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1,802.0476 | Perfect fluid Lagrangian and its cosmological implications in theories
of gravity with nonminimally coupled matter fields | In this paper we show that the on-shell Lagrangian of a perfect fluid depends
on microscopic properties of the fluid, giving specific examples of perfect
fluids with different on-shell Lagrangians but with the same energy-momentum
tensor. We demonstrate that if the fluid is constituted by localized
concentrations of energy with fixed rest mass and structure (solitons) then the
average on-shell Lagrangian of a perfect fluid is given by ${\mathcal L}_m=T$,
where $T$ is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. We show that our results
have profound implications for theories of gravity where the matter Lagrangian
appears explicitly in the equations of motion of the gravitational and matter
fields, potentially leading to observable deviations from a nearly perfect
cosmic microwave background black body spectrum: $n$-type spectral distortions,
affecting the normalization of the spectral energy density. Finally, we put
stringent constraints on $f(R,{\mathcal L}_m)$ theories of gravity using the
COBE-FIRAS measurement of the spectral radiance of the cosmic microwave
background.
| gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th | in this paper we show that the onshell lagrangian of a perfect fluid depends on microscopic properties of the fluid giving specific examples of perfect fluids with different onshell lagrangians but with the same energymomentum tensor we demonstrate that if the fluid is constituted by localized concentrations of energy with fixed rest mass and structure solitons then the average onshell lagrangian of a perfect fluid is given by mathcal l_mt where t is the trace of the energymomentum tensor we show that our results have profound implications for theories of gravity where the matter lagrangian appears explicitly in the equations of motion of the gravitational and matter fields potentially leading to observable deviations from a nearly perfect cosmic microwave background black body spectrum ntype spectral distortions affecting the normalization of the spectral energy density finally we put stringent constraints on frmathcal l_m theories of gravity using the cobefiras measurement of the spectral radiance of the cosmic microwave background | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'onshell', 'lagrangian', 'of', 'a', 'perfect', 'fluid', 'depends', 'on', 'microscopic', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'fluid', 'giving', 'specific', 'examples', 'of', 'perfect', 'fluids', 'with', 'different', 'onshell', 'lagrangians', 'but', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'energymomentum', 'tensor', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'fluid', 'is', 'constituted', 'by', 'localized', 'concentrations', 'of', 'energy', 'with', 'fixed', 'rest', 'mass', 'and', 'structure', 'solitons', 'then', 'the', 'average', 'onshell', 'lagrangian', 'of', 'a', 'perfect', 'fluid', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'mathcal', 'l_mt', 'where', 't', 'is', 'the', 'trace', 'of', 'the', 'energymomentum', 'tensor', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'results', 'have', 'profound', 'implications', 'for', 'theories', 'of', 'gravity', 'where', 'the', 'matter', 'lagrangian', 'appears', 'explicitly', 'in', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'and', 'matter', 'fields', 'potentially', 'leading', 'to', 'observable', 'deviations', 'from', 'a', 'nearly', 'perfect', 'cosmic', 'microwave', 'background', 'black', 'body', 'spectrum', 'ntype', 'spectral', 'distortions', 'affecting', 'the', 'normalization', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'energy', 'density', 'finally', 'we', 'put', 'stringent', 'constraints', 'on', 'frmathcal', 'l_m', 'theories', 'of', 'gravity', 'using', 'the', 'cobefiras', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'radiance', 'of', 'the', 'cosmic', 'microwave', 'background']] | [-0.14855814805094175, 0.17397237793026363, -0.1017208630189442, 0.0354820920382834, -0.06504484862356097, -0.08348736095176951, -0.04644519516495264, 0.28772496152075994, -0.21996245288236696, -0.30870291157062074, 0.013045988441593234, -0.2769806711181144, -0.09192716129788547, 0.12669076173192567, -0.011356620772023963, 0.023186198634445477, 0.005856652916142136, 0.0692666805005235, -0.08716700195667043, -0.2099685398164757, 0.37112334126215074, 0.0961553237347561, 0.257923275279771, 0.07314505157873603, 0.1514382274601917, -0.02667629536149347, -0.04279941944761356, 0.06985084332561323, -0.15831935737843908, 0.07160576499678242, 0.19827766264314248, 0.10624073077716929, 0.1344576306584748, -0.44779674337500597, -0.24744493799628156, 0.11555946563595941, 0.10983672329509382, 0.12797955590282467, -0.05095533837540562, -0.27222782674254437, 0.0632015848591639, -0.1570195108856027, -0.10283936428167163, -0.026942521627049947, 0.0022465344607402946, -0.0021320052302567062, -0.22435325144969556, 0.13242379832822995, 0.042484469923107726, 0.003403052284269576, -0.11339619715852295, -0.0906978497699876, -0.0784093606193805, 0.05639895999353308, 0.09303792708428801, 0.006903510039470568, 0.16695080927104516, -0.19754729911560417, -0.05995098479235972, 0.4188808817890989, -0.13522775135200268, -0.20395896237367278, 0.1448422226695949, -0.16708457883399952, -0.12551216281962338, 0.11264292185882901, 0.1246730144814867, 0.13013701582183634, -0.13671702275106054, 0.1637757299697786, -0.03508987869981344, 0.15430926923657867, 0.10777735296980875, 0.06506873857508752, 0.27196613197944536, 0.09697584075271894, 0.04492766339966588, 0.10344364224031426, -0.04842997977071127, -0.051441910178370916, -0.3687813263030569, -0.14249924413124276, -0.16237030259576762, 0.09483386838073089, -0.16451598065857076, -0.17607581396260932, 0.38174879270647266, 0.1316629733185315, 0.15745085185159377, 0.05160197262373415, 0.3068790621462332, 0.10024209653181587, 0.02095764536695306, 0.09195678970912934, 0.32962307469195623, 0.17843095495834188, 0.06452071046824479, -0.2291292312130878, -0.040362118965809705, 0.05992869025238665] |
1,802.04761 | An inverse problem for the integro-differential Dirac system with
partial information given on the convolution kernel | An integro-differential Dirac system with an integral term in the form of
convolution is considered. We suppose that the convolution kernel is known a
priori on a part of the interval, and recover it on the remaining part, using a
part of the spectrum. We prove the uniqueness theorem, provide an algorithm for
the solution of the inverse problem together with necessary and sufficient
conditions for its solvability.
| math.SP | an integrodifferential dirac system with an integral term in the form of convolution is considered we suppose that the convolution kernel is known a priori on a part of the interval and recover it on the remaining part using a part of the spectrum we prove the uniqueness theorem provide an algorithm for the solution of the inverse problem together with necessary and sufficient conditions for its solvability | [['an', 'integrodifferential', 'dirac', 'system', 'with', 'an', 'integral', 'term', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'convolution', 'is', 'considered', 'we', 'suppose', 'that', 'the', 'convolution', 'kernel', 'is', 'known', 'a', 'priori', 'on', 'a', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'interval', 'and', 'recover', 'it', 'on', 'the', 'remaining', 'part', 'using', 'a', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'we', 'prove', 'the', 'uniqueness', 'theorem', 'provide', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'inverse', 'problem', 'together', 'with', 'necessary', 'and', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'for', 'its', 'solvability']] | [-0.11773034738143906, -0.023668682107895352, -0.0974022564752137, 0.06877677073113292, -0.08035685092909262, -0.07788142052424304, -0.011556891108150868, 0.3479525636991157, -0.31798131468103213, -0.22880312551141663, 0.18820144988507415, -0.26810930945965294, -0.1583922551397015, 0.19722189691246433, -0.05759548553375199, 0.04242688557047479, 0.09287320564651642, 0.11486759746955666, -0.04268491475308752, -0.2286166303914369, 0.38374979590641006, 0.013502196395112312, 0.17603280440123534, 0.07880697337061386, 0.17561395201996408, 0.028786577760269317, -0.015596954490962055, -0.05589933242813191, -0.12485256497390818, 0.09555385905311115, 0.1838479571366299, 0.09424711276626434, 0.2941873331061181, -0.4080739092520055, -0.15400319439632928, 0.11913047291454859, 0.10158356857102584, 0.042364196687498516, -0.0482433255905669, -0.28469513912739997, 0.11364949333673234, -0.1383909713202978, -0.17761255827431074, -0.047067343353239054, 0.015803520300644722, -0.0026023676892852083, -0.341967263368561, 0.06839391027632005, 0.11335677489200059, 0.020426778204958227, -0.15688941633390427, -0.09219130547546014, 0.05184825931620948, 0.12523918878971874, 0.008099246331874062, -0.0016012560398153523, 0.008554077132002395, -0.1331987004069721, -0.04864061957992175, 0.3478447986931047, -0.06942044840509291, -0.2661371199030648, 0.12178036137757932, -0.09418316573068938, -0.12232993974569528, 0.10921984854811694, 0.10790078374831115, 0.13920380632557414, -0.15873448642463805, 0.13542856488150873, -0.09747613309060826, 0.1666097707553383, 0.007006011793718618, 0.015789535352001515, 0.11278701212038011, 0.14349299662417786, 0.19082228651763322, 0.1902776725918931, -0.0415382712997277, -0.04126294984769843, -0.3974182566299158, -0.18139291122925522, -0.21503139257102327, 0.06017928308916881, -0.07027556259580546, -0.21267468827393124, 0.3875346744864467, 0.10546448314733639, 0.188705252332832, 0.093469879398232, 0.25004005459520745, 0.2241546761009993, 0.05336890740128344, 0.09441732775474734, 0.18104462610448108, 0.18478579276501583, 0.13294622432851397, -0.1932479033130221, 0.04529265581411036, 0.1479406542459722] |
1,802.04762 | Deep Predictive Coding Network for Object Recognition | Based on the predictive coding theory in neuroscience, we designed a
bi-directional and recurrent neural net, namely deep predictive coding networks
(PCN). It has feedforward, feedback, and recurrent connections. Feedback
connections from a higher layer carry the prediction of its lower-layer
representation; feedforward connections carry the prediction errors to its
higher-layer. Given image input, PCN runs recursive cycles of bottom-up and
top-down computation to update its internal representations and reduce the
difference between bottom-up input and top-down prediction at every layer.
After multiple cycles of recursive updating, the representation is used for
image classification. With benchmark data (CIFAR-10/100, SVHN, and MNIST), PCN
was found to always outperform its feedforward-only counterpart: a model
without any mechanism for recurrent dynamics. Its performance tended to improve
given more cycles of computation over time. In short, PCN reuses a single
architecture to recursively run bottom-up and top-down processes. As a
dynamical system, PCN can be unfolded to a feedforward model that becomes
deeper and deeper over time, while refining it representation towards more
accurate and definitive object recognition.
| cs.CV | based on the predictive coding theory in neuroscience we designed a bidirectional and recurrent neural net namely deep predictive coding networks pcn it has feedforward feedback and recurrent connections feedback connections from a higher layer carry the prediction of its lowerlayer representation feedforward connections carry the prediction errors to its higherlayer given image input pcn runs recursive cycles of bottomup and topdown computation to update its internal representations and reduce the difference between bottomup input and topdown prediction at every layer after multiple cycles of recursive updating the representation is used for image classification with benchmark data cifar10100 svhn and mnist pcn was found to always outperform its feedforwardonly counterpart a model without any mechanism for recurrent dynamics its performance tended to improve given more cycles of computation over time in short pcn reuses a single architecture to recursively run bottomup and topdown processes as a dynamical system pcn can be unfolded to a feedforward model that becomes deeper and deeper over time while refining it representation towards more accurate and definitive object recognition | [['based', 'on', 'the', 'predictive', 'coding', 'theory', 'in', 'neuroscience', 'we', 'designed', 'a', 'bidirectional', 'and', 'recurrent', 'neural', 'net', 'namely', 'deep', 'predictive', 'coding', 'networks', 'pcn', 'it', 'has', 'feedforward', 'feedback', 'and', 'recurrent', 'connections', 'feedback', 'connections', 'from', 'a', 'higher', 'layer', 'carry', 'the', 'prediction', 'of', 'its', 'lowerlayer', 'representation', 'feedforward', 'connections', 'carry', 'the', 'prediction', 'errors', 'to', 'its', 'higherlayer', 'given', 'image', 'input', 'pcn', 'runs', 'recursive', 'cycles', 'of', 'bottomup', 'and', 'topdown', 'computation', 'to', 'update', 'its', 'internal', 'representations', 'and', 'reduce', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'bottomup', 'input', 'and', 'topdown', 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1,802.04763 | Analytic characterization of oblique shock waves in flows around wedges | We consider the compressible flow around triangular wedges in which oblique
shock waves are formed. We report on the novel analytic solution regarding the
evaluation of the maximum wedge angle beyond which the shock wave detaches from
the wedge to promote the formation of a bow shock. In addition, the limit line
at which the flow past the oblique shock becomes sonic is determined whereby an
analytic characterization for the corresponding shock angle is presented.
| physics.flu-dyn | we consider the compressible flow around triangular wedges in which oblique shock waves are formed we report on the novel analytic solution regarding the evaluation of the maximum wedge angle beyond which the shock wave detaches from the wedge to promote the formation of a bow shock in addition the limit line at which the flow past the oblique shock becomes sonic is determined whereby an analytic characterization for the corresponding shock angle is presented | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'compressible', 'flow', 'around', 'triangular', 'wedges', 'in', 'which', 'oblique', 'shock', 'waves', 'are', 'formed', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'novel', 'analytic', 'solution', 'regarding', 'the', 'evaluation', 'of', 'the', 'maximum', 'wedge', 'angle', 'beyond', 'which', 'the', 'shock', 'wave', 'detaches', 'from', 'the', 'wedge', 'to', 'promote', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'a', 'bow', 'shock', 'in', 'addition', 'the', 'limit', 'line', 'at', 'which', 'the', 'flow', 'past', 'the', 'oblique', 'shock', 'becomes', 'sonic', 'is', 'determined', 'whereby', 'an', 'analytic', 'characterization', 'for', 'the', 'corresponding', 'shock', 'angle', 'is', 'presented']] | [-0.15326258833209674, 0.10410428250848781, -0.05107610233748953, 0.026591584281995893, -0.12488320496554176, -0.05608136881763737, -0.008553992224236329, 0.3721329100926717, -0.29688041731715203, -0.20197349781791368, 0.14077411378112933, -0.26670049943029883, -0.07272421079377334, 0.1952103769717117, 0.06612943548088272, 0.016742882207036017, 0.03746204805249969, -0.0020331558026373386, -0.0832547064870596, -0.08549426855208973, 0.33468769550323485, 0.08117914626995723, 0.25248727172613145, 0.0749882921980073, 0.09790646112213532, -0.011672499508907398, 0.003373723601301511, 0.018734280013789732, -0.23442428562169274, 0.05674848066021999, 0.1707848200077812, 0.0822987227095291, 0.20010513360922536, -0.4844533458848794, -0.23896772647897402, -0.02384062186504404, 0.1784303582816695, 0.09868683008632312, -0.02647410102188587, -0.27915196689466637, 0.031494363580519956, -0.14302070233272388, -0.20408866436531145, 0.08526750572025776, -0.0021984351053833963, 0.0208358612904946, -0.25878172221904, 0.1140440538773934, 0.04667507576445738, 0.02616023192803065, -0.03201336557666461, -0.029141544749339422, -0.07850230611239871, 0.03778115635737777, 0.09905202346931521, 0.06889035215601325, 0.13356090943639476, -0.181982933357358, -0.03239386972039938, 0.4037594649195671, -0.023283527456223963, -0.14830418997250186, 0.19388878653446834, -0.23038196306986114, -0.02032204522440831, 0.2413991754471014, 0.18984345120067397, 0.1310014440305531, -0.050237804253896075, -0.005579885793849826, -0.10432287571621904, 0.08486190850536028, 0.17257163884118198, -0.07710600610201558, 0.2644471647342046, 0.1444681240680317, 0.07784346215426922, 0.1817111177245776, -0.16039943014892438, -0.07912696018815041, -0.3411830205718676, -0.15395644267400105, -0.1292226083452503, -0.0022647556377341973, -0.12073071162526806, -0.215908051704367, 0.3650218367576599, 0.12493138852218787, 0.18091330910722414, -0.01486990120417128, 0.28086350053548814, 0.16050603470454614, -0.0411414123699069, 0.14123376375685134, 0.32778384843220315, 0.13917279655424258, 0.1181430861664315, -0.21414711119917532, 0.09116820106903711, 0.1153471406425039] |
1,802.04764 | How blind are underground and surface detectors to strongly interacting
Dark Matter? | Above a critical dark matter-nucleus scattering cross section any terrestrial
direct detection experiment loses sensitivity to dark matter, since the Earth
crust, atmosphere, and potential shielding layers start to block off the dark
matter particles. This critical cross section is commonly determined by
describing the average energy loss of the dark matter particles analytically.
However, this treatment overestimates the stopping power of the Earth crust.
Therefore the obtained bounds should be considered as conservative. We perform
Monte Carlo simulations to determine the precise value of the critical cross
section for various direct detection experiments and compare them to other dark
matter constraints in the low mass regime. In this region we find parameter
space where typical underground and surface detectors are completely blind to
dark matter. This "hole" in the parameter space can hardly be closed with an
increase in the detector exposure. Dedicated surface or high-altitude
experiments may be the only way to directly probe this part of the parameter
space.
| hep-ph astro-ph.CO hep-ex | above a critical dark matternucleus scattering cross section any terrestrial direct detection experiment loses sensitivity to dark matter since the earth crust atmosphere and potential shielding layers start to block off the dark matter particles this critical cross section is commonly determined by describing the average energy loss of the dark matter particles analytically however this treatment overestimates the stopping power of the earth crust therefore the obtained bounds should be considered as conservative we perform monte carlo simulations to determine the precise value of the critical cross section for various direct detection experiments and compare them to other dark matter constraints in the low mass regime in this region we find parameter space where typical underground and surface detectors are completely blind to dark matter this hole in the parameter space can hardly be closed with an increase in the detector exposure dedicated surface or highaltitude experiments may be the only way to directly probe this part of the parameter space | [['above', 'a', 'critical', 'dark', 'matternucleus', 'scattering', 'cross', 'section', 'any', 'terrestrial', 'direct', 'detection', 'experiment', 'loses', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'dark', 'matter', 'since', 'the', 'earth', 'crust', 'atmosphere', 'and', 'potential', 'shielding', 'layers', 'start', 'to', 'block', 'off', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'particles', 'this', 'critical', 'cross', 'section', 'is', 'commonly', 'determined', 'by', 'describing', 'the', 'average', 'energy', 'loss', 'of', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'particles', 'analytically', 'however', 'this', 'treatment', 'overestimates', 'the', 'stopping', 'power', 'of', 'the', 'earth', 'crust', 'therefore', 'the', 'obtained', 'bounds', 'should', 'be', 'considered', 'as', 'conservative', 'we', 'perform', 'monte', 'carlo', 'simulations', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'precise', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'critical', 'cross', 'section', 'for', 'various', 'direct', 'detection', 'experiments', 'and', 'compare', 'them', 'to', 'other', 'dark', 'matter', 'constraints', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'mass', 'regime', 'in', 'this', 'region', 'we', 'find', 'parameter', 'space', 'where', 'typical', 'underground', 'and', 'surface', 'detectors', 'are', 'completely', 'blind', 'to', 'dark', 'matter', 'this', 'hole', 'in', 'the', 'parameter', 'space', 'can', 'hardly', 'be', 'closed', 'with', 'an', 'increase', 'in', 'the', 'detector', 'exposure', 'dedicated', 'surface', 'or', 'highaltitude', 'experiments', 'may', 'be', 'the', 'only', 'way', 'to', 'directly', 'probe', 'this', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'parameter', 'space']] | [-0.0925560694038408, 0.1851347068298276, -0.09177152936369824, 0.12979487903462147, -0.09328525362789263, -0.08489110304997015, 0.03603270577473773, 0.3111024406267169, -0.24610952407777034, -0.38911833154773456, 0.06319225276820362, -0.2939394197770233, -0.025754421361561083, 0.17960949261661296, 0.02716841555418257, 0.05068052333943477, 0.048418720068846954, 0.03717144560298802, -0.07255601514825011, -0.24383316423605988, 0.27560260484029575, 0.15111182614252616, 0.22720771955820607, 0.10512020397948584, 0.0588154930744987, 0.0009205974322272303, -0.027079471010415825, -0.03859390635499702, -0.184006393260472, 0.025671247711957054, 0.2796862127421421, 0.0790435874067178, 0.14084821439026224, -0.46638627211206857, -0.24864493275383187, 0.1966547926824632, 0.14953722795442803, 0.06827127078496334, -0.05633505284973064, -0.3061516408084167, 0.030499927001073956, -0.21548109986089217, -0.12195705553160313, -0.01893653176770902, -0.0004840749919552494, -0.03164695884836952, -0.24203603776217794, 0.07634234862376212, -0.04026629482280969, -0.05210228694008554, -0.07216394680586678, -0.1288521271198988, -0.005245467266326563, 0.04118431701948636, 0.07234278250498503, 0.00028421295042161223, 0.26884042076697506, -0.1922765306921469, -0.019779464635239156, 0.3722125354372425, -0.09779731052594236, -0.15929557212659323, 0.1715075876764999, -0.17827257270821267, -0.08197669588449055, 0.17692779497254962, 0.17816069179478985, 0.10820673702623879, -0.1595426208431614, 0.0722481216838293, -0.015391999155708394, 0.18643494686801676, 0.058440600631091695, -0.004533369489370581, 0.3015997194869007, 0.21652594884213658, 0.09260401248724924, 0.05083912492328738, -0.16561753567998774, -0.06844332617604071, -0.31966709950076483, -0.16951250591901718, -0.1370386027524041, -0.016281383845058305, -0.04995252505416571, -0.1107238698068052, 0.286983926984608, 0.13359558687582726, 0.19167838233270118, -0.0069281179192016065, 0.3620049294291271, 0.09629446547406575, 0.03697111650462044, 0.027853052581683444, 0.36973478868431237, 0.10550200440510382, 0.07033625852753535, -0.21395075538793557, 0.046084726269552366, 0.002988627627434462] |
1,802.04765 | Progressive Reinforcement Learning with Distillation for Multi-Skilled
Motion Control | Deep reinforcement learning has demonstrated increasing capabilities for
continuous control problems, including agents that can move with skill and
agility through their environment. An open problem in this setting is that of
developing good strategies for integrating or merging policies for multiple
skills, where each individual skill is a specialist in a specific skill and its
associated state distribution. We extend policy distillation methods to the
continuous action setting and leverage this technique to combine expert
policies, as evaluated in the domain of simulated bipedal locomotion across
different classes of terrain. We also introduce an input injection method for
augmenting an existing policy network to exploit new input features. Lastly,
our method uses transfer learning to assist in the efficient acquisition of new
skills. The combination of these methods allows a policy to be incrementally
augmented with new skills. We compare our progressive learning and integration
via distillation (PLAID) method against three alternative baselines.
| cs.LG cs.AI cs.RO stat.ML | deep reinforcement learning has demonstrated increasing capabilities for continuous control problems including agents that can move with skill and agility through their environment an open problem in this setting is that of developing good strategies for integrating or merging policies for multiple skills where each individual skill is a specialist in a specific skill and its associated state distribution we extend policy distillation methods to the continuous action setting and leverage this technique to combine expert policies as evaluated in the domain of simulated bipedal locomotion across different classes of terrain we also introduce an input injection method for augmenting an existing policy network to exploit new input features lastly our method uses transfer learning to assist in the efficient acquisition of new skills the combination of these methods allows a policy to be incrementally augmented with new skills we compare our progressive learning and integration via distillation plaid method against three alternative baselines | [['deep', 'reinforcement', 'learning', 'has', 'demonstrated', 'increasing', 'capabilities', 'for', 'continuous', 'control', 'problems', 'including', 'agents', 'that', 'can', 'move', 'with', 'skill', 'and', 'agility', 'through', 'their', 'environment', 'an', 'open', 'problem', 'in', 'this', 'setting', 'is', 'that', 'of', 'developing', 'good', 'strategies', 'for', 'integrating', 'or', 'merging', 'policies', 'for', 'multiple', 'skills', 'where', 'each', 'individual', 'skill', 'is', 'a', 'specialist', 'in', 'a', 'specific', 'skill', 'and', 'its', 'associated', 'state', 'distribution', 'we', 'extend', 'policy', 'distillation', 'methods', 'to', 'the', 'continuous', 'action', 'setting', 'and', 'leverage', 'this', 'technique', 'to', 'combine', 'expert', 'policies', 'as', 'evaluated', 'in', 'the', 'domain', 'of', 'simulated', 'bipedal', 'locomotion', 'across', 'different', 'classes', 'of', 'terrain', 'we', 'also', 'introduce', 'an', 'input', 'injection', 'method', 'for', 'augmenting', 'an', 'existing', 'policy', 'network', 'to', 'exploit', 'new', 'input', 'features', 'lastly', 'our', 'method', 'uses', 'transfer', 'learning', 'to', 'assist', 'in', 'the', 'efficient', 'acquisition', 'of', 'new', 'skills', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'these', 'methods', 'allows', 'a', 'policy', 'to', 'be', 'incrementally', 'augmented', 'with', 'new', 'skills', 'we', 'compare', 'our', 'progressive', 'learning', 'and', 'integration', 'via', 'distillation', 'plaid', 'method', 'against', 'three', 'alternative', 'baselines']] | [-0.022785886289482308, 0.051253155357179433, -0.10526147399508914, 0.04541574708146781, -0.1542744471770167, -0.18237726234939772, 0.08809697659770874, 0.49735765393775005, -0.2969421971265783, -0.32984864238843126, 0.07537593952585737, -0.2060668876549787, -0.17273664517122528, 0.2220826145222217, -0.158431207888167, 0.08378679572578894, 0.09568685194924957, -0.007308963997676582, -0.03276106248936289, -0.2512473545948878, 0.3213761523411331, 0.01838523601223382, 0.3086492662127553, -0.0025426662442359057, 0.1723381450714229, 0.005070345276700599, -0.013600601723974015, -0.00521243975555234, -0.050134437199997224, 0.18143873194507745, 0.34809328824305885, 0.23891363562350826, 0.39163857210100955, -0.41303754655354014, -0.2315106483194493, 0.07670593405650421, 0.1373420706587275, 0.10673155787539995, -0.04860783214212165, -0.329269719818099, 0.06502478959359374, -0.223124878178653, -0.051827419862943376, -0.1588713509853107, -0.05860508579228606, -0.0002377114754605603, -0.32656999494178923, -0.03525093187258258, 0.03556499667707589, 0.07176840076428632, -0.08900477104425708, -0.11347147571557964, 0.038833338634244034, 0.2344901644996694, 0.015761217916559718, 0.04135155277145276, 0.15658860842019998, -0.17778995479517556, -0.21483409667067085, 0.3028005805326166, -0.0337450010460112, -0.22500112748329903, 0.2286361942472928, 0.012529787413969443, -0.13377962453750433, 0.09728848318533077, 0.24788668904114852, 0.1433557857329921, -0.15603867383044842, 0.0002443746061898865, 0.004824473232321151, 0.1692058189791724, 0.018478887645503532, -0.05067118433116657, 0.13976436525631647, 0.2529615957362505, 0.13080756149145883, 0.15872038121549897, -0.05871811005711713, -0.12407105601870443, -0.20805273191472698, -0.14486168148963677, -0.14660044765559496, -0.05653783661470591, -0.095353667473484, -0.1175458053801233, 0.3845423274105052, 0.22579514221207, 0.1622713090180625, 0.1303668529618843, 0.3631567335264249, 0.049608085344563686, 0.07463207709234111, 0.10109137556539824, 0.16042520803952734, 0.0013986263762820852, 0.1540476112088261, -0.21019354670659288, 0.1100493817886507, 0.016419159568991367] |
1,802.04766 | SNC: A Cloud Service Platform for Symbolic-Numeric Computation using
Just-In-Time Compilation | Cloud services have been widely employed in IT industry and scientific
research. By using Cloud services users can move computing tasks and data away
from local computers to remote datacenters. By accessing Internet-based
services over lightweight and mobile devices, users deploy diversified Cloud
applications on powerful machines. The key drivers towards this paradigm for
the scientific computing field include the substantial computing capacity,
on-demand provisioning and cross-platform interoperability. To fully harness
the Cloud services for scientific computing, however, we need to design an
application-specific platform to help the users efficiently migrate their
applications. In this, we propose a Cloud service platform for symbolic-numeric
computation - SNC. SNC allows the Cloud users to describe tasks as symbolic
expressions through C/C++, Python, Java APIs and SNC script. Just-In-Time (JIT)
compilation through using LLVM/JVM is used to compile the user code to the
machine code. We implemented the SNC design and tested a wide range of
symbolic-numeric computation applications (including nonlinear minimization,
Monte Carlo integration, finite element assembly and multibody dynamics) on
several popular cloud platforms (including the Google Compute Engine, Amazon
EC2, Microsoft Azure, Rackspace, HP Helion and VMWare vCloud). These results
demonstrate that our approach can work across multiple cloud platforms, support
different languages and significantly improve the performance of
symbolic-numeric computation using cloud platforms. This offered a way to
stimulate the need for using the cloud computing for the symbolic-numeric
computation in the field of scientific research.
| cs.DC | cloud services have been widely employed in it industry and scientific research by using cloud services users can move computing tasks and data away from local computers to remote datacenters by accessing internetbased services over lightweight and mobile devices users deploy diversified cloud applications on powerful machines the key drivers towards this paradigm for the scientific computing field include the substantial computing capacity ondemand provisioning and crossplatform interoperability to fully harness the cloud services for scientific computing however we need to design an applicationspecific platform to help the users efficiently migrate their applications in this we propose a cloud service platform for symbolicnumeric computation snc snc allows the cloud users to describe tasks as symbolic expressions through cc python java apis and snc script justintime jit compilation through using llvmjvm is used to compile the user code to the machine code we implemented the snc design and tested a wide range of symbolicnumeric computation applications including nonlinear minimization monte carlo integration finite element assembly and multibody dynamics on several popular cloud platforms including the google compute engine amazon ec2 microsoft azure rackspace hp helion and vmware vcloud these results demonstrate that our approach can work across multiple cloud platforms support different languages and significantly improve the performance of symbolicnumeric computation using cloud platforms this offered a way to stimulate the need for using the cloud computing for the symbolicnumeric computation in the field of scientific research | [['cloud', 'services', 'have', 'been', 'widely', 'employed', 'in', 'it', 'industry', 'and', 'scientific', 'research', 'by', 'using', 'cloud', 'services', 'users', 'can', 'move', 'computing', 'tasks', 'and', 'data', 'away', 'from', 'local', 'computers', 'to', 'remote', 'datacenters', 'by', 'accessing', 'internetbased', 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1,802.04767 | Weak-type (1,1) estimates for strongly singular operators | Let $\psi$ be a positive function defined near the origin such that
$\lim_{t\to 0^{+}}\psi(t)=0$. We consider the operator \begin{equation*}
T_\theta f(x) = \lim_{\varepsilon\to 0^+} \int_\varepsilon^1
e^{i\gamma(t)}f(x-t) \frac{dt}{t^{\theta}\psi(t)^{1-\theta}}, \end{equation*}
where $\gamma$ is a real function with $\lim_{t\to 0^+}|\gamma(t)| = \infty$
and $0 \le \theta \le 1$. Assuming certain regularity and growth conditions on
$\psi$ and $\gamma$, we show that $T_1$ is of weak type $(1,1)$.
| math.CA | let psi be a positive function defined near the origin such that lim_tto 0psit0 we consider the operator beginequation t_theta fx lim_varepsilonto 0 int_varepsilon1 eigammatfxt fracdttthetapsit1theta endequation where gamma is a real function with lim_tto 0gammat infty and 0 le theta le 1 assuming certain regularity and growth conditions on psi and gamma we show that t_1 is of weak type 11 | [['let', 'psi', 'be', 'a', 'positive', 'function', 'defined', 'near', 'the', 'origin', 'such', 'that', 'lim_tto', '0psit0', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'operator', 'beginequation', 't_theta', 'fx', 'lim_varepsilonto', '0', 'int_varepsilon1', 'eigammatfxt', 'fracdttthetapsit1theta', 'endequation', 'where', 'gamma', 'is', 'a', 'real', 'function', 'with', 'lim_tto', '0gammat', 'infty', 'and', '0', 'le', 'theta', 'le', '1', 'assuming', 'certain', 'regularity', 'and', 'growth', 'conditions', 'on', 'psi', 'and', 'gamma', 'we', 'show', 'that', 't_1', 'is', 'of', 'weak', 'type', '11']] | [-0.20046839206234404, 0.15983634136551828, -0.03391690564488894, 0.05755304078277396, -0.025322906746480026, -0.20500875494786, -0.028411401386715864, 0.32990478553498787, -0.36441444893155184, -0.13863813761098867, 0.09329471501864885, -0.36239853252967197, -0.1016115289050759, 0.16812180217943692, -0.00754455371612781, 0.009894736037638626, -0.036562462222942134, 0.09764217867172863, -0.0860378121744776, -0.16405263160592304, 0.36276840915282565, -0.1621993084421806, 0.11737865044555643, 0.07471620845363329, 0.10746489141724612, 0.01971782948270342, 0.14201626453646704, -0.08268218666004638, -0.34478122990281246, -0.0754952354381155, 0.18649847165011524, 0.13869387041695677, 0.2980695898857033, -0.26762812916320144, -0.10835886336536261, 0.2627646317950597, 0.13640188689654073, -0.19334017929596534, 0.007742497651314919, -0.2881598879191044, 0.1868351300434912, -0.06014586717151759, -0.17102850677870346, -0.0022035435969500164, 0.10486585267803125, 0.09236175665047772, -0.4550347837309043, 0.10804416895272177, 0.07627817795595579, 0.05138136988930535, -0.04213116442980735, -0.2005716896832414, -0.0495943235429494, 0.05009392828664236, 0.01302914002607985, 0.18789487536955757, 0.04767824923456238, -0.0802661204351145, 0.017978047502733636, 0.2911894674854059, -0.1312702588508265, -0.24649275561565892, 0.07902225403507289, -0.2895971623233013, -0.17303906998744137, 0.03368548999883627, 0.06849480188337334, 0.2166542095181189, -0.0183318833444725, 0.2944812844476761, -0.056644552697738014, 0.16120762624696158, 0.11346657564781867, -0.022765716374443287, 0.044715452269373235, 0.06691310587420798, 0.08986581043185045, 0.06106834638692243, -0.024113193975369398, 0.05604518323180903, -0.4231519091286157, -0.18073868658393621, -0.16924663221365527, 0.2845205188679852, -0.1133256087709206, -0.11600093004342757, 0.2423334600109803, 0.048258744139355006, 0.23025941776863315, 0.13533628522009963, 0.11934989462034744, 0.1939072897198218, -0.0697056696211037, 0.06734508372385774, 0.055631676382434214, 0.11066767574173578, 0.061527037772497066, -0.18211678204763876, 0.03626303659882723, 0.0810461750156001] |
1,802.04768 | CoAs: The line of 3d demarcation | Transition metal-pnictide compounds have received attention for their
tendency to combine magnetism and unconventional superconductivity. Binary CoAs
lies on the border of paramagnetism and the more complex behavior seen in
isostructural CrAs, MnP, FeAs, and FeP. Here we report the properties of CoAs
single crystals grown with two distinct techniques along with density
functional theory calculations of its electronic structure and magnetic ground
state. While all indications are that CoAs is paramagnetic, both experiment and
theory suggest proximity to a ferromagnetic instability. Quantum oscillations
are seen in torque measurements up to 31.5~T, and support the calculated
paramagnetic Fermiology.
| cond-mat.str-el | transition metalpnictide compounds have received attention for their tendency to combine magnetism and unconventional superconductivity binary coas lies on the border of paramagnetism and the more complex behavior seen in isostructural cras mnp feas and fep here we report the properties of coas single crystals grown with two distinct techniques along with density functional theory calculations of its electronic structure and magnetic ground state while all indications are that coas is paramagnetic both experiment and theory suggest proximity to a ferromagnetic instability quantum oscillations are seen in torque measurements up to 315t and support the calculated paramagnetic fermiology | [['transition', 'metalpnictide', 'compounds', 'have', 'received', 'attention', 'for', 'their', 'tendency', 'to', 'combine', 'magnetism', 'and', 'unconventional', 'superconductivity', 'binary', 'coas', 'lies', 'on', 'the', 'border', 'of', 'paramagnetism', 'and', 'the', 'more', 'complex', 'behavior', 'seen', 'in', 'isostructural', 'cras', 'mnp', 'feas', 'and', 'fep', 'here', 'we', 'report', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'coas', 'single', 'crystals', 'grown', 'with', 'two', 'distinct', 'techniques', 'along', 'with', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'calculations', 'of', 'its', 'electronic', 'structure', 'and', 'magnetic', 'ground', 'state', 'while', 'all', 'indications', 'are', 'that', 'coas', 'is', 'paramagnetic', 'both', 'experiment', 'and', 'theory', 'suggest', 'proximity', 'to', 'a', 'ferromagnetic', 'instability', 'quantum', 'oscillations', 'are', 'seen', 'in', 'torque', 'measurements', 'up', 'to', '315t', 'and', 'support', 'the', 'calculated', 'paramagnetic', 'fermiology']] | [-0.18252529409922622, 0.20768948589102365, -0.044134745616853856, 0.02911642048396364, -0.07464401223114692, -0.16098115107160993, 0.11540201959724072, 0.41913105799661327, -0.23738605411684452, -0.27213919401401654, -0.00450386903200221, -0.40304569717651856, -0.15521691665101875, 0.14590079578677737, 0.08936553160795786, 0.023254767205192668, -0.042744509860009806, -0.0031930189725244418, -0.16559956483494412, -0.1964586536802623, 0.2747110847267322, -0.007344825247855624, 0.34179895338941907, 0.0634311993975037, 0.0071818477639074745, -0.03407362700575808, 0.1603808815513427, 0.04393557067184398, -0.1414146889164082, 0.0819595174616552, 0.2907144920124362, -0.05947141396366836, 0.1934900928196536, -0.46732408411723253, -0.2148836525442069, -0.036920655778279375, 0.10223318609253813, 0.1313854899465999, -0.11121368145738113, -0.28448278739718563, 0.0704343941439826, -0.1400079399269695, -0.08446928913084169, -0.13720340519406213, -0.045420284499414265, -0.007812794645360555, -0.1878646470898578, 0.10889155093173031, 0.07300646659253592, 0.14348817118866464, -0.14044982493336042, -0.16069045147742145, -0.07702696517420311, 0.0406484033446759, 0.06408832237502793, 0.0816204226478779, 0.15261857610797355, -0.08502596095301367, -0.1558073357931183, 0.3414623954255755, -0.0028072165635724864, -0.015653957869896356, 0.2054585414007306, -0.2190811340357565, -0.13035191881742017, 0.15590476625463148, 0.09880940864240984, 0.06121470490082478, -0.09886687761718349, 0.05615010273686494, 0.013089081453169152, 0.1835789770266274, 0.008841233167913742, 0.10106205122428946, 0.24789151277339747, 0.18195841258663373, -0.013341413117207898, 0.1151358973099074, -0.11890319170925068, -0.10397175242299757, -0.13537605833941294, -0.16275405932537979, -0.20220509424810493, 0.024543686284838866, -0.029986906934633833, -0.2209076160021747, 0.32633045033192803, 0.14687223253531556, 0.17198959304369055, -0.08791513049315351, 0.19126512708317023, 0.04106848474354289, 0.06997310072620166, 0.02240152004984945, 0.2793341270068292, 0.2402654461451069, 0.11627349009480288, -0.2803120074301357, 0.14611392772834128, -0.01052755092435594] |
1,802.04769 | Edge Caching in Delay-Constrained Virtualized Cellular Networks:
Analysis and Market | Caching of popular contents at cellular base stations, i.e., edge caching, in
order to eliminate duplicate transmission through the backhaul can reduce the
latency of data delivery in $5$G networks. However, since caching can only
reduce the backhaul delay, techniques such as base station densification will
also need to be used to reduce the fronthaul delay. In this paper, using
results from stochastic geometry, we first model the effects of base station
densification and cache size on the latency of the system. We then derive a
tight approximation for the cache hit probability. To optimize the network cost
due to the deployment of base station (BS) and cache storage, a minimization
problem for the product of the BS intensity and cache size is formulated under
probabilistic delay constraint, which is converted into a geometric program and
solved analytically. The results are then used to analyze the economics of a
cache-enabled virtualized cellular network where the network infrastructure,
i.e., BSs and cache storage, owned by an infrastructure provider (InP) is
shared among multiple mobile network operators (MNOs). For the pricing between
the InP and the MNOs, we formulate a Stackelberg game with the InP as the
leader and multiple MNOs as the followers. In this virtualized scenario, the
common cost of renting the infrastructure is shared in a fair manner among the
MNOs by using the Shapely value. An efficient algorithm is provided to divide
the rent among MNOs.
| cs.IT math.IT | caching of popular contents at cellular base stations ie edge caching in order to eliminate duplicate transmission through the backhaul can reduce the latency of data delivery in 5g networks however since caching can only reduce the backhaul delay techniques such as base station densification will also need to be used to reduce the fronthaul delay in this paper using results from stochastic geometry we first model the effects of base station densification and cache size on the latency of the system we then derive a tight approximation for the cache hit probability to optimize the network cost due to the deployment of base station bs and cache storage a minimization problem for the product of the bs intensity and cache size is formulated under probabilistic delay constraint which is converted into a geometric program and solved analytically the results are then used to analyze the economics of a cacheenabled virtualized cellular network where the network infrastructure ie bss and cache storage owned by an infrastructure provider inp is shared among multiple mobile network operators mnos for the pricing between the inp and the mnos we formulate a stackelberg game with the inp as the leader and multiple mnos as the followers in this virtualized scenario the common cost of renting the infrastructure is shared in a fair manner among the mnos by using the shapely value an efficient algorithm is provided to divide the rent among mnos | [['caching', 'of', 'popular', 'contents', 'at', 'cellular', 'base', 'stations', 'ie', 'edge', 'caching', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'eliminate', 'duplicate', 'transmission', 'through', 'the', 'backhaul', 'can', 'reduce', 'the', 'latency', 'of', 'data', 'delivery', 'in', '5g', 'networks', 'however', 'since', 'caching', 'can', 'only', 'reduce', 'the', 'backhaul', 'delay', 'techniques', 'such', 'as', 'base', 'station', 'densification', 'will', 'also', 'need', 'to', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'reduce', 'the', 'fronthaul', 'delay', 'in', 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1,802.0477 | Counterexamples to quasiconcavity for the heat equation | We construct solutions to the heat equation on convex rings showing that
quasiconcavity may not be preserved along the flow, even for smooth and
subharmonic initial data.
| math.AP | we construct solutions to the heat equation on convex rings showing that quasiconcavity may not be preserved along the flow even for smooth and subharmonic initial data | [['we', 'construct', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'heat', 'equation', 'on', 'convex', 'rings', 'showing', 'that', 'quasiconcavity', 'may', 'not', 'be', 'preserved', 'along', 'the', 'flow', 'even', 'for', 'smooth', 'and', 'subharmonic', 'initial', 'data']] | [-0.19231202480969606, 0.04541412716800416, -0.11316017040775882, 0.09246641976965798, -0.10886037577357557, -0.17726321152790828, -0.039362869811830695, 0.4078506141625069, -0.3478941796002565, -0.15677011537331123, 0.2012761813864388, -0.2633507606331949, -0.06941131136759564, 0.2811444831529149, -0.10855621603076104, 0.05752395548754268, 0.11406638121439351, 0.0034036297627069332, -0.08864432266326966, -0.25267899379617087, 0.3738671571568207, -0.08533901514278518, 0.22931589227583674, 0.09721672662568313, 0.08500781731628296, -0.04398237351604082, 0.04822909295627916, 0.08573021532760726, -0.18414197890740103, 0.05720405542740115, 0.26801948802959585, 0.10369410067451773, 0.1970464879715884, -0.45937792901639585, -0.19955518144113873, 0.16188818154235682, 0.13077950170608582, 0.10715050243393139, -0.06938252793366297, -0.2322010653162444, 0.1356062339446335, -0.037385470871986064, -0.17460750922974613, -0.14544678210384315, 0.010362227274863809, 0.09838035588877068, -0.30573301997760105, 0.09941578549505384, 0.13963382792900558, 0.008625757052666612, -0.16497038542810413, -0.03919181127653078, -0.12457006666119452, 0.032162613752815455, 0.04579060945521902, 0.03936967277830398, 0.10754038546993225, -0.09771932554603727, -0.037328674354486995, 0.2986634104616112, -0.10370173942970319, -0.2796419744414312, 0.16729442264746736, -0.19088264023540197, -0.07699774805870321, 0.13719833304208737, 0.15817615063861012, 0.13244264000267894, -0.13626271857086708, 0.034297926728699905, -0.07052840009607651, 0.14492141779650142, 0.13372386426285462, -0.03371505706605536, 0.16372212615829926, 0.058990957905296924, 0.16864246574954855, 0.12924059731799556, 0.019836081666182035, -0.0985865656769386, -0.32862408904151785, -0.14264732675143965, -0.1943958799044291, 0.10592534929391048, -0.0664381932254872, -0.1723780865194621, 0.3901650571712741, 0.06984344615031862, 0.19032962115145186, 0.07494507830038115, 0.228337904162429, 0.13633073128207965, 0.06976356970025571, 0.16313824592227186, 0.1940840910430308, 0.09358217608597544, 0.10392905635483286, -0.2167398881736315, 0.043215167674201506, 0.060221053659915924] |
1,802.04771 | Joint subnatural-linewidth and single-photon emission from resonance
fluorescence | Resonance fluorescence---the light emitted when exciting resonantly a
two-level system---is a popular quantum source as it seems to inherit its
spectral properties from the driving laser and its statistical properties from
the two-level system, thus providing a subnatural-linewidth single-photon
source. However, these two qualities do not actually coexist in resonance
fluorescence, since an optical target detecting these antibunched photons will
either be spectrally broad itself and not benefit from the spectrally narrow
source, or match spectrally with the source but in this case the antibunching
will be spoiled. We first explain this failure through a decomposition of the
field-emission and how this gets affected by frequency resolution. We then show
how to restore the sought joint subnatural linewidth and antibunched
properties, by interfering the resonance fluorescence output with a coherent
beam. We finally discuss how the signal that is eventually generated in this
way features a new type of quantum correlations, with a plateau of antibunching
which suppresses much more strongly close photon pairs. This introduces a new
concept of perfect single-photon source.
| quant-ph cond-mat.quant-gas | resonance fluorescencethe light emitted when exciting resonantly a twolevel systemis a popular quantum source as it seems to inherit its spectral properties from the driving laser and its statistical properties from the twolevel system thus providing a subnaturallinewidth singlephoton source however these two qualities do not actually coexist in resonance fluorescence since an optical target detecting these antibunched photons will either be spectrally broad itself and not benefit from the spectrally narrow source or match spectrally with the source but in this case the antibunching will be spoiled we first explain this failure through a decomposition of the fieldemission and how this gets affected by frequency resolution we then show how to restore the sought joint subnatural linewidth and antibunched properties by interfering the resonance fluorescence output with a coherent beam we finally discuss how the signal that is eventually generated in this way features a new type of quantum correlations with a plateau of antibunching which suppresses much more strongly close photon pairs this introduces a new concept of perfect singlephoton source | [['resonance', 'fluorescencethe', 'light', 'emitted', 'when', 'exciting', 'resonantly', 'a', 'twolevel', 'systemis', 'a', 'popular', 'quantum', 'source', 'as', 'it', 'seems', 'to', 'inherit', 'its', 'spectral', 'properties', 'from', 'the', 'driving', 'laser', 'and', 'its', 'statistical', 'properties', 'from', 'the', 'twolevel', 'system', 'thus', 'providing', 'a', 'subnaturallinewidth', 'singlephoton', 'source', 'however', 'these', 'two', 'qualities', 'do', 'not', 'actually', 'coexist', 'in', 'resonance', 'fluorescence', 'since', 'an', 'optical', 'target', 'detecting', 'these', 'antibunched', 'photons', 'will', 'either', 'be', 'spectrally', 'broad', 'itself', 'and', 'not', 'benefit', 'from', 'the', 'spectrally', 'narrow', 'source', 'or', 'match', 'spectrally', 'with', 'the', 'source', 'but', 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1,802.04772 | The Cosmic Dust Analyzer onboard Cassini: ten years of discoveries | The interplanetary space probe Cassini/Huygens reached Saturn in July 2004
after seven years of cruise phase. The Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) measures the
interplanetary, interstellar and planetary dust in our solar system since 1999
and provided unique discoveries. In 1999, CDA detected interstellar dust in the
inner solar system followed by the detection of electrical charges of
interplanetary dust grains during the cruise phase between Earth and Jupiter.
The instrument determined the composition of interplanetary dust and the
nanometre sized dust streams originating from Jupiter's moon Io. During the
approach to Saturn in 2004, similar streams of submicron grains with speeds in
the order of 100 km/s were detected from Saturn's inner and outer ring system
and are released to the interplanetary magnetic field. Since 2004 CDA measured
more than one million dust impacts characterizing the dust environment of
Saturn. The instrument is one of three experiments which discovered the active
ice geysers located at the south pole of Saturn's moon Enceladus in 2005.
Later, a detailed compositional analysis of the water ice grains in Saturn's E
ring system lead to the discovery of large reservoirs of liquid water (oceans)
below the icy crust of Enceladus. Finally, the determination of the dust-
magnetosphere interaction and the discovery of the extended E ring (at least
twice as large as predicted) allowed the definition of a dynamical dust model
of Saturn's E ring describing the observed properties. This paper summarizes
the discoveries of a ten year story of success based on reliable measurements
with the most advanced dust detector flown in space until today. This paper
focuses on cruise results and findings achieved at Saturn with a focus on flux
and density measurements.
| astro-ph.EP physics.space-ph | the interplanetary space probe cassinihuygens reached saturn in july 2004 after seven years of cruise phase the cosmic dust analyzer cda measures the interplanetary interstellar and planetary dust in our solar system since 1999 and provided unique discoveries in 1999 cda detected interstellar dust in the inner solar system followed by the detection of electrical charges of interplanetary dust grains during the cruise phase between earth and jupiter the instrument determined the composition of interplanetary dust and the nanometre sized dust streams originating from jupiters moon io during the approach to saturn in 2004 similar streams of submicron grains with speeds in the order of 100 kms were detected from saturns inner and outer ring system and are released to the interplanetary magnetic field since 2004 cda measured more than one million dust impacts characterizing the dust environment of saturn the instrument is one of three experiments which discovered the active ice geysers located at the south pole of saturns moon enceladus in 2005 later a detailed compositional analysis of the water ice grains in saturns e ring system lead to the discovery of large reservoirs of liquid water oceans below the icy crust of enceladus finally the determination of the dust magnetosphere interaction and the discovery of the extended e ring at least twice as large as predicted allowed the definition of a dynamical dust model of saturns e ring describing the observed properties this paper summarizes the discoveries of a ten year story of success based on reliable measurements with the most advanced dust detector flown in space until today this paper focuses on cruise results and findings achieved at saturn with a focus on flux and density measurements | [['the', 'interplanetary', 'space', 'probe', 'cassinihuygens', 'reached', 'saturn', 'in', 'july', '2004', 'after', 'seven', 'years', 'of', 'cruise', 'phase', 'the', 'cosmic', 'dust', 'analyzer', 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1,802.04773 | Future Ground-based Wide Field of View Air Shower Detectors | Extensive air shower (EAS) arrays directly sample the shower particles that
reach the observation altitude. They are wide field of view (FoV) detectors
able to view the whole sky simultaneously and continuously. In fact, EAS arrays
have an effective FoV of about 2 sr and operate with a duty cycle of
$\sim$100\%. This capability makes them well suited to study extended sources,
such as the Galactic diffuse emission and measure the spectra of Galactic
sources at the highest energies (near or beyond 100 TeV). Their sensitivity in
the sub-TeV/TeV energy domain cannot compete with that of Cherenkov telescopes,
but the wide FoV is ideal to perform unbiased sky surveys, discover transients
or explosive events (GRBs) and monitor variable or flaring sources such as
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). An EAS array is able to detect at the same time
events induced by photons and charged cosmic rays, thus studying the connection
between these two messengers of the non-thermal Universe. Therefore, these
detectors are, by definition, multi-messenger instruments.
Wide FoV telescopes are crucial for a multi-messenger study of the
Gravitational Wave events due to their capability to survey simultaneously all
the large sky regions identified by LIGO and VIRGO, looking for a possible
correlated $\gamma$-ray emission.
