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wuwfew | [MCU] Spoilers: She-Hulk. Why did Bruce Banner need to stay in human form? After Endgame, Hulk's arm was injured due to using the gauntlet. In his appearance on Shang-chi, Banner is in human form, with the arm still seemingly injured. In the first episode of She-Hulk, he reveals that he has an inhibitor device on his arm keeping him in human form, and that he cannot turn back into Hulk form until after a breakthrough from analysing She-Hulk's blood. Why does he need to stay in human form/what is preventing him from turning back into Hulk. His arm seems to be out of commission in both forms, but I would expect Hulk form to have greater strength and regenerative capability to handle it. | We hear the tail end of Bruce's explanation. The first thing we hear is pretty much the last thing Bruce says in that context "...my arm started to heal... and it's all because of this device which keeps me in human form" So, prior to any of this, well before Endgame. Let's say Bruce gets injured... call it a 'minor' wound. He accidentally cuts the tip of his finger off while cooking, with a very sharp knife so that he doesnt really feel it immediately, and so he doesnt Hulk out when it happens. However, once he DOES notice the blood and the cut, he DOES Hulk out (to whatever degree you want) -- then his finger heals because of this and when he reverts back to Bruce, his finger is no longer injured. So let's remember how he hurt his arm. He hurt it as Smart Hulk in Endgame, snapping with the Iron Gauntlet... in Hulk's body and physiology, Bruce's consciousness. Let's suppose the infinity stones caused "irreparable" damage to Hulk's arm. Theoretically, using the example above, if he heals in one state (be it Bruce or Hulk) the other state heals as well. I figure that Bruce is testing this theory by creating the inhibitor and allowing his broken arm to heal in human form. As I mentioned, he says "...my arm started to heal... ...because of this device that keeps me in human form". That said, theoretically, when he finishes healing and then reverts back to Hulk, Hulk's arm should be healed as well. -- but as the show starts, he hasnt reached that part of his 'experiment' yet as his arm is still in a sling when they're in the car. He's still in the healing process, at the rate of any normal human would heal. So the inhibitor needs to be on so he can continue to heal, especially at that slow pace. Otherwise, transforming to Hulk (either voluntarily or involuntarily) might undo that healing. | We only get part of the conversation in She-Hulk. He was talking about his arm healing, but then he gets interrupted. The problem is, we're seeing it through Jenn Walters' perspective, and she's not really listening to Bruce. He told her all the important info you're after, and it went in one ear and out the other. She's busy pitching her theory about Captain America's virginity. My interpretation (I watched it last night, but have only seen it once) was that while the Hulk arm had healed, Banner's hadn't. He was staying in Banner form to try to get it to heal naturally, but it was taking a long time. We just get snippets though, because Jenn isn't listening to what he's saying. | answer_1 |
wuwfew | [MCU] Spoilers: She-Hulk. Why did Bruce Banner need to stay in human form? After Endgame, Hulk's arm was injured due to using the gauntlet. In his appearance on Shang-chi, Banner is in human form, with the arm still seemingly injured. In the first episode of She-Hulk, he reveals that he has an inhibitor device on his arm keeping him in human form, and that he cannot turn back into Hulk form until after a breakthrough from analysing She-Hulk's blood. Why does he need to stay in human form/what is preventing him from turning back into Hulk. His arm seems to be out of commission in both forms, but I would expect Hulk form to have greater strength and regenerative capability to handle it. | In order for a bone to heal it has to be set properly. It's possible that Hulk's skin and muscles are simply too strong and tough to get the bone to stay in the proper place long enough to heal. | We only get part of the conversation in She-Hulk. He was talking about his arm healing, but then he gets interrupted. The problem is, we're seeing it through Jenn Walters' perspective, and she's not really listening to Bruce. He told her all the important info you're after, and it went in one ear and out the other. She's busy pitching her theory about Captain America's virginity. My interpretation (I watched it last night, but have only seen it once) was that while the Hulk arm had healed, Banner's hadn't. He was staying in Banner form to try to get it to heal naturally, but it was taking a long time. We just get snippets though, because Jenn isn't listening to what he's saying. | answer_1 |
wuwfew | [MCU] Spoilers: She-Hulk. Why did Bruce Banner need to stay in human form? After Endgame, Hulk's arm was injured due to using the gauntlet. In his appearance on Shang-chi, Banner is in human form, with the arm still seemingly injured. In the first episode of She-Hulk, he reveals that he has an inhibitor device on his arm keeping him in human form, and that he cannot turn back into Hulk form until after a breakthrough from analysing She-Hulk's blood. Why does he need to stay in human form/what is preventing him from turning back into Hulk. His arm seems to be out of commission in both forms, but I would expect Hulk form to have greater strength and regenerative capability to handle it. | The damage was caused by *too much gamma*. For comics Hulk this is impossible - no amount of Gamma Radiation can ever harm him - but clearly MCU Hulk is a bit different; or the gamma given off by MCU Infinity Stones is different [more similar to comic Cosmic Rays which are effectively anti-gamma]. Whatever the case, the device was pulling gamma out of his blood - both keeping him out of hulk form and importantly cleansing the arm of the destructive radiation that harmed it in the first place. So he needed to be in Banner form because Hulk form heals through gamma, and that healing was never going to be able to fix an overdose of gamma. | Absolute spitball: I think part of their “working it out” was an arrangement similar to Earth’s Mightiest Heroes; Hulk gets Banner’s smarts and skills and gets to be in the front seat, provided that Banner himself gets a bit of time where he can be himself. Hence the inhibitor. | answer_1 |
wuwfew | [MCU] Spoilers: She-Hulk. Why did Bruce Banner need to stay in human form? After Endgame, Hulk's arm was injured due to using the gauntlet. In his appearance on Shang-chi, Banner is in human form, with the arm still seemingly injured. In the first episode of She-Hulk, he reveals that he has an inhibitor device on his arm keeping him in human form, and that he cannot turn back into Hulk form until after a breakthrough from analysing She-Hulk's blood. Why does he need to stay in human form/what is preventing him from turning back into Hulk. His arm seems to be out of commission in both forms, but I would expect Hulk form to have greater strength and regenerative capability to handle it. | To fit in the car? | We only get part of the conversation in She-Hulk. He was talking about his arm healing, but then he gets interrupted. The problem is, we're seeing it through Jenn Walters' perspective, and she's not really listening to Bruce. He told her all the important info you're after, and it went in one ear and out the other. She's busy pitching her theory about Captain America's virginity. My interpretation (I watched it last night, but have only seen it once) was that while the Hulk arm had healed, Banner's hadn't. He was staying in Banner form to try to get it to heal naturally, but it was taking a long time. We just get snippets though, because Jenn isn't listening to what he's saying. | answer_1 |
wuwfew | [MCU] Spoilers: She-Hulk. Why did Bruce Banner need to stay in human form? After Endgame, Hulk's arm was injured due to using the gauntlet. In his appearance on Shang-chi, Banner is in human form, with the arm still seemingly injured. In the first episode of She-Hulk, he reveals that he has an inhibitor device on his arm keeping him in human form, and that he cannot turn back into Hulk form until after a breakthrough from analysing She-Hulk's blood. Why does he need to stay in human form/what is preventing him from turning back into Hulk. His arm seems to be out of commission in both forms, but I would expect Hulk form to have greater strength and regenerative capability to handle it. | Absolute spitball: I think part of their “working it out” was an arrangement similar to Earth’s Mightiest Heroes; Hulk gets Banner’s smarts and skills and gets to be in the front seat, provided that Banner himself gets a bit of time where he can be himself. Hence the inhibitor. | Maybe because the damage was done to him in Hulk form, it was easier to heal as Bruce Banner? | answer_2 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | It is 2019, and here is what is working - despite advice here and there, what I found on the internet halfway documented is using <code>setuptools_scm</code>, passed as options to <code>setuptools.setup</code>. This will include any data files that are versioned on your VCS, be it git or any other, to the wheel package, and will make "pip install" from the git repository to bring those files along. So, I just added these two lines to the setup call on "setup.py". No extra installs or import required: <code> setup_requires=['setuptools_scm'], include_package_data=True, </code> No need to manually list package_data, or in a MANIFEST.in file - if it is versioned, it is included in the package. The docs on "setuptools_scm" put emphasis on creating a version number from the commit position, and disregard the really important part of adding the data files. (I can't care less if my intermediate wheel file is named "*0.2.2.dev45+g3495a1f" or will use the hardcoded version number "0.3.0dev0" I've typed in - but leaving crucial files for the program to work behind is somewhat important) | Here is a simpler answer that worked for me. First, per a Python Dev's comment above, setuptools is not required: <code>package_data is also available to pure distutils setup scripts since 2.3. ric Araujo </code> That's great because putting a setuptools requirement on your package means you will have to install it also. In short: <code>from distutils.core import setup setup( # ...snip... packages = ['pkgname'], package_data = {'pkgname': ['license.txt']}, ) </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | This works in 2020! As others said create "MANIFEST.in" where your setup.py is located. Next in manifest include/exclude all the necessary things. Be careful here regarding the syntax. Ex: lets say we have template folder to be included in the source package. in manifest file do this : <code>recursive-include template * </code> Make sure you leave space between dir-name and pattern for files/dirs like above. Dont do like this like we do in .gitignore <code>recursive-include template/* [this won't work] </code> Other option is to use include. There are bunch of options. Look up here at their docs for Manifest.in And the final important step, include this param in your setup.py and you are good to go! <code> setup( ... include_package_data=True, ...... ) </code> Hope that helps! Happy Coding! | Here is a simpler answer that worked for me. First, per a Python Dev's comment above, setuptools is not required: <code>package_data is also available to pure distutils setup scripts since 2.3. ric Araujo </code> That's great because putting a setuptools requirement on your package means you will have to install it also. In short: <code>from distutils.core import setup setup( # ...snip... packages = ['pkgname'], package_data = {'pkgname': ['license.txt']}, ) </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | I wanted to post a comment to one of the questions but I don't enough reputation to do that >.> Here's what worked for me (came up with it after referring the docs): <code>package_data={ 'mypkg': ['../*.txt'] }, include_package_data: False </code> The last line was, strangely enough, also crucial for me (you can also omit this keyword argument - it works the same). What this does is it copies all text files in your top-level or root directory (one level up from the package <code>mypkg</code> you want to distribute). | Here is a simpler answer that worked for me. First, per a Python Dev's comment above, setuptools is not required: <code>package_data is also available to pure distutils setup scripts since 2.3. ric Araujo </code> That's great because putting a setuptools requirement on your package means you will have to install it also. In short: <code>from distutils.core import setup setup( # ...snip... packages = ['pkgname'], package_data = {'pkgname': ['license.txt']}, ) </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | It is 2019, and here is what is working - despite advice here and there, what I found on the internet halfway documented is using <code>setuptools_scm</code>, passed as options to <code>setuptools.setup</code>. This will include any data files that are versioned on your VCS, be it git or any other, to the wheel package, and will make "pip install" from the git repository to bring those files along. So, I just added these two lines to the setup call on "setup.py". No extra installs or import required: <code> setup_requires=['setuptools_scm'], include_package_data=True, </code> No need to manually list package_data, or in a MANIFEST.in file - if it is versioned, it is included in the package. The docs on "setuptools_scm" put emphasis on creating a version number from the commit position, and disregard the really important part of adding the data files. (I can't care less if my intermediate wheel file is named "*0.2.2.dev45+g3495a1f" or will use the hardcoded version number "0.3.0dev0" I've typed in - but leaving crucial files for the program to work behind is somewhat important) | I wanted to post a comment to one of the questions but I don't enough reputation to do that >.> Here's what worked for me (came up with it after referring the docs): <code>package_data={ 'mypkg': ['../*.txt'] }, include_package_data: False </code> The last line was, strangely enough, also crucial for me (you can also omit this keyword argument - it works the same). What this does is it copies all text files in your top-level or root directory (one level up from the package <code>mypkg</code> you want to distribute). | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | This works in 2020! As others said create "MANIFEST.in" where your setup.py is located. Next in manifest include/exclude all the necessary things. Be careful here regarding the syntax. Ex: lets say we have template folder to be included in the source package. in manifest file do this : <code>recursive-include template * </code> Make sure you leave space between dir-name and pattern for files/dirs like above. Dont do like this like we do in .gitignore <code>recursive-include template/* [this won't work] </code> Other option is to use include. There are bunch of options. Look up here at their docs for Manifest.in And the final important step, include this param in your setup.py and you are good to go! <code> setup( ... include_package_data=True, ...... ) </code> Hope that helps! Happy Coding! | I just wanted to follow up on something I found working with Python 2.7 on Centos 6. Adding the package_data or data_files as mentioned above did not work for me. I added a MANIFEST.IN with the files I wanted which put the non-python files into the tarball, but did not install them on the target machine via RPM. In the end, I was able to get the files into my solution using the "options" in the setup/setuptools. The option files let you modify various sections of the spec file from setup.py. As follows. <code>from setuptools import setup setup( name='theProjectName', version='1', packages=['thePackage'], url='', license='', author='me', author_email='me@email.com', description='', options={'bdist_rpm': {'install_script': 'filewithinstallcommands'}}, ) </code> file - MANIFEST.in: <code>include license.txt </code> file - filewithinstallcommands: <code>mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/ #this line installs your python files python setup.py install -O1 --root=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT --record=INSTALLED_FILES #install license.txt into /pathtoinstall folder install -m 700 license.txt $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/ echo /pathtoinstall/license.txt >> INSTALLED_FILES </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | This works in 2020! As others said create "MANIFEST.in" where your setup.py is located. Next in manifest include/exclude all the necessary things. Be careful here regarding the syntax. Ex: lets say we have template folder to be included in the source package. in manifest file do this : <code>recursive-include template * </code> Make sure you leave space between dir-name and pattern for files/dirs like above. Dont do like this like we do in .gitignore <code>recursive-include template/* [this won't work] </code> Other option is to use include. There are bunch of options. Look up here at their docs for Manifest.in And the final important step, include this param in your setup.py and you are good to go! <code> setup( ... include_package_data=True, ...... ) </code> Hope that helps! Happy Coding! | In setup.py under setup( : <code>setup( name = 'foo library' ... package_data={ 'foolibrary.folderA': ['*'], # All files from folder A 'foolibrary.folderB': ['*.txt'] #All text files from folder B }, </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | I wanted to post a comment to one of the questions but I don't enough reputation to do that >.> Here's what worked for me (came up with it after referring the docs): <code>package_data={ 'mypkg': ['../*.txt'] }, include_package_data: False </code> The last line was, strangely enough, also crucial for me (you can also omit this keyword argument - it works the same). What this does is it copies all text files in your top-level or root directory (one level up from the package <code>mypkg</code> you want to distribute). | I just wanted to follow up on something I found working with Python 2.7 on Centos 6. Adding the package_data or data_files as mentioned above did not work for me. I added a MANIFEST.IN with the files I wanted which put the non-python files into the tarball, but did not install them on the target machine via RPM. In the end, I was able to get the files into my solution using the "options" in the setup/setuptools. The option files let you modify various sections of the spec file from setup.py. As follows. <code>from setuptools import setup setup( name='theProjectName', version='1', packages=['thePackage'], url='', license='', author='me', author_email='me@email.com', description='', options={'bdist_rpm': {'install_script': 'filewithinstallcommands'}}, ) </code> file - MANIFEST.in: <code>include license.txt </code> file - filewithinstallcommands: <code>mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/ #this line installs your python files python setup.py install -O1 --root=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT --record=INSTALLED_FILES #install license.txt into /pathtoinstall folder install -m 700 license.txt $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/ echo /pathtoinstall/license.txt >> INSTALLED_FILES </code> | answer_1 |
