves from electron plasma waves at the upper hybrid frequency | Stimulated scattering of electromagnetic waves of ordinary polarization incident on a magnetized plasma from electrostatic waves propagating normal to an external magnetic field at the upper hybrid frequency is studied. The analysis is based on a multiple‐time‐scale perturbation expansion of the fluid equations, incorp... | Abstract We consider a class of staggered grid schemes for solving the 1D Euler equations in internal energy formulation. The proposed schemes are applicable to arbitrary equations of state and high-order accurate in both space and time on smooth flows. Adding a discretization of the kinetic energy equation, a high-ord... | eng_Latn | 4,292 |
Effect of neutral injection on impurity diffusion in a collisional tokamak | Changes in the diffusion fluxes in a plasma due to continuous neutral particle injection are calculated for the PFirsch-Schlueter case. | Application of the AVL Video System to investigate the combustion process in the cylinder of CC490ZQ turbo charged diesel engine in real working conditions of low and medium speeds with different loads is introduced, and the HC, CO, and NO_x emissions are measured and analyzed by the authors at the same time. It is fou... | eng_Latn | 4,293 |
Geometrical aspects of jet quenching in JEWEL | In this publication the performance of the Monte Carlo event generator JEWEL in non-central heavy-ion collisions is investigated. JEWEL is a consistent perturbative framework for jet evolution in the presence of a dense medium. It yields a satisfactory description of a variety of jet observables in central collisions a... | Abstract Reducing the specimen-probe spacing to increase the sensitivity of measurement of weak remanence in geological samples, etc. introduces potential inaccuracies. These are analysed by comparing the field distributions derived for transversely magnetized cylinders with those for dipoles and for nulling coils. An ... | eng_Latn | 4,294 |
Relaying of High Voltage Interconnection Transmission Lines | This paper presents an operating engineer's point of view of the practical and theoretical problems presented in applying relays for the protection of high voltage open wire interconnection transmission lines. It points out that the relaying of such lines involves problems which are not ordinarily present in the relayi... | Two dimensional hybrid simulations with particle ions and fluid electrons are used to calculate the kinetic evolution of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at a boundary similar to the ionopause at the planet Venus. The magnetic field has been chosen to be essentially transverse to the plasma flow velocity, which is the ... | eng_Latn | 4,295 |
On the Triggering of M-Class Solar Flare due to Loop-loop Interaction in AR NOAA 10875 | We present multiwavelength analysis of an M7.9 /1N solar flare which occurred on 27 April 2006 in AR NOAA 10875. The flare was triggered due to the interaction of two loop systems. GOES soft X-ray and TRACE 195 {\AA} image sequences show the observational evidences of 3-D X-type loop-loop interaction with converging mo... | We have studied the variation of the ODMR effect according to the intensity of a microwave field. We have highlighted a saturation effect of ODMR lines. This effect has been studied as part of the kinetic theory by developing the pilot equation while utilizing for the first time the formalism of a superoperator coupled... | kor_Hang | 4,296 |
Ion-acoustic wave induced convective cells | It is shown that a finite-amplitude ion-acoustic wave in a uniform magneto- plasma can enhance two-dimensional plasma vortices. The latter results from a modulational instability. The growth rates are obtained analytically. | After making some critical comments about the traditional method of extracting the gluon condensate from lattice QCD data, I present an alternative analysis. The result is more than a factor of five larger than the phenomenological value. Two closely related subjects, the effects of the infrared renormalons on the extr... | eng_Latn | 4,297 |
Free-electron lasers driven by laser plasma accelerators | Laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) have the potential to drive compact free-electron lasers (FELs). Even with LPA energy spreads typically at the percent level, the e-beam brightness can be excellent, due to the low normalized emittance (<0.5 µm) and high peak current (multi-kA) resulting from the ultra-short e-beam dura... | We report on the first direct numerical simulation of drift-Alfven wave turbulence in three-dimensional magnetic field geometries. It is found that the local metric has significant influence on instability and transport and that local shear contributes as the principal damping mechanism in low-global-shear field config... | eng_Latn | 4,298 |
Plasma diffusion in a toroidal stellarator | Particle trajectories in a gently toroidal stellarator are investigated. The distribution function for the particles is determined in the absence of collisions. | Using a pump-probe Michelson experiment, we test the theory of thermo-optic (TO) effects in dielectric mirror coatings. We observe partial cancellation between coating expansion and TO effects. We also measure relevant thin film material parameters. | eng_Latn | 4,299 |
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