id
float64
706
1.8k
title
stringlengths
1
343
abstract
stringlengths
6
6.09k
categories
stringlengths
5
125
processed_abstract
stringlengths
2
5.96k
tokenized_abstract
stringlengths
8
8.74k
centroid
stringlengths
2.1k
2.17k
710.3553
Homotopical interpretation of globular complex by multipointed d-space
Globular complexes were introduced by E. Goubault and the author in arXiv:math/0107060 to model higher dimensional automata. Globular complexes are topological spaces equipped with a globular decomposition which is the directed analogue of the cellular decomposition of a CW-complex. We prove that there exists a combinatorial model category such that the cellular objects are exactly the globular complexes and such that the homotopy category is equivalent to the homotopy category of flows introduced in arXiv:math/0308054. The underlying category of this model category is a variant of M. Grandis' notion of d-space over a topological space colimit generated by simplices. This result enables us to understand the relationship between the framework of flows and other works in directed algebraic topology using d-spaces. It also enables us to prove that the underlying homotopy type functor of flows constructed in arXiv:math/0308063 can be interpreted up to equivalences of categories as the total left derived functor of a left Quillen adjoint.
math.AT math.CT
globular complexes were introduced by e goubault and the author in arxivmath0107060 to model higher dimensional automata globular complexes are topological spaces equipped with a globular decomposition which is the directed analogue of the cellular decomposition of a cwcomplex we prove that there exists a combinatorial model category such that the cellular objects are exactly the globular complexes and such that the homotopy category is equivalent to the homotopy category of flows introduced in arxivmath0308054 the underlying category of this model category is a variant of m grandis notion of dspace over a topological space colimit generated by simplices this result enables us to understand the relationship between the framework of flows and other works in directed algebraic topology using dspaces it also enables us to prove that the underlying homotopy type functor of flows constructed in arxivmath0308063 can be interpreted up to equivalences of categories as the total left derived functor of a left quillen adjoint
[['globular', 'complexes', 'were', 'introduced', 'by', 'e', 'goubault', 'and', 'the', 'author', 'in', 'arxivmath0107060', 'to', 'model', 'higher', 'dimensional', 'automata', 'globular', 'complexes', 'are', 'topological', 'spaces', 'equipped', 'with', 'a', 'globular', 'decomposition', 'which', 'is', 'the', 'directed', 'analogue', 'of', 'the', 'cellular', 'decomposition', 'of', 'a', 'cwcomplex', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'combinatorial', 'model', 'category', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'cellular', 'objects', 'are', 'exactly', 'the', 'globular', 'complexes', 'and', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'homotopy', 'category', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'the', 'homotopy', 'category', 'of', 'flows', 'introduced', 'in', 'arxivmath0308054', 'the', 'underlying', 'category', 'of', 'this', 'model', 'category', 'is', 'a', 'variant', 'of', 'm', 'grandis', 'notion', 'of', 'dspace', 'over', 'a', 'topological', 'space', 'colimit', 'generated', 'by', 'simplices', 'this', 'result', 'enables', 'us', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'flows', 'and', 'other', 'works', 'in', 'directed', 'algebraic', 'topology', 'using', 'dspaces', 'it', 'also', 'enables', 'us', 'to', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'underlying', 'homotopy', 'type', 'functor', 'of', 'flows', 'constructed', 'in', 'arxivmath0308063', 'can', 'be', 'interpreted', 'up', 'to', 'equivalences', 'of', 'categories', 'as', 'the', 'total', 'left', 'derived', 'functor', 'of', 'a', 'left', 'quillen', 'adjoint']]
[-0.13261618623144777, 0.05820029043117721, -0.08314146432307323, 0.11394165551633836, -0.09701328335658592, -0.1158041520153775, 0.015526441674606473, 0.3810902242031362, -0.39077528850997195, -0.23320616257310012, 0.03437508005052318, -0.21722960494096494, -0.15236411905646616, 0.15147501811555591, -0.18617938577617502, -0.06926275593125159, 0.06262712709733523, 0.07896665868834818, -0.0018014749214855887, -0.23858797005864676, 0.40699463240875333, -0.025050094491175186, 0.24299947961913693, -0.0021395097194495155, 0.12318110854967552, -0.033825591809171086, -0.01334043077552338, 0.07001850225949763, -0.16131893075181603, 0.18225882866638987, 0.3092401255807821, 0.09374644615370901, 0.1811955496950343, -0.36366245131496433, -0.16897698159609598, 0.17034942059308972, 0.13747039787909565, 0.021506292505792397, 0.006792543221605954, -0.3229310565987249, 0.15350629571289603, -0.2242299004281366, -0.09020715760176673, -0.04924437815773915, 0.070165129701053, 0.02249129214232751, -0.22113881201111998, -0.048440409705744376, 0.09438344150221621, 0.07984765735759211, -0.10443712369039704, -0.021137248148709487, -0.10718110450726076, 0.12713670157188295, -0.040371364482459336, 0.043682090079813614, 0.1059467140746872, -0.07350127872299697, -0.15467716043729798, 0.39116825483544587, -0.04079258298270064, -0.19590008838917888, 0.19754567735956288, -0.10538929562066116, -0.17006119916495543, 0.13661931664530746, 0.025104944679423483, 0.13375998522745433, -0.08326297753727903, 0.18666393869728445, -0.14604155774197078, 0.09630622116398382, 0.10815445686769641, 0.013157034718912412, 0.14024347854546862, 0.161386722519239, 0.09853036435674024, 0.14427781277572055, -0.01137552350102102, -0.09548607452588424, -0.2587359968414591, -0.1934232315584238, -0.08666354102338207, 0.12369021055063391, -0.08326465623680383, -0.18465503706030695, 0.3662048175937064, 0.10273882885139399, 0.18250984875059206, 0.12800965193442976, 0.23107825228837897, 0.026390478628979742, 0.08231485029378163, 0.020260052502861406, 0.13716717352603677, 0.27378237784194936, 0.039718639521762196, -0.08656150712730558, 0.015396740439719234, 0.25910160686285083]
710.3554
Optimization of a Neutrino Factory: Discovery Machine versus Precision Instrument
We discuss the optimization of a neutrino factory experiment for the purpose of sin^2(2theta_13), mass hierarchy, and CP violation discoveries. This includes a review of possible optimization strategies, as well as an application of these to different sin^2(2theta_13) regions.
hep-ph
we discuss the optimization of a neutrino factory experiment for the purpose of sin22theta_13 mass hierarchy and cp violation discoveries this includes a review of possible optimization strategies as well as an application of these to different sin22theta_13 regions
[['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'optimization', 'of', 'a', 'neutrino', 'factory', 'experiment', 'for', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'sin22theta_13', 'mass', 'hierarchy', 'and', 'cp', 'violation', 'discoveries', 'this', 'includes', 'a', 'review', 'of', 'possible', 'optimization', 'strategies', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'of', 'these', 'to', 'different', 'sin22theta_13', 'regions']]
[-0.10533678321502148, 0.1151657673945943, -0.004248851193831517, 0.14726798803223154, -0.08900616356195548, -0.12538753588421223, 0.1303580571921208, 0.2844713783034912, -0.2458304422788131, -0.3772103671366588, 0.162257179701462, -0.2539036994537291, -0.10371662619022223, 0.21481981491431212, -0.016750746931976233, 0.08839587575923173, 0.06407971231219096, -0.05594609183474229, -0.14186830891039556, -0.21767363938479087, 0.27071958859092915, 0.09137889188833725, 0.21388708016811273, 0.06920393207707466, 0.10807432262943341, -0.03560520976017683, -0.057188185170674935, -0.0456819125236227, -0.15257784676475403, 0.053064229050412394, 0.2681677830524934, 0.25650865904604775, 0.18678798832190344, -0.3112397820999225, -0.11526391074921076, 0.1657336812514143, 0.14475478086238489, 0.08512996258930518, -0.09331539760415371, -0.3034922269483407, 0.0031906811233896474, -0.21787695174750227, -0.15280491362015405, -0.06282757069820012, -0.011278600527498966, -0.027588100387499884, -0.33920037230620015, 0.0658000111579895, -0.04697500426883403, 0.02209858338867959, -0.02669367232383826, -0.24447138111990613, 0.08296707435511053, 0.08003651109547952, 0.1335092171166952, -0.014719521650710167, 0.1138677143264944, -0.1483711304847533, -0.19357462358684877, 0.42073292820117414, -0.02044151327572763, -0.1086572327483923, 0.15045167945134333, -0.11583415621246856, -0.18046700620116332, 0.03595831006383284, 0.21583236605884173, 0.10421720119670798, -0.21927112992852926, 0.05248127552794102, -0.06593343481803551, 0.12475415023091511, 0.03753439377611264, 0.06243878168364366, 0.24990528766424036, 0.3230499992481409, 0.17304742294483078, 0.05392994234959284, -0.14200316078196734, -0.021306516938448813, -0.4072275184190426, -0.16784059471235827, -0.07734529855541694, 0.05643505295022176, -0.0326380168012409, -0.08980641760027562, 0.44906925113919455, 0.13179661352664995, 0.1891217165841506, 0.00767318825595654, 0.28474461542776763, 0.023565022125601385, 0.035070924733120665, -0.0612118217186668, 0.28703260555481297, 0.14021515464171386, 0.16717992393443218, -0.25618707235807026, 0.03495241938015589, 0.023837972432374954]
710.3555
H-> WZ and H->Wgamma in the MSSM
We study the complete one loop contribution to $H^\pm\to W^\pm Z$ and $H^\pm \to W^\pm \gamma$ in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM).
hep-ph
we study the complete one loop contribution to hpmto wpm z and hpm to wpm gamma in the minimal supersymmetric standard model mssm
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'complete', 'one', 'loop', 'contribution', 'to', 'hpmto', 'wpm', 'z', 'and', 'hpm', 'to', 'wpm', 'gamma', 'in', 'the', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'mssm']]
[0.014373031849770443, 0.22957895667818579, 0.06630798526432204, 0.2087774118003638, -0.12804577442938866, -0.29622570060841413, 0.06504025067324223, 0.33010227275688364, -0.23347039164408392, -0.13064621437502943, -0.027812252747421357, -0.3294555572995349, 0.03162226060648327, 0.09482142992277184, 0.025652095837437588, 0.061732034077462944, 0.07756119598027157, -0.013337491485087768, 0.037435086889435414, -0.2981126450974008, 0.1750700128386202, -0.008924855810144672, 0.12291799728637157, 0.04135612325499887, -0.038897271713484886, 0.05485339580184739, -0.08447060790722785, -0.17399220832664034, -0.23017560010371002, 0.059645274406015546, 0.13175369179605143, 0.07777446702770564, 0.05347193842348845, -0.20297912216704825, -0.06151436686353839, 0.29790798412716907, 0.2134497172968543, 0.068532167043051, -0.006322997136284475, -0.3293081298470497, 0.25022526101573656, -0.26571140778453456, -0.05206777835669725, 0.0004170907094426777, -0.08662836601876694, -0.28043699496344704, -0.361454293941674, 0.08108389551710823, -0.08102457925839268, -0.02163990542454564, 0.10303369261648344, -0.1338967433826917, -0.1803000577442024, -0.02315313081540491, 0.2049202224108107, 0.15355837834067643, 0.21604120449932374, -0.21655809547266233, -0.2863687130258135, 0.41287111248011177, -0.18070701995621558, -0.25596257072427997, 0.18973366652979798, -0.2426260057836771, -0.22545784181388823, 0.18696416201798813, 0.24915180363408898, 0.05246855759912211, -0.20583862912557696, 0.3456694313664111, 0.07131835413367851, 0.08540452842641136, -0.034939957458687866, 0.013338543069751366, 0.14316268030392088, 0.18877398862462977, -0.010833087053311907, 0.06265131319346635, -0.04056180446692135, -0.05496310147092394, -0.5352800935506821, -0.2261968647008357, 0.10789830614205288, 0.09083922255946242, -0.047662063845327, -0.10581291624871285, 0.44381279514535615, 0.09477052489376586, 0.2564524692361769, 0.05104896398868574, 0.3253808625690315, 0.05954166084436862, 0.055751369800418615, 0.0002550612325253694, 0.30572156136369577, 0.193308154363995, 0.0847520565857058, -0.22669015577791826, -0.1955070514636843, 0.151041806999432]
710.3556
Graphene Terahertz Plasmon Oscillators
In this paper we propose and discuss coherent terahertz sources based on charge density wave (plasmon) amplification in two dimensional graphene. The coupling of the plasmons to interband electron-hole transitions in population inverted graphene layers can lead to plasmon amplification through stimulated emission. Plasmon gain values in graphene can be very large due to the small group velocity of the plasmons and the strong confinement of the plasmon field in the vicinity of the graphene layer. We present a transmission line model for plasmon propagation in graphene that includes plasmon dissipation and plasmon interband gain due to stimulated emission. Using this model, we discuss design for terahertz plasmon oscillators and derive the threshold condition for oscillation taking into account internal losses and also losses due to external coupling. The large gain values available at terahertz frequencies in graphene can lead to integrated oscillators that have dimensions in the 1-10 micron range.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci
in this paper we propose and discuss coherent terahertz sources based on charge density wave plasmon amplification in two dimensional graphene the coupling of the plasmons to interband electronhole transitions in population inverted graphene layers can lead to plasmon amplification through stimulated emission plasmon gain values in graphene can be very large due to the small group velocity of the plasmons and the strong confinement of the plasmon field in the vicinity of the graphene layer we present a transmission line model for plasmon propagation in graphene that includes plasmon dissipation and plasmon interband gain due to stimulated emission using this model we discuss design for terahertz plasmon oscillators and derive the threshold condition for oscillation taking into account internal losses and also losses due to external coupling the large gain values available at terahertz frequencies in graphene can lead to integrated oscillators that have dimensions in the 110 micron range
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'propose', 'and', 'discuss', 'coherent', 'terahertz', 'sources', 'based', 'on', 'charge', 'density', 'wave', 'plasmon', 'amplification', 'in', 'two', 'dimensional', 'graphene', 'the', 'coupling', 'of', 'the', 'plasmons', 'to', 'interband', 'electronhole', 'transitions', 'in', 'population', 'inverted', 'graphene', 'layers', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'plasmon', 'amplification', 'through', 'stimulated', 'emission', 'plasmon', 'gain', 'values', 'in', 'graphene', 'can', 'be', 'very', 'large', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'small', 'group', 'velocity', 'of', 'the', 'plasmons', 'and', 'the', 'strong', 'confinement', 'of', 'the', 'plasmon', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'the', 'graphene', 'layer', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'transmission', 'line', 'model', 'for', 'plasmon', 'propagation', 'in', 'graphene', 'that', 'includes', 'plasmon', 'dissipation', 'and', 'plasmon', 'interband', 'gain', 'due', 'to', 'stimulated', 'emission', 'using', 'this', 'model', 'we', 'discuss', 'design', 'for', 'terahertz', 'plasmon', 'oscillators', 'and', 'derive', 'the', 'threshold', 'condition', 'for', 'oscillation', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'internal', 'losses', 'and', 'also', 'losses', 'due', 'to', 'external', 'coupling', 'the', 'large', 'gain', 'values', 'available', 'at', 'terahertz', 'frequencies', 'in', 'graphene', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'integrated', 'oscillators', 'that', 'have', 'dimensions', 'in', 'the', '110', 'micron', 'range']]
[-0.16086830417101353, 0.19387911315020545, -0.006358424435594792, 0.011511531422556138, -0.0487060064067509, -0.12928120141528202, 0.08299105440109154, 0.4626640347356828, -0.22380847038411295, -0.268942931814995, -0.05664159714194965, -0.27563111732609025, -0.16062247102759433, 0.22170134169197586, 0.012630450536207056, 0.007619336628492317, 0.01258926075692011, -0.13264345841494618, 0.036439390993362526, -0.11633998866883778, 0.2860097770366374, 0.05335809320630814, 0.3606669926547155, 0.1564472333885828, 0.05179339256877733, -0.020609472897551363, 0.09775037522927321, -0.06493866909603706, -0.12805147526143135, 0.08889391864742467, 0.29615413591678913, -0.09770016101133448, 0.2570235502215361, -0.47368774193012164, -0.2546816493834782, 0.019547929463056935, 0.2097067276761013, 0.19035614120299058, -0.062132684397511184, -0.2846519010610237, 0.011330248325421715, -0.12926212982552138, -0.0917459957930722, -0.022791826061361674, -0.01727746715476206, -0.009541238806154949, -0.25487475922109176, 0.0614181236772172, 0.017442083126550774, 0.03708599037675816, -0.07375481247359159, -0.06828182440911056, -0.0727811052744579, 0.0470811121215094, 0.05361583054108878, -0.04113046576450918, 0.18770437146265628, -0.11196188157832362, -0.07828339182506532, 0.3846504054470173, -0.11629939560365203, -0.1451191690423532, 0.16572631100063145, -0.21531109526866757, 0.04127535558250171, 0.21914143094003496, 0.2326489120308581, 0.046617248382370004, -0.12800398587391076, 0.04298342016197137, 0.04314370069350964, 0.1669285162891699, 0.14232109738236282, 0.17294616753309472, 0.25036940591052076, 0.1709098931253943, 0.03629689385639565, 0.15510019802392788, -0.1671248686311779, 0.030101046413306565, -0.25676528022729406, -0.12178037617361753, -0.17610838540038712, 0.07540680430257085, -0.06293547226820335, -0.17883517733113594, 0.4566039720685869, 0.17480593961810026, 0.14900131922350912, 0.0022173189366890105, 0.28934917872808624, 0.2143559367673484, 0.12648745615803175, 0.021581382817582578, 0.3499493010184845, 0.19726550898557862, 0.07675665906870997, -0.2859712718116329, -0.03314837191056534, -0.03731867729451828]
710.3557
Luminous Red Galaxies in hierarchical cosmologies
Luminous red galaxies (LRGs) are much rarer and more massive than L* galaxies. Coupled with their extreme colours, LRGs therefore provide a demanding testing ground for the physics of massive galaxy formation. We present the first self-consistent predictions for the abundance and properties of LRGs in hierarchical structure formation models. We test two published models which use quite different mechanisms to suppress the formation of massive galaxies: the Bower et al. (2006) model, which invokes ``AGN-feedback'' to prevent gas from cooling in massive haloes, and the Baugh et al. (2005) model which relies upon a ``superwind'' to eject gas before it is turned into stars. Without adjusting any parameters, the Bower et al. model gives an excellent match to the observed luminosity function of LRGs in the SDSS (with a median redshift of z=0.24) and to their clustering; the Baugh et al. model is less successful in these respects. Both models fail to match the observed abundance of LRGs at z=0.5 to better than a factor of ~2. In the models, LRGs are typically bulge dominated systems with M* of ~2x10^11 h^{-1} M_sun and velocity dispersions of ~250 km s^{-1}. Around half of the stellar mass in the model LRGs is already formed by z~2.2 and is assembled into one main progenitor by z~1.5; on average, only 25% of the mass of the main progenitor is added after z~1. LRGs are predicted to be found in a wide range of halo masses, a conclusion which relies on properly taking into account the scatter in the formation histories of haloes. Remarkably, we find that the correlation function of LRGs is predicted to be a power law down to small pair separations, in excellent agreement with observational estimates. Neither the Bower et al. nor the Baugh et al. model is able to reproduce the observed radii of LRGs.
astro-ph
luminous red galaxies lrgs are much rarer and more massive than l galaxies coupled with their extreme colours lrgs therefore provide a demanding testing ground for the physics of massive galaxy formation we present the first selfconsistent predictions for the abundance and properties of lrgs in hierarchical structure formation models we test two published models which use quite different mechanisms to suppress the formation of massive galaxies the bower et al 2006 model which invokes agnfeedback to prevent gas from cooling in massive haloes and the baugh et al 2005 model which relies upon a superwind to eject gas before it is turned into stars without adjusting any parameters the bower et al model gives an excellent match to the observed luminosity function of lrgs in the sdss with a median redshift of z024 and to their clustering the baugh et al model is less successful in these respects both models fail to match the observed abundance of lrgs at z05 to better than a factor of 2 in the models lrgs are typically bulge dominated systems with m of 2x1011 h1 m_sun and velocity dispersions of 250 km s1 around half of the stellar mass in the model lrgs is already formed by z22 and is assembled into one main progenitor by z15 on average only 25 of the mass of the main progenitor is added after z1 lrgs are predicted to be found in a wide range of halo masses a conclusion which relies on properly taking into account the scatter in the formation histories of haloes remarkably we find that the correlation function of lrgs is predicted to be a power law down to small pair separations in excellent agreement with observational estimates neither the bower et al nor the baugh et al model is able to reproduce the observed radii of lrgs
[['luminous', 'red', 'galaxies', 'lrgs', 'are', 'much', 'rarer', 'and', 'more', 'massive', 'than', 'l', 'galaxies', 'coupled', 'with', 'their', 'extreme', 'colours', 'lrgs', 'therefore', 'provide', 'a', 'demanding', 'testing', 'ground', 'for', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'massive', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'selfconsistent', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'abundance', 'and', 'properties', 'of', 'lrgs', 'in', 'hierarchical', 'structure', 'formation', 'models', 'we', 'test', 'two', 'published', 'models', 'which', 'use', 'quite', 'different', 'mechanisms', 'to', 'suppress', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'massive', 'galaxies', 'the', 'bower', 'et', 'al', '2006', 'model', 'which', 'invokes', 'agnfeedback', 'to', 'prevent', 'gas', 'from', 'cooling', 'in', 'massive', 'haloes', 'and', 'the', 'baugh', 'et', 'al', '2005', 'model', 'which', 'relies', 'upon', 'a', 'superwind', 'to', 'eject', 'gas', 'before', 'it', 'is', 'turned', 'into', 'stars', 'without', 'adjusting', 'any', 'parameters', 'the', 'bower', 'et', 'al', 'model', 'gives', 'an', 'excellent', 'match', 'to', 'the', 'observed', 'luminosity', 'function', 'of', 'lrgs', 'in', 'the', 'sdss', 'with', 'a', 'median', 'redshift', 'of', 'z024', 'and', 'to', 'their', 'clustering', 'the', 'baugh', 'et', 'al', 'model', 'is', 'less', 'successful', 'in', 'these', 'respects', 'both', 'models', 'fail', 'to', 'match', 'the', 'observed', 'abundance', 'of', 'lrgs', 'at', 'z05', 'to', 'better', 'than', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '2', 'in', 'the', 'models', 'lrgs', 'are', 'typically', 'bulge', 'dominated', 'systems', 'with', 'm', 'of', '2x1011', 'h1', 'm_sun', 'and', 'velocity', 'dispersions', 'of', '250', 'km', 's1', 'around', 'half', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'mass', 'in', 'the', 'model', 'lrgs', 'is', 'already', 'formed', 'by', 'z22', 'and', 'is', 'assembled', 'into', 'one', 'main', 'progenitor', 'by', 'z15', 'on', 'average', 'only', '25', 'of', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'progenitor', 'is', 'added', 'after', 'z1', 'lrgs', 'are', 'predicted', 'to', 'be', 'found', 'in', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'halo', 'masses', 'a', 'conclusion', 'which', 'relies', 'on', 'properly', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'scatter', 'in', 'the', 'formation', 'histories', 'of', 'haloes', 'remarkably', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'correlation', 'function', 'of', 'lrgs', 'is', 'predicted', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'down', 'to', 'small', 'pair', 'separations', 'in', 'excellent', 'agreement', 'with', 'observational', 'estimates', 'neither', 'the', 'bower', 'et', 'al', 'nor', 'the', 'baugh', 'et', 'al', 'model', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'reproduce', 'the', 'observed', 'radii', 'of', 'lrgs']]
[-0.03491564771884084, 0.09151444683659683, -0.08062884505926418, 0.11374134281186046, -0.10050121584170638, -0.05785323913190879, 0.03436109686370793, 0.3926431294804549, -0.08116773720199146, -0.40969506126761535, 0.002453335384713498, -0.2998033727479648, -0.032870601189214914, 0.18533068265507158, -0.04026800263851875, -0.018200245591906184, 0.025286013637501988, -0.11220442590345948, -0.028423699931105755, -0.3534291221100527, 0.27887488418910045, 0.10663458704035364, 0.2143142710592418, -0.08476321477887336, 0.07068685089234944, -0.08114856872342381, -0.07136431477470871, -0.013252655184200776, -0.18890782985072055, 0.017011972095549496, 0.21490356377600822, 0.12259514331067681, 0.24303451156338032, -0.35657387871441304, -0.2043870833566948, 0.09254055543729633, 0.20188088246295532, 0.09190452661710712, -0.07578599523301914, -0.27064554626730825, 0.1050447520093834, -0.19193332958083867, -0.14706714090729875, 0.05883835334622977, 0.033933139257391706, 0.02539913317765371, -0.2602619184144952, 0.21371386338252074, 0.039915089490914754, 0.0034500484467404925, -0.059966470088065583, -0.11310732330662028, -0.13311424918223197, 0.0496396193116465, -0.01752276004145981, 0.07617172826761745, 0.1633215117659359, -0.12345117146417109, 0.0006961337645656849, 0.41683495546283283, -0.03883383850792645, -0.007541557901776305, 0.23493069994987714, -0.17103625694746336, -0.15731113692677087, 0.08905141862587519, 0.1466659809730177, 0.08200902353752586, -0.1670115704511618, 0.012333102796486962, -0.03142622429337292, 0.23923862105527638, 0.02766356115637262, 0.015815743669591504, 0.30218558214008323, 0.11975931544336216, 0.006893375284705019, 0.020413460694649103, -0.11376045167893536, -0.0627621161959551, -0.19280220855642233, -0.0643833536560361, -0.14942207007084554, 0.056135126670852555, -0.11852288227104141, -0.10346493259790579, 0.3351303226690362, 0.14096241379141491, 0.29456300675272457, 0.10956694607786892, 0.29505492374605313, 0.08919178047126122, 0.13293381807777813, 0.11943677282896732, 0.3099982052237964, 0.17605234479555995, 0.060200103512946884, -0.20289993080085303, 0.06390809445235622, 0.028812893041498196]
710.3558
Magnetic fields and the dynamics of spiral galaxies
We investigate the dynamics of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies by performing 3D MHD simulations of galactic discs subject to a spiral potential. Recent hydrodynamic simulations have demonstrated the formation of inter-arm spurs as well as spiral arm molecular clouds provided the ISM model includes a cold HI phase. We find that the main effect of adding a magnetic field to these calculations is to inhibit the formation of structure in the disc. However, provided a cold phase is included, spurs and spiral arm clumps are still present if $\beta \gtrsim 0.1$ in the cold gas. A caveat to two phase calculations though is that by assuming a uniform initial distribution, $\beta \gtrsim 10$ in the warm gas, emphasizing that models with more consistent initial conditions and thermodynamics are required. Our simulations with only warm gas do not show such structure, irrespective of the magnetic field strength. Furthermore, we find that the introduction of a cold HI phase naturally produces the observed degree of disorder in the magnetic field, which is again absent from simulations using only warm gas. Whilst the global magnetic field follows the large scale gas flow, the magnetic field also contains a substantial random component that is produced by the velocity dispersion induced in the cold gas during the passage through a spiral shock. Without any cold gas, the magnetic field in the warm phase remains relatively well ordered apart from becoming compressed in the spiral shocks. Our results provide a natural explanation for the observed high proportions of disordered magnetic field in spiral galaxies and we thus predict that the relative strengths of the random and ordered components of the magnetic field observed in spiral galaxies will depend on the dynamics of spiral shocks.
astro-ph
we investigate the dynamics of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies by performing 3d mhd simulations of galactic discs subject to a spiral potential recent hydrodynamic simulations have demonstrated the formation of interarm spurs as well as spiral arm molecular clouds provided the ism model includes a cold hi phase we find that the main effect of adding a magnetic field to these calculations is to inhibit the formation of structure in the disc however provided a cold phase is included spurs and spiral arm clumps are still present if beta gtrsim 01 in the cold gas a caveat to two phase calculations though is that by assuming a uniform initial distribution beta gtrsim 10 in the warm gas emphasizing that models with more consistent initial conditions and thermodynamics are required our simulations with only warm gas do not show such structure irrespective of the magnetic field strength furthermore we find that the introduction of a cold hi phase naturally produces the observed degree of disorder in the magnetic field which is again absent from simulations using only warm gas whilst the global magnetic field follows the large scale gas flow the magnetic field also contains a substantial random component that is produced by the velocity dispersion induced in the cold gas during the passage through a spiral shock without any cold gas the magnetic field in the warm phase remains relatively well ordered apart from becoming compressed in the spiral shocks our results provide a natural explanation for the observed high proportions of disordered magnetic field in spiral galaxies and we thus predict that the relative strengths of the random and ordered components of the magnetic field observed in spiral galaxies will depend on the dynamics of spiral shocks
[['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'by', 'performing', '3d', 'mhd', 'simulations', 'of', 'galactic', 'discs', 'subject', 'to', 'a', 'spiral', 'potential', 'recent', 'hydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'have', 'demonstrated', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'interarm', 'spurs', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'spiral', 'arm', 'molecular', 'clouds', 'provided', 'the', 'ism', 'model', 'includes', 'a', 'cold', 'hi', 'phase', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'main', 'effect', 'of', 'adding', 'a', 'magnetic', 'field', 'to', 'these', 'calculations', 'is', 'to', 'inhibit', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'structure', 'in', 'the', 'disc', 'however', 'provided', 'a', 'cold', 'phase', 'is', 'included', 'spurs', 'and', 'spiral', 'arm', 'clumps', 'are', 'still', 'present', 'if', 'beta', 'gtrsim', '01', 'in', 'the', 'cold', 'gas', 'a', 'caveat', 'to', 'two', 'phase', 'calculations', 'though', 'is', 'that', 'by', 'assuming', 'a', 'uniform', 'initial', 'distribution', 'beta', 'gtrsim', '10', 'in', 'the', 'warm', 'gas', 'emphasizing', 'that', 'models', 'with', 'more', 'consistent', 'initial', 'conditions', 'and', 'thermodynamics', 'are', 'required', 'our', 'simulations', 'with', 'only', 'warm', 'gas', 'do', 'not', 'show', 'such', 'structure', 'irrespective', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'strength', 'furthermore', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'a', 'cold', 'hi', 'phase', 'naturally', 'produces', 'the', 'observed', 'degree', 'of', 'disorder', 'in', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'which', 'is', 'again', 'absent', 'from', 'simulations', 'using', 'only', 'warm', 'gas', 'whilst', 'the', 'global', 'magnetic', 'field', 'follows', 'the', 'large', 'scale', 'gas', 'flow', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'also', 'contains', 'a', 'substantial', 'random', 'component', 'that', 'is', 'produced', 'by', 'the', 'velocity', 'dispersion', 'induced', 'in', 'the', 'cold', 'gas', 'during', 'the', 'passage', 'through', 'a', 'spiral', 'shock', 'without', 'any', 'cold', 'gas', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'warm', 'phase', 'remains', 'relatively', 'well', 'ordered', 'apart', 'from', 'becoming', 'compressed', 'in', 'the', 'spiral', 'shocks', 'our', 'results', 'provide', 'a', 'natural', 'explanation', 'for', 'the', 'observed', 'high', 'proportions', 'of', 'disordered', 'magnetic', 'field', 'in', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'and', 'we', 'thus', 'predict', 'that', 'the', 'relative', 'strengths', 'of', 'the', 'random', 'and', 'ordered', 'components', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'observed', 'in', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'will', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'spiral', 'shocks']]
[-0.1445217851614241, 0.16775892851177351, -0.046384799771113996, 0.06334137313984733, -0.04044329786631295, -0.025520569827749192, -0.013275857577358201, 0.40561030994034064, -0.22649552914552443, -0.3053488915819984, 0.04554584100367147, -0.2245842496764598, -0.07759496642463554, 0.1632080826723858, 0.05034238904888603, -0.038102318178282274, -0.0017457549463454826, -0.045899467591811, -0.039993809996926866, -0.2304028249804936, 0.3063799971102328, 0.052075408278661535, 0.1708344785709282, -0.008173902046940833, 0.06974213663649755, -0.10611791946122803, -0.00849433045489488, 0.029539231949721086, -0.14910245027185046, 0.004424382253529046, 0.17622431335547242, 0.049492795691441965, 0.24139768844728188, -0.4853348388790981, -0.24438255679371498, 0.064127180849405, 0.18366885421778298, 0.11833524401662195, -0.11294572180682659, -0.26729631716237245, 0.05268410351256289, -0.13890597486154904, -0.18340569291470063, -0.02344528976167233, 0.010798248947375683, 0.047974938351522396, -0.2786785244807169, 0.14664239300627208, 0.05358609588000344, 0.09464445061272511, -0.09206165367977896, -0.06429796726974597, -0.06844956817582352, 0.04064403415841266, 0.04629989643984033, 0.11777118328438305, 0.242415879712888, -0.1953871529145532, -0.015908548391301663, 0.4269042298790699, -0.08895852182553533, -0.058259877659844486, 0.24076798379382564, -0.24093026056511901, -0.1368525416850496, 0.17439897470724056, 0.12086393907341936, 0.045605064092597125, -0.0742167959245128, 0.03143203167396253, -0.08257304969691642, 0.1907606607159619, 0.026064668073090096, 0.018300191041687987, 0.31215266527279334, 0.12793325756879517, 0.028839818115125992, 0.129795170537354, -0.15053108493353573, -0.1173883694277232, -0.2464789939999168, -0.11426586530148777, -0.15091925401685302, 0.02068234220269792, -0.10222059981974009, -0.16013317321875103, 0.33665072785873307, 0.15932402749639327, 0.2297436988342128, -0.021122682972965847, 0.3443228648524332, 0.057771927039026186, 0.08477698578430778, 0.14122340470475103, 0.28401658424840126, 0.19258431782446492, 0.0777013329837381, -0.24226316813118498, 0.07512585994598994, -0.025950605199578827]
710.3559
Separation of Attractors in 1-modulus Quantum Corrected Special Geometry
We study the attractor equations for a quantum corrected prepotential F=t^3+i\lambda, with \lambda \in R,which is the only correction which preserves the axion shift symmetry and modifies the geometry. By performing computations in the ``magnetic'' charge configuration, we find evidence for interesting phenomena (absent in the classical limit of vanishing \lambda). For a certain range of the quantum parameter \lambda we find a ``separation'' of attractors, i.e. the existence of multiple solutions to the Attractor Equations for fixed supporting charge configuration. Furthermore, we find that, away from the classical limit, a ``transmutation'' of the supersymmetry-preserving features of the attractors takes place when \lambda reaches a particular critical value.
hep-th
we study the attractor equations for a quantum corrected prepotential ft3ilambda with lambda in rwhich is the only correction which preserves the axion shift symmetry and modifies the geometry by performing computations in the magnetic charge configuration we find evidence for interesting phenomena absent in the classical limit of vanishing lambda for a certain range of the quantum parameter lambda we find a separation of attractors ie the existence of multiple solutions to the attractor equations for fixed supporting charge configuration furthermore we find that away from the classical limit a transmutation of the supersymmetrypreserving features of the attractors takes place when lambda reaches a particular critical value
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'attractor', 'equations', 'for', 'a', 'quantum', 'corrected', 'prepotential', 'ft3ilambda', 'with', 'lambda', 'in', 'rwhich', 'is', 'the', 'only', 'correction', 'which', 'preserves', 'the', 'axion', 'shift', 'symmetry', 'and', 'modifies', 'the', 'geometry', 'by', 'performing', 'computations', 'in', 'the', 'magnetic', 'charge', 'configuration', 'we', 'find', 'evidence', 'for', 'interesting', 'phenomena', 'absent', 'in', 'the', 'classical', 'limit', 'of', 'vanishing', 'lambda', 'for', 'a', 'certain', 'range', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'parameter', 'lambda', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'separation', 'of', 'attractors', 'ie', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'multiple', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'attractor', 'equations', 'for', 'fixed', 'supporting', 'charge', 'configuration', 'furthermore', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'away', 'from', 'the', 'classical', 'limit', 'a', 'transmutation', 'of', 'the', 'supersymmetrypreserving', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'attractors', 'takes', 'place', 'when', 'lambda', 'reaches', 'a', 'particular', 'critical', 'value']]
[-0.19528933070635177, 0.13131457218847606, -0.09038843750900957, 0.08670381360845465, -0.028485745387063978, -0.12863970961738028, 0.06537938961882214, 0.24431900564089137, -0.2457984825684074, -0.25900348975270426, 0.07233590906253085, -0.28050310620686636, -0.12831295877398555, 0.16560125650996166, 0.0144041625372099, 0.01971459939618999, 0.029095801869670878, 0.07353626632676372, -0.09857491733075804, -0.14185262131636506, 0.3581126920070569, -0.0032621851072312806, 0.24587439236951605, 0.030876221712942253, 0.13138086856826087, -0.005663575314617944, 0.04870144827818533, 0.041147111827191316, -0.18737326405827398, 0.03275527236851389, 0.19513048434779398, 0.06006308391971408, 0.22760749100004588, -0.3787472632028303, -0.21004000674265455, 0.12935930328061454, 0.1491798113170519, 0.16787991134937466, -0.04629608169022315, -0.2663542230455381, 0.10173218167949256, -0.11345852653162097, -0.192582968754237, -0.08612704767740138, 0.06387188690022635, 0.004403717699460685, -0.2811978651421531, 0.05868848664510363, 0.09986922621972999, 0.025188130436394857, -0.094221349735305, -0.057935158208118016, -0.05055930393414115, 0.11399875142757632, 0.061255496034751764, 0.01602722281581318, 0.13599845183297182, -0.19543410705859368, -0.07138852881408243, 0.37027887992982594, -0.09493494237320638, -0.18972304179596733, 0.12325592082046535, -0.16042239583132542, -0.16266846110745561, 0.13008787778188596, 0.07984588461717204, 0.11840021214447916, -0.057774216225090706, 0.18818704277784387, -0.01758783756105124, 0.18506963041452867, 0.0863302036909, 0.055575118958071434, 0.22237730237110606, 0.13448995602633454, 0.08488004773477409, 0.16021367605283576, -0.07606226794491962, -0.18574428594372464, -0.36056271423464903, -0.1301230866426848, -0.128539457710741, 0.09283003413979456, -0.14461541359017951, -0.18673026525473962, 0.3718357003081968, 0.1473902707934854, 0.23120576212894312, 0.013831150789420068, 0.2224738454657062, 0.16885740490946569, 0.06679995353597235, 0.052503536037995284, 0.28296850322754524, 0.09970423012734654, 0.11812993024919569, -0.24990228838331224, -0.01450071921835671, 0.10445095671621978]
710.356
HE 0515-4414 - an unusual sub-damped Ly alpha system revisited
Using STIS and VLT UVES observations we have examined the ionization, abundances, and differential dust depletion of metals, the kinematic structure, and the physical conditions in the molecular hydrogen-bearing sub-damped Ly alpha system toward HE 0515-4414 at z = 1.15. The velocity interval of associated metal lines extends for 700 km/s. In addition, saturated H I absorption is detected in the blue damping wing of the main component. The column density ratios of associated Al II, Al III, and Fe II lines indicate that the absorbing material is ionized. 19 of in total 31 detected metal line components are formed within peripheral H II regions, while only 12 components are associated with the predominantly neutral main absorber. For the main absorber the observed abundance ratios of refractory elements to Zn range from Galactic warm disk [Si/Zn] = - 0.40, [Fe/Zn] = -1.10 to halo-like and essentially undepleted patterns. The dust-corrected metal abundances indicate a nucleosynthetic odd-even effect and might imply an anomalous depletion of Si relative to Fe for two components, but otherwise do correspond to solar ratios. The intrinsic average metallicity is almost solar [Fe/H] = -0.08, whereas the uncorrected average is [Zn/H] = -0.38. The ion abundances in the periphery conform with solar element composition. The detection of H II as well as the large variation in dust depletion for this sight line raises the question whether in future studies of damped Ly alpha systems ionization and depletion effects have to be considered in further detail. Ionization effects, for instance, may pretend an enrichment of alpha elements. An empirical recipe for detecting H II regions is provided.
astro-ph
using stis and vlt uves observations we have examined the ionization abundances and differential dust depletion of metals the kinematic structure and the physical conditions in the molecular hydrogenbearing subdamped ly alpha system toward he 05154414 at z 115 the velocity interval of associated metal lines extends for 700 kms in addition saturated h i absorption is detected in the blue damping wing of the main component the column density ratios of associated al ii al iii and fe ii lines indicate that the absorbing material is ionized 19 of in total 31 detected metal line components are formed within peripheral h ii regions while only 12 components are associated with the predominantly neutral main absorber for the main absorber the observed abundance ratios of refractory elements to zn range from galactic warm disk sizn 040 fezn 110 to halolike and essentially undepleted patterns the dustcorrected metal abundances indicate a nucleosynthetic oddeven effect and might imply an anomalous depletion of si relative to fe for two components but otherwise do correspond to solar ratios the intrinsic average metallicity is almost solar feh 008 whereas the uncorrected average is znh 038 the ion abundances in the periphery conform with solar element composition the detection of h ii as well as the large variation in dust depletion for this sight line raises the question whether in future studies of damped ly alpha systems ionization and depletion effects have to be considered in further detail ionization effects for instance may pretend an enrichment of alpha elements an empirical recipe for detecting h ii regions is provided
[['using', 'stis', 'and', 'vlt', 'uves', 'observations', 'we', 'have', 'examined', 'the', 'ionization', 'abundances', 'and', 'differential', 'dust', 'depletion', 'of', 'metals', 'the', 'kinematic', 'structure', 'and', 'the', 'physical', 'conditions', 'in', 'the', 'molecular', 'hydrogenbearing', 'subdamped', 'ly', 'alpha', 'system', 'toward', 'he', '05154414', 'at', 'z', '115', 'the', 'velocity', 'interval', 'of', 'associated', 'metal', 'lines', 'extends', 'for', '700', 'kms', 'in', 'addition', 'saturated', 'h', 'i', 'absorption', 'is', 'detected', 'in', 'the', 'blue', 'damping', 'wing', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'component', 'the', 'column', 'density', 'ratios', 'of', 'associated', 'al', 'ii', 'al', 'iii', 'and', 'fe', 'ii', 'lines', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'absorbing', 'material', 'is', 'ionized', '19', 'of', 'in', 'total', '31', 'detected', 'metal', 'line', 'components', 'are', 'formed', 'within', 'peripheral', 'h', 'ii', 'regions', 'while', 'only', '12', 'components', 'are', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'predominantly', 'neutral', 'main', 'absorber', 'for', 'the', 'main', 'absorber', 'the', 'observed', 'abundance', 'ratios', 'of', 'refractory', 'elements', 'to', 'zn', 'range', 'from', 'galactic', 'warm', 'disk', 'sizn', '040', 'fezn', '110', 'to', 'halolike', 'and', 'essentially', 'undepleted', 'patterns', 'the', 'dustcorrected', 'metal', 'abundances', 'indicate', 'a', 'nucleosynthetic', 'oddeven', 'effect', 'and', 'might', 'imply', 'an', 'anomalous', 'depletion', 'of', 'si', 'relative', 'to', 'fe', 'for', 'two', 'components', 'but', 'otherwise', 'do', 'correspond', 'to', 'solar', 'ratios', 'the', 'intrinsic', 'average', 'metallicity', 'is', 'almost', 'solar', 'feh', '008', 'whereas', 'the', 'uncorrected', 'average', 'is', 'znh', '038', 'the', 'ion', 'abundances', 'in', 'the', 'periphery', 'conform', 'with', 'solar', 'element', 'composition', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'h', 'ii', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'large', 'variation', 'in', 'dust', 'depletion', 'for', 'this', 'sight', 'line', 'raises', 'the', 'question', 'whether', 'in', 'future', 'studies', 'of', 'damped', 'ly', 'alpha', 'systems', 'ionization', 'and', 'depletion', 'effects', 'have', 'to', 'be', 'considered', 'in', 'further', 'detail', 'ionization', 'effects', 'for', 'instance', 'may', 'pretend', 'an', 'enrichment', 'of', 'alpha', 'elements', 'an', 'empirical', 'recipe', 'for', 'detecting', 'h', 'ii', 'regions', 'is', 'provided']]
[-0.049027157101737356, 0.1438988125104153, 0.04284374026396094, 0.03464998888169412, 0.0021321584137827445, -0.13047125156062486, 0.03589861109180169, 0.4420515506517613, -0.17687949072748024, -0.3471943979861636, 0.006361312687198964, -0.32674521458124695, 0.0021096399942434384, 0.12735576739301013, -0.025924732316048082, -0.05354270875013266, 0.007420339050231737, -0.09379795606255217, -0.03248854346619741, -0.20516902359801975, 0.2657827565400108, 0.0691424997048845, 0.17506879952761176, 0.018537955464557943, -0.0035510638289838687, -0.1488899075197791, -0.0751319991139663, 0.015426854495943963, -0.12712058597211426, 0.056731604214515036, 0.22835676896856863, 0.08928633430772871, 0.20214718360350364, -0.34074267399072705, -0.18692489038979798, 0.04735117827915012, 0.2204275671999288, 0.03559687474681871, -0.07517610023411926, -0.23355349207696616, 0.030490592525963284, -0.12083728955987255, -0.19600633493985026, 0.12378285552011054, 0.10416235007574047, 0.03224224249107775, -0.2717288375191633, 0.11342791839720417, 0.031492362215173195, 0.13629177842517579, -0.09646947601885032, -0.18763762951330765, -0.11214235169773785, 0.05075118020961911, -0.025645710848150524, -0.018629686849841214, 0.22150226519175473, -0.07310713918868923, 0.017252193779017332, 0.41747491914507756, -0.14289227292705256, -0.012260753410722048, 0.20122124679329523, -0.2117887903896956, -0.17936519477061455, 0.23155933060287232, 0.12539082348446623, 0.0861801887997087, -0.11776702399155967, 0.04445820305004923, -0.02651653459301875, 0.2139379054152968, 0.06571418652757004, 0.07130155275697138, 0.2488277380183425, 0.06937034259874987, 0.01831182134503314, 0.00788734570419696, -0.2223393274125486, -0.02502036717911233, -0.25441462416757143, -0.1918439959065268, -0.057128844106296914, 0.06700318615162795, -0.1140281738436507, -0.15312396589188454, 0.29714406763071416, 0.11951039622853808, 0.2571625601102409, -0.032334556524780976, 0.2650464130672573, 0.11918558999342965, 0.05285310522042986, 0.06941401343159306, 0.2929121621124361, 0.21695287627796017, 0.11538057038837052, -0.26857364885473334, 0.1719795189194838, 0.03353745329204476]
710.3561
Stationary probability density of stochastic search processes in global optimization
A method for the construction of approximate analytical expressions for the stationary marginal densities of general stochastic search processes is proposed. By the marginal densities, regions of the search space that with high probability contain the global optima can be readily defined. The density estimation procedure involves a controlled number of linear operations, with a computational cost per iteration that grows linearly with problem size.
cs.AI cond-mat.stat-mech cs.NE
a method for the construction of approximate analytical expressions for the stationary marginal densities of general stochastic search processes is proposed by the marginal densities regions of the search space that with high probability contain the global optima can be readily defined the density estimation procedure involves a controlled number of linear operations with a computational cost per iteration that grows linearly with problem size
[['a', 'method', 'for', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'approximate', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'stationary', 'marginal', 'densities', 'of', 'general', 'stochastic', 'search', 'processes', 'is', 'proposed', 'by', 'the', 'marginal', 'densities', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'search', 'space', 'that', 'with', 'high', 'probability', 'contain', 'the', 'global', 'optima', 'can', 'be', 'readily', 'defined', 'the', 'density', 'estimation', 'procedure', 'involves', 'a', 'controlled', 'number', 'of', 'linear', 'operations', 'with', 'a', 'computational', 'cost', 'per', 'iteration', 'that', 'grows', 'linearly', 'with', 'problem', 'size']]
[-0.0982435289483804, 0.10479311576256385, -0.0694193460047245, 0.05301280769591148, -0.01823513826641899, -0.1292069422869155, 0.09554051337047265, 0.32580748641720186, -0.25692773202004343, -0.35074958983952037, 0.1069838028257856, -0.21545469677792145, -0.1245110656063144, 0.1678826234733256, -0.03146437924498549, 0.08683181349904491, 0.04559716016340714, 0.03321598402152841, -0.1164447612173927, -0.2612306202833469, 0.2406640186171549, 0.08979351087831534, 0.2843083732976363, -0.04021196640454806, 0.12713462242032758, 0.017135742500137826, -0.039730925648473206, 0.06565002744542793, -0.10178334879657576, 0.15694307446873818, 0.2695250132622627, 0.20131058253061312, 0.32686071533423205, -0.407015553317391, -0.2068766497751662, 0.1397891667850602, 0.13269833917326582, 0.11725429883943154, -0.04673965160663311, -0.23995374279598203, 0.06267697140574455, -0.14343009038040272, -0.1560111716031455, -0.09977799276104914, 0.0007614088173095996, 0.084471722978812, -0.35100129819833314, 0.10368468139607173, -0.005528314603277697, -0.014273850145176625, -0.034442867421043605, -0.10987089319835203, -0.06010558232665062, 0.06749560489104345, 0.026062685978383973, 0.029858206656689826, 0.1574546143770791, -0.12961812300177722, -0.12183757314028648, 0.2954747838899493, -0.05416854815557599, -0.27740933495358777, 0.16931815256293004, -0.12668353352838985, -0.14489366629590783, 0.25040829634437195, 0.17771408545041384, 0.17500409102783754, -0.13140242721598883, 0.13025659145787358, -0.04438549467326643, 0.15729247532211818, 0.045872757637586734, 0.022041270800400525, 0.16639771023765207, 0.170125689300207, 0.1874126878208839, 0.15424854644896605, -0.09739595382348992, -0.13215002772183373, -0.32169382182451395, -0.1360117088613781, -0.23071846275662, -0.021691277522880296, -0.15351031862485867, -0.17455373430051482, 0.35407627830998256, 0.09625304923751034, 0.21539918586898307, 0.15028032212733075, 0.32302277927788403, 0.22567566264993869, 0.048601450964521904, 0.11932444929216916, 0.12404377168187729, 0.07549935291664532, 0.028749036846252587, -0.2139513218578381, 0.11917317911552695, 0.10992082016041073]
710.3562
Neutrino induced threshold production of two pions and N^*(1440) electroweak form factors
We study the threshold production of two pions induced by neutrinos in nucleon targets. The contribution of nucleon, pion and contact terms are calculated using a chiral Lagrangian. The contribution of the Roper resonance, neglected in earlier studies, has also been taken into account. The numerical results for the cross sections are presented and compared with the available experimental data. It has been found that in the two pion channels with $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\pi^0\pi^0$ in the final state, the contribution of the $N^*(1440)$ is quite important and could be used to determine the $N^*(1440)$ electroweak transition form factors if experimental data with better statistics become available in the future.
hep-ph
we study the threshold production of two pions induced by neutrinos in nucleon targets the contribution of nucleon pion and contact terms are calculated using a chiral lagrangian the contribution of the roper resonance neglected in earlier studies has also been taken into account the numerical results for the cross sections are presented and compared with the available experimental data it has been found that in the two pion channels with pipi and pi0pi0 in the final state the contribution of the n1440 is quite important and could be used to determine the n1440 electroweak transition form factors if experimental data with better statistics become available in the future
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'threshold', 'production', 'of', 'two', 'pions', 'induced', 'by', 'neutrinos', 'in', 'nucleon', 'targets', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'nucleon', 'pion', 'and', 'contact', 'terms', 'are', 'calculated', 'using', 'a', 'chiral', 'lagrangian', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'the', 'roper', 'resonance', 'neglected', 'in', 'earlier', 'studies', 'has', 'also', 'been', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'numerical', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'cross', 'sections', 'are', 'presented', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'the', 'available', 'experimental', 'data', 'it', 'has', 'been', 'found', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'pion', 'channels', 'with', 'pipi', 'and', 'pi0pi0', 'in', 'the', 'final', 'state', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'the', 'n1440', 'is', 'quite', 'important', 'and', 'could', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'n1440', 'electroweak', 'transition', 'form', 'factors', 'if', 'experimental', 'data', 'with', 'better', 'statistics', 'become', 'available', 'in', 'the', 'future']]
[-0.07789642879431811, 0.18671587950746538, -0.10485597634089923, 0.12617669800198167, -0.02051397807332217, -0.07674724443328626, -0.0012595303518988124, 0.35329733990611284, -0.15317319683867311, -0.25018368400377006, -0.0021276458074689047, -0.3603524365077872, -0.055906896573414494, 0.15237210539742074, 0.09497917200002921, 0.10010155102819068, 0.11182878853073942, 0.06754484481750689, -0.004254130456476993, -0.21567610910572454, 0.34141818483129416, 0.053162941076886766, 0.23491038746999388, 0.1883888576359172, 0.014435580480895048, -0.006695993975180825, -0.054322598994935974, -0.03202565294506729, -0.13753540072289194, 0.08081839055062161, 0.2915222718094159, 0.06965307348809384, 0.1263447373661153, -0.4073275382109328, -0.1514513271886411, 0.09548821415401859, 0.18777441825299018, 0.1304341554406757, -0.04362406362907602, -0.32224317871615155, 0.0902366206501696, -0.20062705515584814, -0.09671712387780394, -0.10737634911586386, -0.006181629148734853, -0.03434934014552743, -0.28717805246967787, 0.0649348505099257, -0.01790893161370325, 0.024056790783198192, -0.08587256643639177, -0.2769023126777296, -0.03218946088566829, 0.14147589841447428, 0.1399113329687079, 0.05815158623544106, 0.14134442735967492, -0.14942495188240065, -0.1179750042395034, 0.43114486811768027, -0.04546610251445016, -0.19296576507355367, 0.09330823109271603, -0.1862112478515424, -0.13161038106879852, 0.1850670150677682, 0.17048238639489088, 0.043376648582842785, -0.2025044853371833, 0.05825573069026369, -0.021175008361150913, 0.15582351123704788, 0.05370478464478473, 0.044703545858399994, 0.15487689201062152, 0.19626040985688156, -0.05894314691663609, 0.09294277132347807, -0.10989957175926741, -0.0933251741572941, -0.33473461736506277, -0.08640080702345852, -0.11592586053569519, 0.017098939615523938, -0.010470968691969649, -0.05581294898576009, 0.36197781583097755, 0.10310604072970535, 0.2631238751335565, -0.0500021075248855, 0.32814410050749915, 0.12019234506142061, 0.10663605695419492, 0.04432410697897025, 0.3451702766923593, 0.17772323821261182, 0.11167828655810258, -0.24389695067283348, 0.0741120211421213, -0.0006177774075111118]
710.3563
Langmuir wave filamentation instability
A Langmuir wave (LW) model is constructed whose equilibria are consistent with stimulated Raman scatter optimization, with Hamiltonian dynamics and with rotational invariance. Linear instability analysis includes terms to all orders in wave amplitude and fluctuation wavenumber expansions, deltak. Resultant LW modulational instability is nonstandard: as the LW amplitude increases, unstable deltak range first expands and then shrinks to zero. Large amplitude wave model dynamics requires hyper-diffraction terms if k LambdaD < 0.45, lest artificially small length scales become unstable.
physics.plasm-ph
a langmuir wave lw model is constructed whose equilibria are consistent with stimulated raman scatter optimization with hamiltonian dynamics and with rotational invariance linear instability analysis includes terms to all orders in wave amplitude and fluctuation wavenumber expansions deltak resultant lw modulational instability is nonstandard as the lw amplitude increases unstable deltak range first expands and then shrinks to zero large amplitude wave model dynamics requires hyperdiffraction terms if k lambdad 045 lest artificially small length scales become unstable
[['a', 'langmuir', 'wave', 'lw', 'model', 'is', 'constructed', 'whose', 'equilibria', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'stimulated', 'raman', 'scatter', 'optimization', 'with', 'hamiltonian', 'dynamics', 'and', 'with', 'rotational', 'invariance', 'linear', 'instability', 'analysis', 'includes', 'terms', 'to', 'all', 'orders', 'in', 'wave', 'amplitude', 'and', 'fluctuation', 'wavenumber', 'expansions', 'deltak', 'resultant', 'lw', 'modulational', 'instability', 'is', 'nonstandard', 'as', 'the', 'lw', 'amplitude', 'increases', 'unstable', 'deltak', 'range', 'first', 'expands', 'and', 'then', 'shrinks', 'to', 'zero', 'large', 'amplitude', 'wave', 'model', 'dynamics', 'requires', 'hyperdiffraction', 'terms', 'if', 'k', 'lambdad', '045', 'lest', 'artificially', 'small', 'length', 'scales', 'become', 'unstable']]
[-0.2200532404658122, 0.2895255187550225, -0.03579331001935479, 0.07947279993767062, -0.08309615137748039, -0.11907888962051426, -0.012481420938573323, 0.28032115321510875, -0.26425441121682525, -0.2313770611818211, 0.06353370919495295, -0.2889424405203989, -0.11259275337514014, 0.1590343239144064, 0.07424645053031735, 0.06030794698148011, 0.02256742388738367, -0.042926084536772505, -0.027687829110222176, -0.17813376001774883, 0.25887911945868, 0.1037538112141192, 0.2847892193195338, -0.044707840762268275, 0.044150281915417276, -0.003507107215670821, 0.004587261985318783, -0.022172846174679506, -0.19089615201720825, -0.04963675916242676, 0.24184628519922113, 0.020918400540279273, 0.2633395672011643, -0.3652802189000142, -0.2565561095849635, 0.06000726424062099, 0.241324103398559, 0.13325849872751114, 0.07605943582483377, -0.23544484338699243, 0.05067615092505152, -0.13169031122174019, -0.1918478569923303, -0.06824929964465973, 0.08521384289428496, 0.009936542333796239, -0.297964639776649, 0.1940196641565611, 0.034309676934917197, 0.053814151213886455, -0.051564884007884525, -0.100087512177057, -0.1385008079797001, -0.03490627775840366, 0.10777630093089567, 0.08116026578518824, 0.12956991760084072, -0.08414411326297201, 0.014717831261432132, 0.3613903421120575, -0.12305990332224144, -0.12334229253853361, 0.13800318657945937, -0.1699211693321092, -0.01600933346474985, 0.28229204025000143, 0.1212995104105152, 0.0817494349888502, -0.01024210205874764, 0.1025718649803028, 0.06975537321275811, 0.25553502283918744, 0.18343051691921666, 0.07593708789835756, 0.20563861103549314, 0.15746995283123583, 0.04105319584815357, 0.09639624741453773, -0.0776263768128, -0.09897737556662506, -0.3023027717255247, 0.00714874803685607, -0.10037730153476915, 0.04920852523709749, -0.1178628088339629, -0.1870724837630032, 0.3485333477266324, 0.11126415743731344, 0.1597247947461139, 0.09337224004169305, 0.2922985173451404, 0.2169351104202155, 0.04292508353216526, 0.09583510894280596, 0.26592878501814526, 0.18861469420610377, 0.06363222934305668, -0.25360026588523166, -0.0201267933843132, 0.07020109037134367]
710.3564
Some comments on embedding inflation in the AdS/CFT correspondence
The anti-de Sitter space/conformal field theory correspondence (AdS/CFT) can potentially provide a complete formulation of string theory on a landscape of stable and metastable vacua that naturally give rise to eternal inflation. As a model for this process, we consider bubble solutions with de Sitter interiors, obtained by patching together dS and Schwarzschild-AdS solutions along a bubble wall. For an interesting subclass of these solutions the bubble wall reaches spacelike infinity in the black hole interior. Including the effects of perturbations leads to a null singularity emanating from this point. Such solutions are interpreted as states in a single CFT, and are shown to be compatible with holographic entropy bounds. The construction suggests de Sitter entropy be interpreted as the total number of degrees of freedom in effective field theory, with a novel adaptive stepsize cutoff.
