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1,803.05867
|
Capturing Structure Implicitly from Time-Series having Limited Data
|
Scientific fields such as insider-threat detection and highway-safety
planning often lack sufficient amounts of time-series data to estimate
statistical models for the purpose of scientific discovery. Moreover, the
available limited data are quite noisy. This presents a major challenge when
estimating time-series models that are robust to overfitting and have
well-calibrated uncertainty estimates. Most of the current literature in these
fields involve visualizing the time-series for noticeable structure and hard
coding them into pre-specified parametric functions. This approach is
associated with two limitations. First, given that such trends may not be
easily noticeable in small data, it is difficult to explicitly incorporate
expressive structure into the models during formulation. Second, it is
difficult to know $\textit{a priori}$ the most appropriate functional form to
use. To address these limitations, a nonparametric Bayesian approach was
proposed to implicitly capture hidden structure from time series having limited
data. The proposed model, a Gaussian process with a spectral mixture kernel,
precludes the need to pre-specify a functional form and hard code trends, is
robust to overfitting and has well-calibrated uncertainty estimates.
|
stat.ML cs.LG
|
scientific fields such as insiderthreat detection and highwaysafety planning often lack sufficient amounts of timeseries data to estimate statistical models for the purpose of scientific discovery moreover the available limited data are quite noisy this presents a major challenge when estimating timeseries models that are robust to overfitting and have wellcalibrated uncertainty estimates most of the current literature in these fields involve visualizing the timeseries for noticeable structure and hard coding them into prespecified parametric functions this approach is associated with two limitations first given that such trends may not be easily noticeable in small data it is difficult to explicitly incorporate expressive structure into the models during formulation second it is difficult to know textita priori the most appropriate functional form to use to address these limitations a nonparametric bayesian approach was proposed to implicitly capture hidden structure from time series having limited data the proposed model a gaussian process with a spectral mixture kernel precludes the need to prespecify a functional form and hard code trends is robust to overfitting and has wellcalibrated uncertainty estimates
|
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|
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|
1,803.05868
|
Free subgroups of $3$-manifold groups
|
We show that any closed hyperbolic $3$-manifold $M$ has a co-final tower of
covers $M_i \to M$ of degrees $n_i$ such that any subgroup of $\pi_1(M_i)$
generated by $k_i$ elements is free, where $k_i \ge n_i^C$ and $C = C(M) > 0$.
Together with this result we show that $\log k_i \geq C_1 sys_1(M_i)$, where
$sys_1(M_i)$ denotes the systole of $M_i$, thus providing a large set of new
examples for a conjecture of Gromov. In the second theorem $C_1> 0$ is an
absolute constant. We also consider a generalization of these results to
non-compact finite volume hyperbolic $3$-manifolds.
|
math.GR math.GT
|
we show that any closed hyperbolic 3manifold m has a cofinal tower of covers m_i to m of degrees n_i such that any subgroup of pi_1m_i generated by k_i elements is free where k_i ge n_ic and c cm 0 together with this result we show that log k_i geq c_1 sys_1m_i where sys_1m_i denotes the systole of m_i thus providing a large set of new examples for a conjecture of gromov in the second theorem c_1 0 is an absolute constant we also consider a generalization of these results to noncompact finite volume hyperbolic 3manifolds
|
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|
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|
1,803.05869
|
Magneto-elastic switching of magnetostrictive nanomagnets with in-plane
shape anisotropy
|
We theoretically study the effect of a material defect (material void) on
switching errors associated with magneto-elastic switching of magnetization in
elliptical magnetostrictive nanomagnets having in-plane magnetic anisotropy. We
find that the error probability increases significantly in the presence of the
defect, indicating that magneto-elastic switching is particularly vulnerable to
material imperfections. Curiously, there is a critical stress value that gives
the lowest error probability in both defect-free and defective nanomagnets. The
critical stress is much higher in defective nanomagnets than in defect-free
ones. Since it is more difficult to generate the critical stress in small
nanomagnets than in large nanomagnets (having the same energy barrier for
thermal stability), it would be a challenge to downscale magneto-elastically
switched nanomagnets in memory and other applications where reliable switching
is required. This is likely to be further exacerbated by the presence of
defects.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall
|
we theoretically study the effect of a material defect material void on switching errors associated with magnetoelastic switching of magnetization in elliptical magnetostrictive nanomagnets having inplane magnetic anisotropy we find that the error probability increases significantly in the presence of the defect indicating that magnetoelastic switching is particularly vulnerable to material imperfections curiously there is a critical stress value that gives the lowest error probability in both defectfree and defective nanomagnets the critical stress is much higher in defective nanomagnets than in defectfree ones since it is more difficult to generate the critical stress in small nanomagnets than in large nanomagnets having the same energy barrier for thermal stability it would be a challenge to downscale magnetoelastically switched nanomagnets in memory and other applications where reliable switching is required this is likely to be further exacerbated by the presence of defects
|
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|
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|
1,803.0587
|
pH Sensing by Lipids in Membranes: The Fundamentals of pH-driven
Migration, Polarization and Deformations of Lipid Bilayer Assemblies
|
Most biological molecules contain acido-basic groups that modulate their
structure and interactions. A consequence is that pH gradients, local
heterogeneities and dynamic variations are used by cells and organisms to drive
or regulate specific biological functions including energetic metabolism,
vesicular traffic, migration and spatial patterning of tissues in development.
While the direct or regulatory role of pH in protein function is well
documented, the role of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in modulating the properties
of lipid assemblies such as bilayer membranes is only beginning to be
understood. Here, we review approaches using artificial lipid vesicles that
have been instrumental in providing an understanding of the influence of pH
gradients and local variations on membrane vectorial motional processes:
migration, membrane curvature effects promoting global or local deformations,
crowding generation by segregative polarization processes. In the case of pH
induced local deformations, an extensive theoretical framework is given and an
application to a specific biological issue, namely the structure and stability
of mitochondrial cristae, is described.
|
physics.bio-ph cond-mat.soft q-bio.SC
|
most biological molecules contain acidobasic groups that modulate their structure and interactions a consequence is that ph gradients local heterogeneities and dynamic variations are used by cells and organisms to drive or regulate specific biological functions including energetic metabolism vesicular traffic migration and spatial patterning of tissues in development while the direct or regulatory role of ph in protein function is well documented the role of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in modulating the properties of lipid assemblies such as bilayer membranes is only beginning to be understood here we review approaches using artificial lipid vesicles that have been instrumental in providing an understanding of the influence of ph gradients and local variations on membrane vectorial motional processes migration membrane curvature effects promoting global or local deformations crowding generation by segregative polarization processes in the case of ph induced local deformations an extensive theoretical framework is given and an application to a specific biological issue namely the structure and stability of mitochondrial cristae is described
|
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|
[-0.1163251416049212, 0.16453075335756376, -0.010013518937466312, 0.05026974875345666, -0.018963805042732894, -0.0877545596631758, 0.001282678654223132, 0.41134395715466304, -0.28047076029705875, -0.2716071690472723, 0.06113169909714852, -0.23078467490928578, -0.2525552947179877, 0.13905890198942972, -0.06025819839806827, 0.0030198035575306624, 0.0018698855766032371, -0.06458277794021107, 0.06253021078589915, -0.1724513006386593, 0.22345858177725808, 0.08258153588555331, 0.2752207146266167, 0.11587112716633392, 0.09332159218489781, -0.021422480018752302, -0.003894889805083123, 0.02393384802903683, -0.1253511096411824, 0.14711964677767886, 0.247068879056002, 0.07535228774914278, 0.2648948976838607, -0.5348086453220047, -0.30251232481510176, 0.09057718305420016, 0.15630827594171365, 0.12640272987509385, -0.06952478278476883, -0.2302481176980137, 0.044590496617023676, -0.1188047648624637, -0.11307309860395028, -0.09554051995517378, 0.04385146282133332, 0.08840652111706329, -0.2306941519898471, 0.152722491388512, 0.056049575881341164, 0.15203847433583229, -0.13730220863478831, -0.10418347302739268, -0.10192497172735723, 0.18904530505386918, 0.05631084690596108, -0.003052641437021141, 0.33055496162362114, -0.17133302072011666, -0.09152891812917485, 0.37581360852631507, -0.0034222257712090308, -0.22813594589821218, 0.24165006960096536, -0.10428421178752659, -0.1397348333155862, 0.12876114875158193, 0.16605180760194188, 0.09204292245654881, -0.18321908148919072, 0.0385731697065825, 0.051456521585172305, 0.1822105278460983, 0.12527052168820077, 0.032718247916846556, 0.22447880901013462, 0.21775604745064595, 0.05020976827145651, 0.10912448760376317, -0.0481038695201992, -0.08689586457687835, -0.2111011851076151, -0.1558442642295196, -0.1102938570562133, 0.05024642929823304, -0.05637347311237856, -0.1898025538766274, 0.37991985339282847, 0.04648643727562508, 0.186440677616311, -0.03358975330230557, 0.2290463442000006, 0.010939586861201911, 0.0892926083200617, -0.04436135893413351, 0.193312020989512, 0.1419577077273965, 0.09666666661623431, -0.27929513500374886, 0.1521602538828538, 0.019086370566014223]
|
1,803.05871
|
Distributed Data Vending on Blockchain
|
Recent advances in blockchain technologies have provided exciting
opportunities for decentralized applications. Specifically, blockchain-based
smart contracts enable credible transactions without authorized third parties.
The attractive properties of smart contracts facilitate distributed data
vending, allowing for proprietary data to be securely exchanged on a
blockchain. Distributed data vending can transform domains such as healthcare
by encouraging data distribution from owners and enabling large-scale data
aggregation. However, one key challenge in distributed data vending is the
trade-off dilemma between the effectiveness of data retrieval, and the leakage
risk from indexing the data. In this paper, we propose a framework for
distributed data vending through a combination of data embedding and similarity
learning. We illustrate our framework through a practical scenario of
distributing and aggregating electronic medical records on a blockchain.
Extensive empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework.
|
cs.CR cs.LG
|
recent advances in blockchain technologies have provided exciting opportunities for decentralized applications specifically blockchainbased smart contracts enable credible transactions without authorized third parties the attractive properties of smart contracts facilitate distributed data vending allowing for proprietary data to be securely exchanged on a blockchain distributed data vending can transform domains such as healthcare by encouraging data distribution from owners and enabling largescale data aggregation however one key challenge in distributed data vending is the tradeoff dilemma between the effectiveness of data retrieval and the leakage risk from indexing the data in this paper we propose a framework for distributed data vending through a combination of data embedding and similarity learning we illustrate our framework through a practical scenario of distributing and aggregating electronic medical records on a blockchain extensive empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework
|
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|
[-0.1232165503115937, -0.03461991189673108, -0.07182920270388687, 0.040849724900059024, -0.12302340264007258, -0.17441960809290083, 0.15026130814897237, 0.4019215093911999, -0.33219006713343796, -0.33714700660865454, 0.15394272632220501, -0.3507240050532651, -0.10996878734470283, 0.21799249435438484, -0.1279882708747946, 0.11526888901925217, 0.10632409867796584, -0.03659922693750692, 0.031241947010050723, -0.2855148047283564, 0.29986507452031885, 0.03986716911155921, 0.43158813031648635, 0.08233728418194682, 0.07754197746114194, 0.04384688386034193, -0.06739082922275266, -0.06795355530428517, -0.04592284048316035, 0.23560412962628652, 0.3906008646463173, 0.2859141586457182, 0.3876753666907223, -0.46994664173328526, -0.17622172132977387, 0.07316363789820976, 0.1470772230141137, 0.05124359045952667, -0.16091505101759557, -0.3627113596855724, 0.0592077237683056, -0.2624893772898473, -0.048903048782860926, -0.1503201457433892, -0.028276818960796306, 0.04411657712079014, -0.30731509510940963, 0.026741899488779315, -0.040771705951171175, 0.0802368421730395, -0.026249083388685146, -0.0376632843900771, 0.018206322956558343, 0.18321928467914245, 0.02652387723095552, -0.03409538046205348, 0.1470984838712607, -0.07942374261014544, -0.19434937121717083, 0.355784143086686, 0.016416319013729582, -0.14285828846160079, 0.11663954023842829, 0.028955074934710334, -0.1774436023466996, 0.026304659171940855, 0.26689795102162733, 0.05979852856945817, -0.22860388064597237, 0.05577825582042391, -0.013566575033495025, 0.18527344028621803, -0.003075423861180779, 0.03823036388460085, 0.20951663886441638, 0.2506972055773448, 0.06751341152304008, 0.1212209005352368, -0.06235437327316099, -0.14633714125863867, -0.21072328625838307, -0.1615321690107893, -0.21837485343707305, -0.03638948542643746, -0.14513245593700355, -0.0891615146852649, 0.3434162292167218, 0.24688310928330043, 0.15149489176004147, 0.0242256443305145, 0.42078805831770827, -0.04905795969364716, 0.11351567296052936, 0.13072584749260632, 0.12948099228750615, -0.031785230646861624, 0.21755651348562788, -0.11477401174169823, 0.1283575658793527, -0.08388679334893823]
|
1,803.05872
|
Virtual CNN Branching: Efficient Feature Ensemble for Person
Re-Identification
|
In this paper we introduce an ensemble method for convolutional neural
network (CNN), called "virtual branching," which can be implemented with nearly
no additional parameters and computation on top of standard CNNs. We propose
our method in the context of person re-identification (re-ID). Our CNN model
consists of shared bottom layers, followed by "virtual" branches, where neurons
from a block of regular convolutional and fully-connected layers are
partitioned into multiple sets. Each virtual branch is trained with different
data to specialize in different aspects, e.g., a specific body region or pose
orientation. In this way, robust ensemble representations are obtained against
human body misalignment, deformations, or variations in viewing angles, at
nearly no any additional cost. The proposed method achieves competitive
performance on multiple person re-ID benchmark datasets, including Market-1501,
CUHK03, and DukeMTMC-reID.
|
cs.CV
|
in this paper we introduce an ensemble method for convolutional neural network cnn called virtual branching which can be implemented with nearly no additional parameters and computation on top of standard cnns we propose our method in the context of person reidentification reid our cnn model consists of shared bottom layers followed by virtual branches where neurons from a block of regular convolutional and fullyconnected layers are partitioned into multiple sets each virtual branch is trained with different data to specialize in different aspects eg a specific body region or pose orientation in this way robust ensemble representations are obtained against human body misalignment deformations or variations in viewing angles at nearly no any additional cost the proposed method achieves competitive performance on multiple person reid benchmark datasets including market1501 cuhk03 and dukemtmcreid
|
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|
[-0.09213808623424388, 0.020121854615395125, -0.016766785234352925, 0.006995089886941128, -0.049250607009402904, -0.231921671522095, -0.002675205349214935, 0.4606168298400882, -0.24724205958795265, -0.33518548873848375, 0.029430307054899185, -0.26149082681010094, -0.19021528092724152, 0.19359017613946103, -0.14356934179243794, 0.06512803101957657, 0.19479343208267277, 0.01710834446594231, -0.03178090187944157, -0.2916388276772297, 0.33646871775994425, -0.01909608204842062, 0.3354466224257323, -0.011041176295314068, 0.15334982121856952, -0.006323035948216579, -0.014301909361370747, -0.007797795893183272, -0.011223551351577044, 0.16405404777147045, 0.261382251655809, 0.13993790460823985, 0.2724522033590767, -0.4178303335040556, -0.1957641921139189, 0.07278850649070359, 0.14807459990582797, 0.09785475752229322, -0.006574519792627683, -0.36606187302325116, 0.09624640484641593, -0.18390755099769598, 0.014421330644097879, -0.10062251561601415, -0.0477146977047555, -0.07341785158846471, -0.3058918348296468, 0.031516390705579204, 0.028857641037609568, 0.06985484271947491, -0.03861184247692389, -0.17476988371279567, -0.007474325219155254, 0.19190089047809405, 0.012295716410656845, 0.051675603263950175, 0.15068296143519028, -0.18310262866955446, -0.14385949163802697, 0.3407982005492637, -0.06674590725031562, -0.24357128228039893, 0.2212842089208053, -0.013112408917789397, -0.14196256899337908, 0.08289858862351542, 0.26684948057636504, 0.11980252233824056, -0.14198747807693549, 0.012209147112041404, -0.10042578027814739, 0.18282228562879355, 0.10182309581344962, -0.032545950090428606, 0.19054639770708895, 0.24791743245003814, 0.020178572967984622, 0.1511752486948442, -0.17218148233929187, -0.09939002043907215, -0.2111793336068119, -0.06671216551046398, -0.1538149966014535, -0.04891046024928976, -0.13805452220921346, -0.15877754617083287, 0.43744942971638273, 0.16927136291928774, 0.2481202946545178, 0.11688423433421614, 0.36052890788567693, -0.038505358101547996, 0.1668240348423334, 0.13542575150013977, 0.18250463344156742, -0.023819837640424755, 0.07439613028270144, -0.1467443074334301, 0.0719215906456225, 0.09898071582919281]
|
1,803.05873
|
Deep Structure Inference Network for Facial Action Unit Recognition
|
Facial expressions are combinations of basic components called Action Units
(AU). Recognizing AUs is key for developing general facial expression analysis.
In recent years, most efforts in automatic AU recognition have been dedicated
to learning combinations of local features and to exploiting correlations
between Action Units. In this paper, we propose a deep neural architecture that
tackles both problems by combining learned local and global features in its
initial stages and replicating a message passing algorithm between classes
similar to a graphical model inference approach in later stages. We show that
by training the model end-to-end with increased supervision we improve
state-of-the-art by 5.3% and 8.2% performance on BP4D and DISFA datasets,
respectively.
|
cs.CV
|
facial expressions are combinations of basic components called action units au recognizing aus is key for developing general facial expression analysis in recent years most efforts in automatic au recognition have been dedicated to learning combinations of local features and to exploiting correlations between action units in this paper we propose a deep neural architecture that tackles both problems by combining learned local and global features in its initial stages and replicating a message passing algorithm between classes similar to a graphical model inference approach in later stages we show that by training the model endtoend with increased supervision we improve stateoftheart by 53 and 82 performance on bp4d and disfa datasets respectively
|
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|
[-0.06964853481776946, -0.015853184398956003, -0.05234693344352783, 0.01510295151337256, -0.06887289727996804, -0.18151267683051064, 0.0025521625200105188, 0.44390306298711657, -0.24622733705260882, -0.35748657778696674, 0.06597266990209279, -0.2710801733872004, -0.23054828444512282, 0.17226723063555835, -0.13358937960892783, 0.06268754366226906, 0.14334510539584192, 0.01628648597681153, -0.09597354994590221, -0.2698551277234425, 0.2705413753566522, 0.05010834650885503, 0.3078679373607336, 0.010565504287493177, 0.14968338905034206, -0.018963499855975396, -0.04616104573448213, -0.02924553232382884, -0.06697323602334229, 0.20699004117663192, 0.3090503383592694, 0.220646205665214, 0.3161418649689418, -0.43850634196789656, -0.20048054123083048, 0.05433017537677743, 0.14901826705008878, 0.10461449818631564, -0.01803915457392062, -0.34685774706304073, 0.11890857772225827, -0.18170223552403988, 0.043975360407205545, -0.12537346042762718, 0.04418628270811488, -0.016343155546130333, -0.2790926280884748, 0.049794338981464376, 0.09603862643274849, 0.1433036071907696, -0.07242709047478352, -0.11839486740063876, 0.04591774813876182, 0.16325346544071767, 0.04492601932055292, 0.04193169889411172, 0.13951573138273593, -0.18376109243650812, -0.13836711643065894, 0.2985104487722624, -0.08047358658725182, -0.1689514789474815, 0.22221407652791358, -0.027650711884870467, -0.18781186128859367, 0.08694639972996264, 0.23705009015820985, 0.1265287546243156, -0.1943909273651816, 0.027922571619737695, -0.01442068633911884, 0.18073707284092638, 0.08701836183024324, -0.0051829329938050854, 0.20607517729925437, 0.24022587050016211, -0.024819235837221478, 0.12555248227662744, -0.1397308952456332, -0.06697961079797386, -0.20384713395836607, -0.08366814822749755, -0.13707064225264223, -0.06564181850114591, -0.09482556587202058, -0.063708001286187, 0.4189239483227772, 0.21032130672077162, 0.21333671520609385, 0.11533180184546957, 0.3255380330096304, 0.016269309277258878, 0.14314477333790762, 0.13465802079330372, 0.1822750169435615, 0.030393430879903625, 0.08999690643833143, -0.16109879169019714, 0.09593278540203562, 0.10265188396442682]
|
1,803.05874
|
Synthesizing geocodes to facilitate access to detailed geographical
information in large scale administrative data
|
We investigate whether generating synthetic data can be a viable strategy for
providing access to detailed geocoding information for external researchers,
without compromising the confidentiality of the units included in the database.
Our work was motivated by a recent project at the Institute for Employment
Research (IAB) in Germany that linked exact geocodes to the Integrated
Employment Biographies (IEB), a large administrative database containing
several million records. We evaluate the performance of three synthesizers
regarding the trade-off between preserving analytical validity and limiting
disclosure risks: One synthesizer employs Dirichlet Process mixtures of
products of multinomials (DPMPM), while the other two use different versions of
Classification and Regression Trees (CART). In terms of preserving analytical
validity, our proposed synthesis strategy for geocodes based on categorical
CART models outperforms the other two. If the risks of the synthetic data
generated by the categorical CART synthesizer are deemed too high, we
demonstrate that synthesizing additional variables is the preferred strategy to
address the risk-utility trade-off in practice, compared to limiting the size
of the regression trees or relying on the strategy of providing geographical
information only on an aggregated level. We also propose strategies for making
the synthesizers scalable for large files, present analytical validity measures
and disclosure risk measures for the generated data, and provide general
recommendations for statistical agencies considering the synthetic data
approach for disseminating detailed geographical information.
|
stat.AP stat.ME
|
we investigate whether generating synthetic data can be a viable strategy for providing access to detailed geocoding information for external researchers without compromising the confidentiality of the units included in the database our work was motivated by a recent project at the institute for employment research iab in germany that linked exact geocodes to the integrated employment biographies ieb a large administrative database containing several million records we evaluate the performance of three synthesizers regarding the tradeoff between preserving analytical validity and limiting disclosure risks one synthesizer employs dirichlet process mixtures of products of multinomials dpmpm while the other two use different versions of classification and regression trees cart in terms of preserving analytical validity our proposed synthesis strategy for geocodes based on categorical cart models outperforms the other two if the risks of the synthetic data generated by the categorical cart synthesizer are deemed too high we demonstrate that synthesizing additional variables is the preferred strategy to address the riskutility tradeoff in practice compared to limiting the size of the regression trees or relying on the strategy of providing geographical information only on an aggregated level we also propose strategies for making the synthesizers scalable for large files present analytical validity measures and disclosure risk measures for the generated data and provide general recommendations for statistical agencies considering the synthetic data approach for disseminating detailed geographical information
|
[['we', 'investigate', 'whether', 'generating', 'synthetic', 'data', 'can', 'be', 'a', 'viable', 'strategy', 'for', 'providing', 'access', 'to', 'detailed', 'geocoding', 'information', 'for', 'external', 'researchers', 'without', 'compromising', 'the', 'confidentiality', 'of', 'the', 'units', 'included', 'in', 'the', 'database', 'our', 'work', 'was', 'motivated', 'by', 'a', 'recent', 'project', 'at', 'the', 'institute', 'for', 'employment', 'research', 'iab', 'in', 'germany', 'that', 'linked', 'exact', 'geocodes', 'to', 'the', 'integrated', 'employment', 'biographies', 'ieb', 'a', 'large', 'administrative', 'database', 'containing', 'several', 'million', 'records', 'we', 'evaluate', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'three', 'synthesizers', 'regarding', 'the', 'tradeoff', 'between', 'preserving', 'analytical', 'validity', 'and', 'limiting', 'disclosure', 'risks', 'one', 'synthesizer', 'employs', 'dirichlet', 'process', 'mixtures', 'of', 'products', 'of', 'multinomials', 'dpmpm', 'while', 'the', 'other', 'two', 'use', 'different', 'versions', 'of', 'classification', 'and', 'regression', 'trees', 'cart', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'preserving', 'analytical', 'validity', 'our', 'proposed', 'synthesis', 'strategy', 'for', 'geocodes', 'based', 'on', 'categorical', 'cart', 'models', 'outperforms', 'the', 'other', 'two', 'if', 'the', 'risks', 'of', 'the', 'synthetic', 'data', 'generated', 'by', 'the', 'categorical', 'cart', 'synthesizer', 'are', 'deemed', 'too', 'high', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'synthesizing', 'additional', 'variables', 'is', 'the', 'preferred', 'strategy', 'to', 'address', 'the', 'riskutility', 'tradeoff', 'in', 'practice', 'compared', 'to', 'limiting', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'regression', 'trees', 'or', 'relying', 'on', 'the', 'strategy', 'of', 'providing', 'geographical', 'information', 'only', 'on', 'an', 'aggregated', 'level', 'we', 'also', 'propose', 'strategies', 'for', 'making', 'the', 'synthesizers', 'scalable', 'for', 'large', 'files', 'present', 'analytical', 'validity', 'measures', 'and', 'disclosure', 'risk', 'measures', 'for', 'the', 'generated', 'data', 'and', 'provide', 'general', 'recommendations', 'for', 'statistical', 'agencies', 'considering', 'the', 'synthetic', 'data', 'approach', 'for', 'disseminating', 'detailed', 'geographical', 'information']]
|
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|
1,803.05875
|
Maxiset point of view for signal detection in inverse problems
|
This paper extends the successful maxiset paradigm from function estimation
to signal detection in inverse problems. In this context, the maxisets do not
have the same shape compared to the classical estimation framework.
