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709.0535 | Constructing packings in Grassmannian manifolds via alternating
projection | This paper describes a numerical method for finding good packings in
Grassmannian manifolds equipped with various metrics. This investigation also
encompasses packing in projective spaces. In each case, producing a good
packing is equivalent to constructing a matrix that has certain structural and
spectral properties. By alternately enforcing the structural condition and then
the spectral condition, it is often possible to reach a matrix that satisfies
both. One may then extract a packing from this matrix.
This approach is both powerful and versatile. In cases where experiments have
been performed, the alternating projection method yields packings that compete
with the best packings recorded. It also extends to problems that have not been
studied numerically. For example, it can be used to produce packings of
subspaces in real and complex Grassmannian spaces equipped with the
Fubini--Study distance; these packings are valuable in wireless communications.
One can prove that some of the novel configurations constructed by the
algorithm have packing diameters that are nearly optimal.
| math.MG | this paper describes a numerical method for finding good packings in grassmannian manifolds equipped with various metrics this investigation also encompasses packing in projective spaces in each case producing a good packing is equivalent to constructing a matrix that has certain structural and spectral properties by alternately enforcing the structural condition and then the spectral condition it is often possible to reach a matrix that satisfies both one may then extract a packing from this matrix this approach is both powerful and versatile in cases where experiments have been performed the alternating projection method yields packings that compete with the best packings recorded it also extends to problems that have not been studied numerically for example it can be used to produce packings of subspaces in real and complex grassmannian spaces equipped with the fubinistudy distance these packings are valuable in wireless communications one can prove that some of the novel configurations constructed by the algorithm have packing diameters that are nearly optimal | [['this', 'paper', 'describes', 'a', 'numerical', 'method', 'for', 'finding', 'good', 'packings', 'in', 'grassmannian', 'manifolds', 'equipped', 'with', 'various', 'metrics', 'this', 'investigation', 'also', 'encompasses', 'packing', 'in', 'projective', 'spaces', 'in', 'each', 'case', 'producing', 'a', 'good', 'packing', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'constructing', 'a', 'matrix', 'that', 'has', 'certain', 'structural', 'and', 'spectral', 'properties', 'by', 'alternately', 'enforcing', 'the', 'structural', 'condition', 'and', 'then', 'the', 'spectral', 'condition', 'it', 'is', 'often', 'possible', 'to', 'reach', 'a', 'matrix', 'that', 'satisfies', 'both', 'one', 'may', 'then', 'extract', 'a', 'packing', 'from', 'this', 'matrix', 'this', 'approach', 'is', 'both', 'powerful', 'and', 'versatile', 'in', 'cases', 'where', 'experiments', 'have', 'been', 'performed', 'the', 'alternating', 'projection', 'method', 'yields', 'packings', 'that', 'compete', 'with', 'the', 'best', 'packings', 'recorded', 'it', 'also', 'extends', 'to', 'problems', 'that', 'have', 'not', 'been', 'studied', 'numerically', 'for', 'example', 'it', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'produce', 'packings', 'of', 'subspaces', 'in', 'real', 'and', 'complex', 'grassmannian', 'spaces', 'equipped', 'with', 'the', 'fubinistudy', 'distance', 'these', 'packings', 'are', 'valuable', 'in', 'wireless', 'communications', 'one', 'can', 'prove', 'that', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'novel', 'configurations', 'constructed', 'by', 'the', 'algorithm', 'have', 'packing', 'diameters', 'that', 'are', 'nearly', 'optimal']] | [-0.09596369781479971, 0.11062483775195169, -0.10509530992955655, 0.05225270064304829, -0.054456248345207764, -0.15928605712230312, -0.014981369978599708, 0.43513452524942076, -0.26320706886964984, -0.26283516068342916, 0.12369524836225972, -0.2593275517442384, -0.21311592847463087, 0.20540235815512622, -0.08868686528590743, 0.10100904173943345, 0.07259310726819138, 0.030024790216488708, -0.08167621654214086, -0.27326890949354127, 0.2996325036810791, 0.030754911284779477, 0.2590323546729936, 0.04749779022395885, 0.1044528528625157, -0.0019206122718065793, 0.025712486499337696, 0.10042121192302504, -0.15132210732420173, 0.12952432611620088, 0.29833959567537705, 0.1348032824840808, 0.22794576985418705, -0.3917429454830344, -0.2166431307438418, 0.16862098325295316, 0.13171428342441246, 0.0498253763339088, -0.04674131250254627, -0.2366917289184989, 0.14396411262772565, -0.11025367860405197, -0.10309564365656829, -0.14170517024949789, -0.006048697855414971, 0.03990572546408769, -0.26322521765550677, 0.009230958758153456, 0.029484013446886663, 0.012175970200872037, -0.07506338290961607, -0.10506792972721388, 0.020630045293293254, 0.12046213778867129, -0.004908432908344762, 0.04952089353093157, 0.08988798458837659, -0.05345713735830919, -0.11329289202355534, 0.40999173416407564, 0.024498274207023756, -0.2609133833113692, 0.19224326804771655, -0.10174579444438493, -0.17023878673411494, 0.16651485002159708, 0.15673606163190756, 0.11874592429429773, -0.1299546573131111, 0.07349847539248047, -0.12951191547726698, 0.14177108206857636, 0.10135931459232662, 0.01320062883689634, 0.15146938828248646, 0.14750431981966175, 0.1361532867721859, 0.1754778319465545, -0.029203422778954536, -0.09729669906128986, -0.23993804842873584, -0.14878378609378187, -0.20973377070743934, 0.03143218149542823, -0.1222882402851532, -0.15858159321960222, 0.3487252402433588, 0.10126691415943091, 0.2132501829175587, 0.07739721064347248, 0.28148620243489947, 0.04075378915752096, 0.06451542907040224, 0.09004911927483474, 0.2327406773883978, 0.1600042952116053, 0.04469532800975479, -0.13108423716378645, 0.035627966296024896, 0.09724941242634794] |
709.0536 | Quantum Gravity Corrections to the One Loop Scalar Self-Mass during
Inflation | We compute the one loop corrections from quantum gravity to the
self-mass-squared of a massless, minimally coupled scalar on a locally de
Sitter background. The calculation was done using dimensional regularization
and renormalized by subtracting fourth order BPHZ counterterms. Our result
should determine whether quantum gravitational loop corrections can
significantly alter the dynamics of a scalar inflaton.
| gr-qc astro-ph hep-th | we compute the one loop corrections from quantum gravity to the selfmasssquared of a massless minimally coupled scalar on a locally de sitter background the calculation was done using dimensional regularization and renormalized by subtracting fourth order bphz counterterms our result should determine whether quantum gravitational loop corrections can significantly alter the dynamics of a scalar inflaton | [['we', 'compute', 'the', 'one', 'loop', 'corrections', 'from', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'to', 'the', 'selfmasssquared', 'of', 'a', 'massless', 'minimally', 'coupled', 'scalar', 'on', 'a', 'locally', 'de', 'sitter', 'background', 'the', 'calculation', 'was', 'done', 'using', 'dimensional', 'regularization', 'and', 'renormalized', 'by', 'subtracting', 'fourth', 'order', 'bphz', 'counterterms', 'our', 'result', 'should', 'determine', 'whether', 'quantum', 'gravitational', 'loop', 'corrections', 'can', 'significantly', 'alter', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'a', 'scalar', 'inflaton']] | [-0.13946945533940666, 0.22559702085951963, -0.14281059661063186, 0.131986871855987, -0.09948543152003958, -0.1720155043151687, -0.034910982458856314, 0.2268208856939485, -0.1473065376804586, -0.26979170105697814, 0.025937443460223444, -0.29661338831902595, -0.1402468449485145, 0.1367462212546614, -0.029282817698753717, 0.04038430895787059, 0.021682470522232745, 0.07527012185177259, -0.0638655467906542, -0.30731671460364995, 0.3794670625213991, 0.09147233391393042, 0.190369941882397, 0.01983632415271642, 0.09117000670531732, 0.009206965598359443, -0.06623104168919094, 0.040691095273614974, -0.11365868732039082, 0.05177753174824542, 0.15911817745501666, 0.004081923735180968, 0.19133467491912215, -0.39130014040621747, -0.25384710021643786, 0.1011633574717531, 0.17015599816416702, 0.21209597940916164, 0.0071906960352830455, -0.30446996271871685, 0.04236307282719696, -0.1888307789504005, -0.16727004036013232, -0.1292206564664906, -0.11242929239054783, -0.18474565291156372, -0.24867470180125614, 0.07545288975693677, -0.0548824956967381, -0.06387288713206847, -0.02676727050984801, -0.023666622460280593, -0.058044746203609464, 0.10513400915487293, 0.06241312022974486, 0.09049891945987679, 0.2007055726033031, -0.15232666983157336, -0.14385679080314412, 0.4020889331504964, -0.2023713394783523, -0.2424992918641421, 0.06359782836220243, -0.1585301841576502, -0.11615898655400726, 0.1210228399487964, 0.11648931036899357, 0.1723911019466948, -0.16820634729964168, 0.24005620534380637, 0.11425690897822119, 0.1758997813847504, 0.1310844302765633, -0.02569525254269441, 0.2693492481648399, -0.0021608745466852397, 0.0002553147639621768, 0.14545267160262979, 0.0030063471650672064, -0.14008821608302624, -0.42351131242487516, -0.13410983221572742, -0.13281827899341456, 0.11029729573464576, -0.1523556133582596, -0.23048681605672627, 0.38199420472639695, 0.13351504094061328, 0.0759813904991014, 0.032243193290604835, 0.30014871590231595, 0.14081697879571534, 0.10263216449764737, 0.08095799937125361, 0.3151804287836217, 0.17334993079451747, 0.07354760204703269, -0.3245979262671123, -0.10848284027490177, 0.19518415613524748] |
709.0537 | Modeling core collapse supernovae in 2 and 3 dimensions with spectral
neutrino transport | The overwhelming evidence that the core collapse supernova mechanism is
inherently multidimensional, the complexity of the physical processes involved,
and the increasing evidence from simulations that the explosion is marginal
presents great computational challenges for the realistic modeling of this
event, particularly in 3 spatial dimensions. We have developed a code which is
scalable to computations in 3 dimensions which couples PPM Lagrangian with
remap hydrodynamics [1], multigroup, flux-limited diffusion neutrino transport
[2], with many improvements), and a nuclear network [3]. The neutrino transport
is performed in a ray-by-ray plus approximation wherein all the lateral effects
of neutrinos are included (e.g., pressure, velocity corrections, advection)
except the transport. A moving radial grid option permits the evolution to be
carried out from initial core collapse with only modest demands on the number
of radial zones. The inner part of the core is evolved after collapse along
with the rest of the core and mantle by subcycling the lateral evolution near
the center as demanded by the small Courant times. We present results of 2-D
simulations of a symmetric and an asymmetric collapse of both a 15 and an 11 M
progenitor. In each of these simulations we have discovered that once the
oxygen rich material reaches the shock there is a synergistic interplay between
the reduced ram pressure, the energy released by the burning of the shock
heated oxygen rich material, and the neutrino energy deposition which leads to
a revival of the shock and an explosion.
| astro-ph | the overwhelming evidence that the core collapse supernova mechanism is inherently multidimensional the complexity of the physical processes involved and the increasing evidence from simulations that the explosion is marginal presents great computational challenges for the realistic modeling of this event particularly in 3 spatial dimensions we have developed a code which is scalable to computations in 3 dimensions which couples ppm lagrangian with remap hydrodynamics 1 multigroup fluxlimited diffusion neutrino transport 2 with many improvements and a nuclear network 3 the neutrino transport is performed in a raybyray plus approximation wherein all the lateral effects of neutrinos are included eg pressure velocity corrections advection except the transport a moving radial grid option permits the evolution to be carried out from initial core collapse with only modest demands on the number of radial zones the inner part of the core is evolved after collapse along with the rest of the core and mantle by subcycling the lateral evolution near the center as demanded by the small courant times we present results of 2d simulations of a symmetric and an asymmetric collapse of both a 15 and an 11 m progenitor in each of these simulations we have discovered that once the oxygen rich material reaches the shock there is a synergistic interplay between the reduced ram pressure the energy released by the burning of the shock heated oxygen rich material and the neutrino energy deposition which leads to a revival of the shock and an explosion | [['the', 'overwhelming', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'core', 'collapse', 'supernova', 'mechanism', 'is', 'inherently', 'multidimensional', 'the', 'complexity', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'processes', 'involved', 'and', 'the', 'increasing', 'evidence', 'from', 'simulations', 'that', 'the', 'explosion', 'is', 'marginal', 'presents', 'great', 'computational', 'challenges', 'for', 'the', 'realistic', 'modeling', 'of', 'this', 'event', 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709.0538 | Markov-Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Simulations of Biomolecules | The computer revolution has been driven by a sustained increase of
computational speed of approximately one order of magnitude (a factor of ten)
every five years since about 1950. In natural sciences this has led to a
continuous increase of the importance of computer simulations. Major enabling
techniques are Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD)
simulations.
This article deals with the MCMC approach. First basic simulation techniques,
as well as methods for their statistical analysis are reviewed. Afterwards the
focus is on generalized ensembles and biased updating, two advanced techniques,
which are of relevance for simulations of biomolecules, or are expected to
become relevant with that respect. In particular we consider the multicanonical
ensemble and the replica exchange method (also known as parallel tempering or
method of multiple Markov chains).
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft | the computer revolution has been driven by a sustained increase of computational speed of approximately one order of magnitude a factor of ten every five years since about 1950 in natural sciences this has led to a continuous increase of the importance of computer simulations major enabling techniques are markov chain monte carlo mcmc and molecular dynamics md simulations this article deals with the mcmc approach first basic simulation techniques as well as methods for their statistical analysis are reviewed afterwards the focus is on generalized ensembles and biased updating two advanced techniques which are of relevance for simulations of biomolecules or are expected to become relevant with that respect in particular we consider the multicanonical ensemble and the replica exchange method also known as parallel tempering or method of multiple markov chains | [['the', 'computer', 'revolution', 'has', 'been', 'driven', 'by', 'a', 'sustained', 'increase', 'of', 'computational', 'speed', 'of', 'approximately', 'one', 'order', 'of', 'magnitude', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'ten', 'every', 'five', 'years', 'since', 'about', '1950', 'in', 'natural', 'sciences', 'this', 'has', 'led', 'to', 'a', 'continuous', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'computer', 'simulations', 'major', 'enabling', 'techniques', 'are', 'markov', 'chain', 'monte', 'carlo', 'mcmc', 'and', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'md', 'simulations', 'this', 'article', 'deals', 'with', 'the', 'mcmc', 'approach', 'first', 'basic', 'simulation', 'techniques', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'methods', 'for', 'their', 'statistical', 'analysis', 'are', 'reviewed', 'afterwards', 'the', 'focus', 'is', 'on', 'generalized', 'ensembles', 'and', 'biased', 'updating', 'two', 'advanced', 'techniques', 'which', 'are', 'of', 'relevance', 'for', 'simulations', 'of', 'biomolecules', 'or', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'become', 'relevant', 'with', 'that', 'respect', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'multicanonical', 'ensemble', 'and', 'the', 'replica', 'exchange', 'method', 'also', 'known', 'as', 'parallel', 'tempering', 'or', 'method', 'of', 'multiple', 'markov', 'chains']] | [-0.07130908764963549, 0.12481862457146994, -0.06330284738696103, 0.06563508068649028, -0.025675812266991102, -0.11664333941653035, 0.021437892529245158, 0.42683535520183413, -0.2737348473602836, -0.33560528430284203, 0.16199765734801672, -0.26700315598566504, -0.13422158731259687, 0.24349590903848298, 0.005177138012630823, 0.10660909107165005, 0.11546759331542858, 0.01555234214809156, -0.07864406283881824, -0.2607525194053279, 0.24221015060530568, 0.10929026197960698, 0.2782551489518325, -0.021523215842986464, 0.10913829793943498, 0.0169624162179635, -0.08113671474235791, 0.02429782265282579, -0.14261889624212654, 0.15238240290314128, 0.23204882148149095, 0.12235735256848086, 0.3437104041835195, -0.4339651800716152, -0.23657905237917276, 0.11102444212095938, 0.18169182200068817, 0.14308980237902666, -0.03497721947277931, -0.23053757020769486, 0.064959610590039, -0.20569145253726415, -0.1104128465329514, -0.0953550581527958, -0.030351259906713227, 0.07127762859323084, -0.21078807651940593, 0.06974043454988019, 0.026294460549033283, 0.11935979932462587, 0.04204723304767806, -0.15323311379494467, 0.03276999097464508, 0.11543361759566023, 0.07394098397344351, 0.046201920607722456, 0.14808810285696955, -0.08059361015264421, -0.2028199074285707, 0.3759151469299892, -0.021858720349575065, -0.16251418482218133, 0.23791392964724087, -0.07155382094372596, -0.1909933479089654, 0.13373091088649922, 0.16188292306518756, 0.12199229413041271, -0.158770031036627, 0.07601361867273226, 0.03662756781086774, 0.1429418204702381, 0.026873415434046796, -0.04362815058671106, 0.18687754846353055, 0.208598558474122, 0.03526191351781214, 0.14481415811057827, -0.07511528238612122, -0.2223207486996469, -0.20359079926528556, -0.17949173525255874, -0.1953120367405446, 0.03160203729241498, -0.0733429279684525, -0.15950123407646902, 0.35151928241707775, 0.19980266500642346, 0.1261707166195812, 0.03492007897624088, 0.29978070230244247, 0.07739101570271152, 0.035749043903446624, 0.027249538864856374, 0.18376516255189462, 0.15179849510725335, 0.10036095854287085, -0.17406935642974072, 0.07410837392518788, 0.03477628564784177] |
709.0539 | Causal sets and conservation laws in tests of Lorentz symmetry | Many of the most important astrophysical tests of Lorentz symmetry also
assume that energy-momentum of the observed particles is exactly conserved. In
the causal set approach to quantum gravity a particular kind of Lorentz
symmetry holds but energy-momentum conservation may be violated. We show that
incorrectly assuming exact conservation can give rise to a spurious signal of
Lorentz symmetry violation for a causal set. However, the size of this spurious
signal is much smaller than can be currently detected and hence astrophysical
Lorentz symmetry tests as currently performed are safe from causal set induced
violations of energy-momentum conservation.
| gr-qc | many of the most important astrophysical tests of lorentz symmetry also assume that energymomentum of the observed particles is exactly conserved in the causal set approach to quantum gravity a particular kind of lorentz symmetry holds but energymomentum conservation may be violated we show that incorrectly assuming exact conservation can give rise to a spurious signal of lorentz symmetry violation for a causal set however the size of this spurious signal is much smaller than can be currently detected and hence astrophysical lorentz symmetry tests as currently performed are safe from causal set induced violations of energymomentum conservation | [['many', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'astrophysical', 'tests', 'of', 'lorentz', 'symmetry', 'also', 'assume', 'that', 'energymomentum', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'particles', 'is', 'exactly', 'conserved', 'in', 'the', 'causal', 'set', 'approach', 'to', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'a', 'particular', 'kind', 'of', 'lorentz', 'symmetry', 'holds', 'but', 'energymomentum', 'conservation', 'may', 'be', 'violated', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'incorrectly', 'assuming', 'exact', 'conservation', 'can', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'a', 'spurious', 'signal', 'of', 'lorentz', 'symmetry', 'violation', 'for', 'a', 'causal', 'set', 'however', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'this', 'spurious', 'signal', 'is', 'much', 'smaller', 'than', 'can', 'be', 'currently', 'detected', 'and', 'hence', 'astrophysical', 'lorentz', 'symmetry', 'tests', 'as', 'currently', 'performed', 'are', 'safe', 'from', 'causal', 'set', 'induced', 'violations', 'of', 'energymomentum', 'conservation']] | [-0.1684249390406078, 0.1967924238296644, -0.07712979110109867, 0.1483471415454655, -0.1716752189724725, -0.14045402349200936, -0.016287271705532104, 0.28131585788665986, -0.19603814549710868, -0.3307283033607338, 0.05645241204777504, -0.2492450850122437, -0.08844700092402268, 0.16629349635153703, -0.0211404426574555, 0.07848553386711686, 0.004903284167604787, 0.05771533831626139, -0.07767329989856452, -0.18011103498236258, 0.2857489232829183, 0.07018239258631721, 0.2983797779686901, 0.04736744071718077, 0.11957024016930741, -0.05578425322060606, -0.029740055443300883, 0.09890850673771787, -0.04543774599302679, 0.015208024643860492, 0.23640830174316557, 0.16487827468473387, 0.18473231745883822, -0.4620179328307205, -0.2181731565149824, 0.18028344123681284, 0.10698192137084445, 0.161509001646571, -0.05955486445288573, -0.3067137291393604, 0.06441848888893478, -0.16524131917299664, -0.1521510370218252, -0.10921168901330354, 0.019173173994130016, -0.08990001157567627, -0.2716681873520874, 0.1737417154063409, 0.07397289798899116, 0.04246064451314053, -0.031093536562533403, -0.06002531596459448, -0.06319946147815077, 0.04336226462595621, 0.15865113680745113, -0.0018492740464909952, 0.1541144315590512, -0.1062935442183813, -0.10635035340579188, 0.4815156928795789, 0.023817825183831867, -0.24351626035890409, 0.15983244382339168, -0.18056442860361874, -0.20418887428597224, 0.11663551992565697, 0.13524425616582894, 0.07558157495508085, -0.2178189547979558, 0.09090214588486932, -0.07251294234729543, 0.13398262942970104, 0.11316127415119233, 0.08981238645786534, 0.2344907376706144, 0.04260959152883033, 0.09337442622897785, 0.06876532505480193, -0.03522887352701961, -0.06452742648520032, -0.44223328067788054, -0.15766264970666177, -0.21553001962412072, 0.14204945325689886, -0.1017255885525053, -0.10977729867991744, 0.3245610967468546, 0.17874212646310464, 0.1014718924915152, 0.034656389994185646, 0.2531193725821771, 0.11323551612247461, 0.14244209925824663, 0.09364316867170286, 0.31339100243200607, 0.11119746868213524, -0.004399802813743602, -0.22632290473996605, 0.07923405370389928, 0.046767592914782614] |
709.054 | Implications of very rapid TeV variability in blazars | We discuss the implications of rapid (few-minute) variability in the TeV flux
of blazars, which has been observed recently with the HESS and MAGIC
telescopes. The variability timescales seen in PKS 2155-304 and Mrk 501 are
much shorter than inferred light-crossing times at the black hole horizon,
suggesting that the variability involves enhanced emission in a small region
within an outflowing jet. The enhancement could be triggered by dissipation in
part of the black hole's magnetosphere at the base of the outflow, or else by
instabilities in the jet itself. By considering the energetics of the observed
flares, along with the requirement that TeV photons escape without producing
pairs, we deduce that the bulk Lorentz factors in the jets must be >50. The
distance of the emission region from the central black hole is less
well-constrained. We discuss possible consequences for multi-wavelength
observations.
| astro-ph | we discuss the implications of rapid fewminute variability in the tev flux of blazars which has been observed recently with the hess and magic telescopes the variability timescales seen in pks 2155304 and mrk 501 are much shorter than inferred lightcrossing times at the black hole horizon suggesting that the variability involves enhanced emission in a small region within an outflowing jet the enhancement could be triggered by dissipation in part of the black holes magnetosphere at the base of the outflow or else by instabilities in the jet itself by considering the energetics of the observed flares along with the requirement that tev photons escape without producing pairs we deduce that the bulk lorentz factors in the jets must be 50 the distance of the emission region from the central black hole is less wellconstrained we discuss possible consequences for multiwavelength observations | [['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'implications', 'of', 'rapid', 'fewminute', 'variability', 'in', 'the', 'tev', 'flux', 'of', 'blazars', 'which', 'has', 'been', 'observed', 'recently', 'with', 'the', 'hess', 'and', 'magic', 'telescopes', 'the', 'variability', 'timescales', 'seen', 'in', 'pks', '2155304', 'and', 'mrk', '501', 'are', 'much', 'shorter', 'than', 'inferred', 'lightcrossing', 'times', 'at', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'horizon', 'suggesting', 'that', 'the', 'variability', 'involves', 'enhanced', 'emission', 'in', 'a', 'small', 'region', 'within', 'an', 'outflowing', 'jet', 'the', 'enhancement', 'could', 'be', 'triggered', 'by', 'dissipation', 'in', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'black', 'holes', 'magnetosphere', 'at', 'the', 'base', 'of', 'the', 'outflow', 'or', 'else', 'by', 'instabilities', 'in', 'the', 'jet', 'itself', 'by', 'considering', 'the', 'energetics', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'flares', 'along', 'with', 'the', 'requirement', 'that', 'tev', 'photons', 'escape', 'without', 'producing', 'pairs', 'we', 'deduce', 'that', 'the', 'bulk', 'lorentz', 'factors', 'in', 'the', 'jets', 'must', 'be', '50', 'the', 'distance', 'of', 'the', 'emission', 'region', 'from', 'the', 'central', 'black', 'hole', 'is', 'less', 'wellconstrained', 'we', 'discuss', 'possible', 'consequences', 'for', 'multiwavelength', 'observations']] | [-0.1052476322789952, 0.16535116285899357, -0.02874802094293942, 0.16700881933481893, -0.08273818575068784, -0.08103091073301162, 0.003334910966272295, 0.42330014825024653, -0.17902573848694142, -0.34844445311267613, 0.0841362244354456, -0.28260733781080744, 0.020343894215995893, 0.23572417968575857, -0.023322062434064567, -0.04709188064599646, 0.054355855089199115, -0.0653289237492521, -0.04387966011245866, -0.1780637060603599, 0.2918749457261276, 0.1521621230960181, 0.16542557412824055, 0.039038776243794183, 0.09610767770168359, -0.07401170109851207, -0.011367980968764603, -0.022575853733529508, -0.08323478034256201, 0.05822005884354593, 0.18587064776490902, 0.11349137412535, 0.21099622285763756, -0.3979103653478554, -0.27802116141825073, 0.07251465304282864, 0.185453144590777, 0.025054924290883025, -0.02925621905846974, -0.2886228437214093, 0.05007681431589832, -0.2181707288664897, -0.17753436659384048, 0.10108873946920142, 0.08548797526672272, -0.018108934485419115, -0.18525249004022967, 0.13577503562760604, 0.022206656905350237, 0.04610497101405176, -0.11804884601659862, -0.023155874972769493, -0.0818090838327689, 0.04492929161847635, 0.1810929350092561, 0.059432134037168405, 0.19948141772667288, -0.13988086941297834, -0.14758278160646204, 0.3718896446795478, -0.009385826442129156, -0.025225857325213055, 0.19069515164731674, -0.2903370171970635, -0.1870167536438036, 0.22887258886189107, 0.14372738439370025, 0.11625280388152148, -0.1147633926355949, 0.01518133620757767, -0.01567678733951819, 0.2011170996357949, 0.04729912766422683, 0.10496991531411842, 0.32304484163686426, 0.13646011478857886, 0.016967945915817375, 0.15771742276093123, -0.2189745779746068, -0.010960527433780953, -0.30146234970979235, -0.06796797606307016, -0.13913200440829698, 0.1325965652662054, -0.1288216795805517, -0.05704835821992495, 0.38276667930153, 0.08292191524163518, 0.23652714103932532, -0.02995295302768592, 0.2632632714440904, 0.10245481509925194, 0.10891225032547724, 0.1912404729814177, 0.418361219262678, 0.0779380987211406, 0.1341646404963144, -0.22371824394981624, 0.0790499186841771, 0.031246649184178982] |
709.0541 | Soft Spin Wave Near nu=1: Evidence for a Magnetic Instability in
Skyrmion Systems | The ground state of the two dimensional electron gas near $\nu$=1 is
investigated by inelastic light scattering measurements carried down to very
low temperatures. Away from $\nu$=1, the ferromagnetic spin wave collapses and
a new low-energy spin wave emerges below the Zeeman gap. The emergent spin wave
shows soft behavior as its energy increases with temperature and reaches the
Zeeman energy for temperatures above 2 K. The observed softening indicates an
instability of the two dimensional electron gas towards a magnetic order that
breaks spin rotational symmetry. We discuss our findings in light of the
possible existence of a Skyrme crystal.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | the ground state of the two dimensional electron gas near nu1 is investigated by inelastic light scattering measurements carried down to very low temperatures away from nu1 the ferromagnetic spin wave collapses and a new lowenergy spin wave emerges below the zeeman gap the emergent spin wave shows soft behavior as its energy increases with temperature and reaches the zeeman energy for temperatures above 2 k the observed softening indicates an instability of the two dimensional electron gas towards a magnetic order that breaks spin rotational symmetry we discuss our findings in light of the possible existence of a skyrme crystal | [['the', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'dimensional', 'electron', 'gas', 'near', 'nu1', 'is', 'investigated', 'by', 'inelastic', 'light', 'scattering', 'measurements', 'carried', 'down', 'to', 'very', 'low', 'temperatures', 'away', 'from', 'nu1', 'the', 'ferromagnetic', 'spin', 'wave', 'collapses', 'and', 'a', 'new', 'lowenergy', 'spin', 'wave', 'emerges', 'below', 'the', 'zeeman', 'gap', 'the', 'emergent', 'spin', 'wave', 'shows', 'soft', 'behavior', 'as', 'its', 'energy', 'increases', 'with', 'temperature', 'and', 'reaches', 'the', 'zeeman', 'energy', 'for', 'temperatures', 'above', '2', 'k', 'the', 'observed', 'softening', 'indicates', 'an', 'instability', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'dimensional', 'electron', 'gas', 'towards', 'a', 'magnetic', 'order', 'that', 'breaks', 'spin', 'rotational', 'symmetry', 'we', 'discuss', 'our', 'findings', 'in', 'light', 'of', 'the', 'possible', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'skyrme', 'crystal']] | [-0.20146769412106252, 0.27627235458541943, -0.0465704523497215, 0.0717692200225861, -0.02191343843835489, -0.13377869001469841, 0.07297250430680591, 0.34416738962109134, -0.23515505316012567, -0.29244536484619327, 0.014923309399008678, -0.30719091816076843, -0.024528443061811202, 0.16306210191699094, 0.14045647265323502, -0.004200055531922285, -0.0678251410124473, 0.0260767045529965, -0.1550066316630553, -0.13218676776505342, 0.3195067871601717, 0.044986911288619334, 0.27953512692999205, 0.11745269972794127, 0.0937181734871857, 0.010029006435877025, 0.12853029651548897, -0.006559063357734444, -0.14706275155942133, -0.017018264943346528, 0.24019125378275713, -0.07714608149363263, 0.1865388655131406, -0.42407108752960615, -0.23151503842655974, 0.005059071844167049, 0.13843072454749358, 0.174464155984397, -0.04897841059667344, -0.26902839668224204, -0.030223385329441268, -0.14128798713428106, -0.25065515677002026, -0.09399330714431656, -0.031516196335306265, -0.04241970596122694, -0.21006013925583794, 0.1512693992036736, 0.09106365865382302, 0.06457768743949951, -0.1384558620191834, -0.14955848786233011, -0.12636245073667626, 0.01042756761682432, 0.11124804607444987, 0.08685551570857515, 0.1660867402811839, -0.1538135975544251, -0.09589808181592144, 0.3334726335868092, -0.07479663369635416, -0.027182116523606352, 0.19261220179147798, -0.21588669768488494, -0.08625195408384038, 0.26770590827569807, 0.1062646595349692, 0.03833160388495515, -0.07107285662821614, 0.04661344977627084, -0.011819392433049997, 0.19458920392668852, 0.06624625449871073, 0.06065140426329494, 0.2966218447441807, 0.2252920523912895, 0.03467179517178695, 0.14992356287444583, -0.21690141028231286, -0.049597855261411736, -0.24954743292367104, -0.13061150405002703, -0.23129332133126215, 0.10956287226022457, -0.06141254145134526, -0.09616434614217004, 0.38614948755960066, 0.11847390945756457, 0.18359994946024358, -0.013519244612019398, 0.26274721523617756, 0.14365971663339747, 0.03532639990035113, 0.09206950840987449, 0.30422542068074543, 0.1898256577124893, 0.1268232172945201, -0.3584339078815451, -0.05013437415150428, -0.018400338908316254] |
709.0542 | The largest oxigen bearing organic molecule repository | We present the first detection of complex aldehydes and isomers in three
typical molecular clouds located within 200pc of the center of our Galaxy.
We find very large abundances of these complex organic molecules (COMs) in
the central molecular zone (CMZ), which we attribute to the ejection of COMs
from grain mantles by shocks. The relative abundances of the different COMs
with respect to that of CH3OH are strikingly similar for the three sources,
located in very different environments in the CMZ. The similar relative
abundances point toward a unique grain mantle composition in the CMZ. Studying
the Galactic center clouds and objects in the Galactic disk having large
abundances of COMs, we find that more saturated molecules are more abundant
than the non-saturated ones. We also find differences between the relative
abundance between COMs in the CMZ and the Galactic disk, suggesting different
chemical histories of the grain mantles between the two regions in the Galaxy
for the complex aldehydes. Different possibilities for the grain chemistry on
the icy mantles in the GC clouds are briefly discussed. Cosmic rays can play an
important role in the grain chemistry. With these new detections, the molecular
clouds in the Galactic center appear to be one of the best laboratories for
studying the formation of COMs in the Galaxy.
| astro-ph | we present the first detection of complex aldehydes and isomers in three typical molecular clouds located within 200pc of the center of our galaxy we find very large abundances of these complex organic molecules coms in the central molecular zone cmz which we attribute to the ejection of coms from grain mantles by shocks the relative abundances of the different coms with respect to that of ch3oh are strikingly similar for the three sources located in very different environments in the cmz the similar relative abundances point toward a unique grain mantle composition in the cmz studying the galactic center clouds and objects in the galactic disk having large abundances of coms we find that more saturated molecules are more abundant than the nonsaturated ones we also find differences between the relative abundance between coms in the cmz and the galactic disk suggesting different chemical histories of the grain mantles between the two regions in the galaxy for the complex aldehydes different possibilities for the grain chemistry on the icy mantles in the gc clouds are briefly discussed cosmic rays can play an important role in the grain chemistry with these new detections the molecular clouds in the galactic center appear to be one of the best laboratories for studying the formation of coms in the galaxy | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'detection', 'of', 'complex', 'aldehydes', 'and', 'isomers', 'in', 'three', 'typical', 'molecular', 'clouds', 'located', 'within', '200pc', 'of', 'the', 'center', 'of', 'our', 'galaxy', 'we', 'find', 'very', 'large', 'abundances', 'of', 'these', 'complex', 'organic', 'molecules', 'coms', 'in', 'the', 'central', 'molecular', 'zone', 'cmz', 'which', 'we', 'attribute', 'to', 'the', 'ejection', 'of', 'coms', 'from', 'grain', 'mantles', 'by', 'shocks', 'the', 'relative', 'abundances', 'of', 'the', 'different', 'coms', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'that', 'of', 'ch3oh', 'are', 'strikingly', 'similar', 'for', 'the', 'three', 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709.0543 | Stellar Wind Accretion in GX301-2: Evidence for a High-density Stream | The X-ray binary system GX301-2 consists of a neutron star in an eccentric
orbit accreting from the massive early-type star WRAY 977. It has previously
been shown that the X-ray orbital light curve is consistent with existence of a
gas stream flowing out from Wray 977 in addition to its strong stellar wind.
Here, X-ray monitoring observations by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE)/
All-Sky-Monitor (ASM) and pointed observations by the RXTE/ Proportional
Counter Array (PCA) over the past decade are analyzed. We analyze both the flux
and column density dependence on orbital phase. The wind and stream dynamics
are calculated for various system inclinations, companion rotation rates and
wind velocities, as well as parametrized by the stream width and density. These
calculations are used as inputs to determine both the expected accretion
luminosity and the column density along the line-of-sight to the neutron star.
The model luminosity and column density are compared to observed flux and
column density vs. orbital phase, to constrain the properties of the stellar
wind and the gas stream. We find that the change between bright and medium
intensity levels is primarily due to decreased mass loss in the stellar wind,
but the change between medium and dim intensity levels is primarily due to
decreased stream density. The mass-loss rate in the stream exceeds that in the
stellar wind by a factor of 2.5. The quality of the model fits is significantly
better for lower inclinations, favoring a mass for WRAY 977 of 53 to 62 Msun.
| astro-ph | the xray binary system gx3012 consists of a neutron star in an eccentric orbit accreting from the massive earlytype star wray 977 it has previously been shown that the xray orbital light curve is consistent with existence of a gas stream flowing out from wray 977 in addition to its strong stellar wind here xray monitoring observations by the rossi xray timing explorer rxte allskymonitor asm and pointed observations by the rxte proportional counter array pca over the past decade are analyzed we analyze both the flux and column density dependence on orbital phase the wind and stream dynamics are calculated for various system inclinations companion rotation rates and wind velocities as well as parametrized by the stream width and density these calculations are used as inputs to determine both the expected accretion luminosity and the column density along the lineofsight to the neutron star the model luminosity and column density are compared to observed flux and column density vs orbital phase to constrain the properties of the stellar wind and the gas stream we find that the change between bright and medium intensity levels is primarily due to decreased mass loss in the stellar wind but the change between medium and dim intensity levels is primarily due to decreased stream density the massloss rate in the stream exceeds that in the stellar wind by a factor of 25 the quality of the model fits is significantly better for lower inclinations favoring a mass for wray 977 of 53 to 62 msun | [['the', 'xray', 'binary', 'system', 'gx3012', 'consists', 'of', 'a', 'neutron', 'star', 'in', 'an', 'eccentric', 'orbit', 'accreting', 'from', 'the', 'massive', 'earlytype', 'star', 'wray', '977', 'it', 'has', 'previously', 'been', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'xray', 'orbital', 'light', 'curve', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'gas', 'stream', 'flowing', 'out', 'from', 'wray', '977', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'its', 'strong', 'stellar', 'wind', 'here', 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709.0544 | The Many Computations Interpretation (MCI) of Quantum Mechanics | Computationalism provides a framework for understanding how a mathematically
describable physical world could give rise to conscious observations without
the need for dualism. A criterion is proposed for the implementation of
computations by physical systems, which has been a problem for
computationalism. Together with an independence criterion for implementations
this would allow, in principle, prediction of probabilities for various
observations based on counting implementations. Applied to quantum mechanics,
this results in a Many Computations Interpretation (MCI), which is an explicit
form of the Everett style Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI). Derivation of the
Born Rule emerges as the central problem for most realist interpretations of
quantum mechanics. If the Born Rule is derived based on computationalism and
the wavefunction it would provide strong support for the MWI; but if the Born
Rule is shown not to follow from these to an experimentally falsified extent,
it would indicate the necessity for either new physics or (more radically) new
philosophy of mind.
| quant-ph | computationalism provides a framework for understanding how a mathematically describable physical world could give rise to conscious observations without the need for dualism a criterion is proposed for the implementation of computations by physical systems which has been a problem for computationalism together with an independence criterion for implementations this would allow in principle prediction of probabilities for various observations based on counting implementations applied to quantum mechanics this results in a many computations interpretation mci which is an explicit form of the everett style many worlds interpretation mwi derivation of the born rule emerges as the central problem for most realist interpretations of quantum mechanics if the born rule is derived based on computationalism and the wavefunction it would provide strong support for the mwi but if the born rule is shown not to follow from these to an experimentally falsified extent it would indicate the necessity for either new physics or more radically new philosophy of mind | [['computationalism', 'provides', 'a', 'framework', 'for', 'understanding', 'how', 'a', 'mathematically', 'describable', 'physical', 'world', 'could', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'conscious', 'observations', 'without', 'the', 'need', 'for', 'dualism', 'a', 'criterion', 'is', 'proposed', 'for', 'the', 'implementation', 'of', 'computations', 'by', 'physical', 'systems', 'which', 'has', 'been', 'a', 'problem', 'for', 'computationalism', 'together', 'with', 'an', 'independence', 'criterion', 'for', 'implementations', 'this', 'would', 'allow', 'in', 'principle', 'prediction', 'of', 'probabilities', 'for', 'various', 'observations', 'based', 'on', 'counting', 'implementations', 'applied', 'to', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'this', 'results', 'in', 'a', 'many', 'computations', 'interpretation', 'mci', 'which', 'is', 'an', 'explicit', 'form', 'of', 'the', 'everett', 'style', 'many', 'worlds', 'interpretation', 'mwi', 'derivation', 'of', 'the', 'born', 'rule', 'emerges', 'as', 'the', 'central', 'problem', 'for', 'most', 'realist', 'interpretations', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'if', 'the', 'born', 'rule', 'is', 'derived', 'based', 'on', 'computationalism', 'and', 'the', 'wavefunction', 'it', 'would', 'provide', 'strong', 'support', 'for', 'the', 'mwi', 'but', 'if', 'the', 'born', 'rule', 'is', 'shown', 'not', 'to', 'follow', 'from', 'these', 'to', 'an', 'experimentally', 'falsified', 'extent', 'it', 'would', 'indicate', 'the', 'necessity', 'for', 'either', 'new', 'physics', 'or', 'more', 'radically', 'new', 'philosophy', 'of', 'mind']] | [-0.07495694035230754, 0.059742923406719335, -0.17374777354434742, 0.11671345443874832, -0.1352503004735746, -0.17129592190689916, 0.08009935945452559, 0.3103410425250354, -0.22351740004052553, -0.2988286930950558, 0.08196937608966054, -0.19867030448579, -0.15829818895959394, 0.23676161648289729, -0.0893217131390043, 0.040725340953231465, 0.06320912225476508, 0.05698949358965645, -0.036211131743899304, -0.20676119163714396, 0.2820114623074297, 0.0874006892008994, 0.28698909478906376, 0.08027001927202602, 0.08557757425680976, 0.025704138511030365, -0.018444981079683318, 0.013024104735667601, -0.07586063626339459, 0.12033874351009961, 0.26889532993828774, 0.23999135842716685, 0.2994341489466481, -0.4634111463648718, -0.21041685094527532, 0.08460801575368024, 0.12361507171489673, 0.13695592752001803, -0.027356715842590185, -0.28164669953333504, 0.052232233376927534, -0.17102404422296574, -0.1603242344070671, -0.1187324313909612, 0.03251011620873129, -0.08590694106002368, -0.2457877413044631, 0.040394926093717885, 0.09118151070942528, 0.042691522910488104, -0.03780409826241059, -0.10479529715676165, 0.07517654575779448, 0.0995867435817472, 0.003668708036966335, -0.005733894752397103, 0.09886611533005657, -0.13494680675021928, -0.1892439327393102, 0.4270865712490565, 0.02716243384646123, -0.20247514351452672, 0.2060136112110666, -0.08427998340108765, -0.16597547952038874, 0.08577292285560859, 0.08172223875416243, 0.06537336645847035, -0.18048054025268312, 0.031650933571402924, -0.05842141762270399, 0.1488720937017, 0.04129482942205742, 0.05348535632654591, 0.2838668272238951, 0.1301771715735876, 0.010875072672160683, 0.050475506858794754, -0.01766390300285563, -0.15871468557736035, -0.32612635417835517, -0.17528271833313894, -0.1673551787323547, 0.08992546891258026, -0.03024404759527222, -0.17227380232553807, 0.305314204844488, 0.19361509328251178, 0.15616878149620955, 0.05684760867167007, 0.2619324003715279, 0.12209486389026022, 0.08701869610802464, 0.027405771482501576, 0.2617218781953806, 0.1345113635197891, 0.09949043108173793, -0.14620067071500556, 0.13239612408661805, 0.07210826138678775] |
709.0545 | Did supermassive black holes form by direct collapse? | Rapid infall of gas in the nuclei of galaxies could lead to the formation of
black holes by direct collapse, without first forming stars. Black holes formed
in this way would have initial masses of a few solar masses, but would be
embedded in massive envelopes that would allow them to grow at a highly
super-Eddington rate. Thus, seed black holes as large as 10^3-10^4 solar masses
could form very rapidly. I will sketch the basic physics of the direct collapse
process and the properties of the accreting envelopes.
| astro-ph | rapid infall of gas in the nuclei of galaxies could lead to the formation of black holes by direct collapse without first forming stars black holes formed in this way would have initial masses of a few solar masses but would be embedded in massive envelopes that would allow them to grow at a highly supereddington rate thus seed black holes as large as 103104 solar masses could form very rapidly i will sketch the basic physics of the direct collapse process and the properties of the accreting envelopes | [['rapid', 'infall', 'of', 'gas', 'in', 'the', 'nuclei', 'of', 'galaxies', 'could', 'lead', 'to', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'black', 'holes', 'by', 'direct', 'collapse', 'without', 'first', 'forming', 'stars', 'black', 'holes', 'formed', 'in', 'this', 'way', 'would', 'have', 'initial', 'masses', 'of', 'a', 'few', 'solar', 'masses', 'but', 'would', 'be', 'embedded', 'in', 'massive', 'envelopes', 'that', 'would', 'allow', 'them', 'to', 'grow', 'at', 'a', 'highly', 'supereddington', 'rate', 'thus', 'seed', 'black', 'holes', 'as', 'large', 'as', '103104', 'solar', 'masses', 'could', 'form', 'very', 'rapidly', 'i', 'will', 'sketch', 'the', 'basic', 'physics', 'of', 'the', 'direct', 'collapse', 'process', 'and', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'accreting', 'envelopes']] | [-0.10825415694722487, 0.2137199301845551, -0.02954923960620935, 0.14213458032375795, -0.10017680188410738, -0.06223505589681981, 0.04262904484306326, 0.33888756044292717, -0.15710241485680088, -0.34494276181533096, 0.11008653248362034, -0.2503117259089532, -0.0033652780765897772, 0.20929331016423328, -0.028154953100373237, -0.017233432916756927, 0.06896851857433493, -0.05033219902085538, -0.1050843472325693, -0.2541913411114365, 0.34187563083898487, 0.1152116655466262, 0.10485306120571795, -0.030850746402035605, -0.007376324181350764, -0.150709722599203, 0.023634710924678975, -0.02542470395565033, -0.12518808044000396, 0.06149546728793825, 0.23110630325554463, 0.1931839834930103, 0.2747297111003963, -0.4910324274907621, -0.22418307689845227, 0.05522458357841111, 0.2654486594596103, 0.1440019123579946, -0.19254027427372972, -0.21145129290650064, 0.10999367795518358, -0.2582440081057714, -0.19505521696416683, 0.0046374304272401865, 0.06099462334401487, 0.013828051491023114, -0.22726139870964074, 0.11796059341593698, 0.07107822071719036, -0.11876246772622795, -0.08452188735042981, -0.042166649212202666, -0.08444019903564888, 0.10680086311643545, 0.07358288623652881, -0.0020222479707739326, 0.2643399059228348, -0.14607610403340351, -0.02839510160069285, 0.41750927862261283, -0.049917487859244596, -0.03775080144823937, 0.28162297127203323, -0.2803880382392011, -0.13339123594197916, 0.17110470257008845, 0.22061632777658408, 0.18160984399362226, -0.15201846054974902, -0.024231019303677773, 0.010165032951600766, 0.18368722851063762, 0.09804040047057559, 0.09032743667472112, 0.4922887186383766, 0.15459959571030032, -0.009612480113073514, 0.0690320961980484, -0.09889250649485914, -0.048485397049906044, -0.20980930445569285, -0.1611520710893059, -0.1149147381650263, 0.1707686604591861, -0.1368430057621307, -0.15668476056412198, 0.25694372785131164, 0.08457080228254199, 0.24053431766923894, 0.006287056034472719, 0.24505768970221253, 0.04273841807126915, 0.14047536682442166, 0.08851436075618428, 0.36082224337530605, 0.15887334854132756, 0.1308569972706812, -0.17852399451134915, 0.05489998109366619, 0.03654267435914345] |
709.0546 | Vector fields and foliations associated to groups of projective
automorphisms | We introduce and give normal forms for (one-dimensional) Riccati foliations
(vector fields) on $\ov \bc \times \bc P(2)$ and $\ov \bc \times \ov \bc^n$.
These are foliations are characterized by transversality with the generic fiber
of the first projection and we prove they are conjugate {\em in some invariant
Zariski open subset} to the suspension of a group of automorphisms of the
fiber, $\bc P(2)$ or $\ov \bc^n$, this group called {\it global holonomy}. Our
main result states that given a finitely generated subgroup $G$ of $\Aut(\bc P
(2))$, there is a Riccati foliation on $\ov \bc \times \bc P(2)$ for which the
global holonomy is conjugate to $G$.
| math.CV math.DS | we introduce and give normal forms for onedimensional riccati foliations vector fields on ov bc times bc p2 and ov bc times ov bcn these are foliations are characterized by transversality with the generic fiber of the first projection and we prove they are conjugate em in some invariant zariski open subset to the suspension of a group of automorphisms of the fiber bc p2 or ov bcn this group called it global holonomy our main result states that given a finitely generated subgroup g of autbc p 2 there is a riccati foliation on ov bc times bc p2 for which the global holonomy is conjugate to g | [['we', 'introduce', 'and', 'give', 'normal', 'forms', 'for', 'onedimensional', 'riccati', 'foliations', 'vector', 'fields', 'on', 'ov', 'bc', 'times', 'bc', 'p2', 'and', 'ov', 'bc', 'times', 'ov', 'bcn', 'these', 'are', 'foliations', 'are', 'characterized', 'by', 'transversality', 'with', 'the', 'generic', 'fiber', 'of', 'the', 'first', 'projection', 'and', 'we', 'prove', 'they', 'are', 'conjugate', 'em', 'in', 'some', 'invariant', 'zariski', 'open', 'subset', 'to', 'the', 'suspension', 'of', 'a', 'group', 'of', 'automorphisms', 'of', 'the', 'fiber', 'bc', 'p2', 'or', 'ov', 'bcn', 'this', 'group', 'called', 'it', 'global', 'holonomy', 'our', 'main', 'result', 'states', 'that', 'given', 'a', 'finitely', 'generated', 'subgroup', 'g', 'of', 'autbc', 'p', '2', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'riccati', 'foliation', 'on', 'ov', 'bc', 'times', 'bc', 'p2', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'global', 'holonomy', 'is', 'conjugate', 'to', 'g']] | [-0.27901590604300575, 0.08958331072978952, -0.08311304691489096, 0.02699904077949382, -0.06731064562444333, -0.21851308436749536, -0.015234639292531129, 0.38715252215560114, -0.3214498957688058, -0.14930881116608227, 0.11611581675566009, -0.24008032315652128, -0.10054849580477888, 0.16670017993224232, -0.11208746131268088, 0.016314306598225678, 0.0509102073179006, 0.11100029146850661, -0.07727167739304369, -0.2626566923529565, 0.36404981609451137, -0.10164616630343651, 0.21443990657657938, -0.030906706091223493, 0.0862030552363851, 0.011478607948110611, 0.0064497640037357255, -0.03287476471720125, -0.17067033966769588, 0.07456866860620384, 0.23255243773261705, 0.10543354587517334, 0.1450010573801895, -0.34439035487809666, -0.1707038532735573, 0.20059931285989782, 0.15013937287774212, 0.013722367193420522, -0.028621219400385464, -0.3049857886508107, 0.16800623970899592, -0.09108038348818405, -0.15931125104867128, -0.042702709005593704, 0.07883386000887388, 0.021481868276303565, -0.23978921094115963, 0.04042684855974383, 0.08779855595612726, 0.12514402387508503, -0.0026192171822509, -0.13334453703093999, -0.09256854687205136, 0.041306083144499336, -0.005323575990688469, 0.11363419192989736, 0.09122727933437866, -0.04859151729787872, -0.07708359363217217, 0.3992538943162395, -0.033363743857653054, -0.2369766601326841, 0.10137548915938371, -0.1387281554483774, -0.1749240603617013, 0.13051198829068905, 0.11858709418663273, 0.11139297780270378, -0.04770190011994499, 0.13690343759447354, -0.10052522183050988, 0.058023644185191695, 0.09827465319540352, -0.0387207677424023, 0.05275697585333277, 0.07195037724105297, 0.13021709573082194, 0.08073117136006693, 0.009327959151791961, -0.03153396293486434, -0.36289929620990596, -0.20371360537440827, -0.0690409991879556, 0.15312804015249842, -0.09140874103050683, -0.14762575187961813, 0.40538010140018604, -0.01689970363966293, 0.18306805899677178, 0.05706353815104295, 0.21111631076093074, 0.054991754674119875, 0.02474789555977892, 0.12775344289494334, 0.13166700821521873, 0.25334541321326803, -0.014249672317722192, -0.16715002856734726, -0.03241524774219013, 0.1530288915813866] |
709.0547 | C^*- Actions on Stein analytic spaces with isolated singularities | Let $V$ be an irreducible complex analytic space of dimension two with normal
singularities and $\vr:\mathbb{C^*}\times V\to V$ a holomorphic action of the
group $\mathbb{C^*}$ on $V$. Denote by $\fa_\vr$ the foliation on $V$ induced
by $\vr$. The leaves of this foliation are the one-dimensional orbits of $\vr$.
%and its singularities are the fixed points of $\vr$. We will assume that there
exists a \emph{dicritical} singularity $p\in V$ for the $\bc^*$-action, i.e.
for some neighborhood $p\in W\subset V$ there are infinitely many leaves of
$\mathcal {F}_\vr|_{W}$ accumulating only at $p$. The closure of such a local
leaf is an invariant local analytic curve called a \emph{separatrix} of
$\mathcal{F}_\vr$ through $p$. In \cite{Orlik} Orlik and Wagreich studied the
2-dimensional affine algebraic varieties embedded in $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$, with
an isolated singularity at the origin, that are invariant by an effective
action of the form $\sigma_Q(t,(z_{0},...,z_{n}))=(t^{q_{0}}z_{0},...,
t^{q_{n}}z_{n})$ where $Q=(q_0,...,q_n) \in\mathbb N^{n+1}$, i.e. all $q_{i}$
are positive integers. Such actions are called \emph{good} actions. In
particular they classified the algebraic surfaces embedded in $\mathbb{C}^{3}$
endowed with such an action. It is easy to see that any good action on a
surface embedded in $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$ has a dicritical singularity at
$0\in\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$. Conversely, it is the purpose of this paper to show
that good actions are the models for analytic $\mathbb{C^*}$-actions on Stein
analytic spaces of dimension two with a dicritical singularity.
| math.CV math.DS | let v be an irreducible complex analytic space of dimension two with normal singularities and vrmathbbctimes vto v a holomorphic action of the group mathbbc on v denote by fa_vr the foliation on v induced by vr the leaves of this foliation are the onedimensional orbits of vr and its singularities are the fixed points of vr we will assume that there exists a emphdicritical singularity pin v for the bcaction ie for some neighborhood pin wsubset v there are infinitely many leaves of mathcal f_vr_w accumulating only at p the closure of such a local leaf is an invariant local analytic curve called a emphseparatrix of mathcalf_vr through p in citeorlik orlik and wagreich studied the 2dimensional affine algebraic varieties embedded in mathbbcn1 with an isolated singularity at the origin that are invariant by an effective action of the form sigma_qtz_0z_ntq_0z_0 tq_nz_n where qq_0q_n inmathbb nn1 ie all q_i are positive integers such actions are called emphgood actions in particular they classified the algebraic surfaces embedded in mathbbc3 endowed with such an action it is easy to see that any good action on a surface embedded in mathbbcn1 has a dicritical singularity at 0inmathbbcn1 conversely it is the purpose of this paper to show that good actions are the models for analytic mathbbcactions on stein analytic spaces of dimension two with a dicritical singularity | [['let', 'v', 'be', 'an', 'irreducible', 'complex', 'analytic', 'space', 'of', 'dimension', 'two', 'with', 'normal', 'singularities', 'and', 'vrmathbbctimes', 'vto', 'v', 'a', 'holomorphic', 'action', 'of', 'the', 'group', 'mathbbc', 'on', 'v', 'denote', 'by', 'fa_vr', 'the', 'foliation', 'on', 'v', 'induced', 'by', 'vr', 'the', 'leaves', 'of', 'this', 'foliation', 'are', 'the', 'onedimensional', 'orbits', 'of', 'vr', 'and', 'its', 'singularities', 'are', 'the', 'fixed', 'points', 'of', 'vr', 'we', 'will', 'assume', 'that', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'emphdicritical', 'singularity', 'pin', 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709.0548 | Quantum discord and the power of one qubit | We use quantum discord to characterize the correlations present in the
quantum computational model DQC1, introduced by Knill and Laflamme [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 81, 5672 (1998)]. The model involves a collection of qubits in the
completely mixed state coupled to a single control qubit that has nonzero
purity. The initial state, operations, and measurements in the model all point
to a natural bipartite split between the control qubit and the mixed ones.