hep-th
the antide sitter spaceconformal field theory correspondence adscft can potentially provide a complete formulation of string theory on a landscape of stable and metastable vacua that naturally give rise to eternal inflation as a model for this process we consider bubble solutions with de sitter interiors obtained by patching together ds and schwarzschildads solutions along a bubble wall for an interesting subclass of these solutions the bubble wall reaches spacelike infinity in the black hole interior including the effects of perturbations leads to a null singularity emanating from this point such solutions are interpreted as states in a single cft and are shown to be compatible with holographic entropy bounds the construction suggests de sitter entropy be interpreted as the total number of degrees of freedom in effective field theory with a novel adaptive stepsize cutoff
[['the', 'antide', 'sitter', 'spaceconformal', 'field', 'theory', 'correspondence', 'adscft', 'can', 'potentially', 'provide', 'a', 'complete', 'formulation', 'of', 'string', 'theory', 'on', 'a', 'landscape', 'of', 'stable', 'and', 'metastable', 'vacua', 'that', 'naturally', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'eternal', 'inflation', 'as', 'a', 'model', 'for', 'this', 'process', 'we', 'consider', 'bubble', 'solutions', 'with', 'de', 'sitter', 'interiors', 'obtained', 'by', 'patching', 'together', 'ds', 'and', 'schwarzschildads', 'solutions', 'along', 'a', 'bubble', 'wall', 'for', 'an', 'interesting', 'subclass', 'of', 'these', 'solutions', 'the', 'bubble', 'wall', 'reaches', 'spacelike', 'infinity', 'in', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'interior', 'including', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'perturbations', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'null', 'singularity', 'emanating', 'from', 'this', 'point', 'such', 'solutions', 'are', 'interpreted', 'as', 'states', 'in', 'a', 'single', 'cft', 'and', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'compatible', 'with', 'holographic', 'entropy', 'bounds', 'the', 'construction', 'suggests', 'de', 'sitter', 'entropy', 'be', 'interpreted', 'as', 'the', 'total', 'number', 'of', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'in', 'effective', 'field', 'theory', 'with', 'a', 'novel', 'adaptive', 'stepsize', 'cutoff']]
[-0.1451048385583015, 0.15436490849681242, -0.16176808589850278, 0.11346988243045576, -0.09282195895930807, -0.15290222911040902, 0.008604856310686207, 0.2600238253448076, -0.19902247294564457, -0.24792782427154153, 0.12145681206140366, -0.26875663428183866, -0.10472529489368967, 0.14366625803214608, -0.0998691764612244, 0.02994866335018956, 0.021870007313897506, 0.054745772126111925, -0.049795107534223726, -0.18774949340748956, 0.34438042453942164, 0.0634434089947985, 0.2817517301916857, 0.004842556903467458, 0.10262380332235754, -0.030197596865678755, 0.04504301161025925, 0.09503081916858826, -0.2074048277695243, 0.08050562617127606, 0.2572833826967219, 0.1419200352701249, 0.189971021414214, -0.4547201338539119, -0.27565977006259557, 0.08110927759245147, 0.19205335674547208, 0.18328521174707396, -0.07815049383498263, -0.2987453308545382, 0.0486666782064062, -0.17487657453645677, -0.21677682811380639, -0.07574995032251429, -0.010280271582921748, -0.07126320444513112, -0.24170389931703753, 0.10401644150667433, 0.0037990180049639415, -0.0045631830888690755, -0.1072915402978919, -0.02875855500700281, -0.0646082294800127, 0.021935615681714433, 0.1434421853369071, 0.07001442249919124, 0.12165008718490272, -0.13612012274782448, -0.14103564629262752, 0.2996629220467773, -0.096634737762061, -0.20134567251593313, 0.16510436984176255, -0.12780428164542706, -0.08549003348247532, 0.14430297202060877, 0.11407140731770436, 0.19407710186137325, -0.0849011511035154, 0.2004707231420017, 0.025392206354915875, 0.0917548335815167, 0.16575756017118692, 0.07134458627628834, 0.33967582280199754, 0.09459340187587419, 0.08053681275615578, 0.19138790981892004, 0.007393562044051257, -0.165639068273937, -0.40823807485182495, -0.16013250051101374, -0.11203021109994392, 0.10101306277690181, -0.19778312910110638, -0.26301493704886525, 0.3186377441888908, 0.06364463069364908, 0.2271499182440012, 0.03482812138356488, 0.1701601008501123, 0.06634606097513289, 0.02945183402420405, 0.09756989437429343, 0.27342349340153094, 0.11149335376873803, 0.11542168162037235, -0.2135439555568155, -0.08187771680326585, 0.15351482850554235]
710.3565
Robustness of key features of loop quantum cosmology
Loop quantum cosmology of the k=0 FRW model (with a massless scalar field) is shown to be exactly soluble if the scalar field is used as the internal time already in the classical Hamiltonian theory. Analytical methods are then used i) to show that the quantum bounce is generic; ii) to establish that the matter density has an absolute upper bound which, furthermore, equals the critical density that first emerged in numerical simulations and effective equations; iii) to bring out the precise sense in which the Wheeler DeWitt theory approximates loop quantum cosmology and the sense in which this approximation fails; and iv) to show that discreteness underlying LQC is fundamental. Finally, the model is compared to analogous discussions in the literature and it is pointed out that some of their expectations do not survive a more careful examination. An effort has been made to make the underlying structure transparent also to those who are not familiar with details of loop quantum gravity.
gr-qc hep-th
loop quantum cosmology of the k0 frw model with a massless scalar field is shown to be exactly soluble if the scalar field is used as the internal time already in the classical hamiltonian theory analytical methods are then used i to show that the quantum bounce is generic ii to establish that the matter density has an absolute upper bound which furthermore equals the critical density that first emerged in numerical simulations and effective equations iii to bring out the precise sense in which the wheeler dewitt theory approximates loop quantum cosmology and the sense in which this approximation fails and iv to show that discreteness underlying lqc is fundamental finally the model is compared to analogous discussions in the literature and it is pointed out that some of their expectations do not survive a more careful examination an effort has been made to make the underlying structure transparent also to those who are not familiar with details of loop quantum gravity
[['loop', 'quantum', 'cosmology', 'of', 'the', 'k0', 'frw', 'model', 'with', 'a', 'massless', 'scalar', 'field', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'exactly', 'soluble', 'if', 'the', 'scalar', 'field', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'the', 'internal', 'time', 'already', 'in', 'the', 'classical', 'hamiltonian', 'theory', 'analytical', 'methods', 'are', 'then', 'used', 'i', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'quantum', 'bounce', 'is', 'generic', 'ii', 'to', 'establish', 'that', 'the', 'matter', 'density', 'has', 'an', 'absolute', 'upper', 'bound', 'which', 'furthermore', 'equals', 'the', 'critical', 'density', 'that', 'first', 'emerged', 'in', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'and', 'effective', 'equations', 'iii', 'to', 'bring', 'out', 'the', 'precise', 'sense', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'wheeler', 'dewitt', 'theory', 'approximates', 'loop', 'quantum', 'cosmology', 'and', 'the', 'sense', 'in', 'which', 'this', 'approximation', 'fails', 'and', 'iv', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'discreteness', 'underlying', 'lqc', 'is', 'fundamental', 'finally', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'compared', 'to', 'analogous', 'discussions', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'pointed', 'out', 'that', 'some', 'of', 'their', 'expectations', 'do', 'not', 'survive', 'a', 'more', 'careful', 'examination', 'an', 'effort', 'has', 'been', 'made', 'to', 'make', 'the', 'underlying', 'structure', 'transparent', 'also', 'to', 'those', 'who', 'are', 'not', 'familiar', 'with', 'details', 'of', 'loop', 'quantum', 'gravity']]
[-0.08494377800297746, 0.13031456496818647, -0.1540377226006811, 0.11058219222343338, -0.10556483930376775, -0.18005504352404833, -0.009192042408419624, 0.3413434360787684, -0.22136441850177715, -0.27645914689094925, 0.07759923988987515, -0.2536071668281877, -0.1731639041028277, 0.1777168488268529, -0.053609960742489055, 0.037422562003752755, 0.026694201924295332, 0.10908622539281632, -0.06218332630307899, -0.28136084083484864, 0.29371094411136184, 0.09904815460858078, 0.250369288067282, 0.039791280852253634, 0.05924297517816896, -0.054228764328037166, -0.01220443652531395, 0.049749662948235227, -0.15362726050780615, 0.0767086008285098, 0.230087236993899, 0.09660973461633912, 0.2551453796978126, -0.4339730136919241, -0.23875650718945302, 0.10262053800129727, 0.14566546435142222, 0.1570969622309371, -0.0177174651545531, -0.27015008018609205, 0.09869813485402454, -0.14729198100091032, -0.15736138327275775, -0.0842019595845711, 0.021838628723388938, -0.07523911005975126, -0.21255492981404717, 0.049665554312694864, 0.04416938521042238, -0.01889829611869249, -0.02335685365004865, -0.08769561434621734, -0.01994188766115191, 0.1167853402146681, 0.057071542930132224, 0.04322503977369494, 0.10488688396689899, -0.13294706789439578, -0.10170902504922788, 0.3986060034049435, -0.05842207487925396, -0.19054762532568872, 0.16033281658153317, -0.15501398400352137, -0.11862182561479555, 0.09632302463580311, 0.0620140574852496, 0.07608594705902062, -0.14501634425879315, 0.16660746267391083, -0.027192660608825966, 0.15628429071726335, 0.042002536957809256, 0.013642586853378024, 0.21149165198732556, 0.08165459501259943, 0.04484633701579199, 0.06815610641107946, -0.01166959632576609, -0.19020317073649315, -0.3531488491667926, -0.17672284594429885, -0.14173599976212062, 0.08878827396443863, -0.056753654012590804, -0.1968982388657172, 0.33067657779673676, 0.1810874251453806, 0.13787166442882065, 0.02479852567086899, 0.2886816280511168, 0.14044394868246046, 0.05310272401415863, 0.10384953902474393, 0.289543147711119, 0.1754635153195472, 0.06954302851459229, -0.2107949828517629, 0.0018244690798862946, 0.06581774579526777]
710.3566
Markov Chain Methods For Analyzing Complex Transport Networks
We have developed a steady state theory of complex transport networks used to model the flow of commodity, information, viruses, opinions, or traffic. Our approach is based on the use of the Markov chains defined on the graph representations of transport networks allowing for the effective network design, network performance evaluation, embedding, partitioning, and network fault tolerance analysis. Random walks embed graphs into Euclidean space in which distances and angles acquire a clear statistical interpretation. Being defined on the dual graph representations of transport networks random walks describe the equilibrium configurations of not random commodity flows on primary graphs. This theory unifies many network concepts into one framework and can also be elegantly extended to describe networks represented by directed graphs and multiple interacting networks.
physics.soc-ph physics.data-an
we have developed a steady state theory of complex transport networks used to model the flow of commodity information viruses opinions or traffic our approach is based on the use of the markov chains defined on the graph representations of transport networks allowing for the effective network design network performance evaluation embedding partitioning and network fault tolerance analysis random walks embed graphs into euclidean space in which distances and angles acquire a clear statistical interpretation being defined on the dual graph representations of transport networks random walks describe the equilibrium configurations of not random commodity flows on primary graphs this theory unifies many network concepts into one framework and can also be elegantly extended to describe networks represented by directed graphs and multiple interacting networks
[['we', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'steady', 'state', 'theory', 'of', 'complex', 'transport', 'networks', 'used', 'to', 'model', 'the', 'flow', 'of', 'commodity', 'information', 'viruses', 'opinions', 'or', 'traffic', 'our', 'approach', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'the', 'markov', 'chains', 'defined', 'on', 'the', 'graph', 'representations', 'of', 'transport', 'networks', 'allowing', 'for', 'the', 'effective', 'network', 'design', 'network', 'performance', 'evaluation', 'embedding', 'partitioning', 'and', 'network', 'fault', 'tolerance', 'analysis', 'random', 'walks', 'embed', 'graphs', 'into', 'euclidean', 'space', 'in', 'which', 'distances', 'and', 'angles', 'acquire', 'a', 'clear', 'statistical', 'interpretation', 'being', 'defined', 'on', 'the', 'dual', 'graph', 'representations', 'of', 'transport', 'networks', 'random', 'walks', 'describe', 'the', 'equilibrium', 'configurations', 'of', 'not', 'random', 'commodity', 'flows', 'on', 'primary', 'graphs', 'this', 'theory', 'unifies', 'many', 'network', 'concepts', 'into', 'one', 'framework', 'and', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'elegantly', 'extended', 'to', 'describe', 'networks', 'represented', 'by', 'directed', 'graphs', 'and', 'multiple', 'interacting', 'networks']]
[-0.1482760454788804, 0.09127436346560716, -0.09824839181639254, 0.07038416428864003, -0.07519408354163169, -0.1698186466023326, 0.03120611030422151, 0.4281557617783546, -0.3076165649534669, -0.2692960339188576, 0.09912951584439725, -0.24708302592486142, -0.21116559492610396, 0.13583788827434182, -0.06501269475743175, 0.07167750915884971, 0.11267852820723784, 0.04750436130911112, 0.016854439098387956, -0.23153338555293157, 0.3089333364609629, 0.0014935954995453358, 0.3363101246133447, 0.03673084178939462, 0.12346677692607046, 0.050783397320657966, -0.022106466942001135, 0.08299213450751268, -0.0996374156177044, 0.17680912099778653, 0.25473980693891646, 0.1498408438563347, 0.24144306891784073, -0.4735540620237589, -0.3145403001084924, 0.15159616361185907, 0.14643935276567935, 0.0770821887953207, 0.0533766668215394, -0.3296330596655607, 0.05038205275684595, -0.18223952851444483, -0.026261067878454922, -0.1095371957346797, -0.0410930944159627, 0.028112597772851588, -0.22390148746594787, -0.027967584535013884, 0.04393848527781665, 0.03810892044752836, -5.989648262038827e-05, -0.09581352733448148, -0.028840337192639707, 0.18264795890636742, -0.04533874102495611, 0.009238799630664289, 0.17124105962365865, -0.11355880135856569, -0.2079146966189146, 0.36704377019405365, 0.0025916168708354234, -0.2393221919182688, 0.16679318920709194, -0.03326758087053895, -0.1747221109867096, 0.09454037722200155, 0.27087483792752026, 0.10320216712355613, -0.18363525469601155, 0.04319201855920255, -0.049143928952515126, 0.11559117059689016, 0.03513796847499907, 0.01697906157746911, 0.19298497213609517, 0.22237170766294004, 0.08316471075033768, 0.13901357746776194, -0.02291555255651474, -0.17647356382012366, -0.2085002450873144, -0.10050964010413736, -0.21403660736978053, 0.04993492172576953, -0.17929265386192128, -0.21980239764973522, 0.4418962470777333, 0.15413841294869782, 0.18338420229777694, 0.14027218478824943, 0.2803943597711623, 0.03644760393816978, 0.07546522352844477, 0.14678375173546374, 0.11150463473796844, 0.1733916976917535, 0.11631854843348265, -0.10766015296429396, 0.10498747477866709, 0.10794601350277662]
710.3567
Nonlinear NMR dynamics in hyperpolarized liquid 3He
In a highly polarized liquid (laser-polarized 3He-4He mixtures in our experiment), dipolar magnetic interactions within the liquid introduce a significant nonlinear and nonlocal contribution to the Bloch equation that leads to instabilities during NMR evolution. We have launched a study of these instabilities using spin echo techniques. At high magnetizations, a simple 180 degree rf pulse fails to refocus magnetization, so we use a standard solid-state NMR pulse sequence: the magic sandwich. We report an experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of this sequence on unstable NMR evolution. Using a series of repeated magic sandwich sequences, the transverse magnetization lifetime can be increased by up to three orders of magnitude.
cond-mat.other
in a highly polarized liquid laserpolarized 3he4he mixtures in our experiment dipolar magnetic interactions within the liquid introduce a significant nonlinear and nonlocal contribution to the bloch equation that leads to instabilities during nmr evolution we have launched a study of these instabilities using spin echo techniques at high magnetizations a simple 180 degree rf pulse fails to refocus magnetization so we use a standard solidstate nmr pulse sequence the magic sandwich we report an experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of this sequence on unstable nmr evolution using a series of repeated magic sandwich sequences the transverse magnetization lifetime can be increased by up to three orders of magnitude
[['in', 'a', 'highly', 'polarized', 'liquid', 'laserpolarized', '3he4he', 'mixtures', 'in', 'our', 'experiment', 'dipolar', 'magnetic', 'interactions', 'within', 'the', 'liquid', 'introduce', 'a', 'significant', 'nonlinear', 'and', 'nonlocal', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'bloch', 'equation', 'that', 'leads', 'to', 'instabilities', 'during', 'nmr', 'evolution', 'we', 'have', 'launched', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'these', 'instabilities', 'using', 'spin', 'echo', 'techniques', 'at', 'high', 'magnetizations', 'a', 'simple', '180', 'degree', 'rf', 'pulse', 'fails', 'to', 'refocus', 'magnetization', 'so', 'we', 'use', 'a', 'standard', 'solidstate', 'nmr', 'pulse', 'sequence', 'the', 'magic', 'sandwich', 'we', 'report', 'an', 'experimental', 'and', 'numerical', 'investigation', 'of', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'this', 'sequence', 'on', 'unstable', 'nmr', 'evolution', 'using', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'repeated', 'magic', 'sandwich', 'sequences', 'the', 'transverse', 'magnetization', 'lifetime', 'can', 'be', 'increased', 'by', 'up', 'to', 'three', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude']]
[-0.13356971578587862, 0.2198119945709054, -0.08082099787901495, 0.04044782495316626, -0.04480160079388456, -0.10159353643063117, 0.030592902113725853, 0.41774808123538437, -0.26914824704554946, -0.2893793024292046, 0.06790786284995688, -0.2615276306232607, -0.07693721853535283, 0.2181988716464151, 0.036175392946990376, 0.044703663455915046, 0.05965801792388613, -0.03742279086939313, -0.09975329258119349, -0.19853016073519195, 0.24593447853218425, 0.04011228518052535, 0.2768734352663159, 0.03305723604915494, 0.08981388837670569, 0.0125304486814209, 0.07473120495507662, -0.0021048214625228536, -0.12147477356623064, 0.06234333691695197, 0.23185648773796858, -0.008176092608747158, 0.22695590281351047, -0.4820081677557689, -0.18842689994172276, 0.07811809486116875, 0.14536061908372425, 0.17257924527353183, -0.0648241472835335, -0.25808700063181195, 0.019454300304112788, -0.18188180761022854, -0.13689665763681247, -0.12046016649321907, -0.022593239779499445, 0.04526541546907869, -0.2520267217737538, 0.08679765568919141, 0.08731942289424213, 0.10604334993457253, -0.056911803972484035, -0.08497038244862448, 0.03475865586449138, 0.036241809803653845, 0.02701724080199545, 0.06179021803704514, 0.1538788603618741, -0.08497147564987906, -0.14268382174724883, 0.2892607608132742, -0.09797135171035982, -0.11666381355925379, 0.15042046108918095, -0.18826474750054661, -0.09558619325133887, 0.19188934003256938, 0.15680067007091236, 0.13764748889847067, -0.10917739329690283, -0.02636612076841464, 0.004751505556685681, 0.240349013349888, 0.0758057573916052, 0.011140503979880702, 0.22648391100493345, 0.22670315229757265, 0.015604270751249384, 0.1914639837224968, -0.15282467572145503, -0.06098648628897287, -0.23351980242878198, -0.11520971997895024, -0.16497971521351826, 0.10670997930944644, -0.0396983778440203, -0.14706450306217778, 0.44498255577954376, 0.1346611606338146, 0.1367851127277721, -0.05266765751875937, 0.293864012719132, 0.07465070142378946, 0.06088517587737773, 0.006139545252716, 0.26324639023726126, 0.20421563887502997, 0.11489519441754303, -0.32069651511476627, 0.041415669899222185, -0.004278411326760595]
710.3568
A criterion for an abelian variety to be simple
In this note we give a numerical criterion that expresses the condition that an abelian variety be simple in terms of an invariant that is closely related to the s-invariant of Ein-Cutkosky-Lazarsfeld. The criterion yields new examples where s-invariants are irrational. It may also be viewed as a statement about the geometry of the ample cone.
math.AG
in this note we give a numerical criterion that expresses the condition that an abelian variety be simple in terms of an invariant that is closely related to the sinvariant of eincutkoskylazarsfeld the criterion yields new examples where sinvariants are irrational it may also be viewed as a statement about the geometry of the ample cone
[['in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'numerical', 'criterion', 'that', 'expresses', 'the', 'condition', 'that', 'an', 'abelian', 'variety', 'be', 'simple', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'an', 'invariant', 'that', 'is', 'closely', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'sinvariant', 'of', 'eincutkoskylazarsfeld', 'the', 'criterion', 'yields', 'new', 'examples', 'where', 'sinvariants', 'are', 'irrational', 'it', 'may', 'also', 'be', 'viewed', 'as', 'a', 'statement', 'about', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'the', 'ample', 'cone']]
[-0.1465097089382735, 0.08877136751808311, -0.15008208482626784, 0.11982715336436575, -0.11402925255454399, -0.14374942372299054, -0.0059993204745379365, 0.31897131983529436, -0.3023428509181196, -0.2388750781347467, 0.1327848877122795, -0.20312711372971534, -0.21742084558037195, 0.27269047087227755, -0.17206257168542255, -0.038300564665008675, 0.02931014308705926, 0.08323725096204064, -0.07671457185536962, -0.2863570133393461, 0.35593251531774345, 0.035167637789113956, 0.21487659353932195, 0.1336798970608718, 0.08980012578355276, -0.03165667228062045, 0.027810755439779976, 0.04595467847856608, -0.15660295769008703, 0.10271325790407983, 0.2595170683312145, 0.15483887386084957, 0.18875876179134304, -0.33649493533779273, -0.12084466351873495, 0.13018775832923976, 0.1205428353764794, 0.07484096837314692, -0.029104781574146314, -0.23472180627286435, 0.14925341209904713, -0.16973223699764772, -0.19708869875493376, -0.1032599688930945, 0.010188712552189828, -0.011248848045414145, -0.2755593967031349, 0.037040606314125896, 0.1324382243085314, 0.09828005414456129, -0.029910933946005323, -0.05890273776921359, -0.010471633690494028, 0.06650508543984457, 0.07433952822519296, 0.06632143590091304, 0.051843668859113345, -0.08494135020724074, -0.11214472925798459, 0.40174644670703197, -0.05288343226367777, -0.272621295533397, 0.15209848349913954, -0.09370958083732561, -0.11924400730058551, 0.12697965760969304, 0.11324955127625302, 0.15951981800185008, -0.08400259265168146, 0.06281056827442212, -0.20711274920031428, 0.10411852741275321, 0.03828360601751642, 0.026311378629708834, 0.1657793766226281, 0.06019502531059764, 0.09927842142907056, 0.16676918806254187, 0.021471442011269656, -0.07652283869683743, -0.4162956102327867, -0.22641927765851672, -0.1407332753169943, 0.1337643659165637, -0.0946098351512443, -0.19208224815401165, 0.36457921328361736, 0.096501226445914, 0.25363916570151396, 0.05230107698589563, 0.2212031914429231, 0.1695141391468827, 0.025040488724004138, 0.02396258804947138, 0.19511826104399832, 0.13913411657241256, -0.003858665461567315, -0.13700609800659796, 0.051835436060686, 0.11559378234669566]
710.3569
On the Eisenstein ideal of Drinfeld modular curves
Let $\goth E(\goth p)$ denote the Eisenstein ideal in the Hecke algebra $\Bbb T(\goth p)$ of the Drinfeld modular curve $X_0(\goth p)$ parameterizing Drinfeld modules of rank two over $\Bbb F_q[T]$ of general characteristic with Hecke level $\goth p$-structure, where $\goth p\triangleleft\Bbb F_q[T]$ is a non-zero prime ideal. We prove that the characteristic $p$ of the field $\Bbb F_q$ does not divide the order of the quotient $\Bbb T(\goth p)/\goth E(\goth p)$ and the Eisenstein ideal $\goth E(\goth p)$ is locally principal.
math.NT
let goth egoth p denote the eisenstein ideal in the hecke algebra bbb tgoth p of the drinfeld modular curve x_0goth p parameterizing drinfeld modules of rank two over bbb f_qt of general characteristic with hecke level goth pstructure where goth ptriangleleftbbb f_qt is a nonzero prime ideal we prove that the characteristic p of the field bbb f_q does not divide the order of the quotient bbb tgoth pgoth egoth p and the eisenstein ideal goth egoth p is locally principal
[['let', 'goth', 'egoth', 'p', 'denote', 'the', 'eisenstein', 'ideal', 'in', 'the', 'hecke', 'algebra', 'bbb', 'tgoth', 'p', 'of', 'the', 'drinfeld', 'modular', 'curve', 'x_0goth', 'p', 'parameterizing', 'drinfeld', 'modules', 'of', 'rank', 'two', 'over', 'bbb', 'f_qt', 'of', 'general', 'characteristic', 'with', 'hecke', 'level', 'goth', 'pstructure', 'where', 'goth', 'ptriangleleftbbb', 'f_qt', 'is', 'a', 'nonzero', 'prime', 'ideal', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'characteristic', 'p', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'bbb', 'f_q', 'does', 'not', 'divide', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'the', 'quotient', 'bbb', 'tgoth', 'pgoth', 'egoth', 'p', 'and', 'the', 'eisenstein', 'ideal', 'goth', 'egoth', 'p', 'is', 'locally', 'principal']]
[-0.34763389896267116, 0.06635957340805386, -0.12154571072329791, -0.032285673099044614, -0.08185192447107954, -0.2165714128790662, -0.12384042303818159, 0.21012405212968588, -0.40739609664067244, -0.08036966824259323, -0.0059427764902536115, -0.24352129301629388, -0.06699009320567338, 0.2072105007365537, -0.1310989510220213, -0.028010402779238157, -0.03269826644100249, 0.18896568764765292, -0.08645439053324457, -0.35981623153799236, 0.43033462342543477, -0.05451005990975178, 0.1999519111779638, -0.058124150997266553, 0.03722816369890307, 0.06207542689755941, 0.03890252553929503, -0.10167024181226644, -0.21690835829166388, 0.07339352768702576, 0.4025653541291085, 0.04175356868355989, 0.22378446276968297, -0.34307338868100673, -0.04617203962213049, 0.3644825921943172, 0.19462521805260807, -0.1745578688569367, 0.06969286439020951, -0.20362962331049717, 0.1570094936969093, -0.19715677860837716, -0.1663439249357161, -0.034321129930993684, 0.197358069042914, 0.02413568513181347, -0.35952644523543614, -0.045482654542399525, 0.13334738303166935, 0.2755551583085878, -0.08311027824544372, -0.21711275265522254, -0.06365817981079602, -0.0383964107097246, -0.11043685754068577, 0.1297177527034924, 0.08379950745102878, -0.05399315684842758, -0.09838157567458275, 0.3762939097120976, -0.04232287411249649, -0.14046859540618384, 0.0013727499112391318, -0.3011730228467152, -0.09560437529132916, 0.141746481653685, 0.045539616487729244, 0.09464413141988469, 0.12531541768485346, 0.34648592712712856, -0.19157831203670073, 0.008970286709089309, 0.10942495725332545, -0.12996103629717629, 0.10531580158754085, -0.04101515173589668, -0.021095170949896175, 0.06653043204166281, 0.004765543370292737, 0.11150935128665505, -0.4465827240775793, -0.22054263991184342, -0.11746651591816679, 0.22007340252812121, -0.14296436139948826, -0.14399265058529684, 0.38721827551340443, 0.013307215347408485, 0.12681551807774946, 0.15664503514432374, 0.14626842102883622, 0.05767104996350379, 0.08044574643747929, 0.05822997412477166, -0.013021144138362546, 0.26426761393220377, -0.16401496111230257, -0.17551406629335803, -0.05895321109356024, 0.23556216193649632]
710.357
Muntz type Theorems I
In this paper, we concentrate our attention on the Muntz problem in the univariate setting and for the uniform norm.
math.CA
in this paper we concentrate our attention on the muntz problem in the univariate setting and for the uniform norm
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'concentrate', 'our', 'attention', 'on', 'the', 'muntz', 'problem', 'in', 'the', 'univariate', 'setting', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'uniform', 'norm']]
[-0.03666154518723488, -0.009477730747312308, -0.03723997568158666, 0.09064808466355316, -0.05719391638413072, -0.03188157482072711, 0.047589234687620774, 0.4103076383471489, -0.27922532372176645, -0.16608145610662178, 0.15419967278139665, -0.23515717815607787, -0.1757545296102762, 0.17007578844204546, -0.19474195567891, 0.0826597617007792, 0.050415083020925525, 0.07491253996267914, -0.06164687504060566, -0.3253908728249371, 0.43462629020214083, 0.011699236091226339, 0.2671135869342834, 0.04252912132069468, 0.05175647388678044, 0.0638084080768749, -0.04197549084201455, -0.043160117045044896, -0.18546443245140837, 0.20807863175286911, 0.2337340883910656, 0.09358177126850933, 0.37981335893273355, -0.41677750274538994, -0.17797910333611072, 0.1973502669017762, 0.10992315225303173, 0.052895397692918775, -0.08198650421691127, -0.25158412344753744, 0.042883461061865094, -0.1347580492612906, -0.05153684788383543, -0.022004517167806624, -0.014007780142128468, 0.012911999970674515, -0.3413126112893224, 0.06775784227065743, 0.18512954795733094, 0.07997815343551337, -0.07526267545763403, -0.1280991009436548, 0.14759165965951979, 0.05652633942663669, 0.08008914673700929, 0.04970800478477031, -0.008211232325993478, -0.1149384098011069, -0.05090491669252515, 0.35098694495391103, -0.03410257203504443, -0.31288291048258543, 0.10897574443370103, -0.17324761569034308, -0.24226070353761314, -0.018873872794210912, 0.2680764325894415, 0.20721439812332393, -0.049387012515217064, 0.19527250858664047, -0.14585316702723503, 0.08121336305048317, 0.06277569055091589, 0.028077084571123123, 0.06631960552185774, 0.16562057631090282, 0.14636147123528645, 0.22665393222123384, -0.07159250647528097, -0.11989554204046726, -0.30429309494793416, -0.16445987847400828, -0.21703505115583538, -0.024958661291748285, -0.05985096208678442, -0.16437098123133181, 0.45426245871931314, 0.17672744989395142, 0.22014614939689636, 0.13940854715183376, 0.2914337459485978, 0.11353640470770188, -0.04871729826554656, 0.07003605389036238, 0.22711359895765781, 0.09730668989941478, 0.15458744701463728, -0.17205799343064426, 0.04715498229488731, 0.10049284575507045]
710.3571
Group Theoretical Construction of Nucleon Operators using All-to-All Quark Propagators
We describe a method to construct irreducible baryon operators using all-to-all quark propagators. It was demonstrated earlier that a large basis of extended baryon operators on anisotropic, quenched lattices can be used to reliably extract the masses of 5 or more excited states in the nucleon channel. All-to-all quark propagators are expected to be needed when studying these excited states on light, dynamical configurations because contributions from multi-particle states are expected to be significant. The dilution method is used to approximate the all-to-all quark propagators. Low-lying eigenmodes can also be used if necessary. For efficient computation of matrix elements of the interpolating operators, the algorithms should exploit the fact that many extended baryon operators can be obtained from the different linear combinations of three-quark colour-singlet operators. The sparseness of the diluted noise vectors also afford several computation simplifications. Some preliminary results are presented for nucleon effective masses.
hep-lat
we describe a method to construct irreducible baryon operators using alltoall quark propagators it was demonstrated earlier that a large basis of extended baryon operators on anisotropic quenched lattices can be used to reliably extract the masses of 5 or more excited states in the nucleon channel alltoall quark propagators are expected to be needed when studying these excited states on light dynamical configurations because contributions from multiparticle states are expected to be significant the dilution method is used to approximate the alltoall quark propagators lowlying eigenmodes can also be used if necessary for efficient computation of matrix elements of the interpolating operators the algorithms should exploit the fact that many extended baryon operators can be obtained from the different linear combinations of threequark coloursinglet operators the sparseness of the diluted noise vectors also afford several computation simplifications some preliminary results are presented for nucleon effective masses
[['we', 'describe', 'a', 'method', 'to', 'construct', 'irreducible', 'baryon', 'operators', 'using', 'alltoall', 'quark', 'propagators', 'it', 'was', 'demonstrated', 'earlier', 'that', 'a', 'large', 'basis', 'of', 'extended', 'baryon', 'operators', 'on', 'anisotropic', 'quenched', 'lattices', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'reliably', 'extract', 'the', 'masses', 'of', '5', 'or', 'more', 'excited', 'states', 'in', 'the', 'nucleon', 'channel', 'alltoall', 'quark', 'propagators', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'needed', 'when', 'studying', 'these', 'excited', 'states', 'on', 'light', 'dynamical', 'configurations', 'because', 'contributions', 'from', 'multiparticle', 'states', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'significant', 'the', 'dilution', 'method', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'approximate', 'the', 'alltoall', 'quark', 'propagators', 'lowlying', 'eigenmodes', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'used', 'if', 'necessary', 'for', 'efficient', 'computation', 'of', 'matrix', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'interpolating', 'operators', 'the', 'algorithms', 'should', 'exploit', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'many', 'extended', 'baryon', 'operators', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'different', 'linear', 'combinations', 'of', 'threequark', 'coloursinglet', 'operators', 'the', 'sparseness', 'of', 'the', 'diluted', 'noise', 'vectors', 'also', 'afford', 'several', 'computation', 'simplifications', 'some', 'preliminary', 'results', 'are', 'presented', 'for', 'nucleon', 'effective', 'masses']]
[-0.0752127316557061, 0.2509172525966451, -0.10096750892286956, 0.16946311211007564, -0.06207732628669818, -0.11285206157402104, 0.05319808873816767, 0.3696886818146422, -0.19487619428217512, -0.2502969427059601, 0.06514151069592228, -0.2801272957047232, -0.09830119395723605, 0.1355400266154308, 0.03710921792999278, 0.0917122712054727, 0.09834038269180222, 0.018496625825483986, -0.08601989080499046, -0.2571042801956741, 0.3294456196302662, -0.017854889303597868, 0.21298810548852293, 0.09214361214718851, 0.022935884475682667, -0.024751703676191113, -0.04967260463353323, -0.03174458545249361, -0.036481282832659306, 0.11309792550453333, 0.2680413349627416, 0.06347959122436793, 0.15329818915398347, -0.44559977040150944, -0.1842500238258037, 0.15866900413442833, 0.2076243335051703, 0.19821933627787497, 0.0001857641597910385, -0.29766847206862507, 0.08508581685244429, -0.19570880911002556, -0.186876461492712, -0.19519386822072676, -0.017418698846444893, -0.005417230957168706, -0.35052497110164843, 0.06921073320962419, -0.05420700743019131, -0.015500580100025856, -0.014370566059765564, -0.21762599172324043, -0.06136264287483353, 0.11235161311389898, 0.0033483496371365224, 0.03380102825788211, 0.134672182532927, -0.09879946702660448, -0.1208233739467984, 0.3677929724332224, -0.04941422724700374, -0.2414294423497453, 0.13345284638712562, -0.12156650224434477, -0.1283193749651237, 0.12018509805962747, 0.19388923290119106, 0.10521462348509156, -0.21296195242346858, 0.06419189191949205, -0.029218970497018423, 0.16272674882340998, 0.06656871801463976, 0.10905462287391732, 0.17320891314496598, 0.1014175010658167, 0.012189081147373305, 0.10905721931968543, 0.0012129298078694514, -0.09027991150339533, -0.2940777152472613, -0.05620040743434358, -0.1833619486055888, 0.03925188226454264, -0.11394448780619419, -0.11564348559813942, 0.4241583485561771, 0.1504582254228746, 0.1783364855361228, -0.00267423814175283, 0.2803957704581371, 0.1426290401453976, 0.1492638401275336, 0.10783503714435715, 0.2402375102778469, 0.22683706580578875, 0.08746384292188399, -0.24165513263191699, -0.022557030935600703, 0.10633238718597865]
710.3572
Theory of semiconductor quantum-wire based single- and two-qubit gates
A GaAs/AlGaAs based two-qubit quantum device that allows the controlled generation and straightforward detection of entanglement by measuring a stationary current-voltage characteristic is proposed. We have developed a two-particle Green's function method of open systems and calculate the properties of three-dimensional interacting entangled systems non-perturbatively. We present concrete device designs and detailed, charge self-consistent predictions. One of the qubits is an all-electric Mach-Zehnder interferometer that consists of two electrostatically defined quantum wires with coupling windows, whereas the second qubit is an electrostatically defined double quantum dot located in a second two-dimensional electron gas beneath the quantum wires. We find that the entanglement of the device can be controlled externally by tuning the tunneling coupling between the two quantum dots.
cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph
a gaasalgaas based twoqubit quantum device that allows the controlled generation and straightforward detection of entanglement by measuring a stationary currentvoltage characteristic is proposed we have developed a twoparticle greens function method of open systems and calculate the properties of threedimensional interacting entangled systems nonperturbatively we present concrete device designs and detailed charge selfconsistent predictions one of the qubits is an allelectric machzehnder interferometer that consists of two electrostatically defined quantum wires with coupling windows whereas the second qubit is an electrostatically defined double quantum dot located in a second twodimensional electron gas beneath the quantum wires we find that the entanglement of the device can be controlled externally by tuning the tunneling coupling between the two quantum dots
[['a', 'gaasalgaas', 'based', 'twoqubit', 'quantum', 'device', 'that', 'allows', 'the', 'controlled', 'generation', 'and', 'straightforward', 'detection', 'of', 'entanglement', 'by', 'measuring', 'a', 'stationary', 'currentvoltage', 'characteristic', 'is', 'proposed', 'we', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'twoparticle', 'greens', 'function', 'method', 'of', 'open', 'systems', 'and', 'calculate', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'threedimensional', 'interacting', 'entangled', 'systems', 'nonperturbatively', 'we', 'present', 'concrete', 'device', 'designs', 'and', 'detailed', 'charge', 'selfconsistent', 'predictions', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'qubits', 'is', 'an', 'allelectric', 'machzehnder', 'interferometer', 'that', 'consists', 'of', 'two', 'electrostatically', 'defined', 'quantum', 'wires', 'with', 'coupling', 'windows', 'whereas', 'the', 'second', 'qubit', 'is', 'an', 'electrostatically', 'defined', 'double', 'quantum', 'dot', 'located', 'in', 'a', 'second', 'twodimensional', 'electron', 'gas', 'beneath', 'the', 'quantum', 'wires', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'entanglement', 'of', 'the', 'device', 'can', 'be', 'controlled', 'externally', 'by', 'tuning', 'the', 'tunneling', 'coupling', 'between', 'the', 'two', 'quantum', 'dots']]
[-0.22448203305786224, 0.20916243267129175, -0.047954444530881754, -0.010001950311286673, 0.05735495089388946, -0.27331476564667806, 0.015751646538147656, 0.38538135890261965, -0.20233798150301857, -0.2776477824106124, -0.039260790821266586, -0.2625003830284446, -0.1236659854047877, 0.26292193505693884, 0.01712877818719805, 0.09728734612077505, 0.02660441820503862, -0.0632380023598671, -0.08474261164391304, -0.19408384105679774, 0.3116982639493311, 0.026456974895804057, 0.29351519618746863, 0.06462901678061535, 0.11660262482913852, 0.02100176634580022, 0.09809020152335063, 0.006314487556512116, -0.13739467809311096, 0.08122327830642462, 0.242119057510956, -0.03185152659630951, 0.2373308682728152, -0.4763689379387793, -0.16428703427346064, 0.0111022072280718, 0.15489281058906257, 0.16396448475762637, -0.06793137116185508, -0.3443424204137458, 0.0022310428712673546, -0.1860382542436739, -0.10297783604674354, -0.05507594155037126, -0.02470441458026777, -0.001641889341457301, -0.24193917457483896, 0.04119268516000329, 0.00421381854264363, 0.027880519996358065, 0.03303216628196156, 0.023406188621991824, 0.009481963695676512, 0.10534942614212006, -0.13194983770499522, 0.004661128308404894, 0.25929057070967826, -0.08461853398495361, -0.19789291443224966, 0.3005993500461473, -0.05451298678027732, -0.1826479607613898, 0.13469239033782118, -0.14505350512957216, -0.017852078602813622, 0.056205524996455224, 0.0931814431815463, 0.11880034550891391, -0.2039506402856694, 0.0888867575597965, -0.03234083361986304, 0.2001809525262455, 0.05146810122053413, 0.09902767378038593, 0.27775060479380503, 0.16650420699284232, 0.06354033435350519, 0.1981810612453367, -0.11356115361534748, -0.12347372416250345, -0.3020252710943963, -0.22391296133492924, -0.2732376284552973, 0.1118569400008893, -0.0375640912470848, -0.18868566426925926, 0.4403859806724456, 0.12211563052832611, 0.12461930878280404, -0.05505543353403879, 0.324719701024915, 0.16462857279331744, 0.06865243208320702, 0.015396709115627934, 0.22980348382559956, 0.1992012589207279, 0.0377579272622947, -0.31362251533604296, 0.01193706803571652, 0.021451936447758134]
710.3573
On the failure of the Poincar\'e Lemma for de-bar-sub-M II
We obtain very sharp results about the lack of validity of the Poincare lemma for the tangential Cauchy Riemann equations, acting on tangential forms, tangential to a CR manifold M of general CR dimension n, and general CR codimension k. This generalizes the classical nonsolvability example of H. Lewy. We also discuss the CR structure on the characteristic bundle to M, due to certain degeneracies in the Levi form. A number of naturally geometrically occuring examples are given.
math.DG math.AP math.CV
we obtain very sharp results about the lack of validity of the poincare lemma for the tangential cauchy riemann equations acting on tangential forms tangential to a cr manifold m of general cr dimension n and general cr codimension k this generalizes the classical nonsolvability example of h lewy we also discuss the cr structure on the characteristic bundle to m due to certain degeneracies in the levi form a number of naturally geometrically occuring examples are given
[['we', 'obtain', 'very', 'sharp', 'results', 'about', 'the', 'lack', 'of', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'poincare', 'lemma', 'for', 'the', 'tangential', 'cauchy', 'riemann', 'equations', 'acting', 'on', 'tangential', 'forms', 'tangential', 'to', 'a', 'cr', 'manifold', 'm', 'of', 'general', 'cr', 'dimension', 'n', 'and', 'general', 'cr', 'codimension', 'k', 'this', 'generalizes', 'the', 'classical', 'nonsolvability', 'example', 'of', 'h', 'lewy', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'the', 'cr', 'structure', 'on', 'the', 'characteristic', 'bundle', 'to', 'm', 'due', 'to', 'certain', 'degeneracies', 'in', 'the', 'levi', 'form', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'naturally', 'geometrically', 'occuring', 'examples', 'are', 'given']]
[-0.20411691832421824, 0.04616572861320888, -0.016723592353698153, 0.08810509175796491, -0.14141685765785858, -0.12201089468092108, -0.039351403987847075, 0.27994942163917214, -0.2893217821808484, -0.2548436610601269, 0.05277249273748543, -0.21515088200939295, -0.13835140114996392, 0.22034697850139287, -0.0753761981972135, -0.018501116786725245, 0.008499980411635568, 0.08943023548748058, -0.12899892896604845, -0.27971757887952176, 0.42367524925905925, 0.003958766760591131, 0.20878462179396778, 0.06775800889143004, 0.07103099106237866, -0.015947637443717282, 0.013927435156148978, 0.0025776727184748803, -0.16487230943181577, 0.16408563806460455, 0.25103177008433986, 0.05742013253546201, 0.20773347035253373, -0.39957022986924035, -0.21055941910554582, 0.13265161563713962, 0.09379726621465614, 0.0195467326288613, 0.007106206544006291, -0.2705350138533574, 0.1222917910796614, -0.07592723524580017, -0.23204941371790108, -0.044330275539929666, 0.032782925030168816, 0.0017439710835997874, -0.2213685284644807, 0.08235109236221223, 0.18723870143413734, 0.0866330847538148, -0.11109143051987466, -0.11320999068900561, -0.06786296375316735, 0.017155541851818085, 0.05426614874532112, 0.012944713636385038, 0.0915411709425732, -0.044646615631138094, -0.033146645372303635, 0.37010108860424507, -0.061889926926829875, -0.2433098731084894, 0.19543981850624847, -0.17527425990929493, -0.15597748867450997, 0.12321414802080163, 0.16444803814952955, 0.13347392485668072, -0.04159524583165199, 0.19788121082148372, -0.08888461329759313, 0.05056252490538053, 0.14174479633593598, -0.0492034852788306, 0.10359485102339815, 0.041410169922388516, 0.13897293105196112, 0.08971777244602354, -0.07698844687846036, -0.03464692304483973, -0.3724590845716496, -0.23111169694516903, -0.1548637767853693, 0.2000674701964435, -0.14318203425183385, -0.1646841136046136, 0.34451710247398853, 0.031083878621500798, 0.2579442985320034, 0.06118815320419694, 0.2226325675415305, 0.07251111110552955, 0.003161922491227205, 0.10697684379724356, 0.14233940125753483, 0.27965460237688744, 0.04931373807649391, -0.16017792837168926, 0.001991457084957988, 0.16759005421175596]
710.3574
A graph theoretic expansion formula for cluster algebras of classical type
In this paper we give a graph theoretic combinatorial interpretation for the cluster variables that arise in most cluster algebras of finite type. In particular, we provide a family of graphs such that a weighted enumeration of their perfect matchings encodes the numerator of the associated Laurent polynomial while decompositions of the graphs correspond to the denominator. This complements recent work by Schiffler and Carroll-Price for a cluster expansion formula for the A_n case while providing a novel interpretation for the B_n, C_n, and D_n cases.
math.CO math.RT
in this paper we give a graph theoretic combinatorial interpretation for the cluster variables that arise in most cluster algebras of finite type in particular we provide a family of graphs such that a weighted enumeration of their perfect matchings encodes the numerator of the associated laurent polynomial while decompositions of the graphs correspond to the denominator this complements recent work by schiffler and carrollprice for a cluster expansion formula for the a_n case while providing a novel interpretation for the b_n c_n and d_n cases
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'graph', 'theoretic', 'combinatorial', 'interpretation', 'for', 'the', 'cluster', 'variables', 'that', 'arise', 'in', 'most', 'cluster', 'algebras', 'of', 'finite', 'type', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'provide', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'graphs', 'such', 'that', 'a', 'weighted', 'enumeration', 'of', 'their', 'perfect', 'matchings', 'encodes', 'the', 'numerator', 'of', 'the', 'associated', 'laurent', 'polynomial', 'while', 'decompositions', 'of', 'the', 'graphs', 'correspond', 'to', 'the', 'denominator', 'this', 'complements', 'recent', 'work', 'by', 'schiffler', 'and', 'carrollprice', 'for', 'a', 'cluster', 'expansion', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'a_n', 'case', 'while', 'providing', 'a', 'novel', 'interpretation', 'for', 'the', 'b_n', 'c_n', 'and', 'd_n', 'cases']]
[-0.16179320751415455, 0.049311953300938884, -0.08452357176472158, 0.05124478297691573, -0.1179151214659214, -0.0928622316897792, 0.04755968920585206, 0.311262694658602, -0.2942737636608346, -0.24599417362033443, 0.0925275722039206, -0.24734391556943164, -0.1794161919203094, 0.17413776528966776, -0.11804086552275454, -0.022614278933307266, 0.08073032607208006, 0.1051221276883392, -0.05760984428574482, -0.28993776246309555, 0.34073633660069286, -0.027053702948614956, 0.19709350192809807, 0.02108897863448981, 0.0936458129545345, 0.04792949565521935, -0.05581078375415767, 0.027793592421542546, -0.19310247384864315, 0.1699800087549888, 0.28549210900331246, 0.14622703321716365, 0.21237065578975223, -0.37931069729520994, -0.12084867257953566, 0.20124432675759582, 0.21987518291810856, 0.06489711755010134, -0.05169078193002326, -0.18774398266995215, 0.09251998217557283, -0.19659685947220115, -0.14873698215164682, -0.04731193309211556, 0.0580300957621897, 0.04083560224595096, -0.27558820180814053, 0.08332243773209698, 0.12523460637997177, 0.08778286455199122, -0.010622602829928784, -0.17981703081442152, 0.054250025173977895, 0.0913036855211591, -0.059159544140429184, 0.01974407541565597, 0.00015534301671911687, -0.15361976596417234, -0.19655088136958726, 0.36781044890761705, 0.03884391424328308, -0.17641857576775638, 0.09733964380095987, -0.14933866768089288, -0.25842686591341213, 0.07520355496500783, 0.08284567575901747, 0.1449277245960034, -0.07764918534632992, 0.13664173883632483, -0.13015543626730933, 0.02876805376042338, 0.12941105732803834, 0.05081458892673254, 0.15923659145174657, 0.07742373283459421, 0.08388435015975333, 0.19555972425595802, 0.028445237960584242, -0.05491265747696161, -0.33275842699496183, -0.16091985377099585, -0.1714545024011065, 0.0736274957547293, -0.19048975496518644, -0.2406816112863667, 0.4036738543825991, 0.07027682627770393, 0.20648899880402227, 0.15080695765586022, 0.19385591556920725, 0.08726056193220703, 0.046569016386809596, 0.02665575100656818, 0.09113501451690408, 0.2263363854439162, 0.03535964221638792, -0.17411532666643753, 0.051558823591810375, 0.1901371153208482]
710.3575
Fundamental Limit to Linear One-Dimensional Slow Light Structures
Using a new general approach to limits in optical structures that counts orthogonal waves generated by scattering, we derive an upper limit to the number of bits of delay possible in one-dimensional slow light structures that are based on linear optical response to the signal field. The limit is essentially the product of the length of the structure in wavelengths and the largest relative change in dielectric constant anywhere in the structure at any frequency of interest. It holds for refractive index, absorption or gain variations with arbitrary spectral or spatial form. It is otherwise completely independent of the details of the structure's design, and does not rely on concepts of group velocity or group delay.
physics.optics
using a new general approach to limits in optical structures that counts orthogonal waves generated by scattering we derive an upper limit to the number of bits of delay possible in onedimensional slow light structures that are based on linear optical response to the signal field the limit is essentially the product of the length of the structure in wavelengths and the largest relative change in dielectric constant anywhere in the structure at any frequency of interest it holds for refractive index absorption or gain variations with arbitrary spectral or spatial form it is otherwise completely independent of the details of the structures design and does not rely on concepts of group velocity or group delay
[['using', 'a', 'new', 'general', 'approach', 'to', 'limits', 'in', 'optical', 'structures', 'that', 'counts', 'orthogonal', 'waves', 'generated', 'by', 'scattering', 'we', 'derive', 'an', 'upper', 'limit', 'to', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'bits', 'of', 'delay', 'possible', 'in', 'onedimensional', 'slow', 'light', 'structures', 'that', 'are', 'based', 'on', 'linear', 'optical', 'response', 'to', 'the', 'signal', 'field', 'the', 'limit', 'is', 'essentially', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'the', 'length', 'of', 'the', 'structure', 'in', 'wavelengths', 'and', 'the', 'largest', 'relative', 'change', 'in', 'dielectric', 'constant', 'anywhere', 'in', 'the', 'structure', 'at', 'any', 'frequency', 'of', 'interest', 'it', 'holds', 'for', 'refractive', 'index', 'absorption', 'or', 'gain', 'variations', 'with', 'arbitrary', 'spectral', 'or', 'spatial', 'form', 'it', 'is', 'otherwise', 'completely', 'independent', 'of', 'the', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'structures', 'design', 'and', 'does', 'not', 'rely', 'on', 'concepts', 'of', 'group', 'velocity', 'or', 'group', 'delay']]
[-0.15812209521918075, 0.13787343780671202, -0.0729058171333424, -0.0047963113350400315, -0.09255775873517168, -0.09415683329079284, 0.054544044963630106, 0.4168789950359998, -0.26973546607668736, -0.2826461494771828, 0.11677997443194758, -0.23525854215379163, -0.14049565670650516, 0.21406199891874889, -0.028199345290917773, 0.016141822471424882, -0.0100711774109092, 0.0649107655405934, -0.042173721029218444, -0.20248810113969676, 0.3222290942654142, 0.0578934495730711, 0.2923728001047054, 0.03181324319930041, 0.0745080300879761, 0.04647610855995324, -0.029333920362566053, 0.018511709391845967, -0.09093638742405315, 0.12250015095673132, 0.2159193616685586, 0.0767955408357701, 0.1954162995339018, -0.41174502927681494, -0.22188853608958167, 0.09921861069020012, 0.12216786957739306, 0.09847757444267385, -0.01378038745766891, -0.23192303896688954, 0.04917807624161501, -0.092596009887498, -0.154562709889182, 0.007920318841131339, 0.051943838565233005, 0.04238376585970494, -0.2483789691920312, 0.06476556069562854, 0.051826625562923785, 0.04139147316490035, -0.046498194397105994, -0.07580760022894287, -0.0036997699885275856, 0.13036759229224368, 0.006435235020913312, -0.029837711381019448, 0.12430624399687452, -0.1235809533431291, -0.0914432807616761, 0.39387708321888126, -0.10860976884154737, -0.196775755379349, 0.15688723873282814, -0.17795176752280958, -0.08541453163870129, 0.19416762522325434, 0.19135732536107816, 0.08533049475176838, -0.09297174054342483, 0.09195076813820974, -0.023852237263405376, 0.2551965675743774, 0.11584935327469982, 0.11069969202498182, 0.1936134537441078, 0.12349180093211733, 0.0774786189712327, 0.08505289240515437, -0.08917278114200473, -0.017873512083716722, -0.2846272683959326, -0.1263879961424491, -0.18980300147086382, 0.061270003755108236, -0.11804927128004833, -0.2041994541655656, 0.385631836764113, 0.12167835066191338, 0.19055559367326827, 0.04241356201839216, 0.3089605124731516, 0.1514775458651049, 0.08832988783050778, 0.08767067594252977, 0.2590689804356802, 0.15774346682431722, 0.06376937262167962, -0.18904591551058572, 0.05732900946368945, 0.03590765202434027]
710.3576
Entanglement between charge qubits induced by a common dissipative environment
We study entanglement generation between two charge qubits due to the strong coupling with a common bosonic environment (Ohmic bath). The coupling to the boson bath is a source of both quantum noise (leading to decoherence) and an indirect interaction between qubits. As a result, two effects compete as a function of the coupling strength with the bath: entanglement generation and charge localization induced by the bath. These two competing effects lead to a non-monotonic behavior of the concurrence as a function of the coupling strength with the bath. As an application, we present results for charge qubits based on double quantum dots.
cond-mat.mes-hall
we study entanglement generation between two charge qubits due to the strong coupling with a common bosonic environment ohmic bath the coupling to the boson bath is a source of both quantum noise leading to decoherence and an indirect interaction between qubits as a result two effects compete as a function of the coupling strength with the bath entanglement generation and charge localization induced by the bath these two competing effects lead to a nonmonotonic behavior of the concurrence as a function of the coupling strength with the bath as an application we present results for charge qubits based on double quantum dots
[['we', 'study', 'entanglement', 'generation', 'between', 'two', 'charge', 'qubits', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'strong', 'coupling', 'with', 'a', 'common', 'bosonic', 'environment', 'ohmic', 'bath', 'the', 'coupling', 'to', 'the', 'boson', 'bath', 'is', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'both', 'quantum', 'noise', 'leading', 'to', 'decoherence', 'and', 'an', 'indirect', 'interaction', 'between', 'qubits', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'two', 'effects', 'compete', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'strength', 'with', 'the', 'bath', 'entanglement', 'generation', 'and', 'charge', 'localization', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'bath', 'these', 'two', 'competing', 'effects', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'nonmonotonic', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'concurrence', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'strength', 'with', 'the', 'bath', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'we', 'present', 'results', 'for', 'charge', 'qubits', 'based', 'on', 'double', 'quantum', 'dots']]
[-0.1819085138623865, 0.25369847176886995, -0.0164123523745288, 0.03280615538485276, 0.012719181999202493, -0.20396839436686154, 0.05197011985707558, 0.34306818972007164, -0.23446070684970005, -0.2955665757554104, -0.011695103104976774, -0.3328491164714966, -0.08828787166552926, 0.1806309572014126, 0.05840268813399146, 0.008337207409797364, 0.028215233155173585, 0.025402335065769627, -0.034718160173919016, -0.17864320384003946, 0.31460358066827926, 0.05029223994713602, 0.28019642126430006, 0.14681707098356728, 0.0892469488961387, 0.016303088520517917, 0.10426942112593396, -0.013325066567914, -0.08360703206322725, 0.045716218478543666, 0.21904118804914371, -0.021578245297824802, 0.27433889962787045, -0.4394835354850709, -0.18827369722347814, 0.09059078350450699, 0.09548259349268617, 0.17522036377566605, -0.0740931442253816, -0.3140591526476359, -0.06256711449546432, -0.23430757842126113, -0.06948927239722853, -0.06334560335324445, 0.004632594324964849, -0.004153288982229904, -0.30192997112861175, 0.09987358424306206, 0.08580539410355166, 0.023657727064293563, 0.018552091135417375, -0.02491978512968398, -0.0021772730453572804, 0.16100711433287004, 0.06468069434247332, 0.030325425248502673, 0.20246386611992404, -0.16004457196347344, -0.15390687206199447, 0.2997749143831649, -0.15539672292624285, -0.22151307856383762, 0.2487373491319674, -0.08157083002886581, -0.03237017961806681, 0.034559623953135846, 0.12349041725861505, 0.08582645655978127, -0.16618320443757892, 0.05295351863210315, 0.06719075066480533, 0.20133725451576767, -0.002733599973245732, 0.18273790777452942, 0.22699712907886405, 0.13570583024451022, 0.07811369176375345, 0.23365870620648477, -0.09286715899304786, -0.14259143944522276, -0.3040866662196598, -0.15814931679842542, -0.2437405825131437, 0.12497790352649336, -0.12337407754882221, -0.16407798175492044, 0.4217578335393907, 0.1602232100575421, 0.19594946198472843, -0.008982540804494931, 0.2835625584409075, 0.1421604022085305, 0.07078158991067733, -0.00749366831269513, 0.26939744855620834, 0.21830267511597537, 0.03375793683785692, -0.37167189791527333, 0.019703777023202296, 0.014102947473236658]
710.3577
External Momentum, Volume Effects, and the Nucleon Magnetic Moment
We analyze the determination of volume effects for correlation functions that depend on an external momentum. As a specific example, we consider finite volume nucleon current correlators, and focus on the nucleon magnetic moment. Because the multipole decomposition relies on SO(3) rotational invariance, the structure of such finite volume corrections is unrelated to infinite volume multipole form factors. One can deduce volume corrections to the magnetic moment only when a zero-mode photon coupling vanishes, as occurs at next-to-leading order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. To deduce such finite volume corrections, however, one must assume continuous momentum transfer. In practice, volume corrections with momentum transfer dependence are required to address the extraction of the magnetic moment, or other observables that arise in momentum dependent correlation functions. Additionally we shed some light on a puzzle concerning differences in lattice form factor data at equal values of momentum transfer squared.
hep-lat hep-ph nucl-th
we analyze the determination of volume effects for correlation functions that depend on an external momentum as a specific example we consider finite volume nucleon current correlators and focus on the nucleon magnetic moment because the multipole decomposition relies on so3 rotational invariance the structure of such finite volume corrections is unrelated to infinite volume multipole form factors one can deduce volume corrections to the magnetic moment only when a zeromode photon coupling vanishes as occurs at nexttoleading order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory to deduce such finite volume corrections however one must assume continuous momentum transfer in practice volume corrections with momentum transfer dependence are required to address the extraction of the magnetic moment or other observables that arise in momentum dependent correlation functions additionally we shed some light on a puzzle concerning differences in lattice form factor data at equal values of momentum transfer squared
[['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'volume', 'effects', 'for', 'correlation', 'functions', 'that', 'depend', 'on', 'an', 'external', 'momentum', 'as', 'a', 'specific', 'example', 'we', 'consider', 'finite', 'volume', 'nucleon', 'current', 'correlators', 'and', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'nucleon', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'because', 'the', 'multipole', 'decomposition', 'relies', 'on', 'so3', 'rotational', 'invariance', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'such', 'finite', 'volume', 'corrections', 'is', 'unrelated', 'to', 'infinite', 'volume', 'multipole', 'form', 'factors', 'one', 'can', 'deduce', 'volume', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'only', 'when', 'a', 'zeromode', 'photon', 'coupling', 'vanishes', 'as', 'occurs', 'at', 'nexttoleading', 'order', 'in', 'heavy', 'baryon', 'chiral', 'perturbation', 'theory', 'to', 'deduce', 'such', 'finite', 'volume', 'corrections', 'however', 'one', 'must', 'assume', 'continuous', 'momentum', 'transfer', 'in', 'practice', 'volume', 'corrections', 'with', 'momentum', 'transfer', 'dependence', 'are', 'required', 'to', 'address', 'the', 'extraction', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'or', 'other', 'observables', 'that', 'arise', 'in', 'momentum', 'dependent', 'correlation', 'functions', 'additionally', 'we', 'shed', 'some', 'light', 'on', 'a', 'puzzle', 'concerning', 'differences', 'in', 'lattice', 'form', 'factor', 'data', 'at', 'equal', 'values', 'of', 'momentum', 'transfer', 'squared']]
[-0.1460907418081046, 0.21575953769648992, -0.06600724792145696, 0.13219850620560072, -0.10076254779611386, -0.053681042743846774, 0.018718918548295955, 0.33105658126894283, -0.23990814317319845, -0.26200066389188775, 0.054757467347568506, -0.3216369193160554, -0.03160515427117463, 0.12425723890113216, 0.01952382957726415, 0.018050069514149957, 0.009240974783834472, 0.07194270517651898, -0.13983791128565506, -0.19503621211412325, 0.3752172288541506, -0.001852217671536916, 0.2841422862083827, 0.16468094527482283, 0.11420612809298611, 0.029355322183864947, -0.042930248476615224, 0.016981108699346315, -0.11973097803422354, 0.05421908157153961, 0.19485137690915852, 0.004517163137427053, 0.19829417016149523, -0.4149159124448291, -0.16431199760188828, 0.10943656418208234, 0.13660142940274012, 0.14680725118346713, -0.04021583862069403, -0.17208698332762798, 0.028822227291498536, -0.18339199534494657, -0.16154275874125873, -0.17822375070977, 0.02226147990724122, 0.011470177628546702, -0.2851719248090474, 0.12852679590090504, 0.008166555574830823, 0.0517170891870518, -0.0441113851171591, -0.17828891344519482, -0.027580592768719873, 0.11186413525354362, 0.11000504971535348, 0.059830755190420394, 0.17503539984731153, -0.13892395618510106, -0.08363597366779514, 0.39767961996934703, -0.05500879990506439, -0.25573868324627747, 0.07039785397717276, -0.23447518164568856, -0.14673203901652046, 0.12676259252632893, 0.21931527912808657, 0.10736046365707659, -0.10144942887750771, 0.1138687291897588, 0.02230069733451347, 0.18560004806243563, 0.09066553667149935, 0.07730077373373599, 0.20423410327576502, 0.08650281128624605, 0.036729745234117366, 0.09616871578445835, -0.07939350994451702, -0.11250828334281372, -0.3506882222262337, -0.10182610575921482, -0.21591988191436473, 0.1036642698659184, -0.11077057080320948, -0.19704221410525813, 0.3269832468579045, 0.10478898572801955, 0.22843620771970097, 0.00041039817261736135, 0.3242178929818643, 0.14484834870185098, 0.1277998591162818, 0.06268726343704337, 0.23169315660256748, 0.16962080769794616, 0.08832147351868853, -0.3035456479064541, 0.017587819306582615, 0.11422287967650697]
710.3578
Creation of macroscopic quantum superposition states by a measurement
We propose a novel protocol for the creation of macroscopic quantum superposition (MQS) states based on a measurement of a non-monotonous function of a quantum collective variable. The main advantage of this protocol is that it does not require switching on and off nonlinear interactions in the system. We predict this protocol to allow the creation of multiatom MQS by measuring the number of atoms coherently outcoupled from a two-component (spinor) Bose-Einstein condensate.