1612733 | Including non-Python files with setup.py <sep> How do I make <code>setup.py</code> include a file that isn't part of the code? (Specifically, it's a license file, but it could be any other thing.) I want to be able to control the location of the file. In the original source folder, the file is in the root of the package. (i.e. on the same level as the topmost <code>__init__.py</code>.) I want it to stay exactly there when the package is installed, regardless of operating system. How do I do that? | Step 1: create a <code>MANIFEST.in</code> file in the same folder with setup.py Step 2: include the relative path to the files you want to add in <code>MANIFEST.in</code> <code>include README.rst include docs/*.txt include funniest/data.json </code> Step 3: set <code>include_package_data=True</code> in the <code>setup()</code> function to copy these files to site-package Reference is here. | In setup.py under setup( : <code>setup( name = 'foo library' ... package_data={ 'foolibrary.folderA': ['*'], # All files from folder A 'foolibrary.folderB': ['*.txt'] #All text files from folder B }, </code> | answer_1 |
17383169 | Haskell: Double every 2nd element in list <sep> I just started using Haskell and wanted to write a function that, given a list, returns a list in which every 2nd element has been doubled. So far I've come up with this: <code>double_2nd :: [Int] -> [Int] double_2nd [] = [] double_2nd (x:xs) = x : (2 * head xs) : double_2nd (tail xs) </code> Which works but I was wondering how you guys would write that function. Is there a more common/better way or does this look about right? | That's not bad, modulo the fixes suggested. Once you get more familiar with the base library you'll likely avoid explicit recursion in favor of some higher level functions, for example, you could create a list of functions where every other one is <code>*2</code> and apply (zip) that list of functions to your list of numbers: <code>double = zipWith ($) (cycle [id,(*2)]) </code> | Try it on an odd-length list: <code>Prelude> double_2nd [1] [1,*** Exception: Prelude.head: empty list </code> And you can see the problem with your code. The 'head' and 'tail' are never a good idea. | answer_1 |
17383169 | Haskell: Double every 2nd element in list <sep> I just started using Haskell and wanted to write a function that, given a list, returns a list in which every 2nd element has been doubled. So far I've come up with this: <code>double_2nd :: [Int] -> [Int] double_2nd [] = [] double_2nd (x:xs) = x : (2 * head xs) : double_2nd (tail xs) </code> Which works but I was wondering how you guys would write that function. Is there a more common/better way or does this look about right? | Try it on an odd-length list: <code>Prelude> double_2nd [1] [1,*** Exception: Prelude.head: empty list </code> And you can see the problem with your code. The 'head' and 'tail' are never a good idea. | A little bit of necromancy, but I think that this method worked out very well for me and want to share: <code>double2nd n = zipWith (*) n (cycle [1,2]) </code> zipWith takes a function and then applies that function across matching items in two lists (first item to first item, second item to second item, etc). The function is multiplication, and the zipped list is an endless cycle of 1s and 2s. zipWith (and all the zip variants) stops at the end of the shorter list. | answer_2 |
31414 | How can I pass a command line argument into a shell script? <sep> I know that shell scripts just run commands as if they were executed in at the command prompt. I'd like to be able to run shell scripts as if they were functions... That is, taking an input value or string into the script. How do I approach doing this? | <code>$/shellscriptname.sh argument1 argument2 argument3 </code> You can also pass output of one shell script as an argument to another shell script. <code>$/shellscriptname.sh "$(secondshellscriptname.sh)" </code> Within shell script you can access arguments with numbers like <code>$1</code> for first argument and <code>$2</code> for second argument and so on so forth. More on shell arguments | <code>./myscript myargument </code> <code>myargument</code> becomes <code>$1</code> inside <code>myscript</code>. | answer_1 |
31414 | How can I pass a command line argument into a shell script? <sep> I know that shell scripts just run commands as if they were executed in at the command prompt. I'd like to be able to run shell scripts as if they were functions... That is, taking an input value or string into the script. How do I approach doing this? | On a bash script, I personally like to use the following script to set parameters: <code>#!/bin/bash helpFunction() { echo "" echo "Usage: $0 -a parameterA -b parameterB -c parameterC" echo -e "\t-a Description of what is parameterA" echo -e "\t-b Description of what is parameterB" echo -e "\t-c Description of what is parameterC" exit 1 # Exit script after printing help } while getopts "a:b:c:" opt do case "$opt" in a ) parameterA="$OPTARG" ;; b ) parameterB="$OPTARG" ;; c ) parameterC="$OPTARG" ;; ? ) helpFunction ;; # Print helpFunction in case parameter is non-existent esac done # Print helpFunction in case parameters are empty if [ -z "$parameterA" ] || [ -z "$parameterB" ] || [ -z "$parameterC" ] then echo "Some or all of the parameters are empty"; helpFunction fi # Begin script in case all parameters are correct echo "$parameterA" echo "$parameterB" echo "$parameterC" </code> With this structure, we don't rely on the order of the parameters, as we're defining a key letter to each one of them. Also, the help function will be printed all the times that the parameters are defined wrongly. It's very useful when we have a lot of scripts with different parameters to handle. It works as the following: <code>$ bash myscript -a "String A" -b "String B" -c "String C" String A String B String C $ bash myscript -a "String A" -c "String C" -b "String B" String A String B String C $ bash myscript -a "String A" -c "String C" -f "Non-existent parameter" myscript: illegal option -- f Usage: myscript -a parameterA -b parameterB -c parameterC -a Description of what is parameterA -b Description of what is parameterB -c Description of what is parameterC $ bash myscript -a "String A" -c "String C" Some or all of the parameters are empty Usage: myscript -a parameterA -b parameterB -c parameterC -a Description of what is parameterA -b Description of what is parameterB -c Description of what is parameterC </code> | <code>./myscript myargument </code> <code>myargument</code> becomes <code>$1</code> inside <code>myscript</code>. | answer_1 |
v27m0f | How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? Trying this again, lol How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? So I like my plot, my characters, and I love writing and the little bit of worldbuilding I get to do with the setting I have picked out. I’m more of a pantser than a planner, because if I make a whole outline I’m just going to second-guess my story and never finish it, and pantsing it makes me at least work on it, but I have one fatal flaw. At some point, whether it’s 2 pages in or halfway through, I always give up. My excuses in the past have been as follows: My plot feels juvenile, too simple, or too predictable; My characters feel too predictable, simple, or childish; I feel like the plot is too whimsical/esoteric/generally weird and my book won’t be successful/no one will want to read it; Or, I generally second-guess myself into abandoning the story. I’m embarrassed because the only things I’ve ever finished writing were fanfictions, and now that I’m ‘a real adult’ I feel like I should be writing ‘real adult things’ and not fanfic. I made it halfway through a manuscript four or five years ago now, but second-guessed my plot and characters until I forfeited. It isn’t writer’s block necessarily. Just continual negative self-talk until I break myself down and quit working on it. Does anyone have any advice, other than the standard “just push through it?” Has anyone else struggled with this? I guess it’s like author imposter syndrome, in a way? | >I'm more of a pantser than a planner, because if I make a whole outline I'm just going to second-guess my story and never finish it. Isn't that what you're doing anyway? So pantsing or planning, you're still encountering the same issue: self-doubt and self-deprecation, and the same result: you quit working on the project. I'm a planner, so I'm biased, but: if you find you're dropping all your projects while pantsing because they feel half-baked or too simplistic, a good way to correct that is to go in with a game plan you've worked on to make it more elaborate or innovative. And it doesn't sound like you've given yourself much of a chance for actually trying an outline; you seem to be just assuming it won't work for you. The rough/first draft of anything feels kinda bad. It doesn't match up to how shiny and dimensional the idea is in your head. But you won't be able to bring it closer to how it is in your head if you never get around to finishing and revising it. So what if it feels flat or clunky or weird? It's a rough draft, and it's for your eyes only, and you can polish it later. Not a single one of your favourite books is the first version of itself. You have to trust your idea, and be willing to recognize that you'll be a better writer at the end of your story than you were at the start, and be okay with cringing a little along the way. You can correct everything later on. All this to say: I keep myself from giving up by keeping in mind that I can always come back later and make it better, so it reads how I want it to read. >now that I'm 'a real adult' I feel like I should be writing 'real adult things' and not fanfic. You know most fanfics are written by adults, right? People don't just drop their fandoms or hobbies once they leave high school or university. Don't let vague, nebulous, self-imposed societal expectations dictate how you spend your free time. If you like writing fanfic, write fanfic. If you don't like writing original content, why try to keep throwing yourself against the wall to try to do it? If you've got plans to publish, yes, you need to find a way to make your original stories work. But if you just want to write because you enjoy writing--why not just write what makes you happy and comes easily to you? You never need to put yourself in a box. That's not what being a creative is about. Even if you go back to solely writing fanfiction for now, that doesn't mean you can't explore original content writing again later, when you have a project idea you're really excited about. But you can't really approach original fiction the same way you approach fanfiction. That's like building a house from the foundation up vs moving some furniture around. If you're going into your original content the same way you went into writing fanfic, no wonder you're feeling overwhelmed. You go into fanfic with a lot of concrete knowledge about the world, characters, etc already in mind. Original fiction becomes more concrete only once it leaves your head and you start writing, so there are some transitional pains. I'd really suggest at least trying an outline and sticking to it, at least once, at least so you *know* it's not for you. At a minimum, building an outline will at least let you go into your story with a game plan that can help prevent you from stalling out. | My advice because I'm struggling with it a lot is to just not worry about exactly how much progress you make. I get myself down because I do a lot of dialogue and I've got this impossible standard that I set for 5 pages a day if possible. I call my outline my side work because calling it an outline makes me not want to do it. I develop my side work when I don't feel like writing all that much and because it's just bite size I don't realize I'm writing. And then I'll get this idea for something completely unrelated or seemingly unimportant and I'll have the creative energy back. For example in this story that was supposed to be 200 pages and is now well over 300, I have a scene where two of my main characters are playing a card game. It's completely irrelevant what game they play, but I actually wrote out the rules for a game because I found a spark while doing my side work. Try writing out an outline when you just don't feel like writing. Make it into a checklist so that when you hit something you can check it off and move onto the next bullet point. Write out an index for things that probably need an explanation. Give those things explanation in the story, but write out a lot more detail for your index entries. Every alien animal I think up gets a small description in the story and then it gets a much more lengthy entry in the index. As for your negative self talk, you stop that \*write\* now. Your writing is for you, don't worry about what anyone else thinks. I struggle with that because I'm trying to write a pair of young teenagers and I'm a "real adult" that still wants chocolate milk and pb&j for lunch and gets shitty when he cooks and doesn't make mac and cheese practically every other night. Write what you want to write not what you think everyone thinks you should write. | answer_1 |
v27m0f | How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? Trying this again, lol How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? So I like my plot, my characters, and I love writing and the little bit of worldbuilding I get to do with the setting I have picked out. I’m more of a pantser than a planner, because if I make a whole outline I’m just going to second-guess my story and never finish it, and pantsing it makes me at least work on it, but I have one fatal flaw. At some point, whether it’s 2 pages in or halfway through, I always give up. My excuses in the past have been as follows: My plot feels juvenile, too simple, or too predictable; My characters feel too predictable, simple, or childish; I feel like the plot is too whimsical/esoteric/generally weird and my book won’t be successful/no one will want to read it; Or, I generally second-guess myself into abandoning the story. I’m embarrassed because the only things I’ve ever finished writing were fanfictions, and now that I’m ‘a real adult’ I feel like I should be writing ‘real adult things’ and not fanfic. I made it halfway through a manuscript four or five years ago now, but second-guessed my plot and characters until I forfeited. It isn’t writer’s block necessarily. Just continual negative self-talk until I break myself down and quit working on it. Does anyone have any advice, other than the standard “just push through it?” Has anyone else struggled with this? I guess it’s like author imposter syndrome, in a way? | >I'm more of a pantser than a planner, because if I make a whole outline I'm just going to second-guess my story and never finish it. Isn't that what you're doing anyway? So pantsing or planning, you're still encountering the same issue: self-doubt and self-deprecation, and the same result: you quit working on the project. I'm a planner, so I'm biased, but: if you find you're dropping all your projects while pantsing because they feel half-baked or too simplistic, a good way to correct that is to go in with a game plan you've worked on to make it more elaborate or innovative. And it doesn't sound like you've given yourself much of a chance for actually trying an outline; you seem to be just assuming it won't work for you. The rough/first draft of anything feels kinda bad. It doesn't match up to how shiny and dimensional the idea is in your head. But you won't be able to bring it closer to how it is in your head if you never get around to finishing and revising it. So what if it feels flat or clunky or weird? It's a rough draft, and it's for your eyes only, and you can polish it later. Not a single one of your favourite books is the first version of itself. You have to trust your idea, and be willing to recognize that you'll be a better writer at the end of your story than you were at the start, and be okay with cringing a little along the way. You can correct everything later on. All this to say: I keep myself from giving up by keeping in mind that I can always come back later and make it better, so it reads how I want it to read. >now that I'm 'a real adult' I feel like I should be writing 'real adult things' and not fanfic. You know most fanfics are written by adults, right? People don't just drop their fandoms or hobbies once they leave high school or university. Don't let vague, nebulous, self-imposed societal expectations dictate how you spend your free time. If you like writing fanfic, write fanfic. If you don't like writing original content, why try to keep throwing yourself against the wall to try to do it? If you've got plans to publish, yes, you need to find a way to make your original stories work. But if you just want to write because you enjoy writing--why not just write what makes you happy and comes easily to you? You never need to put yourself in a box. That's not what being a creative is about. Even if you go back to solely writing fanfiction for now, that doesn't mean you can't explore original content writing again later, when you have a project idea you're really excited about. But you can't really approach original fiction the same way you approach fanfiction. That's like building a house from the foundation up vs moving some furniture around. If you're going into your original content the same way you went into writing fanfic, no wonder you're feeling overwhelmed. You go into fanfic with a lot of concrete knowledge about the world, characters, etc already in mind. Original fiction becomes more concrete only once it leaves your head and you start writing, so there are some transitional pains. I'd really suggest at least trying an outline and sticking to it, at least once, at least so you *know* it's not for you. At a minimum, building an outline will at least let you go into your story with a game plan that can help prevent you from stalling out. | Read "The Artist's Way" by Julia Cameron. It's a classic for a reason, and it really works if you let it! 🌿 | answer_1 |
v27m0f | How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? Trying this again, lol How do you keep yourself from giving up on your work? So I like my plot, my characters, and I love writing and the little bit of worldbuilding I get to do with the setting I have picked out. I’m more of a pantser than a planner, because if I make a whole outline I’m just going to second-guess my story and never finish it, and pantsing it makes me at least work on it, but I have one fatal flaw. At some point, whether it’s 2 pages in or halfway through, I always give up. My excuses in the past have been as follows: My plot feels juvenile, too simple, or too predictable; My characters feel too predictable, simple, or childish; I feel like the plot is too whimsical/esoteric/generally weird and my book won’t be successful/no one will want to read it; Or, I generally second-guess myself into abandoning the story. I’m embarrassed because the only things I’ve ever finished writing were fanfictions, and now that I’m ‘a real adult’ I feel like I should be writing ‘real adult things’ and not fanfic. I made it halfway through a manuscript four or five years ago now, but second-guessed my plot and characters until I forfeited. It isn’t writer’s block necessarily. Just continual negative self-talk until I break myself down and quit working on it. Does anyone have any advice, other than the standard “just push through it?” Has anyone else struggled with this? I guess it’s like author imposter syndrome, in a way? | My advice because I'm struggling with it a lot is to just not worry about exactly how much progress you make. I get myself down because I do a lot of dialogue and I've got this impossible standard that I set for 5 pages a day if possible. I call my outline my side work because calling it an outline makes me not want to do it. I develop my side work when I don't feel like writing all that much and because it's just bite size I don't realize I'm writing. And then I'll get this idea for something completely unrelated or seemingly unimportant and I'll have the creative energy back. For example in this story that was supposed to be 200 pages and is now well over 300, I have a scene where two of my main characters are playing a card game. It's completely irrelevant what game they play, but I actually wrote out the rules for a game because I found a spark while doing my side work. Try writing out an outline when you just don't feel like writing. Make it into a checklist so that when you hit something you can check it off and move onto the next bullet point. Write out an index for things that probably need an explanation. Give those things explanation in the story, but write out a lot more detail for your index entries. Every alien animal I think up gets a small description in the story and then it gets a much more lengthy entry in the index. As for your negative self talk, you stop that \*write\* now. Your writing is for you, don't worry about what anyone else thinks. I struggle with that because I'm trying to write a pair of young teenagers and I'm a "real adult" that still wants chocolate milk and pb&j for lunch and gets shitty when he cooks and doesn't make mac and cheese practically every other night. Write what you want to write not what you think everyone thinks you should write. | Read "The Artist's Way" by Julia Cameron. It's a classic for a reason, and it really works if you let it! 🌿 | answer_1 |