In this contribution we summarize the scientific motivations which push the
construction of new wide FoV air shower detectors and introduce the future
instruments currently under installation. Finally, we emphasize the need of an
EAS array in the Southern hemisphere to monitor the Inner Galaxy and face a
number of important open problems.
| astro-ph.HE hep-ex | extensive air shower eas arrays directly sample the shower particles that reach the observation altitude they are wide field of view fov detectors able to view the whole sky simultaneously and continuously in fact eas arrays have an effective fov of about 2 sr and operate with a duty cycle of sim100 this capability makes them well suited to study extended sources such as the galactic diffuse emission and measure the spectra of galactic sources at the highest energies near or beyond 100 tev their sensitivity in the subtevtev energy domain cannot compete with that of cherenkov telescopes but the wide fov is ideal to perform unbiased sky surveys discover transients or explosive events grbs and monitor variable or flaring sources such as active galactic nuclei agn an eas array is able to detect at the same time events induced by photons and charged cosmic rays thus studying the connection between these two messengers of the nonthermal universe therefore these detectors are by definition multimessenger instruments wide fov telescopes are crucial for a multimessenger study of the gravitational wave events due to their capability to survey simultaneously all the large sky regions identified by ligo and virgo looking for a possible correlated gammaray emission in this contribution we summarize the scientific motivations which push the construction of new wide fov air shower detectors and introduce the future instruments currently under installation finally we emphasize the need of an eas array in the southern hemisphere to monitor the inner galaxy and face a number of important open problems | [['extensive', 'air', 'shower', 'eas', 'arrays', 'directly', 'sample', 'the', 'shower', 'particles', 'that', 'reach', 'the', 'observation', 'altitude', 'they', 'are', 'wide', 'field', 'of', 'view', 'fov', 'detectors', 'able', 'to', 'view', 'the', 'whole', 'sky', 'simultaneously', 'and', 'continuously', 'in', 'fact', 'eas', 'arrays', 'have', 'an', 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1,802.04774 | Asset Price Volatility and Price Extrema | The relationship between price volatilty and a market extremum is examined
using a fundamental economics model of supply and demand. By examining
randomness through a microeconomic setting, we obtain the implications of
randomness in the supply and demand, rather than assuming that price has
randomness on an empirical basis. Within a very general setting the volatility
has an extremum that precedes the extremum of the price. A key issue is that
randomness arises from the supply and demand, and the variance in the
stochastic differential equation govening the logarithm of price must reflect
this. Analogous results are obtained by further assuming that the supply and
demand are dependent on the deviation from fundamental value of the asset.
| q-fin.MF math.PR math.ST stat.TH | the relationship between price volatilty and a market extremum is examined using a fundamental economics model of supply and demand by examining randomness through a microeconomic setting we obtain the implications of randomness in the supply and demand rather than assuming that price has randomness on an empirical basis within a very general setting the volatility has an extremum that precedes the extremum of the price a key issue is that randomness arises from the supply and demand and the variance in the stochastic differential equation govening the logarithm of price must reflect this analogous results are obtained by further assuming that the supply and demand are dependent on the deviation from fundamental value of the asset | [['the', 'relationship', 'between', 'price', 'volatilty', 'and', 'a', 'market', 'extremum', 'is', 'examined', 'using', 'a', 'fundamental', 'economics', 'model', 'of', 'supply', 'and', 'demand', 'by', 'examining', 'randomness', 'through', 'a', 'microeconomic', 'setting', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'implications', 'of', 'randomness', 'in', 'the', 'supply', 'and', 'demand', 'rather', 'than', 'assuming', 'that', 'price', 'has', 'randomness', 'on', 'an', 'empirical', 'basis', 'within', 'a', 'very', 'general', 'setting', 'the', 'volatility', 'has', 'an', 'extremum', 'that', 'precedes', 'the', 'extremum', 'of', 'the', 'price', 'a', 'key', 'issue', 'is', 'that', 'randomness', 'arises', 'from', 'the', 'supply', 'and', 'demand', 'and', 'the', 'variance', 'in', 'the', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equation', 'govening', 'the', 'logarithm', 'of', 'price', 'must', 'reflect', 'this', 'analogous', 'results', 'are', 'obtained', 'by', 'further', 'assuming', 'that', 'the', 'supply', 'and', 'demand', 'are', 'dependent', 'on', 'the', 'deviation', 'from', 'fundamental', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'asset']] | [-0.10152900882632188, 0.07865957524247832, -0.12154838378014772, 0.11901846079095064, -0.05897714112196927, -0.11874487421718305, 0.12669113392880915, 0.34369798113146555, -0.2958850618937741, -0.26510099865820097, 0.17075312939148557, -0.3000197372196809, -0.12211477045455704, 0.20748645473555055, -0.13666359293274583, 0.014694640803677233, -0.02041191422663953, 0.04331053853358911, 0.040793124578245306, -0.22054871178799026, 0.3172586344101507, 0.08001585904022922, 0.30829042580140675, 0.05432581980662096, 0.13235433950372363, -0.009282128725443844, -0.03685977632260841, 0.02547734101181445, -0.13047532050227545, 0.17736413394627365, 0.2152154609783674, 0.12283461342525223, 0.36466875426147294, -0.440640732070998, -0.195224859646481, 0.12714093939158255, 0.025023451811664373, 0.053204876218881945, -0.0519296758018596, -0.1819935917813817, 0.025835839120428198, -0.18219963655726093, -0.09435582025705472, -0.033894000194318916, 0.006815915749124859, 0.0658809853758177, -0.297815525305012, 0.08121400329729785, 0.06303752863212772, 0.08489652358668694, -0.039852138357641904, -0.0861097965946259, -0.06728836096337308, 0.1354073783823127, 0.12832960550693553, -0.02131426653460316, 0.11022645482469512, -0.16298019582527162, -0.13827027563491592, 0.40318051964530477, -0.07207141605107134, -0.17272194767289836, 0.09365815455498902, -0.1413707252429879, -0.11201553805528776, 0.07547909529150829, 0.15476660233031472, 0.0024756738065701465, -0.20771967362936425, 0.1025486625690499, -0.05565916098168363, 0.19959213385236976, 0.04488880299234196, 0.0037643191429948355, 0.20717048860438492, 0.1783779282203835, 0.13698920639960663, 0.13877197329319366, -0.02788115470143764, -0.19187545243488704, -0.3098510156183139, -0.12226798663968626, -0.20876290027214134, 0.10580815891127872, -0.1636913997558978, -0.10789768953362237, 0.372103429723369, 0.1529802836396772, 0.1667012834030649, 0.08067624402110991, 0.2766810250023137, 0.20096173273480455, -0.03263138678410779, 0.10434866493324871, 0.2033630856272319, 0.057489385484191385, 0.14453827665470864, -0.19306411872739376, 0.2094462877827818, 0.033669235865059106] |
1,802.04775 | Power Control via Stackelberg Game for Small-Cell Networks | In this paper, power control for two-tier small-cell networks in the uplink
is investigated. We formulate the power control problem as a Stackelberg game,
where the macrocell user equipment (MUE) acts as the leader and the small-cell
user equipments (SUEs) as the followers. To reduce the cross-tier and co-tier
interference and also the power consumption of both the MUE and SUEs, we
propose to impose a set of costs on their transmit powers and optimize not only
the transmit rate but also the transmit power. The corresponding optimization
problems are solved by two-layer iterations. In the inner iteration, the SUEs
compete with each other and their optimal transmit powers are obtained through
iterative computations. In the outer iteration, the MUE's optimal transmit
power is obtained in a closed form based on the transmit powers of the SUEs
through proper mathematical manipulations. We prove the convergence of the
proposed power control scheme, and also theoretically show the existence and
uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE) in the formulated Stackelberg
game. Simulation results show great improvement of the proposed power control
scheme especially for the MUE.
| cs.IT math.IT | in this paper power control for twotier smallcell networks in the uplink is investigated we formulate the power control problem as a stackelberg game where the macrocell user equipment mue acts as the leader and the smallcell user equipments sues as the followers to reduce the crosstier and cotier interference and also the power consumption of both the mue and sues we propose to impose a set of costs on their transmit powers and optimize not only the transmit rate but also the transmit power the corresponding optimization problems are solved by twolayer iterations in the inner iteration the sues compete with each other and their optimal transmit powers are obtained through iterative computations in the outer iteration the mues optimal transmit power is obtained in a closed form based on the transmit powers of the sues through proper mathematical manipulations we prove the convergence of the proposed power control scheme and also theoretically show the existence and uniqueness of the stackelberg equilibrium se in the formulated stackelberg game simulation results show great improvement of the proposed power control scheme especially for the mue | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'power', 'control', 'for', 'twotier', 'smallcell', 'networks', 'in', 'the', 'uplink', 'is', 'investigated', 'we', 'formulate', 'the', 'power', 'control', 'problem', 'as', 'a', 'stackelberg', 'game', 'where', 'the', 'macrocell', 'user', 'equipment', 'mue', 'acts', 'as', 'the', 'leader', 'and', 'the', 'smallcell', 'user', 'equipments', 'sues', 'as', 'the', 'followers', 'to', 'reduce', 'the', 'crosstier', 'and', 'cotier', 'interference', 'and', 'also', 'the', 'power', 'consumption', 'of', 'both', 'the', 'mue', 'and', 'sues', 'we', 'propose', 'to', 'impose', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'costs', 'on', 'their', 'transmit', 'powers', 'and', 'optimize', 'not', 'only', 'the', 'transmit', 'rate', 'but', 'also', 'the', 'transmit', 'power', 'the', 'corresponding', 'optimization', 'problems', 'are', 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1,802.04776 | Crystalline topological states at a topological insulator junction | We consider an interface between two strong time-reversal invariant
topological insulators having surface states with opposite spin chirality, or
equivalently, opposite mirror Chern number. We show that such an interface
supports gapless modes that are protected by mirror symmetry. The interface
states are investigated with a continuum model for the Bi2Se3 class of
topological insulators that takes into account terms up to third order in the
crystal momentum, which ensures that the model has the correct symmetry. The
model parameters are obtained from ab initio calculations. Finally, we consider
the effect of rotational mismatch at the interface, which breaks the mirror
symmetry and opens a gap in the interface spectrum.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we consider an interface between two strong timereversal invariant topological insulators having surface states with opposite spin chirality or equivalently opposite mirror chern number we show that such an interface supports gapless modes that are protected by mirror symmetry the interface states are investigated with a continuum model for the bi2se3 class of topological insulators that takes into account terms up to third order in the crystal momentum which ensures that the model has the correct symmetry the model parameters are obtained from ab initio calculations finally we consider the effect of rotational mismatch at the interface which breaks the mirror symmetry and opens a gap in the interface spectrum | [['we', 'consider', 'an', 'interface', 'between', 'two', 'strong', 'timereversal', 'invariant', 'topological', 'insulators', 'having', 'surface', 'states', 'with', 'opposite', 'spin', 'chirality', 'or', 'equivalently', 'opposite', 'mirror', 'chern', 'number', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'such', 'an', 'interface', 'supports', 'gapless', 'modes', 'that', 'are', 'protected', 'by', 'mirror', 'symmetry', 'the', 'interface', 'states', 'are', 'investigated', 'with', 'a', 'continuum', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'bi2se3', 'class', 'of', 'topological', 'insulators', 'that', 'takes', 'into', 'account', 'terms', 'up', 'to', 'third', 'order', 'in', 'the', 'crystal', 'momentum', 'which', 'ensures', 'that', 'the', 'model', 'has', 'the', 'correct', 'symmetry', 'the', 'model', 'parameters', 'are', 'obtained', 'from', 'ab', 'initio', 'calculations', 'finally', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'rotational', 'mismatch', 'at', 'the', 'interface', 'which', 'breaks', 'the', 'mirror', 'symmetry', 'and', 'opens', 'a', 'gap', 'in', 'the', 'interface', 'spectrum']] | [-0.22110324669206008, 0.2191220418266973, -0.07578348559327423, 0.03201060139320113, -0.06258475572209467, -0.18887160907245495, 0.03165270557034422, 0.3897962333465164, -0.26783046794377946, -0.31583711753853344, 0.012193130676380613, -0.29568353610282594, -0.13292263499778612, 0.0970927629429339, 0.03054994883185083, 0.0442059165713462, -0.035588459844108335, -0.055314327056773686, -0.11745076289569789, -0.13605826415190347, 0.3419797826897014, -0.04716924367980523, 0.3266251816414297, 0.08446808161785488, 0.06017818773504008, 0.014471168860539117, 0.1103217308049683, 0.00664065656336871, -0.11214937927672343, 0.06783115338343619, 0.19376995974558997, -0.09680890657685019, 0.1521753432567824, -0.4908123250034722, -0.19718684758991004, 0.006661298640326343, 0.08968116737140173, 0.17539423943539573, -0.0981335125313225, -0.3171148670837283, 0.10283337577076798, -0.1609613852660087, -0.13573308697563002, -0.07943087595260956, -0.027728262618819083, -0.08992415432902899, -0.20461072014560075, 0.05703347719867121, 0.07421121797524392, 0.08372353310425586, -0.08299662300639532, -0.08697564109990542, -0.183666607928039, 0.1009176399982111, 0.09418860934992236, 0.006858033276247707, 0.06617243023938499, -0.13390531879003076, -0.13345368797467513, 0.42072412717071445, -0.05332530573465523, -0.18409452986988153, 0.1722242135850882, -0.13787459346296435, -0.10335310322274878, 0.14759493813087995, 0.11566231946661984, 0.06722058187323537, -0.0507024405693466, 0.11526016327076252, -0.053428730254315514, 0.19209071739830755, 0.01014954247088595, 0.05920906813645905, 0.28171449202028187, 0.09719191098331728, 0.09392978090115568, 0.18373382235453886, -0.10466419822769239, -0.07167596400884742, -0.32411624972115866, -0.21101043140092357, -0.22602239491164006, 0.005220486122098836, -0.023368840562894053, -0.15277115445668724, 0.4496355875945565, 0.10531974434429271, 0.18176236534067852, 0.016549639355137268, 0.23330023163421587, 0.14187786239622668, 0.08791058568114585, 0.060623312838883565, 0.2541630981913344, 0.11324531813469631, 0.014645400541749868, -0.27397877439983526, 0.026128282211720942, 0.06752488101007079] |
1,802.04777 | The continuous route to multi-chaos | For low-dimensional chaotic attractors there is usually a single number of
unstable dimensions for all of its periodic orbits and we can say such
attractors exhibit "mono-chaos". In high-dimensional chaotic attractors,
trajectories are prone to travel through quite different regions of phase
space, some far more unstable than others. This heterogeneity makes
predictability even more difficult than in low-dimensional homogeneous chaotic
attractors. A chaotic attractor is "multi-chaotic" if every point of the
attractor is arbitrarily close to periodic points with different numbers of
unstable dimensions. We believe that most physical systems possessing a
high-dimensional attractor are of this type. We make three conjectures about
multi-chaos which we explore using three two-dimensional paradigmatic examples
of multi-chaotic attractors. They can be thought of as small-scale examples
that give insight for real high-dimensional phenomena. We find a single route
from mono-chaos to multi-chaos if an attractor changes continuously as a
parameter is varied. This multi-chaos bifurcation (MCB) is a periodic orbit
bifurcation; one branch of periodic orbits is created with a number of unstable
dimensions that is different from the mono-chaos.
| nlin.CD | for lowdimensional chaotic attractors there is usually a single number of unstable dimensions for all of its periodic orbits and we can say such attractors exhibit monochaos in highdimensional chaotic attractors trajectories are prone to travel through quite different regions of phase space some far more unstable than others this heterogeneity makes predictability even more difficult than in lowdimensional homogeneous chaotic attractors a chaotic attractor is multichaotic if every point of the attractor is arbitrarily close to periodic points with different numbers of unstable dimensions we believe that most physical systems possessing a highdimensional attractor are of this type we make three conjectures about multichaos which we explore using three twodimensional paradigmatic examples of multichaotic attractors they can be thought of as smallscale examples that give insight for real highdimensional phenomena we find a single route from monochaos to multichaos if an attractor changes continuously as a parameter is varied this multichaos bifurcation mcb is a periodic orbit bifurcation one branch of periodic orbits is created with a number of unstable dimensions that is different from the monochaos | [['for', 'lowdimensional', 'chaotic', 'attractors', 'there', 'is', 'usually', 'a', 'single', 'number', 'of', 'unstable', 'dimensions', 'for', 'all', 'of', 'its', 'periodic', 'orbits', 'and', 'we', 'can', 'say', 'such', 'attractors', 'exhibit', 'monochaos', 'in', 'highdimensional', 'chaotic', 'attractors', 'trajectories', 'are', 'prone', 'to', 'travel', 'through', 'quite', 'different', 'regions', 'of', 'phase', 'space', 'some', 'far', 'more', 'unstable', 'than', 'others', 'this', 'heterogeneity', 'makes', 'predictability', 'even', 'more', 'difficult', 'than', 'in', 'lowdimensional', 'homogeneous', 'chaotic', 'attractors', 'a', 'chaotic', 'attractor', 'is', 'multichaotic', 'if', 'every', 'point', 'of', 'the', 'attractor', 'is', 'arbitrarily', 'close', 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1,802.04778 | The Quotient of Normal Random Variables And Application to Asset Price
Fat Tails | The quotient of random variables with normal distributions is examined and
proven to have have power law decay, with density $f\left( x\right) \simeq
f_{0}x^{-2}$, with the coefficient depending on the means and variances of the
numerator and denominator and their correlation. We also obtain the conditional
probability densities for each of the four quadrants given by the signs of the
numerator and denominator for arbitrary correlation $\rho \in\lbrack-1,1).$ For
$\rho=-1$ we obtain a particularly simple closed form solution for all $x\in$
$\mathbb{R}$. The results are applied to a basic issue in economics and
finance, namely the density of relative price changes. Classical finance
stipulates a normal distribution of relative price changes, though empirical
studies suggest a power law at the tail end. By considering the supply and
demand in a basic price change model, we prove that the relative price change
has density that decays with an $x^{-2}$ power law. Various parameter limits
are established.
| q-fin.MF math.PR math.ST stat.TH | the quotient of random variables with normal distributions is examined and proven to have have power law decay with density fleft xright simeq f_0x2 with the coefficient depending on the means and variances of the numerator and denominator and their correlation we also obtain the conditional probability densities for each of the four quadrants given by the signs of the numerator and denominator for arbitrary correlation rho inlbrack11 for rho1 we obtain a particularly simple closed form solution for all xin mathbbr the results are applied to a basic issue in economics and finance namely the density of relative price changes classical finance stipulates a normal distribution of relative price changes though empirical studies suggest a power law at the tail end by considering the supply and demand in a basic price change model we prove that the relative price change has density that decays with an x2 power law various parameter limits are established | [['the', 'quotient', 'of', 'random', 'variables', 'with', 'normal', 'distributions', 'is', 'examined', 'and', 'proven', 'to', 'have', 'have', 'power', 'law', 'decay', 'with', 'density', 'fleft', 'xright', 'simeq', 'f_0x2', 'with', 'the', 'coefficient', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'means', 'and', 'variances', 'of', 'the', 'numerator', 'and', 'denominator', 'and', 'their', 'correlation', 'we', 'also', 'obtain', 'the', 'conditional', 'probability', 'densities', 'for', 'each', 'of', 'the', 'four', 'quadrants', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'signs', 'of', 'the', 'numerator', 'and', 'denominator', 'for', 'arbitrary', 'correlation', 'rho', 'inlbrack11', 'for', 'rho1', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'particularly', 'simple', 'closed', 'form', 'solution', 'for', 'all', 'xin', 'mathbbr', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'applied', 'to', 'a', 'basic', 'issue', 'in', 'economics', 'and', 'finance', 'namely', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'relative', 'price', 'changes', 'classical', 'finance', 'stipulates', 'a', 'normal', 'distribution', 'of', 'relative', 'price', 'changes', 'though', 'empirical', 'studies', 'suggest', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'at', 'the', 'tail', 'end', 'by', 'considering', 'the', 'supply', 'and', 'demand', 'in', 'a', 'basic', 'price', 'change', 'model', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'relative', 'price', 'change', 'has', 'density', 'that', 'decays', 'with', 'an', 'x2', 'power', 'law', 'various', 'parameter', 'limits', 'are', 'established']] | [-0.10562281622768234, 0.09278156800171607, -0.09854750052091416, 0.0805838737489193, -0.03657447260019241, -0.14245204706341516, 0.0651817325680681, 0.3517300637524112, -0.2703371154314844, -0.2496613281675511, 0.10676366328246575, -0.3155819350409206, -0.10749704187303732, 0.17807767090685908, -0.062130555674871975, 0.05151834460797117, -0.04213573947911047, 0.06963451420949175, -0.05805695117481686, -0.23465083292959368, 0.29870688433156295, -0.002006430172793616, 0.28183012119999606, 0.03788522491193516, 0.11164870799452163, -0.018383507765951306, -0.041875835811320594, 0.023707140754494403, -0.1660285872637235, 0.09279796882508569, 0.20856302537730123, 0.09884485405157595, 0.2936678222362317, -0.3886362245257676, -0.16379882221177122, 0.15592881203233416, 0.09848223033275919, -0.02798189519443458, -0.02273014516743156, -0.21390281604249883, 0.07170813908500694, -0.21318087049948622, -0.15284960334694464, -0.07490448548848089, 0.09176866315743502, 0.09954005902255672, -0.33427449657880015, 0.13298431983399447, 0.030823849165137612, 0.06311131481787348, -0.032927856295144345, -0.1725101050878175, -0.01559982216366098, 0.12435225870009828, 0.11148552313139601, -0.0009369108174604918, 0.13018033697743128, -0.15808907234006458, -0.09760196428073363, 0.3538981194674871, -0.07155557346889396, -0.20388517683384075, 0.1020541322155813, -0.2090142440823899, -0.14306764472641198, 0.09189422300018467, 0.12360372270755714, 0.058193961517484724, -0.10580384578507125, 0.12058280953518084, -0.03164234402927333, 0.1503962137085063, 0.10506258516426326, 0.02043215025313734, 0.16866488698139495, 0.0755128467918124, 0.07876609845598247, 0.11530284275410368, -0.07558901721970757, -0.11110074745545931, -0.30478369403825284, -0.1497144757913048, -0.16808500321767617, 0.0778597302101796, -0.15038133307454843, -0.13910168562057046, 0.3692703092017278, 0.07609625899322708, 0.20681052595328273, 0.12881241483139058, 0.25669129819797926, 0.2234203075758772, -0.013490789070774138, 0.09430519064730095, 0.16519640769285995, 0.12092440231593654, 0.08125570822458446, -0.1813067323102135, 0.13488814858658835, 0.03876107230971208] |
1,802.04779 | Generalized Lagrangian Jacobi-Gauss-Radau collocation method for solving
a nonlinear 2-D optimal control problem with the classical diffusion equation | In this paper, a nonlinear 2D Optimal Control Problem (2DOCP) is considered.
The quadratic performance index of a nonlinear cost function is endowed with
the state and control functions. In this problem, the dynamic constraint of the
system is given by a classical diffusion equation. This article is concerned
with a generalization of Lagrangian functions. Besides, a Generalized
Lagrangian Jacobi-Gauss-Radau (GLJGR)-collocation method is introduced and
applied to solve the aforementioned 2DOCP. Based on initial and boundary
conditions, the time and space variables t and x are considered
Jacobi-Gauss-Radau points clustered on first or end of interval respectively.
Then, to solve the 2DOCP, Lagrange Multipliers are used and the optimal control
problem is reduced to a parameter optimization problem. Numerical results
demonstrate its accuracy, efficiency, and versatility of the presented method.
| math.NA | in this paper a nonlinear 2d optimal control problem 2docp is considered the quadratic performance index of a nonlinear cost function is endowed with the state and control functions in this problem the dynamic constraint of the system is given by a classical diffusion equation this article is concerned with a generalization of lagrangian functions besides a generalized lagrangian jacobigaussradau gljgrcollocation method is introduced and applied to solve the aforementioned 2docp based on initial and boundary conditions the time and space variables t and x are considered jacobigaussradau points clustered on first or end of interval respectively then to solve the 2docp lagrange multipliers are used and the optimal control problem is reduced to a parameter optimization problem numerical results demonstrate its accuracy efficiency and versatility of the presented method | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'a', 'nonlinear', '2d', 'optimal', 'control', 'problem', '2docp', 'is', 'considered', 'the', 'quadratic', 'performance', 'index', 'of', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'cost', 'function', 'is', 'endowed', 'with', 'the', 'state', 'and', 'control', 'functions', 'in', 'this', 'problem', 'the', 'dynamic', 'constraint', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'a', 'classical', 'diffusion', 'equation', 'this', 'article', 'is', 'concerned', 'with', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'lagrangian', 'functions', 'besides', 'a', 'generalized', 'lagrangian', 'jacobigaussradau', 'gljgrcollocation', 'method', 'is', 'introduced', 'and', 'applied', 'to', 'solve', 'the', 'aforementioned', '2docp', 'based', 'on', 'initial', 'and', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'the', 'time', 'and', 'space', 'variables', 't', 'and', 'x', 'are', 'considered', 'jacobigaussradau', 'points', 'clustered', 'on', 'first', 'or', 'end', 'of', 'interval', 'respectively', 'then', 'to', 'solve', 'the', '2docp', 'lagrange', 'multipliers', 'are', 'used', 'and', 'the', 'optimal', 'control', 'problem', 'is', 'reduced', 'to', 'a', 'parameter', 'optimization', 'problem', 'numerical', 'results', 'demonstrate', 'its', 'accuracy', 'efficiency', 'and', 'versatility', 'of', 'the', 'presented', 'method']] | [-0.13309958877850525, 0.03276564467106332, -0.06748205038011362, 0.046728817566456776, -0.08733137458555632, -0.13542274536218407, 0.03874305980875655, 0.3407259357356748, -0.31580230141737203, -0.28391757027007813, 0.13473375190262388, -0.23071178509095727, -0.16326772406256881, 0.18816474123222596, -0.09182159406270167, 0.1438812525620749, 0.054718453545383246, 0.02861336075768277, -0.10241900880274168, -0.2582966442573671, 0.31983450001787916, 0.02509127025467221, 0.24853471729565094, 0.03834529097242526, 0.17918561345919273, 0.0014740227335385343, -0.0037464961813863857, 0.05373943955596905, -0.12326689210337724, 0.1190638705003328, 0.23350987579067087, 0.09371040954593887, 0.316000703520091, -0.37180196888051753, -0.2067669535907664, 0.09713226592875729, 0.10858053527772427, 0.030442691321463086, -0.025240831378515263, -0.23694700814870207, 0.10427893303035102, -0.12201974177444282, -0.1379228796225128, -0.02775551797641629, -0.019377609812329676, 0.03527716251970955, -0.32852615134825736, 0.07585452488702975, 0.031457252623585535, 0.0058224347259627305, -0.11331536792770981, -0.10037346356349831, 0.0031359710680075393, 0.05785615275642842, 0.01909803671314735, 0.05821758521316472, 0.08578098545847244, -0.09296298612003005, -0.11979947240243471, 0.3924681118638941, -0.02598459180624968, -0.31582840295984993, 0.1510237668651741, -0.05788540573025397, -0.09417033718191375, 0.10697725267228923, 0.2092086601164914, 0.19059909699311436, -0.15579936984031237, 0.1334030703978086, -0.030086513102422795, 0.15592412237626638, 0.03328822689607393, -0.02404688301770551, 0.09040529035255601, 0.17429750014002643, 0.14466594916212466, 0.18886749141478673, -0.02179092149856652, -0.11927517262186364, -0.2853510011305181, -0.14460854069871265, -0.18879538668001922, -0.01531163035700632, -0.07726872475854349, -0.141893080926623, 0.4104270492175002, 0.1301921198316922, 0.1797333763363634, 0.06426042968104052, 0.2870220467718968, 0.20369598901173633, -0.01857000335874108, 0.07342202103039784, 0.18896034699070535, 0.14352635937822303, 0.10795222619158584, -0.24960162867557315, 0.020349996507369964, 0.13191932717756938] |
1,802.0478 | DataBright: Towards a Global Exchange for Decentralized Data Ownership
and Trusted Computation | It is safe to assume that, for the foreseeable future, machine learning,
especially deep learning will remain both data- and computation-hungry. In this
paper, we ask: Can we build a global exchange where everyone can contribute
computation and data to train the next generation of machine learning
applications?
We present an early, but running prototype of DataBright, a system that turns
the creation of training examples and the sharing of computation into an
investment mechanism. Unlike most crowdsourcing platforms, where the
contributor gets paid when they submit their data, DataBright pays dividends
whenever a contributor's data or hardware is used by someone to train a machine
learning model. The contributor becomes a shareholder in the dataset they
created. To enable the measurement of usage, a computation platform that
contributors can trust is also necessary. DataBright thus merges both a data
market and a trusted computation market.
We illustrate that trusted computation can enable the creation of an AI
market, where each data point has an exact value that should be paid to its
creator. DataBright allows data creators to retain ownership of their
contribution and attaches to it a measurable value. The value of the data is
given by its utility in subsequent distributed computation done on the
DataBright computation market. The computation market allocates tasks and
subsequent payments to pooled hardware. This leads to the creation of a
decentralized AI cloud. Our experiments show that trusted hardware such as
Intel SGX can be added to the usual ML pipeline with no additional costs. We
use this setting to orchestrate distributed computation that enables the
creation of a computation market. DataBright is available for download at
https://github.com/ds3lab/databright.
| cs.ET cs.AI cs.DB cs.DC cs.LG | it is safe to assume that for the foreseeable future machine learning especially deep learning will remain both data and computationhungry in this paper we ask can we build a global exchange where everyone can contribute computation and data to train the next generation of machine learning applications we present an early but running prototype of databright a system that turns the creation of training examples and the sharing of computation into an investment mechanism unlike most crowdsourcing platforms where the contributor gets paid when they submit their data databright pays dividends whenever a contributors data or hardware is used by someone to train a machine learning model the contributor becomes a shareholder in the dataset they created to enable the measurement of usage a computation platform that contributors can trust is also necessary databright thus merges both a data market and a trusted computation market we illustrate that trusted computation can enable the creation of an ai market where each data point has an exact value that should be paid to its creator databright allows data creators to retain ownership of their contribution and attaches to it a measurable value the value of the data is given by its utility in subsequent distributed computation done on the databright computation market the computation market allocates tasks and subsequent payments to pooled hardware this leads to the creation of a decentralized ai cloud our experiments show that trusted hardware such as intel sgx can be added to the usual ml pipeline with no additional costs we use this setting to orchestrate distributed computation that enables the creation of a computation market databright is available for download at httpsgithubcomds3labdatabright | [['it', 'is', 'safe', 'to', 'assume', 'that', 'for', 'the', 'foreseeable', 'future', 'machine', 'learning', 'especially', 'deep', 'learning', 'will', 'remain', 'both', 'data', 'and', 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1,802.04781 | Measurements on MIMO-FRET nano-networks based on Alexa Fluor dyes | Nano-communication has gained significant attention in the last few years, as
a means to establish information transfer between future nano-machines.
Comparing with other communication techniques for nano-scale (calcium ions
signaling, molecular or catalytic nanomotors, pheromones propagation,
bacteria-based communication), the phenomenon called Forster Resonance Energy
Transfer (FRET) offers significantly smaller propagation delays and high
channel throughput. In this paper, we report our recent experiments on
FRET-based nano-networks performed in the Laboratory of Cell Biophysics of the
Jagiellonian University, Krakow. We propose to use Alexa Fluor dyes as nano
transmitters and receivers, as they enable to create multiple-input
multi-output (MIMO) FRET communication channels and thus enhance FRET
efficiency. We measure FRET efficiency values, calculate bit error rates for
the measured scenarios and extend the calculations to consider a general case
of MIMO (n,m) FRET channels.
| physics.bio-ph q-bio.MN | nanocommunication has gained significant attention in the last few years as a means to establish information transfer between future nanomachines comparing with other communication techniques for nanoscale calcium ions signaling molecular or catalytic nanomotors pheromones propagation bacteriabased communication the phenomenon called forster resonance energy transfer fret offers significantly smaller propagation delays and high channel throughput in this paper we report our recent experiments on fretbased nanonetworks performed in the laboratory of cell biophysics of the jagiellonian university krakow we propose to use alexa fluor dyes as nano transmitters and receivers as they enable to create multipleinput multioutput mimo fret communication channels and thus enhance fret efficiency we measure fret efficiency values calculate bit error rates for the measured scenarios and extend the calculations to consider a general case of mimo nm fret channels | [['nanocommunication', 'has', 'gained', 'significant', 'attention', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'few', 'years', 'as', 'a', 'means', 'to', 'establish', 'information', 'transfer', 'between', 'future', 'nanomachines', 'comparing', 'with', 'other', 'communication', 'techniques', 'for', 'nanoscale', 'calcium', 'ions', 'signaling', 'molecular', 'or', 'catalytic', 'nanomotors', 'pheromones', 'propagation', 'bacteriabased', 'communication', 'the', 'phenomenon', 'called', 'forster', 'resonance', 'energy', 'transfer', 'fret', 'offers', 'significantly', 'smaller', 'propagation', 'delays', 'and', 'high', 'channel', 'throughput', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'report', 'our', 'recent', 'experiments', 'on', 'fretbased', 'nanonetworks', 'performed', 'in', 'the', 'laboratory', 'of', 'cell', 'biophysics', 'of', 'the', 'jagiellonian', 'university', 'krakow', 'we', 'propose', 'to', 'use', 'alexa', 'fluor', 'dyes', 'as', 'nano', 'transmitters', 'and', 'receivers', 'as', 'they', 'enable', 'to', 'create', 'multipleinput', 'multioutput', 'mimo', 'fret', 'communication', 'channels', 'and', 'thus', 'enhance', 'fret', 'efficiency', 'we', 'measure', 'fret', 'efficiency', 'values', 'calculate', 'bit', 'error', 'rates', 'for', 'the', 'measured', 'scenarios', 'and', 'extend', 'the', 'calculations', 'to', 'consider', 'a', 'general', 'case', 'of', 'mimo', 'nm', 'fret', 'channels']] | [-0.15201774510051386, 0.08906288572699961, 0.03476113869427619, 0.023782223296372897, -0.01777693495563598, -0.2458746808115393, 0.09447360895203681, 0.42339345071267226, -0.24635809020731936, -0.2969587776901652, 0.013367743839008846, -0.28002799181690946, -0.15917528984595486, 0.20074481822225745, -0.08778799947520549, 0.07431508385089922, 0.11019596991272093, -0.026426689910956404, 0.018967614391868032, -0.16149234035313412, 0.1920136759660884, 0.16100322620332008, 0.3531228090551766, 0.11559395337914766, 0.10385819425926346, 0.01864987445790603, 0.017729914092783336, -0.1522478523000962, -0.18613578254250265, 0.15229534271709394, 0.36066707756518473, 0.15625421640420842, 0.2838700731694134, -0.4588094722465471, -0.3009788624820596, 0.09850328847476869, 0.21300438143820924, 0.12377509795072855, -0.10537204380009578, -0.2625351952755767, 0.052078049762657785, -0.21726524573221634, -0.003892665434360617, -0.01723421679079448, -0.056873210885731336, 0.06466776250057261, -0.27240975680902146, 0.05030482769132394, -0.04420953978798493, 0.11075163933674048, -0.0347591744520645, -0.12947719016511022, 0.05360035112155884, 0.14476321623519514, -0.012367644083552119, -0.027133153784124068, 0.22559422371683246, -0.08380278500297925, -0.17426642678522816, 0.3423590241846713, -0.040481444681063294, -0.1693941744080362, 0.20525721018632545, -0.13120517052227637, -0.05757414074050206, 0.1264910032041371, 0.2659606941319494, 0.09262361214319809, -0.194879894307109, -0.019312088966905845, 0.06189985565067742, 0.20530184292742473, 0.1362031467142515, 0.13664330728219778, 0.14231871013797706, 0.2281183610506229, 0.0348856935884352, 0.12305963621430706, -0.1770644360239561, -0.12157708086306229, -0.12758230736080528, -0.1985134927160812, -0.19146208959158906, 0.060920887653165584, -0.008306943878944201, -0.02332151588228898, 0.3200241267693469, 0.13505296635169847, 0.11935494301459668, 0.061117691905096624, 0.32708202282700577, 0.021453061171059468, 0.0953939929031273, 0.029553231250522942, 0.2739317418317748, 0.17533204167954286, 0.19787871835852097, -0.24152310033043084, 0.044094000400615514, -0.06608073574589622] |
1,802.04782 | Improving Quadrature for Constrained Integrands | We present an improved Bayesian framework for performing inference of affine
transformations of constrained functions. We focus on quadrature with
nonnegative functions, a common task in Bayesian inference. We consider
constraints on the range of the function of interest, such as nonnegativity or
boundedness. Although our framework is general, we derive explicit
approximation schemes for these constraints, and argue for the use of a log
transformation for functions with high dynamic range such as likelihood
surfaces. We propose a novel method for optimizing hyperparameters in this
framework: we optimize the marginal likelihood in the original space, as
opposed to in the transformed space. The result is a model that better explains
the actual data. Experiments on synthetic and real-world data demonstrate our
framework achieves superior estimates using less wall-clock time than existing
Bayesian quadrature procedures.
| cs.LG stat.ML | we present an improved bayesian framework for performing inference of affine transformations of constrained functions we focus on quadrature with nonnegative functions a common task in bayesian inference we consider constraints on the range of the function of interest such as nonnegativity or boundedness although our framework is general we derive explicit approximation schemes for these constraints and argue for the use of a log transformation for functions with high dynamic range such as likelihood surfaces we propose a novel method for optimizing hyperparameters in this framework we optimize the marginal likelihood in the original space as opposed to in the transformed space the result is a model that better explains the actual data experiments on synthetic and realworld data demonstrate our framework achieves superior estimates using less wallclock time than existing bayesian quadrature procedures | [['we', 'present', 'an', 'improved', 'bayesian', 'framework', 'for', 'performing', 'inference', 'of', 'affine', 'transformations', 'of', 'constrained', 'functions', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'quadrature', 'with', 'nonnegative', 'functions', 'a', 'common', 'task', 'in', 'bayesian', 'inference', 'we', 'consider', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'range', 'of', 'the', 'function', 'of', 'interest', 'such', 'as', 'nonnegativity', 'or', 'boundedness', 'although', 'our', 'framework', 'is', 'general', 'we', 'derive', 'explicit', 'approximation', 'schemes', 'for', 'these', 'constraints', 'and', 'argue', 'for', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'a', 'log', 'transformation', 'for', 'functions', 'with', 'high', 'dynamic', 'range', 'such', 'as', 'likelihood', 'surfaces', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'novel', 'method', 'for', 'optimizing', 'hyperparameters', 'in', 'this', 'framework', 'we', 'optimize', 'the', 'marginal', 'likelihood', 'in', 'the', 'original', 'space', 'as', 'opposed', 'to', 'in', 'the', 'transformed', 'space', 'the', 'result', 'is', 'a', 'model', 'that', 'better', 'explains', 'the', 'actual', 'data', 'experiments', 'on', 'synthetic', 'and', 'realworld', 'data', 'demonstrate', 'our', 'framework', 'achieves', 'superior', 'estimates', 'using', 'less', 'wallclock', 'time', 'than', 'existing', 'bayesian', 'quadrature', 'procedures']] | [-0.05003098784083569, -0.032689336348320705, -0.0707272633979166, 0.10213799011393415, -0.08798884028499877, -0.12189224277519517, 0.08056176123899166, 0.42282051123954634, -0.2544262707906051, -0.3390574694839651, 0.11268195064772886, -0.21407638841343146, -0.17939755086856032, 0.2299268723724203, -0.09149423884227872, 0.12530349062548743, 0.07192001237137312, -0.010626394446525309, -0.15696492381911312, -0.26083386306030054, 0.3046581564264165, 0.045623806077573034, 0.312763609311164, 0.006559329373003156, 0.15117572535829688, 0.06302643116839506, -0.04090911437998767, -0.015488386603020545, -0.13009055100615283, 0.15214327354570506, 0.23953785355616775, 0.22616012980471606, 0.3043908633015774, -0.40206217514695947, -0.24139758783772036, 0.13564539412898874, 0.13647941716394765, 0.08140582465739161, -0.020660224721629036, -0.25591075441765565, 0.0427981360901699, -0.15567385311479923, -0.06077722450890751, -0.17462519446594849, -0.062422413741134934, 0.026253320103407734, -0.35915198700019607, 0.09528064812731356, 0.027084624744882737, 0.0499729894446554, -0.059984576003625986, -0.15890168753469847, 0.04401753399245165, 0.06442935095789531, 0.02153679522064825, 0.021613462114085755, 0.09430124018065356, -0.09102453370578587, -0.12363564058086249, 0.36453074437600597, -0.08397900050870333, -0.26561547140763314, 0.13138561024916945, -0.058464772281823334, -0.1882687177302109, 0.07203483364579302, 0.22991052340992071, 0.19064076481456005, -0.1256886609795469, 0.06936292478176592, -0.04811905995701198, 0.1442533605835504, -0.008442834080886785, 0.016043833045168193, 0.14362947262685608, 0.22181802419557548, 0.09469601032151669, 0.16453173548948985, -0.0967387457360962, -0.10340529080066416, -0.3070928092425068, -0.13851593102293985, -0.1878328860461436, -0.03428077733627072, -0.14743464855731603, -0.16748906912075148, 0.3625056048441264, 0.18839246892818698, 0.20971139327588456, 0.152083712550639, 0.3369831765484479, 0.14270553732273616, 0.04524044827170049, 0.07036041591135371, 0.20324828439150697, 0.047800405725353844, 0.05996234268338109, -0.15507900347346784, 0.09174199670691181, 0.034534812607819695] |
1,802.04783 | A spectral cocycle for substitution systems and translation flows | For substitution systems and translation flows, a new cocycle, which we call
{\em spectral cocycle}, is introduced, whose Lyapunov exponents govern the
local dimension of the spectral measure for higher-level cylindrical functions.
The construction relies on the symbolic representation of translation flows and
the formalism of matrix Riesz products.
| math.DS | for substitution systems and translation flows a new cocycle which we call em spectral cocycle is introduced whose lyapunov exponents govern the local dimension of the spectral measure for higherlevel cylindrical functions the construction relies on the symbolic representation of translation flows and the formalism of matrix riesz products | [['for', 'substitution', 'systems', 'and', 'translation', 'flows', 'a', 'new', 'cocycle', 'which', 'we', 'call', 'em', 'spectral', 'cocycle', 'is', 'introduced', 'whose', 'lyapunov', 'exponents', 'govern', 'the', 'local', 'dimension', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'measure', 'for', 'higherlevel', 'cylindrical', 'functions', 'the', 'construction', 'relies', 'on', 'the', 'symbolic', 'representation', 'of', 'translation', 'flows', 'and', 'the', 'formalism', 'of', 'matrix', 'riesz', 'products']] | [-0.15662608789850255, 0.12907030868667121, -0.11397917097320362, 0.08121485914322263, -0.07583348140386599, -0.11545145016505706, -0.0019334415235195536, 0.29957913808115966, -0.35856020138884076, -0.16251358473483396, 0.09574685552708652, -0.22398702484764615, -0.20204872949695102, 0.21658383015239116, -0.07174330662783919, 0.13742467278272522, 0.0298922135285577, 0.04693599497633321, -0.12249174208513328, -0.15240062681045763, 0.43724222140082597, 0.03680331793100554, 0.284227608513011, 0.009494659058483583, 0.14580580377024693, 0.03194340422027269, -0.11449516024107911, -0.05218294525176895, -0.16051358975260993, 0.18779609528636293, 0.1738577149428275, 0.1285825937568229, 0.21228480435033537, -0.33629936052068155, -0.1723333771420139, 0.11813244295819682, 0.0981693736904738, 0.015438535172321206, 0.016933833574401026, -0.3053336077730875, 0.08971417926213875, -0.20261152609422498, -0.09933491518758998, -0.18772155377652724, 0.037900162109991115, 0.048507957054036, -0.28897693838772115, 0.027334597598457216, 0.16476970302934132, 0.14000007063530537, -0.10200579946252461, -0.06506423321457541, -0.05166140399227033, 0.12435576033407861, -0.001521009414893936, -0.0019341308946664237, 0.16713933975492812, -0.03932954496418943, -0.1527698925525254, 0.3599852322866874, -0.016930858737656047, -0.2806497420022758, 0.1650412062525141, -0.11150858999819172, -0.1880084996928974, 0.12167195409384308, 0.16411543120535052, 0.1077211338418479, -0.118926823671375, 0.1656464557234692, -0.04220560434445435, 0.14219061186423107, 0.0978196189377685, 0.038107478782078444, 0.10628645095442023, 0.06973882502287018, 0.12736749058893446, 0.11980999311508268, -0.009032205331652445, -0.11035899802738307, -0.28343495189649415, -0.19244015856881505, -0.18795227308814622, 0.06609621561341444, -0.15597860575879316, -0.26419534591235677, 0.4502748774022472, 0.02904944266287648, 0.14323440169421386, 0.14194693241258893, 0.19973999804018863, 0.17676561217450973, 0.10247181509193794, 0.08225870443203924, 0.12823155974703176, 0.19001565683557062, 0.1090005028099582, -0.18721997161034723, 0.01124435728320814, 0.28858544672744313] |
1,802.04784 | MONK -- Outlier-Robust Mean Embedding Estimation by Median-of-Means | Mean embeddings provide an extremely flexible and powerful tool in machine
learning and statistics to represent probability distributions and define a
semi-metric (MMD, maximum mean discrepancy; also called N-distance or energy
distance), with numerous successful applications. The representation is
constructed as the expectation of the feature map defined by a kernel. As a
mean, its classical empirical estimator, however, can be arbitrary severely
affected even by a single outlier in case of unbounded features. To the best of
our knowledge, unfortunately even the consistency of the existing few
techniques trying to alleviate this serious sensitivity bottleneck is unknown.
In this paper, we show how the recently emerged principle of median-of-means
can be used to design estimators for kernel mean embedding and MMD with
excessive resistance properties to outliers, and optimal sub-Gaussian deviation
bounds under mild assumptions.
| stat.ML cs.IT math.FA math.IT math.ST stat.TH | mean embeddings provide an extremely flexible and powerful tool in machine learning and statistics to represent probability distributions and define a semimetric mmd maximum mean discrepancy also called ndistance or energy distance with numerous successful applications the representation is constructed as the expectation of the feature map defined by a kernel as a mean its classical empirical estimator however can be arbitrary severely affected even by a single outlier in case of unbounded features to the best of our knowledge unfortunately even the consistency of the existing few techniques trying to alleviate this serious sensitivity bottleneck is unknown in this paper we show how the recently emerged principle of medianofmeans can be used to design estimators for kernel mean embedding and mmd with excessive resistance properties to outliers and optimal subgaussian deviation bounds under mild assumptions | [['mean', 'embeddings', 'provide', 'an', 'extremely', 'flexible', 'and', 'powerful', 'tool', 'in', 'machine', 'learning', 'and', 'statistics', 'to', 'represent', 'probability', 'distributions', 'and', 'define', 'a', 'semimetric', 'mmd', 'maximum', 'mean', 'discrepancy', 'also', 'called', 'ndistance', 'or', 'energy', 'distance', 'with', 'numerous', 'successful', 'applications', 'the', 'representation', 'is', 'constructed', 'as', 'the', 'expectation', 'of', 'the', 'feature', 'map', 'defined', 'by', 'a', 'kernel', 'as', 'a', 'mean', 'its', 'classical', 'empirical', 'estimator', 'however', 'can', 'be', 'arbitrary', 'severely', 'affected', 'even', 'by', 'a', 'single', 'outlier', 'in', 'case', 'of', 'unbounded', 'features', 'to', 'the', 'best', 'of', 'our', 'knowledge', 'unfortunately', 'even', 'the', 'consistency', 'of', 'the', 'existing', 'few', 'techniques', 'trying', 'to', 'alleviate', 'this', 'serious', 'sensitivity', 'bottleneck', 'is', 'unknown', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'the', 'recently', 'emerged', 'principle', 'of', 'medianofmeans', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'design', 'estimators', 'for', 'kernel', 'mean', 'embedding', 'and', 'mmd', 'with', 'excessive', 'resistance', 'properties', 'to', 'outliers', 'and', 'optimal', 'subgaussian', 'deviation', 'bounds', 'under', 'mild', 'assumptions']] | [-0.03113154518103008, 0.041064367924156936, -0.12076698012499358, 0.1535354231395211, -0.10747348704471198, -0.16613817919278517, 0.06886042904892854, 0.3918527232291287, -0.31210029354705887, -0.3423199190360987, 0.12209665437181041, -0.24256406756295987, -0.16278138919562266, 0.1819091976281283, -0.15918024164377986, 0.126358958421299, 0.0827417613917907, 0.055286327571513326, -0.07620089044041164, -0.25391522681628187, 0.28079934207434076, 0.09304320081376799, 0.3153594826392638, 0.03214464765101986, 0.12283732783330112, -0.009714029214057304, -0.015856371172155964, 0.05195464771874386, -0.10703448144811452, 0.17610537302543355, 0.2700595192659153, 0.1695922452935894, 0.3366761433392051, -0.3645213341232567, -0.23696515537962756, 0.19689159099909695, 0.14271824051170637, 0.06434976255096604, -0.03839361186028862, -0.2632195642543272, 0.09771318507195889, -0.14409788031779874, -0.11776176200467436, -0.10550556018236368, -0.020673255503746022, 0.016023882865898915, -0.3219429376973387, 0.0911996941857283, 0.08371795024825535, 0.036812035351484904, 0.002444710146793274, -0.14315440833589116, 0.04781576142447781, 0.09926119878347141, 0.06880812104346286, 0.050889160726750135, 0.10886912972337622, -0.13823245519169552, -0.11061157857287018, 0.32547454931773245, -0.09828003321993439, -0.23307167072198354, 0.16506860795369208, -0.07018374459242777, -0.12509604769430177, 0.07882657226668123, 0.183554674306994, 0.09117720841758829, -0.17598238066934488, 0.07698679961707539, -0.013635235126404202, 0.1297023220857441, 0.042727993169511834, 0.04468686737613205, 0.15065236956305691, 0.1479020837278393, 0.10914046981933472, 0.12654654560195494, -0.11243033496772542, -0.06256603983723942, -0.26316112543281633, -0.12178874565870501, -0.22781365369412335, 0.04556132541962571, -0.13252843149048738, -0.1886097109210609, 0.3395621504271677, 0.18553125721133684, 0.22922708500888855, 0.09676563840099227, 0.30684029467588786, 0.11063239091291667, 0.07737277324486058, 0.09996212074218098, 0.22359384850492728, 0.13928754209636657, 0.03373981424716904, -0.1493143892452388, 0.14699352760319873, 0.029752177960129782] |
1,802.04785 | Vorticity in analogue spacetimes | Analogue spacetimes can be used to probe and study physically interesting
spacetime geometries by constructing, either theoretically or experimentally,
some notion of an effective Lorentzian metric
$[g_\mathrm{eff}(g,V,\,\Xi)]_{ab}$. These effective metrics generically depend
on some physical background metric $g_{ab}$, often flat Minkowski space
$\eta_{ab}$, some "medium" with 4-velocity $V^a$, and possibly some additional
background fields $\Xi$. Electromagnetic analogue models date back to the
1920s, acoustic analogue models to the 1980s, and BEC-based analogues to the
1990s. The acoustic analogue models have perhaps the most rigorous mathematical
formulation, and these acoustic analogue models really work best in the absence
of vorticity, if the medium has an irrotational flow. This makes it difficult
to model rotating astrophysical spacetimes, spacetimes with non-zero angular
momentum, and in the current article we explore the extent to which one might
hope to be able to model astrophysical spacetimes with angular momentum,
(thereby implying vorticity in the 4-velocity of the medium).