quant-ph
we propose a novel protocol for the creation of macroscopic quantum superposition mqs states based on a measurement of a nonmonotonous function of a quantum collective variable the main advantage of this protocol is that it does not require switching on and off nonlinear interactions in the system we predict this protocol to allow the creation of multiatom mqs by measuring the number of atoms coherently outcoupled from a twocomponent spinor boseeinstein condensate
[['we', 'propose', 'a', 'novel', 'protocol', 'for', 'the', 'creation', 'of', 'macroscopic', 'quantum', 'superposition', 'mqs', 'states', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'measurement', 'of', 'a', 'nonmonotonous', 'function', 'of', 'a', 'quantum', 'collective', 'variable', 'the', 'main', 'advantage', 'of', 'this', 'protocol', 'is', 'that', 'it', 'does', 'not', 'require', 'switching', 'on', 'and', 'off', 'nonlinear', 'interactions', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'we', 'predict', 'this', 'protocol', 'to', 'allow', 'the', 'creation', 'of', 'multiatom', 'mqs', 'by', 'measuring', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'atoms', 'coherently', 'outcoupled', 'from', 'a', 'twocomponent', 'spinor', 'boseeinstein', 'condensate']]
[-0.17307390578167692, 0.22409886831085976, -0.13991960730445124, 0.014257773688407487, -0.018221155013123602, -0.18254180226398453, 0.10612113324746694, 0.3281445064365047, -0.22317795544760685, -0.270789018028403, -0.029340631578895836, -0.2357104517621537, -0.11344334171855286, 0.1896956072903353, 9.009546970259653e-05, 0.07910441028030768, 0.021957928952697204, 0.003687404523514313, -0.009042695866361873, -0.1945263150543587, 0.3607972892765147, -0.008158601198524032, 0.33683662198177755, 0.06493142946967728, 0.15501379835967943, 0.07206892213554517, 0.05038493762609281, -0.040375564724194166, -0.06562489568790475, 0.11055142012319515, 0.1882878271735286, 0.1278176554797651, 0.2889816615322273, -0.456470636845477, -0.1958497022597553, 0.11833668893764485, 0.175534537138596, 0.23576086704070642, -0.047677037156225274, -0.3350068072801175, -0.0382103064186769, -0.19993464657654092, -0.11602360203428423, -0.10668220085232225, 0.0011708869739142183, 0.051019121522772805, -0.23531337330526073, 0.07027334786237102, 0.083138172415066, 0.016305382886569793, -0.0318459637769281, 0.01772993394135408, 0.05230932912393792, 0.053166501061378484, -0.08748099102306958, 0.002230843454152856, 0.15555980369091443, -0.13824553950370788, -0.14579586026399102, 0.36136195219236694, -0.09849743714734707, -0.17514601005368854, 0.14932701113786906, -0.105270733438075, -0.08800493320450187, 0.08859294082663238, 0.1910334301551115, 0.12274088685030807, -0.1334654758620548, -0.013375826040442318, -0.0611282314352487, 0.2301071227515397, 0.016312115564176888, 0.10943235554541014, 0.25450674699593895, 0.18225006557273846, 0.04364794619024208, 0.17719460659969777, -0.06172538341393005, -0.16424255437944849, -0.31396099452363097, -0.1931489540059885, -0.2553133661412213, 0.11580878864253763, 0.003776288234305007, -0.17409464471322827, 0.41822270538708933, 0.15179764672680057, 0.1952964428123342, -0.03428850146903567, 0.31963515434771367, 0.12328306420974128, 0.0740471715362717, 0.003769153352724771, 0.2506688107953292, 0.12842372241621353, 0.10106685307285149, -0.2909009530279173, 0.06415980040057473, 0.019142212811857462]
710.3579
Holomorphic correspondences between CR manifolds
It is proved that a germ of a real analytic CR map from a smooth real-analytic minimal CR manifold M to an essentially finite real-algebraic generic submanifold M' of P^N of the same CR-dimension extends as a holomorphic correspondence along M. Applications are given for pseudoconcave submanifolds of P^N.
math.CV math.AG math.DG
it is proved that a germ of a real analytic cr map from a smooth realanalytic minimal cr manifold m to an essentially finite realalgebraic generic submanifold m of pn of the same crdimension extends as a holomorphic correspondence along m applications are given for pseudoconcave submanifolds of pn
[['it', 'is', 'proved', 'that', 'a', 'germ', 'of', 'a', 'real', 'analytic', 'cr', 'map', 'from', 'a', 'smooth', 'realanalytic', 'minimal', 'cr', 'manifold', 'm', 'to', 'an', 'essentially', 'finite', 'realalgebraic', 'generic', 'submanifold', 'm', 'of', 'pn', 'of', 'the', 'same', 'crdimension', 'extends', 'as', 'a', 'holomorphic', 'correspondence', 'along', 'm', 'applications', 'are', 'given', 'for', 'pseudoconcave', 'submanifolds', 'of', 'pn']]
[-0.294621967463469, -0.0327200478068149, -0.06233708840813868, 0.05761614135152907, -0.0792226625454365, -0.16633985298020498, -0.06964243442884513, 0.3098979160398701, -0.24948099673706658, -0.15652434660920075, 0.012795660711292709, -0.25833926638778376, -0.16753412629192582, 0.2361807154957205, -0.12399032221612882, 0.016303291173689827, 0.0570583529010111, 0.0811779045152991, -0.12627045513244764, -0.2251281306071549, 0.44316529368563573, -0.058878479981604885, 0.1477029664175851, 0.03385160047066759, 0.1560666868273093, -0.023579064129414608, 0.07075724716545367, 0.004407311177917053, -0.1481431365372169, 0.12592348161780711, 0.3068838061726823, 0.09025125738651472, 0.15914077931368836, -0.3532938584305194, -0.24175626290391902, 0.1754576849504089, 0.16522633003983267, -0.06851707175564097, -0.0060243002348104304, -0.26768145166641594, 0.19051621923679296, -0.07443165889351952, -0.22771162689872543, -0.012593962746311207, 0.10000717447956606, 0.018059650093925243, -0.26436997870249407, -0.06716945516515752, 0.17188871243246356, 0.130907553723272, -0.06899032330292525, -0.06373159102715399, -0.14146521668501047, 0.08536381350488079, -0.04242293404092138, 0.1956179617067837, 0.1270630483002383, 0.007827762533359381, -0.023427155553078165, 0.339348629117012, -0.10912440205943219, -0.2936080431527629, 0.16749779832530387, -0.15712106157550398, -0.1430423666285921, 0.20141493657850945, 0.09449148849032972, 0.19862520953222196, -0.09443200631447289, 0.304001148885154, -0.0915143625924782, 0.03635098135136828, 0.10987049983624293, -0.09804425691729601, 0.12214451172978294, 0.10162342290336988, 0.1846490620673463, 0.04279321301918553, 0.009260203651323611, 0.012439308954136712, -0.3861463562566407, -0.2787039269674189, -0.23415005929311927, 0.2515371483940707, -0.1342433761254105, -0.20263879601748622, 0.3391180702162032, -0.053321754217756034, 0.3035648760328792, 0.10076802558436686, 0.2373802014341464, 0.009334124812419166, -0.013972342228136805, 0.0935609459743968, 0.10328975135260927, 0.20466309730723806, -0.005126910374442838, -0.0669816767473762, -0.05071588822317367, 0.1095250743745389]
710.358
Computer Based Analytical Simulations of the Chiral Hadronic Processes
The availability of computational modeling tools for subatomic physics (Form, FeynArts, FormCalc, and FeynCalc) has made it possible to perform sophisticated calculations in perturbative quantum field theory. We have adapted these packages in order to apply them to the effective chiral field theory of hadronic interactions. A detailed description of this Computational Hadronic Model is presented here, along with sample calculations.
physics.comp-ph hep-ph
the availability of computational modeling tools for subatomic physics form feynarts formcalc and feyncalc has made it possible to perform sophisticated calculations in perturbative quantum field theory we have adapted these packages in order to apply them to the effective chiral field theory of hadronic interactions a detailed description of this computational hadronic model is presented here along with sample calculations
[['the', 'availability', 'of', 'computational', 'modeling', 'tools', 'for', 'subatomic', 'physics', 'form', 'feynarts', 'formcalc', 'and', 'feyncalc', 'has', 'made', 'it', 'possible', 'to', 'perform', 'sophisticated', 'calculations', 'in', 'perturbative', 'quantum', 'field', 'theory', 'we', 'have', 'adapted', 'these', 'packages', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'apply', 'them', 'to', 'the', 'effective', 'chiral', 'field', 'theory', 'of', 'hadronic', 'interactions', 'a', 'detailed', 'description', 'of', 'this', 'computational', 'hadronic', 'model', 'is', 'presented', 'here', 'along', 'with', 'sample', 'calculations']]
[-0.0523816342007552, 0.09156910268986812, -0.1376761934294396, 0.10180008704545068, -0.10982157610601088, -0.13831725329557648, 0.009738654287562508, 0.38022798529566554, -0.21358456132937315, -0.34712575535580026, 0.008716327592455705, -0.2685472591642718, -0.09166907018325368, 0.1566587619666682, 0.04346853293875446, 0.1074889816465925, 0.07676717684008792, 0.012285309000185034, -0.06208467754615532, -0.2163615607824482, 0.22122833978567943, 0.09629436301975892, 0.22253521051654807, 0.07980169335258055, 0.016662235455740183, 0.02562214379565271, -0.07984348897990144, 0.013396373873607058, -0.18209191102946756, 0.16411380369032993, 0.3071216663620511, 0.10646912941831302, 0.2028041816942516, -0.5104317338215177, -0.21870097033984837, -0.014247246720202144, 0.11897319837732882, 0.18138244419480812, -0.054520870955874684, -0.22201250757655647, 0.08129013088516525, -0.24933696074075387, -0.17610586291087454, -0.23497284404536495, -0.03595486111923686, -0.06755156974598277, -0.23048335935951011, 0.007028091284274658, -0.03012148238962791, 0.09872540879444043, 0.029197951732966743, -0.11951812993368653, 0.03585533971028006, 0.1030833766276597, 0.04330440207010471, 0.06197609419583297, 0.13802154820992565, -0.15375554408557468, -0.14824110351991457, 0.4122953595990529, -0.00935233228068921, -0.1954604889777657, 0.2319829624879067, -0.08931148490395213, -0.21383083707912534, 0.13012000058060053, 0.19675494906336038, 0.07520015605679545, -0.1789923183253554, 0.17612565656814755, 0.039281242267518744, 0.1582677998240335, -0.016283712807859552, 0.025833528969803305, 0.16658348371332024, 0.1972355836829205, -0.09240177506962638, 0.0670920717148263, -0.01618663827005056, -0.13697657089959067, -0.3389659133724502, -0.13381456040212367, -0.13315577621831268, 0.06028522413842319, -0.041054861100732164, -0.2086552924354423, 0.3700927361716196, 0.20649868669751725, 0.06539432119700264, 0.011508942948135197, 0.3471679616047711, 0.056341425790527803, 0.09670411558730192, 0.02442964075560697, 0.23599338236829784, 0.20093563209730583, 0.11189967265627423, -0.19181100001986154, -0.011303998919234413, 0.0817917589762355]
710.3581
Discrimination between evolution operators
Under broad conditions, evolutions due to two different Hamiltonians are shown to lead at some moment to orthogonal states. For two spin-1/2 systems subject to precession by different magnetic fields the achievement of orthogonalization is demonstrated for every scenario but a special one. This discrimination between evolutions is experimentally much simpler than procedures proposed earlier based on either sequential or parallel application of the unknown unitaries. A lower bound for the orthogonalization time is proposed in terms of the properties of the two Hamiltonians.
quant-ph
under broad conditions evolutions due to two different hamiltonians are shown to lead at some moment to orthogonal states for two spin12 systems subject to precession by different magnetic fields the achievement of orthogonalization is demonstrated for every scenario but a special one this discrimination between evolutions is experimentally much simpler than procedures proposed earlier based on either sequential or parallel application of the unknown unitaries a lower bound for the orthogonalization time is proposed in terms of the properties of the two hamiltonians
[['under', 'broad', 'conditions', 'evolutions', 'due', 'to', 'two', 'different', 'hamiltonians', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'lead', 'at', 'some', 'moment', 'to', 'orthogonal', 'states', 'for', 'two', 'spin12', 'systems', 'subject', 'to', 'precession', 'by', 'different', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'the', 'achievement', 'of', 'orthogonalization', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'for', 'every', 'scenario', 'but', 'a', 'special', 'one', 'this', 'discrimination', 'between', 'evolutions', 'is', 'experimentally', 'much', 'simpler', 'than', 'procedures', 'proposed', 'earlier', 'based', 'on', 'either', 'sequential', 'or', 'parallel', 'application', 'of', 'the', 'unknown', 'unitaries', 'a', 'lower', 'bound', 'for', 'the', 'orthogonalization', 'time', 'is', 'proposed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'hamiltonians']]
[-0.15253035227041914, 0.15432006502912068, -0.06931310572240147, 0.06714370499997001, -0.037087092239831, -0.176136805177001, 0.003364276604510711, 0.3871797009238175, -0.21485956079725707, -0.30040820021392955, 0.09741137427737981, -0.19963602393787974, -0.0961358096239911, 0.26185880494692054, -0.01458983086714787, 0.07393113681713917, 0.04294730530264566, 0.03413469946411039, -0.12040743044954502, -0.2757931152037123, 0.32187224160658107, 0.03482071613515949, 0.3200949628815232, 0.011738940243958496, 0.07673712249933964, -0.009436192706094257, 0.06008760011311443, -0.044592374780525766, -0.07133827007020868, 0.07578659434234612, 0.22936170373577625, 0.08849868376273662, 0.2584285873564936, -0.42179311850001494, -0.1829687373967664, 0.11455142618372822, 0.12011257820163987, 0.13626981874750482, -0.03548191679735845, -0.27777229422437294, 0.04568861362834772, -0.1431185246800028, -0.09245190132475857, -0.08373660501647032, 0.017415031508010412, -0.025630103712457986, -0.30631237928312094, 0.04833848141355529, 0.09509371845966338, 0.05281681132813295, -0.07697521260706708, -0.13209073921842945, 0.03076115099247545, 0.07056259585355985, 0.05457881126563907, -0.012489446078515834, 0.07509494897108414, -0.06290699733099678, -0.1727435948726322, 0.3778225508784609, -0.018329083518481292, -0.2607367622743671, 0.23972127706621818, -0.12874776679867259, -0.12572628735852914, 0.10863354499590405, 0.13143441571654485, 0.13877934920934162, -0.16992089144575098, 0.03761886090173253, 0.003754940050254975, 0.1136746829558563, 0.07461365648833591, 0.0646647700507726, 0.1667911061778709, 0.0913455827117321, 0.12109945669986441, 0.1739572325466378, -0.01845625137987857, -0.14150000124105386, -0.24026341487963995, -0.12167381517203812, -0.20970992187392853, 0.028013921586707943, -0.048682197695598006, -0.13756938453956363, 0.44210740985969704, 0.14574302127584815, 0.19143807309834907, 0.02033835316597972, 0.2890036256008205, 0.12156196672558076, 0.05855148614916418, 0.06902142730541527, 0.24677898267656842, 0.16203274812072604, 0.03140770734309973, -0.22267472679128072, 0.105495854214366, 0.05115154978730494]
710.3582
Earth's extensive entropy bound
The possibility of planetary mass black hole production by crossing entropy limits is addressed. Such a possibility is given by pointing out that two geophysical quantities have comparable values: first, Earth's total negative entropy flux integrated over geological time and, second, its extensive entropy bound, which follows as a tighter bound to the Bekenstein limit when entropy is an extensive function. The similarity between both numbers suggests that the formation of black holes from planets may be possible through a strong fluctuation toward thermodynamic equilibrium which results in gravothermal instability and final collapse. Briefly discussed are implications for the astronomical observation of low mass black holes and for Fermi's paradox.
gr-qc
the possibility of planetary mass black hole production by crossing entropy limits is addressed such a possibility is given by pointing out that two geophysical quantities have comparable values first earths total negative entropy flux integrated over geological time and second its extensive entropy bound which follows as a tighter bound to the bekenstein limit when entropy is an extensive function the similarity between both numbers suggests that the formation of black holes from planets may be possible through a strong fluctuation toward thermodynamic equilibrium which results in gravothermal instability and final collapse briefly discussed are implications for the astronomical observation of low mass black holes and for fermis paradox
[['the', 'possibility', 'of', 'planetary', 'mass', 'black', 'hole', 'production', 'by', 'crossing', 'entropy', 'limits', 'is', 'addressed', 'such', 'a', 'possibility', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'pointing', 'out', 'that', 'two', 'geophysical', 'quantities', 'have', 'comparable', 'values', 'first', 'earths', 'total', 'negative', 'entropy', 'flux', 'integrated', 'over', 'geological', 'time', 'and', 'second', 'its', 'extensive', 'entropy', 'bound', 'which', 'follows', 'as', 'a', 'tighter', 'bound', 'to', 'the', 'bekenstein', 'limit', 'when', 'entropy', 'is', 'an', 'extensive', 'function', 'the', 'similarity', 'between', 'both', 'numbers', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'black', 'holes', 'from', 'planets', 'may', 'be', 'possible', 'through', 'a', 'strong', 'fluctuation', 'toward', 'thermodynamic', 'equilibrium', 'which', 'results', 'in', 'gravothermal', 'instability', 'and', 'final', 'collapse', 'briefly', 'discussed', 'are', 'implications', 'for', 'the', 'astronomical', 'observation', 'of', 'low', 'mass', 'black', 'holes', 'and', 'for', 'fermis', 'paradox']]
[-0.12232820054897192, 0.17251287865021203, -0.08467500702139329, 0.15242793246659198, -0.047228656000119044, -0.084311782640659, 0.09335316837849943, 0.26220000106841324, -0.2002225577661937, -0.3331124514002692, 0.10004228469386528, -0.3173937378874557, -0.08969691541596231, 0.24466435485942797, -0.024203594723208384, 0.07164316410476616, 0.05991680530238558, 0.028468669339252465, -0.07697396849504333, -0.22281764527909798, 0.3294234354631044, 0.14589312958785078, 0.23120871046346358, 0.100342097802257, 0.06210784413851798, -0.06227489675776186, 0.004099620259049433, 0.03515385824086314, -0.17849688049265586, 0.027414986486970022, 0.21277958849783649, 0.16022516380551016, 0.2519249999641695, -0.40017173037948933, -0.23366775878451088, 0.07756752451373772, 0.13672852246937425, 0.09270531481597573, -0.09065050611018458, -0.25057117872532797, 0.028392717068676243, -0.22136142275465484, -0.12887117266443304, -0.023817132522394372, 0.09861685684458776, -0.007639338753440163, -0.21361237628893417, 0.1567658318249001, 0.07316965993747793, -0.01141440551516346, -0.125718476225368, -0.10090355417606506, -0.09682936938479543, 0.07594724378723186, 0.12870676204435189, -0.0006534020342356102, 0.1862733303061263, -0.08356280139308761, -0.11200169726401907, 0.3305361893959343, -0.061628645391796126, -0.13207668575712225, 0.18068314368455587, -0.1896485896781087, -0.1295398289930414, 0.129752399509942, 0.12326028867709365, 0.1287670344325968, -0.16099000672918257, 0.031050192375021816, -0.012218280966308984, 0.15910785169637, 0.11613737370564857, 0.06174988296009939, 0.4175170176069845, 0.1500586638163606, 0.054194980451244525, 0.15577329845188864, -0.10793048820712349, -0.13304101381588473, -0.28556200504641643, -0.17333785934659482, -0.2058468610048294, 0.09640739733691919, -0.13529488102556736, -0.12333947584795003, 0.2681930494791066, 0.1364034118268385, 0.20494373444129121, 0.02564338960642503, 0.2836780182544317, 0.11787738398839297, 0.024523518831384452, 0.08166906751099635, 0.34089639965783464, 0.13365370241544125, 0.10683441442246973, -0.23793087308321528, 0.05873123548332263, 0.06906554239844395]
710.3583
Off-center impurity in alkali halides: reorientation, electric polarization and pairing to F center. IV. Reorientational rate
This last Part IV is aimed at deriving relaxation rates (times) of an off-center Li+ impurity. We follow Christov's reaction rate method to define general rate equations in terms of the exact Mathieu eigenvalues, as well as of harmonic-oscillator eigenvalues approximating for the energy spectrum near the bottom of the reorientational wells. To calculate the rate in each particular case, we derive configurational tunneling probabilities by either Mathieu eigenfunctions or by harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions. The electron-transfer probability is calculated by generalizing Landau-Zener's method. Typical examples are considered and compared with experimental relaxation times in KCl:Li+.
physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph
this last part iv is aimed at deriving relaxation rates times of an offcenter li impurity we follow christovs reaction rate method to define general rate equations in terms of the exact mathieu eigenvalues as well as of harmonicoscillator eigenvalues approximating for the energy spectrum near the bottom of the reorientational wells to calculate the rate in each particular case we derive configurational tunneling probabilities by either mathieu eigenfunctions or by harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions the electrontransfer probability is calculated by generalizing landauzeners method typical examples are considered and compared with experimental relaxation times in kclli
[['this', 'last', 'part', 'iv', 'is', 'aimed', 'at', 'deriving', 'relaxation', 'rates', 'times', 'of', 'an', 'offcenter', 'li', 'impurity', 'we', 'follow', 'christovs', 'reaction', 'rate', 'method', 'to', 'define', 'general', 'rate', 'equations', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'exact', 'mathieu', 'eigenvalues', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'of', 'harmonicoscillator', 'eigenvalues', 'approximating', 'for', 'the', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'near', 'the', 'bottom', 'of', 'the', 'reorientational', 'wells', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'rate', 'in', 'each', 'particular', 'case', 'we', 'derive', 'configurational', 'tunneling', 'probabilities', 'by', 'either', 'mathieu', 'eigenfunctions', 'or', 'by', 'harmonic', 'oscillator', 'eigenfunctions', 'the', 'electrontransfer', 'probability', 'is', 'calculated', 'by', 'generalizing', 'landauzeners', 'method', 'typical', 'examples', 'are', 'considered', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'experimental', 'relaxation', 'times', 'in', 'kclli']]
[-0.08840168739729763, 0.11207683910454405, 0.005843433923196837, 0.0638944664527156, 0.03555002172841974, -0.14754741517421993, 0.034621441402756005, 0.3437986211527301, -0.22560703168046134, -0.23742046169481118, 0.04467191468321961, -0.2912365026346853, -0.10415428546611624, 0.20420586860374265, 0.002059850295114776, 0.07169108978047481, 0.05859546656922802, 0.060417318342091596, -0.07781981543192397, -0.21633055139049565, 0.2892858007841784, 0.09890963838172509, 0.22237735095879305, 0.04734794405774902, 0.04364489164183159, 0.0036869532929773886, 0.017787939666405968, -0.07654342276003698, -0.18199816968737412, 0.08165826448290002, 0.25887723137756163, 0.024286228328254885, 0.23779451279172106, -0.43221986548894126, -0.17941947626557364, 0.09493888475243813, 0.19134213288982763, 0.15619863236687428, -0.030534455608374075, -0.2781090720192246, 0.025637796208130843, -0.1535540295906527, -0.2049269154920931, -0.06525810705700322, 0.050351066595834236, 0.0786788339888596, -0.2571378622568496, 0.1928759908668049, 0.025943138111514323, 0.020138068205636482, -0.11102995692509347, -0.14881078691763358, -0.020928842466041122, 0.06929867591901237, 0.060234205070984266, -0.02438308998281845, 0.13277256410852398, -0.04375991899186098, -0.10511352400214452, 0.3627510495969783, -0.09522444265388438, -0.18195538398931208, 0.12951149707584156, -0.16120170272947493, -0.040299597069742565, 0.14200880728742998, 0.13935019987453098, 0.14235499467822196, -0.16318506733311908, 0.10913515425952779, 0.03483532953238034, 0.08409203135195877, 0.1378328668753333, 0.005279063373682616, 0.12452661806879484, 0.10324659307598663, 0.054137489738185766, 0.1325960086111951, -0.06240605704142186, -0.14415041150768165, -0.2859918739565689, -0.1441123783474525, -0.22823890889286186, 0.08710617603703766, -0.07415379582807477, -0.13563017196872312, 0.4121439384762198, 0.0418770083570448, 0.23726879495560474, 0.08827107581917358, 0.24666611227439716, 0.25421909931237285, 0.009867315317261155, 0.07497234200633576, 0.2154110607934063, 0.1623608888830463, 0.057054262385582144, -0.2857228699216174, 0.039775078177310366, 0.1575507690684627]
710.3584
Boundary of central tiles associated with Pisot beta-numeration and purely periodic expansions
This paper studies tilings related to the beta-transformation when beta is a Pisot number (that is not supposed to be a unit). Then it applies the obtained results to study the set of rational numbers having a purely periodic beta-expansion. Special focus is given to some quadratic examples.
math.DS math.NT
this paper studies tilings related to the betatransformation when beta is a pisot number that is not supposed to be a unit then it applies the obtained results to study the set of rational numbers having a purely periodic betaexpansion special focus is given to some quadratic examples
[['this', 'paper', 'studies', 'tilings', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'betatransformation', 'when', 'beta', 'is', 'a', 'pisot', 'number', 'that', 'is', 'not', 'supposed', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'unit', 'then', 'it', 'applies', 'the', 'obtained', 'results', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'rational', 'numbers', 'having', 'a', 'purely', 'periodic', 'betaexpansion', 'special', 'focus', 'is', 'given', 'to', 'some', 'quadratic', 'examples']]
[-0.16140592913143337, 0.11448677727215302, -0.04568680659091721, 0.07943407656178654, -0.1514812294044532, -0.16699502654955722, 0.05671972042910056, 0.3105142548835526, -0.3046963968469451, -0.18870390920589367, 0.1318114531750325, -0.3090800848682799, -0.2079438865184784, 0.23460729517197856, -0.1328829368285369, 0.020300713610292103, 0.022919733863091096, 0.11470151682927583, -0.020321939737186767, -0.327347773204868, 0.33378971624188125, 0.006269370360920827, 0.16980558053667968, 0.01079137126604716, 0.041181883755295225, -0.037426290761989854, 0.010847520417883061, 0.051668697890515126, -0.17465721112072666, 0.0749549461567464, 0.24345729143048325, 0.10223020456032827, 0.2861007893031153, -0.33953244146747846, -0.15539392673720917, 0.22757099367057285, 0.11705732388266672, 0.040016646196212, -0.05158126823759327, -0.17461910696389774, 0.13216672942750543, -0.10294677497586235, -0.17941722495985837, -0.06525826276629232, 0.04866809265998503, 0.05917617990053259, -0.323779967079948, -0.047300220059696585, 0.10154101679412027, 0.07281616574618965, -0.0330838367032508, -0.08934991500185181, 0.014162935166192861, 0.07126947812321305, 0.08248569915789024, 0.07389509230173037, 0.06845793915757288, -0.032314847305921525, -0.10513005034105542, 0.4227103553712368, 0.031248264567693695, -0.32798233162611723, 0.1735863396897912, -0.20108747546328232, -0.19246385603522262, 0.14578192399009518, 0.11640145897399634, 0.13380421087883101, -0.12068613239929012, 0.11317519090759258, -0.15938337435363792, 0.17469269921518085, 0.09269478201167658, -0.036855058089713566, 0.15663728847478828, 0.09190810875831328, 0.037460325935777895, 0.20581164717683956, 0.01209869550075382, -0.08213470315483089, -0.3199118960571165, -0.12925190681319995, -0.23157507468325397, 0.0841948080272535, -0.036774685237711914, -0.22366804660608372, 0.3878568486155321, 0.08090682182228193, 0.20108370057490296, 0.10732108772693512, 0.2387096660968382, 0.1422763169728872, 0.060958639291735985, -0.015085464159104353, 0.12275325793901477, 0.14726898450074563, 0.015774500968594413, -0.12884515801367039, -0.0016575603222008795, 0.1150881207237641]
710.3585
(Extra)Ordinary Gauge Mediation
We study models of "(extra)ordinary gauge mediation," which consist of taking ordinary gauge mediation and extending the messenger superpotential to include all renormalizable couplings consistent with SM gauge invariance and an R-symmetry. We classify all such models and find that their phenomenology can differ significantly from that of ordinary gauge mediation. Some highlights include: arbitrary modifications of the squark/slepton mass relations, small mu and Higgsino NLSP's, and the possibility of having fewer than one effective messenger. We also show how these models lead naturally to extremely simple examples of direct gauge mediation, where SUSY and R-symmetry breaking occur not in a hidden sector, but due to the dynamics of the messenger sector itself.
hep-ph hep-th
we study models of extraordinary gauge mediation which consist of taking ordinary gauge mediation and extending the messenger superpotential to include all renormalizable couplings consistent with sm gauge invariance and an rsymmetry we classify all such models and find that their phenomenology can differ significantly from that of ordinary gauge mediation some highlights include arbitrary modifications of the squarkslepton mass relations small mu and higgsino nlsps and the possibility of having fewer than one effective messenger we also show how these models lead naturally to extremely simple examples of direct gauge mediation where susy and rsymmetry breaking occur not in a hidden sector but due to the dynamics of the messenger sector itself
[['we', 'study', 'models', 'of', 'extraordinary', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'which', 'consist', 'of', 'taking', 'ordinary', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'and', 'extending', 'the', 'messenger', 'superpotential', 'to', 'include', 'all', 'renormalizable', 'couplings', 'consistent', 'with', 'sm', 'gauge', 'invariance', 'and', 'an', 'rsymmetry', 'we', 'classify', 'all', 'such', 'models', 'and', 'find', 'that', 'their', 'phenomenology', 'can', 'differ', 'significantly', 'from', 'that', 'of', 'ordinary', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'some', 'highlights', 'include', 'arbitrary', 'modifications', 'of', 'the', 'squarkslepton', 'mass', 'relations', 'small', 'mu', 'and', 'higgsino', 'nlsps', 'and', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'having', 'fewer', 'than', 'one', 'effective', 'messenger', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'how', 'these', 'models', 'lead', 'naturally', 'to', 'extremely', 'simple', 'examples', 'of', 'direct', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'where', 'susy', 'and', 'rsymmetry', 'breaking', 'occur', 'not', 'in', 'a', 'hidden', 'sector', 'but', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'the', 'messenger', 'sector', 'itself']]
[-0.1368635598038513, 0.28418235431862604, -0.026991978180553534, 0.17748245501280885, -0.14845928052374352, -0.20600295802413493, 0.006297073574773803, 0.32417465452376787, -0.20942966403456126, -0.3595847272174021, 0.06451088603713706, -0.23366370508694542, -0.16463530523933273, 0.10002982485380056, -0.008175654072042522, -0.0293391708581321, -0.006848154704918903, 0.01710387136358603, -0.026464072944167836, -0.26915000458618843, 0.29388087656579714, -0.010070457222121479, 0.1922705416707734, 0.047423630025633406, 0.10407997849933077, -0.02223484127872945, -0.03085529190834315, -0.0713909241675803, -0.04599070135749716, 0.1214688147657213, 0.17225608563452285, 0.07551357608321493, 0.08935903236929295, -0.3991744425971951, -0.2348487441452731, 0.177810148605912, 0.15702142398515964, 0.13272931958874276, -0.0719699639151186, -0.308223003228978, 0.07823743553089382, -0.23252550260533694, -0.08611593154502159, -0.13542674176510325, -0.10147205892944115, -0.14697713824195077, -0.3052100466370615, 0.0864768541151188, -0.02822434755487252, 0.03964859432647977, -0.013487821203796605, -0.11248255167383107, -0.14081798166250892, 0.05425831802040998, 0.24365960752006324, -0.04750625659563307, 0.1547455411379646, -0.24433731141426, -0.12684083402783206, 0.4576525853666584, -0.09571180279859634, -0.1977066583931446, 0.24988003968121072, -0.11186303640509733, -0.2409545950110192, 0.11514283525881118, 0.16608725618406206, 0.1071895513667074, -0.12513752173698317, 0.22116011355290668, -0.02558584120619086, 0.1424886196505575, 0.07668504354634643, 0.06526164701455726, 0.25801786664972265, 0.09308013005132697, 0.06718683701041525, 0.05355470317242816, 0.045558631955852025, -0.12144409173242418, -0.41867879840784367, -0.10909596648050753, -0.04217928967982597, 0.07267259138204112, -0.11485041193798003, -0.09833924654063529, 0.39846815819959197, 0.20664036887557766, 0.23532119394997053, 0.08244475617745183, 0.20744971674042795, 0.03985007170719647, 0.15787395353808142, -0.015043613476167738, 0.2614559643931246, 0.0917198571038589, 0.030137430268661242, -0.21643634404022807, -0.0763332922366011, 0.06294647596809452]
710.3586
Baryon oscillations in galaxy and matter power-spectrum covariance matrices
We investigate large-amplitude baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO's) in off-diagonal entries of cosmological power-spectrum covariance matrices. These covariance-matrix BAO's describe the increased attenuation of power-spectrum BAO's caused by upward fluctuations in large-scale power. We derive an analytic approximation to covariance-matrix entries in the BAO regime, and check the analytical predictions using N-body simulations. These BAO's look much stronger than the BAO's in the power spectrum, but seem detectable only at about a one-sigma level in gigaparsec-scale galaxy surveys. In estimating cosmological parameters using matter or galaxy power spectra, including the covariance-matrix BAO's can have a several-percent effect on error-bar widths for some parameters directly related to the BAO's, such as the baryon fraction. Also, we find that including the numerous galaxies in small haloes in a survey can reduce error bars in these cosmological parameters more than the simple reduction in shot noise might suggest.
astro-ph
we investigate largeamplitude baryon acoustic oscillations baos in offdiagonal entries of cosmological powerspectrum covariance matrices these covariancematrix baos describe the increased attenuation of powerspectrum baos caused by upward fluctuations in largescale power we derive an analytic approximation to covariancematrix entries in the bao regime and check the analytical predictions using nbody simulations these baos look much stronger than the baos in the power spectrum but seem detectable only at about a onesigma level in gigaparsecscale galaxy surveys in estimating cosmological parameters using matter or galaxy power spectra including the covariancematrix baos can have a severalpercent effect on errorbar widths for some parameters directly related to the baos such as the baryon fraction also we find that including the numerous galaxies in small haloes in a survey can reduce error bars in these cosmological parameters more than the simple reduction in shot noise might suggest
[['we', 'investigate', 'largeamplitude', 'baryon', 'acoustic', 'oscillations', 'baos', 'in', 'offdiagonal', 'entries', 'of', 'cosmological', 'powerspectrum', 'covariance', 'matrices', 'these', 'covariancematrix', 'baos', 'describe', 'the', 'increased', 'attenuation', 'of', 'powerspectrum', 'baos', 'caused', 'by', 'upward', 'fluctuations', 'in', 'largescale', 'power', 'we', 'derive', 'an', 'analytic', 'approximation', 'to', 'covariancematrix', 'entries', 'in', 'the', 'bao', 'regime', 'and', 'check', 'the', 'analytical', 'predictions', 'using', 'nbody', 'simulations', 'these', 'baos', 'look', 'much', 'stronger', 'than', 'the', 'baos', 'in', 'the', 'power', 'spectrum', 'but', 'seem', 'detectable', 'only', 'at', 'about', 'a', 'onesigma', 'level', 'in', 'gigaparsecscale', 'galaxy', 'surveys', 'in', 'estimating', 'cosmological', 'parameters', 'using', 'matter', 'or', 'galaxy', 'power', 'spectra', 'including', 'the', 'covariancematrix', 'baos', 'can', 'have', 'a', 'severalpercent', 'effect', 'on', 'errorbar', 'widths', 'for', 'some', 'parameters', 'directly', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'baos', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'baryon', 'fraction', 'also', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'including', 'the', 'numerous', 'galaxies', 'in', 'small', 'haloes', 'in', 'a', 'survey', 'can', 'reduce', 'error', 'bars', 'in', 'these', 'cosmological', 'parameters', 'more', 'than', 'the', 'simple', 'reduction', 'in', 'shot', 'noise', 'might', 'suggest']]
[-0.10846798256824405, 0.1127207440698, -0.050024736402360916, 0.17226506820782186, -0.1255372596605049, -0.04993878791134779, 0.0012134951539337635, 0.3284533950988646, -0.20329436455149907, -0.31174305661653096, 0.05435610545792623, -0.331947110600773, -0.10107004132864254, 0.21683631805455558, -0.008134971545370934, 0.022244866904835185, 0.03918313144761548, -0.04056925902963727, -0.060609637102652734, -0.2609826140252261, 0.2658214287610946, 0.13709561798845293, 0.23583410205514907, -0.07633450062183494, 0.011757711075584997, -0.11273323846337796, -0.14012088779998305, 0.0513426468689711, -0.1794279679648193, -0.00476987457710442, 0.23615713864304386, 0.1289588476570284, 0.2211761869867886, -0.426091789266329, -0.24790453192309014, 0.16625448241764745, 0.24509603323226054, 0.21282042900321785, -0.04967520555769911, -0.291777391729134, 0.06980822687778114, -0.16746403953431735, -0.11562368668081772, -0.07538262516963523, -0.03675907858080797, 0.025266068403843555, -0.24283234207154988, 0.24354156197380059, -0.027938625075157496, 0.04803249384178878, -0.02440663252572913, -0.14716668904049102, -0.0032140880797084394, 0.04753081982381808, 0.03834480712177245, -0.032508693383705406, 0.16108915183393585, -0.16594441340246296, -0.0028613421600311995, 0.398747666211395, -0.12339533065462817, -0.10485861659167217, 0.08491616012281054, -0.23322621197928187, -0.1631334285362513, 0.07601479576474017, 0.20561964889024417, -0.012303121995780831, -0.12746189069491323, 0.0479487241925574, 0.016127577717448553, 0.23880430307056938, 0.08913605636591418, 0.056840456239236, 0.2710204622936207, 0.07183767715957459, 0.06761236665640157, 0.03470316613288401, -0.12631108797598187, 0.038738785978322005, -0.2642571308383054, -0.0007356336874353302, -0.1677049232656592, 0.09671369129368527, -0.15833971175921582, -0.15419246823123128, 0.41333669576455245, 0.16390391680822297, 0.24125056502460568, 0.10701516544498452, 0.3522157285727196, 0.09144229419900665, 0.08458533548014043, 0.046423483226396195, 0.30095019581067456, 0.1624296934952816, 0.07883580382245794, -0.2478313303578619, 0.03757983085966402, -0.010740604844282974]
710.3587
Star Formation History up to z = 7.4: Implications for Gamma-Ray Bursts and the Cosmic Metallicity Evolution
The current Swift sample of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with measured redshifts allows to test the assumption that GRBs trace the star formation in the Universe. Some authors have claimed that the rate of GRBs increases with cosmic redshift faster than the star formation rate, whose cause is not known yet. In this paper, I investigate the possibility for interpreting the observed discrepancy between the GRB rate history and the star formation rate history by the cosmic metallicity evolution, motivated by the observation that the cosmic metallicity evolves with redshift and GRBs prefer to occur in low metallicity galaxies. First, I derive a star formation history up to redshift z=7.4 from an updated sample of star formation rate densities obtained by adding the new UV measurements of Bouwens et al. and the new UV and infrared measurements of Reddy et al. to the existing sample compiled by Hopkins & Beacom. Then, adopting a simple model for the relation between the GRB production and the cosmic metallicity history as proposed by Langer & Norman, I show that the observed redshift distribution of the Swift GRBs can be reproduced with a fairly good accuracy. Although the results are limited by the small size of the GRB sample and the poorly understood selection biases in detection and localization of GRBs and in redshift determination, they suggest that GRBs trace both the star formation and the metallicity evolution. If the star formation history can be accurately measured with other approaches, which is presumably achievable in the near future, it will be possible to determine the cosmic metallicity evolution with the study on the redshift distribution of GRBs.
astro-ph
the current swift sample of gammaray bursts grbs with measured redshifts allows to test the assumption that grbs trace the star formation in the universe some authors have claimed that the rate of grbs increases with cosmic redshift faster than the star formation rate whose cause is not known yet in this paper i investigate the possibility for interpreting the observed discrepancy between the grb rate history and the star formation rate history by the cosmic metallicity evolution motivated by the observation that the cosmic metallicity evolves with redshift and grbs prefer to occur in low metallicity galaxies first i derive a star formation history up to redshift z74 from an updated sample of star formation rate densities obtained by adding the new uv measurements of bouwens et al and the new uv and infrared measurements of reddy et al to the existing sample compiled by hopkins beacom then adopting a simple model for the relation between the grb production and the cosmic metallicity history as proposed by langer norman i show that the observed redshift distribution of the swift grbs can be reproduced with a fairly good accuracy although the results are limited by the small size of the grb sample and the poorly understood selection biases in detection and localization of grbs and in redshift determination they suggest that grbs trace both the star formation and the metallicity evolution if the star formation history can be accurately measured with other approaches which is presumably achievable in the near future it will be possible to determine the cosmic metallicity evolution with the study on the redshift distribution of grbs
[['the', 'current', 'swift', 'sample', 'of', 'gammaray', 'bursts', 'grbs', 'with', 'measured', 'redshifts', 'allows', 'to', 'test', 'the', 'assumption', 'that', 'grbs', 'trace', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'in', 'the', 'universe', 'some', 'authors', 'have', 'claimed', 'that', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'grbs', 'increases', 'with', 'cosmic', 'redshift', 'faster', 'than', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'rate', 'whose', 'cause', 'is', 'not', 'known', 'yet', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'i', 'investigate', 'the', 'possibility', 'for', 'interpreting', 'the', 'observed', 'discrepancy', 'between', 'the', 'grb', 'rate', 'history', 'and', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'rate', 'history', 'by', 'the', 'cosmic', 'metallicity', 'evolution', 'motivated', 'by', 'the', 'observation', 'that', 'the', 'cosmic', 'metallicity', 'evolves', 'with', 'redshift', 'and', 'grbs', 'prefer', 'to', 'occur', 'in', 'low', 'metallicity', 'galaxies', 'first', 'i', 'derive', 'a', 'star', 'formation', 'history', 'up', 'to', 'redshift', 'z74', 'from', 'an', 'updated', 'sample', 'of', 'star', 'formation', 'rate', 'densities', 'obtained', 'by', 'adding', 'the', 'new', 'uv', 'measurements', 'of', 'bouwens', 'et', 'al', 'and', 'the', 'new', 'uv', 'and', 'infrared', 'measurements', 'of', 'reddy', 'et', 'al', 'to', 'the', 'existing', 'sample', 'compiled', 'by', 'hopkins', 'beacom', 'then', 'adopting', 'a', 'simple', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'grb', 'production', 'and', 'the', 'cosmic', 'metallicity', 'history', 'as', 'proposed', 'by', 'langer', 'norman', 'i', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'observed', 'redshift', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'swift', 'grbs', 'can', 'be', 'reproduced', 'with', 'a', 'fairly', 'good', 'accuracy', 'although', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'limited', 'by', 'the', 'small', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'grb', 'sample', 'and', 'the', 'poorly', 'understood', 'selection', 'biases', 'in', 'detection', 'and', 'localization', 'of', 'grbs', 'and', 'in', 'redshift', 'determination', 'they', 'suggest', 'that', 'grbs', 'trace', 'both', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'and', 'the', 'metallicity', 'evolution', 'if', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'history', 'can', 'be', 'accurately', 'measured', 'with', 'other', 'approaches', 'which', 'is', 'presumably', 'achievable', 'in', 'the', 'near', 'future', 'it', 'will', 'be', 'possible', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'cosmic', 'metallicity', 'evolution', 'with', 'the', 'study', 'on', 'the', 'redshift', 'distribution', 'of', 'grbs']]
[-0.027653946141988316, 0.11767180622690056, -0.06127765533272867, 0.1284542823404384, -0.11071916959093263, -0.03890648612200662, 0.06559320567434447, 0.42789149922491226, -0.1788720992402415, -0.3508307487824587, 0.024459471975246238, -0.2793365430509935, -0.009712382509692193, 0.2128828817312347, -0.04170261563353792, -0.02715666879106451, 0.0602733038512438, -0.08258300861171275, -0.05103781346988399, -0.34912802656526093, 0.2834441750883815, 0.17455831501391475, 0.22078641727060097, -0.014274830551369598, 0.060333180677305254, -0.08160835605425139, -0.10967834645998664, -0.010200624229468372, -0.215181832518822, 0.0035985056181541747, 0.23233197370061168, 0.18493315555215642, 0.20450037317479858, -0.33966337048084283, -0.2579860582485842, 0.07815997856884711, 0.16110517528787668, 0.05438026125172015, -0.10389861314152195, -0.2724832231519502, 0.04899369025973741, -0.20440168819504498, -0.1346636793627921, 0.08083687893425424, 0.03306256276210425, 0.0710846477630117, -0.20495440822474106, 0.16500459364787848, 0.01521645000083717, 0.02415791308352103, -0.08725866480855513, -0.017797698920454692, -0.052624859993725466, 0.07232511666499906, 0.05568455302596299, 0.1092074040953001, 0.12020380445066149, -0.14866776765686357, -0.05123968480749884, 0.39482231210956037, -0.0885190147314225, 0.016392782644403203, 0.2044677925882516, -0.2257701349513674, -0.17641711716628547, 0.08494461418595164, 0.11460701596591173, 0.10169842303471846, -0.18662662623036239, 0.01670160463750276, 0.029110385312836756, 0.1791956102190953, 0.045405567004517824, 0.053977098924763225, 0.2895761806431606, 0.132792139629385, 0.015198622836248466, 0.028882432438183094, -0.1714886895251564, -0.0036629542059489284, -0.26504814548599015, -0.10477997860461646, -0.1729555523540411, 0.12409733633809353, -0.12244423142309878, -0.1071503221639432, 0.35950307573743717, 0.12887363552150352, 0.24997256802205273, 0.09893927716744925, 0.2528561343576897, 0.08029725167908948, 0.08256950670922245, 0.11107506943625156, 0.3244563976256392, 0.128525859747013, 0.07320658039965633, -0.2709102948963711, 0.17187005528680013, 0.03319375553961705]
710.3588
A Comparison of Weak Lensing Measurements From Ground- and Space-Based Facilities
We assess the relative merits of weak lensing surveys, using overlapping imaging data from the ground-based Subaru telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Our tests complement similar studies undertaken with simulated data. From observations of 230,000 matched objects in the 2 square degree COSMOS field, we identify the limit at which faint galaxy shapes can be reliably measured from the ground. Our ground-based shear catalog achieves sub-percent calibration bias compared to high resolution space-based data, for galaxies brighter than i'~24.5 and with half-light radii larger than 1.8". This selection corresponds to a surface density of ~15 galaxies per sq arcmin compared to ~71 per sq arcmin from space. On the other hand the survey speed of current ground-based facilities is much faster than that of HST, although this gain is mitigated by the increased depth of space-based imaging desirable for tomographic (3D) analyses. As an independent experiment, we also reconstruct the projected mass distribution in the COSMOS field using both data sets, and compare the derived cluster catalogs with those from X-ray observations. The ground-based catalog achieves a reasonable degree of completeness, with minimal contamination and no detected bias, for massive clusters at redshifts 0.2<z<0.5. The space-based data provide improved precision and a greater sensitivity to clusters of lower mass or at higher redshift.
astro-ph
we assess the relative merits of weak lensing surveys using overlapping imaging data from the groundbased subaru telescope and the hubble space telescope hst our tests complement similar studies undertaken with simulated data from observations of 230000 matched objects in the 2 square degree cosmos field we identify the limit at which faint galaxy shapes can be reliably measured from the ground our groundbased shear catalog achieves subpercent calibration bias compared to high resolution spacebased data for galaxies brighter than i245 and with halflight radii larger than 18 this selection corresponds to a surface density of 15 galaxies per sq arcmin compared to 71 per sq arcmin from space on the other hand the survey speed of current groundbased facilities is much faster than that of hst although this gain is mitigated by the increased depth of spacebased imaging desirable for tomographic 3d analyses as an independent experiment we also reconstruct the projected mass distribution in the cosmos field using both data sets and compare the derived cluster catalogs with those from xray observations the groundbased catalog achieves a reasonable degree of completeness with minimal contamination and no detected bias for massive clusters at redshifts 02z05 the spacebased data provide improved precision and a greater sensitivity to clusters of lower mass or at higher redshift
[['we', 'assess', 'the', 'relative', 'merits', 'of', 'weak', 'lensing', 'surveys', 'using', 'overlapping', 'imaging', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'groundbased', 'subaru', 'telescope', 'and', 'the', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'hst', 'our', 'tests', 'complement', 'similar', 'studies', 'undertaken', 'with', 'simulated', 'data', 'from', 'observations', 'of', '230000', 'matched', 'objects', 'in', 'the', '2', 'square', 'degree', 'cosmos', 'field', 'we', 'identify', 'the', 'limit', 'at', 'which', 'faint', 'galaxy', 'shapes', 'can', 'be', 'reliably', 'measured', 'from', 'the', 'ground', 'our', 'groundbased', 'shear', 'catalog', 'achieves', 'subpercent', 'calibration', 'bias', 'compared', 'to', 'high', 'resolution', 'spacebased', 'data', 'for', 'galaxies', 'brighter', 'than', 'i245', 'and', 'with', 'halflight', 'radii', 'larger', 'than', '18', 'this', 'selection', 'corresponds', 'to', 'a', 'surface', 'density', 'of', '15', 'galaxies', 'per', 'sq', 'arcmin', 'compared', 'to', '71', 'per', 'sq', 'arcmin', 'from', 'space', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'the', 'survey', 'speed', 'of', 'current', 'groundbased', 'facilities', 'is', 'much', 'faster', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'hst', 'although', 'this', 'gain', 'is', 'mitigated', 'by', 'the', 'increased', 'depth', 'of', 'spacebased', 'imaging', 'desirable', 'for', 'tomographic', '3d', 'analyses', 'as', 'an', 'independent', 'experiment', 'we', 'also', 'reconstruct', 'the', 'projected', 'mass', 'distribution', 'in', 'the', 'cosmos', 'field', 'using', 'both', 'data', 'sets', 'and', 'compare', 'the', 'derived', 'cluster', 'catalogs', 'with', 'those', 'from', 'xray', 'observations', 'the', 'groundbased', 'catalog', 'achieves', 'a', 'reasonable', 'degree', 'of', 'completeness', 'with', 'minimal', 'contamination', 'and', 'no', 'detected', 'bias', 'for', 'massive', 'clusters', 'at', 'redshifts', '02z05', 'the', 'spacebased', 'data', 'provide', 'improved', 'precision', 'and', 'a', 'greater', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'clusters', 'of', 'lower', 'mass', 'or', 'at', 'higher', 'redshift']]
[-0.023917187836974167, 0.06018339530734053, -0.06252355811207794, 0.09218836959104898, -0.10897092834808106, -0.05732591961440089, 0.04416852195836539, 0.41351129722369967, -0.13785597912339104, -0.4139289908219389, 0.08443160561714755, -0.35381000750633174, 0.008400022424757481, 0.2606193166605175, -0.03344314837784961, 0.0025997976642535177, 0.13482224128349835, -0.0708193994634839, -0.09077149754177595, -0.3165661160335984, 0.2355085478175085, 0.14985771404557624, 0.24363535043112067, -0.0900263877867093, 0.1067204310223027, -0.03431052846108498, -0.11541935746817915, 0.054118884771488344, -0.17947853715609094, 0.06805890962578963, 0.24832809473777753, 0.17115373314208715, 0.2292710065581771, -0.32456315650583006, -0.19136773066549173, 0.08930735380042258, 0.16834175664238457, 0.04171837636453728, -0.01131935797057786, -0.3453561241890109, 0.0727707644881204, -0.13868725366679258, -0.1759647474645875, 0.02158285660972429, -0.02362272217978052, 0.0411945286856661, -0.23427951383989218, 0.13792104424007215, -0.0966773219838086, 0.15355919279201433, -0.11562527370812414, -0.15044583710516954, -0.05787272451954439, 0.08981685282467583, -0.04254148589490458, 0.15312782095441985, 0.1231624027670816, -0.18716063390074428, -0.03130217861210884, 0.36762087503664714, -0.08781420287133335, -0.032170460833409846, 0.182731438193167, -0.23056104326414942, -0.16376460534195567, 0.1588769103340848, 0.18080183986823486, 0.09067414027508781, -0.14448092963199977, 0.015342887330442928, 0.016004054118922455, 0.26926214732446296, 0.06925123854605264, 0.10326471495351397, 0.24767302357223492, 0.13871208601550003, 0.11550147965507106, 0.0915975948354381, -0.3112723755054609, 0.03414347402881398, -0.23900194700893967, -0.07186435781159373, -0.1845926533864681, 0.054339429300798235, -0.1635703677264838, -0.052882801025001286, 0.3308848741984125, 0.1997140515963872, 0.1676032118807915, 0.11631561983214302, 0.36211776036855786, 0.020556983256950802, 0.15858032675676567, 0.030274877559426133, 0.3289602774845133, 0.10991137658332496, 0.048832039939521184, -0.15981797116083027, -0.013595664111334223, -0.05803560261982818]
710.3589
Threshold singularities in the dynamic response of gapless integrable models
We develop a method of an asymptotically exact treatment of threshold singularities in dynamic response functions of gapless integrable models. The method utilizes the integrability to recast the original problem in terms of the low-energy properties of a certain deformed Hamiltonian. The deformed Hamiltonian is local, hence it can be analysed using the conventional field theory methods. We apply the technique to spinless fermions on a lattice with nearest-neighbors repulsion, and evaluate the exponent characterizing the threshold singularity in the dynamic structure factor.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall
we develop a method of an asymptotically exact treatment of threshold singularities in dynamic response functions of gapless integrable models the method utilizes the integrability to recast the original problem in terms of the lowenergy properties of a certain deformed hamiltonian the deformed hamiltonian is local hence it can be analysed using the conventional field theory methods we apply the technique to spinless fermions on a lattice with nearestneighbors repulsion and evaluate the exponent characterizing the threshold singularity in the dynamic structure factor
[['we', 'develop', 'a', 'method', 'of', 'an', 'asymptotically', 'exact', 'treatment', 'of', 'threshold', 'singularities', 'in', 'dynamic', 'response', 'functions', 'of', 'gapless', 'integrable', 'models', 'the', 'method', 'utilizes', 'the', 'integrability', 'to', 'recast', 'the', 'original', 'problem', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'lowenergy', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'certain', 'deformed', 'hamiltonian', 'the', 'deformed', 'hamiltonian', 'is', 'local', 'hence', 'it', 'can', 'be', 'analysed', 'using', 'the', 'conventional', 'field', 'theory', 'methods', 'we', 'apply', 'the', 'technique', 'to', 'spinless', 'fermions', 'on', 'a', 'lattice', 'with', 'nearestneighbors', 'repulsion', 'and', 'evaluate', 'the', 'exponent', 'characterizing', 'the', 'threshold', 'singularity', 'in', 'the', 'dynamic', 'structure', 'factor']]
[-0.13471797200099353, 0.10272039167449042, -0.12210555645603552, 0.1058884200777477, -0.043403943229876236, -0.14599354754774327, 0.0281489013921447, 0.32875278661678353, -0.2657906640186367, -0.23508563500840263, 0.037781413511305775, -0.2640455296622163, -0.19878318600625877, 0.12124653187501862, -0.012809354845569077, 0.08570894274681089, 0.024834133067493696, 0.06110130497871573, -0.1361424403744806, -0.2343640810591225, 0.31224850642898805, 0.04775888187227299, 0.2937893402504634, 0.0569765311665833, 0.08119544427538941, 0.07514744318729963, 0.052083449612135985, 0.0465374030621655, -0.17031431090681398, 0.09821829681021038, 0.20384502331699078, 0.03687397955568979, 0.21906974180377123, -0.4173788452318993, -0.21549457441790995, 0.06382188387215137, 0.14696310919496308, 0.13979303731347423, 0.033367528458103445, -0.2893348364608295, 0.05259632414588368, -0.18377950857673964, -0.226676398139245, -0.10307975383812046, -0.06340217139187594, -0.013846980632249132, -0.2588948608658007, 0.11413603478829455, 0.05830232942819102, 0.04193698075117476, -0.09337069245661239, -0.05620033121723906, 0.0054041794837867635, 0.08146406701732292, 0.023340321882664373, 0.015622032609914082, 0.10989504057285657, -0.14964914840499868, -0.12266915199257074, 0.37528977114482814, -0.052797551788614096, -0.25888870912884554, 0.14488220747128264, -0.09535631942506655, -0.1036826040433069, 0.1341541116238089, 0.1410004831513906, 0.1442208635026073, -0.1627149694740873, 0.178872942340319, -0.015373968328517604, 0.13676972104887286, 0.004553706430078271, 0.0182003309972674, 0.1729853041133428, 0.1531446211465006, 0.07187641690294426, 0.17076404746032758, -0.05233375643694167, -0.14234392214790884, -0.28541048566799565, -0.10159971263590661, -0.19223391192864223, 0.07011116169538932, -0.10156653623965552, -0.21780412249177336, 0.44509977050664196, 0.13947215964681053, 0.17016937381220443, 0.04138689135840858, 0.24135392415056744, 0.1894702995364296, 0.06943177134962752, 0.04698510915714215, 0.23080740463415003, 0.14637895113597793, 0.03046660439997732, -0.27258681771289334, -0.03288643069408206, 0.16878385798085527]
710.359
Protoplanetary disk fragmentation with varying radiative physics, initial conditions and numerical techniques
We review recent results of SPH simulations of gravitational instability in gaseous protoplanetary disks,emphasizing the role of thermodynamics in both isolated and binary systems. Contradictory results appeared in the literature regarding disk fragmentation at tens of AU from the central star are likely due to the different treatment of radiation physics as well as reflecting different initial conditions. Further progress on the subject requires extensive comparisons between different codes with the requirement that the same initial conditions are adopted. It is discussed how the local conditions of the disks undergoing fragmentation at $R < 25$ AU in recent SPH simulations are in rough agreement with the prediction of analytical models, with small differences being likely related to the inability of analytical models to account for the dynamics and thermodynamics of three-dimensional spiral shocks. We report that radically different adaptive hydrodynamical codes, SPH and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), yield very similar results on disk fragmentation at comparable resolution in the simple case of an isothermal equation of state. A high number of refinements in AMR codes is necessary but not sufficient to correctly follow fragmentation, rather an initial resolution of the grid high enough to capture the wavelength of the strongest spiral modes when they are still barely nonlinear is essential. These tests represent a useful benchmark and a starting point for a forthcoming code comparison with realistic radiation physics.
astro-ph
we review recent results of sph simulations of gravitational instability in gaseous protoplanetary disksemphasizing the role of thermodynamics in both isolated and binary systems contradictory results appeared in the literature regarding disk fragmentation at tens of au from the central star are likely due to the different treatment of radiation physics as well as reflecting different initial conditions further progress on the subject requires extensive comparisons between different codes with the requirement that the same initial conditions are adopted it is discussed how the local conditions of the disks undergoing fragmentation at r 25 au in recent sph simulations are in rough agreement with the prediction of analytical models with small differences being likely related to the inability of analytical models to account for the dynamics and thermodynamics of threedimensional spiral shocks we report that radically different adaptive hydrodynamical codes sph and adaptive mesh refinement amr yield very similar results on disk fragmentation at comparable resolution in the simple case of an isothermal equation of state a high number of refinements in amr codes is necessary but not sufficient to correctly follow fragmentation rather an initial resolution of the grid high enough to capture the wavelength of the strongest spiral modes when they are still barely nonlinear is essential these tests represent a useful benchmark and a starting point for a forthcoming code comparison with realistic radiation physics
[['we', 'review', 'recent', 'results', 'of', 'sph', 'simulations', 'of', 'gravitational', 'instability', 'in', 'gaseous', 'protoplanetary', 'disksemphasizing', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'thermodynamics', 'in', 'both', 'isolated', 'and', 'binary', 'systems', 'contradictory', 'results', 'appeared', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'regarding', 'disk', 'fragmentation', 'at', 'tens', 'of', 'au', 'from', 'the', 'central', 'star', 'are', 'likely', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'different', 'treatment', 'of', 'radiation', 'physics', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'reflecting', 'different', 'initial', 'conditions', 'further', 'progress', 'on', 'the', 'subject', 'requires', 'extensive', 'comparisons', 'between', 'different', 'codes', 'with', 'the', 'requirement', 'that', 'the', 'same', 'initial', 'conditions', 'are', 'adopted', 'it', 'is', 'discussed', 'how', 'the', 'local', 'conditions', 'of', 'the', 'disks', 'undergoing', 'fragmentation', 'at', 'r', '25', 'au', 'in', 'recent', 'sph', 'simulations', 'are', 'in', 'rough', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'prediction', 'of', 'analytical', 'models', 'with', 'small', 'differences', 'being', 'likely', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'inability', 'of', 'analytical', 'models', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'the', 'dynamics', 'and', 'thermodynamics', 'of', 'threedimensional', 'spiral', 'shocks', 'we', 'report', 'that', 'radically', 'different', 'adaptive', 'hydrodynamical', 'codes', 'sph', 'and', 'adaptive', 'mesh', 'refinement', 'amr', 'yield', 'very', 'similar', 'results', 'on', 'disk', 'fragmentation', 'at', 'comparable', 'resolution', 'in', 'the', 'simple', 'case', 'of', 'an', 'isothermal', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'a', 'high', 'number', 'of', 'refinements', 'in', 'amr', 'codes', 'is', 'necessary', 'but', 'not', 'sufficient', 'to', 'correctly', 'follow', 'fragmentation', 'rather', 'an', 'initial', 'resolution', 'of', 'the', 'grid', 'high', 'enough', 'to', 'capture', 'the', 'wavelength', 'of', 'the', 'strongest', 'spiral', 'modes', 'when', 'they', 'are', 'still', 'barely', 'nonlinear', 'is', 'essential', 'these', 'tests', 'represent', 'a', 'useful', 'benchmark', 'and', 'a', 'starting', 'point', 'for', 'a', 'forthcoming', 'code', 'comparison', 'with', 'realistic', 'radiation', 'physics']]
[-0.09374523025707625, 0.08031973695202468, -0.09643413001540145, 0.08927993833175593, -0.034111571372055866, -0.1084241775163995, -0.03934701421864265, 0.3732562396954335, -0.22130906038470402, -0.35157244870775595, 0.09248880480594589, -0.2503171381930357, -0.059616343372620416, 0.19686500886214142, -0.036078664892669025, 0.07595412691620215, 0.11303711170740918, -0.054085093999121515, -0.08114130848799196, -0.23995288694277406, 0.32895035286985813, 0.14842461946826543, 0.2175725074782393, 0.023544433610800997, 0.039673843667719366, -0.07091552827436486, -0.06980716481282774, 0.025023437360514957, -0.19529587042033067, 0.033446345836517, 0.22849676329355983, 0.08331765032102588, 0.2530998342633576, -0.48519870687259714, -0.22152490998230595, 0.011850591808442633, 0.14205544141925347, 0.13707889741828197, -0.08601689777677542, -0.19409206832014433, 0.08844040149037156, -0.1669267829387584, -0.13476101608971536, -0.02537305106520181, 0.01986739834660812, 0.04708380303817436, -0.26926833871005323, 0.09706950739219924, 0.06307455099681146, 0.0659765290703608, -0.08439633756463666, -0.11092351129204692, -0.035323483521725964, 0.11326102690736861, 0.0244517822494517, 0.05165131493791577, 0.1290319153191809, -0.15729735572801878, -0.07140706300874967, 0.41486040670999086, -0.017897842009090264, -0.17047648903162993, 0.30853519056993434, -0.19026946389354307, -0.13738545166771646, 0.15488954511398526, 0.16509021476263977, 0.11869601875395895, -0.1079674176792927, 0.0032287629696618487, -0.021656871726121015, 0.16105560740440086, 0.07276145171523833, 0.0307800319096233, 0.27818073119787656, 0.1644067818017898, -0.01607415552655161, 0.10060305748286653, -0.08772401245811437, -0.13824299751834263, -0.3033639873390287, -0.08251805092507587, -0.14863890485780618, 0.03742653099592572, -0.11358643939030369, -0.15026994964870982, 0.32020402652117125, 0.18907172814224915, 0.17813430354460696, 0.01651347186395874, 0.30037355506669583, 0.044214934820672375, 0.07500127876907718, 0.0736385894434666, 0.25004540638185807, 0.1385401750684999, 0.12291962910435339, -0.2289206638926074, 0.08948103134676257, 0.014699941335885995]
710.3591
Detection of methane on Kuiper Belt Object (50000) Quaoar
The near-infrared spectrum of (50000) Quaoar obtained at the Keck Observatory shows distinct absorption features of crystalline water ice, solid methane and ethane, and possibly other higher order hydrocarbons. Quaoar is only the fifth Kuiper belt object on which volatile ices have been detected. The small amount of methane on an otherwise water ice dominated surface suggests that Quaoar is a transition object between the dominant volatile-poor small Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) and the few volatile-rich large KBOs such as Pluto and Eris.