Although there is no entanglement between these two parts, we show that the
quantum discord across this split is nonzero for typical instances of the DQC1
ciruit. Nonzero values of discord indicate the presence of nonclassical
correlations. We propose quantum discord as figure of merit for characterizing
the resources present in this computational model.
| quant-ph | we use quantum discord to characterize the correlations present in the quantum computational model dqc1 introduced by knill and laflamme phys rev lett 81 5672 1998 the model involves a collection of qubits in the completely mixed state coupled to a single control qubit that has nonzero purity the initial state operations and measurements in the model all point to a natural bipartite split between the control qubit and the mixed ones although there is no entanglement between these two parts we show that the quantum discord across this split is nonzero for typical instances of the dqc1 ciruit nonzero values of discord indicate the presence of nonclassical correlations we propose quantum discord as figure of merit for characterizing the resources present in this computational model | [['we', 'use', 'quantum', 'discord', 'to', 'characterize', 'the', 'correlations', 'present', 'in', 'the', 'quantum', 'computational', 'model', 'dqc1', 'introduced', 'by', 'knill', 'and', 'laflamme', 'phys', 'rev', 'lett', '81', '5672', '1998', 'the', 'model', 'involves', 'a', 'collection', 'of', 'qubits', 'in', 'the', 'completely', 'mixed', 'state', 'coupled', 'to', 'a', 'single', 'control', 'qubit', 'that', 'has', 'nonzero', 'purity', 'the', 'initial', 'state', 'operations', 'and', 'measurements', 'in', 'the', 'model', 'all', 'point', 'to', 'a', 'natural', 'bipartite', 'split', 'between', 'the', 'control', 'qubit', 'and', 'the', 'mixed', 'ones', 'although', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'entanglement', 'between', 'these', 'two', 'parts', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'quantum', 'discord', 'across', 'this', 'split', 'is', 'nonzero', 'for', 'typical', 'instances', 'of', 'the', 'dqc1', 'ciruit', 'nonzero', 'values', 'of', 'discord', 'indicate', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'nonclassical', 'correlations', 'we', 'propose', 'quantum', 'discord', 'as', 'figure', 'of', 'merit', 'for', 'characterizing', 'the', 'resources', 'present', 'in', 'this', 'computational', 'model']] | [-0.1628601491264999, 0.15830375443818048, -0.05452053363621235, -0.011248537965118885, 0.04429679211601615, -0.21860719687864186, 0.07536645148321987, 0.32192091563344, -0.22142370712757112, -0.30338383945822717, -0.0155365029014647, -0.2726234526187181, -0.13004069294780493, 0.18550370023399593, -0.10515220897644759, 0.0884454399786191, 0.06543175074830651, 0.012729564525187016, -0.07095753395184874, -0.28225392107665537, 0.25622527495399117, 0.02230264247767627, 0.27997207398712637, 0.0439624035730958, 0.10061656640842558, 0.011530417658388614, 0.05634021201636642, 0.0012765966430306436, -0.1455768162353197, 0.06924302606284619, 0.2651659322604537, 0.13626103332266212, 0.2667238618582487, -0.3783585150837898, -0.19466831089556216, 0.17389551683887838, 0.031186570219695568, 0.1769682324901223, 0.0015225553140044213, -0.3264237578334287, 0.017724004516378046, -0.2015655274540186, -0.03871234963834286, -0.13466482530161739, 0.06442687282897532, -0.08685552234202623, -0.23376388385146857, 0.15152339765056969, 0.06781193548813462, 0.06007016035914421, 0.028926475912332536, -0.06651950318925083, 0.011680122461169958, 0.09717740584164858, -0.10221386733278633, -0.010762128360569476, 0.09663277570530772, -0.11737603682093323, -0.184108989238739, 0.32782120779156687, -0.028233996540307997, -0.20379289048165083, 0.1722077146647498, -0.11726137856394052, -0.11870018545538187, 0.026872248999774456, 0.10121534563973546, 0.08824270249158143, -0.1429008609727025, 0.07264340614760295, -0.0568757035061717, 0.19604291536589152, 0.04614235984906554, 0.11729629455786199, 0.18998340114951134, 0.06364465654082596, 0.06490378882735967, 0.23799661419540644, -0.06641718394495547, -0.19452114411070942, -0.3252724045477807, -0.2306572153288871, -0.2504138743141666, 0.09437820141948759, -0.033512744035222565, -0.13639005704503507, 0.45311783948540685, 0.15944217801559715, 0.18422762581706048, 0.004152112772455439, 0.2756948093865067, 0.10356140845455229, 0.03429111471027136, 0.1259369448069483, 0.24439118905737997, 0.18589184105582535, 0.07207875249162317, -0.29003096277359874, 0.056015539165586235, 0.0034640439301729204] |
709.0549 | Explicit Connections with SU(2)-Monodromy | The pure braid group \Gamma of a quadruply-punctured Riemann sphere acts on
the SL(2,C)-moduli M of the representation variety of such sphere. The points
in M are classified into \Gamma-orbits. We show that, in this case, the
monodromy groups of many explicit solutions to the Riemann-Hilbert problem are
subgroups of SU(2). Most of these solutions are examples of representations
that have dense images in SU(2), but with finite \Gamma-orbits in M. These
examples relate to explicit immersions of constant mean curvature surfaces.
| math.AG math.CA | the pure braid group gamma of a quadruplypunctured riemann sphere acts on the sl2cmoduli m of the representation variety of such sphere the points in m are classified into gammaorbits we show that in this case the monodromy groups of many explicit solutions to the riemannhilbert problem are subgroups of su2 most of these solutions are examples of representations that have dense images in su2 but with finite gammaorbits in m these examples relate to explicit immersions of constant mean curvature surfaces | [['the', 'pure', 'braid', 'group', 'gamma', 'of', 'a', 'quadruplypunctured', 'riemann', 'sphere', 'acts', 'on', 'the', 'sl2cmoduli', 'm', 'of', 'the', 'representation', 'variety', 'of', 'such', 'sphere', 'the', 'points', 'in', 'm', 'are', 'classified', 'into', 'gammaorbits', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'monodromy', 'groups', 'of', 'many', 'explicit', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'riemannhilbert', 'problem', 'are', 'subgroups', 'of', 'su2', 'most', 'of', 'these', 'solutions', 'are', 'examples', 'of', 'representations', 'that', 'have', 'dense', 'images', 'in', 'su2', 'but', 'with', 'finite', 'gammaorbits', 'in', 'm', 'these', 'examples', 'relate', 'to', 'explicit', 'immersions', 'of', 'constant', 'mean', 'curvature', 'surfaces']] | [-0.18513969537743832, 0.10208424708107486, -0.08176759073976428, 0.04864229230879573, -0.08274976048851386, -0.09688549127313309, -0.03181855974253267, 0.3950543209211901, -0.25500570854201215, -0.26874485281296073, 0.1372119912179187, -0.3057375839096494, -0.16010515658417718, 0.20410029595077503, -0.10340482008759863, 0.007947293327015359, 0.03858130684820935, 0.10001209028996527, -0.1105166627035942, -0.2993129451293498, 0.38170163887552916, -0.10663438837509602, 0.20601577952038497, 0.0005447732852189802, 0.09161993536399678, -0.06356594727258198, -0.011406627570977435, -0.02279593564453535, -0.11300875335964519, 0.11756188875151566, 0.29797943074372596, 0.048859223921317606, 0.15529301219794434, -0.4104564973618835, -0.21370458070887252, 0.17928751884028316, 0.14094283012091183, 0.022728946805000306, -0.04149791273084702, -0.3008179442345863, 0.1097436233132612, -0.11058310074731707, -0.12572938718367369, -0.07998618538258598, 0.04710246358445147, 0.0224998485064134, -0.1709822167875245, 0.017130155605264007, 0.06392183066345751, 0.07535477739293128, -0.07963330551283435, -0.13638596031814815, -0.04902526194928214, 0.14742807165021077, 0.08409720135387033, -0.0023623307584784924, 0.09173962949425914, -0.14500983924081084, -0.070060061046388, 0.4004670594353229, -0.06246268046088517, -0.27617695499793626, 0.16942699402570724, -0.1552364842966199, -0.16994749653385952, 0.15400675842538475, 0.1538799700443633, 0.1664041634881869, -0.019770789553876966, 0.19526108492864297, -0.14388114808825775, 0.07761400747549488, 0.09994812593213283, -0.04812250077957288, 0.1517829223535955, 0.06315074838930741, 0.07249436411293572, 0.12169283791445196, -0.00796753408794757, -0.05682328729890287, -0.3731370855588466, -0.21829746692092158, -0.14781876849592662, 0.12236556168645621, -0.14244613130576908, -0.1964965423598187, 0.37924741019960495, 0.03127634971169755, 0.20319088974501937, 0.09606307157373521, 0.17408276030328124, 0.05268430680735037, 0.0566994937864365, 0.07632135738385841, 0.13895681700087154, 0.18708666057791562, -0.07944836571696215, -0.1496976290465682, -0.10502731125743595, 0.17468068986199797] |
709.055 | Possible Outlet of Test on Violation of Pauli Exclusion Principle | The present experimental tests have proved high precisely the validity of the
Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) in usual cases. The future experiments should
be combined widely with various theories of hidden and obvious violation of
PEP. Author think that known experiments and theories seem to imply the
violation at high energy. Some possible tests have been proposed in particle
physics, nuclei at high energy and astrophysics, etc., in particular, the
excited high-n atoms and multi-quark states. Moreover, the violation is
possibly relevant to the nonlinear quantum theory, in which the present linear
superposition principle may not hold. Finally, the possible violation at very
low temperature is discussed. These experiments may be connected with tests of
other basic principles, for example, the present wave property, possible
decrease of entropy due to internal interactions in isolated systems, and PCT
invariance, etc.
| physics.gen-ph | the present experimental tests have proved high precisely the validity of the pauli exclusion principle pep in usual cases the future experiments should be combined widely with various theories of hidden and obvious violation of pep author think that known experiments and theories seem to imply the violation at high energy some possible tests have been proposed in particle physics nuclei at high energy and astrophysics etc in particular the excited highn atoms and multiquark states moreover the violation is possibly relevant to the nonlinear quantum theory in which the present linear superposition principle may not hold finally the possible violation at very low temperature is discussed these experiments may be connected with tests of other basic principles for example the present wave property possible decrease of entropy due to internal interactions in isolated systems and pct invariance etc | [['the', 'present', 'experimental', 'tests', 'have', 'proved', 'high', 'precisely', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'pauli', 'exclusion', 'principle', 'pep', 'in', 'usual', 'cases', 'the', 'future', 'experiments', 'should', 'be', 'combined', 'widely', 'with', 'various', 'theories', 'of', 'hidden', 'and', 'obvious', 'violation', 'of', 'pep', 'author', 'think', 'that', 'known', 'experiments', 'and', 'theories', 'seem', 'to', 'imply', 'the', 'violation', 'at', 'high', 'energy', 'some', 'possible', 'tests', 'have', 'been', 'proposed', 'in', 'particle', 'physics', 'nuclei', 'at', 'high', 'energy', 'and', 'astrophysics', 'etc', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'excited', 'highn', 'atoms', 'and', 'multiquark', 'states', 'moreover', 'the', 'violation', 'is', 'possibly', 'relevant', 'to', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'quantum', 'theory', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'present', 'linear', 'superposition', 'principle', 'may', 'not', 'hold', 'finally', 'the', 'possible', 'violation', 'at', 'very', 'low', 'temperature', 'is', 'discussed', 'these', 'experiments', 'may', 'be', 'connected', 'with', 'tests', 'of', 'other', 'basic', 'principles', 'for', 'example', 'the', 'present', 'wave', 'property', 'possible', 'decrease', 'of', 'entropy', 'due', 'to', 'internal', 'interactions', 'in', 'isolated', 'systems', 'and', 'pct', 'invariance', 'etc']] | [-0.08110210491535287, 0.18764504772885668, -0.05884721816773694, 0.1388066318254623, -0.05511849801216891, -0.16923383524199184, 0.05142204649997674, 0.305732583761108, -0.2251873824430509, -0.3316559071531988, 0.09738015230969532, -0.2765782314533596, -0.0843519539096587, 0.18754297798154407, -0.0017675625096684952, 0.0860055727497239, 0.04243656402627984, 0.037950134641832584, -0.057633074700226, -0.2394404464414705, 0.26936554106407995, 0.10672229343753897, 0.30784003761523276, 0.13764988336872927, 0.07138683721289146, -0.033064078925706765, -0.00175199417980294, 0.040214715672165585, -0.09980966375053822, 0.07388214451192188, 0.290186805264495, 0.1422434112730456, 0.2059892149936917, -0.46352870239735505, -0.22391094442577564, 0.11571055892670674, 0.09655081860138197, 0.1317529557588956, -0.07635047157435752, -0.2981759254425335, 0.04685350573285007, -0.14092524091063216, -0.19176615743810754, -0.12186471061620245, 0.003793813696921729, 0.0068164318866974155, -0.22514973883684591, 0.11037670267350543, 0.040213549933011024, 0.04511122223284605, -0.015435484691904925, -0.13018027784071676, 0.01911059316338154, 0.06855172214011172, 0.07356118609485544, -0.022360564685232346, 0.11710174219002746, -0.09713954001785718, -0.16029061809962736, 0.41719327384284394, -0.021318873539633996, -0.1649339077190208, 0.2559735364830892, -0.16929465659270934, -0.20975580679339845, 0.07927448037515977, 0.14951279920210941, 0.0871021923200368, -0.13932186217053974, 0.08854900242525435, -0.022773662581935143, 0.11804717081002623, 0.07629439160529283, 0.10857784417340625, 0.22390894189128557, 0.10969870099496337, 0.027178555719467323, 0.0854386509510876, -0.07934910700348266, -0.09299636761642818, -0.37575317670678277, -0.1426994713901026, -0.16358789130241322, 0.03651797027777706, -0.044400663332316, -0.0628141716940047, 0.3116724735072298, 0.14618487078059975, 0.11029456348808335, -0.006316397665738524, 0.23584822084245494, 0.12232110644322183, 0.08129735188491696, 0.015101115105392264, 0.3317114407367914, 0.1565739563163772, 0.08224737065971541, -0.2281786349816449, 0.0775911093307592, -0.0008683944265056643] |
709.0551 | Quantum Gravity Phenomenology without Lorentz Invariance Violation: a
detailed proposal | We describe a scheme for the exploration of quantum gravity phenomenology
focussing on effects that could be thought as arising from a fundamental
granularity of space-time. In contrast with the simplest assumptions, such
granularity is assumed to respect Lorentz Invariance but is otherwise left
unspecified. The proposal is fully observer covariant, it involves non-trivial
couplings of curvature to matter fields and leads to a well defined
phenomenology. We present the effective Hamiltonian which could be used to
analyze concrete experimental situations, some of which are briefly described,
and we shortly discuss the degree to which the present proposal is in line with
the fundamental ideas behind the equivalence principle.
| gr-qc hep-th | we describe a scheme for the exploration of quantum gravity phenomenology focussing on effects that could be thought as arising from a fundamental granularity of spacetime in contrast with the simplest assumptions such granularity is assumed to respect lorentz invariance but is otherwise left unspecified the proposal is fully observer covariant it involves nontrivial couplings of curvature to matter fields and leads to a well defined phenomenology we present the effective hamiltonian which could be used to analyze concrete experimental situations some of which are briefly described and we shortly discuss the degree to which the present proposal is in line with the fundamental ideas behind the equivalence principle | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'scheme', 'for', 'the', 'exploration', 'of', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'phenomenology', 'focussing', 'on', 'effects', 'that', 'could', 'be', 'thought', 'as', 'arising', 'from', 'a', 'fundamental', 'granularity', 'of', 'spacetime', 'in', 'contrast', 'with', 'the', 'simplest', 'assumptions', 'such', 'granularity', 'is', 'assumed', 'to', 'respect', 'lorentz', 'invariance', 'but', 'is', 'otherwise', 'left', 'unspecified', 'the', 'proposal', 'is', 'fully', 'observer', 'covariant', 'it', 'involves', 'nontrivial', 'couplings', 'of', 'curvature', 'to', 'matter', 'fields', 'and', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'well', 'defined', 'phenomenology', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'effective', 'hamiltonian', 'which', 'could', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'analyze', 'concrete', 'experimental', 'situations', 'some', 'of', 'which', 'are', 'briefly', 'described', 'and', 'we', 'shortly', 'discuss', 'the', 'degree', 'to', 'which', 'the', 'present', 'proposal', 'is', 'in', 'line', 'with', 'the', 'fundamental', 'ideas', 'behind', 'the', 'equivalence', 'principle']] | [-0.13038812994042737, 0.16963244356864363, -0.11260055493426706, 0.10135773872238917, -0.13101308545847465, -0.16300210514353639, -0.01765071073602543, 0.3558661696765948, -0.26092110415322517, -0.2970046522336106, 0.10341102974019398, -0.20528234053539848, -0.1519029280512568, 0.16076069924160155, -0.08753828278426594, 0.015117315323425268, -0.023515623022263888, 0.06654030143138055, -0.06778259279575934, -0.20056175743870505, 0.3486570612006231, 0.08707967364131003, 0.23933549127925974, 0.06630421609728845, 0.11673170702378137, -0.024826906813701633, -0.03466677683012543, 0.04060596870173008, -0.12187596570537265, 0.10439163799090055, 0.2372738732016483, 0.11730056244521103, 0.19404210974153938, -0.4182089014542759, -0.21955851160434134, 0.07774124033065564, 0.10044195617062099, 0.15282671580864374, -0.0415522380947742, -0.3059814288409068, 0.04422775878989642, -0.15377427241457903, -0.17962410113423927, -0.10742725426365339, -0.02301578603924141, -0.04207182471392625, -0.22571126384652057, 0.055241560404041545, 0.05487841570433742, -0.002045661127707417, -0.0031770100750866423, -0.06304709498830345, 0.022531084098998424, 0.07211842201650143, 0.10260443503054184, 0.028677912834826687, 0.13057050960770714, -0.12597706912666423, -0.1255211977356481, 0.4564954672401788, -0.04312670507912584, -0.2140312187305284, 0.2085860204293367, -0.1179220623041956, -0.1417406074779638, 0.04716421791497584, 0.13572892214282664, 0.1066564565669711, -0.13408537534142442, 0.12913465123617468, -0.007535352978274363, 0.13236780319397057, 0.03807089261821719, 0.07439181731518256, 0.23233697497191916, 0.15208517026728652, 0.04299778654453678, 0.13089332623843, -0.03614957692793681, -0.13683455258847102, -0.39288828754370364, -0.14593964412705887, -0.13216816914404547, 0.07997683562987715, -0.039444559326111295, -0.13245847089421176, 0.3862464696313017, 0.17848903803718746, 0.20058154564675526, 0.0019692691553537863, 0.2655642741368315, 0.11220694373686448, 0.06246178312688519, 0.04948389407144774, 0.2683293728679611, 0.14089693604977033, 0.048870001454974325, -0.1879432480728869, 0.044142152515983364, 0.06708395323895533] |
709.0552 | Cancer Genesis and Progression as Dynamics in Functional Landscape of
Endogenous Molecular-Cellular Network | An endogenous molecular-cellular network for both normal and abnormal
functions is assumed to exist. This endogenous network forms a nonlinear
stochastic dynamical system, with many stable attractors in its functional
landscape. Normal or abnormal robust states can be decided by this network in a
manner similar to the neural network. In this context cancer is hypothesized as
one of its robust intrinsic states. This hypothesis implies that a nonlinear
stochastic mathematical cancer model is constructible based on available
experimental data and its quantitative prediction is directly testable. Within
such model the genesis and progression of cancer may be viewed as stochastic
transitions between different attractors. Thus it further suggests that
progressions are not arbitrary. Other important issues on cancer, such as
genetic vs epigenetics, double-edge effect, dormancy, are discussed in the
light of present hypothesis. A different set of strategies for cancer
prevention, cure, and care, is therefore suggested.
| q-bio.SC q-bio.MN | an endogenous molecularcellular network for both normal and abnormal functions is assumed to exist this endogenous network forms a nonlinear stochastic dynamical system with many stable attractors in its functional landscape normal or abnormal robust states can be decided by this network in a manner similar to the neural network in this context cancer is hypothesized as one of its robust intrinsic states this hypothesis implies that a nonlinear stochastic mathematical cancer model is constructible based on available experimental data and its quantitative prediction is directly testable within such model the genesis and progression of cancer may be viewed as stochastic transitions between different attractors thus it further suggests that progressions are not arbitrary other important issues on cancer such as genetic vs epigenetics doubleedge effect dormancy are discussed in the light of present hypothesis a different set of strategies for cancer prevention cure and care is therefore suggested | [['an', 'endogenous', 'molecularcellular', 'network', 'for', 'both', 'normal', 'and', 'abnormal', 'functions', 'is', 'assumed', 'to', 'exist', 'this', 'endogenous', 'network', 'forms', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'stochastic', 'dynamical', 'system', 'with', 'many', 'stable', 'attractors', 'in', 'its', 'functional', 'landscape', 'normal', 'or', 'abnormal', 'robust', 'states', 'can', 'be', 'decided', 'by', 'this', 'network', 'in', 'a', 'manner', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'neural', 'network', 'in', 'this', 'context', 'cancer', 'is', 'hypothesized', 'as', 'one', 'of', 'its', 'robust', 'intrinsic', 'states', 'this', 'hypothesis', 'implies', 'that', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'stochastic', 'mathematical', 'cancer', 'model', 'is', 'constructible', 'based', 'on', 'available', 'experimental', 'data', 'and', 'its', 'quantitative', 'prediction', 'is', 'directly', 'testable', 'within', 'such', 'model', 'the', 'genesis', 'and', 'progression', 'of', 'cancer', 'may', 'be', 'viewed', 'as', 'stochastic', 'transitions', 'between', 'different', 'attractors', 'thus', 'it', 'further', 'suggests', 'that', 'progressions', 'are', 'not', 'arbitrary', 'other', 'important', 'issues', 'on', 'cancer', 'such', 'as', 'genetic', 'vs', 'epigenetics', 'doubleedge', 'effect', 'dormancy', 'are', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'light', 'of', 'present', 'hypothesis', 'a', 'different', 'set', 'of', 'strategies', 'for', 'cancer', 'prevention', 'cure', 'and', 'care', 'is', 'therefore', 'suggested']] | [-0.08096540452066078, 0.10797256180268124, -0.08414815259449235, 0.15710047083494655, -0.05803702828298147, -0.19030023244842006, 0.0469963530792754, 0.35042451878040526, -0.2797125782817602, -0.2311540786019602, 0.12391012845674178, -0.2430471367473286, -0.24831944355911045, 0.18862350470845815, -0.12465475582851197, 0.06262021533070397, 0.05379917614816411, 0.029592826608505502, 0.04623932205140591, -0.22450464632915887, 0.29601127585015463, 0.0243708999651308, 0.30858530084180924, 0.020542305939818255, 0.07508551860155421, -0.047736385703477005, -0.015619185414343028, 0.026453018931017536, -0.052311619936124376, 0.10925464771571569, 0.32139075936976114, 0.2107708088399188, 0.3300089837064514, -0.48192439483780714, -0.2698181372425343, 0.14625945169403143, 0.14145423753900496, 0.12209914071246276, -0.014708629707063272, -0.26647700701613686, 0.06243908304620434, -0.13780564043475818, -0.11834866241426081, -0.0881853996763459, 0.0293624585563619, 0.007298748948881906, -0.2795521595509018, 0.11303277148368038, 0.034510552142770344, 0.07933847251901957, -0.07703334017817208, -0.10712727175858752, -0.05405799044151413, 0.1254998047103023, 0.07435229454957251, 0.05195713439968893, 0.14844816958184065, -0.10857005168155238, -0.14487299290045189, 0.3357138639894893, -0.021083443188045576, -0.205033127059987, 0.21251325960415793, -0.07076722693572929, -0.15559328961614016, 0.08103061825464908, 0.17097152935378757, 0.08573723026878528, -0.18628326290589128, -0.0013469596490943553, -0.019412754783155146, 0.14667345689471206, 0.030780338359732384, 0.008762958130761478, 0.20252542533106296, 0.24611148287894558, 0.027198384597353208, 0.10818535270290512, -0.0587313389028045, -0.08837780346496131, -0.27781810615262065, -0.13229678093606756, -0.10242606847581605, 0.04317292959181154, -0.09880897179647109, -0.21896085309374422, 0.3988607000823863, 0.11572894944913208, 0.1711926681581079, 0.028656675146791984, 0.2574872637822016, 0.06331917215022652, 0.07631811206669521, 0.009014995715178147, 0.1994405202032696, 0.05358530509811071, 0.05810184487317865, -0.2268070311445233, 0.19346853728859206, 0.007639519516315714] |
709.0553 | The On The Fly Imaging Technique | The On-The-Fly (OTF) imaging technique enables single-dish radio telescopes
to construct images of small areas of the sky with greater efficiency and
accuracy. This paper describes the practical application of the OTF imaging
technique. By way of example the implementation of the OTF imaging technique at
the NRAO 12 Meter Telescope is described. Specific requirements for data
sampling, image formation, and Doppler correction are discussed.
| astro-ph | the onthefly otf imaging technique enables singledish radio telescopes to construct images of small areas of the sky with greater efficiency and accuracy this paper describes the practical application of the otf imaging technique by way of example the implementation of the otf imaging technique at the nrao 12 meter telescope is described specific requirements for data sampling image formation and doppler correction are discussed | [['the', 'onthefly', 'otf', 'imaging', 'technique', 'enables', 'singledish', 'radio', 'telescopes', 'to', 'construct', 'images', 'of', 'small', 'areas', 'of', 'the', 'sky', 'with', 'greater', 'efficiency', 'and', 'accuracy', 'this', 'paper', 'describes', 'the', 'practical', 'application', 'of', 'the', 'otf', 'imaging', 'technique', 'by', 'way', 'of', 'example', 'the', 'implementation', 'of', 'the', 'otf', 'imaging', 'technique', 'at', 'the', 'nrao', '12', 'meter', 'telescope', 'is', 'described', 'specific', 'requirements', 'for', 'data', 'sampling', 'image', 'formation', 'and', 'doppler', 'correction', 'are', 'discussed']] | [-0.08524986472553932, 0.02802371150061775, -0.021595230089643827, 0.03838657315533895, -0.09804960825982002, -0.12483130808059986, 0.008603458588298123, 0.45264229006492174, -0.19402657588227437, -0.4150401042057918, 0.16862495180505974, -0.2472368371887849, -0.12154385986236425, 0.2897505219309376, -0.06590335226546114, 0.05586119421686118, 0.1446335623327356, -0.1384113111389944, -0.02544827080833224, -0.19322010482159946, 0.2377784223510669, 0.181470312564992, 0.3139766965347987, -0.018216821594307056, 0.1684861349246393, -0.019181625473384672, -0.15129583692894533, -0.05489177119273406, -0.09942853244451376, 0.11733075827360154, 0.3241532776791316, 0.20026563291366284, 0.2203406308276149, -0.32531576004738993, -0.168416723007193, 0.010504229151858733, 0.1274285257829783, 0.0767383065361243, -0.038514704973651816, -0.33107269692879454, 0.03031680708607802, -0.14116860742752368, -0.1835927563576171, -0.04731070743157313, -0.04278858231488042, 0.04556463498335618, -0.2396076399116562, 0.031672613165126394, -0.062387874271147524, 0.12304954551733457, -0.07275754466223029, -0.0882991017272266, 0.04508494389279244, 0.14452330358326435, -0.0765662763088655, 0.07968321613824138, 0.1379412917850109, -0.13739452787603323, -0.06731093199207233, 0.3579777083431299, -0.03771003445323843, -0.07305855587697946, 0.13146417751335182, -0.16517176027767932, -0.16910819922072384, 0.19288756413958394, 0.1753528861830441, 0.1170837072082437, -0.14935827264024948, 0.0568081603583638, 0.04066404635803057, 0.19322622346763427, 0.08964210520140253, 0.07223291644969812, 0.1650774346122769, 0.2067639625989474, 0.09880616854733, 0.18655684132558795, -0.3341253184713423, 0.0038150232930022937, -0.22992736000854236, -0.12865337060334592, -0.21118929257186558, 0.019937388212061844, -0.09293521495777755, -0.08698964650527789, 0.38923811402458414, 0.19803343177079044, 0.09660687191555133, 0.05241399504817449, 0.4431510708079888, 0.03442011189718659, 0.15657060094750844, -0.0159451748101184, 0.20512096331669735, 0.10088022893223052, 0.19623179068932167, -0.18926202564930114, -0.022519571584864305, 0.026253611780703068] |
709.0554 | Strong Imbalanced Turbulence | We consider stationary, forced, imbalanced, or cross-helical MHD Alfvenic
turbulence where the waves traveling in one direction have higher amplitudes
than the opposite waves. This paper is dedicated to so-called strong
turbulence, which cannot be treated perturbatively. Our main result is that the
anisotropy of the weak waves is stronger than the anisotropy of a strong waves.
We propose that critical balance, which was originally conceived as a causality
argument, has to be amended by what we call a propagation argument. This
revised formulation of critical balance is able to handle the imbalanced case
and reduces to old formulation in the balanced case. We also provide
phenomenological model of energy cascading and discuss possibility of
self-similar solutions in a realistic setup of driven turbulence.
| astro-ph | we consider stationary forced imbalanced or crosshelical mhd alfvenic turbulence where the waves traveling in one direction have higher amplitudes than the opposite waves this paper is dedicated to socalled strong turbulence which cannot be treated perturbatively our main result is that the anisotropy of the weak waves is stronger than the anisotropy of a strong waves we propose that critical balance which was originally conceived as a causality argument has to be amended by what we call a propagation argument this revised formulation of critical balance is able to handle the imbalanced case and reduces to old formulation in the balanced case we also provide phenomenological model of energy cascading and discuss possibility of selfsimilar solutions in a realistic setup of driven turbulence | [['we', 'consider', 'stationary', 'forced', 'imbalanced', 'or', 'crosshelical', 'mhd', 'alfvenic', 'turbulence', 'where', 'the', 'waves', 'traveling', 'in', 'one', 'direction', 'have', 'higher', 'amplitudes', 'than', 'the', 'opposite', 'waves', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'dedicated', 'to', 'socalled', 'strong', 'turbulence', 'which', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'treated', 'perturbatively', 'our', 'main', 'result', 'is', 'that', 'the', 'anisotropy', 'of', 'the', 'weak', 'waves', 'is', 'stronger', 'than', 'the', 'anisotropy', 'of', 'a', 'strong', 'waves', 'we', 'propose', 'that', 'critical', 'balance', 'which', 'was', 'originally', 'conceived', 'as', 'a', 'causality', 'argument', 'has', 'to', 'be', 'amended', 'by', 'what', 'we', 'call', 'a', 'propagation', 'argument', 'this', 'revised', 'formulation', 'of', 'critical', 'balance', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'handle', 'the', 'imbalanced', 'case', 'and', 'reduces', 'to', 'old', 'formulation', 'in', 'the', 'balanced', 'case', 'we', 'also', 'provide', 'phenomenological', 'model', 'of', 'energy', 'cascading', 'and', 'discuss', 'possibility', 'of', 'selfsimilar', 'solutions', 'in', 'a', 'realistic', 'setup', 'of', 'driven', 'turbulence']] | [-0.1745586891770363, 0.18934879327937962, -0.08687159216031431, 0.15261410241760315, -0.11924590280279518, -0.14041802694648503, 0.0016619829935953022, 0.2926198260039091, -0.24332758279144764, -0.2692312831804156, 0.05099214303586632, -0.23107535499799997, -0.13157940971665083, 0.17239736945554615, -0.028648976743221283, 0.026785425696521998, 0.041628773446194825, -0.035622849674662574, -0.0019124659225344658, -0.17955202054046093, 0.345351454898715, 0.10116531020402908, 0.2907575261257589, 0.04245197375677526, 0.06147788487188518, -0.03905159351415932, 0.007133011716417968, 0.07529072413966059, -0.14216219440533315, 0.05969570274278522, 0.19432808160409332, 0.06781353410333395, 0.28592410652339456, -0.4638419772982597, -0.268373980820179, 0.09723394309729337, 0.17367046233639122, 0.1644823986943811, -0.007707994568394497, -0.25111401810869577, 0.07531682605575771, -0.18308913092315196, -0.17592491072788835, -0.040529247285798195, 0.0009990865923464299, 0.022558728612959385, -0.2632821373231709, 0.1130888566726353, 0.12605328214168549, 0.01890891906619072, -0.0684935803823173, -0.026445522412657737, -0.017057128408923747, 0.03564563470333815, 0.09959665789641439, 0.07787020682729781, 0.05213610973954201, -0.1203590344004333, -0.08257544043660164, 0.41591957773081956, -0.06331952697434462, -0.24051103615760802, 0.2003973079174757, -0.13498468155483714, -0.10869354577362537, 0.11999393898248673, 0.18525143641233444, 0.10420520877838135, -0.12157727074064315, 0.014128799221478403, -0.08461432864144444, 0.14440209180861713, 0.08814946768432856, -0.03763821620889939, 0.20045347893238066, 0.15544830433093013, 0.07983558423630893, 0.17603972203098237, -0.06679511335119605, -0.08642976785451174, -0.2815981349796057, -0.10536152822291478, -0.13086389935738407, 0.07155906921636779, -0.03836496240063571, -0.16183605453372002, 0.37020765798911454, 0.2219703072756529, 0.13318761619343422, 0.004079080898314715, 0.3126784472465515, 0.19219974264129996, 0.03080032366514206, 0.09908341722935438, 0.3190267163561657, 0.1334638584732893, 0.13780470454506577, -0.17545814217254518, 0.051698067389428615, 0.08187314532138407] |
709.0555 | Applications of Cutoff Resolvent Estimates to the Wave Equation | We consider solutions to the linear wave equation on non-compact Riemannian
manifolds without boundary when the geodesic flow admits a filamentary
hyperbolic trapped set. We obtain a polynomial rate of local energy decay with
exponent depending only on the dimension.
| math.AP | we consider solutions to the linear wave equation on noncompact riemannian manifolds without boundary when the geodesic flow admits a filamentary hyperbolic trapped set we obtain a polynomial rate of local energy decay with exponent depending only on the dimension | [['we', 'consider', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'linear', 'wave', 'equation', 'on', 'noncompact', 'riemannian', 'manifolds', 'without', 'boundary', 'when', 'the', 'geodesic', 'flow', 'admits', 'a', 'filamentary', 'hyperbolic', 'trapped', 'set', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'polynomial', 'rate', 'of', 'local', 'energy', 'decay', 'with', 'exponent', 'depending', 'only', 'on', 'the', 'dimension']] | [-0.2208596252137795, 0.10187811269424855, -0.04901913459179923, 0.052948461426422, -0.1679835126924445, -0.17512016834225505, -0.024741198332048953, 0.30714236134663225, -0.2700684058945626, -0.1700511043309234, 0.13884886414161884, -0.30363665356417185, -0.07526054172776639, 0.2082358158309944, -0.02381503077049274, 0.09466968446504324, 0.09001434752717614, 0.13586034551262854, -0.1120890116202645, -0.2528755329316482, 0.4591878779232502, -0.054472763347439467, 0.23191375862807034, 0.07127351656090468, 0.18858131908345968, -0.040445051208371295, 0.026149063487537205, 0.023639986815396696, -0.2606866884045303, 0.04898727483814582, 0.17959345952840522, 0.015255856100702658, 0.19160702137160115, -0.455925462488085, -0.24764064173214137, 0.20588037867564707, 0.1558663689997047, 0.05982667193748057, -0.03175757377175614, -0.30349853266961874, 0.0707712824398186, -0.04260384105145931, -0.2346091240993701, -0.04182316602673382, 0.01193193020299077, 0.008117524301633238, -0.24178732698783278, 0.13526152370031924, 0.0721367359161377, 0.048436343343928455, -0.12172912664245814, -0.0193265383830294, -0.050464802252827214, 0.0016046302225731779, 0.03161289106064942, 0.043425322335679084, 0.1264189825276844, -0.07802785970270634, -0.057034239359200004, 0.33411736142588777, -0.12376627601915971, -0.3533214606868569, 0.13609346302691847, -0.16590296989306808, -0.077162733086152, 0.15767081748344935, 0.23474758561933412, 0.15241538485279307, -0.06669521380281367, 0.18383392735850065, -0.07660003087621589, 0.1729429719853215, 0.1321367676835507, -0.014584751625079662, 0.09644201550399885, 0.1169666325848084, 0.21599285565316678, 0.14552229936234654, -0.04096829328336753, -0.11649806024506688, -0.3248817414045334, -0.16015516209881753, -0.15280649987980724, 0.2150944102100766, -0.20640224097296594, -0.22284016855992378, 0.38419226261321454, -0.057788933906704185, 0.18885059272870422, 0.14274634122848512, 0.22540506748482586, 0.14590847529943857, -0.004041259025689215, 0.20844512032344936, 0.1919538199901581, 0.13097099245060234, 0.057954637822695075, -0.22231606567511336, -0.04363478076411411, 0.20890628950437531] |
709.0556 | Phonon bottleneck in the low-excitation limit | The phonon-bottleneck problem in the relaxation of two-level systems (spins)
via direct phonon processes is considered numerically in the weak-excitation
limit where the Schroedinger equation for the spin-phonon system simplifies.
The solution for the relaxing spin excitation p(t), emitted phonons n_k(t),
etc. is obtained in terms of the exact many-body eigenstates. In the absence of
phonon damping Gamma_{ph} and inhomogeneous broadening, p(t) approaches the
bottleneck plateau p_\infty > 0 with strongly damped oscillations, the
frequency being related to the spin-phonon splitting Delta at the avoided
crossing. For any Gamma_{ph} > 0 one has p(t) -> 0 but in the case of strong
bottleneck the spin relaxation rate is much smaller than Gamma_{ph} and p(t) is
nonexponential. Inhomogeneous broadening exceeding Delta partially alleviates
the bottleneck and removes oscillations of p(t). The line width of emitted
phonons, as well as Delta, increase with the strength of the bottleneck, i.e.,
with the concentration of spins.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the phononbottleneck problem in the relaxation of twolevel systems spins via direct phonon processes is considered numerically in the weakexcitation limit where the schroedinger equation for the spinphonon system simplifies the solution for the relaxing spin excitation pt emitted phonons n_kt etc is obtained in terms of the exact manybody eigenstates in the absence of phonon damping gamma_ph and inhomogeneous broadening pt approaches the bottleneck plateau p_infty 0 with strongly damped oscillations the frequency being related to the spinphonon splitting delta at the avoided crossing for any gamma_ph 0 one has pt 0 but in the case of strong bottleneck the spin relaxation rate is much smaller than gamma_ph and pt is nonexponential inhomogeneous broadening exceeding delta partially alleviates the bottleneck and removes oscillations of pt the line width of emitted phonons as well as delta increase with the strength of the bottleneck ie with the concentration of spins | [['the', 'phononbottleneck', 'problem', 'in', 'the', 'relaxation', 'of', 'twolevel', 'systems', 'spins', 'via', 'direct', 'phonon', 'processes', 'is', 'considered', 'numerically', 'in', 'the', 'weakexcitation', 'limit', 'where', 'the', 'schroedinger', 'equation', 'for', 'the', 'spinphonon', 'system', 'simplifies', 'the', 'solution', 'for', 'the', 'relaxing', 'spin', 'excitation', 'pt', 'emitted', 'phonons', 'n_kt', 'etc', 'is', 'obtained', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'exact', 'manybody', 'eigenstates', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'phonon', 'damping', 'gamma_ph', 'and', 'inhomogeneous', 'broadening', 'pt', 'approaches', 'the', 'bottleneck', 'plateau', 'p_infty', '0', 'with', 'strongly', 'damped', 'oscillations', 'the', 'frequency', 'being', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'spinphonon', 'splitting', 'delta', 'at', 'the', 'avoided', 'crossing', 'for', 'any', 'gamma_ph', '0', 'one', 'has', 'pt', '0', 'but', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'strong', 'bottleneck', 'the', 'spin', 'relaxation', 'rate', 'is', 'much', 'smaller', 'than', 'gamma_ph', 'and', 'pt', 'is', 'nonexponential', 'inhomogeneous', 'broadening', 'exceeding', 'delta', 'partially', 'alleviates', 'the', 'bottleneck', 'and', 'removes', 'oscillations', 'of', 'pt', 'the', 'line', 'width', 'of', 'emitted', 'phonons', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'delta', 'increase', 'with', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'bottleneck', 'ie', 'with', 'the', 'concentration', 'of', 'spins']] | [-0.1766325227225562, 0.21391440997987785, 0.011049754945748804, 0.03431954342991445, -0.029433878113659436, -0.15788277236107212, 0.0337170009945063, 0.3359324404713541, -0.28206154540331174, -0.23990362971371051, 0.019330048719155384, -0.32224055213366176, -0.035411739089032446, 0.17249709570267857, 0.07293511297469396, 0.029963452802602226, 0.035835244589729, 0.0009692751586862259, -0.0851585478490631, -0.12576313273303036, 0.2836234868758424, 0.04858191492389138, 0.26367163472502625, 0.09599621866629678, 0.04972198474277186, 0.046091860499320514, 0.09855257681275612, -0.043042701708102885, -0.10799712650559924, 0.018810364818544246, 0.23206309630729308, -0.0295705929736063, 0.23840655965868057, -0.3886600648546779, -0.21646953119791656, 0.08229649614467717, 0.21308038177925018, 0.1580351691274285, 0.009647758348669933, -0.2557295422747906, 0.023319506308301385, -0.12000235763922233, -0.153574983433089, 0.010798873793140004, 0.03480994413863092, -0.005812182319319288, -0.2514738677196117, 0.1980370281689219, 0.12277684546460166, 0.030453488611984974, -0.034036209431770666, -0.12845749918905855, -0.07031889600925782, 0.04166931899939508, 0.0877619800876651, 0.013547262764417084, 0.14045968026722838, -0.10574658267862545, -0.08984537446408863, 0.3717176918027885, -0.0922609093532024, -0.15417548402168807, 0.1460806131144148, -0.1680054631562366, -0.06601883252010675, 0.20291809696429128, 0.08248857931927747, 0.12364525448659047, -0.0801737221409473, 0.10885859922007439, 0.0507136626894142, 0.16838160856398784, 0.08512857016926044, 0.09244495071470737, 0.15333213415559407, 0.16453467880769465, 0.07708598635664941, 0.13626368109007123, -0.0808140100972202, -0.09256209737790011, -0.2544053245535833, -0.10954191539715506, -0.23310173239133902, 0.09997253782497156, -0.09296476937259701, -0.13994299702271318, 0.3660463298789707, 0.10577989141409905, 0.19231185285787053, 0.02107951478663857, 0.2541977671918853, 0.2455880409028481, 0.05955335460353218, 0.05335909681767381, 0.25583067617610394, 0.19443121130442273, 0.13079535234219475, -0.3817340617221249, 0.058275356262159725, 0.009197338096697458] |
709.0557 | General observations on series whose terms proceed as the sines and
cosines of multiples of angles | Translated from the Latin original, "Observationes generales circa series,
quarum termini secundum sinus vel cosinus angulorum multiplorum progrediuntur"
(1777). E655 in the Enestrom index. Euler looks at the binomial expansion
$(1+x)^n$ for $x=\cos \phi+i\sin\phi$. He does $n=$ positive and negative
integers, and $n={1/2}, -{1/2}$, and particular values of $\phi$.
| math.HO math.CA | translated from the latin original observationes generales circa series quarum termini secundum sinus vel cosinus angulorum multiplorum progrediuntur 1777 e655 in the enestrom index euler looks at the binomial expansion 1xn for xcos phiisinphi he does n positive and negative integers and n12 12 and particular values of phi | [['translated', 'from', 'the', 'latin', 'original', 'observationes', 'generales', 'circa', 'series', 'quarum', 'termini', 'secundum', 'sinus', 'vel', 'cosinus', 'angulorum', 'multiplorum', 'progrediuntur', '1777', 'e655', 'in', 'the', 'enestrom', 'index', 'euler', 'looks', 'at', 'the', 'binomial', 'expansion', '1xn', 'for', 'xcos', 'phiisinphi', 'he', 'does', 'n', 'positive', 'and', 'negative', 'integers', 'and', 'n12', '12', 'and', 'particular', 'values', 'of', 'phi']] | [-0.09781940931099511, 0.12274081377489936, -0.07314071325319153, 0.06975621386386809, -0.05537447492991175, -0.2352615162020638, -0.00590886775656448, 0.24972516525581123, -0.22098029768537908, -0.23408300346428795, 0.055880286428700424, -0.3925734301973578, -0.0716554108352977, 0.11433508426749281, -0.10052358853586373, -0.030911183319750263, 0.022935899462373482, 0.03221113108364599, -0.005055647809058428, -0.2609670550917231, 0.20540887549231274, 0.001484080095819774, 0.1986050141886586, -0.020253135357052088, 0.10150425061250903, -0.025480481047582413, -0.02789265315403186, -0.06593266443260723, -0.17428790346977102, 0.025326765098032496, 0.21528647324469471, 0.1114654015400447, 0.2582867381473382, -0.28913791655074983, -0.012506358125912291, 0.09175194769964687, 0.172463736064466, -0.06712475951228823, 0.03879140217655471, -0.2398845608390513, 0.08837841460592158, -0.16034735707078307, -0.10461709827982954, 0.07507336055416436, 0.12124342723039999, 0.02164252596862969, -0.294863500587997, 0.08180740613135554, 0.06894327480612057, 0.1199305820766659, 0.004833418432445754, -0.3464929767485176, -0.002558274937438823, 0.07930010011685747, 0.006667063363628196, 0.05668092144021232, 0.01972308320303758, -0.06470274999515996, -0.08055057050105893, 0.3280975558750686, -0.1251982780439513, -0.12030133626068987, 0.028309562531787725, -0.23171881397831298, -0.15841193048150412, 0.14826857680011363, 0.046463710411141314, 0.0746770645824394, 0.04336497070090402, 0.12355867453568083, -0.05254261428490281, 0.18452820459025956, 0.2436778399694179, -0.11054760000358026, 0.14122564460904824, -0.0391461644779026, -0.051770426908097716, 0.0879038168599696, -0.07614330865354055, -0.037268973410218245, -0.25529685004481245, -0.22119547663966105, -0.13609343667381577, 0.13743812546488784, -0.14142206642628435, -0.1914572211182011, 0.3153707924010676, 0.013932794879933465, 0.13586735251980522, 0.09081180196344144, 0.18167369321565188, 0.05355505900280107, 0.006678921196864741, 0.08816055843739637, 0.06098029221452418, 0.11515706936119213, 0.16858190839134513, -0.15078121118824042, 0.04662013106003758, 0.1609204415276292] |
709.0558 | Strain dependent twist-stretch elasticity in chiral filaments | Coupling between axial and torsional degrees of freedom often modifies the
conformation and expression of natural and synthetic filamentous aggregates.
Recent studies on chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes and B-DNA reveal a
reversal in the sign of the twist-stretch coupling at large strains. The
similarity in the response in these two distinct supramolecular assemblies and
at high strains suggests a fundamental, chirality dependent non-linear elastic
behaviour. Here, we seek the link between the microscopic origin of the
non-linearities and the effective twist-stretch coupling using energy based
theoretical frameworks and model simulations. Our analysis reveals a sensitive
interplay between the deformation energetics and the sign of the coupling,
highlighting robust design principles that determine both the sign and extent
of these couplings. These design principles have been already exploited by
Nature to dynamically engineer such couplings, and have broad implications in
mechanically coupled actuation, propulsion and transport in biology and
technology.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.soft | coupling between axial and torsional degrees of freedom often modifies the conformation and expression of natural and synthetic filamentous aggregates recent studies on chiral singlewalled carbon nanotubes and bdna reveal a reversal in the sign of the twiststretch coupling at large strains the similarity in the response in these two distinct supramolecular assemblies and at high strains suggests a fundamental chirality dependent nonlinear elastic behaviour here we seek the link between the microscopic origin of the nonlinearities and the effective twiststretch coupling using energy based theoretical frameworks and model simulations our analysis reveals a sensitive interplay between the deformation energetics and the sign of the coupling highlighting robust design principles that determine both the sign and extent of these couplings these design principles have been already exploited by nature to dynamically engineer such couplings and have broad implications in mechanically coupled actuation propulsion and transport in biology and technology | [['coupling', 'between', 'axial', 'and', 'torsional', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'often', 'modifies', 'the', 'conformation', 'and', 'expression', 'of', 'natural', 'and', 'synthetic', 'filamentous', 'aggregates', 'recent', 'studies', 'on', 'chiral', 'singlewalled', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'and', 'bdna', 'reveal', 'a', 'reversal', 'in', 'the', 'sign', 'of', 'the', 'twiststretch', 'coupling', 'at', 'large', 'strains', 'the', 'similarity', 'in', 'the', 'response', 'in', 'these', 'two', 'distinct', 'supramolecular', 'assemblies', 'and', 'at', 'high', 'strains', 'suggests', 'a', 'fundamental', 'chirality', 'dependent', 'nonlinear', 'elastic', 'behaviour', 'here', 'we', 'seek', 'the', 'link', 'between', 'the', 'microscopic', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinearities', 'and', 'the', 'effective', 'twiststretch', 'coupling', 'using', 'energy', 'based', 'theoretical', 'frameworks', 'and', 'model', 'simulations', 'our', 'analysis', 'reveals', 'a', 'sensitive', 'interplay', 'between', 'the', 'deformation', 'energetics', 'and', 'the', 'sign', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'highlighting', 'robust', 'design', 'principles', 'that', 'determine', 'both', 'the', 'sign', 'and', 'extent', 'of', 'these', 'couplings', 'these', 'design', 'principles', 'have', 'been', 'already', 'exploited', 'by', 'nature', 'to', 'dynamically', 'engineer', 'such', 'couplings', 'and', 'have', 'broad', 'implications', 'in', 'mechanically', 'coupled', 'actuation', 'propulsion', 'and', 'transport', 'in', 'biology', 'and', 'technology']] | [-0.16407772600525777, 0.175941617359351, -0.04983482569778001, 0.005254390494797954, -0.06565460841477717, -0.14099743521941088, 0.0407666190521129, 0.4063440739620952, -0.2966901596710586, -0.33285916986056424, 0.02711517460591116, -0.24391658919169598, -0.23091544096526884, 0.12631123293434965, 0.05017663602914111, 0.02803686451816919, 0.011020642586502453, -0.059022287314682696, -0.01181215121357658, -0.12007207062575714, 0.26019548916339175, 0.043370876605028676, 0.36071182290817166, 0.12964930262060323, 0.09218766094004148, -0.0067147489015213, 0.021521368704661228, 0.03094060316481846, -0.16471320906234632, 0.14392844753202377, 0.2069561044676167, -0.014659596203395475, 0.2124367531700741, -0.49162310138719795, -0.19990230187923716, 0.0365294875395828, 0.10501967055251159, 0.13653247041671518, -0.05397187299079468, -0.24141718533465126, 0.01169118826471319, -0.11661996756486545, -0.11013798722872298, -0.1145463024778604, 0.025584224902168416, 0.04483644902431125, -0.22128929224665334, 0.09060183389877256, 0.00434019920438053, 0.10166625184750797, -0.08311800518691939, -0.11738072200397016, -0.06636326618011316, 0.13386861019613122, 0.09340352677715155, -0.0461233451012397, 0.17573650694771, -0.14247153927853343, -0.12403376892696591, 0.3930165622908397, -0.03204882250404948, -0.18411108569223308, 0.24029471485363008, -0.10822908774380816, -0.13870470219091732, 0.11120056440341193, 0.18302296357066838, 0.08111165908880957, -0.14963895817531037, 0.053876772340099584, 0.045472394757835356, 0.16034663164747517, 0.06961696009751685, 0.06256446619549354, 0.2705739027376743, 0.20322376774661494, -0.006943078846014386, 0.0988675702188239, -0.060074828897959134, -0.11426795348400037, -0.2439409782797498, -0.1189674653250399, -0.14570814939903332, 0.06120887642410652, -0.11256139733455138, -0.12659025351804426, 0.41919073720006333, 0.1354931824857794, 0.17384908825859127, -0.0051370808348214355, 0.23699834386524338, 0.021754887277704207, 0.10475597278083731, -0.009122608032627594, 0.3314558168241892, 0.18574985604414454, 0.09644796515208663, -0.3172921684833131, 0.08540047483378865, -0.013113847896206699] |
709.0559 | New Rotating Non-Extremal Black Holes in D=5 Maximal Gauged Supergravity | We obtain new non-extremal rotating black hole solutions in maximal
five-dimensional gauged supergravity. They are characterised by five
parameters, associated with the mass, the two angular momenta, and two
independently-specifiable charge parameters. Two of the three charges
associated with the U(1)^3 Cartan subgroup of the SO(6) gauge group are equal,
whilst the third can be independently specified. These new solutions generalise
all the previously-known rotating solutions in five-dimensional gauged
supergravity with independent angular momenta. They describe regular black
holes, provided the parameters lie in appropriate ranges so that naked
singularities and closed-timelike curves (CTCs) are avoided. We also construct
the BPS limit, and show that regular supersymmetric black holes or topological
solitons arise if the parameters are further restricted in an appropriate
manner.
| hep-th gr-qc | we obtain new nonextremal rotating black hole solutions in maximal fivedimensional gauged supergravity they are characterised by five parameters associated with the mass the two angular momenta and two independentlyspecifiable charge parameters two of the three charges associated with the u13 cartan subgroup of the so6 gauge group are equal whilst the third can be independently specified these new solutions generalise all the previouslyknown rotating solutions in fivedimensional gauged supergravity with independent angular momenta they describe regular black holes provided the parameters lie in appropriate ranges so that naked singularities and closedtimelike curves ctcs are avoided we also construct the bps limit and show that regular supersymmetric black holes or topological solitons arise if the parameters are further restricted in an appropriate manner | [['we', 'obtain', 'new', 'nonextremal', 'rotating', 'black', 'hole', 'solutions', 'in', 'maximal', 'fivedimensional', 'gauged', 'supergravity', 'they', 'are', 'characterised', 'by', 'five', 'parameters', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'mass', 'the', 'two', 'angular', 'momenta', 'and', 'two', 'independentlyspecifiable', 'charge', 'parameters', 'two', 'of', 'the', 'three', 'charges', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'u13', 'cartan', 'subgroup', 'of', 'the', 'so6', 'gauge', 'group', 'are', 'equal', 'whilst', 'the', 'third', 'can', 'be', 'independently', 'specified', 'these', 'new', 'solutions', 'generalise', 'all', 'the', 'previouslyknown', 'rotating', 'solutions', 'in', 'fivedimensional', 'gauged', 'supergravity', 'with', 'independent', 'angular', 'momenta', 'they', 'describe', 'regular', 'black', 'holes', 'provided', 'the', 'parameters', 'lie', 'in', 'appropriate', 'ranges', 'so', 'that', 'naked', 'singularities', 'and', 'closedtimelike', 'curves', 'ctcs', 'are', 'avoided', 'we', 'also', 'construct', 'the', 'bps', 'limit', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'regular', 'supersymmetric', 'black', 'holes', 'or', 'topological', 'solitons', 'arise', 'if', 'the', 'parameters', 'are', 'further', 'restricted', 'in', 'an', 'appropriate', 'manner']] | [-0.1823143747227251, 0.17753952868344852, -0.005785125731067224, 0.13832334358214346, -0.11176762382369027, -0.1975276780291653, -0.03837598420002244, 0.3264963001028196, -0.1528585516166496, -0.2814809324081279, 0.10959479098654668, -0.3134448219029125, -0.07786580157650957, 0.15959176131762748, -0.10506145335533772, 0.04450238133445844, 0.005539005549147356, 0.04938872057698236, -0.1315156929268288, -0.26343721373022094, 0.3891893840514697, -0.05832401678927747, 0.21911905187928726, -0.08308876262884395, 0.09943915778109111, -0.05512494726052646, 0.01590209792455666, 0.042902894883824524, -0.17055302286919394, 0.067421460678139, 0.23372789269143884, 0.07638745141365472, 0.09440795824024056, -0.4196746678145464, -0.18035461940640998, 0.13319547556740932, 0.2276208350465687, 0.14189552958556337, -0.06335129292127638, -0.2707711906626451, 0.06991296995831423, -0.21290341880911393, -0.22091465896045528, -0.1085775984077876, 0.02152844208623629, -0.003966484849980054, -0.20121171960052997, 0.09596887645133663, 0.052306690418800296, -0.0294084264319544, -0.11687561829789919, -0.07137550858295838, -0.1560159959091443, 0.07320609866749218, 0.15243407330391082, -0.014330504123460163, 0.13670285339736618, -0.106985967579367, -0.15616063291037624, 0.3107494166744334, -0.014468319175287712, -0.29957379159048075, 0.14900196744282998, -0.212915517378229, -0.1386489072441285, 0.12449719070664737, 0.08027652040324058, 0.21853049395294197, -0.1539872035014728, 0.1822009028944818, -0.04966596669174946, 0.11950921039443371, 0.15758520992634403, 0.07335293088262239, 0.3554430640334348, 0.043819474641326045, 0.012821098072800692, 0.1167610042155066, -0.004323881297480038, -0.07286872559088506, -0.3789535174377201, -0.09375422425214047, -0.09483387197025336, 0.0889498820982504, -0.20434679612789153, -0.1468306393487656, 0.37905225597229625, 0.06289207948802793, 0.19501705760952115, 0.038156063711532386, 0.16105279305976025, 0.08012067934513585, 0.07449373918054394, 0.13537165675743307, 0.31829325617906784, 0.10898651650044605, 0.033955660702522136, -0.23172008121109083, -0.17768514568124674, 0.15896775528080453] |
709.056 | Time-Domain Studies of Very-Large-Angle Magnetization Dynamics Excited
by Spin Transfer Torques | We describe time-domain measurements which provide new information about the
large-angle nonlinear dynamics of nanomagnets excited by spin-transfer torque
from a spin-polarized current. Sampling-oscilloscope measurements, which
average over thousands of experimental time traces, show that the mean reversal
time for spin-transfer-driven magnetic switching has a step-like dependence on
magnetic field, because an integer number of precession cycles is required for
reversal. Storage-oscilloscope measurements of individual experimental traces
reveal non-periodic large-amplitude resistance variations at values of magnetic
field and current in a crossover region between the regimes of
spin-transfer-driven switching and steady-state precession. We also observe
directly the existence of time-dependent switching, on the nanosecond scale,
between different precessional modes and between a precessional mode and a
static state, at particular values of magnetic field and current bias.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we describe timedomain measurements which provide new information about the largeangle nonlinear dynamics of nanomagnets excited by spintransfer torque from a spinpolarized current samplingoscilloscope measurements which average over thousands of experimental time traces show that the mean reversal time for spintransferdriven magnetic switching has a steplike dependence on magnetic field because an integer number of precession cycles is required for reversal storageoscilloscope measurements of individual experimental traces reveal nonperiodic largeamplitude resistance variations at values of magnetic field and current in a crossover region between the regimes of spintransferdriven switching and steadystate precession we also observe directly the existence of timedependent switching on the nanosecond scale between different precessional modes and between a precessional mode and a static state at particular values of magnetic field and current bias | [['we', 'describe', 'timedomain', 'measurements', 'which', 'provide', 'new', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'largeangle', 'nonlinear', 'dynamics', 'of', 'nanomagnets', 'excited', 'by', 'spintransfer', 'torque', 'from', 'a', 'spinpolarized', 'current', 'samplingoscilloscope', 'measurements', 'which', 'average', 'over', 'thousands', 'of', 'experimental', 'time', 'traces', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'mean', 'reversal', 'time', 'for', 'spintransferdriven', 'magnetic', 'switching', 'has', 'a', 'steplike', 'dependence', 'on', 'magnetic', 'field', 'because', 'an', 'integer', 'number', 'of', 'precession', 'cycles', 'is', 'required', 'for', 'reversal', 'storageoscilloscope', 'measurements', 'of', 'individual', 'experimental', 'traces', 'reveal', 'nonperiodic', 'largeamplitude', 'resistance', 'variations', 'at', 'values', 'of', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'current', 'in', 'a', 'crossover', 'region', 'between', 'the', 'regimes', 'of', 'spintransferdriven', 'switching', 'and', 'steadystate', 'precession', 'we', 'also', 'observe', 'directly', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'timedependent', 'switching', 'on', 'the', 'nanosecond', 'scale', 'between', 'different', 'precessional', 'modes', 'and', 'between', 'a', 'precessional', 'mode', 'and', 'a', 'static', 'state', 'at', 'particular', 'values', 'of', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'current', 'bias']] | [-0.23209184179455042, 0.19338079063699115, -0.0565900171995163, 0.008544887909665703, -0.07352425747364759, -0.09569209746830165, 0.05166478423774242, 0.3852617466300726, -0.2822147034853697, -0.3450737212896347, 0.05431567916087806, -0.22367680380088859, -0.08492706680856645, 0.2657190612964332, 0.05341403718083165, -0.003831008275737986, 0.02939934581518173, 0.013032535765552893, -0.05710009045246989, -0.13142202011233894, 0.25614519584178924, -0.003578126098960638, 0.30384795477986337, 0.04733046553377062, 0.1141274367943406, -0.008206905204802752, 0.07099912785738706, 0.04952215177938342, -0.13068487405247287, 0.005617088405415416, 0.19227914325892925, -0.0345899308770895, 0.20184828973934055, -0.5133433699905873, -0.18317538682324813, 0.04551690087467432, 0.10127517403289675, 0.16150408860109747, -0.042412157939746974, -0.26313309057429435, 0.043131229547783735, -0.0924004154074937, -0.07928341310005635, -0.11533017694763839, 0.0953690810939297, 0.05700528105627745, -0.30283949882537126, 0.12702550000860355, 0.05292281629517674, 0.14360673149675132, -0.10569157535210252, -0.054471365716308354, -0.02539817100763321, 0.08430112230405211, 0.08369328479282558, 0.06012709090765565, 0.18789735120534898, -0.11807493586931378, -0.17381679113954307, 0.24928174206614495, -0.11200299835763872, -0.116964775247965, 0.1278028302229941, -0.25184951766207814, -0.06133590718731284, 0.1664398757647723, 0.1667326467940584, 0.1343899833150208, -0.1167017936706543, 0.008054379337932915, 0.01149922240525484, 0.18829113227128982, 0.07586298805475235, 0.04852230297215283, 0.28403291618824006, 0.163013203157112, 0.07115531780198217, 0.11436534647643566, -0.17395199778303505, -0.09417998970113695, -0.27645669063925743, -0.0927108024135232, -0.16632467147777788, 0.0896020008996129, -0.08874263212399092, -0.14088959313370286, 0.4559667000011541, 0.1784476838633418, 0.17772468623146415, 0.019479333644732835, 0.32146829027682544, 0.13045273985434325, 0.04279489731043577, 0.0697289051823318, 0.25231458005309104, 0.17140829243697225, 0.15284138790052385, -0.36092608715035024, 0.09351068828441203, -0.06243370919674635] |
709.0561 | Quantifying Stochastic Effects in Biochemical Reaction Networks using
Partitioned Leaping | "Leaping" methods show great promise for significantly accelerating
stochastic simulations of complex biochemical reaction networks. However, few
practical applications of leaping have appeared in the literature to date.