Nevertheless, we introduce a robustified version of these maxisets, allowing to
exhibit tail conditions on the signals of interest. Under this novel paradigm
we are able to compare direct and indirect testing procedures.
|
math.ST stat.TH
|
this paper extends the successful maxiset paradigm from function estimation to signal detection in inverse problems in this context the maxisets do not have the same shape compared to the classical estimation framework nevertheless we introduce a robustified version of these maxisets allowing to exhibit tail conditions on the signals of interest under this novel paradigm we are able to compare direct and indirect testing procedures
|
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|
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|
1,803.05876
|
Predictions of Angular Observables for $\bar{B}_s\to K^{\ast}\ell\ell$
and $\bar{B}\to \rho\ell\ell$ in Standard Model
|
Exclusive semileptonic decays based on $b\to s$ transitions have been
attracting a lot of attention as some angular observables deviate significantly
from the Standard Model (SM) predictions in specific $q^2$ bins. B meson decays
induced by other Flavor Changing Neutral Current (FCNC), $b\to d$, can also
offer a probe to new physics with an additional sensitivity to the weak phase
in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Masakawa (CKM) matrix. We provide predictions for angular
observables for $b\to d$ semileptonic transitions, namely $\bar{B}_s\to
K^{\ast}\ell^+\ell^-$, $\bar{B}^0\to\rho^0 \ell^+\ell^-$, and their
CP-conjugated modes. For $\bar{B}^0\to\rho^0 \ell^+\ell^-$ mode,
$B^0-\bar{B}^0$ mixing effects have been included and predictions are made for
Belle and LHCb separately. Study of these decay modes will be useful in its own
right and to understand the pattern of deviations in $b\to s$ transitions.
|
hep-ph hep-ex
|
exclusive semileptonic decays based on bto s transitions have been attracting a lot of attention as some angular observables deviate significantly from the standard model sm predictions in specific q2 bins b meson decays induced by other flavor changing neutral current fcnc bto d can also offer a probe to new physics with an additional sensitivity to the weak phase in cabibbokobayashimasakawa ckm matrix we provide predictions for angular observables for bto d semileptonic transitions namely barb_sto kastellell barb0torho0 ellell and their cpconjugated modes for barb0torho0 ellell mode b0barb0 mixing effects have been included and predictions are made for belle and lhcb separately study of these decay modes will be useful in its own right and to understand the pattern of deviations in bto s transitions
|
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|
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|
1,803.05877
|
Orientational alignment in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
|
We consider the orientational alignment of dipoles due to strong matter light
coupling, for a non-vanishing density of excitations. We compare various
approaches to this problem in the limit of large numbers of emitters, and show
that direct Monte Carlo integration, mean-field theory, and large deviation
methods match exactly in this limit. All three results show that orientational
alignment develops in the presence of a macroscopically occupied polariton
mode, and that the dipoles asymptotically approach perfect alignment in the
limit of high density or low temperature.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.soft
|
we consider the orientational alignment of dipoles due to strong matter light coupling for a nonvanishing density of excitations we compare various approaches to this problem in the limit of large numbers of emitters and show that direct monte carlo integration meanfield theory and large deviation methods match exactly in this limit all three results show that orientational alignment develops in the presence of a macroscopically occupied polariton mode and that the dipoles asymptotically approach perfect alignment in the limit of high density or low temperature
|
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|
[-0.17677448705098656, 0.18047158250606857, -0.06464125496486939, 0.08181389614257442, 0.02412300647052308, -0.07732869911029241, 0.04726761842530957, 0.35946417736366043, -0.2285216260961322, -0.31690468061931953, 0.014618133654991207, -0.2907201747225901, -0.11797873673115879, 0.10029723327119597, 0.0354418151329683, 0.009509358035270558, 0.03585543868478474, -0.030433312756940722, -0.07095159498465703, -0.19159156152826928, 0.25862496442074867, 0.007435749891365684, 0.3710520264346066, 0.07401268362327544, 0.13595658905674204, 0.024697421687157002, 0.056626491909196906, 0.07182472451795759, -0.14637055844303726, 0.08534456441195162, 0.23751715612381177, -0.005548311245822629, 0.23333410017712172, -0.43643432955235933, -0.18261813904093796, 0.10209276114568808, 0.18022846786012917, 0.1953475953534592, -0.047199577235259374, -0.23648221228748215, 0.05543680490958396, -0.16783303710047243, -0.16919647151777564, -0.08648518576871517, -0.02883262388668088, 0.049609237274718145, -0.25659405416267556, 0.11936111532714824, 0.04110920318770547, 0.04058674401278759, -0.048474000896825346, -0.09313710028783494, -0.02283100336167398, 0.07233346680579923, 0.09010577618501821, 0.0015203477165033651, 0.08952930062294526, -0.18957546118885105, -0.120790037938372, 0.36190951534351984, -0.12526043510974147, -0.19592267602985336, 0.1960486092842942, -0.18841704721887445, -0.13860603504229424, 0.18625471646204417, 0.15185254243497606, 0.1497554908463255, -0.08343234780612727, 0.09002873506281947, -0.008679888812218641, 0.17635151850016312, 0.05329827227911284, 0.05829395093348657, 0.25611256656431874, 0.15061226459003466, 0.067810685871992, 0.13965741626994121, -0.11742895544874807, -0.14444170726549832, -0.28714227037461, -0.13120162796748933, -0.2366888895113059, 0.023653650152778555, -0.11858078046092022, -0.20470709799853867, 0.31647886114389917, 0.1992351338159033, 0.1770173341339064, 0.08833349356427789, 0.326426956114944, 0.10029427675790219, 0.023616063316504277, 0.03098865005534229, 0.3004694649798059, 0.16493500673298744, 0.02907933928289039, -0.26464775956214165, -0.014556061722836348, 0.012258109382115478]
|
1,803.05878
|
The Laplace transform of the lognormal distribution
|
We study the analytical properties of the Laplace transform of the lognormal
distribution. Two integral expressions for the analytic continuation of the
Laplace transform of the lognormal distribution are provided, one of which
takes the form of a Mellin-Barnes integral. As a corollary, we obtain an
integral expression for the characteristic function; we show that the integral
expression derived by Leipnik in [11] is incorrect. We present two
approximations for the Laplace transform of the lognormal distribution, both
valid in $\mathbb{C} \setminus(-\infty,0]$. In the last section, we discuss how
one may use our results to compute the density of a sum of independent
lognormal random variables.
|
math.PR
|
we study the analytical properties of the laplace transform of the lognormal distribution two integral expressions for the analytic continuation of the laplace transform of the lognormal distribution are provided one of which takes the form of a mellinbarnes integral as a corollary we obtain an integral expression for the characteristic function we show that the integral expression derived by leipnik in 11 is incorrect we present two approximations for the laplace transform of the lognormal distribution both valid in mathbbc setminusinfty0 in the last section we discuss how one may use our results to compute the density of a sum of independent lognormal random variables
|
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|
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|
1,803.05879
|
Capillary stress and structural relaxation in moist granular materials
|
We propose a theoretical framework to calculate capillary stresses in complex
mesoporous materials, such as moist sand, nanoporous hydrates, and drying
colloidal films. Molecular simulations are mapped onto a phase-field model of
the liquid-vapor mixture, whose inhomogeneous stress tensor is integrated over
Voronoi polyhedra in order to calculate equal and opposite forces between each
pair of neighboring grains. The method is illustrated by simulations of
moisture-induced forces in small clusters and random packings of spherical
grains using lattice-gas Density Functional Theory. For a nano-granular model
of cement hydrates, this approach reproduces the hysteretic water
sorption/desorption isotherms and predicts drying shrinkage strain isotherm in
good agreement with experiments. We show that capillary stress is an effective
mechanism for internal stress relaxation in colloidal random packings, which
contributes to the extraordinary durability of cement paste.
|
cond-mat.soft physics.flu-dyn
|
we propose a theoretical framework to calculate capillary stresses in complex mesoporous materials such as moist sand nanoporous hydrates and drying colloidal films molecular simulations are mapped onto a phasefield model of the liquidvapor mixture whose inhomogeneous stress tensor is integrated over voronoi polyhedra in order to calculate equal and opposite forces between each pair of neighboring grains the method is illustrated by simulations of moistureinduced forces in small clusters and random packings of spherical grains using latticegas density functional theory for a nanogranular model of cement hydrates this approach reproduces the hysteretic water sorptiondesorption isotherms and predicts drying shrinkage strain isotherm in good agreement with experiments we show that capillary stress is an effective mechanism for internal stress relaxation in colloidal random packings which contributes to the extraordinary durability of cement paste
|
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|
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|
1,803.0588
|
GossipGraD: Scalable Deep Learning using Gossip Communication based
Asynchronous Gradient Descent
|
In this paper, we present GossipGraD - a gossip communication protocol based
Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithm for scaling Deep Learning (DL)
algorithms on large-scale systems. The salient features of GossipGraD are: 1)
reduction in overall communication complexity from {\Theta}(log(p)) for p
compute nodes in well-studied SGD to O(1), 2) model diffusion such that compute
nodes exchange their updates (gradients) indirectly after every log(p) steps,
3) rotation of communication partners for facilitating direct diffusion of
gradients, 4) asynchronous distributed shuffle of samples during the
feedforward phase in SGD to prevent over-fitting, 5) asynchronous communication
of gradients for further reducing the communication cost of SGD and GossipGraD.
We implement GossipGraD for GPU and CPU clusters and use NVIDIA GPUs (Pascal
P100) connected with InfiniBand, and Intel Knights Landing (KNL) connected with
Aries network. We evaluate GossipGraD using well-studied dataset ImageNet-1K
(~250GB), and widely studied neural network topologies such as GoogLeNet and
ResNet50 (current winner of ImageNet Large Scale Visualization Research
Challenge (ILSVRC)). Our performance evaluation using both KNL and Pascal GPUs
indicates that GossipGraD can achieve perfect efficiency for these datasets and
their associated neural network topologies. Specifically, for ResNet50,
GossipGraD is able to achieve ~100% compute efficiency using 128 NVIDIA Pascal
P100 GPUs - while matching the top-1 classification accuracy published in
literature.
|
cs.DC cs.LG
|
in this paper we present gossipgrad a gossip communication protocol based stochastic gradient descent sgd algorithm for scaling deep learning dl algorithms on largescale systems the salient features of gossipgrad are 1 reduction in overall communication complexity from thetalogp for p compute nodes in wellstudied sgd to o1 2 model diffusion such that compute nodes exchange their updates gradients indirectly after every logp steps 3 rotation of communication partners for facilitating direct diffusion of gradients 4 asynchronous distributed shuffle of samples during the feedforward phase in sgd to prevent overfitting 5 asynchronous communication of gradients for further reducing the communication cost of sgd and gossipgrad we implement gossipgrad for gpu and cpu clusters and use nvidia gpus pascal p100 connected with infiniband and intel knights landing knl connected with aries network we evaluate gossipgrad using wellstudied dataset imagenet1k 250gb and widely studied neural network topologies such as googlenet and resnet50 current winner of imagenet large scale visualization research challenge ilsvrc our performance evaluation using both knl and pascal gpus indicates that gossipgrad can achieve perfect efficiency for these datasets and their associated neural network topologies specifically for resnet50 gossipgrad is able to achieve 100 compute efficiency using 128 nvidia pascal p100 gpus while matching the top1 classification accuracy published in literature
|
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|
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|
1,803.05881
|
Soft-Photon Corrections to $\bar{B} \to D \tau^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\tau}$
Relative to $\bar{B} \to D \mu^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\mu}$
|
We evaluate long-distance electromagnetic (QED) contributions to $\bar{B}{}^0
\to D^+ \tau^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\tau}$ and $B^- \to D^0 \tau^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\tau}$
relative to $\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^+ \mu^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ and $B^- \to D^0
\mu^{-} \bar{\nu}_{\mu}$, respectively, in the standard model. We point out
that the QED corrections to the ratios $R(D^{+})$ and $R(D^{0})$ are not
negligible, contrary to the expectation that radiative corrections are almost
canceled out in the ratio of the two branching fractions. The reason is that
long-distance QED corrections depend on the masses and relative velocities of
the daughter particles. We find that theoretical predictions for
$R(D^{+})^{\tau/\mu}$ and $R(D^{0})^{\tau/\mu}$ can be amplified by $\sim4\%$
and $\sim3\%$, respectively, for the soft-photon energy cut in range $20$-$40$
MeV.
|
hep-ph hep-ex
|
we evaluate longdistance electromagnetic qed contributions to barb0 to d tau barnu_tau and b to d0 tau barnu_tau relative to barb0 to d mu barnu_mu and b to d0 mu barnu_mu respectively in the standard model we point out that the qed corrections to the ratios rd and rd0 are not negligible contrary to the expectation that radiative corrections are almost canceled out in the ratio of the two branching fractions the reason is that longdistance qed corrections depend on the masses and relative velocities of the daughter particles we find that theoretical predictions for rdtaumu and rd0taumu can be amplified by sim4 and sim3 respectively for the softphoton energy cut in range 2040 mev
|
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|
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|
1,803.05882
|
Index one minimal surfaces in spherical space forms
|
We prove that orientable index one minimal surfaces in spherical space forms
with large fundamental group have genus at most two. This confirms a conjecture
of R. Schoen for an infinite class of 3-manifolds.
|
math.DG
|
we prove that orientable index one minimal surfaces in spherical space forms with large fundamental group have genus at most two this confirms a conjecture of r schoen for an infinite class of 3manifolds
|
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|
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|
1,803.05883
|
Monodromy of elliptic curve convolution, seven-point sheaves of
$G_2$-type and motives of Beauville type
|
We study the Tannakian properties of the category of perverse sheaves on
elliptic curves endowed with the convolution product. We establish that for
certain sheaves with unipotent local monodromy over seven points the
corresponding Tannaka group is isomorphic to $G_2$. This monodromy approach
generalizes a result of Katz on the existence of $G_2$-motives in the middle
cohomology of deformations of Beauville surfaces.
|
math.AG
|
we study the tannakian properties of the category of perverse sheaves on elliptic curves endowed with the convolution product we establish that for certain sheaves with unipotent local monodromy over seven points the corresponding tannaka group is isomorphic to g_2 this monodromy approach generalizes a result of katz on the existence of g_2motives in the middle cohomology of deformations of beauville surfaces
|
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|
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|
1,803.05884
|
Lineshape-asymmetry elimination in weak atomic transitions driven by an
intense standing wave field
|
Owing to the ac-Stark effect, the lineshape of a weak optical transition in
an atomic beam can become significantly distorted, when driven by an intense
standing wave field. We use an Yb atomic beam to study the lineshape of the 6s2
1S0 -> 5d6s 3D1 transition, which is excited with light circulating in a
Fabry-Perot resonator. We demonstrate two methods to avoid the distortion of
the transition profile. Of these, one relies on the operation of the resonator
in multiple longitudinal modes, and the other in multiple transverse modes.
|
physics.atom-ph
|
owing to the acstark effect the lineshape of a weak optical transition in an atomic beam can become significantly distorted when driven by an intense standing wave field we use an yb atomic beam to study the lineshape of the 6s2 1s0 5d6s 3d1 transition which is excited with light circulating in a fabryperot resonator we demonstrate two methods to avoid the distortion of the transition profile of these one relies on the operation of the resonator in multiple longitudinal modes and the other in multiple transverse modes
|
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|
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|
1,803.05885
|
Identifiability of dynamical networks with partial node measurements
|
Much recent research has dealt with the identifiability of a dynamical
network in which the node signals are connected by causal linear transfer
functions and are excited by known external excitation signals and/or unknown
noise signals. A major research question concerns the identifiability of the
whole network - topology and all transfer functions - from the measured node
signals and external excitation signals. So far all results on this topic have
assumed that all node signals are measured. This paper presents the first
results for the situation where not all node signals are measurable, under the
assumptions that (1) the topology of the network is known, and (2) each node is
excited by a known external excitation. Using graph theoretical properties, we
show that the transfer functions that can be identified depend essentially on
the topology of the paths linking the corresponding vertices to the measured
nodes. A practical outcome is that, under those assumptions, a network can
often be identified using only a small subset of node measurements.
|
math.OC cs.SY
|
much recent research has dealt with the identifiability of a dynamical network in which the node signals are connected by causal linear transfer functions and are excited by known external excitation signals andor unknown noise signals a major research question concerns the identifiability of the whole network topology and all transfer functions from the measured node signals and external excitation signals so far all results on this topic have assumed that all node signals are measured this paper presents the first results for the situation where not all node signals are measurable under the assumptions that 1 the topology of the network is known and 2 each node is excited by a known external excitation using graph theoretical properties we show that the transfer functions that can be identified depend essentially on the topology of the paths linking the corresponding vertices to the measured nodes a practical outcome is that under those assumptions a network can often be identified using only a small subset of node measurements
|
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|
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|
1,803.05886
|
Universal quantum computing with parafermions assisted by a half fluxon
|
Braiding of anyons such as Majoranas or parafermions provides only Clifford
gates which do not form a universal set of quantum gates. We propose a robust
and resource-efficient scheme to perform a non-Clifford gate on a logical qudit
encoded in parafermionic zero modes via the Aharonov-Casher effect. This gate
can be implemented by moving a half flux quantum around the pair of
parafermionic zero modes. The parafermion modes can be realized in a
two-dimensional set-up using existing proposals and a half fluxon carrying half
flux quantum can be created as a part of a half fluxon/anti-half fluxon pair in
a spin-triplet Josephson junction with a dipole defect. With an appropriate
bias current pulse, the half fluxon can be braided around the parafermions.
Supplementing this gate with the braiding of parafermions provides the avenue
for universal quantum computing with parafermions without magic state
distillation.
|
quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hall
|
braiding of anyons such as majoranas or parafermions provides only clifford gates which do not form a universal set of quantum gates we propose a robust and resourceefficient scheme to perform a nonclifford gate on a logical qudit encoded in parafermionic zero modes via the aharonovcasher effect this gate can be implemented by moving a half flux quantum around the pair of parafermionic zero modes the parafermion modes can be realized in a twodimensional setup using existing proposals and a half fluxon carrying half flux quantum can be created as a part of a half fluxonantihalf fluxon pair in a spintriplet josephson junction with a dipole defect with an appropriate bias current pulse the half fluxon can be braided around the parafermions supplementing this gate with the braiding of parafermions provides the avenue for universal quantum computing with parafermions without magic state distillation
|
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|
[-0.2222267750939223, 0.2644718104497321, -0.03354259785002386, 0.025380797046367864, -0.058360476148459066, -0.2618817911371851, 0.11748879840888549, 0.352182536897525, -0.2050466782734795, -0.27214915256037886, 0.030630817294979965, -0.21782081821871083, -0.0788733929635065, 0.213473914728113, -0.03564532938688784, 0.08053713484050733, 0.0370528076129349, 0.04611167671080207, -0.11200076533078944, -0.25476483390240234, 0.26088437298312783, -0.005815945782134651, 0.294448939529182, -0.0011102518453721848, 0.07174512524892326, -0.02480074618516726, 0.09940985784005918, -0.01962108613634613, -0.06464913232468436, 0.0713694293599602, 0.24947048236228997, -0.0077088624665277525, 0.19573971701615397, -0.491617907468282, -0.15614509171950566, 0.08721890094408005, 0.20157898851001346, 0.2179081639312667, -0.027152825587160204, -0.3625411450285727, 0.038522718448034475, -0.2502322100319336, -0.09799250825570607, -0.11160993012665234, -0.026124194730073214, -0.08254212807391731, -0.23588178029388818, 0.046442722816440005, 0.06977397912595107, 0.07203750263794627, 0.056985637510825, -0.04312483564922652, -0.04110020562239044, 0.07420062536413086, -0.1251705647970904, 0.053445050525675775, 0.1838436869766668, -0.12883510315974414, -0.24145140880915586, 0.2994348993524909, -0.054381381602249514, -0.23811572650447488, 0.07784933246619685, -0.09175619424950383, -0.055435621769915164, 0.06109090047088307, 0.03665018158892668, 0.06824681497323261, -0.10091525113577364, 0.07899010286282775, -0.04185503709103755, 0.16368627243898284, 0.04368084955724402, 0.11983819507246077, 0.33990396552023966, 0.12148568514426251, 0.09053491629351874, 0.2041148408414455, -0.0946348622686676, -0.09471178496859863, -0.3711826289072633, -0.2221295044718074, -0.2337682293695201, 0.12505837929163302, 0.0037632162166631477, -0.21304453378805602, 0.46924566774403914, 0.09402359036308988, 0.17445842649223625, -0.028197749985978793, 0.27308754538986046, 0.166727800362577, 0.1651721977313954, 0.05357044898826157, 0.1595744125120355, 0.15616832434324365, 0.01727816526463229, -0.25006992615510143, -0.025424328813014527, 0.07538551917876786]
|
1,803.05887
|
Coulomb-gas electrostatics controls large fluctuations of the KPZ
equation
|
We establish a large deviation principle for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ)
equation, providing precise control over the left tail of the height
distribution for narrow wedge initial condition. Our analysis exploits an exact
connection between the KPZ one-point distribution and the Airy point process --
an infinite particle Coulomb-gas which arises at the spectral edge in random
matrix theory. We develop the large deviation principle for the Airy point
process and use it to compute, in a straight-forward and assumption-free
manner, the KPZ large deviation rate function in terms of an electrostatic
problem (whose solution we evaluate). This method also applies to the
half-space KPZ equation, showing that its rate function is half of the
full-space rate function. In addition to these long-time estimates, we provide
rigorous proof of finite-time tail bounds on the KPZ distribution which
demonstrate a crossover between exponential decay with exponent $3$ (in the
shallow left tail) to exponent $5/2$ (in the deep left tail). The full-space
KPZ rate function agrees with the one computed in Sasorov et al. [J. Stat.