| gr-qc | analogue spacetimes can be used to probe and study physically interesting spacetime geometries by constructing either theoretically or experimentally some notion of an effective lorentzian metric g_mathrmeffgvxi_ab these effective metrics generically depend on some physical background metric g_ab often flat minkowski space eta_ab some medium with 4velocity va and possibly some additional background fields xi electromagnetic analogue models date back to the 1920s acoustic analogue models to the 1980s and becbased analogues to the 1990s the acoustic analogue models have perhaps the most rigorous mathematical formulation and these acoustic analogue models really work best in the absence of vorticity if the medium has an irrotational flow this makes it difficult to model rotating astrophysical spacetimes spacetimes with nonzero angular momentum and in the current article we explore the extent to which one might hope to be able to model astrophysical spacetimes with angular momentum thereby implying vorticity in the 4velocity of the medium | [['analogue', 'spacetimes', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'probe', 'and', 'study', 'physically', 'interesting', 'spacetime', 'geometries', 'by', 'constructing', 'either', 'theoretically', 'or', 'experimentally', 'some', 'notion', 'of', 'an', 'effective', 'lorentzian', 'metric', 'g_mathrmeffgvxi_ab', 'these', 'effective', 'metrics', 'generically', 'depend', 'on', 'some', 'physical', 'background', 'metric', 'g_ab', 'often', 'flat', 'minkowski', 'space', 'eta_ab', 'some', 'medium', 'with', '4velocity', 'va', 'and', 'possibly', 'some', 'additional', 'background', 'fields', 'xi', 'electromagnetic', 'analogue', 'models', 'date', 'back', 'to', 'the', '1920s', 'acoustic', 'analogue', 'models', 'to', 'the', '1980s', 'and', 'becbased', 'analogues', 'to', 'the', '1990s', 'the', 'acoustic', 'analogue', 'models', 'have', 'perhaps', 'the', 'most', 'rigorous', 'mathematical', 'formulation', 'and', 'these', 'acoustic', 'analogue', 'models', 'really', 'work', 'best', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'vorticity', 'if', 'the', 'medium', 'has', 'an', 'irrotational', 'flow', 'this', 'makes', 'it', 'difficult', 'to', 'model', 'rotating', 'astrophysical', 'spacetimes', 'spacetimes', 'with', 'nonzero', 'angular', 'momentum', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'current', 'article', 'we', 'explore', 'the', 'extent', 'to', 'which', 'one', 'might', 'hope', 'to', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'model', 'astrophysical', 'spacetimes', 'with', 'angular', 'momentum', 'thereby', 'implying', 'vorticity', 'in', 'the', '4velocity', 'of', 'the', 'medium']] | [-0.10836181422273031, 0.13214477497505314, -0.10376883373558768, 0.13496133583576253, -0.18204517005048446, -0.13254616291120352, -0.05934376515978516, 0.34993829609616506, -0.22508715378160632, -0.28292824055564697, 0.07948281876018135, -0.264110156245505, -0.13095600522641365, 0.1783333824568163, -0.07168126597827831, 0.038832180952153704, -0.012480780961830786, 0.024801212148617535, -0.04728002552966902, -0.20672940124220998, 0.3676042199637494, 0.12765707483589156, 0.27466618731025827, 0.01459642235399378, 0.10299552929439637, -0.05029022809586778, -0.04154977355066021, 0.04478918514673179, -0.15314157803647763, 0.05175310150035564, 0.23454877232258833, 0.08203775520877456, 0.19381619036345688, -0.419444303244155, -0.2818658772535277, 0.15020428282757667, 0.15143397951264256, 0.1613408932593398, -0.02127380535354998, -0.3002621346440117, 0.01894836848395852, -0.13142933187673225, -0.19607163596102684, -0.08150649135963164, 0.04785687866503533, -0.062331383494314864, -0.16933494547246308, 0.06742458477645606, 0.07750748816510625, 0.0008105629043567259, -0.11641533681598572, -0.06257464008757363, -0.010372645895471735, 0.0457498802223693, 0.11231172509608629, 0.0703252353720885, 0.09526410956083742, -0.12214462474468071, -0.07532524885548068, 0.3971115292993602, -0.08986680531821874, -0.2856266705029403, 0.21002588661029836, -0.15830906631196817, -0.0753138520236787, 0.08828817703722612, 0.17009633553089282, 0.11460306705438242, -0.1490644868278247, 0.08971632287848358, -0.029333537143796978, 0.0983616954474309, 0.13043219669543157, 0.07791222651745039, 0.2875583300564364, 0.06852956578314354, 0.011153693624698119, 0.09645869294397336, -0.015166435975100328, -0.06828692568842297, -0.312876146225049, -0.1434935833395317, -0.11205268014123701, 0.12727446775167983, -0.11341672512839104, -0.1706135453816676, 0.3320475335260668, 0.1634465816788474, 0.16713430287180753, -0.01757380673168412, 0.30062328489953716, 0.05611874393244515, 0.03183385106852118, 0.12280255395129619, 0.28959528878963375, 0.19145707011574398, 0.13531010945185723, -0.1615403378567356, 0.005929402112714107, 0.08978880135132777] |
1,802.04786 | Maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over certain Segre products | We prove some results on the non-existence of rank one maximal Cohen-Macaulay
modules over certain Segre product rings. As an application we show that over
these Segre product rings there do not exist maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules
with multiplicity less than or equal to the parameter degree of the ring, which
disproves a conjecture of Schoutens.
| math.AC | we prove some results on the nonexistence of rank one maximal cohenmacaulay modules over certain segre product rings as an application we show that over these segre product rings there do not exist maximal cohenmacaulay modules with multiplicity less than or equal to the parameter degree of the ring which disproves a conjecture of schoutens | [['we', 'prove', 'some', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'nonexistence', 'of', 'rank', 'one', 'maximal', 'cohenmacaulay', 'modules', 'over', 'certain', 'segre', 'product', 'rings', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'over', 'these', 'segre', 'product', 'rings', 'there', 'do', 'not', 'exist', 'maximal', 'cohenmacaulay', 'modules', 'with', 'multiplicity', 'less', 'than', 'or', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'parameter', 'degree', 'of', 'the', 'ring', 'which', 'disproves', 'a', 'conjecture', 'of', 'schoutens']] | [-0.2237299907952547, 0.00497296639024915, -0.025095512243834408, 0.04601170227608897, -0.02326967270028862, -0.19008980163965714, -0.09753137999637561, 0.3376763192767447, -0.3028482302684676, -0.16575353203172033, 0.1353129951452667, -0.2448070274115625, -0.09955585292879153, 0.23043203843037852, -0.13686958121305162, -0.057419889995997606, 0.0673927810212428, 0.12458515972407026, -0.10670129381204871, -0.4335164337334308, 0.43930971827358006, -0.01485274349423972, 0.20711263148960743, 0.10497415396808223, 0.08537338448857719, 0.04078548549759117, 0.01887510878626596, 0.027898751504041933, -0.21362239327771188, 0.10296443219889294, 0.3166132277724418, 0.1413186708676883, 0.2037698100574992, -0.37005088353021576, -0.057331550675867635, 0.31871848499233074, 0.1506901639598337, -0.017177986076355657, 0.020948847766372968, -0.18334576280956918, 0.1434001081030477, -0.27841574504616967, -0.1651294222440232, -0.09499841972508213, 0.05509633921637115, 0.04239073983308944, -0.19870969798754562, 0.023747818663038992, 0.154725703376938, 0.1671977137300101, -0.05363857406614856, -0.1328481673093682, -0.07830417167226023, -0.015797406887974253, -0.008612483672120355, -0.052714595664292575, 0.07141758819026026, -0.11734272549775514, -0.18812766967510636, 0.2744298898022283, -0.036520465477422645, -0.21260618123818528, 0.17309572473168372, -0.23572731605222957, -0.09905703343789686, 0.13683793475343423, 0.014732015437700531, 0.18438146059792912, 0.06894436139952052, 0.0951019342311404, -0.22631131566383622, 0.08518786857073957, 0.2019009412858974, 0.0631481661122631, 0.1342612240844491, 0.04490861701355739, 0.17048156167941422, 0.11593938361938026, 0.02743627619082955, 0.008372215791182084, -0.3453563346104188, -0.2351791177537631, -0.16041877881031144, 0.19674664819216228, -0.13057722442529418, -0.1657450066032735, 0.4357464959506284, 0.10570652842183005, 0.20908948035741395, 0.1215084433407438, 0.20124497040682895, -0.03094425453931432, 0.12916276531124657, 0.10842074667188255, 0.1442768742695493, 0.22100447722795336, -0.0490702187938785, -0.049651150446681475, 0.0322800362736664, 0.17840823920612986] |
1,802.04787 | Koopman wavefunctions and classical-quantum correlation dynamics | Upon revisiting the Hamiltonian structure of classical wavefunctions in
Koopman-von Neumann theory, this paper addresses the long-standing problem of
formulating a dynamical theory of classical-quantum coupling. The proposed
model not only describes the influence of a classical system onto a quantum
one, but also the reverse effect -- the quantum backreaction. These
interactions are described by a new Hamiltonian wave equation overcoming
shortcomings of currently employed models. For example, the density matrix of
the quantum subsystem is always positive-definite. While the Liouville density
of the classical subsystem is generally allowed to be unsigned, its sign is
shown to be preserved in time for a specific infinite family of hybrid
classical-quantum systems. The proposed description is illustrated and compared
with previous theories using the exactly solvable model of a degenerate
two-level quantum system coupled to a classical harmonic oscillator.
| math-ph math.MP physics.chem-ph quant-ph | upon revisiting the hamiltonian structure of classical wavefunctions in koopmanvon neumann theory this paper addresses the longstanding problem of formulating a dynamical theory of classicalquantum coupling the proposed model not only describes the influence of a classical system onto a quantum one but also the reverse effect the quantum backreaction these interactions are described by a new hamiltonian wave equation overcoming shortcomings of currently employed models for example the density matrix of the quantum subsystem is always positivedefinite while the liouville density of the classical subsystem is generally allowed to be unsigned its sign is shown to be preserved in time for a specific infinite family of hybrid classicalquantum systems the proposed description is illustrated and compared with previous theories using the exactly solvable model of a degenerate twolevel quantum system coupled to a classical harmonic oscillator | [['upon', 'revisiting', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'structure', 'of', 'classical', 'wavefunctions', 'in', 'koopmanvon', 'neumann', 'theory', 'this', 'paper', 'addresses', 'the', 'longstanding', 'problem', 'of', 'formulating', 'a', 'dynamical', 'theory', 'of', 'classicalquantum', 'coupling', 'the', 'proposed', 'model', 'not', 'only', 'describes', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'a', 'classical', 'system', 'onto', 'a', 'quantum', 'one', 'but', 'also', 'the', 'reverse', 'effect', 'the', 'quantum', 'backreaction', 'these', 'interactions', 'are', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'new', 'hamiltonian', 'wave', 'equation', 'overcoming', 'shortcomings', 'of', 'currently', 'employed', 'models', 'for', 'example', 'the', 'density', 'matrix', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'subsystem', 'is', 'always', 'positivedefinite', 'while', 'the', 'liouville', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'subsystem', 'is', 'generally', 'allowed', 'to', 'be', 'unsigned', 'its', 'sign', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'preserved', 'in', 'time', 'for', 'a', 'specific', 'infinite', 'family', 'of', 'hybrid', 'classicalquantum', 'systems', 'the', 'proposed', 'description', 'is', 'illustrated', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'previous', 'theories', 'using', 'the', 'exactly', 'solvable', 'model', 'of', 'a', 'degenerate', 'twolevel', 'quantum', 'system', 'coupled', 'to', 'a', 'classical', 'harmonic', 'oscillator']] | [-0.1430704607704763, 0.13716299794478357, -0.06734002246495921, 0.06545604608573162, -0.03874464857351225, -0.20117299018485513, 0.008135296085706647, 0.27205062257024004, -0.29122484351990974, -0.2516637926744501, 0.06109815941491321, -0.25531262496527096, -0.16389578771199623, 0.1893234304696267, -0.03834456407947697, 0.11901824670396813, 0.07025073987370642, 0.0768826101774037, -0.0948185854401086, -0.23014373347727432, 0.3243057309738258, 0.048235036837222585, 0.25953070193454353, 0.03481301302974024, 0.09896579916405417, 0.011848890764614777, 0.04130232997959221, 0.039789732020470675, -0.09919895667643933, 0.103863857379761, 0.2273262211721593, 0.08901447479878247, 0.2693857091128908, -0.4319596109490325, -0.2813404492173942, 0.07639962128180004, 0.12198514668406905, 0.16295739772974302, -0.022436796863440994, -0.3003187845291121, 0.01666478438466026, -0.20218731925217776, -0.16228270033428813, -0.036629121816873444, -0.02619281417289137, -0.020328252760261758, -0.22467252622013503, 0.1056767878507988, 0.09513471557237854, 0.013896602677196446, -0.05204838678414125, -0.06726483476389009, 0.02084436371963281, 0.08585523204354528, -0.012108650128187163, 0.020181186891494007, 0.08920430637433799, -0.11005600763274098, -0.13172078965041434, 0.3951833846576913, -0.04137299518716134, -0.2509755705122965, 0.17196014179103755, -0.10129080546584769, -0.1173549217994522, 0.07942901861031343, 0.09218762658305303, 0.12180945292169595, -0.16786084292893277, 0.16877905079500324, -0.030179288341849873, 0.17305523015721871, 0.014616175530899833, 0.03011735503215098, 0.19927244483200957, 0.1303347758133046, 0.05167229001131589, 0.16312692091412787, 0.013236587924923557, -0.23894310144394854, -0.29145636491096805, -0.15538223466179912, -0.23635775071099727, 0.07983257014849937, -0.04223224588822366, -0.19215165823081978, 0.41820700319796583, 0.1410163224422599, 0.13184139885715324, 0.015555245691339356, 0.2711273318115812, 0.19583515007810218, 0.04921362675508879, 0.04594101176349052, 0.2367055171108159, 0.20935467203202093, 0.03990542805196214, -0.2712288453977854, 0.008541419051832309, 0.12359761346699194] |
1,802.04788 | High Quality Factor Surface Fabry-Perot Cavity of Acoustic Waves | Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators are critical components in wireless
communications and many sensing applications. They have also recently emerged
as subject of study in quantum acoustics at the single phonon level. Acoustic
loss reduction and mode confinement are key performance factors in SAW
resonators. Here we report the design and experimental realization of a high
quality factor Fabry-Perot SAW resonators formed in between tapered phononic
crystal mirrors patterned on a GaN-on-sapphire material platform . The
fabricated SAW resonators are characterized by both electrical network analyzer
and optical heterodyne vibrometer. We observed standing Rayleigh wave inside
the cavity, with an intrinsic quality factor exceeding 13,000 at ambient
conditions.
| physics.app-ph | surface acoustic wave saw resonators are critical components in wireless communications and many sensing applications they have also recently emerged as subject of study in quantum acoustics at the single phonon level acoustic loss reduction and mode confinement are key performance factors in saw resonators here we report the design and experimental realization of a high quality factor fabryperot saw resonators formed in between tapered phononic crystal mirrors patterned on a ganonsapphire material platform the fabricated saw resonators are characterized by both electrical network analyzer and optical heterodyne vibrometer we observed standing rayleigh wave inside the cavity with an intrinsic quality factor exceeding 13000 at ambient conditions | [['surface', 'acoustic', 'wave', 'saw', 'resonators', 'are', 'critical', 'components', 'in', 'wireless', 'communications', 'and', 'many', 'sensing', 'applications', 'they', 'have', 'also', 'recently', 'emerged', 'as', 'subject', 'of', 'study', 'in', 'quantum', 'acoustics', 'at', 'the', 'single', 'phonon', 'level', 'acoustic', 'loss', 'reduction', 'and', 'mode', 'confinement', 'are', 'key', 'performance', 'factors', 'in', 'saw', 'resonators', 'here', 'we', 'report', 'the', 'design', 'and', 'experimental', 'realization', 'of', 'a', 'high', 'quality', 'factor', 'fabryperot', 'saw', 'resonators', 'formed', 'in', 'between', 'tapered', 'phononic', 'crystal', 'mirrors', 'patterned', 'on', 'a', 'ganonsapphire', 'material', 'platform', 'the', 'fabricated', 'saw', 'resonators', 'are', 'characterized', 'by', 'both', 'electrical', 'network', 'analyzer', 'and', 'optical', 'heterodyne', 'vibrometer', 'we', 'observed', 'standing', 'rayleigh', 'wave', 'inside', 'the', 'cavity', 'with', 'an', 'intrinsic', 'quality', 'factor', 'exceeding', '13000', 'at', 'ambient', 'conditions']] | [-0.19619524499801833, 0.20630793618682933, -0.002422457584832734, -0.11372959753063237, -0.052292119069721234, -0.18767944596290032, 0.014029561286296033, 0.5071237901939409, -0.20401677905764676, -0.27379490146152324, 0.05357460501368776, -0.3029198824280055, -0.1782295057140987, 0.29662407596952445, -0.02210584773342604, 0.13958326669705806, 0.027118887539047783, -0.05762916295807542, -0.005768602902165431, -0.1543404275777741, 0.23719494873396704, 0.08024875095840892, 0.44005447099960154, 0.06307885126933177, 0.12845910220433063, -0.035692104830397905, 0.0639559895009081, -0.03849249947098057, -0.1509492565816808, 0.09898781258543239, 0.27412946155799606, -0.019966520216733775, 0.2837352897606303, -0.4750067319755799, -0.27417040120801567, -0.034362724177086745, 0.1466483701886522, 0.10935921671095296, -0.07445754199484625, -0.2704329546279857, 0.02785582264241214, -0.12303605934639818, -0.11032761312655617, -0.010128777165174763, -0.044301450194869293, -0.01438241337739349, -0.1688404532517176, 0.016414566259019547, -0.0036821810911609747, 0.1175044404797552, -0.03252703046304322, -0.06120951517885464, 0.022018976215812787, 0.06381891474288792, -0.07796891591572594, -0.033259470943550834, 0.2194603363173866, -0.14385752674958138, -0.11585380740803188, 0.3761365284499164, -0.07669061306585497, -0.10501434959506041, 0.16845657196000358, -0.1365284158360805, 0.009826680423395934, 0.13985294304466067, 0.24611457903754122, -0.030291341583540438, -0.10695539820486698, -0.017632633397599386, 0.021891722586452004, 0.19339937864689627, 0.228500025549242, 0.1474895217743154, 0.2448972665169494, 0.2229861175406411, -0.0032282508311985785, 0.14170441105439563, -0.09941668382619516, 0.07804916602794394, -0.20906159446235292, -0.14284561367305082, -0.20889872989359434, 0.05073674501950209, -0.077011970732966, -0.18281915379692495, 0.37920632932300324, 0.07207859092539995, 0.12852849515816459, -0.058428539270012875, 0.33374105411294464, 0.11244744171984668, 0.11554085497230848, 0.03076469141850683, 0.33440963438250754, 0.18250252752538734, 0.12356424293802859, -0.22522009864545245, -0.03388312080914207, -0.0321621914376792] |
1,802.04789 | Sparse Matrix Multiplication and Triangle Listing in the Congested
Clique Model | We multiply two $n \times n$ matrices $S,T$ over semirings in the Congested
Clique model, where $n$ fully connected nodes communicate synchronously using
$O(\log n)$-bit messages, within $O(nz(S)^{1/3} nz(T)^{1/3}/n + 1)$ rounds of
communication, where $nz(A)$ denotes the number of non-zero elements in a
matrix $A$. By leveraging the sparsity of the input matrices, our algorithm
greatly reduces communication compared with general algorithms [Censor-Hillel
et al., PODC 2015], improving upon the state-of-the-art for matrices with
$o(n^2)$ non-zero elements. Our algorithm exhibits the additional strength of
surpassing previous solutions also when only one matrix is sparse. This allows
efficiently raising a sparse matrix to a power greater than 2. As applications,
we speed up 4-cycle counting and APSP in sparse graphs.
Our algorithmic contribution is a new \emph{deterministic} method of
restructuring the input matrices in a sparsity-aware manner, which assigns each
node with element-wise multiplication tasks that are not necessarily
consecutive but are balanced, yielding communication-efficient multiplication.
Moreover, this new deterministic method for restructuring matrices may be
used to restructure the adjacency matrix of input graphs, enabling faster
solutions for graph related problems. As an example, we present a new
deterministic algorithm which solves the triangle listing problem in
$O(m/n^{5/3} + 1)$ rounds, a complexity that was previously obtained by a
\emph{randomized} algorithm [Pandurangan et al., SPAA 2018] and matches the
lower bound of $\tilde{\Omega}(n^{1/3})$ when $m=n^2$ of [Izumi and Le Gall,
PODC 2017, Pandurangan et al., SPAA 2018].
Our triangle listing algorithm implies triangle counting with the same
complexity of $O(m/n^{5/3} + 1)$ rounds, which is a \emph{cubic} improvement
over the previous $O(m^2/n^3)$-round algorithm [Dolev et al., DISC 2012].
| cs.DS cs.DC | we multiply two n times n matrices st over semirings in the congested clique model where n fully connected nodes communicate synchronously using olog nbit messages within onzs13 nzt13n 1 rounds of communication where nza denotes the number of nonzero elements in a matrix a by leveraging the sparsity of the input matrices our algorithm greatly reduces communication compared with general algorithms censorhillel et al podc 2015 improving upon the stateoftheart for matrices with on2 nonzero elements our algorithm exhibits the additional strength of surpassing previous solutions also when only one matrix is sparse this allows efficiently raising a sparse matrix to a power greater than 2 as applications we speed up 4cycle counting and apsp in sparse graphs our algorithmic contribution is a new emphdeterministic method of restructuring the input matrices in a sparsityaware manner which assigns each node with elementwise multiplication tasks that are not necessarily consecutive but are balanced yielding communicationefficient multiplication moreover this new deterministic method for restructuring matrices may be used to restructure the adjacency matrix of input graphs enabling faster solutions for graph related problems as an example we present a new deterministic algorithm which solves the triangle listing problem in omn53 1 rounds a complexity that was previously obtained by a emphrandomized algorithm pandurangan et al spaa 2018 and matches the lower bound of tildeomegan13 when mn2 of izumi and le gall podc 2017 pandurangan et al spaa 2018 our triangle listing algorithm implies triangle counting with the same complexity of omn53 1 rounds which is a emphcubic improvement over the previous om2n3round algorithm dolev et al disc 2012 | [['we', 'multiply', 'two', 'n', 'times', 'n', 'matrices', 'st', 'over', 'semirings', 'in', 'the', 'congested', 'clique', 'model', 'where', 'n', 'fully', 'connected', 'nodes', 'communicate', 'synchronously', 'using', 'olog', 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1,802.0479 | Exploring 2-Group Global Symmetries | We analyze four-dimensional quantum field theories with continuous 2-group
global symmetries. At the level of their charges such symmetries are identical
to a product of continuous flavor or spacetime symmetries with a 1-form global
symmetry $U(1)^{(1)}_B$, which arises from a conserved 2-form current
$J_B^{(2)}$. Rather, 2-group symmetries are characterized by deformed current
algebras, with quantized structure constants, which allow two flavor currents
or stress tensors to fuse into $J_B^{(2)}$. This leads to unconventional Ward
identities, which constrain the allowed patterns of spontaneous 2-group
symmetry breaking and other aspects of the renormalization group flow. If
$J_B^{(2)}$ is coupled to a 2-form background gauge field $B^{(2)}$, the
2-group current algebra modifies the behavior of $B^{(2)}$ under background
gauge transformations. Its transformation rule takes the same form as in the
Green-Schwarz mechanism, but only involves the background gauge or gravity
fields that couple to the other 2-group currents. This makes it possible to
partially cancel reducible 't Hooft anomalies using Green-Schwarz counterterms
for the 2-group background gauge fields. The parts that cannot be cancelled are
reinterpreted as mixed, global anomalies involving $U(1)_B^{(1)}$ and receive
contributions from topological, as well as massless, degrees of freedom.
Theories with 2-group symmetry are constructed by gauging an abelian flavor
symmetry with suitable mixed 't Hooft anomalies, which leads to many simple and
explicit examples. Some of them have dynamical string excitations that carry
$U(1)_B^{(1)}$ charge, and 2-group symmetry determines certain 't Hooft
anomalies on the world sheets of these strings. Finally, we point out that
holographic theories with 2-group global symmetries have a bulk description in
terms of dynamical gauge fields that participate in a conventional
Green-Schwarz mechanism.
| hep-th cond-mat.str-el | we analyze fourdimensional quantum field theories with continuous 2group global symmetries at the level of their charges such symmetries are identical to a product of continuous flavor or spacetime symmetries with a 1form global symmetry u11_b which arises from a conserved 2form current j_b2 rather 2group symmetries are characterized by deformed current algebras with quantized structure constants which allow two flavor currents or stress tensors to fuse into j_b2 this leads to unconventional ward identities which constrain the allowed patterns of spontaneous 2group symmetry breaking and other aspects of the renormalization group flow if j_b2 is coupled to a 2form background gauge field b2 the 2group current algebra modifies the behavior of b2 under background gauge transformations its transformation rule takes the same form as in the greenschwarz mechanism but only involves the background gauge or gravity fields that couple to the other 2group currents this makes it possible to partially cancel reducible t hooft anomalies using greenschwarz counterterms for the 2group background gauge fields the parts that cannot be cancelled are reinterpreted as mixed global anomalies involving u1_b1 and receive contributions from topological as well as massless degrees of freedom theories with 2group symmetry are constructed by gauging an abelian flavor symmetry with suitable mixed t hooft anomalies which leads to many simple and explicit examples some of them have dynamical string excitations that carry u1_b1 charge and 2group symmetry determines certain t hooft anomalies on the world sheets of these strings finally we point out that holographic theories with 2group global symmetries have a bulk description in terms of dynamical gauge fields that participate in a conventional greenschwarz mechanism | [['we', 'analyze', 'fourdimensional', 'quantum', 'field', 'theories', 'with', 'continuous', '2group', 'global', 'symmetries', 'at', 'the', 'level', 'of', 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1,802.04791 | Stochastic Variance-Reduced Hamilton Monte Carlo Methods | We propose a fast stochastic Hamilton Monte Carlo (HMC) method, for sampling
from a smooth and strongly log-concave distribution. At the core of our
proposed method is a variance reduction technique inspired by the recent
advance in stochastic optimization. We show that, to achieve $\epsilon$
accuracy in 2-Wasserstein distance, our algorithm achieves $\tilde
O(n+\kappa^{2}d^{1/2}/\epsilon+\kappa^{4/3}d^{1/3}n^{2/3}/\epsilon^{2/3})$
gradient complexity (i.e., number of component gradient evaluations), which
outperforms the state-of-the-art HMC and stochastic gradient HMC methods in a
wide regime. We also extend our algorithm for sampling from smooth and general
log-concave distributions, and prove the corresponding gradient complexity as
well. Experiments on both synthetic and real data demonstrate the superior
performance of our algorithm.
| stat.ML cs.LG stat.CO | we propose a fast stochastic hamilton monte carlo hmc method for sampling from a smooth and strongly logconcave distribution at the core of our proposed method is a variance reduction technique inspired by the recent advance in stochastic optimization we show that to achieve epsilon accuracy in 2wasserstein distance our algorithm achieves tilde onkappa2d12epsilonkappa43d13n23epsilon23 gradient complexity ie number of component gradient evaluations which outperforms the stateoftheart hmc and stochastic gradient hmc methods in a wide regime we also extend our algorithm for sampling from smooth and general logconcave distributions and prove the corresponding gradient complexity as well experiments on both synthetic and real data demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'fast', 'stochastic', 'hamilton', 'monte', 'carlo', 'hmc', 'method', 'for', 'sampling', 'from', 'a', 'smooth', 'and', 'strongly', 'logconcave', 'distribution', 'at', 'the', 'core', 'of', 'our', 'proposed', 'method', 'is', 'a', 'variance', 'reduction', 'technique', 'inspired', 'by', 'the', 'recent', 'advance', 'in', 'stochastic', 'optimization', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'to', 'achieve', 'epsilon', 'accuracy', 'in', '2wasserstein', 'distance', 'our', 'algorithm', 'achieves', 'tilde', 'onkappa2d12epsilonkappa43d13n23epsilon23', 'gradient', 'complexity', 'ie', 'number', 'of', 'component', 'gradient', 'evaluations', 'which', 'outperforms', 'the', 'stateoftheart', 'hmc', 'and', 'stochastic', 'gradient', 'hmc', 'methods', 'in', 'a', 'wide', 'regime', 'we', 'also', 'extend', 'our', 'algorithm', 'for', 'sampling', 'from', 'smooth', 'and', 'general', 'logconcave', 'distributions', 'and', 'prove', 'the', 'corresponding', 'gradient', 'complexity', 'as', 'well', 'experiments', 'on', 'both', 'synthetic', 'and', 'real', 'data', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'superior', 'performance', 'of', 'our', 'algorithm']] | [-0.03427522725171663, -0.01480721292107112, -0.12508035810791296, 0.05842543763468381, -0.0481223377272148, -0.10725318204442208, 0.045837196262172336, 0.45845644291151655, -0.28697889515791425, -0.3346320602010978, 0.08483613744822585, -0.22780962186780843, -0.1936183185909282, 0.25207007957453076, -0.10738115067995915, 0.10125902982598001, 0.13899978575804695, -0.022315320207483388, -0.11057639648418197, -0.290824347759851, 0.2154753438691676, 0.05506635411663658, 0.31505932821468874, 0.011421568327668039, 0.1826697676664811, -0.016647474937648937, -0.006480814883781766, 0.04842767747455086, -0.07815601325584629, 0.14226251110773194, 0.198742931061001, 0.1835098768520931, 0.3070272353774106, -0.348061699767343, -0.23500805238939143, 0.11943498573011972, 0.14948174539366102, 0.09745718470499427, -0.08978124226295305, -0.26677399843253874, 0.07168585398149761, -0.14429787720807574, -0.06654890315099196, -0.14773059775206177, -0.08510378743098541, 0.08454428936608813, -0.3482179899445989, 0.10061201087003362, 0.04207816158357838, 0.019770832639187573, 0.01872772568074817, -0.20170564337273722, 0.05197254482191056, 0.020733722142705864, 0.02327500989935784, 0.11652405158701268, 0.13042536666616797, -0.07623200184580954, -0.16734480396421117, 0.30340813091871416, -0.1385647174986926, -0.22737667405639184, 0.1938498494638638, -0.0794570028485561, -0.17037049121308057, 0.15558008293367245, 0.21871084890921008, 0.23083909963342278, -0.06821764710105278, 0.11090603659130548, -0.013551792333071883, 0.13418800751255316, -0.02166780997279354, -0.043448603226782075, 0.04689410757696764, 0.21156165717084977, 0.16994385002180934, 0.1534224699717015, -0.13189901761414313, -0.18823081232946026, -0.24816595652056012, -0.15296528155661443, -0.2629302960566499, -0.022719718939201397, -0.19242659683950478, -0.15788159206170926, 0.3546000829813155, 0.23351866739421068, 0.19741677725687623, 0.19814847519896417, 0.370312830500982, 0.0683782313008454, -0.0027156304398720916, 0.18182876554995098, 0.17207925781522962, 0.11593490392181345, 0.08359975314498032, -0.25780464714308354, 0.06296195586063814, 0.076289013879035] |
1,802.04792 | Quasi-periodic oscillations and the global modes of relativistic, MHD
accretion discs | The high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HFQPOs) that punctuate the
light curves of X-ray binary systems present a window onto the intrinsic
properties of stellar-mass black holes and hence a testbed for general
relativity. One explanation for these features is that relativistic distortion
of the accretion disc's differential rotation creates a trapping region in
which inertial waves (r-modes) might grow to observable amplitudes. Local
analyses, however, predict that large-scale magnetic fields push this trapping
region to the inner disc edge, where conditions may be unfavorable for r-mode
growth. We revisit this problem from a pseudo-Newtonian but fully global
perspective, deriving linearized equations describing a relativistic,
magnetized accretion flow, and calculating normal modes with and without
vertical density stratification. In an unstratified model, the choice of
vertical wavenumber determines the extent to which vertical magnetic fields
drive the r-modes toward the inner edge. In a global model fully incorporating
density stratification, we confirm that this susceptibility to magnetic fields
depends on disc thickness. Our calculations suggest that in thin discs, r-modes
may remain independent of the inner disc edge for vertical magnetic fields with
plasma betas as low as $\beta\approx 100-300$. We posit that the appearance of
r-modes in observations may be more determined by a competition between
excitation and damping mechanisms near the ISCO than the modification of the
trapping region by magnetic fields.
| astro-ph.HE | the highfrequency quasiperiodic oscillations hfqpos that punctuate the light curves of xray binary systems present a window onto the intrinsic properties of stellarmass black holes and hence a testbed for general relativity one explanation for these features is that relativistic distortion of the accretion discs differential rotation creates a trapping region in which inertial waves rmodes might grow to observable amplitudes local analyses however predict that largescale magnetic fields push this trapping region to the inner disc edge where conditions may be unfavorable for rmode growth we revisit this problem from a pseudonewtonian but fully global perspective deriving linearized equations describing a relativistic magnetized accretion flow and calculating normal modes with and without vertical density stratification in an unstratified model the choice of vertical wavenumber determines the extent to which vertical magnetic fields drive the rmodes toward the inner edge in a global model fully incorporating density stratification we confirm that this susceptibility to magnetic fields depends on disc thickness our calculations suggest that in thin discs rmodes may remain independent of the inner disc edge for vertical magnetic fields with plasma betas as low as betaapprox 100300 we posit that the appearance of rmodes in observations may be more determined by a competition between excitation and damping mechanisms near the isco than the modification of the trapping region by magnetic fields | [['the', 'highfrequency', 'quasiperiodic', 'oscillations', 'hfqpos', 'that', 'punctuate', 'the', 'light', 'curves', 'of', 'xray', 'binary', 'systems', 'present', 'a', 'window', 'onto', 'the', 'intrinsic', 'properties', 'of', 'stellarmass', 'black', 'holes', 'and', 'hence', 'a', 'testbed', 'for', 'general', 'relativity', 'one', 'explanation', 'for', 'these', 'features', 'is', 'that', 'relativistic', 'distortion', 'of', 'the', 'accretion', 'discs', 'differential', 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1,802.04793 | Continuous shift commuting maps between ultragraph shift spaces | Recently a generalization of shifts of finite type to the infinite alphabet
case was proposed, in connection with the theory of ultragraph C*-algebras. In
this work we characterize the class of continuous shift commuting maps between
these spaces. In particular, we prove a Curtis-Hedlund-Lyndon type theorem and
use it to completely characterize continuous, shift commuting, length
preserving maps in terms of generalized sliding block codes.
| math.DS | recently a generalization of shifts of finite type to the infinite alphabet case was proposed in connection with the theory of ultragraph calgebras in this work we characterize the class of continuous shift commuting maps between these spaces in particular we prove a curtishedlundlyndon type theorem and use it to completely characterize continuous shift commuting length preserving maps in terms of generalized sliding block codes | [['recently', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'shifts', 'of', 'finite', 'type', 'to', 'the', 'infinite', 'alphabet', 'case', 'was', 'proposed', 'in', 'connection', 'with', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'ultragraph', 'calgebras', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'characterize', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'continuous', 'shift', 'commuting', 'maps', 'between', 'these', 'spaces', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'prove', 'a', 'curtishedlundlyndon', 'type', 'theorem', 'and', 'use', 'it', 'to', 'completely', 'characterize', 'continuous', 'shift', 'commuting', 'length', 'preserving', 'maps', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'generalized', 'sliding', 'block', 'codes']] | [-0.12469359483713141, 0.14455342221145445, -0.0448674135053387, 0.06583150562364608, -0.05300680681561621, -0.1271799325226591, 0.04513391772679125, 0.37303710559812875, -0.35370156718418, -0.1683213799332197, 0.1001158749532456, -0.25696627381615916, -0.19482050899129646, 0.1686954119314368, -0.16676862024917052, 0.03891375930263446, 0.018652316347624247, 0.07778376047857678, -0.1746067446943086, -0.23091279550885352, 0.3823956168543261, -0.026894507709389122, 0.2695276234585505, 0.03281935224882685, 0.1274807562908301, 0.045462348199306196, -0.07361120064384662, 0.040152865307978715, -0.16171767313319904, 0.13711899440878858, 0.2862267800821708, 0.08188843857138776, 0.238268915635462, -0.30940046727370757, -0.22631196343841462, 0.23070134102151943, 0.0764813905223631, 0.10262537405181389, -0.005040796262283737, -0.27031146705938647, 0.10251107854911914, -0.22146778089495806, -0.12787842750549316, -0.05085326337183897, 0.05375300625768992, 0.027332818823365065, -0.24268579242321162, 0.021046514006761403, 0.14271658691219413, 0.09427146532039982, -0.07922941805938115, -0.010372365846370276, -0.0008058062038169457, 0.13209095067846088, -0.03748464461129445, 0.004625361706488407, 0.02756773309352306, 0.018306886322366503, -0.153243121633736, 0.30926897190511227, -0.0878235456175529, -0.2396981107071042, 0.15065563783909267, -0.15059095152582114, -0.20512782657662262, 0.08535006757682333, 0.14463587999343872, 0.12624880776633152, -0.07549514174103164, 0.1576032076165295, -0.11364067225502088, 0.11060570077970625, 0.13403955488823927, 0.08198075003635424, 0.1091706531552168, 0.07711741354388113, 0.12401571811105196, 0.21780330249323296, 0.022547814851770036, -0.10306148580902327, -0.3050993871516906, -0.15404011817792287, -0.12856795441072721, 0.062978862451676, -0.0718561673892859, -0.21719207445589395, 0.4020707477457248, 0.1054263731249823, 0.17436139946087048, 0.13101094628755863, 0.19530912995911562, 0.09572529946812071, 0.08098033253963177, 0.052191979015389314, 0.12831977028399705, 0.26484015208060063, 0.03556067672773049, -0.18173902514569748, -0.009257799150565496, 0.21882175530951756] |
1,802.04794 | Gain control with A-type potassium current: IA as a switch between
divisive and subtractive inhibition | Neurons process information by transforming barrages of synaptic inputs into
spiking activity. Synaptic inhibition suppresses the output firing activity of
a neuron, and is commonly classified as having a subtractive or divisive effect
on a neuron's output firing activity. Subtractive inhibition can narrow the
range of inputs that evoke spiking activity by eliminating responses to
non-preferred inputs. Divisive inhibition is a form of gain control: it
modifies firing rates while preserving the range of inputs that evoke firing
activity. Since these two "modes" of inhibition have distinct impacts on neural
coding, it is important to understand the biophysical mechanisms that
distinguish these response profiles.
We use simulations and mathematical analysis of a neuron model to find the
specific conditions for which inhibitory inputs have subtractive or divisive
effects. We identify a novel role for the A-type Potassium current (IA). In our
model, this fast-activating, slowly- inactivating outward current acts as a
switch between subtractive and divisive inhibition. If IA is strong (large
maximal conductance) and fast (activates on a time-scale similar to spike
initiation), then inhibition has a subtractive effect on neural firing. In
contrast, if IA is weak or insufficiently fast-activating, then inhibition has
a divisive effect on neural firing. We explain these findings using dynamical
systems methods to define how a spike threshold condition depends on synaptic
inputs and IA.
Our findings suggest that neurons can "self-regulate" the gain control
effects of inhibition via combinations of synaptic plasticity and/or modulation
of the conductance and kinetics of A-type Potassium channels. This novel role
for IA would add flexibility to neurons and networks, and may relate to recent
observations of divisive inhibitory effects on neurons in the nucleus of the
solitary tract.
| q-bio.NC | neurons process information by transforming barrages of synaptic inputs into spiking activity synaptic inhibition suppresses the output firing activity of a neuron and is commonly classified as having a subtractive or divisive effect on a neurons output firing activity subtractive inhibition can narrow the range of inputs that evoke spiking activity by eliminating responses to nonpreferred inputs divisive inhibition is a form of gain control it modifies firing rates while preserving the range of inputs that evoke firing activity since these two modes of inhibition have distinct impacts on neural coding it is important to understand the biophysical mechanisms that distinguish these response profiles we use simulations and mathematical analysis of a neuron model to find the specific conditions for which inhibitory inputs have subtractive or divisive effects we identify a novel role for the atype potassium current ia in our model this fastactivating slowly inactivating outward current acts as a switch between subtractive and divisive inhibition if ia is strong large maximal conductance and fast activates on a timescale similar to spike initiation then inhibition has a subtractive effect on neural firing in contrast if ia is weak or insufficiently fastactivating then inhibition has a divisive effect on neural firing we explain these findings using dynamical systems methods to define how a spike threshold condition depends on synaptic inputs and ia our findings suggest that neurons can selfregulate the gain control effects of inhibition via combinations of synaptic plasticity andor modulation of the conductance and kinetics of atype potassium channels this novel role for ia would add flexibility to neurons and networks and may relate to recent observations of divisive inhibitory effects on neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract | [['neurons', 'process', 'information', 'by', 'transforming', 'barrages', 'of', 'synaptic', 'inputs', 'into', 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1,802.04795 | Unimodular Einstein--Cartan gravity: Dynamics and conservation laws | Unimodular gravity is an interesting approach to address the cosmological
constant problem, since the vacuum energy density of quantum fields does not
gravitate in this framework, and the cosmological constant appears as an
integration constant. These features arise as a consequence of considering a
constrained volume element 4-form that breaks the diffeomorphisms invariance
down to volume preserving diffeomorphisms. In this work, the first-order
formulation of unimodular gravity is presented by considering the spin density
of matter fields as a source of spacetime torsion. Even though the most general
matter Lagrangian allowed by the symmetries is considered, dynamical
restrictions arise on their functional dependence. The field equations are
obtained and the conservation laws associated with the symmetries are derived.
It is found that, analogous to torsion-free unimodular gravity, the field
equation for the vierbein is traceless; nevertheless, torsion is algebraically
related to the spin density as in standard Einstein-Cartan theory. The
particular example of massless Dirac spinors is studied, and comparisons with
standard Einstein-Cartan theory are shown.
| gr-qc hep-th | unimodular gravity is an interesting approach to address the cosmological constant problem since the vacuum energy density of quantum fields does not gravitate in this framework and the cosmological constant appears as an integration constant these features arise as a consequence of considering a constrained volume element 4form that breaks the diffeomorphisms invariance down to volume preserving diffeomorphisms in this work the firstorder formulation of unimodular gravity is presented by considering the spin density of matter fields as a source of spacetime torsion even though the most general matter lagrangian allowed by the symmetries is considered dynamical restrictions arise on their functional dependence the field equations are obtained and the conservation laws associated with the symmetries are derived it is found that analogous to torsionfree unimodular gravity the field equation for the vierbein is traceless nevertheless torsion is algebraically related to the spin density as in standard einsteincartan theory the particular example of massless dirac spinors is studied and comparisons with standard einsteincartan theory are shown | [['unimodular', 'gravity', 'is', 'an', 'interesting', 'approach', 'to', 'address', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'problem', 'since', 'the', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'density', 'of', 'quantum', 'fields', 'does', 'not', 'gravitate', 'in', 'this', 'framework', 'and', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'appears', 'as', 'an', 'integration', 'constant', 'these', 'features', 'arise', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'considering', 'a', 'constrained', 'volume', 'element', '4form', 'that', 'breaks', 'the', 'diffeomorphisms', 'invariance', 'down', 'to', 'volume', 'preserving', 'diffeomorphisms', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'the', 'firstorder', 'formulation', 'of', 'unimodular', 'gravity', 'is', 'presented', 'by', 'considering', 'the', 'spin', 'density', 'of', 'matter', 'fields', 'as', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'spacetime', 'torsion', 'even', 'though', 'the', 'most', 'general', 'matter', 'lagrangian', 'allowed', 'by', 'the', 'symmetries', 'is', 'considered', 'dynamical', 'restrictions', 'arise', 'on', 'their', 'functional', 'dependence', 'the', 'field', 'equations', 'are', 'obtained', 'and', 'the', 'conservation', 'laws', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'symmetries', 'are', 'derived', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'analogous', 'to', 'torsionfree', 'unimodular', 'gravity', 'the', 'field', 'equation', 'for', 'the', 'vierbein', 'is', 'traceless', 'nevertheless', 'torsion', 'is', 'algebraically', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'spin', 'density', 'as', 'in', 'standard', 'einsteincartan', 'theory', 'the', 'particular', 'example', 'of', 'massless', 'dirac', 'spinors', 'is', 'studied', 'and', 'comparisons', 'with', 'standard', 'einsteincartan', 'theory', 'are', 'shown']] | [-0.19459803386083635, 0.17787146068571544, -0.08147633762143731, 0.10640856753038916, -0.1266532186082149, -0.14036868258550517, -0.08354888206729329, 0.2845005680279559, -0.25789067684462386, -0.3017326538866184, 0.07339007816773963, -0.23676158037002995, -0.1394901555031538, 0.13039234609354333, -0.057138500886643864, 0.019988064396795423, -0.0369030486733417, 0.08547408061932368, -0.11214253064441349, -0.24855418097373683, 0.35524854843269094, 0.05391353404875957, 0.2526732225375003, 0.041359572323510445, 0.13512109830156419, -0.036233117667879594, -0.024768526205815464, 0.06969565848107394, -0.11707170993408415, 0.0512589634450837, 0.23179839985972517, 0.06041833367100524, 0.18680881592164555, -0.41263060295303544, -0.27157081518299786, 0.09103509737459202, 0.10437068480406383, 0.13532108568350773, -0.06362001276196329, -0.3008453173496962, 0.04800722942160195, -0.14525576998446002, -0.18007809640657357, -0.09068333418699366, -0.0025785095980587268, -0.06948690169704068, -0.2072641298859324, 0.12725911287910652, 0.051634634752913536, 0.016555942415472973, -0.07939627914863404, -0.07734516550189288, -0.05516350578729916, 0.05150864049736186, 0.14519225182123932, 0.053779306354461216, 0.140728958801041, -0.12621428069086318, -0.09060784891676943, 0.4678376103942114, -0.10036973443993154, -0.2724429904875985, 0.1316754196543269, -0.12328748514943094, -0.16229265451105873, 0.09908725983992356, 0.08517944492141616, 0.13162337682709233, -0.13819947770941535, 0.24008006839739462, -0.03770027750561642, 0.1140162356412431, 0.07740171924962785, 0.019358470973191245, 0.23819849311923944, 0.06169269158061683, 0.07771127170557718, 0.05685247203646542, 0.011875554496711344, -0.14748040413209068, -0.3906590715780046, -0.15266267022858543, -0.16733985685979028, 0.1046732029421234, -0.11883958249539768, -0.17254919882254333, 0.33489291527005566, 0.09510224807940154, 0.08492813935413597, 0.06500489652684205, 0.248835837782686, 0.14959100592483104, 0.09001230644006057, 0.06236197290863527, 0.25460451434041004, 0.24255387618203636, 0.05244968033042254, -0.2310138227297442, -0.057622077841177045, 0.09644587956094015] |
1,802.04796 | Stochastic Variance-Reduced Cubic Regularized Newton Method | We propose a stochastic variance-reduced cubic regularized Newton method for
non-convex optimization. At the core of our algorithm is a novel
semi-stochastic gradient along with a semi-stochastic Hessian, which are
specifically designed for cubic regularization method. We show that our
algorithm is guaranteed to converge to an
$(\epsilon,\sqrt{\epsilon})$-approximately local minimum within
$\tilde{O}(n^{4/5}/\epsilon^{3/2})$ second-order oracle calls, which
outperforms the state-of-the-art cubic regularization algorithms including
subsampled cubic regularization. Our work also sheds light on the application
of variance reduction technique to high-order non-convex optimization methods.
Thorough experiments on various non-convex optimization problems support our
theory.
| cs.LG math.OC | we propose a stochastic variancereduced cubic regularized newton method for nonconvex optimization at the core of our algorithm is a novel semistochastic gradient along with a semistochastic hessian which are specifically designed for cubic regularization method we show that our algorithm is guaranteed to converge to an epsilonsqrtepsilonapproximately local minimum within tildeon45epsilon32 secondorder oracle calls which outperforms the stateoftheart cubic regularization algorithms including subsampled cubic regularization our work also sheds light on the application of variance reduction technique to highorder nonconvex optimization methods thorough experiments on various nonconvex optimization problems support our theory | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'stochastic', 'variancereduced', 'cubic', 'regularized', 'newton', 'method', 'for', 'nonconvex', 'optimization', 'at', 'the', 'core', 'of', 'our', 'algorithm', 'is', 'a', 'novel', 'semistochastic', 'gradient', 'along', 'with', 'a', 'semistochastic', 'hessian', 'which', 'are', 'specifically', 'designed', 'for', 'cubic', 'regularization', 'method', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'algorithm', 'is', 'guaranteed', 'to', 'converge', 'to', 'an', 'epsilonsqrtepsilonapproximately', 'local', 'minimum', 'within', 'tildeon45epsilon32', 'secondorder', 'oracle', 'calls', 'which', 'outperforms', 'the', 'stateoftheart', 'cubic', 'regularization', 'algorithms', 'including', 'subsampled', 'cubic', 'regularization', 'our', 'work', 'also', 'sheds', 'light', 'on', 'the', 'application', 'of', 'variance', 'reduction', 'technique', 'to', 'highorder', 'nonconvex', 'optimization', 'methods', 'thorough', 'experiments', 'on', 'various', 'nonconvex', 'optimization', 'problems', 'support', 'our', 'theory']] | [-0.05805963948420198, -0.08723318527032402, -0.13759294557538662, 0.06437375322035463, -0.1444828460750344, -0.19730344795939195, 0.03133501772318486, 0.44682623307568603, -0.3027785285887728, -0.2942101826052089, 0.11448162037797355, -0.2567189165319388, -0.2666456323285884, 0.21156351274432061, -0.11185852026024444, 0.14424993821348137, 0.10304346583415191, -0.04928419312748771, -0.17857922358018766, -0.3764494329417165, 0.22656141009928843, 0.02780837153217622, 0.290493783679187, 0.0524115492205985, 0.1650813397654629, 0.023652453497461565, 0.051731662708334625, 0.051188092289881394, -0.07537782649488181, 0.19217984667968946, 0.23234196187375666, 0.15874574211641, 0.4058866495942021, -0.3935151781559318, -0.23414045316423035, 0.10469437974305558, 0.13034362030429203, 0.13672257203271018, -0.09075380981756517, -0.21382339646691803, 0.08306213033354871, -0.06251689999435957, -0.049636803700455596, -0.20623650067168606, -0.16564604525126844, 0.04132606220498149, -0.3747067801477797, 0.0792468116298231, 0.028496079750686555, 0.0052152383294734326, -0.05550246007847958, -0.17504633250671878, 0.08459993041309805, -0.05257180045809146, 0.03787536749227361, 0.08632610307924532, 0.09772020606017047, -0.044414549022094234, -0.14879859122831457, 0.347365635672359, -0.07948727918031452, -0.21317494439810597, 0.14817134423723832, 0.040466829075140286, -0.1933554190436153, 0.17369452989302003, 0.28405948016014726, 0.24089120655412694, -0.1247343051779483, 0.10000645341146942, -0.026423845588546862, 0.1373520003334916, -0.007856495944517, -0.0614867086923978, 0.05812275761247172, 0.2053313123389751, 0.2124812160471485, 0.16017159557604527, -0.08229120668781163, -0.1663407309513007, -0.28047853558846225, -0.0784694605844689, -0.2476795659308414, -0.062667906959797, -0.1840475327693499, -0.21547877278874863, 0.3934122838161804, 0.17681380444216532, 0.13764986804696722, 0.1456892823948842, 0.3767584395277631, 0.10778957700541059, 0.06123619046635353, 0.13573989025470648, 0.19996130901675385, 0.09660046102202774, 0.08537397261422414, -0.2947806355001016, 0.01817573637670868, 0.17197836104493874] |
1,802.04797 | O/H-N/O: the curious case of NGC 4670 | We use integral field spectroscopic (IFS) observations from Gemini North
Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS-N) of a group of four H II regions and the
surrounding gas in the central region of the blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy
NGC 4670. At spatial scales of $\sim$ 9 pc, we map the spatial distribution of
a variety of physical properties of the ionised gas: internal dust attenuation,
kinematics, stellar age, star-formation rate, emission line ratios and chemical
abundances. The region of study is found to be photoionised. Using the robust
direct T$_e$-method, we estimate metallicity, nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio and
helium abundance of the four H II regions. The same parameters are also mapped
for the entire region using the HII-CHI-mistry code. We find that log(N/O) is
increased in the region where the Wolf-Rayet bump is detected.The region
coincides with the continuum region, around which we detect a slight increase
in He abundance. We estimate the number of WC4, WN2-4 and WN7-9 stars from the
integrated spectrum of WR bump region. We study the relation between log(N/O)
and 12 + log(O/H) using the spatially-resolved data of the FOV as well as the
integrated data of the H II regions from ten BCDs. We find an unexpected
negative trend between N/O and metallicity. Several scenarios are explored to
explain this trend, including nitrogen enrichment, and variations in star
formation efficiency via chemical evolution models.
| astro-ph.GA | we use integral field spectroscopic ifs observations from gemini north multiobject spectrograph gmosn of a group of four h ii regions and the surrounding gas in the central region of the blue compact dwarf bcd galaxy ngc 4670 at spatial scales of sim 9 pc we map the spatial distribution of a variety of physical properties of the ionised gas internal dust attenuation kinematics stellar age starformation rate emission line ratios and chemical abundances the region of study is found to be photoionised using the robust direct t_emethod we estimate metallicity nitrogentooxygen ratio and helium abundance of the four h ii regions the same parameters are also mapped for the entire region using the hiichimistry code we find that logno is increased in the region where the wolfrayet bump is detectedthe region coincides with the continuum region around which we detect a slight increase in he abundance we estimate the number of wc4 wn24 and wn79 stars from the integrated spectrum of wr bump region we study the relation between logno and 12 logoh using the spatiallyresolved data of the fov as well as the integrated data of the h ii regions from ten bcds we find an unexpected negative trend between no and metallicity several scenarios are explored to explain this trend including nitrogen enrichment and variations in star formation efficiency via chemical evolution models | [['we', 'use', 'integral', 'field', 'spectroscopic', 'ifs', 'observations', 'from', 'gemini', 'north', 'multiobject', 'spectrograph', 'gmosn', 'of', 'a', 'group', 'of', 'four', 'h', 'ii', 'regions', 'and', 'the', 'surrounding', 'gas', 'in', 'the', 'central', 'region', 'of', 'the', 'blue', 'compact', 'dwarf', 'bcd', 'galaxy', 'ngc', '4670', 'at', 'spatial', 'scales', 'of', 'sim', '9', 'pc', 'we', 'map', 'the', 'spatial', 'distribution', 'of', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'physical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'ionised', 'gas', 'internal', 'dust', 'attenuation', 'kinematics', 'stellar', 'age', 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1,802.04798 | After The Fall: The Dust and Gas in E+A Post-Starburst Galaxies | The traditional picture of post-starburst galaxies as dust- and gas-poor
merger remnants, rapidly transitioning to quiescence, has been recently
challenged. Unexpected detections of a significant ISM in many post-starbursts
raise important questions. Are they truly quiescent and, if so, what mechanisms
inhibit further star formation? What processes dominate their ISM energetics?