Here, we address this issue using the "partitioned leaping algorithm" (PLA)
[L.A. Harris and P. Clancy, J. Chem. Phys. 125, 144107 (2006)], a
recently-introduced multiscale leaping approach. We use the PLA to investigate
stochastic effects in two model biochemical reaction networks. The networks
that we consider are simple enough so as to be accessible to our intuition but
sufficiently complex so as to be generally representative of real biological
systems. We demonstrate how the PLA allows us to quantify subtle effects of
stochasticity in these systems that would be difficult to ascertain otherwise
as well as not-so-subtle behaviors that would strain commonly-used "exact"
stochastic methods. We also illustrate bottlenecks that can hinder the approach
and exemplify and discuss possible strategies for overcoming them. Overall, our
aim is to aid and motivate future applications of leaping by providing stark
illustrations of the benefits of the method while at the same time elucidating
obstacles that are often encountered in practice.
| q-bio.SC physics.chem-ph q-bio.QM | leaping methods show great promise for significantly accelerating stochastic simulations of complex biochemical reaction networks however few practical applications of leaping have appeared in the literature to date here we address this issue using the partitioned leaping algorithm pla la harris and p clancy j chem phys 125 144107 2006 a recentlyintroduced multiscale leaping approach we use the pla to investigate stochastic effects in two model biochemical reaction networks the networks that we consider are simple enough so as to be accessible to our intuition but sufficiently complex so as to be generally representative of real biological systems we demonstrate how the pla allows us to quantify subtle effects of stochasticity in these systems that would be difficult to ascertain otherwise as well as notsosubtle behaviors that would strain commonlyused exact stochastic methods we also illustrate bottlenecks that can hinder the approach and exemplify and discuss possible strategies for overcoming them overall our aim is to aid and motivate future applications of leaping by providing stark illustrations of the benefits of the method while at the same time elucidating obstacles that are often encountered in practice | [['leaping', 'methods', 'show', 'great', 'promise', 'for', 'significantly', 'accelerating', 'stochastic', 'simulations', 'of', 'complex', 'biochemical', 'reaction', 'networks', 'however', 'few', 'practical', 'applications', 'of', 'leaping', 'have', 'appeared', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'to', 'date', 'here', 'we', 'address', 'this', 'issue', 'using', 'the', 'partitioned', 'leaping', 'algorithm', 'pla', 'la', 'harris', 'and', 'p', 'clancy', 'j', 'chem', 'phys', '125', '144107', '2006', 'a', 'recentlyintroduced', 'multiscale', 'leaping', 'approach', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'pla', 'to', 'investigate', 'stochastic', 'effects', 'in', 'two', 'model', 'biochemical', 'reaction', 'networks', 'the', 'networks', 'that', 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709.0562 | Quantum Coherence Conservation by Growth in Environmental Dissipation
Rate | Quantum coherence conservation is shown to be achieved by a very high rate of
dissipation of an environmental system coupled with a principal system. This
effect is not in the list of previously-known strategies of noise suppression,
such as Zeno effect, dynamical decoupling, quantum error correction code, and
decoherence free subspace. An analytical solution is found for a simplified
model of a single qubit coupled with an environmental single qubit dissipating
rapidly. We also show examples of coherence conservation in a spin-boson linear
coupling model with a numerical evaluation.
| quant-ph | quantum coherence conservation is shown to be achieved by a very high rate of dissipation of an environmental system coupled with a principal system this effect is not in the list of previouslyknown strategies of noise suppression such as zeno effect dynamical decoupling quantum error correction code and decoherence free subspace an analytical solution is found for a simplified model of a single qubit coupled with an environmental single qubit dissipating rapidly we also show examples of coherence conservation in a spinboson linear coupling model with a numerical evaluation | [['quantum', 'coherence', 'conservation', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'achieved', 'by', 'a', 'very', 'high', 'rate', 'of', 'dissipation', 'of', 'an', 'environmental', 'system', 'coupled', 'with', 'a', 'principal', 'system', 'this', 'effect', 'is', 'not', 'in', 'the', 'list', 'of', 'previouslyknown', 'strategies', 'of', 'noise', 'suppression', 'such', 'as', 'zeno', 'effect', 'dynamical', 'decoupling', 'quantum', 'error', 'correction', 'code', 'and', 'decoherence', 'free', 'subspace', 'an', 'analytical', 'solution', 'is', 'found', 'for', 'a', 'simplified', 'model', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'qubit', 'coupled', 'with', 'an', 'environmental', 'single', 'qubit', 'dissipating', 'rapidly', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'examples', 'of', 'coherence', 'conservation', 'in', 'a', 'spinboson', 'linear', 'coupling', 'model', 'with', 'a', 'numerical', 'evaluation']] | [-0.1950119076220821, 0.1416976134457267, -0.061912214273607796, 0.039718792242720055, 0.02342777523431885, -0.2231380184131329, 0.027156208882505976, 0.3292773593363635, -0.2733423205908765, -0.288903773280928, 0.0666620527116812, -0.2665272218625197, -0.11309718962214636, 0.2260448884041038, -0.07372560040774138, 0.10123129948722513, 0.08979846684136585, 0.041360261635540914, -0.0565386883119184, -0.2361093432632055, 0.2752048628096694, 0.10189124327309931, 0.2776938628279761, 0.02462941041383683, 0.13249887603994334, -0.04985932343942898, 0.04630119446141834, -7.374107502819447e-05, -0.07034953045292516, 0.014294018205045984, 0.20433502670984421, 0.07989226496161035, 0.2937370611124494, -0.3937406956500719, -0.25272308300730634, 0.04873501996671927, 0.1566640788459041, 0.21385311421132489, -0.09089837759063485, -0.2852206281857209, 0.014257058312886216, -0.24812452947155814, -0.08954135536247593, -0.09865536357425259, 0.013527858280315158, -0.03247693328584513, -0.3057477727082422, 0.09805071182526763, 0.09335990433595562, 0.0765529739372223, -0.02662542641288444, -0.015150469604858689, 0.005445288313066147, 0.09260679929441343, -0.006900260790010516, 0.012649660830626661, 0.15993266097489703, -0.1267853771948538, -0.13825308508239686, 0.3435279680206702, -0.1139484590973726, -0.26631868055111235, 0.17300158993895637, -0.08829812221543006, -0.0850569387542063, 0.13506863219140286, 0.13257196238996943, 0.09341610608141074, -0.20887679126364797, 0.045614849199839144, 0.021008280231460428, 0.23371748423224756, -0.024583718122056362, 0.1164758374778491, 0.1753010580556865, 0.20597802160119408, 0.09798209040603612, 0.1831882666689187, -0.04681081270401397, -0.12235280372244253, -0.31679662577598616, -0.14341165757936875, -0.18959257643397773, 0.12297366992482167, -0.09274861775322299, -0.15965937068679348, 0.37457634099455694, 0.1325098310042633, 0.13845982861945802, 0.030523132997188257, 0.30737743991312017, 0.1786473069243196, 0.059742753872689736, 0.054291311593914635, 0.24629832638867116, 0.17460716615190333, 0.0348859912286816, -0.3426218025250298, 0.013159687918600407, 0.002782107660484113] |
709.0563 | Deterministic dense coding and entanglement entropy | We present an analytical study of the standard two-party deterministic
dense-coding protocol, under which communication of perfectly distinguishable
messages takes place via a qudit from a pair of non-maximally entangled qudits
in pure state |S>. Our results include the following: (i) We prove that it is
possible for a state |S> with lower entanglement entropy to support the sending
of a greater number of perfectly distinguishable messages than one with higher
entanglement entropy, confirming a result suggested via numerical analysis in
Mozes et al. [Phys. Rev. A 71 012311 (2005)]. (ii) By explicit construction of
families of local unitary operators, we verify, for dimensions d = 3 and d=4, a
conjecture of Mozes et al. about the minimum entanglement entropy that supports
the sending of d + j messages, j = 2, ..., d-1; moreover, we show that the j=2
and j= d-1 cases of the conjecture are valid in all dimensions. (iii) Given
that |S> allows the sending of K messages and has the square roof of c as its
largest Schmidt coefficient, we show that the inequality c <= d/K, established
by Wu et al. [ Phys. Rev. A 73, 042311 (2006)], must actually take the form c <
d/K if K = d+1, while our constructions of local unitaries show that equality
can be realized if K = d+2 or K = 2d-1.
| quant-ph | we present an analytical study of the standard twoparty deterministic densecoding protocol under which communication of perfectly distinguishable messages takes place via a qudit from a pair of nonmaximally entangled qudits in pure state s our results include the following i we prove that it is possible for a state s with lower entanglement entropy to support the sending of a greater number of perfectly distinguishable messages than one with higher entanglement entropy confirming a result suggested via numerical analysis in mozes et al phys rev a 71 012311 2005 ii by explicit construction of families of local unitary operators we verify for dimensions d 3 and d4 a conjecture of mozes et al about the minimum entanglement entropy that supports the sending of d j messages j 2 d1 moreover we show that the j2 and j d1 cases of the conjecture are valid in all dimensions iii given that s allows the sending of k messages and has the square roof of c as its largest schmidt coefficient we show that the inequality c dk established by wu et al phys rev a 73 042311 2006 must actually take the form c dk if k d1 while our constructions of local unitaries show that equality can be realized if k d2 or k 2d1 | [['we', 'present', 'an', 'analytical', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'twoparty', 'deterministic', 'densecoding', 'protocol', 'under', 'which', 'communication', 'of', 'perfectly', 'distinguishable', 'messages', 'takes', 'place', 'via', 'a', 'qudit', 'from', 'a', 'pair', 'of', 'nonmaximally', 'entangled', 'qudits', 'in', 'pure', 'state', 's', 'our', 'results', 'include', 'the', 'following', 'i', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'for', 'a', 'state', 's', 'with', 'lower', 'entanglement', 'entropy', 'to', 'support', 'the', 'sending', 'of', 'a', 'greater', 'number', 'of', 'perfectly', 'distinguishable', 'messages', 'than', 'one', 'with', 'higher', 'entanglement', 'entropy', 'confirming', 'a', 'result', 'suggested', 'via', 'numerical', 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'local', 'unitaries', 'show', 'that', 'equality', 'can', 'be', 'realized', 'if', 'k', 'd2', 'or', 'k', '2d1']] | [-0.16223332522193265, 0.14278649483546538, -0.037801408755079466, -0.04186354435122981, -0.0022594485884514927, -0.25457642191942675, 0.10348974199308449, 0.2857994175196199, -0.1771292974046327, -0.271393388744757, 0.03322884009086971, -0.28189842967175344, -0.12895330222145107, 0.17025802115296126, -0.06717921634178574, 0.022663432244762503, 0.023318371362331385, 0.03854611466386329, -0.04070031613238791, -0.3539634663350532, 0.25233542852138524, 0.009093251595029904, 0.22504733515471964, 0.04239968659555339, 0.05303496466275026, 0.055397419922628276, -0.026361592436017833, -0.0014478754024209687, -0.18346785650272782, 0.07682534685428037, 0.23496499020501832, 0.18044434183943042, 0.20999030274922184, -0.35132504194522296, -0.21128116876730657, 0.12287730011854008, 0.08587156378698892, 0.11903414225899919, 0.04635633995090655, -0.3036991963685255, 0.08793867513794174, 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709.0564 | 3-bounded property in a triangle-free distance-regular graph | Let $\Gamma$ denote a distance-regular graph with classical parameters $(D,
b, \alpha, \beta)$ and $D\geq 3$. Assume the intersection numbers $a_1=0$ and
$a_2\not=0$. We show $\Gamma$ is 3-bounded in the sense of the article
[D-bounded distance-regular graphs, European Journal of Combinatorics(1997)18,
211-229].
| math.CO | let gamma denote a distanceregular graph with classical parameters d b alpha beta and dgeq 3 assume the intersection numbers a_10 and a_2not0 we show gamma is 3bounded in the sense of the article dbounded distanceregular graphs european journal of combinatorics199718 211229 | [['let', 'gamma', 'denote', 'a', 'distanceregular', 'graph', 'with', 'classical', 'parameters', 'd', 'b', 'alpha', 'beta', 'and', 'dgeq', '3', 'assume', 'the', 'intersection', 'numbers', 'a_10', 'and', 'a_2not0', 'we', 'show', 'gamma', 'is', '3bounded', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'of', 'the', 'article', 'dbounded', 'distanceregular', 'graphs', 'european', 'journal', 'of', 'combinatorics199718', '211229']] | [-0.19832553143205586, 0.19396571500692517, -0.008901556179625913, 0.0012093474302673712, -0.08826736183837056, -0.22109476452460514, 0.05118653055324103, 0.3178651247173548, -0.278917497524526, -0.25088092433288695, 0.01587312432238832, -0.3537251145578921, -0.12578993039205671, 0.13479332122951745, -0.10748474965803326, -0.02524340390227735, 0.1124743928317912, 0.1324120558099821, 0.0481519041582942, -0.20517627405133682, 0.29838471217080953, -0.05175315080559813, 0.11565702534280717, 0.06078509744256735, -0.012275625090114772, 0.03690924107795581, -0.09302921686321497, 0.025882359710521996, -0.30657260182779283, 0.09362624899949878, 0.2512636628118344, 0.11849469752633013, 0.20054203299805523, -0.2531915721017867, -0.13326709902030415, 0.2688465212006122, 0.10862732427194714, -0.18632654706016183, 0.12270073492545634, -0.24324358289595693, 0.12521521055605261, -0.14255405507865362, -0.17499630867969246, 0.039810239570215344, 0.1803990576416254, 0.03524823975749314, -0.3587335359072313, -0.030478626606054604, 0.08967207735404373, 0.10284526816103608, 0.08674648095620796, -0.24858639864251017, -0.024119902739766986, 0.03119830446084961, -0.07455879992921836, 0.10164265899220482, 0.029887278366368265, -0.0751375280553475, -0.20245843776792755, 0.39021478686481714, -0.027514304732903838, -0.1585581987630576, 0.054818163358140735, -0.28451546577271075, -0.2072312497301027, 0.05711450255475938, 0.12878332007676363, 0.14463358698412776, -0.030659031262621282, 0.31586183719045946, -0.09257675434928388, 0.12537967986427248, 0.14952278984710574, -0.04116035846236628, 0.04179691453464329, 0.07936657436657697, 0.07026273417286574, 0.1212303715525195, -0.04981931759975851, 0.06744531264994294, -0.337695546541363, -0.10224089484545403, -0.17758592744357884, 0.19396889216732233, -0.17986069428661722, -0.1459427751833573, 0.31398661541752515, -0.010389087379735429, 0.11675772508606315, 0.10178177257766947, 0.09854434018488974, 0.005695033771917224, -0.09548490986198885, 0.19917555366409942, 0.08771614506840705, 0.23596384313277668, -0.01279456545598805, -0.10216418980853632, -0.00126062881317921, 0.15131700478959828] |
709.0565 | Orthosymplectic Lie superalgebras in superspace analogues of quantum
Kepler problems | A Schroedinger type equation on the superspace R^{D|2n} is studied, which
involves a potential inversely proportional to the negative of the osp(D|2n)
invariant "distance" away from the origin. An osp(2,D+1|2n) dynamical
supersymmetry for the system is explicitly constructed, and the bound states of
the system are shown to form an irreducible highest weight module for this
superalgebra. A thorough understanding of the structure of the irreducible
module is obtained. This in particular enables the determination of the energy
eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenspaces as well as their respective
dimensions.
| math-ph hep-th math.MP math.RT | a schroedinger type equation on the superspace rd2n is studied which involves a potential inversely proportional to the negative of the ospd2n invariant distance away from the origin an osp2d12n dynamical supersymmetry for the system is explicitly constructed and the bound states of the system are shown to form an irreducible highest weight module for this superalgebra a thorough understanding of the structure of the irreducible module is obtained this in particular enables the determination of the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenspaces as well as their respective dimensions | [['a', 'schroedinger', 'type', 'equation', 'on', 'the', 'superspace', 'rd2n', 'is', 'studied', 'which', 'involves', 'a', 'potential', 'inversely', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'negative', 'of', 'the', 'ospd2n', 'invariant', 'distance', 'away', 'from', 'the', 'origin', 'an', 'osp2d12n', 'dynamical', 'supersymmetry', 'for', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'explicitly', 'constructed', 'and', 'the', 'bound', 'states', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'form', 'an', 'irreducible', 'highest', 'weight', 'module', 'for', 'this', 'superalgebra', 'a', 'thorough', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'irreducible', 'module', 'is', 'obtained', 'this', 'in', 'particular', 'enables', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'the', 'energy', 'eigenvalues', 'and', 'the', 'corresponding', 'eigenspaces', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'their', 'respective', 'dimensions']] | [-0.14195703385738917, 0.08824040900630238, -0.05238716355200077, 0.04429294637453114, -0.061495566421166756, -0.09236480018562572, -0.0209956496065959, 0.29908984115477216, -0.29657390802492234, -0.255164748577531, 0.10286239619491362, -0.28109538932547495, -0.16129292142685764, 0.1567540584608566, -0.019216712466765973, 0.03029589746472274, 0.03788898635092516, 0.14875637814619166, -0.1030707461921888, -0.19091897107779893, 0.38060003580243956, 0.09373382833071572, 0.2652305120055369, 0.05816613927315704, 0.15879158474245045, 0.005790854678326828, 0.002519751411624426, -0.06944205124624246, -0.11385261329861499, 0.12867441332457738, 0.20667095878702957, 0.0666869359339999, 0.20350008165777855, -0.3547554696411934, -0.15236112414209477, 0.12150135030969977, 0.1700444349066116, 0.08157641076087561, 0.00997546111466363, -0.2878937146106605, 0.057835442208966546, -0.17294545315184393, -0.1981148233225699, -0.05607790846464246, 0.05613581033770081, -0.03819795106645933, -0.24205229354299454, 0.062485671374773566, 0.0573439172649794, 0.03201693543070538, -0.13496714974970145, -0.1369682835539543, -0.0753025016666195, 0.1432921118048821, 0.01743703480907391, 0.02058442878038731, 0.0957528444949191, -0.14308145757612967, -0.0965709654177095, 0.3769540239861885, -0.02379406377711052, -0.23952206483024152, 0.1636724577307008, -0.13030520427517248, -0.0837356977998604, 0.1205743198651214, 0.12769453439774903, 0.11649493674942574, -0.13936430691310941, 0.14232738909371154, -0.042817866456759876, 0.11961934621294223, 0.030998822883702815, 0.03942046741559712, 0.19147848800301207, 0.12208762147388053, 0.07186106522026103, 0.14095041393518967, -0.01028000230110402, -0.08196058409115256, -0.3617448598839516, -0.18594651173077373, -0.2084789340503427, 0.08194246795028448, -0.08213136233030656, -0.15743220491454257, 0.4479444193366785, 0.07075733654634205, 0.2319614213653082, 0.06094102423535227, 0.22971898566411678, 0.1790472449556123, 0.09649514638396456, 0.033729646230376394, 0.21793402973995651, 0.18098096399795438, 0.057345409124959695, -0.24470638206193418, 0.009862388369456736, 0.13034978195981578] |
709.0566 | Discovering Patterns in Multi-neuronal Spike Trains using the Frequent
Episode Method | Discovering the 'Neural Code' from multi-neuronal spike trains is an
important task in neuroscience. For such an analysis, it is important to
unearth interesting regularities in the spiking patterns. In this report, we
present an efficient method for automatically discovering synchrony, synfire
chains, and more general sequences of neuronal firings. We use the Frequent
Episode Discovery framework of Laxman, Sastry, and Unnikrishnan (2005), in
which the episodes are represented and recognized using finite-state automata.
Many aspects of functional connectivity between neuronal populations can be
inferred from the episodes. We demonstrate these using simulated multi-neuronal
data from a Poisson model. We also present a method to assess the statistical
significance of the discovered episodes. Since the Temporal Data Mining (TDM)
methods used in this report can analyze data from hundreds and potentially
thousands of neurons, we argue that this framework is appropriate for
discovering the `Neural Code'.
| cs.DB q-bio.NC | discovering the neural code from multineuronal spike trains is an important task in neuroscience for such an analysis it is important to unearth interesting regularities in the spiking patterns in this report we present an efficient method for automatically discovering synchrony synfire chains and more general sequences of neuronal firings we use the frequent episode discovery framework of laxman sastry and unnikrishnan 2005 in which the episodes are represented and recognized using finitestate automata many aspects of functional connectivity between neuronal populations can be inferred from the episodes we demonstrate these using simulated multineuronal data from a poisson model we also present a method to assess the statistical significance of the discovered episodes since the temporal data mining tdm methods used in this report can analyze data from hundreds and potentially thousands of neurons we argue that this framework is appropriate for discovering the neural code | [['discovering', 'the', 'neural', 'code', 'from', 'multineuronal', 'spike', 'trains', 'is', 'an', 'important', 'task', 'in', 'neuroscience', 'for', 'such', 'an', 'analysis', 'it', 'is', 'important', 'to', 'unearth', 'interesting', 'regularities', 'in', 'the', 'spiking', 'patterns', 'in', 'this', 'report', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'efficient', 'method', 'for', 'automatically', 'discovering', 'synchrony', 'synfire', 'chains', 'and', 'more', 'general', 'sequences', 'of', 'neuronal', 'firings', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'frequent', 'episode', 'discovery', 'framework', 'of', 'laxman', 'sastry', 'and', 'unnikrishnan', '2005', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'episodes', 'are', 'represented', 'and', 'recognized', 'using', 'finitestate', 'automata', 'many', 'aspects', 'of', 'functional', 'connectivity', 'between', 'neuronal', 'populations', 'can', 'be', 'inferred', 'from', 'the', 'episodes', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'these', 'using', 'simulated', 'multineuronal', 'data', 'from', 'a', 'poisson', 'model', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'a', 'method', 'to', 'assess', 'the', 'statistical', 'significance', 'of', 'the', 'discovered', 'episodes', 'since', 'the', 'temporal', 'data', 'mining', 'tdm', 'methods', 'used', 'in', 'this', 'report', 'can', 'analyze', 'data', 'from', 'hundreds', 'and', 'potentially', 'thousands', 'of', 'neurons', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'this', 'framework', 'is', 'appropriate', 'for', 'discovering', 'the', 'neural', 'code']] | [-0.08268270603268696, 0.08296340021158263, -0.06480491520387345, 0.1454488689593714, -0.06373658825097413, -0.11877919359389565, 0.06452608714522473, 0.4247803557728385, -0.2997228169749523, -0.32465772671175414, 0.09847769598428417, -0.24881594825921388, -0.2694881354940349, 0.2161229328075745, -0.07267771191766549, 0.04098525044090789, 0.12186044221743941, 0.0353086830598527, 0.020160321957142704, -0.2139672313624158, 0.25925053520417163, 0.05364232432289884, 0.2813910169559049, -0.033604066329205345, 0.10234806396243773, -0.034362657795306936, -0.07206748485693644, -0.05164687808859965, -0.0800392066532493, 0.17321340582686764, 0.3288007187271683, 0.229793305416463, 0.2983728028095231, -0.4778697287342672, -0.24474214954494403, 0.1156854311109657, 0.1525491413403431, 0.1476771173830112, -0.05076972801962883, -0.3156987728872176, 0.09180781215365078, -0.16339787411792525, -0.04384758897318408, -0.12199340716389746, 0.012129369930460536, 0.03750289193964724, -0.25760612410075706, 0.07992970060199853, 0.04736197623584805, 0.112488424018475, -0.03766384950903212, -0.03766349653536775, 0.02812754278360256, 0.1483713881337437, 0.039961537867302784, -0.002090370698414486, 0.1037613979187505, -0.11290212333973111, -0.169233710489011, 0.3062946106788927, -0.028384677651498852, -0.11759177246291576, 0.21491187734465148, -0.07724264662969729, -0.22731232883023292, 0.09017725455863722, 0.22039165452508064, 0.10927133460625492, -0.22808132720468888, -0.028955316082735, -0.019508747496353143, 0.22167712359785519, 0.03230628403674426, -0.00652775911991645, 0.2251537593499083, 0.2641561204631781, -0.025136432694351493, 0.16031860089700284, -0.1314738546401776, -0.060997367252049774, -0.21834857062334276, -0.06844921497435405, -0.12550915017210204, 0.011403735650799655, -0.09012381778026385, -0.12885709450708638, 0.43488071771370695, 0.21015299391643755, 0.20250469751912972, 0.05818577589916772, 0.24328428073625627, 0.0608507775284093, 0.09867387950693353, 0.10543150600198464, 0.15478898247960826, 0.08264049738003262, 0.11108192588877061, -0.1776928374479557, 0.12396911553524692, 0.02049079038331221] |
709.0567 | Isotopic dependence of the giant monopole resonance in the even-A
^{112-124}Sn isotopes and the asymmetry term in nuclear incompressibility | The strength distributions of the giant monopole resonance (GMR) have been
measured in the even-A Sn isotopes (A=112--124) with inelastic scattering of
400-MeV $\alpha$ particles in the angular range
$0^\circ$--$8.5^\circ$. We find that the experimentally-observed GMR energies
of the Sn isotopes are lower than the values predicted by theoretical
calculations that reproduce the GMR energies in $^{208}$Pb and $^{90}$Zr very
well. From the GMR data, a value of $K_{\tau} = -550 \pm 100$ MeV is obtained
for the asymmetry-term in the nuclear incompressibility.
| nucl-ex | the strength distributions of the giant monopole resonance gmr have been measured in the evena sn isotopes a112124 with inelastic scattering of 400mev alpha particles in the angular range 0circ85circ we find that the experimentallyobserved gmr energies of the sn isotopes are lower than the values predicted by theoretical calculations that reproduce the gmr energies in 208pb and 90zr very well from the gmr data a value of k_tau 550 pm 100 mev is obtained for the asymmetryterm in the nuclear incompressibility | [['the', 'strength', 'distributions', 'of', 'the', 'giant', 'monopole', 'resonance', 'gmr', 'have', 'been', 'measured', 'in', 'the', 'evena', 'sn', 'isotopes', 'a112124', 'with', 'inelastic', 'scattering', 'of', '400mev', 'alpha', 'particles', 'in', 'the', 'angular', 'range', '0circ85circ', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'experimentallyobserved', 'gmr', 'energies', 'of', 'the', 'sn', 'isotopes', 'are', 'lower', 'than', 'the', 'values', 'predicted', 'by', 'theoretical', 'calculations', 'that', 'reproduce', 'the', 'gmr', 'energies', 'in', '208pb', 'and', '90zr', 'very', 'well', 'from', 'the', 'gmr', 'data', 'a', 'value', 'of', 'k_tau', '550', 'pm', '100', 'mev', 'is', 'obtained', 'for', 'the', 'asymmetryterm', 'in', 'the', 'nuclear', 'incompressibility']] | [-0.012179691898577575, 0.16886275739090728, -0.056762343237200114, 0.11604347605334854, 0.01575061777434194, -0.0762626274748222, 0.00749581112656035, 0.3599534270506871, -0.1289448221508838, -0.36734554574742345, -0.09194058730396666, -0.3687442082652374, 0.019243574235864615, 0.18856451131957525, 0.12101021920377979, 0.010220448443956401, 0.0643518811940581, 0.07871426690570256, -0.08855981320802923, -0.12171874530141867, 0.2614254174058479, 0.10607765014931748, 0.25545791571936277, 0.11223803199474004, 0.0024083846365101635, -0.04195831796814558, 0.12629571905996226, -0.04004050930372522, -0.19729013370347792, 0.0537345963471298, 0.2552769023253099, -0.010005939318621648, 0.12083421778994836, -0.3907346181995884, -0.17103975872167304, 0.0888471454676665, 0.15881663553204528, 0.11411251390759562, -0.04444220916757101, -0.2937855320404979, 0.09536674552113761, -0.22154767277556223, -0.16190875466040608, -0.02967702146454514, 0.05658237412689796, 0.09768830169039437, -0.2715443252951284, 0.12707154905494256, -0.016932280532296607, 0.08732741916929063, -0.16013882879191374, -0.3460871559432177, -0.04153675092325275, -0.013030419096680759, 0.12217780847184925, 0.010215755770147978, 0.17195191034528462, -0.09150248580270365, -0.020095716019844802, 0.3553837741241802, -0.033175026642230834, -0.016428593840874448, 0.06294156596819057, -0.2462103957652197, -0.07819877626209319, 0.22696976401383365, 0.09246865987683399, 0.12252783435809461, -0.15601030315119255, 0.08958691619027147, 0.005105754484339983, 0.16867607461783704, 0.0798854891481939, 0.03725320243577272, 0.1507006980761697, 0.202394504617322, -0.04404893988755213, -0.006021205596684749, -0.2679363477244219, -0.008630774835643323, -0.2421122482945388, -0.040015960548403146, -0.1919972151989424, 0.0916373686689244, -0.10989818255151063, -0.07716132676349717, 0.35103837118920267, 0.051150287911178004, 0.2776456527718449, -0.00773727131087946, 0.22866988789785322, 0.10375162852998776, 0.12308648097788609, 0.033124959485346, 0.4224396096188811, 0.2509069804579633, 0.1385463241110497, -0.28044476524242967, 0.07793838750641746, -0.05512802016367264] |
709.0568 | Plastic flow in polycrystal states in a binary mixture | Using molecular dynamics simulation we examine dynamics in sheared
polycrystal states in a binary mixture containing 10% larger particles in two
dimensions. We find large stress fluctuations arising from sliding motions of
the particles at the grain boundaries, which occur cooperatively to release the
elastic energy stored. These dynamic processes are visualized with the aid of a
sixfold angle $\alpha_j(t)$ representing the local crystal orientation and a
disorder variable $D_j(t)$ representing a deviation from the hexagonal order
for particle $j$.
| cond-mat.soft | using molecular dynamics simulation we examine dynamics in sheared polycrystal states in a binary mixture containing 10 larger particles in two dimensions we find large stress fluctuations arising from sliding motions of the particles at the grain boundaries which occur cooperatively to release the elastic energy stored these dynamic processes are visualized with the aid of a sixfold angle alpha_jt representing the local crystal orientation and a disorder variable d_jt representing a deviation from the hexagonal order for particle j | [['using', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'simulation', 'we', 'examine', 'dynamics', 'in', 'sheared', 'polycrystal', 'states', 'in', 'a', 'binary', 'mixture', 'containing', '10', 'larger', 'particles', 'in', 'two', 'dimensions', 'we', 'find', 'large', 'stress', 'fluctuations', 'arising', 'from', 'sliding', 'motions', 'of', 'the', 'particles', 'at', 'the', 'grain', 'boundaries', 'which', 'occur', 'cooperatively', 'to', 'release', 'the', 'elastic', 'energy', 'stored', 'these', 'dynamic', 'processes', 'are', 'visualized', 'with', 'the', 'aid', 'of', 'a', 'sixfold', 'angle', 'alpha_jt', 'representing', 'the', 'local', 'crystal', 'orientation', 'and', 'a', 'disorder', 'variable', 'd_jt', 'representing', 'a', 'deviation', 'from', 'the', 'hexagonal', 'order', 'for', 'particle', 'j']] | [-0.15667974221287295, 0.25267763159936296, -0.05190136539458763, 0.006375732773449272, 0.0005382558185374365, -0.07472936198464594, 0.020964620597078466, 0.3679461902705953, -0.31617119116708636, -0.3153066873084754, 0.036558292365225495, -0.290348720329348, -0.08828746301587671, 0.09072751370986225, 0.05068653540220112, 0.032636189070763065, 0.03509510611766018, -0.018980202806415037, -0.017860468609433154, -0.15788906218658666, 0.2600261095794849, 0.02574053971329704, 0.2675387344777846, -0.032258888392243536, 0.1016354229854187, 0.040160126928822135, 0.006606423133052886, 0.08845665686530993, -0.19047811497584916, 0.08578968817819259, 0.20509741372079587, -0.06376584648969583, 0.1892123600618106, -0.4708643309684703, -0.21841785113792866, 0.05844134865910746, 0.09673725768807344, 0.1412427015413414, -0.03530023961793631, -0.26735970443842233, 0.019657937239389866, -0.12583481579786165, -0.16561867194250227, -0.029118317432585174, 0.013665883906651289, 0.05619773957878351, -0.26332136826822533, 0.15737090193433687, 0.016886418845388107, 0.11891832386609166, -0.10429130495758727, -0.09047403189761098, -0.09457076170074288, 0.10446354480227456, 0.022090726508758964, 0.010641762064187788, 0.22382396970060653, -0.12968079149723052, -0.1014736078795977, 0.41102061758283526, -0.02483065138949314, -0.20634998103196267, 0.2133248127240222, -0.16072561177425088, -0.11157703787903302, 0.2289408030337654, 0.21918807355614262, 0.07949754939618288, -0.12917071667252458, 0.021650758224859602, 0.0017789868506952189, 0.19369161197682844, 0.11272350863437168, -0.022550321341259404, 0.2533103955502156, 0.17213263240410015, 0.0010249350918456912, 0.2001205619191751, -0.18239596404600888, -0.1602426930097863, -0.26845817517023535, -0.15775103364139795, -0.19423217594157904, 0.04941688796388917, -0.13126542111840536, -0.17459596043918282, 0.33827353949309324, 0.08404383074375801, 0.20719402609393, -0.00511892231006641, 0.19795322845166083, 0.023922785598551856, 0.0801397452072706, 0.08217488725786097, 0.21251122406683862, 0.10733895238954574, 0.10947858523577451, -0.22309456596558447, 0.05395151044067461, 0.023151814995799214] |
709.0569 | Observations of Sunspot Oscillations in G band and Ca II H line with
Solar Optical Telescope on Hinode | Exploiting high-resolution observations made by the Solar Optical Telescope
onboard Hinode, we investigate the spatial distribution of power spectral
density of oscillatory signal in and around NOAA active region 10935. The
G-band data show that in the umbra the oscillatory power is suppressed in all
frequency ranges. On the other hand, in Ca II H intensity maps oscillations in
the umbra, so-called umbral flashes, are clearly seen with the power peaking
around 5.5 mHz. The Ca II H power distribution shows the enhanced elements with
the spatial scale of the umbral flashes over most of the umbra but there is a
region with suppressed power at the center of the umbra. The origin and
property of this node-like feature remain unexplained.
| astro-ph | exploiting highresolution observations made by the solar optical telescope onboard hinode we investigate the spatial distribution of power spectral density of oscillatory signal in and around noaa active region 10935 the gband data show that in the umbra the oscillatory power is suppressed in all frequency ranges on the other hand in ca ii h intensity maps oscillations in the umbra socalled umbral flashes are clearly seen with the power peaking around 55 mhz the ca ii h power distribution shows the enhanced elements with the spatial scale of the umbral flashes over most of the umbra but there is a region with suppressed power at the center of the umbra the origin and property of this nodelike feature remain unexplained | [['exploiting', 'highresolution', 'observations', 'made', 'by', 'the', 'solar', 'optical', 'telescope', 'onboard', 'hinode', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'spatial', 'distribution', 'of', 'power', 'spectral', 'density', 'of', 'oscillatory', 'signal', 'in', 'and', 'around', 'noaa', 'active', 'region', '10935', 'the', 'gband', 'data', 'show', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'umbra', 'the', 'oscillatory', 'power', 'is', 'suppressed', 'in', 'all', 'frequency', 'ranges', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'in', 'ca', 'ii', 'h', 'intensity', 'maps', 'oscillations', 'in', 'the', 'umbra', 'socalled', 'umbral', 'flashes', 'are', 'clearly', 'seen', 'with', 'the', 'power', 'peaking', 'around', '55', 'mhz', 'the', 'ca', 'ii', 'h', 'power', 'distribution', 'shows', 'the', 'enhanced', 'elements', 'with', 'the', 'spatial', 'scale', 'of', 'the', 'umbral', 'flashes', 'over', 'most', 'of', 'the', 'umbra', 'but', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'region', 'with', 'suppressed', 'power', 'at', 'the', 'center', 'of', 'the', 'umbra', 'the', 'origin', 'and', 'property', 'of', 'this', 'nodelike', 'feature', 'remain', 'unexplained']] | [-0.11991323496615283, 0.17279235499310652, -0.011519004302176316, 0.04749760393934586, -0.04566952107812871, -0.08213759810001828, 0.02358622302893888, 0.42477447213220204, -0.25699694466696327, -0.3155776786979688, 0.08742570447108193, -0.31889090942572956, -0.10225168159924262, 0.20317376918382635, -0.038372404731459885, -0.03779721332229058, 0.05258350868609326, 0.019323198786698095, -0.004468231098264579, -0.11664254756448098, 0.25674890603654643, 0.13785268818913413, 0.28049392039187193, -0.016756353732188856, 0.02658234324310098, -0.1265854702315732, -0.08638528864138013, 0.012456149948098936, -0.06374144596994175, 0.07124901400140125, 0.24139263621754636, 0.09983442798603234, 0.22744682264968383, -0.4182401302786282, -0.22094137468644656, 0.07786128121189588, 0.1804893510974174, -0.0521078955359018, -0.028142555198278123, -0.2869483052622065, 0.065801045657251, -0.06154782119522656, -0.12314791149221176, 0.09959306059913202, 0.04716034336708301, 0.04485482667103287, -0.22896134577814706, 0.10098934835900576, 0.03219906498162337, 0.16113198909539084, -0.06774581886812552, -0.07878855145574848, -0.05910518936416488, 0.09276431514150348, 0.0607714498875478, -0.03396654922480518, 0.15844218638939167, -0.11755417850568953, -0.011971589806104802, 0.32423247925721665, -0.0839195139725377, 0.02949281582562638, 0.09601974834818855, -0.28867758705457747, -0.1257180224215104, 0.216829506187769, 0.10532316395604968, 0.0726664522200946, -0.03439348123578955, 0.09325916664809573, -0.033175656500788145, 0.20913255421737256, 0.10470259769373258, 0.07986622939871485, 0.23801703676427446, 0.10142321527496842, 0.06831223202853902, 0.09788495474850975, -0.3220552047926255, -0.06429124027413648, -0.27450508925070877, -0.0869212330218928, -0.12254327981567303, 0.003565657406675914, -0.09637288607571327, -0.14696589123442277, 0.447732231772143, 0.11351689346103876, 0.2455869794261357, 0.0015926347806865025, 0.27579834097842415, 0.12936792004476338, 0.12314641313273306, 0.13115039790695734, 0.31121539246013835, 0.16246758161058789, 0.21279748715364089, -0.25352234720860506, 0.007178138433532281, 0.007050488618479595] |
709.057 | Holographic Thermodynamics at Finite Baryon Density: Some Exact Results | We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to study the thermodynamics of massive N=2
supersymmetric hypermultiplets coupled to N=4 supersymmetric SU(Nc) Yang-Mills
theory in the limits of large Nc and large 't Hooft coupling. In particular, we
study the theory at finite baryon number density. At zero temperature, we
present an exact expression for the hypermultiplets' leading-order contribution
to the free energy, and in the supergravity description we clarify which
D-brane configuration is appropriate for any given value of the chemical
potential. We find a second-order phase transition when the chemical potential
equals the mass. At finite temperature, we present an exact expression for the
hypermultiplets' leading-order contribution to the free energy at zero mass.
| hep-th | we use the adscft correspondence to study the thermodynamics of massive n2 supersymmetric hypermultiplets coupled to n4 supersymmetric sunc yangmills theory in the limits of large nc and large t hooft coupling in particular we study the theory at finite baryon number density at zero temperature we present an exact expression for the hypermultiplets leadingorder contribution to the free energy and in the supergravity description we clarify which dbrane configuration is appropriate for any given value of the chemical potential we find a secondorder phase transition when the chemical potential equals the mass at finite temperature we present an exact expression for the hypermultiplets leadingorder contribution to the free energy at zero mass | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'adscft', 'correspondence', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'thermodynamics', 'of', 'massive', 'n2', 'supersymmetric', 'hypermultiplets', 'coupled', 'to', 'n4', 'supersymmetric', 'sunc', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'in', 'the', 'limits', 'of', 'large', 'nc', 'and', 'large', 't', 'hooft', 'coupling', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'theory', 'at', 'finite', 'baryon', 'number', 'density', 'at', 'zero', 'temperature', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'exact', 'expression', 'for', 'the', 'hypermultiplets', 'leadingorder', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'supergravity', 'description', 'we', 'clarify', 'which', 'dbrane', 'configuration', 'is', 'appropriate', 'for', 'any', 'given', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'chemical', 'potential', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'secondorder', 'phase', 'transition', 'when', 'the', 'chemical', 'potential', 'equals', 'the', 'mass', 'at', 'finite', 'temperature', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'exact', 'expression', 'for', 'the', 'hypermultiplets', 'leadingorder', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'at', 'zero', 'mass']] | [-0.13330524748364314, 0.20000973409191145, -0.033264942572295536, 0.08085318847324502, -0.03286931286277497, -0.10540326588696479, 0.0351279873145431, 0.2867087642827063, -0.14990667047687864, -0.27204335642055466, 0.011918666134835674, -0.3194289231194859, -0.10497440213123255, 0.05042764819762875, -0.0036521322646104128, 0.020209178806538077, -0.022569990922919416, 0.12531022765813807, -0.11738312313646342, -0.2213805893866708, 0.32124070542971644, 0.020341227976687713, 0.2639417450677241, 0.15095158875713835, 0.09348368226855466, 0.001092330894671974, 0.03983106735714637, -0.019125222986712393, -0.1967504601431104, 0.0724497122558213, 0.2629170012948787, 0.030057034949747336, 0.12649723814915767, -0.4297551704587135, -0.18613771125014905, 0.13320277539180772, 0.14409397736158783, 0.20473596732960436, -0.03737095324734671, -0.18580167475197695, 0.06342275908414637, -0.19719239517395276, -0.22205473750467059, -0.07767304370542412, 0.02349930106604521, -0.11392066759197453, -0.2913194323428371, 0.10604810437797445, -0.05615305153661267, 0.04374798461465181, -0.07415309521180075, -0.10656349758609338, -0.07377507188357413, 0.09805972189606431, 0.09852954037116626, 0.05865510162048503, 0.11911942167784524, -0.21274318811854562, -0.054657248174359574, 0.3332988792717193, -0.12551267161981855, -0.18653121321931876, 0.16736508049977433, -0.16884712232029545, -0.17991746262342265, 0.11454731975146364, 0.13108181674445493, 0.16500951392180493, -0.14125604755968882, 0.2409207419918817, 0.011107249901448665, 0.14811485887101267, 0.08415325314004336, 0.024583575183904804, 0.24910347962306928, 0.13004643083920917, 0.035623489037893745, 0.12717631991655953, -0.032271014992147684, -0.12535973378087278, -0.44359606448396116, -0.13571019971586631, -0.1605334022140081, 0.0951271520070402, -0.16426386734016396, -0.17501533750972126, 0.34008922775284245, 0.16717957445642853, 0.164426739269917, 0.10337925565210625, 0.255191714185562, 0.17421655658430593, 0.04816789083611385, 0.05148851402944564, 0.23545261055428898, 0.21506521549998922, 0.10236294323627927, -0.33504260457079627, -0.17118052330148298, 0.1745169474928747] |
709.0571 | Thermoacoustic effects in supercritical fluids near the critical point:
Resonance, piston effect, and acoustic emission and reflection | We present a general theory of thermoacoustic phenomena in supercritical
fluids near the critical point in a one-dimensional cell. We take into account
the effects of the heat conduction in the boundary walls and the bulk viscosity
near the critical point. We introduce a coefficient $Z(\omega)$ characterizing
reflection of sound with frequency $\omega$ at the boundary. As applications,
we examine the acoustic eigenmodes in the cell, the response to time-dependent
perturbations, sound emission and reflection at the boundary. Resonance and
rapid adiabatic changes are noteworthy. In these processes, the role of the
thermal diffusion layers is enhanced near the critical point because of the
strong critical divergence of the thermal expansion.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | we present a general theory of thermoacoustic phenomena in supercritical fluids near the critical point in a onedimensional cell we take into account the effects of the heat conduction in the boundary walls and the bulk viscosity near the critical point we introduce a coefficient zomega characterizing reflection of sound with frequency omega at the boundary as applications we examine the acoustic eigenmodes in the cell the response to timedependent perturbations sound emission and reflection at the boundary resonance and rapid adiabatic changes are noteworthy in these processes the role of the thermal diffusion layers is enhanced near the critical point because of the strong critical divergence of the thermal expansion | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'general', 'theory', 'of', 'thermoacoustic', 'phenomena', 'in', 'supercritical', 'fluids', 'near', 'the', 'critical', 'point', 'in', 'a', 'onedimensional', 'cell', 'we', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'the', 'heat', 'conduction', 'in', 'the', 'boundary', 'walls', 'and', 'the', 'bulk', 'viscosity', 'near', 'the', 'critical', 'point', 'we', 'introduce', 'a', 'coefficient', 'zomega', 'characterizing', 'reflection', 'of', 'sound', 'with', 'frequency', 'omega', 'at', 'the', 'boundary', 'as', 'applications', 'we', 'examine', 'the', 'acoustic', 'eigenmodes', 'in', 'the', 'cell', 'the', 'response', 'to', 'timedependent', 'perturbations', 'sound', 'emission', 'and', 'reflection', 'at', 'the', 'boundary', 'resonance', 'and', 'rapid', 'adiabatic', 'changes', 'are', 'noteworthy', 'in', 'these', 'processes', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'the', 'thermal', 'diffusion', 'layers', 'is', 'enhanced', 'near', 'the', 'critical', 'point', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'strong', 'critical', 'divergence', 'of', 'the', 'thermal', 'expansion']] | [-0.16463982714507897, 0.16934680247360523, -0.05164946483968346, 0.015167329883043494, -0.04854811246397796, -0.0844219796787444, 0.06713010751965313, 0.31736816049696087, -0.3004210751444974, -0.1885955984293072, 0.11731025438466286, -0.30017173139017644, -0.13752622773392578, 0.16735663762429376, 0.007413968435480251, 0.06393024729782934, -0.009456881288405473, 0.038627450043956436, -0.03868989443075046, -0.08992865558730455, 0.3568010067416204, 0.03825039736221771, 0.29911953579164574, 0.126823508470143, 0.05320626800158271, -0.01847769989976072, 0.020602967468434357, 0.033448880279294074, -0.17969562571303319, 0.04598517548079185, 0.22862934798192597, -0.03422796809290712, 0.24355379443380748, -0.45639147775600086, -0.28105004003422485, 0.05582730912158752, 0.13500300351937242, 0.11218750349933969, -0.021966598793730006, -0.22659027281947233, 0.02081730645485558, -0.0713302378651795, -0.1788096399663167, -0.025580748731085845, 0.02629715960204333, -0.013932986587688729, -0.2508041999944662, 0.15020225507517657, 0.08436756424064673, 0.064176127941742, -0.10832412437292503, -0.06730382460660327, -0.03679325580513021, 0.1334979938477412, 0.03609630547942141, -0.02437583092591717, 0.19495957297994546, -0.18445010650651278, -0.039104320098402666, 0.3940995209053293, -0.08680692508497888, -0.15362544403084227, 0.2200579403958342, -0.22353570603740378, -0.06709448250245538, 0.166495155631187, 0.1861259212249655, 0.08786184807215724, -0.112229190606347, 0.07457986386201286, 0.03522634184352953, 0.08886224038317916, 0.09529548842954945, 0.012505546680479604, 0.24516371171501977, 0.16501058531539128, 0.04406026251370775, 0.17836984050216842, -0.1334385527570539, -0.07418395576081951, -0.33734600026126915, -0.1731392602679563, -0.13775635830353242, 0.033047999083358155, -0.1344587585112963, -0.23006481047916888, 0.39339061696417965, 0.16663345264119878, 0.18899271592522995, -0.04370637517422438, 0.274644473823509, 0.209694186232875, 0.039892476563853724, 0.10512364875978313, 0.27954788863457536, 0.13836040775719527, 0.16591471138301198, -0.31119378580216756, 0.02045065369498958, 0.05067035108636897] |
709.0572 | Separation of accelerated electrons and positrons in the relativistic
reconnection | We study an acceleration of electrons and positrons in the relativistic
magnetic field reconnection using a 2.5-D particle-in-cell electromagnetic
relativistic code. We consider the model with two current sheets and periodic
boundary conditions. The electrons and positrons are very effectively
accelerated during the tearing and coalescence processes of the reconnection.