Mech, 063203 (2017)] via a WKB approximation analysis of a non-local,
non-linear integro-differential equation generalizing Painlev\'e II which Amir
et al. [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 64, 466 (2011)] related to the KPZ one-point
distribution.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP math.PR
|
we establish a large deviation principle for the kardarparisizhang kpz equation providing precise control over the left tail of the height distribution for narrow wedge initial condition our analysis exploits an exact connection between the kpz onepoint distribution and the airy point process an infinite particle coulombgas which arises at the spectral edge in random matrix theory we develop the large deviation principle for the airy point process and use it to compute in a straightforward and assumptionfree manner the kpz large deviation rate function in terms of an electrostatic problem whose solution we evaluate this method also applies to the halfspace kpz equation showing that its rate function is half of the fullspace rate function in addition to these longtime estimates we provide rigorous proof of finitetime tail bounds on the kpz distribution which demonstrate a crossover between exponential decay with exponent 3 in the shallow left tail to exponent 52 in the deep left tail the fullspace kpz rate function agrees with the one computed in sasorov et al j stat mech 063203 2017 via a wkb approximation analysis of a nonlocal nonlinear integrodifferential equation generalizing painleve ii which amir et al comm pure appl math 64 466 2011 related to the kpz onepoint distribution
|
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|
[-0.055715276560326814, 0.03462202086426189, -0.11735959790728408, 0.06813690291886973, -0.061685800722470166, -0.14866891156122522, 0.03532088280754905, 0.2998332650156565, -0.27141657250128615, -0.2504135903278456, 0.05774999488014004, -0.2833072989749568, -0.13329675222873616, 0.166919828901741, -0.05210667043060824, 0.11381068894638481, 0.0006790292286540119, -0.06861223642207406, -0.07366828231120627, -0.22192263416945934, 0.2652029116345271, 0.0659694676817275, 0.3047721256979219, 0.05540555157445516, 0.11504851954478264, 0.023229270470464258, -0.03831300526494002, -0.07534683454484799, -0.23129907529366692, 0.08354781891293632, 0.2015305621789947, 0.03381086335753687, 0.26613712877270235, -0.342085700762431, -0.1821815448867392, 0.09554415134242872, 0.15075661592151307, 0.10143591695350992, 0.005689390685784549, -0.3111191437199929, 0.06903297468275058, -0.17391718166102701, -0.22364807939970666, 0.015629575247605085, 0.09744399992152325, 0.03672947535897126, -0.31239261389800427, 0.2064536604135991, 0.09394676746909046, 0.03053592911071497, -0.019940180919309446, -0.10278940336435165, -0.007068081622156631, 0.05912442247889647, 0.03498320096456084, 0.04936282217357923, 0.07677366361880983, -0.1256645388371837, -0.08518718605752564, 0.2758519681468968, -0.10237346178268815, -0.19269002424027473, 0.15889343325595723, -0.1632140726370972, -0.08684829380351923, 0.14695478470326917, 0.13355454997141455, 0.11714487733179252, -0.16194533980767994, 0.1583895912358325, -0.07563577459682032, 0.14979646759343931, 0.1065998113605655, -0.03494102604041843, 0.11586193926180306, 0.09788568774283439, 0.06968698399005802, 0.13510500479860285, -0.0718237070572445, -0.16462781852466118, -0.35952248163882966, -0.17752129880060696, -0.22454478483516, 0.11965101176660363, -0.13228283887052314, -0.2155307130927663, 0.34995807061261197, 0.1311409054154494, 0.19998568215619916, 0.14765800725503653, 0.1376729362635213, 0.21621138307331492, -0.03641891415633297, 0.1314590939958012, 0.19009656004395192, 0.17091384631676546, 0.15406116547494747, -0.2120527813315066, 0.052919303822597866, 0.15601437021096606]
|
1,803.05888
|
A solvable problem in statistical mechanics: the dipole-type Hamiltonian
mean field model
|
The present study regards the zeroth order mean field approximation of a
dipole-type interaction model, which is analytically solved in the canonical
and microcanonical ensembles. After writing the canonical partition function,
the free and internal energies, magnetization and the specific heat are derived
and graphically represented. A crucial derivation is the calculation of the
free energy, which is variationally evaluated, and it is shown that the exact
result coincides with the approximate trend when $N$ tends to infinity. In the
microcanonical ensemble, the entropy as other thermodynamic properties are
calculated. We notice that both schemes coincide in equilibrium.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
the present study regards the zeroth order mean field approximation of a dipoletype interaction model which is analytically solved in the canonical and microcanonical ensembles after writing the canonical partition function the free and internal energies magnetization and the specific heat are derived and graphically represented a crucial derivation is the calculation of the free energy which is variationally evaluated and it is shown that the exact result coincides with the approximate trend when n tends to infinity in the microcanonical ensemble the entropy as other thermodynamic properties are calculated we notice that both schemes coincide in equilibrium
|
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|
[-0.10831416664260192, 0.14452686591539532, -0.09124812439597231, 0.12383020550430733, 0.015135841282578756, -0.11639647438590016, 0.014570715149379887, 0.35317190344996596, -0.25182637465614066, -0.2697868221439421, 0.031236420964052408, -0.2882011961417596, -0.11508898384992641, 0.13962852498468925, 0.03770187389276618, 0.0505000950378955, 0.04390784265825107, 0.12774119921484772, -0.10929199022761242, -0.20363552400447923, 0.2888177496153025, 0.08955405704791145, 0.308082325716636, 0.05774759528184386, 0.09710881821823078, -0.005592732327961724, 0.0014197577161676421, 0.07171745584180046, -0.15711414362663256, 0.053492538393380085, 0.226917833499064, 0.07867679650579314, 0.21847670011659515, -0.3831873320955403, -0.19187080009593344, 0.10245768141419608, 0.13143477799865055, 0.10471686338815762, 0.021742010413079847, -0.19688585720842286, 0.058150926590315066, -0.17087862515175828, -0.17943074022970942, -0.12001256343946622, -0.008257052407371906, 0.04926831144079262, -0.23832693693824397, 0.09120497649906165, 0.06558396828798008, 0.0293541363896612, -0.11219456471141656, -0.13610541682015648, -0.06251703271148157, 0.1193929671167933, 0.06265195395941674, 0.04289576895202377, 0.12796412669217253, -0.11065106894060665, -0.050579765673764814, 0.3839275496251577, -0.06519487678021078, -0.22641068101594491, 0.13695405636277355, -0.11890923199528942, -0.09301984486436206, 0.10244404269876528, 0.04309638574652906, 0.1554780064901451, -0.17261498123933014, 0.14027706452120303, -0.021017285897776638, 0.1209653330353868, 0.06398505359241853, -0.008313519195938597, 0.1697367944526581, 0.07437064592983117, 0.029700435816823523, 0.19714951747612627, -0.03480138540343971, -0.22710120520668522, -0.3367245882293399, -0.1602606998069915, -0.24275107287602232, 0.07172740792988666, -0.10605735625826387, -0.17664733537732938, 0.35217923403014334, 0.12600878591673587, 0.18550110088034097, 0.07856738904956728, 0.2865942312518553, 0.22096667152577631, 0.014657312657265944, 0.08670977875352742, 0.23120882199145854, 0.17356557332749042, 0.07387168930691419, -0.27856216489394403, 0.039801606485544115, 0.11171665217261761]
|
1,803.05889
|
Using Automatic Refactoring to Improve Energy Efficiency of Android Apps
|
The ever-growing popularity of mobile phones has brought additional
challenges to the software development lifecycle. Mobile applications (apps,
for short) ought to provide the same set of features as conventional software,
with limited resources: such as, limited processing capabilities, storage,
screen and, not less important, power source. Although energy efficiency is a
valuable requirement, developers often lack knowledge of best practices. In
this paper, we study whether or not automatic refactoring can aid developers
ship energy efficient apps. We leverage a tool, Leafactor, with five energy
code smells that tend to go unnoticed. We use Leafactor to analyze code smells
in 140 free and open source apps. As a result, we detected and fixed code
smells in 45 apps, from which 40% have successfully merged our changes into the
official repository.
|
cs.SE
|
the evergrowing popularity of mobile phones has brought additional challenges to the software development lifecycle mobile applications apps for short ought to provide the same set of features as conventional software with limited resources such as limited processing capabilities storage screen and not less important power source although energy efficiency is a valuable requirement developers often lack knowledge of best practices in this paper we study whether or not automatic refactoring can aid developers ship energy efficient apps we leverage a tool leafactor with five energy code smells that tend to go unnoticed we use leafactor to analyze code smells in 140 free and open source apps as a result we detected and fixed code smells in 45 apps from which 40 have successfully merged our changes into the official repository
|
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|
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|
1,803.0589
|
Blow-up results for space-time fractional stochastic partial
differential equations
|
Consider non-linear time-fractional stochastic reaction-diffusion equations
of the following type, $$\partial^\beta_tu_t(x)=-\nu(-\Delta)^{\alpha/2}
u_t(x)+I^{1-\beta}_t[b(u)+ \sigma(u)\stackrel{\cdot}{F}(t,x)]$$ in $(d+1)$
dimensions, where $\nu>0, \beta\in (0,1)$, $\alpha\in (0,2]$. The operator
$\partial^\beta_t$ is the Caputo fractional derivative while
$-(-\Delta)^{\alpha/2} $ is the generator of an isotropic $\alpha$-stable
L\'evy process and $I^{1-\beta}_t$ is the Riesz fractional integral operator.
The forcing noise denoted by $\stackrel{\cdot}{F}(t,x)$ is a Gaussian noise.
These equations might be used as a model for materials with random thermal
memory. We derive non-existence (blow-up) of global random field solutions
under some additional conditions, most notably on $b$, $\sigma$ and the initial
condition. Our results complement those of P. Chow in \cite{chow2},
\cite{chow1}, and Foondun et al. in \cite{Foondun-liu-nane},
\cite{foondun-parshad} among others.
|
math.PR math-ph math.AP math.MP
|
consider nonlinear timefractional stochastic reactiondiffusion equations of the following type partialbeta_tu_txnudeltaalpha2 u_txi1beta_tbu sigmaustackrelcdotftx in d1 dimensions where nu0 betain 01 alphain 02 the operator partialbeta_t is the caputo fractional derivative while deltaalpha2 is the generator of an isotropic alphastable levy process and i1beta_t is the riesz fractional integral operator the forcing noise denoted by stackrelcdotftx is a gaussian noise these equations might be used as a model for materials with random thermal memory we derive nonexistence blowup of global random field solutions under some additional conditions most notably on b sigma and the initial condition our results complement those of p chow in citechow2 citechow1 and foondun et al in citefoondunliunane citefoondunparshad among others
|
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|
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|
1,803.05891
|
Restoring Heisenberg scaling in noisy quantum metrology by monitoring
the environment
|
We study quantum frequency estimation for $N$ qubits subjected to independent
Markovian noise, via strategies based on time-continuous monitoring of the
environment. Both physical intuition and an extended convexity property of the
quantum Fisher information (QFI) suggest that these strategies are more
effective than the standard ones based on the measurement of the unconditional
state after the noisy evolution. Here we focus on initial GHZ states and on
parallel or transverse noise. For parallel noise, i.e. dephasing, we show that
perfectly efficient time-continuous photo-detection allows to recover the
unitary (noiseless) QFI, and thus to obtain a Heisenberg scaling for every
value of the monitoring time. For finite detection efficiency, one falls back
to the noisy standard quantum limit scaling, but with a constant enhancement
due to an effective reduced dephasing. Also in the transverse noise case we
obtain that the Heisenberg scaling is recovered for perfectly efficient
detectors, and we find that both homodyne and photo-detection based strategies
are optimal. For finite detectors efficiency, our numerical simulations show
that, as expected, an enhancement can be observed, but we cannot give any
conclusive statement regarding the scaling. We finally describe in detail the
stable and compact numerical algorithm that we have developed in order to
evaluate the precision of such time-continuous estimation strategies, and that
may find application in other quantum metrology schemes.
|
quant-ph
|
we study quantum frequency estimation for n qubits subjected to independent markovian noise via strategies based on timecontinuous monitoring of the environment both physical intuition and an extended convexity property of the quantum fisher information qfi suggest that these strategies are more effective than the standard ones based on the measurement of the unconditional state after the noisy evolution here we focus on initial ghz states and on parallel or transverse noise for parallel noise ie dephasing we show that perfectly efficient timecontinuous photodetection allows to recover the unitary noiseless qfi and thus to obtain a heisenberg scaling for every value of the monitoring time for finite detection efficiency one falls back to the noisy standard quantum limit scaling but with a constant enhancement due to an effective reduced dephasing also in the transverse noise case we obtain that the heisenberg scaling is recovered for perfectly efficient detectors and we find that both homodyne and photodetection based strategies are optimal for finite detectors efficiency our numerical simulations show that as expected an enhancement can be observed but we cannot give any conclusive statement regarding the scaling we finally describe in detail the stable and compact numerical algorithm that we have developed in order to evaluate the precision of such timecontinuous estimation strategies and that may find application in other quantum metrology schemes
|
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|
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|
1,803.05892
|
Afterglow Imaging and Polarization of Misaligned Structured GRB Jets and
Cocoons: Breaking the Degeneracy in GRB 170817A
|
The X-ray to radio afterglow emission of GRB 170817A/GW 170817 so far scales
as $F_\nu\propto\nu^{-0.6}t^{0.8}$ with observed frequency and time, consistent
with a single power-law segment of the synchrotron spectrum from the external
shock going into the ambient medium. This requires the effective isotropic
equivalent afterglow shock energy in the visible region to increase as $\sim
t^{1.7}$. The two main channels for such an energy increase are (i)
\emph{radial}: more energy carried by slower material (in the visible region)
gradually catches up with the afterglow shock and energizes it, and (ii)
\emph{angular}: more energy in relativistic outflow moving at different angles
to our line of sight, whose radiation is initially beamed away from us but its
beaming cone gradually reaches our line of sight as it decelerates. One cannot
distinguish between these explanations (or combinations of them) using only the
X-ray to radio $F_\nu(t)$. Here we demonstrate that the most promising way to
break this degeneracy is through afterglow imaging and polarization, by
calculating the predicted evolution of the afterglow image (its size, shape and
flux centroid) and linear polarization $\Pi(t)$ for different angular and/or
radial outflow structures that fit $F_\nu(t)$. We consider two angular profiles
-- a Gaussian and a narrow core with power-law wings in energy per solid angle,
as well as a (cocoon motivated) (quasi-) spherical flow with radial velocity
profile. For a jet viewed off-axis (and a magnetic field produced in the
afterglow shock) $\Pi(t)$ peaks when the jet's core becomes visible, at
$\approx2t_p$ where the lightcurve peaks at $t_p$, and the image can be
elongated with aspect ratios$\;\gtrsim2$. A quasi-spherical flow has an almost
circular image and a much lower $\Pi(t)$ (peaking at $\approx t_p$) and flux
centroid displacement.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
the xray to radio afterglow emission of grb 170817agw 170817 so far scales as f_nuproptonu06t08 with observed frequency and time consistent with a single powerlaw segment of the synchrotron spectrum from the external shock going into the ambient medium this requires the effective isotropic equivalent afterglow shock energy in the visible region to increase as sim t17 the two main channels for such an energy increase are i emphradial more energy carried by slower material in the visible region gradually catches up with the afterglow shock and energizes it and ii emphangular more energy in relativistic outflow moving at different angles to our line of sight whose radiation is initially beamed away from us but its beaming cone gradually reaches our line of sight as it decelerates one cannot distinguish between these explanations or combinations of them using only the xray to radio f_nut here we demonstrate that the most promising way to break this degeneracy is through afterglow imaging and polarization by calculating the predicted evolution of the afterglow image its size shape and flux centroid and linear polarization pit for different angular andor radial outflow structures that fit f_nut we consider two angular profiles a gaussian and a narrow core with powerlaw wings in energy per solid angle as well as a cocoon motivated quasi spherical flow with radial velocity profile for a jet viewed offaxis and a magnetic field produced in the afterglow shock pit peaks when the jets core becomes visible at approx2t_p where the lightcurve peaks at t_p and the image can be elongated with aspect ratiosgtrsim2 a quasispherical flow has an almost circular image and a much lower pit peaking at approx t_p and flux centroid displacement
|
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|
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|
1,803.05893
|
Altitude Terrain Guarding and Guarding Uni-Monotone Polygons
|
We present an optimal, linear-time algorithm for the following version of
terrain guarding: given a 1.5D terrain and a horizontal line, place the minimum
number of guards on the line to see all of the terrain. We prove that the
cardinality of the minimum guard set coincides with the cardinality of a
maximum number of ``witnesses'', i.e., terrain points, no two of which can be
seen by a single guard. We show that our results also apply to the Art Gallery
problem in ``monotone mountains'', i.e., $x$-monotone polygons with a single
edge as one of the boundary chains. This means that any monotone mountain is
``perfect'' (its guarding number is the same as its witness number); we thus
establish the first non-trivial class of perfect polygons.
|
cs.CG
|
we present an optimal lineartime algorithm for the following version of terrain guarding given a 15d terrain and a horizontal line place the minimum number of guards on the line to see all of the terrain we prove that the cardinality of the minimum guard set coincides with the cardinality of a maximum number of witnesses ie terrain points no two of which can be seen by a single guard we show that our results also apply to the art gallery problem in monotone mountains ie xmonotone polygons with a single edge as one of the boundary chains this means that any monotone mountain is perfect its guarding number is the same as its witness number we thus establish the first nontrivial class of perfect polygons
|
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|
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|
1,803.05894
|
The diagrammatic coaction and the algebraic structure of cut Feynman
integrals
|
We present a new formula for the coaction of a large class of integrals. When
applied to one-loop (cut) Feynman integrals, it can be given a diagrammatic
representation purely in terms of pinches and cuts of the edges of the graph.
The coaction encodes the algebraic structure of these integrals, and offers
ways to extract important properties of complicated integrals from simpler
functions. In particular, it gives direct access to discontinuities of Feynman
integrals and facilitates a straightforward derivation of the differential
equations they satisfy, which we illustrate in the case of the pentagon.
|
hep-th hep-ph
|
we present a new formula for the coaction of a large class of integrals when applied to oneloop cut feynman integrals it can be given a diagrammatic representation purely in terms of pinches and cuts of the edges of the graph the coaction encodes the algebraic structure of these integrals and offers ways to extract important properties of complicated integrals from simpler functions in particular it gives direct access to discontinuities of feynman integrals and facilitates a straightforward derivation of the differential equations they satisfy which we illustrate in the case of the pentagon
|
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|
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|
1,803.05895
|
Weak Modular Zilber-Pink with Derivatives
|
In unpublished notes Pila proposed a Modular Zilber-Pink with Derivatives
(MZPD) conjecture, which is a Zilber-Pink type statement for the modular
$j$-function and its derivatives. In this article we define D-special
varieties, then state and prove two functional (differential) analogues of the
MZPD conjecture for those varieties. In particular, we prove a weak version of
MZPD. As a special case of our results, we obtain a functional Modular
Andr\'e-Oort with Derivatives statement. The main tools used in the paper come
from (model theoretic) differential algebra and complex analytic geometry, and
the Ax-Schanuel theorem for the $j$-function and its derivatives (established
by Pila and Tsimerman) plays a crucial role in our proofs. In the proof of the
second Zilber-Pink type theorem we also use an Existential Closedness statement
for the differential equation of the $j$-function.
|
math.NT math.AG math.LO
|
in unpublished notes pila proposed a modular zilberpink with derivatives mzpd conjecture which is a zilberpink type statement for the modular jfunction and its derivatives in this article we define dspecial varieties then state and prove two functional differential analogues of the mzpd conjecture for those varieties in particular we prove a weak version of mzpd as a special case of our results we obtain a functional modular andreoort with derivatives statement the main tools used in the paper come from model theoretic differential algebra and complex analytic geometry and the axschanuel theorem for the jfunction and its derivatives established by pila and tsimerman plays a crucial role in our proofs in the proof of the second zilberpink type theorem we also use an existential closedness statement for the differential equation of the jfunction
|
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|
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|
1,803.05896
|
Length in the Cremona group
|
The Cremona group is the group of birational transformations of the plane. A
birational transformation for which there exists a pencil of lines which is
sent onto another pencil of lines is called a Jonqui\`eres transformation. By
the famous Noether-Castelnuovo theorem, every birational transformation $f$ is
a product of Jonqui\`eres transformations. The minimal number of factors in
such a product will be called the length, and written $\mathrm{lgth}(f)$. Even
if this length is rather unpredictable, we provide an explicit algorithm to
compute it, which only depends on the multiplicities of the linear system of
$f$.