astro-ph
the nearinfrared spectrum of 50000 quaoar obtained at the keck observatory shows distinct absorption features of crystalline water ice solid methane and ethane and possibly other higher order hydrocarbons quaoar is only the fifth kuiper belt object on which volatile ices have been detected the small amount of methane on an otherwise water ice dominated surface suggests that quaoar is a transition object between the dominant volatilepoor small kuiper belt objects kbos and the few volatilerich large kbos such as pluto and eris
[['the', 'nearinfrared', 'spectrum', 'of', '50000', 'quaoar', 'obtained', 'at', 'the', 'keck', 'observatory', 'shows', 'distinct', 'absorption', 'features', 'of', 'crystalline', 'water', 'ice', 'solid', 'methane', 'and', 'ethane', 'and', 'possibly', 'other', 'higher', 'order', 'hydrocarbons', 'quaoar', 'is', 'only', 'the', 'fifth', 'kuiper', 'belt', 'object', 'on', 'which', 'volatile', 'ices', 'have', 'been', 'detected', 'the', 'small', 'amount', 'of', 'methane', 'on', 'an', 'otherwise', 'water', 'ice', 'dominated', 'surface', 'suggests', 'that', 'quaoar', 'is', 'a', 'transition', 'object', 'between', 'the', 'dominant', 'volatilepoor', 'small', 'kuiper', 'belt', 'objects', 'kbos', 'and', 'the', 'few', 'volatilerich', 'large', 'kbos', 'such', 'as', 'pluto', 'and', 'eris']]
[-0.05511432272348418, 0.2025015857956072, -0.07384353228816651, 0.0454103700782969, -0.04768617188625307, -0.05626134564875659, -0.028728239832962132, 0.3437803957992828, -0.19000754805551057, -0.37775108825796877, 0.09553525187299554, -0.33623091937098876, -0.07308865006149085, 0.1411310731018164, -0.10839131150776184, -0.016779953580215036, 0.12422563512641263, -0.132118836875601, 0.10188510865029173, -0.25268214055707294, 0.22978872916358242, 0.08228582595979952, 0.04446491738781333, 0.03388026185019548, 0.12678422161703368, -0.1626296371827463, 0.002711504063827087, -0.07501874472497098, -0.17820262165323913, 0.1059324329786272, 0.27679672029363106, 0.03287348361876625, 0.12062290180137897, -0.4147327586739178, -0.2200906202645905, 0.06662033524936492, 0.06576324789644589, 0.07611211825089237, -0.015726594459153264, -0.2825131695941988, 0.03521127046747918, -0.2283545976437359, -0.1639930224046111, 0.059177465052400006, 0.10546426011630929, -0.04412437653932047, -0.1570164764956403, 0.05142150707094066, 0.0763548794118351, 0.21117694877334928, -0.1909827238274177, -0.2642284121914172, -0.19356717034074736, 0.0667014973945018, -0.01417183399015297, -0.03429738829944687, 0.2668818850855691, -0.10734031687726278, 0.054534439205091045, 0.47428116942924187, -0.1613292052559218, 0.05976726849709289, 0.3335166169128504, -0.2399567152900868, -0.12813489170498157, 0.3387388765632388, 0.12928479663040265, 0.16699295854532575, -0.11857037833072694, -0.024338053239240164, -0.11978204327310066, 0.25426494029451563, 0.15204549456262087, 0.10581008367330196, 0.4100388887966703, 0.14539199455989055, 0.04823264956238668, 0.08745680443159899, -0.30766995933961616, -0.055709899111415245, -0.11777355268047786, -0.18944576270990524, -0.2410142068745546, 0.0005150046311767705, -0.09575972090551, -0.14714366190993866, 0.23565381137003383, 0.07039040195789323, 0.13963651691608311, -0.008512037391045007, 0.3051217450221709, -0.03214468816098903, 0.13960505312824822, 0.07903760495449765, 0.32457631500998896, 0.036644306808081735, 0.1276772186743567, -0.20856097607076707, 0.1667091612120619, 0.010644612769338202]
710.3592
Numerical Study of a Three-Dimensional Mixed Ising Ferrimagnet in the Presence of an External Field
We present a numerical study based on Monte Carlo algorithm of the magnetic properties of a mixed Ising ferrimagnetic model on a cubic lattice where spins $\sigma =\pm 1/2$ and spins $S=0,\pm 1$ are in alternating sites on the lattice. We carried out exact ground state calculations and employ a Monte Carlo simulation to obtain the finite-temperature phase diagram of the model. A compensation point appears when the next-nearest-neighbor interaction between the spins $\sigma =\pm 1/2$ exceeds a minimum value. We found a strong dependence of the compensation temperature with the interactions in the Hamiltonian, particulary the crystal field and the external field. An applied field can change the range of values of the compensation temperature from zero up to a maximum value that depends on the field.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we present a numerical study based on monte carlo algorithm of the magnetic properties of a mixed ising ferrimagnetic model on a cubic lattice where spins sigma pm 12 and spins s0pm 1 are in alternating sites on the lattice we carried out exact ground state calculations and employ a monte carlo simulation to obtain the finitetemperature phase diagram of the model a compensation point appears when the nextnearestneighbor interaction between the spins sigma pm 12 exceeds a minimum value we found a strong dependence of the compensation temperature with the interactions in the hamiltonian particulary the crystal field and the external field an applied field can change the range of values of the compensation temperature from zero up to a maximum value that depends on the field
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'numerical', 'study', 'based', 'on', 'monte', 'carlo', 'algorithm', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'mixed', 'ising', 'ferrimagnetic', 'model', 'on', 'a', 'cubic', 'lattice', 'where', 'spins', 'sigma', 'pm', '12', 'and', 'spins', 's0pm', '1', 'are', 'in', 'alternating', 'sites', 'on', 'the', 'lattice', 'we', 'carried', 'out', 'exact', 'ground', 'state', 'calculations', 'and', 'employ', 'a', 'monte', 'carlo', 'simulation', 'to', 'obtain', 'the', 'finitetemperature', 'phase', 'diagram', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'a', 'compensation', 'point', 'appears', 'when', 'the', 'nextnearestneighbor', 'interaction', 'between', 'the', 'spins', 'sigma', 'pm', '12', 'exceeds', 'a', 'minimum', 'value', 'we', 'found', 'a', 'strong', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'compensation', 'temperature', 'with', 'the', 'interactions', 'in', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'particulary', 'the', 'crystal', 'field', 'and', 'the', 'external', 'field', 'an', 'applied', 'field', 'can', 'change', 'the', 'range', 'of', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'compensation', 'temperature', 'from', 'zero', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'maximum', 'value', 'that', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'field']]
[-0.17335292689986234, 0.1732294275729017, -0.06111302481474736, 0.030689817262945448, -0.027523456680346427, -0.10628976917818306, 0.09959557164995748, 0.3894539614241042, -0.22865073910115039, -0.31962887571728604, 0.07516891826274182, -0.31947770109766815, -0.06241703571707714, 0.15161648818189058, 0.09786363289229513, -0.018100474795072676, 0.012630216251164087, 0.058024680505939355, -0.16138076451313718, -0.20702041386934658, 0.24545690586561736, 0.03931148975031582, 0.2679976252838969, 0.05235489019317421, 0.11313731503566565, 0.0631030569747677, 0.10833794522047864, 0.04235758463756775, -0.19298780737766733, 0.03297290804795463, 0.15068519405890476, -0.04650346070938692, 0.2164045414102711, -0.38353868718735695, -0.17208327441732948, 0.09677521414746802, 0.11812961704966678, 0.1536989482633007, -0.05810904033174078, -0.2525095921422274, 0.04427386296355701, -0.1539293207323516, -0.11760384372277845, -0.05280088759029713, -0.0356097754905015, 0.02841874826369499, -0.3078462197115337, 0.08700534991285669, 0.002153449554333654, 0.1363421818401319, -0.0656360984618563, -0.16868114763848835, -0.04517938527388601, 0.07815204340140482, 0.028929748081081494, 0.11135332765860674, 0.11233781868826569, -0.13118867634054948, -0.12545185886675447, 0.3534097256006922, -0.07396211767547184, -0.15857884737362307, 0.13757608632197765, -0.1550257658497907, -0.09096370550517843, 0.15716005434597455, 0.14002965673333123, 0.1306004765549836, -0.12022890074888527, 0.1081295406696108, -0.0038296353130594014, 0.23217132319554165, -0.05932108148213799, -0.0589625049404448, 0.21855169024289123, 0.15226350529816032, 0.045774739345638304, 0.17998633145054024, -0.14134349028843887, -0.17155077223350682, -0.2817400261525094, -0.12439127254948812, -0.22918009216068533, 0.08115096861775231, -0.14159410807277042, -0.18103375298330399, 0.38892761261503056, 0.2112614829129884, 0.17256793348983987, 0.0028710982094951503, 0.22095769676049865, 0.12666147714114095, 0.03419626012855158, 0.06019041097198621, 0.24417957120875675, 0.20040738694443125, 0.05853890792987361, -0.3100624300711825, 0.0051752293691420415, 0.0496417259152128]
710.3593
HE 1113-0641: The Smallest Separation Gravitational Lens Identified by a Ground-based Optical Telescope
The Hamburg/ESO quasar HE 1113-0641 is found to be a quadruple gravitational lens, based on observations with the twin 6.5m Magellan telescopes at the Las Campanas Observatory, and subsequently with the Hubble Space Telescope. The z_S=1.235 quasar appears in a cross configuration, with i' band magnitudes ranging from 18.0 to 18.8. With a maximum image separation of 0.67'', this is the smallest-separation quadruple ever identified using a ground-based optical telescope. PSF subtraction reveals a faint lensing galaxy. A simple lens model succeeds in predicting the observed positions of the components, but fails to match their observed flux ratios by up to a magnitude. We estimate the redshift of the lensing galaxy to be z_L~0.7. Time delay estimates are on the order of a day, suggesting that the flux ratio anomalies are not due to variability of the quasar, but may result from substructure or microlensing in the lens galaxy.
astro-ph
the hamburgeso quasar he 11130641 is found to be a quadruple gravitational lens based on observations with the twin 65m magellan telescopes at the las campanas observatory and subsequently with the hubble space telescope the z_s1235 quasar appears in a cross configuration with i band magnitudes ranging from 180 to 188 with a maximum image separation of 067 this is the smallestseparation quadruple ever identified using a groundbased optical telescope psf subtraction reveals a faint lensing galaxy a simple lens model succeeds in predicting the observed positions of the components but fails to match their observed flux ratios by up to a magnitude we estimate the redshift of the lensing galaxy to be z_l07 time delay estimates are on the order of a day suggesting that the flux ratio anomalies are not due to variability of the quasar but may result from substructure or microlensing in the lens galaxy
[['the', 'hamburgeso', 'quasar', 'he', '11130641', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'quadruple', 'gravitational', 'lens', 'based', 'on', 'observations', 'with', 'the', 'twin', '65m', 'magellan', 'telescopes', 'at', 'the', 'las', 'campanas', 'observatory', 'and', 'subsequently', 'with', 'the', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'the', 'z_s1235', 'quasar', 'appears', 'in', 'a', 'cross', 'configuration', 'with', 'i', 'band', 'magnitudes', 'ranging', 'from', '180', 'to', '188', 'with', 'a', 'maximum', 'image', 'separation', 'of', '067', 'this', 'is', 'the', 'smallestseparation', 'quadruple', 'ever', 'identified', 'using', 'a', 'groundbased', 'optical', 'telescope', 'psf', 'subtraction', 'reveals', 'a', 'faint', 'lensing', 'galaxy', 'a', 'simple', 'lens', 'model', 'succeeds', 'in', 'predicting', 'the', 'observed', 'positions', 'of', 'the', 'components', 'but', 'fails', 'to', 'match', 'their', 'observed', 'flux', 'ratios', 'by', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'magnitude', 'we', 'estimate', 'the', 'redshift', 'of', 'the', 'lensing', 'galaxy', 'to', 'be', 'z_l07', 'time', 'delay', 'estimates', 'are', 'on', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'a', 'day', 'suggesting', 'that', 'the', 'flux', 'ratio', 'anomalies', 'are', 'not', 'due', 'to', 'variability', 'of', 'the', 'quasar', 'but', 'may', 'result', 'from', 'substructure', 'or', 'microlensing', 'in', 'the', 'lens', 'galaxy']]
[-0.09126019317522276, 0.0714969299412493, -0.11127388377449123, 0.07650019481440942, -0.13363262305742707, -0.09228227141730744, 0.022544905220575888, 0.4278723738605863, -0.13742710827560775, -0.39729389587481473, 0.06993474403139333, -0.3367031396976833, -0.0694656958646976, 0.21314102932489637, -0.05012844975652366, -0.004193590430478598, 0.09879033968237967, -0.08005272778200692, -0.05004253748810352, -0.29237034138500817, 0.2770350723976976, 0.10332316406841936, 0.1702258266315892, -0.04851596901546521, 0.13088259070726305, -0.05644234538014079, -0.10660834020838655, 0.028058144769526953, -0.10876958476292202, 0.02473569924718347, 0.2504134592616224, 0.11110297776196666, 0.1858391884425334, -0.2632342629596302, -0.1505618986994799, 0.0862236412755888, 0.1557089781444841, 0.05888097635952049, -0.017117800105941192, -0.3281940250697642, 0.04506881784262328, -0.12259960913516837, -0.1647006900435121, 0.10993237548441513, 0.005404932520769793, 0.0532772700591334, -0.22849854831262653, 0.07828254602078734, -0.040388596118909534, 0.08210767871130194, -0.10344395158683946, -0.07854169117274758, -0.06006642221232298, 0.08342052519738931, -0.0082844683169869, 0.09893682463865341, 0.11092418178209457, -0.1464693134602416, -0.02633965857335013, 0.43616355397931206, -0.0812534957052337, 0.00549610992411858, 0.14523502756873596, -0.2294602970560563, -0.17202466408529415, 0.17012729327643997, 0.1706151479823065, 0.0869548996300276, -0.15992579402337814, 0.023887240346761998, 0.016509878872652893, 0.27932460878429743, 0.06159150429583829, 0.036608040456736365, 0.3002673269024697, 0.10311302449554205, 0.08591408986906353, 0.05998762114904821, -0.3259699839103068, 0.015468495399370018, -0.22977198637893487, -0.09276198904704432, -0.1654843354115969, 0.09875723857217837, -0.1369025321708438, -0.14551795396054612, 0.3684907395264198, 0.11473019308298184, 0.23846867757624593, 0.08393548732495, 0.3151901913357192, 0.09464193406627225, 0.1413177917438463, 0.017264605159389563, 0.3845031131380077, 0.12855300276604448, 0.10570036285428394, -0.20661619142789778, 0.05240671762811213, 0.02745470218039278]
710.3594
Influence of Impact Parameter Fluctuations on Transverse Momentum Fluctuations
The preliminary NA49 results on the energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations over the whole SPS energy range exhibit an unexpected effect. The $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ fluctuation measure - used by the NA49 experiment - manifests a different behavior for different charge combinations. Whereas the $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ is consistent with zero and independent of energy for negatively charged particles, it significantly increases for both all charged and positively charged particles at lower SPS energies. The string-hadronic model UrQMD is applied here to explain this effect. The UrQMD simulations show that the number of protons is strongly correlated with impact parameter and that the event-by-event impact parameter fluctuations are responsible for the event-by-event transverse momentum fluctuations of positively charged and all charged particles where protons are included. The observations presented in this article are important for all experiments measuring event-by-event fluctuations, especially for those using all charged particles in the analysis. The results can be also crucial for detectors with acceptances extending to the beam/target spectator domains.
nucl-ex hep-ph nucl-th
the preliminary na49 results on the energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations over the whole sps energy range exhibit an unexpected effect the phi_p_t fluctuation measure used by the na49 experiment manifests a different behavior for different charge combinations whereas the phi_p_t is consistent with zero and independent of energy for negatively charged particles it significantly increases for both all charged and positively charged particles at lower sps energies the stringhadronic model urqmd is applied here to explain this effect the urqmd simulations show that the number of protons is strongly correlated with impact parameter and that the eventbyevent impact parameter fluctuations are responsible for the eventbyevent transverse momentum fluctuations of positively charged and all charged particles where protons are included the observations presented in this article are important for all experiments measuring eventbyevent fluctuations especially for those using all charged particles in the analysis the results can be also crucial for detectors with acceptances extending to the beamtarget spectator domains
[['the', 'preliminary', 'na49', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'energy', 'dependence', 'of', 'transverse', 'momentum', 'fluctuations', 'over', 'the', 'whole', 'sps', 'energy', 'range', 'exhibit', 'an', 'unexpected', 'effect', 'the', 'phi_p_t', 'fluctuation', 'measure', 'used', 'by', 'the', 'na49', 'experiment', 'manifests', 'a', 'different', 'behavior', 'for', 'different', 'charge', 'combinations', 'whereas', 'the', 'phi_p_t', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'zero', 'and', 'independent', 'of', 'energy', 'for', 'negatively', 'charged', 'particles', 'it', 'significantly', 'increases', 'for', 'both', 'all', 'charged', 'and', 'positively', 'charged', 'particles', 'at', 'lower', 'sps', 'energies', 'the', 'stringhadronic', 'model', 'urqmd', 'is', 'applied', 'here', 'to', 'explain', 'this', 'effect', 'the', 'urqmd', 'simulations', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'protons', 'is', 'strongly', 'correlated', 'with', 'impact', 'parameter', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'eventbyevent', 'impact', 'parameter', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'eventbyevent', 'transverse', 'momentum', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'positively', 'charged', 'and', 'all', 'charged', 'particles', 'where', 'protons', 'are', 'included', 'the', 'observations', 'presented', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'are', 'important', 'for', 'all', 'experiments', 'measuring', 'eventbyevent', 'fluctuations', 'especially', 'for', 'those', 'using', 'all', 'charged', 'particles', 'in', 'the', 'analysis', 'the', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'also', 'crucial', 'for', 'detectors', 'with', 'acceptances', 'extending', 'to', 'the', 'beamtarget', 'spectator', 'domains']]
[-0.076255125274176, 0.31065824009871806, -0.10115868253170611, 0.13241088919642363, 0.030242968839448617, -0.09518685970333932, -0.08263698362699068, 0.3266061332354449, -0.17530768257652565, -0.3219814983468433, -0.033407264286420824, -0.36806939497752034, 0.013047321190513808, 0.1861299971937092, 0.05397178511198911, 0.045503988091238075, 0.09882544789330236, -0.012918106883313067, -0.015016086480539778, -0.1781682829251108, 0.3102744706727055, 0.1681959998926946, 0.3107798261110966, 0.15091317260684156, 0.08498800987586008, 0.05995102490946327, -0.037451340646268975, 0.08596660129824271, -0.13806733227617277, 0.02884610348976917, 0.2351893050037903, -0.005326761871040148, 0.1505450741619288, -0.3805512729800821, -0.1788423396473438, 0.1501884022322686, 0.154424066137615, 0.09293976490044538, -0.09191634137868904, -0.2523984397582201, 0.0783052648770513, -0.17139913032687507, -0.14332937629353285, -0.06062388109471302, 0.004388843243652434, 0.08836009137777855, -0.2901921952407234, 0.13929735236893037, 0.004524166762296643, 0.042419554194238804, -0.08338494048025806, -0.18413542275264952, -0.05272778977715173, 0.07288446201095415, 0.12361844836644574, 0.039043398961563655, 0.22122168944142065, -0.11406964388649234, -0.12392003395340133, 0.34154271876427883, -0.039900391842730296, -0.24024216569265963, 0.1629136267337971, -0.2214161731007723, -0.11982817446139803, 0.16185030268840722, 0.20236805341675046, 0.10969297335662456, -0.15414775873285644, 0.025626271300781402, -0.01122735423955673, 0.1629989287983742, 0.03272437598261265, 0.06117495360512356, 0.21413480386901532, 0.17053491483668085, -0.007043329125374371, 0.10734161606560294, -0.09940595356082278, -0.11451330246340183, -0.3300370532001213, -0.12785262498217895, -0.1333324848876699, 0.0031916942203024067, -0.08255675013042604, -0.08958717280570765, 0.3923003727928822, 0.15566918898015197, 0.23143175119672965, -0.002307651362017445, 0.2661443694598788, 0.07434246234121437, 0.026824458419802303, 0.07404285411766921, 0.2797213662719435, 0.10883794371212213, 0.17330765938429707, -0.2666496809467858, 0.06650160664623106, -0.005938750782819546]
710.3595
On gradient Ricci solitons with Symmetry
We study gradient Ricci solitons with maximal symmetry. First we show that there are no non-trivial homogeneous gradient Ricci solitons. Thus the most symmetry one can expect is an isometric cohomogeneity one group action. Many examples of cohomogeneity one gradient solitons have been constructed. However, we apply the main result in our paper "Rigidity of gradient Ricci solitons" to show that there are no noncompact cohomogeneity one shrinking gradient solitons with nonnegative curvature.
math.DG
we study gradient ricci solitons with maximal symmetry first we show that there are no nontrivial homogeneous gradient ricci solitons thus the most symmetry one can expect is an isometric cohomogeneity one group action many examples of cohomogeneity one gradient solitons have been constructed however we apply the main result in our paper rigidity of gradient ricci solitons to show that there are no noncompact cohomogeneity one shrinking gradient solitons with nonnegative curvature
[['we', 'study', 'gradient', 'ricci', 'solitons', 'with', 'maximal', 'symmetry', 'first', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'no', 'nontrivial', 'homogeneous', 'gradient', 'ricci', 'solitons', 'thus', 'the', 'most', 'symmetry', 'one', 'can', 'expect', 'is', 'an', 'isometric', 'cohomogeneity', 'one', 'group', 'action', 'many', 'examples', 'of', 'cohomogeneity', 'one', 'gradient', 'solitons', 'have', 'been', 'constructed', 'however', 'we', 'apply', 'the', 'main', 'result', 'in', 'our', 'paper', 'rigidity', 'of', 'gradient', 'ricci', 'solitons', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'no', 'noncompact', 'cohomogeneity', 'one', 'shrinking', 'gradient', 'solitons', 'with', 'nonnegative', 'curvature']]
[-0.2154369167983532, 0.11040316880158346, -0.1105223258778657, 0.06352453375369158, -0.1851198050410372, -0.2113835353863566, -0.17774220744677346, 0.4911221584738934, -0.20050570641306217, -0.1527648081377863, 0.1791760740683682, -0.3306042450824625, -0.1871198001572837, 0.14517023326663223, -0.11429391788599426, -0.031462456614786936, 0.07186011635787683, 0.1373583206728305, -0.04580311065743843, -0.3039159508396501, 0.4507677548832885, -0.11604475258045817, 0.23237546176126558, 0.08632257535466797, 0.12368778952665321, -0.13037166069580675, 0.06774563916754743, 0.015863257422022624, -0.19482959793623034, 0.07520908744661264, 0.22218096757639352, 0.023522367212946895, 0.2583219565400114, -0.4175337432845406, -0.31370634949217513, 0.2587902410057922, 0.20205338451092783, 0.15358258341120123, -0.17132801603372783, -0.27539341403043843, 0.10410080038725514, -0.09449836103666624, -0.17394144282347765, -0.14936524468844067, -0.017233259848331753, 0.0013295599619845208, -0.11566215771735225, 0.07255781338588424, 0.15075804943805687, 0.019684704923236818, -0.09453213969181763, -0.09137536258092277, -0.12911199595562298, 0.05093883678368102, 0.16530673252737582, 0.05347900477569703, 0.08466025076691724, -0.05832108819525536, -0.1420065664418348, 0.3521840077990743, -0.18511897885585077, -0.24277237529726062, 0.16919624077934414, -0.06551960347322365, -0.15089392821521383, 0.08898121697113734, 0.13862267609889786, 0.22027243713350736, -0.048630445535384016, 0.05571068018636577, -0.06932082754393963, 0.15196144588495772, 0.14757442991057895, -0.043213398186234785, 0.12222891771681096, 0.077779973187318, 0.2661767335989742, 0.11532516656953791, 0.050533444914099286, -0.10976990465113051, -0.3738127325291503, -0.16424982980761219, -0.17845692498328752, 0.12220788653939962, -0.1775567187379076, -0.12778036607659027, 0.3963888058413381, 0.03256704979129646, 0.17113388059278056, 0.09169646251742562, 0.2423919112587424, 0.02788307900023838, 0.09091443926963495, 0.21182094449942854, 0.29439082900572516, 0.19408598822885997, 0.027169249428767864, -0.15369010255560406, -0.13071605172135856, 0.16753194240011174]
710.3596
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Investigation of Uranium Hydride and Uranium Oxide
The present approach to SERS does not rely on a hihj electrical conductivity substrate or admixture to enable the SERS process. The novelty of our method is to create an artificial periodic electron distribution on a surface by illumination with ultraviolet radiation whose photon energy is above the photoelectric work function of the material.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
the present approach to sers does not rely on a hihj electrical conductivity substrate or admixture to enable the sers process the novelty of our method is to create an artificial periodic electron distribution on a surface by illumination with ultraviolet radiation whose photon energy is above the photoelectric work function of the material
[['the', 'present', 'approach', 'to', 'sers', 'does', 'not', 'rely', 'on', 'a', 'hihj', 'electrical', 'conductivity', 'substrate', 'or', 'admixture', 'to', 'enable', 'the', 'sers', 'process', 'the', 'novelty', 'of', 'our', 'method', 'is', 'to', 'create', 'an', 'artificial', 'periodic', 'electron', 'distribution', 'on', 'a', 'surface', 'by', 'illumination', 'with', 'ultraviolet', 'radiation', 'whose', 'photon', 'energy', 'is', 'above', 'the', 'photoelectric', 'work', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'material']]
[-0.037418530972779925, 0.09943476998722751, -0.09978016686432485, -0.03301661394690663, -0.0805688917742304, -0.10601115717007867, 0.07085987599786231, 0.44816691667403813, -0.22370512838879564, -0.3360557628549495, 0.021426657930824836, -0.29846336149593006, -0.1594882094925094, 0.23817040675917184, -0.09846304952746855, 0.05494328765725752, 0.0005280873474647414, -0.02599338570363679, 0.027030331636163987, -0.18764342123396555, 0.33708140872559456, 0.10906524002060013, 0.31397084354089116, 0.15526878169544464, 0.09006032776878269, 0.04444627189253158, -0.0048601698385164985, -0.07415050338461714, -0.057473221323716475, 0.14741055826482996, 0.18723838020748687, 0.00674204252449409, 0.22367761951853643, -0.4583373851722704, -0.27807498449143375, 0.049219983506877465, 0.08304376481979522, 0.12136852361683576, -0.07633079809382698, -0.21818351721004495, 0.01394675694898052, -0.10070441202875578, -0.12219009006325647, -0.04060029980006083, -0.04483976346036454, -0.005249499856221999, -0.27839757678678856, 0.028819947310213773, 0.0581316120992854, 0.041276642817670024, -0.08631636715441379, -0.07316515694003341, -0.029796244334956666, 0.04560648091576712, 0.03398846951697707, 0.04958819040923186, 0.25131063693958633, -0.12384798304827989, -0.06732661310442777, 0.35785466383369463, -0.09756359421068204, -0.18082280179380245, 0.2020284069245154, -0.15288817141872812, 0.005812739355946487, 0.24928060777590805, 0.1577217280337552, 0.1392441945642514, -0.16715775901135407, 0.06650254552094441, -0.005781488747880707, 0.24844925095907078, 0.04453936029436453, 0.05524619482457638, 0.242645568372506, 0.1784202348932905, 0.06525878463256753, 0.10673449191985265, -0.139950345033112, 0.047774178661265466, -0.25407094592755697, -0.16369615310697622, -0.24644775640324884, 0.10658654635623845, -0.00781833583418772, -0.28218338991743774, 0.38970586822702075, 0.14273508172482252, 0.16043297207105975, -0.011871324645636498, 0.3531764502426223, 0.12909515209733244, 0.07828418489651016, -0.004737663469365183, 0.27165762866179477, 0.1099651593150448, 0.11162626664571569, -0.27615449017019206, 0.08328321693851701, 0.01901509851779578]
710.3597
Electromagnetic reactions on light nuclei using chiral effective theory
I describe the use of chiral effective theory (ChiET) to compute electromagnetic reactions in two- and three-nucleon systems. I first explain how chiral perturbation theory can be extended to the few-nucleon sector. I then explain the predictions of the resulting ChiET for electron-deuteron scattering, and how they will be tested by forthcoming data from BLAST. I conclude by displaying predictions for elastic Compton scattering from deuterium and Helium-3 nuclei. These computations, in concert with future data from MAX-Lab and HIGS, should give significant new information on neutron polarizabilities, and hence yield insight into the structure of the nucleon.
nucl-th
i describe the use of chiral effective theory chiet to compute electromagnetic reactions in two and threenucleon systems i first explain how chiral perturbation theory can be extended to the fewnucleon sector i then explain the predictions of the resulting chiet for electrondeuteron scattering and how they will be tested by forthcoming data from blast i conclude by displaying predictions for elastic compton scattering from deuterium and helium3 nuclei these computations in concert with future data from maxlab and higs should give significant new information on neutron polarizabilities and hence yield insight into the structure of the nucleon
[['i', 'describe', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'chiral', 'effective', 'theory', 'chiet', 'to', 'compute', 'electromagnetic', 'reactions', 'in', 'two', 'and', 'threenucleon', 'systems', 'i', 'first', 'explain', 'how', 'chiral', 'perturbation', 'theory', 'can', 'be', 'extended', 'to', 'the', 'fewnucleon', 'sector', 'i', 'then', 'explain', 'the', 'predictions', 'of', 'the', 'resulting', 'chiet', 'for', 'electrondeuteron', 'scattering', 'and', 'how', 'they', 'will', 'be', 'tested', 'by', 'forthcoming', 'data', 'from', 'blast', 'i', 'conclude', 'by', 'displaying', 'predictions', 'for', 'elastic', 'compton', 'scattering', 'from', 'deuterium', 'and', 'helium3', 'nuclei', 'these', 'computations', 'in', 'concert', 'with', 'future', 'data', 'from', 'maxlab', 'and', 'higs', 'should', 'give', 'significant', 'new', 'information', 'on', 'neutron', 'polarizabilities', 'and', 'hence', 'yield', 'insight', 'into', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'nucleon']]
[-0.011275876398977577, 0.18467362854886343, -0.12418332758682724, 0.13143425910942713, -0.06591321072275085, -0.11074147184322379, 0.0035101600936899074, 0.35100510524471806, -0.23262901391301835, -0.27737185032800676, 0.03551839546024876, -0.32904668106716506, -0.09447469483414779, 0.14755552748636325, 0.051405798130649695, -0.00165756936398886, 0.051914947582598854, -0.0005904402137182805, -0.044488175103336344, -0.1706778823566737, 0.3451082300280734, 0.07530450749648165, 0.1974110665008882, 0.13387965874946012, 0.006001721300203733, 0.03727131696151836, -0.078627016870495, -0.006136410755618494, -0.12358795532128745, 0.1292664846405387, 0.31599858842257944, 0.1146511497874079, 0.09153109133405117, -0.549462379217718, -0.1757005115410275, 0.0375565343194318, 0.14840166705864843, 0.16256248695319708, -0.0331784374501119, -0.3013062645605176, 0.029927213887128105, -0.22697018771622407, -0.15857535977942908, -0.18151069805026054, 0.02095004924268899, 0.04566168604532675, -0.24587864414325497, 0.014370128374287802, -0.02924564969250742, 0.016965627803334167, -0.10824038237048199, -0.17713895797425386, 0.019590653291409264, 0.07256561405576613, 0.06352783076467208, 0.03524618733992648, 0.14270006236145083, -0.14023854201469493, -0.11336593280489347, 0.42127274710456936, -0.04816712662862728, -0.11436226770129738, 0.112694435581869, -0.16017497614102097, -0.14930692293719217, 0.14992921064816872, 0.21927186952932376, 0.03816515656321177, -0.17417951505120408, 0.0560723228863564, 0.013702891528254792, 0.16169103909502452, 0.050195951915194034, 0.017447885481060996, 0.23766813233342707, 0.15327828771396712, -0.050470677926680266, 0.025134311872534454, -0.10874959534005624, -0.048569226082728, -0.3400112288868606, -0.08539281513100033, -0.10268936825355476, 0.07162180248818988, -0.06029501015692237, -0.053605422379962187, 0.3097712037970825, 0.17309551984689445, 0.1782514120651675, -0.007684129907996679, 0.2881557270171767, 0.08172054968451206, 0.06742805572777834, 0.029317525937697108, 0.330127761984358, 0.16188174065639627, 0.10160360842163922, -0.2561880370046069, 0.00980525868659725, 0.024501798565176373]
710.3598
Scalar field exact solutions for non-flat FLRW cosmology: A technique from non-linear Schr\"odinger-type formulation
We report a method of solving for canonical scalar field exact solution in a non-flat FLRW universe with barotropic fluid using non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS)-type formulation in comparison to the method in the standard Friedmann framework. We consider phantom and non-phantom scalar field cases with exponential and power-law accelerating expansion. Analysis on effective equation of state to both cases of expansion is also performed. We speculate and comment on some advantage and disadvantage of using the NLS formulation in solving for the exact solution.
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th quant-ph
we report a method of solving for canonical scalar field exact solution in a nonflat flrw universe with barotropic fluid using nonlinear schrodinger nlstype formulation in comparison to the method in the standard friedmann framework we consider phantom and nonphantom scalar field cases with exponential and powerlaw accelerating expansion analysis on effective equation of state to both cases of expansion is also performed we speculate and comment on some advantage and disadvantage of using the nls formulation in solving for the exact solution
[['we', 'report', 'a', 'method', 'of', 'solving', 'for', 'canonical', 'scalar', 'field', 'exact', 'solution', 'in', 'a', 'nonflat', 'flrw', 'universe', 'with', 'barotropic', 'fluid', 'using', 'nonlinear', 'schrodinger', 'nlstype', 'formulation', 'in', 'comparison', 'to', 'the', 'method', 'in', 'the', 'standard', 'friedmann', 'framework', 'we', 'consider', 'phantom', 'and', 'nonphantom', 'scalar', 'field', 'cases', 'with', 'exponential', 'and', 'powerlaw', 'accelerating', 'expansion', 'analysis', 'on', 'effective', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'to', 'both', 'cases', 'of', 'expansion', 'is', 'also', 'performed', 'we', 'speculate', 'and', 'comment', 'on', 'some', 'advantage', 'and', 'disadvantage', 'of', 'using', 'the', 'nls', 'formulation', 'in', 'solving', 'for', 'the', 'exact', 'solution']]
[-0.10683069079665534, -0.0037995176165398345, -0.12458325786718044, 0.05902067781566272, -0.12524251503791345, -0.18935213530862546, -0.047071397753365066, 0.33383646912603493, -0.17593627153749924, -0.29321384376072024, 0.0783122327257262, -0.2573785184242998, -0.1358859595135752, 0.1745618551475815, 0.03497971614531006, 0.06139199026153389, 0.060328843318913354, 0.017736651138009794, -0.07649162927844438, -0.23663170970359212, 0.35499524293433743, 0.013027516376025167, 0.2514913858486766, 0.0024555261325405306, 0.16203060901600375, -0.043963783933270544, -0.012461208362491375, 0.062111260445466956, -0.16475703404565534, 0.04537060243043914, 0.17673591515947, 0.10426711862211127, 0.2608455848622035, -0.442718949146479, -0.25137405860495854, 0.10783958732408572, 0.1947785366708076, 0.17419571942279496, -0.0802273221947926, -0.2848053881281381, 0.031107529499729343, -0.15886736084449005, -0.1706037853833243, -0.10712129804474044, -0.025843264992315186, -0.03408484374374959, -0.2521470257428935, 0.18449990033222563, -0.0033730366183108234, -0.003145947735420013, -0.1813791156746447, -0.08934980311223406, 0.05955203061541879, -0.04179711683081037, 0.0943790741099314, -0.0026353657728128404, 0.06198046180834792, -0.1906461846981063, -0.06629902117952974, 0.39669579763459156, -0.18629743404271282, -0.2509953274604786, 0.08463905913284026, -0.12018100126276174, -0.11314839083162775, 0.06735934771833021, 0.14233817374445948, 0.13598717962313128, -0.12036646498614047, 0.1941007805443986, 0.027559258958257466, 0.13287318897635553, 0.08572549129421093, -0.046809866396059475, 0.15941835342940078, 0.14560608743095255, 0.004595396599833326, 0.13654943487146892, 0.009106600556118661, -0.20938814182328172, -0.3483092770294612, -0.18838972201941154, -0.1410813875698361, 0.0621804852636127, -0.1597704888056369, -0.20229229860075087, 0.38137250790843763, 0.13445380399654427, 0.12245505686894238, 0.05616347654442112, 0.2813688178198883, 0.13929974888058672, -0.06852661622744279, 0.12453409649474835, 0.2605314046689393, 0.1499104399896081, 0.14986293829685773, -0.24980367672438902, -0.07502448722069342, 0.12763783337929882]
710.3599
Hamilton relativity group for noninertial states in quantum mechanics
Physical states in quantum mechanics are rays in a Hilbert space. Projective representations of a relativity group transform between the quantum physical states that are in the admissible class. The physical observables of position, time, energy and momentum are the Hermitian representation of the Weyl-Heisenberg algebra. We show that there is a consistency condition that requires the relativity group to be a subgroup of the group of automorphisms of the Weyl-Heisenberg algebra. This, together with the requirement of the invariance of classical time, results in the inhomogeneous Hamilton group that is the relativity group for noninertial frames in classical Hamilton's mechanics. The projective representation of a group is equivalent to unitary representations of its central extension. The central extension of the inhomogeneous Hamilton group and its corresponding Casimir invariants are computed. One of the Casimir invariants is a generalized spin that is invariant for noninertial states. It is the familiar inertial Galilean spin with additional terms that may be compared to noninertial experimental results.
math-ph math.MP
physical states in quantum mechanics are rays in a hilbert space projective representations of a relativity group transform between the quantum physical states that are in the admissible class the physical observables of position time energy and momentum are the hermitian representation of the weylheisenberg algebra we show that there is a consistency condition that requires the relativity group to be a subgroup of the group of automorphisms of the weylheisenberg algebra this together with the requirement of the invariance of classical time results in the inhomogeneous hamilton group that is the relativity group for noninertial frames in classical hamiltons mechanics the projective representation of a group is equivalent to unitary representations of its central extension the central extension of the inhomogeneous hamilton group and its corresponding casimir invariants are computed one of the casimir invariants is a generalized spin that is invariant for noninertial states it is the familiar inertial galilean spin with additional terms that may be compared to noninertial experimental results
[['physical', 'states', 'in', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'are', 'rays', 'in', 'a', 'hilbert', 'space', 'projective', 'representations', 'of', 'a', 'relativity', 'group', 'transform', 'between', 'the', 'quantum', 'physical', 'states', 'that', 'are', 'in', 'the', 'admissible', 'class', 'the', 'physical', 'observables', 'of', 'position', 'time', 'energy', 'and', 'momentum', 'are', 'the', 'hermitian', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'weylheisenberg', 'algebra', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'consistency', 'condition', 'that', 'requires', 'the', 'relativity', 'group', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'subgroup', 'of', 'the', 'group', 'of', 'automorphisms', 'of', 'the', 'weylheisenberg', 'algebra', 'this', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'requirement', 'of', 'the', 'invariance', 'of', 'classical', 'time', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'hamilton', 'group', 'that', 'is', 'the', 'relativity', 'group', 'for', 'noninertial', 'frames', 'in', 'classical', 'hamiltons', 'mechanics', 'the', 'projective', 'representation', 'of', 'a', 'group', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'unitary', 'representations', 'of', 'its', 'central', 'extension', 'the', 'central', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'hamilton', 'group', 'and', 'its', 'corresponding', 'casimir', 'invariants', 'are', 'computed', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'casimir', 'invariants', 'is', 'a', 'generalized', 'spin', 'that', 'is', 'invariant', 'for', 'noninertial', 'states', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'familiar', 'inertial', 'galilean', 'spin', 'with', 'additional', 'terms', 'that', 'may', 'be', 'compared', 'to', 'noninertial', 'experimental', 'results']]
[-0.18301073020244607, 0.1651449662927118, -0.15906392415792386, 0.05994737601523833, -0.0954546665903408, -0.09839018115705651, -0.06303729852888643, 0.3514316457851858, -0.29711041986806, -0.24041705311946115, 0.06926848943751282, -0.24624010583771982, -0.12332495750657782, 0.17550085781982577, -0.11047700260163898, 0.04159809927180659, 0.07487166382474597, 0.127871996484606, -0.14263742117540593, -0.19187545946163193, 0.3614498451806423, 0.04415417396784306, 0.2387661863623823, -0.0366583898657842, 0.1251967887098833, 0.02355925825271165, 0.00015283181408715503, -0.00016860389054849427, -0.053627206647123365, 0.1059089541188924, 0.2766676714371254, 0.07401023353109272, 0.21434658367993173, -0.38119353188724237, -0.19826441981670698, 0.14206447401765462, 0.07122907598457504, 0.10388098410671441, -0.03242587168536308, -0.33069196045853017, 0.035089216325659214, -0.1713671576368009, -0.15213987159701745, -0.06417579967642158, 0.062288790343545106, -0.046098806236575286, -0.2049600847616292, 0.09041147372151566, 0.08068336037316973, 0.07589859197983836, -0.08062620585494698, -0.043799170438433066, -0.05070948535178947, 0.11161581568260927, 0.010324298378602579, 0.03798088155084903, 0.15868281870910034, -0.10072534723156246, -0.13688702353776047, 0.4768673739305175, -0.021922034455290087, -0.2772627006477972, 0.14387904228812948, -0.17555610831364105, -0.15930654893333956, 0.08656166111993627, 0.09214176915631425, 0.09998567078103561, -0.09285078766733044, 0.1614639467620802, -0.13021400850834097, 0.08516246738854977, 0.042122793015484446, 0.07117668476818902, 0.15458125207238127, 0.04517661795877602, 0.05975259481588515, 0.09581856009487925, 0.02131873360130845, -0.1284771095109513, -0.41037328473133283, -0.24304010198315287, -0.17924198044872866, 0.08752124839485055, -0.11861357059973582, -0.11099619242339963, 0.4168974607164273, 0.11045431315887538, 0.11897544261272543, 0.08355314026745718, 0.21715311731052836, 0.11072972217552, 0.09476100609612242, 0.07109421808499752, 0.23828113529399583, 0.22760380138415934, 0.00695042446448763, -0.23605675426334505, -0.05062599678058177, 0.1592184972279228]
710.36
Statistical Methods for Investigating the Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum
Two separate statistical tests are described and developed in order to test un-binned data sets for adherence to the power-law form. The first test employs the TP-statistic, a function defined to deviate from zero when the sample deviates from the power-law form, regardless of the value of the power index. The second test employs a likelihood ratio test to reject a power-law background in favor of a model signal distribution with a cut-off.
astro-ph math.ST stat.TH
two separate statistical tests are described and developed in order to test unbinned data sets for adherence to the powerlaw form the first test employs the tpstatistic a function defined to deviate from zero when the sample deviates from the powerlaw form regardless of the value of the power index the second test employs a likelihood ratio test to reject a powerlaw background in favor of a model signal distribution with a cutoff
[['two', 'separate', 'statistical', 'tests', 'are', 'described', 'and', 'developed', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'test', 'unbinned', 'data', 'sets', 'for', 'adherence', 'to', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'form', 'the', 'first', 'test', 'employs', 'the', 'tpstatistic', 'a', 'function', 'defined', 'to', 'deviate', 'from', 'zero', 'when', 'the', 'sample', 'deviates', 'from', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'form', 'regardless', 'of', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'power', 'index', 'the', 'second', 'test', 'employs', 'a', 'likelihood', 'ratio', 'test', 'to', 'reject', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'background', 'in', 'favor', 'of', 'a', 'model', 'signal', 'distribution', 'with', 'a', 'cutoff']]
[-0.028139445290435106, 0.04429154581804243, -0.16480082461041295, 0.08872444361137848, -0.07418901372713865, -0.17080880786266384, 0.07289489753828901, 0.2801619044168749, -0.19792799346355927, -0.37141503227434847, 0.04594517960665851, -0.320676638563681, -0.023188720321437966, 0.17506119494727398, -0.00573415401029504, 0.0768855582896827, -0.029339609030608296, 0.043384698200194784, -0.06749506593526651, -0.16977275222436422, 0.3102661282108683, 0.10795318499569678, 0.3516621093213972, -0.07228902894227456, 0.06623475681893372, -0.00699670881860786, -0.06798375877163683, 0.03604601432258884, -0.08322541374299261, 0.057157310508450285, 0.16380328350027817, 0.16321474635818353, 0.24120742871633005, -0.3445832081159905, -0.1774407371865689, 0.14606987120350823, 0.09472339423761393, 0.024008738290932443, -0.0006785747181210252, -0.21273733152257693, 0.08271592430537567, -0.17424615281440006, -0.15713789090902233, -0.017619713212803215, -0.03763185961482426, 0.033371525454438396, -0.37924729551499087, 0.13969787787775406, 0.021614475806321327, 0.03615650369061364, -0.04000500274641025, -0.11355532463898675, 0.018288811455325533, 0.09537889906601373, 0.10324038580519199, 0.022481389812633604, 0.1319774805775119, -0.11200994704591317, -0.09589822279263495, 0.3653106186668285, -0.12049095372640295, -0.19661586659236086, 0.143637055841585, -0.17033639476155965, -0.12016135885561299, 0.1295825834515401, 0.20653880348739526, 0.06093500866942728, -0.15292925093773294, 0.036045558685246865, 0.015412691928860214, 0.22832106392080379, 0.06856315862387419, -0.07276569368938605, 0.22344681068271813, 0.14897055780036478, -0.008781998431206577, 0.17234242589782095, -0.13500265192447436, -0.08680543567364414, -0.3406897610855392, -0.10866514773159805, -0.24281622539112707, 0.05271559958863589, -0.11521192255875373, -0.20372772234905925, 0.4131502434126257, 0.14003602877750787, 0.22711162332497123, 0.13087613960184777, 0.27039983017473584, 0.142465382054474, 0.04602242222366234, 0.0731984411217531, 0.2722296755010676, 0.09614927711340392, 0.042310115674303636, -0.15435126422906048, 0.07788304310654187, -0.0012220289920353228]
710.3601
A Possible Orbital Solution For The Triple Star WDS 18253+4846
We present here the orbital elements for the pair BC of visual binary star WDS 18253+4846 (ADS 11344 = HD 170109) and ephemerides for the period 2008-2014. As the orbital elements of pair AB already existed we analyzed mass ratio between these two pairs and concluded that components C is the biggest one in this triple system.
astro-ph
we present here the orbital elements for the pair bc of visual binary star wds 182534846 ads 11344 hd 170109 and ephemerides for the period 20082014 as the orbital elements of pair ab already existed we analyzed mass ratio between these two pairs and concluded that components c is the biggest one in this triple system
[['we', 'present', 'here', 'the', 'orbital', 'elements', 'for', 'the', 'pair', 'bc', 'of', 'visual', 'binary', 'star', 'wds', '182534846', 'ads', '11344', 'hd', '170109', 'and', 'ephemerides', 'for', 'the', 'period', '20082014', 'as', 'the', 'orbital', 'elements', 'of', 'pair', 'ab', 'already', 'existed', 'we', 'analyzed', 'mass', 'ratio', 'between', 'these', 'two', 'pairs', 'and', 'concluded', 'that', 'components', 'c', 'is', 'the', 'biggest', 'one', 'in', 'this', 'triple', 'system']]
[-0.22165110782843153, 0.1165612019457907, -0.013540540136537462, 0.048310770916770086, -0.0182373002962262, -0.10579797302214604, 0.07731748071393736, 0.3857502448636125, -0.21224369154364434, -0.2902276305973811, 0.04548300903527734, -0.31361262429997605, -0.09577642933834556, 0.18568597885094723, -0.017721146230919742, 0.01905974049894315, 0.16931382575476506, 0.04663041128144371, -0.07871853637087317, -0.271512181884697, 0.348123504938382, -0.009143512537878639, 0.09731373300705597, -0.03039033050244709, 0.04948200012188194, 0.015509777680425992, -0.02069596231328587, -0.06712355742336444, -0.1390871405597383, 0.08675251934536786, 0.20290624937218316, 0.16273208604485812, 0.1272424701337685, -0.322353402785254, -0.12911089066908044, 0.0534560113864125, 0.15460365417606706, 0.03855496895376523, -0.05044358353710399, -0.21355419143164567, 0.11771233791028554, -0.253117933746357, -0.10558147586108942, 0.044509334313981935, 0.17317158282506015, 0.01565256407308691, -0.25747123262229954, 0.038877535839828684, 0.06376115141331025, 0.08341619606077108, -0.11351042152997458, -0.1870039650173155, -0.08748503699722998, 0.13193270123018971, 0.03148023444579317, 0.04267822716490559, 0.028483047360940924, -0.02693610722286943, -0.07952664869855035, 0.39521378440395843, -0.09595877975489031, -0.10166835063576417, 0.22468418125414624, -0.171051197922525, -0.14354848478622032, 0.05998898952109915, 0.13559574777928163, 0.12664389076097957, -0.21262415382519084, -0.00505540821534353, -0.0012104462761923951, 0.21509636847196884, 0.10105571280813443, 0.07633463453220309, 0.3499057746299033, 0.10219013458996448, -0.01402653802643675, 0.06222098543888555, -0.19124845482127847, -0.09456006613261295, -0.22171434874312496, -0.19528382563225502, -0.13506264681268906, 0.0026328313902442184, -0.07866579088555947, -0.12154207336452771, 0.3504954089656613, 0.08523920630675934, 0.1882643132593553, -0.06236746460902241, 0.2762273867034687, 0.08524526233723352, 0.06915233146431109, 0.07955503645616602, 0.3226948343568815, 0.1289841720772872, 0.12003462698380903, -0.2609404897018564, 0.05027093441348593, 0.08114701033271146]
710.3602
Multichannel chiral approach for kaonic hydrogen
We present an exact solution to the $K^{-}$-proton bound state problem formulated in the momentum space. The 1s level characteristics of the kaonic hydrogen are described together with the available low energy $\bar{K}N$ data.
nucl-th
we present an exact solution to the kproton bound state problem formulated in the momentum space the 1s level characteristics of the kaonic hydrogen are described together with the available low energy barkn data
[['we', 'present', 'an', 'exact', 'solution', 'to', 'the', 'kproton', 'bound', 'state', 'problem', 'formulated', 'in', 'the', 'momentum', 'space', 'the', '1s', 'level', 'characteristics', 'of', 'the', 'kaonic', 'hydrogen', 'are', 'described', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'available', 'low', 'energy', 'barkn', 'data']]
[-0.12546024816658566, 0.11574872343857458, -0.03803179729455972, 0.12632804670754602, -0.019087611622286633, -0.10777257169213365, 0.08426477367688409, 0.3291301190414849, -0.2427892858052955, -0.3308450081659591, 0.025930440926458687, -0.3298376807121231, 0.011511417078402112, 0.09647340308327008, 0.03259829056504018, 0.10015534587642726, 0.10127738730379325, 0.09141045860836611, -0.04248904562829172, -0.20803810404065778, 0.32842929376398816, 0.12048603221774101, 0.25502765973043795, 0.096638647839427, 0.06896466304726132, 0.004558724536122207, 0.026999263366793886, -0.06710303036636427, -0.1643020078087883, 0.16116095125771074, 0.30317234335576787, 0.12934840010369525, 0.18271196740405524, -0.4497186129584032, -0.13917206095613757, 0.04792507978923181, 0.12825754913501441, 0.15840096103356166, -0.02146175196257365, -0.31899089366197586, 0.006432226420763661, -0.1638919708921629, -0.19876578009194312, -0.06388358763583443, -0.028877488830510306, -0.004675578545121586, -0.2100381058476427, 0.09018254877232454, -0.03596248726278324, -0.023621925618499517, -0.22865373516619644, -0.20199212114162304, -0.031716870363144314, 0.06680881400483057, 0.011403382769511902, 0.05105892177551355, 0.07470496126573861, -0.13687363143681602, -0.048641282763770395, 0.37667097619679923, -0.07537379323997918, -0.1907706061268554, 0.1122590825509499, -0.11013349718140329, -0.12756823256666608, 0.18618225404883132, 0.11262124450877309, 0.08222634268595892, -0.14190755105193922, 0.1289831378220269, -0.03856428159291253, 0.21687012050739107, 0.019544216215281802, 0.10735353974022847, 0.11013652711613652, 0.16301370357327602, 0.028361367527395487, 0.13735687582041411, -0.07916644371717292, -0.10033844923600554, -0.29210333997274146, -0.09142643258982229, -0.20395425235962167, 0.020389667876503047, -0.030993916888666505, -0.1244290119913571, 0.340189328923931, 0.03683006025248153, 0.2593154880519518, 0.018689946024952567, 0.3250654442783664, 0.22020301940467427, -0.03428695316645591, 0.10301852198865484, 0.24481714277199523, 0.13384322821409167, 0.10883382073713138, -0.27319476512425084, 0.0331240401685457, 0.07948633839431055]
710.3603
On a Clique-Based Integer Programming Formulation of Vertex Colouring with Applications in Course Timetabling
Vertex colouring is a well-known problem in combinatorial optimisation, whose alternative integer programming formulations have recently attracted considerable attention. This paper briefly surveys seven known formulations of vertex colouring and introduces a formulation of vertex colouring using a suitable clique partition of the graph. This formulation is applicable in timetabling applications, where such a clique partition of the conflict graph is given implicitly. In contrast with some alternatives, the presented formulation can also be easily extended to accommodate complex performance indicators (``soft constraints'') imposed in a number of real-life course timetabling applications. Its performance depends on the quality of the clique partition, but encouraging empirical results for the Udine Course Timetabling problem are reported.
cs.DM cs.DS math.CO
vertex colouring is a wellknown problem in combinatorial optimisation whose alternative integer programming formulations have recently attracted considerable attention this paper briefly surveys seven known formulations of vertex colouring and introduces a formulation of vertex colouring using a suitable clique partition of the graph this formulation is applicable in timetabling applications where such a clique partition of the conflict graph is given implicitly in contrast with some alternatives the presented formulation can also be easily extended to accommodate complex performance indicators soft constraints imposed in a number of reallife course timetabling applications its performance depends on the quality of the clique partition but encouraging empirical results for the udine course timetabling problem are reported
[['vertex', 'colouring', 'is', 'a', 'wellknown', 'problem', 'in', 'combinatorial', 'optimisation', 'whose', 'alternative', 'integer', 'programming', 'formulations', 'have', 'recently', 'attracted', 'considerable', 'attention', 'this', 'paper', 'briefly', 'surveys', 'seven', 'known', 'formulations', 'of', 'vertex', 'colouring', 'and', 'introduces', 'a', 'formulation', 'of', 'vertex', 'colouring', 'using', 'a', 'suitable', 'clique', 'partition', 'of', 'the', 'graph', 'this', 'formulation', 'is', 'applicable', 'in', 'timetabling', 'applications', 'where', 'such', 'a', 'clique', 'partition', 'of', 'the', 'conflict', 'graph', 'is', 'given', 'implicitly', 'in', 'contrast', 'with', 'some', 'alternatives', 'the', 'presented', 'formulation', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'easily', 'extended', 'to', 'accommodate', 'complex', 'performance', 'indicators', 'soft', 'constraints', 'imposed', 'in', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'reallife', 'course', 'timetabling', 'applications', 'its', 'performance', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'clique', 'partition', 'but', 'encouraging', 'empirical', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'udine', 'course', 'timetabling', 'problem', 'are', 'reported']]
[-0.10923448537696938, 0.021777313153602575, -0.06465902195001642, 0.051716261728168386, -0.20273233946870295, -0.16876796098720087, 0.03508434183446266, 0.37237271709008174, -0.26657218761382656, -0.35665001025782866, 0.13587068394643434, -0.25463808478232014, -0.2104508077517446, 0.13077307120782503, -0.17193281139949695, 0.08674636002162292, 0.1403724639921596, 0.04660559430301778, -0.02126974289007066, -0.3080478941009731, 0.2494646138286937, -0.011048873559686175, 0.255419000135653, 0.10418724944292192, 0.07862524098406236, 0.022423643210347285, -0.04164976714456683, 0.13559648546537287, -0.1342804134627314, 0.10794897817622609, 0.33077767807295905, 0.20787989814242905, 0.3184692953272085, -0.4055434237887854, -0.18763316509297542, 0.14783665711946556, 0.11160773182238795, 0.04863248636390556, -0.05639052291078035, -0.21180166929077945, 0.040496690456118235, -0.17488705739174693, -0.0675540545571334, 0.006222036540540948, 0.05358856773052953, -0.0041742767452409395, -0.2783264407169139, -0.009917603726263909, 0.020498563952666398, 0.03501493686385322, 0.0059309696897112745, -0.22659168795175982, 0.03892112535571581, 0.04424385937224878, 0.008667217250995077, 0.0680988618078756, 0.07485417597682069, -0.15579268864454016, -0.20984646742509908, 0.4319473928771913, 0.060551531294262724, -0.21703762007803706, 0.1576566358399169, -0.027564603228759216, -0.24475109178916013, 0.0968072010008128, 0.1539070933093235, 0.14303287777134724, -0.14694613876054063, 0.1489378503894458, -0.09543734076514579, 0.10627235082925804, 0.08202581421733555, 0.036750606522617635, 0.16257699623524227, 0.19818625868739267, 0.1125661967702112, 0.21499702769940263, 0.03476637782602522, -0.11682920567201156, -0.2637603355177449, -0.08919387585136287, -0.22573402565658876, 0.0027641752702102325, -0.12208546706250145, -0.18731402368856626, 0.4338815584615396, 0.14980465904482754, 0.12444848639138958, 0.08102715561133728, 0.279285949511911, 0.10540154003619887, 0.07024720003583322, 0.0742304662320142, 0.16057123625860345, 0.12376568468671553, 0.07620843111439363, -0.17798732649820873, 0.0875326536326228, 0.11652317775894373]
710.3604
On the existence of Lyapounov variables for Schroedinger evolution
The theory of (classical and) quantum mechanical microscopic irreversibility developed by B. Misra, I. Prigogine and M. Courbage (MPC) and various other contributors is based on the central notion of a Lyapounov variable - i.e., a dynamical variable whose value varies monotonically as time increases. Incompatibility between certain assumed properties of a Lyapounov variable and semiboundedness of the spectrum of the Hamiltonian generating the quantum dynamics led MPC to formulate their theory in Liouville space. In the present paper it is proved, in a constructive way, that a Lyapounov variable can be found within the standard Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics and, hence, the MPC assumptions are more restrictive than necessary for the construction of such a quantity. Moreover, as in the MPC theory, the existence of a Lyapounov variable implies the existence of a transformation mapping the original quantum mechanical problem to an equivalent irreversible representation. In addition, it is proved that in the irreversible representation there exists a natural time observable splitting the Hilbert space at each t>0 into past and future subspaces.