We found that near the X-points of the reconnection the positions of electrons
and positrons differ. This separation process is in agreement with those
studied in the previous papers analytically or by test particle simulations. We
expect that in dependence on the magnetic field connectivity this local
separation can lead to global spatial separation of the accelerated electrons
and positrons. A similar simulation in the electron-proton plasma with the
proton-electron mass ratio m_i/m_e = 16 is made.
| astro-ph | we study an acceleration of electrons and positrons in the relativistic magnetic field reconnection using a 25d particleincell electromagnetic relativistic code we consider the model with two current sheets and periodic boundary conditions the electrons and positrons are very effectively accelerated during the tearing and coalescence processes of the reconnection we found that near the xpoints of the reconnection the positions of electrons and positrons differ this separation process is in agreement with those studied in the previous papers analytically or by test particle simulations we expect that in dependence on the magnetic field connectivity this local separation can lead to global spatial separation of the accelerated electrons and positrons a similar simulation in the electronproton plasma with the protonelectron mass ratio m_im_e 16 is made | [['we', 'study', 'an', 'acceleration', 'of', 'electrons', 'and', 'positrons', 'in', 'the', 'relativistic', 'magnetic', 'field', 'reconnection', 'using', 'a', '25d', 'particleincell', 'electromagnetic', 'relativistic', 'code', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'model', 'with', 'two', 'current', 'sheets', 'and', 'periodic', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'the', 'electrons', 'and', 'positrons', 'are', 'very', 'effectively', 'accelerated', 'during', 'the', 'tearing', 'and', 'coalescence', 'processes', 'of', 'the', 'reconnection', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'near', 'the', 'xpoints', 'of', 'the', 'reconnection', 'the', 'positions', 'of', 'electrons', 'and', 'positrons', 'differ', 'this', 'separation', 'process', 'is', 'in', 'agreement', 'with', 'those', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'previous', 'papers', 'analytically', 'or', 'by', 'test', 'particle', 'simulations', 'we', 'expect', 'that', 'in', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'connectivity', 'this', 'local', 'separation', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'global', 'spatial', 'separation', 'of', 'the', 'accelerated', 'electrons', 'and', 'positrons', 'a', 'similar', 'simulation', 'in', 'the', 'electronproton', 'plasma', 'with', 'the', 'protonelectron', 'mass', 'ratio', 'm_im_e', '16', 'is', 'made']] | [-0.13866084661992592, 0.22627069638953784, -0.03725169285658806, 0.11802170794170605, 0.01156789346206342, -0.07215795875157392, -0.03297215668181519, 0.39205727341865737, -0.24042466253278746, -0.32647150272266967, -0.04468587941272066, -0.2602692807919257, -0.0071271780253728, 0.1904400902706021, 0.05667492133077411, 0.0021879036826754194, 0.09871621271004043, -0.037037890448811506, -0.056172832514026334, -0.19267201933100642, 0.2843861057541318, 0.16795278785173737, 0.24786063123287427, 0.0518642379717517, 0.044555621635582715, -0.03504193467383702, 0.004223165561034832, 0.04737302962513197, -0.13271066017119984, 0.037314837318032035, 0.13861433134806003, 0.03407692109023975, 0.21529331331747392, -0.5340427108818576, -0.20844963000762085, 0.01860846317417565, 0.20150635394060779, 0.08793104344254567, -0.09915882333399846, -0.23730357671304356, 0.038765721431460294, -0.1530925508233763, -0.1047668656480262, 0.01959994240915255, -0.014999655509618895, 0.07980532598652182, -0.31048862476434025, 0.10384038896373814, 0.04378564950699607, 0.016855247448095016, -0.11571061196145675, -0.044993322379591444, -0.00827613164715114, 0.04269330225984699, 0.1362407308297695, 0.08535315298719243, 0.18561167836130138, -0.13438768760256825, -0.1331408079270096, 0.385866200063555, -0.01634528977789044, -0.1665421358461211, 0.23786468005606107, -0.2495325893378033, -0.08319529068345825, 0.1942370444672951, 0.17269413221982263, 0.09641996710856873, -0.14639694318323146, 0.05542828251759241, -0.049068943733194224, 0.0985872300253028, 0.09280080605845248, -0.041344281064777444, 0.2597284686626009, 0.146016729463424, -0.007526475751388167, 0.10868626274168491, -0.16049535851417449, -0.042389871057359474, -0.288276095371989, -0.1444384371640072, -0.15000334884213756, 0.05636116412250207, -0.08029661161304426, -0.15243661343046125, 0.402321808738634, 0.18714506492861324, 0.1640230371572432, -0.057166327969984165, 0.3103443593015924, 0.10958509823392397, 0.0012773758425037303, 0.17027410246165736, 0.3114253608528377, 0.15447793120799203, 0.15474041235367103, -0.2528733133693181, 0.012349817219988577, 0.056259601487822476] |
709.0573 | Inhomogeneous preheating in multi-field models of cosmological
perturbation | We consider inhomogeneous preheating in multi-field models of cosmological
perturbation. After preheating, two fields are trapped at an enhanced symmetric
point. One field is an oscillating field and the other is a light field that
plays an important role in generating perturbation. In this presentation, we
consider two types of potential for the light field.
| hep-ph astro-ph hep-th | we consider inhomogeneous preheating in multifield models of cosmological perturbation after preheating two fields are trapped at an enhanced symmetric point one field is an oscillating field and the other is a light field that plays an important role in generating perturbation in this presentation we consider two types of potential for the light field | [['we', 'consider', 'inhomogeneous', 'preheating', 'in', 'multifield', 'models', 'of', 'cosmological', 'perturbation', 'after', 'preheating', 'two', 'fields', 'are', 'trapped', 'at', 'an', 'enhanced', 'symmetric', 'point', 'one', 'field', 'is', 'an', 'oscillating', 'field', 'and', 'the', 'other', 'is', 'a', 'light', 'field', 'that', 'plays', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'in', 'generating', 'perturbation', 'in', 'this', 'presentation', 'we', 'consider', 'two', 'types', 'of', 'potential', 'for', 'the', 'light', 'field']] | [-0.20837431792169808, 0.207111737554078, -0.06805455992844972, 0.09422051492782141, -0.030395032973452047, -0.13180005255747926, -0.1141141130504283, 0.38926673572171816, -0.22849454889920626, -0.23523183719001034, 0.08974653188012202, -0.25274042642717676, -0.14364702942019159, 0.19705903966995802, -0.01292824699670415, -0.08147340024906126, -0.028048570979047904, 0.0718299343504689, 0.012217508785595948, -0.2698472403413193, 0.4234518009153279, 0.030512993088500067, 0.20690811303528872, 0.005779041468419812, 0.021544309383766218, 0.04650538841431791, -0.010111702335151759, -0.00021159533749927174, -0.09981518593174935, 0.03492926899343729, 0.17540842017287187, 0.08500823896716941, 0.3084769307212396, -0.4586571448905902, -0.26486930665983394, 0.14253383046016097, 0.14761618991297754, 0.2098803496496244, -0.1772035208784721, -0.20836167264391076, -0.008266248511658473, -0.11669308671897108, -0.19138655376366592, -0.04910071324557066, 0.01667427242818204, -0.03302180316637863, -0.314535919460468, 0.06282566120340065, 0.033954684277573095, 0.07107534921643409, -0.05109160053120418, -0.02841320896351879, 0.039959774530408054, 0.07761218130419201, 0.08991014725020663, 0.07821551701900634, 0.15682647585530174, -0.23738895774480295, -0.08383311581035907, 0.37227103635668757, -0.17559930887073277, -0.13678310740400446, 0.12352666265585206, -0.09315216267820109, -0.15083101655102588, 0.11422976133498279, 0.17306404424492608, 0.12191868733445352, -0.14134673298421233, 0.13074566652384503, 0.029965188760649075, 0.11537832363815555, 0.08764362686567685, 0.007289465593004769, 0.3287078602070158, 0.15277805568184705, 0.022074379602616483, 0.15617589270801877, -0.060561039857566355, -0.13087175670503215, -0.35293067802082406, -0.13607211028310387, -0.10903596828945658, 0.04009268637746573, -0.11749144317555792, -0.20257475592873314, 0.4454998456788334, 0.18663868948139928, 0.16349760814654557, -0.06498159221585163, 0.27718071879988365, 0.15249435562132435, -0.014297978410666639, 0.03870406417091462, 0.290948387099938, 0.16991138719022275, 0.07525477894497189, -0.19632221985269677, -0.0959891487928954, 0.02608182267709212] |
709.0574 | Solutions of nonlinear PDEs in the completion of uniform convergence
spaces | This paper deals with the solution of large classes of systems of nonlinear
partial differential equations (PDEs) in spaces of generalized functions that
are constructed as the completion of uniform convergence spaces. The existence
result for the mentioned systems of equations are obtained as an application of
a basic approximation result, which is formulated entirely in terms of usual
real valued functions on open subsets of Euclidean n-space. The structure and
regularity properties of the solutions are explained at the hand of suitable
results relating to the structure of the completion of uniform convergence
spaces that are defined as initial structures. In this regard, we include also
a detailed discussion of the completion of initial uniform convergence spaces
in general.
| math.AP math.GN | this paper deals with the solution of large classes of systems of nonlinear partial differential equations pdes in spaces of generalized functions that are constructed as the completion of uniform convergence spaces the existence result for the mentioned systems of equations are obtained as an application of a basic approximation result which is formulated entirely in terms of usual real valued functions on open subsets of euclidean nspace the structure and regularity properties of the solutions are explained at the hand of suitable results relating to the structure of the completion of uniform convergence spaces that are defined as initial structures in this regard we include also a detailed discussion of the completion of initial uniform convergence spaces in general | [['this', 'paper', 'deals', 'with', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'large', 'classes', 'of', 'systems', 'of', 'nonlinear', 'partial', 'differential', 'equations', 'pdes', 'in', 'spaces', 'of', 'generalized', 'functions', 'that', 'are', 'constructed', 'as', 'the', 'completion', 'of', 'uniform', 'convergence', 'spaces', 'the', 'existence', 'result', 'for', 'the', 'mentioned', 'systems', 'of', 'equations', 'are', 'obtained', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'of', 'a', 'basic', 'approximation', 'result', 'which', 'is', 'formulated', 'entirely', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'usual', 'real', 'valued', 'functions', 'on', 'open', 'subsets', 'of', 'euclidean', 'nspace', 'the', 'structure', 'and', 'regularity', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'solutions', 'are', 'explained', 'at', 'the', 'hand', 'of', 'suitable', 'results', 'relating', 'to', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'completion', 'of', 'uniform', 'convergence', 'spaces', 'that', 'are', 'defined', 'as', 'initial', 'structures', 'in', 'this', 'regard', 'we', 'include', 'also', 'a', 'detailed', 'discussion', 'of', 'the', 'completion', 'of', 'initial', 'uniform', 'convergence', 'spaces', 'in', 'general']] | [-0.14066832298024867, 0.047823064957750225, -0.06092261751570428, 0.10084211517144771, -0.0477535571437329, -0.0366062646266073, -0.029704586167645174, 0.31896246909163894, -0.3015246777717645, -0.2400311315645619, 0.17748937549379964, -0.23508219614159315, -0.15910994618510207, 0.20979690309613944, -0.09724335992553582, 0.0765587779848526, 0.06430219647785028, 0.03522536828822922, -0.15362904582483072, -0.29214701428233336, 0.4285839716593424, -0.011431001201466036, 0.2402266035710151, 0.028787377457289647, 0.11540141506120563, 0.007885229424573481, -0.03908806732700517, 0.06292304669817289, -0.14103221823910037, 0.15684669718611985, 0.23821466124306123, 0.11896209832048044, 0.26334387610744064, -0.38491018729594845, -0.19389082671453556, 0.08077910020947457, 0.13069959514929602, 0.04465980991759958, -0.033847633420373315, -0.2860273561828459, 0.09915703729105492, -0.10121109509685387, -0.18577334301856657, -0.09078953403513879, -0.011210641094172994, 0.1087460991848881, -0.2833630650119934, 0.05174204158611247, 0.0998994255826498, 0.06529569684838256, -0.15806916633155196, -0.09486752443384223, 0.005435854014164457, 0.10740393771945188, 0.03924230700552774, 0.016569076515346146, 0.05503440260363277, -0.11930937093372146, -0.12527781992297, 0.3960751184417556, -0.06503863798764845, -0.2594003193080425, 0.1690513612702489, -0.12914826934769127, -0.1545850380246217, 0.10019417859245247, 0.18113747739310687, 0.17678098504741988, -0.11764192322831755, 0.16365331056634508, -0.09268322789575904, 0.08231399030094812, 0.08654561815783382, 0.08111113419145113, 0.08921823866548947, 0.14847441498811045, 0.11203002496622502, 0.15041704708322262, 0.06824056259162413, -0.13432078791277793, -0.38314634207636117, -0.15039987662651885, -0.15453599113194894, 0.06814455066535932, -0.10837551033970765, -0.23969485330550622, 0.3822013035106162, 0.08057735680680102, 0.203549167024903, 0.07879162430472206, 0.2515778304232905, 0.13860129230985574, 0.0053502648098704714, 0.023462901761134466, 0.18674231274829556, 0.18849557759046245, 0.09517072266122947, -0.14211683041309395, 0.05668822518006588, 0.13345363696183388] |
709.0575 | Electronic Orbital Currents and Polarization in Mott Insulators | The standard view is that at low energies Mott insulators exhibit only
magnetic properties while charge degrees of freedom are frozen out as the
electrons become localized by a strong Coulomb repulsion. We demonstrate that
this is in general not true: for certain spin textures {\it spontaneous
circular electric currents} or {\it nonuniform charge distribution} exist in
the ground state of Mott insulators. In addition, low-energy ``magnetic''
states contribute comparably to the dielectric and magnetic functions
$\epsilon_{ik}(\omega)$ and $\mu_{ik}(\omega)$ leading to interesting phenomena
such as rotation the electric field polarization and resonances which may be
common for both functions producing a negative refraction index in a window of
frequencies.
| cond-mat.str-el | the standard view is that at low energies mott insulators exhibit only magnetic properties while charge degrees of freedom are frozen out as the electrons become localized by a strong coulomb repulsion we demonstrate that this is in general not true for certain spin textures it spontaneous circular electric currents or it nonuniform charge distribution exist in the ground state of mott insulators in addition lowenergy magnetic states contribute comparably to the dielectric and magnetic functions epsilon_ikomega and mu_ikomega leading to interesting phenomena such as rotation the electric field polarization and resonances which may be common for both functions producing a negative refraction index in a window of frequencies | [['the', 'standard', 'view', 'is', 'that', 'at', 'low', 'energies', 'mott', 'insulators', 'exhibit', 'only', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'while', 'charge', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'are', 'frozen', 'out', 'as', 'the', 'electrons', 'become', 'localized', 'by', 'a', 'strong', 'coulomb', 'repulsion', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'this', 'is', 'in', 'general', 'not', 'true', 'for', 'certain', 'spin', 'textures', 'it', 'spontaneous', 'circular', 'electric', 'currents', 'or', 'it', 'nonuniform', 'charge', 'distribution', 'exist', 'in', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'mott', 'insulators', 'in', 'addition', 'lowenergy', 'magnetic', 'states', 'contribute', 'comparably', 'to', 'the', 'dielectric', 'and', 'magnetic', 'functions', 'epsilon_ikomega', 'and', 'mu_ikomega', 'leading', 'to', 'interesting', 'phenomena', 'such', 'as', 'rotation', 'the', 'electric', 'field', 'polarization', 'and', 'resonances', 'which', 'may', 'be', 'common', 'for', 'both', 'functions', 'producing', 'a', 'negative', 'refraction', 'index', 'in', 'a', 'window', 'of', 'frequencies']] | [-0.15718906088166426, 0.2709626837363728, -0.03169155247056874, 0.10536805128300057, -0.0407934630938118, -0.14771896796997322, 0.03665619283026763, 0.3997134795395013, -0.24500483771020146, -0.2990601335208271, 0.0268945219082253, -0.2925414891791678, -0.12299113406225273, 0.1451928867310042, 0.04110703261778037, -0.011965723238258718, -0.04145655031620621, -0.00984738918595782, -0.06377572951855782, -0.14529842718626224, 0.2677324094644217, 0.005832677341510203, 0.29345881396678286, 0.12539237101832143, 0.041670553051109345, 0.0025662712548276253, 0.13601440369699883, 0.0493611739252076, -0.04120290693030018, 0.028002862728779665, 0.24435405696037216, -0.04756481597356707, 0.20148870469044858, -0.43809412283143984, -0.21951783326602428, 0.058662003763542275, 0.12012572623092994, 0.16106283163464688, -0.09875998628177793, -0.27544712635610147, 0.03494922651704749, -0.14227021565752226, -0.18037012339978714, -0.15712507452955035, 0.023731207397818636, 0.019262727466955884, -0.29197006996842884, 0.11555944469966273, 0.08156352170098956, 0.061443345677803886, -0.07716254251530376, -0.12601514923425444, -0.07511348564560726, 0.09068747315877856, 0.09466321251102697, 0.06239691904580621, 0.1480637387302922, -0.19254713945491153, -0.1049526525556902, 0.36302410306356775, -0.024647651031334823, -0.1903675711565764, 0.18643894860364288, -0.22984439311940746, -0.06614188788019155, 0.198881150523601, 0.1479178685858132, 0.12916900673565654, -0.10043875303143357, 0.07031137332680339, -0.026104514904877293, 0.1461010788617412, 0.07292395173550244, 0.14231765700915444, 0.3386171838773467, 0.09022825116413498, 0.08719979002897706, 0.11828195462416788, -0.10611202647892114, -0.05776681158491454, -0.25905709374243413, -0.1413899340936653, -0.21446400643195782, 0.061842627103237006, -0.058239291974361854, -0.21391577158715122, 0.44430093384466446, 0.1342622147020057, 0.15720976182590368, -0.060732169493501915, 0.263145692716135, 0.13076480836433438, 0.09304611925383872, 0.061779990701971, 0.29669425208730815, 0.14929860183385976, 0.10685868733823647, -0.22170706777387325, 0.030175823718309402, -0.008173591500827086] |
709.0576 | A Spitzer Search for Water in the Transiting Exoplanet HD189733b | We present Spitzer Space Telescope observations of the extrasolar planet
HD189733b primary transit, obtained simultaneously at 3.6 and 5.8 microns with
the Infrared Array Camera. The system parameters, including planetary radius,
stellar radius, and impact parameter are derived from fits to the transit light
curves at both wavelengths. We measure two consistent planet-to-star radius
ratios, (Rp/Rs)[3.6$\mu$m] = 0.1560 +/- 0.0008(stat) +/- 0.0002(syst) and
(Rp/Rs)[5.8$\mu$m] = 0.1541 +/- 0.0009(stat) +/- 0.0009(syst), which include
both the random and systematic errors in the transit baseline. Although planet
radii are determined at 1%-accuracy, if all uncertainties are taken into
account the resulting error bars are still too large to allow for the detection
of atmospheric constituants like water vapour. This illustrates the need to
observe multiple transits with the longest possible out-of-transit baseline, in
order to achieve the precision required by transmission spectroscopy of giant
extrasolar planets.
| astro-ph | we present spitzer space telescope observations of the extrasolar planet hd189733b primary transit obtained simultaneously at 36 and 58 microns with the infrared array camera the system parameters including planetary radius stellar radius and impact parameter are derived from fits to the transit light curves at both wavelengths we measure two consistent planettostar radius ratios rprs36mum 01560 00008stat 00002syst and rprs58mum 01541 00009stat 00009syst which include both the random and systematic errors in the transit baseline although planet radii are determined at 1accuracy if all uncertainties are taken into account the resulting error bars are still too large to allow for the detection of atmospheric constituants like water vapour this illustrates the need to observe multiple transits with the longest possible outoftransit baseline in order to achieve the precision required by transmission spectroscopy of giant extrasolar planets | [['we', 'present', 'spitzer', 'space', 'telescope', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'extrasolar', 'planet', 'hd189733b', 'primary', 'transit', 'obtained', 'simultaneously', 'at', '36', 'and', '58', 'microns', 'with', 'the', 'infrared', 'array', 'camera', 'the', 'system', 'parameters', 'including', 'planetary', 'radius', 'stellar', 'radius', 'and', 'impact', 'parameter', 'are', 'derived', 'from', 'fits', 'to', 'the', 'transit', 'light', 'curves', 'at', 'both', 'wavelengths', 'we', 'measure', 'two', 'consistent', 'planettostar', 'radius', 'ratios', 'rprs36mum', '01560', '00008stat', '00002syst', 'and', 'rprs58mum', '01541', '00009stat', '00009syst', 'which', 'include', 'both', 'the', 'random', 'and', 'systematic', 'errors', 'in', 'the', 'transit', 'baseline', 'although', 'planet', 'radii', 'are', 'determined', 'at', '1accuracy', 'if', 'all', 'uncertainties', 'are', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'resulting', 'error', 'bars', 'are', 'still', 'too', 'large', 'to', 'allow', 'for', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'atmospheric', 'constituants', 'like', 'water', 'vapour', 'this', 'illustrates', 'the', 'need', 'to', 'observe', 'multiple', 'transits', 'with', 'the', 'longest', 'possible', 'outoftransit', 'baseline', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'achieve', 'the', 'precision', 'required', 'by', 'transmission', 'spectroscopy', 'of', 'giant', 'extrasolar', 'planets']] | [-0.09192335053376155, 0.1398446442981367, -0.05398130521462008, 0.0444192051918435, -0.08982134997313551, -0.11585849064431386, 0.06984926691075088, 0.4051323004750884, -0.1741602868096379, -0.38968599195504794, 0.1287467209958777, -0.30385998944257153, -0.06192767791435472, 0.21439089341765794, -0.08989958781603491, 0.10101395804667845, 0.15041275549629063, -0.09791767044953303, -0.02009071573638721, -0.2790880760467189, 0.2245613454906561, 0.07772979525179835, 0.08727297135919798, 0.011229058804019587, 0.03757895602757344, -0.02577251015281945, -0.11396743627483374, -0.03510992631731824, -0.2069255717069609, 0.041984063731888455, 0.2412446664475283, 0.10678219029068714, 0.14293423846447695, -0.3593737660339684, -0.21726122770269285, 0.076173504741746, 0.12515088588043, 0.02793796829337225, 0.03194925304160279, -0.2880228018402704, 0.04608144813391846, -0.13088951460667886, -0.16375599586535827, 0.010000134279835038, 0.04879858547792537, 0.018184350734372856, -0.2855836191374692, 0.041279713635958615, -0.0371510212062276, 0.14882511728501413, -0.11375020815466996, -0.2071241717412704, -0.04308327101989562, 0.14275128779991064, 0.01999591328058159, 0.0020652076927945018, 0.13628151635020913, -0.053242926263010304, 0.01682101069491182, 0.41300815631984733, -0.1335664159460066, -0.031915275595338244, 0.17779085971142194, -0.2419127916546131, -0.09339816525607603, 0.21788305935479002, 0.17647721276443917, 0.08168852040216734, -0.1767501506692497, -0.016620101076114224, 0.03114707874465239, 0.23665985868137795, 0.09473501695174491, 0.11215171804724378, 0.38450015160196926, 0.12248341885060654, 0.06904060778470011, 0.04408732637875801, -0.3229188349832839, -0.054452274122468225, -0.21214698991798286, -0.08148590357086505, -0.12225037799089478, -0.0009891988829622278, -0.11891098290971058, -0.08617806591428234, 0.33982174667107756, 0.17079204780202417, 0.1829988793051598, 0.10545224088582472, 0.3612678921490442, 0.058495689310802845, 0.12585569980456057, 0.06615409324149368, 0.34964952943846583, 0.09261147546203574, 0.09383927757153288, -0.27005638186346914, 0.06854130408464698, -0.02162203346233582] |
709.0577 | Magnetic field dependence of the electrical conductivity in V3Ge in the
vicinity of Hc2 | The phase transition from the Abrikosov state to the normal state with
superconducting fluctuations observed below the second critical field and
well-known as vortex lattice melting was one of the most popular problems in
the nineties. This problem had became popular after the discovery of high-Tc
superconductors because the fluctuation phenomena are much stronger in the HTSC
than in the conventional superconductors. Most people are sure that this sharp
transition was observed for the present only in HTSC and are ignorant that it
was observed as far back as 1981, before the HTSC discovery. In the last years
some papers devoted to the problem of vortex lattice melting in conventional
superconductors were published. The authors of these papers and others should
be aware of the result obtained before the HTSC discovery. It was found first
in the presented paper that the transition into the Abrikosov vortex state is
very narrow in high quality samples with weak pinning and it is observed below
the second critical field. These results signify that this phase transition can
be first-order and it is not connected directly with appearance of a finite
density of superconducting pairs.
| cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.stat-mech | the phase transition from the abrikosov state to the normal state with superconducting fluctuations observed below the second critical field and wellknown as vortex lattice melting was one of the most popular problems in the nineties this problem had became popular after the discovery of hightc superconductors because the fluctuation phenomena are much stronger in the htsc than in the conventional superconductors most people are sure that this sharp transition was observed for the present only in htsc and are ignorant that it was observed as far back as 1981 before the htsc discovery in the last years some papers devoted to the problem of vortex lattice melting in conventional superconductors were published the authors of these papers and others should be aware of the result obtained before the htsc discovery it was found first in the presented paper that the transition into the abrikosov vortex state is very narrow in high quality samples with weak pinning and it is observed below the second critical field these results signify that this phase transition can be firstorder and it is not connected directly with appearance of a finite density of superconducting pairs | [['the', 'phase', 'transition', 'from', 'the', 'abrikosov', 'state', 'to', 'the', 'normal', 'state', 'with', 'superconducting', 'fluctuations', 'observed', 'below', 'the', 'second', 'critical', 'field', 'and', 'wellknown', 'as', 'vortex', 'lattice', 'melting', 'was', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'popular', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'nineties', 'this', 'problem', 'had', 'became', 'popular', 'after', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'hightc', 'superconductors', 'because', 'the', 'fluctuation', 'phenomena', 'are', 'much', 'stronger', 'in', 'the', 'htsc', 'than', 'in', 'the', 'conventional', 'superconductors', 'most', 'people', 'are', 'sure', 'that', 'this', 'sharp', 'transition', 'was', 'observed', 'for', 'the', 'present', 'only', 'in', 'htsc', 'and', 'are', 'ignorant', 'that', 'it', 'was', 'observed', 'as', 'far', 'back', 'as', '1981', 'before', 'the', 'htsc', 'discovery', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'years', 'some', 'papers', 'devoted', 'to', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'vortex', 'lattice', 'melting', 'in', 'conventional', 'superconductors', 'were', 'published', 'the', 'authors', 'of', 'these', 'papers', 'and', 'others', 'should', 'be', 'aware', 'of', 'the', 'result', 'obtained', 'before', 'the', 'htsc', 'discovery', 'it', 'was', 'found', 'first', 'in', 'the', 'presented', 'paper', 'that', 'the', 'transition', 'into', 'the', 'abrikosov', 'vortex', 'state', 'is', 'very', 'narrow', 'in', 'high', 'quality', 'samples', 'with', 'weak', 'pinning', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'observed', 'below', 'the', 'second', 'critical', 'field', 'these', 'results', 'signify', 'that', 'this', 'phase', 'transition', 'can', 'be', 'firstorder', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'not', 'connected', 'directly', 'with', 'appearance', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'density', 'of', 'superconducting', 'pairs']] | 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709.0578 | On the Mass-Period Distributions and Correlations of Extrasolar Planets | In addition to fitting the data of 233 extra-solar planets with power laws,
we construct a correlated mass-period distribution function of extrasolar
planets, as the first time in this field. The algorithm to generate a pair of
positively correlated beta-distributed random variables is introduced and used
for the construction of correlated distribution functions. We investigate the
mass-period correlations of extrasolar planets both in the linear and logarithm
spaces, determine the confidence intervals of the correlation coefficients, and
confirm that there is a positive mass-period correlation for the extrasolar
planets. In addition to the paucity of massive close-in planets, which makes
the main contribution on this correlation, there are other fine structures for
the data in the mass-period plane.
| astro-ph | in addition to fitting the data of 233 extrasolar planets with power laws we construct a correlated massperiod distribution function of extrasolar planets as the first time in this field the algorithm to generate a pair of positively correlated betadistributed random variables is introduced and used for the construction of correlated distribution functions we investigate the massperiod correlations of extrasolar planets both in the linear and logarithm spaces determine the confidence intervals of the correlation coefficients and confirm that there is a positive massperiod correlation for the extrasolar planets in addition to the paucity of massive closein planets which makes the main contribution on this correlation there are other fine structures for the data in the massperiod plane | [['in', 'addition', 'to', 'fitting', 'the', 'data', 'of', '233', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'with', 'power', 'laws', 'we', 'construct', 'a', 'correlated', 'massperiod', 'distribution', 'function', 'of', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'as', 'the', 'first', 'time', 'in', 'this', 'field', 'the', 'algorithm', 'to', 'generate', 'a', 'pair', 'of', 'positively', 'correlated', 'betadistributed', 'random', 'variables', 'is', 'introduced', 'and', 'used', 'for', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'correlated', 'distribution', 'functions', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'massperiod', 'correlations', 'of', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'both', 'in', 'the', 'linear', 'and', 'logarithm', 'spaces', 'determine', 'the', 'confidence', 'intervals', 'of', 'the', 'correlation', 'coefficients', 'and', 'confirm', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'positive', 'massperiod', 'correlation', 'for', 'the', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'the', 'paucity', 'of', 'massive', 'closein', 'planets', 'which', 'makes', 'the', 'main', 'contribution', 'on', 'this', 'correlation', 'there', 'are', 'other', 'fine', 'structures', 'for', 'the', 'data', 'in', 'the', 'massperiod', 'plane']] | [-0.14196483406506605, 0.13784624436491374, -0.08101308612168719, 0.14203850143604865, -0.0635940629250954, -0.05002413142938167, 0.06096216924370156, 0.34346011195773796, -0.2021122898717048, -0.3065834830246739, 0.04550398300476846, -0.30075648957389894, -0.1583364783644171, 0.18815590798760118, -0.0487720499809642, 0.0874867383153888, 0.06874913884074253, -0.035873498941250775, -0.035249280656236066, -0.28786445358547114, 0.35013657991411323, 0.028709782046755238, 0.10669430053271985, -0.012760865326449907, 0.061418821457063115, -0.0035483109906820926, -0.061958790713352925, -0.04505467401438598, -0.16054921229677008, 0.1017671992757626, 0.26852652393439314, 0.11687479731311107, 0.2213920571020473, -0.3114018067717552, -0.1811829129669527, 0.11646097312460385, 0.13433811660575823, 0.011565144864400313, -0.03756004008089618, -0.2283472421034476, 0.06687598045268175, -0.14526020580807986, -0.15318061826529644, -0.024091167734557037, 0.09231194680244899, 0.06323744601647022, -0.32150968550941195, 0.09118495041788635, 0.06930560864492367, 0.10809207920940056, -0.10129247412432806, -0.13714057171985633, -0.026915849770529795, 0.12912949431545528, 0.03245324997420786, 0.028157765597254986, 0.08536948413603891, -0.06992787220347593, -0.07096166402679648, 0.3833359478246736, -0.1026428943278931, -0.16111754367751527, 0.21109478908070065, -0.2599841750116419, -0.14521131404257237, 0.09988009466363465, 0.1950909643289949, 0.12660470273803479, -0.18005723981344599, 0.036303064121442484, -0.05442199035610814, 0.2066746803821396, 0.05751758616938556, 0.04872553536897304, 0.3304784557213849, 0.09742997862177633, 0.08466707978208186, 0.1167604181115413, -0.172560760658629, -0.10261446007249198, -0.2084769385716862, -0.17724095858160951, -0.22116510217744953, -0.02561651451623667, -0.10601683361892356, -0.20174363012409816, 0.399745582587133, 0.16926408430435141, 0.2071949039049194, 0.08416653691368746, 0.2766545316524078, 0.13169070749032563, 0.08518465873153912, 0.07248822717248636, 0.25707350518175603, 0.14919440889675803, 0.0741146481043454, -0.2359273554204758, 0.11994938433991145, -0.005605849342704829] |
709.0579 | Berry Phase Effects in the dynamics of Dirac Electrons in Doubly Special
Relativity Framework | We consider the Doubly Special Relativity (DSR) generalization of Dirac
equation in an external potential in the Magueijo-Smolin base. The particles
obey a modified energy-momentum dispersion relation. The semiclassical
diagonalization of the Dirac Hamiltonian reveals the intrinsic Berry phase
effects in the particle dynamics.
| hep-th cond-mat.other | we consider the doubly special relativity dsr generalization of dirac equation in an external potential in the magueijosmolin base the particles obey a modified energymomentum dispersion relation the semiclassical diagonalization of the dirac hamiltonian reveals the intrinsic berry phase effects in the particle dynamics | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'doubly', 'special', 'relativity', 'dsr', 'generalization', 'of', 'dirac', 'equation', 'in', 'an', 'external', 'potential', 'in', 'the', 'magueijosmolin', 'base', 'the', 'particles', 'obey', 'a', 'modified', 'energymomentum', 'dispersion', 'relation', 'the', 'semiclassical', 'diagonalization', 'of', 'the', 'dirac', 'hamiltonian', 'reveals', 'the', 'intrinsic', 'berry', 'phase', 'effects', 'in', 'the', 'particle', 'dynamics']] | [-0.23727102116258306, 0.17768375797029215, -0.10842844098806381, 0.1305117909796536, -0.11556091144765643, -0.16237471958580005, -0.0013564837334508245, 0.2596135075436905, -0.23542670594443652, -0.25594444695690816, -0.10399071744971232, -0.3219686910901642, -0.20190667327154765, 0.07201226569172418, -0.007692104861648245, 0.048556582536548376, 0.028091188858855854, 0.03924671892838722, -0.139606831764633, -0.13197807244300333, 0.3399439699291675, 0.08447376147589901, 0.2910533592274243, 0.004719905428249727, 0.08148348963269117, 0.07075692173516886, 0.039689377013763245, 0.024503555402837017, -0.11561522659295323, -0.019758704118430614, 0.13449883059894835, -0.04156763170083815, 0.1856648391959342, -0.42266468483616004, -0.23818096205253492, 0.03439241307999261, 0.1385844269534573, 0.1577412314205007, -0.08548048047602853, -0.34339132583276794, -0.07398032773264938, -0.20677753901955756, -0.22872109965167262, -0.022313872278159994, -0.018202653260562907, -0.022142899011007765, -0.15301658507351848, 0.13308355564632537, 0.03966253465676511, -0.01461581678218367, -0.08952222685117951, -0.08104023973415182, -0.06072294691958549, 0.03763468130703338, 0.06945644214019095, -0.06869689564866183, 0.08474160135003993, -0.11442917602306063, -0.08462337570116771, 0.4988303872841326, -0.10941337503027171, -0.3350744117051363, 0.030263519337908787, -0.15273154600502245, -0.12142882345836949, 0.08153453734121285, 0.11510364740917628, 0.1301621525675397, -0.15911002024288542, 0.19067867066372524, -0.0332111350514672, 0.08597528221699494, 0.046760915630412375, 0.06081990620375357, 0.2448978518897837, 0.08724730506285348, 0.027247254503890872, 0.12835484857416965, -0.07770070307676426, -0.225198201761073, -0.3404937805607915, -0.19258900624382394, -0.20796332060655748, 0.12228083754466339, -0.15367841519500045, -0.18756080987143584, 0.3994150697571141, 0.1101389106109061, 0.10267546117856083, 0.00803566074252806, 0.2269936621570113, 0.19327583437023516, 0.017329255224798213, 0.08155927387997508, 0.3243679290806705, 0.24283602116206152, 0.1299487705003809, -0.34681558310826816, -0.09847356819293716, 0.12639778482050382] |
709.058 | Computer Simulation on Terahertz Emission from Intrinsic Josephson
Junctions of High-T_c Superconductors | Solving coupled nonlinear sine-Gordon equations and Maxwell equations
numerically, we study the electromagnetic and superconducting properties of the
single crystal of high-$T_c$ superconductor $\rm{Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta}}$
with a static magnetic field applied parallel to the $ab$-plane and a dc
current fed in along the c-axis. Cavity resonances of transverse plasma occur
in the intrinsic Josephson junctions with frequencies in terahertz regime. It
is revealed that the electromagnetic wave can transmit from the junctions into
space. The emitted energy counted by the Poynting vector is about
$400\rm{W/cm^2}$. The frequency as well as the energy of emission can be tuned
almost continuously by the current and magnetic field.
| cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.other | solving coupled nonlinear sinegordon equations and maxwell equations numerically we study the electromagnetic and superconducting properties of the single crystal of hight_c superconductor rmbi_2sr_2cacu_2o_8delta with a static magnetic field applied parallel to the abplane and a dc current fed in along the caxis cavity resonances of transverse plasma occur in the intrinsic josephson junctions with frequencies in terahertz regime it is revealed that the electromagnetic wave can transmit from the junctions into space the emitted energy counted by the poynting vector is about 400rmwcm2 the frequency as well as the energy of emission can be tuned almost continuously by the current and magnetic field | [['solving', 'coupled', 'nonlinear', 'sinegordon', 'equations', 'and', 'maxwell', 'equations', 'numerically', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'electromagnetic', 'and', 'superconducting', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'single', 'crystal', 'of', 'hight_c', 'superconductor', 'rmbi_2sr_2cacu_2o_8delta', 'with', 'a', 'static', 'magnetic', 'field', 'applied', 'parallel', 'to', 'the', 'abplane', 'and', 'a', 'dc', 'current', 'fed', 'in', 'along', 'the', 'caxis', 'cavity', 'resonances', 'of', 'transverse', 'plasma', 'occur', 'in', 'the', 'intrinsic', 'josephson', 'junctions', 'with', 'frequencies', 'in', 'terahertz', 'regime', 'it', 'is', 'revealed', 'that', 'the', 'electromagnetic', 'wave', 'can', 'transmit', 'from', 'the', 'junctions', 'into', 'space', 'the', 'emitted', 'energy', 'counted', 'by', 'the', 'poynting', 'vector', 'is', 'about', '400rmwcm2', 'the', 'frequency', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'energy', 'of', 'emission', 'can', 'be', 'tuned', 'almost', 'continuously', 'by', 'the', 'current', 'and', 'magnetic', 'field']] | [-0.22372636718684535, 0.21324835864610028, 0.005398488345836262, 0.008206735870030084, -0.10871954523569462, -0.12785500706652703, 0.0031194409583830862, 0.3971184529364109, -0.25869504486219685, -0.287456637310843, -0.008581567559056707, -0.27878660029614144, -0.06404376042174917, 0.23641772517590848, 0.0904809667557044, 0.048655090790278126, -0.02793476415246508, 0.0039241428586464485, -0.037876817409075725, -0.1476948435092797, 0.30555302025840697, 0.01992898421176682, 0.33422494354178606, 0.015467887884458003, 0.08708360895188977, -0.018029225325591647, 0.10356957369791434, 0.0647226074092809, -0.0854513981134164, 0.007248735688265087, 0.2684864510411342, -0.04771833246329673, 0.1851627760051379, -0.4922883864627807, -0.21583734485275538, 0.01909034931580129, 0.1838389781046008, 0.1253703275460352, -0.009348425498792848, -0.3079770184438495, 0.0368613364464305, -0.08149475551400225, -0.11957621283250526, -0.03726060773942222, -0.06097168596325786, 0.07949913798343138, -0.23441943737850027, 0.06573378003102917, 0.03297571616147835, 0.032459685624152135, -0.1172888789470624, -0.058563327916346275, -0.07581375697763293, -0.00019107370194300865, 0.07544244720048986, 0.1121723312653999, 0.18509388304975571, -0.1530142470061761, -0.09744446535208147, 0.32981028389728184, -0.0796496801222991, -0.15986598749617928, 0.080383903554921, -0.18447342935443214, 0.006733392559679099, 0.1943675170774635, 0.14777708912519197, 0.08526397989927204, -0.1503111771341793, 0.07928404581588376, -0.0013829455076597033, 0.15660220690216253, 0.09562372761623902, 0.05821650834738286, 0.30241712840111223, 0.16122237486692453, -0.005917712801940812, 0.1826792997251563, -0.12099819917918987, -0.026076692280820706, -0.2675279494989844, -0.142801569062692, -0.1979145356770424, 0.10206354628088184, -0.054335685543211866, -0.1825517353249117, 0.44141944835738967, 0.14895910340207583, 0.1316466399387104, -0.06937193968197675, 0.30180387651023355, 0.19807819253312947, 0.10863022210564717, 0.10032823286245315, 0.28710417632122065, 0.24825740449618802, 0.19193097688619373, -0.31014063257895846, -0.03297411609730385, -0.007412413121607986] |
709.0581 | Determining the Minimal Length Scale of the Generalized Uncertainty
Principle from the Entropy-Area Relationship | We derive the formula of the black hole entropy with a minimal length of the
Planck size by counting quantum modes of scalar fields in the vicinity of the
black hole horizon, taking into account the generalized uncertainty principle
(GUP). This formula is applied to some intriguing examples of black holes - the
Schwarzschild black hole, the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, and the
magnetically charged dilatonic black hole. As a result, it is shown that the
GUP parameter can be determined by imposing the black hole entropy-area
relationship, which has a Planck length scale and a universal form within the
near-horizon expansion.
| hep-th gr-qc hep-ph | we derive the formula of the black hole entropy with a minimal length of the planck size by counting quantum modes of scalar fields in the vicinity of the black hole horizon taking into account the generalized uncertainty principle gup this formula is applied to some intriguing examples of black holes the schwarzschild black hole the reissnernordstrom black hole and the magnetically charged dilatonic black hole as a result it is shown that the gup parameter can be determined by imposing the black hole entropyarea relationship which has a planck length scale and a universal form within the nearhorizon expansion | [['we', 'derive', 'the', 'formula', 'of', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'entropy', 'with', 'a', 'minimal', 'length', 'of', 'the', 'planck', 'size', 'by', 'counting', 'quantum', 'modes', 'of', 'scalar', 'fields', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'horizon', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'generalized', 'uncertainty', 'principle', 'gup', 'this', 'formula', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'some', 'intriguing', 'examples', 'of', 'black', 'holes', 'the', 'schwarzschild', 'black', 'hole', 'the', 'reissnernordstrom', 'black', 'hole', 'and', 'the', 'magnetically', 'charged', 'dilatonic', 'black', 'hole', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'gup', 'parameter', 'can', 'be', 'determined', 'by', 'imposing', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'entropyarea', 'relationship', 'which', 'has', 'a', 'planck', 'length', 'scale', 'and', 'a', 'universal', 'form', 'within', 'the', 'nearhorizon', 'expansion']] | [-0.16417404640116728, 0.12792357367230578, -0.08505835007876157, 0.18090761593193747, -0.09371389087289572, -0.166937848480884, 0.012389080037828536, 0.19884355646092444, -0.17075776405399665, -0.29966036360710857, 0.07911180422524922, -0.3423610380571336, -0.06139589482918382, 0.2174464472127147, -0.06051688748644665, 0.06565270209684967, -0.051058598046656696, 0.05470163758378476, -0.10994895252631977, -0.21092899332521484, 0.3906985352630727, 0.13711848070612176, 0.22615473199635744, 0.018649568408727647, 0.12526012700982392, 0.008523632274009287, 0.0885776551719755, 0.13038579270243644, -0.23715522423655785, 0.07218879266642034, 0.18957840479910373, 0.1275291138701141, 0.19563282025977968, -0.3574609683314338, -0.25908278707414867, 0.05093971668276936, 0.14775451303459705, 0.194532305985922, -0.10869478574022651, -0.28256861012661827, 0.06673996290192008, -0.2814894388709217, -0.14052020421717315, -0.011316664787009358, 0.08452428760472686, -0.09899264569394291, -0.18605852564796804, 0.16008681474253536, 0.10228950922959484, -0.16168124032206832, -0.12868709726259112, 0.00305785350035876, -0.06626338832080364, 0.06529808387625963, 0.1979927060427144, 0.01094965641386807, 0.23458485554670916, -0.049485847961623225, -0.127193934811512, 0.32958430630154906, -0.034708275748416784, -0.18642553984740518, 0.048969092024490235, -0.30178487334400417, -0.06947275332175196, 0.08880717224674299, 0.10707753652939572, 0.18999840527772904, -0.17436361920787022, 0.2110667699377518, -0.017115371711552144, 0.1943352789711207, 0.1685218122904189, 0.09433098566252739, 0.456397867994383, 0.09484408271033316, -0.010416226955130696, 0.22153151633567178, -0.055313465096987785, -0.08769764069933444, -0.33913125038146974, -0.14269340195227415, -0.1872551076253876, 0.14038367074914276, -0.27078467390005245, -0.1871033056927263, 0.2745855650375597, 0.068844175839331, 0.2067551043815911, -0.008271422105608509, 0.22840874013683787, 0.13278787261690014, 0.06856210916303099, 0.1026346876565367, 0.3641380338199087, 0.14983044367283582, 0.10698230479378253, -0.27965497246012094, -0.08416281770449131, 0.18010731026530266] |
709.0582 | Kinematics of deformable media | We investigate the kinematics of deformations in two and three dimensional
media by explicitly solving (analytically) the evolution equations
(Raychaudhuri equations) for the expansion, shear and rotation associated with
the deformations. The analytical solutions allow us to study the dependence of
the kinematical quantities on initial conditions. In particular, we are able to
identify regions of the space of initial conditions that lead to a singularity
in finite time. Some generic features of the deformations are also discussed in
detail. We conclude by indicating the feasibility and utility of a similar
exercise for fluid and geodesic flows in flat and curved spacetimes.
| physics.class-ph gr-qc hep-th | we investigate the kinematics of deformations in two and three dimensional media by explicitly solving analytically the evolution equations raychaudhuri equations for the expansion shear and rotation associated with the deformations the analytical solutions allow us to study the dependence of the kinematical quantities on initial conditions in particular we are able to identify regions of the space of initial conditions that lead to a singularity in finite time some generic features of the deformations are also discussed in detail we conclude by indicating the feasibility and utility of a similar exercise for fluid and geodesic flows in flat and curved spacetimes | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'kinematics', 'of', 'deformations', 'in', 'two', 'and', 'three', 'dimensional', 'media', 'by', 'explicitly', 'solving', 'analytically', 'the', 'evolution', 'equations', 'raychaudhuri', 'equations', 'for', 'the', 'expansion', 'shear', 'and', 'rotation', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'deformations', 'the', 'analytical', 'solutions', 'allow', 'us', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'kinematical', 'quantities', 'on', 'initial', 'conditions', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'identify', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'space', 'of', 'initial', 'conditions', 'that', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'singularity', 'in', 'finite', 'time', 'some', 'generic', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'deformations', 'are', 'also', 'discussed', 'in', 'detail', 'we', 'conclude', 'by', 'indicating', 'the', 'feasibility', 'and', 'utility', 'of', 'a', 'similar', 'exercise', 'for', 'fluid', 'and', 'geodesic', 'flows', 'in', 'flat', 'and', 'curved', 'spacetimes']] | [-0.13966759139964102, 0.08770349804385036, -0.11469687978901408, 0.08609697673761961, -0.05906221709287196, -0.07279055218632315, -0.040929188554668254, 0.36064097106310666, -0.24478228163777613, -0.23923667118880057, 0.13726508365738588, -0.24668755251389252, -0.151000567723303, 0.17915668496496828, -0.02923277662336534, 0.06314287657447744, 0.04333108354031163, 0.005944916117918112, -0.11372561919658135, -0.24298732543327645, 0.410409471339674, 0.024644819836990507, 0.2617653233236542, 0.035670751317714654, 0.11438865411807508, -0.046480579615579734, -0.0451562622580312, 0.08863797628602661, -0.21496504066118516, 0.07674945269907624, 0.22451207061827766, 0.07535326200099114, 0.19633498135954142, -0.44370220512991737, -0.2069351592685516, 0.04895711322223731, 0.14330044320291457, 0.13404427713020614, -0.03495205316678895, -0.2717221407858911, 0.0465395569153057, -0.1336550970616586, -0.20655688819562212, -0.10588847169499643, 0.04484435009277042, 0.03562080197255401, -0.22580301663016572, 0.10912219704985938, 0.036006336748673054, 0.02567514769879042, -0.15540932441203326, -0.013903787806995358, -0.03920475319575738, 0.11111157987832877, 0.07638319118493253, -0.0666807109430688, 0.08728878827327315, -0.1601112811999794, -0.06052646806575449, 0.4007249715025811, -0.04903464174290717, -0.28087108277295736, 0.1992297619124692, -0.18861305261231667, -0.12605894681559326, 0.11848660262630266, 0.19651442067241112, 0.14452168274803234, -0.15657127851291613, 0.09792532003199335, 0.008102539910788775, 0.06926102028684873, 0.10531464497577034, -0.008743359803167336, 0.19184462189236107, 0.0876156129650589, 0.03157423095156749, 0.158304903190583, -0.06144862959684128, -0.12376404924525916, -0.3724448198050845, -0.16413578596970468, -0.06814902376237453, 0.04443360562892813, -0.13701179385223475, -0.15047125993570423, 0.40458149042473557, 0.15598218583709597, 0.2151764563510797, 0.026021908105844083, 0.2173096204870472, 0.0867071618855584, 0.01890654883840505, 0.08062775785961718, 0.25338231444994547, 0.1414286148159162, 0.098158472404797, -0.2603011856074719, 0.020646173114358794, 0.0727244833662339] |
709.0583 | Spiral model, jamming percolation and glass-jamming transitions | The Spiral Model (SM) corresponds to a new class of kinetically constrained
models introduced in joint works with D.S. Fisher [8,9]. They provide the first
example of finite dimensional models with an ideal glass-jamming transition.
This is due to an underlying jamming percolation transition which has
unconventional features: it is discontinuous (i.e. the percolating cluster is
compact at the transition) and the typical size of the clusters diverges faster
than any power law, leading to a Vogel-Fulcher-like divergence of the
relaxation time. Here we present a detailed physical analysis of SM, see [5]
for rigorous proofs. We also show that our arguments for SM does not need any
modification contrary to recent claims of Jeng and Schwarz [10].
| cond-mat.stat-mech | the spiral model sm corresponds to a new class of kinetically constrained models introduced in joint works with ds fisher 89 they provide the first example of finite dimensional models with an ideal glassjamming transition this is due to an underlying jamming percolation transition which has unconventional features it is discontinuous ie the percolating cluster is compact at the transition and the typical size of the clusters diverges faster than any power law leading to a vogelfulcherlike divergence of the relaxation time here we present a detailed physical analysis of sm see 5 for rigorous proofs we also show that our arguments for sm does not need any modification contrary to recent claims of jeng and schwarz 10 | [['the', 'spiral', 'model', 'sm', 'corresponds', 'to', 'a', 'new', 'class', 'of', 'kinetically', 'constrained', 'models', 'introduced', 'in', 'joint', 'works', 'with', 'ds', 'fisher', '89', 'they', 'provide', 'the', 'first', 'example', 'of', 'finite', 'dimensional', 'models', 'with', 'an', 'ideal', 'glassjamming', 'transition', 'this', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'an', 'underlying', 'jamming', 'percolation', 'transition', 'which', 'has', 'unconventional', 'features', 'it', 'is', 'discontinuous', 'ie', 'the', 'percolating', 'cluster', 'is', 'compact', 'at', 'the', 'transition', 'and', 'the', 'typical', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'clusters', 'diverges', 'faster', 'than', 'any', 'power', 'law', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'vogelfulcherlike', 'divergence', 'of', 'the', 'relaxation', 'time', 'here', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'detailed', 'physical', 'analysis', 'of', 'sm', 'see', '5', 'for', 'rigorous', 'proofs', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'arguments', 'for', 'sm', 'does', 'not', 'need', 'any', 'modification', 'contrary', 'to', 'recent', 'claims', 'of', 'jeng', 'and', 'schwarz', '10']] | [-0.07082601570160979, 0.12601510444400102, -0.10635259235077056, 0.056800862455114336, -0.09840070222432179, -0.15583438070185868, 0.06376384823896183, 0.3207986672380779, -0.22177135026692574, -0.26589324084463817, 0.07690500517492183, -0.2918578740209341, -0.14872908466977292, 0.12601794625817123, -0.03843502747998894, 0.0345100458502641, -0.027055884033024055, 0.043498182250036266, -0.10242459994784942, -0.24682084578169702, 0.291037345764725, 0.05942592814018757, 0.26854164063015246, 0.045633046044807495, 0.05701370443345915, -0.025790467448853726, -0.00018731290313961176, 0.015559276228706384, -0.18036798821544678, 0.07825192723850768, 0.19959991379945333, 0.0868379193566868, 0.2558794417257967, -0.38572375099014106, -0.2258690824202294, 0.12710077093376232, 0.15064043038653147, 0.13729418053167294, -0.041550031683512095, -0.24708491047755976, 0.12137432727191982, -0.1680626159178591, -0.1382470302612938, -0.0651309158179331, 0.02352998062069046, -0.033129705240596725, -0.2868112774830761, 0.11524214148135045, 0.11618933141841714, 0.05142058473449714, -0.030354674423318195, -0.09611358732017207, 0.010599607539539835, 0.06223631032806789, 0.030485133903406174, 0.041862524833112695, 0.12985331368038494, -0.08953304936717202, -0.14754997511045076, 0.3894661872342614, -0.036430323173935276, -0.14679721336016946, 0.24599036032329955, -0.14569275159838385, -0.15390555878184387, 0.152704445887076, 0.13712959837746516, 0.10565687586827623, -0.11620910128514314, 0.08490979160354793, -0.037826905051117826, 0.21109685051287042, 0.0010505365528937045, -0.004191314078995894, 0.16682783924524897, 0.18031575612258166, 0.07545891559907589, 0.11755307117910606, -0.07019522413611412, -0.12146675428134743, -0.3156064653464047, -0.15712896388040148, -0.17918425336769173, 0.07013311169969805, -0.11738652105474291, -0.17742155413625055, 0.3464801268218535, 0.14772943688851606, 0.20306247863557253, 0.08376966072507364, 0.2525782596444358, 0.1156967721251241, 0.06755027416611797, 0.09598679594938435, 0.24639733623038848, 0.11619957594867346, 0.09356288976389272, -0.17159477504500156, 0.05989036238692091, 0.041317570181804354] |
709.0584 | An approximate model for the adhesive contact of rough viscoelastic
surfaces | Surface roughness is known to easily suppress the adhesion of elastic
surfaces. Here a simple model for the contact of \emph{viscoelastic} rough
surfaces with significant levels of adhesion is presented. This approach is
derived from our previous model [E. Barthel and G. Haiat {\em Langmuir}, 18
9362 2002] for the adhesive contact of viscoelastic spheres. For simplicity a
simple loading/unloading history (infinitely fast loading and constant pull-out
velocity) is assumed. The model provides approximate analytical expressions for
the asperity response and exhibits the full viscoelastic adhesive contact
phenomenology such as stress relaxation inside the contact zone and creep at
the contact edges. Combining this model with a Greenwood-Williamson statistical
modeling of rough surfaces, we propose a quantitative assessment of the
adhesion to rough viscoelastic surfaces. We show that moderate viscoelasticity
efficiently restores adhesion on rough surfaces over a wide dynamic range.
| cond-mat.soft | surface roughness is known to easily suppress the adhesion of elastic surfaces here a simple model for the contact of emphviscoelastic rough surfaces with significant levels of adhesion is presented this approach is derived from our previous model e barthel and g haiat em langmuir 18 9362 2002 for the adhesive contact of viscoelastic spheres for simplicity a simple loadingunloading history infinitely fast loading and constant pullout velocity is assumed the model provides approximate analytical expressions for the asperity response and exhibits the full viscoelastic adhesive contact phenomenology such as stress relaxation inside the contact zone and creep at the contact edges combining this model with a greenwoodwilliamson statistical modeling of rough surfaces we propose a quantitative assessment of the adhesion to rough viscoelastic surfaces we show that moderate viscoelasticity efficiently restores adhesion on rough surfaces over a wide dynamic range | [['surface', 'roughness', 'is', 'known', 'to', 'easily', 'suppress', 'the', 'adhesion', 'of', 'elastic', 'surfaces', 'here', 'a', 'simple', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'contact', 'of', 'emphviscoelastic', 'rough', 'surfaces', 'with', 'significant', 'levels', 'of', 'adhesion', 'is', 'presented', 'this', 'approach', 'is', 'derived', 'from', 'our', 'previous', 'model', 'e', 'barthel', 'and', 'g', 'haiat', 'em', 'langmuir', '18', '9362', '2002', 'for', 'the', 'adhesive', 'contact', 'of', 'viscoelastic', 'spheres', 'for', 'simplicity', 'a', 'simple', 'loadingunloading', 'history', 'infinitely', 'fast', 'loading', 'and', 'constant', 'pullout', 'velocity', 'is', 'assumed', 'the', 'model', 'provides', 'approximate', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'asperity', 'response', 'and', 'exhibits', 'the', 'full', 'viscoelastic', 'adhesive', 'contact', 'phenomenology', 'such', 'as', 'stress', 'relaxation', 'inside', 'the', 'contact', 'zone', 'and', 'creep', 'at', 'the', 'contact', 'edges', 'combining', 'this', 'model', 'with', 'a', 'greenwoodwilliamson', 'statistical', 'modeling', 'of', 'rough', 'surfaces', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'quantitative', 'assessment', 'of', 'the', 'adhesion', 'to', 'rough', 'viscoelastic', 'surfaces', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'moderate', 'viscoelasticity', 'efficiently', 'restores', 'adhesion', 'on', 'rough', 'surfaces', 'over', 'a', 'wide', 'dynamic', 'range']] | [-0.11411374826929059, 0.1288955533926365, -0.11755526125552537, 0.02884411276149415, -0.08530614630190952, -0.18170848009311527, 0.031641077381842166, 0.3833843405911888, -0.2860605022616927, -0.2943422874516767, -0.006878872236668848, -0.24657020206306723, -0.20442690292670243, 0.19971584136584314, -0.08302348585583377, 0.08047509951301027, 0.058837034160851676, -0.047129777941744826, -0.02114841745208031, -0.18385828744984514, 0.23679088480919058, 0.03759653543702502, 0.2669018011783128, 0.12280177719135216, 0.12329857907615656, 0.05185704576222739, 0.04135909536515997, 0.07639897450048855, -0.26547452658474946, 0.116261678778202, 0.21275345424689568, -0.07421759998871257, 0.20175534737822803, -0.45970154307323735, -0.29594209760535456, 0.010503166467390036, 0.05048094821909942, 0.09289114828815387, 0.014288724769595201, -0.20611273570229177, 0.024830489547626265, -0.14977194534857635, -0.13651175487235456, -0.046240696130131466, 0.06605877025825632, 0.05472351821220439, -0.22110261891772837, 0.1306929155775899, 0.0708350460247501, 0.09916315020561434, -0.10837792812178479, -0.07088063382948546, -0.052771107371275626, 0.08177717547337322, 0.04126456384108388, -0.0038261051311670544, 0.20194731915261652, -0.13315401624287546, 0.0007321532441141164, 0.3792694969730371, -0.05199255427494105, -0.2185403098743679, 0.27177019430952065, -0.10713241813852843, -0.030651272094236567, 0.21997579052855354, 0.18299017422765063, 0.08160648433545577, -0.16594737698324025, 0.06359603376789154, -0.025485897293960526, 0.1303152072823782, 0.09210386581590696, -0.14446078486271555, 0.18224109335384076, 0.26131947181167325, 0.04074012946364456, 0.13777792358608998, -0.11901219766350814, -0.056581444716067526, -0.34267940594936197, -0.15518922722506998, -0.15111109021160266, 0.06725440381358014, -0.13766335553541928, -0.24036383579663959, 0.31770264353616623, 0.05934323525339689, 0.1884641054869238, 0.14432693359212598, 0.25123727815293206, 0.03576992426499508, 0.03421258260630935, 0.03891010068701175, 0.2672819508428591, 0.15902772740177487, 0.07857700357082016, -0.20431690459794272, 0.11320733154813449, 0.04896223428996577] |
709.0585 | The Black Hole Mass and Extreme Orbital Structure in NGC1399 | The largest galaxies, and in particular central galaxies in clusters, offer
unique insight into understanding the mechanism for the growth of nuclear black
holes. We present Hubble Space Telescope kinematics for NGC1399, the central
galaxy in Fornax. We find the best-fit model contains a black hole of 5.1 +-0.7
x 10^8 Msun (at a distance of 21.1 Mpc), a factor of over 2 below the
correlation of black hole mass and velocity dispersion. We also find a dramatic
signature for central tangential anisotropy. The velocity profiles on adjacent
sides 0.5" away from the nucleus show strong bimodality, and the central
spectrum shows a large drop in the dispersion. Both of these observations point
to an orbital distribution that is tangentially biased. The best-fit orbital
model suggests a ratio of the tangential to radial internal velocity
dispersions of three. This ratio is the largest seen in any galaxy to date and
will provide an important measure for the mode by which the central black hole
has grown.