or1t05 | If our ears locate the direction which a sound comes from by the time lag between our two ears, how does it determine if it's in front or behind of us? | The shape of the ears also changes the pitch of the sound and what the sound generally sounds like, your brain automatically adjusts to the change in the sound so you can kind of know where the sound is coming from | A few good responses already and it's a combination of all of them really. Movement of the head if the sound of continuous. Earlobes are also pretty key in this - studies have been done placing artificial earlobes on ones head at first causes confusion pinpointing the direction of sound. After about a day the brain readjusts. Your brain reads the cues of volume and pitch differences caused by your earlobes. And also mentioned in another comment vibrations felt by your skull and even other parts of your body help your brain determine direction of sound source so well it just feels like you're hearing the direction. | answer_1 |
lpvhq1 | Were books from around 1800 as hard to read for the people back then as they are for us nowadays? (And vice versa?) I'm (trying) to read Kant right now (I'm German by the way) and I find it rather difficult to understand. It is not that he is using old words that do not exist anymore but rather that the sentences are incredibly long and twisted and sometimes I have already forgotten the beginning of the sentence when I reach the end. Now, language changes with time and the "modern German" was already there in 1800, still it is hard for us nowadays to understand. Could the people back then understand it better? And is that because they used a more complex language back then and we are just "too stupid" to understand? Or was reading Kant just as difficult for the people in 1800 as it is for us? And how about the other way around? If Kant was reading a modern philosophy book, could he understand it easily? Has the language gotten less complex over time or just different? I hope my question is understandable (I did my best). | Is it possible that rather than language as a whole having been more complicated in the past, it was more of a popular stylistic choice to write in long, complicated sentences (even though the spoken language didn't use such complicated structures)? And the difference is that in current times, such a style has merely become less fashionable? | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
lpvhq1 | Were books from around 1800 as hard to read for the people back then as they are for us nowadays? (And vice versa?) I'm (trying) to read Kant right now (I'm German by the way) and I find it rather difficult to understand. It is not that he is using old words that do not exist anymore but rather that the sentences are incredibly long and twisted and sometimes I have already forgotten the beginning of the sentence when I reach the end. Now, language changes with time and the "modern German" was already there in 1800, still it is hard for us nowadays to understand. Could the people back then understand it better? And is that because they used a more complex language back then and we are just "too stupid" to understand? Or was reading Kant just as difficult for the people in 1800 as it is for us? And how about the other way around? If Kant was reading a modern philosophy book, could he understand it easily? Has the language gotten less complex over time or just different? I hope my question is understandable (I did my best). | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | the answers thus far are all really good and point out important nuances. but I feel like they're overlooking one simple fact: who were the writers and readers back then vs. now? Kant, as well as any contemporary who would have read him, was classically trained in Latin, Greek, rhetoric etc etc etc. Many of these old traditions were important to academics back then and had a lot of prestige and were mimicked quite a lot. Unfortunately, Latin and Greek calques more often than not produce near-gibberish in other languages, which doesn't help. So, basically, he wrote with a kind of training behind him that is (probably) very different from yours and had people in mind who had undergone the same training This paragraph is more of a speculation, but bear with me: The 'hot new thing' in the 18th century was the 'invention' of silent reading. Before that, most/a lot of reading happened either fully aloud or at least as a murmur. Actually reading the sentences aloud will slow down your reading pace but your reading rhythm and intonation will make you make sense of what you're reading more easily. Additionally, I assume that you're reading a standardized 'translation' of his work and not an actual reproduction of the letters etc he himself put on the page, right? If you can find such a reproduction, try reading it aloud and take the commas you find there as little pauses between phrases. It's not the way commas a currently used in German, but Kant wrote before the standardization of spelling, so it is highly likely that he will have divided his complex sentences into semantic phrases instead of syntactic phrases, as German punctuation rules today Finally, as an answer to your final question, I think he would be extremely confused by most things that we do (depending on the discipline). I think especially the idea of sign posting and referencing other pages (either later or earlier) he'd find amusing or maybe even appalling. Old-timey (German) academic writing is very much guided by "we'll get there when we get there", so you're never given a road map in advance, but simply follow a pretty straight line of argumentation, only broken by the famous 'Exkurs' | answer_2 |
lpvhq1 | Were books from around 1800 as hard to read for the people back then as they are for us nowadays? (And vice versa?) I'm (trying) to read Kant right now (I'm German by the way) and I find it rather difficult to understand. It is not that he is using old words that do not exist anymore but rather that the sentences are incredibly long and twisted and sometimes I have already forgotten the beginning of the sentence when I reach the end. Now, language changes with time and the "modern German" was already there in 1800, still it is hard for us nowadays to understand. Could the people back then understand it better? And is that because they used a more complex language back then and we are just "too stupid" to understand? Or was reading Kant just as difficult for the people in 1800 as it is for us? And how about the other way around? If Kant was reading a modern philosophy book, could he understand it easily? Has the language gotten less complex over time or just different? I hope my question is understandable (I did my best). | I've long heard that German students prefer to read Kant in English translation because they find that the translation smooths out some of the complexity. | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
lpvhq1 | Were books from around 1800 as hard to read for the people back then as they are for us nowadays? (And vice versa?) I'm (trying) to read Kant right now (I'm German by the way) and I find it rather difficult to understand. It is not that he is using old words that do not exist anymore but rather that the sentences are incredibly long and twisted and sometimes I have already forgotten the beginning of the sentence when I reach the end. Now, language changes with time and the "modern German" was already there in 1800, still it is hard for us nowadays to understand. Could the people back then understand it better? And is that because they used a more complex language back then and we are just "too stupid" to understand? Or was reading Kant just as difficult for the people in 1800 as it is for us? And how about the other way around? If Kant was reading a modern philosophy book, could he understand it easily? Has the language gotten less complex over time or just different? I hope my question is understandable (I did my best). | I mean, Kant and Hegel are literary the worst writers to read. And long sentences were generally more in back then. I like the explanations in the other comments | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | He’s hunting! My cat brings me her favorite today every night and it’s my favorite thing. I usually give her a groggy “good job baby” and go back to sleep | Is your female cat named Merry, by any chance?? (I definitely thought about that combo for my brother/sister duo!) I have three cats that all engage in this behavior. They each have their own specific, earmarked toys that are brought upstairs daily (or even more than daily, if I do my job and put them back to be re-hunted). Two arrived as elder kittens and for them it's very much a clear "hey, let's play! // hey, look what I've brought you!!" -- lavish praise has always gone over well. The third, former street cat very evidently learned from them, and he now has his own giant stuffed rat that he (and only he) carries around at night. Recently, he's become enamored with leaving the rat in his favorite window sills, which I still can't quite parse the meaning of... wants his buddy to have a nice view, too? I think your guy is looking for acknowledgment and attention. It's silly but you could try thanking him for his present. | answer_2 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | My cat does the exact same thing, he brings us a wand toy (or multiple toys) at bed time while howling, pretty much every night. I'm not really sure why but I think he thinks he is bringing us a present. | Is your female cat named Merry, by any chance?? (I definitely thought about that combo for my brother/sister duo!) I have three cats that all engage in this behavior. They each have their own specific, earmarked toys that are brought upstairs daily (or even more than daily, if I do my job and put them back to be re-hunted). Two arrived as elder kittens and for them it's very much a clear "hey, let's play! // hey, look what I've brought you!!" -- lavish praise has always gone over well. The third, former street cat very evidently learned from them, and he now has his own giant stuffed rat that he (and only he) carries around at night. Recently, he's become enamored with leaving the rat in his favorite window sills, which I still can't quite parse the meaning of... wants his buddy to have a nice view, too? I think your guy is looking for acknowledgment and attention. It's silly but you could try thanking him for his present. | answer_2 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | My female cat does this and so does my parents' girl cat. They always bring us their favourite toys - it's like a present, really - the way they'd bring you a kill as a 'gift'. Only neither of these cats hunt so they bring their favourite toys instead. Both have a very specific meow they use as they're coming into the room, to announce their arrival/that's they've brought us something. I had a cat who did hunt and it's similar to her meow when she had a mouse, only this doesn't involve dead rodents. It's really sweet. | My elderly cat does this. It took him about 5 years to play with anything. But he’ll occasionally bring me a toy or two, making a big fuss about it when he does. But usually it’s his favorite Christmas themed mouse toy with a bell. Personally I think it’s just his way of being like “Look Ma, I killed it. This is for you.” | answer_1 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | My cat does this with a fuzzy piece of fabric that was attached to a teaser pole. She brings it to me in the middle of the night and has a specific meow. It’s not a toy she plays with, she just brings it around the house and will drop it places for me. I call it her lovie, reminds me of a little kid with a blankie. | We have two cats. The youngest has done this since she first came home with a plastic spring. She trained me into throwing it, and we play fetch every night for 1-2 hours once I get in bed… pretty much never any other time. In between throws when she knocks it around, she yowls. Some people would find it annoying, but it’s our routine and I miss it now when I travel for work. If I ever fall asleep without playing fetch, I wake up with the same damn spring right next to my face, or in my hand. Cats are the best. | answer_1 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | My tortie does this with her carrot toy. We just give her a ton of praise, lots of pets, and say thank you for being such a good hunter. | My elderly cat does this. It took him about 5 years to play with anything. But he’ll occasionally bring me a toy or two, making a big fuss about it when he does. But usually it’s his favorite Christmas themed mouse toy with a bell. Personally I think it’s just his way of being like “Look Ma, I killed it. This is for you.” | answer_2 |
z2t4lo | Why does my cat bring me the same toy every night? So, my husband and I adopted 2 kittens a little over a year ago. A boy and a girl, they’re a little over a year old now. We also moved about 5 months ago and ever since getting into our new apartment, our male cat, Pippin, has been doing this thing where he’ll bring us one of his toys, a stick with a bell and rope attached and feathers on the end. Every time he does this he starts meowing and will find us wherever we are in the apartment and usually won’t stop until we make some acknowledgment of it. He never did this before we moved and our female cat doesn’t do this either. I’ve had cats most of my life and never experienced it, but this is the first time I’ve had fully indoor cats, so maybe that has something to do with it. It’s been increasing in frequency to the point that he does this almost every night. A few minutes after we get in bed, we’ll hear him start meowing and dragging the toy down the hall. About half the time he’ll jump on the bed to bring us the toy and once we say hi to him, he just lays down like normal. This happens occasionally (about every few days) during the day as well. It’s not a problem but I have also noticed that when he does this, he’ll sometimes make a motion kind of like he’s trying to cough up a hairball but doesn’t make any sound and doesn’t drop the toy when he does this. I’m just really curious and wondering if it’s something to do with him being a male cat or if I should be concerned? TIA for any insight! | My seven year old cat does this. Sometimes with a sock she has hunted out of the laundry basket, sometimes with a brown rectangular toy she brought with her from the rescue when we got her and her brother, we call it her sausage. We tell her what a good hunter she is and thank her for her contribution to the food supplies. | My cat does this with one of his toys daily. He never wants to play with it I think he just wants to let us know about it. It's like his security blanket we think anyway. He just carries it around and is sort of like "hey look at it". | answer_2 |
2734692 | AVL tree vs. B-tree <sep> How is an AVL tree different from a B-tree? | An AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, balanced to maintain O(log n) height. A B-tree is a balanced tree, but it is not a binary tree. Nodes have more children, which increases per-node search time but decreases the number of nodes the search needs to visit. This makes them good for disk-based trees. For more details, see the Wikipedia article. | Both the AVL tree and the B-tree are similar in that they are data structures that, through their requirements, cause the height of their respective trees to be minimized. This "shortness" allows searching to be performed in O(log n) time, because the largest possible number of reads corresponds to the height of the tree. <code> 5 / \ 3 7 / / \ 1 6 9 </code> This is an AVL tree, and is a binary search tree at its core. However, it is self-balancing, which means that as you add elements to the tree, it will restructure itself to maintain as uniform of a height as it can. Basically, it will not allow long branches. A B-tree also does this, but through a different re-balancing scheme. It's a little too complicated to write out, but if you Google search "B-tree animation" there are some really good applets out there that explain a B-tree pretty well. They are different in that an AVL tree is implemented with memory-based solutions in mind, while a B-tree is implemented with disk-based solutions in mind. AVL trees are not designed to hold massive collections of data, as they use dynamic memory allocation and pointers to the next block of memory. Obviously, we could replicate the AVL tree's functionality with disk locations and disk pointers, but it would be much slower because we would still have a significant number of reads to read a tree of a very large size. When the data collection is so large that it doesn't fit in memory, the solution is a B-tree (interesting factoid: there is no consensus on what the "B" actually stands for). A B-tree holds many children at one node and many pointers to children node. This way, during a disk read (which can take around 10 ms to read a single disk block), the maximum amount of relevant node data is returned, as well as pointers to "leaf node" disk blocks. This allows retrieval time of data to be amortized to log(n) time, making the B-tree especially useful for database and large dataset retrieval implementations. | answer_2 |
325766 | What do you call a partner that you don't live with? <sep> Married people are called "spouses" and people that are in a romantic relationship and live together without being married are called "cohabitants" but what do you call people who are in a romantic relationship that is, for all intents and purposes, the same as marriage/cohabitation, but who don't live together? My bilingual dictionary suggests "live-apart partner", but I find very little actual support for this when I google it, and no support at all on Ngrams. So, what's the proper term for this kind of partnership? I realise one could use "boyfriend/girlfriend" or just "partner", but I'm after the term for the specific kind of partnership, in line with "spouse" and "cohabitant". Edit: I'd be very grateful if the person who downvoted my question could explain what is wrong with it/in what way it doesnt meet a English Language Learners Stack Exchange guideline, so I can learn from my mistakes! | The problem here is that there are two separate concepts involved: your legal status and your living arrangements. When I started filling out forms you gave you the choice single/married/widowed/divorced. Then it was realised that many people were in long-term relationships so co-habiting or partner became included but as part of married not as a separate category. Then we developed civil partnerships. If you really want to know whether they are eligible to marry you then you need to know their civil status if you want to know whether when they go home from hospital there will be someone there to look after them you need to know their living arrangements. So if someone asks you you need to guess which aspect they are concerned about and respond appropriately. | Logically, it would seem that the opposite of "live-in partner" would be a "live-out partner", but I think most people wouldn't follow. In polyamory circles, a partner one lives with is a "nesting partner", so one one doesn't live with would be a "non-nesting partner". Most people would likely not be familiar with the term, but I think it's reasonably easy to figure out what it means. | answer_2 |