As an application of this computation, we give a few properties of the
dynamical length of $f$ defined as the limit of the sequence $n \mapsto
\mathrm{lgth} (f^n) / n$. It follows for example that an element of the Cremona
group is distorted if and only if it is algebraic. The computation of the
length may also be applied to the so called Wright complex associated with the
Cremona group: This has been done recently by Lonjou. Moreover, we show that
the restriction of the length to the automorphism group of the affine plane is
the classical length of this latter group (the length coming from its
amalgamated structure). In another direction, we compute the lengths and
dynamical lengths of all monomial transformations, and of some Halphen
transformations. Finally, we show that the length is a lower semicontinuous map
on the Cremona group endowed with its Zariski topology.
|
math.AG
|
the cremona group is the group of birational transformations of the plane a birational transformation for which there exists a pencil of lines which is sent onto another pencil of lines is called a jonquieres transformation by the famous noethercastelnuovo theorem every birational transformation f is a product of jonquieres transformations the minimal number of factors in such a product will be called the length and written mathrmlgthf even if this length is rather unpredictable we provide an explicit algorithm to compute it which only depends on the multiplicities of the linear system of f as an application of this computation we give a few properties of the dynamical length of f defined as the limit of the sequence n mapsto mathrmlgth fn n it follows for example that an element of the cremona group is distorted if and only if it is algebraic the computation of the length may also be applied to the so called wright complex associated with the cremona group this has been done recently by lonjou moreover we show that the restriction of the length to the automorphism group of the affine plane is the classical length of this latter group the length coming from its amalgamated structure in another direction we compute the lengths and dynamical lengths of all monomial transformations and of some halphen transformations finally we show that the length is a lower semicontinuous map on the cremona group endowed with its zariski topology
|
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|
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|
1,803.05897
|
Contrasting information theoretic decompositions of modulatory and
arithmetic interactions in neural information processing systems
|
Biological and artificial neural systems are composed of many local
processors, and their capabilities depend upon the transfer function that
relates each local processor's outputs to its inputs. This paper uses a recent
advance in the foundations of information theory to study the properties of
local processors that use contextual input to amplify or attenuate transmission
of information about their driving inputs. This advance enables the information
transmitted by processors with two distinct inputs to be decomposed into those
components unique to each input, that shared between the two inputs, and that
which depends on both though it is in neither, i.e. synergy. The decompositions
that we report here show that contextual modulation has information processing
properties that contrast with those of all four simple arithmetic operators,
that it can take various forms, and that the form used in our previous studies
of artificial neural nets composed of local processors with both driving and
contextual inputs is particularly well-suited to provide the distinctive
capabilities of contextual modulation under a wide range of conditions. We
argue that the decompositions reported here could be compared with those
obtained from empirical neurobiological and psychophysical data under
conditions thought to reflect contextual modulation. That would then shed new
light on the underlying processes involved. Finally, we suggest that such
decompositions could aid the design of context-sensitive machine learning
algorithms.
|
cs.IT math.IT q-bio.NC q-bio.QM stat.ML
|
biological and artificial neural systems are composed of many local processors and their capabilities depend upon the transfer function that relates each local processors outputs to its inputs this paper uses a recent advance in the foundations of information theory to study the properties of local processors that use contextual input to amplify or attenuate transmission of information about their driving inputs this advance enables the information transmitted by processors with two distinct inputs to be decomposed into those components unique to each input that shared between the two inputs and that which depends on both though it is in neither ie synergy the decompositions that we report here show that contextual modulation has information processing properties that contrast with those of all four simple arithmetic operators that it can take various forms and that the form used in our previous studies of artificial neural nets composed of local processors with both driving and contextual inputs is particularly wellsuited to provide the distinctive capabilities of contextual modulation under a wide range of conditions we argue that the decompositions reported here could be compared with those obtained from empirical neurobiological and psychophysical data under conditions thought to reflect contextual modulation that would then shed new light on the underlying processes involved finally we suggest that such decompositions could aid the design of contextsensitive machine learning algorithms
|
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|
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|
1,803.05898
|
Effects of a subadiabatic layer on convection and dynamos in spherical
wedge simulations
|
We consider the effect of a subadiabatic layer at the base of the convection
zone on convection itself and the associated large-scale dynamos in spherical
wedge geometry. We use a heat conduction prescription based on the Kramers
opacity law which allows the depth of the convection zone to dynamically adapt
to changes in the physical characteristics such as rotation rate and magnetic
fields. We find that the convective heat transport is strongly concentrated
toward the equatorial and polar regions in the cases without a substantial
radiative layer below the convection zone. The presence of a stable layer below
the convection zone significantly reduces the anisotropy of radial enthalpy
transport. Furthermore, the dynamo solutions are sensitive to subtle changes in
the convection zone structure. We find that the kinetic helicity changes sign
in the deeper parts of the convection zone at high latitudes in all runs. This
region expands progressively toward the equator in runs with a thicker stably
stratified layer.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
we consider the effect of a subadiabatic layer at the base of the convection zone on convection itself and the associated largescale dynamos in spherical wedge geometry we use a heat conduction prescription based on the kramers opacity law which allows the depth of the convection zone to dynamically adapt to changes in the physical characteristics such as rotation rate and magnetic fields we find that the convective heat transport is strongly concentrated toward the equatorial and polar regions in the cases without a substantial radiative layer below the convection zone the presence of a stable layer below the convection zone significantly reduces the anisotropy of radial enthalpy transport furthermore the dynamo solutions are sensitive to subtle changes in the convection zone structure we find that the kinetic helicity changes sign in the deeper parts of the convection zone at high latitudes in all runs this region expands progressively toward the equator in runs with a thicker stably stratified layer
|
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|
[-0.15735026195761748, 0.1905693728738697, -0.002307735610520467, 0.05071289769548457, -0.07918909173167776, -0.014943476984626614, 0.11094186759728472, 0.31518773704301567, -0.3213332516461378, -0.29086004275595767, 0.07602166650540312, -0.22503018615798281, -0.09678668991546147, 0.17910780835954937, -0.028701419373646786, -0.03296853845240548, 0.04757963485681103, -0.02494909115921473, -0.036419852082326544, -0.13031526656268397, 0.3404972146556247, 0.10498628200657549, 0.26027300365385597, 0.026404201803961767, 0.02097201343422057, -0.12308301950979512, 0.015717922212206758, 0.005158752961949631, -0.16497530676115274, 0.031847659232653314, 0.19692505435705243, -0.0387800444932509, 0.23227534833858954, -0.5021663476713002, -0.2993336028477643, -0.00493098195292987, 0.16350214825652074, 0.09733084704712383, -0.026907661273435225, -0.1672493795165792, 0.038937641693337355, -0.12207933305762708, -0.1314585921325488, -0.002057800002512522, 0.010122533603134799, -0.03936833789630327, -0.27291633685417765, 0.11605049423233141, 0.10683302866309533, 0.0941505258961115, -0.11373395756418177, -0.10571139557869173, -0.1653878788711154, 0.11238764974405058, 0.06734222936138394, 0.029339212327613495, 0.2218585468508536, -0.1665715170893236, 0.032631879061227664, 0.37183123992290346, -0.09525610606651753, -0.1751756610960001, 0.19859397532563888, -0.23734525631298312, -0.042298780844430436, 0.20762994832766707, 0.1860798538738891, 0.15578884194642342, -0.03950787855465023, 0.037291613400520875, -0.05113186466915067, 0.1282268190232571, 0.0750403051293688, -0.054771470933337695, 0.26849643755704167, 0.17980374799808488, 0.10722758592382889, 0.132805357291727, -0.2247805544091534, -0.11750400635355618, -0.2752931880997494, -0.16068872415198712, -0.08812144193871063, -0.016509431600570678, -0.09421694115890204, -0.19055018685612596, 0.39691451733815486, 0.1479419619892724, 0.18978256465197774, -0.005134074204670469, 0.3187336527276784, 0.10047834530632826, 0.12159586090128868, 0.2001798975659767, 0.3011046138970414, 0.17831797465914861, 0.19971464388654567, -0.2872394777565205, 0.07731184705353371, 0.063198125368217]
|
1,803.05899
|
Moduli spaces of $G_{2}$ and $Spin(7)-$instantons on product manifolds
|
Let $X$ be a closed $6-$dimensional manifold with a half-closed
$SU(3)-$structure. On the product manifold $X\times S^{1}$, with respect to the
product $G_{2}-$structure and on a pullback vector bundle from $X$, we show
that any $G_{2}-$instanton is equivalent to a Hermitian Yang-Mills connection
on $X$ via a "broken gauge". This result reveals the topological type of the
moduli of $G_{2}-$instantons on $X\times S^{1}$. In dimension $8$, similar
result holds for moduli of $Spin(7)-$instantons. A generalization and an
example are given.
|
math.DG math.AG
|
let x be a closed 6dimensional manifold with a halfclosed su3structure on the product manifold xtimes s1 with respect to the product g_2structure and on a pullback vector bundle from x we show that any g_2instanton is equivalent to a hermitian yangmills connection on x via a broken gauge this result reveals the topological type of the moduli of g_2instantons on xtimes s1 in dimension 8 similar result holds for moduli of spin7instantons a generalization and an example are given
|
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|
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|
1,803.059
|
Toolflows for Mapping Convolutional Neural Networks on FPGAs: A Survey
and Future Directions
|
In the past decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated
state-of-the-art performance in various Artificial Intelligence tasks. To
accelerate the experimentation and development of CNNs, several software
frameworks have been released, primarily targeting power-hungry CPUs and GPUs.
In this context, reconfigurable hardware in the form of FPGAs constitutes a
potential alternative platform that can be integrated in the existing deep
learning ecosystem to provide a tunable balance between performance, power
consumption and programmability. In this paper, a survey of the existing
CNN-to-FPGA toolflows is presented, comprising a comparative study of their key
characteristics which include the supported applications, architectural
choices, design space exploration methods and achieved performance. Moreover,
major challenges and objectives introduced by the latest trends in CNN
algorithmic research are identified and presented. Finally, a uniform
evaluation methodology is proposed, aiming at the comprehensive, complete and
in-depth evaluation of CNN-to-FPGA toolflows.
|
cs.CV cs.AR cs.LG
|
in the past decade convolutional neural networks cnns have demonstrated stateoftheart performance in various artificial intelligence tasks to accelerate the experimentation and development of cnns several software frameworks have been released primarily targeting powerhungry cpus and gpus in this context reconfigurable hardware in the form of fpgas constitutes a potential alternative platform that can be integrated in the existing deep learning ecosystem to provide a tunable balance between performance power consumption and programmability in this paper a survey of the existing cnntofpga toolflows is presented comprising a comparative study of their key characteristics which include the supported applications architectural choices design space exploration methods and achieved performance moreover major challenges and objectives introduced by the latest trends in cnn algorithmic research are identified and presented finally a uniform evaluation methodology is proposed aiming at the comprehensive complete and indepth evaluation of cnntofpga toolflows
|
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|
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|
1,803.05901
|
Neutrino tomography of the Earth
|
Cosmic-ray interactions with the nuclei of the Earth's atmosphere produce a
flux of neutrinos in all directions with energies extending above the TeV
scale. However, the Earth is not a fully transparent medium for neutrinos with
energies above a few TeV. At these energies, the charged-current
neutrino-nucleon cross section is large enough so that the neutrino mean-free
path in a medium with the Earth's density is comparable to the Earth's
diameter. Therefore, when neutrinos of these energies cross the Earth, there is
a non-negligible probability for them to be absorbed. Since this effect depends
on the distance traveled by neutrinos and on their energy, studying the zenith
and energy distributions of TeV atmospheric neutrinos passing through the Earth
offers an opportunity to infer the Earth's density profile. Here we perform an
Earth tomography with neutrinos using actual data, the publicly available
one-year through-going muon sample of the atmospheric neutrino data of the
IceCube neutrino telescope. We are able to determine the mass of the Earth, its
moment of inertia, the mass of the Earth's core and to establish the core is
denser than the mantle, using weak interactions only, in a way completely
independent from gravitational measurements. Our results confirm that this can
be achieved with current neutrino detectors. This method to study the Earth's
internal structure, complementary to the traditional one from geophysics based
on seismological data, is starting to provide useful information and it could
become competitive as soon as more statistics is available thanks to the
current and larger future neutrino detectors.
|
hep-ph astro-ph.HE
|
cosmicray interactions with the nuclei of the earths atmosphere produce a flux of neutrinos in all directions with energies extending above the tev scale however the earth is not a fully transparent medium for neutrinos with energies above a few tev at these energies the chargedcurrent neutrinonucleon cross section is large enough so that the neutrino meanfree path in a medium with the earths density is comparable to the earths diameter therefore when neutrinos of these energies cross the earth there is a nonnegligible probability for them to be absorbed since this effect depends on the distance traveled by neutrinos and on their energy studying the zenith and energy distributions of tev atmospheric neutrinos passing through the earth offers an opportunity to infer the earths density profile here we perform an earth tomography with neutrinos using actual data the publicly available oneyear throughgoing muon sample of the atmospheric neutrino data of the icecube neutrino telescope we are able to determine the mass of the earth its moment of inertia the mass of the earths core and to establish the core is denser than the mantle using weak interactions only in a way completely independent from gravitational measurements our results confirm that this can be achieved with current neutrino detectors this method to study the earths internal structure complementary to the traditional one from geophysics based on seismological data is starting to provide useful information and it could become competitive as soon as more statistics is available thanks to the current and larger future neutrino detectors
|
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|
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|
1,803.05902
|
Velocity-dependent Lyapunov exponents in many-body quantum,
semi-classical, and classical chaos
|
The exponential growth or decay with time of the out-of-time-order commutator
(OTOC) is one widely used diagnostic of many-body chaos in spatially-extended
systems. In studies of many-body classical chaos, it has been noted that one
can define a velocity-dependent Lyapunov exponent, $\lambda({\bf v})$, which is
the growth or decay rate along "rays" at that velocity. We examine the behavior
of $\lambda({\bf v})$ for a variety of many-body systems, both chaotic and
integrable. The so-called light cone for the spreading of operators is defined
by $\lambda({\bf \hat n}v_B({\bf \hat n}))=0$, with a generally
direction-dependent "butterfly speed" $v_B({\bf \hat n})$. In spatially local
systems, $\lambda(v)$ is negative outside the light cone where it takes the
form $\lambda(v) \sim -(v-v_B)^{\alpha}$ near $v_b$, with the exponent $\alpha$
taking on various values over the range of systems we examine. The regime
inside the light cone with positive Lyapunov exponents may only exist for
classical, semi-classical or large-$N$ systems, but not for "fully quantum"
chaotic systems with strong short-range interactions and local Hilbert space
dimensions of order one.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.str-el hep-th nlin.CD quant-ph
|
the exponential growth or decay with time of the outoftimeorder commutator otoc is one widely used diagnostic of manybody chaos in spatiallyextended systems in studies of manybody classical chaos it has been noted that one can define a velocitydependent lyapunov exponent lambdabf v which is the growth or decay rate along rays at that velocity we examine the behavior of lambdabf v for a variety of manybody systems both chaotic and integrable the socalled light cone for the spreading of operators is defined by lambdabf hat nv_bbf hat n0 with a generally directiondependent butterfly speed v_bbf hat n in spatially local systems lambdav is negative outside the light cone where it takes the form lambdav sim vv_balpha near v_b with the exponent alpha taking on various values over the range of systems we examine the regime inside the light cone with positive lyapunov exponents may only exist for classical semiclassical or largen systems but not for fully quantum chaotic systems with strong shortrange interactions and local hilbert space dimensions of order one
|
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|
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|
1,803.05903
|
Local $\beta$-deformations and Yang-Baxter sigma model
|
Homogeneous Yang-Baxter (YB) deformation of AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ superstring is
revisited. We calculate the YB sigma model action up to quadratic order in
fermions and show that homogeneous YB deformations are equivalent to
$\beta$-deformations of the AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ background when the classical
$r$-matrices consist of bosonic generators. In order to make our discussion
clearer, we discuss YB deformations in terms of the double-vielbein formalism
of double field theory. We further provide an O(10,10)-invariant string action
that reproduces the Green-Schwarz type II superstring action up to quadratic
order in fermions. When an AdS background contains a non-vanishing $H$-flux, it
is not straightforward to perform homogeneous YB deformations. In order to get
any hint for such YB deformations, we study $\beta$-deformations of $H$-fluxed
AdS backgrounds and obtain various solutions of (generalized) type II
supergravity.
|
hep-th
|
homogeneous yangbaxter yb deformation of ads_5timess5 superstring is revisited we calculate the yb sigma model action up to quadratic order in fermions and show that homogeneous yb deformations are equivalent to betadeformations of the ads_5timess5 background when the classical rmatrices consist of bosonic generators in order to make our discussion clearer we discuss yb deformations in terms of the doublevielbein formalism of double field theory we further provide an o1010invariant string action that reproduces the greenschwarz type ii superstring action up to quadratic order in fermions when an ads background contains a nonvanishing hflux it is not straightforward to perform homogeneous yb deformations in order to get any hint for such yb deformations we study betadeformations of hfluxed ads backgrounds and obtain various solutions of generalized type ii supergravity
|
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|
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|
1,803.05904
|
A generalization of the CHSH inequality self-testing maximally entangled
states of any local dimension
|
For every $d \geq 2$, we present a generalization of the CHSH inequality with
the property that maximal violation self-tests the maximally entangled state of
local dimension $d$. This is the first example of a family of inequalities with
this property. Moreover, we provide a conjecture for a family of inequalities
generalizing the tilted CHSH inequalities, and we conjecture that for each pure
bipartite entangled state there is an inequality in the family whose maximal
violation self-tests it. All of these inequalities are inspired by the
self-testing correlations of [Nat. Comm. 8, 15485 (2017)].
|
quant-ph
|
for every d geq 2 we present a generalization of the chsh inequality with the property that maximal violation selftests the maximally entangled state of local dimension d this is the first example of a family of inequalities with this property moreover we provide a conjecture for a family of inequalities generalizing the tilted chsh inequalities and we conjecture that for each pure bipartite entangled state there is an inequality in the family whose maximal violation selftests it all of these inequalities are inspired by the selftesting correlations of nat comm 8 15485 2017
|
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|
[-0.14595484997126015, 0.15493651569286546, -0.05471983883886578, 0.017149031449584885, 0.011182396003897203, -0.24948893238770517, 0.022910659809527483, 0.25646464554394816, -0.2352248443330222, -0.2794123703930923, 0.08191661185837608, -0.32322509059226734, -0.1231584241415592, 0.17881571599579554, -0.06267390300103641, 0.07224838995434185, 0.021525785931326608, 0.010000805447603813, -0.07698272667488361, -0.32438466656319004, 0.33455626904330354, -0.05691833263064953, 0.2429939293738534, 0.08062986682288031, 0.08274127213541974, 0.042952645391701384, 0.05050228159636893, 0.023314714669547182, -0.18181185567819022, 0.1901354624671822, 0.21864288040694405, 0.22396302399810086, 0.2601779230419507, -0.3112408018288911, -0.1386267061474079, 0.22928738618824393, 0.048424779472159264, 0.10913130053457745, -0.031147083359215646, -0.3201184605069934, 0.04764263688566837, -0.17771423857738364, -0.21935956228643338, -0.07275319458084538, 0.07524657658142771, -0.06287394876175738, -0.3327709524149194, 0.17202757561500084, 0.14851393495646723, 0.05558908440032107, -0.009924349588084412, -0.05213110388672732, -0.010014627183331772, 0.005333241559515529, -0.0697843367531103, 0.015166426231054233, -0.006720530820955978, -0.06926511827499625, -0.24374742908254662, 0.2671209788055189, 0.009613075689908037, -0.21829469227219656, 0.10933104868324355, -0.1624233235315261, -0.21743272529157037, 0.017397489388810194, 0.07135962250028202, 0.16301117423783115, -0.1033055885853444, 0.1062387395396264, -0.21340968422195378, 0.12357491526277141, 0.12139022980935554, 0.12811231884815572, 0.060940214135545366, 0.059463803213030256, 0.16292940335164957, 0.18159125640274995, -0.0074221580487458, -0.06126642388172765, -0.40528595675417084, -0.24543442197659232, -0.235314238696369, 0.15651410464643242, -0.12252016845292367, -0.091578935768376, 0.3536964671963707, 0.04197142669495116, 0.12169437697949878, 0.07550982286796924, 0.1382183841271128, 0.051442951801173545, 0.03261920098373865, 0.1363448061722707, 0.26002709182385514, 0.18314247403264125, 0.044466364256879116, -0.15455277801238673, 0.07577164184569599, 0.10569193675380914]
|
1,803.05905
|
Critical behavior of the van der Waals bonded ferromagnet
Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$
|
The critical properties of the single-crystalline van der Waals bonded
ferromagnet Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$ were investigated by bulk dc magnetization
around the paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) phase transition. The
Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$ single crystals grown by self-flux method with Fe deficiency
$x \approx 0.36$ exhibit bulk FM ordering below $T_c = 152$ K. The
M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopy was used to provide information on defects and local
atomic environment in such crystals. Critical exponents $\beta = 0.372(4)$ with
a critical temperature $T_c = 151.25(5)$ K and $\gamma = 1.265(15)$ with $T_c =
151.17(12)$ K are obtained by the Kouvel-Fisher method whereas $\delta =
4.50(1)$ is obtained by a critical isotherm analysis at $T_c = 151$ K. These
critical exponents obey the Widom scaling relation $\delta = 1+\gamma/\beta$,
indicating self-consistency of the obtained values. With these critical
exponents the isotherm $M(H)$ curves below and above the critical temperatures
collapse into two independent universal branches, obeying the single scaling
equation $m = f_\pm(h)$, where $m$ and $h$ are renormalized magnetization and
field, respectively. The exponents determined in this study are close to those
calculated from the results of the renormalization group approach for a
heuristic model of three-dimensional Heisenberg ($d = 3, n = 3$) spins coupled
with the attractive long-range interactions between spins that decay as
$J(r)\approx r^{-(3+\sigma)}$ with $\sigma=1.89$.
|
cond-mat.str-el
|
the critical properties of the singlecrystalline van der waals bonded ferromagnet fe_3xgete_2 were investigated by bulk dc magnetization around the paramagnetic pm to ferromagnetic fm phase transition the fe_3xgete_2 single crystals grown by selfflux method with fe deficiency x approx 036 exhibit bulk fm ordering below t_c 152 k the mossbauer spectroscopy was used to provide information on defects and local atomic environment in such crystals critical exponents beta 03724 with a critical temperature t_c 151255 k and gamma 126515 with t_c 1511712 k are obtained by the kouvelfisher method whereas delta 4501 is obtained by a critical isotherm analysis at t_c 151 k these critical exponents obey the widom scaling relation delta 1gammabeta indicating selfconsistency of the obtained values with these critical exponents the isotherm mh curves below and above the critical temperatures collapse into two independent universal branches obeying the single scaling equation m f_pmh where m and h are renormalized magnetization and field respectively the exponents determined in this study are close to those calculated from the results of the renormalization group approach for a heuristic model of threedimensional heisenberg d 3 n 3 spins coupled with the attractive longrange interactions between spins that decay as jrapprox r3sigma with sigma189
|
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|
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|
1,803.05906
|
A note on submanifolds of $\bar{M}^{2n+1}(f_1,f_2,f_3)$ with respect to
certain connections
|
The present paper deals with some results of almsot semi-invariant
submanifolds of generalized Sasakian-space-forms in \cite{ALEGRE3} with respect
to semisymmetric metric connection, semisymmetric non-metric connection,
Schouten-van Kampen connection and Tanaka-Webster connection.
|
math.DG
|
the present paper deals with some results of almsot semiinvariant submanifolds of generalized sasakianspaceforms in citealegre3 with respect to semisymmetric metric connection semisymmetric nonmetric connection schoutenvan kampen connection and tanakawebster connection
|
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|
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|
1,803.05907
|
Water transport on infinite graphs
|
If the nodes of a graph are considered to be identical barrels - featuring
different water levels - and the edges to be (locked) water-filled pipes in
between the barrels, consider the optimization problem of how much the water
level in a fixed barrel can be raised with no pumps available, i.e. by opening
and closing the locks in an elaborate succession. This model is related to an
opinion formation process, the so-called Deffuant model. We consider i.i.d.
random initial water levels and ask whether the supremum of achievable levels
at a given node has a degenerate distribution, i.e. concentrates on a single
value. This turns out to be the case for all infinite connected
quasi-transitive graphs with exactly one exception: the two-sided infinite
path.
|
math.PR
|
if the nodes of a graph are considered to be identical barrels featuring different water levels and the edges to be locked waterfilled pipes in between the barrels consider the optimization problem of how much the water level in a fixed barrel can be raised with no pumps available ie by opening and closing the locks in an elaborate succession this model is related to an opinion formation process the socalled deffuant model we consider iid random initial water levels and ask whether the supremum of achievable levels at a given node has a degenerate distribution ie concentrates on a single value this turns out to be the case for all infinite connected quasitransitive graphs with exactly one exception the twosided infinite path
|
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|
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|
1,803.05908
|
Singular limit of BSDEs and Optimal control of two scale stochastic
systems in infinite dimensional spaces
|
In this paper we study by probabilistic techniques the convergence of the
value function for a two-scale, infinite-dimensional, stochastic controlled
system as the ratio between the two evolution speeds diverges. The value
function is represented as the solution of a \textit{backward stochastic
differential equation} (BSDE) that it is shown to converge towards a
\textit{reduced} BSDE. The noise is assumed to be additive both in the slow and
the fast equations for the state. Some non degeneracy condition on the slow
equation is required. The limit BSDE involves the solution of an
\textit{ergodic} BSDE and is itself interpreted as the value function of an
auxiliary stochastic control problem on a reduced state space.
|
math.OC
|
in this paper we study by probabilistic techniques the convergence of the value function for a twoscale infinitedimensional stochastic controlled system as the ratio between the two evolution speeds diverges the value function is represented as the solution of a textitbackward stochastic differential equation bsde that it is shown to converge towards a textitreduced bsde the noise is assumed to be additive both in the slow and the fast equations for the state some non degeneracy condition on the slow equation is required the limit bsde involves the solution of an textitergodic bsde and is itself interpreted as the value function of an auxiliary stochastic control problem on a reduced state space
|
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|
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|
1,803.05909
|
Efficient Hardware Realization of Convolutional Neural Networks using
Intra-Kernel Regular Pruning
|
The recent trend toward increasingly deep convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) leads to a higher demand of computational power and memory storage.