| astro-ph | the largest galaxies and in particular central galaxies in clusters offer unique insight into understanding the mechanism for the growth of nuclear black holes we present hubble space telescope kinematics for ngc1399 the central galaxy in fornax we find the bestfit model contains a black hole of 51 07 x 108 msun at a distance of 211 mpc a factor of over 2 below the correlation of black hole mass and velocity dispersion we also find a dramatic signature for central tangential anisotropy the velocity profiles on adjacent sides 05 away from the nucleus show strong bimodality and the central spectrum shows a large drop in the dispersion both of these observations point to an orbital distribution that is tangentially biased the bestfit orbital model suggests a ratio of the tangential to radial internal velocity dispersions of three this ratio is the largest seen in any galaxy to date and will provide an important measure for the mode by which the central black hole has grown | [['the', 'largest', 'galaxies', 'and', 'in', 'particular', 'central', 'galaxies', 'in', 'clusters', 'offer', 'unique', 'insight', 'into', 'understanding', 'the', 'mechanism', 'for', 'the', 'growth', 'of', 'nuclear', 'black', 'holes', 'we', 'present', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'kinematics', 'for', 'ngc1399', 'the', 'central', 'galaxy', 'in', 'fornax', 'we', 'find', 'the', 'bestfit', 'model', 'contains', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'of', '51', '07', 'x', '108', 'msun', 'at', 'a', 'distance', 'of', '211', 'mpc', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'over', '2', 'below', 'the', 'correlation', 'of', 'black', 'hole', 'mass', 'and', 'velocity', 'dispersion', 'we', 'also', 'find', 'a', 'dramatic', 'signature', 'for', 'central', 'tangential', 'anisotropy', 'the', 'velocity', 'profiles', 'on', 'adjacent', 'sides', '05', 'away', 'from', 'the', 'nucleus', 'show', 'strong', 'bimodality', 'and', 'the', 'central', 'spectrum', 'shows', 'a', 'large', 'drop', 'in', 'the', 'dispersion', 'both', 'of', 'these', 'observations', 'point', 'to', 'an', 'orbital', 'distribution', 'that', 'is', 'tangentially', 'biased', 'the', 'bestfit', 'orbital', 'model', 'suggests', 'a', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'tangential', 'to', 'radial', 'internal', 'velocity', 'dispersions', 'of', 'three', 'this', 'ratio', 'is', 'the', 'largest', 'seen', 'in', 'any', 'galaxy', 'to', 'date', 'and', 'will', 'provide', 'an', 'important', 'measure', 'for', 'the', 'mode', 'by', 'which', 'the', 'central', 'black', 'hole', 'has', 'grown']] | [-0.12466336502300868, 0.0601034519325378, -0.10670791090050914, 0.08623123263550293, -0.058073412030879186, -0.06269253353049686, 0.029826088880009233, 0.36932260457549737, -0.17658270290682473, -0.32337851893067, 0.035438830055736836, -0.31003443195753877, -0.014367970158289894, 0.21096374927767475, -0.004601433508502072, -0.036741250163576766, 0.022979295387561154, -0.008270934604056437, -0.0870392289705552, -0.19373427552706843, 0.3174210653769369, 0.06668175177379365, 0.2261198679046952, 0.008151681856043617, 0.10447839650617216, -0.03299316396257919, -0.019300462049712617, 0.027947146947466184, -0.18849705311025988, 0.04767887917219616, 0.17316945681645793, 0.07965465698178005, 0.24779942894287138, -0.3208286028119724, -0.17375238825208003, 0.05713186230712447, 0.21302724627957467, 0.07968054011573521, -0.11443393482582599, -0.2416428591178012, 0.07966999739621687, -0.19617284221170717, -0.20582483016397715, 0.07359958029946828, 0.09929376559231026, -0.0003065398472770824, -0.20436478508299732, 0.18706365132894429, 0.04344436846090009, 0.0348408762758306, -0.11283433057805412, -0.12052604003321289, -0.09819799021281952, 0.09497687410484686, 0.04039939654423331, 0.08725141803243097, 0.18859052108264113, -0.11714897700006854, -0.021878207921182332, 0.3906117571428059, -0.061557982173041405, -0.05409392109701792, 0.17859411039333567, -0.28294519408246926, -0.14942843439716688, 0.1308200593156942, 0.20122916955242764, 0.07379285769862493, -0.1397776213609221, 0.041879270030802725, -0.04643933836325823, 0.2500843970360675, 0.04089512547522963, 0.03200420888203213, 0.36325350293822317, 0.10486150276987444, 0.08376990232885961, 0.09369158866557192, -0.20844926382835774, -0.034541942782318556, -0.24021973728983528, -0.1378332374165822, -0.13862981495544938, 0.08887664640759937, -0.20904872905854305, -0.12258475637386858, 0.3459537737127618, 0.08824669852774276, 0.2665129073121282, 0.024376462159695172, 0.25119146572385026, 0.07694537733142903, 0.10735442680769589, 0.12156008794365158, 0.34545851464057903, 0.15995724258400185, 0.07347851224925302, -0.23616913052595567, 0.023893850050440216, 0.009937754694753921] |
709.0586 | Embedding Brans-Dicke gravity into electroweak theory | We argue that a version of the four dimensional Brans-Dicke theory can be
embedded in the standard flat spacetime electroweak theory. The embedding
involves a change of variables that separates the isospin from the hypercharge
in the electroweak theory.
| hep-ph gr-qc hep-th | we argue that a version of the four dimensional bransdicke theory can be embedded in the standard flat spacetime electroweak theory the embedding involves a change of variables that separates the isospin from the hypercharge in the electroweak theory | [['we', 'argue', 'that', 'a', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'four', 'dimensional', 'bransdicke', 'theory', 'can', 'be', 'embedded', 'in', 'the', 'standard', 'flat', 'spacetime', 'electroweak', 'theory', 'the', 'embedding', 'involves', 'a', 'change', 'of', 'variables', 'that', 'separates', 'the', 'isospin', 'from', 'the', 'hypercharge', 'in', 'the', 'electroweak', 'theory']] | [-0.10831986774857609, 0.21628188692892975, -0.1393732411476473, 0.1207024954402676, -0.051978436418068714, -0.13650914498915276, -0.004387463010155046, 0.27952498285911787, -0.23491542815015867, -0.22865814606671053, 0.01702568423934281, -0.24065142425780112, -0.14423324449513203, 0.06391016454794086, -0.055699061697874315, -0.03288080389253222, -0.018578986852214888, 0.07055983673303555, -0.12268257181709394, -0.24343104101717472, 0.35276942140757084, -0.06060635198194247, 0.23456689822845733, -0.011597035070642447, 0.11376597823049778, 0.01609887956426694, 0.01001372634886931, 0.0715593312604305, -0.07519536035751792, 0.1231686347283614, 0.19658538622733873, 0.09143026010730328, 0.19438606281526005, -0.3967421755958826, -0.26838696334893125, 0.10277171817441018, 0.12344282710303862, 0.18121089074665156, -0.032457616371222034, -0.3153386105043002, 0.08358491582270616, -0.1804653417844421, -0.12795506336559087, -0.05535548877639648, -0.08964332575217271, -0.14831039106521088, -0.2900906563378297, 0.08832699780722554, -0.0007678836178130064, 0.011799237905786587, -0.06990559962697518, -0.06724788941060886, -0.08436629794633542, 0.0215821953681417, 0.1151464870915963, 0.06644565487304369, 0.156844017883906, -0.16963541505575472, -0.16939384514131609, 0.414012728115687, -0.08905251467457184, -0.2110611012754723, 0.1188132110505532, -0.11740083089814736, -0.2033295142225539, 0.0726919330131167, 0.12351716429186173, 0.0826778001128099, -0.10136961736358129, 0.3095050997650012, -0.04009119941829107, 0.23584605648349494, 0.06050778557665837, 0.020733356666870605, 0.26675973314409834, 0.15154222963759914, 0.02367131851422481, 0.09882111539049312, -0.03794835944874929, -0.19291274555218527, -0.47583480676015216, -0.17714937976919687, -0.0932488464571249, 0.0862651854657974, -0.17400187191863856, -0.17442431826239976, 0.37996524745502913, 0.13320528575404283, 0.16571775417870435, 0.001769700254767369, 0.27210829101311856, 0.11622518634734054, 0.07679114285378884, 0.036926413098206885, 0.30197993183556276, 0.15685706874594474, 0.0881971938487811, -0.18242088651272637, -0.0838785685109309, 0.17581007974699903] |
709.0587 | What can we learn from fluctuations of particle ratios? | We explain how fluctuations of ratios can constrain and falsify the
statistical model of particle production in heavy ion collisions, using $K/\pi$
fluctuations as an example. We define an observable capable of determining
which statistical model, if any, governs freeze-out in ultrarelativistic heavy
ion collisions. We calculate this observable for $K/\pi$ fluctuations, and show
that it should be the same for RHIC and LHC energies, as well as independent of
centrality, if the Grand-Canonical statistical model is an appropriate
description and chemical equilibrium applies. We describe variations of this
scaling for deviations from this scenario, such as light quark chemical
non-equilibrium, strange quark over-saturation and local conservation
(canonical ensemble) for strange quarks. We also introduce a similar observable
capable, together with the published $K^*/K$ measurement, of ascertaining if an
interacting hadron gas phase governs the system between thermal and chemical
freeze-out, and of ascertaining its duration and impact on hadronic chemistry.
| nucl-th hep-ex hep-ph nucl-ex | we explain how fluctuations of ratios can constrain and falsify the statistical model of particle production in heavy ion collisions using kpi fluctuations as an example we define an observable capable of determining which statistical model if any governs freezeout in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions we calculate this observable for kpi fluctuations and show that it should be the same for rhic and lhc energies as well as independent of centrality if the grandcanonical statistical model is an appropriate description and chemical equilibrium applies we describe variations of this scaling for deviations from this scenario such as light quark chemical nonequilibrium strange quark oversaturation and local conservation canonical ensemble for strange quarks we also introduce a similar observable capable together with the published kk measurement of ascertaining if an interacting hadron gas phase governs the system between thermal and chemical freezeout and of ascertaining its duration and impact on hadronic chemistry | [['we', 'explain', 'how', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'ratios', 'can', 'constrain', 'and', 'falsify', 'the', 'statistical', 'model', 'of', 'particle', 'production', 'in', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'using', 'kpi', 'fluctuations', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'we', 'define', 'an', 'observable', 'capable', 'of', 'determining', 'which', 'statistical', 'model', 'if', 'any', 'governs', 'freezeout', 'in', 'ultrarelativistic', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'we', 'calculate', 'this', 'observable', 'for', 'kpi', 'fluctuations', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'should', 'be', 'the', 'same', 'for', 'rhic', 'and', 'lhc', 'energies', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'independent', 'of', 'centrality', 'if', 'the', 'grandcanonical', 'statistical', 'model', 'is', 'an', 'appropriate', 'description', 'and', 'chemical', 'equilibrium', 'applies', 'we', 'describe', 'variations', 'of', 'this', 'scaling', 'for', 'deviations', 'from', 'this', 'scenario', 'such', 'as', 'light', 'quark', 'chemical', 'nonequilibrium', 'strange', 'quark', 'oversaturation', 'and', 'local', 'conservation', 'canonical', 'ensemble', 'for', 'strange', 'quarks', 'we', 'also', 'introduce', 'a', 'similar', 'observable', 'capable', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'published', 'kk', 'measurement', 'of', 'ascertaining', 'if', 'an', 'interacting', 'hadron', 'gas', 'phase', 'governs', 'the', 'system', 'between', 'thermal', 'and', 'chemical', 'freezeout', 'and', 'of', 'ascertaining', 'its', 'duration', 'and', 'impact', 'on', 'hadronic', 'chemistry']] | [-0.0459212347366292, 0.2640904928931492, -0.18059725330414755, 0.1462703619741323, 0.015493378925155725, -0.13387025007669698, 0.009103587668216387, 0.28672679060983736, -0.24432230769157015, -0.2771601915630876, -0.03476401360008545, -0.2990561198591199, -0.002194180181064945, 0.11670931648101236, 0.021470690192346344, 0.07034059489317028, 0.07574152569758258, 0.011402540231148237, -0.050902222862177285, -0.1626608810180934, 0.31581063607911153, 0.09661183828512664, 0.20586027367355067, 0.14251807020878457, 0.08319040916922552, 0.018156852772064656, -0.016107166008268243, 0.006187287927913596, -0.1332883190116263, 0.020170633554295173, 0.21420691906789083, 0.10372059224577218, 0.12884679830182863, -0.38009693497014757, -0.19811325759275367, 0.18064953334358158, 0.15628856775313862, 0.1312557823087909, -0.062177126916489314, -0.2063045854316346, 0.06470614376014164, -0.22393549891614312, -0.18486415358130753, -0.1214638727729437, 0.02896942457396981, 0.03234346803055694, -0.29562988571686954, 0.10101178392520427, -0.012880982836517228, 0.07949459832932627, -0.04254618043693658, -0.162877058489279, -0.06949587999565514, 0.05181715179802172, 0.047728498588895905, 0.014314107214476889, 0.23215148203222957, -0.1327980046672438, -0.09236198811119559, 0.4490131392137499, -0.08196796763176407, -0.1480001849415311, 0.1988926472894798, -0.14471783191089008, -0.18820363869397155, 0.07783064957159196, 0.20980158599636314, 0.06527883753439548, -0.21372842433436817, 0.04572881899299162, -0.019426276876486296, 0.17106810938945657, 0.05996680907428647, 0.06517170907140074, 0.27408436523590063, 0.2138572662624697, -0.0152650432143089, 0.08528684582565109, -0.06509253295872434, -0.11744256248537278, -0.3812868812287979, -0.16232949570869867, -0.14109167465107478, 0.06852284640718301, -0.10320795694326007, -0.1173430612212084, 0.3741842063378222, 0.17956665317090043, 0.23899674057707634, -0.021948425553350505, 0.2754995711409912, 0.10091927387005348, -0.01315173413296113, 0.09354532019555914, 0.26686999277945683, 0.1579205103169214, 0.1522393213918075, -0.31066106662111026, 0.0946042032986386, 0.0498719019645714] |
709.0588 | Optimization of Short Coherent Control Pulses | The coherent control of small quantum system is considered. For a two-level
system coupled to an arbitrary bath we consider a pulse of finite duration. We
derive the leading and the next-leading order corrections to the evolution
operator due to the non-commutation of the pulse and the bath Hamiltonian. The
conditions are computed that make the leading corrections vanish. The pulse
shapes optimized in this way are given for $\pi$ and $\frac{\pi}{2}$ pulses.
| quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | the coherent control of small quantum system is considered for a twolevel system coupled to an arbitrary bath we consider a pulse of finite duration we derive the leading and the nextleading order corrections to the evolution operator due to the noncommutation of the pulse and the bath hamiltonian the conditions are computed that make the leading corrections vanish the pulse shapes optimized in this way are given for pi and fracpi2 pulses | [['the', 'coherent', 'control', 'of', 'small', 'quantum', 'system', 'is', 'considered', 'for', 'a', 'twolevel', 'system', 'coupled', 'to', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'bath', 'we', 'consider', 'a', 'pulse', 'of', 'finite', 'duration', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'leading', 'and', 'the', 'nextleading', 'order', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'evolution', 'operator', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'noncommutation', 'of', 'the', 'pulse', 'and', 'the', 'bath', 'hamiltonian', 'the', 'conditions', 'are', 'computed', 'that', 'make', 'the', 'leading', 'corrections', 'vanish', 'the', 'pulse', 'shapes', 'optimized', 'in', 'this', 'way', 'are', 'given', 'for', 'pi', 'and', 'fracpi2', 'pulses']] | [-0.17950735794865105, 0.20261769625218745, -0.09381605684757233, 0.0688041118675307, 0.00377754410665023, -0.15073356214808684, 0.005276776343099263, 0.37647811952365995, -0.25072322043028905, -0.2603900757656522, 0.05529824838724804, -0.2762173739459672, -0.05055597014342473, 0.1795042932244043, -0.024273914182941392, 0.07686196168093648, 0.05529558885689467, 0.05199587218182748, -0.05948287618269965, -0.19534143548752245, 0.30178318889046163, 0.03492615970763799, 0.2160606905945564, 0.04779313438355106, 0.11847572501952926, 0.006461420944853596, 0.025320666716178903, -0.05630862419429707, -0.1152640571599477, 0.06581663049451292, 0.21777548549109943, 0.01761069030768863, 0.21876394376158714, -0.464111521559423, -0.16611143235198528, 0.09969618569498193, 0.12600745939791572, 0.18279814882178422, 0.0022423861242116313, -0.2697880734013368, 0.05056011014337307, -0.20187938241415646, -0.16956090751703676, -0.07049212660257743, 0.03289395846962316, 0.038459357346267736, -0.29966661170737385, 0.035258676180590504, 0.06060001180086234, -0.028460000705433218, -0.03394706087977919, -0.02329998420653482, 0.024052777420091508, 0.1582727305166908, 0.013156260684298428, 0.025485083294955836, 0.13567018691348295, -0.11150076335984958, -0.06279203757541636, 0.405866773620452, -0.08910268239440933, -0.19117346084485315, 0.08976945473672185, -0.1378249749924018, -0.03618340976281117, 0.15175395938631606, 0.1568582630174056, 0.14563732153308667, -0.1543717420698233, 0.07666496492121751, 0.06831511707134443, 0.19968368540747627, 0.06594496809762634, 0.08032945101468326, 0.1478948248933031, 0.09905318143994432, 0.08365090944714947, 0.19447427937020995, -0.06460359342370743, -0.12253306290670617, -0.34927919754528836, -0.09067499626919066, -0.14607451528259743, 0.0627542307268675, -0.07620577119256541, -0.17831574220924754, 0.433849229962144, 0.14588945485294275, 0.16031857384432566, 0.043716163565851236, 0.27156774385845006, 0.2526555653942162, 0.03547330817194936, 0.03575775149112491, 0.22955223167799924, 0.1828074784286014, 0.06645568622250671, -0.34089124835836254, 0.008122006003834205, 0.024089108999461345] |
709.0589 | Temporary behavior of 'persistent' current in normal rings | In equilibrium, the number of conduction electrons in a solid substance
depends on the conformation of the atoms in the substance. When a magnetic
field is applied, it takes time for the system to come to a new equilibrium
with a new conformation. During such times, current may flow. But, unless
superconduction is involved, the new equilibrium contains no current. It is
shown that the transitory currents are consistent with experiments involving
magnetization of small rings at low temperatures.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con | in equilibrium the number of conduction electrons in a solid substance depends on the conformation of the atoms in the substance when a magnetic field is applied it takes time for the system to come to a new equilibrium with a new conformation during such times current may flow but unless superconduction is involved the new equilibrium contains no current it is shown that the transitory currents are consistent with experiments involving magnetization of small rings at low temperatures | [['in', 'equilibrium', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'conduction', 'electrons', 'in', 'a', 'solid', 'substance', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'conformation', 'of', 'the', 'atoms', 'in', 'the', 'substance', 'when', 'a', 'magnetic', 'field', 'is', 'applied', 'it', 'takes', 'time', 'for', 'the', 'system', 'to', 'come', 'to', 'a', 'new', 'equilibrium', 'with', 'a', 'new', 'conformation', 'during', 'such', 'times', 'current', 'may', 'flow', 'but', 'unless', 'superconduction', 'is', 'involved', 'the', 'new', 'equilibrium', 'contains', 'no', 'current', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'transitory', 'currents', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'experiments', 'involving', 'magnetization', 'of', 'small', 'rings', 'at', 'low', 'temperatures']] | [-0.16160748981063172, 0.21586469565798186, -0.05471352353998566, 0.02097317406500961, -0.016967915626289912, -0.14317670551753497, 0.03789317408352619, 0.343648087563394, -0.2573010939161611, -0.27226581532932537, 0.0697401382892593, -0.25721017266564733, -0.04915324828434217, 0.20546795131898002, -0.01892816800553399, -0.035625476779156846, 0.03973836375141068, 0.08736543705070957, -0.033630402201692326, -0.20179504814522364, 0.27578074664844177, 0.053424398618149044, 0.25105576434090165, 0.08008406679087048, 0.1011468455301527, -0.05463155028056589, 0.07879227554849998, 0.07896870611046877, -0.0924900258099034, 0.030613824253595327, 0.19955796078201146, 0.041596843536848886, 0.24185886949630855, -0.5038551469156637, -0.19542586423833913, 0.09054956699521104, 0.10016606631688774, 0.1555789546876014, -0.04746479359661712, -0.20295733227571355, 0.05795769727069743, -0.10425463745582707, -0.10848736377503676, -0.07466351562710125, 0.0568420352772338, 0.0323778451832978, -0.2770204371477984, 0.10295270723172853, 0.04705979633793424, 0.038657791146277626, -0.08997762465224707, -0.13207658989018983, -0.05496557717671311, 0.11060685001179588, 0.088922329367834, 0.06185176612697306, 0.19381785095681117, -0.15312490429209039, -0.03965705808817963, 0.38553359449098384, -0.05760057998196328, -0.14841318639773357, 0.2253163296912054, -0.19207039883336688, -0.11223193351768807, 0.19745722144276281, 0.11459972844989616, 0.11011522507908035, -0.14482821808052926, 0.06014478825882985, -0.03808242528215994, 0.16875005392298761, 0.02974506997196829, -0.019721391470808113, 0.27239206881274153, 0.1941413994778325, 0.09714780108195648, 0.15297742956612684, -0.08096685289711797, -0.14037440754944766, -0.26350526196905705, -0.19974634609527037, -0.1953210019612614, 0.08972447227592333, -0.04249496795119175, -0.17273585659951338, 0.40120592056125215, 0.11656816338654608, 0.1658049681565807, -0.026313473163997826, 0.27590583162264354, 0.10661045784319315, 0.069939382999098, 0.1036194798159354, 0.2610169221187317, 0.10960813163823148, 0.14043268941555032, -0.23069008394392043, 0.1149536998105483, 0.000871000619888117] |
709.059 | SUBARU Near-Infrared Multi-Color Images of Class II Young Stellar
Object, RNO91 | We conducted sub-arcsecond near-infrared imaging observations of RNO91 with
CIAO mounted on the SUBARU 8.2 m telescope. We present our JHK band data along
with optical images, which when considered together reveal a complex
circumstellar structure. We examined the colors of associated nebula and
compared the geometry of the outflow/disk system suggested by our data with
that already proposed on the basis of previous studies. Our K-band image shows
bright circumstellar nebulosity detected within 2"(300AU) around the central
source while it is less conspicuous at shorter wavelengths such as J and
optical. P.A. and size of this red color nebulosity in our H-K color image
agree with those of the previously detected polarization disk. These data
agreement indicate that this bright circumstellar nebulosity region which
follows the reddening law might be attributed to a disk-like structure. At J
and optical wavelengths, several blue knot-like structures are detected around
and beyond the bright circumstellar nebulosity. We suggest that these knotty
reflection nebulae may represent disintegrating fragments of an infalling
envelope. The three-color composite image has an appearance of arc-shaped
nebulosity extending to the north and to the east through the central source.
On the other end of this arc-shaped structure, the nebula appears to become
more extended (2."3 long) to the southwest. We interpret these structures as
roots of bipolar cavities opening to the northeast and southwest. The complex
distribution of reflection nebulosity seen around RNO91 appears to confirm the
interpretation of this source as an object dispersing its molecular envelope
while transitioning from protostar to T Tauri star.
| astro-ph | we conducted subarcsecond nearinfrared imaging observations of rno91 with ciao mounted on the subaru 82 m telescope we present our jhk band data along with optical images which when considered together reveal a complex circumstellar structure we examined the colors of associated nebula and compared the geometry of the outflowdisk system suggested by our data with that already proposed on the basis of previous studies our kband image shows bright circumstellar nebulosity detected within 2300au around the central source while it is less conspicuous at shorter wavelengths such as j and optical pa and size of this red color nebulosity in our hk color image agree with those of the previously detected polarization disk these data agreement indicate that this bright circumstellar nebulosity region which follows the reddening law might be attributed to a disklike structure at j and optical wavelengths several blue knotlike structures are detected around and beyond the bright circumstellar nebulosity we suggest that these knotty reflection nebulae may represent disintegrating fragments of an infalling envelope the threecolor composite image has an appearance of arcshaped nebulosity extending to the north and to the east through the central source on the other end of this arcshaped structure the nebula appears to become more extended 23 long to the southwest we interpret these structures as roots of bipolar cavities opening to the northeast and southwest the complex distribution of reflection nebulosity seen around rno91 appears to confirm the interpretation of this source as an object dispersing its molecular envelope while transitioning from protostar to t tauri star | [['we', 'conducted', 'subarcsecond', 'nearinfrared', 'imaging', 'observations', 'of', 'rno91', 'with', 'ciao', 'mounted', 'on', 'the', 'subaru', '82', 'm', 'telescope', 'we', 'present', 'our', 'jhk', 'band', 'data', 'along', 'with', 'optical', 'images', 'which', 'when', 'considered', 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709.0591 | Utility function estimation: the entropy approach | The maximum entropy principle can be used to assign utility values when only
partial information is available about the decision maker's preferences. In
order to obtain such utility values it is necessary to establish an analogy
between probability and utility through the notion of a utility density
function. According to some authors [Soofi (1990), Abbas (2006a) (2006b),
Sandow et al. (2006), Friedman and Sandow (2006), Darooneh (2006)] the maximum
entropy utility solution embeds a large family of utility functions. In this
paper we explore the maximum entropy principle to estimate the utility function
of a risk averse decision maker.
| q-fin.ST physics.data-an | the maximum entropy principle can be used to assign utility values when only partial information is available about the decision makers preferences in order to obtain such utility values it is necessary to establish an analogy between probability and utility through the notion of a utility density function according to some authors soofi 1990 abbas 2006a 2006b sandow et al 2006 friedman and sandow 2006 darooneh 2006 the maximum entropy utility solution embeds a large family of utility functions in this paper we explore the maximum entropy principle to estimate the utility function of a risk averse decision maker | [['the', 'maximum', 'entropy', 'principle', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'assign', 'utility', 'values', 'when', 'only', 'partial', 'information', 'is', 'available', 'about', 'the', 'decision', 'makers', 'preferences', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'obtain', 'such', 'utility', 'values', 'it', 'is', 'necessary', 'to', 'establish', 'an', 'analogy', 'between', 'probability', 'and', 'utility', 'through', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'a', 'utility', 'density', 'function', 'according', 'to', 'some', 'authors', 'soofi', '1990', 'abbas', '2006a', '2006b', 'sandow', 'et', 'al', '2006', 'friedman', 'and', 'sandow', '2006', 'darooneh', '2006', 'the', 'maximum', 'entropy', 'utility', 'solution', 'embeds', 'a', 'large', 'family', 'of', 'utility', 'functions', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'explore', 'the', 'maximum', 'entropy', 'principle', 'to', 'estimate', 'the', 'utility', 'function', 'of', 'a', 'risk', 'averse', 'decision', 'maker']] | [-0.04859197808423472, 0.0004299096139699319, -0.09358894311283764, 0.1038595090485423, -0.17981237982840914, -0.08585195694804976, 0.15049169907517929, 0.36271798551866885, -0.2783612563017462, -0.3277844205474187, 0.08929440419336683, -0.3050730327095248, -0.15877183786360546, 0.1116106649174502, -0.1831497620104959, 0.07791357384290007, 0.012722389694107206, 0.025408984328571117, 0.011380180662595912, -0.33507327074675186, 0.2762127423953069, 0.10607486366245307, 0.30730940362340525, 0.051288738390920977, 0.10789419294972169, 0.08147483579324265, 0.016101484378113557, 0.06708839451089979, -0.22052403358056358, 0.11727963795787409, 0.3084713429408638, 0.23794170366109987, 0.39920601890863555, -0.29462398661202505, -0.18919599803752804, 0.13097107713845998, -0.02445723333910696, 0.043025392862527, 0.036872092070744225, -0.2546181960913696, 0.03412001276584832, -0.23996139507936803, -0.1134695738161865, -0.07056064483170446, 0.03937279323704149, 0.011436203102532187, -0.35725082970763505, 0.05425015421290147, 0.016059064061233874, 0.0011409197615361527, -0.03661798892640754, -0.09685846998503334, -0.06339359891012702, 0.10332799083706433, 0.05099245725983852, 0.04192650971909691, 0.09826790259562825, -0.08395529845974554, -0.16584117173364288, 0.2923591970337408, -0.04011144818321458, -0.17301677659546075, 0.14141517441327633, -0.08628956006937906, -0.11693305420248132, 0.09494456052289982, 0.19573984734321895, 0.11894459952845385, -0.18422212618185624, 0.07685482292068437, -0.07955269971004639, 0.15506860901430053, 0.11758893752764714, -0.0023568271352958524, 0.1642405946199831, 0.07618400082237234, 0.08830560938896317, 0.14512488936490722, -0.009203779061422928, -0.1312554090069362, -0.27224231551548367, -0.2210226787450282, -0.2167957194443596, 0.06276673414793453, -0.10441950658262757, -0.08949253847332377, 0.3165513355480997, 0.17619860676166257, 0.18782160367914721, 0.12130094635251322, 0.2355020330189482, 0.18576176385150145, -0.03340022287478572, 0.11795444261576785, 0.20864386734656842, 0.1319313573920609, 0.066456246807387, -0.1661403639389104, 0.16852705916389824, 0.09532503932959548] |
709.0592 | Transport through a multiply connected interacting meso-system using the
Keldysh formalism | We apply the Keldysh formalism in order to derive a current formula easy to
use for a system with many sites, one of which is interacting. The main
technical challenge is to deal with the lesser Green function. It turns out
that, in the case of the left-right symmetry, the knowledge of the lesser Green
function is not necessary and an exact current formula can be expressed in
terms of retarded Green functions only. The application is done for a
triangular interferometer which gives a good account of the Fano-Kondo effect.
It is found that the interference effects, in the context of Kondo
correlations, give rise to a point in the parameters space where the
conductance is temperature-independent. We include a comparison with the
results from the Ng's ansatz, which are less accurate, but can be used also in
the absence of the above mentioned symmetry.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | we apply the keldysh formalism in order to derive a current formula easy to use for a system with many sites one of which is interacting the main technical challenge is to deal with the lesser green function it turns out that in the case of the leftright symmetry the knowledge of the lesser green function is not necessary and an exact current formula can be expressed in terms of retarded green functions only the application is done for a triangular interferometer which gives a good account of the fanokondo effect it is found that the interference effects in the context of kondo correlations give rise to a point in the parameters space where the conductance is temperatureindependent we include a comparison with the results from the ngs ansatz which are less accurate but can be used also in the absence of the above mentioned symmetry | [['we', 'apply', 'the', 'keldysh', 'formalism', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'derive', 'a', 'current', 'formula', 'easy', 'to', 'use', 'for', 'a', 'system', 'with', 'many', 'sites', 'one', 'of', 'which', 'is', 'interacting', 'the', 'main', 'technical', 'challenge', 'is', 'to', 'deal', 'with', 'the', 'lesser', 'green', 'function', 'it', 'turns', 'out', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'leftright', 'symmetry', 'the', 'knowledge', 'of', 'the', 'lesser', 'green', 'function', 'is', 'not', 'necessary', 'and', 'an', 'exact', 'current', 'formula', 'can', 'be', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'retarded', 'green', 'functions', 'only', 'the', 'application', 'is', 'done', 'for', 'a', 'triangular', 'interferometer', 'which', 'gives', 'a', 'good', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'fanokondo', 'effect', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'interference', 'effects', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'kondo', 'correlations', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'a', 'point', 'in', 'the', 'parameters', 'space', 'where', 'the', 'conductance', 'is', 'temperatureindependent', 'we', 'include', 'a', 'comparison', 'with', 'the', 'results', 'from', 'the', 'ngs', 'ansatz', 'which', 'are', 'less', 'accurate', 'but', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'also', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'the', 'above', 'mentioned', 'symmetry']] | [-0.1256699921317679, 0.07441854441455925, -0.10192009037016087, 0.11212985961194061, -0.07070344898766799, -0.11009808217034969, 0.017300485842223344, 0.34225616030784145, -0.2179916920634752, -0.28247574364370986, 0.08410277197054548, -0.24980150462982997, -0.1645864851051967, 0.2000320376461525, -0.026437872944221105, -0.023235983368366547, 0.015685330696837748, 0.04790981966294093, -0.08016336423804192, -0.2304610120170839, 0.30277624281684623, 0.042861319743479565, 0.2669853455552908, 0.1029567891502217, 0.06335565891620792, 0.015574372058163385, 0.011813610980338226, 0.020470285700268927, -0.0907861553424569, 0.0916924742216919, 0.24218619306737635, 0.056662736798649374, 0.22824832345422816, -0.4118537038488135, -0.16954644364049684, 0.09663392612008914, 0.14083867417233806, 0.1590668697855818, -0.01725243470210531, -0.2511331648167146, 0.054354299323103865, -0.17788533137932624, -0.15867471758735507, -0.06425011417452144, -0.0009727930579946874, 0.007775621692815872, -0.29247124742218994, 0.07562313893389704, 0.041323479638141515, 0.008482377618959504, -0.030131692452713438, -0.11084397381716982, -0.013475562764765464, 0.14607318350407358, 0.03902058379903232, 0.07025091914613157, 0.08901397807344999, -0.1215774235634567, -0.06145732219598881, 0.3964150264246823, -0.053851974473417774, -0.22160780945256964, 0.15711110056384325, -0.16472283024213288, -0.11235086663230641, 0.13438820723868422, 0.09755212693373123, 0.11082769981234603, -0.17918165797393207, 0.09720073146897062, -0.03710771783267799, 0.1424468961962553, 0.03645772363492989, 0.04048533463365819, 0.18605447944081452, 0.1365261656321483, 0.08526960301670654, 0.18143253761649847, -0.052664200819977754, -0.11652219112426655, -0.3299998490025021, -0.15830683516157965, -0.19451780823914155, 0.0537859309204154, -0.04504098450716773, -0.16640667835799083, 0.40673446813789643, 0.1710411247746279, 0.19747991496314332, 0.02145686656418448, 0.28506338856604, 0.18510120271462693, 0.12046257736901306, 0.01916376396707476, 0.2218668237791001, 0.13441140652787298, 0.08856607279548906, -0.22742231830807835, 0.07157514982997146, 0.045024593494679424] |
709.0593 | Electron spin manipulation and resonator readout in a double quantum dot
nano-electromechanical system | Magnetically coupling a nano-mechanical resonator to a double quantum dot
confining two electrons can enable the manipulation of a single electron spin
and the readout of the resonator's natural frequency. When the Larmor frequency
matches the resonator frequency, the electron spin in one of the dots can be
selectively flipped by the magnetised resonator. By simultaneously measuring
the charge state of the two-electron double quantum dots, this transition can
be detected thus enabling the natural frequency of the mechanical resonator to
be determined.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | magnetically coupling a nanomechanical resonator to a double quantum dot confining two electrons can enable the manipulation of a single electron spin and the readout of the resonators natural frequency when the larmor frequency matches the resonator frequency the electron spin in one of the dots can be selectively flipped by the magnetised resonator by simultaneously measuring the charge state of the twoelectron double quantum dots this transition can be detected thus enabling the natural frequency of the mechanical resonator to be determined | [['magnetically', 'coupling', 'a', 'nanomechanical', 'resonator', 'to', 'a', 'double', 'quantum', 'dot', 'confining', 'two', 'electrons', 'can', 'enable', 'the', 'manipulation', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'electron', 'spin', 'and', 'the', 'readout', 'of', 'the', 'resonators', 'natural', 'frequency', 'when', 'the', 'larmor', 'frequency', 'matches', 'the', 'resonator', 'frequency', 'the', 'electron', 'spin', 'in', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'dots', 'can', 'be', 'selectively', 'flipped', 'by', 'the', 'magnetised', 'resonator', 'by', 'simultaneously', 'measuring', 'the', 'charge', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'twoelectron', 'double', 'quantum', 'dots', 'this', 'transition', 'can', 'be', 'detected', 'thus', 'enabling', 'the', 'natural', 'frequency', 'of', 'the', 'mechanical', 'resonator', 'to', 'be', 'determined']] | [-0.16696590188531632, 0.30719257247106857, 0.028403449803590775, -0.060063999405703006, -0.021714318779308395, -0.2417839808636401, 0.048260838348777535, 0.37936670494725905, -0.26468533619183554, -0.2689520202307816, -0.014307013798381639, -0.26168114336274834, -0.01084205844854734, 0.2622236182172614, 0.012530528126755753, 0.04923507659864354, 0.014026506714163774, 0.01159077572512878, -0.027381748961094004, -0.10702030623264341, 0.23929456973179097, 0.046009962219767365, 0.28886168400745793, 0.03493160276999136, 0.10697062318044973, -0.02092102570571454, 0.15116071954638843, -0.04134075980947678, -0.0798433345731303, 0.09131863722241068, 0.28422330167279186, -0.03886591223999858, 0.2575750680056861, -0.4765993738659175, -0.14662043571876116, 0.0270115947996053, 0.1948545334568943, 0.17082334932007165, -0.011094491407050785, -0.3194128678864743, -0.005274046436849847, -0.1726090861792979, -0.09238387088863606, -0.05894570992922926, -0.05258000395204648, 0.02086664042828313, -0.2625673641955637, 0.033950416247798015, 0.0674967578954501, -0.030292347208204038, 0.00532692356641034, 0.03838988842375307, -0.005387941246336124, 0.09009093685666132, -0.061108450842909064, 0.03490854233660432, 0.2889422152685114, -0.0835087793284511, -0.17647298022049918, 0.34661499806960305, -0.05746002226832311, -0.18424555491649053, 0.09806162020169108, -0.2449278076381299, 0.029820445992321854, 0.11878085588609957, 0.08559179863140705, 0.09031429225591177, -0.15160695416098938, 0.060894542025172166, 0.02746618469526251, 0.23078561747020268, 0.13471477042255273, 0.12528266412127448, 0.33346539821071797, 0.16205423713257783, 0.029097365249082983, 0.16981641963230873, -0.14304728253957738, -0.030322287425241738, -0.2031967391046774, -0.16989698604658157, -0.2558014819465847, 0.12463512361128197, -0.10003690910227568, -0.15700763803962842, 0.49527038283735875, 0.07232364625613912, 0.15089449031749763, -0.12615500372576427, 0.3303855270124882, 0.17814806016184478, 0.09997869462492955, -0.04578902385848384, 0.31131555736121014, 0.22310423288292375, 0.03119245159204107, -0.403679637799421, -0.056236275410032774, -0.030495399597987354] |
709.0594 | Transient quantum evolution of 2D electrons under photoexcitation of a
deep center | We have considered the ballistic propagation of the 2D electron Wigner
distribution, which is excited by an ultrashort optical pulse from a
short-range impurity into the first quantized subband of a selectively-doped
heterostructure with high mobility. Transient ionization of a deep local state
into a continuum conduction c-band state is described. Since the quantum nature
of the photoexcitation, the Wigner distribution over 2D plane appears to be an
alternating-sign function. Due to a negative contribution to the Wigner
function, the mean values (concentration, energy, and flow) demonstrate an
oscillating transient evolution in contrast to the diffusive classical regime
of propagation.
| cond-mat.other cond-mat.stat-mech | we have considered the ballistic propagation of the 2d electron wigner distribution which is excited by an ultrashort optical pulse from a shortrange impurity into the first quantized subband of a selectivelydoped heterostructure with high mobility transient ionization of a deep local state into a continuum conduction cband state is described since the quantum nature of the photoexcitation the wigner distribution over 2d plane appears to be an alternatingsign function due to a negative contribution to the wigner function the mean values concentration energy and flow demonstrate an oscillating transient evolution in contrast to the diffusive classical regime of propagation | [['we', 'have', 'considered', 'the', 'ballistic', 'propagation', 'of', 'the', '2d', 'electron', 'wigner', 'distribution', 'which', 'is', 'excited', 'by', 'an', 'ultrashort', 'optical', 'pulse', 'from', 'a', 'shortrange', 'impurity', 'into', 'the', 'first', 'quantized', 'subband', 'of', 'a', 'selectivelydoped', 'heterostructure', 'with', 'high', 'mobility', 'transient', 'ionization', 'of', 'a', 'deep', 'local', 'state', 'into', 'a', 'continuum', 'conduction', 'cband', 'state', 'is', 'described', 'since', 'the', 'quantum', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'photoexcitation', 'the', 'wigner', 'distribution', 'over', '2d', 'plane', 'appears', 'to', 'be', 'an', 'alternatingsign', 'function', 'due', 'to', 'a', 'negative', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'wigner', 'function', 'the', 'mean', 'values', 'concentration', 'energy', 'and', 'flow', 'demonstrate', 'an', 'oscillating', 'transient', 'evolution', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'the', 'diffusive', 'classical', 'regime', 'of', 'propagation']] | [-0.12232382089830934, 0.18804385067822296, -0.10378470958676189, 0.031657584269996736, -0.0046186429646331816, -0.1128174617094919, 0.015768096481915562, 0.3828860783949494, -0.3085350186843425, -0.24013163306284696, -0.006918831062503159, -0.2795381345623173, -0.10052961902692914, 0.15220111941918732, 0.032609608890488744, 0.06043429699158878, -0.006733448370359838, -0.034756375532597306, -0.05652452173642814, -0.18094687407836318, 0.2611156321596354, 0.052783937265048736, 0.3106374161504209, 0.052879803656833244, 0.09871947191655636, 0.0475425401609391, 0.07905054685659707, -0.025698680337518452, -0.09214342460545595, 0.04730354792438447, 0.20701225944329052, -0.0584914780408144, 0.27063764340244234, -0.4309472877532244, -0.2745632068673149, 0.006773830535821617, 0.17155248590861447, 0.15446660969289952, -0.06705034040147438, -0.31043903159094044, 0.004959004069678486, -0.1580321981012821, -0.14556685755960644, -0.003617162368755089, 0.015381859310436993, 0.03732061071321368, -0.24726700210012495, 0.13312616502400487, 0.05765231270343065, -0.01839199647307396, -0.09282121023163199, -0.06456423815339804, -0.03735326902940869, 0.09672698533628137, -0.006616603535367176, 0.04566062898142263, 0.14428028249298222, -0.17599976658821107, -0.08436495827976614, 0.35339967273175715, -0.09451848517172039, -0.1435540025564842, 0.132527893204242, -0.19725151327147614, 0.0048677160171791915, 0.22740726521238686, 0.1637846539192833, 0.09423624370014295, -0.13736745826900004, 0.028553349230860475, -0.010753121513407677, 0.17816329128108918, 0.05331495887599885, 0.06527488420717419, 0.24211909872479737, 0.15323236753232777, 0.06449644428910688, 0.15021291046752594, -0.1750660002231598, -0.10784761450253427, -0.2431811395660043, -0.16215437763370574, -0.261420147070894, 0.13978962162509562, -0.028193001332547284, -0.21684487965889276, 0.45517148058861495, 0.0819102576043224, 0.20517033119685948, -0.011115760206012055, 0.26740399915724994, 0.21393260917102452, 0.0007750204531475902, 0.06049897499382496, 0.24187234114855527, 0.19925453673815355, 0.11840882650925778, -0.27806029201019555, 0.0437310066446662, 0.02144229380879551] |
709.0595 | Observables in multi-detector analyses of supernova neutrinos | This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to errors in the figures.
| hep-ph | this paper has been withdrawn by the author due to errors in the figures | [['this', 'paper', 'has', 'been', 'withdrawn', 'by', 'the', 'author', 'due', 'to', 'errors', 'in', 'the', 'figures']] | [-0.10006661912692445, -0.020335858754281486, -0.11206320513572011, -0.06369040657799425, -0.08331371311630521, -0.012484078029436725, 0.002345973700617573, 0.32606036961078644, -0.25192813761532307, -0.4037838280200958, 0.12276170671352052, -0.34405405739588396, -0.15419600917292492, 0.09646940763507571, -0.35882782297474997, 0.11001865938305855, 0.04674899657922132, -0.06796724375869546, -0.02682681049087218, -0.38091384057354716, 0.30227771401405334, 0.17477529176643916, 0.23971250440393174, 0.19439299271575042, 0.018269434770835296, -0.11399512458592653, -0.12512709173773015, -0.0029688418975898196, -0.14712533700679029, 0.11801609330411468, 0.2560532870037215, -0.02553446718957275, 0.4175765761839492, -0.3606892491557768, -0.21395299477236612, 0.14585960869278228, 0.17746300117245742, 0.21773542144468852, -0.05998417761709009, -0.3887166210583278, 0.1882606813950198, -0.3213700409978628, -0.09301002074166068, -0.015529618398951632, 0.13824118421013867, -0.08684784726106695, -0.07707489621160286, 0.0741861203818449, 0.15928748848715, 0.1597958763263055, 0.07568773068487644, -0.17423449137381145, 0.08760460705629416, 0.18016199434974364, 0.23167950393898146, 0.10939343792519399, -0.016354163443403586, -0.05273311397260321, -0.1171488326841167, 0.40575044815029415, 0.06647914368659258, -0.2639773428174002, 0.028915259454931532, -0.0680381227617285, -0.13684009946882725, 0.17746530872370517, 0.16334568236821465, 0.020916705319125737, -0.2725282795727253, 0.18360381620004773, 0.02946222127814378, 0.13972634502819606, 0.21431655157357454, -0.055634326700653346, 0.11250722341771636, 0.0783517485750573, -0.035654688653137, 0.22510801548404352, -0.03516565555972712, 0.012394951789506845, -0.171190901526383, -0.17579022156340735, -0.2439622969499656, 0.0031611818953284194, 0.21584872106489325, -0.07925928962816085, 0.4531999517764364, 0.23311982676386833, 0.15825351227873138, -0.08784410251038414, 0.35160345530935694, 0.13482078649602564, 0.09335749463311263, 0.004739973760609116, 0.3502660536406828, 0.13375037431251258, 0.2029131633628692, -0.06374613169048514, 0.27136446508978096, 0.1287347373020436] |
709.0596 | Bayesian Inversion of Stokes Profiles | [abridged] Inversion techniques are the most powerful methods to obtain
information about the thermodynamical and magnetic properties of solar and
stellar atmospheres. In the last years, we have witnessed the development of
highly sophisticated inversion codes that are now widely applied to
spectro-polarimetric observations. The majority of these inversion codes are
based on the optimization of a complicated non-linear merit function. However,
no reliable and statistically well-defined confidence intervals can be obtained
for the parameters inferred from the inversions. A correct estimation of the
confidence intervals for all the parameters that describe the model is
mandatory. Additionally, it is fundamental to apply efficient techniques to
assess the ability of models to reproduce the observations and to what extent
the models have to be refined or can be simplified. Bayesian techniques are
applied to analyze the performance of the model to fit a given observed Stokes
vector. The posterior distribution, is efficiently sampled using a Markov Chain
Monte Carlo method. For simplicity, we focus on the Milne-Eddington approximate
solution of the radiative transfer equation and we only take into account the
generation of polarization through the Zeeman effect. However, the method is
extremely general and other more complex forward models can be applied. We
illustrate the ability of the method with the aid of academic and realistic
examples. We show that the information provided by the posterior distribution
turns out to be fundamental to understand and determine the amount of
information available in the Stokes profiles in these particular cases.
| astro-ph | abridged inversion techniques are the most powerful methods to obtain information about the thermodynamical and magnetic properties of solar and stellar atmospheres in the last years we have witnessed the development of highly sophisticated inversion codes that are now widely applied to spectropolarimetric observations the majority of these inversion codes are based on the optimization of a complicated nonlinear merit function however no reliable and statistically welldefined confidence intervals can be obtained for the parameters inferred from the inversions a correct estimation of the confidence intervals for all the parameters that describe the model is mandatory additionally it is fundamental to apply efficient techniques to assess the ability of models to reproduce the observations and to what extent the models have to be refined or can be simplified bayesian techniques are applied to analyze the performance of the model to fit a given observed stokes vector the posterior distribution is efficiently sampled using a markov chain monte carlo method for simplicity we focus on the milneeddington approximate solution of the radiative transfer equation and we only take into account the generation of polarization through the zeeman effect however the method is extremely general and other more complex forward models can be applied we illustrate the ability of the method with the aid of academic and realistic examples we show that the information provided by the posterior distribution turns out to be fundamental to understand and determine the amount of information available in the stokes profiles in these particular cases | [['abridged', 'inversion', 'techniques', 'are', 'the', 'most', 'powerful', 'methods', 'to', 'obtain', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'thermodynamical', 'and', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'of', 'solar', 'and', 'stellar', 'atmospheres', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'years', 'we', 'have', 'witnessed', 'the', 'development', 'of', 'highly', 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709.0597 | Painlev\'e scheme | In this note, we review the notion of Painlev\'e scheme of the sixth
Painlev\'e equation from the viewpoint of accessible singular point and its
local index in the Hirzebruch surface of degree two ${\Sigma_2}$. The key
method is Painlev\'e $\alpha$-method for each accessible singular point. Giving
a Painlev\'e scheme in the differential system satisfying certain conditions,
we can recover the Painlev\'e VI system with the polynomial Hamiltonian. We
also consider the case of the Painlev\'e V,IV and III systems, respectively.
Finally, we study non-linear ordinary differential systems in dimension two
with only simple accessible singular $(n+2)$-points in the Hirzebruch surface
of degree $n$; ${\Sigma_n}$. This equation has symmetry of symmetric group of
degree $n+2$.
| math.GM | in this note we review the notion of painleve scheme of the sixth painleve equation from the viewpoint of accessible singular point and its local index in the hirzebruch surface of degree two sigma_2 the key method is painleve alphamethod for each accessible singular point giving a painleve scheme in the differential system satisfying certain conditions we can recover the painleve vi system with the polynomial hamiltonian we also consider the case of the painleve viv and iii systems respectively finally we study nonlinear ordinary differential systems in dimension two with only simple accessible singular n2points in the hirzebruch surface of degree n sigma_n this equation has symmetry of symmetric group of degree n2 | [['in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'review', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'painleve', 'scheme', 'of', 'the', 'sixth', 'painleve', 'equation', 'from', 'the', 'viewpoint', 'of', 'accessible', 'singular', 'point', 'and', 'its', 'local', 'index', 'in', 'the', 'hirzebruch', 'surface', 'of', 'degree', 'two', 'sigma_2', 'the', 'key', 'method', 'is', 'painleve', 'alphamethod', 'for', 'each', 'accessible', 'singular', 'point', 'giving', 'a', 'painleve', 'scheme', 'in', 'the', 'differential', 'system', 'satisfying', 'certain', 'conditions', 'we', 'can', 'recover', 'the', 'painleve', 'vi', 'system', 'with', 'the', 'polynomial', 'hamiltonian', 'we', 'also', 'consider', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'painleve', 'viv', 'and', 'iii', 'systems', 'respectively', 'finally', 'we', 'study', 'nonlinear', 'ordinary', 'differential', 'systems', 'in', 'dimension', 'two', 'with', 'only', 'simple', 'accessible', 'singular', 'n2points', 'in', 'the', 'hirzebruch', 'surface', 'of', 'degree', 'n', 'sigma_n', 'this', 'equation', 'has', 'symmetry', 'of', 'symmetric', 'group', 'of', 'degree', 'n2']] | [-0.21224880438561725, 0.0055963038590497675, -0.07312184059580343, 0.027229245608895027, -0.06562362459026673, -0.22912263328753477, -0.030872738689381993, 0.26427180287057317, -0.2977248808220688, -0.2044012031386054, 0.07149632838328031, -0.29814704379017376, -0.19414870331962222, 0.1590947428372054, -0.06499980355662384, 0.0622338606039499, 0.005670388459961499, 0.08703919280468758, -0.13996836342395538, -0.30080723060517517, 0.41612476881478083, -0.08356539637625085, 0.19677247639654813, 0.01284105189358898, 0.12828840434023764, -0.024177881204976444, -0.004019205553242854, -0.03257415366185978, -0.15243246094776994, 0.1125365261820895, 0.27231672370344795, 0.0939133079512358, 0.18402583667167785, -0.34989322491187963, -0.1167888402015762, 0.1398506788433884, 0.1389077767581407, 0.11869937385045058, 0.0044189210284699115, -0.295246307612438, 0.06121078807967756, -0.17031076394391875, -0.26990376576055997, -0.039175407046171944, 0.036146088008793584, 0.05804522252905356, -0.2062527289432762, 0.09229003634500581, 0.08459507168550869, 0.11322018510736195, -0.00778569839997794, -0.08661274757005472, -0.08923136979646454, 0.024027533931204374, 0.01567365726212913, -0.040519888716774574, 0.01831236867073396, -0.12545371276070982, -0.05337714504417593, 0.3962592209042338, -0.0637854654676759, -0.20970848434505804, 0.13170017180057753, -0.17589679976463712, -0.1764938316258511, 0.14472928831139498, 0.15780343850085563, 0.18294953596901842, -0.11022616945932397, 0.16600505103031585, -0.048777341638666996, 0.14113704241715389, 0.07976594118121187, -0.004583150684108249, 0.1136887784124212, 0.09770303766811843, 0.07608893174426712, 0.10094601850528105, -0.04162307012727303, -0.08818165722212433, -0.3901552432010659, -0.23121504853191102, -0.1352356730391626, 0.08299980691811316, -0.1219862100781061, -0.12407305877886515, 0.43655773558656724, 0.11259051481162947, 0.1489328585914851, 0.05622305645632137, 0.18724152917635783, 0.2017333726192602, -0.027466380074455413, 0.0024307798388191557, 0.1781194802884639, 0.15688094605106565, 0.10594651527059949, -0.24418980848926028, -0.011506005750754765, 0.21659801289051836] |
709.0598 | Asymptotic expansion and central limit theorem for quadratic variations
of Gaussian processes | Cohen, Guyon, Perrin and Pontier have given assumptions under which the
second-order quadratic variations of a Gaussian process converge almost surely
to a deterministic limit. In this paper we present two new convergence results
about these variations: the first is a deterministic asymptotic expansion; the
second is a central limit theorem. Next we apply these results to identify
two-parameter fractional Brownian motion and anisotropic fractional Brownian
motion.
| math.PR | cohen guyon perrin and pontier have given assumptions under which the secondorder quadratic variations of a gaussian process converge almost surely to a deterministic limit in this paper we present two new convergence results about these variations the first is a deterministic asymptotic expansion the second is a central limit theorem next we apply these results to identify twoparameter fractional brownian motion and anisotropic fractional brownian motion | [['cohen', 'guyon', 'perrin', 'and', 'pontier', 'have', 'given', 'assumptions', 'under', 'which', 'the', 'secondorder', 'quadratic', 'variations', 'of', 'a', 'gaussian', 'process', 'converge', 'almost', 'surely', 'to', 'a', 'deterministic', 'limit', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'two', 'new', 'convergence', 'results', 'about', 'these', 'variations', 'the', 'first', 'is', 'a', 'deterministic', 'asymptotic', 'expansion', 'the', 'second', 'is', 'a', 'central', 'limit', 'theorem', 'next', 'we', 'apply', 'these', 'results', 'to', 'identify', 'twoparameter', 'fractional', 'brownian', 'motion', 'and', 'anisotropic', 'fractional', 'brownian', 'motion']] | [-0.09296146292013652, 0.09757092771487254, -0.14370949171610514, 0.05714971402754931, -0.09036294128181356, -0.09516708988865669, 0.047503473235393, 0.3508481488168014, -0.3001088811592622, -0.21729203571113898, 0.1293079081665245, -0.24530500208846096, -0.19173312592531808, 0.1710943113165823, -0.13819765952895535, 0.0940519075727824, 0.05143065876891893, -0.007740333097789324, -0.038484245016606466, -0.26446054839162214, 0.2635049518818657, -0.01462490918735663, 0.2009941658682444, -0.03001367518498393, 0.1339583491243309, -0.02045276791393531, -0.05105227261612361, 0.0028889667089308864, -0.21657067665717367, 0.13344309540380808, 0.1623038608778381, -0.018797585698352617, 0.32222910530187865, -0.3491479214492508, -0.15419750132908425, 0.14866329060698097, 0.1247993286868388, 0.09885600962584387, -0.0020598422623041906, -0.2927347472445531, 0.09076818280013729, -0.13095669074435579, -0.18322423101529817, -0.10153442155569792, 0.042070124256001276, 0.07821394221603194, -0.3030774662779136, 0.1281497339139495, 0.1974952153466416, -7.812441750006242e-06, -0.0421951764728874, -0.08665531487063025, 0.07306497901057203, 0.09159578916362741, 0.04903918302178764, -0.009406716118312695, 0.11469250048905837, -0.0635259391168471, -0.17778322528906618, 0.34209701224145567, -0.14488393628518237, -0.23866834672111453, 0.1529108225226854, -0.17808998497485212, -0.21118045385193193, 0.12358956538479436, 0.14684893782109473, 0.1384129621596499, -0.21720459806789277, 0.11071934766016167, -0.07330544526110205, 0.11111983090857834, 0.14511946753852747, 0.006647284114451119, 0.11737281910962227, 0.1398564302503611, 0.13074563075012216, 0.15129848178052765, -0.08043863059896411, -0.17213284249671482, -0.3631087728126934, -0.14972060999240389, -0.1702706078349641, 0.10760095124450428, -0.13242257190259724, -0.1920051405657873, 0.346640961611587, 0.17860820416050652, 0.15327786846142827, 0.14959745065513716, 0.23896593191294055, 0.20341426973710908, -0.07464336767566926, 0.10053224704990332, 0.19946191301851562, 0.17018006919798526, 0.12279193600018819, -0.16348613797604092, 0.03132525439176596, 0.10850317359224639] |
709.0599 | On Universal Properties of Capacity-Approaching LDPC Ensembles | This paper is focused on the derivation of some universal properties of
capacity-approaching low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensembles whose
transmission takes place over memoryless binary-input output-symmetric (MBIOS)
channels. Properties of the degree distributions, graphical complexity and the
number of fundamental cycles in the bipartite graphs are considered via the
derivation of information-theoretic bounds. These bounds are expressed in terms
of the target block/ bit error probability and the gap (in rate) to capacity.