h00e8v | A little under a year ago, I woke up to half my eyebrow having fallen off, and it continued to worse for a month. The eyebrow has not regrown at all. Are there explanations for this / should I be concerned? Age: 22 Sex: male Height: 5’11” Weight: 165 lbs Race: Caucasian Primary Complaint: missing half eyebrow Duration: slightly under one year Medical conditions: none Current medications: none Drugs / alcohol: weekly drinker and marijuana smoker, occasional nicotine vape use About a year ago, I woke up to a crescent piece of my eyebrow missing (I was alone, no chance of being shaved as a prank). Over the next month, my right eyebrow continued to lose hair until only 1/4 of it remained. About 4 months after this, my sideburn also stopped growing for a period, but resume growing as normal eventually. I have not sought any help from a primary care doctor or otherwise as I wasn’t really worried about the cosmetic problem, though with it not growing back for this long I am concerned about potential causes. Is this something to be worried about and could I have greater problems going on? I had ringworm within a month of the eyebrow coming off. Pictures of eyebrow - 1 week after noticing and now https://imgur.com/gallery/kZMOMX7 | I was gonna say go get it checked by a dermatologist. Might be a skin infection that’s preventing new hair growth. Anyone else in your family have similar issues? | Thank you for your submission. **Please note that a response does not constitute a doctor-patient relationship.** This subreddit is for informal second opinions and casual information. The mod team does their best to remove bad information, but we do not catch all of it. Always visit a doctor in real life if you have any concerns about your health. Never use this subreddit as your first and final source of information regarding your question. By posting, you are agreeing to our Terms of Use and understand that all information is taken at your own risk. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/AskDocs) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
gu44sc | Any idea why the velocity of money has been falling generally since 2000? https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2V i understand the basic concept of velocity of money. trying to understand the big picture of why its gone down since 1997 | Rob and Lawerence have covered the idea that money is a normal good and that lower inflation means the opportunity cost of money has gone down. These are important factors but I don't have much to add to their comments. I think a very underrated issue is measurement problems. The M2 money supply index that you're citing is a simple sum aggregate. I do not think these types of aggregates are very useful, especially since 2008 when the Fed started using a floor system. Even though the floor system is only directly related to base money, it does have impacts on broader money supply aggregates like M2. But even before 2008 we really should be looking at quantity indexes based on modern indexing theory. Modern price indexes are much more advanced than the types that are taught in econ 101. But indexes like M2 don't employ any of these innovations we've made. Divisia aggregates are an attempt to create a money supply index with these more modern innovations. DM2 and DM4 velocities are more stable than their simple sum counter parts. That being said, the factors mentioned by the other commentators are probably equally important. | !ping MONEY And more specifically u/BainCapitalist I'm sure there's a monetarist explanation for this. | answer_1 |
q0kn1p | Asking for experiences from other engineers who blew the whistle. What happened? Hi all, I have an ethical decision weighing on me this weekend that likely will be surfacing Monday. Just wanted to get some thoughts as to if anyone has encountered this. Using a throwaway account for reasons. I work as a test engineer at an accredited independent test lab and have a customer that is asking us to do things on his parts to make them pass. There is a backstory that I won't go into too much, but from talking to other people, there is some evidence the gentleman who did this testing previously and this customer would often fudge data on the reports to make them pass. The gentleman retired and I was hired on to continue this testing. The industry does have some semblance of use where lives could be affected. Ethically there is no doubt in my mind we're venturing into a moral dilemma, so I made the decision that I won't try to make them pass intentionally. Within reason I understand that circumstances of setup may affect the test too, where if they were not tested right it would also fail. Relying on the customer for feedback was part of the loop up to this point. Regardless I'm looking for advice from engineers who may have blown the whistle. How did it work out for you or in your experience? Did management support your decision? This is a high profile customer, so there would be some fallout I think from it. Thank you all in advance! | If it really fails... tell your management. If it is just a question of configuration and the test is not well defined, state the conditions clearly in the test report. I have done test reports, where there is an aging under temperature, but the temperature is not defined.... So if it fails at 70degC, you better do your test at 65degC. Some competitors even state on their website tests they have passed... and tests they have performed.. . So the last ones failed I guess... | Talk to your management if you're not comfortable doing something, get it in writing from a superior. That way when it comes back there is a paper trail. If they won't create a paper trail they don't want it done. I doubt a trusted independent test lab is going to put up with fudging the data. | answer_1 |
htd67a | Is it worth getting a Master's degree for getting more & higher paying jobs? Also is it possible to do a non-thesis (course related) master's degree immediately after your bachelor's degree? Hello fellow engineer's, as the economy looks depressing currently (and probably for the next year or two) I am considering continuing on with my education to better set my self up in a position for higher pay and more opportunities when the economy does pick back up. And so here are some general questions I would love to know the answers to: Do employers really notice the master's degree clout? How considerable is the average pay increase? Most importantly is it even possible to enroll into a master's degree program that's only course related and 2 years in length, right after you're bachelor's degree with maybe 1 year of engineering related work experience in you're pocket? From my understanding 2 or 3 year work experience is required or highly recommended dose this mean their are exceptions? If so in what case? | I didn't read all the other comments, but: I did a non-thesis Masters as a BS/MS program with the same college. This let me double-count some classes (taken at MS level), and was only 1 year in addition to the BS. The most helpful part of the MS to me was the specific classes that I took -- A Power System Protection class in particular, which is my field now. I also got the experience of being a Graduate Teaching Assistant as part of the BS/MS program, which was also helpful. Beyond preparing me for the interview, I don't know if the MS was a net benefit for salary... The best advice I have there is to get in and work your way to being someone that people want to work with and who supports getting a ton of work done. If you're the one everyone wants on their team, and the teams you're on get the job done the best and most efficiently, you're going the right direction. | A master workout a thesis doesn't sound like a master to me. In my opinion courses are usually simple in the sense that you just follow the curriculum. A proper master degree should also display your abilities to deliver work /science in a proper way. You might as well do the online courses with certificate of your not planning on doing a thesis, but that's my opinion... | answer_1 |
uk0r11 | Who were some anti-slavery Southerners in Civil War era? Any plantation owners who transitioned to other means of support? | Welcome to /r/AskHistorians. **Please Read Our Rules before you comment in this community**. Understand that rule breaking comments get removed. #Please consider **Clicking Here for RemindMeBot** as it takes time for an answer to be written. Additionally, for weekly content summaries, **Click Here to Subscribe to our Weekly Roundup**. We thank you for your interest in this *question*, and your patience in waiting for an in-depth and comprehensive answer to show up. In addition to RemindMeBot, consider using our Browser Extension, or getting the Weekly Roundup. In the meantime our Twitter, Facebook, and Sunday Digest feature excellent content that has already been written! *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/AskHistorians) if you have any questions or concerns.* | /u/Georgy_K_Zhukov has previously written about: * Confederate deserters * The postwar career of James Longstreet * Was the average Confederate soldier a strong proponent of white supremacy? * On the idea of "nice" or "good" slave owners in the American South For more on the economics of US slavery, read If a single slave cost the equivalent of $57K today, how was slavery profitable in 1850? by /u/freedmenspatrol Link to archived version of "Is it true that small-scale slavery in the south was less terrible than planation style slavery?" Link to archived version of "Was US slavery profitable without government subsidy?" | answer_2 |
fwlwhk | Why did the language North Koreans speak differ so much and so fast from south Korea? I was thinking about how Spanish can still be understood in every country after 400 years of separation. Yet I have heard the notion that south Koreans only understand like 30% of what North Koreans say and they can't really communicate with each other. Why did the languages differ so fast? | If you watch the drama **Crash Landing on You** on Netflix you will see that they can understand each other just fine. Among the writers of the drama were also North Koreans. The North Koreans use more the formal -ida- and -ikka- ending, while the South Koreans use the slightly more familiar / normally polite -yo -ending. A few times in the drama there are some misunderstandings. | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
miycfm | What is the inverse of "xenophobe"? I know that "xenophile" is one opposite of "xenophobe", as xenophiles love foreigners and foreign cultures, while xenophobes hate foreigners and foreign cultures, but that's not the word I'm looking for. And then "patriot" is one who loves their own country and culture. So what I want is the missing quarter of this square. What is the word for someone who hates their own country and culture? E.g. An Englishman who loves France and all things French is a xenophile (or more narrowly, a Francophile) A Frenchman who loves France and all things French is a patriot A Spaniard who hates everything not Spanish is a xenophobe An Italian who hates Italy and everything Italian is a what? A German who likes every culture except their own is both a xenophile and a what? | An Italian who hates everything italian is called italian. Source: am italian, I know my fellows. | Hello! Thank you for posting your question to /r/asklinguistics. Please remember to flair your post. This is a reminder to ensure your recent submission follows all of our rules, which are visible in the sidebar. If it doesn't, your submission may be removed! ___ All top-level replies to this post must be academic and sourced where possible. Lay speculation, pop-linguistics, and comments that are not adequately sourced will be removed. ___ *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/asklinguistics) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
zth8ct | How did the modern idea of pirate speech patters in movies come to be? Is this based on real pirate/sailor speech from some time period? I'm curious about the stereotypical "arrrg" "shiver me timbers" "ahoy" words and phrases | Unsurprisingly, “shiver me timbers” comes from Treasure Island, like most of our stereotypes about pirates. It’s very likely that a lot of other pirateisms could be directly attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson’s characters as well. | I don’t know about those specific phrases, but the accent comes from the southwest of England, because a lot of the pirates came from Bristol. | answer_1 |
4htojv | I find moral error theory attractive. Why am I the laughingstock of the metaethics community? I've encountered people who have told me it isn't a legitimate position, that it's pure sophistry, etc. Why all the hate? | I'm not an error-theorist, and I think there are good reasons for my views...but that being said, plenty of very smart moral philosophers *are* error-theorists, and have their own good reasons. Error theory is absolutely a viable position in contemporary metaethics, held by plenty of strong contemporary thinkers (Shelly Kagan, for one, and I believe George Sher as well...and that's just off the top of my head). I think that anyone who dismisses it out of hand is being kind of closed-minded and not demonstrating the appropriate kind of humility required to do good moral philosophy, especially metaethics. I may not *agree* with the error-theorists, but I would be a fool not to at least take them seriously. | Its not that its not a legitimate position. Its that there being no form of moral imperatives is a position that is seen as unplausible, and a damaging idea that people generally hold for the wrong reasons. | answer_1 |
7ua3wr | How common are illnesses such as the cold or the flu in other animals? and if they aren't common, why? | I see some people citing psychological stuff, personally kinda skeptical that they "hide the symptoms" of disease. As a soon-to-be-graduated microbiologist, ive seen it being just a case of "it happens a shitton in animals, we just don't care enough to study it" leading to a large gap in information in animal diseases when compared to human diseases. Lifespan also plays a factor of course, leading to (many) animals having drastically lower rates of cancer than humans purely because they die to other things before cancer would normally appear. Fun fact, though I'm sure many already know this, but it's worth pointing out that basically every one of the biggest diseases we deal with are diseases spread and maintained in animal populations. | Though im not 100% sure this fully awnsers the question at hand it helps shed some light in the right direction . Some animals are susceptible to the human cold and can experience most, if not all the symptoms associated with humans. While dogs are not known to catch the human cold virus, cats occasionally do and will display cold symptoms much like a human would. Cats have even been proven to contract the H1N1 or swine flu strain from humans and their environment. On a slightly different note, large primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees have also been known to contract pneumonia from humans, which is not too surprising considering the close genetic ties. However, the viruses that affect plants are rarely known to be transmitted to humans or other animals given the genetic distance between plant and animal DNA. --Tony Hegar, MPH with emphasis in Epidemiology | answer_1 |
62x3d1 | Batman] Why is there so much useless signage in the (Adam West-era) Batcave? [To the Batcave via the Batpoles Compressed Steam Batpole Lift Signage Everywhere The Batextension Giant Lighted Lucite Map of Gotham City Does Batman have some kind of cognitive disability? Does he not remember what any of these devices are for? Is Batman going senile? | Robin... Isn't the brightest bird of the feathers, if you know what I mean. | Batman was always developing new devices and frequently instructed Alfred in their use via the Batphone while out on missions in Gotham City. Labeling all equipment, whether old or brand new, ensured that Alfred would always be able to efficiently and accurately follow his instructions even if they invoked unfamiliar equipment. | answer_2 |
2khesw | In Phantom Menace why does the droid army have ranks? Why would the droid army need a command structure if they are all controlled from a command ship? | The ships farm out orders to the high ranking droids (might not even be the droids, could be computers in the transports, who farm it out to the others and so on. Take out the ships at the top while the bots below are in battle mode (reduced individual initiative sacrificed for better cohesiveness) and they go into deadlock, waiting for instructions that never arrive. These issues were addressed later on after the disaster that was the battle of Naboo. In general the ranks allow droid with a more capable AI to control a bunch of others. The more complex AI requires better hardware, which is more expensive and energy consuming. When your army relies largely on overwhelming numbers cutting costs really matters. Not only that but it means that you can restrict information on a need to know basis, with an officer droid knowing more than any individual trooper to help prevent any plans falling into the republic's hands. It also helps that you can have one computer crunching away at things like logistics and longer term plans back at camp while the infantry are patrolling elsewhere. | It's because the army is still structured like an army, so you still need different units in different rolls. The command ship is the Admiral, who distributes orders to commanders, who distribute to squad leaders, who distribute to individual soldiers. The reality is a little more complicated than that, but that's the basics of it. Killing the admiral stops the whole army, but that doesn't mean it was remote controlling every single unit. | answer_1 |
qa4iym | How much weight to give one study? (See description) Often, when the media reports on social science findings, they will cite a single study as evidence for a claim. I do not come from a social science background, but I do remember being told in Psychology 101 that no single study is authoritative. Given, that average people like me do not have time to read a multitude of studies and determine where the consensus lies, how can we have confidence in any assertion about the findings of social science? \*If this isn't the right subreddit for this question, where should I post it? | The media tends to report studies which have been press-released. Notoriously unreliable (and not just for being single studies) but you shouldn't be using the media as a source of scientific information in the first place. Systematic reviews aim to identify all the relevant studies published (and sometimes also unpublished) of a particular question and consider the body of evidence as a whole, with meta-analysis where populations and outcomes are sufficiently similar to combine. The Campbell Collaboration specialises in this sort of work for social science, following the lead of the Cochrane Collaboration (for medical and health research). As well as the Campbell Collaboration site, you could try <topic key words> plus "systematic review" in Google Scholar. | Thanks for your question to /r/AskSocialScience. All posters, please remember that this subreddit requires peer-reviewed, cited sources (Please see Rule 1 and 3). All posts that do not have citations will be removed by AutoMod. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/AskSocialScience) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