We present an infrared spectroscopic and photometric survey of 33 SDSS-selected
E+A post-starbursts, aimed at resolving these questions. We find compact, warm
dust reservoirs with high PAH abundances, and total gas and dust masses
significantly higher than expected from stellar recycling alone. Both PAH/TIR
and dust-to-burst stellar mass ratios are seen to decrease with post-burst age,
indicative of the accumulating effects of dust destruction and an incipient
transition to hot, early-type ISM properties. Their infrared spectral
properties are unique, with dominant PAH emission, very weak nebular lines,
unusually strong H$_{2}$ rotational emission, and deep ${\rm [C\, II]}$
deficits. There is substantial scatter among SFR indicators, and both PAH and
TIR luminosities provide overestimates. Even as potential upper limits, all
tracers show that the SFR has typically experienced a more than two
order-of-magnitude decline since the starburst, and that the SFR is
considerably lower than expected given both their stellar masses and molecular
gas densities. These results paint a coherent picture of systems in which star
formation was, indeed, rapidly truncated, but in which the ISM was
$\textit{not}$ completely expelled, and is instead supported against collapse
by latent or continued injection of turbulent or mechanical heating. The
resulting aging burst populations provide a "high-soft" radiation field which
seemingly dominates the E+As' unusual ISM energetics.
| astro-ph.GA | the traditional picture of poststarburst galaxies as dust and gaspoor merger remnants rapidly transitioning to quiescence has been recently challenged unexpected detections of a significant ism in many poststarbursts raise important questions are they truly quiescent and if so what mechanisms inhibit further star formation what processes dominate their ism energetics we present an infrared spectroscopic and photometric survey of 33 sdssselected ea poststarbursts aimed at resolving these questions we find compact warm dust reservoirs with high pah abundances and total gas and dust masses significantly higher than expected from stellar recycling alone both pahtir and dusttoburst stellar mass ratios are seen to decrease with postburst age indicative of the accumulating effects of dust destruction and an incipient transition to hot earlytype ism properties their infrared spectral properties are unique with dominant pah emission very weak nebular lines unusually strong h_2 rotational emission and deep rm c ii deficits there is substantial scatter among sfr indicators and both pah and tir luminosities provide overestimates even as potential upper limits all tracers show that the sfr has typically experienced a more than two orderofmagnitude decline since the starburst and that the sfr is considerably lower than expected given both their stellar masses and molecular gas densities these results paint a coherent picture of systems in which star formation was indeed rapidly truncated but in which the ism was textitnot completely expelled and is instead supported against collapse by latent or continued injection of turbulent or mechanical heating the resulting aging burst populations provide a highsoft radiation field which seemingly dominates the eas unusual ism energetics | [['the', 'traditional', 'picture', 'of', 'poststarburst', 'galaxies', 'as', 'dust', 'and', 'gaspoor', 'merger', 'remnants', 'rapidly', 'transitioning', 'to', 'quiescence', 'has', 'been', 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1,802.04799 | TVM: An Automated End-to-End Optimizing Compiler for Deep Learning | There is an increasing need to bring machine learning to a wide diversity of
hardware devices. Current frameworks rely on vendor-specific operator libraries
and optimize for a narrow range of server-class GPUs. Deploying workloads to
new platforms -- such as mobile phones, embedded devices, and accelerators
(e.g., FPGAs, ASICs) -- requires significant manual effort. We propose TVM, a
compiler that exposes graph-level and operator-level optimizations to provide
performance portability to deep learning workloads across diverse hardware
back-ends. TVM solves optimization challenges specific to deep learning, such
as high-level operator fusion, mapping to arbitrary hardware primitives, and
memory latency hiding. It also automates optimization of low-level programs to
hardware characteristics by employing a novel, learning-based cost modeling
method for rapid exploration of code optimizations. Experimental results show
that TVM delivers performance across hardware back-ends that are competitive
with state-of-the-art, hand-tuned libraries for low-power CPU, mobile GPU, and
server-class GPUs. We also demonstrate TVM's ability to target new accelerator
back-ends, such as the FPGA-based generic deep learning accelerator. The system
is open sourced and in production use inside several major companies.
| cs.LG cs.AI cs.PL | there is an increasing need to bring machine learning to a wide diversity of hardware devices current frameworks rely on vendorspecific operator libraries and optimize for a narrow range of serverclass gpus deploying workloads to new platforms such as mobile phones embedded devices and accelerators eg fpgas asics requires significant manual effort we propose tvm a compiler that exposes graphlevel and operatorlevel optimizations to provide performance portability to deep learning workloads across diverse hardware backends tvm solves optimization challenges specific to deep learning such as highlevel operator fusion mapping to arbitrary hardware primitives and memory latency hiding it also automates optimization of lowlevel programs to hardware characteristics by employing a novel learningbased cost modeling method for rapid exploration of code optimizations experimental results show that tvm delivers performance across hardware backends that are competitive with stateoftheart handtuned libraries for lowpower cpu mobile gpu and serverclass gpus we also demonstrate tvms ability to target new accelerator backends such as the fpgabased generic deep learning accelerator the system is open sourced and in production use inside several major companies | [['there', 'is', 'an', 'increasing', 'need', 'to', 'bring', 'machine', 'learning', 'to', 'a', 'wide', 'diversity', 'of', 'hardware', 'devices', 'current', 'frameworks', 'rely', 'on', 'vendorspecific', 'operator', 'libraries', 'and', 'optimize', 'for', 'a', 'narrow', 'range', 'of', 'serverclass', 'gpus', 'deploying', 'workloads', 'to', 'new', 'platforms', 'such', 'as', 'mobile', 'phones', 'embedded', 'devices', 'and', 'accelerators', 'eg', 'fpgas', 'asics', 'requires', 'significant', 'manual', 'effort', 'we', 'propose', 'tvm', 'a', 'compiler', 'that', 'exposes', 'graphlevel', 'and', 'operatorlevel', 'optimizations', 'to', 'provide', 'performance', 'portability', 'to', 'deep', 'learning', 'workloads', 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1,802.048 | Adaptive Regulation of Sampling Rates for Power Efficient Embedded
Control system Design | In recent times adaptive regulation of sampling rates has gained significant
attention in research community and researchers has demonstrated it's
effectiveness in embedded control applications from different perspectives. In
low power embedded control systems, the sampling rate of the control tasks has
a direct relationship with control performance and power consumption. In this
paper, we investigate the possibility of improving the power efficiency of low
power embedded control systems by regulating the sampling rate of the control
tasks. On this regard, we present algorithmic approaches for on-line regulation
of sampling rates of the control task under some power-performance trade-off.
We present elaborative results which demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed
approaches.
| cs.SY | in recent times adaptive regulation of sampling rates has gained significant attention in research community and researchers has demonstrated its effectiveness in embedded control applications from different perspectives in low power embedded control systems the sampling rate of the control tasks has a direct relationship with control performance and power consumption in this paper we investigate the possibility of improving the power efficiency of low power embedded control systems by regulating the sampling rate of the control tasks on this regard we present algorithmic approaches for online regulation of sampling rates of the control task under some powerperformance tradeoff we present elaborative results which demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approaches | [['in', 'recent', 'times', 'adaptive', 'regulation', 'of', 'sampling', 'rates', 'has', 'gained', 'significant', 'attention', 'in', 'research', 'community', 'and', 'researchers', 'has', 'demonstrated', 'its', 'effectiveness', 'in', 'embedded', 'control', 'applications', 'from', 'different', 'perspectives', 'in', 'low', 'power', 'embedded', 'control', 'systems', 'the', 'sampling', 'rate', 'of', 'the', 'control', 'tasks', 'has', 'a', 'direct', 'relationship', 'with', 'control', 'performance', 'and', 'power', 'consumption', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'improving', 'the', 'power', 'efficiency', 'of', 'low', 'power', 'embedded', 'control', 'systems', 'by', 'regulating', 'the', 'sampling', 'rate', 'of', 'the', 'control', 'tasks', 'on', 'this', 'regard', 'we', 'present', 'algorithmic', 'approaches', 'for', 'online', 'regulation', 'of', 'sampling', 'rates', 'of', 'the', 'control', 'task', 'under', 'some', 'powerperformance', 'tradeoff', 'we', 'present', 'elaborative', 'results', 'which', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'efficacy', 'of', 'our', 'proposed', 'approaches']] | [-0.14800004337217892, 0.001330952069864751, -0.03844977092199229, -0.018756737255046632, -0.029337113056130504, -0.11979310296744376, 0.10804211514108386, 0.4110061292544947, -0.25996269992141574, -0.3294323428726948, 0.13642106633444592, -0.2117875934964432, -0.16067038010805845, 0.27081017025435966, -0.17126765243944014, 0.10952928719930938, 0.06291539828620248, -0.0044361013449258635, -0.03628765967850749, -0.2698720790978588, 0.24964656680822372, 0.13555640764198862, 0.3806889115744648, 0.060691405131234076, 0.1332306495934792, -0.017953844396984792, -0.044931893153032205, -0.02060292924645248, -0.13976522222127732, 0.18655044067785279, 0.30564713879144406, 0.19373444727462558, 0.39603968614687185, -0.4029683295201074, -0.2675547155862053, 0.10997876861376, 0.15179229674122488, 0.054287611115681894, -0.18013356547269904, -0.2237657077048343, 0.09686185659521872, -0.2123335795309227, -0.027534489893262182, -0.09926992162290188, -0.011643959263859837, 0.05768267822720379, -0.2582264718608008, 0.04783755070991344, 0.04572825397255721, 0.07576130761823675, -0.06560047247828832, -0.10594079866669737, 0.0479995063568994, 0.19469800109026936, 0.059495395175307185, -0.01707078092353972, 0.17815506230066488, -0.1841073905554105, -0.21407100422148434, 0.34998613600996703, 0.012933439344402638, -0.19290878795725, 0.2067780094640749, -0.08395928971737891, -0.15013668625321877, 0.10296345522274843, 0.27934252881856114, 0.1084392628808682, -0.13675901889465414, 0.08622863272211288, 0.04107727181703389, 0.17506366875442164, 0.025609422919785116, 0.05841982332771426, 0.16092572504914626, 0.2772108060685364, 0.08310372366880377, 0.16698422654414433, -0.07074781148778359, -0.12559038553353366, -0.17042129814020684, -0.10781176472166637, -0.131446602871759, -0.002967285525120862, -0.09740713470550422, -0.03283264429249742, 0.421785291720618, 0.2015214315321934, 0.16072321598426448, 0.07751289437638244, 0.3718723405890905, 0.1291574995161395, 0.04937630347689396, 0.05999620807480889, 0.2305755684467406, 0.07219541490472316, 0.1347954010104274, -0.2801089323448806, 0.07521657599241112, -0.03293511765665031] |
1,802.04801 | Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture, and the Big Questions | Heavy ion collisions quickly form a droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with
a remarkably small viscosity. We give an accessible introduction to how to
study this smallest and hottest droplet of liquid made on earth and why it is
so interesting. The physics of heavy ions ranges from highly energetic quarks
and gluons described by perturbative QCD to a bath of strongly interacting
gluons at lower energy scales. These gluons quickly thermalize and form QGP,
while the energetic partons traverse this plasma and end in a shower of
particles called jets. Analyzing the final particles in a variety of different
ways allows us to study the properties of QGP and the complex dynamics of
multi-scale processes in QCD which govern its formation and evolution,
providing what is perhaps the simplest form of complex quantum matter that we
know of. Much remains to be understood, and throughout the review big open
questions will be encountered.
| hep-ph hep-th nucl-ex nucl-th | heavy ion collisions quickly form a droplet of quarkgluon plasma qgp with a remarkably small viscosity we give an accessible introduction to how to study this smallest and hottest droplet of liquid made on earth and why it is so interesting the physics of heavy ions ranges from highly energetic quarks and gluons described by perturbative qcd to a bath of strongly interacting gluons at lower energy scales these gluons quickly thermalize and form qgp while the energetic partons traverse this plasma and end in a shower of particles called jets analyzing the final particles in a variety of different ways allows us to study the properties of qgp and the complex dynamics of multiscale processes in qcd which govern its formation and evolution providing what is perhaps the simplest form of complex quantum matter that we know of much remains to be understood and throughout the review big open questions will be encountered | [['heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'quickly', 'form', 'a', 'droplet', 'of', 'quarkgluon', 'plasma', 'qgp', 'with', 'a', 'remarkably', 'small', 'viscosity', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'accessible', 'introduction', 'to', 'how', 'to', 'study', 'this', 'smallest', 'and', 'hottest', 'droplet', 'of', 'liquid', 'made', 'on', 'earth', 'and', 'why', 'it', 'is', 'so', 'interesting', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'heavy', 'ions', 'ranges', 'from', 'highly', 'energetic', 'quarks', 'and', 'gluons', 'described', 'by', 'perturbative', 'qcd', 'to', 'a', 'bath', 'of', 'strongly', 'interacting', 'gluons', 'at', 'lower', 'energy', 'scales', 'these', 'gluons', 'quickly', 'thermalize', 'and', 'form', 'qgp', 'while', 'the', 'energetic', 'partons', 'traverse', 'this', 'plasma', 'and', 'end', 'in', 'a', 'shower', 'of', 'particles', 'called', 'jets', 'analyzing', 'the', 'final', 'particles', 'in', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'different', 'ways', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'qgp', 'and', 'the', 'complex', 'dynamics', 'of', 'multiscale', 'processes', 'in', 'qcd', 'which', 'govern', 'its', 'formation', 'and', 'evolution', 'providing', 'what', 'is', 'perhaps', 'the', 'simplest', 'form', 'of', 'complex', 'quantum', 'matter', 'that', 'we', 'know', 'of', 'much', 'remains', 'to', 'be', 'understood', 'and', 'throughout', 'the', 'review', 'big', 'open', 'questions', 'will', 'be', 'encountered']] | [-0.05885807482537801, 0.3299544342203321, -0.1575683474105287, 0.12785164109588443, -0.06493627047166228, -0.10173000938065543, -0.014704726305306441, 0.3285902803824223, -0.25295949699478104, -0.28040442830435447, 0.018831498894459484, -0.2921917501780508, -0.027293318980857247, 0.11445221847623235, 0.02618051606968239, 0.024162982856210734, 0.09325144749721391, -0.002495306556100969, -0.013824918451654731, -0.2298286012222676, 0.298744952445245, 0.07763811180824656, 0.1803850280438465, 0.16249994358804543, 0.09186111330417554, -0.021783897114990205, -0.010228231718594378, 0.0021492552598817395, -0.1395327744547859, 0.06684329319392276, 0.23864700145680795, 0.08113605573065821, 0.2055120975048056, -0.46716341098117364, -0.20372044182436952, 0.06419405339787677, 0.18882107842175364, 0.11302342779054488, -0.03746772545175143, -0.22305567698649964, 0.03725784332960143, -0.19274307690355202, -0.19858387510243852, -0.08023059604441529, 0.003313678213963648, -0.02903654996374495, -0.23193851592285292, 0.06053223232466534, 0.004114296438864904, -0.016220339074996964, 0.023089506644672447, -0.10203777041358801, -0.006903852079087844, 0.07764377304074632, 0.09540813908210725, 0.0491785235950941, 0.21527589349281767, -0.22838434386566014, -0.0576943326620506, 0.4448279191364909, -0.0015435307679770441, -0.12520746351068526, 0.2687680779263837, -0.19741209961667464, -0.1263464122251668, 0.17476931475889082, 0.21766655438643118, 0.1236614666746131, -0.19160963574503004, 0.04031442562213611, -0.035562315481781424, 0.1415894172331683, 0.0807837007518906, 0.08291092116609458, 0.2829262466478319, 0.21491275228523685, -0.014602027659594723, 0.1264370152895534, 0.021891706544518857, -0.1198264564472166, -0.30420920955525205, -0.15666572054751315, -0.15272506316912107, 0.08132663298422446, -0.06853428422458252, -0.1870231842985014, 0.39982912545364546, 0.1541388471196587, 0.20955478742888028, -0.0695479496997515, 0.27384582060002177, 0.046670647100666415, 0.0016019905463024345, 0.12137065864585389, 0.24998478825482262, 0.16425110178231564, 0.16820177133951045, -0.2467798883830161, 0.040259232291008355, 0.060808299109339714] |
1,802.04802 | Flopping and Slicing: SO(4) and Spin(4)-models | We study the geometric engineering of gauge theories with gauge group Spin(4)
and SO(4) using crepant resolutions of Weierstrass models. The corresponding
elliptic fibrations realize a collision of singularities corresponding to two
fibers with dual graph the affine $A_1$ Dynkin diagram. There are eight
different ways to engineer such collisions using decorated Kodaira fibers. The
Mordell-Weil group of the elliptic fibration is required to be trivial for
Spin(4) and Z/2Z for SO(4).
Each of these models have two possible crepant resolutions connected by a
flop. We also compute a generating function for the Euler characteristic of
such elliptic fibrations over a base of arbitrary dimensions. In the case of a
threefold, we also compute the triple intersection numbers of the fibral
divisors. In the case of Calabi-Yau threefolds, we also compute their Hodge
numbers, and check the cancellations of anomalies in a six-dimensional
supergravity theory.
| hep-th math.AG | we study the geometric engineering of gauge theories with gauge group spin4 and so4 using crepant resolutions of weierstrass models the corresponding elliptic fibrations realize a collision of singularities corresponding to two fibers with dual graph the affine a_1 dynkin diagram there are eight different ways to engineer such collisions using decorated kodaira fibers the mordellweil group of the elliptic fibration is required to be trivial for spin4 and z2z for so4 each of these models have two possible crepant resolutions connected by a flop we also compute a generating function for the euler characteristic of such elliptic fibrations over a base of arbitrary dimensions in the case of a threefold we also compute the triple intersection numbers of the fibral divisors in the case of calabiyau threefolds we also compute their hodge numbers and check the cancellations of anomalies in a sixdimensional supergravity theory | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'geometric', 'engineering', 'of', 'gauge', 'theories', 'with', 'gauge', 'group', 'spin4', 'and', 'so4', 'using', 'crepant', 'resolutions', 'of', 'weierstrass', 'models', 'the', 'corresponding', 'elliptic', 'fibrations', 'realize', 'a', 'collision', 'of', 'singularities', 'corresponding', 'to', 'two', 'fibers', 'with', 'dual', 'graph', 'the', 'affine', 'a_1', 'dynkin', 'diagram', 'there', 'are', 'eight', 'different', 'ways', 'to', 'engineer', 'such', 'collisions', 'using', 'decorated', 'kodaira', 'fibers', 'the', 'mordellweil', 'group', 'of', 'the', 'elliptic', 'fibration', 'is', 'required', 'to', 'be', 'trivial', 'for', 'spin4', 'and', 'z2z', 'for', 'so4', 'each', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'have', 'two', 'possible', 'crepant', 'resolutions', 'connected', 'by', 'a', 'flop', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'a', 'generating', 'function', 'for', 'the', 'euler', 'characteristic', 'of', 'such', 'elliptic', 'fibrations', 'over', 'a', 'base', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'dimensions', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'threefold', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'the', 'triple', 'intersection', 'numbers', 'of', 'the', 'fibral', 'divisors', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'calabiyau', 'threefolds', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'their', 'hodge', 'numbers', 'and', 'check', 'the', 'cancellations', 'of', 'anomalies', 'in', 'a', 'sixdimensional', 'supergravity', 'theory']] | [-0.22179567796210276, 0.07436537078967126, -0.11267429142146661, 0.1118754276210956, -0.09383904489463774, -0.1804665729531954, -0.04260940348472575, 0.34305527239459854, -0.2690289523324062, -0.24403410723497126, 0.08541246402751783, -0.26598466769470996, -0.15276866902693592, 0.15334516948667065, -0.14400325942913006, 0.005663880253017976, 0.004686474337660033, 0.06251601800964825, -0.15166883893062136, -0.32944177889911425, 0.4253205989359011, -0.0867186457625237, 0.22018901285040995, 0.05655187464816945, 0.14041342788921862, -0.0058194900413268595, 0.006772656552493572, -0.029097802885647478, -0.15124952227904878, 0.14776976098776154, 0.3389107724963306, 0.002838756899542079, 0.07155646817951367, -0.4045286951137, -0.14148461185716862, 0.20747852221709387, 0.1413463876229422, 0.079864888336381, 0.01584220184655539, -0.21556011061665828, 0.08071095233718897, -0.20495464269730165, -0.20955246763849825, -0.09640886584650082, 0.006054941789600356, 0.017144203174795057, -0.20648882583040615, -0.03316695966079414, -0.004704994066008206, 0.16544284098621073, -0.015613863023062205, -0.07152571742069619, -0.1396624610887776, 0.06166013979577813, 0.05718501882691836, 0.025107654564660686, 0.06308224580796629, -0.16981643872608526, -0.1777572142008435, 0.3830680728279825, -0.029129387878266903, -0.23722170741008272, 0.10451117601117184, -0.11994029459350838, -0.1816316747732846, 0.16272682532796573, 0.09163742830398781, 0.19994977293967606, -0.013925107138167168, 0.15116295052636095, -0.08178509320293008, 0.06651527369073752, 0.15778751383888825, -0.007830057845547281, 0.1794179364717726, 0.08123937052642477, 0.037616190145289975, 0.10859560758148416, -0.020796764937454255, -0.06462798390320727, -0.41906130465454067, -0.2018937314025544, -0.08158011312500156, 0.18222154255410464, -0.1565894603212404, -0.13705307134138098, 0.44061267056084913, 0.05091406118510098, 0.2170022724774377, 0.08585592370383956, 0.19290185679906402, 0.049259992900850445, 0.07750486915706303, -0.0009531548086168437, 0.13649062427916916, 0.2161486099634705, -0.015681853830204186, -0.1794343071925486, -0.1388700256212454, 0.23125922021552406] |
1,802.04803 | Wolf 1130: A Nearby Triple System Containing a Cool, Ultramassive White
Dwarf | Following the discovery of the T8 subdwarf WISEJ200520.38+542433.9 (Wolf
1130C), with common proper motion to a binary (Wolf 1130AB) consisting of an M
subdwarf and a white dwarf, we set out to learn more about the old binary in
the system. We find that the A and B components of Wolf 1130 are tidally
locked, which is revealed by the coherence of more than a year of V band
photometry phase folded to the derived orbital period of 0.4967 days. Forty new
high-resolution, near-infrared spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating
Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) provide radial velocities and a projected
rotational velocity (v sin i) of 14.7 +/- 0.7 km/s for the M subdwarf. In
tandem with a Gaia parallax-derived radius and verified tidal-locking, we
calculate an inclination of i=29 +/- 2 degrees. From the single-lined orbital
solution and the inclination we derive an absolute mass for the unseen primary
(1.24+0.19-0.15 Msun). Its non-detection between 0.2 and 2.5 microns implies
that it is an old (>3.7 Gyr) and cool (Teff<7000K) ONe white dwarf. This is the
first ultramassive white dwarf within 25pc. The evolution of Wolf 1130AB into a
cataclysmic variable is inevitable, making it a potential Type Ia supernova
progenitor. The formation of a triple system with a primary mass >100 times the
tertiary mass and the survival of the system through the common-envelope phase,
where ~80% of the system mass was lost, is remarkable. Our analysis of Wolf
1130 allows us to infer its formation and evolutionary history, which has
unique implications for understanding low-mass star and brown dwarf formation
around intermediate mass stars.
| astro-ph.SR | following the discovery of the t8 subdwarf wisej200520385424339 wolf 1130c with common proper motion to a binary wolf 1130ab consisting of an m subdwarf and a white dwarf we set out to learn more about the old binary in the system we find that the a and b components of wolf 1130 are tidally locked which is revealed by the coherence of more than a year of v band photometry phase folded to the derived orbital period of 04967 days forty new highresolution nearinfrared spectra obtained with the immersion grating infrared spectrometer igrins provide radial velocities and a projected rotational velocity v sin i of 147 07 kms for the m subdwarf in tandem with a gaia parallaxderived radius and verified tidallocking we calculate an inclination of i29 2 degrees from the singlelined orbital solution and the inclination we derive an absolute mass for the unseen primary 124019015 msun its nondetection between 02 and 25 microns implies that it is an old 37 gyr and cool teff7000k one white dwarf this is the first ultramassive white dwarf within 25pc the evolution of wolf 1130ab into a cataclysmic variable is inevitable making it a potential type ia supernova progenitor the formation of a triple system with a primary mass 100 times the tertiary mass and the survival of the system through the commonenvelope phase where 80 of the system mass was lost is remarkable our analysis of wolf 1130 allows us to infer its formation and evolutionary history which has unique implications for understanding lowmass star and brown dwarf formation around intermediate mass stars | [['following', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'the', 't8', 'subdwarf', 'wisej200520385424339', 'wolf', '1130c', 'with', 'common', 'proper', 'motion', 'to', 'a', 'binary', 'wolf', '1130ab', 'consisting', 'of', 'an', 'm', 'subdwarf', 'and', 'a', 'white', 'dwarf', 'we', 'set', 'out', 'to', 'learn', 'more', 'about', 'the', 'old', 'binary', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'a', 'and', 'b', 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1,802.04804 | Predictions and sensitivity forecasts for reionization-era [C II] line
intensity mapping | Observations of the high-redshift Universe using the 21 cm line of neutral
hydrogen and complimentary emission lines from the first galaxies promise to
open a new door for our understanding of the epoch of reionization. We present
predictions for the [C II] 158-micron line and H I 21 cm emission from
redshifts z=6--9 using high-dynamic-range cosmological simulations combined
with semi-analytical models. We find that the CONCERTO experiment should be
able to detect the large scale power spectrum of [C II] emission to redshifts
of up to z=8 (signal-to-noise ratio ~ 1 at k = 0.1 h/cMpc with 1500 hr of
integration). A Stage II experiment similar to CCAT-p should be able to detect
[C II] from even higher redshifts to high significance for similar integration
times (signal-to-noise ratio of ~50 at k = 0.2 h/cMpc at z=6--9). We study the
possibility of combining such future [C II] measurements with 21 cm
measurements using LOFAR and SKA to measure the [C II]-21cm cross power
spectra, and find that a Stage II experiment should be able to measure the
cross-power spectrum for k < 1 h/cMpc to signal-to-noise ratio of better than
10. We discuss the capability of such measurements to constrain astrophysical
parameters relevant to reionization and show that a measurement of the [C
II]-21cm cross power spectrum helps break the degeneracy between the mass and
brightness of ionizing sources.
| astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO | observations of the highredshift universe using the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen and complimentary emission lines from the first galaxies promise to open a new door for our understanding of the epoch of reionization we present predictions for the c ii 158micron line and h i 21 cm emission from redshifts z69 using highdynamicrange cosmological simulations combined with semianalytical models we find that the concerto experiment should be able to detect the large scale power spectrum of c ii emission to redshifts of up to z8 signaltonoise ratio 1 at k 01 hcmpc with 1500 hr of integration a stage ii experiment similar to ccatp should be able to detect c ii from even higher redshifts to high significance for similar integration times signaltonoise ratio of 50 at k 02 hcmpc at z69 we study the possibility of combining such future c ii measurements with 21 cm measurements using lofar and ska to measure the c ii21cm cross power spectra and find that a stage ii experiment should be able to measure the crosspower spectrum for k 1 hcmpc to signaltonoise ratio of better than 10 we discuss the capability of such measurements to constrain astrophysical parameters relevant to reionization and show that a measurement of the c ii21cm cross power spectrum helps break the degeneracy between the mass and brightness of ionizing sources | [['observations', 'of', 'the', 'highredshift', 'universe', 'using', 'the', '21', 'cm', 'line', 'of', 'neutral', 'hydrogen', 'and', 'complimentary', 'emission', 'lines', 'from', 'the', 'first', 'galaxies', 'promise', 'to', 'open', 'a', 'new', 'door', 'for', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'epoch', 'of', 'reionization', 'we', 'present', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'c', 'ii', '158micron', 'line', 'and', 'h', 'i', '21', 'cm', 'emission', 'from', 'redshifts', 'z69', 'using', 'highdynamicrange', 'cosmological', 'simulations', 'combined', 'with', 'semianalytical', 'models', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'concerto', 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1,802.04805 | Spin-liquid-like state in a spin-1/2 square-lattice antiferromagnet
perovskite induced by $d^{10}$-$d^0$ cation mixing | A quantum spin liquid state has long been predicted to arise in spin-1/2
Heisenberg square-lattice antiferromagnets at the boundary region between
N\'eel (nearest-neighbor interaction dominates) and columnar
(next-nearest-neighbor dominates) antiferromagnetic order. However, there are
no known compounds in this region. Here we use $d^{10}$-$d^0$ cation mixing to
tune the magnetic interactions on the square lattice while simultaneously
introducing disorder. We find spin-liquid-like behavior in the double
perovskite Sr$_2$Cu(Te$_{0.5}$W$_{0.5}$)O$_6$, where the isostructural end
phases Sr$_2$CuTeO$_6$ and Sr$_2$CuWO$_6$ are N\'eel and columnar type
antiferromagnets, respectively. We show that magnetism in
Sr$_2$Cu(Te$_{0.5}$W$_{0.5}$)O$_6$ is entirely dynamic down to 19 mK.
Additionally, we observe at low temperatures for
Sr$_2$Cu(Te$_{0.5}$W$_{0.5}$)O$_6$, similar to several spin liquid candidates,
a plateau in muon spin relaxation rate and a strong $T$-linear dependence in
specific heat. Our observations for Sr$_2$Cu(Te$_{0.5}$W$_{0.5}$)O$_6$
highlight the role of disorder in addition to magnetic frustration in spin
liquid physics.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a quantum spin liquid state has long been predicted to arise in spin12 heisenberg squarelattice antiferromagnets at the boundary region between neel nearestneighbor interaction dominates and columnar nextnearestneighbor dominates antiferromagnetic order however there are no known compounds in this region here we use d10d0 cation mixing to tune the magnetic interactions on the square lattice while simultaneously introducing disorder we find spinliquidlike behavior in the double perovskite sr_2cute_05w_05o_6 where the isostructural end phases sr_2cuteo_6 and sr_2cuwo_6 are neel and columnar type antiferromagnets respectively we show that magnetism in sr_2cute_05w_05o_6 is entirely dynamic down to 19 mk additionally we observe at low temperatures for sr_2cute_05w_05o_6 similar to several spin liquid candidates a plateau in muon spin relaxation rate and a strong tlinear dependence in specific heat our observations for sr_2cute_05w_05o_6 highlight the role of disorder in addition to magnetic frustration in spin liquid physics | [['a', 'quantum', 'spin', 'liquid', 'state', 'has', 'long', 'been', 'predicted', 'to', 'arise', 'in', 'spin12', 'heisenberg', 'squarelattice', 'antiferromagnets', 'at', 'the', 'boundary', 'region', 'between', 'neel', 'nearestneighbor', 'interaction', 'dominates', 'and', 'columnar', 'nextnearestneighbor', 'dominates', 'antiferromagnetic', 'order', 'however', 'there', 'are', 'no', 'known', 'compounds', 'in', 'this', 'region', 'here', 'we', 'use', 'd10d0', 'cation', 'mixing', 'to', 'tune', 'the', 'magnetic', 'interactions', 'on', 'the', 'square', 'lattice', 'while', 'simultaneously', 'introducing', 'disorder', 'we', 'find', 'spinliquidlike', 'behavior', 'in', 'the', 'double', 'perovskite', 'sr_2cute_05w_05o_6', 'where', 'the', 'isostructural', 'end', 'phases', 'sr_2cuteo_6', 'and', 'sr_2cuwo_6', 'are', 'neel', 'and', 'columnar', 'type', 'antiferromagnets', 'respectively', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'magnetism', 'in', 'sr_2cute_05w_05o_6', 'is', 'entirely', 'dynamic', 'down', 'to', '19', 'mk', 'additionally', 'we', 'observe', 'at', 'low', 'temperatures', 'for', 'sr_2cute_05w_05o_6', 'similar', 'to', 'several', 'spin', 'liquid', 'candidates', 'a', 'plateau', 'in', 'muon', 'spin', 'relaxation', 'rate', 'and', 'a', 'strong', 'tlinear', 'dependence', 'in', 'specific', 'heat', 'our', 'observations', 'for', 'sr_2cute_05w_05o_6', 'highlight', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'disorder', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'magnetic', 'frustration', 'in', 'spin', 'liquid', 'physics']] | [-0.1745449809757599, 0.27728091603354876, 0.027061213914249222, 0.06709890943807616, -0.051911452445726265, -0.17494761671962766, 0.08100554388685441, 0.41918537802469563, -0.24979234248084922, -0.26605577852649115, 0.03464024427222272, -0.3463026813139588, -0.10073651333378864, 0.12592334469163816, 0.08208543064136675, -0.04296353714365158, -0.07942897437179697, -0.02223191958479911, -0.13698561612064097, -0.20377101965451902, 0.20793699500176394, -0.018834838355603647, 0.2772237309549843, 0.11170483898850236, 0.055585307293140304, -0.011280419636176715, 0.18045790943081005, -0.003944145856608807, -0.1871323695057994, -0.032602898894586195, 0.273479582952142, -0.16827109309641355, 0.1429161369590692, -0.4252154810065535, -0.19256065417290993, 0.051494626438615736, 0.13646207243191, 0.15670808591440477, -0.055615481281895716, -0.25732614348222776, 0.02258822544925505, -0.17154623331292204, -0.10754534319448153, -0.13252886004490175, -0.03041641177071757, -0.03677107514112591, -0.2583168671887801, 0.14627333296853132, 0.10485434471006493, 0.1288080783314924, -0.08832696601289364, -0.1504640782671705, -0.04692019695829285, 0.0618757023312099, 0.07514755501949662, 0.09143508893345863, 0.10733547669009004, -0.13066674434353637, -0.15103163713471254, 0.3311132963215539, -0.04848781483031442, -0.06289851429386878, 0.19242216905408446, -0.23241513300349717, -0.1432438571019177, 0.16839100019088094, 0.10130096264806589, 0.039804674932588886, -0.11351521780163469, 0.08064398672583376, 0.012569066339162585, 0.1906258118253621, -0.014211181839796859, 0.06866950789568159, 0.2796944045350218, 0.22441195027614144, 0.03894154374605753, 0.18063711620781991, -0.16077350003441507, -0.15520462984035552, -0.17953294551026233, -0.15453647217437835, -0.2160792056123503, 0.05643352214246988, -0.0943806301339195, -0.16066064375360878, 0.3547911055477887, 0.17670561135904356, 0.14584524696692824, -0.05690946404389303, 0.16687035349748608, 0.01192044648981299, 0.0627598226542624, 0.05326381122732771, 0.272246440679071, 0.180503101619354, 0.14081555571649748, -0.3171470283504418, 0.06811738491524011, 0.029661854235111067] |
1,802.04806 | What do the highest-energy cosmic-ray data suggest about possible new
physics around 50 TeV? | The latest observations of extensive air showers (EAS) induced by
ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) appear to indicate, prima facie, a
transition to heavy primaries at the highest energies. However, this
interpretation, which is based on extrapolations of the Standard Model (SM) to
ultra-LHC energies, is strained from both astrophysical and particle
phenomenology perspectives. We consider the alternative that after some energy
threshold, the first collision of the primary in the atmosphere results in a
state, the decay of which leads to a considerably increased shower particle
multiplicity, so that light-primary EAS appear heavy-like. We show that a
minimal implementation of such a model yields predictions for the average EAS
depth and shower-to-shower fluctuations that are consistent with each other,
and an excellent fit to Auger data. If such an effect indeed takes place, we
predict that: (a) the center-of-momentum (CM) energy threshold for the effect
is of order 50 TeV; (b) the probability with which the effect occurs is high,
and it will be detected easily by next-generation accelerators; (c) the
increase in multiplicity compared to the SM prediction grows with CM energy
roughly as $\sim E_{\rm CM}$; (d) the cosmic-ray composition at the highest
energies is light. Remarkably, if the latter is confirmed electromagnetically
this would necessitate the existence of new physics by these energies.
| astro-ph.HE hep-ph | the latest observations of extensive air showers eas induced by ultrahighenergy cosmic rays uhecr appear to indicate prima facie a transition to heavy primaries at the highest energies however this interpretation which is based on extrapolations of the standard model sm to ultralhc energies is strained from both astrophysical and particle phenomenology perspectives we consider the alternative that after some energy threshold the first collision of the primary in the atmosphere results in a state the decay of which leads to a considerably increased shower particle multiplicity so that lightprimary eas appear heavylike we show that a minimal implementation of such a model yields predictions for the average eas depth and showertoshower fluctuations that are consistent with each other and an excellent fit to auger data if such an effect indeed takes place we predict that a the centerofmomentum cm energy threshold for the effect is of order 50 tev b the probability with which the effect occurs is high and it will be detected easily by nextgeneration accelerators c the increase in multiplicity compared to the sm prediction grows with cm energy roughly as sim e_rm cm d the cosmicray composition at the highest energies is light remarkably if the latter is confirmed electromagnetically this would necessitate the existence of new physics by these energies | [['the', 'latest', 'observations', 'of', 'extensive', 'air', 'showers', 'eas', 'induced', 'by', 'ultrahighenergy', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'uhecr', 'appear', 'to', 'indicate', 'prima', 'facie', 'a', 'transition', 'to', 'heavy', 'primaries', 'at', 'the', 'highest', 'energies', 'however', 'this', 'interpretation', 'which', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'extrapolations', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'sm', 'to', 'ultralhc', 'energies', 'is', 'strained', 'from', 'both', 'astrophysical', 'and', 'particle', 'phenomenology', 'perspectives', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'alternative', 'that', 'after', 'some', 'energy', 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1,802.04807 | The SAMI Galaxy Survey: gravitational potential and surface density
drive stellar populations -- I. early-type galaxies | The well-established correlations between the mass of a galaxy and the
properties of its stars are considered evidence for mass driving the evolution
of the stellar population. However, for early-type galaxies (ETGs), we find
that $g-i$ color and stellar metallicity [Z/H] correlate more strongly with
gravitational potential $\Phi$ than with mass $M$, whereas stellar population
age correlates best with surface density $\Sigma$. Specifically, for our sample
of 625 ETGs with integral-field spectroscopy from the SAMI Galaxy Survey,
compared to correlations with mass, the color--$\Phi$, [Z/H]--$\Phi$, and
age--$\Sigma$ relations show both smaller scatter and less residual trend with
galaxy size. For the star formation duration proxy [$\alpha$/Fe], we find
comparable results for trends with $\Phi$ and $\Sigma$, with both being
significantly stronger than the [$\alpha$/Fe]-$M$ relation. In determining the
strength of a trend, we analyze both the overall scatter, and the observational
uncertainty on the parameters, in order to compare the intrinsic scatter in
each correlation. These results lead us to the following inferences and
interpretations: (1) the color--$\Phi$ diagram is a more precise tool for
determining the developmental stage of the stellar population than the
conventional color--mass diagram; and (2) gravitational potential is the
primary regulator of global stellar metallicity, via its relation to the gas
escape velocity. Furthermore, we propose the following two mechanisms for the
age and [$\alpha$/Fe] relations with $\Sigma$: (a) the age--$\Sigma$ and
[$\alpha$/Fe]--$\Sigma$ correlations arise as results of compactness driven
quenching mechanisms; and/or (b) as fossil records of the
$\Sigma_{SFR}\propto\Sigma_{gas}$ relation in their disk-dominated progenitors.
| astro-ph.GA | the wellestablished correlations between the mass of a galaxy and the properties of its stars are considered evidence for mass driving the evolution of the stellar population however for earlytype galaxies etgs we find that gi color and stellar metallicity zh correlate more strongly with gravitational potential phi than with mass m whereas stellar population age correlates best with surface density sigma specifically for our sample of 625 etgs with integralfield spectroscopy from the sami galaxy survey compared to correlations with mass the colorphi zhphi and agesigma relations show both smaller scatter and less residual trend with galaxy size for the star formation duration proxy alphafe we find comparable results for trends with phi and sigma with both being significantly stronger than the alphafem relation in determining the strength of a trend we analyze both the overall scatter and the observational uncertainty on the parameters in order to compare the intrinsic scatter in each correlation these results lead us to the following inferences and interpretations 1 the colorphi diagram is a more precise tool for determining the developmental stage of the stellar population than the conventional colormass diagram and 2 gravitational potential is the primary regulator of global stellar metallicity via its relation to the gas escape velocity furthermore we propose the following two mechanisms for the age and alphafe relations with sigma a the agesigma and alphafesigma correlations arise as results of compactness driven quenching mechanisms andor b as fossil records of the sigma_sfrproptosigma_gas relation in their diskdominated progenitors | [['the', 'wellestablished', 'correlations', 'between', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'a', 'galaxy', 'and', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'its', 'stars', 'are', 'considered', 'evidence', 'for', 'mass', 'driving', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'population', 'however', 'for', 'earlytype', 'galaxies', 'etgs', 'we', 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1,802.04808 | Acoustic Disturbances in Galaxy Clusters | Galaxy cluster cores are pervaded by hot gas which radiates at far too high a
rate to maintain any semblance of a steady state; this is referred to as the
cooling flow problem. Of the many heating mechanisms that have been proposed to
balance radiative cooling, one of the most attractive is dissipation of
acoustic waves generated by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Fabian (2005) showed
that if the waves are nearly adiabatic, wave damping due to heat conduction and
viscosity must be well below standard Coulomb rates in order to allow the waves
to propagate throughout the core. Because of the importance of this result, we
have revisited wave dissipation under galaxy cluster conditions in a way that
accounts for the self limiting nature of dissipation by electron thermal
conduction, allows the electron and ion temperature perturbations in the waves
to evolve separately, and estimates kinetic effects by comparing to a
semi-collisionless theory. While these effects considerably enlarge the toolkit
for analyzing observations of wavelike structures and developing a quantitative
theory for wave heating, the drastic reduction of transport coefficients
proposed in Fabian (2005) remains the most viable path to acoustic wave heating
of galaxy cluster cores.
| astro-ph.HE | galaxy cluster cores are pervaded by hot gas which radiates at far too high a rate to maintain any semblance of a steady state this is referred to as the cooling flow problem of the many heating mechanisms that have been proposed to balance radiative cooling one of the most attractive is dissipation of acoustic waves generated by active galactic nuclei agn fabian 2005 showed that if the waves are nearly adiabatic wave damping due to heat conduction and viscosity must be well below standard coulomb rates in order to allow the waves to propagate throughout the core because of the importance of this result we have revisited wave dissipation under galaxy cluster conditions in a way that accounts for the self limiting nature of dissipation by electron thermal conduction allows the electron and ion temperature perturbations in the waves to evolve separately and estimates kinetic effects by comparing to a semicollisionless theory while these effects considerably enlarge the toolkit for analyzing observations of wavelike structures and developing a quantitative theory for wave heating the drastic reduction of transport coefficients proposed in fabian 2005 remains the most viable path to acoustic wave heating of galaxy cluster cores | [['galaxy', 'cluster', 'cores', 'are', 'pervaded', 'by', 'hot', 'gas', 'which', 'radiates', 'at', 'far', 'too', 'high', 'a', 'rate', 'to', 'maintain', 'any', 'semblance', 'of', 'a', 'steady', 'state', 'this', 'is', 'referred', 'to', 'as', 'the', 'cooling', 'flow', 'problem', 'of', 'the', 'many', 'heating', 'mechanisms', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'proposed', 'to', 'balance', 'radiative', 'cooling', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'attractive', 'is', 'dissipation', 'of', 'acoustic', 'waves', 'generated', 'by', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'fabian', '2005', 'showed', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'waves', 'are', 'nearly', 'adiabatic', 'wave', 'damping', 'due', 'to', 'heat', 'conduction', 'and', 'viscosity', 'must', 'be', 'well', 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1,802.04809 | Fermionized parafermions and symmetry-enriched Majorana modes | Parafermion zero modes are generalizations of Majorana modes that underlie
comparatively rich non-Abelian-anyon properties. We introduce exact mappings
that connect parafermion chains, which can emerge in two-dimensional
fractionalized media, to strictly one-dimensional fermionic systems. In
particular, we show that parafermion zero modes in the former setting translate
into 'symmetry-enriched Majorana modes' that intertwine with a bulk order
parameter---yielding braiding and fusion properties that are impossible in
standard Majorana platforms. Fusion characteristics of symmetry-enriched
Majorana modes are directly inherited from the associated parafermion setup and
can be probed via two kinds of anomalous pumping cycles that we construct. Most
notably, our mappings relate $\mathbb{Z}_4$ parafermions to conventional
electrons with time-reversal symmetry. In this case, one of our pumping
protocols entails fairly minimal experimental requirements: Cycling a weakly
correlated wire between a trivial phase and time-reversal-invariant topological
superconducting state produces an edge magnetization with quadrupled
periodicity. Our work highlights new avenues for exploring 'beyond-Majorana'
physics in experimentally relevant one-dimensional electronic platforms.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall | parafermion zero modes are generalizations of majorana modes that underlie comparatively rich nonabeliananyon properties we introduce exact mappings that connect parafermion chains which can emerge in twodimensional fractionalized media to strictly onedimensional fermionic systems in particular we show that parafermion zero modes in the former setting translate into symmetryenriched majorana modes that intertwine with a bulk order parameteryielding braiding and fusion properties that are impossible in standard majorana platforms fusion characteristics of symmetryenriched majorana modes are directly inherited from the associated parafermion setup and can be probed via two kinds of anomalous pumping cycles that we construct most notably our mappings relate mathbbz_4 parafermions to conventional electrons with timereversal symmetry in this case one of our pumping protocols entails fairly minimal experimental requirements cycling a weakly correlated wire between a trivial phase and timereversalinvariant topological superconducting state produces an edge magnetization with quadrupled periodicity our work highlights new avenues for exploring beyondmajorana physics in experimentally relevant onedimensional electronic platforms | [['parafermion', 'zero', 'modes', 'are', 'generalizations', 'of', 'majorana', 'modes', 'that', 'underlie', 'comparatively', 'rich', 'nonabeliananyon', 'properties', 'we', 'introduce', 'exact', 'mappings', 'that', 'connect', 'parafermion', 'chains', 'which', 'can', 'emerge', 'in', 'twodimensional', 'fractionalized', 'media', 'to', 'strictly', 'onedimensional', 'fermionic', 'systems', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'parafermion', 'zero', 'modes', 'in', 'the', 'former', 'setting', 'translate', 'into', 'symmetryenriched', 'majorana', 'modes', 'that', 'intertwine', 'with', 'a', 'bulk', 'order', 'parameteryielding', 'braiding', 'and', 'fusion', 'properties', 'that', 'are', 'impossible', 'in', 'standard', 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1,802.0481 | The Hall Number of Strongly Correlated Metals | An exact formula for the temperature dependent Hall number of metals is
derived. It is valid for non-relativistic fermions or bosons, with arbitrary
potential and interaction. This DC transport coefficient is proven to
(remarkably) depend solely on equilibrium susceptibilities, which are more
amenable to numerical algorithms than the conductivity. An application to
strongly correlated phases is demonstrated by calculating the Hall sign in the
vicinity of Mott phases of lattice bosons.
| cond-mat.str-el | an exact formula for the temperature dependent hall number of metals is derived it is valid for nonrelativistic fermions or bosons with arbitrary potential and interaction this dc transport coefficient is proven to remarkably depend solely on equilibrium susceptibilities which are more amenable to numerical algorithms than the conductivity an application to strongly correlated phases is demonstrated by calculating the hall sign in the vicinity of mott phases of lattice bosons | [['an', 'exact', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'temperature', 'dependent', 'hall', 'number', 'of', 'metals', 'is', 'derived', 'it', 'is', 'valid', 'for', 'nonrelativistic', 'fermions', 'or', 'bosons', 'with', 'arbitrary', 'potential', 'and', 'interaction', 'this', 'dc', 'transport', 'coefficient', 'is', 'proven', 'to', 'remarkably', 'depend', 'solely', 'on', 'equilibrium', 'susceptibilities', 'which', 'are', 'more', 'amenable', 'to', 'numerical', 'algorithms', 'than', 'the', 'conductivity', 'an', 'application', 'to', 'strongly', 'correlated', 'phases', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'by', 'calculating', 'the', 'hall', 'sign', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'mott', 'phases', 'of', 'lattice', 'bosons']] | [-0.1620026011934871, 0.2431606478783348, -0.06201624933590876, 0.02653190286167648, -0.05483412918385486, -0.21180381133995005, 0.03339241297495827, 0.360866519399512, -0.22972682416176712, -0.2490637948290563, 0.05600966494628819, -0.3032862310770007, -0.11808820570241922, 0.22280965755614912, 0.04314277300112684, 0.04642182067823662, -0.04364450548736142, -0.000320801583551605, -0.10626246234480764, -0.2744329181749006, 0.2824750021624733, 0.01790140682674, 0.29982181204299274, 0.12005636825318068, 0.03912623008896767, 0.0338485757689136, 0.04817510792382167, 0.0622089649681789, -0.10588281306529969, 0.034354278686600674, 0.21920762573201602, -0.1083679620609422, 0.12262253679702399, -0.39740739921501406, -0.17049179363890854, 0.051042451490451335, 0.15017770219620474, 0.14382806171590962, -0.049465220702958, -0.27286766950224695, 0.022737271342636416, -0.17652628825269115, -0.15149037282205594, -0.13656066574523568, 0.0748284699159189, -0.034863222016572534, -0.3150813809373009, 0.1399860750509977, 0.007998894362277548, 0.07953164416273505, -0.061381133971735835, -0.1545053988065518, -0.04373911907240539, 0.06390795198475785, 0.06283054513935472, 0.023570996689492127, 0.16442648531921522, -0.18911923143133835, -0.11922286301982445, 0.41496552247554064, -0.0450360059361449, -0.18906028453313128, 0.21671481325264863, -0.1678575352297499, -0.04347294035144675, 0.1657741516828537, 0.1024916034559129, 0.12278402397986239, -0.15067454363206323, 0.09330002659469397, -0.04161295175394961, 0.15138425704249195, -0.01925837714880915, 0.037654411054255675, 0.23581076905616677, 0.12249419093132019, 0.06603414452024801, 0.13616752468252843, -0.0097837943262355, -0.10313407843276648, -0.24262514348391076, -0.16185244532715215, -0.28490650249828753, 0.06066978933997977, -0.0752397382065808, -0.21999698250823405, 0.3590197907367223, 0.17859967331349536, 0.14157010301370437, 0.010066212930480465, 0.27088812953779395, 0.2382420219454757, 0.029896838902036697, 0.07399294596217887, 0.24765581983587587, 0.19885472923477876, 0.07495218807254249, -0.29363161992465314, 0.07124156471420552, 0.10802358625010705] |
1,802.04811 | One-proton emission from the $^6_{\Lambda}$Li hypernucleus | One-proton (1p) radioactive emission under the influence of the
$\Lambda^0$-hyperon inclusion is discussed. I investigate the hyper-1p emitter,
$^6_{\Lambda}$Li, with a time-dependent three-body model. Two-body interactions
for $\alpha$-proton and $\alpha$-$\Lambda^0$ subsystems are determined
consistently to their resonant and bound energies, respectively. For a
proton-$\Lambda^0$ subsystem, a contact interaction, which can be linked to the
vacuum-scattering length of the proton-$\Lambda^0$ scattering, is employed. A
noticeable sensitivity of the 1p-emission observables to the scattering length
of the proton-$\Lambda^0$ interaction is shown. The $\Lambda^0$-hyperon
inclusion leads to a remarkable fall of the 1p-resonance energy and width from
the hyperon-less $\alpha$-proton resonance. For some empirical values of the
proton-$\Lambda^0$ scattering length, the 1p-resonance width is suggested to be
of the order of $0.1-0.01$ MeV. Thus, the 1p emission from $^6_{\Lambda}$Li may
occur in the timescale of $10^{-20}-10^{-21}$ seconds, which is sufficiently
shorter than the self-decay lifetime of $\Lambda^0$, $10^{-10}$ seconds. By
taking the spin-dependence of the proton-$\Lambda^0$ interaction into account,
a remarkable split of the $J^{\pi}=1^-$ and $2^-$ 1p-resonance states is
predicted. It is also suggested that, if the spin-singlet proton-$\Lambda^0$
interaction is sufficiently attractive, the 1p emission from the $1^-$ ground
state is forbidden. From these results, I conclude that the 1p emission can be
a suitable phenomenon to investigate the basic properties of the hypernuclear
interaction, for which a direct measurement is still difficult.
| nucl-th nucl-ex | oneproton 1p radioactive emission under the influence of the lambda0hyperon inclusion is discussed i investigate the hyper1p emitter 6_lambdali with a timedependent threebody model twobody interactions for alphaproton and alphalambda0 subsystems are determined consistently to their resonant and bound energies respectively for a protonlambda0 subsystem a contact interaction which can be linked to the vacuumscattering length of the protonlambda0 scattering is employed a noticeable sensitivity of the 1pemission observables to the scattering length of the protonlambda0 interaction is shown the lambda0hyperon inclusion leads to a remarkable fall of the 1presonance energy and width from the hyperonless alphaproton resonance for some empirical values of the protonlambda0 scattering length the 1presonance width is suggested to be of the order of 01001 mev thus the 1p emission from 6_lambdali may occur in the timescale of 10201021 seconds which is sufficiently shorter than the selfdecay lifetime of lambda0 1010 seconds by taking the spindependence of the protonlambda0 interaction into account a remarkable split of the jpi1 and 2 1presonance states is predicted it is also suggested that if the spinsinglet protonlambda0 interaction is sufficiently attractive the 1p emission from the 1 ground state is forbidden from these results i conclude that the 1p emission can be a suitable phenomenon to investigate the basic properties of the hypernuclear interaction for which a direct measurement is still difficult | [['oneproton', '1p', 'radioactive', 'emission', 'under', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'the', 'lambda0hyperon', 'inclusion', 'is', 'discussed', 'i', 'investigate', 'the', 'hyper1p', 'emitter', '6_lambdali', 'with', 'a', 'timedependent', 'threebody', 'model', 'twobody', 'interactions', 'for', 'alphaproton', 'and', 'alphalambda0', 'subsystems', 'are', 'determined', 'consistently', 'to', 'their', 'resonant', 'and', 'bound', 'energies', 'respectively', 'for', 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1,802.04812 | Broadband radio polarimetry of Fornax A, I: Depolarized patches
generated by advected thermal material from NGC 1316 | We present observations and analysis of the polarized radio emission from the
nearby radio galaxy Fornax A over 1.28--3.1 GHz, using data from the Australia
Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). In this, the first of two associated papers, we
use modern broadband polarimetric techniques to examine the nature and origin
of conspicuous low-polarization (low-$p$) patches in the lobes. We resolve the
low-$p$ patches, and find that their low fractional polarization is associated
with complicated frequency-dependent interference in the polarized signal
generated by Faraday effects along the line of sight. The low-$p$ patches are
spatially correlated with interfaces in the magnetic structure of the lobe,
across which the line-of-sight-projected magnetic field changes direction.