math-ph math.MP
the theory of classical and quantum mechanical microscopic irreversibility developed by b misra i prigogine and m courbage mpc and various other contributors is based on the central notion of a lyapounov variable ie a dynamical variable whose value varies monotonically as time increases incompatibility between certain assumed properties of a lyapounov variable and semiboundedness of the spectrum of the hamiltonian generating the quantum dynamics led mpc to formulate their theory in liouville space in the present paper it is proved in a constructive way that a lyapounov variable can be found within the standard hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics and hence the mpc assumptions are more restrictive than necessary for the construction of such a quantity moreover as in the mpc theory the existence of a lyapounov variable implies the existence of a transformation mapping the original quantum mechanical problem to an equivalent irreversible representation in addition it is proved that in the irreversible representation there exists a natural time observable splitting the hilbert space at each t0 into past and future subspaces
[['the', 'theory', 'of', 'classical', 'and', 'quantum', 'mechanical', 'microscopic', 'irreversibility', 'developed', 'by', 'b', 'misra', 'i', 'prigogine', 'and', 'm', 'courbage', 'mpc', 'and', 'various', 'other', 'contributors', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'central', 'notion', 'of', 'a', 'lyapounov', 'variable', 'ie', 'a', 'dynamical', 'variable', 'whose', 'value', 'varies', 'monotonically', 'as', 'time', 'increases', 'incompatibility', 'between', 'certain', 'assumed', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'lyapounov', 'variable', 'and', 'semiboundedness', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'generating', 'the', 'quantum', 'dynamics', 'led', 'mpc', 'to', 'formulate', 'their', 'theory', 'in', 'liouville', 'space', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'it', 'is', 'proved', 'in', 'a', 'constructive', 'way', 'that', 'a', 'lyapounov', 'variable', 'can', 'be', 'found', 'within', 'the', 'standard', 'hilbert', 'space', 'formulation', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'hence', 'the', 'mpc', 'assumptions', 'are', 'more', 'restrictive', 'than', 'necessary', 'for', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'quantity', 'moreover', 'as', 'in', 'the', 'mpc', 'theory', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'lyapounov', 'variable', 'implies', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'transformation', 'mapping', 'the', 'original', 'quantum', 'mechanical', 'problem', 'to', 'an', 'equivalent', 'irreversible', 'representation', 'in', 'addition', 'it', 'is', 'proved', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'irreversible', 'representation', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'natural', 'time', 'observable', 'splitting', 'the', 'hilbert', 'space', 'at', 'each', 't0', 'into', 'past', 'and', 'future', 'subspaces']]
[-0.12778306485290222, 0.13258465558590551, -0.13071441459041303, 0.0734015616431736, -0.060522673274229825, -0.1363970929784861, 0.042684893580769115, 0.29441368269423646, -0.3084983794425411, -0.24781370741561398, 0.09272261585266832, -0.23689188632107844, -0.14839470648774128, 0.17848598413388833, -0.0656117171285963, 0.06383080893709998, 0.006666199904973565, 0.06729192942669936, -0.07484293594988513, -0.21209560032069533, 0.3072882861985515, 0.03726084242125267, 0.24986259201969738, 0.002324498745602095, 0.13803574852123535, 0.02458904410348456, -0.018822731870365726, 0.035756250123002285, -0.13684721968306332, 0.10699508184347645, 0.24756778940162355, 0.1298615369389112, 0.3202088732839744, -0.37892581616266063, -0.22604931584119814, 0.12586106758179336, 0.10959010650323511, 0.06364174648562725, -0.0013769887406653296, -0.26616013537150346, 0.07037074103163309, -0.11952630789607935, -0.14324724728919982, -0.04489323336513306, 0.07875821838187504, -0.026933066006321674, -0.23953650830763168, 0.09305995304662926, 0.08133247699745765, 0.05233228242495793, -0.06809900482934525, -0.056693495647318064, -0.027097355876112592, 0.08530851798774354, 0.009294445857930201, 0.07493825176270442, 0.1344818059173038, -0.08113860079199718, -0.1124132064802722, 0.3873187395926008, -0.042879553952394185, -0.19921225767539835, 0.17921395796878348, -0.11613205346364486, -0.1468097588414361, 0.08185266024411667, 0.10689945698544469, 0.1165622965025919, -0.14924307536011316, 0.13572554939075898, -0.05213598681121379, 0.17152940403220468, 0.04534611732554462, 0.0884126611856808, 0.1574423450136279, 0.12574195415791842, 0.11936981149884904, 0.11284758440645722, -0.024791913052175152, -0.15321080767196313, -0.35337956832058126, -0.18478567865238948, -0.18680531953343715, 0.10654774877836863, -0.11601912576772792, -0.16046102957039987, 0.35897653956426545, 0.13358250630573884, 0.1821006135319242, 0.07144944847764811, 0.21332413212586215, 0.14455598521437069, 0.03964843945283357, 0.0635616118917991, 0.23060776903989844, 0.17253041550939924, 0.07182866277108932, -0.20903486626533171, 0.055062599201825844, 0.09111148103985978]
710.3605
A Kolmogorov Extension Theorem for POVMs
We prove a theorem about positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs) that is an analog of the Kolmogorov extension theorem, a standard theorem of probability theory. According to our theorem, if a sequence of POVMs G_n on $\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfies the consistency (or projectivity) condition $G_{n+1}(A\times \mathbb{R}) = G_n(A)$ then there is a POVM G on the space $\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{N}$ of infinite sequences that has G_n as its marginal for the first n entries of the sequence. We also describe an application in quantum theory.
math-ph math.MP quant-ph
we prove a theorem about positiveoperatorvalued measures povms that is an analog of the kolmogorov extension theorem a standard theorem of probability theory according to our theorem if a sequence of povms g_n on mathbbrn satisfies the consistency or projectivity condition g_n1atimes mathbbr g_na then there is a povm g on the space mathbbrmathbbn of infinite sequences that has g_n as its marginal for the first n entries of the sequence we also describe an application in quantum theory
[['we', 'prove', 'a', 'theorem', 'about', 'positiveoperatorvalued', 'measures', 'povms', 'that', 'is', 'an', 'analog', 'of', 'the', 'kolmogorov', 'extension', 'theorem', 'a', 'standard', 'theorem', 'of', 'probability', 'theory', 'according', 'to', 'our', 'theorem', 'if', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'povms', 'g_n', 'on', 'mathbbrn', 'satisfies', 'the', 'consistency', 'or', 'projectivity', 'condition', 'g_n1atimes', 'mathbbr', 'g_na', 'then', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'povm', 'g', 'on', 'the', 'space', 'mathbbrmathbbn', 'of', 'infinite', 'sequences', 'that', 'has', 'g_n', 'as', 'its', 'marginal', 'for', 'the', 'first', 'n', 'entries', 'of', 'the', 'sequence', 'we', 'also', 'describe', 'an', 'application', 'in', 'quantum', 'theory']]
[-0.13192134036515385, 0.10447017165857594, -0.1488622824112192, 0.0886315218775939, -0.021882812779110212, -0.11765753297517315, 0.0664282174518284, 0.32430986394413197, -0.27058939535457355, -0.17006081631645942, 0.10831656058778605, -0.3016023171038773, -0.1485124067701877, 0.18448244302402225, -0.16021884207386905, 0.04004846566628354, 0.06344813055908069, 0.15768153168774474, -0.06440892660369475, -0.2519112980793206, 0.34216047596568483, -0.04484115885600495, 0.23049870607717773, 0.035981371706256114, 0.14843484584409267, 0.03644939267840714, 0.0101434029004453, -0.024369388482647573, -0.17565139439289057, 0.08623297246268545, 0.23937206858625779, 0.19077688758560002, 0.3029254017732082, -0.3277686132141986, -0.14130319223607865, 0.21460859416625822, 0.06745141515066513, 0.01626377531255667, -0.007709989551072702, -0.3019488278943568, 0.153919406581479, -0.1499434131382702, -0.1521786380535326, -0.049750426246856265, 0.06368563854350494, -0.022643940654607154, -0.330317195958625, 0.04287427835403763, 0.19601886266938004, 0.047938363889280036, -0.031672644281150915, -0.0772967535811357, -0.009082786604547156, 0.0887048905625796, -0.0034185043052555276, 0.0644863346973673, 0.0823390826356048, -0.021847912779030126, -0.17368029180364922, 0.3208786697150805, -0.08894525789536345, -0.25955400386681926, 0.0696451088700157, -0.15451525753507248, -0.20090339459980336, 0.04204014734699367, 0.06947780726477504, 0.14536563606144717, -0.07788383011491253, 0.21452814849236837, -0.16332202793982548, 0.16350880204192483, 0.11554651705172056, 0.08519450300492537, 0.14075091508969378, 0.088494324659666, 0.1788796561722381, 0.12756140673389801, 0.014098624681653932, -0.04688372873426534, -0.3943099943109048, -0.19924569058303648, -0.2690690916049509, 0.16107506503183872, -0.15227233151045555, -0.2108532651924552, 0.3205809925073901, 0.11382159251624192, 0.1276153100009721, 0.1493793912948324, 0.23274645080360082, 0.13859046780122206, -0.019361657006904866, 0.03298699879087508, 0.09261366798996161, 0.26989989354012484, 0.001662368265291055, -0.10298550121175747, 0.028056615103895847, 0.17962974776776555]
710.3606
Distributional Limits for the Symmetric Exclusion Process
Strong negative dependence properties have recently been proved for the symmetric exclusion process. In this paper, we apply these results to prove convergence to the Poisson and normal distributions for various functionals of the process.
math.PR math-ph math.MP
strong negative dependence properties have recently been proved for the symmetric exclusion process in this paper we apply these results to prove convergence to the poisson and normal distributions for various functionals of the process
[['strong', 'negative', 'dependence', 'properties', 'have', 'recently', 'been', 'proved', 'for', 'the', 'symmetric', 'exclusion', 'process', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'apply', 'these', 'results', 'to', 'prove', 'convergence', 'to', 'the', 'poisson', 'and', 'normal', 'distributions', 'for', 'various', 'functionals', 'of', 'the', 'process']]
[-0.0233650322205254, 0.059616901286478556, -0.14816538582422903, 0.11187934042671778, -0.06502219348081521, -0.07290506844541857, 0.013415843597613275, 0.41279531794467145, -0.2854542433151177, -0.25266835520576153, 0.08904153085646353, -0.2520389787054488, -0.16387678155941623, 0.18225193369601453, -0.053068164150629725, 0.10929359369246024, 0.01723384867821421, -0.0006671010383537837, -0.08105146358055727, -0.2926956091275705, 0.3626656559961183, 0.03509921239955085, 0.3573507009872368, 0.11685341987758875, 0.10282487526003803, -0.007348834337400538, -0.03461172309304986, 0.005389046296477318, -0.17593511483116475, 0.09077861955655472, 0.20042896882431316, 0.04086511022012149, 0.26791516040850966, -0.3853101408907345, -0.21808522383549384, 0.17155388758650847, 0.13067593786732426, 0.09126845446548291, -0.108967528179554, -0.2939992005271571, 0.17219096145459584, -0.17418150237894484, -0.1403318442637101, -0.11996135647807803, 0.05283573738166264, 0.11093879203711238, -0.3103559467409338, 0.08515777492097446, 0.1643976745594825, 0.022959812863596846, -0.049771995609626175, -0.15319361894258432, 0.02094603364156293, 0.09595004133880139, 0.08805759612836742, -0.0867518865769463, 0.054264779098697806, -0.07044274412494685, -0.14503436179033347, 0.29140200577676295, -0.0647309023886919, -0.24315173695130007, 0.20957040605800492, -0.1930411550349423, -0.22795095220208167, 0.09020650336252792, 0.2108741623748626, 0.1326207954968725, -0.2130841510769512, 0.1259653901132489, -0.020135323171104703, 0.00217997310350516, 0.07876817331250224, 0.009494527961526599, 0.11201619782618114, 0.10546656256275518, 0.10674670435089086, 0.17136185108684004, -0.07076887429824898, -0.14699970808412346, -0.2738716959953308, -0.16848057311560427, -0.13550641313195227, 0.045558613658483536, -0.06291523614324562, -0.1820988321410758, 0.32468439967238477, 0.14926851512199002, 0.22157805604594094, 0.09540552254766226, 0.19207775379930223, 0.1947584907923426, -0.013320165712918554, 0.027093172179801124, 0.23545318325715406, 0.21690769786281244, 0.085044917304601, -0.13170597859259162, 0.12786672398714083, 0.029812680025185858]
710.3607
Vector bundles on contractible smooth schemes
We discuss algebraic vector bundles on smooth k-schemes X contractible from the standpoint of A^1-homotopy theory; when k = C, the smooth manifolds X(C) are contractible as topological spaces. The integral algebraic K-theory and integral motivic cohomology of such schemes are that of Spec k. One might hope that furthermore, and in analogy with the classification of topological vector bundles on manifolds, algebraic vector bundles on such schemes are all isomorphic to trivial bundles; this is almost certainly true when the scheme is affine. However, in the non-affine case this is false: we show that (essentially) every smooth A^1-contractible strictly quasi-affine scheme that admits a U-torsor whose total space is affine, for U a unipotent group, possesses a non-trivial vector bundle. Indeed we produce explicit arbitrary dimensional families of non-isomorphic such schemes, with each scheme in the family equipped with "as many" (i.e., arbitrary dimensional moduli of) non-isomorphic vector bundles, of every sufficiently large rank n, as one desires; neither the schemes nor the vector bundles on them are distinguishable by algebraic K-theory. We also discuss the triviality of vector bundles for certain smooth complex affine varieties whose underlying complex manifolds are contractible, but that are not necessarily A^1-contractible.
math.AG math.KT
we discuss algebraic vector bundles on smooth kschemes x contractible from the standpoint of a1homotopy theory when k c the smooth manifolds xc are contractible as topological spaces the integral algebraic ktheory and integral motivic cohomology of such schemes are that of spec k one might hope that furthermore and in analogy with the classification of topological vector bundles on manifolds algebraic vector bundles on such schemes are all isomorphic to trivial bundles this is almost certainly true when the scheme is affine however in the nonaffine case this is false we show that essentially every smooth a1contractible strictly quasiaffine scheme that admits a utorsor whose total space is affine for u a unipotent group possesses a nontrivial vector bundle indeed we produce explicit arbitrary dimensional families of nonisomorphic such schemes with each scheme in the family equipped with as many ie arbitrary dimensional moduli of nonisomorphic vector bundles of every sufficiently large rank n as one desires neither the schemes nor the vector bundles on them are distinguishable by algebraic ktheory we also discuss the triviality of vector bundles for certain smooth complex affine varieties whose underlying complex manifolds are contractible but that are not necessarily a1contractible
[['we', 'discuss', 'algebraic', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'smooth', 'kschemes', 'x', 'contractible', 'from', 'the', 'standpoint', 'of', 'a1homotopy', 'theory', 'when', 'k', 'c', 'the', 'smooth', 'manifolds', 'xc', 'are', 'contractible', 'as', 'topological', 'spaces', 'the', 'integral', 'algebraic', 'ktheory', 'and', 'integral', 'motivic', 'cohomology', 'of', 'such', 'schemes', 'are', 'that', 'of', 'spec', 'k', 'one', 'might', 'hope', 'that', 'furthermore', 'and', 'in', 'analogy', 'with', 'the', 'classification', 'of', 'topological', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'manifolds', 'algebraic', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'such', 'schemes', 'are', 'all', 'isomorphic', 'to', 'trivial', 'bundles', 'this', 'is', 'almost', 'certainly', 'true', 'when', 'the', 'scheme', 'is', 'affine', 'however', 'in', 'the', 'nonaffine', 'case', 'this', 'is', 'false', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'essentially', 'every', 'smooth', 'a1contractible', 'strictly', 'quasiaffine', 'scheme', 'that', 'admits', 'a', 'utorsor', 'whose', 'total', 'space', 'is', 'affine', 'for', 'u', 'a', 'unipotent', 'group', 'possesses', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'vector', 'bundle', 'indeed', 'we', 'produce', 'explicit', 'arbitrary', 'dimensional', 'families', 'of', 'nonisomorphic', 'such', 'schemes', 'with', 'each', 'scheme', 'in', 'the', 'family', 'equipped', 'with', 'as', 'many', 'ie', 'arbitrary', 'dimensional', 'moduli', 'of', 'nonisomorphic', 'vector', 'bundles', 'of', 'every', 'sufficiently', 'large', 'rank', 'n', 'as', 'one', 'desires', 'neither', 'the', 'schemes', 'nor', 'the', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'them', 'are', 'distinguishable', 'by', 'algebraic', 'ktheory', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'the', 'triviality', 'of', 'vector', 'bundles', 'for', 'certain', 'smooth', 'complex', 'affine', 'varieties', 'whose', 'underlying', 'complex', 'manifolds', 'are', 'contractible', 'but', 'that', 'are', 'not', 'necessarily', 'a1contractible']]
[-0.244866586239479, 0.10674040549851925, -0.05834081928307181, 0.07220561901694826, -0.11386488873138079, -0.2248251593605554, -0.026034046687199948, 0.41686816213813227, -0.3237552919997101, -0.146267012891544, 0.12193200552214391, -0.22667642780000505, -0.19323207649667062, 0.21729685654060035, -0.15643939577683635, -0.01154373165132563, 0.038623361322948434, 0.1406647365370075, -0.09828871305734108, -0.33680824954405447, 0.48605822450552266, -0.09957547030804045, 0.25111273905442, 0.03453610338705597, 0.14437482640062113, 0.008892438316547553, 0.007458218896931728, 0.01369613443538523, -0.09646434005357113, 0.1382349901206243, 0.3658232687958303, 0.052646501708378646, 0.18533647125693237, -0.35134322472421337, -0.18172583228856476, 0.2515874195673744, 0.1245090460480394, 0.01982844458788936, 0.01742503286024962, -0.24427091306061272, 0.1398354180412471, -0.12287926793968315, -0.1450254946656355, -0.15256338950180387, 0.06050469257545582, 0.0323719772017386, -0.2081201241840963, -0.049584321929573266, 0.0869329219931018, 0.11458228213646388, -0.1111173729180609, -0.08605839458157115, -0.1360734296362223, 0.03775190985152914, -0.0069411925139463496, 0.07810741329924936, 0.09977141854431253, -0.06197499854321448, -0.14510027393651417, 0.38285250356273137, -0.0469572803804528, -0.27660367008166264, 0.14514228509772134, -0.11501867338769176, -0.15512338245398635, 0.20436472743968637, 0.090329250193149, 0.1790392424482533, 0.05699137257111287, 0.19792964878588973, -0.13147241229115783, 0.0780133886557063, 0.04316345625497911, 0.03247638538404165, 0.12820136187087536, 0.045447134393915005, 0.10622767276493454, 0.048378782973241836, 0.03140517336604195, -0.08490144728350826, -0.3787664469842076, -0.2119850341258996, -0.08940444853059891, 0.1899670931391848, -0.12124707775475897, -0.2065143698748428, 0.34962987793013905, 0.01348539944773606, 0.22051055574562722, 0.12912895920955894, 0.27646637238741756, 0.018609687362721918, 0.052199622492074285, 0.07933589793283133, 0.14073514894861255, 0.2159606784352853, -0.05985065056412921, -0.07864610832728218, -0.02795419625528417, 0.2013010886086501]
710.3608
Embedding Bratteli-Vershik systems in cellular automata
Many dynamical systems can be naturally represented as `Bratteli-Vershik' (or `adic') systems, which provide an appealing combinatorial description of their dynamics. If an adic system X satisfies two technical conditions (`focus' and `bounded width') then we show how to represent X using a two-dimensional subshift of finite type Y; each `row' in a Y-admissible configuration corresponds to an infinite path in the Bratteli diagram of X, and the vertical shift on Y corresponds to the `successor' map of X. Any Y-admissible configuration can then be recoded as the spacetime diagram of a one-dimensional cellular automaton F; in this way X is `embedded' in F (i.e. X is conjugate to a subsystem of F). With this technique, we can embed many odometers, Toeplitz systems, and constant-length substitution systems in one-dimensional cellular automata.
math.DS
many dynamical systems can be naturally represented as brattelivershik or adic systems which provide an appealing combinatorial description of their dynamics if an adic system x satisfies two technical conditions focus and bounded width then we show how to represent x using a twodimensional subshift of finite type y each row in a yadmissible configuration corresponds to an infinite path in the bratteli diagram of x and the vertical shift on y corresponds to the successor map of x any yadmissible configuration can then be recoded as the spacetime diagram of a onedimensional cellular automaton f in this way x is embedded in f ie x is conjugate to a subsystem of f with this technique we can embed many odometers toeplitz systems and constantlength substitution systems in onedimensional cellular automata
[['many', 'dynamical', 'systems', 'can', 'be', 'naturally', 'represented', 'as', 'brattelivershik', 'or', 'adic', 'systems', 'which', 'provide', 'an', 'appealing', 'combinatorial', 'description', 'of', 'their', 'dynamics', 'if', 'an', 'adic', 'system', 'x', 'satisfies', 'two', 'technical', 'conditions', 'focus', 'and', 'bounded', 'width', 'then', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'represent', 'x', 'using', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'subshift', 'of', 'finite', 'type', 'y', 'each', 'row', 'in', 'a', 'yadmissible', 'configuration', 'corresponds', 'to', 'an', 'infinite', 'path', 'in', 'the', 'bratteli', 'diagram', 'of', 'x', 'and', 'the', 'vertical', 'shift', 'on', 'y', 'corresponds', 'to', 'the', 'successor', 'map', 'of', 'x', 'any', 'yadmissible', 'configuration', 'can', 'then', 'be', 'recoded', 'as', 'the', 'spacetime', 'diagram', 'of', 'a', 'onedimensional', 'cellular', 'automaton', 'f', 'in', 'this', 'way', 'x', 'is', 'embedded', 'in', 'f', 'ie', 'x', 'is', 'conjugate', 'to', 'a', 'subsystem', 'of', 'f', 'with', 'this', 'technique', 'we', 'can', 'embed', 'many', 'odometers', 'toeplitz', 'systems', 'and', 'constantlength', 'substitution', 'systems', 'in', 'onedimensional', 'cellular', 'automata']]
[-0.18378085823744975, 0.1407073148296805, -0.07495190570304214, 0.038100968410131025, -0.03254751058100441, -0.17826387820162543, 0.05910733618318688, 0.3985674713211235, -0.37013912986054326, -0.1744983827897398, 0.07909652477314393, -0.2547490169662376, -0.1471016721875775, 0.16818392877611368, -0.13149309773341022, -0.003560122424671643, 0.026145017103024925, 0.10744311334226865, -0.11675012923948343, -0.23966499915628067, 0.32901014272816653, -0.05744033448159868, 0.2171283953989199, -0.03398590159869587, 0.11473509875061207, 0.020329922814889587, 0.04821998758111582, 0.048363088788970034, -0.12559008417658277, 0.08084635032781277, 0.26773280064690885, 0.12507655093078177, 0.21310150484164614, -0.36652404338467953, -0.20217424430595637, 0.1915812785340141, 0.16880725034649752, 0.02561699735386976, -0.002651231797491453, -0.26686804712742795, 0.10044162348273766, -0.18251034636194854, -0.14089907798916101, -0.06489998868904835, 0.06374788529766623, 0.049246114776144885, -0.26843033814369593, -0.044745879991398764, 0.14109110588080595, 0.0769475371425235, -0.020243947140154133, -0.06942212830979896, -0.10167500664039637, 0.11191535443464626, -0.07659369124850446, 0.09508225215642258, 0.10672770641643063, -0.028484925069997825, -0.11270171726959967, 0.39375681815625624, -0.06864623797700069, -0.25498539516557905, 0.18214821797802813, -0.1442215156293828, -0.1559896995060781, 0.14466393244445555, 0.12814087188232315, 0.11065285618943993, -0.13798224405464968, 0.20162190937179017, -0.09826197226842244, 0.190864404847091, 0.037470896186870196, 0.04713476455026819, 0.19621872920670425, 0.17004911825349628, 0.1122373025422165, 0.1625377201933645, -0.003721518974476891, -0.050333747568056565, -0.2929331109996221, -0.1891594181855231, -0.13012379184437467, 0.11446388903644311, -0.06497017950753144, -0.2210684036186268, 0.31769683942660804, 0.09757923629755776, 0.2099315122188639, 0.01879470135796411, 0.20859591948417153, 0.1253616430258826, -0.002910530950888529, 0.02191080218054672, 0.03184118240263111, 0.17030291981244272, 0.041369852530517316, -0.15749285698240234, 0.027729184191688433, 0.1788305171350037]
710.3609
CARS polarized microscopy of three-dimensional director structures in liquid crystals
We demonstrate three-dimensional vibrational imaging of director structures in liquid crystals using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) polarized microscopy. Spatial mapping of the structures is based on sensitivity of a polarized CARS signal to orientation of anisotropic molecules in liquid crystals. As an example, we study structures in a smectic material and demonstrate that single-scan CARS and two-photon fluorescence images of molecular orientation patterns are consistent with each other and with the structure model.
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.mtrl-sci physics.bio-ph physics.chem-ph physics.optics
we demonstrate threedimensional vibrational imaging of director structures in liquid crystals using coherent antistokes raman scattering cars polarized microscopy spatial mapping of the structures is based on sensitivity of a polarized cars signal to orientation of anisotropic molecules in liquid crystals as an example we study structures in a smectic material and demonstrate that singlescan cars and twophoton fluorescence images of molecular orientation patterns are consistent with each other and with the structure model
[['we', 'demonstrate', 'threedimensional', 'vibrational', 'imaging', 'of', 'director', 'structures', 'in', 'liquid', 'crystals', 'using', 'coherent', 'antistokes', 'raman', 'scattering', 'cars', 'polarized', 'microscopy', 'spatial', 'mapping', 'of', 'the', 'structures', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'sensitivity', 'of', 'a', 'polarized', 'cars', 'signal', 'to', 'orientation', 'of', 'anisotropic', 'molecules', 'in', 'liquid', 'crystals', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'we', 'study', 'structures', 'in', 'a', 'smectic', 'material', 'and', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'singlescan', 'cars', 'and', 'twophoton', 'fluorescence', 'images', 'of', 'molecular', 'orientation', 'patterns', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'each', 'other', 'and', 'with', 'the', 'structure', 'model']]
[-0.10615851977726797, 0.1765732958024396, -0.09612876889799293, -0.03066446099625397, -0.02416284435202141, -0.11274969071854611, 0.007097485210161304, 0.5362329462895522, -0.2986810564793445, -0.23118416184081217, 0.019421369157498702, -0.3277871397235808, -0.1696636734744282, 0.1915471450318708, 0.037848865809988835, 0.05187520316591159, 0.007094037398142186, -0.07944008044118213, 0.0013089477292236847, -0.09827366012865929, 0.2683294218511799, 0.017113267991540802, 0.3614515177653851, 0.03882760733894601, 0.12997790705727263, 0.057575643628936364, 0.01813626884973633, 0.0025140343712189714, -0.09674686144117496, 0.13725066953338683, 0.2783839785890352, -0.023940629195233154, 0.12317534498681591, -0.48186902211022536, -0.2218680803764712, 0.005650042644324335, 0.12101991339374296, 0.15651261894271482, -0.05736253161858012, -0.32233988763009375, -0.003364689622980517, -0.07022877695114427, -0.1325317040161305, -0.11416163892686568, -0.031988111669134754, 0.0818143625628845, -0.22193978510787585, 0.07319882955100085, -0.009696528321836848, 0.15616501256905346, -0.132479909304026, -0.029867240278100646, -0.07030083813918503, 0.06145693114455286, -0.013472389377892722, -0.0005430885861199853, 0.2167688837476276, -0.21317428790309742, -0.16408589187808134, 0.4280945369218652, -0.08782961379069634, -0.1260845569415471, 0.18530124413617258, -0.21591221654435266, -0.08124542481114937, 0.2246673612578495, 0.1738639182688014, 0.15916553122066968, -0.07718111325536754, -0.042594699720015144, -0.10189643750129256, 0.26837432860220606, 0.12091173432968758, 0.06564189821506876, 0.21046858589240425, 0.2231102758464781, 0.02920359298838554, 0.15161455079135988, -0.2320157663449897, 0.0049932382094698986, -0.17287064401583896, -0.2081143626616009, -0.17085290973301273, 0.004786110986527559, -0.05415150042992192, -0.13948621376845483, 0.35863192872823896, 0.10207849368453026, 0.18430468855375373, -0.0836017739241691, 0.32104561100336343, 0.005632728840086005, 0.040692028488863156, -0.06408574663706727, 0.22536772601558147, 0.16743817006716052, 0.06313794248460515, -0.2543895833156499, 0.023225398425868637, -0.02401188052435582]
710.361
Effects of a tungsten addition on the morphological evolution, spatial correlations, and temporal evolution of a model Ni-Al-Cr superalloy
The effect of adding 2 at.% W to a model Ni-Al-Cr superalloy on the morphological evolution, spatial correlations and temporal evolution of g'(L12)-precipitates at 1073 K is studied with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Adding W yields a larger microhardness, earlier onset of spheroidal-to-cuboidal precipitate morphological transition, larger volume fraction (from ~20 to 30%), reduction in coarsening kinetics by one third and a larger number density (Nv) of smaller mean radii (<R>) precipitates. The kinetics of <R> and interfacial area per unit volume obey t1/3 and t-1/3 relationships, respectively, which is consistent with coarsening driven by interfacial energy reduction. The Nv power law dependencies deviate, however, from model predictions indicating that a stationary-state is not achieved. Quantitative analyses with precipitate size distributions, pair correlation functions, and edge-to-edge interprecipitate distance distributions gives insight into 2D microstructural evolution, including the elastically driven transition from a uniform g'-distribution to one-dimensional <001>-strings to eventually clustered packs of g'-precipitates in the less densely packed Ni-Al-Cr alloy.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
the effect of adding 2 at w to a model nialcr superalloy on the morphological evolution spatial correlations and temporal evolution of gl12precipitates at 1073 k is studied with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy adding w yields a larger microhardness earlier onset of spheroidaltocuboidal precipitate morphological transition larger volume fraction from 20 to 30 reduction in coarsening kinetics by one third and a larger number density nv of smaller mean radii r precipitates the kinetics of r and interfacial area per unit volume obey t13 and t13 relationships respectively which is consistent with coarsening driven by interfacial energy reduction the nv power law dependencies deviate however from model predictions indicating that a stationarystate is not achieved quantitative analyses with precipitate size distributions pair correlation functions and edgetoedge interprecipitate distance distributions gives insight into 2d microstructural evolution including the elastically driven transition from a uniform gdistribution to onedimensional 001strings to eventually clustered packs of gprecipitates in the less densely packed nialcr alloy
[['the', 'effect', 'of', 'adding', '2', 'at', 'w', 'to', 'a', 'model', 'nialcr', 'superalloy', 'on', 'the', 'morphological', 'evolution', 'spatial', 'correlations', 'and', 'temporal', 'evolution', 'of', 'gl12precipitates', 'at', '1073', 'k', 'is', 'studied', 'with', 'scanning', 'electron', 'microscopy', 'and', 'atomic', 'force', 'microscopy', 'adding', 'w', 'yields', 'a', 'larger', 'microhardness', 'earlier', 'onset', 'of', 'spheroidaltocuboidal', 'precipitate', 'morphological', 'transition', 'larger', 'volume', 'fraction', 'from', '20', 'to', '30', 'reduction', 'in', 'coarsening', 'kinetics', 'by', 'one', 'third', 'and', 'a', 'larger', 'number', 'density', 'nv', 'of', 'smaller', 'mean', 'radii', 'r', 'precipitates', 'the', 'kinetics', 'of', 'r', 'and', 'interfacial', 'area', 'per', 'unit', 'volume', 'obey', 't13', 'and', 't13', 'relationships', 'respectively', 'which', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'coarsening', 'driven', 'by', 'interfacial', 'energy', 'reduction', 'the', 'nv', 'power', 'law', 'dependencies', 'deviate', 'however', 'from', 'model', 'predictions', 'indicating', 'that', 'a', 'stationarystate', 'is', 'not', 'achieved', 'quantitative', 'analyses', 'with', 'precipitate', 'size', 'distributions', 'pair', 'correlation', 'functions', 'and', 'edgetoedge', 'interprecipitate', 'distance', 'distributions', 'gives', 'insight', 'into', '2d', 'microstructural', 'evolution', 'including', 'the', 'elastically', 'driven', 'transition', 'from', 'a', 'uniform', 'gdistribution', 'to', 'onedimensional', '001strings', 'to', 'eventually', 'clustered', 'packs', 'of', 'gprecipitates', 'in', 'the', 'less', 'densely', 'packed', 'nialcr', 'alloy']]
[-0.07274003308982803, 0.21360764457868078, -0.0825898610562898, 0.02210123473345541, 0.005029923688524809, -0.15248112655423868, 0.045660189485016205, 0.3683175985725262, -0.27561599396479625, -0.345345174316884, 0.0009615546023735824, -0.3582046060130382, -0.054225900302975416, 0.14175674598365545, 0.035808108860435776, 0.030531659795834016, 0.003890222195201577, -0.04750532593775111, -0.07432880359313761, -0.21237645045188494, 0.23815095632707176, 0.07107959894869381, 0.309672289647353, 0.040624425338300615, 0.05962727767809366, 0.009948438860308856, -0.01748862734828622, 0.09911949581538256, -0.19991421918945354, 0.08342247162885869, 0.17457209540178809, -0.009720353905905563, 0.2303094246173994, -0.4398969314180506, -0.22673370765495257, 0.04462580100143663, 0.16477725343317545, 0.05711656830121333, -0.03772625828013332, -0.20953633474597994, 0.08193886128421395, -0.14064532475701222, -0.10358427667942567, -0.0012774867481755044, 0.07448728241993544, 0.040023957033647604, -0.25237977315779203, 0.19135554573343447, 0.06768564875491369, 0.10030147116273068, -0.08145080935747291, -0.10690502841279316, -0.08172401951816984, 0.06821647952668942, -0.011743530732555648, 0.06673953349505049, 0.21817360795998517, -0.08973046719956283, -0.0324504062587855, 0.35880192268329364, -0.03851800182392486, -0.12043474697603439, 0.1679889275931204, -0.2151719705046465, -0.07606066809071657, 0.22292671881568354, 0.1276868121423878, 0.05086825762746463, -0.13251101899032408, 0.010033860000429483, 0.03553544900690516, 0.24849855848897745, 0.10577338621750151, 0.002015145497026447, 0.19807735952333763, 0.2160573115464873, 0.041686241240360036, 0.13258358455212332, -0.11060261713693109, -0.10497054961235382, -0.22237477037318362, -0.11375237710308284, -0.18007482693363458, 0.07804189863152435, -0.15860500102448546, -0.14859373208720428, 0.3214421334425704, 0.06613274418617575, 0.24071890419201317, 0.05301501569173967, 0.2118754824026464, 0.0612026786883899, 0.11564165223628664, 0.015982881286897913, 0.17149840575756314, 0.16101830545514345, 0.12407602012554446, -0.24185188208670858, 0.0948221562967564, 0.052073666594552405]
710.3611
Speeding up HMC with better integrators
We discuss how dynamical fermion computations may be made yet cheaper by using symplectic integrators that conserve energy much more accurately without decreasing the integration step size. We first explain why symplectic integrators exactly conserve a ``shadow'' Hamiltonian close to the desired one, and how this Hamiltonian may be computed in terms of Poisson brackets. We then discuss how classical mechanics may be implemented on Lie groups and derive the form of the Poisson brackets and force terms for some interesting integrators such as those making use of second derivatives of the action (Hessian or force gradient integrators). We hope that these will be seen to greatly improve energy conservation for only a small additional cost and that their use will significantly reduce the cost of dynamical fermion computations.
hep-lat
we discuss how dynamical fermion computations may be made yet cheaper by using symplectic integrators that conserve energy much more accurately without decreasing the integration step size we first explain why symplectic integrators exactly conserve a shadow hamiltonian close to the desired one and how this hamiltonian may be computed in terms of poisson brackets we then discuss how classical mechanics may be implemented on lie groups and derive the form of the poisson brackets and force terms for some interesting integrators such as those making use of second derivatives of the action hessian or force gradient integrators we hope that these will be seen to greatly improve energy conservation for only a small additional cost and that their use will significantly reduce the cost of dynamical fermion computations
[['we', 'discuss', 'how', 'dynamical', 'fermion', 'computations', 'may', 'be', 'made', 'yet', 'cheaper', 'by', 'using', 'symplectic', 'integrators', 'that', 'conserve', 'energy', 'much', 'more', 'accurately', 'without', 'decreasing', 'the', 'integration', 'step', 'size', 'we', 'first', 'explain', 'why', 'symplectic', 'integrators', 'exactly', 'conserve', 'a', 'shadow', 'hamiltonian', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'desired', 'one', 'and', 'how', 'this', 'hamiltonian', 'may', 'be', 'computed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'poisson', 'brackets', 'we', 'then', 'discuss', 'how', 'classical', 'mechanics', 'may', 'be', 'implemented', 'on', 'lie', 'groups', 'and', 'derive', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'the', 'poisson', 'brackets', 'and', 'force', 'terms', 'for', 'some', 'interesting', 'integrators', 'such', 'as', 'those', 'making', 'use', 'of', 'second', 'derivatives', 'of', 'the', 'action', 'hessian', 'or', 'force', 'gradient', 'integrators', 'we', 'hope', 'that', 'these', 'will', 'be', 'seen', 'to', 'greatly', 'improve', 'energy', 'conservation', 'for', 'only', 'a', 'small', 'additional', 'cost', 'and', 'that', 'their', 'use', 'will', 'significantly', 'reduce', 'the', 'cost', 'of', 'dynamical', 'fermion', 'computations']]
[-0.11858150627835863, 0.12406713739867763, -0.10455509496838317, 0.1244908822510868, -0.13623699575460466, -0.13750513340707493, 0.028973905333541623, 0.369913367464301, -0.3101198745858964, -0.3345408268316194, 0.09705945950492408, -0.19964575173347726, -0.18757148590047173, 0.18629159883762053, -0.09601731443698265, 0.03157261928341301, 0.10626996094685827, 0.04777296251696787, -0.14789509138497597, -0.282121901582681, 0.3092155774871191, 0.08506730678599587, 0.16412434957618283, 0.029371376569895434, 0.09829556115347055, -0.03808938670975527, 0.00457272734204235, 0.012088110699325569, -0.10226109545300453, 0.1103219564944549, 0.23062440417454283, 0.06094183555132775, 0.2437824936359832, -0.5019163999619872, -0.19999932027024817, 0.12748382441959408, 0.19344633307430692, 0.11571403713391502, -0.02442390653234816, -0.2548302092946806, 0.06536499924178041, -0.20460125703234658, -0.17953215123609054, -0.1953966617692522, -0.0458379431461641, 0.05470961723169817, -0.17387605324644353, 0.05307899220204053, 0.040980930177967764, 0.010349552396165078, -0.042225330920038065, -0.12695115763520778, -0.0592364743568523, 0.1087184176480672, 0.030922370228096085, -0.004871611595298199, 0.15872315806878168, -0.07674381020478904, -0.11445103106702599, 0.4422709845627348, -0.03544316722022355, -0.31591704330414305, 0.1601268117742021, -0.10483003075978206, -0.1891597375605804, 0.11802042191198399, 0.15940799456551785, 0.08998751972419347, -0.1508321634479329, 0.07039166623257216, 0.04382718397780906, 0.12401875017694551, 0.0914561817523583, 0.020687951792984507, 0.14757772351708986, 0.08365826133292081, 0.12534482515770798, 0.07474665191789814, -0.014195792855290596, -0.138391643430489, -0.298878490554833, -0.21458197790089734, -0.1791576937620723, 0.09696851814411177, -0.09044639400816559, -0.10660120338208742, 0.36781042954133636, 0.1958377067249651, 0.17074188402702295, 0.09584396184140513, 0.28574670183421796, 0.18853837586740796, 0.1309049817238927, 0.07355583791960349, 0.21795367049310507, 0.1065968924523295, 0.08425531335998067, -0.2180340296370898, 0.01067343527494475, 0.0999055546239134]
710.3612
Adaptive Multigrid Algorithm for the QCD Dirac-Wilson Operator
We present a new multigrid solver that is suitable for the Dirac operator in the presence of disordered gauge fields. The key behind the success of the algorithm is an adaptive projection onto the coarse grids that preserves the near null space. The resulting algorithm has weak dependence on the gauge coupling and exhibits mild critical slowing down in the chiral limit. Results are presented for the Wilson Dirac operator of the 2d U(1) Schwinger model.
hep-lat
we present a new multigrid solver that is suitable for the dirac operator in the presence of disordered gauge fields the key behind the success of the algorithm is an adaptive projection onto the coarse grids that preserves the near null space the resulting algorithm has weak dependence on the gauge coupling and exhibits mild critical slowing down in the chiral limit results are presented for the wilson dirac operator of the 2d u1 schwinger model
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'new', 'multigrid', 'solver', 'that', 'is', 'suitable', 'for', 'the', 'dirac', 'operator', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'disordered', 'gauge', 'fields', 'the', 'key', 'behind', 'the', 'success', 'of', 'the', 'algorithm', 'is', 'an', 'adaptive', 'projection', 'onto', 'the', 'coarse', 'grids', 'that', 'preserves', 'the', 'near', 'null', 'space', 'the', 'resulting', 'algorithm', 'has', 'weak', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'gauge', 'coupling', 'and', 'exhibits', 'mild', 'critical', 'slowing', 'down', 'in', 'the', 'chiral', 'limit', 'results', 'are', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'wilson', 'dirac', 'operator', 'of', 'the', '2d', 'u1', 'schwinger', 'model']]
[-0.15074491574379958, 0.1469966301613711, -0.08801877302558798, 0.04571266889290296, -0.06352738590028725, -0.12850853677618465, 0.00422672501238259, 0.36449857830609145, -0.22677445808719648, -0.22322122879191547, 0.08647499380841557, -0.25668671157358114, -0.15513903566783196, 0.15425455864016457, -0.01798217093547512, 0.06421017643113278, 0.016005275048021423, 0.012954758094182532, -0.13999762347482733, -0.2294616575818509, 0.3570684562804864, 0.056294964087244714, 0.3163585038610587, 0.056398612857600186, 0.1467890282970314, 0.011742107178035536, 0.04501566801857399, -0.018663480256356325, -0.0720411878713716, 0.06958889082613352, 0.11887267057930953, 0.04217184954445417, 0.22849851077128397, -0.3944474770810063, -0.17576855233576344, 0.04737709052891372, 0.1603016306486863, 0.11787965107022931, -0.09053341470395312, -0.2987375355717775, 0.08934802188243914, -0.06847040334679677, -0.1730463554313725, -0.12094477004077482, -0.06335223131004329, -0.05314757670030782, -0.28914699296614055, 0.07069329147251617, 0.05959728837632084, 0.058722497515478415, -0.0345138467198826, -0.08463295236671049, -0.0522570854641105, 0.08542907526594047, 0.06322894375740648, 0.06141469368747877, 0.11566507908681065, -0.15678251887622632, -0.09345681797927491, 0.42191033633916003, -0.09485779806518142, -0.21213645337909265, 0.1600368929977872, -0.12451721090703934, -0.15600857288135508, 0.15688109962684393, 0.14727007132023573, 0.1114564852017027, -0.10210670692858433, 0.20255594199912402, -0.08912485626550685, 0.10439445869843966, 0.010545817629654744, 0.007829333349180064, 0.19556163715223143, 0.18951110510265848, 0.13745724456384778, 0.10002370549696743, -0.1035188656134874, -0.14352190155707495, -0.3528586317981152, -0.16233898329205418, -0.1951611276568943, 0.024181067931318755, -0.170642920438695, -0.20249279574981252, 0.40212219418639217, 0.20561120698709456, 0.15532144610034793, 0.018568858185684996, 0.2463908479303906, 0.18774070403244542, 0.08454056862300556, 0.08107023071007509, 0.23104315744038964, 0.15274825503461456, 0.11770588526575777, -0.3087356061380553, -0.029971662804631417, 0.17766988871766157]
710.3613
FFLO state in thin superconducting films
We present the analysis of the inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconducting state in thin superconducting films in the parallel magnetic field. For the tetragonal crystal symmetry (relevant to CeCoIn$_{5}$ - the most probable candidate for the FFLO state formation) we predict a very peculiar in-plane angular dependence of the FFLO critical field due to the orbital effect. In the uniform superconducting state the critical field should be isotropic. The magnetic field pins also the direction of the FFLO modulation permitting thus to study the critical current anisotropy. Our calculations reveal a strong critical current anisotropy in the FFLO state in sharp contrast with the usual superconducting state. The predicted characteristic anisotropies of the critical field and critical current may provide an unambiguous probe of the FFLO phase formation.
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el
we present the analysis of the inhomogeneous fuldeferrelllarkinovchinnikov fflo superconducting state in thin superconducting films in the parallel magnetic field for the tetragonal crystal symmetry relevant to cecoin_5 the most probable candidate for the fflo state formation we predict a very peculiar inplane angular dependence of the fflo critical field due to the orbital effect in the uniform superconducting state the critical field should be isotropic the magnetic field pins also the direction of the fflo modulation permitting thus to study the critical current anisotropy our calculations reveal a strong critical current anisotropy in the fflo state in sharp contrast with the usual superconducting state the predicted characteristic anisotropies of the critical field and critical current may provide an unambiguous probe of the fflo phase formation
[['we', 'present', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'fuldeferrelllarkinovchinnikov', 'fflo', 'superconducting', 'state', 'in', 'thin', 'superconducting', 'films', 'in', 'the', 'parallel', 'magnetic', 'field', 'for', 'the', 'tetragonal', 'crystal', 'symmetry', 'relevant', 'to', 'cecoin_5', 'the', 'most', 'probable', 'candidate', 'for', 'the', 'fflo', 'state', 'formation', 'we', 'predict', 'a', 'very', 'peculiar', 'inplane', 'angular', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'fflo', 'critical', 'field', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'orbital', 'effect', 'in', 'the', 'uniform', 'superconducting', 'state', 'the', 'critical', 'field', 'should', 'be', 'isotropic', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'pins', 'also', 'the', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'fflo', 'modulation', 'permitting', 'thus', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'critical', 'current', 'anisotropy', 'our', 'calculations', 'reveal', 'a', 'strong', 'critical', 'current', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'the', 'fflo', 'state', 'in', 'sharp', 'contrast', 'with', 'the', 'usual', 'superconducting', 'state', 'the', 'predicted', 'characteristic', 'anisotropies', 'of', 'the', 'critical', 'field', 'and', 'critical', 'current', 'may', 'provide', 'an', 'unambiguous', 'probe', 'of', 'the', 'fflo', 'phase', 'formation']]
[-0.2669645307700165, 0.23432769149688298, -0.06830278522379342, 0.04457785717270795, -0.10705819600335663, -0.11168217157117194, 0.0744226845701979, 0.3285519225552442, -0.2357007552535155, -0.26203005962140324, -0.005675165087080723, -0.23180632433661866, -0.02278410268962265, 0.17812678415793926, 0.10071631792991881, 0.04282528798868288, -0.08230296424811795, 0.011783523400293826, -0.12920146727461426, -0.23353915730238817, 0.364643567138248, 0.031367120151925415, 0.40348076311841846, 0.0686205707505227, -0.01770854633050187, -0.02921622075761358, 0.1516496426470223, 0.016569227534568028, -0.20722246209588197, -0.015722024158412028, 0.27393287853042164, -0.0892625066455424, 0.14657751838898375, -0.4331466356174104, -0.20494187443650194, 0.07114813207752174, 0.18050954963583205, 0.20663103738260116, -0.05967877427529958, -0.32901738461343544, 0.020953875301139697, -0.12174888101354656, -0.17753976706086497, -0.10707413113217741, -0.025152282605487263, -0.004213781851816863, -0.2254805629541691, 0.11254221018905464, 0.07599166499650371, 0.11019073433139027, -0.15597979867062162, -0.0999663871212212, -0.054993058102101915, -0.002580466840992726, 0.06905562506012973, 0.16088430289204958, 0.12353557470302644, -0.19266603615814967, -0.08685532485740999, 0.3170278995512201, -0.03246918249695025, -0.05522221031170043, 0.11552711555527316, -0.21971307267686205, -0.06805560489865167, 0.16100631632827342, 0.08950037999948975, 0.029154860163255344, -0.06066775657162662, 0.0232627745528358, 0.008131051923902262, 0.18716036778919043, -0.025432413584360526, 0.08736659760128647, 0.3110988082896386, 0.2054372143650812, 0.08449857777339362, 0.16520006038777027, -0.18341240233608655, -0.07337111119635492, -0.2586574779845597, -0.20114946601882813, -0.20521154510419046, 0.02653337742658406, -0.11492149153757113, -0.23059683605762465, 0.4212902568923753, 0.22551676995834216, 0.17385231989568897, -0.14477980412572386, 0.25006353975244106, 0.08723060913210262, 0.041510841646601286, 0.0518879849788925, 0.3227004394718697, 0.21258292208233523, 0.18555073660166863, -0.34017725758964107, 0.1075440494617122, -0.02766257314942777]
710.3614
Star Clusters in the Nearby Late-Type Galaxy NGC 1311
Ultraviolet, optical and near infrared images of the nearby (D ~ 5.5 Mpc) SBm galaxy NGC 1311, obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, reveal a small population of 13 candidate star clusters. We identify candidate star clusters based on a combination of their luminosity, extent and spectral energy distribution. The masses of the cluster candidates range from ~1000 up to ~100000 Solar masses, and show a strong positive trend of larger mass with increasing with cluster age. Such a trend follows from the fading and dissolution of old, low-mass clusters, and the lack of any young super star clusters of the sort often formed in strong starbursts. The cluster age distribution is consistent with a bursting mode of cluster formation, with active episodes of age ~10 Myr, ~100 Myr and ~1 Gyr. The ranges of age and mass we probe are consistent with those of the star clusters found in quiescent Local Group dwarf galaxies.
astro-ph
ultraviolet optical and near infrared images of the nearby d 55 mpc sbm galaxy ngc 1311 obtained with the hubble space telescope reveal a small population of 13 candidate star clusters we identify candidate star clusters based on a combination of their luminosity extent and spectral energy distribution the masses of the cluster candidates range from 1000 up to 100000 solar masses and show a strong positive trend of larger mass with increasing with cluster age such a trend follows from the fading and dissolution of old lowmass clusters and the lack of any young super star clusters of the sort often formed in strong starbursts the cluster age distribution is consistent with a bursting mode of cluster formation with active episodes of age 10 myr 100 myr and 1 gyr the ranges of age and mass we probe are consistent with those of the star clusters found in quiescent local group dwarf galaxies
[['ultraviolet', 'optical', 'and', 'near', 'infrared', 'images', 'of', 'the', 'nearby', 'd', '55', 'mpc', 'sbm', 'galaxy', 'ngc', '1311', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'reveal', 'a', 'small', 'population', 'of', '13', 'candidate', 'star', 'clusters', 'we', 'identify', 'candidate', 'star', 'clusters', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'combination', 'of', 'their', 'luminosity', 'extent', 'and', 'spectral', 'energy', 'distribution', 'the', 'masses', 'of', 'the', 'cluster', 'candidates', 'range', 'from', '1000', 'up', 'to', '100000', 'solar', 'masses', 'and', 'show', 'a', 'strong', 'positive', 'trend', 'of', 'larger', 'mass', 'with', 'increasing', 'with', 'cluster', 'age', 'such', 'a', 'trend', 'follows', 'from', 'the', 'fading', 'and', 'dissolution', 'of', 'old', 'lowmass', 'clusters', 'and', 'the', 'lack', 'of', 'any', 'young', 'super', 'star', 'clusters', 'of', 'the', 'sort', 'often', 'formed', 'in', 'strong', 'starbursts', 'the', 'cluster', 'age', 'distribution', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'a', 'bursting', 'mode', 'of', 'cluster', 'formation', 'with', 'active', 'episodes', 'of', 'age', '10', 'myr', '100', 'myr', 'and', '1', 'gyr', 'the', 'ranges', 'of', 'age', 'and', 'mass', 'we', 'probe', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'star', 'clusters', 'found', 'in', 'quiescent', 'local', 'group', 'dwarf', 'galaxies']]
[-0.05723741055540317, 0.15343704549353812, -0.0669095580580995, 0.10309707189913138, -0.07915316532855829, -0.03800399414892611, 0.09374089784279176, 0.43324553538355737, -0.15440411279098942, -0.4238066733814776, 0.05157492016200218, -0.2824833218632689, 0.007070077398743529, 0.1752377569345854, -0.024304357747390093, -0.05891288968041999, 0.10755401376223603, 0.003185721599593662, -0.03329073908654126, -0.2872615981063796, 0.3101340484043414, 0.05331837494143998, 0.12783955692845797, -0.0826348822558973, 0.056576377246528864, -0.10460251722297353, -0.08072641635519247, -0.044125612489705264, -0.16937602567486465, 0.025813069845233776, 0.20073941965472533, 0.12671192045257026, 0.26010777278086655, -0.31676143346136654, -0.1833229561868523, 0.07030498638579791, 0.21979982535772075, -0.009958185491381914, -0.12678041771982568, -0.28815784966633595, 0.09483795724627743, -0.2046023250116011, -0.20470998226362583, 0.15218277731547494, 0.07321435246123727, 0.046190365955427096, -0.23709171844718904, 0.22685401682596798, -0.039607655148130735, 0.10699438756972841, -0.15612820541189815, -0.11951092116280713, -0.05497411233085728, 0.09333683775780215, -0.0025271424901212093, 0.08823715720866963, 0.20881062409199483, -0.13664613985879856, -0.01870396403692566, 0.3715871917930516, -0.04867857200748971, 0.09579771114724943, 0.28593569627642484, -0.22574147787066057, -0.1628225286424692, 0.11438367676062437, 0.12517177951582648, 0.11369513300574058, -0.18029809829645924, -0.011865436062806396, -0.009044968408937627, 0.24384626135375206, 0.043289751821354805, 0.08641212168703379, 0.3284937605056186, 0.16677849932706781, 0.04308466434285238, 0.07053365476743935, -0.23320989965539812, -0.0592559889146405, -0.18584675180677374, -0.06889808475487418, -0.11057754202844884, 0.10550875666130988, -0.20523139432478205, -0.11814278536234293, 0.3111117267346179, 0.04802205741054729, 0.24729647223823312, 0.09616910038038169, 0.1956550495928855, 0.03264375117776746, 0.18027999096810093, 0.13257005306976763, 0.26032065052248826, 0.20213294742846644, 0.04376836881561616, -0.255362867665713, 0.03192561890252612, -0.041629982806814764]
710.3615
Paramagnonlike excitations and spin diffusion in magnetic resonance studies of copper oxide superconductors
The relaxation function theory for a doped two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic system in the paramagnetic state for all wave vectors through the Brillouin zone is presented in view of low frequency response of high-$T_c$ copper oxide superconductors. We deduced the regions of long lifetime [$T \lesssim 400(1-4x)$ K] and "overdamped" [$T \gtrsim 700(1-4x)$ K] paramagnonlike excitations in the temperature ($T$)-doping index ($x$) phase diagram from plane oxygen nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $^{17}(1/T_1)$ data in up to optimally doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ thus providing the regimes for the spin wave concept and the ''overdamped'' mode.
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el
the relaxation function theory for a doped twodimensional heisenberg antiferromagnetic system in the paramagnetic state for all wave vectors through the brillouin zone is presented in view of low frequency response of hight_c copper oxide superconductors we deduced the regions of long lifetime t lesssim 40014x k and overdamped t gtrsim 70014x k paramagnonlike excitations in the temperature tdoping index x phase diagram from plane oxygen nuclear spinlattice relaxation rate 171t_1 data in up to optimally doped la_2xsr_xcuo_4 thus providing the regimes for the spin wave concept and the overdamped mode
[['the', 'relaxation', 'function', 'theory', 'for', 'a', 'doped', 'twodimensional', 'heisenberg', 'antiferromagnetic', 'system', 'in', 'the', 'paramagnetic', 'state', 'for', 'all', 'wave', 'vectors', 'through', 'the', 'brillouin', 'zone', 'is', 'presented', 'in', 'view', 'of', 'low', 'frequency', 'response', 'of', 'hight_c', 'copper', 'oxide', 'superconductors', 'we', 'deduced', 'the', 'regions', 'of', 'long', 'lifetime', 't', 'lesssim', '40014x', 'k', 'and', 'overdamped', 't', 'gtrsim', '70014x', 'k', 'paramagnonlike', 'excitations', 'in', 'the', 'temperature', 'tdoping', 'index', 'x', 'phase', 'diagram', 'from', 'plane', 'oxygen', 'nuclear', 'spinlattice', 'relaxation', 'rate', '171t_1', 'data', 'in', 'up', 'to', 'optimally', 'doped', 'la_2xsr_xcuo_4', 'thus', 'providing', 'the', 'regimes', 'for', 'the', 'spin', 'wave', 'concept', 'and', 'the', 'overdamped', 'mode']]
[-0.19665423150698857, 0.2646183699166038, -8.144066936668309e-05, 0.0023126409659376262, -0.02007952141147321, -0.12611477193757142, 0.15061533528556725, 0.3727016604623233, -0.2723940709477355, -0.1985137925805101, -0.0029071234568054305, -0.3652221820820337, -0.028374807919835907, 0.2018459639993721, 0.10211325827557807, 0.02215277458187835, -0.09032641502161479, -0.020124324123728377, -0.12474421790704646, -0.18593242364111304, 0.20185623299223424, 0.012576706300692997, 0.3209601755457363, 0.02478630296971606, 0.0457606562373132, 0.04246694188104707, 0.19450177299394006, -0.03651124686430925, -0.2238533932972571, -0.020642123174393314, 0.3912959074301795, -0.08483540843208802, 0.1677955883025224, -0.3992726795974819, -0.24008139777371937, -0.002500080551695207, 0.1640144055575432, 0.10194060151952308, -0.03766334243118763, -0.2608348674986554, 0.018464553697120356, -0.11813459038766551, -0.1388315732126531, -0.07759603660088032, 0.018949547183068318, -0.03551477947454343, -0.253201824968852, 0.16227626565164063, 0.09139102152762828, 0.0832651590650109, -0.12222446312314306, -0.15314464889675508, -0.06909169409766622, 0.013058167459421802, 0.06703005300502925, 0.10211181047575912, 0.16987157086560759, -0.07794256769548888, -0.043922072875945045, 0.31400323417251824, -0.0686537435508451, -0.05123099684715271, 0.12144403924480424, -0.2562986125891236, -0.04300053819650035, 0.22602155027461462, 0.12149558561096696, 0.1312280303862845, -0.1517275587920549, 0.10954423261780945, -0.005277470653092532, 0.18994584992453029, 0.036063705196325804, 0.11301001973835559, 0.2611249106154702, 0.2329359402687385, 0.04574557799503379, 0.11977894992257158, -0.14592600948894505, -0.05114253165318106, -0.22403593123729887, -0.14976858321962686, -0.21983854906551872, 0.05776422158326557, -0.11829522192637415, -0.12310326771660783, 0.36227049478383244, 0.11048643878960832, 0.1753523162212865, -0.0472625895970683, 0.19824326734711556, 0.10227999185351119, 0.02940782889102896, 0.0683479396647763, 0.20961349305493393, 0.21339070371180857, 0.14412607659917626, -0.3477700898281952, 0.023426501899315364, 0.060268735836913015]
710.3616
Coincidences of Dark Energy with Dark Matter -- Clues for a Simple Alternative?