Most of the bounds are general for any decoding algorithm, and some others are
proved under belief propagation (BP) decoding. Proving these bounds under a
certain decoding algorithm, validates them automatically also under any
sub-optimal decoding algorithm. A proper modification of these bounds makes
them universal for the set of all MBIOS channels which exhibit a given
capacity. Bounds on the degree distributions and graphical complexity apply to
finite-length LDPC codes and to the asymptotic case of an infinite block
length. The bounds are compared with capacity-approaching LDPC code ensembles
under BP decoding, and they are shown to be informative and are easy to
calculate. Finally, some interesting open problems are considered.
| cs.IT math.IT | this paper is focused on the derivation of some universal properties of capacityapproaching lowdensity paritycheck ldpc code ensembles whose transmission takes place over memoryless binaryinput outputsymmetric mbios channels properties of the degree distributions graphical complexity and the number of fundamental cycles in the bipartite graphs are considered via the derivation of informationtheoretic bounds these bounds are expressed in terms of the target block bit error probability and the gap in rate to capacity most of the bounds are general for any decoding algorithm and some others are proved under belief propagation bp decoding proving these bounds under a certain decoding algorithm validates them automatically also under any suboptimal decoding algorithm a proper modification of these bounds makes them universal for the set of all mbios channels which exhibit a given capacity bounds on the degree distributions and graphical complexity apply to finitelength ldpc codes and to the asymptotic case of an infinite block length the bounds are compared with capacityapproaching ldpc code ensembles under bp decoding and they are shown to be informative and are easy to calculate finally some interesting open problems are considered | [['this', 'paper', 'is', 'focused', 'on', 'the', 'derivation', 'of', 'some', 'universal', 'properties', 'of', 'capacityapproaching', 'lowdensity', 'paritycheck', 'ldpc', 'code', 'ensembles', 'whose', 'transmission', 'takes', 'place', 'over', 'memoryless', 'binaryinput', 'outputsymmetric', 'mbios', 'channels', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'degree', 'distributions', 'graphical', 'complexity', 'and', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'fundamental', 'cycles', 'in', 'the', 'bipartite', 'graphs', 'are', 'considered', 'via', 'the', 'derivation', 'of', 'informationtheoretic', 'bounds', 'these', 'bounds', 'are', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'target', 'block', 'bit', 'error', 'probability', 'and', 'the', 'gap', 'in', 'rate', 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709.06 | Morita Type Equivalences and Reflexive Algebras | Two unital operator algebras A, B are called Delta-equivalent if there exists
an equivalence functor between the categories A-mod and B-mod which "extends"
to a *-functor implementing an equivalence between the categories A-dmod and
B-dmod. Here A-mod denotes the category of normal representations of A and
A-dmod denotes the category with the same objects as A-mod and D(A)-module maps
(D(A) is the diagonal of A). We prove that any such functor maps completely
isometric representations to completely isometric representations, "respects"
the lattices of the algebras and maps reflexive algebras to reflexive algebras.
We present applications to the class of CSL algebras.
| math.OA math.FA | two unital operator algebras a b are called deltaequivalent if there exists an equivalence functor between the categories amod and bmod which extends to a functor implementing an equivalence between the categories admod and bdmod here amod denotes the category of normal representations of a and admod denotes the category with the same objects as amod and damodule maps da is the diagonal of a we prove that any such functor maps completely isometric representations to completely isometric representations respects the lattices of the algebras and maps reflexive algebras to reflexive algebras we present applications to the class of csl algebras | [['two', 'unital', 'operator', 'algebras', 'a', 'b', 'are', 'called', 'deltaequivalent', 'if', 'there', 'exists', 'an', 'equivalence', 'functor', 'between', 'the', 'categories', 'amod', 'and', 'bmod', 'which', 'extends', 'to', 'a', 'functor', 'implementing', 'an', 'equivalence', 'between', 'the', 'categories', 'admod', 'and', 'bdmod', 'here', 'amod', 'denotes', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'normal', 'representations', 'of', 'a', 'and', 'admod', 'denotes', 'the', 'category', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'objects', 'as', 'amod', 'and', 'damodule', 'maps', 'da', 'is', 'the', 'diagonal', 'of', 'a', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'any', 'such', 'functor', 'maps', 'completely', 'isometric', 'representations', 'to', 'completely', 'isometric', 'representations', 'respects', 'the', 'lattices', 'of', 'the', 'algebras', 'and', 'maps', 'reflexive', 'algebras', 'to', 'reflexive', 'algebras', 'we', 'present', 'applications', 'to', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'csl', 'algebras']] | [-0.15480945748036978, 0.07858483907412593, -0.05086142898143567, 0.05881857899492895, -0.08813359293625835, -0.1620569887388613, -0.04509719668829948, 0.3955069157803796, -0.45399656682515266, -0.14274617095391468, 0.09301351021120767, -0.28706892464278727, -0.14934828028217265, 0.12963016131489546, -0.20891925651272855, -0.11126973630726031, 0.05790328011204748, 0.11312815498983123, -0.13770065227878692, -0.20007004114419952, 0.4831229112658304, -0.0779893309881277, 0.23898866067438856, 0.017774662185345114, 0.1977266270244859, -0.00020637072757193723, 0.028462324488293573, -0.01712491006119964, -0.1451027005549776, 0.1277045692538017, 0.33527906273597297, 0.11425217913617332, 0.2118274891009727, -0.3081081804060905, -0.025884844794792614, 0.2728866529122917, 0.10109430441594462, -0.013707679807995782, -0.01208561794477102, -0.31879526289352744, 0.07695580752009583, -0.23662341349594987, -0.019489205643995523, -0.08131773844745356, 0.1359568776601215, -0.0351642203402043, -0.316273523340981, -0.06048000245787127, 0.16765013348656832, 0.1428217796474388, -0.16923058490129667, -0.041773761296164745, -0.11641660423891753, 0.16066220897182668, -0.10080120636428677, 0.033256283533980247, 0.11721985461280354, -0.10911589032567116, -0.175810127807109, 0.38598087881259696, -0.02318330518133247, -0.2197181576786121, 0.18113899211754503, -0.13113964109959983, -0.15066104722641332, 0.05193368828202569, -0.00037791086456824823, 0.1316104978515008, -0.035852929714049415, 0.20681662743457488, -0.16930050293425308, 0.08522664162344731, 0.06264759163785073, 0.026493506453278446, 0.11689005759496664, 0.09473335843763708, 0.06176851384495337, 0.14422927161237015, 0.05209531075292334, 0.013928736166394864, -0.35443833660449564, -0.18023828872162656, -0.03470926921209801, 0.10096161851428986, -0.07479341831775359, -0.17940907756385116, 0.37329157260390594, 0.13014947910452282, 0.20592669599219082, 0.18051750731496044, 0.22700660329518513, 0.029984612836115143, 0.13313217383638964, 0.06114337661726035, 0.1274043344220473, 0.27481319564250634, -0.032876360066926354, -0.057262621887181835, -0.06663649237820322, 0.24068286830136917] |
709.0601 | Pulse-Bandwidth Dependence of Coherent Phase Control of
Resonance-Mediated (2+1) Three-Photon Absorption | We study in detail coherent phase control of femtosecond resonance-mediated
(2+1) three-photon absorption and its dependence on the spectral bandwidth of
the excitation pulse. The regime is the weak-field regime of third perturbative
order. The corresponding interference mechanism involves a group of
three-photon excitation pathways that are on resonance with the intermediate
state and a group of three-photon excitation pathways that are near resonant
with it. The model system of the study is atomic sodium (Na), for which
experimental and numerical-theoretical results are obtained. Prominent among
the results is our finding that with simple proper pulse shaping an increase in
the excitation bandwidth leads to a corresponding increase in the enhancement
of the three-photon absorption over the absorption induced by the (unshaped)
transform-limited pulse. For example, here, a 40-nm bandwidth leads to an
order-of-magnitude enhancement over the transform-limited absorption.
| physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph | we study in detail coherent phase control of femtosecond resonancemediated 21 threephoton absorption and its dependence on the spectral bandwidth of the excitation pulse the regime is the weakfield regime of third perturbative order the corresponding interference mechanism involves a group of threephoton excitation pathways that are on resonance with the intermediate state and a group of threephoton excitation pathways that are near resonant with it the model system of the study is atomic sodium na for which experimental and numericaltheoretical results are obtained prominent among the results is our finding that with simple proper pulse shaping an increase in the excitation bandwidth leads to a corresponding increase in the enhancement of the threephoton absorption over the absorption induced by the unshaped transformlimited pulse for example here a 40nm bandwidth leads to an orderofmagnitude enhancement over the transformlimited absorption | [['we', 'study', 'in', 'detail', 'coherent', 'phase', 'control', 'of', 'femtosecond', 'resonancemediated', '21', 'threephoton', 'absorption', 'and', 'its', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'spectral', 'bandwidth', 'of', 'the', 'excitation', 'pulse', 'the', 'regime', 'is', 'the', 'weakfield', 'regime', 'of', 'third', 'perturbative', 'order', 'the', 'corresponding', 'interference', 'mechanism', 'involves', 'a', 'group', 'of', 'threephoton', 'excitation', 'pathways', 'that', 'are', 'on', 'resonance', 'with', 'the', 'intermediate', 'state', 'and', 'a', 'group', 'of', 'threephoton', 'excitation', 'pathways', 'that', 'are', 'near', 'resonant', 'with', 'it', 'the', 'model', 'system', 'of', 'the', 'study', 'is', 'atomic', 'sodium', 'na', 'for', 'which', 'experimental', 'and', 'numericaltheoretical', 'results', 'are', 'obtained', 'prominent', 'among', 'the', 'results', 'is', 'our', 'finding', 'that', 'with', 'simple', 'proper', 'pulse', 'shaping', 'an', 'increase', 'in', 'the', 'excitation', 'bandwidth', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'corresponding', 'increase', 'in', 'the', 'enhancement', 'of', 'the', 'threephoton', 'absorption', 'over', 'the', 'absorption', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'unshaped', 'transformlimited', 'pulse', 'for', 'example', 'here', 'a', '40nm', 'bandwidth', 'leads', 'to', 'an', 'orderofmagnitude', 'enhancement', 'over', 'the', 'transformlimited', 'absorption']] | [-0.13619579041066268, 0.14472731412072037, -0.03513758565447685, -0.008269296723681138, -0.0017380393582625666, -0.11105760032702508, 0.06892406633562422, 0.47274546631598385, -0.22146189617721931, -0.28907849334612273, 0.018804474079988195, -0.27682630362265837, -0.101240939065895, 0.22101419527535798, 0.02342723637306388, 0.00828827525939509, 0.03911665811851297, -0.005404529230082003, -0.004071086518587949, -0.15726678053834947, 0.30078891350590775, 0.09682762397426194, 0.29577937859036296, 0.07642892120487016, 0.07682854163568413, 0.008633131392475596, 0.03257989541937908, -0.08627380359836895, -0.08379855319309053, 0.11382322292774916, 0.25772816357810213, 0.02699922212143091, 0.22618334242345198, -0.3520660014026731, -0.22141765880708894, 0.054040240926964994, 0.1520844867313365, 0.17047685192665085, -0.053749374947443175, -0.26475405400834867, 0.032877515967719366, -0.15181649233336034, -0.1056054192114338, -0.038608564370973174, 0.0050409484580429135, 0.02545656610712193, -0.29952958513699146, 0.07747660002981623, 0.04996132149286838, 0.04444168667997355, -0.04977435024836492, -0.042009641040973635, -0.02787876556681442, 0.05351908301151749, -0.021790026153093608, -0.005922306182227381, 0.16224851912103486, -0.14268718848504341, -0.14022887172177434, 0.3541481371916682, -0.11794204217216432, -0.04199319565162549, 0.13527529922894377, -0.17787665168187863, -0.037855300925793534, 0.2706696161919314, 0.11952493234328332, 0.11216545125901484, -0.07941461250658799, 0.008882894550628987, -0.019688659425203998, 0.2343706632019493, 0.11797331057259462, 0.14679200532576203, 0.13377849583681065, 0.17080192683952983, 0.0358055631387169, 0.15547470174108943, -0.14143238752149045, -0.06685675855091625, -0.29849231928128045, -0.10859128304055311, -0.12079377048581406, 0.02972904889021015, -0.061881983716507355, -0.11794784612467756, 0.45208591069567244, 0.10754794577297762, 0.18194055277179333, -0.01463616832304557, 0.3045145725102528, 0.214973935888628, 0.034005639295134206, -0.0055136327679012566, 0.29973021089571755, 0.1597721135096989, 0.06243377453748784, -0.34012219062213367, 0.037698607895172376, -0.04099148447773811] |
709.0602 | Arbitrary precision composite pulses for NMR quantum computing | We discuss the implementation of arbitrary precision composite pulses
developed using the methods of Brown et al. [Phys. Rev. A 70 (2004) 052318]. We
give explicit results for pulse sequences designed to tackle both the simple
case of pulse length errors and for the more complex case of off-resonance
errors. The results are developed in the context of NMR quantum computation,
but could be applied more widely.
| quant-ph | we discuss the implementation of arbitrary precision composite pulses developed using the methods of brown et al phys rev a 70 2004 052318 we give explicit results for pulse sequences designed to tackle both the simple case of pulse length errors and for the more complex case of offresonance errors the results are developed in the context of nmr quantum computation but could be applied more widely | [['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'implementation', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'precision', 'composite', 'pulses', 'developed', 'using', 'the', 'methods', 'of', 'brown', 'et', 'al', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', '70', '2004', '052318', 'we', 'give', 'explicit', 'results', 'for', 'pulse', 'sequences', 'designed', 'to', 'tackle', 'both', 'the', 'simple', 'case', 'of', 'pulse', 'length', 'errors', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'more', 'complex', 'case', 'of', 'offresonance', 'errors', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'developed', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'nmr', 'quantum', 'computation', 'but', 'could', 'be', 'applied', 'more', 'widely']] | [-0.07410556760116188, 0.09527257615839367, -0.04352578233037867, 0.05295545335358648, -0.06390289919200673, -0.14482286452913462, 0.036842809722466924, 0.40977374551845575, -0.14804854537290868, -0.3373903824266658, 0.04242793997965141, -0.18746783172906334, -0.1584277880767277, 0.3119662367919488, -0.13471308614626012, 0.08715737385869916, 0.06631247613599885, -0.05187029833557891, -0.07613598694329832, -0.3122556200320485, 0.19059450205749096, 0.09621925808232167, 0.25391662598990683, 0.02326458906615848, 0.051785643170796224, 0.05334002665007737, -0.043243131440466466, -0.017419414817174867, -0.1761735044767274, 0.10946916452428299, 0.2609991101902534, 0.08960850381139498, 0.2344785625976858, -0.42660606824862424, -0.22893552008126652, 0.09753437812002237, 0.09241376897305383, 0.19197205519442684, -0.03106136184486338, -0.32283612662481503, 0.08478230434303075, -0.1912608257592169, -0.11508168512260292, -0.1271647156508111, 0.07375104730921005, 0.026582544043993774, -0.30081857321088884, 0.09551228828895003, 0.07080636789966653, 0.07614998752946284, 0.01565172016245327, -0.11962563152522293, 0.09449004922618172, 0.06095781745806114, -0.05163423722582077, 0.02723784532759394, 0.11647333923393666, -0.04211432162894687, -0.15625044052947812, 0.34958071750936226, -0.04266650933049508, -0.15621385535697885, 0.18127989764811833, -0.07473166776237203, -0.10473057387897106, 0.10296535833891649, 0.15853946153491513, 0.1649235584564618, -0.14144035170216168, 0.08696916839716011, -0.0007704335695772028, 0.19543869351384355, 0.12040005991958193, 0.030233649057405654, 0.12497638253522898, 0.11175894072329723, -0.0204401302504103, 0.137989428622384, -0.13622687548510173, -0.09118888661727559, -0.24579469677505653, -0.13719039866283758, -0.15660227457610473, 0.020020456776134114, 0.013946675938952005, -0.1137963377943596, 0.42213642619439024, 0.17300141694496818, 0.16517079115581157, 0.03363502420373817, 0.2575837372760497, 0.10838440167648133, -0.008571034886373846, 0.11041753544513859, 0.21552156030770336, 0.19495710871814848, 0.1053480725568622, -0.20695915795973877, 0.008757762096599857, 0.023990963808080152] |
709.0603 | What is interesting in eta and eta' Meson Decays? | An introduction to the physics of eta and eta' meson decays is given. A
historical account of the discovery of the mesons is presented. It is followed
by an overview and classification of the common decay modes and the relevance
of the mesons for modern hadron and particle physics. In more detail the
hadronic decay modes are discussed and in particular some interesting features
of the eta-> 3pi0 decay are presented. The last section briefly reviews and
compares reactions used to produce the eta and eta' mesons for the studies of
their decays.
| nucl-ex | an introduction to the physics of eta and eta meson decays is given a historical account of the discovery of the mesons is presented it is followed by an overview and classification of the common decay modes and the relevance of the mesons for modern hadron and particle physics in more detail the hadronic decay modes are discussed and in particular some interesting features of the eta 3pi0 decay are presented the last section briefly reviews and compares reactions used to produce the eta and eta mesons for the studies of their decays | [['an', 'introduction', 'to', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'eta', 'and', 'eta', 'meson', 'decays', 'is', 'given', 'a', 'historical', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'the', 'mesons', 'is', 'presented', 'it', 'is', 'followed', 'by', 'an', 'overview', 'and', 'classification', 'of', 'the', 'common', 'decay', 'modes', 'and', 'the', 'relevance', 'of', 'the', 'mesons', 'for', 'modern', 'hadron', 'and', 'particle', 'physics', 'in', 'more', 'detail', 'the', 'hadronic', 'decay', 'modes', 'are', 'discussed', 'and', 'in', 'particular', 'some', 'interesting', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'eta', '3pi0', 'decay', 'are', 'presented', 'the', 'last', 'section', 'briefly', 'reviews', 'and', 'compares', 'reactions', 'used', 'to', 'produce', 'the', 'eta', 'and', 'eta', 'mesons', 'for', 'the', 'studies', 'of', 'their', 'decays']] | [-0.05781599457040229, 0.22880591876004944, -0.10539399421904036, 0.13863015565295173, -0.04235662516927527, -0.12105713280478633, -0.0030814648070122286, 0.27835232466058707, -0.21733251510448354, -0.18794106822260606, 0.030669896658109402, -0.3563265961604894, -0.057851755430781714, 0.1873185272461244, 0.04713101771169452, 0.08869744010109415, 0.09851241778702505, 0.08274978725740345, -0.035279333045686125, -0.2206316274260321, 0.30754178470020654, 0.07904386364163891, 0.18230209271273307, 0.13451034334358028, -0.007598094894082576, 0.01924623861928941, -0.12091184126072994, -0.06833797867500013, -0.16721334880448238, 0.0989585067896593, 0.23475214310230746, 0.15084299203058485, 0.17251474899490193, -0.35841424933444427, -0.1102543344260544, 0.10420371635105982, 0.17875631694351474, 0.05582622117212703, -0.0695155247157472, -0.3258566634469135, 0.0915233754810767, -0.16332688830512507, -0.09731353783819785, -0.10980722009735082, 0.08784025717246276, -0.0022993023477254374, -0.2759938911004092, 0.04796744167043637, -0.003706322997928627, 0.05728545718856396, -0.03799294499381225, -0.23457116773852738, 0.05869430812796758, 0.07352355025428277, 0.20040881664051563, 0.051578435851561445, 0.15223610299258863, -0.19678149472982173, -0.15010277413442652, 0.42278383891548843, -0.0034589775617644993, -0.1675876995688805, 0.19139454874800899, -0.1376475808661311, -0.12262411983132923, 0.1459306073725544, 0.2141565852648308, 0.06867639515899442, -0.17189886959229586, 0.07817557366547345, 0.015574042535116595, 0.1370780806367596, 0.045109972137437074, 0.09631970109197721, 0.1767358344739243, 0.2509924542654546, -0.10773257388963654, 0.08654263917536985, -0.09209976487252261, -0.07149215923842564, -0.4113658155885435, -0.1945536539699602, -0.0846524790520229, 0.025717425436752858, -0.008881649817496548, -0.07186567848448151, 0.4370347731296093, 0.03052380975456007, 0.2728026578733597, -0.039585117831505756, 0.2915340128244572, 0.1006599980536648, 0.0035385734205114184, 0.06953105453141434, 0.3214102883235506, 0.2306063083496185, 0.1765872069223914, -0.24522925734079332, 0.03066205654433498, 0.01949730379536988] |
709.0604 | A MERLIN Study of 6 GHz Excited-state OH & 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers in
ON1 | MERLIN observations of 6.668-GHz methanol and both 6.031- and 6.035-GHz
hydroxyl (OH) emission from the massive star-formation region ON1 are
presented. These are the first methanol observations made in full polarization
using 5 antennas of MERLIN, giving high resolution and sensitivity to extended
emission. Maser features are found to lie at the southern edge of the
ultra-compact HII region, following the known distribution of ground-state OH
masers. The masers cover a region ~1 arcsec in extent, lying perpendicular to
the H13CO+ bipolar outflow. Excited-state OH emission demonstrates consistent
polarization angles across the strongest linearly polarized features which are
parallel to the overall distribution. The linear polarizations vary between
10.0 and 18.5 per cent, with an average polarization angle of -60 deg +/- 28
deg. The strongest 6.668-GHz methanol features provide an upper limit to linear
polarization of ~1 per cent. Zeeman splitting of OH shows magnetic fields
between -1.1 to -5.8 mG, and a tentative methanol magnetic field strength of
-18 mG is measured.
| astro-ph | merlin observations of 6668ghz methanol and both 6031 and 6035ghz hydroxyl oh emission from the massive starformation region on1 are presented these are the first methanol observations made in full polarization using 5 antennas of merlin giving high resolution and sensitivity to extended emission maser features are found to lie at the southern edge of the ultracompact hii region following the known distribution of groundstate oh masers the masers cover a region 1 arcsec in extent lying perpendicular to the h13co bipolar outflow excitedstate oh emission demonstrates consistent polarization angles across the strongest linearly polarized features which are parallel to the overall distribution the linear polarizations vary between 100 and 185 per cent with an average polarization angle of 60 deg 28 deg the strongest 6668ghz methanol features provide an upper limit to linear polarization of 1 per cent zeeman splitting of oh shows magnetic fields between 11 to 58 mg and a tentative methanol magnetic field strength of 18 mg is measured | [['merlin', 'observations', 'of', '6668ghz', 'methanol', 'and', 'both', '6031', 'and', '6035ghz', 'hydroxyl', 'oh', 'emission', 'from', 'the', 'massive', 'starformation', 'region', 'on1', 'are', 'presented', 'these', 'are', 'the', 'first', 'methanol', 'observations', 'made', 'in', 'full', 'polarization', 'using', '5', 'antennas', 'of', 'merlin', 'giving', 'high', 'resolution', 'and', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'extended', 'emission', 'maser', 'features', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'lie', 'at', 'the', 'southern', 'edge', 'of', 'the', 'ultracompact', 'hii', 'region', 'following', 'the', 'known', 'distribution', 'of', 'groundstate', 'oh', 'masers', 'the', 'masers', 'cover', 'a', 'region', '1', 'arcsec', 'in', 'extent', 'lying', 'perpendicular', 'to', 'the', 'h13co', 'bipolar', 'outflow', 'excitedstate', 'oh', 'emission', 'demonstrates', 'consistent', 'polarization', 'angles', 'across', 'the', 'strongest', 'linearly', 'polarized', 'features', 'which', 'are', 'parallel', 'to', 'the', 'overall', 'distribution', 'the', 'linear', 'polarizations', 'vary', 'between', '100', 'and', '185', 'per', 'cent', 'with', 'an', 'average', 'polarization', 'angle', 'of', '60', 'deg', '28', 'deg', 'the', 'strongest', '6668ghz', 'methanol', 'features', 'provide', 'an', 'upper', 'limit', 'to', 'linear', 'polarization', 'of', '1', 'per', 'cent', 'zeeman', 'splitting', 'of', 'oh', 'shows', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'between', '11', 'to', '58', 'mg', 'and', 'a', 'tentative', 'methanol', 'magnetic', 'field', 'strength', 'of', '18', 'mg', 'is', 'measured']] | [-0.11823421284310702, 0.08039949589392507, 0.08199533008244689, 0.012891454782845464, -0.06509067692102556, -0.11128412403074876, 0.0629448765500283, 0.48428082528404115, -0.17839015430079463, -0.3567464523320229, -0.0006486077270144883, -0.2584043135695114, 0.02870964401750111, 0.13627011166097014, 0.05652698814426835, -0.08989974529556702, -0.00684968656374633, -0.11444093901331913, -0.03770143407835494, -0.20006845353322641, 0.17982471774280803, 0.11414687141513258, 0.2118376490454321, 0.032717083940750985, 0.07349608604584826, -0.18243165403580225, -0.05510553078543098, -0.045334441067388084, -0.11387931921396496, 0.1005855640596453, 0.2919297850250832, 0.07220573973430583, 0.16310085356235504, -0.3091830922407812, -0.15666022357399478, 0.00796815818904162, 0.12773513864794392, 0.07174819581027776, 0.03202586759744566, -0.317275192240036, 0.03380744093800524, -0.12383617917925656, -0.19698769183246637, 0.1085016615403119, 0.08182135971471599, 0.06027220011305955, -0.23123909271339332, 0.1415346772152862, -0.019338547970608244, 0.1726772282599326, -0.10041080314688887, -0.20458648303535087, -0.11469804592133483, 0.03370326403685577, -0.032492991918240864, 0.13486726564909418, 0.20859138982119096, -0.09382770926423051, -0.093743907309143, 0.3550740731908637, -0.11528609684283525, -0.03322690650906437, 0.19670481269356388, -0.3030738576652448, -0.20033272338654, 0.3041731998941467, 0.10941155398395941, 0.13435352746785784, -0.09221127927246178, -0.03130528113577641, -0.015112861993785467, 0.24718691157234227, 0.11428243589753205, 0.09414442667474776, 0.28317969994036696, 0.01071067639995092, 0.10043906725577416, 0.16211834620395846, -0.3259612930298674, -0.06462619710782189, -0.27926682315886797, -0.11480473464660552, -0.0913054603137693, 0.09768489772808149, -0.12851336653773926, -0.03536547829277036, 0.35354228787969777, 0.05626414636252848, 0.18224430259637123, 0.012041177756854395, 0.2517465310759751, 0.03623203753902251, 0.07696035529766804, 0.13144683030553939, 0.34582006828459494, 0.24719316012403167, 0.1011661010082994, -0.23539152518171885, 0.056708745821236285, -0.06781994670978034] |
709.0605 | AC-induced superfluidity | We argue that a system of ultracold bosonic atoms in a tilted optical lattice
can become superfluid in response to resonant AC forcing. Among others, this
allows one to prepare a Bose-Einstein condensate in a state associated with a
negative effective mass. Our reasoning is backed by both exact numerical
simulations for systems consisting of few particles, and by a theoretical
approach based on Floquet-Fock states.
| cond-mat.other | we argue that a system of ultracold bosonic atoms in a tilted optical lattice can become superfluid in response to resonant ac forcing among others this allows one to prepare a boseeinstein condensate in a state associated with a negative effective mass our reasoning is backed by both exact numerical simulations for systems consisting of few particles and by a theoretical approach based on floquetfock states | [['we', 'argue', 'that', 'a', 'system', 'of', 'ultracold', 'bosonic', 'atoms', 'in', 'a', 'tilted', 'optical', 'lattice', 'can', 'become', 'superfluid', 'in', 'response', 'to', 'resonant', 'ac', 'forcing', 'among', 'others', 'this', 'allows', 'one', 'to', 'prepare', 'a', 'boseeinstein', 'condensate', 'in', 'a', 'state', 'associated', 'with', 'a', 'negative', 'effective', 'mass', 'our', 'reasoning', 'is', 'backed', 'by', 'both', 'exact', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'for', 'systems', 'consisting', 'of', 'few', 'particles', 'and', 'by', 'a', 'theoretical', 'approach', 'based', 'on', 'floquetfock', 'states']] | [-0.1681075463214746, 0.20861138622634687, -0.08565214403833334, 0.010375143866986037, -0.026437699909393604, -0.17517428866659218, 0.09627149150921749, 0.36553619217414124, -0.18620369751006366, -0.25595734999156916, 0.025885755212332766, -0.3106393187989642, -0.09739128827618865, 0.2067650814827245, 0.010537318656077752, 0.08444708857971889, 0.05414696875959635, 0.017672335610796626, -0.03757464189010744, -0.21733166052458378, 0.32122411386181526, 0.005274517755382336, 0.25247270447703507, 0.031418367059758076, 0.09291679779640757, 0.00014099399380099314, 0.0666826993943407, 0.03704253509640694, -0.08771743632488115, 0.14037780577872092, 0.23402353645517276, -0.008387112395408063, 0.28144662812925303, -0.4599923174828291, -0.22671134745558866, 0.04412379743388066, 0.17815413437067315, 0.2026210020367916, -0.07891191522984838, -0.285914000395972, -0.01083453897959911, -0.23010451088014702, -0.16413147442329387, -0.15680790673941375, 0.035190594117515364, 0.014584551178492033, -0.2949737645363292, 0.06180340710696048, 0.028241013696130652, 0.07284652481858547, -0.09002498086774721, -0.05893143487628549, 0.017354473754620323, 0.010080944884640093, -0.04023793613036664, 0.002834817423270299, 0.12729001010839755, -0.14592549367807806, -0.12304739591020804, 0.39151780773849726, -0.11643434272577556, -0.19546954274320832, 0.22753460604088524, -0.11222883563202161, -0.05923026698426558, 0.134296868999417, 0.15557124455674337, 0.08158521223813295, -0.13879186228777354, 0.012329671402067807, -0.09133672545162531, 0.20203579222031223, 0.03509147634299902, 0.018630519330214996, 0.31770377257982124, 0.19534428699945028, 0.01261655268832468, 0.1801865271650828, -0.03087335585240418, -0.13809509589695013, -0.22797065978296674, -0.1281390403666032, -0.20004239383225259, 0.05224333050517509, 0.010087342001721622, -0.1653256146595455, 0.3717696737784606, 0.17611778563318345, 0.2071587601246742, -0.010510393469415319, 0.313259156084118, 0.09163339585244942, 0.03467389365228323, 0.03711134363682224, 0.2511867872797526, 0.15847577393198242, 0.07470628968081795, -0.2630895118945493, -0.03445663530236254, 0.02820467584264966] |
709.0606 | Force induced stretched state: Effects of temperature | A model of self avoiding walks with suitable constraint has been developed to
study the effect of temperature on a single stranded DNA (ssDNA) in the
constant force ensemble. Our exact calculations for small chains show that the
extension (reaction co-ordinate) may increase or decrease with the temperature
depending upon the applied force. The simple model developed here which
incorporates semi-microscopic details of base direction provide an explanation
of the force induced transitions in ssDNA as observed in experiments.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft | a model of self avoiding walks with suitable constraint has been developed to study the effect of temperature on a single stranded dna ssdna in the constant force ensemble our exact calculations for small chains show that the extension reaction coordinate may increase or decrease with the temperature depending upon the applied force the simple model developed here which incorporates semimicroscopic details of base direction provide an explanation of the force induced transitions in ssdna as observed in experiments | [['a', 'model', 'of', 'self', 'avoiding', 'walks', 'with', 'suitable', 'constraint', 'has', 'been', 'developed', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'temperature', 'on', 'a', 'single', 'stranded', 'dna', 'ssdna', 'in', 'the', 'constant', 'force', 'ensemble', 'our', 'exact', 'calculations', 'for', 'small', 'chains', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'extension', 'reaction', 'coordinate', 'may', 'increase', 'or', 'decrease', 'with', 'the', 'temperature', 'depending', 'upon', 'the', 'applied', 'force', 'the', 'simple', 'model', 'developed', 'here', 'which', 'incorporates', 'semimicroscopic', 'details', 'of', 'base', 'direction', 'provide', 'an', 'explanation', 'of', 'the', 'force', 'induced', 'transitions', 'in', 'ssdna', 'as', 'observed', 'in', 'experiments']] | [-0.12999508316522534, 0.15593986504853413, -0.08447556908845112, -0.006886616101653515, -0.061263928673218324, -0.16392128840545664, 0.06400342836174407, 0.37201625188883347, -0.24987477671850142, -0.298592526394921, 0.009504734763958127, -0.2431399000785019, -0.14518550320976426, 0.16893319187898048, 0.02029139622515421, 0.0060826607057353176, 0.054139868096931824, 0.07115303706473529, -0.012651916743621608, -0.17809289678359475, 0.2326286607716657, 0.14361015927706716, 0.3131047274410442, 0.11194918528670751, 0.10358427594050387, 0.025840162222945613, 0.017628661943363804, 0.04977713000836865, -0.17755333177166582, 0.0699208429808245, 0.17252146519272576, 0.024118478949287835, 0.21216364233176918, -0.49749487986245866, -0.26311447334629073, 0.0963978378479428, 0.14256450586032735, 0.18494289762582158, -0.09129242125981121, -0.225933074715394, 0.014081942200472083, -0.16800512575037493, -0.14133109508341626, -0.08865982132574803, 0.02451482936563088, 0.06525081116663536, -0.2700331255887883, 0.061028293896867314, 0.06470377393703483, 0.09987707497598824, -0.07356429097089398, -0.11982560354650398, 0.014426680485116718, 0.095810371571916, 0.07160002098984639, 0.06467715582016066, 0.22166123343160068, -0.056019029014189786, -0.13218767468263454, 0.3744850655593261, -0.10269706777467899, -0.1910453253378502, 0.14629869003296841, -0.07905718074710685, -0.13499288108860014, 0.13771443612743878, 0.13162952122761856, 0.10405186454093532, -0.15236910003461415, 0.07971694011571287, 0.00504761344835728, 0.18769797982200037, 0.0807511403101579, -0.05823321794336544, 0.17860947238116326, 0.1911605471108533, 0.022242309443086763, 0.16401075418372463, -0.08997089901196334, -0.15532226915931022, -0.2458113934697371, -0.12140792426270067, -0.1461077010306188, 0.03345751638017312, -0.0771987333221809, -0.1977880995056026, 0.35915965935851957, 0.1184533130969923, 0.23010033578317188, 0.025825679135697457, 0.279592872119827, 0.08077308903978783, 0.12747824987502698, -0.03314182172894855, 0.22398581392355735, 0.11188526112362271, 0.05530932357629077, -0.2683347256359043, 0.10655072653265316, 0.0469522373515028] |
709.0607 | Current-induced cleaning of graphene | A simple yet highly reproducible method to suppress contamination of graphene
at low temperature inside the cryostat is presented. The method consists of
applying a current of several mA through the graphene device, which is here
typically a few $\mu$m wide. This ultra-high current density is shown to remove
contamination adsorbed on the surface. This method is well suited for quantum
electron transport studies of undoped graphene devices, and its utility is
demonstrated here by measuring the anomalous quantum Hall effect.
| cond-mat.other cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a simple yet highly reproducible method to suppress contamination of graphene at low temperature inside the cryostat is presented the method consists of applying a current of several ma through the graphene device which is here typically a few mum wide this ultrahigh current density is shown to remove contamination adsorbed on the surface this method is well suited for quantum electron transport studies of undoped graphene devices and its utility is demonstrated here by measuring the anomalous quantum hall effect | [['a', 'simple', 'yet', 'highly', 'reproducible', 'method', 'to', 'suppress', 'contamination', 'of', 'graphene', 'at', 'low', 'temperature', 'inside', 'the', 'cryostat', 'is', 'presented', 'the', 'method', 'consists', 'of', 'applying', 'a', 'current', 'of', 'several', 'ma', 'through', 'the', 'graphene', 'device', 'which', 'is', 'here', 'typically', 'a', 'few', 'mum', 'wide', 'this', 'ultrahigh', 'current', 'density', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'remove', 'contamination', 'adsorbed', 'on', 'the', 'surface', 'this', 'method', 'is', 'well', 'suited', 'for', 'quantum', 'electron', 'transport', 'studies', 'of', 'undoped', 'graphene', 'devices', 'and', 'its', 'utility', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'here', 'by', 'measuring', 'the', 'anomalous', 'quantum', 'hall', 'effect']] | [-0.09912084579542509, 0.16618217116244782, -0.04976326927979603, -0.01790357522672203, -0.026491064040772158, -0.1645901521299908, 0.06827737630724355, 0.3962845533948254, -0.24388419313609233, -0.3209296125619684, 0.04726667210091779, -0.27346646735145724, -0.1476819269290125, 0.2633455573167238, -0.03783275253702829, 0.06341144585346711, 0.008081253020115841, -0.0713257569083829, -0.045606856878248996, -0.2311067337092633, 0.23937095537275813, 0.09806865698335991, 0.36112249366950566, 0.14387912419912072, 0.1107439575544386, -0.04079325058508986, 0.012251671702589518, 0.03667838952538592, -0.08861671293867224, 0.08055212909792676, 0.24806537342338283, -0.05719420390295578, 0.2614945859912737, -0.4168059197426946, -0.2325702127368178, -0.01012691588681421, 0.11712099894784954, 0.16698225151120835, -0.10357962971420982, -0.24511637795647537, 0.11327528749178681, -0.15042802220049464, -0.1102964365364406, -0.06690786340860305, -0.01920101334007434, -0.035507191306003084, -0.22296431753784418, 0.07137539542142164, 0.007184876984180768, 0.05933115918787173, -0.01810673046314566, -0.11928328630272989, -0.015604401981734016, 0.0491769057928504, -0.01802295041385532, 0.03104774769320854, 0.272952124585662, -0.112800093718379, -0.07387816341432893, 0.37330345772666695, -0.0513601594167635, -0.15970178756196005, 0.19724578253729383, -0.1753289734105361, -0.0468472193489656, 0.17213165617467444, 0.10972432075873201, 0.14678996603039127, -0.21798827532494877, 0.07135770393695028, 0.00023861847283249653, 0.13992054890093888, 0.057450618801845446, 0.05185925283319788, 0.2572378323034004, 0.2709385612519619, 0.07190072287828374, 0.1324113246375396, -0.17162146277576226, 0.020341655696500784, -0.24100797795863063, -0.18544575970987848, -0.2539392947851692, 0.08935358024196538, 0.0007842538781668186, -0.20542681539240062, 0.4123039103837477, 0.1770220529747966, 0.1447683308089589, -0.06075787425679327, 0.377146405570301, 0.11227548467340293, 0.09201861161991585, -0.007418637106448044, 0.24364369047552714, 0.17382609149524483, 0.09357787515784119, -0.263309539956857, 0.07648352821024111, -0.05546311305456415] |
709.0608 | The New Science of Gravitational Waves | A brief survey is presented of new science that will emerge during the
decades ahead from direct detection of gravitational radiation. Interferometers
on earth and in space will probe the universe in an entirely new way by
directly sensing motions of distant matter over a range of more than a million
in frequency. The most powerful sources of gravitational (or indeed any form
of) energy in the universe are inspiralling and merging binary black holes;
with LISA data, they will become the most distant, most completely and
precisely modeled, and most accurately measured systems in astronomy outside
the solar system. Other sources range from already known and named nearby
Galactic binary stars, to compact objects being swallowed by massive black
holes, to possible effects of new physics: phase transitions and superstrings
from the early universe, or holographic noise from quantum fluctuations of
local spacetime.
| astro-ph gr-qc | a brief survey is presented of new science that will emerge during the decades ahead from direct detection of gravitational radiation interferometers on earth and in space will probe the universe in an entirely new way by directly sensing motions of distant matter over a range of more than a million in frequency the most powerful sources of gravitational or indeed any form of energy in the universe are inspiralling and merging binary black holes with lisa data they will become the most distant most completely and precisely modeled and most accurately measured systems in astronomy outside the solar system other sources range from already known and named nearby galactic binary stars to compact objects being swallowed by massive black holes to possible effects of new physics phase transitions and superstrings from the early universe or holographic noise from quantum fluctuations of local spacetime | [['a', 'brief', 'survey', 'is', 'presented', 'of', 'new', 'science', 'that', 'will', 'emerge', 'during', 'the', 'decades', 'ahead', 'from', 'direct', 'detection', 'of', 'gravitational', 'radiation', 'interferometers', 'on', 'earth', 'and', 'in', 'space', 'will', 'probe', 'the', 'universe', 'in', 'an', 'entirely', 'new', 'way', 'by', 'directly', 'sensing', 'motions', 'of', 'distant', 'matter', 'over', 'a', 'range', 'of', 'more', 'than', 'a', 'million', 'in', 'frequency', 'the', 'most', 'powerful', 'sources', 'of', 'gravitational', 'or', 'indeed', 'any', 'form', 'of', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'universe', 'are', 'inspiralling', 'and', 'merging', 'binary', 'black', 'holes', 'with', 'lisa', 'data', 'they', 'will', 'become', 'the', 'most', 'distant', 'most', 'completely', 'and', 'precisely', 'modeled', 'and', 'most', 'accurately', 'measured', 'systems', 'in', 'astronomy', 'outside', 'the', 'solar', 'system', 'other', 'sources', 'range', 'from', 'already', 'known', 'and', 'named', 'nearby', 'galactic', 'binary', 'stars', 'to', 'compact', 'objects', 'being', 'swallowed', 'by', 'massive', 'black', 'holes', 'to', 'possible', 'effects', 'of', 'new', 'physics', 'phase', 'transitions', 'and', 'superstrings', 'from', 'the', 'early', 'universe', 'or', 'holographic', 'noise', 'from', 'quantum', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'local', 'spacetime']] | [-0.10934880722763612, 0.18281283976840415, -0.06801171176872838, 0.09868246390396962, -0.11218162132233071, -0.07769255362412271, 0.010365806285537675, 0.31198281212709844, -0.2062131293561025, -0.34127990655704504, 0.0917073827060651, -0.3158951646894113, -0.09518422112968336, 0.27264981033577995, -0.014433967961748648, -0.014494077467437213, 0.04908786173311657, 0.013638799219431045, -0.04795860618024664, -0.23159242063088137, 0.3362159601723154, 0.12635604281078688, 0.16765346473807263, -0.08229805036333143, 0.07199674298155717, -0.03574525607917975, -0.06471803022213862, 0.005999257150809474, -0.08306854170167652, 0.06570930201754284, 0.2737339761095225, 0.1925273246894095, 0.2242750231202485, -0.43252952297269887, -0.2605449136398319, 0.11958396718950502, 0.17173649262177706, 0.1407862623859223, -0.10084091604352984, -0.3397824822152163, 0.05126477465576803, -0.1949652613968485, -0.12322899660406013, 0.007013747319029385, 0.06712577170563033, -0.013539790985103335, -0.15134897606589626, 0.08678708662126963, 0.0076907743479953045, -0.017674766746090934, -0.0873258860471348, -0.06457896218166247, -0.004682921367930248, 0.10387648728242817, 0.018319244471058482, 0.05701342007119416, 0.18857229234547251, -0.14299778037335878, -0.10062182563059549, 0.4313584389553095, -0.053116480498627223, -0.06280597410740382, 0.24747074538754532, -0.24738310816206244, -0.1556593826745585, 0.13354794409032264, 0.18562588278048983, 0.15980987469407004, -0.20578382350423555, 0.029275327090646088, 0.08125022146204072, 0.17884139305088967, 0.09168033127207309, 0.10957501897468723, 0.4049851651102977, 0.1444685703415113, 0.056972478810671925, 0.08670899089217225, -0.12047440478151354, -0.06268096978480268, -0.26976044128059584, -0.11063661768760842, -0.17924952753593162, 0.07737000711171681, -0.09656732248630659, -0.12472581034995124, 0.33145953556555063, 0.12617994212390235, 0.14117145148015375, -0.036122567602433264, 0.3029372283775855, 0.0025917058875266877, 0.0732286678685341, 0.09208747096353262, 0.3344929173084286, 0.10355579181567817, 0.11894838786409107, -0.12652305391545976, -0.002994809280304859, 0.005946026982403257] |
709.0609 | Topological spin-Hall current in waveguided zinc-blende semiconductors
with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling | We describe an intrinsic spin-Hall effect in $n$-type bulk zinc-blende
semiconductors with topological origin. When electron transport is confined to
a waveguide structure, and the applied electric field is such that the spins of
electrons remain as eigenstates of the Dresselhaus spin-orbit field with
negligible subband mixing, a gauge structure appears in the momentum space of
the system. In particular, the momentum space exhibits a non-trivial Berry
curvature which affects the transverse motion of electrons anisotropically in
spin, thereby producing a finite spin-Hall effect. The effect should be
detectable using standard techniques in the literature such as Kerr rotation,
and be readily distinguishable from other mechanisms of the spin-Hall effect.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we describe an intrinsic spinhall effect in ntype bulk zincblende semiconductors with topological origin when electron transport is confined to a waveguide structure and the applied electric field is such that the spins of electrons remain as eigenstates of the dresselhaus spinorbit field with negligible subband mixing a gauge structure appears in the momentum space of the system in particular the momentum space exhibits a nontrivial berry curvature which affects the transverse motion of electrons anisotropically in spin thereby producing a finite spinhall effect the effect should be detectable using standard techniques in the literature such as kerr rotation and be readily distinguishable from other mechanisms of the spinhall effect | [['we', 'describe', 'an', 'intrinsic', 'spinhall', 'effect', 'in', 'ntype', 'bulk', 'zincblende', 'semiconductors', 'with', 'topological', 'origin', 'when', 'electron', 'transport', 'is', 'confined', 'to', 'a', 'waveguide', 'structure', 'and', 'the', 'applied', 'electric', 'field', 'is', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'spins', 'of', 'electrons', 'remain', 'as', 'eigenstates', 'of', 'the', 'dresselhaus', 'spinorbit', 'field', 'with', 'negligible', 'subband', 'mixing', 'a', 'gauge', 'structure', 'appears', 'in', 'the', 'momentum', 'space', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'momentum', 'space', 'exhibits', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'berry', 'curvature', 'which', 'affects', 'the', 'transverse', 'motion', 'of', 'electrons', 'anisotropically', 'in', 'spin', 'thereby', 'producing', 'a', 'finite', 'spinhall', 'effect', 'the', 'effect', 'should', 'be', 'detectable', 'using', 'standard', 'techniques', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'such', 'as', 'kerr', 'rotation', 'and', 'be', 'readily', 'distinguishable', 'from', 'other', 'mechanisms', 'of', 'the', 'spinhall', 'effect']] | [-0.17816210003908384, 0.25868442562866467, -0.04039291424507445, 0.054109349721958015, -0.09029707437042486, -0.138210861122405, -0.02158598558215255, 0.3956185468557206, -0.3074584855782715, -0.2742646816948598, -0.01840795017461377, -0.2812761411578818, -0.1234763456953012, 0.20143632845614445, 0.007206484520892528, -0.013170979696918618, -0.02327781198969619, -0.041021227567795325, -0.10173617794220759, -0.16895048766904933, 0.3105506703806565, 0.02227479716635902, 0.2829192275816405, 0.06432929497889497, 0.06861591285348616, 0.021484655690040776, 0.11204549100631002, 0.06171030888111669, -0.07503080056716994, 0.029447858856821604, 0.20364040913356637, -0.12241227589547635, 0.1723537121349099, -0.43684182986617087, -0.2062232078307054, 0.03673869357550178, 0.16700518430125985, 0.19126849929188294, -0.08765721326185898, -0.29053364230256357, -0.012050010580093262, -0.16794343371372883, -0.11702519173162397, -0.05962705167648065, 0.010682346906766973, -0.06136515496552668, -0.2346570934497074, 0.10843436252749102, 0.08685744917020202, 0.04102579719196497, -0.0787973594555462, -0.10717895639192482, -0.11409485028548674, 0.07983185629788998, 0.0991891921878877, 0.04506134702189064, 0.188467019432309, -0.11606431116021916, -0.16478510839356617, 0.4287304370748726, -0.09377271788914433, -0.2181602809916843, 0.1025696524545889, -0.23525717984884978, -0.012208087755028497, 0.15880478935485537, 0.17194451684322717, 0.09474368620536883, -0.10445309945935151, 0.13218186415456742, -0.015323696801946922, 0.11807836984093724, 0.0028235224266113207, 0.14519866979680957, 0.2980836636556143, 0.14627857394093138, 0.0527490688667802, 0.12519138470048677, -0.14781824624673887, -0.0324937191368504, -0.2347592983733524, -0.1960142442871901, -0.24245176823936743, 0.10705712158232927, -0.07240617681818548, -0.20068852417171001, 0.4133393873460591, 0.1323453774823892, 0.15262780991721558, -0.08568327403098175, 0.29968280037441714, 0.1349281646205451, 0.09599265934560787, 0.05987786802546576, 0.30795673087599096, 0.19444887390021573, 0.08625750614499504, -0.3244415770803409, 0.04989009071776474, -0.007075239125300538] |
709.061 | Environments of z>5 quasars: searching for protoclusters at
submillimetre wavelengths | The most massive haloes at high redshift are expected, according to
hierarchical cosmologies, to reside in the most biased density fields. If
powerful active galactic nuclei (AGN) are expected to exist anywhere in the
early Universe (z>5), it is within these massive haloes. The most luminous of
these AGN, powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) ~10^9Msun, thereby
present an opportunity to test models of galaxy formation. Here, we present
submillimetre (submm) continuum images of the fields of three luminous quasars
at z>5, obtained at 850 and 450um using the Submm Common-User Bolometer Array
(SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). N-body simulations predict
that such quasars evolve to become the central dominant galaxies of massive
clusters at z=0, but at z=5-6 they are actively forming stars and surrounded by
a rich proto-filamentary structure of young galaxies. Our images show evidence
of extended emission on a scale of ~100kpc from at least one quasar -
indicative of a partially resolved merger or a colossal host galaxy. In
addition, at >3sigma significance we detect 12 (5) submm galaxies (SMGs) at
850um (450um) in the surrounding fields. Number counts of these SMGs are
systematically overabundant relative to blank-field submm surveys. Whilst the
redshift-sensitive 850um/450um and 850um/1.4GHz flux density ratios indicate
that some of these SMGs are likely foreground objects, the counts suggest that
many probably lie in the same large-scale structures as the quasars.
| astro-ph | the most massive haloes at high redshift are expected according to hierarchical cosmologies to reside in the most biased density fields if powerful active galactic nuclei agn are expected to exist anywhere in the early universe z5 it is within these massive haloes the most luminous of these agn powered by supermassive black holes smbhs 109msun thereby present an opportunity to test models of galaxy formation here we present submillimetre submm continuum images of the fields of three luminous quasars at z5 obtained at 850 and 450um using the submm commonuser bolometer array scuba on the james clerk maxwell telescope jcmt nbody simulations predict that such quasars evolve to become the central dominant galaxies of massive clusters at z0 but at z56 they are actively forming stars and surrounded by a rich protofilamentary structure of young galaxies our images show evidence of extended emission on a scale of 100kpc from at least one quasar indicative of a partially resolved merger or a colossal host galaxy in addition at 3sigma significance we detect 12 5 submm galaxies smgs at 850um 450um in the surrounding fields number counts of these smgs are systematically overabundant relative to blankfield submm surveys whilst the redshiftsensitive 850um450um and 850um14ghz flux density ratios indicate that some of these smgs are likely foreground objects the counts suggest that many probably lie in the same largescale structures as the quasars | [['the', 'most', 'massive', 'haloes', 'at', 'high', 'redshift', 'are', 'expected', 'according', 'to', 'hierarchical', 'cosmologies', 'to', 'reside', 'in', 'the', 'most', 'biased', 'density', 'fields', 'if', 'powerful', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'exist', 'anywhere', 'in', 'the', 'early', 'universe', 'z5', 'it', 'is', 'within', 'these', 'massive', 'haloes', 'the', 'most', 'luminous', 'of', 'these', 'agn', 'powered', 'by', 'supermassive', 'black', 'holes', 'smbhs', '109msun', 'thereby', 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709.0611 | Holographic Indeterminacy, Uncertainty and Noise | A theory is developed to describe the nonlocal effect of spacetime
quantization on position measurements transverse to macroscopic separations.