Spatial correlations with the sky-projected magnetic field orientation and
structure in total intensity are also identified and discussed. We argue that
the low-$p$ patches, along with associated reversals in the line-of-sight
magnetic field and other related phenomena, are best explained by the presence
of $\mathcal{O}(10^9)$ $M_\odot$ of magnetized thermal plasma in the lobes,
structured in shells or filaments, and likely advected from the ISM of NCG 1316
or its surrounding ICM. Our study underscores the power and utility of
spatially-resolved, broadband, full-polarization radio observations to reveal
new facets of flow behaviors and magneto-ionic structure in radio lobes and
their interplay with the surrounding environment.
| astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA | we present observations and analysis of the polarized radio emission from the nearby radio galaxy fornax a over 12831 ghz using data from the australia telescope compact array atca in this the first of two associated papers we use modern broadband polarimetric techniques to examine the nature and origin of conspicuous lowpolarization lowp patches in the lobes we resolve the lowp patches and find that their low fractional polarization is associated with complicated frequencydependent interference in the polarized signal generated by faraday effects along the line of sight the lowp patches are spatially correlated with interfaces in the magnetic structure of the lobe across which the lineofsightprojected magnetic field changes direction spatial correlations with the skyprojected magnetic field orientation and structure in total intensity are also identified and discussed we argue that the lowp patches along with associated reversals in the lineofsight magnetic field and other related phenomena are best explained by the presence of mathcalo109 m_odot of magnetized thermal plasma in the lobes structured in shells or filaments and likely advected from the ism of ncg 1316 or its surrounding icm our study underscores the power and utility of spatiallyresolved broadband fullpolarization radio observations to reveal new facets of flow behaviors and magnetoionic structure in radio lobes and their interplay with the surrounding environment | [['we', 'present', 'observations', 'and', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'polarized', 'radio', 'emission', 'from', 'the', 'nearby', 'radio', 'galaxy', 'fornax', 'a', 'over', '12831', 'ghz', 'using', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'australia', 'telescope', 'compact', 'array', 'atca', 'in', 'this', 'the', 'first', 'of', 'two', 'associated', 'papers', 'we', 'use', 'modern', 'broadband', 'polarimetric', 'techniques', 'to', 'examine', 'the', 'nature', 'and', 'origin', 'of', 'conspicuous', 'lowpolarization', 'lowp', 'patches', 'in', 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1,802.04813 | Neutron Star Mergers Chirp About Vacuum Energy | Observations of gravitational waves from neutron star mergers open up novel
directions for exploring fundamental physics: they offer the first access to
the structure of objects with a non-negligible contribution from vacuum energy
to their total mass. The presence of such vacuum energy in the inner cores of
neutron stars occurs in new QCD phases at large densities, with the vacuum
energy appearing in the equation of state for a new phase. This in turn leads
to a change in the internal structure of neutron stars and influences their
tidal deformabilities which are measurable in the chirp signals of merging
neutron stars. By considering three commonly used neutron star models we show
that for large chirp masses the effect of vacuum energy on the tidal
deformabilities can be sizable. Measurements of this sort have the potential to
provide a first test of the gravitational properties of vacuum energy
independent from the acceleration of the Universe, and to determine the size of
QCD contributions to the vacuum energy.
| astro-ph.HE hep-ph nucl-th | observations of gravitational waves from neutron star mergers open up novel directions for exploring fundamental physics they offer the first access to the structure of objects with a nonnegligible contribution from vacuum energy to their total mass the presence of such vacuum energy in the inner cores of neutron stars occurs in new qcd phases at large densities with the vacuum energy appearing in the equation of state for a new phase this in turn leads to a change in the internal structure of neutron stars and influences their tidal deformabilities which are measurable in the chirp signals of merging neutron stars by considering three commonly used neutron star models we show that for large chirp masses the effect of vacuum energy on the tidal deformabilities can be sizable measurements of this sort have the potential to provide a first test of the gravitational properties of vacuum energy independent from the acceleration of the universe and to determine the size of qcd contributions to the vacuum energy | [['observations', 'of', 'gravitational', 'waves', 'from', 'neutron', 'star', 'mergers', 'open', 'up', 'novel', 'directions', 'for', 'exploring', 'fundamental', 'physics', 'they', 'offer', 'the', 'first', 'access', 'to', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'objects', 'with', 'a', 'nonnegligible', 'contribution', 'from', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'to', 'their', 'total', 'mass', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'such', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'inner', 'cores', 'of', 'neutron', 'stars', 'occurs', 'in', 'new', 'qcd', 'phases', 'at', 'large', 'densities', 'with', 'the', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'appearing', 'in', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'for', 'a', 'new', 'phase', 'this', 'in', 'turn', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'change', 'in', 'the', 'internal', 'structure', 'of', 'neutron', 'stars', 'and', 'influences', 'their', 'tidal', 'deformabilities', 'which', 'are', 'measurable', 'in', 'the', 'chirp', 'signals', 'of', 'merging', 'neutron', 'stars', 'by', 'considering', 'three', 'commonly', 'used', 'neutron', 'star', 'models', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'large', 'chirp', 'masses', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'on', 'the', 'tidal', 'deformabilities', 'can', 'be', 'sizable', 'measurements', 'of', 'this', 'sort', 'have', 'the', 'potential', 'to', 'provide', 'a', 'first', 'test', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'properties', 'of', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'independent', 'from', 'the', 'acceleration', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'and', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'qcd', 'contributions', 'to', 'the', 'vacuum', 'energy']] | [-0.11946261348760502, 0.20771754084400343, -0.09397471843086584, 0.09254602190458444, -0.09196885038323388, 0.017837610976870904, 0.054473921107992665, 0.30728717223032864, -0.2279525890480727, -0.3460399984287288, 0.028526516680042455, -0.2593164858561634, -0.009794589848687014, 0.19683247219637304, 0.012581206247500495, 0.014998972337849126, 0.06319945046265503, 0.036245196788818546, -0.0958595865142593, -0.20231787663045156, 0.38536704643239117, 0.07590162274734435, 0.18965114019588084, 0.04769459533544179, 0.0794843085455948, -0.05838645421997449, -0.01776839336268827, -0.024706339076005234, -0.14066738168128473, 0.04570988855118344, 0.222270830607877, 0.09969782715967074, 0.20096277261712633, -0.4368655785115179, -0.20500600985446554, 0.10368201344045336, 0.09338518289826855, 0.13308290001297715, -0.09433181694929048, -0.27023863834384715, 0.07930995182351705, -0.20464082244605183, -0.156352434800882, -0.04069749849519419, 0.010935054796407679, 0.054799804140529235, -0.24351528967649838, 0.11215578218640392, 0.021692172971325453, -0.05766551539407831, -0.11602136929670048, -0.11739298434297883, -0.014993840513449765, 0.10675324613931114, 0.10228023749516864, 0.04427517433706559, 0.1424103613418644, -0.18029587843572487, -0.08415761322597276, 0.41790261755357244, -0.07377888308419751, -0.11650070311602004, 0.16616271430079987, -0.21250292682655303, -0.12670161683268533, 0.16058118103077623, 0.20887969162672043, 0.1295162860562392, -0.15092189654967228, 0.039265168891399874, 0.0440994665684725, 0.16251617513560762, 0.10517051661230936, 0.09045322242745026, 0.35503766285311317, 0.15503953055974967, 0.011860039817102387, 0.11327616757124907, -0.1393691943623795, -0.05108081898791437, -0.3010025344531799, -0.12450586909060171, -0.15999546705628048, 0.067616199857059, -0.11918160279994569, -0.1617398019991592, 0.3764558515963172, 0.111807960243812, 0.17077389749953478, -0.03226905134241626, 0.292420379633452, 0.10091861452130757, 0.11051321093517238, 0.06627157057250688, 0.35046227627662485, 0.1677469297125378, 0.10521023949987428, -0.28946466753984285, 0.022535142960015707, -0.009250079092017548] |
1,802.04814 | $\Delta L = 3$ processes: Proton decay and LHC | We discuss lepton number violation in three units. From an effective field
theory point of view, $\Delta L=3$ processes can only arise from dimension 9 or
higher operators. These operators also violate baryon number, hence many of
them will induce proton decay. Given the high dimensionality of these
operators, in order to have a proton half-life in the observable range, the new
physics associated to $\Delta L=3$ processes should be at a scale as low as 1
TeV. This opens up the possibility of searching for such processes not only in
proton decay experiments but also at the LHC. In this work we analyze the
relevant $d=9,11,13$ operators which violate lepton number in three units. We
then construct one simple concrete model with interesting low- and high-energy
phenomenology.
| hep-ph hep-ex | we discuss lepton number violation in three units from an effective field theory point of view delta l3 processes can only arise from dimension 9 or higher operators these operators also violate baryon number hence many of them will induce proton decay given the high dimensionality of these operators in order to have a proton halflife in the observable range the new physics associated to delta l3 processes should be at a scale as low as 1 tev this opens up the possibility of searching for such processes not only in proton decay experiments but also at the lhc in this work we analyze the relevant d91113 operators which violate lepton number in three units we then construct one simple concrete model with interesting low and highenergy phenomenology | [['we', 'discuss', 'lepton', 'number', 'violation', 'in', 'three', 'units', 'from', 'an', 'effective', 'field', 'theory', 'point', 'of', 'view', 'delta', 'l3', 'processes', 'can', 'only', 'arise', 'from', 'dimension', '9', 'or', 'higher', 'operators', 'these', 'operators', 'also', 'violate', 'baryon', 'number', 'hence', 'many', 'of', 'them', 'will', 'induce', 'proton', 'decay', 'given', 'the', 'high', 'dimensionality', 'of', 'these', 'operators', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'have', 'a', 'proton', 'halflife', 'in', 'the', 'observable', 'range', 'the', 'new', 'physics', 'associated', 'to', 'delta', 'l3', 'processes', 'should', 'be', 'at', 'a', 'scale', 'as', 'low', 'as', '1', 'tev', 'this', 'opens', 'up', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'searching', 'for', 'such', 'processes', 'not', 'only', 'in', 'proton', 'decay', 'experiments', 'but', 'also', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'analyze', 'the', 'relevant', 'd91113', 'operators', 'which', 'violate', 'lepton', 'number', 'in', 'three', 'units', 'we', 'then', 'construct', 'one', 'simple', 'concrete', 'model', 'with', 'interesting', 'low', 'and', 'highenergy', 'phenomenology']] | [-0.07074766040882316, 0.25649535239916604, -0.020069910341683102, 0.14540648717601878, -0.057237729686862374, -0.1493444060013028, 0.05033801255773342, 0.30801690321444997, -0.28129224744295395, -0.33923868643574595, 0.06992411086753773, -0.31578534907536715, -0.0635799690558553, 0.1916353663202287, 0.021600734497471824, 0.052231568406798004, 0.012096356336526044, 0.03848017535839728, -0.06697140442295454, -0.2043139807527929, 0.3116666107497171, 0.05822487577326654, 0.20202141691468598, 0.10090104253236415, 0.05307759098547298, -0.032289346164884415, -0.024755586331020894, -0.013588233080905253, -0.08232484808041325, 0.0830824309785843, 0.24933612323182774, 0.11059569783222781, 0.19719165295553137, -0.43560642954402085, -0.16573198627328545, 0.18029533460824274, 0.15958561281138284, 0.11562510350752093, -0.05126701739404028, -0.2367947765948676, 0.09375562312770781, -0.2013177951416514, -0.1591143538574065, -0.1217993391094744, 0.008921835044450236, -0.020045970471238527, -0.2772858483372183, 0.05539347799371114, -0.0006755549849311668, 0.0419406809470081, -0.018078399955947684, -0.15155502114312971, 0.016072210635784574, 0.07387420378981055, 0.10167127303086133, 0.016605622846427866, 0.11284042248781037, -0.13871793601089927, -0.14660353334913925, 0.35940078472513265, -0.03237714375805579, -0.1643724782964376, 0.19761203016763126, -0.23100283989814793, -0.21979881822329572, 0.11277957768069477, 0.21769636583617177, 0.08864577124298616, -0.15670748912237994, 0.11691109366040295, -0.018759849675615708, 0.1451726147557121, 0.08998835835363862, 0.11650222913164088, 0.210188205155918, 0.17241753852654865, 0.07645173306626407, 0.053266161611839016, -0.08274992816512268, -0.025409295359318417, -0.4066002984039896, -0.13148162624703383, -0.10780369332353548, 0.07450094311974767, -0.0854690987982294, -0.08392055290494496, 0.38317940908110165, 0.15703779779095936, 0.2588048073441142, -0.007267221184190744, 0.23156150070378395, 0.13113442971371114, 0.1162259093099975, 0.04652692852761802, 0.2455751701023459, 0.0859888159765268, 0.12056411655003747, -0.18412136763158277, -0.015582784761007376, 0.053922633812799464] |
1,802.04815 | The Dirac-Weyl semimetal: Coexistence of Dirac and Weyl fermions in
polar hexagonal $ABC$ crystals | We propose that the noncentrosymmetric LiGaGe-type hexagonal $ABC$ crystal
SrHgPb realizes a new type of topological semimetal that hosts both Dirac and
Weyl points in momentum space. The symmetry-protected Dirac points arise due to
a band inversion and are located on the sixfold rotation $z$-axis, whereas the
six pairs of Weyl points related by sixfold symmetry are located on the
perpendicular $k_z=0$ plane. By studying the electronic structure as a function
of the buckling of the HgPb layer, which is the origin of inversion symmetry
breaking, we establish that the coexistence of Dirac and Weyl fermions defines
a phase separating two topologically distinct Dirac semimetals. These two Dirac
semimetals are distinguished by the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index of the $k_z=0$ plane
and the corresponding presence or absence of 2D Dirac fermions on side
surfaces. We formalize our first-principles calculations by deriving and
studying a low-energy model Hamiltonian describing the Dirac-Weyl semimetal
phase. We conclude by proposing several other materials in the
non-centrosymmetric $ABC $ material class, in particular SrHgSn and CaHgSn, as
candidates for realizing the Dirac-Weyl semimetal.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall | we propose that the noncentrosymmetric ligagetype hexagonal abc crystal srhgpb realizes a new type of topological semimetal that hosts both dirac and weyl points in momentum space the symmetryprotected dirac points arise due to a band inversion and are located on the sixfold rotation zaxis whereas the six pairs of weyl points related by sixfold symmetry are located on the perpendicular k_z0 plane by studying the electronic structure as a function of the buckling of the hgpb layer which is the origin of inversion symmetry breaking we establish that the coexistence of dirac and weyl fermions defines a phase separating two topologically distinct dirac semimetals these two dirac semimetals are distinguished by the mathbbz_2 index of the k_z0 plane and the corresponding presence or absence of 2d dirac fermions on side surfaces we formalize our firstprinciples calculations by deriving and studying a lowenergy model hamiltonian describing the diracweyl semimetal phase we conclude by proposing several other materials in the noncentrosymmetric abc material class in particular srhgsn and cahgsn as candidates for realizing the diracweyl semimetal | [['we', 'propose', 'that', 'the', 'noncentrosymmetric', 'ligagetype', 'hexagonal', 'abc', 'crystal', 'srhgpb', 'realizes', 'a', 'new', 'type', 'of', 'topological', 'semimetal', 'that', 'hosts', 'both', 'dirac', 'and', 'weyl', 'points', 'in', 'momentum', 'space', 'the', 'symmetryprotected', 'dirac', 'points', 'arise', 'due', 'to', 'a', 'band', 'inversion', 'and', 'are', 'located', 'on', 'the', 'sixfold', 'rotation', 'zaxis', 'whereas', 'the', 'six', 'pairs', 'of', 'weyl', 'points', 'related', 'by', 'sixfold', 'symmetry', 'are', 'located', 'on', 'the', 'perpendicular', 'k_z0', 'plane', 'by', 'studying', 'the', 'electronic', 'structure', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'buckling', 'of', 'the', 'hgpb', 'layer', 'which', 'is', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'inversion', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'we', 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1,802.04816 | Cosmic Curvature Tested Directly from Observations | Cosmic spatial curvature is a fundamental geometric quantity of the Universe.
We investigate a model independent, geometric approach to measure spatial
curvature directly from observations, without any derivatives of data. This
employs strong lensing time delays and supernova distance measurements to
measure the curvature itself, rather than just testing consistency with
flatness. We define two curvature estimators, with differing error propagation
characteristics, that can crosscheck each other, and also show how they can be
used to map the curvature in redshift slices, to test constancy of curvature as
required by the Robertson-Walker metric. Simulating realizations of redshift
distributions and distance measurements of lenses and sources, we estimate
uncertainties on the curvature enabled by next generation measurements. The
results indicate that the model independent methods, using only geometry
without assuming forms for the energy density constituents, can determine the
curvature at the $\sim6\times10^{-3}$ level.
| astro-ph.CO | cosmic spatial curvature is a fundamental geometric quantity of the universe we investigate a model independent geometric approach to measure spatial curvature directly from observations without any derivatives of data this employs strong lensing time delays and supernova distance measurements to measure the curvature itself rather than just testing consistency with flatness we define two curvature estimators with differing error propagation characteristics that can crosscheck each other and also show how they can be used to map the curvature in redshift slices to test constancy of curvature as required by the robertsonwalker metric simulating realizations of redshift distributions and distance measurements of lenses and sources we estimate uncertainties on the curvature enabled by next generation measurements the results indicate that the model independent methods using only geometry without assuming forms for the energy density constituents can determine the curvature at the sim6times103 level | [['cosmic', 'spatial', 'curvature', 'is', 'a', 'fundamental', 'geometric', 'quantity', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'we', 'investigate', 'a', 'model', 'independent', 'geometric', 'approach', 'to', 'measure', 'spatial', 'curvature', 'directly', 'from', 'observations', 'without', 'any', 'derivatives', 'of', 'data', 'this', 'employs', 'strong', 'lensing', 'time', 'delays', 'and', 'supernova', 'distance', 'measurements', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'curvature', 'itself', 'rather', 'than', 'just', 'testing', 'consistency', 'with', 'flatness', 'we', 'define', 'two', 'curvature', 'estimators', 'with', 'differing', 'error', 'propagation', 'characteristics', 'that', 'can', 'crosscheck', 'each', 'other', 'and', 'also', 'show', 'how', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'map', 'the', 'curvature', 'in', 'redshift', 'slices', 'to', 'test', 'constancy', 'of', 'curvature', 'as', 'required', 'by', 'the', 'robertsonwalker', 'metric', 'simulating', 'realizations', 'of', 'redshift', 'distributions', 'and', 'distance', 'measurements', 'of', 'lenses', 'and', 'sources', 'we', 'estimate', 'uncertainties', 'on', 'the', 'curvature', 'enabled', 'by', 'next', 'generation', 'measurements', 'the', 'results', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'model', 'independent', 'methods', 'using', 'only', 'geometry', 'without', 'assuming', 'forms', 'for', 'the', 'energy', 'density', 'constituents', 'can', 'determine', 'the', 'curvature', 'at', 'the', 'sim6times103', 'level']] | [-0.11277470458298922, 0.09347345072179246, -0.11910167874269922, 0.10430988805117676, -0.10290351312633761, -0.1140185957184245, -0.004555991062120548, 0.3990050951989604, -0.25325863895622985, -0.3284689076244831, 0.0947415852069881, -0.27149985882807787, -0.08452172281464863, 0.18264879466978912, -0.04881778476976226, 0.042199539493697265, 0.04840652319983068, 0.020042039650741597, -0.09121709739896763, -0.23640157462878178, 0.35749269682507384, 0.10588661303192796, 0.2720998140170016, 0.040287322932067264, 0.13624280030120978, -0.03164989059351542, -0.0748921621584294, 0.07294477369557593, -0.18657363327861595, 0.09760954491236627, 0.1597587456792457, 0.1430814872014387, 0.21383850176451386, -0.37701552375678865, -0.2861029776510074, 0.1386314606520308, 0.10162692453423647, 0.09767738854492897, -0.013102154202372308, -0.30455453190165505, 0.0637623963182346, -0.06533808304442906, -0.14521642159145903, -0.06140006515263042, -0.04531465537032821, 0.013923628361482488, -0.2333767978035071, 0.1319685517070392, 0.0003478879282828158, 0.01771162165014047, -0.07440994927843272, -0.0690818084764596, -0.031613175498164246, 0.11749027137526534, 0.06170359135172527, 0.023970416780851427, 0.14097552021439055, -0.10026676748702171, -0.09459490804854308, 0.3654641768383518, -0.13329168703477964, -0.21977854471958674, 0.1293015538216372, -0.17973633040407588, -0.11440762776789636, 0.07482510505565508, 0.19637319814859772, 0.08836661255426548, -0.14599655657919766, 0.05160873826481664, 0.05582361392148862, 0.20569874265749322, 0.09069848253431034, 0.04873370119719151, 0.2223895728509401, 0.06952558319464745, 0.08780894033663289, 0.06966842361618264, -0.14555103226702557, -0.038140977126165806, -0.3454523366731657, -0.1586728838770847, -0.2192095171489661, 0.08040230245408143, -0.20342109959185595, -0.12802993206423707, 0.387683284911655, 0.15241752264358785, 0.21246319167106084, 0.09758396043022438, 0.3372686064365963, 0.06727685860987805, 0.09447908419607418, 0.07449698590502983, 0.26895580790333556, 0.16166127809244668, 0.03825939181145989, -0.15775876652783857, 0.07687723661221983, 0.04581935952489697] |
1,802.04817 | vh@nnlo-v2: New physics in Higgs Strahlung | Introducing version 2 of the code vh@nnlo, we study the effects of a number
of new-physics scenarios on the Higgs-Strahlung process. In particular, the
cross section is evaluated within a general 2HDM and the MSSM. While the
Drell-Yan-like contributions are consistently taken into account by a simple
rescaling of the SM result, the gluon-initiated contribution is supplemented by
squark-loop mediated amplitudes, and by the $s$-channel exchange of additional
scalars which may lead to conspicuous interference effects. The latter holds as
well for bottom-quark initiated Higgs Strahlung, which is also included in the
new version of vh@nnlo. Using an orthogonal rotation of the three Higgs CP
eigenstates in the 2HDM and the MSSM, vh@nnlo incorporates a simple means of CP
mixing in these models. Moreover, the effect of vector-like quarks in the SM on
the gluon-initiated contribution can be studied. Beyond concrete models,
vh@nnlo allows to include the effect of higher-dimensional operators on the
production of CP-even Higgs bosons. Transverse momentum distributions of the
final state Higgs boson and invariant mass distributions of the $V\phi$ final
state for the gluon- and bottom-quark initiated contributions can be studied.
Distributions for the Drell-Yan-like component of Higgs-Strahlung can be
included through a link to MCFM. vh@nnlo can also be linked to FeynHiggs and
2HDMC for the calculation of Higgs masses and mixing angles. It can also read
these parameters from an SLHA-file as produced by standard spectrum generators.
Throughout the manuscript, we highlight new-physics effects in various
numerical examples, both at the inclusive level and for distributions.
| hep-ph | introducing version 2 of the code vhnnlo we study the effects of a number of newphysics scenarios on the higgsstrahlung process in particular the cross section is evaluated within a general 2hdm and the mssm while the drellyanlike contributions are consistently taken into account by a simple rescaling of the sm result the gluoninitiated contribution is supplemented by squarkloop mediated amplitudes and by the schannel exchange of additional scalars which may lead to conspicuous interference effects the latter holds as well for bottomquark initiated higgs strahlung which is also included in the new version of vhnnlo using an orthogonal rotation of the three higgs cp eigenstates in the 2hdm and the mssm vhnnlo incorporates a simple means of cp mixing in these models moreover the effect of vectorlike quarks in the sm on the gluoninitiated contribution can be studied beyond concrete models vhnnlo allows to include the effect of higherdimensional operators on the production of cpeven higgs bosons transverse momentum distributions of the final state higgs boson and invariant mass distributions of the vphi final state for the gluon and bottomquark initiated contributions can be studied distributions for the drellyanlike component of higgsstrahlung can be included through a link to mcfm vhnnlo can also be linked to feynhiggs and 2hdmc for the calculation of higgs masses and mixing angles it can also read these parameters from an slhafile as produced by standard spectrum generators throughout the manuscript we highlight newphysics effects in various numerical examples both at the inclusive level and for distributions | [['introducing', 'version', '2', 'of', 'the', 'code', 'vhnnlo', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'newphysics', 'scenarios', 'on', 'the', 'higgsstrahlung', 'process', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'cross', 'section', 'is', 'evaluated', 'within', 'a', 'general', '2hdm', 'and', 'the', 'mssm', 'while', 'the', 'drellyanlike', 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1,802.04818 | Story Generation and Aviation Incident Representation | This working note discusses the topic of story generation, with a view to
identifying the knowledge required to understand aviation incident narratives
(which have structural similarities to stories), following the premise that to
understand aviation incidents, one should at least be able to generate examples
of them. We give a brief overview of aviation incidents and their relation to
stories, and then describe two of our earlier attempts (using `scripts' and
`story grammars') at incident generation which did not evolve promisingly.
Following this, we describe a simple incident generator which did work (at a
`toy' level), using a `world simulation' approach. This generator is based on
Meehan's TALE-SPIN story generator (1977). We conclude with a critique of the
approach.
| cs.AI | this working note discusses the topic of story generation with a view to identifying the knowledge required to understand aviation incident narratives which have structural similarities to stories following the premise that to understand aviation incidents one should at least be able to generate examples of them we give a brief overview of aviation incidents and their relation to stories and then describe two of our earlier attempts using scripts and story grammars at incident generation which did not evolve promisingly following this we describe a simple incident generator which did work at a toy level using a world simulation approach this generator is based on meehans talespin story generator 1977 we conclude with a critique of the approach | [['this', 'working', 'note', 'discusses', 'the', 'topic', 'of', 'story', 'generation', 'with', 'a', 'view', 'to', 'identifying', 'the', 'knowledge', 'required', 'to', 'understand', 'aviation', 'incident', 'narratives', 'which', 'have', 'structural', 'similarities', 'to', 'stories', 'following', 'the', 'premise', 'that', 'to', 'understand', 'aviation', 'incidents', 'one', 'should', 'at', 'least', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'generate', 'examples', 'of', 'them', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'brief', 'overview', 'of', 'aviation', 'incidents', 'and', 'their', 'relation', 'to', 'stories', 'and', 'then', 'describe', 'two', 'of', 'our', 'earlier', 'attempts', 'using', 'scripts', 'and', 'story', 'grammars', 'at', 'incident', 'generation', 'which', 'did', 'not', 'evolve', 'promisingly', 'following', 'this', 'we', 'describe', 'a', 'simple', 'incident', 'generator', 'which', 'did', 'work', 'at', 'a', 'toy', 'level', 'using', 'a', 'world', 'simulation', 'approach', 'this', 'generator', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'meehans', 'talespin', 'story', 'generator', '1977', 'we', 'conclude', 'with', 'a', 'critique', 'of', 'the', 'approach']] | [-0.04992232936967769, 0.06409387760915053, -0.1421566212621446, 0.08387166200977805, -0.1775536375820764, -0.10797999954471986, 0.042874483598603144, 0.4045134505543571, -0.21639308613987687, -0.35178423729430663, 0.05870930393501066, -0.31766483361004955, -0.18520149135659647, 0.18321425622153995, -0.11781965508165522, -0.03209548370721631, 0.09826097449060911, 0.07151966844088374, -0.021580500424736075, -0.27550591283247, 0.303687159720267, 0.07902388357453877, 0.2728709515868726, 0.06312969860692437, 0.10756707662700588, -0.029053209309712943, -0.07025760506840949, -0.04643630326136501, -0.12298319807394784, 0.1491720529201512, 0.32685248511962783, 0.21587222604813355, 0.2914792341458747, -0.44824117506480116, -0.179957085625372, 0.0649785732723072, 0.08552758632482499, 0.1298504032793606, -0.03479582553781155, -0.2815814956258505, 0.08855654224434979, -0.20471068756638938, -0.1276739338874562, -0.049288373812261976, 0.005710902858652875, -0.0041265072839326645, -0.20598672741514623, -0.058042429928850926, 0.09709388181761466, 0.07974276334270199, 0.024932559265189957, -0.05256578180556878, 0.03253508342595912, 0.15411137361636656, 0.07040155436007832, 0.03744047869153074, 0.11836974259812194, -0.10333107870706938, -0.15223614940754113, 0.38628074584098965, -0.010946453206686892, -0.13756939935951662, 0.2001030042152613, -0.10901243989077261, -0.16554072624247554, 0.07127592280212566, 0.21098062090185654, 0.09442259324515541, -0.17067226375110894, -0.03868439476131103, -0.031100285661398854, 0.16783865199336767, 0.09642228652508213, -0.029454897559828993, 0.25555935106837213, 0.17633628176572996, -0.036782952672284513, 0.09489485548120628, -0.011717145639903542, -0.08154558803504094, -0.3120437178713007, -0.12275112263508077, -0.11653745989912213, 0.06699853702699547, 0.04548246981056196, -0.13569849992616692, 0.45631988009071756, 0.2592771742811315, 0.17484845420839185, 0.04620763928550853, 0.2993095076780241, 0.028769448006517675, 0.03995582968211518, 0.06131116851256826, 0.16073157178620115, 0.051634300452394366, 0.16182898813221827, -0.12418832599670969, 0.08489135641437502, 0.04976370496850493] |
1,802.04819 | SLAQ: Quality-Driven Scheduling for Distributed Machine Learning | Training machine learning (ML) models with large datasets can incur
significant resource contention on shared clusters. This training typically
involves many iterations that continually improve the quality of the model. Yet
in exploratory settings, better models can be obtained faster by directing
resources to jobs with the most potential for improvement. We describe SLAQ, a
cluster scheduling system for approximate ML training jobs that aims to
maximize the overall job quality. When allocating cluster resources, SLAQ
explores the quality-runtime trade-offs across multiple jobs to maximize
system-wide quality improvement. To do so, SLAQ leverages the iterative nature
of ML training algorithms, by collecting quality and resource usage information
from concurrent jobs, and then generating highly-tailored quality-improvement
predictions for future iterations. Experiments show that SLAQ achieves an
average quality improvement of up to 73% and an average delay reduction of up
to 44% on a large set of ML training jobs, compared to resource fairness
schedulers.
| cs.DC | training machine learning ml models with large datasets can incur significant resource contention on shared clusters this training typically involves many iterations that continually improve the quality of the model yet in exploratory settings better models can be obtained faster by directing resources to jobs with the most potential for improvement we describe slaq a cluster scheduling system for approximate ml training jobs that aims to maximize the overall job quality when allocating cluster resources slaq explores the qualityruntime tradeoffs across multiple jobs to maximize systemwide quality improvement to do so slaq leverages the iterative nature of ml training algorithms by collecting quality and resource usage information from concurrent jobs and then generating highlytailored qualityimprovement predictions for future iterations experiments show that slaq achieves an average quality improvement of up to 73 and an average delay reduction of up to 44 on a large set of ml training jobs compared to resource fairness schedulers | [['training', 'machine', 'learning', 'ml', 'models', 'with', 'large', 'datasets', 'can', 'incur', 'significant', 'resource', 'contention', 'on', 'shared', 'clusters', 'this', 'training', 'typically', 'involves', 'many', 'iterations', 'that', 'continually', 'improve', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'yet', 'in', 'exploratory', 'settings', 'better', 'models', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'faster', 'by', 'directing', 'resources', 'to', 'jobs', 'with', 'the', 'most', 'potential', 'for', 'improvement', 'we', 'describe', 'slaq', 'a', 'cluster', 'scheduling', 'system', 'for', 'approximate', 'ml', 'training', 'jobs', 'that', 'aims', 'to', 'maximize', 'the', 'overall', 'job', 'quality', 'when', 'allocating', 'cluster', 'resources', 'slaq', 'explores', 'the', 'qualityruntime', 'tradeoffs', 'across', 'multiple', 'jobs', 'to', 'maximize', 'systemwide', 'quality', 'improvement', 'to', 'do', 'so', 'slaq', 'leverages', 'the', 'iterative', 'nature', 'of', 'ml', 'training', 'algorithms', 'by', 'collecting', 'quality', 'and', 'resource', 'usage', 'information', 'from', 'concurrent', 'jobs', 'and', 'then', 'generating', 'highlytailored', 'qualityimprovement', 'predictions', 'for', 'future', 'iterations', 'experiments', 'show', 'that', 'slaq', 'achieves', 'an', 'average', 'quality', 'improvement', 'of', 'up', 'to', '73', 'and', 'an', 'average', 'delay', 'reduction', 'of', 'up', 'to', '44', 'on', 'a', 'large', 'set', 'of', 'ml', 'training', 'jobs', 'compared', 'to', 'resource', 'fairness', 'schedulers']] | [-0.11960359500096131, 0.013816274312136412, -0.04102753579469496, 0.04525039534966804, -0.11779903570392267, -0.17218215585269622, 0.16570277833747432, 0.4449586038673787, -0.2557894445650929, -0.4364150273705539, 0.04952676358592917, -0.25140588610482056, -0.056580460904545986, 0.1856456383056387, -0.17242937218888024, 0.12975556371307712, 0.18132725294287266, 0.019784963951678947, -0.045806381166728805, -0.4197002837042275, 0.21851355097820296, 0.13067929678302453, 0.3909549976846105, 0.005266252569670446, 0.060469424422511735, -0.02321200550221348, -0.0046919841353021755, -0.009423073713581911, -0.06331307410183447, 0.1325128974387649, 0.34410214898587965, 0.2743275166231845, 0.38477863844386057, -0.40697306708285685, -0.16090164058474138, 0.1105203039601053, 0.18546669485773523, 0.039278490576945935, -0.0005450515477844563, -0.24379318703799263, 0.1074179858800275, -0.1760574100588105, 0.03790591468446349, -0.12027807421040243, -0.01977668876306301, 0.02956186161348964, -0.33291494335342003, 0.00707053545844055, -0.018257891241534565, 0.048860612751205304, -0.04705136607701302, -0.14035880398908998, 0.04435865280959804, 0.1645216295140639, 0.06100113679942871, 0.0450373478808232, 0.16050908508661546, -0.16576004155534688, -0.17871506767666065, 0.39364814799965214, -0.01412234454734349, -0.14824923048237046, 0.18662678300691032, 0.004977681039906058, -0.15554533185480213, 0.14483012955679442, 0.2919472886408728, 0.026125929489927858, -0.18205013366212752, -0.008620441322579464, 0.023105802991746093, 0.22082683593524913, 0.08351245717035215, 0.03897599269341873, 0.12404504255391657, 0.24203575192787916, 0.11658022152742457, 0.13768180969437757, -0.03294693345914742, -0.09025028474877074, -0.17582028813979522, -0.15462165622432766, -0.19336346521403788, 0.006745599127546149, -0.13514354479115068, -0.0905177221988867, 0.34542470582221685, 0.19518579299083763, 0.16653734333177503, 0.18048585203417278, 0.34768659166231947, 0.030779402175444136, 0.12570607100956535, 0.19569165546961717, 0.14670039310064903, -0.056871597352590855, 0.1289990667753859, -0.23149502617965673, 0.08429183423715203, -0.04077541498209987] |
1,802.0482 | ELROI: A License Plate For Your Satellite | Space object identification is vital for operating spacecraft, space traffic
control, and space situational awareness, but initial determination,
maintenance, and recovery of identity are all difficult, expensive, and
error-prone, especially for small objects like CubeSats. Attaching a beacon or
license plate with a unique identification number to a space object before
launch would greatly simplify the task, but radio beacons are power-hungry and
can cause interference. This paper describes a new concept for a satellite
license plate, the Extremely Low Resource Optical Identifier or ELROI. ELROI is
a milliwatt-scale self-powered autonomous optical beacon that can be attached
to any space object to transmit a persistent identification signal to ground
stations. A system appropriate for a LEO CubeSat or other small space object
can fit in a package with the area of a postage stamp and a few millimeters
thick, and requires no power, data, or control from the host object. The
concept has been validated with ground tests, and the first flight test unit is
scheduled for launch in 2018. The unique identification number of a LEO
satellite can be determined unambiguously in a single orbital pass over a
low-cost ground station.
| astro-ph.IM eess.SP | space object identification is vital for operating spacecraft space traffic control and space situational awareness but initial determination maintenance and recovery of identity are all difficult expensive and errorprone especially for small objects like cubesats attaching a beacon or license plate with a unique identification number to a space object before launch would greatly simplify the task but radio beacons are powerhungry and can cause interference this paper describes a new concept for a satellite license plate the extremely low resource optical identifier or elroi elroi is a milliwattscale selfpowered autonomous optical beacon that can be attached to any space object to transmit a persistent identification signal to ground stations a system appropriate for a leo cubesat or other small space object can fit in a package with the area of a postage stamp and a few millimeters thick and requires no power data or control from the host object the concept has been validated with ground tests and the first flight test unit is scheduled for launch in 2018 the unique identification number of a leo satellite can be determined unambiguously in a single orbital pass over a lowcost ground station | [['space', 'object', 'identification', 'is', 'vital', 'for', 'operating', 'spacecraft', 'space', 'traffic', 'control', 'and', 'space', 'situational', 'awareness', 'but', 'initial', 'determination', 'maintenance', 'and', 'recovery', 'of', 'identity', 'are', 'all', 'difficult', 'expensive', 'and', 'errorprone', 'especially', 'for', 'small', 'objects', 'like', 'cubesats', 'attaching', 'a', 'beacon', 'or', 'license', 'plate', 'with', 'a', 'unique', 'identification', 'number', 'to', 'a', 'space', 'object', 'before', 'launch', 'would', 'greatly', 'simplify', 'the', 'task', 'but', 'radio', 'beacons', 'are', 'powerhungry', 'and', 'can', 'cause', 'interference', 'this', 'paper', 'describes', 'a', 'new', 'concept', 'for', 'a', 'satellite', 'license', 'plate', 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1,802.04821 | Evolved Policy Gradients | We propose a metalearning approach for learning gradient-based reinforcement
learning (RL) algorithms. The idea is to evolve a differentiable loss function,
such that an agent, which optimizes its policy to minimize this loss, will
achieve high rewards. The loss is parametrized via temporal convolutions over
the agent's experience. Because this loss is highly flexible in its ability to
take into account the agent's history, it enables fast task learning. Empirical
results show that our evolved policy gradient algorithm (EPG) achieves faster
learning on several randomized environments compared to an off-the-shelf policy
gradient method. We also demonstrate that EPG's learned loss can generalize to
out-of-distribution test time tasks, and exhibits qualitatively different
behavior from other popular metalearning algorithms.
| cs.LG cs.AI | we propose a metalearning approach for learning gradientbased reinforcement learning rl algorithms the idea is to evolve a differentiable loss function such that an agent which optimizes its policy to minimize this loss will achieve high rewards the loss is parametrized via temporal convolutions over the agents experience because this loss is highly flexible in its ability to take into account the agents history it enables fast task learning empirical results show that our evolved policy gradient algorithm epg achieves faster learning on several randomized environments compared to an offtheshelf policy gradient method we also demonstrate that epgs learned loss can generalize to outofdistribution test time tasks and exhibits qualitatively different behavior from other popular metalearning algorithms | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'metalearning', 'approach', 'for', 'learning', 'gradientbased', 'reinforcement', 'learning', 'rl', 'algorithms', 'the', 'idea', 'is', 'to', 'evolve', 'a', 'differentiable', 'loss', 'function', 'such', 'that', 'an', 'agent', 'which', 'optimizes', 'its', 'policy', 'to', 'minimize', 'this', 'loss', 'will', 'achieve', 'high', 'rewards', 'the', 'loss', 'is', 'parametrized', 'via', 'temporal', 'convolutions', 'over', 'the', 'agents', 'experience', 'because', 'this', 'loss', 'is', 'highly', 'flexible', 'in', 'its', 'ability', 'to', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'agents', 'history', 'it', 'enables', 'fast', 'task', 'learning', 'empirical', 'results', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'evolved', 'policy', 'gradient', 'algorithm', 'epg', 'achieves', 'faster', 'learning', 'on', 'several', 'randomized', 'environments', 'compared', 'to', 'an', 'offtheshelf', 'policy', 'gradient', 'method', 'we', 'also', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'epgs', 'learned', 'loss', 'can', 'generalize', 'to', 'outofdistribution', 'test', 'time', 'tasks', 'and', 'exhibits', 'qualitatively', 'different', 'behavior', 'from', 'other', 'popular', 'metalearning', 'algorithms']] | [-0.021415079553794656, 0.006302274618562486, -0.14772254223616904, 0.0885990567228749, -0.17130439946205062, -0.19328911661401263, 0.05257519412960889, 0.5675905519125298, -0.3216052569576308, -0.30750164098273486, 0.013569871072147965, -0.22171630281218702, -0.22386135461413834, 0.19675851305628306, -0.17983442013207665, 0.08360016162797777, 0.11932414864452603, 0.014008273541704457, -0.0768579955990864, -0.33238455792490995, 0.2564807111859067, 0.04099706436196963, 0.32214695076322836, -0.009637304468271442, 0.19675125264857188, -0.024362413777818538, 0.04708065591259008, -0.022107202766670123, -0.02806558430837378, 0.13301617720235998, 0.31921307132857984, 0.26736411581842756, 0.43612758274007046, -0.3888259341335322, -0.22279193967135033, 0.10942693230194542, 0.15113369916947797, 0.0780907584917453, -0.03633960244210007, -0.29116306367975014, 0.06612551210121785, -0.21688686126572454, 0.00838394497290381, -0.18906953639915994, -0.0761661388250625, -0.0016610442370208155, -0.3489573381077021, -0.004132396307958959, 0.07752283450821017, -0.037910484513825074, -0.06572876112838076, -0.11962936268164179, 0.06226035380441473, 0.13370644430128428, 0.057313514700254954, 0.0927715421630404, 0.22046356953672555, -0.13433853610076457, -0.18306963799648687, 0.30528127891608536, -0.06843466033092421, -0.1883633682010775, 0.2165530590324575, 0.00390786859087455, -0.10880460650222297, 0.11329762102303724, 0.29933225348468423, 0.17555321985457698, -0.15534453165645784, -0.01083140802404517, -0.010112116841647105, 0.15752241508060127, -0.010305935748291608, -0.025235966218110077, 0.10273105959989066, 0.23745597393100715, 0.13301464149720457, 0.1447480434942871, -0.042817949685546704, -0.15126136904502782, -0.165572052101135, -0.10607796933692999, -0.19712790122462642, -0.018327705992950905, -0.15096840188372382, -0.12281767518506345, 0.3401067843899513, 0.23492063847410247, 0.2263605206902338, 0.21007178264817333, 0.38604292881667107, 0.0796124066124694, 0.1033092844260172, 0.16314522432447928, 0.19983974332785887, -0.027314504232400887, 0.14251230319943994, -0.24339527432989871, 0.15603742616760552, 0.03313887246255564] |
1,802.04822 | Identify Susceptible Locations in Medical Records via Adversarial
Attacks on Deep Predictive Models | The surging availability of electronic medical records (EHR) leads to
increased research interests in medical predictive modeling. Recently many deep
learning based predicted models are also developed for EHR data and
demonstrated impressive performance. However, a series of recent studies showed
that these deep models are not safe: they suffer from certain vulnerabilities.
In short, a well-trained deep network can be extremely sensitive to inputs with
negligible changes. These inputs are referred to as adversarial examples. In
the context of medical informatics, such attacks could alter the result of a
high performance deep predictive model by slightly perturbing a patient's
medical records. Such instability not only reflects the weakness of deep
architectures, more importantly, it offers guide on detecting susceptible parts
on the inputs. In this paper, we propose an efficient and effective framework
that learns a time-preferential minimum attack targeting the LSTM model with
EHR inputs, and we leverage this attack strategy to screen medical records of
patients and identify susceptible events and measurements. The efficient
screening procedure can assist decision makers to pay extra attentions to the
locations that can cause severe consequence if not measured correctly. We
conduct extensive empirical studies on a real-world urgent care cohort and
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed screening approach.
| cs.LG | the surging availability of electronic medical records ehr leads to increased research interests in medical predictive modeling recently many deep learning based predicted models are also developed for ehr data and demonstrated impressive performance however a series of recent studies showed that these deep models are not safe they suffer from certain vulnerabilities in short a welltrained deep network can be extremely sensitive to inputs with negligible changes these inputs are referred to as adversarial examples in the context of medical informatics such attacks could alter the result of a high performance deep predictive model by slightly perturbing a patients medical records such instability not only reflects the weakness of deep architectures more importantly it offers guide on detecting susceptible parts on the inputs in this paper we propose an efficient and effective framework that learns a timepreferential minimum attack targeting the lstm model with ehr inputs and we leverage this attack strategy to screen medical records of patients and identify susceptible events and measurements the efficient screening procedure can assist decision makers to pay extra attentions to the locations that can cause severe consequence if not measured correctly we conduct extensive empirical studies on a realworld urgent care cohort and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed screening approach | [['the', 'surging', 'availability', 'of', 'electronic', 'medical', 'records', 'ehr', 'leads', 'to', 'increased', 'research', 'interests', 'in', 'medical', 'predictive', 'modeling', 'recently', 'many', 'deep', 'learning', 'based', 'predicted', 'models', 'are', 'also', 'developed', 'for', 'ehr', 'data', 'and', 'demonstrated', 'impressive', 'performance', 'however', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'recent', 'studies', 'showed', 'that', 'these', 'deep', 'models', 'are', 'not', 'safe', 'they', 'suffer', 'from', 'certain', 'vulnerabilities', 'in', 'short', 'a', 'welltrained', 'deep', 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1,802.04823 | Small-amplitude fully localised solitary waves for the full-dispersion
Kadomtsev--Petviashvili equation | The KP-I equation \[ (u_t-2uu_x+\tfrac{1}{2}(\beta-\tfrac{1}{3})u_{xxx})_x
-u_{yy}=0 \] arises as a weakly nonlinear model equation for gravity-capillary
waves with strong surface tension (Bond number $\beta>1/3$). This equation
admits --- as an explicit solution --- a `fully localised' or `lump' solitary
wave which decays to zero in all spatial directions. Recently there has been
interest in the \emph{full-dispersion KP-I equation} \[u_t + m({\mathrm D}) u_x
+ 2 u u_x = 0,\] where $m({\mathrm D})$ is the Fourier multiplier with symbol
\[ m(k) = \left( 1 + \beta |k|^2|\right)^{\frac{1}{2}} \left( \frac{\tanh
|k|}{|k|} \right)^{\frac{1}{2}} \left( 1 + \frac{2k_2^2}{k_1^2}
\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}, \] which is obtained by retaining the exact dispersion
relation from the water-wave problem. In this paper we show that the FDKP-I
equation also has a fully localised solitary-wave solution. The existence
theory is variational and perturbative in nature. A variational principle for
fully localised solitary waves is reduced to a locally equivalent variational
principle featuring a perturbation of the variational functional associated
with fully localised solitary-wave solutions of the {KP-I} equation. A
nontrivial critical point of the reduced functional is found by minimising it
over its natural constraint set.
| math.AP | the kpi equation u_t2uu_xtfrac12betatfrac13u_xxx_x u_yy0 arises as a weakly nonlinear model equation for gravitycapillary waves with strong surface tension bond number beta13 this equation admits as an explicit solution a fully localised or lump solitary wave which decays to zero in all spatial directions recently there has been interest in the emphfulldispersion kpi equation u_t mmathrm d u_x 2 u u_x 0 where mmathrm d is the fourier multiplier with symbol mk left 1 beta k2rightfrac12 left fractanh kk rightfrac12 left 1 frac2k_22k_12 rightfrac12 which is obtained by retaining the exact dispersion relation from the waterwave problem in this paper we show that the fdkpi equation also has a fully localised solitarywave solution the existence theory is variational and perturbative in nature a variational principle for fully localised solitary waves is reduced to a locally equivalent variational principle featuring a perturbation of the variational functional associated with fully localised solitarywave solutions of the kpi equation a nontrivial critical point of the reduced functional is found by minimising it over its natural constraint set | [['the', 'kpi', 'equation', 'u_t2uu_xtfrac12betatfrac13u_xxx_x', 'u_yy0', 'arises', 'as', 'a', 'weakly', 'nonlinear', 'model', 'equation', 'for', 'gravitycapillary', 'waves', 'with', 'strong', 'surface', 'tension', 'bond', 'number', 'beta13', 'this', 'equation', 'admits', 'as', 'an', 'explicit', 'solution', 'a', 'fully', 'localised', 'or', 'lump', 'solitary', 'wave', 'which', 'decays', 'to', 'zero', 'in', 'all', 'spatial', 'directions', 'recently', 'there', 'has', 'been', 'interest', 'in', 'the', 'emphfulldispersion', 'kpi', 'equation', 'u_t', 'mmathrm', 'd', 'u_x', '2', 'u', 'u_x', '0', 'where', 'mmathrm', 'd', 'is', 'the', 'fourier', 'multiplier', 'with', 'symbol', 'mk', 'left', '1', 'beta', 'k2rightfrac12', 'left', 'fractanh', 'kk', 'rightfrac12', 'left', '1', 'frac2k_22k_12', 'rightfrac12', 'which', 'is', 'obtained', 'by', 'retaining', 'the', 'exact', 'dispersion', 'relation', 'from', 'the', 'waterwave', 'problem', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'fdkpi', 'equation', 'also', 'has', 'a', 'fully', 'localised', 'solitarywave', 'solution', 'the', 'existence', 'theory', 'is', 'variational', 'and', 'perturbative', 'in', 'nature', 'a', 'variational', 'principle', 'for', 'fully', 'localised', 'solitary', 'waves', 'is', 'reduced', 'to', 'a', 'locally', 'equivalent', 'variational', 'principle', 'featuring', 'a', 'perturbation', 'of', 'the', 'variational', 'functional', 'associated', 'with', 'fully', 'localised', 'solitarywave', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'kpi', 'equation', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'critical', 'point', 'of', 'the', 'reduced', 'functional', 'is', 'found', 'by', 'minimising', 'it', 'over', 'its', 'natural', 'constraint', 'set']] | [-0.17803974181950732, 0.12437245937750284, -0.08843330669154675, 0.056972826877466055, -0.08571063224911872, -0.17810971520703994, -0.014136744496709683, 0.26687736054768135, -0.33840749345354143, -0.1918188804857707, 0.07194755215517765, -0.31943440290190783, -0.13655079862794217, 0.12174200537711656, 0.03440992549016066, 0.10757368592905349, 0.05141485340649011, 0.05346944265958904, -0.06386769255994608, -0.1437802852339974, 0.317627646460375, -0.050712678112958105, 0.23226955271200306, 0.03538889015819077, 0.13748365005141158, -0.03525328068091231, 0.05892851404371483, 0.005732262387094688, -0.1854024148711587, 0.06778292656673313, 0.24282189304733284, 0.060798869037606465, 0.29483407866381156, -0.40905131216795165, -0.2402456620410999, 0.08079051523486529, 0.18338713517049726, 0.10439378208697893, -0.025829694340251202, -0.3316469433848843, 0.1110992465179665, -0.14947550168169513, -0.1877594547963307, -0.04457875220047915, 0.07122622884558572, 0.016302417145264935, -0.26581663394095434, 0.17486695958243575, 0.04350173771181401, -0.007471871482311217, -0.09656731831838314, -0.08690499954005601, -0.07882477984009482, 0.00020662589038670793, 0.07203165865417548, 0.10420979055478895, -0.004582528084905052, -0.12757947911834058, -0.04023759459263925, 0.358010135796721, -0.093325193697141, -0.28694806122963823, 0.14199303967329713, -0.1211161129233753, -0.10306587527603185, 0.19422017056723498, 0.09836157368484633, 0.132616787051862, -0.14684832860584274, 0.18778206810228057, -0.0622283164182345, 0.18337049881268458, 0.11234851241500282, -0.011746894419650359, 0.1252095496276268, 0.15945333370544656, 0.12358522891106964, 0.06978190160053639, -0.036591347971534, -0.07366958706199757, -0.34444646509878474, -0.12911604706428664, -0.1300479636457606, 0.09328819462124964, -0.06472504876853621, -0.20459071248255534, 0.3544949807163808, 0.04629814172266451, 0.1300254293683162, 0.04083272789753516, 0.21738764501399607, 0.2264040257829774, -0.015237814289706251, 0.09050986029927624, 0.21894653595732583, 0.19011035027336673, 0.09993213801316209, -0.2248555855872681, -0.011431830766627942, 0.1306442044360386] |
1,802.04824 | Non-reciprocal coherent dynamics of a single spin under closed-contour
interaction | Three-level quantum systems have formed a cornerstone of quantum optics since
the discovery of coherent population trapping (CPT) and electromagnetically
induced transparency. Key to these phenomena is quantum interference, which
arises if two of the three available transitions are coherently driven at
well-controlled amplitudes and phases. The additional coherent driving of the
third available transition would form a closed-contour interaction (CCI) from
which fundamentally new phenomena would emerge, including phase-controlled CPT
and one atom interferometry. However, due to the difficulty in experimentally
realising a fully coherent CCI, such aspects of three-level systems remain
unexplored as of now. Here, we exploit recently developed methods for coherent
driving of single Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) electronic spins to implement highly
coherent CCI driving. Our experiments reveal phase-controlled, single spin
quantum interference fringes, reminiscent of electron dynamics on a triangular
lattice, with the driving field phases playing the role of a synthetic magnetic
flux. We find that for suitable values of this phase, CCI driving leads to
efficient coherence protection of the NV spin, yielding a nearly two orders of
magnitude improvement of the coherence time, even for moderate drive strengths
<~1MHz. Our results establish CCI driving as a novel paradigm in coherent
control of few-level systems that offers attractive perspectives for
applications in quantum sensing or quantum information processing.
| cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph | threelevel quantum systems have formed a cornerstone of quantum optics since the discovery of coherent population trapping cpt and electromagnetically induced transparency key to these phenomena is quantum interference which arises if two of the three available transitions are coherently driven at wellcontrolled amplitudes and phases the additional coherent driving of the third available transition would form a closedcontour interaction cci from which fundamentally new phenomena would emerge including phasecontrolled cpt and one atom interferometry however due to the difficulty in experimentally realising a fully coherent cci such aspects of threelevel systems remain unexplored as of now here we exploit recently developed methods for coherent driving of single nitrogenvacancy nv electronic spins to implement highly coherent cci driving our experiments reveal phasecontrolled single spin quantum interference fringes reminiscent of electron dynamics on a triangular lattice with the driving field phases playing the role of a synthetic magnetic flux we find that for suitable values of this phase cci driving leads to efficient coherence protection of the nv spin yielding a nearly two orders of magnitude improvement of the coherence time even for moderate drive strengths 1mhz our results establish cci driving as a novel paradigm in coherent control of fewlevel systems that offers attractive perspectives for applications in quantum sensing or quantum information processing | [['threelevel', 'quantum', 'systems', 'have', 'formed', 'a', 'cornerstone', 'of', 'quantum', 'optics', 'since', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'coherent', 'population', 'trapping', 'cpt', 'and', 'electromagnetically', 'induced', 'transparency', 'key', 'to', 'these', 'phenomena', 'is', 'quantum', 'interference', 'which', 'arises', 'if', 'two', 'of', 'the', 'three', 'available', 'transitions', 'are', 'coherently', 'driven', 'at', 'wellcontrolled', 'amplitudes', 'and', 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1,802.04825 | Weakly symmetric biserial algebras | We introduce the class of generalized biserial quiver algebras and prove that
they provide a complete classification of all weakly symmetric biserial
algebras over an algebraically closed field.
| math.RT | we introduce the class of generalized biserial quiver algebras and prove that they provide a complete classification of all weakly symmetric biserial algebras over an algebraically closed field | [['we', 'introduce', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'generalized', 'biserial', 'quiver', 'algebras', 'and', 'prove', 'that', 'they', 'provide', 'a', 'complete', 'classification', 'of', 'all', 'weakly', 'symmetric', 'biserial', 'algebras', 'over', 'an', 'algebraically', 'closed', 'field']] | [-0.20320005076272146, 0.09018905981845039, -0.031305379300777404, 0.09702621663122304, -0.13879712323458598, -0.24920612412305282, -0.11613463833262878, 0.41458697031651226, -0.338710523343512, -0.09350596308442098, 0.0843049798110899, -0.14255219536633895, -0.16755883470510266, 0.19713994474815472, -0.16294934650483942, -0.1631284144573978, 0.10326787576611553, 0.2106329138051868, -0.12220599067846447, -0.3991205069885057, 0.44383107910731007, -0.11498147672058881, 0.243098591254758, 0.00445415372295039, 0.14737732049876026, 0.11051305760962091, 0.008964900825438755, 0.0760820633066552, -0.211969255346308, 0.09597022964486054, 0.40367600853954044, 0.11326597806432151, 0.21406986597659333, -0.3226527257689408, -0.09283852667015578, 0.27094378169359906, 0.1977070981104459, 0.05857195767540751, -0.0512835289742465, -0.2847306220792234, 0.11051441433041223, -0.2919135102503268, -0.15588958730222657, -0.13966811604664794, 0.06870901017932088, -0.01412445233602609, -0.260651523746284, -0.008434016124478408, 0.1812230179618512, 0.19350118705603694, -0.12612834433093667, -0.07391800724768213, -0.04672015844179051, 0.05068483986958329, -0.15908633272296616, -0.015678178535641303, 0.054974071498561115, -0.10156764016885843, -0.19812432443723083, 0.29180664170001236, -0.005331040459818074, -0.2679472254323108, 0.12330728363511818, -0.15828213318517165, -0.1610047561781747, 0.1551014873465257, 0.06275860353239945, 0.23855355488402502, -0.050810748944059014, 0.2117675836842474, -0.19916186268840516, -0.02363528263439158, 0.03834894186417971, 0.02978385948309941, 0.19207037000783853, 0.028027776346009756, 0.053282015990199785, 0.18920541208769595, 0.08362307589102004, -0.03270529090826001, -0.40258814740393845, -0.1783732020662033, 0.02249544845212118, 0.1992179537191987, -0.11103780256598839, -0.2854512416358505, 0.44172273123902933, 0.062028106967253346, 0.13216345610895328, 0.2272091667899596, 0.10385320508586508, 0.04222988323973758, 0.12234222772531211, 0.10893550355519567, 0.10416510574785727, 0.315501998444753, -0.04473548913457697, -0.06817057984881103, -0.10700490418821573, 0.22152254534220056] |
1,802.04826 | Leveraging the Exact Likelihood of Deep Latent Variable Models | Deep latent variable models (DLVMs) combine the approximation abilities of
deep neural networks and the statistical foundations of generative models.