A rare coincidence of scales in standard particle physics is needed to explain why $\Lambda$ or the negative pressure of cosmological dark energy (DE) coincides with the positive pressure $P_0$ of random motion of dark matter (DM) in bright galaxies. Recently Zlosnik et al. (2007) propose to modify the Einsteinian curvature by adding a non-linear pressure from a medium flowing with a four-velocity vector field $U^\mu$. We propose to check whether a smooth extension of GR with a simple kinetic Lagrangian of $U^\mu$ can be constructed, and whether the pressure can bend space-time sufficiently to replace the roles of a $w=-1$ DE, $w=0$ Cold DM and heavy neutrinos in explaining anomalous accelerations at all scales. As a specific proof of concept we find a Vector-for-$\Lambda$ model (${\mathbf V\Lambda}$-model) and its variants. With essentially {\it no free parameters}, these appear broadly consistent with the solar system, gravitational potentials in dwarf spiral galaxies and the bullet cluster of galaxies, early universe with inflation, structure formation and BBN, and late acceleration with a 1:3 ratio of DM:DE.
astro-ph gr-qc hep-ph
a rare coincidence of scales in standard particle physics is needed to explain why lambda or the negative pressure of cosmological dark energy de coincides with the positive pressure p_0 of random motion of dark matter dm in bright galaxies recently zlosnik et al 2007 propose to modify the einsteinian curvature by adding a nonlinear pressure from a medium flowing with a fourvelocity vector field umu we propose to check whether a smooth extension of gr with a simple kinetic lagrangian of umu can be constructed and whether the pressure can bend spacetime sufficiently to replace the roles of a w1 de w0 cold dm and heavy neutrinos in explaining anomalous accelerations at all scales as a specific proof of concept we find a vectorforlambda model mathbf vlambdamodel and its variants with essentially it no free parameters these appear broadly consistent with the solar system gravitational potentials in dwarf spiral galaxies and the bullet cluster of galaxies early universe with inflation structure formation and bbn and late acceleration with a 13 ratio of dmde
[['a', 'rare', 'coincidence', 'of', 'scales', 'in', 'standard', 'particle', 'physics', 'is', 'needed', 'to', 'explain', 'why', 'lambda', 'or', 'the', 'negative', 'pressure', 'of', 'cosmological', 'dark', 'energy', 'de', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'positive', 'pressure', 'p_0', 'of', 'random', 'motion', 'of', 'dark', 'matter', 'dm', 'in', 'bright', 'galaxies', 'recently', 'zlosnik', 'et', 'al', '2007', 'propose', 'to', 'modify', 'the', 'einsteinian', 'curvature', 'by', 'adding', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'pressure', 'from', 'a', 'medium', 'flowing', 'with', 'a', 'fourvelocity', 'vector', 'field', 'umu', 'we', 'propose', 'to', 'check', 'whether', 'a', 'smooth', 'extension', 'of', 'gr', 'with', 'a', 'simple', 'kinetic', 'lagrangian', 'of', 'umu', 'can', 'be', 'constructed', 'and', 'whether', 'the', 'pressure', 'can', 'bend', 'spacetime', 'sufficiently', 'to', 'replace', 'the', 'roles', 'of', 'a', 'w1', 'de', 'w0', 'cold', 'dm', 'and', 'heavy', 'neutrinos', 'in', 'explaining', 'anomalous', 'accelerations', 'at', 'all', 'scales', 'as', 'a', 'specific', 'proof', 'of', 'concept', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'vectorforlambda', 'model', 'mathbf', 'vlambdamodel', 'and', 'its', 'variants', 'with', 'essentially', 'it', 'no', 'free', 'parameters', 'these', 'appear', 'broadly', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'solar', 'system', 'gravitational', 'potentials', 'in', 'dwarf', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'and', 'the', 'bullet', 'cluster', 'of', 'galaxies', 'early', 'universe', 'with', 'inflation', 'structure', 'formation', 'and', 'bbn', 'and', 'late', 'acceleration', 'with', 'a', '13', 'ratio', 'of', 'dmde']]
[-0.12354928719380881, 0.18753976172261072, -0.1232017377957876, 0.09426004733081515, -0.13082256328181108, -0.1351036475181623, -0.039906620943907935, 0.3150760321006484, -0.22390575366563092, -0.3316569774689382, 0.010846333496533987, -0.24361520183234536, -0.06107919803025386, 0.12540755856153146, -0.01755963503764343, -0.008616751085589668, -0.012114274173931421, 0.019107457581221274, -0.02669043711601751, -0.2503619167221198, 0.3069674524469083, 0.08431226874113475, 0.16392363693527007, -0.02008456397496643, 0.12075020423518461, -0.06961485856806325, -0.020253799572499873, 0.030536734136856265, -0.17551049789531586, 0.00780549477370543, 0.18317417811251066, 0.09219166048263248, 0.2282407522019086, -0.402990455259923, -0.2401508076731878, 0.15701123956612675, 0.13146599811060647, 0.09977747267656768, -0.09902578844057058, -0.2819549704177512, 0.05666215073491572, -0.16424125538014245, -0.1654937428569323, 0.005944609446173646, 0.033614036429003534, 0.012428257679730131, -0.2603882517116226, 0.15610918139733174, 0.026445811527252894, -0.012568869147373483, -0.08533728864433364, -0.09426840467920407, -0.04076270487946485, -0.016704086765744967, 0.0651777313834285, 0.07175948919268184, 0.170644476857276, -0.15242226161226108, -0.062387361475783915, 0.4351120234755745, -0.13459635930808467, -0.11408293817998373, 0.2050972550124344, -0.15800534352681964, -0.12385182754457956, 0.1005101197069696, 0.12112679921379259, 0.0617110127700072, -0.1063079167241149, 0.14279887019534057, 0.002853432661385346, 0.17174394935102621, 0.11357071660785821, -0.004337975252229088, 0.30805086917162205, 0.1168606293371372, 0.0499561311335341, 0.03229586647112707, -0.08064536827654518, -0.04651341521302347, -0.3353496249274988, -0.15910543088000595, -0.1307370927544278, 0.06956977119985205, -0.11842578617200304, -0.17163668910575192, 0.33152680810301277, 0.09341139747355778, 0.23852799572758596, 0.03296168503754538, 0.27886962287443856, 0.05225670770387988, 0.03723692885812437, 0.11467232758162968, 0.2728819629308163, 0.16387002174851448, 0.11890618081683871, -0.22739223669431505, -0.0014488346801869222, 0.04302297100528247]
710.3617
Top physics at the Tevatron Collider
The top quark has been discovered in 1995 at the CDF and DO experiments located in the Tevatron ring at the Fermilab laboratory. After more than a decade the Tevatron collider, with its center-of-mass energy collisions of 1.96 TeV, is still the only machine capable of producing such exceptionally heavy particle. Here I present a selection of the most recent CDF and DO measurements performed analyzing ~ 1 fb-1 of integrated luminosity.
hep-ex
the top quark has been discovered in 1995 at the cdf and do experiments located in the tevatron ring at the fermilab laboratory after more than a decade the tevatron collider with its centerofmass energy collisions of 196 tev is still the only machine capable of producing such exceptionally heavy particle here i present a selection of the most recent cdf and do measurements performed analyzing 1 fb1 of integrated luminosity
[['the', 'top', 'quark', 'has', 'been', 'discovered', 'in', '1995', 'at', 'the', 'cdf', 'and', 'do', 'experiments', 'located', 'in', 'the', 'tevatron', 'ring', 'at', 'the', 'fermilab', 'laboratory', 'after', 'more', 'than', 'a', 'decade', 'the', 'tevatron', 'collider', 'with', 'its', 'centerofmass', 'energy', 'collisions', 'of', '196', 'tev', 'is', 'still', 'the', 'only', 'machine', 'capable', 'of', 'producing', 'such', 'exceptionally', 'heavy', 'particle', 'here', 'i', 'present', 'a', 'selection', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'recent', 'cdf', 'and', 'do', 'measurements', 'performed', 'analyzing', '1', 'fb1', 'of', 'integrated', 'luminosity']]
[-0.028877021671062937, 0.1646389491252706, -0.11803947294025983, 0.08237322512522183, -0.06593310919550943, -0.15164204202198855, -0.010131194305435662, 0.368405927654723, -0.1550343342889494, -0.3404478872011245, 0.0363663311122956, -0.38640114937869596, 0.10216547939664042, 0.18544670494607793, 0.0821632271448911, 0.1405578002564832, 0.16322327784056, -0.013494213577359915, -0.0795094793675546, -0.28697591596676536, 0.21890603471219436, 0.15616979823828164, 0.24592312146962003, 0.09452149993412091, 0.11598309364602705, 0.005554918268643004, -0.06746156515658532, -0.06716198061632228, -0.048258264444138804, 0.08415728473083221, 0.28683507627017246, 0.13461641299302204, 0.22586813485118704, -0.40400499496346626, -0.05026473915269992, 0.16349281231597276, 0.14521371989681478, 0.05924597566186542, -0.13607158715624368, -0.2943632782069625, 0.14893384095819168, -0.2520937775347782, -0.13462463366261251, 0.05021242275309395, 0.06691436945709964, -0.061432278013302824, -0.2559577187565877, 0.06949563283460136, -0.06222399467812248, 0.17510494888878206, 0.04143225000416991, -0.24203620517862515, -0.07669224796003439, -0.0857859969427678, 0.031990406546138335, 0.052323929426050415, 0.17394399433068827, -0.18310146489095364, -0.21683318469620927, 0.29275020030917415, -0.01377878907816255, -0.028225835032341346, 0.27297329871167597, -0.23323747328102168, -0.10044758264500071, 0.1182658211131331, 0.26709847905981343, 0.07577279421277869, -0.2571778059871474, 0.12849049450350847, -0.04070466751573791, 0.1662176074246994, 0.09063940933039806, 0.04311416664121436, 0.22592071008304476, 0.2601785720129248, -0.0005491865847200733, 0.01790689956396818, -0.19585350041710575, -0.029201829287840028, -0.4493653120499262, -0.06797692369879552, -0.15024522643431393, 0.018224500768988485, 0.05332344901644703, -0.011140919539710166, 0.39003573659754975, 0.13871363151128221, 0.2957305281462384, -0.012511348548594495, 0.24631228599644883, 0.0887276579963673, 0.10792085868314656, 0.1349984275143918, 0.3764909679516101, 0.06808933188063158, 0.24733753431535943, -0.2191808277767309, 0.0489380949285065, 0.007188585062157101]
710.3618
Fast algorithms for matching CCD images to a stellar catalogue
Two new algorithms are described for matching two dimensional coordinate lists of point sources that are signifcantly faster than previous methods. By matching rarely occurring triangles (or more complex shapes) in the two lists, and by ordering searches by decreasing probability of success, it is demonstrated that very few candidates need be considered to find a successful match. Moreover, by immediately testing the suitability of a potential match using an efficient mechanism, the need to process the entire candidate set is avoided, yielding considerable performance improvements. Triangles are described by a cosine metric that reduces the density of triangle space, permitting efficient searches. An alternative shape characterization method that reduces computational overhead in the construction phase is discussed. The algorithms are tested on a set of 10 063 wide-field survey images, with fields-of-view up to 4.8 x 3.6 deg, successfully matching 100% of the images in a mean elapsed time of 6 ms (2.4 GHz Athlon CPU). The elapsed time of the searching phase is shown to vary by less than 1 ms for list sizes between 10 and 200 points, demonstrating that fast, robust searches may be completed in nearly constant time, independent of list size.
astro-ph
two new algorithms are described for matching two dimensional coordinate lists of point sources that are signifcantly faster than previous methods by matching rarely occurring triangles or more complex shapes in the two lists and by ordering searches by decreasing probability of success it is demonstrated that very few candidates need be considered to find a successful match moreover by immediately testing the suitability of a potential match using an efficient mechanism the need to process the entire candidate set is avoided yielding considerable performance improvements triangles are described by a cosine metric that reduces the density of triangle space permitting efficient searches an alternative shape characterization method that reduces computational overhead in the construction phase is discussed the algorithms are tested on a set of 10 063 widefield survey images with fieldsofview up to 48 x 36 deg successfully matching 100 of the images in a mean elapsed time of 6 ms 24 ghz athlon cpu the elapsed time of the searching phase is shown to vary by less than 1 ms for list sizes between 10 and 200 points demonstrating that fast robust searches may be completed in nearly constant time independent of list size
[['two', 'new', 'algorithms', 'are', 'described', 'for', 'matching', 'two', 'dimensional', 'coordinate', 'lists', 'of', 'point', 'sources', 'that', 'are', 'signifcantly', 'faster', 'than', 'previous', 'methods', 'by', 'matching', 'rarely', 'occurring', 'triangles', 'or', 'more', 'complex', 'shapes', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'lists', 'and', 'by', 'ordering', 'searches', 'by', 'decreasing', 'probability', 'of', 'success', 'it', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'that', 'very', 'few', 'candidates', 'need', 'be', 'considered', 'to', 'find', 'a', 'successful', 'match', 'moreover', 'by', 'immediately', 'testing', 'the', 'suitability', 'of', 'a', 'potential', 'match', 'using', 'an', 'efficient', 'mechanism', 'the', 'need', 'to', 'process', 'the', 'entire', 'candidate', 'set', 'is', 'avoided', 'yielding', 'considerable', 'performance', 'improvements', 'triangles', 'are', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'cosine', 'metric', 'that', 'reduces', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'triangle', 'space', 'permitting', 'efficient', 'searches', 'an', 'alternative', 'shape', 'characterization', 'method', 'that', 'reduces', 'computational', 'overhead', 'in', 'the', 'construction', 'phase', 'is', 'discussed', 'the', 'algorithms', 'are', 'tested', 'on', 'a', 'set', 'of', '10', '063', 'widefield', 'survey', 'images', 'with', 'fieldsofview', 'up', 'to', '48', 'x', '36', 'deg', 'successfully', 'matching', '100', 'of', 'the', 'images', 'in', 'a', 'mean', 'elapsed', 'time', 'of', '6', 'ms', '24', 'ghz', 'athlon', 'cpu', 'the', 'elapsed', 'time', 'of', 'the', 'searching', 'phase', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'vary', 'by', 'less', 'than', '1', 'ms', 'for', 'list', 'sizes', 'between', '10', 'and', '200', 'points', 'demonstrating', 'that', 'fast', 'robust', 'searches', 'may', 'be', 'completed', 'in', 'nearly', 'constant', 'time', 'independent', 'of', 'list', 'size']]
[-0.11314589159363615, 0.1120754686766007, -0.026832869508047114, 0.059115163225558306, -0.05361117634860495, -0.15015396746041784, 0.082808425402915, 0.43498147638248547, -0.20953669847103254, -0.4015536196957513, 0.12838491768224583, -0.2630623017143154, -0.07206537659227734, 0.22429098777487227, -0.037764177772594255, 0.04051306606353527, 0.09131658828950354, 0.0046634546538092654, -0.09059933359777479, -0.3069400655709169, 0.2086466609747434, 0.07826635863498918, 0.2622625216798933, -0.00744179962975049, 0.05866874817625752, -0.03151117285780893, -0.07592863927129656, 0.016726093462220516, -0.07864061317485145, 0.0661140267050597, 0.2384663846460171, 0.1588548089068948, 0.25255164621892023, -0.3745045368179527, -0.16651154052298658, 0.1093471637292651, 0.14699744189405167, 0.06141962496592302, -0.059837161178230805, -0.2631440494169139, 0.11303062602041328, -0.13722454535546807, -0.11372235299762795, -0.05996355249508455, 0.07206208502983066, 0.000900527486121472, -0.23880987844610474, 0.06014483929991874, 0.02049605961062242, 0.04612634350944843, -0.022470062901503503, -0.15126296954154636, 0.01944899074590708, 0.09355629313848818, -0.004740572855386132, 0.09708308178589356, 0.10968723369534222, -0.11524758358030582, -0.13819856341448328, 0.390459566407989, -0.04496257277802512, -0.14412338848639167, 0.1794666423573995, -0.11469806371404011, -0.10516462641131437, 0.23356748375226744, 0.12803715059999377, 0.12727031800290095, -0.17393929302236255, 0.025720774551942036, 0.00021100490608214572, 0.20837146225839745, 0.120770394688054, 0.007480722493302001, 0.1990290691764854, 0.1736805610909906, 0.08936801381832064, 0.10840165763184646, -0.13338259571322184, -0.08415862440656662, -0.2536931468158419, -0.1175754415502413, -0.19100836484826036, 0.0013304405007630168, -0.13219853524075303, -0.10188497426905978, 0.39178680747091693, 0.137430054479224, 0.22709553661086235, 0.07643627355526182, 0.28234124945521794, 0.061906453957502036, 0.11199674219230418, 0.07737329024678971, 0.23272636637082134, 0.05950534506938515, 0.049838035232007354, -0.13609801208462605, 0.05963852415241453, 0.03283920135985756]
710.3619
Eternally inflating cosmologies from intersecting spacelike branes
Intersecting spacelike braneworld cosmologies are investigated. The time axis is set on the scale parameter of extra space, which may include more than one timelike metric. Obtained are eternally inflating (i.e. undergoing late-time inflation) Robertson-Walker spacetime and extra space with a constant scale factor. In the case of multibrane solutions, some dimensions are static or shrink. The fact that the largest supersymmetry algebra contains 32 supercharges in 4 dimensions imposes a restriction on the geometry of extra space.
hep-th
intersecting spacelike braneworld cosmologies are investigated the time axis is set on the scale parameter of extra space which may include more than one timelike metric obtained are eternally inflating ie undergoing latetime inflation robertsonwalker spacetime and extra space with a constant scale factor in the case of multibrane solutions some dimensions are static or shrink the fact that the largest supersymmetry algebra contains 32 supercharges in 4 dimensions imposes a restriction on the geometry of extra space
[['intersecting', 'spacelike', 'braneworld', 'cosmologies', 'are', 'investigated', 'the', 'time', 'axis', 'is', 'set', 'on', 'the', 'scale', 'parameter', 'of', 'extra', 'space', 'which', 'may', 'include', 'more', 'than', 'one', 'timelike', 'metric', 'obtained', 'are', 'eternally', 'inflating', 'ie', 'undergoing', 'latetime', 'inflation', 'robertsonwalker', 'spacetime', 'and', 'extra', 'space', 'with', 'a', 'constant', 'scale', 'factor', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'multibrane', 'solutions', 'some', 'dimensions', 'are', 'static', 'or', 'shrink', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'the', 'largest', 'supersymmetry', 'algebra', 'contains', '32', 'supercharges', 'in', '4', 'dimensions', 'imposes', 'a', 'restriction', 'on', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'extra', 'space']]
[-0.2229627477026019, 0.18521364537016966, -0.02948996560791364, 0.11243201344041154, -0.14478236011778697, -0.19676258931091675, -0.07447406946299359, 0.33253067512160694, -0.14519405578716826, -0.268125001532145, 0.16538396749633533, -0.277002184281651, -0.06132145235852267, 0.11783439629018688, -0.06058414101164836, 0.0039048678585319207, 0.008970747271982523, 0.07497679076802272, -0.07249674899205087, -0.30701982614417106, 0.4318980116588183, 0.0213387506440855, 0.21807890019875067, -0.06179713026489107, 0.12803539597930816, -0.06772225563868116, -0.021940238690242555, 0.0355995554594138, -0.14124594429757473, 0.08185665274803074, 0.13543021065803865, 0.11717657546679942, 0.17761360738689128, -0.4183898666300453, -0.2694794330507135, 0.15601522535181198, 0.19606474347603628, 0.11039616374555641, 0.0153847380221496, -0.26290181055605316, 0.01754373242147267, -0.12335324605019429, -0.18613224398368636, -0.05816191620527743, 0.03186258870081451, -0.1642579791159966, -0.21932375235095, 0.11118668167648885, 0.010557108970645528, 0.023983482534113604, -0.10717252493262865, -0.0639017279773282, -0.0585608478092278, -0.004802426099419021, 0.12985755884960198, 0.06343214238474432, 0.1442234912970796, -0.08706680137420801, -0.09472776725530051, 0.3773531458364465, -0.04373171268637704, -0.2630345922751495, 0.12301352079241322, -0.21489807810538855, -0.11998133632378319, 0.1368661697040527, 0.12856804325770682, 0.10575786626969393, -0.07223410736650038, 0.25554301603980817, 0.006443523843653309, 0.15295747131443557, 0.19085839390157697, 0.05914164460279071, 0.23045930828158864, 0.13932376231950444, 0.06820920920477082, 0.0991322299083456, -0.014573669587172424, -0.14866718257037112, -0.43749347933305377, -0.13922743613306338, -0.12368921849590081, 0.10100015129846258, -0.27300779108918505, -0.18396551929151592, 0.308016840986406, 0.06013838109972242, 0.19616855934668237, 0.02241813456072496, 0.21862643416851568, 0.0019815495129128415, 0.10881502752323659, 0.14752122141922322, 0.2587336984016031, 0.019605872137710836, 0.07822941564835417, -0.13616892765276134, -0.06993387347588745, 0.09656251010407384]
710.362
Nonlinear completion of massive gravity of the Fierz-Pauli type
A possible nonlinear completion of massive gravity of the Fierz-Pauli type is proposed. The theory describes a system consisting of a massive tensor field of the Fierz-Pauli type and an additional massive vector field. Massless limit as well as flat-spacetime limit can be taken smoothly. Constructing a nonlinear version of the physical-state condition which drives an extra scalar ghost from physical states is still unsettled.
hep-th
a possible nonlinear completion of massive gravity of the fierzpauli type is proposed the theory describes a system consisting of a massive tensor field of the fierzpauli type and an additional massive vector field massless limit as well as flatspacetime limit can be taken smoothly constructing a nonlinear version of the physicalstate condition which drives an extra scalar ghost from physical states is still unsettled
[['a', 'possible', 'nonlinear', 'completion', 'of', 'massive', 'gravity', 'of', 'the', 'fierzpauli', 'type', 'is', 'proposed', 'the', 'theory', 'describes', 'a', 'system', 'consisting', 'of', 'a', 'massive', 'tensor', 'field', 'of', 'the', 'fierzpauli', 'type', 'and', 'an', 'additional', 'massive', 'vector', 'field', 'massless', 'limit', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'flatspacetime', 'limit', 'can', 'be', 'taken', 'smoothly', 'constructing', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'physicalstate', 'condition', 'which', 'drives', 'an', 'extra', 'scalar', 'ghost', 'from', 'physical', 'states', 'is', 'still', 'unsettled']]
[-0.17688853327328197, 0.16023657197678964, -0.07413798243953632, 0.08482007197677516, -0.12620942082542638, -0.15826735702844766, -0.053320953488134995, 0.21936688938966165, -0.2127137733480105, -0.2877278829423281, 0.10958135922511036, -0.21864590518749677, -0.17521827799053147, 0.1027162888732094, -0.052495016157627104, -0.007589377536295125, 0.03096260763704777, 0.10046016408775288, -0.06862891759956255, -0.22538809661681836, 0.3692185011907266, 0.02892386232717679, 0.21968934186376057, -0.017498918569002014, 0.1521207630347747, 0.03165470247443479, 0.007032124125040494, 0.03638223638901344, -0.020049573395114678, 0.038546724911206046, 0.16061726150174555, 0.1166973681977162, 0.25859558323684795, -0.40230544123512046, -0.2529976461817009, 0.07780770336886725, 0.19543029306313167, 0.14914108176464932, -0.03830898139769068, -0.29246358395769045, 0.05840776142879174, -0.18955839667469263, -0.21421290756418154, -0.023116848058998586, -0.03891453780681611, -0.10706202376347322, -0.3153286564235504, 0.10847014352106131, 0.043924252590379465, -0.005863180470008117, -0.10777290641115261, -0.0820374979189812, -0.04275904748803721, 0.0591282618446992, 0.08124290576491218, 0.0791250066831708, 0.10909880726383282, -0.22298197502700182, -0.0767409523178895, 0.3934158876251716, -0.1433854336026483, -0.20235504897741172, 0.2024278666967383, -0.06829731127677055, -0.10368225877531446, 0.11313792504370213, 0.12532236766643248, 0.1298123566003946, -0.19206968249323275, 0.20026817274405262, -0.06496128851117997, 0.1727444873119776, 0.04949921346627749, 0.08670832679535334, 0.30838667986771234, 0.14477490064902948, 0.03137361458860911, 0.1416374736232683, -0.0007367342567214599, -0.1074867170313015, -0.38434191947946184, -0.17293033836982571, -0.14065219004495214, 0.13041248474843226, -0.11914225937776232, -0.21000086007496485, 0.34172880976245956, 0.07011538264699853, 0.11151575751405639, 0.021996045615882254, 0.274678601954992, 0.16518193564664285, 0.11726326254697947, 0.07119863375734825, 0.26290654614567754, 0.21083845517669733, 0.09637782147798973, -0.19305870590659863, -0.1271474877372384, 0.09917432885043896]
710.3621
Numerical removal of water-vapor effects from THz-TDS measurements
One source of disturbance in a pulsed T-ray signal is attributed to ambient water vapor. Water molecules in the gas phase selectively absorb T-rays at discrete frequencies corresponding to their molecular rotational transitions. This results in prominent resonances spread over the T-ray spectrum, and in the time domain the T-ray signal is observed as fluctuations after the main pulse. These effects are generally undesired, since they may mask critical spectroscopic data. So, ambient water vapor is commonly removed from the T-ray path by using a closed chamber during the measurement. Yet, in some applications a closed chamber is not applicable. This situation, therefore, motivates the need for another method to reduce these unwanted artifacts. This paper presents a study on a computational means to address the problem. Initially, a complex frequency response of water vapor is modeled from a spectroscopic catalog. Using a deconvolution technique, together with fine tuning of the strength of each resonance, parts of the water-vapor response are removed from a measured T-ray signal, with minimal signal distortion.
cs.CE physics.comp-ph
one source of disturbance in a pulsed tray signal is attributed to ambient water vapor water molecules in the gas phase selectively absorb trays at discrete frequencies corresponding to their molecular rotational transitions this results in prominent resonances spread over the tray spectrum and in the time domain the tray signal is observed as fluctuations after the main pulse these effects are generally undesired since they may mask critical spectroscopic data so ambient water vapor is commonly removed from the tray path by using a closed chamber during the measurement yet in some applications a closed chamber is not applicable this situation therefore motivates the need for another method to reduce these unwanted artifacts this paper presents a study on a computational means to address the problem initially a complex frequency response of water vapor is modeled from a spectroscopic catalog using a deconvolution technique together with fine tuning of the strength of each resonance parts of the watervapor response are removed from a measured tray signal with minimal signal distortion
[['one', 'source', 'of', 'disturbance', 'in', 'a', 'pulsed', 'tray', 'signal', 'is', 'attributed', 'to', 'ambient', 'water', 'vapor', 'water', 'molecules', 'in', 'the', 'gas', 'phase', 'selectively', 'absorb', 'trays', 'at', 'discrete', 'frequencies', 'corresponding', 'to', 'their', 'molecular', 'rotational', 'transitions', 'this', 'results', 'in', 'prominent', 'resonances', 'spread', 'over', 'the', 'tray', 'spectrum', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'time', 'domain', 'the', 'tray', 'signal', 'is', 'observed', 'as', 'fluctuations', 'after', 'the', 'main', 'pulse', 'these', 'effects', 'are', 'generally', 'undesired', 'since', 'they', 'may', 'mask', 'critical', 'spectroscopic', 'data', 'so', 'ambient', 'water', 'vapor', 'is', 'commonly', 'removed', 'from', 'the', 'tray', 'path', 'by', 'using', 'a', 'closed', 'chamber', 'during', 'the', 'measurement', 'yet', 'in', 'some', 'applications', 'a', 'closed', 'chamber', 'is', 'not', 'applicable', 'this', 'situation', 'therefore', 'motivates', 'the', 'need', 'for', 'another', 'method', 'to', 'reduce', 'these', 'unwanted', 'artifacts', 'this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'study', 'on', 'a', 'computational', 'means', 'to', 'address', 'the', 'problem', 'initially', 'a', 'complex', 'frequency', 'response', 'of', 'water', 'vapor', 'is', 'modeled', 'from', 'a', 'spectroscopic', 'catalog', 'using', 'a', 'deconvolution', 'technique', 'together', 'with', 'fine', 'tuning', 'of', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'each', 'resonance', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'watervapor', 'response', 'are', 'removed', 'from', 'a', 'measured', 'tray', 'signal', 'with', 'minimal', 'signal', 'distortion']]
[-0.09303590331253138, 0.16104949198115878, -0.07147854693473606, 0.008007659725245763, -0.051082524511832414, -0.11440006720054655, 0.07152061535206171, 0.4122066726684788, -0.28031973933463383, -0.2879907425754426, 0.12567140479716446, -0.2717016593768256, -0.09532011235514057, 0.17981406427070237, -0.07243066280535614, 0.036723447748465324, 0.05639114367301788, -0.0009584799953545743, -0.016163394651620797, -0.15536943002337078, 0.2614601343674095, 0.07831213610758733, 0.2549466081726098, 0.04636761674123724, 0.09841805376583569, -0.05028720927419283, -0.03477556173613415, -0.00906840579486207, -0.08957544116069133, 0.06222323598054221, 0.2732492758734533, 0.057307292611953636, 0.24961360726622614, -0.4368841345176885, -0.26866035281043305, 0.10845027115517324, 0.12368825853431913, 0.14013357005577007, -0.054960970165022806, -0.27105324212679566, 0.028438628856800714, -0.10676302413091238, -0.13995638070083413, -0.0010925573964020488, -0.028392267058064278, 0.003764974409496488, -0.24061823113513728, 0.059597645061123264, 0.028469550183685553, 0.08527885836532764, -0.0690341083692354, -0.0863973928767948, -0.01692302133179983, 0.10833101584684997, -0.002608989260557015, 0.047894780777329414, 0.20536342952999542, -0.08807536249855065, -0.019062156115702153, 0.3984347056877957, -0.08430564791176534, -0.17428708608787813, 0.1706243705594019, -0.15111209093511366, -0.09492147768635237, 0.26317893260850284, 0.1721632848098896, 0.07557135794722959, -0.19493003399724043, 0.014229754511231546, 0.0201482462168437, 0.2207854307850289, 0.1321418603544521, 0.0210673586459972, 0.22964177101603553, 0.16212865800599496, 0.06320824164200073, 0.18715068598329607, -0.13783042730112718, -0.011856544602183048, -0.2503714490200567, -0.12841962556469075, -0.1825517867228877, 0.02305449339929132, -0.017810399411841874, -0.15108309018191451, 0.40504933921729175, 0.10847038223611719, 0.18337117906316722, -0.04743888349631768, 0.36181393716680377, 0.07784797971161377, 0.09526560850623908, 0.004785767902091843, 0.23618111515786003, 0.10636412785579151, 0.12808095391128996, -0.21712717169906662, 0.08744262851099348, -9.719826409059484e-05]
710.3622
Hyperon-nucleon potentials from lattice QCD
We calculate $p\Xi^0$ potentials from the equal-time Bethe-Salpeter amplitude measured in the quenched QCD simulation with the spatial lattice volume, (4.4 fm)$^3$. The standard Wilson gauge action with the gauge coupling $\beta=5.7$ on $32^4$ lattice together with the standard Wilson quark action are used. The hopping parameter $\kappa_{ud}=0.1678$ is chosen for $u$ and $d$ quarks, which corresponds to $m_{\pi}\simeq 0.37$ GeV. The physical strange quark mass is used by taking the parameter $\kappa_s=0.1643$ which is deduced from the physical $K$ meson mass. The lattice spacing $a=0.1420$ fm is determined by the physical $\rho$ meson mass. We find that the $p\Xi^0$ potential has strong spin dependence. Strong repulsive core is found in $^1S_0$ channel while the effective central potential in the $^3S_1$ channel has relatively weak repulsive core. The potentials also have weak attractive parts in the medium to long distance region (0.6 fm $\lsim r \lsim 1.2$ fm) in both of the $^1S_0$ and $^3S_1$ channels.
hep-lat
we calculate pxi0 potentials from the equaltime bethesalpeter amplitude measured in the quenched qcd simulation with the spatial lattice volume 44 fm3 the standard wilson gauge action with the gauge coupling beta57 on 324 lattice together with the standard wilson quark action are used the hopping parameter kappa_ud01678 is chosen for u and d quarks which corresponds to m_pisimeq 037 gev the physical strange quark mass is used by taking the parameter kappa_s01643 which is deduced from the physical k meson mass the lattice spacing a01420 fm is determined by the physical rho meson mass we find that the pxi0 potential has strong spin dependence strong repulsive core is found in 1s_0 channel while the effective central potential in the 3s_1 channel has relatively weak repulsive core the potentials also have weak attractive parts in the medium to long distance region 06 fm lsim r lsim 12 fm in both of the 1s_0 and 3s_1 channels
[['we', 'calculate', 'pxi0', 'potentials', 'from', 'the', 'equaltime', 'bethesalpeter', 'amplitude', 'measured', 'in', 'the', 'quenched', 'qcd', 'simulation', 'with', 'the', 'spatial', 'lattice', 'volume', '44', 'fm3', 'the', 'standard', 'wilson', 'gauge', 'action', 'with', 'the', 'gauge', 'coupling', 'beta57', 'on', '324', 'lattice', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'standard', 'wilson', 'quark', 'action', 'are', 'used', 'the', 'hopping', 'parameter', 'kappa_ud01678', 'is', 'chosen', 'for', 'u', 'and', 'd', 'quarks', 'which', 'corresponds', 'to', 'm_pisimeq', '037', 'gev', 'the', 'physical', 'strange', 'quark', 'mass', 'is', 'used', 'by', 'taking', 'the', 'parameter', 'kappa_s01643', 'which', 'is', 'deduced', 'from', 'the', 'physical', 'k', 'meson', 'mass', 'the', 'lattice', 'spacing', 'a01420', 'fm', 'is', 'determined', 'by', 'the', 'physical', 'rho', 'meson', 'mass', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'pxi0', 'potential', 'has', 'strong', 'spin', 'dependence', 'strong', 'repulsive', 'core', 'is', 'found', 'in', '1s_0', 'channel', 'while', 'the', 'effective', 'central', 'potential', 'in', 'the', '3s_1', 'channel', 'has', 'relatively', 'weak', 'repulsive', 'core', 'the', 'potentials', 'also', 'have', 'weak', 'attractive', 'parts', 'in', 'the', 'medium', 'to', 'long', 'distance', 'region', '06', 'fm', 'lsim', 'r', 'lsim', '12', 'fm', 'in', 'both', 'of', 'the', '1s_0', 'and', '3s_1', 'channels']]
[-0.13868559457459093, 0.2733396366877737, -0.05935635602746914, 0.08872294700567555, -0.011265558610652007, -0.1591504722638847, 0.07283341608259802, 0.3807939569788431, -0.17104431813935828, -0.23116483686497935, -0.005706890979994795, -0.2970672935442208, 0.021388235404551807, 0.060917871909861275, 0.09482249540708247, 0.04906040494135441, 0.025282831600824604, 0.07114178775292304, -0.10536085831433584, -0.18937603545259513, 0.30804214869424995, -0.021292872997792135, 0.22054221156034984, 0.1836033896573521, 0.016116122862786738, 0.025490876007216428, 0.018930485995571598, -0.07636502963716006, -0.13358688386320935, 0.00896033432541622, 0.14885626130910845, -0.06332700507901, 0.15085733238778082, -0.30130986566807516, -0.17850227760199724, 0.08316378433598218, 0.14786130790689997, 0.0717396025783291, 0.02002447509751625, -0.3367242732030504, 0.09273155249375241, -0.20362738405469977, -0.1462928782912653, -0.05385841926547632, 0.07897830238943201, -0.02117623380283381, -0.34489164389426413, 0.13515765007602026, -0.06955688563708119, 0.044669118155938346, -0.03576201164571483, -0.2437117143223683, -0.058642243018398196, 0.07936639112901259, 0.07343835504786446, 0.16527601058771407, 0.14456891020443413, -0.13862452206652295, -0.025846599473380576, 0.4498259093417646, -0.10121729122048695, -0.14673933363576674, 0.1653979095741437, -0.17052450712794573, -0.06205533096700712, 0.1447692186394942, 0.13767758674091762, 0.026653556268832652, -0.1791493625142703, 0.14601122763150925, -0.03146397445375234, 0.23928924286555425, 0.08655046480190423, 0.06130765702611968, 0.21495368629937467, 0.14907293431871735, -0.01880158253129742, 0.07018080902981322, -0.11894796898868544, -0.12897995609662258, -0.3059702401773797, -0.017928882861156868, -0.17782843787393537, 0.07314092293381691, -0.17824983598304506, -0.09033902834954799, 0.31408139576928484, 0.11109236265636152, 0.21232568478102193, 0.0012190246823688153, 0.2306764205595101, 0.10212503279881929, 0.1287980648701146, 0.07295699820137017, 0.3087963394339811, 0.23542938762788776, 0.155449144300256, -0.305948901385848, -0.07596071519024573, 0.10532875414755122]
710.3623
Subsonic Flows for the Full Euler Equations in Half Plane
We study the subsonic flows governed by full Euler equations in the half plane bounded below by a piecewise smooth curve asymptotically approaching x1-axis. Nonconstant conditions in the far field are prescribed to ensure the real Euler flows. The Euler system is reduced to a single elliptic equation for the stream function. The existence, uniqueness and asymptotic behaviors of the solutions for the reduced equation are established by Schauder fixed point argument and some delicate estimates. The existence of subsonic flows for the original Euler system is proved based on the results for the reduced equation, and their asymptotic behaviors in the far field are also obtained.
math.AP
we study the subsonic flows governed by full euler equations in the half plane bounded below by a piecewise smooth curve asymptotically approaching x1axis nonconstant conditions in the far field are prescribed to ensure the real euler flows the euler system is reduced to a single elliptic equation for the stream function the existence uniqueness and asymptotic behaviors of the solutions for the reduced equation are established by schauder fixed point argument and some delicate estimates the existence of subsonic flows for the original euler system is proved based on the results for the reduced equation and their asymptotic behaviors in the far field are also obtained
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'subsonic', 'flows', 'governed', 'by', 'full', 'euler', 'equations', 'in', 'the', 'half', 'plane', 'bounded', 'below', 'by', 'a', 'piecewise', 'smooth', 'curve', 'asymptotically', 'approaching', 'x1axis', 'nonconstant', 'conditions', 'in', 'the', 'far', 'field', 'are', 'prescribed', 'to', 'ensure', 'the', 'real', 'euler', 'flows', 'the', 'euler', 'system', 'is', 'reduced', 'to', 'a', 'single', 'elliptic', 'equation', 'for', 'the', 'stream', 'function', 'the', 'existence', 'uniqueness', 'and', 'asymptotic', 'behaviors', 'of', 'the', 'solutions', 'for', 'the', 'reduced', 'equation', 'are', 'established', 'by', 'schauder', 'fixed', 'point', 'argument', 'and', 'some', 'delicate', 'estimates', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'subsonic', 'flows', 'for', 'the', 'original', 'euler', 'system', 'is', 'proved', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'reduced', 'equation', 'and', 'their', 'asymptotic', 'behaviors', 'in', 'the', 'far', 'field', 'are', 'also', 'obtained']]
[-0.20955101882089983, 0.07460162474527815, -0.1127545594958202, 0.07832435599554612, -0.06163522015097288, -0.12495392883407339, -0.002491085245361868, 0.2621106241460679, -0.2943813618017747, -0.22852039340672628, 0.17005843813377344, -0.2832073147830395, -0.09930933409651636, 0.24438019815551223, -0.04741054775087901, 0.13026988820638508, 0.060029341681104784, 0.01739546181721929, -0.1082240952055831, -0.2325830481735603, 0.37608850093663865, -0.04802806468961655, 0.2521845927321405, 0.011191224978076961, 0.1527067890461042, -0.04721348915899278, 0.010362754136605083, 0.02452636693652614, -0.21072956615672359, 0.04223914290690478, 0.22318766278408045, 0.04105520734721619, 0.26333141773236246, -0.4095526492434009, -0.22699405468192022, 0.08759662692593236, 0.15620891790714045, 0.07319559221911542, -0.03051972041842264, -0.28669211327291605, 0.15085941031663064, -0.07369883442385439, -0.26403130553574916, -0.03948656044338109, -0.0015874677535392485, 0.11515839914308053, -0.24078913260567583, 0.07845198218727194, 0.08661515568822341, 0.08718597109622832, -0.13714254399946066, -0.08153853034556685, -0.07748310154585063, 0.10799716336143045, 0.07498229024184973, 0.014942402272696062, 0.06399052159175417, -0.17806423055271636, -0.017949701420839806, 0.3487292525604508, -0.0874565256647502, -0.29623807240980415, 0.15474373689316706, -0.14992383070167084, -0.042988039970503385, 0.19565220040111048, 0.1354228402400073, 0.1680877422474606, -0.10871314153707815, 0.10910934303230431, -0.08631242182158497, 0.09216015293171743, 0.08415516167615522, -0.06220443038059012, 0.11317131164009278, 0.09100154746172265, 0.12007247784860292, 0.10970282128282804, 0.012679825943262089, -0.16062827827189258, -0.3393951003123426, -0.14166170965774721, -0.16455008908073893, 0.08279863306549641, -0.12957463602775396, -0.18667381645162712, 0.3561050183016737, 0.07886796196887516, 0.15047729979181346, 0.09313981522770845, 0.27042197805987495, 0.22627724845946398, -0.04486318291131987, 0.1320712281443741, 0.2560317895503139, 0.1604682247347708, 0.14125557910686112, -0.21696097925876462, 0.0668534821839476, 0.18579705972002078]
710.3624
Cosmology of Gravitino LSP Scenario with Right-Handed Sneutrino NLSP
We consider supersymmetric model with right-handed (s)neutrinos where the neutrino masses are purely Dirac-type. We discuss cosmology based on such a scenario, paying particular attention to the case that the gravitino is the lightest superparticles (LSP) while the right-handed sneutrino is the next-LSP. It will be shown that the cosmological constraints on the gravitino-LSP scenario (in particular, those from the big-bang nucleosynthesis) are drastically relaxed in such a case. We will also consider the implication of such scenario to the structure formation.
hep-ph
we consider supersymmetric model with righthanded sneutrinos where the neutrino masses are purely diractype we discuss cosmology based on such a scenario paying particular attention to the case that the gravitino is the lightest superparticles lsp while the righthanded sneutrino is the nextlsp it will be shown that the cosmological constraints on the gravitinolsp scenario in particular those from the bigbang nucleosynthesis are drastically relaxed in such a case we will also consider the implication of such scenario to the structure formation
[['we', 'consider', 'supersymmetric', 'model', 'with', 'righthanded', 'sneutrinos', 'where', 'the', 'neutrino', 'masses', 'are', 'purely', 'diractype', 'we', 'discuss', 'cosmology', 'based', 'on', 'such', 'a', 'scenario', 'paying', 'particular', 'attention', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'that', 'the', 'gravitino', 'is', 'the', 'lightest', 'superparticles', 'lsp', 'while', 'the', 'righthanded', 'sneutrino', 'is', 'the', 'nextlsp', 'it', 'will', 'be', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'gravitinolsp', 'scenario', 'in', 'particular', 'those', 'from', 'the', 'bigbang', 'nucleosynthesis', 'are', 'drastically', 'relaxed', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'case', 'we', 'will', 'also', 'consider', 'the', 'implication', 'of', 'such', 'scenario', 'to', 'the', 'structure', 'formation']]
[-0.1077608672392671, 0.22516636665677653, -0.013259022776037455, 0.19952627906168346, -0.11935031667235307, -0.1612779440009035, -0.015413201175397262, 0.34454768743889874, -0.2403204868431203, -0.27702664844691754, 0.09925201484584249, -0.2781980304396711, -0.07160237338393927, 0.15481383250735234, -0.02741531769861467, 0.004344363906420767, 0.08372687590890564, 0.056372321565868334, -0.04766007470316254, -0.28290548199147453, 0.34879134986549615, 0.05501206998596899, 0.17520150346681476, 0.048516739188926294, -0.022881875390885396, -0.06008934853016399, 0.011901925277197734, -0.0785850839689374, -0.12237225399094313, 0.043225017259828746, 0.13876208050642164, 0.12601520717144013, 0.14758978016034235, -0.40822563506662846, -0.2275697756325826, 0.23004722481709905, 0.15343165455851704, 0.13131519404414577, -0.1199775935296202, -0.2822499959671404, 0.08180538336164318, -0.22738923508441075, -0.06306973294995259, 0.015718027174079906, -0.07619094012770802, -0.11873282068481786, -0.2919709211542795, 0.07954402735595067, -0.03755846766289324, -0.1377682071120944, -0.03820620429469272, -0.14316155628475827, -0.07673721007886343, -0.014406884281197564, 0.1879368174370029, -0.08829942402080633, 0.14124308913887945, -0.17573971156962215, -0.0840202828636393, 0.5007757470011711, -0.0863785562949488, -0.19598307659034617, 0.14941417438385543, -0.15411936959135347, -0.2186774480214808, 0.006957639689790085, 0.15486382944509386, 0.13255823086947202, -0.12156606996504707, 0.2070066171698272, -0.09129155831178651, 0.13819117021630517, 0.04904004607815295, 0.04059389540925622, 0.3352772529353388, 0.23834765444116784, 0.09114046355825849, 0.08013742101466051, -0.05852207727730274, -0.09662893821951002, -0.38447561182547363, -0.10484633297892287, -0.06752289667201694, 0.05043550746049732, -0.06889808353153057, -0.09611673601866641, 0.40233995228772984, 0.17179128046846018, 0.24343896284117364, 0.026446348638273776, 0.29932570941746234, 0.07880650938022882, 0.030358759185764937, 0.011288236372638493, 0.34210078372852876, 0.09786757010733708, 0.10932964463427197, -0.22496639229066204, -5.3434754954651e-05, 0.062313933100085706]
710.3625
Lattice calculation of the QGP viscosities - Present results and next project -
The shear and bulk viscosities of gluon plasma are calculated by accumulating a large amount of data for the Matsubara Green function ($G_{\beta}(t_m)$) on isotropic $24^3 \times 8$ and $16^3 \times 8$ lattices. In the case of Iwasaki's improved action, the calculations of $G_{\beta}(t_m)$ are carried out on roughly 6 million configurations, while for the standard action the calculations are done on more than 16 million configurations. The shear viscosities increase roughly with $T^3$, and $\eta/s$ ratios are close to the KSS lower bound in the region where $1<T/T_c<25$. Using these data the bulk viscosities are also determined in the region where $T/T_c < 2$. They are roughly one order of magnitude smaller than the shear viscosities. Our next target is to determine the transport coefficients more precisely by a maximum-entropy method. For this purpose the most effective method may be to adopt an anisotropic lattice. In this report, we study the possible systematic error due to the deformation of the anisotropic lattice at short distances. Near the critical temperature, it is found that the standard action suffers from a large deformation on the anisotropic lattice at short distances, while the deformation is slight for Iwasaki's improved action. To reduce the fluctuation of the Matsubara Green function, the improvement of the energy momentum tensor operator by using clover-type loops is promising. We are also attempting to apply the multi-level algorithm to reduce fluctuation.
hep-lat
the shear and bulk viscosities of gluon plasma are calculated by accumulating a large amount of data for the matsubara green function g_betat_m on isotropic 243 times 8 and 163 times 8 lattices in the case of iwasakis improved action the calculations of g_betat_m are carried out on roughly 6 million configurations while for the standard action the calculations are done on more than 16 million configurations the shear viscosities increase roughly with t3 and etas ratios are close to the kss lower bound in the region where 1tt_c25 using these data the bulk viscosities are also determined in the region where tt_c 2 they are roughly one order of magnitude smaller than the shear viscosities our next target is to determine the transport coefficients more precisely by a maximumentropy method for this purpose the most effective method may be to adopt an anisotropic lattice in this report we study the possible systematic error due to the deformation of the anisotropic lattice at short distances near the critical temperature it is found that the standard action suffers from a large deformation on the anisotropic lattice at short distances while the deformation is slight for iwasakis improved action to reduce the fluctuation of the matsubara green function the improvement of the energy momentum tensor operator by using clovertype loops is promising we are also attempting to apply the multilevel algorithm to reduce fluctuation
[['the', 'shear', 'and', 'bulk', 'viscosities', 'of', 'gluon', 'plasma', 'are', 'calculated', 'by', 'accumulating', 'a', 'large', 'amount', 'of', 'data', 'for', 'the', 'matsubara', 'green', 'function', 'g_betat_m', 'on', 'isotropic', '243', 'times', '8', 'and', '163', 'times', '8', 'lattices', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'iwasakis', 'improved', 'action', 'the', 'calculations', 'of', 'g_betat_m', 'are', 'carried', 'out', 'on', 'roughly', '6', 'million', 'configurations', 'while', 'for', 'the', 'standard', 'action', 'the', 'calculations', 'are', 'done', 'on', 'more', 'than', '16', 'million', 'configurations', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosities', 'increase', 'roughly', 'with', 't3', 'and', 'etas', 'ratios', 'are', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'kss', 'lower', 'bound', 'in', 'the', 'region', 'where', '1tt_c25', 'using', 'these', 'data', 'the', 'bulk', 'viscosities', 'are', 'also', 'determined', 'in', 'the', 'region', 'where', 'tt_c', '2', 'they', 'are', 'roughly', 'one', 'order', 'of', 'magnitude', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosities', 'our', 'next', 'target', 'is', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'transport', 'coefficients', 'more', 'precisely', 'by', 'a', 'maximumentropy', 'method', 'for', 'this', 'purpose', 'the', 'most', 'effective', 'method', 'may', 'be', 'to', 'adopt', 'an', 'anisotropic', 'lattice', 'in', 'this', 'report', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'possible', 'systematic', 'error', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'deformation', 'of', 'the', 'anisotropic', 'lattice', 'at', 'short', 'distances', 'near', 'the', 'critical', 'temperature', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'standard', 'action', 'suffers', 'from', 'a', 'large', 'deformation', 'on', 'the', 'anisotropic', 'lattice', 'at', 'short', 'distances', 'while', 'the', 'deformation', 'is', 'slight', 'for', 'iwasakis', 'improved', 'action', 'to', 'reduce', 'the', 'fluctuation', 'of', 'the', 'matsubara', 'green', 'function', 'the', 'improvement', 'of', 'the', 'energy', 'momentum', 'tensor', 'operator', 'by', 'using', 'clovertype', 'loops', 'is', 'promising', 'we', 'are', 'also', 'attempting', 'to', 'apply', 'the', 'multilevel', 'algorithm', 'to', 'reduce', 'fluctuation']]
[-0.10843763605482253, 0.17418962836708918, -0.07032148916651762, 0.05676344652339151, -0.0128128267024615, -0.06727354650873904, 0.03716250941863013, 0.36401393166066265, -0.2274015276935895, -0.30683405645856315, 0.09953442533471774, -0.3049845760442021, -0.06834374478349405, 0.20077079160463082, 0.0011146219900095352, 0.043933239359806586, 0.04162718983324007, 0.03761042782519883, -0.1116065183992391, -0.2684350625021047, 0.2893322477617715, 0.08111557228252751, 0.2975638369447039, 0.06429424438223505, 0.04230041283445375, -0.01769963644818292, -0.04176077784125238, 0.03467384989820585, -0.15671185661954903, 0.10565000755244677, 0.19791561955717363, -0.0072232290398789, 0.19643321257527704, -0.39526064667259936, -0.19331666314923143, 0.06385035791930779, 0.11482887581813392, 0.12576638398248915, 0.04217940976319882, -0.2022182408521272, 0.10882852081412507, -0.15913532187932455, -0.12666642918591983, -0.07537477751137352, 0.047078035172846346, -0.023918149977951157, -0.26428167399281577, 0.1461372388464487, -0.002812194085109667, 0.04910512693734821, -0.05732497735470041, -0.1781774873512957, -0.02364782441821819, 0.09988155519786714, 0.07803476172692188, 0.09427802429518084, 0.14490705177122276, -0.12630586705215702, -0.044992506346103245, 0.39191726741220984, -0.0756821323788493, -0.1771051502105265, 0.17766454916689464, -0.16911428147775126, -0.09441037547347927, 0.1885350454200699, 0.16243028000514084, 0.13033300074482015, -0.15170057515289617, 0.043235766205224846, 0.0059757301489523065, 0.1536738434314137, 0.08371968059041558, 0.0005316195511033488, 0.18059351981211338, 0.1481737452559173, 0.05573157606121267, 0.1343791776573663, -0.10337482045695907, -0.09191720981365234, -0.2933657953129991, -0.10851235567035138, -0.18406989693534992, 0.0657411845757868, -0.1368306530699147, -0.11850069569719192, 0.35675436125797455, 0.14584155728484582, 0.20664357822896126, 0.05652294284151252, 0.2574306554735396, 0.11821376018704116, 0.11925105385314098, 0.09483374330412088, 0.2711516368174146, 0.10535628523673485, 0.09539015498627716, -0.23737867568447235, -0.018142631053842506, 0.07434934077862371]
710.3626
Twenty Years of Searching for (and Finding) Globular Cluster Pulsars
Globular clusters produce orders of magnitude more millisecond pulsars per unit mass than the Galactic disk. Since the first cluster pulsar was uncovered twenty years ago, at least 138 have been identified - most of which are binary millisecond pulsars. Because of their origins involving stellar encounters, many of these systems are exotic objects that would never be observed in the Galactic disk. Examples include pulsar-main sequence binaries, extremely rapid rotators (including the current record holder), and millisecond pulsars in highly eccentric orbits. These systems are allowing new probes of the interstellar medium, the equation of state of material at supra-nuclear density, the mass distribution of neutron stars, and the dynamics of globular clusters.
astro-ph
globular clusters produce orders of magnitude more millisecond pulsars per unit mass than the galactic disk since the first cluster pulsar was uncovered twenty years ago at least 138 have been identified most of which are binary millisecond pulsars because of their origins involving stellar encounters many of these systems are exotic objects that would never be observed in the galactic disk examples include pulsarmain sequence binaries extremely rapid rotators including the current record holder and millisecond pulsars in highly eccentric orbits these systems are allowing new probes of the interstellar medium the equation of state of material at supranuclear density the mass distribution of neutron stars and the dynamics of globular clusters
[['globular', 'clusters', 'produce', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'more', 'millisecond', 'pulsars', 'per', 'unit', 'mass', 'than', 'the', 'galactic', 'disk', 'since', 'the', 'first', 'cluster', 'pulsar', 'was', 'uncovered', 'twenty', 'years', 'ago', 'at', 'least', '138', 'have', 'been', 'identified', 'most', 'of', 'which', 'are', 'binary', 'millisecond', 'pulsars', 'because', 'of', 'their', 'origins', 'involving', 'stellar', 'encounters', 'many', 'of', 'these', 'systems', 'are', 'exotic', 'objects', 'that', 'would', 'never', 'be', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'galactic', 'disk', 'examples', 'include', 'pulsarmain', 'sequence', 'binaries', 'extremely', 'rapid', 'rotators', 'including', 'the', 'current', 'record', 'holder', 'and', 'millisecond', 'pulsars', 'in', 'highly', 'eccentric', 'orbits', 'these', 'systems', 'are', 'allowing', 'new', 'probes', 'of', 'the', 'interstellar', 'medium', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'of', 'material', 'at', 'supranuclear', 'density', 'the', 'mass', 'distribution', 'of', 'neutron', 'stars', 'and', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'globular', 'clusters']]
[-0.1254936641936573, 0.19844228134856426, -0.06312801060058908, 0.136165727252124, -0.13681397992019942, -0.038616950099822134, 0.03799981667387848, 0.37858206492715646, -0.18131194033880352, -0.378162446964, 0.06276428533497633, -0.3235233381523618, -0.00498454793289836, 0.3074765011136021, -0.00161511663048129, 0.001817728315862561, 0.12114719161763787, -0.03552349401018416, -0.02678220103656973, -0.3232415054568004, 0.29225013536935357, 0.02491629365249537, 0.04971154237033001, -0.12211042704542965, 0.10567309549151105, -0.11382289067426297, -0.025555817339669114, -0.06775136065802403, -0.09993313151926486, 0.05997641125265675, 0.24591875590184437, 0.11622047587089972, 0.1963171431707451, -0.4277097370275961, -0.24464071983987065, 0.07967082382154851, 0.2276724391641827, 0.04716599244836418, -0.07292032477419395, -0.26755055277629125, 0.086935495625117, -0.2508045425586585, -0.21105994782244256, 0.0025988422722938204, 0.10841363364098859, 0.11313905859216382, -0.10482706708301391, 0.1539484558940915, 0.05061449518585245, 0.04590881070076388, -0.14466511814264646, -0.156008899178622, 0.005146632727701217, 0.06042356391636921, 0.07148707762826234, 0.053914948027730655, 0.17773715051173763, -0.14087069758014487, -0.08208775634245415, 0.40255840002126725, 0.02623234463677753, 0.020886388574061648, 0.263552907567438, -0.2828287627323464, -0.21081012142089353, 0.1485704361527626, 0.17907229170084196, 0.16771606108730858, -0.23394724303424091, -0.006244206828081847, -0.009169311683633299, 0.20807136034792556, 0.10779549551131952, 0.10004091496687449, 0.3931221173843369, 0.14120347402110514, 0.04870738547417984, 0.06407190279216073, -0.21988523292488285, -0.07439504939247854, -0.12629152082912956, -0.07814192463203133, -0.1131374154439462, 0.08753660605413772, -0.12714259148482857, -0.1382554060214066, 0.33387396260513924, 0.05977569635225726, 0.15568855342072702, -0.015687482287051222, 0.24662530215157727, 0.09150859819991249, 0.11027961433449361, 0.14648465831331642, 0.328202021445447, 0.21483634887096872, 0.08027767923028607, -0.18952655508266097, 0.13536471608261177, -0.03544811366009526]
710.3627
Homotopy on spatial graphs and generalized Sato-Levine invariants
Edge-homotopy and vertex-homotopy are equivalence relations on spatial graphs which are generalizations of Milnor's link-homotopy. Fleming and the author introduced some edge (resp. vertex)-homotopy invariants of spatial graphs by applying the Sato-Levine invariant for the constituent 2-component algebraically split links. In this paper, we construct some new edge (resp. vertex)-homotopy invariants of spatial graphs without any restriction of linking numbers of the constituent 2-component links by applying the generalized Sato-Levine invariant.
math.GT
edgehomotopy and vertexhomotopy are equivalence relations on spatial graphs which are generalizations of milnors linkhomotopy fleming and the author introduced some edge resp vertexhomotopy invariants of spatial graphs by applying the satolevine invariant for the constituent 2component algebraically split links in this paper we construct some new edge resp vertexhomotopy invariants of spatial graphs without any restriction of linking numbers of the constituent 2component links by applying the generalized satolevine invariant
[['edgehomotopy', 'and', 'vertexhomotopy', 'are', 'equivalence', 'relations', 'on', 'spatial', 'graphs', 'which', 'are', 'generalizations', 'of', 'milnors', 'linkhomotopy', 'fleming', 'and', 'the', 'author', 'introduced', 'some', 'edge', 'resp', 'vertexhomotopy', 'invariants', 'of', 'spatial', 'graphs', 'by', 'applying', 'the', 'satolevine', 'invariant', 'for', 'the', 'constituent', '2component', 'algebraically', 'split', 'links', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'construct', 'some', 'new', 'edge', 'resp', 'vertexhomotopy', 'invariants', 'of', 'spatial', 'graphs', 'without', 'any', 'restriction', 'of', 'linking', 'numbers', 'of', 'the', 'constituent', '2component', 'links', 'by', 'applying', 'the', 'generalized', 'satolevine', 'invariant']]
[-0.2535138035350492, 0.14566721129034396, -0.06519335900551416, 0.11397612025849783, -0.1333878152859463, -0.17949642965071638, 0.005517274851281144, 0.30805887874793, -0.2842938569702313, -0.31394400665352884, 0.06989910190393754, -0.2483758919898578, -0.17891295705462845, 0.09984387268482799, -0.09823968329034011, 0.03559669803641081, 0.031688297082158465, 0.04919754427818345, -0.06272235745564103, -0.26509820741050366, 0.42719542595859566, -0.07378341275116455, 0.2063379534716967, 0.07714130863724408, 0.09921267508647182, 0.038406463307131766, -0.12083042948178842, 0.04217663869051866, -0.19853993594436578, 0.16226235262944666, 0.21528383221109987, 0.05662597487123132, 0.12740661914158666, -0.3382207152079528, -0.1436091729662788, 0.18369210646553358, 0.13816454303188538, 0.001359013876628498, 0.0440742558993163, -0.3308960148461268, 0.156813528919986, -0.16640039698653658, -0.13221029070219104, -0.07722414757820292, 0.04746266745824472, 0.07280846999984392, -0.1741388123400483, 0.025623789745789598, 0.13741411507444481, 0.1369347974107089, 0.022971033053079123, -0.09083723730709352, -0.08920699714118956, 0.11549900575790187, -0.03815274690868149, -0.005437967728193797, 0.018223128570112546, -0.11351759850808328, -0.2022479101884323, 0.3167299280389094, -0.005214688286978857, -0.2752914903291934, 0.12647707626538376, -0.0450742991352585, -0.2285180792186252, 0.0849816275262077, 0.04881894364821869, 0.0939505165836341, -0.08346409906803721, 0.12022429467080502, -0.10759116954524332, 0.044995378419219086, 0.21567044317932196, 0.050156506972098856, 0.13321315509621318, -0.011867988015144644, 0.057820034449474075, 0.19925513902915196, 0.024376231596582164, -0.0602403000836641, -0.28548896685242653, -0.19417435168223063, -0.131279873307532, 0.06374899712456784, -0.15164966940917535, -0.1155136069676406, 0.4319762677400255, 0.0573266618950686, 0.16133132327715277, 0.20006024946530782, 0.22651104911387912, 0.058414712781086564, 0.08428215075441649, 0.12540349564318296, 0.0759415419773907, 0.24865565950733046, 0.005507218408804964, -0.10144042584415473, -0.0082911839118411, 0.24217264075488062]
710.3628
Universal Baxterization for $\mathbb{Z}$-graded Hopf algebras
We present a method for Baxterizing solutions of the constant Yang-Baxter equation associated with $\mathbb{Z}$-graded Hopf algebras. To demonstrate the approach, we provide examples for the Taft algebras and the quantum group $U_q[sl(2)]$.
math.QA
we present a method for baxterizing solutions of the constant yangbaxter equation associated with mathbbzgraded hopf algebras to demonstrate the approach we provide examples for the taft algebras and the quantum group u_qsl2
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'method', 'for', 'baxterizing', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'constant', 'yangbaxter', 'equation', 'associated', 'with', 'mathbbzgraded', 'hopf', 'algebras', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'approach', 'we', 'provide', 'examples', 'for', 'the', 'taft', 'algebras', 'and', 'the', 'quantum', 'group', 'u_qsl2']]
[-0.15243614744395018, -0.008947754802647978, -0.06295970274368301, 0.04296530535793863, -0.13903408165788278, -0.19262720584811177, -0.03750040843442548, 0.3660751553834416, -0.36827147426083684, -0.17228850786341354, 0.13554218427452724, -0.27278967830352485, -0.22888706100638956, 0.24081038375152275, -0.08149541707825847, -0.002672826696652919, 0.11601923103444278, 0.13362674530890217, -0.13393472429015674, -0.25344446464441717, 0.4353789675515145, -0.02840752454721951, 0.21475388741237111, 0.009711828533909284, 0.1908245570375584, -0.048783164558699355, 0.011525248875841498, -0.044285536860115826, -0.25259335673763417, 0.1170883639715612, 0.29445236617175397, 0.04321020020870492, 0.20688320815679617, -0.35070469172205776, -0.09789688882301562, 0.0932625226851087, 0.15941676212241873, 0.16034339769976214, -0.08436902100220323, -0.3430844421964139, 0.07552853334345855, -0.2878301132004708, -0.17174638767028227, -0.14241100841900334, 0.018450521223712713, -0.01903054240392521, -0.24332550505641848, 0.08342696986801457, 0.04527916619554162, 0.08067606331314892, -0.13968428250518627, -0.08479345863452181, -0.014421700383536518, 0.07259123741823714, -0.09753092104801908, -0.05296321012428962, 0.089595287485281, -0.11209956184029579, -0.2318693699198775, 0.35742697957903147, -0.008487951941788197, -0.2555136726878118, 0.0888109343686665, -0.14775002471287735, -0.18206299403391313, 0.05705981349456124, 0.04772059571405407, 0.13340835622511804, -0.02715842574252747, 0.19014315135245852, -0.07468982774298638, 0.0007576590869575739, 0.004841695394134149, -0.01504733131150715, 0.10642399622884113, 0.09556068319943734, 0.032726573932450265, 0.17284052644390613, 0.07385941457869194, -0.0699662989936769, -0.3856095166411251, -0.22176008313545026, -0.026665579935070127, 0.12790174467954785, -0.09969689809031479, -0.1837984195444733, 0.4196141541469842, 0.18775340705178678, 0.12553425543592311, 0.1409073712711688, 0.16502007539384067, 0.11705674964468926, 0.11769502319657477, 0.06158191116992384, 0.12971331039443612, 0.3084708923706785, 0.04932584223570302, -0.20471148772048764, -0.12721572812006343, 0.26147579960525036]
710.3629
Dynamical quark recombination in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions and the proton to pion ratio
We study quark thermal recombination as a function of energy density during the evolution of a heavy-ion collision in a numerical model that reproduces aspects of QCD phenomenology. We show that starting with a set of free quarks (or quarks and antiquarks) the probability to form colorless clusters of three quarks differs from that to form colorless clusters of quark-antiquark and that the former has a sharp jump at a critical energy density whereas the latter transits smoothly from the low to the high energy density domains. We interpret this as a quantitative difference in the production of baryons and mesons with energy density. We use this approach to compute the proton and pion spectra in a Bjorken scenario that incorporates the evolution of these probabilities with energy density, and therefore with proper time. From the spectra, we compute the proton to pion ratio and compare to data at the highest RHIC energies. We show that for a standard choice of parameters, this ratio reaches one, though the maximum is very sensitive to the initial evolution proper time.