Spacetime quantum states close to a classical null trajectory are approximated
by plane wavefunctions of Planck wavelength (l_P) reference beams; these are
used to connect transverse position operators at macroscopically separated
events. Transverse positions of events with null spacetime separation, but
separated by macroscopic spatial distance $L$, are shown to be quantum
conjugate observables, leading to holographic indeterminacy and a new
uncertainty principle, a lower bound on the standard deviation of relative
transverse position \Delta x_\perp > \sqrt{l_PL} or angular orientation
\Delta\theta > \sqrt{l_P/L}. The resulting limit on the number of independent
degrees of freedom is shown to agree quantitatively with holographic covariant
entropy bounds derived from black hole physics and string theory. The theory
predicts a universal ``holographic noise'' of spacetime, appearing as shear
perturbations with a frequency-independent power spectral density S_H=l_P/c, or
in equivalent metric perturbation units, h_{H,rms} \sqrt{l_P/c} = 2.3 \times
10^{-22} /\sqrt{Hz}. If this description of holographic phenomenology is valid,
interferometers with current technology could undertake direct quantitative
studies of quantum gravity.
| astro-ph gr-qc hep-th | a theory is developed to describe the nonlocal effect of spacetime quantization on position measurements transverse to macroscopic separations spacetime quantum states close to a classical null trajectory are approximated by plane wavefunctions of planck wavelength l_p reference beams these are used to connect transverse position operators at macroscopically separated events transverse positions of events with null spacetime separation but separated by macroscopic spatial distance l are shown to be quantum conjugate observables leading to holographic indeterminacy and a new uncertainty principle a lower bound on the standard deviation of relative transverse position delta x_perp sqrtl_pl or angular orientation deltatheta sqrtl_pl the resulting limit on the number of independent degrees of freedom is shown to agree quantitatively with holographic covariant entropy bounds derived from black hole physics and string theory the theory predicts a universal holographic noise of spacetime appearing as shear perturbations with a frequencyindependent power spectral density s_hl_pc or in equivalent metric perturbation units h_hrms sqrtl_pc 23 times 1022 sqrthz if this description of holographic phenomenology is valid interferometers with current technology could undertake direct quantitative studies of quantum gravity | [['a', 'theory', 'is', 'developed', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'nonlocal', 'effect', 'of', 'spacetime', 'quantization', 'on', 'position', 'measurements', 'transverse', 'to', 'macroscopic', 'separations', 'spacetime', 'quantum', 'states', 'close', 'to', 'a', 'classical', 'null', 'trajectory', 'are', 'approximated', 'by', 'plane', 'wavefunctions', 'of', 'planck', 'wavelength', 'l_p', 'reference', 'beams', 'these', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'connect', 'transverse', 'position', 'operators', 'at', 'macroscopically', 'separated', 'events', 'transverse', 'positions', 'of', 'events', 'with', 'null', 'spacetime', 'separation', 'but', 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709.0612 | Information Equation of State | Landauer's principle is applied to information in the universe. Once stars
began forming, the increasing proportion of matter at high stellar temperatures
compensated for the expanding universe to provide a near constant information
energy density. The information equation of state was close to the dark energy
value, w = -1, for a wide range of redshifts, 10> z >0.8, over one half of
cosmic time. A reasonable universe information bit content of only 10^87 bits
is sufficient for information energy to account for all dark energy. A time
varying equation of state with a direct link between dark energy and matter,
and linked to star formation in particular, is clearly relevant to the cosmic
coincidence problem.In answering the "Why now?" question we wonder "What next?"
as we expect the information equation of state to tend towards w = 0 in the
future.
| astro-ph | landauers principle is applied to information in the universe once stars began forming the increasing proportion of matter at high stellar temperatures compensated for the expanding universe to provide a near constant information energy density the information equation of state was close to the dark energy value w 1 for a wide range of redshifts 10 z 08 over one half of cosmic time a reasonable universe information bit content of only 1087 bits is sufficient for information energy to account for all dark energy a time varying equation of state with a direct link between dark energy and matter and linked to star formation in particular is clearly relevant to the cosmic coincidence problemin answering the why now question we wonder what next as we expect the information equation of state to tend towards w 0 in the future | [['landauers', 'principle', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'information', 'in', 'the', 'universe', 'once', 'stars', 'began', 'forming', 'the', 'increasing', 'proportion', 'of', 'matter', 'at', 'high', 'stellar', 'temperatures', 'compensated', 'for', 'the', 'expanding', 'universe', 'to', 'provide', 'a', 'near', 'constant', 'information', 'energy', 'density', 'the', 'information', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'was', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'value', 'w', '1', 'for', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'redshifts', '10', 'z', '08', 'over', 'one', 'half', 'of', 'cosmic', 'time', 'a', 'reasonable', 'universe', 'information', 'bit', 'content', 'of', 'only', '1087', 'bits', 'is', 'sufficient', 'for', 'information', 'energy', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'all', 'dark', 'energy', 'a', 'time', 'varying', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'with', 'a', 'direct', 'link', 'between', 'dark', 'energy', 'and', 'matter', 'and', 'linked', 'to', 'star', 'formation', 'in', 'particular', 'is', 'clearly', 'relevant', 'to', 'the', 'cosmic', 'coincidence', 'problemin', 'answering', 'the', 'why', 'now', 'question', 'we', 'wonder', 'what', 'next', 'as', 'we', 'expect', 'the', 'information', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'to', 'tend', 'towards', 'w', '0', 'in', 'the', 'future']] | [-0.11279902079674814, 0.1563830116347942, -0.084428947678368, 0.13687243410843491, -0.10010903233861816, -0.1136109300672875, 0.0790059235578935, 0.3370138539733099, -0.2597433426251103, -0.3721729490007939, 0.06948906201287172, -0.28706041488663425, 0.04150949562234538, 0.16510912816239787, -0.004247251159189805, -0.0022644922137260437, 0.026307573495432734, 0.08003802988990044, -0.04032364114121135, -0.28700809603823085, 0.3192258823396904, 0.1089715752551066, 0.2287141482744898, 0.06733121945123588, 0.1256736138236842, -0.04289195990755356, -0.02626010280135753, -0.03280202408786863, -0.21586423126095075, 0.04131495692750572, 0.27725458723559443, 0.13267601359901685, 0.28451517180905544, -0.3812151661624999, -0.23157747082545288, 0.15136154965979845, 0.15201074644657117, 0.11461130096047002, -0.06847028636506626, -0.23936018049384333, 0.08424081889056002, -0.1591588100934002, -0.13649362334648946, 0.013334337169570581, 0.03017133832909167, -0.025168840194653187, -0.22046529640709714, 0.13895059206406585, -0.003381714306306094, -0.049393175961449744, -0.09356111074531717, -0.0729506681307352, -0.04442656143634979, 0.09114907790041928, 0.019311914388422988, 0.09161738043933708, 0.13574052429425398, -0.1832774092476549, -0.031115856194602592, 0.38291865692340904, -0.10595455829918916, -0.10374309437216393, 0.13980905153522535, -0.1834427682115347, -0.1333758520527876, 0.16431226152760375, 0.12097287713550031, 0.05769536082433271, -0.1423656471522658, 0.0449225860140619, 0.020779914308306096, 0.21603267776247645, 0.0891271314982857, 0.0826533042576297, 0.3094730331895075, 0.15388484652919163, 0.07057747566141188, 0.03444740816817752, -0.08686748187090935, -0.08760721611324698, -0.27355890263404165, -0.21101043149496296, -0.18581118663423696, 0.09799434567768393, -0.10702878023772168, -0.0722520239385111, 0.3410878096973257, 0.12765062235162727, 0.19969195331047687, 0.025216567393259278, 0.2690955188058849, 0.07924586732780362, 0.02041722708880635, 0.08826927849025067, 0.23955776966842157, 0.1505440270598878, 0.16880413893460564, -0.16801209866867534, 0.038931433999511815, -0.011445983294730207] |
709.0613 | Complementarity and uncertainty relations for matter wave interferometry | We establish a rigorous quantitative connection between (i) the
interferometric duality relation for which-way information and fringe
visibility and (ii) Heisenberg's uncertainty relation for position and modular
momentum. We apply our theory to atom interferometry, wherein spontaneously
emitted photons provide which way information, and unambiguously resolve the
challenge posed by the metamaterial `perfect lens' to complementarity and to
the Heisenberg-Bohr interpretation of the Heisenberg microscope thought
experiment.
| quant-ph | we establish a rigorous quantitative connection between i the interferometric duality relation for whichway information and fringe visibility and ii heisenbergs uncertainty relation for position and modular momentum we apply our theory to atom interferometry wherein spontaneously emitted photons provide which way information and unambiguously resolve the challenge posed by the metamaterial perfect lens to complementarity and to the heisenbergbohr interpretation of the heisenberg microscope thought experiment | [['we', 'establish', 'a', 'rigorous', 'quantitative', 'connection', 'between', 'i', 'the', 'interferometric', 'duality', 'relation', 'for', 'whichway', 'information', 'and', 'fringe', 'visibility', 'and', 'ii', 'heisenbergs', 'uncertainty', 'relation', 'for', 'position', 'and', 'modular', 'momentum', 'we', 'apply', 'our', 'theory', 'to', 'atom', 'interferometry', 'wherein', 'spontaneously', 'emitted', 'photons', 'provide', 'which', 'way', 'information', 'and', 'unambiguously', 'resolve', 'the', 'challenge', 'posed', 'by', 'the', 'metamaterial', 'perfect', 'lens', 'to', 'complementarity', 'and', 'to', 'the', 'heisenbergbohr', 'interpretation', 'of', 'the', 'heisenberg', 'microscope', 'thought', 'experiment']] | [-0.10338928496154647, 0.09368492631157013, -0.1362706022337079, 0.11878791507677472, -0.15006584497644904, -0.1951181943824684, 0.09124535789790873, 0.3758675961501219, -0.2718846485526724, -0.3659982184075158, 0.013404804585275777, -0.29187669918279757, -0.12097523155777405, 0.14173767396079545, -0.0668426147436328, 0.07242499455583817, 0.06023792553142729, -0.04226620574649353, -0.050055111666689765, -0.11773181421625795, 0.31666485997001553, 0.08878301696456743, 0.31906491083403427, 0.07687080056039673, 0.15811638666006425, 0.07845687010381935, -0.04960087024973649, 0.014915925055516489, -0.15809545643401868, 0.14797794336283748, 0.2918967352897832, 0.15212783446027475, 0.15640795957579307, -0.4448243956448454, -0.14852088956500997, 0.05551617150194943, 0.12238207770684367, 0.10733568146260399, -0.052947812981790666, -0.3811381305991249, -0.058287253652727515, -0.13420619802182596, -0.15002899650117438, -0.04133989852429791, 0.014829462111899347, -0.07304369859665519, -0.22018947384221424, 0.10182637711069688, 0.061174408624400246, 0.051408625744057426, -0.013329760489851293, 0.031218780261097534, 0.053730545597235585, 0.12950546144169162, -0.05656704328298061, 0.04153054615722574, 0.053111997383618444, -0.08762437022277013, -0.1288684455141651, 0.35667777566634346, -0.011117342859506607, -0.16723242622207513, 0.12080436954839212, -0.17426564283386775, -0.07781528730199418, 0.030380778632013862, 0.09136804488177101, 0.03361050812104209, -0.13158945469750147, -0.032114932381470375, -0.055870553916037985, 0.21225657266084896, 0.13800892888596564, 0.12805688957627298, 0.2706621586288692, 0.10208875020951823, 0.05354935704786895, 0.10435173120067427, -0.11270288195969029, -0.10703119339604834, -0.33950813841356925, -0.1963879862151137, -0.19249610727032027, 0.07480207549154082, -0.05882429804853129, -0.05911275189877911, 0.2801783060598554, 0.17080127440435303, 0.15778670451519164, 0.030162356019542185, 0.32348427862267604, 0.07649808633317606, 0.01936092683480996, -0.046154614414483534, 0.3370499668473547, 0.26091791310164175, 0.09852261579605208, -0.27521319704299624, -0.02287259045282774, 0.06338690006823251] |
709.0614 | Dynamical parton distributions of the nucleon and very small-x physics | Utilizing recent DIS measurements (F_{2,L}) and data on dilepton and
high-E_{T} jet production we determine the dynamical parton distributions of
the nucleon generated radiatively from valence-like positive input
distributions at optimally chosen low resolution scales. These are compared
with `standard' distributions generated from positive input distributions at
some fixed and higher resolution scale. It is shown that up to the next to
leading order NLO(\bar{MS}, DIS) of perturbative QCD considered in this paper,
the uncertainties of the dynamical distributions are, as expected, smaller than
those of their standard counterparts. This holds true in particular in the
presently unexplored extremely small-x region relevant for evaluating ultrahigh
energy cross sections in astrophysical applications. It is noted that our new
dynamical distributions are compatible, within the presently determined
uncertainties, with previously determined dynamical parton distributions.
| hep-ph | utilizing recent dis measurements f_2l and data on dilepton and highe_t jet production we determine the dynamical parton distributions of the nucleon generated radiatively from valencelike positive input distributions at optimally chosen low resolution scales these are compared with standard distributions generated from positive input distributions at some fixed and higher resolution scale it is shown that up to the next to leading order nlobarms dis of perturbative qcd considered in this paper the uncertainties of the dynamical distributions are as expected smaller than those of their standard counterparts this holds true in particular in the presently unexplored extremely smallx region relevant for evaluating ultrahigh energy cross sections in astrophysical applications it is noted that our new dynamical distributions are compatible within the presently determined uncertainties with previously determined dynamical parton distributions | [['utilizing', 'recent', 'dis', 'measurements', 'f_2l', 'and', 'data', 'on', 'dilepton', 'and', 'highe_t', 'jet', 'production', 'we', 'determine', 'the', 'dynamical', 'parton', 'distributions', 'of', 'the', 'nucleon', 'generated', 'radiatively', 'from', 'valencelike', 'positive', 'input', 'distributions', 'at', 'optimally', 'chosen', 'low', 'resolution', 'scales', 'these', 'are', 'compared', 'with', 'standard', 'distributions', 'generated', 'from', 'positive', 'input', 'distributions', 'at', 'some', 'fixed', 'and', 'higher', 'resolution', 'scale', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'up', 'to', 'the', 'next', 'to', 'leading', 'order', 'nlobarms', 'dis', 'of', 'perturbative', 'qcd', 'considered', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'the', 'uncertainties', 'of', 'the', 'dynamical', 'distributions', 'are', 'as', 'expected', 'smaller', 'than', 'those', 'of', 'their', 'standard', 'counterparts', 'this', 'holds', 'true', 'in', 'particular', 'in', 'the', 'presently', 'unexplored', 'extremely', 'smallx', 'region', 'relevant', 'for', 'evaluating', 'ultrahigh', 'energy', 'cross', 'sections', 'in', 'astrophysical', 'applications', 'it', 'is', 'noted', 'that', 'our', 'new', 'dynamical', 'distributions', 'are', 'compatible', 'within', 'the', 'presently', 'determined', 'uncertainties', 'with', 'previously', 'determined', 'dynamical', 'parton', 'distributions']] | [-0.028531573512875795, 0.20108732131828788, -0.10516471783666097, 0.1846495616527004, -0.027440246102179735, -0.05301128559788504, -0.018205235490952227, 0.3914919459609357, -0.23097695013550856, -0.29677618243767107, 0.04646486166566042, -0.30753107020588777, 0.010564453579940413, 0.1908385341219206, 0.006695481880793689, 0.12916773644396823, 0.050717103812232156, -0.012078630769952336, -0.08187314083458472, -0.22102989040258278, 0.3610936097857606, 0.10202530096818245, 0.24826819352976237, 0.05818895933765719, 0.0994600712318144, -0.003399421699089176, -0.09874844191132028, -0.023866063147385156, -0.13690405291070157, 0.09473359695225173, 0.26957124407324967, 0.05617889695097017, 0.13266003044066196, -0.34379797037833065, -0.1791749613080529, 0.09577781894201598, 0.14484445911917465, 0.08810597055197075, -0.040245739328106225, -0.24788719908341425, 0.13069991394521968, -0.21449426213947645, -0.12133741583888426, -0.09214952096826474, -0.01767798607017248, 0.018839413001564623, -0.2874072563784723, 0.0877898377899564, -0.03904062280349632, 0.010500184102126092, -0.02619046361882325, -0.21179198874302835, -0.04685980817551888, 0.09610225691438745, 0.08762435089683032, 0.07367594779881415, 0.14645338156358303, -0.18372086147983907, -0.11574322230516727, 0.3941020364411005, -0.019164009964940464, -0.17550789702013633, 0.16444006530240973, -0.27004645943271977, -0.16357999400658718, 0.16162447757549755, 0.18455477827406339, 0.12869550542015482, -0.1667833172197219, 0.07409864969490246, -0.0015767377246711546, 0.13639132214447072, 0.0883659231787519, 0.09420692526827787, 0.17685566346324583, 0.17330520336146515, 0.010599042822158974, 0.04456175772387904, -0.08578406018204987, -0.12039988217626535, -0.355103945217401, -0.01924964829653729, -0.143669301203189, 0.06899952895242635, -0.09683264618464443, -0.10311739568714984, 0.3243132318860588, 0.15584065278686354, 0.26445348975995114, 0.05043891842036245, 0.311480671366435, 0.12870148234051573, 0.084023013520801, 0.08794119209406599, 0.25767841878749664, 0.1289241846992087, 0.0876868479415945, -0.18013114797996485, 0.0943039913123246, -0.025817598489944943] |
709.0615 | Frequency-Domain Coherent Control of Femtosecond Two-Photon Absorption:
Intermediate-Field vs. Weak-Field Regime | Coherent control of femtosecond two-photon absorption in the
intermediate-field regime is analyzed in detail in the powerful frequency
domain using an extended 4th-order perturbative description. The corresponding
absorption is coherently induced by the weak-field non-resonant two-photon
transitions as well as by four-photon transitions involving three absorbed
photons and one emitted photons. The interferences between these two groups of
transitions lead to a difference between the intermediate-field and weak-field
absorption dynamics. The corresponding interference nature (constructive or
destructive) strongly depends on the detuning direction of the pulse spectrum
from half the two-photon transition frequency. The model system of the study is
atomic sodium, for which both experimental and theoretical results are
obtained. The detailed understanding obtained here serves as a basis for
coherent control with rationally-shaped femtosecond pulses in a regime of
sizable absorption yields.
| physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph | coherent control of femtosecond twophoton absorption in the intermediatefield regime is analyzed in detail in the powerful frequency domain using an extended 4thorder perturbative description the corresponding absorption is coherently induced by the weakfield nonresonant twophoton transitions as well as by fourphoton transitions involving three absorbed photons and one emitted photons the interferences between these two groups of transitions lead to a difference between the intermediatefield and weakfield absorption dynamics the corresponding interference nature constructive or destructive strongly depends on the detuning direction of the pulse spectrum from half the twophoton transition frequency the model system of the study is atomic sodium for which both experimental and theoretical results are obtained the detailed understanding obtained here serves as a basis for coherent control with rationallyshaped femtosecond pulses in a regime of sizable absorption yields | [['coherent', 'control', 'of', 'femtosecond', 'twophoton', 'absorption', 'in', 'the', 'intermediatefield', 'regime', 'is', 'analyzed', 'in', 'detail', 'in', 'the', 'powerful', 'frequency', 'domain', 'using', 'an', 'extended', '4thorder', 'perturbative', 'description', 'the', 'corresponding', 'absorption', 'is', 'coherently', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'weakfield', 'nonresonant', 'twophoton', 'transitions', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'by', 'fourphoton', 'transitions', 'involving', 'three', 'absorbed', 'photons', 'and', 'one', 'emitted', 'photons', 'the', 'interferences', 'between', 'these', 'two', 'groups', 'of', 'transitions', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'intermediatefield', 'and', 'weakfield', 'absorption', 'dynamics', 'the', 'corresponding', 'interference', 'nature', 'constructive', 'or', 'destructive', 'strongly', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'detuning', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'pulse', 'spectrum', 'from', 'half', 'the', 'twophoton', 'transition', 'frequency', 'the', 'model', 'system', 'of', 'the', 'study', 'is', 'atomic', 'sodium', 'for', 'which', 'both', 'experimental', 'and', 'theoretical', 'results', 'are', 'obtained', 'the', 'detailed', 'understanding', 'obtained', 'here', 'serves', 'as', 'a', 'basis', 'for', 'coherent', 'control', 'with', 'rationallyshaped', 'femtosecond', 'pulses', 'in', 'a', 'regime', 'of', 'sizable', 'absorption', 'yields']] | [-0.13387870687739292, 0.18303426296226558, -0.043130454572295786, 0.05635726710066332, 0.001406566681046235, -0.13493544771861202, 0.07008883846867689, 0.4155604465115339, -0.23909137299970576, -0.2898366308133853, -0.004844612130349068, -0.2895012746400487, -0.08126170748207522, 0.21673340681954323, 0.06154359537141776, 0.010869929545972132, 0.005472151734130948, -0.045206249145356786, 0.009414037941653925, -0.08554849375776344, 0.3117847121600762, 0.03920100318421995, 0.28696421191404414, 0.06223097126195697, 0.06574336188684281, 0.03228995479867423, -0.011257197294748366, -0.0598754182639987, -0.07723819903409655, 0.07263129117156386, 0.25161688231961116, 0.021516389651153992, 0.2042190926924131, -0.4008343352803162, -0.20399907763865321, 0.04531462900331804, 0.16506515049569911, 0.15244472666408979, -0.058977632555774505, -0.3348191075160035, -0.05743101604030769, -0.10974876685908302, -0.09894829279484045, -0.05784756737880241, -0.014455470720418077, 0.026564389609038494, -0.2788022462299612, 0.07989594466017938, 0.03566941649642514, 0.03696985128230618, -0.023397368376311335, -0.031124638910825484, -0.03421209323486047, 0.09447660395014275, -0.02438732364418027, -0.016254474090314226, 0.14933951678370735, -0.12873403650281348, -0.1644936342184481, 0.4006043115168586, -0.13157505550530313, -0.09170405470934186, 0.15802996402564354, -0.20634491262691362, -0.04429543143334357, 0.2387188677991131, 0.128186046707801, 0.13699127384286403, -0.12224276982688982, 0.01935958203070104, 0.01201949482153457, 0.20991467295872762, 0.1256340946091857, 0.14894942614018805, 0.18843234309933632, 0.15735005526768422, -0.011183213235992463, 0.16119916185463562, -0.09291513721262545, -0.09656218647837807, -0.31070081715969217, -0.06444002967240303, -0.14759811388391694, 0.055376761522900345, -0.03204998768889258, -0.11116594896315687, 0.416814949510521, 0.08362311885265031, 0.16875094649052821, -0.05008697630469933, 0.34794165071492134, 0.20237494019626928, -0.024593314758144823, -0.030488470775824516, 0.34707305571274427, 0.19471030796815017, 0.07836545022176947, -0.3054352229884721, 0.021059348100894375, -0.0005940317501895185] |
709.0616 | Vacuum shell in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter world | We construct the classification scheme for all possible evolution scenarios
and find the corresponding global geometries for dynamics of a thin spherical
vacuum shell in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric. This configuration is
suitable for the modelling of vacuum bubbles arising during cosmological phase
transitions in the early Universe. The distinctive final types of evolution
from the local point of view of a rather distant observer are either the
unlimited expansion of the shell or its contraction with a formation of black
hole (with a central singularity) or wormhole (with a baby universe in
interior).
| gr-qc hep-ph | we construct the classification scheme for all possible evolution scenarios and find the corresponding global geometries for dynamics of a thin spherical vacuum shell in the schwarzschildde sitter metric this configuration is suitable for the modelling of vacuum bubbles arising during cosmological phase transitions in the early universe the distinctive final types of evolution from the local point of view of a rather distant observer are either the unlimited expansion of the shell or its contraction with a formation of black hole with a central singularity or wormhole with a baby universe in interior | [['we', 'construct', 'the', 'classification', 'scheme', 'for', 'all', 'possible', 'evolution', 'scenarios', 'and', 'find', 'the', 'corresponding', 'global', 'geometries', 'for', 'dynamics', 'of', 'a', 'thin', 'spherical', 'vacuum', 'shell', 'in', 'the', 'schwarzschildde', 'sitter', 'metric', 'this', 'configuration', 'is', 'suitable', 'for', 'the', 'modelling', 'of', 'vacuum', 'bubbles', 'arising', 'during', 'cosmological', 'phase', 'transitions', 'in', 'the', 'early', 'universe', 'the', 'distinctive', 'final', 'types', 'of', 'evolution', 'from', 'the', 'local', 'point', 'of', 'view', 'of', 'a', 'rather', 'distant', 'observer', 'are', 'either', 'the', 'unlimited', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'shell', 'or', 'its', 'contraction', 'with', 'a', 'formation', 'of', 'black', 'hole', 'with', 'a', 'central', 'singularity', 'or', 'wormhole', 'with', 'a', 'baby', 'universe', 'in', 'interior']] | [-0.12867502063671324, 0.08713356497761932, -0.12285499120170766, 0.08433620073892018, -0.045282960859464205, -0.09580947044602733, -0.006438607810699242, 0.32065615820837146, -0.20808635431619243, -0.26673448971532127, 0.13183145963789974, -0.24277118030697742, -0.05555617344129751, 0.11854883925890193, -0.002582403400818758, -0.019010451880526393, 0.029036534130276043, 0.033414808253044305, -0.11145846453616692, -0.18591953468870648, 0.4243729207862882, 0.08865335363736178, 0.24842576776938316, -0.06461195074061447, 0.09519605785162445, -0.04332220861985487, 0.0003006710433103937, 0.042499108165700704, -0.1595547492417725, 0.05804653030552683, 0.1776355771011019, 0.13826408180745042, 0.22953959413535677, -0.43960164188149764, -0.24396995303439015, 0.1298745965382005, 0.13566352205568963, 0.19922826605591368, -0.09812098820049792, -0.2914285132502939, 0.049913821920276956, -0.19789347594524634, -0.20841362356069557, -0.00019275708163672304, 0.04535535403943442, -0.03410992864519358, -0.21414026090233745, 0.11231206431786747, 0.037743859329914795, -0.0329015232731608, -0.13429137749443862, -0.005263501585045076, -0.06689592391411041, 0.1127630456974928, 0.06262872391132678, 0.01804847585562458, 0.17774493434030483, -0.15345059696614663, -0.09360569661502983, 0.4013080931060571, -0.05689582815195652, -0.126007090206258, 0.18049035332304367, -0.21019844147079486, -0.0767134848655142, 0.14839347335509956, 0.10758403973762896, 0.1664652807261557, -0.10883934106281463, 0.12762147089047854, 0.03633707214860206, 0.11257672474745592, 0.11405094004573023, 0.022536841832953406, 0.3613557388443757, 0.16731337773950494, 0.020783108198381167, 0.15157455235640419, -0.06892217207821383, -0.13218506569342509, -0.37838944610446057, -0.1528120284622654, -0.12405218348585743, 0.08374820691236157, -0.19595355923925997, -0.25038601176694353, 0.36062297032553264, 0.0350973267266725, 0.1996153985060989, -0.03067555361516536, 0.2595683434740343, -0.0025700954819454793, 0.00977313578465676, 0.09651656090925903, 0.3053675678340679, 0.055229182612705735, 0.12516929544375321, -0.2266744047011982, 0.0036955988282298155, 0.08010252439317868] |
709.0617 | Widom-Rowlinson model (continuum and lattice) | This is a short review about liquid-vapor and crystalline phase transitions
in continuum and lattice Widom-Rowlinson models.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | this is a short review about liquidvapor and crystalline phase transitions in continuum and lattice widomrowlinson models | [['this', 'is', 'a', 'short', 'review', 'about', 'liquidvapor', 'and', 'crystalline', 'phase', 'transitions', 'in', 'continuum', 'and', 'lattice', 'widomrowlinson', 'models']] | [-0.12369876360411153, 0.23932281366604216, -0.11834411739426501, 0.041573536089238, -0.013136652900892146, -0.16296525362550335, 0.11150006423978244, 0.47730084815446067, -0.19810657104586854, -0.18227282758144772, 0.12858332257361754, -0.2570678538040203, -0.1529651090283604, 0.026004540240939927, -0.010359126581426929, 0.001822425052523613, 0.0035504959523677826, -0.09774406451512785, -0.11512474836233784, -0.1496068892233512, 0.24372381936101353, -0.060320994131924474, 0.2508710300659432, 0.1292988896534285, 0.01841485155198504, -0.038992028738207674, 0.04655158892273903, -0.01912180137108354, -0.2632492534706698, 0.05943609812461278, 0.25472090843494, -0.0989474791156895, 0.11004106010146, -0.39575169816174927, -0.295369418885778, 0.06653970436138265, 0.047957623048740274, 0.2359166306388729, 0.04995550642557004, -0.25699055655037656, -0.026557494338382694, -0.13924834351329243, -0.07719588159200023, -0.038903026896364545, 0.06294789570657645, 0.02032865441459067, -0.17264056271489928, 0.09835422214339762, 0.12428873823955655, 0.19523188345791662, -0.07179362819913555, -0.1339475829154253, -0.00545413134729161, 0.06359925392248175, -0.007670969277729883, 0.09112738445401192, 0.0951317669275929, -0.16238903351511588, -0.11661356588935151, 0.4917394659098457, -0.0630413863588782, -0.04219790065989775, 0.26294051916064587, -0.10832384749151328, -0.18457030833644025, 0.24920385834925315, 0.11499832011759281, 0.07493532865363009, -0.14555053248563232, 0.05085371318958042, 0.001953193698735798, 0.2782301604747772, -0.009256210753365475, -0.003087854341549032, 0.32840460363556356, 0.2606407296569908, -0.061868903994121975, 0.20730526372790337, -0.036103874225826824, -0.22460700571537018, -0.32246074506410344, -0.16882215615581064, -0.19839079765712514, 0.052323610740987694, -0.08136880096315187, -0.23241042126627529, 0.3680234349825803, 0.12710538177805789, 0.1884130718296065, 0.009937225019230563, 0.21781482854310205, 0.021943716880153206, -0.08022931996075545, 0.01794808071709293, 0.19171619689201608, 0.16584904842516957, 0.14213295324760325, -0.17034088099813638, -0.0019473580314832576, 0.12144249858444228] |
709.0618 | Microwave surface resistance of pristine and neutron-irradiated MgB2
samples in magnetic field | We report on the microwave surface resistance of two polycrystalline Mg11B2
samples; one consists of pristine material, the other has been irradiated at
very high neutron fluence. It has already been reported that in the strongly
irradiated sample the two gaps merge into a single value. The mw surface
resistance has been measured in the linear regime as a function of the
temperature and the DC magnetic field, at increasing and decreasing fields. The
results obtained in the strongly irradiated sample are quite well justified in
the framework of a generalized Coffey and Clem model, in which we take into
account the field distribution inside the sample due to the critical state. The
results obtained in the pristine sample show several anomalies, especially at
low temperatures, which cannot be justified in the framework of standard models
for the fluxon dynamics. Only at temperatures near Tc and for magnetic fields
greater than 0.5Hc2(T) the experimental data can quantitatively be accounted
for by the Coffey and Clem model, provided that the upper-critical-field
anisotropy is taken into due account.
| cond-mat.supr-con | we report on the microwave surface resistance of two polycrystalline mg11b2 samples one consists of pristine material the other has been irradiated at very high neutron fluence it has already been reported that in the strongly irradiated sample the two gaps merge into a single value the mw surface resistance has been measured in the linear regime as a function of the temperature and the dc magnetic field at increasing and decreasing fields the results obtained in the strongly irradiated sample are quite well justified in the framework of a generalized coffey and clem model in which we take into account the field distribution inside the sample due to the critical state the results obtained in the pristine sample show several anomalies especially at low temperatures which cannot be justified in the framework of standard models for the fluxon dynamics only at temperatures near tc and for magnetic fields greater than 05hc2t the experimental data can quantitatively be accounted for by the coffey and clem model provided that the uppercriticalfield anisotropy is taken into due account | [['we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'microwave', 'surface', 'resistance', 'of', 'two', 'polycrystalline', 'mg11b2', 'samples', 'one', 'consists', 'of', 'pristine', 'material', 'the', 'other', 'has', 'been', 'irradiated', 'at', 'very', 'high', 'neutron', 'fluence', 'it', 'has', 'already', 'been', 'reported', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'strongly', 'irradiated', 'sample', 'the', 'two', 'gaps', 'merge', 'into', 'a', 'single', 'value', 'the', 'mw', 'surface', 'resistance', 'has', 'been', 'measured', 'in', 'the', 'linear', 'regime', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'temperature', 'and', 'the', 'dc', 'magnetic', 'field', 'at', 'increasing', 'and', 'decreasing', 'fields', 'the', 'results', 'obtained', 'in', 'the', 'strongly', 'irradiated', 'sample', 'are', 'quite', 'well', 'justified', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'a', 'generalized', 'coffey', 'and', 'clem', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'we', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'field', 'distribution', 'inside', 'the', 'sample', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'critical', 'state', 'the', 'results', 'obtained', 'in', 'the', 'pristine', 'sample', 'show', 'several', 'anomalies', 'especially', 'at', 'low', 'temperatures', 'which', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'justified', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'standard', 'models', 'for', 'the', 'fluxon', 'dynamics', 'only', 'at', 'temperatures', 'near', 'tc', 'and', 'for', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'greater', 'than', '05hc2t', 'the', 'experimental', 'data', 'can', 'quantitatively', 'be', 'accounted', 'for', 'by', 'the', 'coffey', 'and', 'clem', 'model', 'provided', 'that', 'the', 'uppercriticalfield', 'anisotropy', 'is', 'taken', 'into', 'due', 'account']] | [-0.07547491941867131, 0.1557372404142682, -0.08414509357618434, 0.02999941591772118, -0.0041308239395064965, -0.11250413062583123, 0.041207099735204665, 0.3778600658263479, -0.21693858612860953, -0.3541627372907741, 0.06490915308906031, -0.30189726849618764, -0.04302370802100216, 0.24566559415842806, 0.007126038228826863, 0.027625961979585036, 0.005302648017449038, 0.01308384543750435, -0.03711041124537587, -0.2369597270659038, 0.27069770076711264, 0.05110270941031299, 0.3203618326237691, 0.07242777089987483, 0.060397446715006874, -0.037162229291092704, 0.041808226885540145, 0.10059496110837375, -0.10694437450105657, 0.009830695997391429, 0.22303925749540213, 0.01048410819689577, 0.22337914392618197, -0.446543675372876, -0.2532240563418184, 0.05794664257339069, 0.11979970058160169, 0.11410137551429216, -0.06611820412866239, -0.2539232626743615, 0.09025622536428272, -0.11772661721200815, -0.10989572108606808, -0.04963495459407568, 0.0007562444359064102, -0.015226044449955225, -0.25141396783558384, 0.07397532432473132, 0.05987947215259607, 0.059514869454848976, -0.11662887053830283, -0.17425658707107816, -0.06342285373514252, 0.07639559506039534, 0.048127208165824414, 0.06327032262592443, 0.14075129896402358, -0.13403818884066174, -0.026904301691268173, 0.351527832533632, -0.07624239456349252, -0.10062358465577875, 0.17436476027859107, -0.22182822587500725, -0.09594790995985801, 0.1725298109085166, 0.14276739646148467, 0.1022243370967252, -0.17670969594802174, 0.07305202521633224, -0.012400467594021133, 0.13594149208494596, 0.03687969618476927, 0.009522323112136551, 0.23802591315071497, 0.1911950694071129, -0.03381347917951644, 0.13829022822203116, -0.1236241953620421, -0.0344387463214142, -0.23399619959693935, -0.12547680799583238, -0.19456589315618789, 0.016001634530007972, -0.06095149290041133, -0.13013868583632368, 0.38438283339674983, 0.1500683580778007, 0.21699198869190045, -0.001017054013375725, 0.27812141186424666, 0.1485239084164745, 0.12089478746588742, 0.06102730155124196, 0.2979375995429499, 0.1465873505574252, 0.09764848011146698, -0.2232351040840149, 0.10032929162361792, -0.034290422233087675] |
709.0619 | Physical Characteristics of a Dark Cloud in an Early Stage of Star
Formation toward NGC 7538: an Outer Galaxy Infrared Dark Cloud? | In the inner parts of the Galaxy the Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs) are
presently believed to be the progenitors of massive stars and star clusters.
Many of them are predominantly devoid of active star formation and for now they
represent the earliest observed stages of massive star formation. Their Outer
Galaxy counterparts, if present, are not easily identified because of a low or
absent mid-IR background. We characterize the ambient conditions in the Outer
Galaxy IRDC candidate G111.80+0.58, a relatively quiescent molecular core
complex in the vicinity of NGC7538. We conduct molecular line observations on a
number of dense cores and analyze the data in terms of excitation temperature,
column and volume density, mass and stability. The temperatures (15-20K) are
higher than expected from only cosmic ray heating, but comparable to those
found in massive cores. Star forming activity could be present in some cores,
as indicated by the presence of warm gas and YSO candidates. The observed
super-thermal line-widths are typical for star forming regions. The velocity
dispersion is consistent with a turbulent energy cascade over the observed size
scales. We do not find a correlation between the gas temperature and the
line-width. The LTE masses we find are much larger than the thermal Jeans mass
and fragmentation is expected. In that case the observed lines represent the
combined emission of multiple unresolved components. We conclude that
G111.80+0.58 is a molecular core complex with bulk properties very similar to
IRDCs in an early, but not pristine, star forming state. The individual cores
are close to virial equilibrium and some contain sufficient material to form
massive stars and star clusters. The ambient conditions suggest that turbulence
is involved in supporting the cores against gravitational collapse.
| astro-ph | in the inner parts of the galaxy the infrared dark clouds irdcs are presently believed to be the progenitors of massive stars and star clusters many of them are predominantly devoid of active star formation and for now they represent the earliest observed stages of massive star formation their outer galaxy counterparts if present are not easily identified because of a low or absent midir background we characterize the ambient conditions in the outer galaxy irdc candidate g11180058 a relatively quiescent molecular core complex in the vicinity of ngc7538 we conduct molecular line observations on a number of dense cores and analyze the data in terms of excitation temperature column and volume density mass and stability the temperatures 1520k are higher than expected from only cosmic ray heating but comparable to those found in massive cores star forming activity could be present in some cores as indicated by the presence of warm gas and yso candidates the observed superthermal linewidths are typical for star forming regions the velocity dispersion is consistent with a turbulent energy cascade over the observed size scales we do not find a correlation between the gas temperature and the linewidth the lte masses we find are much larger than the thermal jeans mass and fragmentation is expected in that case the observed lines represent the combined emission of multiple unresolved components we conclude that g11180058 is a molecular core complex with bulk properties very similar to irdcs in an early but not pristine star forming state the individual cores are close to virial equilibrium and some contain sufficient material to form massive stars and star clusters the ambient conditions suggest that turbulence is involved in supporting the cores against gravitational collapse | [['in', 'the', 'inner', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'galaxy', 'the', 'infrared', 'dark', 'clouds', 'irdcs', 'are', 'presently', 'believed', 'to', 'be', 'the', 'progenitors', 'of', 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709.062 | Asymptotic normality for the counting process of weak records and
\delta-records in discrete models | Let $\{X_n,n\ge1\}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed
random variables, taking non-negative integer values, and call $X_n$ a
$\delta$-record if $X_n>\max\{X_1,...,X_{n-1}\}+\delta$, where $\delta$ is an
integer constant. We use martingale arguments to show that the counting process
of $\delta$-records among the first $n$ observations, suitably centered and
scaled, is asymptotically normally distributed for $\delta\ne0$. In particular,
taking $\delta=-1$ we obtain a central limit theorem for the number of weak
records.
| math.PR | let x_nnge1 be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables taking nonnegative integer values and call x_n a deltarecord if x_nmaxx_1x_n1delta where delta is an integer constant we use martingale arguments to show that the counting process of deltarecords among the first n observations suitably centered and scaled is asymptotically normally distributed for deltane0 in particular taking delta1 we obtain a central limit theorem for the number of weak records | [['let', 'x_nnge1', 'be', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'independent', 'and', 'identically', 'distributed', 'random', 'variables', 'taking', 'nonnegative', 'integer', 'values', 'and', 'call', 'x_n', 'a', 'deltarecord', 'if', 'x_nmaxx_1x_n1delta', 'where', 'delta', 'is', 'an', 'integer', 'constant', 'we', 'use', 'martingale', 'arguments', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'counting', 'process', 'of', 'deltarecords', 'among', 'the', 'first', 'n', 'observations', 'suitably', 'centered', 'and', 'scaled', 'is', 'asymptotically', 'normally', 'distributed', 'for', 'deltane0', 'in', 'particular', 'taking', 'delta1', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'central', 'limit', 'theorem', 'for', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'weak', 'records']] | [-0.17973953845507618, 0.18091630937949468, -0.09040718378304545, 0.0032786570791358827, -0.040066319121631666, -0.175417302906124, 0.0707635487196967, 0.3432626680874113, -0.31435760694430837, -0.21922706611065276, 0.13365558307416348, -0.2898122971849655, -0.08014177473317553, 0.16542499429031984, -0.08655063787808837, -0.003580879287771644, 0.02437927869301456, 0.06721762188974378, -0.0004723278645759643, -0.26382138803879274, 0.28450865647060547, -0.04219075930374327, 0.2097918056646612, -0.028629964106340906, 0.1304453507399381, 0.09467803351859104, -0.013877635244836114, 0.051084708822057096, -0.11684504287969408, 0.055535172282565215, 0.2554632575084358, 0.0896184268769584, 0.3217151551437912, -0.38392898251316443, -0.09503351349327992, 0.22033514119267686, 0.17498071519518965, 0.004811416366207066, -0.004342229571193457, -0.219321496617883, 0.17925605380824253, -0.07897213626646006, -0.14449383210696615, -0.04953724024956351, 0.08303074302402005, 0.08501505722472472, -0.4210179841229275, 0.033281683247647624, 0.10099532464241136, 0.01846093149445673, -0.01902466409391404, -0.16685274375408, 0.02515126490242668, 0.1106324346958479, 0.032610669863712624, 0.038045425475366525, 0.05747500156511122, -0.019785600728285845, -0.08681662925588551, 0.3214256299047995, -0.08886368866009053, -0.22382264931811324, 0.04427505383935215, -0.16027272648330945, -0.21021581657314256, 0.06217486266943334, 0.14734350511832023, 0.1571900743935535, -0.13166055318190537, 0.16054634407680454, -0.10038727239719522, 0.18101962014977166, 0.06130003000595676, 0.03389504408019025, 0.2093189068333204, 0.0808129646961313, 0.1152709432001879, 0.12966046874140347, -0.05291535840856273, -0.09356569484877053, -0.3536483304046873, -0.13753545489996227, -0.28843456349655316, 0.16005208611196436, -0.21057754430382117, -0.19695901286913386, 0.2700500607824148, 0.1254565113835704, 0.229887878980988, 0.16022502904785657, 0.22253300755548833, 0.1961243374606789, -0.03474693510111477, 0.11673105256492967, 0.08325150486693453, 0.1631785178584839, 0.03091589041721465, -0.10603746149772361, 0.03599859541282058, 0.09249514718748518] |
709.0621 | Strong size evolution of the most massive galaxies since z~2 | Using the combined capabilities of the large near-infrared Palomar/DEEP-2
survey, and the superb resolution of the ACS HST camera, we explore the size
evolution of 831 very massive galaxies (M*>10^{11}h_{70}^{-2}M_sun) since z~2.
We split our sample according to their light concentration using the Sersic
index n. At a given stellar mass, both low (n<2.5) and high (n>2.5)
concentrated objects were much smaller in the past than their local massive
counterparts. This evolution is particularly strong for the highly concentrated
(spheroid-like) objects. At z~1.5, massive spheroid-like objects were a factor
of 4(+-0.4) smaller (i.e. almost two orders of magnitudes denser) than those we
see today. These small sized, high mass galaxies do not exist in the nearby
Universe, suggesting that this population merged with other galaxies over
several billion years to form the largest galaxies we see today.
| astro-ph | using the combined capabilities of the large nearinfrared palomardeep2 survey and the superb resolution of the acs hst camera we explore the size evolution of 831 very massive galaxies m1011h_702m_sun since z2 we split our sample according to their light concentration using the sersic index n at a given stellar mass both low n25 and high n25 concentrated objects were much smaller in the past than their local massive counterparts this evolution is particularly strong for the highly concentrated spheroidlike objects at z15 massive spheroidlike objects were a factor of 404 smaller ie almost two orders of magnitudes denser than those we see today these small sized high mass galaxies do not exist in the nearby universe suggesting that this population merged with other galaxies over several billion years to form the largest galaxies we see today | [['using', 'the', 'combined', 'capabilities', 'of', 'the', 'large', 'nearinfrared', 'palomardeep2', 'survey', 'and', 'the', 'superb', 'resolution', 'of', 'the', 'acs', 'hst', 'camera', 'we', 'explore', 'the', 'size', 'evolution', 'of', '831', 'very', 'massive', 'galaxies', 'm1011h_702m_sun', 'since', 'z2', 'we', 'split', 'our', 'sample', 'according', 'to', 'their', 'light', 'concentration', 'using', 'the', 'sersic', 'index', 'n', 'at', 'a', 'given', 'stellar', 'mass', 'both', 'low', 'n25', 'and', 'high', 'n25', 'concentrated', 'objects', 'were', 'much', 'smaller', 'in', 'the', 'past', 'than', 'their', 'local', 'massive', 'counterparts', 'this', 'evolution', 'is', 'particularly', 'strong', 'for', 'the', 'highly', 'concentrated', 'spheroidlike', 'objects', 'at', 'z15', 'massive', 'spheroidlike', 'objects', 'were', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '404', 'smaller', 'ie', 'almost', 'two', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitudes', 'denser', 'than', 'those', 'we', 'see', 'today', 'these', 'small', 'sized', 'high', 'mass', 'galaxies', 'do', 'not', 'exist', 'in', 'the', 'nearby', 'universe', 'suggesting', 'that', 'this', 'population', 'merged', 'with', 'other', 'galaxies', 'over', 'several', 'billion', 'years', 'to', 'form', 'the', 'largest', 'galaxies', 'we', 'see', 'today']] | [-0.07327296469456461, 0.12253769005046171, -0.06843114531297675, 0.11232555546945043, -0.07853081800653051, -0.05690461406073369, 0.003512275421492043, 0.43757790951606107, -0.1119391007540638, -0.40588777431848405, 0.0815310027623234, -0.30907974991029785, -0.02041525934028494, 0.18915402970828032, -0.03250642578196301, -0.04396949428069895, 0.043243069580057636, -0.053884524516487384, -0.05655665246269885, -0.36118832176982646, 0.2836858860528617, 0.05999412230106399, 0.20447564024396023, -0.11196751288918998, 0.05623584770707085, -0.05994843947358758, -0.10170058628051158, 0.023786364134727647, -0.1391637063166747, 0.08451559919151752, 0.2234792640532867, 0.10456177115317106, 0.27141398354433477, -0.3737937074514882, -0.15191217643201954, 0.12248701433760717, 0.2244785851696232, 0.06074408651329577, -0.0919752735815778, -0.25092909367830385, 0.1477262702469221, -0.17061531540992506, -0.1620630416608251, 0.05608115493412376, 0.05893988301977515, 0.001712486202664235, -0.14878416051814222, 0.14555228978861123, -0.010755714422831422, 0.0872911365586333, -0.08244014862130451, -0.1477843082496239, -0.06486677682636689, 0.10832621527643983, -0.01483944627483759, 0.030878299711998004, 0.1725127454033902, -0.18657162587624043, 0.013715122142457403, 0.39383940546609025, -0.045089970251437454, -0.013419847053763293, 0.2875695264451411, -0.26065698876011406, -0.16540873184909716, 0.13639901516366723, 0.1782392151551047, 0.1639831283061058, -0.1313759219380753, 0.011512295546066632, -0.019123707695946318, 0.23915847111065353, 0.07336912778726615, 0.11383769032288589, 0.28427729331066504, 0.12250863364212872, 0.05369194827610901, 0.05016296174118692, -0.15038009881733588, -0.036475612194729314, -0.17267788003664464, -0.11102845071582124, -0.1404703007874024, 0.09914439010293898, -0.17563395192893735, -0.10069357528118417, 0.3196936411088031, 0.1062810329193085, 0.24290219241897026, 0.11224461709720987, 0.2764561105355182, 0.055790968134020014, 0.18247101018684642, 0.13265081507030546, 0.29475847659084725, 0.09526861009448219, 0.08946849833335042, -0.15630707346024472, -0.0036104338188820027, -0.04419807475299903] |
709.0622 | Poisson-type deviation inequalities for curved continuous-time Markov
chains | In this paper, we present new Poisson-type deviation inequalities for
continuous-time Markov chains whose Wasserstein curvature or $\Gamma$-curvature
is bounded below. Although these two curvatures are equivalent for Brownian
motion on Riemannian manifolds, they are not comparable in discrete settings
and yield different deviation bounds. In the case of birth--death processes, we
provide some conditions on the transition rates of the associated generator for
such curvatures to be bounded below and we extend the deviation inequalities
established [An\'{e}, C. and Ledoux, M. On logarithmic Sobolev inequalities for
continuous time random walks on graphs. Probab. Theory Related Fields 116
(2000) 573--602] for continuous-time random walks, seen as models in null
curvature. Some applications of these tail estimates are given for
Brownian-driven Ornstein--Uhlenbeck processes and $M/M/1$ queues.
| math.PR | in this paper we present new poissontype deviation inequalities for continuoustime markov chains whose wasserstein curvature or gammacurvature is bounded below although these two curvatures are equivalent for brownian motion on riemannian manifolds they are not comparable in discrete settings and yield different deviation bounds in the case of birthdeath processes we provide some conditions on the transition rates of the associated generator for such curvatures to be bounded below and we extend the deviation inequalities established ane c and ledoux m on logarithmic sobolev inequalities for continuous time random walks on graphs probab theory related fields 116 2000 573602 for continuoustime random walks seen as models in null curvature some applications of these tail estimates are given for browniandriven ornsteinuhlenbeck processes and mm1 queues | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'new', 'poissontype', 'deviation', 'inequalities', 'for', 'continuoustime', 'markov', 'chains', 'whose', 'wasserstein', 'curvature', 'or', 'gammacurvature', 'is', 'bounded', 'below', 'although', 'these', 'two', 'curvatures', 'are', 'equivalent', 'for', 'brownian', 'motion', 'on', 'riemannian', 'manifolds', 'they', 'are', 'not', 'comparable', 'in', 'discrete', 'settings', 'and', 'yield', 'different', 'deviation', 'bounds', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'birthdeath', 'processes', 'we', 'provide', 'some', 'conditions', 'on', 'the', 'transition', 'rates', 'of', 'the', 'associated', 'generator', 'for', 'such', 'curvatures', 'to', 'be', 'bounded', 'below', 'and', 'we', 'extend', 'the', 'deviation', 'inequalities', 'established', 'ane', 'c', 'and', 'ledoux', 'm', 'on', 'logarithmic', 'sobolev', 'inequalities', 'for', 'continuous', 'time', 'random', 'walks', 'on', 'graphs', 'probab', 'theory', 'related', 'fields', '116', '2000', '573602', 'for', 'continuoustime', 'random', 'walks', 'seen', 'as', 'models', 'in', 'null', 'curvature', 'some', 'applications', 'of', 'these', 'tail', 'estimates', 'are', 'given', 'for', 'browniandriven', 'ornsteinuhlenbeck', 'processes', 'and', 'mm1', 'queues']] | [-0.09950502485233714, 0.15980367995306424, -0.02913833713126785, 0.1374984546299509, -0.04745652570343781, -0.18534063371806975, 0.012241744921150868, 0.41548861505660584, -0.2774991848453031, -0.22753002214798235, 0.1691421797741356, -0.30494226443361705, -0.11411882451796011, 0.23510090453262494, -0.13798287876207777, 0.10330397766689217, 0.01999115054987795, 0.026756457165044514, -0.02965333454814414, -0.24305139035289366, 0.3055856334522548, -0.02361282319392691, 0.19652339898246696, 0.039589895757021216, 0.0945434449164848, -0.041317198258953365, -0.00804135465721895, 0.010368480358454512, -0.22381855130225906, 0.10628378889864175, 0.21690012459450697, 0.04572645973838199, 0.24571749410493587, -0.3988100714163809, -0.220215330400118, 0.17041649233087958, 0.10131013085611346, 0.03293757894401991, -0.012488437733211653, -0.3419572119487495, 0.04694409908090786, -0.06295039920075758, -0.11235195189350988, -0.056149918926743474, 0.014960310883759483, 0.08183761531623399, -0.29667098978080036, 0.1414403044542949, 0.13773128042485927, 0.08022697982321517, -0.054915719646657625, -0.1715802301471008, 0.014840817571110358, 0.07638102815849934, 0.05039015315223213, -0.023203586016183463, 0.13889196605565465, -0.04045917583455339, -0.19355083559829045, 0.2954913764071416, -0.10789131939343018, -0.2553454649339362, 0.16335711950754248, -0.16382041980126283, -0.1976720860826109, 0.10193430539220572, 0.23259740240296456, 0.1487395649461636, -0.16718486248235392, 0.13572131300049767, -0.010807412782990624, 0.036710614603527675, 0.10213480564591483, 0.03936484876293235, 0.09331926397555243, 0.07109676103289353, 0.14657589858322123, 0.12007119197197773, -0.029505349028423975, -0.20244828594197345, -0.3621925038524063, -0.16639978956900597, -0.20448546382840874, 0.12364401805748863, -0.19183932904606474, -0.18539779685055308, 0.2937003933271863, 0.11070356724785671, 0.17376401534349453, 0.21599765822321662, 0.14359170409313182, 0.1366342311238537, -0.01767919423357712, 0.1262138850794825, 0.17097126045387345, 0.2243537938949175, 0.11476448631837843, -0.08449391725026374, 0.0889132221047653, 0.10763771014313622] |
709.0623 | Evaporation and condensation of spherical interstellar clouds.