Consequently, the deployment of CNNs in hardware has become more challenging.
In this paper, we propose an Intra-Kernel Regular (IKR) pruning scheme to
reduce the size and computational complexity of the CNNs by removing redundant
weights at a fine-grained level. Unlike other pruning methods such as
Fine-Grained pruning, IKR pruning maintains regular kernel structures that are
exploitable in a hardware accelerator. Experimental results demonstrate up to
10x parameter reduction and 7x computational reduction at a cost of less than
1% degradation in accuracy versus the un-pruned case.
|
cs.CV
|
the recent trend toward increasingly deep convolutional neural networks cnns leads to a higher demand of computational power and memory storage consequently the deployment of cnns in hardware has become more challenging in this paper we propose an intrakernel regular ikr pruning scheme to reduce the size and computational complexity of the cnns by removing redundant weights at a finegrained level unlike other pruning methods such as finegrained pruning ikr pruning maintains regular kernel structures that are exploitable in a hardware accelerator experimental results demonstrate up to 10x parameter reduction and 7x computational reduction at a cost of less than 1 degradation in accuracy versus the unpruned case
|
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|
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|
1,803.0591
|
Combining the color structures and intersection points of thick center
vortices and low-lying Dirac modes
|
We investigate several examples of Yang-Mills gauge configurations containing
center vortex structures, including intersection points between vortices and
nontrivial color structures residing on the vortex world-surfaces. Various
topological charge contributions of the color structures and intersection
points are studied in these configurations. Low-lying eigenmodes of the
(overlap) Dirac operator in the presence of these vortex backgrounds are
analyzed. The results indicate characteristic properties for spontaneous chiral
symmetry breaking.
|
hep-lat
|
we investigate several examples of yangmills gauge configurations containing center vortex structures including intersection points between vortices and nontrivial color structures residing on the vortex worldsurfaces various topological charge contributions of the color structures and intersection points are studied in these configurations lowlying eigenmodes of the overlap dirac operator in the presence of these vortex backgrounds are analyzed the results indicate characteristic properties for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking
|
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|
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|
1,803.05911
|
The solution of the Einstein equation in the interior of the black holes
by using arbitrary distribution functions
|
The aim of this paper is to obtain the solution of the Einstein equation in
the interior of the black holes by using arbitrary distribution functions;
corresponding to Gaussian, Rayleigh, Maxwell-Boltzmann and non-Gaussian
distributions. Also we calculate the Hawking temperature, the mass and heat
capacity for cosmological horizon and the black hole horizon.
|
gr-qc hep-th
|
the aim of this paper is to obtain the solution of the einstein equation in the interior of the black holes by using arbitrary distribution functions corresponding to gaussian rayleigh maxwellboltzmann and nongaussian distributions also we calculate the hawking temperature the mass and heat capacity for cosmological horizon and the black hole horizon
|
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|
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|
1,803.05912
|
The redshift evolution of rest-UV spectroscopic properties in Lyman
Break Galaxies at z ~ 2-4
|
We present the first comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the rest-frame UV
spectroscopic properties of star-forming galaxies at z ~ 2-4. We match samples
at different redshifts in UV luminosity and stellar mass, and perform
systematic measurements of spectral features and stellar population modeling.
By creating composite spectra grouped according to Ly$\alpha$ equivalent width
(EW), and various galaxy properties, we study the evolutionary trends among
Ly$\alpha$, low- and high-ionization interstellar (LIS and HIS) absorption
features, and integrated galaxy properties. We also examine the redshift
evolution of Ly$\alpha$ and LIS absorption kinematics, and fine-structure
emission EWs. The connections among the strengths of Ly$\alpha$, LIS lines, and
dust extinction are redshift-independent, as is the decoupling of Ly$\alpha$
and HIS line strengths, and the bulk outflow kinematics as traced by LIS lines.
Stronger Ly$\alpha$ emission is observed at higher redshift at fixed UV
luminosity, stellar mass, SFR, and age. Much of this variation in average
Ly$\alpha$ strength with redshift, and the variation in Ly$\alpha$ strength at
fixed redshift, can be explained in terms of variations in neutral gas covering
fraction and/or dust content in the ISM and CGM. However, based on the
connection between Ly$\alpha$ and CIII] emission strengths, we additionally
find evidence for variations in the intrinsic production rate of Ly$\alpha$
photons at the highest Ly$\alpha$ EWs. The challenge now is to understand the
observed evolution in neutral gas covering fraction and dust extinction within
a coherent model for galaxy formation, and make robust predictions for the
escape of ionizing radiation at z > 6.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we present the first comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the restframe uv spectroscopic properties of starforming galaxies at z 24 we match samples at different redshifts in uv luminosity and stellar mass and perform systematic measurements of spectral features and stellar population modeling by creating composite spectra grouped according to lyalpha equivalent width ew and various galaxy properties we study the evolutionary trends among lyalpha low and highionization interstellar lis and his absorption features and integrated galaxy properties we also examine the redshift evolution of lyalpha and lis absorption kinematics and finestructure emission ews the connections among the strengths of lyalpha lis lines and dust extinction are redshiftindependent as is the decoupling of lyalpha and his line strengths and the bulk outflow kinematics as traced by lis lines stronger lyalpha emission is observed at higher redshift at fixed uv luminosity stellar mass sfr and age much of this variation in average lyalpha strength with redshift and the variation in lyalpha strength at fixed redshift can be explained in terms of variations in neutral gas covering fraction andor dust content in the ism and cgm however based on the connection between lyalpha and ciii emission strengths we additionally find evidence for variations in the intrinsic production rate of lyalpha photons at the highest lyalpha ews the challenge now is to understand the observed evolution in neutral gas covering fraction and dust extinction within a coherent model for galaxy formation and make robust predictions for the escape of ionizing radiation at z 6
|
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|
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|
1,803.05913
|
Linear stability analysis of collective neutrino oscillations without
spurious modes
|
Collective neutrino oscillations are induced by the presence of neutrinos
themselves. As such they are intrinsically nonlinear phenomena and are much
more complex than linear counterparts such as the vacuum or MSW oscillations.
They obey integro-differential equations, numerical solutions of which are also
very challenging. If one focuses on the onset of the collective oscillations,
on the other hand, the equations can be linearized and the technique of linear
analysis can be employed. Unfortunately, however, it is well known that such an
analysis, when applied with discretizations of continuous angular
distributions, suffers from the appearance of so-called spurious modes,
unphysical eigenmodes of the discretized linear equations. In this paper, we
analyze in detail the origin of these unphysical modes and present a simple
solution to this annoying problem. We have found that the spurious modes
originate from the artificial production of pole singularities instead of a
branch cut in the Riemann surface by the discretizations. The branching point
singularities in the Riemann surface for the original undiscretized equations
can be recovered by approximating the angular distributions with polynomials
and then performing the integrals analytically. We demonstrate for some
examples that this simple prescription removes the spurious modes indeed. We
also propose an even simpler method: a piecewise linear approximation to the
angular distribution. It is shown that the same methodology is applicable to
the multi-energy case as well as to the dispersion relation approach that was
proposed very recently.
|
hep-ph astro-ph.HE
|
collective neutrino oscillations are induced by the presence of neutrinos themselves as such they are intrinsically nonlinear phenomena and are much more complex than linear counterparts such as the vacuum or msw oscillations they obey integrodifferential equations numerical solutions of which are also very challenging if one focuses on the onset of the collective oscillations on the other hand the equations can be linearized and the technique of linear analysis can be employed unfortunately however it is well known that such an analysis when applied with discretizations of continuous angular distributions suffers from the appearance of socalled spurious modes unphysical eigenmodes of the discretized linear equations in this paper we analyze in detail the origin of these unphysical modes and present a simple solution to this annoying problem we have found that the spurious modes originate from the artificial production of pole singularities instead of a branch cut in the riemann surface by the discretizations the branching point singularities in the riemann surface for the original undiscretized equations can be recovered by approximating the angular distributions with polynomials and then performing the integrals analytically we demonstrate for some examples that this simple prescription removes the spurious modes indeed we also propose an even simpler method a piecewise linear approximation to the angular distribution it is shown that the same methodology is applicable to the multienergy case as well as to the dispersion relation approach that was proposed very recently
|
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|
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|
1,803.05914
|
Molecular Emission from a Galaxy Associated with a z~2.2 Damped
Lyman-alpha Absorber
|
Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array, we have detected
CO(3-2) line and far-infrared continuum emission from a galaxy associated with
a high-metallicity ([M/H] = -0.27) damped Ly-alpha absorber (DLA) at z
=2.19289. The galaxy is located 3.5" away from the quasar sightline,
corresponding to a large impact parameter of 30 kpc at the DLA redshift. We use
archival Very Large Telescope-SINFONI data to detect Halpha emission from the
associated galaxy, and find that the object is dusty, with a dust-corrected
star formation rate of 110 +60 -30 Msun/yr. The galaxy's molecular mass is
large, Mmol = (1.4 +- 0.2) x 10^11 x (\alpha_CO/4.3) x (0.57/r_31) Msun,
supporting the hypothesis that high-metallicity DLAs arise predominantly near
massive galaxies. The excellent agreement in redshift between the CO(3-2) line
emission and low-ion metal absorption (~40 km/s) disfavors scenarios whereby
the gas probed by the DLA shows bulk motion around the galaxy. We use Giant
Metrewave Radio Telescope HI 21cm absorption spectroscopy to find that the HI
along the DLA sightline must be warm, with a stringent lower limit on the spin
temperature of T_s > 1895 x (f/0.93) K. The detection of CI absorption in the
DLA, however, also indicates the presence of cold neutral gas. To reconcile
these results requires that the cold components in the DLA contribute little to
the HI column density, yet contain roughly 50% of the metals of the absorber,
underlining the complex multi-phase nature of the gas surrounding high-z
galaxies.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
using the atacama large millimetersubmillimeter array we have detected co32 line and farinfrared continuum emission from a galaxy associated with a highmetallicity mh 027 damped lyalpha absorber dla at z 219289 the galaxy is located 35 away from the quasar sightline corresponding to a large impact parameter of 30 kpc at the dla redshift we use archival very large telescopesinfoni data to detect halpha emission from the associated galaxy and find that the object is dusty with a dustcorrected star formation rate of 110 60 30 msunyr the galaxys molecular mass is large mmol 14 02 x 1011 x alpha_co43 x 057r_31 msun supporting the hypothesis that highmetallicity dlas arise predominantly near massive galaxies the excellent agreement in redshift between the co32 line emission and lowion metal absorption 40 kms disfavors scenarios whereby the gas probed by the dla shows bulk motion around the galaxy we use giant metrewave radio telescope hi 21cm absorption spectroscopy to find that the hi along the dla sightline must be warm with a stringent lower limit on the spin temperature of t_s 1895 x f093 k the detection of ci absorption in the dla however also indicates the presence of cold neutral gas to reconcile these results requires that the cold components in the dla contribute little to the hi column density yet contain roughly 50 of the metals of the absorber underlining the complex multiphase nature of the gas surrounding highz galaxies
|
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|
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|
1,803.05915
|
Characterization of the Infrared/X-ray sub-second variability for the
black-hole transient GX 339-4
|
We present a detailed analysis of the X-ray/IR fast variability of the
Black-Hole Transient GX 339-4 during its low/hard state in August 2008. Thanks
to simultaneous high time-resolution observations made with the VLT and RXTE,
we performed the first characterisation of the sub-second variability in the
near-infrared band - and of its correlation with the X-rays - for a low-mass
X-ray binary, using both time and frequency-domain techniques. We found a
power-law correlation between the X-ray and infrared fluxes when measured on
timescales of 16 seconds, with a marginally variable slope, steeper than the
one found on timescales of days at similar flux levels. We suggest the variable
slope - if confirmed - could be due to the infrared flux being a non-constant
combination of both optically thin and optically thick synchrotron emission
from the jet, as a result of a variable self-absorption break. From cross
spectral analysis we found an approximately constant infrared time lag of
$\approx$ 0.1s, and a very high coherence of $\approx$ 90 per cent on
timescales of tens of seconds, slowly decreasing toward higher frequencies.
Finally, we report on the first detection of a linear rms-flux relation in the
emission from a low-mass X-ray binary jet, on timescales where little
correlation is found between the X-rays and the jet emission itself. This
suggests that either the inflow variations and jet IR emission are coupled by a
non-linear or time-variable transform, or that the IR rms-flux relation is not
transferred from the inflow to the jet, but is an intrinsic property of
emission processes in the jet.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
we present a detailed analysis of the xrayir fast variability of the blackhole transient gx 3394 during its lowhard state in august 2008 thanks to simultaneous high timeresolution observations made with the vlt and rxte we performed the first characterisation of the subsecond variability in the nearinfrared band and of its correlation with the xrays for a lowmass xray binary using both time and frequencydomain techniques we found a powerlaw correlation between the xray and infrared fluxes when measured on timescales of 16 seconds with a marginally variable slope steeper than the one found on timescales of days at similar flux levels we suggest the variable slope if confirmed could be due to the infrared flux being a nonconstant combination of both optically thin and optically thick synchrotron emission from the jet as a result of a variable selfabsorption break from cross spectral analysis we found an approximately constant infrared time lag of approx 01s and a very high coherence of approx 90 per cent on timescales of tens of seconds slowly decreasing toward higher frequencies finally we report on the first detection of a linear rmsflux relation in the emission from a lowmass xray binary jet on timescales where little correlation is found between the xrays and the jet emission itself this suggests that either the inflow variations and jet ir emission are coupled by a nonlinear or timevariable transform or that the ir rmsflux relation is not transferred from the inflow to the jet but is an intrinsic property of emission processes in the jet
|
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'detailed', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'xrayir', 'fast', 'variability', 'of', 'the', 'blackhole', 'transient', 'gx', '3394', 'during', 'its', 'lowhard', 'state', 'in', 'august', '2008', 'thanks', 'to', 'simultaneous', 'high', 'timeresolution', 'observations', 'made', 'with', 'the', 'vlt', 'and', 'rxte', 'we', 'performed', 'the', 'first', 'characterisation', 'of', 'the', 'subsecond', 'variability', 'in', 'the', 'nearinfrared', 'band', 'and', 'of', 'its', 'correlation', 'with', 'the', 'xrays', 'for', 'a', 'lowmass', 'xray', 'binary', 'using', 'both', 'time', 'and', 'frequencydomain', 'techniques', 'we', 'found', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'correlation', 'between', 'the', 'xray', 'and', 'infrared', 'fluxes', 'when', 'measured', 'on', 'timescales', 'of', '16', 'seconds', 'with', 'a', 'marginally', 'variable', 'slope', 'steeper', 'than', 'the', 'one', 'found', 'on', 'timescales', 'of', 'days', 'at', 'similar', 'flux', 'levels', 'we', 'suggest', 'the', 'variable', 'slope', 'if', 'confirmed', 'could', 'be', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'infrared', 'flux', 'being', 'a', 'nonconstant', 'combination', 'of', 'both', 'optically', 'thin', 'and', 'optically', 'thick', 'synchrotron', 'emission', 'from', 'the', 'jet', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'of', 'a', 'variable', 'selfabsorption', 'break', 'from', 'cross', 'spectral', 'analysis', 'we', 'found', 'an', 'approximately', 'constant', 'infrared', 'time', 'lag', 'of', 'approx', '01s', 'and', 'a', 'very', 'high', 'coherence', 'of', 'approx', '90', 'per', 'cent', 'on', 'timescales', 'of', 'tens', 'of', 'seconds', 'slowly', 'decreasing', 'toward', 'higher', 'frequencies', 'finally', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'first', 'detection', 'of', 'a', 'linear', 'rmsflux', 'relation', 'in', 'the', 'emission', 'from', 'a', 'lowmass', 'xray', 'binary', 'jet', 'on', 'timescales', 'where', 'little', 'correlation', 'is', 'found', 'between', 'the', 'xrays', 'and', 'the', 'jet', 'emission', 'itself', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'either', 'the', 'inflow', 'variations', 'and', 'jet', 'ir', 'emission', 'are', 'coupled', 'by', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'or', 'timevariable', 'transform', 'or', 'that', 'the', 'ir', 'rmsflux', 'relation', 'is', 'not', 'transferred', 'from', 'the', 'inflow', 'to', 'the', 'jet', 'but', 'is', 'an', 'intrinsic', 'property', 'of', 'emission', 'processes', 'in', 'the', 'jet']]
|
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|
1,803.05916
|
Extended Gauge Theory Deformations From~Flux~Backgrounds
|
We consider supersymmetric deformations of gauge theories in various
dimensions obtained from a String Theory realisation of branes embedded in flux
backgrounds. In particular we obtain deformations which take the form of Wilson
line defects, where the R-symmetry is twisted into the gauge symmetry.
Furthermore we construct higher-order generalisations, also expressed a
twisting of the R-symmetry, that have symmetries associated to co-dimension two
and three defects.
|
hep-th
|
we consider supersymmetric deformations of gauge theories in various dimensions obtained from a string theory realisation of branes embedded in flux backgrounds in particular we obtain deformations which take the form of wilson line defects where the rsymmetry is twisted into the gauge symmetry furthermore we construct higherorder generalisations also expressed a twisting of the rsymmetry that have symmetries associated to codimension two and three defects
|
[['we', 'consider', 'supersymmetric', 'deformations', 'of', 'gauge', 'theories', 'in', 'various', 'dimensions', 'obtained', 'from', 'a', 'string', 'theory', 'realisation', 'of', 'branes', 'embedded', 'in', 'flux', 'backgrounds', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'obtain', 'deformations', 'which', 'take', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'wilson', 'line', 'defects', 'where', 'the', 'rsymmetry', 'is', 'twisted', 'into', 'the', 'gauge', 'symmetry', 'furthermore', 'we', 'construct', 'higherorder', 'generalisations', 'also', 'expressed', 'a', 'twisting', 'of', 'the', 'rsymmetry', 'that', 'have', 'symmetries', 'associated', 'to', 'codimension', 'two', 'and', 'three', 'defects']]
|
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|
1,803.05917
|
The Telltale Heartbeat: Detection and Characterization of Eccentric
Orbiting Planets via Tides on their Host Star
|
We present an analytic description of tides raised on a star by a small
orbiting body. In particular, we highlight the disproportionate effect of
eccentricity and thus the scope for using these tides to detect and
characterise the orbits of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. The tidal distortions
of the star produced by an eccentric orbit are, in comparison to a circular
orbit, much richer in detail, and potentially visible from any viewing angle.
The magnitude of these variations is much larger than that in a circular orbit
of the same semi-major axis. These variations are visible in both photometric
and spectroscopic data, and dominate other regular sources of phase variability
(e.g reflection and Doppler beaming) over a particularly interesting portion of
parameter space. These tidal signatures will be a useful tool for planet
detection on their own, and used in concert with other methods provide powerful
constraints on planetary and stellar properties.
|
astro-ph.EP astro-ph.IM astro-ph.SR
|
we present an analytic description of tides raised on a star by a small orbiting body in particular we highlight the disproportionate effect of eccentricity and thus the scope for using these tides to detect and characterise the orbits of exoplanets and brown dwarfs the tidal distortions of the star produced by an eccentric orbit are in comparison to a circular orbit much richer in detail and potentially visible from any viewing angle the magnitude of these variations is much larger than that in a circular orbit of the same semimajor axis these variations are visible in both photometric and spectroscopic data and dominate other regular sources of phase variability eg reflection and doppler beaming over a particularly interesting portion of parameter space these tidal signatures will be a useful tool for planet detection on their own and used in concert with other methods provide powerful constraints on planetary and stellar properties
|
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|
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|
1,803.05918
|
Spectroscopic Follow-Up of the Hercules Aquila Cloud
|
We designed a follow-up program to find the spectroscopic properties of the
Hercules-Aquila Cloud (HAC) and test scenarios for its formation. We measured
the radial velocities (RVs) of 45 RR Lyrae in the southern portion of the HAC
using the facilities at the MDM observatory, producing the first large sample
of velocities in the HAC. We found a double-peaked distribution in RVs, skewed
slightly to negative velocities. We compared both the morphology of HAC
projected onto the plane of the sky and the distribution of velocities in this
structure outlined by RR Lyrae and other tracer populations at different
distances to N-body simulations. We found that the behaviour is characteristic
of an old, well-mixed accretion event with small apo-galactic radius. We cannot
yet rule out other formation mechanisms for the HAC. However, if our
interpretation is correct, HAC represents just a small portion of a much larger
debris structure spread throughout the inner Galaxy whose distinct kinematic
structure should be apparent in RV studies along many lines of sight.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we designed a followup program to find the spectroscopic properties of the herculesaquila cloud hac and test scenarios for its formation we measured the radial velocities rvs of 45 rr lyrae in the southern portion of the hac using the facilities at the mdm observatory producing the first large sample of velocities in the hac we found a doublepeaked distribution in rvs skewed slightly to negative velocities we compared both the morphology of hac projected onto the plane of the sky and the distribution of velocities in this structure outlined by rr lyrae and other tracer populations at different distances to nbody simulations we found that the behaviour is characteristic of an old wellmixed accretion event with small apogalactic radius we cannot yet rule out other formation mechanisms for the hac however if our interpretation is correct hac represents just a small portion of a much larger debris structure spread throughout the inner galaxy whose distinct kinematic structure should be apparent in rv studies along many lines of sight
|
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|
[-0.10284222203224679, 0.09358902866207405, -0.12347499739707393, 0.06838551687199951, -0.097300773009877, -0.042498333453584246, 0.0394624045728158, 0.4204333254519631, -0.23178648517521866, -0.31108857969589093, 0.04110242629848311, -0.2783423012951115, -0.04143255396663924, 0.19330476289683515, -0.023418718258685925, -0.04389845107387587, 0.07702438237474245, -0.05645210741580847, -0.023058268292944002, -0.24325016549076228, 0.2513194895294659, 0.07359929119839388, 0.19134321001988341, -0.07273521464975441, 0.05377809941111242, -0.07702427214997656, -0.09259716430131126, 0.03494848488994381, -0.14677347151244996, 0.06855808153820415, 0.21064314045121565, 0.13873764664646895, 0.2214099136441398, -0.32042303251848137, -0.1744358826738522, 0.06404499421170091, 0.21677942885469426, 0.07540070721246166, -0.044554936626980846, -0.2633411124019938, 0.07230739038273254, -0.15302052986876602, -0.23056008931085029, 0.052229852771715206, 0.07975405069917221, 0.049581093403428575, -0.20191954769269455, 0.11164045713513213, 0.0068138800835346475, 0.10939303988399093, -0.09840346398996189, -0.159612149486373, -0.07291506651432857, 0.08399496465332477, 0.015349502851227846, 0.013906569759744932, 0.14057680425946326, -0.12429066067424548, -0.01923906652475981, 0.40215952358044244, -0.08777200906017028, -0.07400283214964849, 0.21304848901242676, -0.2426387715023285, -0.1710789378896794, 0.13383794929558301, 0.17068255354773582, 0.13838691148249543, -0.1642047792820342, -0.004698308900697157, -0.0524694921414587, 0.18275133407167982, 0.057153806690236224, 0.02798407527297968, 0.30811929947813044, 0.10261075820376658, 0.045099964368102305, 0.08086341964799966, -0.26855859812623, -0.09877185710870168, -0.25882987563690063, -0.09972572390757063, -0.13269400370738688, 0.03249176083524671, -0.11367829913138207, -0.15388971523600906, 0.3538143481620971, 0.1158875627861776, 0.24480426594176713, 0.031002488069455412, 0.3023716738584506, 0.044908728275913745, 0.14309625557678587, 0.113879665959736, 0.28557774142143044, 0.1279422911335988, 0.10173687667120249, -0.23398148750694578, 0.12563636088743807, -0.017978218666223043]
|
1,803.05919
|
Capturing near-equilibrium solutions: a comparison between high-order
discontinuous Galerkin methods and well-balanced schemes
|
Equilibrium or stationary solutions usually proceed through the exact balance
between hyperbolic transport terms and source terms. Such equilibrium solutions
are affected by truncation errors that prevent any classical numerical scheme
from capturing the evolution of small amplitude waves of physical significance.