hep-ph nucl-th
we study quark thermal recombination as a function of energy density during the evolution of a heavyion collision in a numerical model that reproduces aspects of qcd phenomenology we show that starting with a set of free quarks or quarks and antiquarks the probability to form colorless clusters of three quarks differs from that to form colorless clusters of quarkantiquark and that the former has a sharp jump at a critical energy density whereas the latter transits smoothly from the low to the high energy density domains we interpret this as a quantitative difference in the production of baryons and mesons with energy density we use this approach to compute the proton and pion spectra in a bjorken scenario that incorporates the evolution of these probabilities with energy density and therefore with proper time from the spectra we compute the proton to pion ratio and compare to data at the highest rhic energies we show that for a standard choice of parameters this ratio reaches one though the maximum is very sensitive to the initial evolution proper time
[['we', 'study', 'quark', 'thermal', 'recombination', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'energy', 'density', 'during', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'a', 'heavyion', 'collision', 'in', 'a', 'numerical', 'model', 'that', 'reproduces', 'aspects', 'of', 'qcd', 'phenomenology', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'starting', 'with', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'free', 'quarks', 'or', 'quarks', 'and', 'antiquarks', 'the', 'probability', 'to', 'form', 'colorless', 'clusters', 'of', 'three', 'quarks', 'differs', 'from', 'that', 'to', 'form', 'colorless', 'clusters', 'of', 'quarkantiquark', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'former', 'has', 'a', 'sharp', 'jump', 'at', 'a', 'critical', 'energy', 'density', 'whereas', 'the', 'latter', 'transits', 'smoothly', 'from', 'the', 'low', 'to', 'the', 'high', 'energy', 'density', 'domains', 'we', 'interpret', 'this', 'as', 'a', 'quantitative', 'difference', 'in', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'baryons', 'and', 'mesons', 'with', 'energy', 'density', 'we', 'use', 'this', 'approach', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'proton', 'and', 'pion', 'spectra', 'in', 'a', 'bjorken', 'scenario', 'that', 'incorporates', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'these', 'probabilities', 'with', 'energy', 'density', 'and', 'therefore', 'with', 'proper', 'time', 'from', 'the', 'spectra', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'proton', 'to', 'pion', 'ratio', 'and', 'compare', 'to', 'data', 'at', 'the', 'highest', 'rhic', 'energies', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'a', 'standard', 'choice', 'of', 'parameters', 'this', 'ratio', 'reaches', 'one', 'though', 'the', 'maximum', 'is', 'very', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'initial', 'evolution', 'proper', 'time']]
[-0.051621967395558285, 0.19836237098828083, -0.14974866261224398, 0.10299530542936972, -0.008498375977682516, -0.0527131772342431, 0.07065677382130427, 0.3517259298614488, -0.20624601700489692, -0.27533669959690965, -0.005086454554340604, -0.30619092605840625, -0.0007513150339946151, 0.11802747179597115, 0.04120063947074199, 0.033603806728811074, 0.08845006254124926, 0.05187767627387402, -0.0939571507395444, -0.18300691488188472, 0.35151150633104855, 0.05973129565278173, 0.24265582913407283, 0.12746094942440833, 0.09771095649823232, 0.003571968270580839, 0.007797885852606884, 0.0030262829981786148, -0.13495108909279388, 0.06801400964182351, 0.21296029568099145, 0.07495066960567211, 0.19002762826007863, -0.37132444285023747, -0.19571210666993905, 0.11190837622735272, 0.12217933877424882, 0.12408812289659897, -0.03732826159168244, -0.19536992472209289, 0.09633788185487135, -0.19600512572103757, -0.1598787636710645, -0.06362555558489782, 0.02602442265802136, 0.03864046113351046, -0.30970520951544467, 0.11556342595225472, -0.0525263051026281, -0.020092395857614832, -0.0720009041225454, -0.15470786719828886, -0.06317056889457398, 0.07100237343915518, 0.09763234541188988, 0.07509291685759246, 0.14393067050704292, -0.19524382326485107, -0.08274907389592924, 0.4089482825123862, -0.09395984415189897, -0.13160291810917638, 0.19875001154703956, -0.19840665873705168, -0.13699033315126063, 0.14626225660649245, 0.18790152278111388, 0.0946156603069662, -0.15965028263607553, 0.04538649021274426, -0.024058544641070257, 0.18878522338711898, 0.08846157481056753, 0.034333136973881656, 0.22014435279716768, 0.17196558133549883, 0.01876517701789402, 0.10619015858267968, -0.09877781609722068, -0.10889589858471593, -0.3448833334835225, -0.1373260195989664, -0.16368404022820837, 0.0585376132473224, -0.08663540074992218, -0.1456519638075692, 0.4048616156803465, 0.11906047661401582, 0.27257716737352733, 0.046697487626904934, 0.3166856053232979, 0.12908932236306112, 0.04967334688892274, 0.11945291083787432, 0.2387667788830952, 0.12958483700378892, 0.1571960130894787, -0.26108319830709253, 0.009556588460429666, 0.041665580897775785]
710.363
Scattering for the non-radial 3D cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation
Scattering of radial $H^1$ solutions to the 3D focusing cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation below a mass-energy threshold $M[u]E[u] < M[Q]E[Q]$ and satisfying an initial mass-gradient bound $\|u_0\|_{L^2} \|\nabla u_0 \|_{L^2} < \|Q\|_{L^2} \|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}$, where $Q$ is the ground state, was established in Holmer-Roudenko (2007). In this note, we extend the result in Holmer-Roudenko (2007) to non-radial $H^1$ data. For this, we prove a non-radial profile decomposition involving a spatial translation parameter. Then, in the spirit of Kenig-Merle (2006), we control via momentum conservation the rate of divergence of the spatial translation parameter and by a convexity argument based on a local virial identity deduce scattering. An application to the defocusing case is also mentioned.
math.AP
scattering of radial h1 solutions to the 3d focusing cubic nonlinear schrodinger equation below a massenergy threshold mueu mqeq and satisfying an initial massgradient bound u_0_l2 nabla u_0 _l2 q_l2 nabla q_l2 where q is the ground state was established in holmerroudenko 2007 in this note we extend the result in holmerroudenko 2007 to nonradial h1 data for this we prove a nonradial profile decomposition involving a spatial translation parameter then in the spirit of kenigmerle 2006 we control via momentum conservation the rate of divergence of the spatial translation parameter and by a convexity argument based on a local virial identity deduce scattering an application to the defocusing case is also mentioned
[['scattering', 'of', 'radial', 'h1', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', '3d', 'focusing', 'cubic', 'nonlinear', 'schrodinger', 'equation', 'below', 'a', 'massenergy', 'threshold', 'mueu', 'mqeq', 'and', 'satisfying', 'an', 'initial', 'massgradient', 'bound', 'u_0_l2', 'nabla', 'u_0', '_l2', 'q_l2', 'nabla', 'q_l2', 'where', 'q', 'is', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'was', 'established', 'in', 'holmerroudenko', '2007', 'in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'extend', 'the', 'result', 'in', 'holmerroudenko', '2007', 'to', 'nonradial', 'h1', 'data', 'for', 'this', 'we', 'prove', 'a', 'nonradial', 'profile', 'decomposition', 'involving', 'a', 'spatial', 'translation', 'parameter', 'then', 'in', 'the', 'spirit', 'of', 'kenigmerle', '2006', 'we', 'control', 'via', 'momentum', 'conservation', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'divergence', 'of', 'the', 'spatial', 'translation', 'parameter', 'and', 'by', 'a', 'convexity', 'argument', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'local', 'virial', 'identity', 'deduce', 'scattering', 'an', 'application', 'to', 'the', 'defocusing', 'case', 'is', 'also', 'mentioned']]
[-0.14503289743359865, 0.06868981003130362, -0.09103950977857624, 0.07789909818218023, -0.10994743865947905, -0.10411488908097713, 0.0020046245024007347, 0.2874861182312348, -0.2727178376486076, -0.24147601291354345, 0.09292024410803736, -0.2780270784527862, -0.08028706650449229, 0.15818672929058916, -0.06511229728182245, 0.09546978874069671, 0.03720293968633216, 0.026514620108563185, -0.07474902972483376, -0.22337414843994857, 0.35629195249722606, -0.02546958246966824, 0.24474737818153308, 0.06168072383401783, 0.11981556555110728, 0.027988096794745485, 0.03102855901566467, -0.06836552882201172, -0.2281837994565389, 0.07571034459397197, 0.17600390903368993, 0.0865182935168767, 0.2709689245176768, -0.3671245787658596, -0.1772608798159386, 0.11953793334292381, 0.14056396921763994, 0.08669407927663997, -0.044623076690965845, -0.3076957983160225, 0.05598257868301256, -0.12408953157552917, -0.20361673644427875, -0.04820859847573696, 0.08415505785628088, 0.049075170039681586, -0.3348690373324124, 0.17654609841260285, 0.12000792158817473, 0.04126689329444032, -0.1434330857758011, -0.07746157442618694, -0.0513240805802135, 2.8513438467468533e-07, 0.05167992920282164, 0.09782100586536606, 0.035665631564500345, -0.09946067983816777, -0.041552569207851775, 0.3048977170754889, -0.07037153271293002, -0.2244630696056577, 0.11267994204328195, -0.14492563385699345, -0.1362609880494087, 0.06576923085023216, 0.151806708055249, 0.11818773035026554, -0.11524269194757965, 0.17548380932566943, -0.07809060650262316, 0.199901052442978, 0.1559930853878281, -0.05010837282420003, 0.04062097459973302, 0.10424250147272167, 0.13066189621791377, 0.08719839808223437, -0.08179317775855972, -0.05228038765406901, -0.32671370626693325, -0.14683193992667448, -0.16304287748477822, 0.10392024040941449, -0.07807873854237966, -0.10563392939885878, 0.31644860869606156, 0.07803106569086335, 0.2049599706141245, 0.06425576398448486, 0.23561073823033699, 0.16606197506189346, -0.008010351730003354, 0.11178764149475942, 0.24201970366162381, 0.17871237131060166, 0.1708457290286398, -0.21786051050211036, -0.03165308542416564, 0.1516644129961995]
710.3631
The Interaction of Stellar Objects within a Common Envelope
We use high-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to study the hydrodynamic and gravitational interaction between stellar companions embedded within a differentially rotating common envelope. Specifically, we evaluate the contributions of the nonaxisymmetric gravitational tides and ram pressure forces to the drag force and, hence, to the dissipation rate and the mass accumulated onto the stellar companion. We find that the gravitational drag dominates the hydrodynamic drag during the inspiral phase, leading to the result that a simple prescription based on a gravitational capture radius formalism significantly underestimates the dissipation rate and overestimates the inspiral decay timescale. Although the rate of mass accretion fluctuates significantly, we observe a secular trend leading to an effective rate of mass accretion which is significantly less than the rate based on a gravitational capture radius. The implications of these results are discussed within the context of accretion of compact objects in the common-envelope phase.
astro-ph
we use highresolution threedimensional hydrodynamic simulations to study the hydrodynamic and gravitational interaction between stellar companions embedded within a differentially rotating common envelope specifically we evaluate the contributions of the nonaxisymmetric gravitational tides and ram pressure forces to the drag force and hence to the dissipation rate and the mass accumulated onto the stellar companion we find that the gravitational drag dominates the hydrodynamic drag during the inspiral phase leading to the result that a simple prescription based on a gravitational capture radius formalism significantly underestimates the dissipation rate and overestimates the inspiral decay timescale although the rate of mass accretion fluctuates significantly we observe a secular trend leading to an effective rate of mass accretion which is significantly less than the rate based on a gravitational capture radius the implications of these results are discussed within the context of accretion of compact objects in the commonenvelope phase
[['we', 'use', 'highresolution', 'threedimensional', 'hydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'hydrodynamic', 'and', 'gravitational', 'interaction', 'between', 'stellar', 'companions', 'embedded', 'within', 'a', 'differentially', 'rotating', 'common', 'envelope', 'specifically', 'we', 'evaluate', 'the', 'contributions', 'of', 'the', 'nonaxisymmetric', 'gravitational', 'tides', 'and', 'ram', 'pressure', 'forces', 'to', 'the', 'drag', 'force', 'and', 'hence', 'to', 'the', 'dissipation', 'rate', 'and', 'the', 'mass', 'accumulated', 'onto', 'the', 'stellar', 'companion', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'gravitational', 'drag', 'dominates', 'the', 'hydrodynamic', 'drag', 'during', 'the', 'inspiral', 'phase', 'leading', 'to', 'the', 'result', 'that', 'a', 'simple', 'prescription', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'gravitational', 'capture', 'radius', 'formalism', 'significantly', 'underestimates', 'the', 'dissipation', 'rate', 'and', 'overestimates', 'the', 'inspiral', 'decay', 'timescale', 'although', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'mass', 'accretion', 'fluctuates', 'significantly', 'we', 'observe', 'a', 'secular', 'trend', 'leading', 'to', 'an', 'effective', 'rate', 'of', 'mass', 'accretion', 'which', 'is', 'significantly', 'less', 'than', 'the', 'rate', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'gravitational', 'capture', 'radius', 'the', 'implications', 'of', 'these', 'results', 'are', 'discussed', 'within', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'accretion', 'of', 'compact', 'objects', 'in', 'the', 'commonenvelope', 'phase']]
[-0.1574521164277669, 0.1429053865306471, -0.10061063290718389, 0.10200484724152153, -0.0881932873870372, -0.005151247470387937, 0.014581905339680915, 0.30474492153026966, -0.21608355148645067, -0.2895207736213264, 0.03427849210424323, -0.22985888171211086, -0.09946677365617172, 0.24130425093431226, -0.020907055888627027, -0.011914581079287705, 0.08377606957219541, -0.0034122816790398713, -0.1176529086880839, -0.2210125869700081, 0.33687382736998434, 0.12560985993115684, 0.14140823229870483, 0.036402131770611613, 0.05240270896261004, -0.04258757109307004, -0.061921540666623295, -0.025505800353916915, -0.2101834103614729, 0.014107036700069502, 0.13688723881441056, 0.08331659886155378, 0.23367807150950554, -0.4525653767349148, -0.23199577820235612, 0.05100831823939508, 0.14800409266309864, 0.1381005959332027, -0.08806110231514164, -0.21816495711587974, 0.03144153738646088, -0.2930583397297793, -0.11103688464779249, 0.011979131927915119, 0.09667052749962848, 0.01954898890265188, -0.28690475704953877, 0.17595538624615026, 0.08425060888387363, -0.029946129089473066, -0.12722075881980788, -0.03344716762532354, -0.0744111105529088, 0.07945816188097328, 0.11547741868275192, 0.08605953521328047, 0.2801458100517708, -0.14832251832062004, -0.01681208314540846, 0.40993029432925016, -0.11059148570515194, -0.13083063748136564, 0.2476456999885724, -0.21447043530517132, -0.04885215358494001, 0.18858278586806074, 0.2389798028885412, 0.13255706586740515, -0.1381209126824664, -0.027346042762400356, 0.05065141775097849, 0.2157514248597058, 0.08738475280964898, 0.004352141410817165, 0.3380161504343001, 0.15504268844253258, -0.005920977724992947, 0.08151406299392064, -0.17779404170987373, -0.1132014423854196, -0.22821207089047577, -0.08905300067569466, -0.14261352471894007, 0.044039252516184305, -0.12686455637683408, -0.1215925263115079, 0.3236438212570155, 0.17337048140580993, 0.18622848749588672, 0.07791537331571374, 0.35093753782377857, 0.11715181516971111, 0.09339923494671648, 0.13776538786918832, 0.3829395737769586, 0.16560079820605145, 0.07899736351887318, -0.34139680239762105, 0.04907691024552175, 0.0857802505834607]
710.3632
2-pile Nim with a Restricted Number of Move-size Imitations
We study a variation of the combinatorial game of 2-pile Nim. Move as in 2-pile Nim but with the following constraint: Suppose the previous player has just removed say $x>0$ tokens from the shorter pile (either pile in case they have the same height). If the next player now removes $x$ tokens from the larger pile, then he imitates his opponent. For a predetermined natural number $p$, by the rules of the game, neither player is allowed to imitate his opponent on more than $p-1$ consecutive moves. We prove that the strategy of this game resembles closely that of a variant of Wythoff Nim--a variant with a blocking manoeuvre on $p-1$ diagonal positions. In fact, we show a slightly more general result in which we have relaxed the notion of what an imitation is.
math.CO
we study a variation of the combinatorial game of 2pile nim move as in 2pile nim but with the following constraint suppose the previous player has just removed say x0 tokens from the shorter pile either pile in case they have the same height if the next player now removes x tokens from the larger pile then he imitates his opponent for a predetermined natural number p by the rules of the game neither player is allowed to imitate his opponent on more than p1 consecutive moves we prove that the strategy of this game resembles closely that of a variant of wythoff nima variant with a blocking manoeuvre on p1 diagonal positions in fact we show a slightly more general result in which we have relaxed the notion of what an imitation is
[['we', 'study', 'a', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'combinatorial', 'game', 'of', '2pile', 'nim', 'move', 'as', 'in', '2pile', 'nim', 'but', 'with', 'the', 'following', 'constraint', 'suppose', 'the', 'previous', 'player', 'has', 'just', 'removed', 'say', 'x0', 'tokens', 'from', 'the', 'shorter', 'pile', 'either', 'pile', 'in', 'case', 'they', 'have', 'the', 'same', 'height', 'if', 'the', 'next', 'player', 'now', 'removes', 'x', 'tokens', 'from', 'the', 'larger', 'pile', 'then', 'he', 'imitates', 'his', 'opponent', 'for', 'a', 'predetermined', 'natural', 'number', 'p', 'by', 'the', 'rules', 'of', 'the', 'game', 'neither', 'player', 'is', 'allowed', 'to', 'imitate', 'his', 'opponent', 'on', 'more', 'than', 'p1', 'consecutive', 'moves', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'strategy', 'of', 'this', 'game', 'resembles', 'closely', 'that', 'of', 'a', 'variant', 'of', 'wythoff', 'nima', 'variant', 'with', 'a', 'blocking', 'manoeuvre', 'on', 'p1', 'diagonal', 'positions', 'in', 'fact', 'we', 'show', 'a', 'slightly', 'more', 'general', 'result', 'in', 'which', 'we', 'have', 'relaxed', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'what', 'an', 'imitation', 'is']]
[-0.07135782003187255, 0.12462730330179199, -0.13747858000411425, 0.06095962828188551, -0.10615349686774078, -0.24297877491118192, 0.1321097819635005, 0.36740106804324174, -0.296409684661563, -0.270277125080448, 0.041346413448258346, -0.30071779286294287, -0.11791471889548337, 0.06494524047028885, -0.17532264774164824, -0.062138228830116896, 0.048482295264726256, 0.13071646939601694, 0.040102051260045804, -0.31041907734557317, 0.3158816025495084, -0.004540805538087639, 0.17568785588799127, -0.04090725534435695, 0.08769687604847183, 0.046292124920760964, 0.027234721084389447, 0.045531301657537195, -0.14897763136300388, 0.02953985980549526, 0.18392062239147333, 0.13850014988826448, 0.3768900335113059, -0.4320697545755043, -0.1192788794539424, 0.15010005979687532, 0.09578326724664267, 0.11386175647485695, -0.017886102414358087, -0.24423012627921165, 0.10429463167796467, -0.1614356242405223, -0.10519743513197763, 0.07222688422580041, 0.05130144065148683, 0.017076324648918836, -0.24966511678006223, -0.07567825451938075, 0.1176458317612701, 0.04189034704633279, -0.01843368511563584, -0.16595655957275113, -0.04390551889169294, 0.12521291771250317, 0.02693627352145181, 0.03762391348692602, 0.11668431092011951, -0.1255261994178977, -0.13567214045993317, 0.40707662912891873, -0.04219477891163126, -0.15202996519362943, 0.10583378414887545, -0.139360764651184, -0.14156807763953763, 0.11849460282898161, 0.08189577230342678, 0.16180648174790194, -0.07265278086441555, 0.04068612872011292, -0.16978190801064694, 0.18675356367672447, 0.17086002616378576, -0.03125292753910215, 0.16574728433190455, 0.1372230995998982, 0.16918048706016878, 0.1253439523696677, -0.011964398279869512, -0.1363426738022479, -0.25938038671834035, -0.13463870363801703, -0.1525029376281231, 0.06550937522419488, -0.03827451259495496, -0.14984793975556604, 0.3176804415963298, 0.14012291043677103, 0.1736728654248699, 0.10045473496586001, 0.2699915952355003, 0.08149639692821248, 0.08023871456745511, 0.06261520197184117, 0.19973005474642364, 0.039821069147229306, 0.10625755144005168, -0.16074862234023357, 0.13531255615360813, 0.11122080352532664]
710.3633
Dynamics in Thompson's Group F
We describe an explicit relationship between strand diagrams and piecewise-linear functions for elements of Thompson's group F. Using this correspondence, we investigate the dynamics of elements of F, and we show that conjugacy of one-bump functions can be described by a Mather-type invariant.
math.GR math.DS
we describe an explicit relationship between strand diagrams and piecewiselinear functions for elements of thompsons group f using this correspondence we investigate the dynamics of elements of f and we show that conjugacy of onebump functions can be described by a mathertype invariant
[['we', 'describe', 'an', 'explicit', 'relationship', 'between', 'strand', 'diagrams', 'and', 'piecewiselinear', 'functions', 'for', 'elements', 'of', 'thompsons', 'group', 'f', 'using', 'this', 'correspondence', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'elements', 'of', 'f', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'conjugacy', 'of', 'onebump', 'functions', 'can', 'be', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'mathertype', 'invariant']]
[-0.17471638869312478, 0.11659985811132995, -0.11213756236815597, 0.08437597151368675, -0.013517030264909675, -0.06723707792826178, 0.0595064804684825, 0.4217637359369092, -0.34764654643651915, -0.24058189642865482, 0.01599932317735582, -0.2413600457082616, -0.23744431883096695, 0.17697187926529384, -0.07277951802967525, -0.008827424131152107, 0.006588999329634556, 0.011785290908159279, -0.16917500630725266, -0.17705005213118544, 0.3749636546140764, -0.0726945473380932, 0.17477215747008237, 0.02918269244454256, 0.1390740368742405, 0.005466615133805246, -0.03573853093222147, 0.02426322251018818, -0.19073409586665704, 0.13247347600394632, 0.25442538771028744, 0.13517270603915676, 0.16776839616458591, -0.399443326199927, -0.13940644911461986, 0.15092957362805198, 0.13387595603197086, 0.022505626127850717, -0.05358399464408072, -0.2478107333228719, 0.09639382941602934, -0.19583401424674, -0.1389912200478337, -0.10837308689951897, 0.08278501667536614, 0.08294107060788608, -0.2601522892350104, 0.01518652542698674, 0.06884451451279767, 0.14498288818158028, -0.012808841585022648, -0.04216372510191144, -0.02667417706603684, 0.16873995474789563, -0.020364036170266022, 0.038437920565739636, 0.08780287573023177, -0.10851788822357065, -0.10700278429359925, 0.3759496806689152, -0.10995684198399143, -0.23375114875777467, 0.1650044471025467, -0.15872455543906586, -0.14440169737379, 0.04080029199944764, 0.1405113714906137, 0.14696612248833224, -0.13186348938360448, 0.17308201247605456, -0.09901803911368294, 0.14847206139210156, 0.06169749084837371, -0.05732647650988727, 0.12616728222361062, 0.053182731473409545, 0.023588932959771738, 0.21802538721651837, 0.07552797583545126, -0.011632326070401, -0.3472450874382403, -0.22105645206643315, -0.1202057643691305, 0.041572792569129935, -0.07651165660354309, -0.1806808911809107, 0.45378379859938855, 0.06514377296879524, 0.20433928749578006, 0.09480489288434023, 0.16192792694470504, 0.1495750880368599, 0.05436849689519987, 0.058983100339679455, 0.13180179657732569, 0.16936893943447348, -0.11134585122600561, -0.21608473878444695, 0.0266019743128975, 0.2151252705512977]
710.3634
Neutrino Emission From Inhomogeneous Pion Condensed Quark Matter
It is believed that quark matter can exist in neutron star interior if the baryon density is high enough. When there is a large isospin density, quark matter could be in a pion condensed phase. We compute neutrino emission from direct Urca processes in such a phase, particularly in the inhomogeneous Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell (LOFF) states. The neutrino emissivity and specific heat are obtained, from which the cooling rate is estimated.
hep-ph astro-ph nucl-th
it is believed that quark matter can exist in neutron star interior if the baryon density is high enough when there is a large isospin density quark matter could be in a pion condensed phase we compute neutrino emission from direct urca processes in such a phase particularly in the inhomogeneous larkinovchinnikovfuldeferrell loff states the neutrino emissivity and specific heat are obtained from which the cooling rate is estimated
[['it', 'is', 'believed', 'that', 'quark', 'matter', 'can', 'exist', 'in', 'neutron', 'star', 'interior', 'if', 'the', 'baryon', 'density', 'is', 'high', 'enough', 'when', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'large', 'isospin', 'density', 'quark', 'matter', 'could', 'be', 'in', 'a', 'pion', 'condensed', 'phase', 'we', 'compute', 'neutrino', 'emission', 'from', 'direct', 'urca', 'processes', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'phase', 'particularly', 'in', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'larkinovchinnikovfuldeferrell', 'loff', 'states', 'the', 'neutrino', 'emissivity', 'and', 'specific', 'heat', 'are', 'obtained', 'from', 'which', 'the', 'cooling', 'rate', 'is', 'estimated']]
[-0.07474217326312825, 0.35655068661477685, -0.11065840261880362, 0.16365342917244718, -0.07390070892870426, -0.07873111723692737, 0.07182375563011653, 0.3461434764490611, -0.2040258091536985, -0.2355622169494197, 0.057125767787405544, -0.3060559244704959, -0.011137329892295858, 0.1394872194243784, 0.05546288242887543, 0.003614625151174656, 0.008116164600706079, 0.05118633539456388, -0.09536769769181484, -0.1642573148339474, 0.3280612194110923, 0.0028838509747731514, 0.22207102844950513, 0.13557027098790242, 0.0251812928126774, -0.1125070878331536, -0.01470833097625038, -0.048381093471054584, -0.09991946311355855, -0.05809669207150549, 0.307257469222152, 0.08219066177211377, 0.10012186467107656, -0.40981928107963095, -0.2671881567592314, 0.2037743678572925, 0.14038379889224534, 0.15178634194434498, -0.14454855468880007, -0.23070924491554068, 0.05145423223628946, -0.23329531976386256, -0.11826944201374831, -0.07722860909795956, 0.011908930726349354, 0.006358244375366232, -0.3186105917329374, 0.14723094301703182, -0.04596942246965794, -0.08152554686302724, -0.043815497882610216, -0.14202612278092167, -0.06556330961377724, 0.011135883371605525, 0.058630212264108486, 0.08357073928472465, 0.1813747186443188, -0.22073732503433374, 0.005438135707399983, 0.441359620710052, -0.06771318126550835, -0.10790534788553698, 0.14912263046194246, -0.22887796215186623, -0.11973241849572978, 0.1945657371070938, 0.11895759220140567, 0.09541995778841816, -0.1686886667885119, 0.0841610342647165, -0.05648480403318029, 0.19388697350370712, 0.07375370610532338, 0.007066518145923813, 0.353348417106368, 0.2105718976598692, 0.04574701766335014, 0.054229756073175886, -0.1422134821937568, -0.08358560802172059, -0.31141770957037807, -0.11392987994949563, -0.20170477032661438, 0.11003006877971516, -0.09543049089931985, -0.12689027006643405, 0.2989587044879875, 0.08616768985508394, 0.1661326542928599, -0.09414791801532703, 0.29736759297657706, 0.15611745748564304, 0.06357319376336923, 0.1355591758383789, 0.29051479594647023, 0.24172448752906875, 0.13553686826017455, -0.2931943136002477, 0.058348063075834, 0.02935563297132435]
710.3635
Spectral beam combining of Yb-doped fiber lasers using wavelength dependent polarization rotators and polarization beam combiners
We propose a robust spectral beam combining scheme using wavelength dependent polarisation rotators and polarization beam combiners. We successfully demonstrated the concept for two Yb-doped fiber lasers at 1064nm and 1092nm up to a total input power of 90W. The results reveal a very good combining efficiency and the potential for scaling to high power operations in this method of beam combining.
physics.optics
we propose a robust spectral beam combining scheme using wavelength dependent polarisation rotators and polarization beam combiners we successfully demonstrated the concept for two ybdoped fiber lasers at 1064nm and 1092nm up to a total input power of 90w the results reveal a very good combining efficiency and the potential for scaling to high power operations in this method of beam combining
[['we', 'propose', 'a', 'robust', 'spectral', 'beam', 'combining', 'scheme', 'using', 'wavelength', 'dependent', 'polarisation', 'rotators', 'and', 'polarization', 'beam', 'combiners', 'we', 'successfully', 'demonstrated', 'the', 'concept', 'for', 'two', 'ybdoped', 'fiber', 'lasers', 'at', '1064nm', 'and', '1092nm', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'total', 'input', 'power', 'of', '90w', 'the', 'results', 'reveal', 'a', 'very', 'good', 'combining', 'efficiency', 'and', 'the', 'potential', 'for', 'scaling', 'to', 'high', 'power', 'operations', 'in', 'this', 'method', 'of', 'beam', 'combining']]
[-0.11367656489213308, 0.07729006981632362, -0.10986608022358268, -0.020251167171712343, -0.004782677783320348, -0.19565481019672007, 0.0801736255234573, 0.5007310084998607, -0.23509450567265353, -0.3059647768735886, 0.048794620854702465, -0.22727525077449778, -0.06430249245216449, 0.2940450470816965, -0.04813552050230404, 0.14415496586977194, 0.038064560136990624, -0.12678956422411528, -0.028132149406398337, -0.14783547194905017, 0.2637968904649218, 0.13698590161899726, 0.36075463766853016, 0.027200879802694544, 0.22716063222226998, 0.004093885666225106, -0.03777085291221738, 0.010685777136435112, -0.07714999851305038, 0.13145565492644284, 0.22055099806166253, 0.06813826888489226, 0.21715985983610153, -0.37324492931365966, -0.20426785837238035, 0.03884874309102694, 0.10934237064793706, 0.12812243946051846, -0.0822373160161078, -0.19287246367894112, 0.09639735458573948, -0.16940468535758554, -0.14248999304448565, -0.09054619985205742, -0.04682102824250857, 0.08814484626054764, -0.32607740064462026, -0.009987582561249535, -0.007425831786046426, 0.06229504834239682, 0.00938599508566161, -0.10613742560769121, 0.00977069668006152, 0.03863880676896467, -0.04503852277994156, 0.02706760389652724, 0.11350734651399155, -0.09399506762468567, -0.09723401192265252, 0.3515704270995533, -0.10215434295435746, -0.11350285603354375, 0.1245428180322051, -0.1688471974727387, -0.0819160307602336, 0.17345717209391295, 0.2028746922966093, 0.10111225854294996, -0.08896079110757758, -0.04109818812285084, 0.06657211245813717, 0.2586069617420435, 0.139826380678763, 0.10866842924927672, 0.18299079135370752, 0.21301509633970758, 0.06455479897558689, 0.14955454389952744, -0.16063909273749838, 0.0047410874006648855, -0.2529935099494954, -0.09061624541257819, -0.17818974645342678, 0.007494552107527852, -0.07325147924251117, -0.028528400572637717, 0.45296137402589615, 0.10778516383531193, 0.1718355730175972, 0.05664078860233227, 0.38081284261619053, 0.13488156168411175, 0.08100774831837043, 0.04023542031645775, 0.2768582349643111, 0.1761580504787465, 0.14655786263756454, -0.2591738715146979, -0.08015720318847647, -0.04484884041982393]
710.3636
The evolution of the peculiar Type Ia supernova SN 2005hk over 400 days
$UBVRI$ photometry and medium resolution optical spectroscopy of peculiar Type Ia supernova SN 2005hk are presented and analysed, covering the pre-maximum phase to around 400 days after explosion. The supernova is found to be underluminous compared to "normal" Type Ia supernovae. The photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2005hk is remarkably similar to the peculiar Type Ia event SN 2002cx. The expansion velocity of the supernova ejecta is found to be lower than normal Type Ia events. The spectra obtained $\gsim 200$ days since explosion do not show the presence of forbidden [\ion{Fe}{ii}], [\ion{Fe}{iii}] and [\ion{Co}{iii}] lines, but are dominated by narrow, permitted \ion{Fe}{ii}, NIR \ion{Ca}{ii} and \ion{Na}{i} lines with P-Cygni profiles. Thermonuclear explosion model with Chandrasekhar mass ejecta and a kinetic energy smaller ($\KE = 0.3 \times 10^{51} {\rm ergs}$) than that of canonical Type Ia supernovae is found to well explain the observed bolometric light curve. The mass of \Nifs synthesized in this explosion is $0.18 \Msun$. The early spectra are successfully modeled with this less energetic model with some modifications of the abundance distribution. The late spectrum is explained as a combination of a photospheric component and a nebular component.
astro-ph
ubvri photometry and medium resolution optical spectroscopy of peculiar type ia supernova sn 2005hk are presented and analysed covering the premaximum phase to around 400 days after explosion the supernova is found to be underluminous compared to normal type ia supernovae the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of sn 2005hk is remarkably similar to the peculiar type ia event sn 2002cx the expansion velocity of the supernova ejecta is found to be lower than normal type ia events the spectra obtained gsim 200 days since explosion do not show the presence of forbidden ionfeii ionfeiii and ioncoiii lines but are dominated by narrow permitted ionfeii nir ioncaii and ionnai lines with pcygni profiles thermonuclear explosion model with chandrasekhar mass ejecta and a kinetic energy smaller ke 03 times 1051 rm ergs than that of canonical type ia supernovae is found to well explain the observed bolometric light curve the mass of nifs synthesized in this explosion is 018 msun the early spectra are successfully modeled with this less energetic model with some modifications of the abundance distribution the late spectrum is explained as a combination of a photospheric component and a nebular component
[['ubvri', 'photometry', 'and', 'medium', 'resolution', 'optical', 'spectroscopy', 'of', 'peculiar', 'type', 'ia', 'supernova', 'sn', '2005hk', 'are', 'presented', 'and', 'analysed', 'covering', 'the', 'premaximum', 'phase', 'to', 'around', '400', 'days', 'after', 'explosion', 'the', 'supernova', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'underluminous', 'compared', 'to', 'normal', 'type', 'ia', 'supernovae', 'the', 'photometric', 'and', 'spectroscopic', 'evolution', 'of', 'sn', '2005hk', 'is', 'remarkably', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'peculiar', 'type', 'ia', 'event', 'sn', '2002cx', 'the', 'expansion', 'velocity', 'of', 'the', 'supernova', 'ejecta', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'lower', 'than', 'normal', 'type', 'ia', 'events', 'the', 'spectra', 'obtained', 'gsim', '200', 'days', 'since', 'explosion', 'do', 'not', 'show', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'forbidden', 'ionfeii', 'ionfeiii', 'and', 'ioncoiii', 'lines', 'but', 'are', 'dominated', 'by', 'narrow', 'permitted', 'ionfeii', 'nir', 'ioncaii', 'and', 'ionnai', 'lines', 'with', 'pcygni', 'profiles', 'thermonuclear', 'explosion', 'model', 'with', 'chandrasekhar', 'mass', 'ejecta', 'and', 'a', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'smaller', 'ke', '03', 'times', '1051', 'rm', 'ergs', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'canonical', 'type', 'ia', 'supernovae', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'well', 'explain', 'the', 'observed', 'bolometric', 'light', 'curve', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'nifs', 'synthesized', 'in', 'this', 'explosion', 'is', '018', 'msun', 'the', 'early', 'spectra', 'are', 'successfully', 'modeled', 'with', 'this', 'less', 'energetic', 'model', 'with', 'some', 'modifications', 'of', 'the', 'abundance', 'distribution', 'the', 'late', 'spectrum', 'is', 'explained', 'as', 'a', 'combination', 'of', 'a', 'photospheric', 'component', 'and', 'a', 'nebular', 'component']]
[-0.01768883875920437, 0.09759133416718166, -0.04042596099162964, 0.1407393014818234, -0.14487264588242396, -0.1601273911171838, 0.039370142939917155, 0.442242793738842, -0.1708114116942804, -0.3117715594799895, 0.05714159160300991, -0.32678505921687345, 0.03414296871541362, 0.20832665295303357, -0.051827337742418565, -0.11252688356785495, 0.14980502981496485, -0.08380832719910694, -0.12452557107347897, -0.2851854661626643, 0.25512170095523623, 0.0704815482536919, 0.2027705813537499, -0.07061270046243934, 0.03265420444076881, -0.16507370528446413, -0.047889126229443045, -0.05019453334082898, -0.15023943298441927, 0.0007472982348286008, 0.169713485240247, 0.1584212798282112, 0.12616126948330356, -0.32458742627089743, -0.2941204280138711, 0.12737795666693466, 0.2322802843378955, 0.025977540454110375, -0.027723629940546266, -0.24959686527788444, 0.07632485355325595, -0.21324152543552613, -0.1786116119596715, 0.12714994384073897, 0.041693354725506844, 0.053496961685289675, -0.2221918137799213, 0.18663812012313621, -0.025125716748573865, 0.10713112798127297, -0.10978910527636272, -0.10271360863698646, -0.10351378767824683, -0.07076133957965985, 0.03272803550904715, 0.02346216162152, 0.06327816938681184, -0.09928575545628088, 0.06685614274128487, 0.4577280821964929, -0.06613930565945339, 0.13830296154942756, 0.18424734027296502, -0.16076352926902474, -0.08849985421831279, 0.23668320113302846, 0.08499075386452636, 0.08947090791434197, -0.1798926637556992, -0.0553060346880413, 0.04271618693846425, 0.19067776295307434, 0.036171298052527404, 0.08801077567557897, 0.2550910024511579, 0.13222574882797505, -0.053377938416394356, 0.007399696670166266, -0.2463935567997396, 0.023035917342885546, -0.2723302923289961, -0.07988127828330586, -0.13352711007097048, 0.19198977430236194, -0.16290226389208232, -0.1398586446958545, 0.34498152332380416, 0.022222773372930917, 0.23882333785172943, -0.01642939535729391, 0.244104807943988, 0.09380681437967149, 0.09013378914004486, 0.11866302713506709, 0.3502084697334794, 0.22144748784822266, 0.1761504501006321, -0.24556803598166688, 0.0893288192772161, 0.058035387250741845]
710.3637
A Rigidity Theorem for Affine K\"ahler-Ricci Flat Graph
It is shown that any smooth strictly convex global solution of $$\det(\frac{\partial^{2}u}{\partial \xi_{i}\partial \xi_{j}}) = \exp \left\{-\sum_{i=1}^n d_i \frac{\partial u}{\partial \xi_{i}} - d_0\right\},$$ where $d_0$, $d_1$,...,$d_n$ are constants, must be a quadratic polynomial. This extends a well-known theorem of J\"{o}rgens-Calabi-Pogorelov.
math.DG math.AP
it is shown that any smooth strictly convex global solution of detfracpartial2upartial xi_ipartial xi_j exp leftsum_i1n d_i fracpartial upartial xi_i d_0right where d_0 d_1d_n are constants must be a quadratic polynomial this extends a wellknown theorem of jorgenscalabipogorelov
[['it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'any', 'smooth', 'strictly', 'convex', 'global', 'solution', 'of', 'detfracpartial2upartial', 'xi_ipartial', 'xi_j', 'exp', 'leftsum_i1n', 'd_i', 'fracpartial', 'upartial', 'xi_i', 'd_0right', 'where', 'd_0', 'd_1d_n', 'are', 'constants', 'must', 'be', 'a', 'quadratic', 'polynomial', 'this', 'extends', 'a', 'wellknown', 'theorem', 'of', 'jorgenscalabipogorelov']]
[-0.20784898348467643, 0.10713494536192979, -0.03958750680527266, -0.007760584409184316, -0.11307401874321787, -0.3061092988697483, -0.097701286082156, 0.27642270561088533, -0.38605919693980145, -0.03783924654400086, 0.11718170081867892, -0.3741317967172055, -0.14501034660155282, 0.13936020658515832, -0.1021323196370812, 0.021656458649565193, -0.03226726291262928, 0.08836995043298777, -0.033257293165661395, -0.2533764333518989, 0.26708074144142513, -0.18272582814097404, 0.10665860740632258, 0.11355451446519617, 0.15502900895936525, -0.060999203596592826, 0.09653147720896146, -0.02230444673777503, -0.27107917205948445, -0.013917271047830582, 0.2741036090780707, 0.1067977255100713, 0.3348249982604209, -0.32583325832863064, -0.1174738870057113, 0.273473252350574, 0.175360567333615, -0.08510167042122167, 0.07152799637440373, -0.23911626232952318, 0.16367931775269373, -0.061852329650291187, -0.16190862337209502, -0.03431764557300245, 0.1168000994469313, 0.06874007617315168, -0.48101506031611385, 0.1263292959124288, 0.1719882984590881, 0.002244387205471011, -0.018367015907321784, -0.22057722703389385, -0.06065428859609015, -0.07259081252028837, 0.03561495115076575, 0.22648796776090474, 0.049474599360324, 0.0031701399027096, -0.005244691144017612, 0.38972146305091243, -0.06543379457777038, -0.34565474158700776, 0.030252507161896897, -0.16455764967181227, -0.1437268915503998, 0.07953057360068402, 0.041856645058621376, 0.23045656906940756, -0.15205849440056174, 0.3195270386093077, -0.14723381798659615, 0.17775579878841252, 0.1226574839777587, -0.04443339750115924, 0.0029272353824447185, 0.02728408565470839, 0.14390204633202622, 0.023017878983142403, 0.0874627625607365, -0.06301516368437339, -0.37462408803334896, -0.14208286069333553, -0.21050607897889087, 0.2384223421343931, -0.18572614787091665, -0.1555904119355974, 0.2457569360952167, -0.028792098205646172, 0.19855967396870255, 0.16143442998530672, 0.20897883789011223, 0.18526052297366893, 0.0030448410714812137, 0.15538590799962335, 0.08941446891164079, 0.13402166671585292, 0.04489868001409752, -0.18718921921133777, 0.0710539496229852, 0.1604555910864078]
710.3638
Nonparametric estimation of correlation functions in longitudinal and spatial data, with application to colon carcinogenesis experiments
In longitudinal and spatial studies, observations often demonstrate strong correlations that are stationary in time or distance lags, and the times or locations of these data being sampled may not be homogeneous. We propose a nonparametric estimator of the correlation function in such data, using kernel methods. We develop a pointwise asymptotic normal distribution for the proposed estimator, when the number of subjects is fixed and the number of vectors or functions within each subject goes to infinity. Based on the asymptotic theory, we propose a weighted block bootstrapping method for making inferences about the correlation function, where the weights account for the inhomogeneity of the distribution of the times or locations. The method is applied to a data set from a colon carcinogenesis study, in which colonic crypts were sampled from a piece of colon segment from each of the 12 rats in the experiment and the expression level of p27, an important cell cycle protein, was then measured for each cell within the sampled crypts. A simulation study is also provided to illustrate the numerical performance of the proposed method.
math.ST stat.TH
in longitudinal and spatial studies observations often demonstrate strong correlations that are stationary in time or distance lags and the times or locations of these data being sampled may not be homogeneous we propose a nonparametric estimator of the correlation function in such data using kernel methods we develop a pointwise asymptotic normal distribution for the proposed estimator when the number of subjects is fixed and the number of vectors or functions within each subject goes to infinity based on the asymptotic theory we propose a weighted block bootstrapping method for making inferences about the correlation function where the weights account for the inhomogeneity of the distribution of the times or locations the method is applied to a data set from a colon carcinogenesis study in which colonic crypts were sampled from a piece of colon segment from each of the 12 rats in the experiment and the expression level of p27 an important cell cycle protein was then measured for each cell within the sampled crypts a simulation study is also provided to illustrate the numerical performance of the proposed method
[['in', 'longitudinal', 'and', 'spatial', 'studies', 'observations', 'often', 'demonstrate', 'strong', 'correlations', 'that', 'are', 'stationary', 'in', 'time', 'or', 'distance', 'lags', 'and', 'the', 'times', 'or', 'locations', 'of', 'these', 'data', 'being', 'sampled', 'may', 'not', 'be', 'homogeneous', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'nonparametric', 'estimator', 'of', 'the', 'correlation', 'function', 'in', 'such', 'data', 'using', 'kernel', 'methods', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'pointwise', 'asymptotic', 'normal', 'distribution', 'for', 'the', 'proposed', 'estimator', 'when', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'subjects', 'is', 'fixed', 'and', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'vectors', 'or', 'functions', 'within', 'each', 'subject', 'goes', 'to', 'infinity', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'theory', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'weighted', 'block', 'bootstrapping', 'method', 'for', 'making', 'inferences', 'about', 'the', 'correlation', 'function', 'where', 'the', 'weights', 'account', 'for', 'the', 'inhomogeneity', 'of', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'times', 'or', 'locations', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'a', 'data', 'set', 'from', 'a', 'colon', 'carcinogenesis', 'study', 'in', 'which', 'colonic', 'crypts', 'were', 'sampled', 'from', 'a', 'piece', 'of', 'colon', 'segment', 'from', 'each', 'of', 'the', '12', 'rats', 'in', 'the', 'experiment', 'and', 'the', 'expression', 'level', 'of', 'p27', 'an', 'important', 'cell', 'cycle', 'protein', 'was', 'then', 'measured', 'for', 'each', 'cell', 'within', 'the', 'sampled', 'crypts', 'a', 'simulation', 'study', 'is', 'also', 'provided', 'to', 'illustrate', 'the', 'numerical', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'method']]
[-0.06507375040142746, 0.06231193083082901, -0.09964621364353941, 0.06481734836527792, -0.015086373286117073, -0.10369512450319694, 0.060819910952417115, 0.3895011478523304, -0.25621236748174653, -0.2658013473316045, 0.12133878558697589, -0.29128668018217596, -0.1561899764749866, 0.17237318994907233, -0.0532693587765507, 0.04141588757680678, 0.060410520082319175, 0.06717429103350246, -0.04022148244417462, -0.22311087390075304, 0.2784693195755788, 0.0409012215652063, 0.29951262489923247, -0.010451415950268671, 0.1213545553102529, 0.007868648652539967, -0.05494831622402941, 0.026030004011712723, -0.11326930193368193, 0.10348750892668389, 0.234544031121154, 0.16457146197585593, 0.31719322318395415, -0.42378233503140916, -0.19577135208989033, 0.12641853457674956, 0.13834942652137724, 0.08426691274156098, -0.0018226792210723263, -0.2714900412893557, 0.09516153874254407, -0.12204709830361285, -0.09675905217447288, -0.028997663716826546, -0.003991476093818035, 0.0664073266395992, -0.33873855115098694, 0.10510280144712401, 0.000847305301679196, 0.07322612290198986, -0.0781051218995804, -0.10921386169566476, 0.002162510366690765, 0.16404333474465702, 0.07277949454882028, 0.04865650872902684, 0.1176671396349595, -0.09036687365477229, -0.08221742196538188, 0.32291084994142366, -0.03578896292710452, -0.228743749593927, 0.15568619468479653, -0.17843902135615822, -0.1075157130106383, 0.11481415479607716, 0.1904658406184843, 0.1209482093812427, -0.16621265130459426, 0.03420629097112956, -0.030735142731138473, 0.16700353250636688, 0.039584064889433127, -0.026982550578355625, 0.16245835700845038, 0.1780103220953606, 0.03941241367771239, 0.13514904426999266, -0.16414738868639528, -0.04947669385256921, -0.30023903636630256, -0.14039302533134246, -0.20896078935430312, 0.0303904816974754, -0.1239054017379793, -0.17449012986681128, 0.42031472250768037, 0.14977137151720024, 0.23329700648037532, 0.09309575359329356, 0.2858370024823471, 0.09913787445007724, 0.07569520130489983, 0.06792880576052754, 0.14534488361032044, 0.09328129360385772, 0.03939892622644778, -0.18395109714781557, 0.1117655319368958, 0.04143445166262829]
710.3639
Radiative Corrections to High Energy Lepton Bremsstrahlung on Heavy Nuclei
One-loop radiative corrections to the leptonic tensor in high energy bremsstrahlung on heavy nuclei are calculated. Virtual and real photon radiation is taken into account. Double bremsstrahlung is simulated by means of Monte Carlo. Numerical results are presented for the case of muon bremsstrahlung in conditions of the COMPASS experiment at CERN.
hep-ph
oneloop radiative corrections to the leptonic tensor in high energy bremsstrahlung on heavy nuclei are calculated virtual and real photon radiation is taken into account double bremsstrahlung is simulated by means of monte carlo numerical results are presented for the case of muon bremsstrahlung in conditions of the compass experiment at cern
[['oneloop', 'radiative', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'leptonic', 'tensor', 'in', 'high', 'energy', 'bremsstrahlung', 'on', 'heavy', 'nuclei', 'are', 'calculated', 'virtual', 'and', 'real', 'photon', 'radiation', 'is', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'double', 'bremsstrahlung', 'is', 'simulated', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'monte', 'carlo', 'numerical', 'results', 'are', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'muon', 'bremsstrahlung', 'in', 'conditions', 'of', 'the', 'compass', 'experiment', 'at', 'cern']]
[-0.0074918542573309075, 0.27196287918083656, -0.05307351898115415, 0.21295875610443404, 0.013952768107768722, -0.08668270972199164, -0.04020868965352957, 0.4163423025120909, -0.17203577240714088, -0.2974347564248511, -0.03263410211701949, -0.36463892601358777, 0.08220064897949879, 0.2613204659249347, 0.12068637991503167, 0.07638397035323298, 0.1266409827467914, -0.07796772737772419, -0.014210530001526842, -0.19274968500786388, 0.30601800952214175, 0.18934144033119082, 0.20301130714897925, 0.162860416699774, 0.08051598145483205, 0.05087048738138177, -0.08144415771731964, -0.06546755471768287, -0.054202593957038164, -0.02724471466185955, 0.22766821535053447, 0.05655667838604691, 0.09656484665062565, -0.46162450249091935, -0.14612572154818246, 0.10199869035456616, 0.10383308172011031, 0.06924150031633101, -0.09851908729671358, -0.27898835716321346, 0.07580292909047924, -0.2224125870002004, -0.1141760162024114, -0.08804652264986473, -0.07509339486177151, -0.05256735614071099, -0.3306840958360296, 0.002734290946346636, -0.11685751607337107, 0.031752768599499874, -0.07302416569123474, -0.19451408407006127, -0.029544755037372503, 0.06424905019454084, 0.09441428487144339, 0.0027881991386843417, 0.181976561618145, -0.13302312465384603, -0.20869596594443116, 0.4170805144195373, -0.01526394122853302, -0.14841927781414527, 0.10291036194002327, -0.228295035705042, -0.11470867002096313, 0.2737731265190702, 0.19830956212424028, 0.0876996550673189, -0.18158428988849315, 0.14355233782575502, 0.017302528041629836, 0.06875130601782495, 0.004679781599686696, -0.04081898070692729, 0.16459478185368845, 0.1691603993352216, -0.1312755108005009, 0.15389572919901603, -0.12629332727877995, -0.13660477384781608, -0.43531415998362577, -0.10911473578128678, -0.17243709275498986, 0.07250727158792031, -0.043413481054673096, -0.1031146659873999, 0.29795292132677365, 0.07966562109784438, 0.12705520289399339, -0.0023941863596869204, 0.41885970676174533, 0.14582050529022056, 0.053281465464701444, 0.018110739228387292, 0.32200981766128767, 0.17145863709559378, 0.09605240000214857, -0.3147486972425563, 1.2746367316979628e-05, 0.07995307857457262]
710.364
A dynamic look-ahead Monte Carlo algorithm for pricing Bermudan options
Under the assumption of no-arbitrage, the pricing of American and Bermudan options can be casted into optimal stopping problems. We propose a new adaptive simulation based algorithm for the numerical solution of optimal stopping problems in discrete time. Our approach is to recursively compute the so-called continuation values. They are defined as regression functions of the cash flow, which would occur over a series of subsequent time periods, if the approximated optimal exercise strategy is applied. We use nonparametric least squares regression estimates to approximate the continuation values from a set of sample paths which we simulate from the underlying stochastic process. The parameters of the regression estimates and the regression problems are chosen in a data-dependent manner. We present results concerning the consistency and rate of convergence of the new algorithm. Finally, we illustrate its performance by pricing high-dimensional Bermudan basket options with strangle-spread payoff based on the average of the underlying assets.
math.PR
under the assumption of noarbitrage the pricing of american and bermudan options can be casted into optimal stopping problems we propose a new adaptive simulation based algorithm for the numerical solution of optimal stopping problems in discrete time our approach is to recursively compute the socalled continuation values they are defined as regression functions of the cash flow which would occur over a series of subsequent time periods if the approximated optimal exercise strategy is applied we use nonparametric least squares regression estimates to approximate the continuation values from a set of sample paths which we simulate from the underlying stochastic process the parameters of the regression estimates and the regression problems are chosen in a datadependent manner we present results concerning the consistency and rate of convergence of the new algorithm finally we illustrate its performance by pricing highdimensional bermudan basket options with stranglespread payoff based on the average of the underlying assets
[['under', 'the', 'assumption', 'of', 'noarbitrage', 'the', 'pricing', 'of', 'american', 'and', 'bermudan', 'options', 'can', 'be', 'casted', 'into', 'optimal', 'stopping', 'problems', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'adaptive', 'simulation', 'based', 'algorithm', 'for', 'the', 'numerical', 'solution', 'of', 'optimal', 'stopping', 'problems', 'in', 'discrete', 'time', 'our', 'approach', 'is', 'to', 'recursively', 'compute', 'the', 'socalled', 'continuation', 'values', 'they', 'are', 'defined', 'as', 'regression', 'functions', 'of', 'the', 'cash', 'flow', 'which', 'would', 'occur', 'over', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'subsequent', 'time', 'periods', 'if', 'the', 'approximated', 'optimal', 'exercise', 'strategy', 'is', 'applied', 'we', 'use', 'nonparametric', 'least', 'squares', 'regression', 'estimates', 'to', 'approximate', 'the', 'continuation', 'values', 'from', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'sample', 'paths', 'which', 'we', 'simulate', 'from', 'the', 'underlying', 'stochastic', 'process', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'regression', 'estimates', 'and', 'the', 'regression', 'problems', 'are', 'chosen', 'in', 'a', 'datadependent', 'manner', 'we', 'present', 'results', 'concerning', 'the', 'consistency', 'and', 'rate', 'of', 'convergence', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'algorithm', 'finally', 'we', 'illustrate', 'its', 'performance', 'by', 'pricing', 'highdimensional', 'bermudan', 'basket', 'options', 'with', 'stranglespread', 'payoff', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'average', 'of', 'the', 'underlying', 'assets']]
[-0.07083542858329571, -0.01932928220861975, -0.15624054692369077, 0.11682952337887519, -0.10777764008806567, -0.1313154687283232, 0.1270775251087483, 0.4235916610052383, -0.3178205363957662, -0.2572046558835294, 0.20704073970072165, -0.22585568870391143, -0.1371700524404231, 0.22784407967031975, -0.11012226270262176, 0.11311096570654651, 0.0609969019728524, -0.023295570788844155, -0.04972661977856012, -0.3098556334974573, 0.27086607120506767, 0.06022083780612626, 0.25498754718170497, -0.029563084435329644, 0.15885708995735626, 0.02139977340623006, -0.048925428720703955, 0.008749193779734614, -0.16445103267913844, 0.1359329399884088, 0.26831703913988536, 0.16072780138385342, 0.3721785656225204, -0.4124113038922504, -0.15597654622218576, 0.12460606053050796, 0.08031432962123444, 0.05616265091150269, -0.014785259917189725, -0.23697141413668207, 0.02962625296664686, -0.1547683400917628, -0.09750223992806342, -0.0816946670875635, -0.0510396430089315, 0.0749831138075226, -0.3834876527254975, 0.06957473143101274, -0.0055276440955649795, 0.010958001665844052, -0.08277771290272985, -0.15124226304446803, 0.01743251478810813, 0.09760560870194941, 0.10333263492679644, -0.04568586710633503, 0.11192620172792303, -0.08662387790779273, -0.1891947307082173, 0.3512905339339103, -0.072944269643783, -0.23592682880367719, 0.11463460517633292, -0.09003841589369319, -0.10442804231679713, 0.1283000777658148, 0.24335014220521925, 0.1483191695380834, -0.16378086100460268, 0.06614980763745086, -0.08179896172696079, 0.1139079946476747, 0.059417885606438896, -0.047657993634298346, 0.13217229872266306, 0.19035491000197438, 0.12848137147736802, 0.14007871012504705, -0.07007792323228167, -0.1428007154567228, -0.3335303003881492, -0.1147412789614226, -0.16672128133378386, 0.0073748745459430165, -0.17203681489570277, -0.18080269046176492, 0.38886867669636227, 0.17691081744052617, 0.15803855755579432, 0.1339540031504227, 0.28270899128850574, 0.18443421581145636, -0.004827005214216127, 0.1201318868655054, 0.1491220773142927, 0.058147009513097404, 0.05823835245336655, -0.19790465391721893, 0.16105342888443736, 0.10965729212644053]
710.3641
The Euler Characteristic Formula for Logarithmic Minimal Degenerations of Surfaces with Kodaira Dimension Zero and its application to Calabi-Yau Threefolds with a pencil
In this paper, the Euler characteristic formula for projective logarithmic minimal degenerations of surfaces with Kodaira dimension zero over a 1-dimensional complex disk is proved under a reasonable assumption and as its application, the singularity of logarithmic minimal degenerations are determined in the abelian or hyperelliptic case. By globalizing this local analysis of singular fibres via generalized canonical bundle formulae due to Fujino-Mori, we bound the number of singular fibres of abelian fibred Calabi-Yau threefolds from above,which was previously done by Oguiso in the potentially good reduction case.
math.AG
in this paper the euler characteristic formula for projective logarithmic minimal degenerations of surfaces with kodaira dimension zero over a 1dimensional complex disk is proved under a reasonable assumption and as its application the singularity of logarithmic minimal degenerations are determined in the abelian or hyperelliptic case by globalizing this local analysis of singular fibres via generalized canonical bundle formulae due to fujinomori we bound the number of singular fibres of abelian fibred calabiyau threefolds from abovewhich was previously done by oguiso in the potentially good reduction case
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'the', 'euler', 'characteristic', 'formula', 'for', 'projective', 'logarithmic', 'minimal', 'degenerations', 'of', 'surfaces', 'with', 'kodaira', 'dimension', 'zero', 'over', 'a', '1dimensional', 'complex', 'disk', 'is', 'proved', 'under', 'a', 'reasonable', 'assumption', 'and', 'as', 'its', 'application', 'the', 'singularity', 'of', 'logarithmic', 'minimal', 'degenerations', 'are', 'determined', 'in', 'the', 'abelian', 'or', 'hyperelliptic', 'case', 'by', 'globalizing', 'this', 'local', 'analysis', 'of', 'singular', 'fibres', 'via', 'generalized', 'canonical', 'bundle', 'formulae', 'due', 'to', 'fujinomori', 'we', 'bound', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'singular', 'fibres', 'of', 'abelian', 'fibred', 'calabiyau', 'threefolds', 'from', 'abovewhich', 'was', 'previously', 'done', 'by', 'oguiso', 'in', 'the', 'potentially', 'good', 'reduction', 'case']]
[-0.1875136481316457, 0.02498823621076448, -0.09357584415133609, 0.10630453643686853, -0.0969217941543997, -0.19631704128737193, -0.004300813091144529, 0.2830450546949409, -0.26284668310870263, -0.21129216834209685, 0.0979130636808614, -0.2243080974291187, -0.16094951789966935, 0.23640955078989528, -0.1889676470309496, 0.07336742436813819, 0.02119792180493214, 0.04634296507466325, -0.10629515587941062, -0.3802468719699983, 0.4477985945508577, 0.0002327549398530188, 0.2561137930322222, 0.07931771085172523, 0.12125141470866321, 0.02463906612463815, -0.010474067062226146, -0.018161855551392533, -0.16885785700016936, 0.13582185075380082, 0.3132584827497255, -0.00022695835972161486, 0.1339553387099227, -0.39515733623573945, -0.20092770311071775, 0.23892504481468782, 0.12513309386342245, 0.050411931666827135, 0.04422105584553508, -0.20984680959846563, 0.11944955458771843, -0.16367629112074758, -0.26284012802183454, -0.07719175806702223, 0.023223088902616224, 0.013155713016817044, -0.17273426836161593, 0.004563362933262143, 0.09951299869693643, 0.2011447942945673, -0.03599559691826661, -0.06877141444250769, -0.10094662416769667, -0.021867658957828183, 0.07146923662823906, 0.02891533232164071, 0.0869515581099793, -0.13033375679515302, -0.07892273751975493, 0.3343639471405727, -0.11528355778644381, -0.24400139867353826, 0.08929943752496741, -0.12234565984392755, -0.11018886547102484, 0.2006016003271175, 0.06162345929201259, 0.19780579753501645, -0.02181815595344402, 0.19507881008064223, -0.11316484531257735, 0.04513210993866588, 0.17032356913807953, -0.04509484414877587, 0.110597962667884, 0.0860981805098438, 0.0695106745372678, 0.14952626566370125, -0.02159993691629795, -0.07412937157895676, -0.37698161911739164, -0.21052533673287674, -0.12137824928301365, 0.20707094667040807, -0.14545766478333336, -0.1483634465352394, 0.37803354008166595, -0.04324769041349375, 0.23071629650414335, 0.11372753668598137, 0.2526064567527799, 0.02961522500913287, 0.06495796591801525, 0.022154546034154156, 0.16500367729946278, 0.1987421122477065, -0.027113458888400832, -0.12867482611097308, 0.003775189072976625, 0.20329352817498147]
710.3642
On the Complexity of Spill Everywhere under SSA Form
Compilation for embedded processors can be either aggressive (time consuming cross-compilation) or just in time (embedded and usually dynamic). The heuristics used in dynamic compilation are highly constrained by limited resources, time and memory in particular. Recent results on the SSA form open promising directions for the design of new register allocation heuristics for embedded systems and especially for embedded compilation. In particular, heuristics based on tree scan with two separated phases -- one for spilling, then one for coloring/coalescing -- seem good candidates for designing memory-friendly, fast, and competitive register allocators. Still, also because of the side effect on power consumption, the minimization of loads and stores overhead (spilling problem) is an important issue. This paper provides an exhaustive study of the complexity of the ``spill everywhere'' problem in the context of the SSA form. Unfortunately, conversely to our initial hopes, many of the questions we raised lead to NP-completeness results. We identify some polynomial cases but that are impractical in JIT context. Nevertheless, they can give hints to simplify formulations for the design of aggressive allocators.