t0csb3 | Is there a correlation between political beliefs, SES, and estimates of upward mobility of those in poverty? I have a hypothesis that progressives, and possibly the poor themselves, underestimate upward mobility among those in poverty. Is there any research looking into how well calibrated these groups estimations are to the actual data on upward mobility? | > I have a hypothesis that progressives, and possibly the poor themselves, underestimate upward mobility among those in poverty. Research such as "Mobility Regimes and Parental Wealth: The United States, Germany, and Sweden in Comparison." shows us the opposite: >In sum, the independent associations found between parental wealth and different attainment outcomes – educational success and social mobility – demonstrate the importance of wealth in the intergenerational transmission of status, on par with the more frequently studied indicators of parental occupational status and family income, but of less importance than parental education | Thanks for your question to /r/AskSocialScience. All posters, please remember that this subreddit requires peer-reviewed, cited sources (Please see Rule 1 and 3). All posts that do not have citations will be removed by AutoMod. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/AskSocialScience) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
yhadh | [Economics] Is there a way to use economic methods to determine which is the better candidate in elections? Virtually all of politics is based on opinion, as to how people vote and how how candidates decide their issues, but is it possible to take a fact only based approach to political candidates? Assuming if the ultimate goal of an elected official is to better the well being of the people he represents, could there be an algorithm or a definitive way of picking the better candidate, void of opinion? | Not at the current point in time. I could imagine that the Predictocracy ideas could catch on, though. As I recall, intrade had some conditional markets in 2008, so you could bet on things like "Unemployment rate conditional on [democratic]/[republican] President. As I recall, it was highly illiquid. Doesn't seem to be anything like that up now. | We could rank candidates with algorithms, but everything depends on how you create it and what data would you feed it. There will be always bias, so why would anyone even try? You can look at recommendation for example on steam, last.fm, imdb.com or any dating site. They have huge databases and they employ hundreds or thousands of high skilled professionals and their suggestions are often terrible. I think it's easier and cheaper to just make normal voting. | answer_1 |
1ww8rm | Are there any predictors of revolution? | Revolution is difficult to pin down because you need a working definition of revolution that everyone agrees to. If we agree it is a mass movement of some kind that changes society, you can learn a lot from the study of social movements, the study of democratization, and models of rational choice. Revolutions also suffer from "N of 1" problem -- they don't have often enough to get good comparative data. Each are idiosyncratic. Here are some classics of democratization: Theda Skocpol (1979) States and Social Revolution. Argues that a crisis of the state (legitimacy/confidence in the regime) creates the situation which can be exploited by a dominate class. Barrington Moore (1966) Social Origin of Dictatorship and Democracy Argues that the transition to capitalism creates an opportunity for social change. The resulting regime type (dictatorship or democracy) is determined by the presence of the bourgeoisie. Famous for the line "no bourgeoisie no democracy." Reeschmeyer, Stephens, and Stephens (1992) Capitalist Development and Democracy Also argue capitalism causes the demand for democracy, but it takes an alliance of the middle class (bourgeoisie) and the working class to exploit the weakness of regimes. Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson (2006). Economic origins of dictatorship and democracy. Argues that elites have to make concessions (taxes, power sharing, etc) to stave off revolution. If they don't make enough there's a revolution. From social movement theory: Doug McAdam(1982). Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency Gave us "political process" model of social movements. Revolutions occur (and succeed) when there's constant demand for change and there's a split in loyalties of the ruling class -- some break off and go with social movement. McCarthy, J. D., & Zald, M. N. (1977). Resource mobilization and social movements: A partial theory. American journal of sociology, 1212-1241 The argument relies on Mancur Olson's collective action problem to argue that it takes someone willing to organize and actively acquire resources (money, physical office space, etc) to get a social movement off the ground. This is off the top of my head so I'm certain I left out a ton of relevant material Here's solid advice if you're serious about learning any topic-- start with the classics and move out from there. Edit: some words | http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/we-are-now-one-year-and-counting-from-global-riots-complex-systems-theorists-say--2 | answer_1 |
qbqsht | I think my diabetic cat may be experiencing terminal agitation. It's late night and he's pacing, asking for food but not eating much, going to his water but not drinking much. He seemed fine just hours ago. I'm willing to euthanize him when it's time, but I'm not sure that's right now. (First: I have plenty of records, but right now I can't stop monitoring kitty's agitated behavior to go scan them onto a USB so I can post them.) Spike (16 y.o. DSH) was finally diagnosed as diabetic just two weeks ago by a new vet, after his previous vet had resisted for two years seeing the obvious signs we kept pointing to (including elevated glucose, although the old vet never did urine testing). He has been getting 1 unit of insulin twice a day for the last ten days, and seemed to be improving until a few hours ago. Now he just seems to want to do all his daily rituals in quick succession, and can't rest for more than a few minutes. He would be due for another insulin injection in 45 minutes, but I don't know enough yet about diabetes to know if I should go ahead. Please don't lecture me. I've seen some terrible examples of vets here completely failing to remember the human at moments like this, and right now I have my hands more than full caring for my husband during recovery from recent cancer surgery. I don't even think I *could* leave right now to take the kitty to be euthanized. I'm not an idiot, and some of you may even recognize my user name as a trusted user here (although not so labelled) who has helped lot of people with, esp., feral cat issues. I'm exhausted, but afraid to leave Spike alone in this state. If nobody replies, I will just say a prayer and administer the insulin in 45 minutes. And if it comes to that, I'll stay up all night holding him as he dies. But I sure wish I knew if I should give him that shot. | If he's not eating, do not give him insulin. Can you describe what he is doing in more detail? Does he seem dazed? Is he showing any muscle twitching, weakness, wobbliness while walking, incoordination while walking? | Do you have equipment for testing Spike's blood sugar? Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) from too much insulin can cause agitation. | answer_1 |
fvx41n | If a plane was hit with an EMP, would it go down? I was just watching a movie where an EMP goes off and suddenly a plane comes crashing down. I assumed airplanes had mechanisms to allow them to run, or at least glide safely if all the electronic systems were to fail. I don’t know anything about planes so is this accurate at all? Would this not be universal among modern airplanes? *Bonus question*: How long can a plane glide without fuel? | Even without power, an airliner is still a huge, mediocre glider. They can still be flown and landed, if the pilot knows what they're doing. Look up the Gimli Glider. | On modern aircraft, safety critical systems use shielded wiring and EMI hardened components to protect from transient and indirect lightning effects. This includes FADECs and all fly-by-wire systems. This would likely offer some protection for those systems in the case of EMP. Meaning you would likely keep engine control and flight controls. You would likely lose all but standby instruments, and all backup systems, but safe flight could continue to the nearest suitable airport. | answer_1 |
uvppho | Looking for a book about time-travel I’m looking for a book ( doesn’t matter if fiction or non-fiction ) that is based on mind-blowing time-travel paradoxes which will leave you deep in thought. Something not too hard to understand but also kind of a deep-dive. Maybe a bit philosophical too. | The New Time Travelers by David Toomey. Easy explanation of non-fiction, actual research on the topic | The first fifteen lives of Harry August | answer_2 |
rtu1nj | Silly question but why don't plant encyclopedic articles include compatible soil orders, mineral requirements and other parameters outside identification? Maybe I'm looking at the wrong articles on plants but most I find online will only describe plants by how they look and their taxa rank. Little information is found for **common plants** on what they need compared to different plants. Or is it assumed all plants need the same ratio of nitrogen and will grow with a lot of hummus and mulch beneath them. Information like: * Soil orders/ sub orders ranges * Ideal moisture ranges, * Ideal solar irradiance ranges * How much fertilizer salts they consume * Photosynthesis work per square inch of leaf etc.. I come from a hydroponics/mathematics background so maybe I'm out of place. But learning about Botany can not feel like a hard science at times where it is a hard science in my mind. | First of all, the sort of information you're asking for falls under horticultural science, not really botany, which is strictly speaking a subject preoccupied with plant taxonomy, rather than cultural methods, hence a focus on identification. Second of all, money. You're asking for a lot of information which in order to be accurate rather than simply inferred or guessed at, costs years of research to collate data for even a single species - for tens of thousands of species and 100s of thousands of subspecies, varieties and cultivars. Most of the worlds plant species aren't economically valuable, and this sort of information benefits largely only commercial growers (who, for the record, do fund, produce and publish the most cultural guidance on the plant species that actually are worth propagating - join the IPPS today!). How and who does this research into cultural techniques for non-profitable plants and who will pay for it, keeping in mind that manpower within horticultural science is limited and thus to generate this information something more pressing like trialing food crops would need to be stopped? Horticulture is a small field, botany even smaller. Money is tight. Both fields are shrinking across the world, university courses are closing and new talent goes into tech and old knowledge dies before being passed on. It would be nice to crowd source cultural information in a wiki style web resource through cooperation between botanic gardens, universities, commercial growers and horticultural research institutes but the funding, infrastructure and manpower to do so simply isn't there. | No such thing as a silly question. I have a hydroponics and soils background so maybe I can help. So lettuce likes my garden soil at 6.5-7.5. But in hydroponics it better be 5.5-6 or else I get major issues. Soil is the “great equalizer”. It holds moisture, nutrients, and provides buffering capacity. In all honesty even “good” soil is easier to grow in than dialing in a hydroponics system. Not to mention if you are trying to grow two different crops. There are plants out there with well known issues like pin oak. Overall they grow well, but on high pH soils they get iron deficiency. Want to find a high pH soil? In the Midwest most of the clays will start at 7.8 and go up from there. So around here, don’t put pin oak on clay soils! So a lot of plants are assigned soil types, just not as methodically as you are thinking. Look for moisture ratings like “dry”, “moist”, “wet”. “Heavy”, “Sandy”, and “loamy” can indicate textures. “Rich” is a keyword for high Organic Matter. You start to put these together and you get a sense of what the plant needs. Also, there’s a ton of lists like “plants for wet sites” that can give clues. | answer_1 |
pg61lq | Why do herbs and spices in Europe smell grassy, floral, etc. while most East Asian spices smell warm, sweet, or even peppery? | That is because most European herbs are from the mint family. Rosemary, thyme, oregano, marjoram, mint are all mint. East Asian herbs tend to come from a broad range of families of plants. | Just a friendly reminder: All posts must have either a botany related question, or a submission statement. This can be in either the title or the comments. Questions or submission statements must be about the scientific study of plants. More specifically, your submission statement or question needs to be about plant physiology, anatomy, structure, genetics, ecology, distribution, pathogens, or classification. Gardening questions, requests for advice on plant care, and plant ID questions will be removed. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/botany) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
th2md8 | Why does my cat keep trying to get me to take naps with her? She sleeps with me in my bed at night. And cats obviously sleep a lot more than humans. So during the daytime she'll often try to get me to follow her into my bed and lay down with her and nap. But I can't sleep as much a cat and my cat doesn't understand. She gets sad when I don't nap with her when she wants. | Well, this is beyond adorable :D | It sounds like she thinks you need more sleep! | answer_1 |
pzyr9q | I cannot for the life of me cook a damn chicken breast The title implies the frustration I feel from the last few months of cooking. I have tried cooking chicken everywhere from 350-450 degrees and for varying times from 20-45 min. However every time the breasts end up too tough and lack flavor. I’m never sure if I’m over cooking or undercooking them because in order for my thermometer to read close to 160 I have to leave the chicken cooking longer than expected. I’m seasoning them with garlic and herb, paprika, red peppers and cumin and maybe a small dash of cinnamon on recommendation from a friend. Do y’all have any advice for me? I didn’t grow up with anyone to teach me these basic things, so it’s possible that there’s an obvious fix to this that I’m just missing. I like to bring the chicken breasts into work for lunch with some rice so I’d love some tips on how to best store the chicken to reheat. | One trick you can do with pretty much any poultry is to brine it before cooking. About an hour per inch of thickness is a good general rule of thumb for brines and marinades. This will lengthen your cooking time, but you will wind up with a VERY juicy piece of poultry. Cooking to a time is... less than ideal. Unless you're making cookies, always cook to a temperature. The time will tell you about how long it will take, but is not to be used as an indicator of how long you need to apply heat to something. The reason not to use time is that, as I'm sure you've noticed by now, not all chicken breasts are made the same size or shape. The same applies to, well, pretty much everything. You'll also need some fat and some salt. The number one mistake made by new cooks is not using enough salt in their cooking. Salt turns on other flavors, as does garlic and vanilla (the real stuff, not necessarily the imitation stuff), making it easier to taste those other flavors. You don't necessarily need a lot of them, but you'll certainly tell when they are missing or not enough. Applying a layer of fat will help your herbs and spices stick to your meat better and produce a better end product. Applying oils/butters is also important because it helps with heat transfer into your food better, especially in frying pans and skillets. Smoked Paprika is excellent with chicken thighs. Make a paste with salt, garlic, and olive oil and massage it into the chicken thigh so it gets well covered. Then cook like you normally would until your internal temp hits your desired doneness. For breasts, consider sage as another herb that goes very well with poultry. Give it a coating of butter, a little salt, some sage, and roast it. Yum! One thing that many new cooks struggle with is that quite often, simpler is better. Try to limit the number of herbs and spices to one or two. When you add a bunch of things, it tends to get busy or confusing as to what it's supposed to taste like. With enough stuff added in, you can't taste whatever it is you're cooking, and all you get is the herbs & spices, and usually that's just a conglomeration of flavors. When you use only one or two herbs/spices, you're enhancing the flavors that are already in whatever you're cooking. edit: since it was asked elsewhere, a Brine, in it's simplest form, is a salt water bath for your meat. All manner of other flavors and such can be added as well. Most commonly, Cinnamon, Clove, and Molasses added to the salt water for the annual turkey feast. That annual Turkey is the only thing I've ever left in the brine for 12 hours, and it was more than sufficient. there was juices literally bursting out once I started cutting into it. So, yeah, 1 hour per inch of thickness is more than sufficient. | Get a decent digital thermometer; sounds like the one you have kind of sucks. Takes only a few seconds to get a reading, and that should give a decent estimate on if they need to go in for a bit longer or are ready to come out. Also, if you are opening and closing the oven a lot to check (or checking the temp with the door open), then you are probably losing a lot of heat each time. Also, it could be your source of chicken as well. I bought chicken from a different place once and every breast from that purchase came out tough. Finally, it could always be your oven. Maybe it doesn't get up to the temperature that it claims it does. This is probably a rare situation, but maybe you've gotten an unlucky draw. You could perhaps try cooking at a friend/family member's place (make it a shared meal?) to see if you get different results with different equipment. | answer_1 |
9txtdc | Bored of eating the same old thing….. What are some quick, filling meals from your culture/background? Basically, what are some healthy, simple & flavourful meals that aren’t boring Western-typical stuff? I’m sick of pizza, pasta, mashed potatoes, canned veggies with butter, chicken soup, tuna sandwiches, breaded chicken, oatmeal, scrambled eggs… Anything with sauce would be great! I’m a little wary of buying the various pre-made jarred options in the pantry isle but I’m open to brand recommendations too (I’m in Canada) I’m thinking mainly lunch/dinner but any meal of the day works 😊 Also! By “healthy” I don’t mean low calorie, bring on the calories tbh | My mom recently introduced me to green Thai curry paste. Chop up a chicken breast (cm cubes) , dump a can of coconut milk in a pot with the chopped raw chicken and some curry paste. (I add chopped Thai peppers for heat). Bring to a boil and simmer for 10 minutes. Dump it over some rice and eat. You’ll either love it or hate it. | Moroccan Lentil Stew. I make it heartier by adding chicken, kale, and cauliflower. Pastalaya. | answer_1 |