In order to overcome this problem, we compare two commonly adopted strategies:
going to very high order and reduce drastically the truncation errors on the
equilibrium solution, or design a specific scheme that preserves by
construction the equilibrium exactly, the so-called well-balanced approach. We
present a modern numerical implementation of these two strategies and compare
them in details, using hydrostatic but also dynamical equilibrium solutions of
several simple test cases. Finally, we apply our methodology to the simulation
of a protoplanetary disc in centrifugal equilibrium around its star and model
its interaction with an embedded planet, illustrating in a realistic
application the strength of both methods.
|
math.NA astro-ph.IM cs.NA
|
equilibrium or stationary solutions usually proceed through the exact balance between hyperbolic transport terms and source terms such equilibrium solutions are affected by truncation errors that prevent any classical numerical scheme from capturing the evolution of small amplitude waves of physical significance in order to overcome this problem we compare two commonly adopted strategies going to very high order and reduce drastically the truncation errors on the equilibrium solution or design a specific scheme that preserves by construction the equilibrium exactly the socalled wellbalanced approach we present a modern numerical implementation of these two strategies and compare them in details using hydrostatic but also dynamical equilibrium solutions of several simple test cases finally we apply our methodology to the simulation of a protoplanetary disc in centrifugal equilibrium around its star and model its interaction with an embedded planet illustrating in a realistic application the strength of both methods
|
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|
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|
1,803.0592
|
On the quantum entropy function in 4d gauged supergravity
|
We analyze BPS black hole attractors in the conformal 4d gauged supergravity
formalism and apply the technique known as supergravity localization in order
to evaluate Sen's quantum entropy function in the
$\mathrm{AdS}_2\!\times\!\mathrm{S}^2$ near-horizon geometry. Under certain
assumptions, we reduce the exact expression of the functional integral to a
finite-dimensional integral for a number of supersymmetric black holes in
gauged supergravity with AdS asymptotics subject to a holographic description
via a dual field theory. Examples include the asymptotically
$\mathrm{AdS}_4\!\times\!\mathrm{S}^7$ Cacciatori-Klemm black holes in M-theory
and the asymptotically $\mathrm{AdS}_5\!\times\!\mathrm{S}^5$ generalizations
of Gutowski-Reall black holes and Benini-Bobev black strings in type IIB, as
well as the recently constructed asymptotically
$\mathrm{AdS}_4\!\times\!\mathrm{S}^6$ solutions in massive type IIA. Our
results provide an important first step towards a gravitational counterpart to
the exact evaluation of supersymmetric partition functions at finite $N$ for
the holographically dual field theories in these examples.
|
hep-th
|
we analyze bps black hole attractors in the conformal 4d gauged supergravity formalism and apply the technique known as supergravity localization in order to evaluate sens quantum entropy function in the mathrmads_2timesmathrms2 nearhorizon geometry under certain assumptions we reduce the exact expression of the functional integral to a finitedimensional integral for a number of supersymmetric black holes in gauged supergravity with ads asymptotics subject to a holographic description via a dual field theory examples include the asymptotically mathrmads_4timesmathrms7 cacciatoriklemm black holes in mtheory and the asymptotically mathrmads_5timesmathrms5 generalizations of gutowskireall black holes and beninibobev black strings in type iib as well as the recently constructed asymptotically mathrmads_4timesmathrms6 solutions in massive type iia our results provide an important first step towards a gravitational counterpart to the exact evaluation of supersymmetric partition functions at finite n for the holographically dual field theories in these examples
|
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|
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|
1,803.05921
|
Thermodynamics of bosonic systems in adS spacetime
|
We analyze the thermodynamics of massless bosonic systems in D-dimensional
anti-de Sitter spacetime, considering scalar, electromagnetic, and
gravitational fields. Their dynamics are described by Poschl-Teller effective
potentials and quantized in a unified framework, with the determination of the
associated energy spectra. From the microscopic description developed, a
macroscopic thermodynamic treatment is proposed, where an effective volume in
anti-de Sitter geometry is defined and a suitable thermodynamic limit is
considered. Partition functions are constructed for the bosonic gases, allowing
the determination of several thermodynamic quantities of interest. With the
obtained results, general aspects of the thermodynamics are explored.
|
hep-th cond-mat.stat-mech gr-qc
|
we analyze the thermodynamics of massless bosonic systems in ddimensional antide sitter spacetime considering scalar electromagnetic and gravitational fields their dynamics are described by poschlteller effective potentials and quantized in a unified framework with the determination of the associated energy spectra from the microscopic description developed a macroscopic thermodynamic treatment is proposed where an effective volume in antide sitter geometry is defined and a suitable thermodynamic limit is considered partition functions are constructed for the bosonic gases allowing the determination of several thermodynamic quantities of interest with the obtained results general aspects of the thermodynamics are explored
|
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|
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|
1,803.05922
|
Lithium abundance patterns of late-F stars: an in-depth analysis of the
lithium desert
|
We address the existence and origin of the lithium (Li) desert, a region in
the Li - T_eff plane sparsely populated by stars. Here we analyze some of the
explanations that have been suggested for this region, including mixing in the
late main sequence, a Li dip origin for stars with low Li abundances in the
region, and a possible relation with the presence of planets. To study the Li
desert, we measured the atmospheric parameters and Li abundance of 227 late-F
dwarfs and subgiants, chosen to be in the T_eff range of the desert and without
previous Li abundance measurements. Subsequently, we complemented those with
literature data to obtain a homogeneous catalog of 2318 stars, for which we
compute masses and ages. We characterize stars surrounding the region of the Li
desert. We conclude that stars with low Li abundances below the desert are more
massive and more evolved than stars above the desert. Given the unexpected
presence of low Li abundance stars in this effective temperature range, we
concentrate on finding their origin. We conclude that these stars with low Li
abundance do not evolve from stars above the desert: at a given mass, stars
with low Li (i.e., below the desert) are more metal-poor. Instead, we suggest
that stars below the Li desert are consistent with having evolved from the Li
dip, discarding the need to invoke additional mixing to explain this feature.
Thus, stars below the Li desert are not peculiar and are only distinguished
from other subgiants evolved from the Li dip in that their combination of
atmospheric parameters locates them in a range of effective temperatures where
otherwise only high Li abundance stars would be found (i.e., stars above the
desert).
|
astro-ph.SR
|
we address the existence and origin of the lithium li desert a region in the li t_eff plane sparsely populated by stars here we analyze some of the explanations that have been suggested for this region including mixing in the late main sequence a li dip origin for stars with low li abundances in the region and a possible relation with the presence of planets to study the li desert we measured the atmospheric parameters and li abundance of 227 latef dwarfs and subgiants chosen to be in the t_eff range of the desert and without previous li abundance measurements subsequently we complemented those with literature data to obtain a homogeneous catalog of 2318 stars for which we compute masses and ages we characterize stars surrounding the region of the li desert we conclude that stars with low li abundances below the desert are more massive and more evolved than stars above the desert given the unexpected presence of low li abundance stars in this effective temperature range we concentrate on finding their origin we conclude that these stars with low li abundance do not evolve from stars above the desert at a given mass stars with low li ie below the desert are more metalpoor instead we suggest that stars below the li desert are consistent with having evolved from the li dip discarding the need to invoke additional mixing to explain this feature thus stars below the li desert are not peculiar and are only distinguished from other subgiants evolved from the li dip in that their combination of atmospheric parameters locates them in a range of effective temperatures where otherwise only high li abundance stars would be found ie stars above the desert
|
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|
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|
1,803.05923
|
ALMA Survey of Lupus Protoplanetary Disks II: Gas Disk Radii
|
We present ALMA Band 6 observations of a complete sample of protoplanetary
disks in the young (1-3 Myr) Lupus star-forming region, covering the 1.33 mm
continuum and the 12CO, 13CO, and C18O J=2-1 lines. The spatial resolution is
0.25 arcsec with a medium 3-sigma continuum sensitivity of 0.30 mJy,
corresponding to M_dust ~ 0.2 M_earth. We apply "Keplerian masking" to enhance
the signal-to-noise ratios of our 12CO zero-moment maps, enabling measurements
of gas disk radii for 22 Lupus disks; we find that gas disks are universally
larger than mm dust disks by a factor of two on average, likely due to a
combination of the optically thick gas emission as well as the growth and
inward drift of the dust. Using the gas disk radii, we calculate the
dimensionless viscosity parameter, alpha_visc, finding a broad distribution and
no correlations with other disk or stellar parameters, suggesting that viscous
processes have not yet established quasi-steady states in Lupus disks. By
combining our 1.33 mm continuum fluxes with our previous 890 micron continuum
observations, we also calculate the mm spectral index, alpha_mm, for 70 Lupus
disks; we find an anti-correlation between alpha_mm and mm flux for low-mass
disks (M_dust < 5), followed by a flattening as disks approach alpha_mm = 2,
which could indicate faster grain growth in higher-mass disks, but may also
reflect their larger optically thick components. In sum, this work demonstrates
the continuous stream of new insights into disk evolution and planet formation
that can be gleaned from unbiased ALMA disk surveys.
|
astro-ph.EP
|
we present alma band 6 observations of a complete sample of protoplanetary disks in the young 13 myr lupus starforming region covering the 133 mm continuum and the 12co 13co and c18o j21 lines the spatial resolution is 025 arcsec with a medium 3sigma continuum sensitivity of 030 mjy corresponding to m_dust 02 m_earth we apply keplerian masking to enhance the signaltonoise ratios of our 12co zeromoment maps enabling measurements of gas disk radii for 22 lupus disks we find that gas disks are universally larger than mm dust disks by a factor of two on average likely due to a combination of the optically thick gas emission as well as the growth and inward drift of the dust using the gas disk radii we calculate the dimensionless viscosity parameter alpha_visc finding a broad distribution and no correlations with other disk or stellar parameters suggesting that viscous processes have not yet established quasisteady states in lupus disks by combining our 133 mm continuum fluxes with our previous 890 micron continuum observations we also calculate the mm spectral index alpha_mm for 70 lupus disks we find an anticorrelation between alpha_mm and mm flux for lowmass disks m_dust 5 followed by a flattening as disks approach alpha_mm 2 which could indicate faster grain growth in highermass disks but may also reflect their larger optically thick components in sum this work demonstrates the continuous stream of new insights into disk evolution and planet formation that can be gleaned from unbiased alma disk surveys
|
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|
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|
1,803.05924
|
Investigating the Metallicity-Mixing Length Relation
|
Stellar models typically use the mixing length approximation as a way to
implement convection in a simplified manner. While conventionally the value of
the mixing length parameter, $\alpha$, used is the solar calibrated value, many
studies have shown that other values of $\alpha$ are needed to properly model
stars. This uncertainty in the value of the mixing length parameter is a major
source of error in stellar models and isochrones. Using asteroseismic data, we
determine the value of the mixing length parameter required to properly model a
set of about 450 stars ranging in $\log g$, $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$, and
$\mathrm{[Fe/H]}$. The relationship between the value of $\alpha$ required and
the properties of the star is then investigated. For Eddington atmosphere,
non-diffusion models, we find that the value of $\alpha$ can be approximated by
a linear model, in the form of $\alpha/\alpha_{\odot}=5.426 -0.101 \log (g)
-1.071 \log (T_{\mathrm{eff}}) + 0.437 (\mathrm{[Fe/H]})$. This process is
repeated using a variety of model physics as well as compared to previous
studies and results from 3D convective simulations.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
stellar models typically use the mixing length approximation as a way to implement convection in a simplified manner while conventionally the value of the mixing length parameter alpha used is the solar calibrated value many studies have shown that other values of alpha are needed to properly model stars this uncertainty in the value of the mixing length parameter is a major source of error in stellar models and isochrones using asteroseismic data we determine the value of the mixing length parameter required to properly model a set of about 450 stars ranging in log g t_mathrmeff and mathrmfeh the relationship between the value of alpha required and the properties of the star is then investigated for eddington atmosphere nondiffusion models we find that the value of alpha can be approximated by a linear model in the form of alphaalpha_odot5426 0101 log g 1071 log t_mathrmeff 0437 mathrmfeh this process is repeated using a variety of model physics as well as compared to previous studies and results from 3d convective simulations
|
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|
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|
1,803.05925
|
Update on the X-ray variability plane for active galactic nuclei: The
role of the obscuration
|
Scaling relations are the most powerful astrophysical tools to set
constraints to the physical mechanisms of astro- nomical sources and to infer
properties that cannot be accessed directly. We re-investigate here one of
these scaling relations in active galactic nuclei (AGN); the so-called X-ray
variability plane (or mass-luminosity-timescale relation, McHardy et al. 2006).
This relation links the power-spectral density (PSD) break frequency with the
super-massive black hole (SMBH) mass and the bolometric luminosity. We used
available XMM -Newton observations of a sample of 22 AGN to study the PSD and
spectra in short segments within each observation. This allows us to report for
the first time that the PSD break frequency varies for each object, showing
variations in 19 out of the 22 AGN analyzed. Our analysis of the variability
plane confirms the relation between the break frequency and the SMBH mass and
finds that the obscuration along the line of sight NH (or the variations on the
obscuration using its standard deviation, $\rm{\Delta}$(NH)) is also a required
parameter, at least for the range of frequencies analyzed here
(3x10E-5-5x10E-2Hz). We constrain a new variability plane of the form:
log($\nu_{Break}$) = (-0.589$\rm{\pm}$0.005) log(MBH ) + (0.10$\rm{\pm}$0.01)
log(NH ) - (1.5$\rm{\pm}$0.3) (or
log($\nu_{Break}$)=(-0.549$\rm{\pm}$0.009)log(MBH)+(0.56$\rm{\pm}$0.06)$\rm{\Delta}$(NH)+(0.19$\rm{\pm}$0.08)).
The X-ray variability plane found by McHardy et al. (2006) is roughly recovered
when we use unobscured segments. We speculate that this behavior is well
explained if most of the reported frequencies are related to inner clouds
(within 1pc), following Kepler orbits under the gravitational field of the
SMBH.
|
astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE
|
scaling relations are the most powerful astrophysical tools to set constraints to the physical mechanisms of astro nomical sources and to infer properties that cannot be accessed directly we reinvestigate here one of these scaling relations in active galactic nuclei agn the socalled xray variability plane or massluminositytimescale relation mchardy et al 2006 this relation links the powerspectral density psd break frequency with the supermassive black hole smbh mass and the bolometric luminosity we used available xmm newton observations of a sample of 22 agn to study the psd and spectra in short segments within each observation this allows us to report for the first time that the psd break frequency varies for each object showing variations in 19 out of the 22 agn analyzed our analysis of the variability plane confirms the relation between the break frequency and the smbh mass and finds that the obscuration along the line of sight nh or the variations on the obscuration using its standard deviation rmdeltanh is also a required parameter at least for the range of frequencies analyzed here 3x10e55x10e2hz we constrain a new variability plane of the form lognu_break 0589rmpm0005 logmbh 010rmpm001 lognh 15rmpm03 or lognu_break0549rmpm0009logmbh056rmpm006rmdeltanh019rmpm008 the xray variability plane found by mchardy et al 2006 is roughly recovered when we use unobscured segments we speculate that this behavior is well explained if most of the reported frequencies are related to inner clouds within 1pc following kepler orbits under the gravitational field of the smbh
|
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|
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|
1,803.05926
|
Learning meets Assessment: On the relation between Item Response Theory
and Bayesian Knowledge Tracing
|
Few models have been more ubiquitous in their respective fields than Bayesian
knowledge tracing and item response theory. Both of these models were developed
to analyze data on learners. However, the study designs that these models are
designed for differ; Bayesian knowledge tracing is designed to analyze
longitudinal data while item response theory is built for cross-sectional data.
This paper illustrates a fundamental connection between these two models.
Specifically, the stationary distribution of the latent variable and the
observed response variable in Bayesian knowledge Tracing are related to an item
response theory model. This connection between these two models highlights a
key missing component: the role of education in these models. A research agenda
is outlined which answers how to move forward with modeling learner data.
%Furthermore, recent advances in network psychometrics demonstrate how this
relationship can be exploited and generalized to a network model.
|
stat.ME
|
few models have been more ubiquitous in their respective fields than bayesian knowledge tracing and item response theory both of these models were developed to analyze data on learners however the study designs that these models are designed for differ bayesian knowledge tracing is designed to analyze longitudinal data while item response theory is built for crosssectional data this paper illustrates a fundamental connection between these two models specifically the stationary distribution of the latent variable and the observed response variable in bayesian knowledge tracing are related to an item response theory model this connection between these two models highlights a key missing component the role of education in these models a research agenda is outlined which answers how to move forward with modeling learner data furthermore recent advances in network psychometrics demonstrate how this relationship can be exploited and generalized to a network model
|
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|
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|
1,803.05927
|
Galactic Rotation from Cepheids with Gaia DR2 and Effects of
Non-Axisymmetry
|
We apply a simple axisymmetric disc model to 218 Galactic Cepheids whose
accurate measurements of the distance and velocities are obtained by
cross-matching an existing Cepheids catalogue with the Gaia DR2 data. Our model
fit determines the "local centrifugal speed", $V_\mathrm{c}$ $-$ defined as the
rotation speed required to balance the local radial gravitational force $-$ at
the Sun's location to be $V_{c}(R_0)=236\pm 3$ km s$^{-1}$ and the Sun's
azimuthal and radial peculiar motions to be $V_{\odot}=12.4\pm0.7$ km s$^{-1}$
and $U_{\odot}=7.7\pm0.9$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. These results are obtained
with strong priors on the solar radius, $R_0=8.2\pm0.1$ kpc, and Sun's angular
rotation velocity, $\Omega_{\odot}=30.24\pm0.12$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$. We
also applied the axisymmetric model to mock data from an N-body/hydrodynamic
simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy with a bar and spiral arms. We find that
our axisymmetric model fit to the young stars recovers the local centrifugal
speed reasonably well, even in the face of significant non-axisymmetry.
However, the local centrifugal speed determined from our Cepheid sample could
suffer from systematic uncertainty as large as 6 km s$^{-1}$.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we apply a simple axisymmetric disc model to 218 galactic cepheids whose accurate measurements of the distance and velocities are obtained by crossmatching an existing cepheids catalogue with the gaia dr2 data our model fit determines the local centrifugal speed v_mathrmc defined as the rotation speed required to balance the local radial gravitational force at the suns location to be v_cr_0236pm 3 km s1 and the suns azimuthal and radial peculiar motions to be v_odot124pm07 km s1 and u_odot77pm09 km s1 respectively these results are obtained with strong priors on the solar radius r_082pm01 kpc and suns angular rotation velocity omega_odot3024pm012 km s1 kpc1 we also applied the axisymmetric model to mock data from an nbodyhydrodynamic simulation of a milky waylike galaxy with a bar and spiral arms we find that our axisymmetric model fit to the young stars recovers the local centrifugal speed reasonably well even in the face of significant nonaxisymmetry however the local centrifugal speed determined from our cepheid sample could suffer from systematic uncertainty as large as 6 km s1
|
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|
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|
1,803.05928
|
RankME: Reliable Human Ratings for Natural Language Generation
|
Human evaluation for natural language generation (NLG) often suffers from
inconsistent user ratings. While previous research tends to attribute this
problem to individual user preferences, we show that the quality of human
judgements can also be improved by experimental design. We present a novel
rank-based magnitude estimation method (RankME), which combines the use of
continuous scales and relative assessments. We show that RankME significantly
improves the reliability and consistency of human ratings compared to
traditional evaluation methods. In addition, we show that it is possible to
evaluate NLG systems according to multiple, distinct criteria, which is
important for error analysis. Finally, we demonstrate that RankME, in
combination with Bayesian estimation of system quality, is a cost-effective
alternative for ranking multiple NLG systems.
|
cs.CL
|
human evaluation for natural language generation nlg often suffers from inconsistent user ratings while previous research tends to attribute this problem to individual user preferences we show that the quality of human judgements can also be improved by experimental design we present a novel rankbased magnitude estimation method rankme which combines the use of continuous scales and relative assessments we show that rankme significantly improves the reliability and consistency of human ratings compared to traditional evaluation methods in addition we show that it is possible to evaluate nlg systems according to multiple distinct criteria which is important for error analysis finally we demonstrate that rankme in combination with bayesian estimation of system quality is a costeffective alternative for ranking multiple nlg systems
|
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|
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|
1,803.05929
|
Remarks on Donaldson's symplectic submanifolds
|
This paper presents a few remarks about the topology of symplectic hyperplane
sections and the geometry of their complements. In particular, it contains a
detailed proof of the following result already stated with hints in [Gi]: for
sufficiently large degrees, the complements of Donaldson's symplectic
hyperplane sections are naturally Weinstein --- and less naturally Stein ---
manifolds.
|
math.SG
|
this paper presents a few remarks about the topology of symplectic hyperplane sections and the geometry of their complements in particular it contains a detailed proof of the following result already stated with hints in gi for sufficiently large degrees the complements of donaldsons symplectic hyperplane sections are naturally weinstein and less naturally stein manifolds
|
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|
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|
1,803.0593
|
Research and Development Workstation Environment: the new class of
Current Research Information Systems
|
Against the backdrop of the development of modern technologies in the field
of scientific research the new class of Current Research Information Systems
(CRIS) and related intelligent information technologies has arisen. It was
called - Research and Development Workstation Environment (RDWE) - the
comprehensive problem-oriented information systems for scientific research and
development lifecycle support. The given paper describes design and development
fundamentals of the RDWE class systems. The RDWE class system's generalized
information model is represented in the article as a three-tuple composite web
service that include: a set of atomic web services, each of them can be
designed and developed as a microservice or a desktop application, that allows
them to be used as an independent software separately; a set of functions, the
functional filling-up of the Research and Development Workstation Environment;
a subset of atomic web services that are required to implement function of
composite web service. In accordance with the fundamental information model of
the RDWE class the system for supporting research in the field of ontology
engineering - the automated building of applied ontology in an arbitrary domain
area, scientific and technical creativity - the automated preparation of
application documents for patenting inventions in Ukraine was developed. It was
called - Personal Research Information System. A distinctive feature of such
systems is the possibility of their problematic orientation to various types of
scientific activities by combining on a variety of functional services and
adding new ones within the cloud integrated environment. The main results of
our work are focused on enhancing the effectiveness of the scientist's research
and development lifecycle in the arbitrary domain area.
|
cs.CY
|
against the backdrop of the development of modern technologies in the field of scientific research the new class of current research information systems cris and related intelligent information technologies has arisen it was called research and development workstation environment rdwe the comprehensive problemoriented information systems for scientific research and development lifecycle support the given paper describes design and development fundamentals of the rdwe class systems the rdwe class systems generalized information model is represented in the article as a threetuple composite web service that include a set of atomic web services each of them can be designed and developed as a microservice or a desktop application that allows them to be used as an independent software separately a set of functions the functional fillingup of the research and development workstation environment a subset of atomic web services that are required to implement function of composite web service in accordance with the fundamental information model of the rdwe class the system for supporting research in the field of ontology engineering the automated building of applied ontology in an arbitrary domain area scientific and technical creativity the automated preparation of application documents for patenting inventions in ukraine was developed it was called personal research information system a distinctive feature of such systems is the possibility of their problematic orientation to various types of scientific activities by combining on a variety of functional services and adding new ones within the cloud integrated environment the main results of our work are focused on enhancing the effectiveness of the scientists research and development lifecycle in the arbitrary domain area
|
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|
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|
1,803.05931
|
The role of surface tension gradient in determining microscopic dynamic
contact angle
|
Following Gibb's interpretation of an interface as a dividing surface, we
derive a model for the microscopic dynamic contact angle by writing a force
balance for a control volume encompassing the interfaces and the contact line.