cs.DS cs.CC
compilation for embedded processors can be either aggressive time consuming crosscompilation or just in time embedded and usually dynamic the heuristics used in dynamic compilation are highly constrained by limited resources time and memory in particular recent results on the ssa form open promising directions for the design of new register allocation heuristics for embedded systems and especially for embedded compilation in particular heuristics based on tree scan with two separated phases one for spilling then one for coloringcoalescing seem good candidates for designing memoryfriendly fast and competitive register allocators still also because of the side effect on power consumption the minimization of loads and stores overhead spilling problem is an important issue this paper provides an exhaustive study of the complexity of the spill everywhere problem in the context of the ssa form unfortunately conversely to our initial hopes many of the questions we raised lead to npcompleteness results we identify some polynomial cases but that are impractical in jit context nevertheless they can give hints to simplify formulations for the design of aggressive allocators
[['compilation', 'for', 'embedded', 'processors', 'can', 'be', 'either', 'aggressive', 'time', 'consuming', 'crosscompilation', 'or', 'just', 'in', 'time', 'embedded', 'and', 'usually', 'dynamic', 'the', 'heuristics', 'used', 'in', 'dynamic', 'compilation', 'are', 'highly', 'constrained', 'by', 'limited', 'resources', 'time', 'and', 'memory', 'in', 'particular', 'recent', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'ssa', 'form', 'open', 'promising', 'directions', 'for', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'new', 'register', 'allocation', 'heuristics', 'for', 'embedded', 'systems', 'and', 'especially', 'for', 'embedded', 'compilation', 'in', 'particular', 'heuristics', 'based', 'on', 'tree', 'scan', 'with', 'two', 'separated', 'phases', 'one', 'for', 'spilling', 'then', 'one', 'for', 'coloringcoalescing', 'seem', 'good', 'candidates', 'for', 'designing', 'memoryfriendly', 'fast', 'and', 'competitive', 'register', 'allocators', 'still', 'also', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'side', 'effect', 'on', 'power', 'consumption', 'the', 'minimization', 'of', 'loads', 'and', 'stores', 'overhead', 'spilling', 'problem', 'is', 'an', 'important', 'issue', 'this', 'paper', 'provides', 'an', 'exhaustive', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'complexity', 'of', 'the', 'spill', 'everywhere', 'problem', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'ssa', 'form', 'unfortunately', 'conversely', 'to', 'our', 'initial', 'hopes', 'many', 'of', 'the', 'questions', 'we', 'raised', 'lead', 'to', 'npcompleteness', 'results', 'we', 'identify', 'some', 'polynomial', 'cases', 'but', 'that', 'are', 'impractical', 'in', 'jit', 'context', 'nevertheless', 'they', 'can', 'give', 'hints', 'to', 'simplify', 'formulations', 'for', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'aggressive', 'allocators']]
[-0.12833067977658305, 0.048210196419265064, -0.035425830137178385, 0.07179957975578263, -0.106415915917982, -0.1864165103202955, 0.08296235173609581, 0.38894392515538057, -0.28208947165820725, -0.3402250896778625, 0.1714898759211182, -0.2279116792895029, -0.09668705432751146, 0.2557634650312386, -0.09817516163524477, 0.060356005283363295, 0.08972671850264137, -0.012196888921061003, -0.030675636371597648, -0.2858605294116918, 0.2719455261410596, 0.0716970359551252, 0.27218040853544984, 0.048248279559818995, 0.03866069554216686, -0.011169230982639713, -0.0413282841304048, 0.03505465607341159, -0.06617923534625497, 0.12315812044019267, 0.30486886102081723, 0.18426334435615493, 0.2817006508222205, -0.49734245198698057, -0.17313228341659284, 0.11042527886061469, 0.1827525274499691, 0.09553948354051378, -0.08483233008024987, -0.21777236739151998, 0.07886701806534534, -0.13453685745022043, -0.07879511243276799, -0.09414180997231533, 0.030483882567398465, 3.280887794761644e-05, -0.24730413805994855, 0.03557965381194116, 0.04629333541968116, 0.0025895923238807503, -0.048595432272164764, -0.1420806523337099, 0.0711098278649259, 0.1264586392857371, 0.018501897713955426, 0.020817089859851114, 0.09694168652068673, -0.13865316107013193, -0.1565183970190294, 0.3998885082371662, 0.028606623801472733, -0.19164819625674645, 0.205174756043919, -0.03793255925709126, -0.2019168328038939, 0.09928642041615152, 0.20734986278525894, 0.11509942046415082, -0.1421148845767118, 0.06252801428499195, 0.010536709595794622, 0.18443190133820875, 0.06666634998935668, 0.0559252521825276, 0.17580066931385524, 0.1994770585580842, 0.08690327502190905, 0.15601591241742468, -0.01934876188910378, -0.11004324991496904, -0.24867595251813812, -0.15905967779253002, -0.13678489642680725, 0.0019567804572554683, -0.06191858682857834, -0.14589224730865932, 0.3591534634379164, 0.16564247264281842, 0.15172804214095298, 0.06874810064324538, 0.3383299527485247, 0.07181515983599265, 0.0895210617195648, 0.1260155404465693, 0.17771535858359172, 0.010193041963179763, 0.1296141353123579, -0.1895306503610158, 0.10964956809968467, 0.0052454482354869734]
710.3643
Stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas against collapse
We report on the experimental observation of the dipolar collapse of a quantum gas which sets in when we reduce the contact interaction below some critical value using a Feshbach resonance. Due to the anisotropy of the dipole-dipole interaction, the stability of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate depends not only on the strength of the contact interaction, but also on the trapping geometry. We investigate the stability diagram and find good agreement with a universal stability threshold arising from a simple theoretical model. Using a pancake-shaped trap with the dipoles oriented along the short axis of the trap, we are able to tune the scattering length to zero, stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas.
cond-mat.other
we report on the experimental observation of the dipolar collapse of a quantum gas which sets in when we reduce the contact interaction below some critical value using a feshbach resonance due to the anisotropy of the dipoledipole interaction the stability of a dipolar boseeinstein condensate depends not only on the strength of the contact interaction but also on the trapping geometry we investigate the stability diagram and find good agreement with a universal stability threshold arising from a simple theoretical model using a pancakeshaped trap with the dipoles oriented along the short axis of the trap we are able to tune the scattering length to zero stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas
[['we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'experimental', 'observation', 'of', 'the', 'dipolar', 'collapse', 'of', 'a', 'quantum', 'gas', 'which', 'sets', 'in', 'when', 'we', 'reduce', 'the', 'contact', 'interaction', 'below', 'some', 'critical', 'value', 'using', 'a', 'feshbach', 'resonance', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'anisotropy', 'of', 'the', 'dipoledipole', 'interaction', 'the', 'stability', 'of', 'a', 'dipolar', 'boseeinstein', 'condensate', 'depends', 'not', 'only', 'on', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'contact', 'interaction', 'but', 'also', 'on', 'the', 'trapping', 'geometry', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'stability', 'diagram', 'and', 'find', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'a', 'universal', 'stability', 'threshold', 'arising', 'from', 'a', 'simple', 'theoretical', 'model', 'using', 'a', 'pancakeshaped', 'trap', 'with', 'the', 'dipoles', 'oriented', 'along', 'the', 'short', 'axis', 'of', 'the', 'trap', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'tune', 'the', 'scattering', 'length', 'to', 'zero', 'stabilizing', 'a', 'purely', 'dipolar', 'quantum', 'gas']]
[-0.18992024328275295, 0.17795386452194864, -0.06647466108268868, 0.04668190938923343, -0.04317591927813745, -0.1346667124292261, 0.06333735653207498, 0.36816944828075643, -0.24270840654298004, -0.24893478086152304, 0.01915778184569218, -0.2642703431007345, -0.09855839416829754, 0.18399261766673783, 0.05489734028655607, 0.017377115547063605, 0.043627905431698054, 0.048581770662449106, -0.06715505505063102, -0.2101389063827166, 0.3394303282020218, 0.04924570348122017, 0.2685578702495689, 0.14649721840396523, 0.06345800004602797, 0.0308229940185175, 0.11528608281643385, 0.03171792489979251, -0.2054049544926502, 0.10235338750222195, 0.13132036599048322, -0.05204036955997776, 0.20074831999137027, -0.41718389919703514, -0.16937291298465457, 0.0905464391751561, 0.16761076748288706, 0.19922007517621285, -0.06323364179733877, -0.29716381286394544, -0.016698199064693355, -0.1523806983213542, -0.16464605701230137, -0.0735093671210374, 0.003941887561067016, 0.07936797612470335, -0.2470799213052785, 0.0638418799960075, 0.07717946417365981, 0.1090654958599964, -0.11121232546577477, -0.0455719461763459, 0.01414993793530538, 0.07265135651558383, 0.0006809465708705572, 0.04812715234712953, 0.18600529032157717, -0.15959895126093016, -0.04987949539651781, 0.39089409520734203, -0.1072309048129328, -0.15849564883825, 0.2182448649185553, -0.1564962487313402, -0.044756712095268006, 0.16183572525438744, 0.16940489307301432, 0.05555427970315239, -0.08667433062278299, 0.06466050192134752, -0.03027078124026941, 0.20765018754894227, 0.05801631199954226, -0.012611789666530903, 0.2775148762167489, 0.17538072912854893, 0.03569532378650872, 0.18601263194155376, -0.1184422962750778, -0.14721280155472655, -0.29736715082936316, -0.09462926210681043, -0.21057149842875986, 0.044402947446534335, -0.06245498259052679, -0.19769399016024133, 0.3785370288301358, 0.15066473231345942, 0.256917856361684, 0.007123426086088, 0.3066427703221551, 0.1045980817263336, 0.0642484726746921, 0.009749201208814583, 0.32457065811113917, 0.18980501899269073, 0.06819976562123119, -0.33108328081939403, 0.030306945719747944, 0.01529162706996817]
710.3644
Heavy-fermion metals with hybridization nodes: Unconventional Fermi liquids and competing phases
Microscopic models for heavy-fermion materials often assume a local, i.e., momentum-independent, hybridization between the conduction band and the local-moment f electrons. Motivated by recent experiments, we consider situations where this neglect of momentum dependence is inappropriate, namely when the hybridization function has nodes in momentum space. We explore the thermodynamic and optical properties of the highly anisotropic heavy Fermi liquid, resulting from Kondo screening in a higher angular-momentum channel. The dichotomy in momentum space has interesting consequences: While e.g. the low-temperature specific heat is dominated by heavy quasiparticles, the electrical conductivity at intermediate temperatures is carried by unhybridized light electrons. We then discuss aspects of the competition between Kondo effect and ordering phenomena induced by inter-moment exchange: We propose that the strong momentum-space anisotropy plays a vital role in selecting competing phases. Explicit results are obtained for the interplay of unconventional hybridization with unconventional, magnetically mediated, superconductivity, utilizing variants of large-N mean-field theory. We make connections to recent experiments on CeCoIn5 and other heavy-fermion materials.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.stat-mech
microscopic models for heavyfermion materials often assume a local ie momentumindependent hybridization between the conduction band and the localmoment f electrons motivated by recent experiments we consider situations where this neglect of momentum dependence is inappropriate namely when the hybridization function has nodes in momentum space we explore the thermodynamic and optical properties of the highly anisotropic heavy fermi liquid resulting from kondo screening in a higher angularmomentum channel the dichotomy in momentum space has interesting consequences while eg the lowtemperature specific heat is dominated by heavy quasiparticles the electrical conductivity at intermediate temperatures is carried by unhybridized light electrons we then discuss aspects of the competition between kondo effect and ordering phenomena induced by intermoment exchange we propose that the strong momentumspace anisotropy plays a vital role in selecting competing phases explicit results are obtained for the interplay of unconventional hybridization with unconventional magnetically mediated superconductivity utilizing variants of largen meanfield theory we make connections to recent experiments on cecoin5 and other heavyfermion materials
[['microscopic', 'models', 'for', 'heavyfermion', 'materials', 'often', 'assume', 'a', 'local', 'ie', 'momentumindependent', 'hybridization', 'between', 'the', 'conduction', 'band', 'and', 'the', 'localmoment', 'f', 'electrons', 'motivated', 'by', 'recent', 'experiments', 'we', 'consider', 'situations', 'where', 'this', 'neglect', 'of', 'momentum', 'dependence', 'is', 'inappropriate', 'namely', 'when', 'the', 'hybridization', 'function', 'has', 'nodes', 'in', 'momentum', 'space', 'we', 'explore', 'the', 'thermodynamic', 'and', 'optical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'highly', 'anisotropic', 'heavy', 'fermi', 'liquid', 'resulting', 'from', 'kondo', 'screening', 'in', 'a', 'higher', 'angularmomentum', 'channel', 'the', 'dichotomy', 'in', 'momentum', 'space', 'has', 'interesting', 'consequences', 'while', 'eg', 'the', 'lowtemperature', 'specific', 'heat', 'is', 'dominated', 'by', 'heavy', 'quasiparticles', 'the', 'electrical', 'conductivity', 'at', 'intermediate', 'temperatures', 'is', 'carried', 'by', 'unhybridized', 'light', 'electrons', 'we', 'then', 'discuss', 'aspects', 'of', 'the', 'competition', 'between', 'kondo', 'effect', 'and', 'ordering', 'phenomena', 'induced', 'by', 'intermoment', 'exchange', 'we', 'propose', 'that', 'the', 'strong', 'momentumspace', 'anisotropy', 'plays', 'a', 'vital', 'role', 'in', 'selecting', 'competing', 'phases', 'explicit', 'results', 'are', 'obtained', 'for', 'the', 'interplay', 'of', 'unconventional', 'hybridization', 'with', 'unconventional', 'magnetically', 'mediated', 'superconductivity', 'utilizing', 'variants', 'of', 'largen', 'meanfield', 'theory', 'we', 'make', 'connections', 'to', 'recent', 'experiments', 'on', 'cecoin5', 'and', 'other', 'heavyfermion', 'materials']]
[-0.17570523963389328, 0.24585929195674863, -0.04212552487350455, 0.10258266646784117, -0.0745909563208953, -0.1592185615686836, 0.10248354744242799, 0.3403379012427361, -0.2769142571473267, -0.273366921132703, -0.04071709971943098, -0.3578843981930532, -0.14570663182246613, 0.1475324397679509, 0.05337241407350365, -0.01692607679699616, -0.019532477241804506, -0.0700742067565443, -0.12056778684626163, -0.18062998027052368, 0.36028773249581275, 0.040680845171531164, 0.3147435336992735, 0.13520284962449783, 0.049518655321174644, 0.05574531669489949, 0.06442469462650124, 0.031051470514418127, -0.13372584468809848, 0.04656320197008005, 0.27528628465115174, -0.08711482818158935, 0.2305048910770338, -0.46833679873905165, -0.2530661314248857, 0.054096536858507044, 0.13555797193049973, 0.10945991556040897, -0.10174374377337943, -0.2502681624723553, -0.011487605507349277, -0.1531443754324644, -0.09070661609102233, -0.13738926115627514, -0.0023361729719199057, -0.01936046524514961, -0.2526443712583675, 0.1460104143692794, 0.05118671409422305, 0.10048012721789547, -0.07255545791051146, -0.14467500665838398, -0.052079257228775176, 0.05268314451198576, 0.1037065330516581, 0.015403368400989055, 0.133013085112907, -0.163886378137338, -0.114678732018702, 0.3742000212858817, -0.031359620781320076, -0.10707859016909468, 0.21639803808967573, -0.1484801672646959, -0.09974881388224298, 0.10529180474738341, 0.1125713703655581, 0.06434446808217638, -0.13011991755553115, 0.12594670438202007, -0.021520085221088333, 0.10554145823130612, -0.010706275003030896, 0.11523068745453025, 0.26425779486080725, 0.21274306248801067, -0.002435492950764189, 0.14144400940681295, -0.10156157091629078, -0.09663120357933022, -0.22379091197465797, -0.13649640163185256, -0.21084258696007566, 0.04307023635156816, -0.07300573883247391, -0.13709338875373872, 0.39259025360537103, 0.16208698058427418, 0.20118684735626163, -0.1088408146098983, 0.23990166683613165, 0.10286097169822514, 0.03119688979974698, 0.07244670980683778, 0.2521437359661454, 0.1422544418956244, 0.10255642085784773, -0.325088891131156, 0.08837059551776137, 0.06939345862852728]
710.3645
The k-generalized distribution: A new descriptive model for the size distribution of incomes
This paper proposes the k-generalized distribution as a model for describing the distribution and dispersion of income within a population. Formulas for the shape, moments and standard tools for inequality measurement - such as the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient - are given. A method for parameter estimation is also discussed. The model is shown to fit extremely well the data on personal income distribution in Australia and the United States.
q-fin.GN physics.soc-ph
this paper proposes the kgeneralized distribution as a model for describing the distribution and dispersion of income within a population formulas for the shape moments and standard tools for inequality measurement such as the lorenz curve and the gini coefficient are given a method for parameter estimation is also discussed the model is shown to fit extremely well the data on personal income distribution in australia and the united states
[['this', 'paper', 'proposes', 'the', 'kgeneralized', 'distribution', 'as', 'a', 'model', 'for', 'describing', 'the', 'distribution', 'and', 'dispersion', 'of', 'income', 'within', 'a', 'population', 'formulas', 'for', 'the', 'shape', 'moments', 'and', 'standard', 'tools', 'for', 'inequality', 'measurement', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'lorenz', 'curve', 'and', 'the', 'gini', 'coefficient', 'are', 'given', 'a', 'method', 'for', 'parameter', 'estimation', 'is', 'also', 'discussed', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'fit', 'extremely', 'well', 'the', 'data', 'on', 'personal', 'income', 'distribution', 'in', 'australia', 'and', 'the', 'united', 'states']]
[-0.018620862411002494, 0.057439928927591866, -0.12540311790736658, 0.13823959387040563, -0.03339512595640762, -0.13325315634720028, 0.040366557228844614, 0.3313062878857766, -0.2340574167003589, -0.33550558228577887, 0.12517103220702017, -0.31290096201534784, -0.12954007903380052, 0.22315927926850107, -0.09864493011326496, 0.08312505644613079, 0.029016267774360522, 0.022272076717178735, -0.003976213057259364, -0.20615421552211047, 0.2813134506477841, 0.045070996933749746, 0.33313660790611593, 0.039253238601876156, 0.11878754712275362, 0.02640183086373976, -0.023565974957974894, 0.009535840286740234, -0.1262559265962669, 0.1500717000329002, 0.22524584259372205, 0.15568476829544775, 0.2535372126049229, -0.3086352992270674, -0.2105563139143799, 0.10240395233766841, 0.12427057663111814, 0.07777037667110562, -0.03257612334065405, -0.29072311978255, 0.002343389485031366, -0.22477508591754095, -0.2069393372828407, -0.07482302440330386, 0.055144411564937657, 0.059567137471666295, -0.32799589620637043, 0.14787419045501987, -0.005546982997163598, 0.08930963917560543, -0.07309329541666167, -0.15563952376666879, -0.035932881581330935, 0.12575446103832552, 0.06623287609711821, -0.03324706829818232, 0.09381977932394615, -0.14685934915822665, -0.05173489302396774, 0.3799768588106547, -0.06641814839760107, -0.21199137313025337, 0.07080151030261601, -0.15379198949251857, -0.14090130073018373, 0.005100792979023286, 0.20311367004843695, 0.07476196044257709, -0.1884899480002267, 0.05173299281658339, -0.04955792198223727, 0.15845203463520321, 0.02290981323125639, -0.013757572136819362, 0.16055859457701444, 0.13681075208421264, 0.06947781159209886, 0.11854215519768851, -0.14092142503109895, -0.12581926004162858, -0.2992037948819676, -0.1823053240776062, -0.2176272657899452, 0.007349181135318109, -0.1072361810590207, -0.17277486740702963, 0.4408808841237, 0.07886210544300931, 0.19665283068482364, 0.1114345025154762, 0.2810442740097642, 0.13814046591453785, 0.028867246318675044, 0.06844135547123317, 0.16825605782547168, 0.12154277842491865, 0.11677686548459211, -0.15181077302300505, 0.1608287174454225, 0.02665267444348761]
710.3646
Thermodynamic time asymmetry in nonequilibrium fluctuations
We here present the complete analysis of experiments on driven Brownian motion and electric noise in a $RC$ circuit, showing that thermodynamic entropy production can be related to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry in the statistical description of these nonequilibrium systems. The symmetry breaking can be expressed in terms of dynamical entropies per unit time, one for the forward process and the other for the time-reversed process. These entropies per unit time characterize dynamical randomness, i.e., temporal disorder, in time series of the nonequilibrium fluctuations. Their difference gives the well-known thermodynamic entropy production, which thus finds its origin in the time asymmetry of dynamical randomness, alias temporal disorder, in systems driven out of equilibrium.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we here present the complete analysis of experiments on driven brownian motion and electric noise in a rc circuit showing that thermodynamic entropy production can be related to the breaking of timereversal symmetry in the statistical description of these nonequilibrium systems the symmetry breaking can be expressed in terms of dynamical entropies per unit time one for the forward process and the other for the timereversed process these entropies per unit time characterize dynamical randomness ie temporal disorder in time series of the nonequilibrium fluctuations their difference gives the wellknown thermodynamic entropy production which thus finds its origin in the time asymmetry of dynamical randomness alias temporal disorder in systems driven out of equilibrium
[['we', 'here', 'present', 'the', 'complete', 'analysis', 'of', 'experiments', 'on', 'driven', 'brownian', 'motion', 'and', 'electric', 'noise', 'in', 'a', 'rc', 'circuit', 'showing', 'that', 'thermodynamic', 'entropy', 'production', 'can', 'be', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'breaking', 'of', 'timereversal', 'symmetry', 'in', 'the', 'statistical', 'description', 'of', 'these', 'nonequilibrium', 'systems', 'the', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'can', 'be', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'dynamical', 'entropies', 'per', 'unit', 'time', 'one', 'for', 'the', 'forward', 'process', 'and', 'the', 'other', 'for', 'the', 'timereversed', 'process', 'these', 'entropies', 'per', 'unit', 'time', 'characterize', 'dynamical', 'randomness', 'ie', 'temporal', 'disorder', 'in', 'time', 'series', 'of', 'the', 'nonequilibrium', 'fluctuations', 'their', 'difference', 'gives', 'the', 'wellknown', 'thermodynamic', 'entropy', 'production', 'which', 'thus', 'finds', 'its', 'origin', 'in', 'the', 'time', 'asymmetry', 'of', 'dynamical', 'randomness', 'alias', 'temporal', 'disorder', 'in', 'systems', 'driven', 'out', 'of', 'equilibrium']]
[-0.1776913838877686, 0.17801851649327496, -0.10815580660607993, 0.06547170121079385, 0.03481573318212963, -0.11735661309763887, 0.06892710491982207, 0.32422031991575895, -0.3237509809704007, -0.24611144043962685, 0.06260002632993028, -0.2911803993118698, -0.07858435831669915, 0.15092469537794068, -0.0356711947426543, 0.093613269752639, -0.014435172603841414, 0.04365859813824819, -0.041953370147670636, -0.204633774538116, 0.2642235110203425, 0.0368988014647345, 0.27089463079372716, 0.0656574348053127, 0.07552101960601776, -0.004150272330694031, -0.018216742793906872, 0.01622844444130335, -0.10499939990155613, 0.06626270061130063, 0.19827073370514994, 0.08013988240099136, 0.22354735054173752, -0.44204444152286704, -0.23589407788230138, 0.1162992714753113, 0.13051793842347698, 0.11204573915956803, -0.03187159795759311, -0.27127950164701853, -0.0011065376783606776, -0.13792366303683243, -0.11860592072633536, -0.11634116016099588, 0.03296794339998119, 0.025898685899416084, -0.22435708322129294, 0.18066835596038258, 0.10299911515469655, 0.08274265634010367, -0.04204527579611494, -0.018211801740618653, -0.07974089173959535, 0.12061069074511659, 0.041844907649200444, -0.009512790723850853, 0.17163345627200774, -0.09567720672368937, -0.17285008317578518, 0.38044927917061405, -0.046766570124881376, -0.19791965031783962, 0.17144143172302856, -0.19350192023098076, -0.1735320005141068, 0.11933068345962583, 0.16572089246351665, 0.08954311239026617, -0.19201907296583318, 0.04729616686011452, 0.04040339349752717, 0.17824753545829208, 0.054064909363851735, 0.10354156654916312, 0.2325656250478667, 0.15389899986289574, 0.017171876668407207, 0.18985616501774066, -0.05126900350666817, -0.2086204297926375, -0.34433226574420633, -0.17203563359043186, -0.19128743123687936, 0.09996271047336784, -0.11345884322751469, -0.15505814959964992, 0.4006025489223631, 0.17413108071246952, 0.16577453115595536, 0.03505666374960065, 0.25565952996380237, 0.18485908180867372, 0.03401711788396106, 0.023259107062282663, 0.20197235688714213, 0.12100400821420185, 0.12280025668523945, -0.30354970817356125, 0.08416914168271449, 0.0738765940789068]
710.3647
Asymptotic approximation of nonparametric regression experiments with unknown variances
Asymptotic equivalence results for nonparametric regression experiments have always assumed that the variances of the observations are known. In practice, however the variance of each observation is generally considered to be an unknown nuisance parameter. We establish an asymptotic approximation to the nonparametric regression experiment when the value of the variance is an additional parameter to be estimated or tested. This asymptotically equivalent experiment has two components: the first contains all the information about the variance and the second has all the information about the mean. The result can be extended to regression problems where the variance varies slowly from observation to observation.
math.ST stat.TH
asymptotic equivalence results for nonparametric regression experiments have always assumed that the variances of the observations are known in practice however the variance of each observation is generally considered to be an unknown nuisance parameter we establish an asymptotic approximation to the nonparametric regression experiment when the value of the variance is an additional parameter to be estimated or tested this asymptotically equivalent experiment has two components the first contains all the information about the variance and the second has all the information about the mean the result can be extended to regression problems where the variance varies slowly from observation to observation
[['asymptotic', 'equivalence', 'results', 'for', 'nonparametric', 'regression', 'experiments', 'have', 'always', 'assumed', 'that', 'the', 'variances', 'of', 'the', 'observations', 'are', 'known', 'in', 'practice', 'however', 'the', 'variance', 'of', 'each', 'observation', 'is', 'generally', 'considered', 'to', 'be', 'an', 'unknown', 'nuisance', 'parameter', 'we', 'establish', 'an', 'asymptotic', 'approximation', 'to', 'the', 'nonparametric', 'regression', 'experiment', 'when', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'variance', 'is', 'an', 'additional', 'parameter', 'to', 'be', 'estimated', 'or', 'tested', 'this', 'asymptotically', 'equivalent', 'experiment', 'has', 'two', 'components', 'the', 'first', 'contains', 'all', 'the', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'variance', 'and', 'the', 'second', 'has', 'all', 'the', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'mean', 'the', 'result', 'can', 'be', 'extended', 'to', 'regression', 'problems', 'where', 'the', 'variance', 'varies', 'slowly', 'from', 'observation', 'to', 'observation']]
[-0.07244349505245976, 0.08309467295645306, -0.11971568064854561, 0.0950275840818683, -0.10036867099714655, -0.13989870381333586, 0.007040834004620036, 0.3734601606859021, -0.2648351130808152, -0.2994966069733706, 0.19014518415822096, -0.2925039140001229, -0.09919402697033168, 0.16983523465539282, -0.08778430029605198, 0.05170939885785134, 0.03297983909260879, 0.09485744173159298, -0.05242363884999842, -0.2994735448178157, 0.26559359673975774, 0.08325621881748288, 0.26184565583876906, -0.03322151443102732, 0.11190510750070069, -0.008099480170431068, -0.047611453507131744, 0.023465774989533193, -0.12944595534977496, 0.07642508410279034, 0.28750389963569284, 0.13128455919190987, 0.32376157826499885, -0.3444454805220215, -0.21669323533520246, 0.16864950091067196, 0.14400758011519765, 0.0857885946492547, 0.040488082274695116, -0.2675062804528087, 0.038734262492688534, -0.10567430256938254, -0.11502307813469935, -0.04395573410359256, -0.021034875455158718, -0.008001821383481248, -0.3385771722758858, 0.10377436368364515, 0.0673051028042236, 0.01841045757846057, -0.05466467289828234, -0.162258185541203, 0.029316636891945184, 0.12329772869447128, 0.14666840326927097, 0.016106173227703906, 0.09631807276147228, -0.10036729574084816, -0.0896361925395079, 0.2949667162379449, -0.08061518644895947, -0.22354307541967305, 0.13517923702404483, -0.15581869940698437, -0.12798364264257614, 0.11803396694018568, 0.1547294779526956, 0.07537554222999991, -0.1793438935980429, 0.06257210527173723, -0.054723558169834825, 0.2018269653459197, 0.028647708980077246, -0.016904165088967645, 0.14636770539546332, 0.14607317653683566, 0.08788694104893773, 0.1125611631206499, -0.13089104629691364, -0.07812053214383392, -0.31076415560267034, -0.13174053208136172, -0.22849203825892103, 0.007546865110041447, -0.15137357719553957, -0.16072354437240843, 0.35515102608472976, 0.19633761843557931, 0.217090041738329, 0.08796821135882903, 0.30947703005094984, 0.16613870282042592, 0.05123713011265669, 0.08081014039338504, 0.27872493745108107, 0.14440235258667794, -0.013454644289771908, -0.167588630625899, 0.15296588010760476, -0.019863701868549133]
710.3648
Hydrodynamic stability and mode coupling in Keplerian flows: local strato-rotational analysis
Aims. Qualitative analysis of key (but yet unappreciated) linear phenomena in stratified hydrodynamic Keplerian flows: (i) the occurrence of a vortex mode, as a consequence of strato-rotational balance, with its transient dynamics; (ii) the generation of spiral-density waves (also called inertia-gravity or $g\Omega$ waves) by the vortex mode through linear mode coupling in shear flows. Methods. Non-modal analysis of linearized Boussinesq equations written in the shearing sheet approximation of accretion disk flows. Results. It is shown that the combined action of rotation and stratification introduces a new degree of freedom -- vortex mode perturbation -- which is linearly coupled with the spiral-density waves. These two modes are jointly able to extract energy from the background flow and they govern the disk dynamics in the small-scale range. The transient behavior of these modes is determined by the non-normality of the Keplerian shear flow. Tightly leading vortex mode perturbations undergo substantial transient growth, then, becoming trailing, inevitably generate trailing spiral-density waves by linear mode coupling. This course of events -- transient growth plus coupling -- is particularly pronounced for perturbation harmonics with comparable azimuthal and vertical scales and it renders the energy dynamics similar to the 3D unbounded plane Couette flow case. Conclusions. Our investigation strongly suggests that the so-called bypass concept of turbulence, which has been recently developed by the hydrodynamic community for spectrally stable shear flows, can also be applied to Keplerian disks. This conjecture may be confirmed by appropriate numerical simulations that take in account the vertical stratification and consequent mode coupling in the high Reynolds number regime.
astro-ph
aims qualitative analysis of key but yet unappreciated linear phenomena in stratified hydrodynamic keplerian flows i the occurrence of a vortex mode as a consequence of stratorotational balance with its transient dynamics ii the generation of spiraldensity waves also called inertiagravity or gomega waves by the vortex mode through linear mode coupling in shear flows methods nonmodal analysis of linearized boussinesq equations written in the shearing sheet approximation of accretion disk flows results it is shown that the combined action of rotation and stratification introduces a new degree of freedom vortex mode perturbation which is linearly coupled with the spiraldensity waves these two modes are jointly able to extract energy from the background flow and they govern the disk dynamics in the smallscale range the transient behavior of these modes is determined by the nonnormality of the keplerian shear flow tightly leading vortex mode perturbations undergo substantial transient growth then becoming trailing inevitably generate trailing spiraldensity waves by linear mode coupling this course of events transient growth plus coupling is particularly pronounced for perturbation harmonics with comparable azimuthal and vertical scales and it renders the energy dynamics similar to the 3d unbounded plane couette flow case conclusions our investigation strongly suggests that the socalled bypass concept of turbulence which has been recently developed by the hydrodynamic community for spectrally stable shear flows can also be applied to keplerian disks this conjecture may be confirmed by appropriate numerical simulations that take in account the vertical stratification and consequent mode coupling in the high reynolds number regime
[['aims', 'qualitative', 'analysis', 'of', 'key', 'but', 'yet', 'unappreciated', 'linear', 'phenomena', 'in', 'stratified', 'hydrodynamic', 'keplerian', 'flows', 'i', 'the', 'occurrence', 'of', 'a', 'vortex', 'mode', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'stratorotational', 'balance', 'with', 'its', 'transient', 'dynamics', 'ii', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'spiraldensity', 'waves', 'also', 'called', 'inertiagravity', 'or', 'gomega', 'waves', 'by', 'the', 'vortex', 'mode', 'through', 'linear', 'mode', 'coupling', 'in', 'shear', 'flows', 'methods', 'nonmodal', 'analysis', 'of', 'linearized', 'boussinesq', 'equations', 'written', 'in', 'the', 'shearing', 'sheet', 'approximation', 'of', 'accretion', 'disk', 'flows', 'results', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'combined', 'action', 'of', 'rotation', 'and', 'stratification', 'introduces', 'a', 'new', 'degree', 'of', 'freedom', 'vortex', 'mode', 'perturbation', 'which', 'is', 'linearly', 'coupled', 'with', 'the', 'spiraldensity', 'waves', 'these', 'two', 'modes', 'are', 'jointly', 'able', 'to', 'extract', 'energy', 'from', 'the', 'background', 'flow', 'and', 'they', 'govern', 'the', 'disk', 'dynamics', 'in', 'the', 'smallscale', 'range', 'the', 'transient', 'behavior', 'of', 'these', 'modes', 'is', 'determined', 'by', 'the', 'nonnormality', 'of', 'the', 'keplerian', 'shear', 'flow', 'tightly', 'leading', 'vortex', 'mode', 'perturbations', 'undergo', 'substantial', 'transient', 'growth', 'then', 'becoming', 'trailing', 'inevitably', 'generate', 'trailing', 'spiraldensity', 'waves', 'by', 'linear', 'mode', 'coupling', 'this', 'course', 'of', 'events', 'transient', 'growth', 'plus', 'coupling', 'is', 'particularly', 'pronounced', 'for', 'perturbation', 'harmonics', 'with', 'comparable', 'azimuthal', 'and', 'vertical', 'scales', 'and', 'it', 'renders', 'the', 'energy', 'dynamics', 'similar', 'to', 'the', '3d', 'unbounded', 'plane', 'couette', 'flow', 'case', 'conclusions', 'our', 'investigation', 'strongly', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'socalled', 'bypass', 'concept', 'of', 'turbulence', 'which', 'has', 'been', 'recently', 'developed', 'by', 'the', 'hydrodynamic', 'community', 'for', 'spectrally', 'stable', 'shear', 'flows', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'applied', 'to', 'keplerian', 'disks', 'this', 'conjecture', 'may', 'be', 'confirmed', 'by', 'appropriate', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'that', 'take', 'in', 'account', 'the', 'vertical', 'stratification', 'and', 'consequent', 'mode', 'coupling', 'in', 'the', 'high', 'reynolds', 'number', 'regime']]
[-0.19545365782390695, 0.19329219542023743, -0.10321899892068377, 0.04389163682365096, -0.09489580460769288, -0.09650951798676569, -0.047988414402832004, 0.2825587323738956, -0.2995455267008248, -0.24172250796839886, 0.10146294489466384, -0.23734059059289375, -0.13889052564958476, 0.18860640179858926, 0.010297012343710544, 0.06063686272873561, 0.07237069504084431, -0.05805987456411708, 0.04444095981992124, -0.15467366653439754, 0.3020829399426778, 0.08462437246104373, 0.2974121543606195, -0.005899222245595108, 0.06544789213632397, -0.06204462696378137, -0.04411677600560235, 0.06054268071756643, -0.1783858795919371, 0.026352231907566973, 0.22482001601242432, 0.029397786829584077, 0.26080697116022017, -0.48068493564667947, -0.24383767288926916, 0.010555661247824045, 0.1904370699826555, 0.12646459002942578, -0.02922448670016784, -0.22538710892766567, 0.05146171995164717, -0.15481094646355475, -0.16211117151211582, -0.08381393305619485, 0.027266913617723713, 0.036102044457962335, -0.2630224621252102, 0.1413348466100847, 0.1067968596962244, 0.06463407027516879, -0.06303223291293297, -0.0032968514142375366, -0.11105638407262079, 0.05475381461163873, 0.12172341516752745, 0.03307187149264649, 0.1567461976500721, -0.1439842534349665, -0.06387005212543277, 0.39435793698272287, -0.10324035344710152, -0.1929685418533992, 0.20833482265691547, -0.18205487342350476, -0.07140935708074739, 0.2132463177173015, 0.20168052390583005, 0.0990538859723921, -0.0791062484513603, 0.0016606317109464869, -0.0245057154665975, 0.16168481645210847, 0.10704221834574698, -0.01361682660987272, 0.2727449200043053, 0.14051310318138668, 0.05659774242325083, 0.11453946061459754, -0.1170576356387898, -0.10324287219977409, -0.25885005949759016, -0.07683112631990191, -0.11550152572202861, 0.015371615247910513, -0.087050795020232, -0.17873906843471524, 0.394713255123911, 0.08501391656418313, 0.15530545301735402, 0.008386584303305283, 0.3007900236064897, 0.135627175681293, 0.07567981936074063, 0.12729003616590417, 0.33676435520470727, 0.1920953336071369, 0.13138138839755864, -0.2767768074566608, 0.03857574493843405, 0.06398489786056327]
710.3649
CMB Temperature Polarization Correlation and Primordial Gravitational Waves
We examine the use of the CMB's TE cross correlation power spectrum as a complementary test to detect primordial gravitational waves (PGWs). The first method used is based on the determination of the lowest multipole, $\ell_0$, where the TE power spectrum, $C_{\ell}^{TE}$, first changes sign. The second method uses Wiener filtering on the CMB TE data to remove the density perturbations contribution to the TE power spectrum. In principle this leaves only the contribution of PGWs. We examine two toy experiments (one ideal and another more realistic) to see their ability to constrain PGWs using the TE power spectrum alone. We found that an ideal experiment, one limited only by cosmic variance, can detect PGWs with a ratio of tensor to scalar metric perturbation power spectra $r=0.3$ at 99.9% confidence level using only the TE correlation. This value is comparable with current constraints obtained by WMAP based on the $2\sigma$ upper limits to the B-mode amplitude. We demonstrate that to measure PGWs by their contribution to the TE cross correlation power spectrum in a realistic ground based experiment when real instrumental noise is taken into account, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, should be approximately three times larger.
astro-ph
we examine the use of the cmbs te cross correlation power spectrum as a complementary test to detect primordial gravitational waves pgws the first method used is based on the determination of the lowest multipole ell_0 where the te power spectrum c_ellte first changes sign the second method uses wiener filtering on the cmb te data to remove the density perturbations contribution to the te power spectrum in principle this leaves only the contribution of pgws we examine two toy experiments one ideal and another more realistic to see their ability to constrain pgws using the te power spectrum alone we found that an ideal experiment one limited only by cosmic variance can detect pgws with a ratio of tensor to scalar metric perturbation power spectra r03 at 999 confidence level using only the te correlation this value is comparable with current constraints obtained by wmap based on the 2sigma upper limits to the bmode amplitude we demonstrate that to measure pgws by their contribution to the te cross correlation power spectrum in a realistic ground based experiment when real instrumental noise is taken into account the tensortoscalar ratio r should be approximately three times larger
[['we', 'examine', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'the', 'cmbs', 'te', 'cross', 'correlation', 'power', 'spectrum', 'as', 'a', 'complementary', 'test', 'to', 'detect', 'primordial', 'gravitational', 'waves', 'pgws', 'the', 'first', 'method', 'used', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'the', 'lowest', 'multipole', 'ell_0', 'where', 'the', 'te', 'power', 'spectrum', 'c_ellte', 'first', 'changes', 'sign', 'the', 'second', 'method', 'uses', 'wiener', 'filtering', 'on', 'the', 'cmb', 'te', 'data', 'to', 'remove', 'the', 'density', 'perturbations', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'te', 'power', 'spectrum', 'in', 'principle', 'this', 'leaves', 'only', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'pgws', 'we', 'examine', 'two', 'toy', 'experiments', 'one', 'ideal', 'and', 'another', 'more', 'realistic', 'to', 'see', 'their', 'ability', 'to', 'constrain', 'pgws', 'using', 'the', 'te', 'power', 'spectrum', 'alone', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'an', 'ideal', 'experiment', 'one', 'limited', 'only', 'by', 'cosmic', 'variance', 'can', 'detect', 'pgws', 'with', 'a', 'ratio', 'of', 'tensor', 'to', 'scalar', 'metric', 'perturbation', 'power', 'spectra', 'r03', 'at', '999', 'confidence', 'level', 'using', 'only', 'the', 'te', 'correlation', 'this', 'value', 'is', 'comparable', 'with', 'current', 'constraints', 'obtained', 'by', 'wmap', 'based', 'on', 'the', '2sigma', 'upper', 'limits', 'to', 'the', 'bmode', 'amplitude', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'to', 'measure', 'pgws', 'by', 'their', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'te', 'cross', 'correlation', 'power', 'spectrum', 'in', 'a', 'realistic', 'ground', 'based', 'experiment', 'when', 'real', 'instrumental', 'noise', 'is', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'tensortoscalar', 'ratio', 'r', 'should', 'be', 'approximately', 'three', 'times', 'larger']]
[-0.11086881362642043, 0.08171399033170205, -0.06378118844272998, 0.1051199455273887, -0.08882159710599062, -0.10613753823563457, 0.004469105988764801, 0.3170643771019502, -0.24071941161289429, -0.30858018416433763, 0.0533933526585595, -0.34388756546645594, -0.08356613099861604, 0.1880697270568747, 0.04047601191470256, 0.02302092328094519, 0.003215692099183798, 0.01766308022854038, -0.03730877339123533, -0.23017474479289748, 0.2902286957555379, 0.1887163393223324, 0.31663362715775384, 0.036105413543872346, 0.042041673101126574, -0.02662741128020944, -0.07226467730525213, 0.035418143505469346, -0.10779109968817256, 0.08912892592208943, 0.210144732834231, 0.1478800671772124, 0.18118378700784002, -0.38721774431088796, -0.17426193159384032, 0.1397483707907108, 0.09500918797909831, 0.0791750528706381, 0.0057375290469141105, -0.2521672911464404, 0.09811944924697924, -0.17125052253429132, -0.07090182619121595, -0.07216225671701325, 0.007928557712166833, -0.04624604645352333, -0.292361641364793, 0.10922207119635856, 0.009580225853297191, 0.005052183175501294, -0.04292934124286358, -0.1457100982347933, -0.04850376565725757, 0.06050456316905836, 0.050693222327539936, 0.0018125610229804013, 0.15455912607244382, -0.07401605611308835, -0.0719318403548991, 0.3766416302953775, -0.1823301673341447, -0.17619437266809818, 0.09335581907309974, -0.21541969707140174, -0.12661971043174466, 0.11594871300487564, 0.1830535743639279, 0.06574393280375844, -0.11952855371525332, 0.07299015596956732, 0.06457716664000868, 0.26025544550174323, 0.090491730441602, 0.026383084880235868, 0.2562782814248632, 0.08657555191371685, 0.0884584747469769, 0.11160927831063955, -0.17040003460402098, 0.02815125316906816, -0.2702382441323537, -0.0817167906030917, -0.21475152008784695, 0.057804867343451735, -0.10885169421530101, -0.12500229292393972, 0.4209007360614263, 0.17581647727399682, 0.2080382632715508, 0.054495550066423724, 0.3910757659146419, 0.15343467744980724, 0.024189453257414967, 0.03762479028007828, 0.33188622168575727, 0.13062991847236377, 0.08565175750842079, -0.22227803486868, 0.007567371351596637, -0.006791987175492045]
710.365
Linearization of holomorphic germs with quasi-Brjuno fixed points
Let $f$ be a germ of holomorphic diffeomorphism of $\C^n$ fixing the origin $O$, with $df_O$ diagonalizable. We prove that, under certain arithmetic conditions on the eigenvalues of $df_O$ and some restrictions on the resonances, $f$ is locally holomorphically linearizable if and only if there exists a particular $f$-invariant complex manifold. Most of the classical linearization results can be obtained as corollaries of our result.
math.DS math.CV
let f be a germ of holomorphic diffeomorphism of cn fixing the origin o with df_o diagonalizable we prove that under certain arithmetic conditions on the eigenvalues of df_o and some restrictions on the resonances f is locally holomorphically linearizable if and only if there exists a particular finvariant complex manifold most of the classical linearization results can be obtained as corollaries of our result
[['let', 'f', 'be', 'a', 'germ', 'of', 'holomorphic', 'diffeomorphism', 'of', 'cn', 'fixing', 'the', 'origin', 'o', 'with', 'df_o', 'diagonalizable', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'under', 'certain', 'arithmetic', 'conditions', 'on', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'of', 'df_o', 'and', 'some', 'restrictions', 'on', 'the', 'resonances', 'f', 'is', 'locally', 'holomorphically', 'linearizable', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'particular', 'finvariant', 'complex', 'manifold', 'most', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'linearization', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'as', 'corollaries', 'of', 'our', 'result']]
[-0.2155064855487301, 0.07188263587796917, -0.08883038610219955, 0.011148961097933351, -0.1030519098150902, -0.18874255652324512, 0.007076417081631147, 0.34579891447837535, -0.2834973696565542, -0.16139122216174237, 0.11801824663013506, -0.2369061420743282, -0.1840822856586713, 0.2003755788390453, -0.11827228070738224, -0.007857236185540947, 0.10394078607026201, 0.11116057516684612, -0.08772993937779505, -0.28156631020112677, 0.42134478476185067, -0.09709528475426711, 0.11032256970826823, 0.11330141277464394, 0.09575484183330375, -0.05286769061707533, 0.09068902099433426, -0.017672179771873815, -0.14385901307384932, 0.057954479152193435, 0.28465809180186347, 0.14055498357360752, 0.2343961273893141, -0.37760448985948014, -0.16116525151122074, 0.22732178909130968, 0.14251221565243144, -0.05804722903726193, -0.03258079647874603, -0.2960877676136219, 0.15287809586152434, -0.02965082685964612, -0.1879409918275017, -0.08570904416533617, 0.049785851672864874, 0.022359916990479598, -0.28297231463858713, -0.013246233073564677, 0.15463205836713315, 0.10590162098121185, -0.08146908479169584, -0.09236835877482708, -0.14710280346111038, 0.04748854811231677, 0.024868356003067815, 0.08483330761082471, 0.14211451678465192, -0.006182971489257537, -0.04479232461979756, 0.39467893248567215, -0.09390057921409607, -0.2975073198859508, 0.16057031790081125, -0.18754339275451806, -0.20113577167861738, 0.10099831581688844, 0.06495678445252662, 0.1689505264449578, -0.04059510758289924, 0.2371318684443115, -0.13905291392539557, 0.11899643874404808, 0.13516365182675563, 0.0028329817506556327, 0.09164662847581964, 0.007144203742679495, 0.1385914431598324, 0.0717109973470752, 0.036676900783697, 0.006264813007930151, -0.3844024025476896, -0.14879651555361656, -0.16390360503170925, 0.1964214464649558, -0.13531936278092102, -0.19056764242167656, 0.36156629639176224, 0.04371729772448396, 0.21516740047014676, 0.10632444635176888, 0.19309874515658101, 0.13688784232363105, 0.043470843953008834, 0.11116805386801179, 0.12794732879354762, 0.19269868122557035, -0.07363416084016745, -0.16361643097435052, 0.04069309127875245, 0.15507301814281024]
710.3651
CMB Temperature Polarization Correlation and Primordial Gravitational Waves II: Wiener Filtering and Tests Based on Monte Carlo Simulations
In this paper we continue our study of CMB TE cross correlation as a source of information about primordial gravitational waves. In an accompanying paper, we considered the zero multipole method. In this paper we use Wiener filtering of the CMB TE data to remove the density perturbation contribution to the TE power spectrum. In principle this leaves only the contribution of PGWs. We examine two toy experiments (one ideal and one more realistic), to see how well they constrain PGWs using the TE power spectrum. We consider three tests applied to a combination of observational data and data sets generated by Monte Carlo simulations: (1) Signal-to-Noise test, (2) sign test, and (3) Wilcoxon rank sum test. We compare these tests with each other and with the zero multipole method. Finally, we compare the signal-to-noise ratio of TE correlation measurements first with corresponding signal-to-noise ratios for BB ground based measurements and later with current and future TE correlation space measurements. We found that an ideal TE correlation experiment limited only by cosmic variance can detect PGWs with a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r=0.3$ at 98% confidence level with the $S/N$ test, 93% confidence level with the sign test, and 80% confidence level for the Wilcoxon rank sum test. We also compare all results with corresponding results obtained using the zero multipole method. We demonstrate that to measure PGWs by their contribution to the TE cross correlation power spectrum in a realistic ground based experiment when real instrumental noise is taken into account, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, must be approximately four times larger. In the sense to detect PGWs, the zero multipole method is the best, next best is the S/N test, then the sign test, and the worst is the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
astro-ph
in this paper we continue our study of cmb te cross correlation as a source of information about primordial gravitational waves in an accompanying paper we considered the zero multipole method in this paper we use wiener filtering of the cmb te data to remove the density perturbation contribution to the te power spectrum in principle this leaves only the contribution of pgws we examine two toy experiments one ideal and one more realistic to see how well they constrain pgws using the te power spectrum we consider three tests applied to a combination of observational data and data sets generated by monte carlo simulations 1 signaltonoise test 2 sign test and 3 wilcoxon rank sum test we compare these tests with each other and with the zero multipole method finally we compare the signaltonoise ratio of te correlation measurements first with corresponding signaltonoise ratios for bb ground based measurements and later with current and future te correlation space measurements we found that an ideal te correlation experiment limited only by cosmic variance can detect pgws with a tensortoscalar ratio r03 at 98 confidence level with the sn test 93 confidence level with the sign test and 80 confidence level for the wilcoxon rank sum test we also compare all results with corresponding results obtained using the zero multipole method we demonstrate that to measure pgws by their contribution to the te cross correlation power spectrum in a realistic ground based experiment when real instrumental noise is taken into account the tensortoscalar ratio r must be approximately four times larger in the sense to detect pgws the zero multipole method is the best next best is the sn test then the sign test and the worst is the wilcoxon rank sum test
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'continue', 'our', 'study', 'of', 'cmb', 'te', 'cross', 'correlation', 'as', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'information', 'about', 'primordial', 'gravitational', 'waves', 'in', 'an', 'accompanying', 'paper', 'we', 'considered', 'the', 'zero', 'multipole', 'method', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'use', 'wiener', 'filtering', 'of', 'the', 'cmb', 'te', 'data', 'to', 'remove', 'the', 'density', 'perturbation', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'te', 'power', 'spectrum', 'in', 'principle', 'this', 'leaves', 'only', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'pgws', 'we', 'examine', 'two', 'toy', 'experiments', 'one', 'ideal', 'and', 'one', 'more', 'realistic', 'to', 'see', 'how', 'well', 'they', 'constrain', 'pgws', 'using', 'the', 'te', 'power', 'spectrum', 'we', 'consider', 'three', 'tests', 'applied', 'to', 'a', 'combination', 'of', 'observational', 'data', 'and', 'data', 'sets', 'generated', 'by', 'monte', 'carlo', 'simulations', '1', 'signaltonoise', 'test', '2', 'sign', 'test', 'and', '3', 'wilcoxon', 'rank', 'sum', 'test', 'we', 'compare', 'these', 'tests', 'with', 'each', 'other', 'and', 'with', 'the', 'zero', 'multipole', 'method', 'finally', 'we', 'compare', 'the', 'signaltonoise', 'ratio', 'of', 'te', 'correlation', 'measurements', 'first', 'with', 'corresponding', 'signaltonoise', 'ratios', 'for', 'bb', 'ground', 'based', 'measurements', 'and', 'later', 'with', 'current', 'and', 'future', 'te', 'correlation', 'space', 'measurements', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'an', 'ideal', 'te', 'correlation', 'experiment', 'limited', 'only', 'by', 'cosmic', 'variance', 'can', 'detect', 'pgws', 'with', 'a', 'tensortoscalar', 'ratio', 'r03', 'at', '98', 'confidence', 'level', 'with', 'the', 'sn', 'test', '93', 'confidence', 'level', 'with', 'the', 'sign', 'test', 'and', '80', 'confidence', 'level', 'for', 'the', 'wilcoxon', 'rank', 'sum', 'test', 'we', 'also', 'compare', 'all', 'results', 'with', 'corresponding', 'results', 'obtained', 'using', 'the', 'zero', 'multipole', 'method', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'to', 'measure', 'pgws', 'by', 'their', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'te', 'cross', 'correlation', 'power', 'spectrum', 'in', 'a', 'realistic', 'ground', 'based', 'experiment', 'when', 'real', 'instrumental', 'noise', 'is', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'tensortoscalar', 'ratio', 'r', 'must', 'be', 'approximately', 'four', 'times', 'larger', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'to', 'detect', 'pgws', 'the', 'zero', 'multipole', 'method', 'is', 'the', 'best', 'next', 'best', 'is', 'the', 'sn', 'test', 'then', 'the', 'sign', 'test', 'and', 'the', 'worst', 'is', 'the', 'wilcoxon', 'rank', 'sum', 'test']]
[-0.08670974621323595, 0.06584208089651378, -0.0504658375547765, 0.10193745765001003, -0.04633194679547459, -0.1294671549455403, 0.038002607190171386, 0.3533671759643069, -0.20559989551898755, -0.3237021181585701, 0.07152853594783515, -0.343381735129435, -0.08898290088846769, 0.17668683918062214, 0.03695834144768114, 0.03993586692735808, 0.04867054223982387, 0.015943516602369714, -0.07810688189793799, -0.2881425880473777, 0.2795782613652529, 0.15904659104584526, 0.31562320325919907, 0.028336969197868076, 0.045008574952514945, -0.014307635869792574, -0.08574945948482172, 0.05475859898303983, -0.12489027415787161, 0.06343149728291629, 0.23274347469073478, 0.175020268032238, 0.20173262117258337, -0.3569526957218019, -0.13084714618042648, 0.1353650936691014, 0.10987479566143545, 0.07796544637148307, -0.009477068315515667, -0.24453197873264473, 0.10894592898853572, -0.18781602616925813, -0.0899890227345367, -0.07518172964185782, -0.012533310226089805, -0.0017618863956607267, -0.3081314046771508, 0.10361224369053036, 0.004425697234755842, 0.05068998754762866, -0.048001753122462854, -0.1653644267584465, -0.008482699402072148, 0.063355493899981, 0.06627784244323864, 0.01175035534958612, 0.10501324356141284, -0.062002034671285684, -0.10928558866746169, 0.36795880251934066, -0.1527104988948949, -0.18807098083995435, 0.14556969984032672, -0.2242010724268318, -0.1238958544611344, 0.08986582090976099, 0.17927499947736952, 0.08731499700262833, -0.1197167084728665, 0.041164603714643, 0.027405806230652235, 0.21272675881213318, 0.0968502741745571, -0.004033036548444465, 0.22585739309210584, 0.10912081732236054, 0.050612078174272525, 0.12061678016002526, -0.19365447098293584, 0.02765451945294307, -0.28952002824819967, -0.12676551596545424, -0.2002215588884747, 0.046913017276419354, -0.12519083506458006, -0.11925052759462444, 0.40538013145193613, 0.20106978787664223, 0.2046982067515946, 0.08650387465445109, 0.3521639373957192, 0.11780970303795447, 0.002462605020423637, 0.05040480813875871, 0.28404482134557263, 0.12159637918963723, 0.051137037654981427, -0.19688493715860714, 0.0018577096132204344, -0.0016169452005981354]
710.3652
Time-Frequency Analysis of Fourier Integral Operators
We use time-frequency methods for the study of Fourier Integral operators (FIOs). In this paper we shall show that Gabor frames provide very efficient representations for a large class of FIOs. Indeed, similarly to the case of shearlets and curvelets frames, the matrix representation of a Fourier Integral Operator with respect to a Gabor frame is well-organized. This is used as a powerful tool to study the boundedness of FIOs on modulation spaces. As special cases, we recapture boundedness results on modulation spaces for pseudo-differential operators with symbols in $M^{\infty,1}$, for some unimodular Fourier multipliers and metaplectic operators.
math.AP math.NA
we use timefrequency methods for the study of fourier integral operators fios in this paper we shall show that gabor frames provide very efficient representations for a large class of fios indeed similarly to the case of shearlets and curvelets frames the matrix representation of a fourier integral operator with respect to a gabor frame is wellorganized this is used as a powerful tool to study the boundedness of fios on modulation spaces as special cases we recapture boundedness results on modulation spaces for pseudodifferential operators with symbols in minfty1 for some unimodular fourier multipliers and metaplectic operators
[['we', 'use', 'timefrequency', 'methods', 'for', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'fourier', 'integral', 'operators', 'fios', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'shall', 'show', 'that', 'gabor', 'frames', 'provide', 'very', 'efficient', 'representations', 'for', 'a', 'large', 'class', 'of', 'fios', 'indeed', 'similarly', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'shearlets', 'and', 'curvelets', 'frames', 'the', 'matrix', 'representation', 'of', 'a', 'fourier', 'integral', 'operator', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'a', 'gabor', 'frame', 'is', 'wellorganized', 'this', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'powerful', 'tool', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'boundedness', 'of', 'fios', 'on', 'modulation', 'spaces', 'as', 'special', 'cases', 'we', 'recapture', 'boundedness', 'results', 'on', 'modulation', 'spaces', 'for', 'pseudodifferential', 'operators', 'with', 'symbols', 'in', 'minfty1', 'for', 'some', 'unimodular', 'fourier', 'multipliers', 'and', 'metaplectic', 'operators']]
[-0.0993098587995129, 0.05275062854135675, -0.11634132831668652, 0.15650610085956904, -0.12911621546990484, -0.08277812937265072, -0.029521420131180892, 0.4244898750009585, -0.2916748207870263, -0.12608249866871676, 0.1648881695024213, -0.26395152656275933, -0.20772181929336214, 0.2492134312110744, -0.15588144477152702, 0.09578870031602528, 0.0836468139967444, 0.05580986328975402, -0.1697492132756897, -0.20582019808768695, 0.3843672649022572, 0.033157070813586514, 0.19938482114170886, -0.05286903355308637, 0.06849513946063056, 0.06741109565470596, -0.07798134490885601, -0.0965467632939329, -0.09748933992352472, 0.18593540615449677, 0.32718922163606906, 0.07883575923351228, 0.27361259752247785, -0.40083920183990684, -0.18732415404816977, 0.1341524065320133, 0.15151039968073673, 0.0045419070223460395, -0.07348784586006053, -0.32365674688718377, 0.06418106675014965, -0.1254013544043564, -0.09600085196826531, -0.19420791961898914, 0.035198797856704614, 0.055925363449056686, -0.35103909735928995, 0.04582063947348114, 0.12666035125659283, 0.07018049962269808, -0.1373936257940451, -0.07013074229756484, 0.07815181803224343, 0.05680460670525778, 0.007997561773589375, 0.025025699691542863, 0.037090042107073326, -0.031424872059261005, -0.09598565715536171, 0.373328606198941, -0.11018790006257441, -0.3016917613734092, 0.13100413803239258, -0.17919774280328835, -0.16908785714102642, 0.03008869324207344, 0.17261935870177397, 0.16979971914362085, -0.10777241568442206, 0.11043746283691262, -0.10094275172533733, 0.12109057676422466, 0.12721241322555105, 0.14612795250509314, 0.06297564108818009, 0.06420979959110977, 0.14728052130002262, 0.15366590164892246, -0.0403036511341604, 0.004553376650675295, -0.3315419274220737, -0.21046923212136845, -0.19863190542079737, 0.00944257492427619, -0.08248691097447144, -0.18485932878921835, 0.44674784876406193, 0.1152086428091006, 0.13893290691621774, 0.12035648549469757, 0.2152647604685923, 0.13843322474728054, 0.12483276781264921, 0.029404566043569724, 0.12191094111856692, 0.21892667941425983, 0.13549563278235038, -0.114311213120438, -0.09028808910361662, 0.2322417128336977]