y0gty7 | How are you preparing for a potential recession? It has really hit home lately that next year in my country(Canada) could be a pretty bad recession. Mind you, I'm just going off of news folks and hearsay from random people I talk to because I don't know anything about foretelling stuff like this. It's made me really nervous as I am a one man show with a business that installs graphics, store displays and other marketing media and the only way people like me get work alot of the time is doing jobs that large print shops don't have time for their own installers to do. Naturally, if things slow down, the first people they cut won't be their own installers but the subcontractor so that they can keep their own lights on. Is there any advice on how someone like me can stay afloat or maybe those who have experience from the last one can share theirs? Whether big or small, I'm interested in hearing any advice or experience to try to create some kind of a game plan. | In May of last year, I started my "preparation" by totally changing my field. I was in advertising, but during recession, this is the #1 sector that go down when things go crazy so I didn't wanted to be dependant on that. I learned to code from May to July, to start a SaaS company. I was spot on, because in September, my main client stopped, and for the first time had to pay me late. My new company only has 2 customers for now, but that's a good start! Also, I'm keeping all my cash in different currencies to mitigate inflation. | I double wipe my ass after poopin | answer_1 |
ybqpcc | Is it actually possible to make cafe quality espresso at home? I’m considering getting an ECM puristika and niche grinder but if the espresso won’t be fairly similar to your average hipster cafe espresso then I don’t think there’s a point. It would be great to confirm if this is actually possible otherwise I’d probably opt for pour over gear. | Your wife won't let you near any establishment that claims to prepare tasty coffee ever again. This may have something to do with at a certain point spending an hour and 50 minutes arguing over and A/B testing WDT methods, or another occurrence that ended up with you buying 14 bags of Ethiopian after hurting your hand and bleeding all over a semi-disassembled commercial grinder. Maybe it was that time when you spent 5 nights on a week-long vacation serving cappuccino for free at the resort because the machine was great and the staff clueless. But yes, you will have espresso at home that is awesome. | You can make more enjoyable coffee at home than 95% of third wave places. Perhaps not consistently better, but more enjoyable. It's rare to find a cafe that actually makes espresso that doesn't taste generic. They mostly all serve a basic third wave style espresso which is kinda chocolately but also a bit acidic for no reason (no fruit notes, just acidity). With a basic setup, you can emulate cafe espresso and make more interesting espresso with single origin coffee. It takes a while to learn how to brew espresso well, but if you put in some time and have decent equipment, you'll wont go out for coffee again. I only go to cafes now for the ambiance and accept the coffee isn't as good as what I can make at home (both espresso and drip). | answer_1 |
pdrje6 | How good is the Niche, really? I'm currently looking to upgrade from my Mignon Specialita. Browsing this sub regularly, I noticed something that got me curious: you see the Niche in basically every kind of setup, from a Gaggia Classic or Rancilio Silvia to a Decent, LMLM, or even GS3. When I got into this hobby, I've read about machine to grinder price ratios, and how important it (apparently) is to have a grinder that's appropriate compared to what you pay for your espresso machine. Now the Niche seems to defy any ratio, since it's used in setups where the espresso machine is cheaper than the grinder, and also setups where the espresso machine costs about 10x the price of the Niche. I'm wondering, is the Niche just *that* good, or did the people who spent $5-7k on an espresso machine just run out of money? | The Niche is a great grinder. There are many people who prefer large conical burrs, despite how vocal some people can be about flat burrs being the best option. There are a couple of larger conical burr sets on the market, but going from 63mm Kony burrs to 68 or 83mm is similar to the jump from 80mm to 98mm flat burrs. The absolutely obsessive will pay a large amount for that to know that nothing is being left on the table, but for the majority of users it wouldn't be noticeable. I have and love the Niche. I also owned and liked the Specialita, but eventually sold it. That being said, I wouldn't recommend you switch to a Niche unless you are obsessive about your dose weights, or just have some cash burning a hole in your pocket. I find it easier to be consistent with doses by single dosing with the Niche rather than by using the timer on the Specialita. But, if you don't care too much about knowing your dose weight or brew ratio, the Specialita will give a faster workflow. | I can attest to this, since I went Specialita to Niche myself. I kind of hated the Specialita: tiny dial was terrible with my decent to dial in, it’s retention was too high, flavors weren’t that great and it was fiddly to get the grind just right. Got the niche and night and day difference. Usability is miles better. I can change from one bean to another with zero issue. The sweetspot is much wider, and there is indeed very little retention, true to its name. | answer_1 |
xv8bfw | Is there a word in any language that points at the space/state before existence/creation? Not necessarily nothing, nothing can be within a void inside of creation, however something that is hard to discuss is necessarily in the discussions akin to "chicken and the egg" is the space in time before which there is/was anything. I understand this may not be discussed all to often. Just curious if there is any word that points to this? Curious for a few reasons, and to look into where the origins of that discussion began. | Many of Australia's First Nations' languages and cultures have a concept that gets translated into English as the Dreaming or the Dreamtime - it tends to be the context within which the cultures' creation myths happen, and the myths themselves describe things like how the landscape came to be the way it now is, or how birds and animals came to have the form they now have. So as I understand it, it's a kind of "what there was before our current time and place was created." (Although there's every chance that I'm completely wrong in describing it that way, for which I'll apologise in advance.) Of course there are probably at least as many words for the concept in the First Nations' languages as there are First Nations' languages themselves, and I'm sure there are also as many variations on the actual concept, but Dreaming or Dreamtime seem to be the catch-all English translations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohu_wa-bohu | answer_1 |
ocpuqc | I huge list (1400) of people with birth and death dates. I want to find which exact date had the most people alive on. I was trying to think of how I could use the COUNTIF or SUMIF functions but honestly can't think of an efficient way of doing so. I know that I can use the COUNTIF function to see if a specific date is within a range of dates (person's lifespan). But that would take forever to check every day in each year to see which date was in the most lifespans(because I have people's birthdays ranging from 1900s to present day). Is there a more efficient way of doing this? Is there a way to check each date range with each other instead? | There are a few ways to do this. One fairly logical way is to create a list of dates from the earliest to latest and the create two subsequent columns.the first column will be 'born after' and the next column will be 'died before'. The use the COUNTIF function to populate the value for each date. Born after would be =countif (a:a, ">" & d2) Died before would be =countif (b:b, "<" d2) Where column a has the birth date, column b has the death date and column d has the previously created list of dates. Then subtract the 'died before' from the 'born after' for each date and it'll tell you how many people were alive on each date. Use MAX to calculate the Max of this last column and you'll see the maximum amount of people alive. Then just scroll down until you see the maximum amount. You count add an if statement along side it if you wanted to visually highlight the maximum. Hth, E | I would probably use Power Query for this. With a start and end date in each row, you can add a column that creates a list of every date in the range, then you can expand that list to new rows, which then will give you one row of data per person per living day, and from there it's a simple pivot table to get the highest day. | answer_1 |
z17kln | Is it possible to auto-insert rows within a data set based on the known value of a cell within the row? Howdy Spreadsheet Warriors! I have inherited a data set that needs some rearranging; looking for some ideas as to the best way to go about doing this: * The Current State: Current State of Data Set \(I manually added the Bullets columns\) * The Dream State: Dream State of Data Set Additional Notes: * The dataset size is 150 rows * The *Bullets in Level 1* can get as high as 5, the *Bullets in Level 2* can get as high as 12 * The # 1 area where I'm stuck is on if there is a way to somehow 'auto-insert' a set of rows based on the # of bullet points there are in the original cell row (i.e. 3 rows get added below Yellow, total 4 rows for Yellow, 1 row get added below Red, totaling 2 rows for Red, none need to get added for Black). Any thoughts/ideas would be greatly appreciated! Other tidbits: * Excel Version: Microsoft 365 for Business * Excel Environment: Desktop * Excel Language: English * Knowledge Level: Intermediate | /u/Nussy_Slayer - Your post was submitted successfully. * Once your problem is solved, reply to the **answer(s)** saying `Solution Verified` to close the thread. * Follow the **[submission rules](/r/excel/wiki/sharingquestions)** -- particularly 1 and 2. To fix the body, click edit. To fix your title, delete and re-post. * Include your **[Excel version and all other relevant information](/r/excel/wiki/sharingquestions#wiki_give_all_relevant_information)** Failing to follow these steps may result in your post being removed without warning. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/excel) if you have any questions or concerns.* | is the first/yellow 'stuff' in one cell or five? the lack of borders makes me ask- actual borders would help a lot. | answer_2 |
649xhh | Explain like I'm five years old: Why is it okay to eat/drink stuff in a US supermarket before paying for it? This doesn't really happen in my home country (Finland) | Hy-Vee (local grocery chain) has fruit at the entrances to give to kids for free. We never open anything before paying, but we do take them up on the free apple or banana. | Look, it's a really freaking long wait in the line to get checked out. I just want to eat one of the cookies in the package I'm buying. If the store cares that much, they can hire more checkers. | answer_1 |
5vgfjx | Explain like I'm five years old: Why does every radio station seem like they go on commercial break at the same time? | It's intentional, so that the competitors/various radio stations don't "cannibalize" their own industry. MSM does the same. Channel surfing during commercials=more commercials=go back to the original channel. Idk if I explained that very well... hope it makes sense. | It probably has to do with most songs and commericals being relatively similar in length and most stations likely play the same number of songs and then commercials. | answer_1 |
naszt4 | Why are trout so much more fragile than other fish? Proper fish handling is important for all species, but trout just don’t seem to be able to handle anything. | Aside from the softer mouths they are also a colder water fish so can be much more susceptible when water temps get above 65F. | they rely on a slime coating that stops/lowers infections. | answer_1 |
8c3byb | Obligatory, I can't catch any fish post. [Help] This is my second season attempting to catch fish and I have not even had so much as a nibble. I'm just casting lures into the water and reeling them in with nothing to show for it. First year I tried using night crawlers and a bobber. I fished 4 different pond/lakes and a few rivers. Every time I looked for structure such as fallen trees. Everything has been from the shore's in New Hampshire. This year I have spent two days fishing and it's more of the same. No indication that fish exist whatsoever. This time I have tried using 3 inch worm senko's and a mepps lure. I have tried every retrieve and action imaginable. I spend 30 minutes at a spot, fancasting and making sure to cast near structure such as trees or weeds; then I move on. Still nothing...I am fishing for literally anything but preferably panfish, since they are supposed to be in abundance and easy to catch. I haven't tried fishing at 6 AM yet but I feel like I should have had some indication of the existence of fish by now. I have purchased small grub lures and a rooster tail for the next time I go out. Am I just fishing in ponds and lakes that don't have many fish? | Download fishbrain to see if people are logging catches in those places. I'd also recommend looking up the Ned Rig. Zman finesse TRD (or TRD Hogz, those were great for me yesterday) in green pumpkin, coppertruce, and black and blue. Put them on a zman 1/15oz Shroomz head and also get some 1/8oz bullet weight and 1/0 EWG hooks for weedless rigging. Not sure about NH but in my state there is a hotline that lists when ponds are stocked. | Do you see anyone catch fish there? Do you see any very small fish in the water? It is quite possible you're fishing in dead water. A pond can look lovely but if temperature or PH get out of whack there won't be any fish to catch. | answer_1 |
z45k96 | I want to talk about frugal coffee. Please share your tips for shopping and brewing! I enjoy my daily coffee habit, but I'm not very frugal about it. Coffee grounds are getting more and more expensive, and we go through a lot of coffee grounds. I usually buy large containers of brand names. Other times I'll get store brand and not find it as good. I dislike that they only sell grounds in only 12 oz. bags (don't last) or the 30 oz. cans that aren't much better priced. I want to get more bang for buck now. I'm looking at two things: first, a more economical way to buy coffee or prepare it, and second, more frugal ways to flavor or enhance my coffee. I'm looking for ideas for creamers, milk, spices or anything you guys know that can possibly make lower quality coffee more satisfying to drink. Should I start grinding beans? Should I stop using a drip maker? I have a decent SCA certified coffee maker with a frother (don't use) currently. French press? What should I do? Looking forward to your frugal coffee tips. | I recently come across lidl deluxe single origin coffee. It's like £2 / 100g which is cheap compared to nescafe at the moment £3.50 - £5 / 100g And it tastes good too. Otherwise I always thought grinding your own beans was the cheapest and tastiest method of consumption, correct me if I'm wrong ? | I use a boring little coffee maker that makes just enough for me - the coffee maker costs about $15 and is cheaply made but works for years on end. I buy just normal brand coffee, preferably on sale (or the big can of Kirkland from Costco when I can get someone to pick it up for me), and I buy a big can instead of the pound bags. One $19 can lasts me nearly 3 months, and I only have coffee in the morning for the wake-up punch, as it keeps consumption down instead of having coffee all day. The rest of the day, I drink water. | answer_1 |
uz16ve | How do you force players to use the resources they have? You know the phenomenon of hoarding potions until the end of some game. Before you realize it, you've finished the game without using them. How do you actually prevent that and force the player's hand to use all the resources they have till the very end? | Flip it the other way. *Why* don't you use consumable resources when you're playing a game? You're generally concerned you'll waste it now when you need it later - smallest healing potion you have heals for 10, you're only down 6, so why waste it? That fireball scroll can clear out these rats, but what if there's an ice golem in the next room? Better hang on to it. And then your 40-and-over crowd may remember a time when if you used the item at the wrong time, you literally could not progress. Used all the healing apples and now this guy wants an apple to unlock the next part of the game except... there are no apples left in the entire game. That's a thing that happened. The gamers who played those games remember that shit. Your JRPG style game, where you exchange money for potions to stay alive, many players have been trained to think in terms of "If I still need potions, I need to grind more in this area because I'm too underleveled" - because they often are. So give'em out like candy. Killed a critter? It dropped a potion. Cleared a room? Magic scroll falls out of the background. Sure, it doesn't have to happen every time, but if it happens often enough, the player will start trusting that they can suck down a couple potions or use some scrolls in this fight because they'll get a few back when it's over. The other alternative is regular moments where the player has to empty their inventory completely. Not in a "Must insert potions to proceed" because that'll just make them hoard more, but in a "You can only take five items with you, you have 30. The rest are just gone" sort of way. | My first question would be: why do you need potions in your game? If the answer is something along the lines "to heal up between battles", then maybe you don't need an inventory item at all. Make a fountain of health, rechargeable health item, or just regular ol' regenerate health outside of combat. These are all ways to get the player back to being ready for the next encounter, and they don't have to worry about inventory tetris. If your answer is something along the lines of "to heal up during battles", maybe make a system where enemies drop a healing item that works when you touch it, maybe health on regenerates when your character is in a specific stance, or maybe healing happens when you perform good counter atetras. These are all ways you could use to use healing as well as pushing the players towards specific play styles. If your answer is something like "to create tactical choices during battle", it will be a bit harder to remove potions but not impossible. One method might be to instead put the healing capabilities on a specific character you need to have with you. Or maybe healing only comes in the form of an AoE spell so you have to be standing in the right place to heal. Or another might be to just have healing be an action everyone can take but it leaves you vulnerable. Or perhaps characters that are healing are just out of thr current battle for a few moments so they can't do damage. It's all about the trade offs! Speaking of trade offs, if you don't want to do any of these and want to keep your potions as they are, maybe make potions do more than just give health. And I'm not talking about make potions for health and potions that increase damage. I'm talking about combining effects so the only potions in the game are trade offs. Maybe you find a potion that will heal you 50%, but your primary attack is weaker for 10 seconds. Maybe you find a potions that heals you 10% and gives a strength bonus, but it makes you move just a tad slower for 30 seconds. Or maybe you get a potion that heals you 100%, but your armor gets a 50% reduction. You could even make the positive and negative random! With this system you are always weighing your choices, trying to find what is best for right now, or what is best for what character. With a system like this, your health potions turn into more desirable items to use. | answer_2 |