In doing so we identify that, in addition to the surface tension of respective
interfaces, the gradient of surface tension plays an important role in
determining the dynamic contact angle. This is because not only does it
contribute towards an additional force, but it also accounts for the deviation
of local surface tension from its static equilibrium value. It is shown that
this gradient in surface tension can be attributed to the convective
acceleration in the vicinity of the contact line, which in turn is a direct
result of varying degree of slip in that region. In addition, we provide
evidence that this gradient in surface tension is one of the key factors
responsible for the difference in contact angle at the leading and trailing
edge, of a steadily moving contact line. These findings are validated using
molecular dynamics simulations.
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
following gibbs interpretation of an interface as a dividing surface we derive a model for the microscopic dynamic contact angle by writing a force balance for a control volume encompassing the interfaces and the contact line in doing so we identify that in addition to the surface tension of respective interfaces the gradient of surface tension plays an important role in determining the dynamic contact angle this is because not only does it contribute towards an additional force but it also accounts for the deviation of local surface tension from its static equilibrium value it is shown that this gradient in surface tension can be attributed to the convective acceleration in the vicinity of the contact line which in turn is a direct result of varying degree of slip in that region in addition we provide evidence that this gradient in surface tension is one of the key factors responsible for the difference in contact angle at the leading and trailing edge of a steadily moving contact line these findings are validated using molecular dynamics simulations
|
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|
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|
1,803.05932
|
Multilevel Monte Carlo Method for Ergodic SDEs without Contractivity
|
This paper proposes a new multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method for the
ergodic SDEs which do not satisfy the contractivity condition. By introducing
the change of measure technique, we simulate the path with contractivity and
add the Radon-Nykodim derivative to the estimator. We can show the strong error
of the path is uniformly bounded with respect to $T.$ Moreover, the variance of
the new level estimators increase linearly in $T,$ which is a great reduction
compared with the exponential increase in standard MLMC. Then the total
computational cost is reduced to $O(\varepsilon^{-2}|\log \varepsilon|^{2})$
from $O(\varepsilon^{-3}|\log \varepsilon|)$ of the standard Monte Carlo
method. Numerical experiments support our analysis.
|
math.NA math.PR
|
this paper proposes a new multilevel monte carlo mlmc method for the ergodic sdes which do not satisfy the contractivity condition by introducing the change of measure technique we simulate the path with contractivity and add the radonnykodim derivative to the estimator we can show the strong error of the path is uniformly bounded with respect to t moreover the variance of the new level estimators increase linearly in t which is a great reduction compared with the exponential increase in standard mlmc then the total computational cost is reduced to ovarepsilon2log varepsilon2 from ovarepsilon3log varepsilon of the standard monte carlo method numerical experiments support our analysis
|
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|
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|
1,803.05933
|
Some Closure Results for Polynomial Factorization and Applications
|
In a sequence of seminal results in the 80's, Kaltofen showed that the
complexity class VP is closed under taking factors. A natural question in this
context is to understand if other natural classes of multivariate polynomials,
for instance, arithmetic formulas, algebraic branching programs, bounded depth
arithmetic circuits or the class VNP, are closed under taking factors.
In this paper, we show that all factors of degree at most $\log^a n$ of
polynomials with poly(n) size depth $k$ circuits have poly(n) size circuits of
depth at most $O(k + a)$. This partially answers a question of
Shpilka-Yehudayoff and has applications to hardness-randomness tradeoffs for
bounded depth arithmetic circuits. More precisely, this shows that a
superpolynomial lower bound for bounded depth arithmetic circuits, for a family
of explicit polynomials of degree poly$(\log n)$ implies deterministic
sub-exponential time algorithms for polynomial identity testing (PIT) for
bounded depth arithmetic circuits. This is incomparable to a beautiful result
of Dvir et al., where they showed that super-polynomial lower bounds for
constant depth arithmetic circuits for any explicit family of polynomials (of
potentially high degree) implies sub-exponential time deterministic PIT for
bounded depth circuits of bounded individual degree. Thus, we remove the
"bounded individual degree" condition in [DSY09] at the cost of strengthening
the hardness assumption to hold for polynomials of low degree.
As direct applications of our techniques, we also show that the complexity
class VNP is closed under taking factors, thereby confirming a conjecture of
B\"urgisser and get an alternate proof of the fact (first shown by Dutta et
al.) that if a polynomial $Q$ of degree at most $d$ divides a polynomial $P$
computable by a formula of size $s$, then $Q$ has a formula of size at most
poly$(s, d^{\log d}, deg(P))$.
|
cs.CC
|
in a sequence of seminal results in the 80s kaltofen showed that the complexity class vp is closed under taking factors a natural question in this context is to understand if other natural classes of multivariate polynomials for instance arithmetic formulas algebraic branching programs bounded depth arithmetic circuits or the class vnp are closed under taking factors in this paper we show that all factors of degree at most loga n of polynomials with polyn size depth k circuits have polyn size circuits of depth at most ok a this partially answers a question of shpilkayehudayoff and has applications to hardnessrandomness tradeoffs for bounded depth arithmetic circuits more precisely this shows that a superpolynomial lower bound for bounded depth arithmetic circuits for a family of explicit polynomials of degree polylog n implies deterministic subexponential time algorithms for polynomial identity testing pit for bounded depth arithmetic circuits this is incomparable to a beautiful result of dvir et al where they showed that superpolynomial lower bounds for constant depth arithmetic circuits for any explicit family of polynomials of potentially high degree implies subexponential time deterministic pit for bounded depth circuits of bounded individual degree thus we remove the bounded individual degree condition in dsy09 at the cost of strengthening the hardness assumption to hold for polynomials of low degree as direct applications of our techniques we also show that the complexity class vnp is closed under taking factors thereby confirming a conjecture of burgisser and get an alternate proof of the fact first shown by dutta et al that if a polynomial q of degree at most d divides a polynomial p computable by a formula of size s then q has a formula of size at most polys dlog d degp
|
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|
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|
1,803.05934
|
Dual solutions for opposing mixed convection in porous media
|
The problem of steady mixed convection boundary-layer flow on a cooled
vertical permeable circular cylinder embedded in a fluid-saturated porous
medium is studied. Here, we evaluate the flow and heat transfer characteristics
numerically for various values of the governing parameters and demonstrate the
existence of dual solutions beyond a critical point.
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
the problem of steady mixed convection boundarylayer flow on a cooled vertical permeable circular cylinder embedded in a fluidsaturated porous medium is studied here we evaluate the flow and heat transfer characteristics numerically for various values of the governing parameters and demonstrate the existence of dual solutions beyond a critical point
|
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|
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|
1,803.05935
|
CIM/E Oriented Graph Database Model Architecture and Parallel Network
Topology Processing
|
CIM/E is an easy and efficient electric power model exchange standard between
different Energy Management System vendors. With the rapid growth of data size
and system complexity, the traditional relational database is not the best
option to store and process the data. In contrast, the graph database and graph
computation show their potential advantages to handle the power system data and
perform real-time data analytics and computation. The graph concept fits power
grid data naturally because of the fundamental structure similarity. Vertex and
edge in the graph database can act as both a parallel storage unit and a
computation unit. In this paper, the CIM/E data is modeled into the graph
database. Based on this model, the parallel network topology processing
algorithm is established and conducted by applying graph computation. The
modeling and parallel network topology processing have been demonstrated in the
modified IEEE test cases and practical Sichuan power network. The processing
efficiency is greatly improved using the proposed method.
|
cs.DC
|
cime is an easy and efficient electric power model exchange standard between different energy management system vendors with the rapid growth of data size and system complexity the traditional relational database is not the best option to store and process the data in contrast the graph database and graph computation show their potential advantages to handle the power system data and perform realtime data analytics and computation the graph concept fits power grid data naturally because of the fundamental structure similarity vertex and edge in the graph database can act as both a parallel storage unit and a computation unit in this paper the cime data is modeled into the graph database based on this model the parallel network topology processing algorithm is established and conducted by applying graph computation the modeling and parallel network topology processing have been demonstrated in the modified ieee test cases and practical sichuan power network the processing efficiency is greatly improved using the proposed method
|
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|
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|
1,803.05936
|
Mapping Disorder in Entropically Ordered Crystals
|
Systems of hard shapes crystallize due to entropy. How is entropy distributed
among translational and rotational microscopic contributions? We answer this
question by decomposing thermal fluctuation of crystals of hard hexagons into
collective modes, a generalization and quantification of the Onsager picture of
hard rod liquid crystals. We show that at densities both near densest packing
and near the solid-hexatic melting transition, solids of hard regular hexagons
hold most of their entropy in translational degrees of freedom.
|
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech
|
systems of hard shapes crystallize due to entropy how is entropy distributed among translational and rotational microscopic contributions we answer this question by decomposing thermal fluctuation of crystals of hard hexagons into collective modes a generalization and quantification of the onsager picture of hard rod liquid crystals we show that at densities both near densest packing and near the solidhexatic melting transition solids of hard regular hexagons hold most of their entropy in translational degrees of freedom
|
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|
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|
1,803.05937
|
Definable decompositions for graphs of bounded linear cliquewidth
|
We prove that for every positive integer k, there exists an
MSO_1-transduction that given a graph of linear cliquewidth at most k outputs,
nondeterministically, some cliquewidth decomposition of the graph of width
bounded by a function of k. A direct corollary of this result is the
equivalence of the notions of CMSO_1-definability and recognizability on graphs
of bounded linear cliquewidth.
|
cs.LO
|
we prove that for every positive integer k there exists an mso_1transduction that given a graph of linear cliquewidth at most k outputs nondeterministically some cliquewidth decomposition of the graph of width bounded by a function of k a direct corollary of this result is the equivalence of the notions of cmso_1definability and recognizability on graphs of bounded linear cliquewidth
|
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|
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|
1,803.05938
|
Low Rank plus Sparse Decomposition of ODFs for Improved Detection of
Group-level Differences and Variable Correlations in White Matter
|
A novel approach is presented for group statistical analysis of diffusion
weighted MRI datasets through voxelwise Orientation Distribution Functions
(ODF). Recent advances in MRI acquisition make it possible to use high quality
diffusion weighted protocols (multi-shell, large number of gradient directions)
for routine in vivo study of white matter architecture. The dimensionality of
these data sets is however often reduced to simplify statistical analysis.
While these approaches may detect large group differences, they do not fully
capitalize on all acquired image volumes. Incorporation of all available
diffusion information in the analysis however risks biasing the outcome by
outliers. Here we propose a statistical analysis method operating on the ODF,
either the diffusion ODF or fiber ODF. To avoid outlier bias and reliably
detect voxelwise group differences and correlations with demographic or
behavioral variables, we apply the Low-Rank plus Sparse (L + S) matrix
decomposition on the voxelwise ODFs which separates the sparse individual
variability in the sparse matrix S whilst recovering the essential ODF features
in the low-rank matrix L. We demonstrate the performance of this ODF L + S
approach by replicating the established negative association between global
white matter integrity and physical obesity in the Human Connectome dataset.
The volume of positive findings agrees with and expands on the volume found by
TBSS, Connectivity based fixel enhancement and Connectometry. In the same
dataset we further localize the correlations of brain structure with
neurocognitive measures such as fluid intelligence and episodic memory. The
presented ODF L + S approach will aid in the full utilization of all acquired
diffusion weightings leading to the detection of smaller group differences in
clinically relevant settings as well as in neuroscience applications.
|
physics.med-ph physics.bio-ph q-bio.NC
|
a novel approach is presented for group statistical analysis of diffusion weighted mri datasets through voxelwise orientation distribution functions odf recent advances in mri acquisition make it possible to use high quality diffusion weighted protocols multishell large number of gradient directions for routine in vivo study of white matter architecture the dimensionality of these data sets is however often reduced to simplify statistical analysis while these approaches may detect large group differences they do not fully capitalize on all acquired image volumes incorporation of all available diffusion information in the analysis however risks biasing the outcome by outliers here we propose a statistical analysis method operating on the odf either the diffusion odf or fiber odf to avoid outlier bias and reliably detect voxelwise group differences and correlations with demographic or behavioral variables we apply the lowrank plus sparse l s matrix decomposition on the voxelwise odfs which separates the sparse individual variability in the sparse matrix s whilst recovering the essential odf features in the lowrank matrix l we demonstrate the performance of this odf l s approach by replicating the established negative association between global white matter integrity and physical obesity in the human connectome dataset the volume of positive findings agrees with and expands on the volume found by tbss connectivity based fixel enhancement and connectometry in the same dataset we further localize the correlations of brain structure with neurocognitive measures such as fluid intelligence and episodic memory the presented odf l s approach will aid in the full utilization of all acquired diffusion weightings leading to the detection of smaller group differences in clinically relevant settings as well as in neuroscience applications
|
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|
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|
1,803.05939
|
Noise-induced rectification in out-of-equilibrium structures
|
We consider the motion of overdamped particles on random potentials subjected
to a Gaussian white noise and a time-dependent periodic external forcing. The
random potential is modeled as the potential resulting from the interaction of
a point particle with a random polymer. The random polymer is made up, by means
of some stochastic process, from a finite set of possible monomer types. The
process is assumed to reach a non-equilibrium stationary state, which means
that every realization of a random polymer can be considered as an
out-of-equilibrium structure. We show that the net flux of particles on this
random medium is non-vanishing when the potential profile on every monomer is
symmetric. We prove that this ratchet-like phenomenon is a consequence of the
irreversibility of the stochastic process generating the polymer. On the
contrary, when the process generating the polymer is at equilibrium (thus
fulfilling the detailed balance condition) the system is unable to rectify the
motion. We calculate the net flux of the particles in the adiabatic limit for a
simple model and we test our theoretical predictions by means of Langevin
dynamics simulations. We also show that, out of the adiabatic limit, the system
also exhibits current reversals as well as non-monotonic dependence of the
diffusion coefficient as a function of forcing amplitude.
|
cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech
|
we consider the motion of overdamped particles on random potentials subjected to a gaussian white noise and a timedependent periodic external forcing the random potential is modeled as the potential resulting from the interaction of a point particle with a random polymer the random polymer is made up by means of some stochastic process from a finite set of possible monomer types the process is assumed to reach a nonequilibrium stationary state which means that every realization of a random polymer can be considered as an outofequilibrium structure we show that the net flux of particles on this random medium is nonvanishing when the potential profile on every monomer is symmetric we prove that this ratchetlike phenomenon is a consequence of the irreversibility of the stochastic process generating the polymer on the contrary when the process generating the polymer is at equilibrium thus fulfilling the detailed balance condition the system is unable to rectify the motion we calculate the net flux of the particles in the adiabatic limit for a simple model and we test our theoretical predictions by means of langevin dynamics simulations we also show that out of the adiabatic limit the system also exhibits current reversals as well as nonmonotonic dependence of the diffusion coefficient as a function of forcing amplitude
|
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|
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|
1,803.0594
|
Smartphone picture organization: A hierarchical approach
|
We live in a society where the large majority of the population has a
camera-equipped smartphone. In addition, hard drives and cloud storage are
getting cheaper and cheaper, leading to a tremendous growth in stored personal
photos. Unlike photo collections captured by a digital camera, which typically
are pre-processed by the user who organizes them into event-related folders,
smartphone pictures are automatically stored in the cloud. As a consequence,
photo collections captured by a smartphone are highly unstructured and because
smartphones are ubiquitous, they present a larger variability compared to
pictures captured by a digital camera. To solve the need of organizing large
smartphone photo collections automatically, we propose here a new methodology
for hierarchical photo organization into topics and topic-related categories.
Our approach successfully estimates latent topics in the pictures by applying
probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis, and automatically assigns a name to
each topic by relying on a lexical database. Topic-related categories are then
estimated by using a set of topic-specific Convolutional Neuronal Networks. To
validate our approach, we ensemble and make public a large dataset of more than
8,000 smartphone pictures from 10 persons. Experimental results demonstrate
better user satisfaction with respect to state of the art solutions in terms of
organization.
|
cs.CV
|
we live in a society where the large majority of the population has a cameraequipped smartphone in addition hard drives and cloud storage are getting cheaper and cheaper leading to a tremendous growth in stored personal photos unlike photo collections captured by a digital camera which typically are preprocessed by the user who organizes them into eventrelated folders smartphone pictures are automatically stored in the cloud as a consequence photo collections captured by a smartphone are highly unstructured and because smartphones are ubiquitous they present a larger variability compared to pictures captured by a digital camera to solve the need of organizing large smartphone photo collections automatically we propose here a new methodology for hierarchical photo organization into topics and topicrelated categories our approach successfully estimates latent topics in the pictures by applying probabilistic latent semantic analysis and automatically assigns a name to each topic by relying on a lexical database topicrelated categories are then estimated by using a set of topicspecific convolutional neuronal networks to validate our approach we ensemble and make public a large dataset of more than 8000 smartphone pictures from 10 persons experimental results demonstrate better user satisfaction with respect to state of the art solutions in terms of organization
|
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|
[-0.04056100587203058, 0.06339382546310149, -0.07073579339981627, 0.08197531081946093, -0.1273200349567239, -0.15997247468890147, 0.06424586089925986, 0.4035341470415576, -0.2558959892211372, -0.3790607356809322, 0.08771528584503696, -0.3454395259420077, -0.13511715723685555, 0.20985914830931043, -0.14194922510068864, 0.01257530682008056, 0.10420850597267203, 0.061997609254082334, 0.011847623647875427, -0.2675507817344338, 0.3037098889677402, -0.001636167157295288, 0.3328850136900905, 0.001938301536332195, 0.09864442697817496, -0.009717173442956717, -0.08982546713805813, 0.032825635125810354, -0.03109399286468568, 0.20747359104650825, 0.3273460716990681, 0.2026719721924404, 0.32911409388921753, -0.4698428183830544, -0.16728479402338373, 0.04370905219705081, 0.14985657245615228, 0.09178863124928766, -0.07686502830898355, -0.4039998825949927, 0.12412599982766837, -0.22249945579781472, -0.00804732033672432, -0.13298548596075682, 0.012216239909677967, 0.03007103947953403, -0.23639695040479886, 0.01683662144305166, -0.0292002467481949, 0.1129747204854628, -0.05845501972134134, -0.058618487422719745, 0.003737941808318354, 0.20457613820897178, 0.010360321215058303, 0.005988162889729674, 0.18069557743672027, -0.18396128898751282, -0.0992840790357007, 0.3927687065968034, -0.0008742935669764775, -0.1721301291425548, 0.17951550026248464, -0.05457633623040701, -0.09387839135974098, 0.14711086834579998, 0.21442354515745013, 0.09497799616798933, -0.22441159182812506, -0.006229182092961399, -0.073500580900787, 0.22497177277874275, 0.05729489960603863, 0.009902423996405275, 0.22589638858449226, 0.21706455261400884, -0.003927346751808335, 0.12964422601918854, -0.07677499689495615, -0.08091283918075337, -0.17878783584398894, -0.10744786842420295, -0.1884302791760431, 0.014468990158467717, -0.0831014887915123, -0.1367409227931799, 0.38349457000674425, 0.20442179763246232, 0.2118058857854967, 0.044904020031133446, 0.35124690206173587, -0.01579883598313637, 0.1633709105289217, 0.08448376774436374, 0.07845840333674477, -0.023105762393028913, 0.19527424159505422, -0.06172390833586071, 0.09057881017489468, 0.053209802399043625]
|
1,803.05941
|
Excited States of Methylene, Polyenes, and Ozone from Heat-Bath
Configuration Interaction
|
The electronically excited states of methylene (CH$_2$), ethylene
(C$_2$H$_4$), butadiene (C$_4$H$_6$), hexatriene (C$_6$H$_8$), and ozone
(O$_3$) have long proven challenging due to their complex mixtures of static
and dynamic correlations. Semistochastic heat-bath configuration interaction
(SHCI), which efficiently and systematically approaches the full configuration
interaction (FCI) limit, is used to provide close approximations to the FCI
energies in these systems. This article presents the largest FCI-level
calculation to date -- on hexatriene using a polarized double-zeta basis
(ANO-L-pVDZ), which gives rise to a Hilbert space containing more than
$10^{38}$ determinants. These calculations give vertical excitation energies of
5.58 and 5.59 eV respectively for the $2^1{\rm A}_{\rm g}$ and $1^1{\rm B}_{\rm
u}$ states, showing that they are nearly degenerate. The same excitation
energies in butadiene/ANO-L-pVDZ were found to be 6.58 and 6.45 eV. In addition
to these benchmarks, our calculations strongly support the presence of a
previously hypothesized ring-minimum species of ozone that lies 1.3 eV higher
than the open-ring minimum energy structure and is separated from it by a
barrier of 1.11 eV.
|
physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph
|
the electronically excited states of methylene ch_2 ethylene c_2h_4 butadiene c_4h_6 hexatriene c_6h_8 and ozone o_3 have long proven challenging due to their complex mixtures of static and dynamic correlations semistochastic heatbath configuration interaction shci which efficiently and systematically approaches the full configuration interaction fci limit is used to provide close approximations to the fci energies in these systems this article presents the largest fcilevel calculation to date on hexatriene using a polarized doublezeta basis anolpvdz which gives rise to a hilbert space containing more than 1038 determinants these calculations give vertical excitation energies of 558 and 559 ev respectively for the 21rm a_rm g and 11rm b_rm u states showing that they are nearly degenerate the same excitation energies in butadieneanolpvdz were found to be 658 and 645 ev in addition to these benchmarks our calculations strongly support the presence of a previously hypothesized ringminimum species of ozone that lies 13 ev higher than the openring minimum energy structure and is separated from it by a barrier of 111 ev
|
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|
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|
1,803.05942
|
Adaptive Tube-based Nonlinear MPC for Ecological Autonomous Cruise
Control of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
|
This paper proposes an adaptive tube-based nonlinear model predictive control
(AT-NMPC) approach to the design of autonomous cruise control (ACC) systems.
The proposed method utilizes two separate models to define the constrained
receding horizon optimal control problem. A fixed nominal model is used to
handle the problem constraints based on a robust tube-based approach. A
separate adaptive model is used to define the objective function, which
utilizes least square online parameter estimators for adaption. By having two
separate models, this method takes into account uncertainties, modeling errors
and delayed data in the design of the controller and guaranties robust
constraint handling, while adapting to them to improve control performance.
Furthermore, to be able implement the designed AT-NMPC in real-time, a
Newton/GMRES fast solver is employed to solve the optimization problem.