Variational methods are commonly used for inference; however, the exact
likelihood of these models has been largely overlooked. The purpose of this
work is to study the general properties of this quantity and to show how they
can be leveraged in practice. We focus on important inferential problems that
rely on the likelihood: estimation and missing data imputation. First, we
investigate maximum likelihood estimation for DLVMs: in particular, we show
that most unconstrained models used for continuous data have an unbounded
likelihood function. This problematic behaviour is demonstrated to be a source
of mode collapse. We also show how to ensure the existence of maximum
likelihood estimates, and draw useful connections with nonparametric mixture
models. Finally, we describe an algorithm for missing data imputation using the
exact conditional likelihood of a deep latent variable model. On several data
sets, our algorithm consistently and significantly outperforms the usual
imputation scheme used for DLVMs.
| stat.ML cs.LG stat.ME | deep latent variable models dlvms combine the approximation abilities of deep neural networks and the statistical foundations of generative models variational methods are commonly used for inference however the exact likelihood of these models has been largely overlooked the purpose of this work is to study the general properties of this quantity and to show how they can be leveraged in practice we focus on important inferential problems that rely on the likelihood estimation and missing data imputation first we investigate maximum likelihood estimation for dlvms in particular we show that most unconstrained models used for continuous data have an unbounded likelihood function this problematic behaviour is demonstrated to be a source of mode collapse we also show how to ensure the existence of maximum likelihood estimates and draw useful connections with nonparametric mixture models finally we describe an algorithm for missing data imputation using the exact conditional likelihood of a deep latent variable model on several data sets our algorithm consistently and significantly outperforms the usual imputation scheme used for dlvms | [['deep', 'latent', 'variable', 'models', 'dlvms', 'combine', 'the', 'approximation', 'abilities', 'of', 'deep', 'neural', 'networks', 'and', 'the', 'statistical', 'foundations', 'of', 'generative', 'models', 'variational', 'methods', 'are', 'commonly', 'used', 'for', 'inference', 'however', 'the', 'exact', 'likelihood', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'has', 'been', 'largely', 'overlooked', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'this', 'work', 'is', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'general', 'properties', 'of', 'this', 'quantity', 'and', 'to', 'show', 'how', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'leveraged', 'in', 'practice', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'important', 'inferential', 'problems', 'that', 'rely', 'on', 'the', 'likelihood', 'estimation', 'and', 'missing', 'data', 'imputation', 'first', 'we', 'investigate', 'maximum', 'likelihood', 'estimation', 'for', 'dlvms', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'most', 'unconstrained', 'models', 'used', 'for', 'continuous', 'data', 'have', 'an', 'unbounded', 'likelihood', 'function', 'this', 'problematic', 'behaviour', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'mode', 'collapse', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'ensure', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'maximum', 'likelihood', 'estimates', 'and', 'draw', 'useful', 'connections', 'with', 'nonparametric', 'mixture', 'models', 'finally', 'we', 'describe', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'missing', 'data', 'imputation', 'using', 'the', 'exact', 'conditional', 'likelihood', 'of', 'a', 'deep', 'latent', 'variable', 'model', 'on', 'several', 'data', 'sets', 'our', 'algorithm', 'consistently', 'and', 'significantly', 'outperforms', 'the', 'usual', 'imputation', 'scheme', 'used', 'for', 'dlvms']] | [-0.019598704632804838, -0.0287342439566368, -0.12440979894694634, 0.15974565199102536, -0.11424516550221936, -0.16202948548625287, 0.05025265865071222, 0.43570098238672283, -0.25522242032254094, -0.3113535542858678, 0.12649332349822143, -0.23649686962626007, -0.18299173512956302, 0.1838940485559274, -0.11432968244243544, 0.12689398830488519, 0.10649279094785777, 0.015884853098108324, -0.05763811287050525, -0.28570180753419216, 0.30655228402898754, 0.05683233088703398, 0.3343190213687025, -0.010698244151658294, 0.11551083143134493, 0.013976557307530108, -0.0409504963175751, 0.01231972552662672, -0.13783175637446368, 0.1728223784120082, 0.2822205016672617, 0.22565192065531994, 0.32188515218927766, -0.4066678246748525, -0.2599542201340989, 0.16045270526110259, 0.1689815950041182, 0.11835086633868212, 0.003938702783184559, -0.24724007081673588, 0.04990990291793593, -0.17881573555005584, -0.0283994044303802, -0.15236518385300282, -0.06552344533549838, 0.024638973239424832, -0.31371212479939986, 0.10118454675102839, 0.05318264868316853, 0.03952117582111685, -0.04043707742523619, -0.17064051370496516, 0.026384712871689305, 0.08899354157146326, 0.08653159293706182, 0.005036049253079867, 0.06786362796772791, -0.15209151658115821, -0.13246477507108953, 0.2977060455406561, -0.06279396242360574, -0.23919431086586312, 0.1713256114758118, -0.054751228339439476, -0.21787158192167883, 0.06813124137075055, 0.24475128159365553, 0.15069199961252772, -0.18750679297480993, 0.03754338809542174, -0.03078825964029272, 0.1562361892706682, -0.02528741825128321, -0.03591005533607406, 0.1760695706240746, 0.20551176303808122, 0.01906038775395732, 0.13150126193406406, -0.14674175630166564, -0.078436033830025, -0.2430798770090955, -0.1093388446999259, -0.21345752760206843, -0.04455840389168453, -0.12208738004838504, -0.19469036232290227, 0.372195835998968, 0.27999958944057524, 0.19542523540372334, 0.10588023056232826, 0.30709236464463174, 0.11841944211533531, 0.046178827013517186, 0.09437827515377945, 0.23171756389621256, 0.11999494293000722, 0.0513288652995428, -0.1565848202891323, 0.1492902030626875, 0.011634316882876637] |
1,802.04827 | Ultracompact integrated polarizers using bent asymmetric coupled
waveguides | A new type of integrated polarizer based on bent coupled optical waveguides
is proposed. The simplicity of the device geometry permits its realization
using only basic standard fabrication steps. A deep etched waveguide silicon
nitride TE-pass implementation has been studied using a full vector 3D mode
solver and beam propagation techniques. The characteristics of the underlying
physical mechanism bring in flexibility to the design of broadband devices
robust against fabrication tolerances. The possibility of incorporating almost
design-transparent polarizers in photonic integrated circuits is also
discussed.
| physics.app-ph physics.optics | a new type of integrated polarizer based on bent coupled optical waveguides is proposed the simplicity of the device geometry permits its realization using only basic standard fabrication steps a deep etched waveguide silicon nitride tepass implementation has been studied using a full vector 3d mode solver and beam propagation techniques the characteristics of the underlying physical mechanism bring in flexibility to the design of broadband devices robust against fabrication tolerances the possibility of incorporating almost designtransparent polarizers in photonic integrated circuits is also discussed | [['a', 'new', 'type', 'of', 'integrated', 'polarizer', 'based', 'on', 'bent', 'coupled', 'optical', 'waveguides', 'is', 'proposed', 'the', 'simplicity', 'of', 'the', 'device', 'geometry', 'permits', 'its', 'realization', 'using', 'only', 'basic', 'standard', 'fabrication', 'steps', 'a', 'deep', 'etched', 'waveguide', 'silicon', 'nitride', 'tepass', 'implementation', 'has', 'been', 'studied', 'using', 'a', 'full', 'vector', '3d', 'mode', 'solver', 'and', 'beam', 'propagation', 'techniques', 'the', 'characteristics', 'of', 'the', 'underlying', 'physical', 'mechanism', 'bring', 'in', 'flexibility', 'to', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'broadband', 'devices', 'robust', 'against', 'fabrication', 'tolerances', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'incorporating', 'almost', 'designtransparent', 'polarizers', 'in', 'photonic', 'integrated', 'circuits', 'is', 'also', 'discussed']] | [-0.13793621525303068, 0.040307497984381865, -0.04903859061649047, -0.07190385759045112, -0.11906078199193959, -0.23786818579467664, 0.017886904090732694, 0.5198293509275977, -0.2355976724121944, -0.25937317251171693, 0.09102077978797796, -0.22780762818720507, -0.14841518642981144, 0.2666103642052376, -0.036113281568781616, 0.16056246979159292, 0.04975779841553016, -0.13449508258624068, -0.058177740616073094, -0.1766949841999505, 0.2125785488927041, 0.10858181164935175, 0.40635451939551676, 0.017258761405765294, 0.156947113466954, 0.016021119338089983, 0.02389110738119806, -0.03720753531095134, -0.08673869218138686, 0.16406704973799727, 0.19702206228309907, 0.03340499957249197, 0.2352438320641417, -0.5041797837433237, -0.21701763049104666, -0.005194624683943139, 0.13975097427526154, 0.1266131852483461, -0.1117653232895354, -0.26735299168132154, 0.057481951024158894, -0.14329580845962087, -0.16270903472389595, -0.04434003471116345, -0.03111049825190959, -0.017507479907608176, -0.18429449676390153, -0.07915874243838746, 0.0550890447577484, 0.02632407792170633, 0.010221750979523556, -0.09423793236309864, -0.030246093689677227, 0.015023208369153091, -0.12714570922305785, -0.06643940310038805, 0.21821786797498857, -0.0938435219486345, -0.17900675309103836, 0.3653984479157321, 0.0048996988762484255, -0.19044120485209917, 0.12573184072270047, -0.05595337805521944, -0.005150668508182448, 0.1378157036996121, 0.22568238965314197, 0.056297102471791115, -0.17152078294599182, 0.08803498596780518, 0.030545488375811333, 0.20729691550943508, 0.0814996624157865, 0.12897830527747073, 0.21369918816195554, 0.3158730502318905, 0.009095511524040386, 0.17931569293590197, -0.11220653404773448, -0.03700730977131121, -0.2921685326440507, -0.18152210180905748, -0.1589330055716543, 0.02627635497251997, -0.08196449958342716, -0.2050175539453525, 0.4503641493438956, 0.15592920096837973, 0.0940714164872665, -0.04377099281423781, 0.3798673086160098, 0.09197146897148116, 0.1650688116696764, -0.0036045124036181405, 0.30957822561830683, 0.22310201275016528, 0.12777312971225166, -0.1990724726543616, 0.03608545115503696, -0.020494651102674115] |
1,802.04828 | A new mechanical stellar wind feedback model for the Rosette Nebula | The famous Rosette Nebula has an evacuated central cavity formed from the
stellar winds ejected from the 2-6 million-year-old co-distant and co-moving
central star cluster NGC 2244. However, with upper age estimates of less than
110,000 years, the central cavity is too young compared to NGC 2244 and
existing models do not reproduce its properties. A new proper motion study
herein using Gaia data reveals the ejection of the most massive star in the
Rosette, HD46223, from NGC 2244 occurred 1.73 (+0.34,-0.25)Myr (1$\sigma$
uncertainty) in the past. Assuming this ejection was at the birth of the most
massive stars in NGC 2244, including the dominant centrally positioned HD46150,
the age is set for the famous ionised region at more than ten times that
derived for the cavity. Here, we are able to reproduce the structure of the
Rosette Nebula, through simulation of mechanical stellar feedback from a
40M$_{\odot}$ star in a thin sheet-like molecular cloud. We form the
135,000M$_{\odot}$ cloud from thermally-unstable diffuse interstellar medium
under the influence of a realistic background magnetic field with
thermal/magnetic pressure equilibrium. Properties derived from a snapshot of
the simulation at 1.5Myr, including cavity size, stellar age, magnetic field
and resulting inclination to the line of sight, match those derived from
observations. An elegant explanation is thus provided for the stark contrast in
age estimates based on realistic diffuse ISM properties, molecular cloud
formation and stellar wind feedback.
| astro-ph.GA | the famous rosette nebula has an evacuated central cavity formed from the stellar winds ejected from the 26 millionyearold codistant and comoving central star cluster ngc 2244 however with upper age estimates of less than 110000 years the central cavity is too young compared to ngc 2244 and existing models do not reproduce its properties a new proper motion study herein using gaia data reveals the ejection of the most massive star in the rosette hd46223 from ngc 2244 occurred 173 034025myr 1sigma uncertainty in the past assuming this ejection was at the birth of the most massive stars in ngc 2244 including the dominant centrally positioned hd46150 the age is set for the famous ionised region at more than ten times that derived for the cavity here we are able to reproduce the structure of the rosette nebula through simulation of mechanical stellar feedback from a 40m_odot star in a thin sheetlike molecular cloud we form the 135000m_odot cloud from thermallyunstable diffuse interstellar medium under the influence of a realistic background magnetic field with thermalmagnetic pressure equilibrium properties derived from a snapshot of the simulation at 15myr including cavity size stellar age magnetic field and resulting inclination to the line of sight match those derived from observations an elegant explanation is thus provided for the stark contrast in age estimates based on realistic diffuse ism properties molecular cloud formation and stellar wind feedback | [['the', 'famous', 'rosette', 'nebula', 'has', 'an', 'evacuated', 'central', 'cavity', 'formed', 'from', 'the', 'stellar', 'winds', 'ejected', 'from', 'the', '26', 'millionyearold', 'codistant', 'and', 'comoving', 'central', 'star', 'cluster', 'ngc', '2244', 'however', 'with', 'upper', 'age', 'estimates', 'of', 'less', 'than', '110000', 'years', 'the', 'central', 'cavity', 'is', 'too', 'young', 'compared', 'to', 'ngc', '2244', 'and', 'existing', 'models', 'do', 'not', 'reproduce', 'its', 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'medium', 'under', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'a', 'realistic', 'background', 'magnetic', 'field', 'with', 'thermalmagnetic', 'pressure', 'equilibrium', 'properties', 'derived', 'from', 'a', 'snapshot', 'of', 'the', 'simulation', 'at', '15myr', 'including', 'cavity', 'size', 'stellar', 'age', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'resulting', 'inclination', 'to', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'sight', 'match', 'those', 'derived', 'from', 'observations', 'an', 'elegant', 'explanation', 'is', 'thus', 'provided', 'for', 'the', 'stark', 'contrast', 'in', 'age', 'estimates', 'based', 'on', 'realistic', 'diffuse', 'ism', 'properties', 'molecular', 'cloud', 'formation', 'and', 'stellar', 'wind', 'feedback']] | [-0.056528952159493676, 0.06108001172453995, -0.07104749254193966, 0.06077735907064103, -0.0830344428571508, -0.03744699577193545, 0.025964877626899144, 0.42354864157817285, -0.1653813487222499, -0.34987105327131957, 0.047796821581584444, -0.25225608367472885, -0.0035348418085840937, 0.22148459788219518, 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1,802.04829 | Pseudo P-points and splitting number | We construct a model in which the splitting number is large and every
ultrafilter has a small subset with no pseudo-intersection.
| math.GN | we construct a model in which the splitting number is large and every ultrafilter has a small subset with no pseudointersection | [['we', 'construct', 'a', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'splitting', 'number', 'is', 'large', 'and', 'every', 'ultrafilter', 'has', 'a', 'small', 'subset', 'with', 'no', 'pseudointersection']] | [-0.1894390161725737, 0.14926615388443074, -0.06981970551645472, 0.016336229967973417, -0.08184259189736276, -0.13908361736685038, 0.05041423286976559, 0.3536254121434121, -0.24733814845482507, -0.26922306205545155, 0.11875859215035148, -0.29811916606766836, -0.09314728820962566, 0.16612895027113458, -0.07521821842307136, -0.05236668875884442, 0.0988394066336609, 0.09038227344197887, 0.03391114263130086, -0.1717339650384106, 0.3154096419124731, -0.07254741818732804, 0.2020286646272455, 0.0436953344337997, 0.15744659663843258, 0.0003120830238220238, 0.058611861385759856, 0.10060533526397887, -0.10053329950287229, 0.07682352517509744, 0.2160279686961855, 0.1518619570526339, 0.37628879362628576, -0.2901379745606045, -0.15278191607268082, 0.2689317212927909, 0.057304106442080366, 0.1710771306451144, -0.10136778355531749, -0.19164514719020753, 0.18331505766227132, -0.2099152293411039, -0.06635461862952936, -0.0869715939763756, 0.11554985715165025, 0.006922030289258275, -0.31834100129171494, -0.0843891544001443, 0.03420154404427324, 0.06803177986737519, -0.01625221943305362, -0.08521170173549936, -0.04240019140498979, 0.07732759045791768, 0.006553041599025684, 0.1311568571254611, -0.004948407924357092, -0.05269186557935817, -0.06371235248765775, 0.3746004644781351, -0.11183200137955802, -0.2736329548947868, 0.18630704110754387, -0.1716143293527975, -0.16569621905329682, 0.15002945828295888, 0.0712452255455511, 0.11641710695056688, -0.07009611176770358, 0.18140098824819906, -0.21747334478866487, 0.2538063566954363, 0.04089845450861113, 0.03279338698900704, 0.13638875456083388, 0.2255406059502136, 0.11451690537588936, 0.14396485154117858, -0.11300282909845312, 0.005908447628219922, -0.3178221409519513, -0.10422608123293944, -0.16990823094688712, 0.09208444510364816, -0.09191062228152684, -0.23298111912750064, 0.3628429499055658, 0.08976595398659508, 0.26771320580017, 0.06216414162467811, 0.23950596082778203, 0.10112277819730696, 0.1388711098226763, 0.15430711770784997, 0.11952795287860292, 0.07047533208415621, -0.04697678690510137, -0.12658957607068477, 0.033075280797978245, 0.08341005156260162] |
1,802.0483 | Prediction of next career moves from scientific profiles | Changing institution is a scientist's key career decision, which plays an
important role in education, scientific productivity, and the generation of
scientific knowledge. Yet, our understanding of the factors influencing a
relocation decision is very limited. In this paper we investigate how the
scientific profile of a scientist determines their decision to move (i.e.,
change institution). To this aim, we describe a scientist's profile by three
main aspects: the scientist's recent scientific career, the quality of their
scientific environment and the structure of their scientific collaboration
network. We then design and implement a two-stage predictive model: first, we
use data mining to predict which researcher will move in the next year on the
basis of their scientific profile; second we predict which institution they
will choose by using a novel social-gravity model, an adaptation of the
traditional gravity model of human mobility. Experiments on a massive dataset
of scientific publications show that our approach performs well in both the
stages, resulting in a 85% reduction of the prediction error with respect to
the state-of-the-art approaches.
| stat.AP cs.SI physics.soc-ph | changing institution is a scientists key career decision which plays an important role in education scientific productivity and the generation of scientific knowledge yet our understanding of the factors influencing a relocation decision is very limited in this paper we investigate how the scientific profile of a scientist determines their decision to move ie change institution to this aim we describe a scientists profile by three main aspects the scientists recent scientific career the quality of their scientific environment and the structure of their scientific collaboration network we then design and implement a twostage predictive model first we use data mining to predict which researcher will move in the next year on the basis of their scientific profile second we predict which institution they will choose by using a novel socialgravity model an adaptation of the traditional gravity model of human mobility experiments on a massive dataset of scientific publications show that our approach performs well in both the stages resulting in a 85 reduction of the prediction error with respect to the stateoftheart approaches | [['changing', 'institution', 'is', 'a', 'scientists', 'key', 'career', 'decision', 'which', 'plays', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'in', 'education', 'scientific', 'productivity', 'and', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'scientific', 'knowledge', 'yet', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'factors', 'influencing', 'a', 'relocation', 'decision', 'is', 'very', 'limited', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'investigate', 'how', 'the', 'scientific', 'profile', 'of', 'a', 'scientist', 'determines', 'their', 'decision', 'to', 'move', 'ie', 'change', 'institution', 'to', 'this', 'aim', 'we', 'describe', 'a', 'scientists', 'profile', 'by', 'three', 'main', 'aspects', 'the', 'scientists', 'recent', 'scientific', 'career', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'their', 'scientific', 'environment', 'and', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'their', 'scientific', 'collaboration', 'network', 'we', 'then', 'design', 'and', 'implement', 'a', 'twostage', 'predictive', 'model', 'first', 'we', 'use', 'data', 'mining', 'to', 'predict', 'which', 'researcher', 'will', 'move', 'in', 'the', 'next', 'year', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'their', 'scientific', 'profile', 'second', 'we', 'predict', 'which', 'institution', 'they', 'will', 'choose', 'by', 'using', 'a', 'novel', 'socialgravity', 'model', 'an', 'adaptation', 'of', 'the', 'traditional', 'gravity', 'model', 'of', 'human', 'mobility', 'experiments', 'on', 'a', 'massive', 'dataset', 'of', 'scientific', 'publications', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'approach', 'performs', 'well', 'in', 'both', 'the', 'stages', 'resulting', 'in', 'a', '85', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'prediction', 'error', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'stateoftheart', 'approaches']] | [-0.05799558541427056, 0.05934944454645444, -0.09699375054333359, 0.05510468927634232, -0.148815048416948, -0.08249587077251368, 0.08281233878980188, 0.3939240027979102, -0.23398458780506734, -0.37411931987173436, 0.07247407561886973, -0.26852756170234804, -0.17579306350303706, 0.1630932469758601, -0.11654812961364508, 0.018056720765521644, 0.0987039062852875, 0.06291803726444728, 0.003008824358319585, -0.31044580009043343, 0.29453806671174776, 0.12829516847328892, 0.3481863112906101, 0.050920334331498576, 0.06741627807603164, -0.014319039854467258, -0.10565602273851547, -0.023899621678778536, -0.12199383604603026, 0.1938671953374006, 0.31896662305580215, 0.2348216907656484, 0.41837545575429524, -0.3956186340522321, -0.1704142264133298, 0.05107145444336133, 0.12085448815514087, 0.07302002230426297, -0.03030370138304565, -0.28583497284167586, 0.014844059178755543, -0.22210119447628057, -0.11602593141061993, -0.08070517279175592, 0.012007581637422928, -0.00398241391876477, -0.2202379329550888, -0.010122274071374244, 0.03169842478457902, 0.08459497177331098, -0.04032441680640753, -0.1074713323139532, 0.016725210471603292, 0.23808136437323757, 0.06422031884036165, 0.04589731825767192, 0.16563936836325735, -0.19366081806579497, -0.16295429704785774, 0.4092757501157707, -0.03387711450842948, -0.1518551967074645, 0.17530734811798435, -0.13218303680441332, -0.1634847817289504, 0.029338366571471267, 0.25316923480426046, 0.07630935845222196, -0.16287555033106882, 0.019567671450371478, 0.00405718057935565, 0.16797860162386177, 0.037411097438481436, -0.05209559530030465, 0.23856792621442985, 0.24477797860263623, 0.03229935877506846, 0.08523336537289379, -0.049584275229309485, -0.089483175469541, -0.24989543555052843, -0.16865084894354745, -0.14544385449891245, 0.010832659017037729, -0.054500997039484765, -0.14993538101064577, 0.45340544024974794, 0.21707484294826315, 0.11957917941316705, 0.02968034160459928, 0.3130295807067519, 0.03392742359983981, 0.0783698473810807, 0.054129296160388696, 0.2159077650385684, 0.02390022427726794, 0.1766435745153469, -0.17938862499481886, 0.13685310851640722, -0.013838909443129314] |
1,802.04831 | Intradomain phase transitions in flexible block copolymers with
self-aligning segments | We study a model of flexible block copolymers (BCPs) in which there is an
enlthalpic preference for local alignment, among like-block segments. We
describe a generalization of the self-consistent field theory (SCFT) of
flexible BCPs to include inter-segment orientational interactions via a
Landau-DeGennes free energy associated with a polar or nematic order parameter
for segments of one component of a diblock copolymer. We study the equilibrium
states of this model numerically, using a pseudo-spectral approach to solve for
chain conformation statistics in the presence of a self-consistent torque
generated by inter-segment alignment forces. Applying this theory to the
structure of lamellar domains composed of symmetric diblocks possessing a
single block of "self-aligning", polar segments, we show the emergence of
spatially complex segment order parameters (segment director fields) within a
given lamellar domain. Because BCP phase separation gives rise to spatially
inhomogeneous orientation order of segments even in the absence of explicit
intra-segment aligning forces, the director fields of BCPs, as well as
thermodynamics of lamellar domain formation, exhibit a highly non-linear
dependence on both the inter-block segregation ($\chi N$) and the enthalpy of
alignment ($\varepsilon$). Specifically, we predict the stability of new phases
of lamellar order in which distinct regions of alignment coexist within a
single mesodomain, and which spontaneously break the symmetry of the lamella
pattern of composition in the melt via in-plane tilt of the director in the
centers of the like-composition domains. We show further that, in analogy to a
Freedericksz transition in confined nematics, that the elastic costs to
reorient segments within the domain, as described by Frank elasticity, increase
the threshold value $\varepsilon$ needed to induce this intra-domain phase
transition.
| cond-mat.soft | we study a model of flexible block copolymers bcps in which there is an enlthalpic preference for local alignment among likeblock segments we describe a generalization of the selfconsistent field theory scft of flexible bcps to include intersegment orientational interactions via a landaudegennes free energy associated with a polar or nematic order parameter for segments of one component of a diblock copolymer we study the equilibrium states of this model numerically using a pseudospectral approach to solve for chain conformation statistics in the presence of a selfconsistent torque generated by intersegment alignment forces applying this theory to the structure of lamellar domains composed of symmetric diblocks possessing a single block of selfaligning polar segments we show the emergence of spatially complex segment order parameters segment director fields within a given lamellar domain because bcp phase separation gives rise to spatially inhomogeneous orientation order of segments even in the absence of explicit intrasegment aligning forces the director fields of bcps as well as thermodynamics of lamellar domain formation exhibit a highly nonlinear dependence on both the interblock segregation chi n and the enthalpy of alignment varepsilon specifically we predict the stability of new phases of lamellar order in which distinct regions of alignment coexist within a single mesodomain and which spontaneously break the symmetry of the lamella pattern of composition in the melt via inplane tilt of the director in the centers of the likecomposition domains we show further that in analogy to a freedericksz transition in confined nematics that the elastic costs to reorient segments within the domain as described by frank elasticity increase the threshold value varepsilon needed to induce this intradomain phase transition | [['we', 'study', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'flexible', 'block', 'copolymers', 'bcps', 'in', 'which', 'there', 'is', 'an', 'enlthalpic', 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1,802.04832 | Analysis of Short-Term Stability of Miniature 171Yb+ Buffer Gas Cooled
Trapped Ion Clock | We demonstrate an improvement in short-term stability by a factor of 10 over
a previous generation miniature buffer gas cooled trapped ion clock. We
describe the enhancement to detection SNR that has enabled this improvement,
the method of clock operation, and the measurement of clock short-term
stability. Additionally, we numerically investigate the magnitude of the Dick
effect in our pulsed ion clock.
| physics.atom-ph | we demonstrate an improvement in shortterm stability by a factor of 10 over a previous generation miniature buffer gas cooled trapped ion clock we describe the enhancement to detection snr that has enabled this improvement the method of clock operation and the measurement of clock shortterm stability additionally we numerically investigate the magnitude of the dick effect in our pulsed ion clock | [['we', 'demonstrate', 'an', 'improvement', 'in', 'shortterm', 'stability', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '10', 'over', 'a', 'previous', 'generation', 'miniature', 'buffer', 'gas', 'cooled', 'trapped', 'ion', 'clock', 'we', 'describe', 'the', 'enhancement', 'to', 'detection', 'snr', 'that', 'has', 'enabled', 'this', 'improvement', 'the', 'method', 'of', 'clock', 'operation', 'and', 'the', 'measurement', 'of', 'clock', 'shortterm', 'stability', 'additionally', 'we', 'numerically', 'investigate', 'the', 'magnitude', 'of', 'the', 'dick', 'effect', 'in', 'our', 'pulsed', 'ion', 'clock']] | [-0.1588645675829837, 0.12973841195085814, 0.0021062289635019917, -0.06594520659493883, 0.05587009538806254, -0.10317412055578203, 0.13925704456144763, 0.4548146006080412, -0.23818250351224937, -0.30523808964438015, 0.08382255982442369, -0.2089105407977777, -0.03661274407509594, 0.22220166261127638, -0.08548861525149175, 0.04951029818414921, 0.06194560777681369, 0.023238704479750124, -0.039209977434497445, -0.2338057302178875, 0.16148516052072087, 0.18082917217285402, 0.3209055853526919, 0.049952046029389865, 0.15121869376443717, -0.06653049872857669, 0.01273811749753452, -0.033564174247364846, -0.10439518507583641, 0.09622075865345617, 0.15208677719196967, 0.0756474399879094, 0.28189096200249847, -0.42589509118378405, -0.2556348298676312, 0.12552392305975268, 0.1309815617578645, 0.1398794356195609, -0.08087473241011461, -0.2743748776734837, 0.040929878637525105, -0.2680866913419337, -0.13311681936254666, -0.07671911984441741, 0.0057830289456873175, 0.030102619593362172, -0.25305871818695336, 0.03719287962021847, 0.08543126732711831, 0.1228731385987973, -0.0849110655141093, -0.05881176481864626, 0.11651934706230438, 0.05844738803082897, -0.030520853766750906, 0.01723762773608248, 0.1826430740080879, -0.07126293441415915, -0.14808152226971522, 0.34602464206757083, -0.1878540245966325, -0.08752318130685918, 0.13835635244275532, -0.15858964427494474, -0.09236120147209975, 0.13643936171466786, 0.17587440089893439, 0.06523722468034154, -0.1091332986890789, -0.029526971754685584, 0.006931243269073386, 0.25318264041808075, 0.1581217114130155, 0.07707426428884989, 0.15755842313651117, 0.2726084139618662, 0.05504015565759713, 0.19473617404535967, -0.19922936279627104, -0.057542962630489664, -0.2239509341457198, -0.14472415801438113, -0.11451666834839289, 0.04923527394872038, -0.06119582781754997, -0.08126687563415017, 0.41427250864404824, 0.21710884051337356, 0.12320319806871514, -0.02492893918327266, 0.38130517230339106, 0.12217668427958063, 0.06671603414560517, 0.024997408389143886, 0.317308499898401, 0.09797305017784838, 0.13002204390866082, -0.34783127357161814, 0.03209012038555117, 0.037681093499545126] |
1,802.04833 | Studies of high-energy pulsars: The special case of PSR J1849-0001 | We present the results from the data analysis of the XMM-Newton observation
(53.6 ks) on PSR J1849-0001. We studied in detail the X-ray emission of this
pulsar and we found extended emission (up to ~100 arcsec) from the Pulsar Wind
Nebula (PWN), confirming that this is a case of a Pulsar/PWN system and
strengthening the evidence that X-ray, hard X-ray and TeV gamma-ray sources are
manifestations of the same system. Another important result of our study is the
clear evidence that the X-ray PWN of PSR J1849-0001 is asymmetric.
| astro-ph.HE | we present the results from the data analysis of the xmmnewton observation 536 ks on psr j18490001 we studied in detail the xray emission of this pulsar and we found extended emission up to 100 arcsec from the pulsar wind nebula pwn confirming that this is a case of a pulsarpwn system and strengthening the evidence that xray hard xray and tev gammaray sources are manifestations of the same system another important result of our study is the clear evidence that the xray pwn of psr j18490001 is asymmetric | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'results', 'from', 'the', 'data', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'xmmnewton', 'observation', '536', 'ks', 'on', 'psr', 'j18490001', 'we', 'studied', 'in', 'detail', 'the', 'xray', 'emission', 'of', 'this', 'pulsar', 'and', 'we', 'found', 'extended', 'emission', 'up', 'to', '100', 'arcsec', 'from', 'the', 'pulsar', 'wind', 'nebula', 'pwn', 'confirming', 'that', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'pulsarpwn', 'system', 'and', 'strengthening', 'the', 'evidence', 'that', 'xray', 'hard', 'xray', 'and', 'tev', 'gammaray', 'sources', 'are', 'manifestations', 'of', 'the', 'same', 'system', 'another', 'important', 'result', 'of', 'our', 'study', 'is', 'the', 'clear', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'xray', 'pwn', 'of', 'psr', 'j18490001', 'is', 'asymmetric']] | [-0.08923153863863999, 0.060322472925057234, -0.08908565144127842, 0.1489153333868978, -0.1402788939493384, -0.06174006482083978, 0.06609170317513806, 0.45069249099894854, -0.1757351978903694, -0.3170602480682094, 0.0869925612010836, -0.346929308445601, -0.055380371085294845, 0.26742325505513825, 0.008208958568114244, -0.04529207190394067, 0.14401814407993402, -0.08120832281982464, -0.015355839909399661, -0.17502293275019123, 0.2643669455958363, 0.09509958867820796, 0.13959702621266412, 0.05851362811485201, 0.1055043390965131, -0.05541929747030307, -0.018457608511985354, -0.0458653001428655, -0.08219750793616411, 0.09102164175403252, 0.18339635458973685, 0.12272919731586125, 0.1340021693325612, -0.3259798362223285, -0.20991604022807284, 0.02389658678302102, 0.1615241310412713, -0.043096585732916096, -0.019505180969175077, -0.320375563804416, 0.09352735656554277, -0.25715766647788746, -0.20415328120749987, 0.08666913590676496, 0.04382337056351512, 0.0205042057885171, -0.15390686806437842, 0.1070588300935924, 0.07688212443634951, 0.05348521258598298, -0.2045644861907604, -0.049465544370076296, 0.05149081411373833, 0.012620265689793598, 0.10297545054247288, 0.06558088848780673, 0.09176626632492361, -0.09923471370711923, -0.13930007512942794, 0.38538368484737834, 0.005963309130728182, 0.06659609232139721, 0.20805559447558408, -0.2511832298805121, -0.24976104253568174, 0.1763248190759901, 0.08523890532009053, 0.08810400139681702, -0.16486390819249863, 0.020022046336972184, -0.11891888537224424, 0.2847307586644808, 0.030171790730543015, 0.04807101870792803, 0.2666524368373604, 0.15445885288377365, 0.005707527594536208, 0.23787680495624547, -0.3004674017089262, 0.01830536656583963, -0.2834984714144401, -0.0722069656495999, -0.14654696196987388, 0.13768242151094495, -0.11194181134038098, -0.07922586303117968, 0.38789957677003706, 0.12606732059646858, 0.14135545978762126, -0.030281074114897277, 0.31988136795757527, 0.13753668850567716, 0.004187278104213516, 0.13708234625983606, 0.3363427604349811, 0.15698834014742563, 0.15818911502556351, -0.22934214038816228, 0.06908609968181072, -0.06110452934890316] |
1,802.04834 | Challenging Images For Minds and Machines | There is no denying the tremendous leap in the performance of machine
learning methods in the past half-decade. Some might even say that specific
sub-fields in pattern recognition, such as machine-vision, are as good as
solved, reaching human and super-human levels. Arguably, lack of training data
and computation power are all that stand between us and solving the remaining
ones. In this position paper we underline cases in vision which are challenging
to machines and even to human observers. This is to show limitations of
contemporary models that are hard to ameliorate by following the current trend
to increase training data, network capacity or computational power. Moreover,
we claim that attempting to do so is in principle a suboptimal approach. We
provide a taster of such examples in hope to encourage and challenge the
machine learning community to develop new directions to solve the said
difficulties.
| cs.LG cs.AI cs.CV | there is no denying the tremendous leap in the performance of machine learning methods in the past halfdecade some might even say that specific subfields in pattern recognition such as machinevision are as good as solved reaching human and superhuman levels arguably lack of training data and computation power are all that stand between us and solving the remaining ones in this position paper we underline cases in vision which are challenging to machines and even to human observers this is to show limitations of contemporary models that are hard to ameliorate by following the current trend to increase training data network capacity or computational power moreover we claim that attempting to do so is in principle a suboptimal approach we provide a taster of such examples in hope to encourage and challenge the machine learning community to develop new directions to solve the said difficulties | [['there', 'is', 'no', 'denying', 'the', 'tremendous', 'leap', 'in', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'machine', 'learning', 'methods', 'in', 'the', 'past', 'halfdecade', 'some', 'might', 'even', 'say', 'that', 'specific', 'subfields', 'in', 'pattern', 'recognition', 'such', 'as', 'machinevision', 'are', 'as', 'good', 'as', 'solved', 'reaching', 'human', 'and', 'superhuman', 'levels', 'arguably', 'lack', 'of', 'training', 'data', 'and', 'computation', 'power', 'are', 'all', 'that', 'stand', 'between', 'us', 'and', 'solving', 'the', 'remaining', 'ones', 'in', 'this', 'position', 'paper', 'we', 'underline', 'cases', 'in', 'vision', 'which', 'are', 'challenging', 'to', 'machines', 'and', 'even', 'to', 'human', 'observers', 'this', 'is', 'to', 'show', 'limitations', 'of', 'contemporary', 'models', 'that', 'are', 'hard', 'to', 'ameliorate', 'by', 'following', 'the', 'current', 'trend', 'to', 'increase', 'training', 'data', 'network', 'capacity', 'or', 'computational', 'power', 'moreover', 'we', 'claim', 'that', 'attempting', 'to', 'do', 'so', 'is', 'in', 'principle', 'a', 'suboptimal', 'approach', 'we', 'provide', 'a', 'taster', 'of', 'such', 'examples', 'in', 'hope', 'to', 'encourage', 'and', 'challenge', 'the', 'machine', 'learning', 'community', 'to', 'develop', 'new', 'directions', 'to', 'solve', 'the', 'said', 'difficulties']] | [-0.056984496519786036, 0.03185718139148738, -0.05549320120568553, 0.06969863429469414, -0.15156158877932147, -0.17587742883686538, 0.05213034589382603, 0.4331331319073598, -0.2870042825864041, -0.35561775169331317, 0.11160486833310418, -0.282317864622487, -0.1617055350295842, 0.22161218587050777, -0.17986226293927357, 0.06835700887293644, 0.1214625624332207, 0.045577695400474835, -0.04049648237988761, -0.293428691142328, 0.2809734444027489, 0.04671973748011387, 0.28866261729894027, 0.06846061902605508, 0.06376056168834385, -0.07351290677316895, 0.007640697569139812, 0.02755484948013636, -0.05829809074172884, 0.15609811722900566, 0.36268622976878184, 0.22371542936251562, 0.3656430649379753, -0.437025376493494, -0.197138482288534, 0.1655213793258068, 0.1586914702170299, 0.12702131609684367, -0.04242480003469534, -0.23562747333198786, 0.10882197264326762, -0.15303446348813962, -0.07410314513612794, -0.1367493965893255, 0.015233212820420118, -0.01808324614571637, -0.23459051360937525, 0.01979132636118527, 0.07940650697187951, 0.0625065322518859, -0.026953358345303033, -0.11043000012980647, 0.05772156126108276, 0.17578671190868553, 0.1152254588302378, 0.05418461931180464, 0.0838941006174898, -0.2027553319388822, -0.16109894354802187, 0.39896804175964773, -0.0025799216635601775, -0.18609184473880555, 0.22573953134498928, -0.10734615952401638, -0.16989591438961152, 0.06866636681960488, 0.20853595700185135, 0.04865435147275255, -0.14055398621991888, 0.031082573698830395, -0.015645658713765442, 0.1392502915879635, 0.05049504038609871, -0.00174257039389101, 0.18617912109348003, 0.17891243988431174, 0.0554469061851157, 0.09042272586790105, -0.05654988995408767, -0.09366307411923341, -0.23771767214910217, -0.13415149112602007, -0.17374072101506188, 0.00588212609099709, -0.016684226053332342, -0.11872309886400703, 0.33903970070540496, 0.24201437941210566, 0.18452429449925684, 0.07057077859046754, 0.31820424098189765, 0.06221937270291239, 0.10305613813776689, 0.11235274834086327, 0.24938228485283717, 0.029616069455299373, 0.1301545933278099, -0.17149416189752392, 0.06760942172346802, -0.03126550916811987] |
1,802.04835 | Upper cluster algebras and choice of ground ring | We initiate a study of the dependence on the choice of ground ring on the
question of whether a cluster algebra is equal to its upper cluster algebra. A
condition for when there is equality of the cluster algebra and upper cluster
algebra is given by using a variation of Muller's theory of cluster
localization. An explicit example exhibiting dependence on the ground ring is
provided. We also present a maximal green sequence for this example.
| math.AC | we initiate a study of the dependence on the choice of ground ring on the question of whether a cluster algebra is equal to its upper cluster algebra a condition for when there is equality of the cluster algebra and upper cluster algebra is given by using a variation of mullers theory of cluster localization an explicit example exhibiting dependence on the ground ring is provided we also present a maximal green sequence for this example | [['we', 'initiate', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'choice', 'of', 'ground', 'ring', 'on', 'the', 'question', 'of', 'whether', 'a', 'cluster', 'algebra', 'is', 'equal', 'to', 'its', 'upper', 'cluster', 'algebra', 'a', 'condition', 'for', 'when', 'there', 'is', 'equality', 'of', 'the', 'cluster', 'algebra', 'and', 'upper', 'cluster', 'algebra', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'using', 'a', 'variation', 'of', 'mullers', 'theory', 'of', 'cluster', 'localization', 'an', 'explicit', 'example', 'exhibiting', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'ground', 'ring', 'is', 'provided', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'a', 'maximal', 'green', 'sequence', 'for', 'this', 'example']] | [-0.16117303354028417, 0.06606203720366466, -0.11201606869795605, 0.06894992382455568, -0.08285526601340328, -0.07650307594112267, 0.06576622979972806, 0.3563227629485099, -0.2702188657988843, -0.27245047681131646, 0.16894991183653474, -0.22113345017485125, -0.14116936071628802, 0.20901333414459308, -0.0405660773578443, -0.057401584135828, 0.06932745010616552, 0.15197384418723614, -0.05830224440433085, -0.24235448565971301, 0.386167929759004, 0.05503362314898128, 0.23372552266013563, 0.06068922510664714, 0.11592092483892645, 0.03155131106215872, 0.017933052192491136, 0.005378270717827897, -0.1800600369277067, 0.1399802919569131, 0.1677516557637749, 0.12602119121430932, 0.2628294050105308, -0.34970694248515527, -0.0913369535885163, 0.1367903079494442, 0.15905189571755105, 0.09360952109196469, -0.07632339026282639, -0.23028983636514136, 0.11837668886935142, -0.21158876527854437, -0.1575475202070696, 0.02102990846737827, 0.11717429803684354, -0.0095091982236083, -0.2720492852141002, 0.0642470198918569, 0.06387244814418648, 0.1468488838650764, -0.10274459763374914, -0.06185435440918235, -0.013261993746518305, 0.11949764750783001, -0.06512337111206234, 0.041630249577696975, 0.1349155449210421, -0.11387745985503946, -0.1014743197807356, 0.3376976056269517, -0.024978617310376938, -0.19015251933351943, 0.15793987467737966, -0.16180788459084733, -0.1619800555176641, 0.05508961522412535, 0.08437266796337146, 0.1041019760059977, -0.08967850327673277, 0.1691696031477094, -0.13732708171301056, 0.15357198539239011, 0.034529306509188916, 0.014527983938981043, 0.17702497201236456, 0.16824046616430247, 0.11556723206012975, 0.22223679701748647, -0.030204346284000694, -0.05105482207268084, -0.3343435484229734, -0.135237950997084, -0.18760379608475455, 0.0899469246720209, -0.07970769409879913, -0.19349438167716326, 0.38924722594061967, 0.09628345101679626, 0.18597356541278331, 0.0494463042061972, 0.21621292387135327, 0.16330676948602654, 0.047423811476236505, 0.037565869067820085, 0.14554952771255844, 0.21669899211816587, -0.007903447295048912, -0.2298043498793911, 0.02601679244789442, 0.12900121051413743] |
1,802.04836 | Parameter and Insertion Function Co-synthesis for Opacity Enhancement in
Parametric Stochastic Discrete Event Systems | Opacity is a property that characterizes the system's capability to keep its
"secret" from being inferred by an intruder that partially observes the
system's behavior. In this paper, we are concerned with enhancing the opacity
using insertion functions, while at the same time, enforcing the task
specification in a parametric stochastic discrete event system. We first obtain
the parametric Markov decision process that encodes all the possible
insertions. Based on which, we convert this parameter and insertion function
co-synthesis problem into a nonlinear program. We prove that if the output of
this program satisfies all the constraints, it will be a valid solution to our
problem. Therefore, the security and the capability of enforcing the task
specification can be simultaneously guaranteed.
| cs.CR | opacity is a property that characterizes the systems capability to keep its secret from being inferred by an intruder that partially observes the systems behavior in this paper we are concerned with enhancing the opacity using insertion functions while at the same time enforcing the task specification in a parametric stochastic discrete event system we first obtain the parametric markov decision process that encodes all the possible insertions based on which we convert this parameter and insertion function cosynthesis problem into a nonlinear program we prove that if the output of this program satisfies all the constraints it will be a valid solution to our problem therefore the security and the capability of enforcing the task specification can be simultaneously guaranteed | [['opacity', 'is', 'a', 'property', 'that', 'characterizes', 'the', 'systems', 'capability', 'to', 'keep', 'its', 'secret', 'from', 'being', 'inferred', 'by', 'an', 'intruder', 'that', 'partially', 'observes', 'the', 'systems', 'behavior', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'are', 'concerned', 'with', 'enhancing', 'the', 'opacity', 'using', 'insertion', 'functions', 'while', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'enforcing', 'the', 'task', 'specification', 'in', 'a', 'parametric', 'stochastic', 'discrete', 'event', 'system', 'we', 'first', 'obtain', 'the', 'parametric', 'markov', 'decision', 'process', 'that', 'encodes', 'all', 'the', 'possible', 'insertions', 'based', 'on', 'which', 'we', 'convert', 'this', 'parameter', 'and', 'insertion', 'function', 'cosynthesis', 'problem', 'into', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'program', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'output', 'of', 'this', 'program', 'satisfies', 'all', 'the', 'constraints', 'it', 'will', 'be', 'a', 'valid', 'solution', 'to', 'our', 'problem', 'therefore', 'the', 'security', 'and', 'the', 'capability', 'of', 'enforcing', 'the', 'task', 'specification', 'can', 'be', 'simultaneously', 'guaranteed']] | [-0.11874751423770362, 0.06965276920383369, -0.08971368059254259, 0.06114502814038253, -0.09587390837067168, -0.13524549626475893, 0.07203253737385269, 0.35854036727927874, -0.32875646860146324, -0.28847945880237197, 0.1390841067556969, -0.24201747590352682, -0.11973774771798741, 0.15650678548407704, -0.09127912504121291, 0.10575020544698524, 0.06078595518060452, 0.02810175581989148, -0.04856308005906041, -0.23612604835570966, 0.3259078032772003, 0.05327841304704424, 0.25667838155953904, 0.04172435059589295, 0.1515836614676682, 0.05033644962062951, 0.011848668748231928, -0.006365400765953232, -0.06887705702731994, 0.08202109570915173, 0.2491768412503668, 0.21365112721465898, 0.28939174983865956, -0.4042965216823846, -0.1883736442281934, 0.12192419544740268, 0.11039944877054288, 0.10832979189100182, -0.0168375508496076, -0.2599659808411086, 0.1130573762934809, -0.1540958696941668, -0.08498747808058277, -0.04139312011890175, -0.04735538380774708, -0.006972726336815048, -0.31826610481443485, 0.003283877048856956, 0.1044724507926971, -0.0048292493909474245, -0.05137236777419794, -0.03605833493677268, -0.035482070922528294, 0.1540719053769592, 0.03143577258971381, 0.027337968241700455, 0.10698613756497906, -0.12241210902594646, -0.09693954180452727, 0.37394258433718175, -0.05162874543231196, -0.2231127115135843, 0.1394205466778718, -0.10021862020131109, -0.18697764239589537, 0.1364038301235419, 0.16453900772400878, 0.12230224202363944, -0.19330966324845622, 0.08246913552957717, -0.04161635528834275, 0.23191230481371192, 0.026796853816336837, 0.038367080171246175, 0.19409225720427314, 0.16716482504155517, 0.10213851055884657, 0.18568259517639135, -0.031233034705433396, -0.06991509967945393, -0.3164456950746908, -0.14882221800652295, -0.1570194241887128, -0.0031647356862032957, -0.05492234170751469, -0.14400119783957144, 0.36843343162793696, 0.19457695297204142, 0.19147819071269231, 0.12321762480168827, 0.3198292286650947, 0.17734776967501437, 0.06667849964516098, 0.10336060855395261, 0.21053718909436514, 0.04278335991038456, 0.09742558359799613, -0.2181684633482186, 0.15162919688015436, 0.06897185556013291] |
1,802.04837 | Adapting the CVA model to Leland's framework | We consider the framework proposed by Burgard and Kjaer (2011) that derives
the PDE which governs the price of an option including bilateral counterparty
risk and funding. We extend this work by relaxing the assumption of absence of
transaction costs in the hedging portfolio by proposing a cost proportional to
the amount of assets traded and the traded price. After deriving the nonlinear
PDE, we prove the existence of a solution for the corresponding
initial-boundary value problem. Moreover, we develop a numerical scheme that
allows to find the solution of the PDE by setting different values for each
parameter of the model. To understand the impact of each variable within the
model, we analyze the Greeks of the option and the sensitivity of the price to
changes in all the risk factors.
| q-fin.MF math.AP q-fin.CP q-fin.PR | we consider the framework proposed by burgard and kjaer 2011 that derives the pde which governs the price of an option including bilateral counterparty risk and funding we extend this work by relaxing the assumption of absence of transaction costs in the hedging portfolio by proposing a cost proportional to the amount of assets traded and the traded price after deriving the nonlinear pde we prove the existence of a solution for the corresponding initialboundary value problem moreover we develop a numerical scheme that allows to find the solution of the pde by setting different values for each parameter of the model to understand the impact of each variable within the model we analyze the greeks of the option and the sensitivity of the price to changes in all the risk factors | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'framework', 'proposed', 'by', 'burgard', 'and', 'kjaer', '2011', 'that', 'derives', 'the', 'pde', 'which', 'governs', 'the', 'price', 'of', 'an', 'option', 'including', 'bilateral', 'counterparty', 'risk', 'and', 'funding', 'we', 'extend', 'this', 'work', 'by', 'relaxing', 'the', 'assumption', 'of', 'absence', 'of', 'transaction', 'costs', 'in', 'the', 'hedging', 'portfolio', 'by', 'proposing', 'a', 'cost', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'amount', 'of', 'assets', 'traded', 'and', 'the', 'traded', 'price', 'after', 'deriving', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'pde', 'we', 'prove', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'solution', 'for', 'the', 'corresponding', 'initialboundary', 'value', 'problem', 'moreover', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'numerical', 'scheme', 'that', 'allows', 'to', 'find', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'pde', 'by', 'setting', 'different', 'values', 'for', 'each', 'parameter', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'impact', 'of', 'each', 'variable', 'within', 'the', 'model', 'we', 'analyze', 'the', 'greeks', 'of', 'the', 'option', 'and', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'of', 'the', 'price', 'to', 'changes', 'in', 'all', 'the', 'risk', 'factors']] | [-0.09359586178184007, 0.003707132286460061, -0.07740453163613424, 0.07713801016992268, -0.08101646709749757, -0.09760394406519922, 0.132424676206993, 0.33248565124460694, -0.2952615757098873, -0.2749980726617981, 0.1774334552165149, -0.2716265144409783, -0.14065219981200766, 0.1446553831443783, -0.12530862808291038, 0.05795094575726332, 0.018992726818065752, -0.030602546853267333, 0.008341623598839347, -0.27169526732001087, 0.326677568995034, 0.0744789340039433, 0.25485346834598616, 0.06936196045893611, 0.17292856139123836, 0.02074982964955835, -0.043718262198098906, -0.0011862935039751005, -0.17581693256844036, 0.15918226785315986, 0.2490789113622723, 0.11363011332419277, 0.3850554160660867, -0.4366089543556992, -0.15424517079020117, 0.14161532256173703, 0.0028507741023504145, 0.056871997184564614, 0.01861550770241372, -0.2641031992283057, 0.014584870139405019, -0.2238617927827308, -0.14930236600621632, -0.06033351012350371, 0.0008691349137348659, 0.00956232503945516, -0.3303225541877151, 0.0719380604674701, 0.015568485682844326, -0.021748599448156627, -0.09984801404194017, -0.11203100497721497, -0.027677235024219208, 0.09154047923882237, 0.16078350860995919, -0.07392698547548869, 0.09740357238545337, -0.1448262452860504, -0.14248927672054956, 0.37847996877054824, -0.08843754745391903, -0.2065353200940246, 0.06561131279379355, -0.12802606403023342, -0.08308574610220437, 0.10125803573155832, 0.1863827703125549, 0.06293561474144967, -0.19324137444720801, 0.09087148875132146, -0.04458864540334396, 0.1668538618197834, 0.05878026071723346, -0.012449579814336064, 0.107816967562857, 0.1699926172714737, 0.13341411334025025, 0.15937811882009334, -0.07200553855562414, -0.16074191470926796, -0.31185681819492445, -0.1705889805837642, -0.11611370003701074, 0.01664190695825682, -0.15074294523969223, -0.1355650191773858, 0.42515289499062253, 0.19793985683160523, 0.13916848964370068, 0.11420915002853496, 0.2529351571274949, 0.19031163372776724, -0.006703408039880522, 0.10442378894235431, 0.2126796520244556, -0.0031756759289595666, 0.12762935453263874, -0.24117319757969005, 0.16514311677063676, 0.07766247382669737] |
1,802.04838 | Network Estimation from Point Process Data | Consider observing a collection of discrete events within a network that
reflect how network nodes influence one another. Such data are common in spike
trains recorded from biological neural networks, interactions within a social
network, and a variety of other settings. Data of this form may be modeled as
self-exciting point processes, in which the likelihood of future events depends
on the past events. This paper addresses the problem of estimating
self-excitation parameters and inferring the underlying functional network
structure from self-exciting point process data. Past work in this area was
limited by strong assumptions which are addressed by the novel approach here.