vg15ut | Is it true that experienced hikers lose interest in the views along the way and just want to get to the top? When I hike, I always stop for 10-20 minutes whenever I reach some place with a great view or simply to enjoy the serenity of nature. I went on a medium-level hike in the Alps with a sort of experience friend last week, and he almost never stopped along the way and just kept going. He said he's climbed 20+ mountains and they all looked more or less the same, so it becomes mundane to his eyes. It's true that the view along the train was not particularly breathtaking, but I can't understand going hiking just to get to the top. Does it happen to ya'll too or was my friend just chasing a sense of achievement? | I tend to hurry to the top and then meander and take pictures and enjoy views on the way back down when I am more tired. | I have carried a camera on my hikes for many years now and in the start I would stop every so often to take in the view and photograph. Now however if I am in a place that looks somewhat familiar to all areas I've already hiked many times, I will probably only have one longer break unless there is a beautiful sunset or something else. But if I'm in a new location that is different and I will stop every 5 minutes to take in the view and photograph. I do always have a longer stop anyways if the weather is nice. | answer_1 |
zyzh54 | Ladies, how do you deal with periods while hiking? How do you avoid accumulating too much waste? And what do you do with the waste you end up with? What about hygiene? | A lot of ladies like diva cups, but they weren’t for me. I continuously take my bc to skip my periods. It’s been awesome. | I use a menstrual cup and a backcountry bidet, specifically the culoclean. It fits into most plastic bottles and you can get a pressurized stream to clean out the cup. | answer_2 |
nlrgql | Why aren't more smart switches made like toggle-style traditional light switchs? I think this is more of a technical question. I know there are some out there but the majority seem to be these large flat toggles. Why wouldn't they just stick to a design that's more common and traditional. I ask because I have several 3-way switches in the house. I install the smart switch where the power comes in and leave the second "dumb" switch as is (with this setup you only need one smart switch). So now I have a mish-mash of traditional toggles and the newer flat toggles and sometimes I find myself trying to toggle the push-button and push the toggle. It's annoying. | Honestly I just started ripping out the old style dumb switches and replacing them with the flat rockers, for a dumb switch we're talking $2 per switch + a few dollars for a new cover. There's a few places in my house where I still have the older style switches + toggle switches like this: https://www.getzooz.com/zooz-zen23-24-toggle-switch.html Bathrooms, and sink in my kitchen (I wanted to leave the dishwasher and garbage disposal on the older style switches), otherwise everything is the new rocker style. | I use regular switches with the sonoff mini (or equivalent) hidden. | answer_1 |
9ag7pf | 1.5 years later - any fix to the Ring Doorbell phoning China? About 1.5 years ago, it was discovered that the Ring Doorbell was "phoning home" to China. Has the issue been fixed in the new doorbells and is there a fix for the existing ones? Especially now that they're owned by Amazon. There was a big uproar when it was first brought up, then nothing since then. I had just bought a Ring Pro for a really good price, but not sure whether or not it's worth keeping. Original thread on issue: https://www.reddit.com/r/homeautomation/comments/5xa0h1/ring_pro_doorbell_calling_china/ | Listen for traffic in WireShark, block with firewall. Pi-Hole should work as well, if this thing is using hostnames and not IPs | The issue has been fixed: https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2017/03/22/this-smart-doorbell-was-accidentally-sending-data-to-china-until-people-started-freaking-out/#13cd2c3a5984 | answer_2 |
hnz572 | If I like challenging PC games that offer a lot of customization on how you can play (building your own playstyle), WWIL Examples of some games I've liked: \- Dark Souls games for the challenge and diverse character builds you can develop \- Strategy games like Civ and Stellaris because there is deep strategy and so many ways to play, with creativity involved in building your empire \- Sometimes sandbox games like Minecraft or Factorio, though they can be a bit too open ended \- I also enjoyed Witcher 3 a lot, mostly because of the immersion it offered I'm open to pretty much any genre of game. | I would recommend Hades. It is ultimately a roguelike, but there are so many customisation options throughout that you can really play it however you like. I realised this when the advice my partner was giving trying to give me was completely the opposite of how I like playing the game. You get a few different weapon choices as well, and all of those weapons are customisable. It's really fun and can get really brutal depending on how you play. (Also currently on sale on Steam!) | I started playing The Forest recently. I find it pretty difficult and unforgiving. Maybe that might be your style? | answer_1 |
v3bqjf | I want to learn how to be a human compass. My dad always knows what cardinal direction he's facing and where north is. And when he doesn't, all he needs is a look out of the window. I've asked him how he does this, but he says he doesn't know how, he just does. Is there any way to learn this skill? | It’s the sun | Thank you for your contribution to /r/IWantToLearn. If you think this post breaks our policies, please report it and our staff team will review it as soon as possible. Also, check out our sister sub /r/IWantToTeach and our Discord server! *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/IWantToLearn) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
2q2qoq | [Cali] My car was totaled by an uninsured driver and I spent 5 days in the hospital. If I sue her can I have the hospital bill reverted to her name so that if she doesn't pay it ruins her instead of me? 3 moths ago my car was t-boned on drivers side at an intersection and I was taken to the hospital where I stayed for 5 days with 4 fractures in my hips and sub dermal bleeding in my head. After filing with her insurance they have now denied the claim stating she wasn't insured for the car she was driving at the time. There is a police report with witnesses showing her at fault. If I take her to court and she has no money is it possible that the bills can just be handed over to her so that it ruins her credit instead of mine? I'm being told the bill will be $100,000 +. I had no health insurance and only personal liability. I'm looking at lawyers but what if she has no money than what good does it do me of I win the case? I just don't want to file bankruptcy because of her. Thank you! | You mention a number of times that she wasn't insured for that vehicle, but it's unclear if you verified anyone had insurance on that vehicle. Was it registered in her name and just not insured or did it belong to someone else? If it's the latter and that someone else had insurance, then likely they are responsible because insurance follows the car not the driver. (Unless CA is weird, also I am not a lawyer) | *I am a bot whose sole purpose is to improve the timeliness and accuracy of responses in this subreddit.* --- **It appears you forgot to include your location in the title or body of your post.** **Please update the original post to include this information.** --- Report Inaccuracies Here | Author | answer_1 |
y9y46z | What’s stopping a malicious user from putting sudo in there code and running it as sudo (new Linux user) I’m a new Linux user and this has been a burning question for me I really don’t get what’s stopping someone from putting sudo in there code and a running malicious script | A couple of things. There’s a sudo user group call sudoers. To use sudo you have to be a member of that group and call it explicitly and then validate. A script could attempt to call it, but you’d then have to enter your password, which should give you pause…actually that should stop you dead in your tracks. The idea is that a human calls sudo when executing a trusted script that needs the permission. Not that the script calls sudo and the user then trusts the script and gives it the permissions it wants to do god knows what. Also, if it’s in the wild, meaning a script you found online, and it has a call to sudo in it, it should be shutdown by the community hosting it or some explanation of why a call to sudo is hanging out mid script should be provided. Community policing for insecure open source software certainly is not perfect, as a large percentage of the users don’t have the technical know how to participate meaningfully in that area and can’t be expect to, but it’s a very powerful feature of open source. Anyway, you should never escalate privileges without both a good reason and a good understanding of what you expect to happen. When in doubt, run it in a VM. | Because it would ask for your password. | answer_1 |
upb31w | The last shop that did my oil change put the filter on incorrectly and it destroyed my engine what can I do? My girlfriend (GF) has a Ford Escape 2015 and the engine just died on her suddenly. We took it to a shop and they said that she needed a completely new engine and the culprit as the last shop that did her oil change. They didn't properly but the filter on and this caused the engine to break (details of how this works I don't know). Her car broke down closer to my place so we got her car towed her friend's mechanic. That mechanic said the same thing. We were told by the oil shop that if we can prove via reports from both mechanics that it was the oil shop's fault then they can file an insurance claim and reimburse my GF for her new engine and the labor costs. We haven't heard from them since we filed the reports, but I really want to get my GF reimbursed for her new engine and the labor to install it. What can I do?! | Talk to your insurance and see if they can help. Escalate at the oil change place. If a chain, go to corporate. If not, talk to the owner. Take them to small claims court. Don’t need a lawyer, but there is a limit. | I see a layer in your future, and court dates (likely with a magistrate). | answer_1 |
w3l41w | Movies with special effects that weren't just ahead of their time, but were considered damn-near impossible? Are there any movies that had special effects that weren't just innovative or more ambitious than their contemporaries, but were so much better than anything else out there, that people couldn't believe their eyes? | **Jaws** (1975) everyone thought they were looney for wanting to make a shark crack a boat in half. Countless special effects technicians said there was no way to do this full size until the guy (I forget his name) who did the giant squid for Disney's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea said "sure it could be done" Well the shark hardly worked because they were using pneumatics rather than oil pistons. The resort town Martha's Vineyard were worried about the film crew polluting the waters so they had to build the shark to run clean, which meant it filled with water and sunk to the bottom of the channel The fact the shark worked and as well as it did is honestly a miracle | Terminator 2: Judgement Day The morphing effects may not look that great by todays standards, but I think they were pretty revolutionary back in 1991. Also the split head or torso of the T1000 are still really impressive I think | answer_2 |
58ol0x | What is this controversy surrounding Gary Johnson all about? I know there was a few instances of him not knowing important facts but i don't know the specifics. i also saw a gif where he said "i guess i'm having another apollo moment". I have no idea what any of this means, could someone fill me in? | someone asked him about Aleppo, a city central in the Syrian conflict, and he said he didn't know what Aleppo was. Latter he explained he thought they were still talking about US military matters and thought it was an acronym for something, and of course he knows what aleppo is. Alter someone asked him to name his favorite world leader, and when he drew a blank he called it an Aleppo moment More recently he's been upset because in the last debate Clinton referred to Mosel as "a sunni city on the boarder with syria" and no one is taking her to task over that Mosel is 75 miles away from the boarder; not on it. | In an interview with MSNBC, Gary Johnson was asked what he thought about the situation in Aleppo, which IIRC is one of the largest cities in Syria (please correct me if I'm wrong), but Johnson thought that Aleppo was an acronym and was thoroughly confused about it. Johnson was interviewed again by MSNBC alongside his VP Bill Weld and was asked if there was a foreign leader that he admires, to which Johnson say there trying to answer the question, with his reply being the Aleppo moment quite. | answer_1 |
xxncn8 | what's going on with all the apparent fall of Cinemassacre? Just now seeing all these videos on YouTube saying there's backlash or plagiarism. https://youtu.be/EmC5Zte5RnM | Answer: r/thecinemassacretruth has been growing over time and (in between making memes) shedding light on some events that have occurred over the last few years with Cinemassacre, one of which being the plagiarism. One of James' writers plagiarized an article while writing last year's Monster Madness, which James later recorded the script for without checking it. People took issue with it as his explanation/apology video was taken to be half-hearted, especially since he posted it as an unlisted video on his second channel with comments disabled, prompting people to believe he was trying to sweep it under the rug. Not to mention, he took no responsibility for it and shifted blame to the unnamed writer even though he is the final say regarding what makes it to YouTube, so people argued he could've checked the script to verify its originality before releasing it. Among other things that have been discussed regarding the "downfall" include: - Mike Matei posting a couple sexual posts to Cinemassacre's official Twitter. - Kyle Justin and Bootsy's quiet and sudden departure. - Screenwave coming in for a time to help produce episodes, which some have taken issue with due to what people believe to be an unusual and uncharismatic cast who suddenly started appearing in videos with no introduction. - The apparent decline in quality of AVGN and Cinemassacre overall following the movie's failure. - Justin Silverman from Screenwave continuing to be in contact with his former co-host, a man convicted and currently incarcerated for possessing child pornography. | Friendly reminder that all **top level** comments must: 1. start with "answer: ", including the space after the colon (or "question: " if you have an on-topic follow up question to ask), 2. attempt to answer the question, and 3. be unbiased Please review Rule 4 and this post before making a top level comment: http://redd.it/b1hct4/ Join the OOTL Discord for further discussion: https://discord.gg/ejDF4mdjnh *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/OutOfTheLoop) if you have any questions or concerns.* | answer_1 |
gdbi1v | Looking for tips with fetch and playing "keep away" We've been trying to train fetch with our 5 month old corgi for a few months now and are looking for some pointers to help guide the process along. There's a couple of different things that we are having issues with, but the main one is that he will run after a toy most of the time, but every time you think he's bringing it back, he runs past you and expects you to chase him for the toy. Some things we've tried: * Calling him to come back in return for treats, but if he hears "come here" he'll usually drop the toy when he comes back to us, and I'm pretty sure he thinks he's just being given a treat for recall training * Putting your hand under his mouth when he's holding the toy and asking for a "drop it," but then he growls and runs to a few feet away, although once I do get my hands on the toy he gets super excited for me to throw it again, so I'm pretty sure this is him playing a game with us * Ignoring him and ending play time when he runs away, but then he'll happily continue chewing on the toy by himself * Keeping the toy on a leash, but he didn't seem very interested in it - we might try this with another toy. I've seen people say to keep the dog on the leash instead, but we haven't tried this yet He's also extremely food motivated and not that toy motivated (unless it's a new toy) so if he sees that we have treats, sometimes he won't even run after the toy anymore and will just sit by our feet looking up at us (since we usually give treats for doing standard commands). Any tips would be helpful! Puppy tax | Having many of the same problems with my sheepdog. He has a decent toy drive paired with an intense food drive to the point that his kibble can make him overexcited. Does your dog like tug of war? Mine is pretty keen on the game. I am using tug to help teach ‘take it’ and ‘drop it.’ If he takes without being instructed or doesn’t drop as instructed, play stops until he drops it, then I can give a food reward and try again. Once he has those commands figured out, I’ll transition him to fetching the tug toy - with a short tug of war session being the reward for retrieving the toy. Then I can ask him to drop it, reward with a treat, and throw the toy again. | Hi fellow corgi momma here- the urge to chase is real! Ive found the "dead toy" method to be really helpful. Our puppy wants to be chased so as soon as she gets close to us with the toy we will take one end and push it to the ground, hold it still, and make it as boring as possible until she releases (saying drop it as she does). When she releases I give her a small piece of a high value treat (chicken or cheese). Also, this sounds so obvious, but if your pup loves to be chased then play tag! I trained my pup with key words (always saying ready steady go before chasing her) so she knows the difference between "playing tag" and "running away from mom like a dick". | answer_2 |
w27kbk | how do you trim your pups nails without traumatizing them… title is an exaggeration but my pup hates getting her nails trimmed. 5 month old pit lab, is usually good, but my god she hates it. she’ll bite and chew on your hand and move her paw so much that we’ll accidentally hurt her. we’ve tried to do it when she’s sleeping and that doesn’t work either. she moves her paws so much that the last two times we attempted she ended up bleeding and getting puppy blood everywhere. her nails are super long and touch the ground and are just sharp as fuck and hurt like hell. any tips? | My pup was the same way until recently, when I discovered the magic of silicone lick mats. I stick yogurt on one side, applesauce on the other, freeze it and stick it to the ground. You can also use pumpkin puree or peanut butter He used to move his paws and jerk them away, or bite my hands when I tried to clip but with a lick mat on the floor, he couldn't care less. I can lift his paws and carefully clip while he's distracted. I was able to get all four paws done in a few minutes and puppy got a tasty snack while I did so! Honestly all the advice I've read about getting puppy familiar with the clippers and not afraid of them didn't work at all for me over WEEKS of trying to get him used to it. But the lick mat worked like a charm. Note: Lick mat used to work for bath time, but doesn't really help much anymore. So there is the potential that the novelty will wear off | dremel all the way!!! he didn’t love it at first, so i just did small interactions to start him off. now he literally falls asleep in my arms getting his nails done, like a spa day 😂 | answer_1 |