Self-consistent models with saturated heat conduction and cooling | Shortened version: The fate of IS clouds embedded in a hot tenuous medium
depends on whether the clouds suffer from evaporation or whether material
condensates onto them. Analytical solutions for the rate of evaporative mass
loss from an isolated spherical cloud embedded in a hot tenuous gas are deduced
by Cowie & McKee (1977). In order to test the validity of the analytical
results for more realistic IS conditions the full hydrodynamical equations must
be treated. Therefore, 2D numerical simulations of the evolution of IS clouds
%are performed with different internal density structures and surrounded by a
hot plasma reservoir. Self-gravity, interstellar heating and cooling effects
and heat conduction by electrons are added. Classical thermal conductivity of a
fully ionized hydrogen plasma and saturated heat flux are considered. Using
pure hydrodynamics and classical heat flux we can reproduce the analytical
results. Heat flux saturation reduces the evaporation rate by one order of
magnitude below the analytical value. The evolution changes totally for more
realistic conditions when interstellar heating and cooling effects stabilize
the self-gravity. Evaporation then turns into condensation, because the
additional energy by heat conduction can be transported away from the interface
and radiated off efficiently from the cloud's inner parts. I.e. that the
saturated heat flux consideration is inevitable for IS clouds embedded in hot
tenuous gas. Various consequences are discussed in the paper.
| astro-ph | shortened version the fate of is clouds embedded in a hot tenuous medium depends on whether the clouds suffer from evaporation or whether material condensates onto them analytical solutions for the rate of evaporative mass loss from an isolated spherical cloud embedded in a hot tenuous gas are deduced by cowie mckee 1977 in order to test the validity of the analytical results for more realistic is conditions the full hydrodynamical equations must be treated therefore 2d numerical simulations of the evolution of is clouds are performed with different internal density structures and surrounded by a hot plasma reservoir selfgravity interstellar heating and cooling effects and heat conduction by electrons are added classical thermal conductivity of a fully ionized hydrogen plasma and saturated heat flux are considered using pure hydrodynamics and classical heat flux we can reproduce the analytical results heat flux saturation reduces the evaporation rate by one order of magnitude below the analytical value the evolution changes totally for more realistic conditions when interstellar heating and cooling effects stabilize the selfgravity evaporation then turns into condensation because the additional energy by heat conduction can be transported away from the interface and radiated off efficiently from the clouds inner parts ie that the saturated heat flux consideration is inevitable for is clouds embedded in hot tenuous gas various consequences are discussed in the paper | [['shortened', 'version', 'the', 'fate', 'of', 'is', 'clouds', 'embedded', 'in', 'a', 'hot', 'tenuous', 'medium', 'depends', 'on', 'whether', 'the', 'clouds', 'suffer', 'from', 'evaporation', 'or', 'whether', 'material', 'condensates', 'onto', 'them', 'analytical', 'solutions', 'for', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'evaporative', 'mass', 'loss', 'from', 'an', 'isolated', 'spherical', 'cloud', 'embedded', 'in', 'a', 'hot', 'tenuous', 'gas', 'are', 'deduced', 'by', 'cowie', 'mckee', '1977', 'in', 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709.0624 | On Faster Integer Calculations using Non-Arithmetic Primitives | The unit cost model is both convenient and largely realistic for describing
integer decision algorithms over (+,*). Additional operations like division
with remainder or bitwise conjunction, although equally supported by computing
hardware, may lead to a considerable drop in complexity. We show a variety of
concrete problems to benefit from such NON-arithmetic primitives by presenting
and analyzing corresponding fast algorithms.
| cs.DS | the unit cost model is both convenient and largely realistic for describing integer decision algorithms over additional operations like division with remainder or bitwise conjunction although equally supported by computing hardware may lead to a considerable drop in complexity we show a variety of concrete problems to benefit from such nonarithmetic primitives by presenting and analyzing corresponding fast algorithms | [['the', 'unit', 'cost', 'model', 'is', 'both', 'convenient', 'and', 'largely', 'realistic', 'for', 'describing', 'integer', 'decision', 'algorithms', 'over', 'additional', 'operations', 'like', 'division', 'with', 'remainder', 'or', 'bitwise', 'conjunction', 'although', 'equally', 'supported', 'by', 'computing', 'hardware', 'may', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'considerable', 'drop', 'in', 'complexity', 'we', 'show', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'concrete', 'problems', 'to', 'benefit', 'from', 'such', 'nonarithmetic', 'primitives', 'by', 'presenting', 'and', 'analyzing', 'corresponding', 'fast', 'algorithms']] | [-0.1308752681539094, 0.052580613554139635, -0.05168723298820777, 0.07145728168701279, -0.08686330337550933, -0.2044504866224982, 0.09869998435379337, 0.41326150894796443, -0.29978253004156935, -0.3277229780994229, 0.1707835509343136, -0.20605666818633928, -0.18342844402551714, 0.3053184355790648, -0.13408258141381507, 0.09150086529552937, 0.08848361802776739, -0.012205943204778231, -0.07434044335278193, -0.25282910290979227, 0.25067658154974626, 0.05113396913570873, 0.23658683856601936, 0.015757948357485615, 0.08368969256437178, 0.03810836564970471, -0.06668969972248552, 0.03924318544282499, -0.037769451011287966, 0.13245860872379803, 0.30224237559457956, 0.17796307260770414, 0.29088335926249875, -0.49333272905925574, -0.17582788684610592, 0.10794068033949046, 0.15165711397904966, 0.09109452134787531, -0.0650467652417088, -0.22668284884953904, 0.08045876847769497, -0.1980038825106823, -0.06739133541172339, -0.144882862807362, 0.006697054494614318, 0.013531668091950527, -0.29198819581987495, -0.020053580545394096, 0.04127908356771883, 0.09382160225541773, -0.01927899072041451, -0.15840177779417422, 0.05049186659250724, 0.09198577687641511, 0.0024474381994045637, 0.03878631003958694, 0.13785167427544118, -0.1208288624125012, -0.18467876360893754, 0.39339191018272257, 0.005805436742760368, -0.21724780002940383, 0.22322433460819519, -0.07222378471771539, -0.14159047119792992, 0.15011152702431052, 0.19849752501774012, 0.019866429873094973, -0.11199116922315147, 0.0930041767305584, 0.010571072035926884, 0.16266289727872837, 0.08442879877037417, 0.042056536526908564, 0.19116825544101707, 0.160415563191745, 0.051365457175267956, 0.16662049615534685, 0.025585356563077134, -0.13959667547527005, -0.24067294949634097, -0.14303146511063738, -0.17149133170497113, 0.02732772382481371, -0.11236292536526335, -0.1732888514397003, 0.3286064438742854, 0.08339012454666386, 0.173646004018137, 0.10723402485314568, 0.3433932499107668, 0.1059531576742055, 0.11631699171611819, 0.10839479739414686, 0.10122288019254298, 0.039246341395112926, 0.04655288997840262, -0.1466890798479129, 0.08233828006028118, 0.025992334804545016] |
709.0625 | Efficient Implementation of the AI-REML Iteration for Variance Component
QTL Analysis | Regions in the genome that affect complex traits, quantitative trait loci
(QTL), can be identified using statistical analysis of genetic and phenotypic
data. When restricted maximum-likelihood (REML) models are used, the mapping
procedure is normally computationally demanding. We develop a new efficient
computational scheme for QTL mapping using variance component analysis and the
AI-REML algorithm. The algorithm uses an exact or approximative low-rank
representation of the identity-by-descent matrix, which combined with the
Woodbury formula for matrix inversion results in that the computations in the
AI-REML iteration body can be performed more efficiently. For cases where an
exact low-rank representation of the IBD matrix is available a-priori, the
improved AI-REML algorithm normally runs almost twice as fast compared to the
standard version. When an exact low-rank representation is not available, a
truncated spectral decomposition is used to determine a low-rank approximation.
We show that also in this case, the computational efficiency of the AI-REML
scheme can often be significantly improved.
| q-bio.QM q-bio.OT | regions in the genome that affect complex traits quantitative trait loci qtl can be identified using statistical analysis of genetic and phenotypic data when restricted maximumlikelihood reml models are used the mapping procedure is normally computationally demanding we develop a new efficient computational scheme for qtl mapping using variance component analysis and the aireml algorithm the algorithm uses an exact or approximative lowrank representation of the identitybydescent matrix which combined with the woodbury formula for matrix inversion results in that the computations in the aireml iteration body can be performed more efficiently for cases where an exact lowrank representation of the ibd matrix is available apriori the improved aireml algorithm normally runs almost twice as fast compared to the standard version when an exact lowrank representation is not available a truncated spectral decomposition is used to determine a lowrank approximation we show that also in this case the computational efficiency of the aireml scheme can often be significantly improved | [['regions', 'in', 'the', 'genome', 'that', 'affect', 'complex', 'traits', 'quantitative', 'trait', 'loci', 'qtl', 'can', 'be', 'identified', 'using', 'statistical', 'analysis', 'of', 'genetic', 'and', 'phenotypic', 'data', 'when', 'restricted', 'maximumlikelihood', 'reml', 'models', 'are', 'used', 'the', 'mapping', 'procedure', 'is', 'normally', 'computationally', 'demanding', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'new', 'efficient', 'computational', 'scheme', 'for', 'qtl', 'mapping', 'using', 'variance', 'component', 'analysis', 'and', 'the', 'aireml', 'algorithm', 'the', 'algorithm', 'uses', 'an', 'exact', 'or', 'approximative', 'lowrank', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'identitybydescent', 'matrix', 'which', 'combined', 'with', 'the', 'woodbury', 'formula', 'for', 'matrix', 'inversion', 'results', 'in', 'that', 'the', 'computations', 'in', 'the', 'aireml', 'iteration', 'body', 'can', 'be', 'performed', 'more', 'efficiently', 'for', 'cases', 'where', 'an', 'exact', 'lowrank', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'ibd', 'matrix', 'is', 'available', 'apriori', 'the', 'improved', 'aireml', 'algorithm', 'normally', 'runs', 'almost', 'twice', 'as', 'fast', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'standard', 'version', 'when', 'an', 'exact', 'lowrank', 'representation', 'is', 'not', 'available', 'a', 'truncated', 'spectral', 'decomposition', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'determine', 'a', 'lowrank', 'approximation', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'also', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'computational', 'efficiency', 'of', 'the', 'aireml', 'scheme', 'can', 'often', 'be', 'significantly', 'improved']] | [-0.0350116134157006, 0.00013006452583406213, -0.1273782531139236, 0.12045157875253602, -0.07402386231957085, -0.1592682879564569, 0.05133760565490632, 0.4053751211964859, -0.2943712708294251, -0.2723930187335929, 0.13852835560814952, -0.2049830640203454, -0.1904743045243382, 0.20198540122295092, -0.07445954423948373, 0.0725116732987171, 0.14196141876731325, 0.0273131852700088, -0.07385795652930795, -0.2420559764939284, 0.21628867016091896, 0.09507033627175684, 0.2849356847033256, -0.04364365077600961, 0.0947375453828465, 0.00902829150253403, -0.054718003649288006, 0.008813909198671017, -0.06413867109547239, 0.16101399523428636, 0.29740264742158273, 0.21127901366859111, 0.26392172548170173, -0.40963301820235337, -0.1718020670807118, 0.14755927590044132, 0.21076809173799851, 0.1385902748919098, -0.015472368093126207, -0.2562695308251646, 0.10450805405904569, -0.16392065337771233, -0.0722798451125247, -0.15681223584040296, -0.06592862287817418, -0.026855621184515267, -0.3497850382495554, 0.10642747760661761, -0.0004454355257850304, 0.05710425363771571, -0.026910768596326594, -0.1705660733859986, 0.04375302539728348, 0.11146246511877204, 0.04607415988263579, 0.033155084031183016, 0.1155772016730757, -0.07096661115797388, -0.0907652998568619, 0.3432777505075126, -0.05935074430641443, -0.259579008629651, 0.1500677183920623, -0.0700988001863724, -0.15925729386039875, 0.1743926057568605, 0.16227271034160434, 0.13792853511477463, -0.16178419680350004, 0.09135821240781308, -0.05560922892485985, 0.21477130768709354, 0.008356746857247825, -0.045180095350896975, 0.08032103241516465, 0.14417067659526783, 0.08422295240986999, 0.109369985225505, -0.08082437350373692, -0.07724815455364918, -0.22300576384079718, -0.1477764492317062, -0.22722317757371976, -0.017769231952916475, -0.16478620543977124, -0.17682241717552613, 0.37531206168031356, 0.12036127920127795, 0.1651661094891657, 0.09676729116380894, 0.34615557653677165, 0.13356112786378335, 0.0637119849133393, 0.09639959457424124, 0.16297705463315332, 0.10844165239037958, 0.03028920002584785, -0.2178011992975554, 0.11697504244621773, 0.11221143536843688] |
709.0626 | Consistency and robustness of kernel-based regression in convex risk
minimization | We investigate statistical properties for a broad class of modern
kernel-based regression (KBR) methods. These kernel methods were developed
during the last decade and are inspired by convex risk minimization in
infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. One leading example is support vector
regression. We first describe the relationship between the loss function $L$ of
the KBR method and the tail of the response variable. We then establish the
$L$-risk consistency for KBR which gives the mathematical justification for the
statement that these methods are able to ``learn''. Then we consider robustness
properties of such kernel methods. In particular, our results allow us to
choose the loss function and the kernel to obtain computationally tractable and
consistent KBR methods that have bounded influence functions. Furthermore,
bounds for the bias and for the sensitivity curve, which is a finite sample
version of the influence function, are developed, and the relationship between
KBR and classical $M$ estimators is discussed.
| math.ST stat.TH | we investigate statistical properties for a broad class of modern kernelbased regression kbr methods these kernel methods were developed during the last decade and are inspired by convex risk minimization in infinitedimensional hilbert spaces one leading example is support vector regression we first describe the relationship between the loss function l of the kbr method and the tail of the response variable we then establish the lrisk consistency for kbr which gives the mathematical justification for the statement that these methods are able to learn then we consider robustness properties of such kernel methods in particular our results allow us to choose the loss function and the kernel to obtain computationally tractable and consistent kbr methods that have bounded influence functions furthermore bounds for the bias and for the sensitivity curve which is a finite sample version of the influence function are developed and the relationship between kbr and classical m estimators is discussed | [['we', 'investigate', 'statistical', 'properties', 'for', 'a', 'broad', 'class', 'of', 'modern', 'kernelbased', 'regression', 'kbr', 'methods', 'these', 'kernel', 'methods', 'were', 'developed', 'during', 'the', 'last', 'decade', 'and', 'are', 'inspired', 'by', 'convex', 'risk', 'minimization', 'in', 'infinitedimensional', 'hilbert', 'spaces', 'one', 'leading', 'example', 'is', 'support', 'vector', 'regression', 'we', 'first', 'describe', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'the', 'loss', 'function', 'l', 'of', 'the', 'kbr', 'method', 'and', 'the', 'tail', 'of', 'the', 'response', 'variable', 'we', 'then', 'establish', 'the', 'lrisk', 'consistency', 'for', 'kbr', 'which', 'gives', 'the', 'mathematical', 'justification', 'for', 'the', 'statement', 'that', 'these', 'methods', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'learn', 'then', 'we', 'consider', 'robustness', 'properties', 'of', 'such', 'kernel', 'methods', 'in', 'particular', 'our', 'results', 'allow', 'us', 'to', 'choose', 'the', 'loss', 'function', 'and', 'the', 'kernel', 'to', 'obtain', 'computationally', 'tractable', 'and', 'consistent', 'kbr', 'methods', 'that', 'have', 'bounded', 'influence', 'functions', 'furthermore', 'bounds', 'for', 'the', 'bias', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'curve', 'which', 'is', 'a', 'finite', 'sample', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'influence', 'function', 'are', 'developed', 'and', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'kbr', 'and', 'classical', 'm', 'estimators', 'is', 'discussed']] | [-0.009565050299796794, 0.008578625878964375, -0.12029503964137261, 0.12301317954761604, -0.09999868043034879, -0.14746230267280458, 0.036190269352089056, 0.42820519298388093, -0.2775006424635649, -0.2604930759864111, 0.12937731336683547, -0.27128615561154446, -0.18659003670601285, 0.20166463982405178, -0.07651801694342805, 0.12170603147592225, 0.03994332777041017, 0.0010187249201550788, -0.12380728396751425, -0.2820229777332785, 0.3292051009252497, 0.021014610725436724, 0.2807547266540282, 0.05532214374226682, 0.11314405759646606, 0.02417631353878605, -0.04079359344334579, 0.01834711892031182, -0.17711752553037108, 0.15458840320458989, 0.2580692635581287, 0.14452838649656746, 0.33611151488996993, -0.39028489591036974, -0.213936318934049, 0.13454148745517325, 0.07430959700795463, 0.03418659578759248, -0.018253356449646888, -0.2230908203127435, 0.08085970280865463, -0.15158136388335644, -0.10126633812168162, -0.13570310280725262, -0.0012700200123481112, 0.04408146006974325, -0.30540090563153127, 0.07910320441561197, 0.07462069024849269, 0.05197658670420935, -0.07562815711462224, -0.15058094997178106, 0.03445205750290816, 0.10012284113288997, 0.05763520790778368, 0.009225942121416914, 0.09075158203227653, -0.09238253115962436, -0.08905270978735358, 0.2962489614104913, -0.06705329083233426, -0.2303352968560325, 0.19485029819865826, -0.11556762413066976, -0.12295594827722442, 0.08499558644332722, 0.19628678166666647, 0.12620063064874035, -0.1484382061555592, 0.09041007548864334, -0.03460750164573684, 0.12475089611351685, 0.02649266125019518, 0.027999348177580662, 0.1115919547520724, 0.15132581167230444, 0.06699788885258041, 0.16209884840246364, -0.10118800721106917, -0.07600037901003365, -0.28548413344652823, -0.1677596397649229, -0.16434690842916275, -0.023782683852938264, -0.10417494906983384, -0.17532403732764495, 0.3917755714550712, 0.14910464924174283, 0.20623754506650704, 0.12098599102475918, 0.2558699736335114, 0.1397966669813054, 0.03658734039126536, 0.07202521090858366, 0.2350556169593938, 0.16401512903356133, 0.04394667075179955, -0.1822803254951449, 0.11850619131358328, 0.09343191191089549] |
709.0627 | On It\^{o}'s formula for elliptic diffusion processes | Bardina and Jolis [Stochastic process. Appl. 69 (1997) 83--109] prove an
extension of It\^{o}'s formula for $F(X_t,t)$, where $F(x,t)$ has a locally
square-integrable derivative in $x$ that satisfies a mild continuity condition
in $t$ and $X$ is a one-dimensional diffusion process such that the law of
$X_t$ has a density satisfying certain properties. This formula was expressed
using quadratic covariation. Following the ideas of Eisenbaum [Potential Anal.
13 (2000) 303--328] concerning Brownian motion, we show that one can re-express
this formula using integration over space and time with respect to local times
in place of quadratic covariation. We also show that when the function $F$ has
a locally integrable derivative in $t$, we can avoid the mild continuity
condition in $t$ for the derivative of $F$ in $x$.
| math.PR | bardina and jolis stochastic process appl 69 1997 83109 prove an extension of itos formula for fx_tt where fxt has a locally squareintegrable derivative in x that satisfies a mild continuity condition in t and x is a onedimensional diffusion process such that the law of x_t has a density satisfying certain properties this formula was expressed using quadratic covariation following the ideas of eisenbaum potential anal 13 2000 303328 concerning brownian motion we show that one can reexpress this formula using integration over space and time with respect to local times in place of quadratic covariation we also show that when the function f has a locally integrable derivative in t we can avoid the mild continuity condition in t for the derivative of f in x | [['bardina', 'and', 'jolis', 'stochastic', 'process', 'appl', '69', '1997', '83109', 'prove', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'itos', 'formula', 'for', 'fx_tt', 'where', 'fxt', 'has', 'a', 'locally', 'squareintegrable', 'derivative', 'in', 'x', 'that', 'satisfies', 'a', 'mild', 'continuity', 'condition', 'in', 't', 'and', 'x', 'is', 'a', 'onedimensional', 'diffusion', 'process', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'law', 'of', 'x_t', 'has', 'a', 'density', 'satisfying', 'certain', 'properties', 'this', 'formula', 'was', 'expressed', 'using', 'quadratic', 'covariation', 'following', 'the', 'ideas', 'of', 'eisenbaum', 'potential', 'anal', '13', '2000', '303328', 'concerning', 'brownian', 'motion', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'one', 'can', 'reexpress', 'this', 'formula', 'using', 'integration', 'over', 'space', 'and', 'time', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'local', 'times', 'in', 'place', 'of', 'quadratic', 'covariation', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'that', 'when', 'the', 'function', 'f', 'has', 'a', 'locally', 'integrable', 'derivative', 'in', 't', 'we', 'can', 'avoid', 'the', 'mild', 'continuity', 'condition', 'in', 't', 'for', 'the', 'derivative', 'of', 'f', 'in', 'x']] | [-0.1408838994987309, 0.07518976516381372, -0.1293373477095738, 0.024613989817124093, -0.07320345433428883, -0.11014709743857384, 0.026933698754757644, 0.35764973021112384, -0.3114596876502037, -0.2168641263828613, 0.10307772703282535, -0.24842505192384123, -0.15384435012936593, 0.17562227469682692, -0.11310325636155903, 0.03239499559625983, 0.011593507286161184, 0.07303436781466008, -0.09084910499677062, -0.2568145964331925, 0.2692308271676302, -0.03238243215531111, 0.18914081771299243, 0.031868084341287614, 0.20270442993566393, 0.028012613974511623, -0.0025563156025018544, -0.021311927419388667, -0.17749022926134056, 0.053335512064397336, 0.20463903195783495, 0.058592998003587124, 0.320708182990551, -0.3731307903453708, -0.19682795882970094, 0.17127645203471184, 0.06938844782277011, -0.024328549295663835, -0.014987131733447314, -0.24873178440332414, 0.11736708930321038, -0.14096373692154884, -0.16898030672222375, -0.06844485399872065, 0.12246492142230272, 0.057812861256301404, -0.3567085339650512, 0.147361875055125, 0.13266062392294406, 0.048177766684442756, -0.08267806088738143, -0.09512148477882147, -0.06478074012324214, 0.0015552518584299832, 0.03588526480412111, 0.09098296765238047, 0.07523172153532505, -0.07484120448306203, -0.09374083762615919, 0.3055457240715623, -0.17247044114070012, -0.23511666082032026, 0.1397507296167314, -0.18850849631801248, -0.17114617402106524, 0.10625413736178597, 0.11142224395088851, 0.14957313121977495, -0.18575671227893326, 0.24567052607098594, -0.06377679259423166, 0.09986816254793666, 0.13483514046669007, -0.026271114885807037, 0.077203189317137, 0.0876274974476546, 0.1138717475850135, 0.13182979989796878, -0.03769001263380051, -0.09291173278912902, -0.3744846427589655, -0.21053215304017067, -0.16363959168829023, 0.14697108616679908, -0.0975845154110575, -0.14299174901098013, 0.3063290771264583, 0.10464862782508134, 0.1930521790832281, 0.10665953941084444, 0.16500502728112043, 0.229133801035583, 0.0033650087267160416, 0.08249895122274756, 0.10869294534809887, 0.15013554554618896, 0.11141120836604386, -0.14671833747811616, 0.07870738521590828, 0.13103878303058444] |
709.0628 | Lagrangian Investigation of Two-Dimensional Decaying Turbulence | We present a numerical investigation of two-dimensional decaying turbulence
in the Lagrangian framework. Focusing on single particle statistics, we
investigate Lagrangian trajectories in a freely evolving turbulent velocity
field. The dynamical evolution of the tracer particles is strongly dominated by
the emergence and evolution of coherent structures. For a statistical analysis
we focus on the Lagrangian acceleration as a central quantity. For more
geometrical aspects we investigate the curvature along the trajectories. We
find strong signatures for self-similar universal behavior.
| physics.flu-dyn | we present a numerical investigation of twodimensional decaying turbulence in the lagrangian framework focusing on single particle statistics we investigate lagrangian trajectories in a freely evolving turbulent velocity field the dynamical evolution of the tracer particles is strongly dominated by the emergence and evolution of coherent structures for a statistical analysis we focus on the lagrangian acceleration as a central quantity for more geometrical aspects we investigate the curvature along the trajectories we find strong signatures for selfsimilar universal behavior | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'numerical', 'investigation', 'of', 'twodimensional', 'decaying', 'turbulence', 'in', 'the', 'lagrangian', 'framework', 'focusing', 'on', 'single', 'particle', 'statistics', 'we', 'investigate', 'lagrangian', 'trajectories', 'in', 'a', 'freely', 'evolving', 'turbulent', 'velocity', 'field', 'the', 'dynamical', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'tracer', 'particles', 'is', 'strongly', 'dominated', 'by', 'the', 'emergence', 'and', 'evolution', 'of', 'coherent', 'structures', 'for', 'a', 'statistical', 'analysis', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'lagrangian', 'acceleration', 'as', 'a', 'central', 'quantity', 'for', 'more', 'geometrical', 'aspects', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'curvature', 'along', 'the', 'trajectories', 'we', 'find', 'strong', 'signatures', 'for', 'selfsimilar', 'universal', 'behavior']] | [-0.1923049126911792, 0.1775083753396757, -0.14742147673096043, 0.11344788298738422, -0.032915364287327976, -0.06819286847749026, -0.052695961567224, 0.3361892501008697, -0.2547289612120949, -0.24885469797300175, 0.03217468303919304, -0.24161468567326666, -0.13357753948075696, 0.19734043207281501, 0.03818518379703164, 0.03532532332465053, 0.059000232419930396, 0.00503410913515836, -0.03998359740944579, -0.11080967129382771, 0.3540495281398762, 0.06919052507728338, 0.26403871101210824, 0.016464879817795007, 0.08977973494911566, 0.0011116353911347688, -0.07235068483860232, 0.07286299483530456, -0.23297802202869206, 0.06945527890929952, 0.1021606019407045, 0.08306492300471291, 0.25756061390275137, -0.41788967258762566, -0.2665097793447785, 0.06858091279282234, 0.1870092649365688, 0.12544608246535063, -0.10605939799079352, -0.27891659130109475, 0.04634001159574837, -0.1183547361753881, -0.17790720165357926, -0.07250267812632956, 0.021412559757300186, 0.04224619770830031, -0.19953597395215183, 0.11621574214659632, 0.05018398213833279, 0.1097248574369587, -0.061998173978645356, 0.010555022954940796, -0.009880583756603301, 0.07951632462791167, 0.04949733657704201, -0.01802721116109751, 0.20504793609143235, -0.18976979994913562, -0.07091320529580117, 0.41232560756616293, -0.11968875370948809, -0.23467438898514956, 0.20197905028471724, -0.16161196771427058, -0.16965770083479584, 0.12462644421029836, 0.24512081735010724, 0.1321486112778075, -0.13523001958965325, 0.07226348874610267, -0.053155620116740465, 0.13621528258081525, -0.01069364344002679, 0.014861739159096032, 0.25553324827924373, 0.19342552258749493, 0.03791092837927863, 0.13571237726573598, -0.10194606050499715, -0.19255717307096348, -0.3293227522401139, -0.17924370827677194, -0.1322013752302155, 0.06847757618088508, -0.07858399793021817, -0.19047520196181722, 0.43354282932705246, 0.12253036859910935, 0.2131286892457865, 0.03304033147578593, 0.2805856068851426, 0.10427015984751051, -0.019557381339836866, 0.10979606164910365, 0.25752373279538004, 0.1496773426682921, 0.102464612579206, -0.2363884298480116, 0.007763869449263439, 0.09644393922062591] |
709.0629 | Antisymmetric rank--2 tensor unparticle physics | We present the phenomenology of antisymmetric rank-2 tensor unparticle
operator ${\cal O}_{\cal U,A}^{\mu\nu}$ with scaling dimension $d_{\cal U}$. We
consider the physical effects of operator $O_{\cal U,A}^{\mu\nu}$ in $Z^0$
boson invisible decays $Z^0 \to {\cal U}$, $Z^0 \to b \bar{b}$ channel, the
electroweak precision observable $S$ parameter, and the muon anomalous magnetic
dipole moment. The $Z^0$ boson invisible decay gives a very stringent
constraint in the $(\Lambda_{\cal U}, M_{\cal U})$ plane, and only small $r
\equiv \Lambda_{\cal U} / M_{\cal U} \lesssim 0.1$ is favored, when
$\Lambda_{\cal U}$ is order of several 100 GeV. When the phenomenological
parameter $\mu$, which parameterizes the scale invariance breaking, goes to 0,
the $S$ parameter and the muon $(g-2)$ diverge for $1 < d_{\cal U} < 2$, while
for non-zero $\mu$, there will be constraints on $(\Lambda_{\cal U}, M_{\cal
U})$ which are more stringent than those obtained from collider experiments.
| hep-ph | we present the phenomenology of antisymmetric rank2 tensor unparticle operator cal o_cal uamunu with scaling dimension d_cal u we consider the physical effects of operator o_cal uamunu in z0 boson invisible decays z0 to cal u z0 to b barb channel the electroweak precision observable s parameter and the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment the z0 boson invisible decay gives a very stringent constraint in the lambda_cal u m_cal u plane and only small r equiv lambda_cal u m_cal u lesssim 01 is favored when lambda_cal u is order of several 100 gev when the phenomenological parameter mu which parameterizes the scale invariance breaking goes to 0 the s parameter and the muon g2 diverge for 1 d_cal u 2 while for nonzero mu there will be constraints on lambda_cal u m_cal u which are more stringent than those obtained from collider experiments | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'phenomenology', 'of', 'antisymmetric', 'rank2', 'tensor', 'unparticle', 'operator', 'cal', 'o_cal', 'uamunu', 'with', 'scaling', 'dimension', 'd_cal', 'u', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'physical', 'effects', 'of', 'operator', 'o_cal', 'uamunu', 'in', 'z0', 'boson', 'invisible', 'decays', 'z0', 'to', 'cal', 'u', 'z0', 'to', 'b', 'barb', 'channel', 'the', 'electroweak', 'precision', 'observable', 's', 'parameter', 'and', 'the', 'muon', 'anomalous', 'magnetic', 'dipole', 'moment', 'the', 'z0', 'boson', 'invisible', 'decay', 'gives', 'a', 'very', 'stringent', 'constraint', 'in', 'the', 'lambda_cal', 'u', 'm_cal', 'u', 'plane', 'and', 'only', 'small', 'r', 'equiv', 'lambda_cal', 'u', 'm_cal', 'u', 'lesssim', '01', 'is', 'favored', 'when', 'lambda_cal', 'u', 'is', 'order', 'of', 'several', '100', 'gev', 'when', 'the', 'phenomenological', 'parameter', 'mu', 'which', 'parameterizes', 'the', 'scale', 'invariance', 'breaking', 'goes', 'to', '0', 'the', 's', 'parameter', 'and', 'the', 'muon', 'g2', 'diverge', 'for', '1', 'd_cal', 'u', '2', 'while', 'for', 'nonzero', 'mu', 'there', 'will', 'be', 'constraints', 'on', 'lambda_cal', 'u', 'm_cal', 'u', 'which', 'are', 'more', 'stringent', 'than', 'those', 'obtained', 'from', 'collider', 'experiments']] | [-0.17636783994612093, 0.25772879847675456, 0.03539343689178638, 0.12410743043226262, -0.11280349663174744, -0.24403936312705649, 0.024585423589409957, 0.2756498242787858, -0.2505428969384508, -0.23438039987433887, 0.007519715828887114, -0.35879939877764977, 0.054237274510838776, 0.09976135975367914, 0.10735213006879632, 0.04806617043370791, 0.02434795213770782, 0.056554042212400873, -0.1068578983181493, -0.2173808554520976, 0.265692559698372, -0.04607134301823082, 0.12443448611739891, 0.07341433368319421, 0.055566000757104855, -0.03167851046982703, 0.029947914084062933, -0.0685474843262358, -0.2316286909915771, -0.010574142318978536, 0.1587330548956343, 0.060745944881626796, 0.15931943286183878, -0.313770697670097, -0.07826436374745999, 0.20428512494760095, 0.14650307334662277, -0.02359065318691498, 0.023091013933319752, -0.3366081372253491, 0.1343833550312127, -0.18525992023778406, -0.12155537273906541, -0.038030672425417404, 0.12490971880495971, -0.11133690369984214, -0.41870959232898153, 0.13605871689439825, -0.018463216462760425, 0.001829690349466623, 0.01467106145879267, -0.2319801565629582, -0.08576492062300867, -0.02520375412679112, 0.14281732989689797, 0.1951842589026436, 0.1415213378582229, -0.15110010021293524, -0.01853013703110793, 0.4253052069726301, -0.10143389798511325, -0.1819305113840399, 0.12475379763364276, -0.27343755367324285, -0.15139057312213572, 0.10578293294533558, 0.1533824548375849, 0.07369946640856723, -0.09994584059194953, 0.3049626934151363, -0.016460622485779914, 0.17338047703358192, 0.045419855144020194, 0.06468003179138222, 0.14091460772704148, 0.12885459299622012, 0.08602344442542034, -0.016978664476431062, -0.09139944633290648, 0.030408619803951143, -0.42479756951384934, -0.07549044315485244, -0.0735424697202637, 0.14888736374464864, -0.12753964652910463, -0.046258157642611056, 0.2993047989777732, 0.11242027213493137, 0.275126505848301, 0.03053057869130098, 0.23813629187049068, 0.11204116232693195, 0.06738791762539913, 0.057347800660567154, 0.2748021107721836, 0.14314964854204698, 0.09309027773156392, -0.23454376229362445, -0.042239250407177714, 0.09526977775261757] |
709.063 | The basic K nuclear cluster K- pp and its enhanced formation in the p +
p -> K+ + X reaction | We have studied the structure of K- pp nuclear cluster comprehensively by
solving this three-body system exactly in a variational method starting from
the Ansatz that the Lambda(1405) resonance (Lambda*) is a K-p bound state. We
have found that our original prediction for the presence of K-pp as a compact
bound system with M = 2322$ MeV/c2, B = 48 MeV and Gamma = 60 MeV remains
unchanged by varying the Kba-rN and NN interactions widely as far as they
reproduce Lambda(1405). The structure of K- pp reveals a molecular feature,
namely, the K- in Lambda* as an "atomic center" plays a key role in producing
strong covalent bonding with the other proton. We have shown that the
elementary process, p + p -> K+ + Lambda* + p, which occurs in a short impact
parameter and with a large momentum transfer (Q ~ 1.6$ GeV/c), leads to
unusually large self-trapping of Lambda* by the participating proton, since the
Lambda*-p system exists as a compact doorway state propagating to K- pp
(R{Lambda*-p} ~ 1.67 fm).
| nucl-th | we have studied the structure of k pp nuclear cluster comprehensively by solving this threebody system exactly in a variational method starting from the ansatz that the lambda1405 resonance lambda is a kp bound state we have found that our original prediction for the presence of kpp as a compact bound system with m 2322 mevc2 b 48 mev and gamma 60 mev remains unchanged by varying the kbarn and nn interactions widely as far as they reproduce lambda1405 the structure of k pp reveals a molecular feature namely the k in lambda as an atomic center plays a key role in producing strong covalent bonding with the other proton we have shown that the elementary process p p k lambda p which occurs in a short impact parameter and with a large momentum transfer q 16 gevc leads to unusually large selftrapping of lambda by the participating proton since the lambdap system exists as a compact doorway state propagating to k pp rlambdap 167 fm | [['we', 'have', 'studied', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'k', 'pp', 'nuclear', 'cluster', 'comprehensively', 'by', 'solving', 'this', 'threebody', 'system', 'exactly', 'in', 'a', 'variational', 'method', 'starting', 'from', 'the', 'ansatz', 'that', 'the', 'lambda1405', 'resonance', 'lambda', 'is', 'a', 'kp', 'bound', 'state', 'we', 'have', 'found', 'that', 'our', 'original', 'prediction', 'for', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'kpp', 'as', 'a', 'compact', 'bound', 'system', 'with', 'm', '2322', 'mevc2', 'b', '48', 'mev', 'and', 'gamma', '60', 'mev', 'remains', 'unchanged', 'by', 'varying', 'the', 'kbarn', 'and', 'nn', 'interactions', 'widely', 'as', 'far', 'as', 'they', 'reproduce', 'lambda1405', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'k', 'pp', 'reveals', 'a', 'molecular', 'feature', 'namely', 'the', 'k', 'in', 'lambda', 'as', 'an', 'atomic', 'center', 'plays', 'a', 'key', 'role', 'in', 'producing', 'strong', 'covalent', 'bonding', 'with', 'the', 'other', 'proton', 'we', 'have', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'elementary', 'process', 'p', 'p', 'k', 'lambda', 'p', 'which', 'occurs', 'in', 'a', 'short', 'impact', 'parameter', 'and', 'with', 'a', 'large', 'momentum', 'transfer', 'q', '16', 'gevc', 'leads', 'to', 'unusually', 'large', 'selftrapping', 'of', 'lambda', 'by', 'the', 'participating', 'proton', 'since', 'the', 'lambdap', 'system', 'exists', 'as', 'a', 'compact', 'doorway', 'state', 'propagating', 'to', 'k', 'pp', 'rlambdap', '167', 'fm']] | [-0.14289470095201537, 0.19022610790711814, -0.08884738619389916, 0.07188871183586315, 0.0025504367888171337, -0.16829425286656866, 0.057837243675727, 0.33720925820172964, -0.2380379450817903, -0.30901006523547975, -0.04862536321196592, -0.290826081213626, -0.05582907423116867, 0.11192829202380822, 0.11266301287846132, 0.038254289012966736, 0.09064449927854266, 0.06979968786719397, -0.02535187185417409, -0.1697762606905378, 0.30794455898982104, 0.05886120134259038, 0.19488395249301738, 0.09896527885487585, 0.05190395482279586, 0.025676209695467894, 0.06587909713077049, -0.04710786437446421, -0.14268912096489328, 0.07420891926652103, 0.28214823122446736, 0.05686161810757987, 0.2278577528809282, -0.31430478580860477, -0.17127689884862665, 0.0868161782453006, 0.17581532141758185, 0.08573022633438196, -0.016808386806003522, -0.2797062672335993, 0.13257605955851348, -0.1793072055524328, -0.14889344077444439, -0.04954562545471797, 0.12020263529072205, 0.00447432179794167, -0.26618114820272293, 0.092691774765086, 0.08206841446967288, 0.06834481377154589, -0.06996093800037421, -0.2371020609745756, -0.03429378739798047, 0.04876326907313231, 0.02567273195335557, 0.13302423934536903, 0.13599586845798925, -0.10479554294777865, -0.08645072162969772, 0.40929688475461623, -0.07206907155359107, -0.11847007133518205, 0.16118508536001724, -0.13352860074885414, -0.09900266925776095, 0.18974275355311956, 0.13548847894452398, 0.08690767109281186, -0.13332001584172815, 0.14548290780159842, -0.08670509849872553, 0.22125351768424453, 0.10414255220781674, 0.03214051617577559, 0.13370641991496085, 0.18177834510446922, 0.030743221134286035, 0.09287112233913362, -0.12558062062457656, -0.08049963473088362, -0.28718166718767446, -0.08761563921121485, -0.14532172113205447, 0.12333039956195563, -0.05767254316306207, -0.09715935029142367, 0.3032154118726877, 0.028538834519514982, 0.27243668917340763, -0.055918842427799424, 0.21291781025021478, 0.09097710798466296, 0.061177946773893904, 0.0810293233784085, 0.24313903998752887, 0.18643489621833645, 0.11288790534052885, -0.2622447366275909, 0.03270212860044205, 0.011230441026220268] |
709.0631 | Massive stars: their contribution to energy and element budget in
chemo-dynamical galaxy evolution | Here results of numerical radiation hydrodynamical simulations are presented
which explore the energetic impact of massive stars on the interstellar medium.
We study the evolution of the ambient gas around isolated massive stars in the
mass range between 15 and 85 Msun in order to analyze the formation of
structures and further the transfer and deposit of the stellar wind and
radiation energy into the circumstellar medium until the stars explode as a
supernovae. The derived energy transfer efficiencies are much smaller than
analytically estimated and should be inserted into chemo-dynamical evolutionary
models of galaxies as appropriate parameter values. As an additional issue the
element release in the Wolf-Rayet phases and its detectability have been
investigated for comparison with observations.
| astro-ph | here results of numerical radiation hydrodynamical simulations are presented which explore the energetic impact of massive stars on the interstellar medium we study the evolution of the ambient gas around isolated massive stars in the mass range between 15 and 85 msun in order to analyze the formation of structures and further the transfer and deposit of the stellar wind and radiation energy into the circumstellar medium until the stars explode as a supernovae the derived energy transfer efficiencies are much smaller than analytically estimated and should be inserted into chemodynamical evolutionary models of galaxies as appropriate parameter values as an additional issue the element release in the wolfrayet phases and its detectability have been investigated for comparison with observations | [['here', 'results', 'of', 'numerical', 'radiation', 'hydrodynamical', 'simulations', 'are', 'presented', 'which', 'explore', 'the', 'energetic', 'impact', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'on', 'the', 'interstellar', 'medium', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'ambient', 'gas', 'around', 'isolated', 'massive', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'mass', 'range', 'between', '15', 'and', '85', 'msun', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'analyze', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'structures', 'and', 'further', 'the', 'transfer', 'and', 'deposit', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'wind', 'and', 'radiation', 'energy', 'into', 'the', 'circumstellar', 'medium', 'until', 'the', 'stars', 'explode', 'as', 'a', 'supernovae', 'the', 'derived', 'energy', 'transfer', 'efficiencies', 'are', 'much', 'smaller', 'than', 'analytically', 'estimated', 'and', 'should', 'be', 'inserted', 'into', 'chemodynamical', 'evolutionary', 'models', 'of', 'galaxies', 'as', 'appropriate', 'parameter', 'values', 'as', 'an', 'additional', 'issue', 'the', 'element', 'release', 'in', 'the', 'wolfrayet', 'phases', 'and', 'its', 'detectability', 'have', 'been', 'investigated', 'for', 'comparison', 'with', 'observations']] | [-0.0608753720264455, 0.14276393694757036, -0.033509838584965715, 0.11854558908065277, -0.058432645987098415, -0.009349559658827881, 0.03754959090535218, 0.40486669773235917, -0.17136336797848345, -0.3824754444649443, 0.07917572533575973, -0.28874903756950515, -0.004199610765014464, 0.16687800583119194, 0.03660316751526504, -0.01881242996059882, 0.10249268461872513, -0.058194320943827434, -0.06460385346241916, -0.25127225458466756, 0.33771489656840764, 0.11107685962536683, 0.15352471642157373, -0.006375976135799041, 0.055940589267508285, -0.126398310730292, -0.060822865473649776, -0.0182881747217228, -0.196613729884848, 0.015976034803315997, 0.19169564502993428, 0.12682511109742337, 0.2404964870152374, -0.44104200238361957, -0.29722131046679956, 0.06694911962064604, 0.2177959338373815, 0.05875264030473772, -0.10862579273234588, -0.2334932003946354, 0.09464498382779614, -0.22508449983627846, -0.1444133509416133, 0.03435832504183054, 0.01310672523395624, 0.05370524713459114, -0.24357413018782, 0.09160724441705194, 0.010940142009349074, 0.04845407188598377, -0.13373091087851208, -0.10876814147147039, -0.10556048844009638, 0.08684790390252602, 0.0342589321828503, 0.009804452197082961, 0.16649296501030525, -0.15457601193726683, 0.017396138476518292, 0.4447167331663271, -0.04249671753459552, -0.07363911035160224, 0.23512548641107667, -0.17550682776115234, -0.09171133998315781, 0.13015780684072525, 0.2167475192885225, 0.12997897497843952, -0.16480229860753753, -0.02144797902534871, 0.024278281786246227, 0.14938636713389616, 0.0532152167831858, 0.06919129434681963, 0.28651746578204135, 0.16665365560911596, -0.03917365448821026, 0.12124046830091781, -0.15468769035263297, -0.09308685424427192, -0.21294709193365027, -0.15182840241274487, -0.12543005604141702, 0.09387477743439376, -0.14553985084567103, -0.09785837820187832, 0.3385506815238235, 0.14044327084266114, 0.20112936368289713, -0.008535695532918908, 0.3236440342074881, 0.09834576799088003, 0.07854534620807195, 0.11386610035939763, 0.32836991945902505, 0.19369494257650027, 0.11693427224333088, -0.24978290070042325, 0.05958642796225225, 0.011165586269150178] |
709.0632 | Bogoliubov angle and visualization of particle-hole mixture in
superconductors | Superconducting excitations --Bogoliubov quasiparticles -- are the quantum
mechanical mixture of negatively charged electron (-e) and positively charged
hole (+e). Depending on the applied voltage bias in STM one can sample the
particle and hole content of such a superconducting excitation. Recent Scanning
Tunneling Microscope (STM) experiments offer a unique insight into the inner
workings of the superconducting state of superconductors. We propose a new
observable quantity for STM studies that is the manifestation of the
particle-hole dualism of the quasiparticles. We call it a {\em Bogoliubov
angle}. This angle measures the relative weight of particle and hole amplitude
in the superconducting (Bogoliubov) quasiparticle. We argue that this quantity
can be measured locally by comparing the ratio of tunneling currents at
positive and negative biases. This Bogoliubov angle allows one to measure
directly the energy and position dependent particle-hole admixture and
therefore visualize robustness of superconducting state locally. It may also
allow one to measure the particle-hole admixture of excitations in normal state
above critical temperature and thus may be used to measure superconducting
correlations in pseudogap state.
| cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el | superconducting excitations bogoliubov quasiparticles are the quantum mechanical mixture of negatively charged electron e and positively charged hole e depending on the applied voltage bias in stm one can sample the particle and hole content of such a superconducting excitation recent scanning tunneling microscope stm experiments offer a unique insight into the inner workings of the superconducting state of superconductors we propose a new observable quantity for stm studies that is the manifestation of the particlehole dualism of the quasiparticles we call it a em bogoliubov angle this angle measures the relative weight of particle and hole amplitude in the superconducting bogoliubov quasiparticle we argue that this quantity can be measured locally by comparing the ratio of tunneling currents at positive and negative biases this bogoliubov angle allows one to measure directly the energy and position dependent particlehole admixture and therefore visualize robustness of superconducting state locally it may also allow one to measure the particlehole admixture of excitations in normal state above critical temperature and thus may be used to measure superconducting correlations in pseudogap state | [['superconducting', 'excitations', 'bogoliubov', 'quasiparticles', 'are', 'the', 'quantum', 'mechanical', 'mixture', 'of', 'negatively', 'charged', 'electron', 'e', 'and', 'positively', 'charged', 'hole', 'e', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'applied', 'voltage', 'bias', 'in', 'stm', 'one', 'can', 'sample', 'the', 'particle', 'and', 'hole', 'content', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'superconducting', 'excitation', 'recent', 'scanning', 'tunneling', 'microscope', 'stm', 'experiments', 'offer', 'a', 'unique', 'insight', 'into', 'the', 'inner', 'workings', 'of', 'the', 'superconducting', 'state', 'of', 'superconductors', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'observable', 'quantity', 'for', 'stm', 'studies', 'that', 'is', 'the', 'manifestation', 'of', 'the', 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'state']] | [-0.16598398634364123, 0.2389948098067889, -0.11551547536658029, 0.10101617982290095, -0.05977091268967774, -0.18772627691617289, 0.11462786364221766, 0.34622572893855597, -0.24911027776319428, -0.2719598836923218, -0.05941910543222517, -0.3378573932651579, -0.0574590925358783, 0.17251835953007522, -0.0032482614903842325, 0.04796124885837406, -0.020396545869403513, 0.0021617722100351995, -0.0960975598549144, -0.18984448689820066, 0.361831756721719, 0.07439481541922179, 0.3506627770003963, 0.10591236677804783, 0.05585859386045828, 0.015812780785684783, 0.06658644989490678, 0.03713649670240906, -0.13769660199889427, 0.03853855679919259, 0.27927605042860204, 0.00787536671258888, 0.19822293825152904, -0.42627176646606724, -0.17809844028604568, 0.06513517000580911, 0.15851629699585634, 0.13682938702299266, -0.04765385463452335, -0.3162112691266052, -0.0059382972402213996, -0.16443848555465623, -0.13622404226249263, -0.12504686219459873, -0.020809439121414038, 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709.0633 | INTEGRAL observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud | The first INTEGRAL observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (carried out in
2003) are reported in which two sources are clearly detected. The first source,
SMC X-1, shows a hard X-ray eclipse and measurements of its pulse period
indicate a continuation of the long-term spin-up now covering ~30 years. The
second source is likely to be a high mass X-ray binary, and shows a potential
periodicity of 6.8s in the IBIS lightcurve. An exact X-ray or optical
counterpart cannot be designated, but a number of proposed counterparts are
discussed. One of these possible counterparts shows a strong coherent optical
modulation at ~2.7d, which, together with the measured hard X-ray pulse period,
would lead to this INTEGRAL source being classified as the fourth known high
mass Roche lobe overflow system.
| astro-ph | the first integral observations of the small magellanic cloud carried out in 2003 are reported in which two sources are clearly detected the first source smc x1 shows a hard xray eclipse and measurements of its pulse period indicate a continuation of the longterm spinup now covering 30 years the second source is likely to be a high mass xray binary and shows a potential periodicity of 68s in the ibis lightcurve an exact xray or optical counterpart cannot be designated but a number of proposed counterparts are discussed one of these possible counterparts shows a strong coherent optical modulation at 27d which together with the measured hard xray pulse period would lead to this integral source being classified as the fourth known high mass roche lobe overflow system | [['the', 'first', 'integral', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'small', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'carried', 'out', 'in', '2003', 'are', 'reported', 'in', 'which', 'two', 'sources', 'are', 'clearly', 'detected', 'the', 'first', 'source', 'smc', 'x1', 'shows', 'a', 'hard', 'xray', 'eclipse', 'and', 'measurements', 'of', 'its', 'pulse', 'period', 'indicate', 'a', 'continuation', 'of', 'the', 'longterm', 'spinup', 'now', 'covering', '30', 'years', 'the', 'second', 'source', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'high', 'mass', 'xray', 'binary', 'and', 'shows', 'a', 'potential', 'periodicity', 'of', '68s', 'in', 'the', 'ibis', 'lightcurve', 'an', 'exact', 'xray', 'or', 'optical', 'counterpart', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'designated', 'but', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'proposed', 'counterparts', 'are', 'discussed', 'one', 'of', 'these', 'possible', 'counterparts', 'shows', 'a', 'strong', 'coherent', 'optical', 'modulation', 'at', '27d', 'which', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'measured', 'hard', 'xray', 'pulse', 'period', 'would', 'lead', 'to', 'this', 'integral', 'source', 'being', 'classified', 'as', 'the', 'fourth', 'known', 'high', 'mass', 'roche', 'lobe', 'overflow', 'system']] | [-0.1550637434955051, 0.0740530439175335, -0.08710503978871328, 0.11494940798729658, -0.09989803875868693, -0.1182528998045785, 0.08769531973615982, 0.4634670425394131, -0.24031596825378695, -0.33290098264611273, 0.15930283338990237, -0.30380297838818543, -0.046566525288287176, 0.258560031921379, -0.0530503373268212, 0.01821819180216597, 0.11164769259563019, -0.00473679376354571, -0.05399612614987851, -0.25792577265501887, 0.21296804268346275, 0.06815695101684031, 0.16212978077034446, -0.0032608550179085527, 0.06652790745503681, -0.0269105049380816, -0.07236717769229972, -0.04614371591962354, -0.023556899676431518, 0.05517933007632924, 0.2301067223541381, 0.056902486823730225, 0.18250086697092813, -0.33742401488269713, -0.21690893906724545, 0.03602548236074287, 0.14276593177630784, 0.01268955440325446, -0.024042143423269078, -0.2671802887203923, 0.0594073383700709, -0.231329531885337, -0.18666668590104077, 0.022721734366293045, 0.060246774504437696, 0.05923014447136327, -0.1841501924780093, 0.07138270319461129, 0.01583628687292857, 0.045639012947447544, -0.14080467786867346, -0.08855216549763587, -0.019660190511278288, 0.0794942848503503, 0.04863726679242916, 0.0837714812292378, 0.08356135924050744, -0.0913725293569931, -0.10269994048768105, 0.36751385248995333, -0.04491335096454984, 0.005150120434632828, 0.19395355891270288, -0.2012149719557501, -0.16556334164527844, 0.23498686766179727, 0.08989188977870946, 0.10228562006156516, -0.1703272631695104, -0.039602900711754555, -0.003771598501376403, 0.2736489186686095, 0.08947263355186397, 0.06225565177309074, 0.320549065281471, 0.10923336510268553, -0.0027802397222655225, 0.1774437048358756, -0.23346919542568367, -0.05112485044009536, -0.23366631169770952, -0.08233220609515912, -0.17208151349097547, 0.08531421561765597, -0.04869734032360238, -0.15682878049204213, 0.342421229506388, 0.06700716168049348, 0.174873212742251, -0.014617408656464645, 0.30644208193547273, 0.15399411364545135, 0.07816997715096033, 0.09614114270206223, 0.3376889751227789, 0.1219143622226349, 0.13899628056011112, -0.20284131209590733, 0.06588956841101595, -0.0043607967176525165] |
709.0634 | Detectors for Cosmic Rays on Ground and in Space | The origin of the cosmic rays has been a great mystery since they were
discovered by Victor Hess in 1912. AGASA's observation of ultra-high-energy
cosmic-rays (UHECR) possibly beyond the GZK (Greisen, Zatsepin and Kuzmin)
cutoff stimulated the field in great deal. In addition, Kamiokande's detection
of neutrinos from SN1987A and the H.E.S.S.'s detection of TeV gamma-rays from
supernova remnants demonstrated the viability of neutrino and TeV gamma-ray
astronomy for cosmic-ray research. A new generation of currently-operating or
soon-to-be-operating detectors for charged particles, gamma-rays and neutrinos
from cosmos will get us even closer to understanding the nature and origin of
cosmic rays. Detectors for UHECRs, gamma rays and neutrinos are of particular
importance in order to study the origins of cosmic rays since these particles
are free from the deflection due to magnetic fields. Detectors for
antiparticles and gamma rays would be useful to detect cosmic rays originated
from the decay of the dark matter in the Universe. I will review these
cosmic-ray detectors with particular attention on the differences of
ground-based, balloon-borne and satellite-borne detectors.
| physics.ins-det | the origin of the cosmic rays has been a great mystery since they were discovered by victor hess in 1912 agasas observation of ultrahighenergy cosmicrays uhecr possibly beyond the gzk greisen zatsepin and kuzmin cutoff stimulated the field in great deal in addition kamiokandes detection of neutrinos from sn1987a and the hesss detection of tev gammarays from supernova remnants demonstrated the viability of neutrino and tev gammaray astronomy for cosmicray research a new generation of currentlyoperating or soontobeoperating detectors for charged particles gammarays and neutrinos from cosmos will get us even closer to understanding the nature and origin of cosmic rays detectors for uhecrs gamma rays and neutrinos are of particular importance in order to study the origins of cosmic rays since these particles are free from the deflection due to magnetic fields detectors for antiparticles and gamma rays would be useful to detect cosmic rays originated from the decay of the dark matter in the universe i will review these cosmicray detectors with particular attention on the differences of groundbased balloonborne and satelliteborne detectors | [['the', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'has', 'been', 'a', 'great', 'mystery', 'since', 'they', 'were', 'discovered', 'by', 'victor', 'hess', 'in', '1912', 'agasas', 'observation', 'of', 'ultrahighenergy', 'cosmicrays', 'uhecr', 'possibly', 'beyond', 'the', 'gzk', 'greisen', 'zatsepin', 'and', 'kuzmin', 'cutoff', 'stimulated', 'the', 'field', 'in', 'great', 'deal', 'in', 'addition', 'kamiokandes', 'detection', 'of', 'neutrinos', 'from', 'sn1987a', 'and', 'the', 'hesss', 'detection', 'of', 'tev', 'gammarays', 'from', 'supernova', 'remnants', 'demonstrated', 'the', 'viability', 'of', 'neutrino', 'and', 'tev', 'gammaray', 'astronomy', 'for', 'cosmicray', 'research', 'a', 'new', 'generation', 'of', 'currentlyoperating', 'or', 'soontobeoperating', 'detectors', 'for', 'charged', 'particles', 'gammarays', 'and', 'neutrinos', 'from', 'cosmos', 'will', 'get', 'us', 'even', 'closer', 'to', 'understanding', 'the', 'nature', 'and', 'origin', 'of', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'detectors', 'for', 'uhecrs', 'gamma', 'rays', 'and', 'neutrinos', 'are', 'of', 'particular', 'importance', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'origins', 'of', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'since', 'these', 'particles', 'are', 'free', 'from', 'the', 'deflection', 'due', 'to', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'detectors', 'for', 'antiparticles', 'and', 'gamma', 'rays', 'would', 'be', 'useful', 'to', 'detect', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'originated', 'from', 'the', 'decay', 'of', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'in', 'the', 'universe', 'i', 'will', 'review', 'these', 'cosmicray', 'detectors', 'with', 'particular', 'attention', 'on', 'the', 'differences', 'of', 'groundbased', 'balloonborne', 'and', 'satelliteborne', 'detectors']] | [-0.03819717152663917, 0.253875613042756, -0.0578468922059983, 0.20285190186627647, -0.12363863834179938, -0.026901863534551332, -0.039304747202378865, 0.38103913315297927, -0.2093073124298826, -0.3745262490092393, -0.01445795764995958, -0.38737314145957286, 0.013159097285996027, 0.2388023371767143, 0.022875561962684837, -0.026742332991253694, 0.09278559436035506, -0.045952465774162725, 0.019586833238409943, -0.2289215393775307, 0.25587672904845987, 0.2766658482087009, 0.1991470548159936, 0.08880020414396901, 0.12321136172771838, -0.06690132281304721, -0.11555843331084094, -0.09118411098606885, -0.08601456933709628, 0.08728890062638503, 0.23145794068738776, 0.1608376280110165, 0.13575671089621372, -0.436624710086514, -0.284326387788443, 0.21416562489946098, 0.16961695982266548, -0.003018043578520198, -0.1260370739413809, -0.3960560113082037, 0.04890846320263603, -0.17087039077887312, -0.17787054080570883, 0.07763120889773263, -0.042733423580990776, 0.0406700531116632, -0.12869582644608968, 0.030521581097341637, -0.02785229614682441, -0.01788767495959559, -0.0938401479547953, -0.11001177681609989, 0.08529219348531436, 0.042120471461128225, 0.20060734273386463, 0.004494742050712161, 0.13678489308633074, -0.18700347122024089, -0.13116924597279114, 0.4266150269547806, -0.036932741070631894, -0.01831516953842605, 0.1959873255013543, -0.24122934173244764, -0.19408572791007292, 0.21841835107873467, 0.20633128126638065, 0.04549998770577504, -0.20967383929254377, 0.1387138405294322, 0.040700912366018575, 0.10084239718887736, 0.11790844733169412, 0.03215714622873587, 0.35388833711142925, 0.14312593705185195, 0.08291097051080536, -0.0020812874344889733, -0.21462062766967233, 0.0788415137815344, -0.32286100188708483, -0.14325506333432927, -0.178278972157825, 0.14436622198999804, -0.03490428430069348, -0.0892101428581073, 0.37768604641451553, 0.1291321871583076, 0.1214067945475964, -0.062218122187700564, 0.25949111546334974, -0.03553060416460914, -0.0018035816480679546, 0.06522140363779139, 0.4035525604493587, 0.15329748489620054, 0.16067698778968084, -0.15711969563956646, 0.04550051026539329, 0.01837459488717072] |
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