Specifically, in this paper we (1) incorporate saturation in a point process
model which both ensures stability and models non-linear thresholding effects;
(2) impose general low-dimensional structural assumptions that include
sparsity, group sparsity and low-rankness that allows bounds to be developed in
the high-dimensional setting; and (3) incorporate long-range memory effects
through moving average and higher-order auto-regressive components. Using our
general framework, we provide a number of novel theoretical guarantees for
high-dimensional self-exciting point processes that reflect the role played by
the underlying network structure and long-term memory. We also provide
simulations and real data examples to support our methodology and main results.
| stat.ML cs.IT math.IT math.ST stat.TH | consider observing a collection of discrete events within a network that reflect how network nodes influence one another such data are common in spike trains recorded from biological neural networks interactions within a social network and a variety of other settings data of this form may be modeled as selfexciting point processes in which the likelihood of future events depends on the past events this paper addresses the problem of estimating selfexcitation parameters and inferring the underlying functional network structure from selfexciting point process data past work in this area was limited by strong assumptions which are addressed by the novel approach here specifically in this paper we 1 incorporate saturation in a point process model which both ensures stability and models nonlinear thresholding effects 2 impose general lowdimensional structural assumptions that include sparsity group sparsity and lowrankness that allows bounds to be developed in the highdimensional setting and 3 incorporate longrange memory effects through moving average and higherorder autoregressive components using our general framework we provide a number of novel theoretical guarantees for highdimensional selfexciting point processes that reflect the role played by the underlying network structure and longterm memory we also provide simulations and real data examples to support our methodology and main results | [['consider', 'observing', 'a', 'collection', 'of', 'discrete', 'events', 'within', 'a', 'network', 'that', 'reflect', 'how', 'network', 'nodes', 'influence', 'one', 'another', 'such', 'data', 'are', 'common', 'in', 'spike', 'trains', 'recorded', 'from', 'biological', 'neural', 'networks', 'interactions', 'within', 'a', 'social', 'network', 'and', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'other', 'settings', 'data', 'of', 'this', 'form', 'may', 'be', 'modeled', 'as', 'selfexciting', 'point', 'processes', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'likelihood', 'of', 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1,802.04839 | Generation and stabilization of Bell states via repeated projective
measurements on a driven ancilla qubit | A protocol is proposed to generate Bell states in two non-directly
interacting qubits by means of repeated measurements of the state of a central
ancilla connected to both qubits. An optimal measurement rate is found that
minimizes the time to stably encode a Bell state in the target qubits, being of
advantage in order to reduce detrimental effects from possible interactions
with the environment. The quality of the entanglement is assessed in terms of
the concurrence and the distance between the qubits state and the target Bell
state is quantified by the fidelity.
| quant-ph | a protocol is proposed to generate bell states in two nondirectly interacting qubits by means of repeated measurements of the state of a central ancilla connected to both qubits an optimal measurement rate is found that minimizes the time to stably encode a bell state in the target qubits being of advantage in order to reduce detrimental effects from possible interactions with the environment the quality of the entanglement is assessed in terms of the concurrence and the distance between the qubits state and the target bell state is quantified by the fidelity | [['a', 'protocol', 'is', 'proposed', 'to', 'generate', 'bell', 'states', 'in', 'two', 'nondirectly', 'interacting', 'qubits', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'repeated', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'state', 'of', 'a', 'central', 'ancilla', 'connected', 'to', 'both', 'qubits', 'an', 'optimal', 'measurement', 'rate', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'minimizes', 'the', 'time', 'to', 'stably', 'encode', 'a', 'bell', 'state', 'in', 'the', 'target', 'qubits', 'being', 'of', 'advantage', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'reduce', 'detrimental', 'effects', 'from', 'possible', 'interactions', 'with', 'the', 'environment', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'entanglement', 'is', 'assessed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'concurrence', 'and', 'the', 'distance', 'between', 'the', 'qubits', 'state', 'and', 'the', 'target', 'bell', 'state', 'is', 'quantified', 'by', 'the', 'fidelity']] | [-0.17287114215919838, 0.17940585299679104, -0.039159654399871055, 0.02403680385348549, 0.05390253809847585, -0.17104976521501236, 0.0869506204440056, 0.3448688194317662, -0.23894857676611497, -0.3089225698444668, 0.03512942511588335, -0.28905428599809174, -0.026890435838140547, 0.18150537287937882, -0.0505313999424486, 0.09868890194870207, 0.08453882214329812, 0.0778301265090704, -0.056109407914767, -0.2856497585206576, 0.3088040460994386, 0.06955830389810928, 0.31148900707130844, 0.010895996911289252, 0.12351464219872192, -0.006267991225721072, 0.043531137684982714, -0.0015668533894273899, -0.046893831345384926, 0.0966262820894253, 0.27634562690155173, 0.16082621679600814, 0.2578475971341781, -0.4397713579237461, -0.16187891388392966, 0.10822619906748118, 0.08133417564322767, 0.16082968860459718, 0.010641218912180351, -0.3585490047243302, -0.00848044212097707, -0.17760003163762714, -0.07365587125937252, -0.07689368984985935, 0.018870126678729834, -0.022864051189136935, -0.2773856994210054, 0.09678344708948355, 0.040562768816016614, -0.005695936735719442, 0.013249080030895446, -0.003474625040088659, -0.020574675052953156, 0.17259324709732976, -0.03070763061987236, 0.0373931663887798, 0.12953052775043508, -0.13821013066500082, -0.17102003942304494, 0.3098896004047002, -0.024375550591882886, -0.21837138135553055, 0.16842415549225456, -0.12466889739152975, -0.020048309856539836, 0.0840469219053731, 0.13563031887220542, 0.0872174694162348, -0.16130274589396204, 0.009555961813970023, 0.009619703759317812, 0.2530027409349872, 0.04315324340764757, 0.12195616388065822, 0.14032244032916977, 0.11522084410788248, 0.10292887863824549, 0.23331751226973924, -0.0743512122982951, -0.13071666838178594, -0.2961583889960109, -0.22220807019418673, -0.28721445071025065, 0.07433445699027051, -0.06154621785611633, -0.057801517880643194, 0.4152526286248442, 0.12465555218817748, 0.1844135049285124, -0.026862399893023237, 0.29415423307395744, 0.08582327629151025, 0.07666557366230889, 0.07391661202089618, 0.28938644850100187, 0.17433522212946706, -0.005682016216704379, -0.3054182374136239, 0.1435832154137366, 0.014415561530293653] |
1,802.0484 | The $S^1$-Equivariant signature for semi-free actions as an index
formula | John Lott defined an integer-valued signature $\sigma_{S^1}(M)$ for the orbit
space of a compact orientable manifold with a semi-free $S^1$-action but he did
not construct a Dirac-type operator which has this signature as its index. We
construct such operator on the orbit space and we show that it is essentially
unique and that its index coincides with Lott's signature, at least when the
stratified space satisfies the so-called Witt condition. For the non-Witt case,
this operator remains essentially self-adjoint (in contrast to the Hodge
de-Rham operator) and it has a well defined index which we conjecture will also
compute $\sigma_{S^1}(M)$. This article is a condensed version of the original
author's PhD Thesis where the theory of induced Dirac-Schr\"odinger-type
operators is developed in detail.
| math.DG | john lott defined an integervalued signature sigma_s1m for the orbit space of a compact orientable manifold with a semifree s1action but he did not construct a diractype operator which has this signature as its index we construct such operator on the orbit space and we show that it is essentially unique and that its index coincides with lotts signature at least when the stratified space satisfies the socalled witt condition for the nonwitt case this operator remains essentially selfadjoint in contrast to the hodge derham operator and it has a well defined index which we conjecture will also compute sigma_s1m this article is a condensed version of the original authors phd thesis where the theory of induced diracschrodingertype operators is developed in detail | [['john', 'lott', 'defined', 'an', 'integervalued', 'signature', 'sigma_s1m', 'for', 'the', 'orbit', 'space', 'of', 'a', 'compact', 'orientable', 'manifold', 'with', 'a', 'semifree', 's1action', 'but', 'he', 'did', 'not', 'construct', 'a', 'diractype', 'operator', 'which', 'has', 'this', 'signature', 'as', 'its', 'index', 'we', 'construct', 'such', 'operator', 'on', 'the', 'orbit', 'space', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'essentially', 'unique', 'and', 'that', 'its', 'index', 'coincides', 'with', 'lotts', 'signature', 'at', 'least', 'when', 'the', 'stratified', 'space', 'satisfies', 'the', 'socalled', 'witt', 'condition', 'for', 'the', 'nonwitt', 'case', 'this', 'operator', 'remains', 'essentially', 'selfadjoint', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'the', 'hodge', 'derham', 'operator', 'and', 'it', 'has', 'a', 'well', 'defined', 'index', 'which', 'we', 'conjecture', 'will', 'also', 'compute', 'sigma_s1m', 'this', 'article', 'is', 'a', 'condensed', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'original', 'authors', 'phd', 'thesis', 'where', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'induced', 'diracschrodingertype', 'operators', 'is', 'developed', 'in', 'detail']] | [-0.14821065298845099, 0.10625577676259157, -0.1335285974787783, 0.07528281898214285, -0.11895917472429574, -0.13558225856874795, -0.027541515625770667, 0.33405280673383353, -0.277065596887607, -0.23109268249959505, 0.13499777214044018, -0.2649709056033714, -0.19518919509812063, 0.15397721264871353, -0.14444517394715622, -0.016883577213293928, 0.051556925715862956, 0.10677192660690356, -0.08794655438371692, -0.2319443634351199, 0.4150261953590485, 0.048493768636356384, 0.1878577010087794, 0.06043758822855454, 0.11730060459333747, 0.006073449636582567, -0.013985387804847555, 0.01255998743268536, -0.14392382806979467, 0.10577932796088838, 0.24892966010012985, 0.08357703486582686, 0.21986202370500615, -0.3249734243018036, -0.1875039280075267, 0.18064008412115715, 0.11106584337735627, 0.01774864786836718, -0.01975100498133879, -0.27194256591219296, 0.10628833257428863, -0.1778020398738254, -0.19541294671626402, -0.037418491113148315, 0.07801920657844416, -0.0903579578461016, -0.24062051498448522, 0.0005511736217005757, 0.12181044052875437, 0.06558907607241589, -0.07545507187806383, -0.06762812468184143, -0.0683867809045808, 0.05502401172900533, 0.0027350353785328754, 0.082273935460869, 0.058555485301126704, -0.030752270445305884, -0.10755685414970234, 0.35490397960260633, -0.11228584644322072, -0.23125274368647894, 0.133693842244718, -0.16569840617305717, -0.1583578831539685, 0.053006995692379585, 0.05964294617541698, 0.16977452343924582, -0.05384623774138041, 0.20055143907519465, -0.13613963765757425, 0.11781477574415568, 0.08237578576634161, 0.03133709111227458, 0.1265904925012288, 0.09249070084393572, 0.13911626535514762, 0.11960717653386108, -0.01798432589383373, -0.06928555480744533, -0.33613264502785284, -0.22649217935419885, -0.18584351038693317, 0.09731078768325598, -0.018183977777131505, -0.2177842601061556, 0.41671574113013987, 0.06682789217711997, 0.16951438056758972, 0.055749041204411195, 0.2389698034825445, 0.16334074657085595, 0.043917361961407664, 0.10934793461161126, 0.17747168701549038, 0.1819231869738956, 0.08528008547556751, -0.1364938916497621, 0.009767429132264954, 0.19388721236066908] |
1,802.04841 | Evidence of a low-temperature dynamical transition in concentrated
microgels | A low-temperature dynamical transition has been reported in several proteins.
We provide the first observation of a `protein-like' dynamical transition in
nonbiological aqueous environments. To this aim we exploit the popular
colloidal system of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) microgels, extending
their investigation to unprecedentedly high concentrations. Owing to the
heterogeneous architecture of the microgels, water crystallization is avoided
in concentrated samples, allowing us to monitor atomic dynamics at low
temperatures. By elastic incoherent neutron scattering and molecular dynamics
simulations, we find that a dynamical transition occurs at a temperature
$T_d\sim250$~K, independently from PNIPAM mass fraction. However, the
transition is smeared out on approaching dry conditions. The quantitative
agreement between experiments and simulations provides evidence that the
transition occurs simultaneously for PNIPAM and water dynamics. The similarity
of these results with hydrated protein powders suggests that the dynamical
transition is a generic feature in complex macromolecular systems,
independently from their biological function.
| cond-mat.soft | a lowtemperature dynamical transition has been reported in several proteins we provide the first observation of a proteinlike dynamical transition in nonbiological aqueous environments to this aim we exploit the popular colloidal system of polynisopropylacrylamide pnipam microgels extending their investigation to unprecedentedly high concentrations owing to the heterogeneous architecture of the microgels water crystallization is avoided in concentrated samples allowing us to monitor atomic dynamics at low temperatures by elastic incoherent neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations we find that a dynamical transition occurs at a temperature t_dsim250k independently from pnipam mass fraction however the transition is smeared out on approaching dry conditions the quantitative agreement between experiments and simulations provides evidence that the transition occurs simultaneously for pnipam and water dynamics the similarity of these results with hydrated protein powders suggests that the dynamical transition is a generic feature in complex macromolecular systems independently from their biological function | [['a', 'lowtemperature', 'dynamical', 'transition', 'has', 'been', 'reported', 'in', 'several', 'proteins', 'we', 'provide', 'the', 'first', 'observation', 'of', 'a', 'proteinlike', 'dynamical', 'transition', 'in', 'nonbiological', 'aqueous', 'environments', 'to', 'this', 'aim', 'we', 'exploit', 'the', 'popular', 'colloidal', 'system', 'of', 'polynisopropylacrylamide', 'pnipam', 'microgels', 'extending', 'their', 'investigation', 'to', 'unprecedentedly', 'high', 'concentrations', 'owing', 'to', 'the', 'heterogeneous', 'architecture', 'of', 'the', 'microgels', 'water', 'crystallization', 'is', 'avoided', 'in', 'concentrated', 'samples', 'allowing', 'us', 'to', 'monitor', 'atomic', 'dynamics', 'at', 'low', 'temperatures', 'by', 'elastic', 'incoherent', 'neutron', 'scattering', 'and', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'simulations', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'a', 'dynamical', 'transition', 'occurs', 'at', 'a', 'temperature', 't_dsim250k', 'independently', 'from', 'pnipam', 'mass', 'fraction', 'however', 'the', 'transition', 'is', 'smeared', 'out', 'on', 'approaching', 'dry', 'conditions', 'the', 'quantitative', 'agreement', 'between', 'experiments', 'and', 'simulations', 'provides', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'transition', 'occurs', 'simultaneously', 'for', 'pnipam', 'and', 'water', 'dynamics', 'the', 'similarity', 'of', 'these', 'results', 'with', 'hydrated', 'protein', 'powders', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'dynamical', 'transition', 'is', 'a', 'generic', 'feature', 'in', 'complex', 'macromolecular', 'systems', 'independently', 'from', 'their', 'biological', 'function']] | [-0.11164562039807238, 0.2200327322714509, -0.10652847959332772, 0.02738340540845702, 0.011551579340939989, -0.11237913051091537, 0.07136608051715067, 0.40604018513742535, -0.22470072242808906, -0.2947898165801087, 0.03336262881025873, -0.3053418084148418, -0.1664921906713799, 0.12709391511020227, 0.04140276884081195, 0.06763973120817084, 0.033989876892568695, -0.04588091754330152, -0.06200825419541247, -0.1394053087357394, 0.25198160564586697, 0.07250928402956217, 0.2715369389845511, 0.09585500981130109, 0.09490049333072494, -0.04982175064002592, 0.06606449955300353, 0.004554352496524115, -0.20416406556137803, 0.05347083566232106, 0.29947763286228923, 0.008287475331894096, 0.21314518492845064, -0.4523199465301995, -0.27264952281414456, 0.06974958982381567, 0.13500795114865666, 0.12959487666061298, -0.09249156326876727, -0.2653230666434644, 0.04253159208865081, -0.13043736351175686, -0.13633843650412117, -0.09387246187386178, 0.0013578074506005726, 0.043568709389325486, -0.2223484300098986, 0.13187108841579961, 0.016627565761744924, 0.07412199039582275, -0.11111533717170509, -0.06760099166363157, -0.04617159706508942, 0.1362786562153692, 0.01910068710944993, -0.006997693649405059, 0.2607416362923293, -0.11276982207247685, -0.019721065418215823, 0.38926810377302606, -0.04636396749992855, -0.09624499171921932, 0.31642087019910736, -0.17094215623895964, -0.17615441237324597, 0.2588000973636234, 0.14342776916974626, 0.09916185085249536, -0.17796712546181437, 0.0074458859970626375, -0.020242691408949777, 0.2152896153715414, 0.07074703131896772, -0.018825216297930613, 0.2568198097507922, 0.2751119279717976, -0.03312818687157454, 0.15561364220795096, -0.08034915831160254, -0.13154302501887385, -0.13002630944577726, -0.14359217091987375, -0.17344959982909966, 0.054535715280704805, -0.10546925590923009, -0.1521205011081907, 0.2945650369681086, 0.14300331351901027, 0.19817591249640729, 0.04490010772447882, 0.2306246446930124, 0.01024227265215076, 0.04274915115486176, -0.011618351941374509, 0.24301723682170584, 0.12834073662619433, 0.15742319863764695, -0.27774240470780814, 0.12593910523463744, 0.0009721817285124514] |
1,802.04842 | A note on randomly scaled scale-decorated Poisson point processes | Randomly scaled scale-decorated Poisson point process is introduced recently
in Bhattacharya et al. [2017] where it appeared as weak limit of a sequence of
point processes in the context of branching random walk. In this article, we
obtain a characterization for these processes based on scaled-Laplace
functional. As a consequence, we obtain a characterization for strictly
$\alpha$-stable point process (also known as scale-decorated Poisson point
process) based on scaled-Laplace functional . a connection with randomly
shifted decorated Poisson point process is obtained. The tools and approach
used e very similar to those in Subag and Zeitouni [2015].
| math.PR | randomly scaled scaledecorated poisson point process is introduced recently in bhattacharya et al 2017 where it appeared as weak limit of a sequence of point processes in the context of branching random walk in this article we obtain a characterization for these processes based on scaledlaplace functional as a consequence we obtain a characterization for strictly alphastable point process also known as scaledecorated poisson point process based on scaledlaplace functional a connection with randomly shifted decorated poisson point process is obtained the tools and approach used e very similar to those in subag and zeitouni 2015 | [['randomly', 'scaled', 'scaledecorated', 'poisson', 'point', 'process', 'is', 'introduced', 'recently', 'in', 'bhattacharya', 'et', 'al', '2017', 'where', 'it', 'appeared', 'as', 'weak', 'limit', 'of', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'point', 'processes', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'branching', 'random', 'walk', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'characterization', 'for', 'these', 'processes', 'based', 'on', 'scaledlaplace', 'functional', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'characterization', 'for', 'strictly', 'alphastable', 'point', 'process', 'also', 'known', 'as', 'scaledecorated', 'poisson', 'point', 'process', 'based', 'on', 'scaledlaplace', 'functional', 'a', 'connection', 'with', 'randomly', 'shifted', 'decorated', 'poisson', 'point', 'process', 'is', 'obtained', 'the', 'tools', 'and', 'approach', 'used', 'e', 'very', 'similar', 'to', 'those', 'in', 'subag', 'and', 'zeitouni', '2015']] | [-0.03568170556335393, 0.07330908682791794, -0.11054590783091857, 0.05091652180418989, -0.04382156815994134, -0.10713265293792999, 0.13997813649698498, 0.3707322271421869, -0.2711067593884357, -0.25042596759591645, 0.09039708246734549, -0.24970175468541206, -0.22096723105084706, 0.18963179767547927, -0.1029581886844987, 0.08023049137579832, 0.03141350111864666, 0.008231237421723757, 0.015378005787769848, -0.23453157678979666, 0.31238659613944114, 0.10550173171894982, 0.27158988534690853, -0.04496560599952144, 0.10013324762397308, 0.06145113240927458, -0.08338521973556898, 0.0055179695222289, -0.14168782115101497, 0.0709359264992019, 0.21031233079810727, 0.02536010333495413, 0.23632812972596667, -0.3719989847233321, -0.1912851090582603, 0.11408203822545747, 0.09685483924113214, 0.057162964315292365, -0.06480869190381007, -0.31566495435470915, 0.09725168002571197, -0.13354906467398867, -0.14375420715263548, -0.016617302000126306, 0.05727991059997139, 0.07457783529931243, -0.3300345240537315, 0.05931310861172066, 0.15032266106139472, 0.029040484763483736, 0.017124203662883412, -0.15292946330985016, -0.00444221087889944, 0.06058941321308784, -0.026184299783632556, 0.06777444199480592, 0.13260148766827076, -0.030320673227369626, -0.17187022524786758, 0.3402482796500021, -0.07384614501782555, -0.1840562452066769, 0.20655774987956627, -0.11640892292749375, -0.22568123047537308, 0.09772408798713475, 0.16964491253144087, 0.14345262579104684, -0.20837136818730134, 0.14291701760970332, -0.04175818996086588, 0.04876445990800114, 0.10696538816146711, -0.030721612928554097, 0.13822166757915724, 0.16798431563012778, 0.08858792858317177, 0.13722564572309878, -0.07053689337385065, -0.15170292747318448, -0.2902153465163676, -0.15902478276613227, -0.22388480630941054, 0.11711934578426658, -0.06318707172628839, -0.2130148432445415, 0.28001105503991564, 0.1182685136606798, 0.28389559439482526, 0.05733605492067464, 0.16675669382118244, 0.1839601906335992, -0.0581519596546175, 0.050744338139416055, 0.1327701999478914, 0.17482854123722683, 0.11935243758055916, -0.03208524124459066, 0.057060786587324865, 0.13259534495189151] |
1,802.04843 | Sources of Variance in Two-Photon Microscopy Neuroimaging | Two-photon laser scanning microscopy is widely used in a quickly growing
field of neuroscience. It is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows
imaging of living tissue up to a very high depth to study inherent brain
structure and circuitry. Our project deals with examining images from
two-photon calcium imaging, a brain-imaging technique that allows for study of
neuronal activity in hundreds of neurons and and. As statisticians, we worked
to apply various methods to better understand the sources of variations that
are inherent in neuroimages from this imaging technique that are not part of
the controlled experiment. Thus, images can be made available for studying the
effects of physical stimulation on the working brain. Currently there is no
system to examine and prepare such brain images. Thus we worked to develop
methods to work towards this end. Our data set had images of a rat's brain in
two states. In the first state the rat is sedated and merely observed and in
the other it is repeatedly simulated via electric shocks. We first started by
controlling for the movement of the brain to more accurately observe the
physical characteristics of the brain. We analyzed how the variance of the
brain images varied between pre and post stimulus by applying Levene's Test.
Furthermore, we were able to measure how much the images were shifted to see
the overall change in movement of the brain due to electrical stimulus.
Therefore, we were able to visually observe how the brain structure and
variance change due to stimulus effects in rat brains.
| stat.AP | twophoton laser scanning microscopy is widely used in a quickly growing field of neuroscience it is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging of living tissue up to a very high depth to study inherent brain structure and circuitry our project deals with examining images from twophoton calcium imaging a brainimaging technique that allows for study of neuronal activity in hundreds of neurons and and as statisticians we worked to apply various methods to better understand the sources of variations that are inherent in neuroimages from this imaging technique that are not part of the controlled experiment thus images can be made available for studying the effects of physical stimulation on the working brain currently there is no system to examine and prepare such brain images thus we worked to develop methods to work towards this end our data set had images of a rats brain in two states in the first state the rat is sedated and merely observed and in the other it is repeatedly simulated via electric shocks we first started by controlling for the movement of the brain to more accurately observe the physical characteristics of the brain we analyzed how the variance of the brain images varied between pre and post stimulus by applying levenes test furthermore we were able to measure how much the images were shifted to see the overall change in movement of the brain due to electrical stimulus therefore we were able to visually observe how the brain structure and variance change due to stimulus effects in rat brains | [['twophoton', 'laser', 'scanning', 'microscopy', 'is', 'widely', 'used', 'in', 'a', 'quickly', 'growing', 'field', 'of', 'neuroscience', 'it', 'is', 'a', 'fluorescence', 'imaging', 'technique', 'that', 'allows', 'imaging', 'of', 'living', 'tissue', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'very', 'high', 'depth', 'to', 'study', 'inherent', 'brain', 'structure', 'and', 'circuitry', 'our', 'project', 'deals', 'with', 'examining', 'images', 'from', 'twophoton', 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1,802.04844 | Explicit One-Step Strong Numerical Methods of Orders 2.0 and 2.5 for Ito
Stochastic Differential Equations Based on the Unified Taylor-Ito and
Taylor-Stratonovich Expansions | The article is devoted to the construction of explicit one-step strong
numerical methods with the orders 2.0 and 2.5 of convergence for Ito stochastic
differential equations with multidimensional non-commutative noise. We consider
the numerical methods based on the unified Taylor-Ito and Taylor-Stratonovich
expansions. For the numerical modeling of iterated Ito and Stratonovich
stochastic integrals of multiplicities 1 to 5 we apply the method of multiple
Fourier-Legendre series converging in the sense of norm in Hilbert space
$L_2([t, T]^k),$ $k=1,\ldots,5$. The article is addressed to engineers who use
numerical modeling in stochastic control and for solving the non-linear
filtering problem. The article will be interesting to scientists who working in
the field of numerical integration of stochastic differential equations.
| math.PR | the article is devoted to the construction of explicit onestep strong numerical methods with the orders 20 and 25 of convergence for ito stochastic differential equations with multidimensional noncommutative noise we consider the numerical methods based on the unified taylorito and taylorstratonovich expansions for the numerical modeling of iterated ito and stratonovich stochastic integrals of multiplicities 1 to 5 we apply the method of multiple fourierlegendre series converging in the sense of norm in hilbert space l_2t tk k1ldots5 the article is addressed to engineers who use numerical modeling in stochastic control and for solving the nonlinear filtering problem the article will be interesting to scientists who working in the field of numerical integration of stochastic differential equations | [['the', 'article', 'is', 'devoted', 'to', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'explicit', 'onestep', 'strong', 'numerical', 'methods', 'with', 'the', 'orders', '20', 'and', '25', 'of', 'convergence', 'for', 'ito', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equations', 'with', 'multidimensional', 'noncommutative', 'noise', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'numerical', 'methods', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'unified', 'taylorito', 'and', 'taylorstratonovich', 'expansions', 'for', 'the', 'numerical', 'modeling', 'of', 'iterated', 'ito', 'and', 'stratonovich', 'stochastic', 'integrals', 'of', 'multiplicities', '1', 'to', '5', 'we', 'apply', 'the', 'method', 'of', 'multiple', 'fourierlegendre', 'series', 'converging', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'of', 'norm', 'in', 'hilbert', 'space', 'l_2t', 'tk', 'k1ldots5', 'the', 'article', 'is', 'addressed', 'to', 'engineers', 'who', 'use', 'numerical', 'modeling', 'in', 'stochastic', 'control', 'and', 'for', 'solving', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'filtering', 'problem', 'the', 'article', 'will', 'be', 'interesting', 'to', 'scientists', 'who', 'working', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'numerical', 'integration', 'of', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equations']] | [-0.0916232649081697, 0.0002795651547101318, -0.08091368439878958, 0.06613601369655922, -0.09514402569486545, -0.08222994974587494, 0.0006967774098818628, 0.3325911578125296, -0.30073272252184713, -0.26753710231417394, 0.13053567602864316, -0.2696369586046785, -0.17936396250564957, 0.23438698326886243, -0.1045857757433421, 0.10936564611446144, 0.04951920358734763, -0.02679888771361329, -0.1009278119995426, -0.29788261896365476, 0.3247133464130581, 0.05647898477136006, 0.19385001523635134, -0.038952003750536174, 0.1581037778956577, 0.008037124688808735, -0.11790841851287927, -0.0025583546826094547, -0.1598630663162718, 0.1579882338290843, 0.3161072285256834, 0.04950316120973892, 0.35380262040342086, -0.4524347942051852, -0.156522328557166, 0.062394132933173425, 0.15625517184818244, 0.04986187824024222, -0.024312854232067544, -0.27165067424742967, 0.052340356418146536, -0.16616354315167564, -0.1438650390228782, -0.12374883181473706, -0.01338544139602723, 0.09892701039202192, -0.3183387281118423, 0.07024839935171553, 0.06769425999782393, 0.08613858297148831, -0.05471303790676384, -0.12039021659706138, 0.06392402025178456, 0.06679432002954885, 0.06252311281043972, -0.0385639638078805, 0.06231261598758209, -0.07699465078230087, -0.1598644691029898, 0.3169539225821057, -0.07758110793930295, -0.24763058008960423, 0.14984697016935128, -0.14044675562912837, -0.14109539586063632, 0.1597623787422338, 0.18080482383569083, 0.1968232928019049, -0.16253869515310368, 0.1343425194450264, 0.004320219409866975, 0.08903132259654693, 0.0790103099698949, -0.02927502025810317, 0.05995835870122298, 0.15602596442445985, 0.08082933993771291, 0.09371915717040086, -0.022982239530175034, -0.2061013217903992, -0.33405570975260046, -0.1924630526732355, -0.11543794693703899, 0.0788661461108579, -0.11200704522237866, -0.17145645302425847, 0.3537039551963536, 0.1706858593890937, 0.10681325573728889, 0.07426661356779125, 0.27784472364836776, 0.2044586208370379, -0.03437949569013296, 0.04423383658385684, 0.16682147201246175, 0.1954308561503123, 0.16620936676557374, -0.20378672195455202, 0.005356162762603698, 0.14648921600678283] |
1,802.04845 | Using Naive Bayes Algorithm to Students' bachelor Academic Performances
Analysis | Academic Data Mining was one of emerging field which comprise procedure of
examined students details by different elements such as earlier semester marks,
attendance, assignment, discussion, lab work were of used to improved bachelor
academic performance of students, and overcome difficulties of low ranks of
bachelor students. It was extracted useful knowledge from bachelor academic
students data collected from department of Computing. Subsequently
preprocessing data, which was applied data mining techniques to discover
classification and clustering. In this study, classification method was
described which was based on naive byes algorithm and used for Academic data
mining. It was supportive to students along with to lecturers for evaluation of
academic performance. It was cautionary method for students to progress their
performance of study.
| cs.CY | academic data mining was one of emerging field which comprise procedure of examined students details by different elements such as earlier semester marks attendance assignment discussion lab work were of used to improved bachelor academic performance of students and overcome difficulties of low ranks of bachelor students it was extracted useful knowledge from bachelor academic students data collected from department of computing subsequently preprocessing data which was applied data mining techniques to discover classification and clustering in this study classification method was described which was based on naive byes algorithm and used for academic data mining it was supportive to students along with to lecturers for evaluation of academic performance it was cautionary method for students to progress their performance of study | [['academic', 'data', 'mining', 'was', 'one', 'of', 'emerging', 'field', 'which', 'comprise', 'procedure', 'of', 'examined', 'students', 'details', 'by', 'different', 'elements', 'such', 'as', 'earlier', 'semester', 'marks', 'attendance', 'assignment', 'discussion', 'lab', 'work', 'were', 'of', 'used', 'to', 'improved', 'bachelor', 'academic', 'performance', 'of', 'students', 'and', 'overcome', 'difficulties', 'of', 'low', 'ranks', 'of', 'bachelor', 'students', 'it', 'was', 'extracted', 'useful', 'knowledge', 'from', 'bachelor', 'academic', 'students', 'data', 'collected', 'from', 'department', 'of', 'computing', 'subsequently', 'preprocessing', 'data', 'which', 'was', 'applied', 'data', 'mining', 'techniques', 'to', 'discover', 'classification', 'and', 'clustering', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'classification', 'method', 'was', 'described', 'which', 'was', 'based', 'on', 'naive', 'byes', 'algorithm', 'and', 'used', 'for', 'academic', 'data', 'mining', 'it', 'was', 'supportive', 'to', 'students', 'along', 'with', 'to', 'lecturers', 'for', 'evaluation', 'of', 'academic', 'performance', 'it', 'was', 'cautionary', 'method', 'for', 'students', 'to', 'progress', 'their', 'performance', 'of', 'study']] | [0.037683439832257075, 0.021907045021195146, -0.13161226877270907, 0.0706972297802033, -0.19958939311880863, -0.1668994049097938, 0.08034208095296726, 0.39829394041148364, -0.17354920338152252, -0.4657752803282537, 0.0941663935549603, -0.30258015353904394, -0.13979139657630052, 0.23136614940938402, -0.1271210112723476, 0.06895168418480756, 0.13600268034020163, 0.06280508082642479, -0.022578826429871995, -0.423671557995506, 0.2796689668731367, 0.11340405271373323, 0.39920724394013646, 0.043549458186626894, 0.049395257690119876, 0.012330929718178804, -0.15005450498037895, -0.026964352503380754, -0.06946563614211733, 0.16321513284623745, 0.45078098639601566, 0.25312985080966083, 0.3666933130350758, -0.35536578170130734, -0.1214243623305906, 0.02082009752067264, 0.08747554833038909, 0.08173108045259857, -0.04393809560980251, -0.3597846393107024, 0.07565543719292542, -0.18401472026589097, -0.08245436933090086, -0.10200395612962178, 0.006251339740539733, -0.008029364295900272, -0.20178457248772755, 0.019963043341107788, 0.012748688088680358, 0.22219653813870716, -0.026733143835282715, -0.19659061416540843, 0.049320392211380064, 0.22038483144486415, 0.09153381474774147, 0.04366053061246811, 0.16368998549344232, -0.13705229530775095, -0.197415992804635, 0.35320786110194186, 0.01785905903480092, -0.07889322628320546, 0.18206649854756343, -0.06524435411298983, -0.17216816993781411, 0.08728799190311158, 0.2664859778034028, 0.048395980285961544, -0.21579322973495257, -0.0006520945540525317, 0.034361189459813146, 0.14064730072134465, 0.08700684972534903, -0.13994377888128406, 0.1455237315490567, 0.2131341017599477, -0.04046283297423945, 0.12410336614636032, -0.022068927406150175, -0.06670185485396718, -0.19333054354131893, -0.17903429062914897, -0.18794201760262738, -0.005492912668383635, 0.00918694103141907, -0.11302922687876862, 0.4058067126735877, 0.18855087279120736, 0.06717981839338776, -0.04650121297950658, 0.2713388099380937, 0.0289425527153071, 0.09496822456455194, 0.06520914420729777, 0.16585033225586454, 0.0763312191206229, 0.22917461339918682, -0.13192234884424622, 0.09635110556832172, 0.005186502356082201] |
1,802.04846 | State Space Gaussian Processes with Non-Gaussian Likelihood | We provide a comprehensive overview and tooling for GP modeling with
non-Gaussian likelihoods using state space methods. The state space formulation
allows for solving one-dimensional GP models in $\mathcal{O}(n)$ time and
memory complexity. While existing literature has focused on the connection
between GP regression and state space methods, the computational primitives
allowing for inference using general likelihoods in combination with the
Laplace approximation (LA), variational Bayes (VB), and assumed density
filtering (ADF, a.k.a. single-sweep expectation propagation, EP) schemes has
been largely overlooked. We present means of combining the efficient
$\mathcal{O}(n)$ state space methodology with existing inference methods. We
extend existing methods, and provide unifying code implementing all approaches.
| stat.ML | we provide a comprehensive overview and tooling for gp modeling with nongaussian likelihoods using state space methods the state space formulation allows for solving onedimensional gp models in mathcalon time and memory complexity while existing literature has focused on the connection between gp regression and state space methods the computational primitives allowing for inference using general likelihoods in combination with the laplace approximation la variational bayes vb and assumed density filtering adf aka singlesweep expectation propagation ep schemes has been largely overlooked we present means of combining the efficient mathcalon state space methodology with existing inference methods we extend existing methods and provide unifying code implementing all approaches | [['we', 'provide', 'a', 'comprehensive', 'overview', 'and', 'tooling', 'for', 'gp', 'modeling', 'with', 'nongaussian', 'likelihoods', 'using', 'state', 'space', 'methods', 'the', 'state', 'space', 'formulation', 'allows', 'for', 'solving', 'onedimensional', 'gp', 'models', 'in', 'mathcalon', 'time', 'and', 'memory', 'complexity', 'while', 'existing', 'literature', 'has', 'focused', 'on', 'the', 'connection', 'between', 'gp', 'regression', 'and', 'state', 'space', 'methods', 'the', 'computational', 'primitives', 'allowing', 'for', 'inference', 'using', 'general', 'likelihoods', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'the', 'laplace', 'approximation', 'la', 'variational', 'bayes', 'vb', 'and', 'assumed', 'density', 'filtering', 'adf', 'aka', 'singlesweep', 'expectation', 'propagation', 'ep', 'schemes', 'has', 'been', 'largely', 'overlooked', 'we', 'present', 'means', 'of', 'combining', 'the', 'efficient', 'mathcalon', 'state', 'space', 'methodology', 'with', 'existing', 'inference', 'methods', 'we', 'extend', 'existing', 'methods', 'and', 'provide', 'unifying', 'code', 'implementing', 'all', 'approaches']] | [-0.03887338953979822, -0.05023759884190642, -0.10140278550399537, 0.08964656692653618, -0.12341125448734534, -0.17579150234814733, 0.0665466325374803, 0.4391783577545236, -0.23830746316148346, -0.3091988610966062, 0.09724649564682127, -0.2061539138517724, -0.1163573922364136, 0.18494495146161946, -0.019535270234983828, 0.16001919009377835, 0.09017519629883787, -0.05768371186665414, -0.13767263408388114, -0.2560763294480879, 0.2834786477860352, 0.05913053822479452, 0.3367526551829306, -0.0815437924961939, 0.12272932528759595, 0.04851273834032731, -0.06766629198790286, 0.016297413975095237, -0.1469265538940413, 0.18604597953769067, 0.29224418710930844, 0.20279658020310173, 0.33179048929122035, -0.44166565741653796, -0.272984963470932, 0.09519557305827255, 0.18094687610950874, 0.13660544674214045, -0.005758346240596708, -0.30767918073710193, -0.018417051312065235, -0.1791511076514359, -0.035265461489972144, -0.20154616544540557, -0.04448738937369651, -0.019034168204935094, -0.2772436444475143, 0.07278045409583245, 0.024099457836537448, 0.05187290972443642, -0.03616870513144898, -0.22125578007587507, 0.07323970712389348, 0.03003002205190973, 0.007477608772374138, 0.027356384265456453, 0.06630809473615416, -0.0855843270072472, -0.162386034667078, 0.32225789052554993, -0.07892806957372361, -0.2522879492974392, 0.19659872823912236, -0.026963759050650644, -0.16693404132362316, 0.12349980619425575, 0.1745357263221026, 0.11512484769681813, -0.12478421472392424, 0.19410159911570157, 0.03709627541657365, 0.14073726040482548, -0.005126015498751291, 0.009300305877264624, 0.12269240895424176, 0.23709138341817176, 0.04807517997256515, 0.07651034314444081, -0.11225983485174193, -0.1698125065638494, -0.2349906931803734, -0.1428370020930069, -0.1610836305200657, -0.04793307536143671, -0.07820501752643462, -0.16467740293592215, 0.33815238071191644, 0.1848736870387155, 0.14931285574480338, 0.13022387759863502, 0.3606585426519073, 0.13925101552848462, 0.0109611771110428, 0.16545608183541508, 0.15440570851098057, 0.13120375630118092, 0.06951800847633018, -0.15651237907069218, 0.12082239736466566, 0.08310113773957171] |
1,802.04847 | The generation of helical magnetic field in a viable scenario of
Inflationary Magnetogenesis | We study the generation of helical magnetic fields in a model of inflationary
magnetogenesis which is free from the strong coupling and back-reaction
problems. To generate helical magnetic fields, we add an $f^2
\tilde{F}^{\mu\nu} F_{\mu\nu}$ term to the lagrangian of Ratra model. The
strong coupling and back-reaction problems are avoided if we take a particular
behaviour of coupling function $f$, in which $f$ increases during inflation and
decreases post inflation to reheating. The generated magnetic field is fully
helical and has a blue spectrum, $d\rho_B/d\ln k \propto k^4$. This spectrum is
obtained when coupling function $f\propto a^2$ during inflation. The scale of
reheating in our model has to be lower than $4000$ GeV to avoid back-reaction
post inflation. The generated magnetic field spectrum satisfies the
$\gamma$-ray bound for all the possible scales of reheating. The comoving
magnetic field strength and its correlation length are $\sim 4 \times 10^{-11}
$ G and $70$ kpc respectively, if reheating takes place at 100 GeV. For
reheating at the QCD scales of $150$ MeV, the field strength increases to
$\sim$ nano gauss, with coherence scale of $0.6$ Mpc.
| astro-ph.CO | we study the generation of helical magnetic fields in a model of inflationary magnetogenesis which is free from the strong coupling and backreaction problems to generate helical magnetic fields we add an f2 tildefmunu f_munu term to the lagrangian of ratra model the strong coupling and backreaction problems are avoided if we take a particular behaviour of coupling function f in which f increases during inflation and decreases post inflation to reheating the generated magnetic field is fully helical and has a blue spectrum drho_bdln k propto k4 this spectrum is obtained when coupling function fpropto a2 during inflation the scale of reheating in our model has to be lower than 4000 gev to avoid backreaction post inflation the generated magnetic field spectrum satisfies the gammaray bound for all the possible scales of reheating the comoving magnetic field strength and its correlation length are sim 4 times 1011 g and 70 kpc respectively if reheating takes place at 100 gev for reheating at the qcd scales of 150 mev the field strength increases to sim nano gauss with coherence scale of 06 mpc | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'helical', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'inflationary', 'magnetogenesis', 'which', 'is', 'free', 'from', 'the', 'strong', 'coupling', 'and', 'backreaction', 'problems', 'to', 'generate', 'helical', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'we', 'add', 'an', 'f2', 'tildefmunu', 'f_munu', 'term', 'to', 'the', 'lagrangian', 'of', 'ratra', 'model', 'the', 'strong', 'coupling', 'and', 'backreaction', 'problems', 'are', 'avoided', 'if', 'we', 'take', 'a', 'particular', 'behaviour', 'of', 'coupling', 'function', 'f', 'in', 'which', 'f', 'increases', 'during', 'inflation', 'and', 'decreases', 'post', 'inflation', 'to', 'reheating', 'the', 'generated', 'magnetic', 'field', 'is', 'fully', 'helical', 'and', 'has', 'a', 'blue', 'spectrum', 'drho_bdln', 'k', 'propto', 'k4', 'this', 'spectrum', 'is', 'obtained', 'when', 'coupling', 'function', 'fpropto', 'a2', 'during', 'inflation', 'the', 'scale', 'of', 'reheating', 'in', 'our', 'model', 'has', 'to', 'be', 'lower', 'than', '4000', 'gev', 'to', 'avoid', 'backreaction', 'post', 'inflation', 'the', 'generated', 'magnetic', 'field', 'spectrum', 'satisfies', 'the', 'gammaray', 'bound', 'for', 'all', 'the', 'possible', 'scales', 'of', 'reheating', 'the', 'comoving', 'magnetic', 'field', 'strength', 'and', 'its', 'correlation', 'length', 'are', 'sim', '4', 'times', '1011', 'g', 'and', '70', 'kpc', 'respectively', 'if', 'reheating', 'takes', 'place', 'at', '100', 'gev', 'for', 'reheating', 'at', 'the', 'qcd', 'scales', 'of', '150', 'mev', 'the', 'field', 'strength', 'increases', 'to', 'sim', 'nano', 'gauss', 'with', 'coherence', 'scale', 'of', '06', 'mpc']] | [-0.1952226157197831, 0.27618182827483484, -0.04918546356762258, 0.09799454360688617, -0.09036209490511612, -0.12921860008654032, -0.036810437631844495, 0.3529255235360444, -0.24001442147981744, -0.3502156698006809, 0.024457314955505575, -0.25987626941091696, -0.02067306033171877, 0.16836022036687398, 0.06123740799151934, -0.05413345536786377, -0.010399316391488025, 0.046903298810830565, -0.023363392626429183, -0.2576850744240641, 0.2509006628367518, 0.09446807799778961, 0.19852734186269527, 0.09075420432734294, 0.07391580248476712, -0.07549109542486514, 0.0896803603819725, -0.0491174999829177, -0.16920278694194096, -0.02402399750017039, 0.11747689118639536, 0.06322173423717146, 0.24774946269302905, -0.3876267005433584, -0.22301594250333998, 0.1345032311740567, 0.14824526808677166, 0.06946761537072055, 0.007535712123121862, -0.25126927624364476, 0.10270248285423104, -0.13770349412788074, -0.09548321755853696, -0.022133482405199453, 0.05202727739003252, -0.08296865806307203, -0.33888538732899576, 0.13789125393236895, 0.0018063096283515404, 0.05378077609546401, -0.05360828756398245, -0.05849539476016966, -0.049614924168633806, 0.019142799370616397, 0.14071415999205783, 0.14172215775233582, 0.19072434620050313, -0.16881723989026395, -0.031190578462133838, 0.374920998044967, -0.13380916700303455, -0.037757564174871035, 0.09656384471640155, -0.16257203195837663, -0.1385031891363074, 0.15319150233683484, 0.13968379325796287, 0.114386470403118, -0.07848157192195655, 0.15924428798997733, 0.0618441563091947, 0.20389779257987226, 0.1014829104533419, 0.03643889096181758, 0.2660601020120289, 0.13333919195772997, 0.03424305782351479, 0.11206451781122219, -0.11213304465866883, -0.043368228958410485, -0.3438209373462986, -0.046445160192388854, -0.15542946591689302, 0.10055627081297584, -0.16660039232494336, -0.14341789614767408, 0.4023328813580939, 0.17889319323156808, 0.2119485852820287, 0.061467507983312256, 0.2664911682579339, 0.12232769607466512, 0.08921464999298473, 0.09271975292230618, 0.30343980509480767, 0.1818829141806678, 0.12286297947291162, -0.2177393625856244, -0.06972673437097571, 0.01946089353289578] |
1,802.04848 | U(1) symmetric $\alpha$-attractors | We present a class of supergravity $\alpha$-attractors with an approximate
global U(1) symmetry corresponding to the axion direction. We also develop a
multi-field generalization of these models and show that the $\alpha$-attractor
models with U(1) symmetries have a dual description in terms of a two-form
superfield coupled to a three-form superfield.
| hep-th gr-qc hep-ph | we present a class of supergravity alphaattractors with an approximate global u1 symmetry corresponding to the axion direction we also develop a multifield generalization of these models and show that the alphaattractor models with u1 symmetries have a dual description in terms of a twoform superfield coupled to a threeform superfield | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'supergravity', 'alphaattractors', 'with', 'an', 'approximate', 'global', 'u1', 'symmetry', 'corresponding', 'to', 'the', 'axion', 'direction', 'we', 'also', 'develop', 'a', 'multifield', 'generalization', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'alphaattractor', 'models', 'with', 'u1', 'symmetries', 'have', 'a', 'dual', 'description', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'a', 'twoform', 'superfield', 'coupled', 'to', 'a', 'threeform', 'superfield']] | [-0.14704559842015014, 0.12828131314103408, -0.055777150845410774, 0.082332393483204, -0.1801947683881165, -0.16171264737917512, -0.061588732493749146, 0.33039345074554577, -0.16416038997361765, -0.2557833750513108, 0.05708754380626202, -0.21319215910910977, -0.215683448511888, 0.055616584259505365, -0.07679538083646227, -0.00434401167520121, -0.03393080444349086, 0.07251191274354271, -0.12052415363837544, -0.27052455269457665, 0.28107808229020415, -0.04013109081150854, 0.21593231015710854, -0.026502917895057036, 0.17697243918390834, -0.08458253757699448, 0.07298025373807725, -0.030646141499792244, -0.1186047903698351, 0.14427104442581243, 0.1828507186050867, 0.08140672571664932, 0.10180786427329569, -0.4399974629575131, -0.2620316047550124, 0.18455641446452514, 0.15274764217582404, 0.17061951252467492, -0.06494968992603176, -0.3097882113401212, 0.06000078219336038, -0.23508846849276155, -0.15114074976493916, -0.16471544798354015, -0.030142777430477972, -0.10066640302173648, -0.31977749140202705, 0.06340323877463792, -0.004556407604147406, 0.04502591302797573, -0.09381551916400592, -0.011887811544333018, -0.0931015304362803, -0.08263836003949537, 0.16609601362370977, 0.08005195600437183, 0.09263345051565956, -0.23882219377065114, -0.16942461910566278, 0.3815499444802602, -0.16180907705497435, -0.3001173316117595, 0.11237804840008418, -0.02995995599456935, -0.25573652833882793, 0.048901153114332144, 0.1275456989841426, 0.16632110516851148, -0.1703837714431917, 0.23172377538296632, -0.05965548936350673, 0.13077649731627283, -0.012518460898860996, 0.029568624710116315, 0.31007806825287204, 0.11174330899637996, 0.08772909841568702, 0.1475383652711981, 0.019685175560880452, -0.12928828805246773, -0.4781360599924536, -0.12672092981965227, -0.05192871789867971, 0.13374250265313128, -0.13673247682705622, -0.18145103255907694, 0.5045272918308482, 0.14819522894115425, 0.18690273359271825, 0.12585136401193106, 0.16747085352008248, 0.12595988768061586, 0.08608019899796038, 0.02697813163018402, 0.25384084043987826, 0.19494883604712931, 0.06588342404175623, -0.2457052768395264, -0.19528958262583496, 0.17681068194774435] |
1,802.04849 | Clustering and Semi-Supervised Classification for Clickstream Data via
Mixture Models | Finite mixture models have been used for unsupervised learning for some time,
and their use within the semi-supervised paradigm is becoming more commonplace.