rk10gw | Can you describe how is the feeling of running a marathon compared to a half-marathon? So, I want to say that I used to run a half-marathon every Saturday and what I feel after two hours and a good cold shower is a mix of laughing and crying, cold good chills, no hungry at all, a blessed mood, etc. Feels like nothing else matters. So, you marathon runners, how do you describe it? Half marathoners can tell if you relate with my description. | Miles 0 to 12: a half marathon of effort Miles 12 to 20: another half marathon of effort Miles 20 to 26.2: a third half marathon of effort But, to me the hardest thing about marathons is the weekly training miles. For me, I can be reasonably fit for a half marathon with about 20 mile weeks: a 4 mile tempo run, a 6 mile race pace, and a 10 mile long run. My body feels good with 20 mile weeks. Building up to a long training run of 20-22 miles is a whole different fight. Running 15 miles on a Saturday knowing you need to be back out for 17 the next weekend. And that followed by 19, and another over 20 before you begin a taper. It's a lot. | How do you feel about stairs? I never have to walk backwards down stairs after a half. Every single marathon walking up each step is a monumental achievement for 2 days. The day after, I generally have to go downstairs backwards. There is a transcendent level of pain and tiredness the last 6 miles of a full. Don’t believe me. Watch people at mile 12 of a half and then mile 24 of a full. | answer_1 |
x4dkie | Is an emotional story possible in a short story? I read an article explaining that for a good short story it can’t be super structure based and emotional as it’s too small amount of time to develop characters and a concise story. Now I disagree I think it’s super possible to create a successful emotional short story. Thoughts? | Find me a good short story that isn’t emotional? Legend has it that someone bet Ernest Hemingway he couldn’t write a compelling short story in 6 words. He wrote: For sale: baby shoes, never worn. | Watch pretty much any episode of Bluey, lol | answer_2 |
z0y8n6 | How important are B,C,D story arcs in horror? I'm working on a script for college and I have a great idea but it's mainly just an A story arc of the protagonist. I can squeeze in some unnecessary arcs if need be but unless I really think about them I doubt they'll add much to the story other than run time/word count. I've read and watched plenty of horrors that are linear. Some horror premises are so bare bones you wonder who approved them. Any tips would be great. | IMHO B/C/etc. story arcs should only exist as a way to solidify the overall theme or to progress the main story in a clever fashion. Take A Quiet Place - A pretty bare-bones story of post-apocalyptic survival amidst creatures who hunt by sound. The B plot in this film is Lee (Krasinski) trying to figure out better ways to protect his family. This leads him to create a new hearing aid for his daughter. This B plot later comes full circle when his daughter uses the hearing aid as a weapon to fight the monsters. It flips that theme of parenthood/saving your children - the child saves their parent. Subplots in film are merely tools used to better compliment the main story by adding extra layers of emotion/motifs. | If a story works, a story works. | answer_1 |
yoqa46 | How do I open a grocery store co-op in a food desert? I want to open a few health store co-ops in underrepresented neighborhoods. I want black/ brown communities to have access to affordable, fresh, locally grown produce. I would love to start community gardens that’s attached to the grocery store co-ops. I want to provide free breakfast and dinner to the children in the neighborhood as well, and teach the community how to garden/farm. I would love for this to be a nonprofit and the goal is to have multiple grocery stores throughout the country. I have the idea I just don’t know where or how to start. | Powerball. If you win you can almost afford all of that. You'll need a small army to assist you. | Any of your ideas will be very hard. But step one for all of them will be finding the location. Food independence requires a lot of land, if you wqnt home grown to generate a significant portion of calories, then you can do it in high population density. Your not growing food in the city's except as a fun hobby to get a little fresh basil. Healthy food is often expensive food. You can't sell expensive food to poor people. Healthy cheap food, is not trivial to prepare. Cooking classes might have a lot of value. Rice, beans, potatoes, flour. these are reasonably healthy foods and are very cheap. | answer_1 |
uulhbj | Does anyone else have trouble with motivation during a long trip? So this is my first solo trip and im going to be traveling for a total of 3 months. Im a month and a half in already and though I’m super happy to be here I’ve gotten really tired. I’m finding it hard to motivate myself to go out and try to see anything new. Ive spent entire days in the hostel instead of doing what I originally planned. Is this a common experience for other people as well? And of so do you have any advice on how to overcome it? Although im realizing this trip is a bit long for how I would like to travel in the future, I know its going to be years before i’m going to be able to travel like this again. So i’m going to try to take advantage of this trip while I can. | Definitely normal. I take a break ever 2-4 DAYS, sleep in a day, write, read, even watch TV. I need to regroup and get my energy on point again. No pressure ever on anything I feel like doing. If my mind needs it I'll give it a break, if my body aches I won't push it. Love yourself and listen to your mind and body it is your own temple. Peace and safe travels. | Yeah gotta decompress, 3 months is a long time to be go go go. Take some mellow days to ramp up for fun stuff | answer_1 |
lw9o8t | How do you get enough sleep when staying in hostels? Hi everyone, I just want to know if you try and stick to a sleep routine when you’re travelling or do you just wake up naturally? Recently I’ve got into a sleep routine where I go bed and wake up at the same time and I do feel like it’s helped but I’m just wondering how can I stick to my routine when I go travelling and staying in hostels, especially when I’d be drinking and staying out late. Has anyone managed to get round this dilemma? | I make sure I walk over 20k steps a day when I'm exploring a new city prior to sleeping at the local hostels. By the end of the day you're too tired to care & you'll just pass out on your assigned bed | Seroquel | answer_1 |
n04s7y | Why is Home Depot so highly valued? I was looking at the the list of the public companies with the highest market caps, and was really surprised to see that Home Depot is the 22nd most valuable company in the world right now. It's bigger than Target, Goldman Sachs, BP, and HP combined at a value of over 1/3 of a trillion USD. I suppose they're doing good business but that good? I guess really only think of them as the retail chain - is that only a small part of their business model? What explains their market cap? Or are they just overvalued | Hard to sell lumber, wood, bricks, bags of concrete, etc. online which means even companies like Amazon which is online based would find hard to come in and compete. Some things people just need to visit bricks & mortar shop not the same virtually. | I don’t know how many times I have left Home Depot, gotten in my car and drove away, then realized I forgot to get something else. I can’t be the only one. They have good stock on hand in store that’s current on their website/app per location, covers everything from garden to appliances, and has been supplying small contractors and DIY-er’s for decades. They do what works and they do it well. | answer_1 |
5ced9n | A book that starts as Fallout 4: with the main character witnessing a nuclear explosion Title pretty much self explanatory. I'm curious mostly as to how the author portrays the feeling of dread at witnessing such an event or something similar, line an asteroid explosion. I'm not looking for a genre in particular; it can be a sci-fi, speculative fiction, post-apoc or alternative history. I'm more curious to relive the feelings I would have while witnessing such an event. | Another great book that doesn't quite meet your standards is A Canticle for Leibowitz. Revolves around a religious order which tries to preserve scientific knowledge after a nuclear war led society to purge most knowledge. The book jumps through thousands of years as society rebuilds and is excellent. | Harry Turtlefove's 'Hot War' alternate history series has this galore. Departs from our history in that WW3 is touched off by the Korean War gone nuclear in 1950. Lots of characters witness lots of atoms being split :) | answer_2 |
zwfis6 | Series where the protagonist is the bad guy Is there any book series where the protagonist is the bad guy but we don’t realize it until late in the series/several books in? That we we root for the protagonist until we slowly realize they aren’t as noble as we thought? | If you’re okay with manga, you might like {{attack on Titan vol 1}} If not maybe {{ender’s game}} | Not a series, but 6000 pages long. The webnovel Worm is pretty much that, but it's not that much of a late twist that the protagonist is a villain. | answer_1 |
mw429s | Explain to me why I'm losing my job OK, not actually losing my job but struggling to understand how I might. I see a lot of doom and gloom posts about how the position of sysadmin is dying. How "if you can't IaC you're already dead", "MPSs will do it all" etc etc. So I'm sat here, admittedly in an SMB thinking that I cannot see how the fine level of detail and assistance required by my role/business and a comparatively small infrastructure, could be replaced by a cheaper and faster responding alternative. I appreciate there is contention as to actual definition of SysAdmin and some go so far as to say that the term "IT generalist" is more appropriate for many organisations - while my heart finds the latter an insult to both my experience and certification, maybe it is correct. We're still hugely self hosted, all designed, configured, maintained and developed internally but The Cloud is coming for us all. I feel upcoming MS licencing formats have seen to this if it wasn't already inevitable. However even after the majority of our infrastructure leaves our premises I still see a good deal of roles remaining. So while I agree that my next significant learning will be cloud oriented I just don't see what others are claiming to be the case. Is it the scale of business? Could it be a downsizing of internal IT departments rather than destruction? Will my users learn to potty train and wipe? | As the saying goes... tech will not replace sysadmins. Sysadmins who adapt to new tech will replace sysadmins who don’t. Being an SMB, we view sysadmin as a critical part of our ops now and in the future. Relax, but don’t get complacent. | Tablets replaced desktops and laptops 10 years ago too, you know. But, more seriously, in many cases, that "replaced by a cheaper and faster responding alternative." isn't what's expected. It's *just* cheaper, sometimes cheaper and more comprehensive. At the end of the day, one man shops are *often* better served by having an MSP either as a fall-back, or, frankly, as a replacement. It's not quicker to initial response by any measure, but it *is* quicker in total issue resolution times, since, in general, more hands available means more can be done in parallel, so that project the lone wolf's been sitting on for 6 months wouldn't be waiting for the break-fix fires to be put out every day, etc. As more systems move outside the enterprise, into more standardized services, MSPs win big simply because the consistency's already there, and adding customers just means numbers, rather than wholly different systems to deal with. For small shops, if the cloud works for them, they don't *need* in-house IT, most times. That doesn't mean the field's going away entirely, but the "all I know how to do is click these same 3 buttons in a GUI every day" admin that refuses to learn any automation, etc, very likely *will* be dwindling down over the next decade, at least at any organization that bothers to do the math on the bottom line. It's not terribly different from the shift to virtualization that came before it. There's still little corners for those afraid of that layer of abstraction, but they're few, far between, and generally a sign of a place that's enough behind the times that it'll likely not be a great work environment, just as it's questionable on the tech side. | answer_1 |
hrlee6 | Can I lay my pc on its side with the motherboard upside down for a while? Hi, everyone. I've been reading some posts if its alright to put a pc case on its side, and what I've gathered is that its alright to do so as long as the motherboard isn't upside down. However, I wanna flip it one way where the motherboard would have to be upside down, because the heatsink fan has come a bit loose and making noise , and I figured if I put it on its side, gravity would pull the fan down and cause it to wobble less. I've already ordered a new fan and it should come in a week. Just wondering if my pc would be fine in the meantime because the noise is really irking me. Thanks in advance! :) | It shouldve be a problem unless you have a heavy cooler that'll break off. Just hold the cooler and motherboard together | I mean, all the electricity is obviously gonna leak out, but otherwise... | answer_2 |
8hqmbj | My gpu fan is so fast that the whole pc will soon fly away pls help. When i started my pc today the GPU fan was going insane. it sounds like a hellicopter is in my room at all time now. Is there a way to turn it down? I have tried different softwares but none seem to work. | I would go into the Bios and check what temp your CPU is on. Perhaps your fan is trying to compensate for heat? | Huh well figure out what the temp is if it’s still low then it might of manually set itself to high speed I had a similar issue with my cpu fan. | answer_2 |
wje8ur | TV show that could be watched from last to first episode Hi, I really like Christopher Nolan's movie "Memento". In this movie, protagonist suffers from short term memory loss. Unique thing about this film is that it's timeline is reversed (at the beginning we see how the whole story ends and then we progressively learn what caused events shown in previous scene to happen). This simulates main character's problems with memory and I find it very clever and interesting. Now here's my crazy idea Does someone know a TV series that would make sense and could surprise me if I watched it from the finale to the pilot? | no clue. maybe try it with Stranger things or Breaking Bad? if you want that backwards/non-linear story telling and you are open to video games, Check out To the Moon and Return of the Obra Dinn | Maybe How to Get Away With Murder? | answer_2 |
5z4wvy | What are the exotic places to visit in Oceania apart from Australia and New Zealand I have been searching different places to visit in Oceania if possible considering there are 25 countries present within that region (although only 13 have population above 100k - 2013 census) but all I get info is about Solomon Islands, Fiji and Crooks Island (I have purposely excluded Australia and New Zealand), I intend to look for a little different and more exotic rather than normal tourist destinations and if possible. Stay would not be longer than 2 weeks and although I prefer it not to be expensive but no issue even if it is | I've only been to Fiji and I would definitely recommend. all these other small islands mentioned are beautiful too. Not really exotic but Tasmania (part of Aus) was one of my favourite places ever - https://youtu.be/3vmHaN-UWeg | I've been to all the independent nations in South Pacific (but not all the territories). Tokelau and Pitcairn take some effort to get to. Most of the rest you can fly to at least once a week. Christmas Island in Kiribati has a once-a-week flight as a stop between Fiji and Honolulu. Palau was amazing, Tuvalu was also better than expected but got lucky and met up with a few other travelers. Pohnpei had Nan Madol ruins. Samoa was enjoyable as well. | answer_2 |
v0jin2 | How much of a difference does the color of UPF clothing matter? How much of a difference does the color of UPF clothing matter? Dark colors are supposed to be better at preventing the sun from reaching your skin than light colors. Let's say there are two identical UPF 50+ shirts; one is white or light grey and the other is black or navy. Does the light colored shirt or the dark colored shirt protect you from the sun more or is the difference negligible? Most UPF clothing tend to come in light colors from what I've seen. | Some manufacturers rate the same product spf 50 or 30 depending on the color. I just saw this. Can try to figure out who it was. Darker colors were higher spf. | With respect to heat, there are three forms of heat conduction: conduction, convection & radiation. The hard part about radiation is that it is highly dependent on emmisivity, and that determineds how much energy is absorbed (with 1 being a perfect black body). But it is tricky as snow is almost a black body with an emmisivity of 0.8-0.9. Polished silver has an emissivity of 0.02. This means that silver is reflecting the light which is good with respect to UPF & heat. To truely know, you would need to know the emissivity of the fabric. My 2 cents. | answer_1 |
u6mbnf | Ultralight for non-thruhikers How do you think ultralight works best for the majority of us who will never thru-hike a major trail? So often discussion around light/ultralight is done from a thru-hiker perspective, or trying to put ourselves in the place of thru-hikers. But there is much more to dropping pack weight than the narrow, if grand, objectives of thru-hiking. Here are a few thoughts of mine on other equally valid trip objectives where light/ultralight can be very helpful, but My question: what other objectives or goals do you, yourself have where going lighter is useful, but not necessarily in the same way that thru-hikes do? Here are my examples. What are yours? \- **Packrafting**. Your rafting gear alone weighs 6 - 10 lbs, so your total packweight for overnight trips cannot be ultralight. But reducing the weight of all your camping gear is going to make it easy to carry the water-sport gear! \- **Trips With No Resupply**. When going out for 7, 10, or even 14 days without resupply, you will need to carry a lot of food. Even using the lightest, highest-calorie reasonable diet, you will likely need 20 - 24 oz of food per day. Lighten up the rest of your gear so that you can carry your food! \- **Dry Trips**. If hiking in desert or on prolonged high ridges with no water available, you may need to carry pounds, not ounces, of water with you. You will need to minimize the weight of your other gear. \- **Aging**. The older we get, the less weight we are able to carry comfortably. We may actually need some heavier luxury gear to sleep comfortably, such as thick sleeping pads and soft pillows. But we want to offset that weight by reducing the weight of the other gear we carry. I'd like to hear your thoughts. | For me ultralight is important because I’m very petite so as a percentage of my total body weight a regular pack weight is too much. | I did ultralight for years and am not a thru hiker. They are different pursuits. I don't understand what motivates a thru hiker. All of my trips were better bc of ul except when I compromised on my sleep system too much. I mostly did 7-9 day trips and one 15d trip; none with stops in town. | answer_1 |
vwenp2 | What to do with grains? I'm sure I'm not the only one here who'll often cook just a pot full of some grain - oats, barley, buckwheat, whatever. So, I'm wondering, what do you guys do with these grains to season them and make them tastier than just a bunch of plain grains? I'm in particular interesting in relatively simple seasonings and condiments, rather than whole recipes that combine these grains with other foods that require a lot of preparation. | I usually use barley in mixed soups. | Broth concentrate, dried fruit and nuts - apricot and almonds are my current favorites, but dates, roasted red peppers, and pistachio are good too. Look at Hello Fresh or Green Chef menus. They have a lot of ideas. | answer_1 |
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