Clickstream data is one of the various emerging data types that demands
particular attention because there is a notable paucity of statistical learning
approaches currently available. A mixture of first-order continuous time Markov
models is introduced for unsupervised and semi-supervised learning of
clickstream data. This approach assumes continuous time, which distinguishes it
from existing mixture model-based approaches; practically, this allows account
to be taken of the amount of time each user spends on each webpage. The
approach is evaluated, and compared to the discrete time approach, using
simulated and real data.
| stat.ME stat.ML | finite mixture models have been used for unsupervised learning for some time and their use within the semisupervised paradigm is becoming more commonplace clickstream data is one of the various emerging data types that demands particular attention because there is a notable paucity of statistical learning approaches currently available a mixture of firstorder continuous time markov models is introduced for unsupervised and semisupervised learning of clickstream data this approach assumes continuous time which distinguishes it from existing mixture modelbased approaches practically this allows account to be taken of the amount of time each user spends on each webpage the approach is evaluated and compared to the discrete time approach using simulated and real data | [['finite', 'mixture', 'models', 'have', 'been', 'used', 'for', 'unsupervised', 'learning', 'for', 'some', 'time', 'and', 'their', 'use', 'within', 'the', 'semisupervised', 'paradigm', 'is', 'becoming', 'more', 'commonplace', 'clickstream', 'data', 'is', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'various', 'emerging', 'data', 'types', 'that', 'demands', 'particular', 'attention', 'because', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'notable', 'paucity', 'of', 'statistical', 'learning', 'approaches', 'currently', 'available', 'a', 'mixture', 'of', 'firstorder', 'continuous', 'time', 'markov', 'models', 'is', 'introduced', 'for', 'unsupervised', 'and', 'semisupervised', 'learning', 'of', 'clickstream', 'data', 'this', 'approach', 'assumes', 'continuous', 'time', 'which', 'distinguishes', 'it', 'from', 'existing', 'mixture', 'modelbased', 'approaches', 'practically', 'this', 'allows', 'account', 'to', 'be', 'taken', 'of', 'the', 'amount', 'of', 'time', 'each', 'user', 'spends', 'on', 'each', 'webpage', 'the', 'approach', 'is', 'evaluated', 'and', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'discrete', 'time', 'approach', 'using', 'simulated', 'and', 'real', 'data']] | [-0.016009335327493192, 0.05276454514578769, -0.1018234072334803, 0.07903371472218025, -0.13045847907727748, -0.20339729011941113, 0.04149416183007129, 0.42630459784464747, -0.2701010466798356, -0.30581346415636834, 0.0962973658910446, -0.26988237118565483, -0.09710133119012442, 0.20912395688100605, -0.08491293737346209, 0.09868423519819453, 0.09546479797644312, 0.09099562016822267, -0.02411611134639794, -0.2725572611221619, 0.3060385647041952, 0.008407965612908205, 0.36051684114755245, -0.012355830971756134, 0.13317492550745474, -0.012209766258469276, -0.09055707952530499, 0.005515122430791196, -0.05588435958245036, 0.1346381903266567, 0.35101940619368405, 0.22364658172234175, 0.3620486545678751, -0.40644150622303415, -0.26886625021794125, 0.16521894398325107, 0.1239121633095732, 0.1064082298115337, -0.06226260958429888, -0.30819326866695884, 0.05683879823865075, -0.18000756464735196, 0.0026677138654090334, -0.12341952278981344, 0.01858401411261998, -0.026314608809913983, -0.2831682347643532, 0.06675940544115738, 0.049182272140394175, 0.06440254267337814, -0.06866499881531733, -0.12211101835087072, 0.02838532701277648, 0.14691081304478934, 0.09388260893613558, 0.03780714412660975, 0.11051091760715567, -0.08915748306664459, -0.12294176190666724, 0.40432736895194177, -0.03499911866853373, -0.1751065356493519, 0.2416873782007187, -0.022149964019231368, -0.18371474574189306, 0.11599391323448927, 0.2072565803241001, 0.13286427371234535, -0.19013135107193274, 0.07615330007147829, -0.017156304113501518, 0.1839019095304569, -0.011904353976429423, -0.038895644415006564, 0.16804938931365318, 0.277858945918923, -0.009623007671172289, 0.11650873263460469, -0.11061390208615512, -0.1364356651483512, -0.2215278796982347, -0.10368315751762375, -0.2276360459723755, -0.0600751444243973, -0.10808305268680367, -0.15109350546181463, 0.36689286104713875, 0.2140761001623775, 0.197479466973036, 0.09863806718944065, 0.3737257451509338, 0.08755419374721353, 0.10586150617056869, 0.09393979875950895, 0.1451927264143913, 0.01677115927981376, 0.14154967840091048, -0.12784189334457838, 0.12302229547333952, -0.01587381244947513] |
1,802.0485 | Frontiers in Nuclear, Heavy Ion and Strong Field Physics | An introduction describing Walter Greiner's scientific life for the topical
volume to be published by EPJA
| physics.hist-ph nucl-th | an introduction describing walter greiners scientific life for the topical volume to be published by epja | [['an', 'introduction', 'describing', 'walter', 'greiners', 'scientific', 'life', 'for', 'the', 'topical', 'volume', 'to', 'be', 'published', 'by', 'epja']] | [-0.009655815890679757, 0.12257160526642111, -0.05633980110287666, 0.06062472419192393, -0.16583369101087253, -0.03970625214278698, -0.019611271967490514, 0.24153336447974047, -0.22084417790174485, -0.37368367003897823, 0.09975685365498066, -0.2969521542390188, -0.11723555475473404, 0.24855880836645763, -0.19255015030503272, -0.07640802233169476, 0.0734979427109162, 0.03377291966850559, 0.04477764815092087, -0.3874626185745001, 0.2612932420025269, 0.1640654880553484, 0.29155493949850403, 0.12209482391675314, 0.010126886640985806, 0.06117275459691882, -0.21732464578623573, 0.0028474339594443637, -0.18874276181062064, 0.2043879953523477, 0.34721070105830826, 0.1993759549378107, 0.3553534117837747, -0.39079232190852053, -0.238704248269399, -0.002396731854726871, 0.05542045598849654, 0.08732370485862097, -0.05480593585719665, -0.3708600471417109, -0.04241342755655448, -0.22806973507006964, -0.16151891639456153, -0.10153275902072588, 0.16696037153402965, -0.018860026821494104, -0.11019629885752996, 0.01994346632466962, -0.0033870591471592587, 0.15530991668153243, -0.046115383934617664, -0.15041197439034779, 0.06808623084022353, 0.15405305040379366, 0.059811699017882344, 0.04957765735064944, 0.04657729876538118, -0.10117770538975795, -0.09172922596335412, 0.3664573013782501, -0.06375883358220259, -0.10582043925921122, 0.11259410142277677, -0.060479535007228455, -0.1248365851584822, 0.09043011677761872, 0.16435145623981953, 0.013740901152292888, -0.28914344211419424, 0.07145685553550721, 0.012216802624364694, 0.10216296147555112, 0.09936532666906714, -0.08542113527655601, 0.2471496991813183, 0.21002071648836135, -0.04775984094788631, 0.027297125364808987, 0.07614029186467329, -0.13211136559645334, -0.268599550674359, -0.26435098350048064, -0.22755496265987554, 0.11530333341409763, 0.011073934721450011, -0.19117135629057885, 0.3922385593255361, 0.09012490063905716, 0.08628412634134293, -0.05103488266468048, 0.21028523966670037, 0.06343313939869404, 0.06204110369629537, -0.001707309919099013, 0.15989384800195694, 0.12955813378406067, 0.23912689524392286, -0.12529263993104298, 0.06964432163513265, 0.11814703966180483] |
1,802.04851 | KdV is wellposed in $H^{-1}$ | We prove global well-posedness of the Korteweg--de Vries equation for initial
data in the space $H^{-1}(R)$. This is sharp in the class of $H^{s}(R)$ spaces.
Even local well-posedness was previously unknown for $s<-3/4$. The proof is
based on the introduction of a new method of general applicability for the
study of low-regularity well-posedness for integrable PDE, informed by the
existence of commuting flows. In particular, as we will show, completely
parallel arguments give a new proof of global well-posedness for KdV with
periodic $H^{-1}$ data, shown previously by Kappeler and Topalov, as well as
global well-posedness for the 5th order KdV equation in $L^2(R)$.
Additionally, we give a new proof of the a priori local smoothing bound of
Buckmaster and Koch for KdV on the line. Moreover, we upgrade this estimate to
show that convergence of initial data in $H^{-1}(R)$ guarantees convergence of
the resulting solutions in $L^2_\text{loc}(R\times R)$. Thus, solutions with
$H^{-1}(R)$ initial data are distributional solutions.
| math.AP | we prove global wellposedness of the kortewegde vries equation for initial data in the space h1r this is sharp in the class of hsr spaces even local wellposedness was previously unknown for s34 the proof is based on the introduction of a new method of general applicability for the study of lowregularity wellposedness for integrable pde informed by the existence of commuting flows in particular as we will show completely parallel arguments give a new proof of global wellposedness for kdv with periodic h1 data shown previously by kappeler and topalov as well as global wellposedness for the 5th order kdv equation in l2r additionally we give a new proof of the a priori local smoothing bound of buckmaster and koch for kdv on the line moreover we upgrade this estimate to show that convergence of initial data in h1r guarantees convergence of the resulting solutions in l2_textlocrtimes r thus solutions with h1r initial data are distributional solutions | [['we', 'prove', 'global', 'wellposedness', 'of', 'the', 'kortewegde', 'vries', 'equation', 'for', 'initial', 'data', 'in', 'the', 'space', 'h1r', 'this', 'is', 'sharp', 'in', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'hsr', 'spaces', 'even', 'local', 'wellposedness', 'was', 'previously', 'unknown', 'for', 's34', 'the', 'proof', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'a', 'new', 'method', 'of', 'general', 'applicability', 'for', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'lowregularity', 'wellposedness', 'for', 'integrable', 'pde', 'informed', 'by', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'commuting', 'flows', 'in', 'particular', 'as', 'we', 'will', 'show', 'completely', 'parallel', 'arguments', 'give', 'a', 'new', 'proof', 'of', 'global', 'wellposedness', 'for', 'kdv', 'with', 'periodic', 'h1', 'data', 'shown', 'previously', 'by', 'kappeler', 'and', 'topalov', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'global', 'wellposedness', 'for', 'the', '5th', 'order', 'kdv', 'equation', 'in', 'l2r', 'additionally', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'new', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'a', 'priori', 'local', 'smoothing', 'bound', 'of', 'buckmaster', 'and', 'koch', 'for', 'kdv', 'on', 'the', 'line', 'moreover', 'we', 'upgrade', 'this', 'estimate', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'convergence', 'of', 'initial', 'data', 'in', 'h1r', 'guarantees', 'convergence', 'of', 'the', 'resulting', 'solutions', 'in', 'l2_textlocrtimes', 'r', 'thus', 'solutions', 'with', 'h1r', 'initial', 'data', 'are', 'distributional', 'solutions']] | [-0.12919019623051523, 0.009666423553565315, -0.10078626101136587, 0.1072741011750831, -0.08534472676848245, -0.12542776740304415, -0.032036173630470205, 0.2575026186906798, -0.2651858685217845, -0.23429733653594353, 0.21086291239780794, -0.2536425230265328, -0.13336893735167268, 0.19889791356103056, -0.08782085231772274, 0.11396040009916018, 0.09287835396588988, 0.0035481526602391795, -0.08952175061052345, -0.2757998335851463, 0.38324389402653763, -0.0224033816759089, 0.23259177046774585, 0.038288868963718414, 0.11180253521758754, 0.00809221020988693, -0.0130814522190411, -0.0476089897834337, -0.21899304781161927, 0.09802792754000539, 0.23864678524814215, 0.0930446356425216, 0.27834752079538383, -0.4075052117525487, -0.20052758607847296, 0.11735332265472526, 0.16498929365971096, 0.13361129782512593, -0.07208990083138346, -0.3489667553110582, 0.1063842608083253, -0.0868799052494845, -0.22922765955945867, -0.11256994681942994, 0.054523006081581116, 0.12482310798179334, -0.3193354269276094, 0.14143887909342814, 0.1021404961475533, 0.05231588036948993, -0.19029415944634914, -0.047172569495530885, -0.04516931125674705, 0.012107572853446576, 0.0569753623270922, 0.03377862631381863, -0.024131663736833887, -0.10706203299497438, -0.06179704911010281, 0.3233632360033359, -0.09655879663709836, -0.2428321506632314, 0.15154272072524377, -0.11137943585688, -0.16124749185286083, 0.08386418174516268, 0.16300453999299247, 0.11579955791591838, -0.13768507388367016, 0.1677558215010235, -0.10636709225334369, 0.14044250522971533, 0.09700638672431848, 0.009947102880594765, 0.017811227066347458, 0.183011006504582, 0.21263451427577218, 0.1057291945656109, -0.013154464321148694, -0.09228147396626497, -0.3619647942524949, -0.15709399837877447, -0.17211002516293317, 0.08702030112361832, -0.11599319236880246, -0.1547926536345614, 0.3700424464579648, 0.14942661914114314, 0.1723333140241967, 0.1162104604003512, 0.2172225917968306, 0.12616587195999232, -0.016546273232173697, 0.09164810080413416, 0.23237664762670826, 0.13341281954035947, 0.19614862503519484, -0.16842104763142574, 0.017543108467973627, 0.2191107111544034] |
1,802.04852 | Persistence Codebooks for Topological Data Analysis | Persistent homology (PH) is a rigorous mathematical theory that provides a
robust descriptor of data in the form of persistence diagrams (PDs) which are
2D multisets of points. Their variable size makes them, however, difficult to
combine with typical machine learning workflows. In this paper we introduce
persistence codebooks, a novel expressive and discriminative fixed-size
vectorized representation of PDs. To this end, we adapt bag-of-words (BoW),
vectors of locally aggregated descriptors (VLAD) and Fischer vectors (FV) for
the quantization of PDs. Persistence codebooks represent PDs in a convenient
way for machine learning and statistical analysis and have a number of
favorable practical and theoretical properties including 1-Wasserstein
stability. We evaluate the presented representations on several heterogeneous
datasets and show their (high) discriminative power. Our approach achieves
state-of-the-art performance and beyond in much less time than alternative
approaches.
| stat.ML cs.LG math.AT | persistent homology ph is a rigorous mathematical theory that provides a robust descriptor of data in the form of persistence diagrams pds which are 2d multisets of points their variable size makes them however difficult to combine with typical machine learning workflows in this paper we introduce persistence codebooks a novel expressive and discriminative fixedsize vectorized representation of pds to this end we adapt bagofwords bow vectors of locally aggregated descriptors vlad and fischer vectors fv for the quantization of pds persistence codebooks represent pds in a convenient way for machine learning and statistical analysis and have a number of favorable practical and theoretical properties including 1wasserstein stability we evaluate the presented representations on several heterogeneous datasets and show their high discriminative power our approach achieves stateoftheart performance and beyond in much less time than alternative approaches | [['persistent', 'homology', 'ph', 'is', 'a', 'rigorous', 'mathematical', 'theory', 'that', 'provides', 'a', 'robust', 'descriptor', 'of', 'data', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'persistence', 'diagrams', 'pds', 'which', 'are', '2d', 'multisets', 'of', 'points', 'their', 'variable', 'size', 'makes', 'them', 'however', 'difficult', 'to', 'combine', 'with', 'typical', 'machine', 'learning', 'workflows', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'introduce', 'persistence', 'codebooks', 'a', 'novel', 'expressive', 'and', 'discriminative', 'fixedsize', 'vectorized', 'representation', 'of', 'pds', 'to', 'this', 'end', 'we', 'adapt', 'bagofwords', 'bow', 'vectors', 'of', 'locally', 'aggregated', 'descriptors', 'vlad', 'and', 'fischer', 'vectors', 'fv', 'for', 'the', 'quantization', 'of', 'pds', 'persistence', 'codebooks', 'represent', 'pds', 'in', 'a', 'convenient', 'way', 'for', 'machine', 'learning', 'and', 'statistical', 'analysis', 'and', 'have', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'favorable', 'practical', 'and', 'theoretical', 'properties', 'including', '1wasserstein', 'stability', 'we', 'evaluate', 'the', 'presented', 'representations', 'on', 'several', 'heterogeneous', 'datasets', 'and', 'show', 'their', 'high', 'discriminative', 'power', 'our', 'approach', 'achieves', 'stateoftheart', 'performance', 'and', 'beyond', 'in', 'much', 'less', 'time', 'than', 'alternative', 'approaches']] | [-0.08384219484308558, 0.012050735329135056, -0.12089581099631143, 0.11670548989128213, -0.11980473690489511, -0.16759052775871608, 0.06610792392463744, 0.45801911937467155, -0.2766857686024295, -0.2686045766692527, 0.06019699240416071, -0.258696382250093, -0.17958917549512193, 0.15091614122672456, -0.13067004650178618, 0.10266154493293624, 0.07632960913784421, 0.04163055966207146, -0.09012766515183514, -0.24531952504418708, 0.281465890861531, 0.06165956601119824, 0.33378373067418154, -0.03699395049662486, 0.10059410950124781, -0.016279106308794478, -0.07402287060428873, 0.015274574225564507, -0.09847298188562663, 0.23584936709095636, 0.314081850954515, 0.18736427789214102, 0.29170543340673794, -0.3828220142231724, -0.2198524048142339, 0.06602914254758915, 0.15094133339147595, 0.07591068437571526, -0.02036251790607416, -0.2815316975827118, 0.13488603182422526, -0.19061844709608025, -0.011570461837058194, -0.21228398602918117, 0.04337518460866757, 0.0186264756140741, -0.26985147599484366, 0.04822348540879949, 0.074327247642171, 0.09455469177940684, -0.055823816520155126, -0.14413089308901317, 0.0125031977344685, 0.09626107434844122, 0.01606061135335438, 0.0373744693632326, 0.12033015270683452, -0.15570538690823332, -0.13135761617050662, 0.384862007029409, -0.03343571731228004, -0.21381352146591204, 0.23327813666130343, -0.043832030429430034, -0.16875818475441884, 0.11603242432508264, 0.2123898544967392, 0.11781882388639624, -0.11304681930762382, 0.03399975414015693, -0.049145840876565795, 0.17186501960314293, 0.056117923213101, 0.08197227690409678, 0.1750097866832911, 0.23625288533563488, 0.03800220666011374, 0.16132760138665564, -0.10336912455004096, -0.08573119210446403, -0.19106961026053576, -0.13313040924666408, -0.16851219629365816, -0.02979122440374871, -0.1611661200037092, -0.18865599264526725, 0.41786375923768826, 0.21428233572030372, 0.20032894334234944, 0.15509996669329568, 0.339570929207941, 0.049918497529349896, 0.07305931798556317, 0.12572094070024953, 0.1495117143775425, 0.07918294523264804, 0.10054588330149936, -0.11680636995465216, 0.058437366335972275, 0.07464185323103936] |
1,802.04853 | Do Citations and Readership Identify Seminal Publications? | In this paper, we show that citation counts work better than a random
baseline (by a margin of 10%) in distinguishing excellent research, while
Mendeley reader counts don't work better than the baseline. Specifically, we
study the potential of these metrics for distinguishing publications that
caused a change in a research field from those that have not. The experiment
has been conducted on a new dataset for bibliometric research called
TrueImpactDataset. TrueImpactDataset is a collection of research publications
of two types -- research papers which are considered seminal works in their
area and papers which provide a literature review of a research area. We
provide overview statistics of the dataset and propose to use it for validating
research evaluation metrics. Using the dataset, we conduct a set of experiments
to study how citation and reader counts perform in distinguishing these
publication types, following the intuition that causing a change in a field
signifies research contribution. We show that citation counts help in
distinguishing research that strongly influenced later developments from works
that predominantly discuss the current state of the art with a degree of
accuracy (63%, i.e. 10% over the random baseline). In all setups, Mendeley
reader counts perform worse than a random baseline.
| cs.DL physics.soc-ph | in this paper we show that citation counts work better than a random baseline by a margin of 10 in distinguishing excellent research while mendeley reader counts dont work better than the baseline specifically we study the potential of these metrics for distinguishing publications that caused a change in a research field from those that have not the experiment has been conducted on a new dataset for bibliometric research called trueimpactdataset trueimpactdataset is a collection of research publications of two types research papers which are considered seminal works in their area and papers which provide a literature review of a research area we provide overview statistics of the dataset and propose to use it for validating research evaluation metrics using the dataset we conduct a set of experiments to study how citation and reader counts perform in distinguishing these publication types following the intuition that causing a change in a field signifies research contribution we show that citation counts help in distinguishing research that strongly influenced later developments from works that predominantly discuss the current state of the art with a degree of accuracy 63 ie 10 over the random baseline in all setups mendeley reader counts perform worse than a random baseline | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'citation', 'counts', 'work', 'better', 'than', 'a', 'random', 'baseline', 'by', 'a', 'margin', 'of', '10', 'in', 'distinguishing', 'excellent', 'research', 'while', 'mendeley', 'reader', 'counts', 'dont', 'work', 'better', 'than', 'the', 'baseline', 'specifically', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'potential', 'of', 'these', 'metrics', 'for', 'distinguishing', 'publications', 'that', 'caused', 'a', 'change', 'in', 'a', 'research', 'field', 'from', 'those', 'that', 'have', 'not', 'the', 'experiment', 'has', 'been', 'conducted', 'on', 'a', 'new', 'dataset', 'for', 'bibliometric', 'research', 'called', 'trueimpactdataset', 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1,802.04854 | Stacked Wafer Gradient Index Silicon Optics with Integral
Anti-reflection Layers | Silicon optics with wide bandwidth anti-reflection (AR) coatings, made of
multi-layer textured silicon surfaces, are developed for millimeter and
submillimeter wavelengths. Single and double layer AR coatings were designed
for an optimal transmission centered on 250 GHz, and fabricated using the DRIE
(Deep Reaction Ion Etching) technique. Tests of high resistivity silicon wafers
with single-layer coatings between 75 GHz and 330 GHz are presented and
compared with the simulations.
| astro-ph.IM | silicon optics with wide bandwidth antireflection ar coatings made of multilayer textured silicon surfaces are developed for millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths single and double layer ar coatings were designed for an optimal transmission centered on 250 ghz and fabricated using the drie deep reaction ion etching technique tests of high resistivity silicon wafers with singlelayer coatings between 75 ghz and 330 ghz are presented and compared with the simulations | [['silicon', 'optics', 'with', 'wide', 'bandwidth', 'antireflection', 'ar', 'coatings', 'made', 'of', 'multilayer', 'textured', 'silicon', 'surfaces', 'are', 'developed', 'for', 'millimeter', 'and', 'submillimeter', 'wavelengths', 'single', 'and', 'double', 'layer', 'ar', 'coatings', 'were', 'designed', 'for', 'an', 'optimal', 'transmission', 'centered', 'on', '250', 'ghz', 'and', 'fabricated', 'using', 'the', 'drie', 'deep', 'reaction', 'ion', 'etching', 'technique', 'tests', 'of', 'high', 'resistivity', 'silicon', 'wafers', 'with', 'singlelayer', 'coatings', 'between', '75', 'ghz', 'and', '330', 'ghz', 'are', 'presented', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'the', 'simulations']] | [-0.00041258207225389236, 0.14269330032170663, 0.059640830486888015, -0.16663074398926203, 0.030253497856682625, -0.3222291409510417, 0.028268977810723194, 0.5870020978044772, -0.15995789367867552, -0.3435242951483182, 0.09702405876115612, -0.318601183431304, -0.0655807258858197, 0.2401731651541237, 0.010601671564433238, 0.17611448816698638, 0.0472313968727932, -0.260734214582413, -0.061214114060166525, -0.19826172235543313, 0.19818181923820058, 0.21593510962481124, 0.3989713085896295, 0.0886810501915929, 0.1046366832367536, -0.060028269124365805, 0.03195280829422172, -0.06808760445025089, -0.12673487118782772, 0.08041963562963234, 0.30723120481032284, -0.0824441914041729, 0.1917100649435019, -0.49734489058238873, -0.250899243377743, -0.08602248266528266, 0.035803472353280456, 0.004073979879688957, -0.07471005169951452, -0.2496938438465198, 0.1047358965177251, -0.12874725423213365, -0.08539964251922093, 0.05424411234486362, -0.06444928448215342, 0.017700212447485632, -0.2540050035787989, -0.03231993046980621, -0.0738379429600647, 0.1281322923799356, -0.10904720325724802, -0.2057372955740362, -0.05088206102558668, 0.002533414902206024, -0.1679812812421849, -0.0328815034316495, 0.287442067179127, -0.053665050453897835, -0.10854899041030718, 0.2760756803150086, -0.05734869322580947, -0.05139972727097895, 0.21040427709079307, -0.1531800347417458, 0.011749695358878893, 0.22199138757043882, 0.1661856122098971, 0.13059025701722535, -0.18199607650276975, -0.024316034891365933, 0.04702538837665233, 0.26339018132911524, 0.25661087901317986, 0.08755414512352613, 0.195704637311291, 0.28097557622696395, -0.028496968964000058, 0.16804552199407582, -0.33144690264758747, 0.06293611517311007, -0.19171189595067847, -0.19127061183604857, -0.13396772081909727, 0.06954375398682727, -0.1280175572389018, -0.18012541300360707, 0.32644180289429164, 0.05503111375846725, 0.08384279335133624, -0.01812994416695142, 0.26302103547082434, 0.0065213881392517815, 0.16097396555478158, 0.033676896055323494, 0.3247598531399516, 0.23261776097132353, 0.20040359921024545, -0.12000814721703637, 0.012672162196342495, -0.10546109579044624] |
1,802.04855 | A theoretical guideline for designing an effective adaptive particle
swarm | In this paper we theoretically investigate underlying assumptions that have
been used for designing adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithms in the
past years. We relate these assumptions to the movement patterns of particles
controlled by coefficient values (inertia weight and acceleration coefficient)
and introduce three factors, namely the autocorrelation of the particle
positions, the average movement distance of the particle in each iteration, and
the focus of the search, that describe these movement patterns. We show how
these factors represent movement patterns of a particle within a swarm and how
they are affected by particle coefficients (i.e., inertia weight and
acceleration coefficients). We derive equations that provide exact coefficient
values to guarantee achieving a desired movement pattern defined by these three
factors within a swarm. We then relate these movements to the searching
capability of particles and provide guideline for designing potentially
successful adaptive methods to control coefficients in particle swarm. Finally,
we propose a new simple time adaptive particle swarm and compare its results
with previous adaptive particle swarm approaches. Our experiments show that the
theoretical findings indeed provide a beneficial guideline for successful
adaptation of the coefficients in the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
| cs.NE | in this paper we theoretically investigate underlying assumptions that have been used for designing adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithms in the past years we relate these assumptions to the movement patterns of particles controlled by coefficient values inertia weight and acceleration coefficient and introduce three factors namely the autocorrelation of the particle positions the average movement distance of the particle in each iteration and the focus of the search that describe these movement patterns we show how these factors represent movement patterns of a particle within a swarm and how they are affected by particle coefficients ie inertia weight and acceleration coefficients we derive equations that provide exact coefficient values to guarantee achieving a desired movement pattern defined by these three factors within a swarm we then relate these movements to the searching capability of particles and provide guideline for designing potentially successful adaptive methods to control coefficients in particle swarm finally we propose a new simple time adaptive particle swarm and compare its results with previous adaptive particle swarm approaches our experiments show that the theoretical findings indeed provide a beneficial guideline for successful adaptation of the coefficients in the particle swarm optimization algorithm | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'theoretically', 'investigate', 'underlying', 'assumptions', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'used', 'for', 'designing', 'adaptive', 'particle', 'swarm', 'optimization', 'algorithms', 'in', 'the', 'past', 'years', 'we', 'relate', 'these', 'assumptions', 'to', 'the', 'movement', 'patterns', 'of', 'particles', 'controlled', 'by', 'coefficient', 'values', 'inertia', 'weight', 'and', 'acceleration', 'coefficient', 'and', 'introduce', 'three', 'factors', 'namely', 'the', 'autocorrelation', 'of', 'the', 'particle', 'positions', 'the', 'average', 'movement', 'distance', 'of', 'the', 'particle', 'in', 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'results', 'with', 'previous', 'adaptive', 'particle', 'swarm', 'approaches', 'our', 'experiments', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'theoretical', 'findings', 'indeed', 'provide', 'a', 'beneficial', 'guideline', 'for', 'successful', 'adaptation', 'of', 'the', 'coefficients', 'in', 'the', 'particle', 'swarm', 'optimization', 'algorithm']] | [-0.08967086600187497, 0.13319349157719468, -0.131779542288337, 0.03953794526736228, -0.07020070431037591, -0.16584701496295823, 0.02430627300009991, 0.4079611494898414, -0.28915926301016065, -0.34016245435445736, 0.06961547897065966, -0.1971413579244071, -0.20806606197013305, 0.16848507501387922, -0.061218746269766526, 0.08314853216602038, 0.07670929521943132, 0.02840372704563495, -0.01591139935637609, -0.23376165901979384, 0.24589203969121742, 0.09923200166473786, 0.2553823798763542, 0.010113182783317872, 0.15618488809380393, 0.022901392841147474, -0.05841042088965575, 0.03544009104580022, -0.2012629900561968, 0.1311667945044927, 0.22922248505533505, 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1,802.04856 | Bases of the quantum matrix bialgebra and induced sign characters of the
Hecke algebra | We combinatorially describe entries of the transition matrices which relate
monomial bases of the zero-weight space of the quantum matrix bialgebra. This
description leads to a combinatorial rule for evaluating induced sign
characters of the type $A$ Hecke algebra $H_n(q)$ at all elements of the form
$(1 + T_{s_{i_1}}) \cdots (1 + T_{s_{i_m}})$, including the Kazhdan-Lusztig
basis elements indexed by $321$-hexagon-avoiding permutations. This result is
the first subtraction-free rule for evaluating all elements of a basis of the
$H_n(q)$-trace space at all elements of a basis of $H_n(q)$.
| math.CO | we combinatorially describe entries of the transition matrices which relate monomial bases of the zeroweight space of the quantum matrix bialgebra this description leads to a combinatorial rule for evaluating induced sign characters of the type a hecke algebra h_nq at all elements of the form 1 t_s_i_1 cdots 1 t_s_i_m including the kazhdanlusztig basis elements indexed by 321hexagonavoiding permutations this result is the first subtractionfree rule for evaluating all elements of a basis of the h_nqtrace space at all elements of a basis of h_nq | [['we', 'combinatorially', 'describe', 'entries', 'of', 'the', 'transition', 'matrices', 'which', 'relate', 'monomial', 'bases', 'of', 'the', 'zeroweight', 'space', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'matrix', 'bialgebra', 'this', 'description', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'combinatorial', 'rule', 'for', 'evaluating', 'induced', 'sign', 'characters', 'of', 'the', 'type', 'a', 'hecke', 'algebra', 'h_nq', 'at', 'all', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'form', '1', 't_s_i_1', 'cdots', '1', 't_s_i_m', 'including', 'the', 'kazhdanlusztig', 'basis', 'elements', 'indexed', 'by', '321hexagonavoiding', 'permutations', 'this', 'result', 'is', 'the', 'first', 'subtractionfree', 'rule', 'for', 'evaluating', 'all', 'elements', 'of', 'a', 'basis', 'of', 'the', 'h_nqtrace', 'space', 'at', 'all', 'elements', 'of', 'a', 'basis', 'of', 'h_nq']] | [-0.1568580595322135, 0.12497536782739632, -0.017428407059391825, 0.004083909872328726, -0.07255775245792437, -0.08267713572103076, 0.05793689476842878, 0.2862346125766635, -0.3521481567550814, -0.1821788327325499, 0.07251990556989502, -0.24515870288468716, -0.16413746017780972, 0.13592427176502875, -0.037293710405143295, -0.02047864598131216, 0.06633910201433138, 0.07825991638549944, -0.1511994938652007, -0.25377538205243694, 0.4027401524618631, 0.0018326470034946574, 0.21839950157602023, -0.04642759686017909, 0.11937637620878111, 0.005196098635745485, -0.03857730909693623, -0.05536080499409653, -0.1072092117491837, 0.16991070969734431, 0.2986429179450724, 0.13947816872287813, 0.1916663881913736, -0.3736106049405729, -0.024830352923855548, 0.18775297207587466, 0.135796517962817, 0.06622394032793393, 0.012620041237735167, -0.22292149335532108, 0.07734238928206628, -0.22528189370726667, -0.14418524324825807, -0.081392369255787, 0.09100447725163908, 0.0015527495955366913, -0.3606645716297463, -0.01961853294974057, 0.0974292381348588, 0.13666487101283742, -0.0380591009345996, -0.22575336627139733, 0.018667516434883197, 0.11456761764158017, -0.07365311199810537, 0.0015436137526682236, 0.07093513297007942, -0.09112855925497304, -0.15418884983831427, 0.4047148201342036, 0.008399181783471892, -0.20491750145376456, 0.033620414755693294, -0.19157940053335595, -0.15075468492308042, 0.11979185805724162, 0.06703850102224727, 0.11780691898723201, -0.08134413871732427, 0.16825102513837742, -0.12732830528942188, 0.05599834756335107, 0.1326624519594877, 0.024210169161783486, 0.16069179480304804, 0.07714484908572602, 0.0017770096523369232, 0.09346302053550394, 0.05340685343324411, -0.018580728937394736, -0.3617706129372847, -0.24414516636170447, -0.18954647449555057, 0.07323191157065151, -0.149527345659075, -0.22339035920435335, 0.44712656740633, 0.09309788688267695, 0.22059157891937237, 0.09277134579634748, 0.15698170478501153, 0.11010439903759284, 0.11205687932670116, -0.004264550096150942, 0.08819258035864772, 0.22395794617477804, -0.016696359882721813, -0.17498212713725503, 0.04111165280181279, 0.26304179920655923] |
1,802.04857 | Reconstruction of isotropic conductivities from non smooth electric
fields | In this paper we study the isotropic realizability of a given non smooth
gradient field $\nabla u$ defined in $\mathbb{R}^d$, namely when one can
reconstruct an isotropic conductivity $\sigma>0$ such that $\sigma\nabla u$ is
divergence free in $\mathbb{R}^d$. On the one hand, in the case where $\nabla
u$ is non-vanishing, uniformly continuous in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and $\triangle u$
is a bounded function in $\mathbb{R}^d$, we prove the isotropic realizability
of $\nabla u$ using the associated gradient flow combined with the DiPerna,
Lions approach for solving ordinary differential equations in suitable Sobolev
spaces. On the other hand, in the case where $\nabla u$ is piecewise regular,
we prove roughly speaking that the isotropic realizability holds if and only if
the normal derivatives of $u$ on each side of the gradient discontinuity
interfaces have the same sign. Some examples of conductivity reconstruction are
given.
| math.AP physics.class-ph | in this paper we study the isotropic realizability of a given non smooth gradient field nabla u defined in mathbbrd namely when one can reconstruct an isotropic conductivity sigma0 such that sigmanabla u is divergence free in mathbbrd on the one hand in the case where nabla u is nonvanishing uniformly continuous in mathbbrd and triangle u is a bounded function in mathbbrd we prove the isotropic realizability of nabla u using the associated gradient flow combined with the diperna lions approach for solving ordinary differential equations in suitable sobolev spaces on the other hand in the case where nabla u is piecewise regular we prove roughly speaking that the isotropic realizability holds if and only if the normal derivatives of u on each side of the gradient discontinuity interfaces have the same sign some examples of conductivity reconstruction are given | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'isotropic', 'realizability', 'of', 'a', 'given', 'non', 'smooth', 'gradient', 'field', 'nabla', 'u', 'defined', 'in', 'mathbbrd', 'namely', 'when', 'one', 'can', 'reconstruct', 'an', 'isotropic', 'conductivity', 'sigma0', 'such', 'that', 'sigmanabla', 'u', 'is', 'divergence', 'free', 'in', 'mathbbrd', 'on', 'the', 'one', 'hand', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'where', 'nabla', 'u', 'is', 'nonvanishing', 'uniformly', 'continuous', 'in', 'mathbbrd', 'and', 'triangle', 'u', 'is', 'a', 'bounded', 'function', 'in', 'mathbbrd', 'we', 'prove', 'the', 'isotropic', 'realizability', 'of', 'nabla', 'u', 'using', 'the', 'associated', 'gradient', 'flow', 'combined', 'with', 'the', 'diperna', 'lions', 'approach', 'for', 'solving', 'ordinary', 'differential', 'equations', 'in', 'suitable', 'sobolev', 'spaces', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'where', 'nabla', 'u', 'is', 'piecewise', 'regular', 'we', 'prove', 'roughly', 'speaking', 'that', 'the', 'isotropic', 'realizability', 'holds', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'the', 'normal', 'derivatives', 'of', 'u', 'on', 'each', 'side', 'of', 'the', 'gradient', 'discontinuity', 'interfaces', 'have', 'the', 'same', 'sign', 'some', 'examples', 'of', 'conductivity', 'reconstruction', 'are', 'given']] | [-0.14513050631087807, 0.08716948867503171, -0.02795539213610547, 0.029595888641363543, -0.08945095149933227, -0.17078340142699225, -0.06264881686823043, 0.36043471403286925, -0.3800799795160336, -0.14803741660102138, 0.0841265696699598, -0.34496879771884, -0.10589225964088525, 0.1609971212306326, -0.08984574952129541, 0.04356199997211141, 0.004500436899252236, 0.09178052618101772, -0.11557089264305043, -0.2347300962312147, 0.3866018593643925, -0.14359678654790123, 0.21273242035614592, 0.052041892008855936, 0.13351545901303843, 0.0051016370034111394, 0.03525610185960042, 0.05533887381981393, -0.16898866766849616, 0.07305551104322408, 0.20510359818082569, 0.02336791173688003, 0.304104579619265, -0.4173328646059547, -0.19956547342506903, 0.18694170650227793, 0.106897867324629, -0.01029273560270667, -0.0184559380194904, -0.2635056535347498, 0.0851342259307525, -0.05005572867978896, -0.1518387745999332, -0.015647967419187937, 0.07831227056366126, 0.0820829963095353, -0.3202909967263362, 0.11702434430730396, 0.10320800900974843, 0.038261027015479544, -0.106603302613699, -0.13197840663072255, -0.06114397419150919, 0.04306690080577807, 0.011714496245674257, 0.16257719976627932, 0.05756155784121282, -0.1226776860039016, -0.013879224731187736, 0.38934114982507056, -0.1255532979133672, -0.3085785425667252, 0.12575916216176536, -0.19739059432010567, -0.11492531704134308, 0.047339214289760484, 0.12845365864091685, 0.1731302500136995, -0.10680635621257742, 0.2296976003022532, -0.07285420950502157, 0.12294270401554448, 0.10935982526612602, -0.048569962655061055, 0.048771144429753936, 0.08711769145614068, 0.16624387645195904, 0.10632382883715244, -0.03296614020738551, -0.07459767255391593, -0.3854388018404799, -0.15475963190796652, -0.17292198555078359, 0.09454112806623535, -0.11288233148245906, -0.21271369608917406, 0.3121817728637585, 0.10398741507170987, 0.1898743517879796, 0.06226266083041472, 0.2496445550450257, 0.17135954533836673, -0.032359071195657764, 0.14674778367791858, 0.15228645055093304, 0.138456555760266, 0.09842056538992827, -0.1826288670950037, 0.06482171262947044, 0.13399234495622556] |
1,802.04858 | Measure-geometric Laplacians on the real line | Motivated by the fundamental theorem of calculus, and based on the works of
Feller as well as Kac and Kre\u{\i}n, given an atomless Borel probability
measure $\eta$ supported on a compact subset of $\mathbb{R}$, Freiberg and
Z\"{a}hle introduced a measure-geometric approach to define a first order
differential operator $\nabla_{\eta}$ and a second order differential operator
$\Delta_{\eta}$, with respect to $\eta$. We generalise this approach to
measures of the form $\eta = \nu + \delta$, where $\nu$ is continuous and
$\delta$ is finitely supported. We determine analytic properties of
$\nabla_{\eta}$ and $\Delta_{\eta}$ and show that $\Delta_{\eta}$ is a densely
defined, unbounded, linear, self-adjoint operator with compact resolvent.
Moreover, we give a systematic way to calculate the eigenvalues and
eigenfunctions of $\Delta_{\eta}$. For two leading examples, we determine the
eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions, as well as the asymptotic growth rates of
the eigenvalue counting function.
| math.DS math.FA math.SP | motivated by the fundamental theorem of calculus and based on the works of feller as well as kac and kreuin given an atomless borel probability measure eta supported on a compact subset of mathbbr freiberg and zahle introduced a measuregeometric approach to define a first order differential operator nabla_eta and a second order differential operator delta_eta with respect to eta we generalise this approach to measures of the form eta nu delta where nu is continuous and delta is finitely supported we determine analytic properties of nabla_eta and delta_eta and show that delta_eta is a densely defined unbounded linear selfadjoint operator with compact resolvent moreover we give a systematic way to calculate the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of delta_eta for two leading examples we determine the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions as well as the asymptotic growth rates of the eigenvalue counting function | [['motivated', 'by', 'the', 'fundamental', 'theorem', 'of', 'calculus', 'and', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'works', 'of', 'feller', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'kac', 'and', 'kreuin', 'given', 'an', 'atomless', 'borel', 'probability', 'measure', 'eta', 'supported', 'on', 'a', 'compact', 'subset', 'of', 'mathbbr', 'freiberg', 'and', 'zahle', 'introduced', 'a', 'measuregeometric', 'approach', 'to', 'define', 'a', 'first', 'order', 'differential', 'operator', 'nabla_eta', 'and', 'a', 'second', 'order', 'differential', 'operator', 'delta_eta', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'eta', 'we', 'generalise', 'this', 'approach', 'to', 'measures', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'eta', 'nu', 'delta', 'where', 'nu', 'is', 'continuous', 'and', 'delta', 'is', 'finitely', 'supported', 'we', 'determine', 'analytic', 'properties', 'of', 'nabla_eta', 'and', 'delta_eta', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'delta_eta', 'is', 'a', 'densely', 'defined', 'unbounded', 'linear', 'selfadjoint', 'operator', 'with', 'compact', 'resolvent', 'moreover', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'systematic', 'way', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'and', 'eigenfunctions', 'of', 'delta_eta', 'for', 'two', 'leading', 'examples', 'we', 'determine', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'and', 'the', 'eigenfunctions', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'growth', 'rates', 'of', 'the', 'eigenvalue', 'counting', 'function']] | [-0.10856494867651582, 0.09145877104708607, -0.08244051388799876, 0.08289211417092747, -0.08611105323146037, -0.09243381417376532, 0.03502246847362827, 0.32556209938681063, -0.2565511810399002, -0.18999306530492355, 0.08973120534859544, -0.30684943997683073, -0.14772636615905724, 0.19430364363176897, -0.06702603276470583, 0.11238872759687386, 0.025984746747375498, 0.10803148152119071, -0.06366461259982945, -0.1506548063199726, 0.3926660020386787, -0.009174847864820588, 0.16133200261648073, 0.085011419756405, 0.10295733326389421, -0.011673101559013343, -0.0614139776523627, -0.01487442683395025, -0.20158773178441775, 0.11652177865340596, 0.2418519306003297, 0.07554636674551227, 0.2609015509801106, -0.3332880476101054, -0.11369225411950577, 0.16890885997161592, 0.1317711063231871, -0.03682040524662292, 0.00978227188683403, -0.32874293496209134, 0.11877952321104222, -0.17621518733154098, -0.18506835367557384, -0.105632218110154, 0.07478583415822802, 0.057165554867430905, -0.3328951201435152, 0.0760644458723422, 0.0946038544543168, 0.03924436128209177, -0.052836889176622784, -0.11658788570906405, -0.030047454397200787, 0.0847401908789795, 0.020467140283033574, 0.035800810209843964, 0.07428331552877379, -0.022379831588498766, -0.12508239846328179, 0.32792294891752144, -0.10361947822250533, -0.27047201376676344, 0.12554830031154557, -0.21333987359292536, -0.11421310473333963, 0.04936259146444767, 0.13145820211565537, 0.16510232909801986, -0.10383538501136166, 0.1775238347409809, -0.042629645661645225, 0.1141574044758789, 0.0968981177530171, 0.04321923743759235, 0.07000000072683361, 0.11450302783775029, 0.11429631194474993, 0.11349742237156887, -0.004883527933291608, -0.07933099967052343, -0.3517098891542112, -0.17487902338315042, -0.1945350016953035, 0.11345402671613818, -0.08395595211280667, -0.21525305730756372, 0.37748127153793204, 0.05869360555217956, 0.27003393709247514, 0.11664436267112656, 0.21340980244760246, 0.2206914526537704, 0.012953226452043427, 0.06629154070032586, 0.1119876416976289, 0.22403200103050405, 0.042417665534793474, -0.19014032453942623, 0.0009142326579677115, 0.15132611061332465] |
1,802.04859 | Distribution-free Junta Testing | We study the problem of testing whether an unknown $n$-variable Boolean
function is a $k$-junta in the distribution-free property testing model, where
the distance between functions is measured with respect to an arbitrary and
unknown probability distribution over $\{0,1\}^n$. Our first main result is
that distribution-free $k$-junta testing can be performed, with one-sided
error, by an adaptive algorithm that uses $\tilde{O}(k^2)/\epsilon$ queries
(independent of $n$). Complementing this, our second main result is a lower
bound showing that any non-adaptive distribution-free $k$-junta testing
algorithm must make $\Omega(2^{k/3})$ queries even to test to accuracy
$\epsilon=1/3$. These bounds establish that while the optimal query complexity
of non-adaptive $k$-junta testing is $2^{\Theta(k)}$, for adaptive testing it
is $\text{poly}(k)$, and thus show that adaptivity provides an exponential
improvement in the distribution-free query complexity of testing juntas.
| cs.CC | we study the problem of testing whether an unknown nvariable boolean function is a kjunta in the distributionfree property testing model where the distance between functions is measured with respect to an arbitrary and unknown probability distribution over 01n our first main result is that distributionfree kjunta testing can be performed with onesided error by an adaptive algorithm that uses tildeok2epsilon queries independent of n complementing this our second main result is a lower bound showing that any nonadaptive distributionfree kjunta testing algorithm must make omega2k3 queries even to test to accuracy epsilon13 these bounds establish that while the optimal query complexity of nonadaptive kjunta testing is 2thetak for adaptive testing it is textpolyk and thus show that adaptivity provides an exponential improvement in the distributionfree query complexity of testing juntas | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'testing', 'whether', 'an', 'unknown', 'nvariable', 'boolean', 'function', 'is', 'a', 'kjunta', 'in', 'the', 'distributionfree', 'property', 'testing', 'model', 'where', 'the', 'distance', 'between', 'functions', 'is', 'measured', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'and', 'unknown', 'probability', 'distribution', 'over', '01n', 'our', 'first', 'main', 'result', 'is', 'that', 'distributionfree', 'kjunta', 'testing', 'can', 'be', 'performed', 'with', 'onesided', 'error', 'by', 'an', 'adaptive', 'algorithm', 'that', 'uses', 'tildeok2epsilon', 'queries', 'independent', 'of', 'n', 'complementing', 'this', 'our', 'second', 'main', 'result', 'is', 'a', 'lower', 'bound', 'showing', 'that', 'any', 'nonadaptive', 'distributionfree', 'kjunta', 'testing', 'algorithm', 'must', 'make', 'omega2k3', 'queries', 'even', 'to', 'test', 'to', 'accuracy', 'epsilon13', 'these', 'bounds', 'establish', 'that', 'while', 'the', 'optimal', 'query', 'complexity', 'of', 'nonadaptive', 'kjunta', 'testing', 'is', '2thetak', 'for', 'adaptive', 'testing', 'it', 'is', 'textpolyk', 'and', 'thus', 'show', 'that', 'adaptivity', 'provides', 'an', 'exponential', 'improvement', 'in', 'the', 'distributionfree', 'query', 'complexity', 'of', 'testing', 'juntas']] | [-0.08479941105686647, 0.03165250673372111, -0.11447569185302975, 0.09640970441797936, -0.055030702205389276, -0.22220972375294498, 0.11801949182034348, 0.3879355110675674, -0.2636632007048574, -0.3259789720236309, 0.08031688713064317, -0.21364118434604287, -0.11899331323044418, 0.22093321102700203, -0.13782997887090656, 0.13316037472655146, 0.022745311364906935, 0.03106954781150864, -0.056131584784593576, -0.36974355130810144, 0.2648389305497065, 0.09925171142342941, 0.25346494426358807, -0.006079521158334706, 0.06382737833602253, 0.016066634359718987, -0.0061447991919162314, 0.012683416357581584, -0.11307162345102095, 0.06756240335137893, 0.2867395637643545, 0.2634428252502459, 0.3531655817718584, -0.317010810663707, -0.103269559773436, 0.16844454240559262, 0.12153571261121898, 0.027046670875504844, -0.05187628553212844, -0.2611037028534699, 0.13830224923020618, -0.09025838010756718, -0.07235985347105897, -0.03941030492067568, 0.02256130892061448, -0.01876444127203088, -0.4198124208884646, 0.03525442889595563, 0.12758227622555207, 0.03724839737234536, -0.01636791891732448, -0.10317228153319091, 0.1149981935479671, 0.12599914764097436, 0.03374528845811855, 0.11957133987146004, 0.06970088757473485, -0.050899865890874765, -0.18729562657188567, 0.3076513132239266, -0.026758049535312394, -0.2107430436800039, 0.1452296884412798, -0.11966725225495391, -0.17024104114506364, 0.09477673288319231, 0.16098404773186112, 0.12744714915589972, -0.1274251594287596, 0.1458316434629608, -0.11503355578310037, 0.252316145442946, 0.07724139047425616, 0.018310332645539395, 0.05467532124630241, 0.17497538262526974, 0.16315583630587704, 0.16662540385506816, -0.01964807663791517, -0.03577037090110744, -0.3260222593279079, -0.18956339066034153, -0.26154515667017114, 0.008509633225179457, -0.19887592230879253, -0.19640156526259298, 0.29846524995166895, 0.18252687403470164, 0.15681753949399374, 0.2319212119896398, 0.31602362319538296, 0.08273042879399461, 0.014893733156310726, 0.15314310945338316, 0.18155697888384262, 0.06399095785811312, -0.0748497912824486, -0.17660270137337844, 0.203779861558402, 0.05175791986921961] |
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