Simulations performed on a high-fidelity model of the baseline vehicle, the
Toyota plug-in Prius, which is a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), show
that the proposed controller is able to handle the defined constraints in the
presence of uncertainty, while improving the energy cost of the trip. Moreover,
the result of the hardware-in-loop experiment demonstrates the performance of
the proposed controller in real time application.
|
cs.SY
|
this paper proposes an adaptive tubebased nonlinear model predictive control atnmpc approach to the design of autonomous cruise control acc systems the proposed method utilizes two separate models to define the constrained receding horizon optimal control problem a fixed nominal model is used to handle the problem constraints based on a robust tubebased approach a separate adaptive model is used to define the objective function which utilizes least square online parameter estimators for adaption by having two separate models this method takes into account uncertainties modeling errors and delayed data in the design of the controller and guaranties robust constraint handling while adapting to them to improve control performance furthermore to be able implement the designed atnmpc in realtime a newtongmres fast solver is employed to solve the optimization problem simulations performed on a highfidelity model of the baseline vehicle the toyota plugin prius which is a plugin hybrid electric vehicle phev show that the proposed controller is able to handle the defined constraints in the presence of uncertainty while improving the energy cost of the trip moreover the result of the hardwareinloop experiment demonstrates the performance of the proposed controller in real time application
|
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|
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|
1,803.05943
|
Closed form expressions for Appell polynomials
|
We show that any Appell sequence can be written in closed form as a forward
difference transformation of the identity. Such transformations are actually
multipliers in the abelian group of the Appell polynomials endowed with the
operation of binomial convolution. As a consequence, we obtain explicit
expressions for higher order convolution identities referring to various kinds
of Appell polynomials in terms of the Stirling numbers. Applications of the
preceding results to generalized Bernoulli and Apostol-Euler polynomials of
real order are discussed in detail.
|
math.NT
|
we show that any appell sequence can be written in closed form as a forward difference transformation of the identity such transformations are actually multipliers in the abelian group of the appell polynomials endowed with the operation of binomial convolution as a consequence we obtain explicit expressions for higher order convolution identities referring to various kinds of appell polynomials in terms of the stirling numbers applications of the preceding results to generalized bernoulli and apostoleuler polynomials of real order are discussed in detail
|
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|
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|
1,803.05944
|
$L^2$ concentration of blow-up solutions for the mass-critical NLS with
inverse-square potential
|
In this paper, we prove a refined version of a compactness lemma and we use
it to establish mass-concentration for the focusing nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger
equation with an inverse-square potential.
|
math.AP
|
in this paper we prove a refined version of a compactness lemma and we use it to establish massconcentration for the focusing nonlinear schrodinger equation with an inversesquare potential
|
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|
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|
1,803.05945
|
Analog simulator of integro-differential equations with classical
memristors
|
An analog computer makes use of continuously changeable quantities of a
system, such as its electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic properties, to solve a
given problem. While these devices are usually computationally more powerful
than their digital counterparts, they suffer from analog noise which does not
allow for error control. We will focus on analog computers based on active
electrical networks comprised of resistors, capacitors, and operational
amplifiers which are capable of simulating any linear ordinary differential
equation. However, the class of nonlinear dynamics they can solve is limited.
In this work, by adding memristors to the electrical network, we show that the
analog computer can simulate a large variety of linear and nonlinear
integro-differential equations by carefully choosing the conductance and the
dynamics of the memristor state variable. To the best of our knowledge, this is
the first time that circuits based on memristors are proposed for simulations.
We study the performance of these analog computers by simulating
integro-differential models related to fluid dynamics, nonlinear Volterra
equations for population growth, and quantum models describing non-Markovian
memory effects, among others. Finally, we perform stability tests by
considering imperfect analog components, obtaining robust solutions with up to
$13\%$ relative error for relevant timescales.
|
cs.ET cs.NE quant-ph
|
an analog computer makes use of continuously changeable quantities of a system such as its electrical mechanical or hydraulic properties to solve a given problem while these devices are usually computationally more powerful than their digital counterparts they suffer from analog noise which does not allow for error control we will focus on analog computers based on active electrical networks comprised of resistors capacitors and operational amplifiers which are capable of simulating any linear ordinary differential equation however the class of nonlinear dynamics they can solve is limited in this work by adding memristors to the electrical network we show that the analog computer can simulate a large variety of linear and nonlinear integrodifferential equations by carefully choosing the conductance and the dynamics of the memristor state variable to the best of our knowledge this is the first time that circuits based on memristors are proposed for simulations we study the performance of these analog computers by simulating integrodifferential models related to fluid dynamics nonlinear volterra equations for population growth and quantum models describing nonmarkovian memory effects among others finally we perform stability tests by considering imperfect analog components obtaining robust solutions with up to 13 relative error for relevant timescales
|
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|
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|
1,803.05946
|
An Optimal Algorithm to Compute the Inverse Beacon Attraction Region
|
The beacon model is a recent paradigm for guiding the trajectory of messages
or small robotic agents in complex environments. A beacon is a fixed point with
an attraction pull that can move points within a given polygon. Points move
greedily towards a beacon: if unobstructed, they move along a straight line to
the beacon, and otherwise they slide on the edges of the polygon. The Euclidean
distance from a moving point to a beacon is monotonically decreasing. A given
beacon attracts a point if the point eventually reaches the beacon.
The problem of attracting all points within a polygon with a set of beacons
can be viewed as a variation of the art gallery problem. Unlike most
variations, the beacon attraction has the intriguing property of being
asymmetric, leading to separate definitions of attraction region and inverse
attraction region. The attraction region of a beacon is the set of points that
it attracts. It is connected and can be computed in linear time for simple
polygons. By contrast, it is known that the inverse attraction region of a
point---the set of beacon positions that attract it---could have $\Omega(n)$
disjoint connected components.
In this paper, we prove that, in spite of this, the total complexity of the
inverse attraction region of a point in a simple polygon is linear, and present
a $O(n \log n)$ time algorithm to construct it. This improves upon the best
previous algorithm which required $O(n^3)$ time and $O(n^2)$ space. Furthermore
we prove a matching $\Omega(n\log n)$ lower bound for this task in the
algebraic computation tree model of computation, even if the polygon is
monotone.
|
cs.CG
|
the beacon model is a recent paradigm for guiding the trajectory of messages or small robotic agents in complex environments a beacon is a fixed point with an attraction pull that can move points within a given polygon points move greedily towards a beacon if unobstructed they move along a straight line to the beacon and otherwise they slide on the edges of the polygon the euclidean distance from a moving point to a beacon is monotonically decreasing a given beacon attracts a point if the point eventually reaches the beacon the problem of attracting all points within a polygon with a set of beacons can be viewed as a variation of the art gallery problem unlike most variations the beacon attraction has the intriguing property of being asymmetric leading to separate definitions of attraction region and inverse attraction region the attraction region of a beacon is the set of points that it attracts it is connected and can be computed in linear time for simple polygons by contrast it is known that the inverse attraction region of a pointthe set of beacon positions that attract itcould have omegan disjoint connected components in this paper we prove that in spite of this the total complexity of the inverse attraction region of a point in a simple polygon is linear and present a on log n time algorithm to construct it this improves upon the best previous algorithm which required on3 time and on2 space furthermore we prove a matching omeganlog n lower bound for this task in the algebraic computation tree model of computation even if the polygon is monotone
|
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|
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|
1,803.05947
|
Control Inversion: A Clustering-Based Method for Distributed Wide-Area
Control of Power Systems
|
Wide-area control (WAC) has been shown to be an effective tool for damping
low-frequency oscillations in power systems. In the current state of art, WAC
is challenged by two main factors - namely, scalability of design and
complexity of implementation. In this paper we present a control design called
control inversion that bypasses both of these challenges using the idea of
clustering. The basic philosophy behind this method is to project the original
power system model into a lower-dimensional state-space through clustering and
aggregation of generator states, and then designing an LQR controller for the
lower-dimensional model. This controller is finally projected back to the
original coordinates for wide-area implementation. The main problem is,
therefore, posed as finding the projection which best matches the closed-loop
performance of the WAC controller with that of a reference LQR controller for
damping low-frequency oscillations. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed
design using the NPCC 48-machine power system model.
|
cs.SY
|
widearea control wac has been shown to be an effective tool for damping lowfrequency oscillations in power systems in the current state of art wac is challenged by two main factors namely scalability of design and complexity of implementation in this paper we present a control design called control inversion that bypasses both of these challenges using the idea of clustering the basic philosophy behind this method is to project the original power system model into a lowerdimensional statespace through clustering and aggregation of generator states and then designing an lqr controller for the lowerdimensional model this controller is finally projected back to the original coordinates for widearea implementation the main problem is therefore posed as finding the projection which best matches the closedloop performance of the wac controller with that of a reference lqr controller for damping lowfrequency oscillations we verify the effectiveness of the proposed design using the npcc 48machine power system model
|
[['widearea', 'control', 'wac', 'has', 'been', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'an', 'effective', 'tool', 'for', 'damping', 'lowfrequency', 'oscillations', 'in', 'power', 'systems', 'in', 'the', 'current', 'state', 'of', 'art', 'wac', 'is', 'challenged', 'by', 'two', 'main', 'factors', 'namely', 'scalability', 'of', 'design', 'and', 'complexity', 'of', 'implementation', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'control', 'design', 'called', 'control', 'inversion', 'that', 'bypasses', 'both', 'of', 'these', 'challenges', 'using', 'the', 'idea', 'of', 'clustering', 'the', 'basic', 'philosophy', 'behind', 'this', 'method', 'is', 'to', 'project', 'the', 'original', 'power', 'system', 'model', 'into', 'a', 'lowerdimensional', 'statespace', 'through', 'clustering', 'and', 'aggregation', 'of', 'generator', 'states', 'and', 'then', 'designing', 'an', 'lqr', 'controller', 'for', 'the', 'lowerdimensional', 'model', 'this', 'controller', 'is', 'finally', 'projected', 'back', 'to', 'the', 'original', 'coordinates', 'for', 'widearea', 'implementation', 'the', 'main', 'problem', 'is', 'therefore', 'posed', 'as', 'finding', 'the', 'projection', 'which', 'best', 'matches', 'the', 'closedloop', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'wac', 'controller', 'with', 'that', 'of', 'a', 'reference', 'lqr', 'controller', 'for', 'damping', 'lowfrequency', 'oscillations', 'we', 'verify', 'the', 'effectiveness', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'design', 'using', 'the', 'npcc', '48machine', 'power', 'system', 'model']]
|
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|
1,803.05948
|
Average Cost of QuickXsort with Pivot Sampling
|
QuickXsort is a strategy to combine Quicksort with another sorting method X,
so that the result has essentially the same comparison cost as X in isolation,
but sorts in place even when X requires a linear-size buffer. We solve the
recurrence for QuickXsort precisely up to the linear term including the
optimization to choose pivots from a sample of k elements. This allows to
immediately obtain overall average costs using only the average costs of
sorting method X (as if run in isolation). We thereby extend and greatly
simplify the analysis of QuickHeapsort and QuickMergesort with practically
efficient pivot selection, and give the first tight upper bounds including the
linear term for such methods.
|
cs.DS
|
quickxsort is a strategy to combine quicksort with another sorting method x so that the result has essentially the same comparison cost as x in isolation but sorts in place even when x requires a linearsize buffer we solve the recurrence for quickxsort precisely up to the linear term including the optimization to choose pivots from a sample of k elements this allows to immediately obtain overall average costs using only the average costs of sorting method x as if run in isolation we thereby extend and greatly simplify the analysis of quickheapsort and quickmergesort with practically efficient pivot selection and give the first tight upper bounds including the linear term for such methods
|
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|
[-0.07174992584827634, 0.05737925573709633, -0.09493499524889334, 0.028254232757414382, -0.07235270940388243, -0.17188532178682325, 0.15952077855993257, 0.37846086168939475, -0.28295932182421285, -0.34503940024756286, 0.11796451621513258, -0.23613622922079103, -0.09552725262555964, 0.18630568635355876, -0.06657064084796921, 0.0389506465902454, 0.07041650477453675, 0.04552040930445257, -0.07319477063107402, -0.3126785964316999, 0.22950273541337401, 0.05626463250914719, 0.24064737705007327, 0.009831492192716453, 0.11562225424833678, 0.02515448957299732, -0.035433852448732706, -0.0025400139162676375, -0.11122886692573318, 0.09627995674019442, 0.2510134224890192, 0.14986372587940933, 0.2672819350519332, -0.4169462733539388, -0.13871766877842642, 0.10705289580009617, 0.1521119975705484, 0.09374101545963959, -0.01683951709715633, -0.17592757447263258, 0.10078318434330356, -0.12454626034141575, -0.08955922159938175, -0.08498761611949783, 0.053328458742614375, 0.024849287070856804, -0.3220450228831747, 0.021968135637284274, 0.0998177256092037, -0.014556791214936152, -0.008790264280386302, -0.17326414519349082, 0.015778489153538095, 0.11763257942935493, 0.035094341338742854, 0.034581522571674565, 0.0923465869201576, -0.07855062061520457, -0.12189265688587177, 0.3830390812322628, -0.06940941094714952, -0.19261986327463793, 0.16176307055151515, -0.08614325064250775, -0.1470800186262319, 0.12409726073434413, 0.18793879110741904, 0.12784631700630775, -0.11742882873199721, 0.09803410060550577, -0.033534555042391286, 0.19068586837761758, 0.10160124433439291, 0.03279654437414648, 0.08445458938653597, 0.16697113119319015, 0.1590612709477315, 0.15603150994712978, -0.046448022686761986, -0.03785760839992579, -0.27691492765913145, -0.17418248769816974, -0.13566278093167694, 0.04234876377577485, -0.11969738771994455, -0.13635355140911742, 0.3174986831696802, 0.15213995268405006, 0.20874542334594912, 0.13192455661319719, 0.3113898585975301, 0.10612912115583752, 0.0953081344134836, 0.09855455770810838, 0.1796557525195296, 0.07272358137803774, 0.07503650358902585, -0.19170889736096, 0.09422514223689704, 0.09295879408978579]
|
1,803.05949
|
Asymmetric regularization of the ground and excited state of the
helium-4 nucleus
|
We find the threshold structure of the two- and three-nucleon systems, with
the deuteron and 3H/3He as the only bound nuclei, sufficient to predict a pair
of four-nucleon states: a deeply bound state which is identified with the
helium-4 ground state, and a shallow, unstable state at an energy 0.38(25) MeV
above the triton-proton threshold which is consistent with data on the first
excited state of helium-4. The analysis employs the framework of Pionless EFT
at leading order with a generalized regulator prescription which probes
renormalization-group invariance of the two states with respect to higher-order
perturbations including asymmetrical disturbances of the short-distance
structure of the interaction. In addition to this invariance of the bound-state
spectrum and the diagonal triton-proton 1S0 phase shifts in the helium-4
channel with respect to the short-distance structure of the nuclear
interaction, our multi-channel calculations with a resonating-group method
demonstrate the increasing sensitivity of nuclei to the neutron-proton P-wave
interaction. We show that two-nucleon phase shifts, the triton channel, and
three-nucleon negative-parity channels are less sensitive with respect to
enhanced two-nucleon P-wave attraction than the four-nucleon triton-proton 1S0
phase shifts.
|
nucl-th physics.atom-ph
|
we find the threshold structure of the two and threenucleon systems with the deuteron and 3h3he as the only bound nuclei sufficient to predict a pair of fournucleon states a deeply bound state which is identified with the helium4 ground state and a shallow unstable state at an energy 03825 mev above the tritonproton threshold which is consistent with data on the first excited state of helium4 the analysis employs the framework of pionless eft at leading order with a generalized regulator prescription which probes renormalizationgroup invariance of the two states with respect to higherorder perturbations including asymmetrical disturbances of the shortdistance structure of the interaction in addition to this invariance of the boundstate spectrum and the diagonal tritonproton 1s0 phase shifts in the helium4 channel with respect to the shortdistance structure of the nuclear interaction our multichannel calculations with a resonatinggroup method demonstrate the increasing sensitivity of nuclei to the neutronproton pwave interaction we show that twonucleon phase shifts the triton channel and threenucleon negativeparity channels are less sensitive with respect to enhanced twonucleon pwave attraction than the fournucleon tritonproton 1s0 phase shifts
|
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|
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|
1,803.0595
|
The fermion-boson map for large d
|
We show that the three-dimensional map between fermions and bosons at finite
temperature generalises for all odd dimensions $d>3$. We further argue that
such a map has a nontrivial large $d$ limit. Evidence comes from studying the
gap equations, the free energies and the partition functions of the $U(N)$
Gross-Neveu and CP$^{N-1}$ models for odd $d\geq 3$ in the presence of
imaginary chemical potential. We find that the gap equations and the free
energies can be written in terms of the Bloch-Wigner-Ramakrishnan $D_d(z)$
functions analysed by Zagier. Since $D_2(z)$ gives the volume of ideal
tetrahedra in 3$d$ hyperbolic space our three-dimensional results are related
to resent studies of complex Chern-Simons theories, while for $d>3$ they yield
corresponding higher dimensional generalizations. As a spinoff, we observe that
particular complex saddles of the partition functions correspond to the zeros
and the extrema of the Clausen functions $Cl_d(\theta)$ with odd and even index
$d$ respectively. These saddles lie on the unit circle at positions remarkably
well approximated by a sequence of rational multiples of $\pi$.
|
hep-th
|
we show that the threedimensional map between fermions and bosons at finite temperature generalises for all odd dimensions d3 we further argue that such a map has a nontrivial large d limit evidence comes from studying the gap equations the free energies and the partition functions of the un grossneveu and cpn1 models for odd dgeq 3 in the presence of imaginary chemical potential we find that the gap equations and the free energies can be written in terms of the blochwignerramakrishnan d_dz functions analysed by zagier since d_2z gives the volume of ideal tetrahedra in 3d hyperbolic space our threedimensional results are related to resent studies of complex chernsimons theories while for d3 they yield corresponding higher dimensional generalizations as a spinoff we observe that particular complex saddles of the partition functions correspond to the zeros and the extrema of the clausen functions cl_dtheta with odd and even index d respectively these saddles lie on the unit circle at positions remarkably well approximated by a sequence of rational multiples of pi
|
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|
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|
1,803.05951
|
Cell structure formation in a two-dimensional density-based dislocation
dynamics model
|
Cellular patterns formed by self-organization of dislocations are a most
conspicuous feature of dislocation microstructure evolution during plastic
deformation. To elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying dislocation cell
structure formation, we use a minimal model for the evolution of dislocation
densities under load. By considering only two slip systems in a plane strain
setting, we arrive at a model which is easily amenable to analytical stability
analysis and numerical simulation. We use this model to establish analytical
stability criteria for cell structures to emerge, to investigate the dynamics
of the patterning process and establish the mechanism of pattern wavelength
selection. This analysis demonstrates an intimate relationship between
hardening and cell structure formation, which appears as an almost inevitable
corollary to strain hardening itself. Specific mechanisms such as cross slip,
by contrast, turn out to be incidental to the formation of cellular patterns.
|
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
|
cellular patterns formed by selforganization of dislocations are a most conspicuous feature of dislocation microstructure evolution during plastic deformation to elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying dislocation cell structure formation we use a minimal model for the evolution of dislocation densities under load by considering only two slip systems in a plane strain setting we arrive at a model which is easily amenable to analytical stability analysis and numerical simulation we use this model to establish analytical stability criteria for cell structures to emerge to investigate the dynamics of the patterning process and establish the mechanism of pattern wavelength selection this analysis demonstrates an intimate relationship between hardening and cell structure formation which appears as an almost inevitable corollary to strain hardening itself specific mechanisms such as cross slip by contrast turn out to be incidental to the formation of cellular patterns
|
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|
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|
1,803.05952
|
Probing sub-galactic mass structure with the power spectrum of
surface-brightness anomalies in high-resolution observations of galaxy-galaxy
strong gravitational lenses. II.Observational constraints on the sub-galactic
matter power spectrum
|
Stringent observational constraints on the sub-galactic matter power spectrum
would allow one to distinguish between the concordance $\Lambda$CDM and the
various alternative dark-matter models that predict significantly different
properties of mass structure in galactic haloes. Galaxy-galaxy strong
gravitational lensing provides a unique opportunity to probe the sub-galactic
mass structure in lens galaxies beyond the Local Group. Here, we demonstrate
the first application of a novel methodology to observationally constrain the
sub-galactic matter power spectrum in the inner regions of massive elliptical
lens galaxies on 1-10 kpc scales from the power spectrum of surface-brightness
anomalies in highly magnified galaxy-scale Einstein rings and gravitational
arcs. The pilot application of our approach to Hubble Space Telescope
(HST/WFC3/F390W) observations of the SLACS lens system SDSS J0252+0039 allows
us to place the following observational constraints (at the 99 per cent
confidence level) on the dimensionless convergence power spectrum
$\Delta^{2}_{\delta\kappa}$ and the standard deviation in the aperture mass
$\sigma_{\rm AM}$: $\Delta^{2}_{\delta\kappa}<1$ ($\sigma_{\rm AM}< 0.8 \times
10^8 M_\odot$) on 0.5-kpc scale, $\Delta^{2}_{\delta\kappa}<0.1$ ($\sigma_{\rm
AM}< 1 \times 10^8 M_\odot$) on 1-kpc scale and
$\Delta^{2}_{\delta\kappa}<0.01$ ($\sigma_{\rm AM}< 3 \times 10^8 M_\odot$) on
3-kpc scale. These first upper-limit constraints still considerably exceed the
estimated effect of CDM subhaloes. However, future analysis of a larger sample
of galaxy-galaxy strong lens systems can substantially narrow down these limits
and possibly rule out dark-matter models that predict a significantly higher
level of density fluctuations on the critical sub-galactic scales.
|
astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO
|
stringent observational constraints on the subgalactic matter power spectrum would allow one to distinguish between the concordance lambdacdm and the various alternative darkmatter models that predict significantly different properties of mass structure in galactic haloes galaxygalaxy strong gravitational lensing provides a unique opportunity to probe the subgalactic mass structure in lens galaxies beyond the local group here we demonstrate the first application of a novel methodology to observationally constrain the subgalactic matter power spectrum in the inner regions of massive elliptical lens galaxies on 110 kpc scales from the power spectrum of surfacebrightness anomalies in highly magnified galaxyscale einstein rings and gravitational arcs the pilot application of our approach to hubble space telescope hstwfc3f390w observations of the slacs lens system sdss j02520039 allows us to place the following observational constraints at the 99 per cent confidence level on the dimensionless convergence power spectrum delta2_deltakappa and the standard deviation in the aperture mass sigma_rm am delta2_deltakappa1 sigma_rm am 08 times 108 m_odot on 05kpc scale delta2_deltakappa01 sigma_rm am 1 times 108 m_odot on 1kpc scale and delta2_deltakappa001 sigma_rm am 3 times 108 m_odot on 3kpc scale these first upperlimit constraints still considerably exceed the estimated effect of cdm subhaloes however future analysis of a larger sample of galaxygalaxy strong lens systems can substantially narrow down these limits and possibly rule out darkmatter models that predict a significantly higher level of density fluctuations on the critical subgalactic scales
|
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|
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|
1,803.05953
|
Generalized Stirling Numbers I
|
We consider generalized Stirling numbers of the second kind $%
S_{a,b,r}^{\alpha_{s},\beta_{s},r_{s},p_{s}}\left( p,k\right) $, $%
k=0,1,\ldots .rp+\sum_{s=2}^{L}r_{s}p_{s}$, where $a,b,\alpha_{s},\beta_{s} $
are complex numbers, and $r,p,r_{s},p_{s}$ are non-negative integers given,
$s=2,\ldots ,L$. (The case $a=1,b=0,r=1,r_{s}p_{s}=0$, corresponds to the
standard Stirling numbers $S\left( p,k\right) $.) The numbers $%
S_{a,b,r}^{\alpha_{s},\beta_{s},r_{s},p_{s}}\left( p,k\right) $ are connected
with a generalization of Eulerian numbers and polynomials we studied in
previous works. This link allows us to propose (first, and then to prove,
specially in the case $r=r_{s}=1$) several results involving our generalized
Stirling numbers, including several families of new recurrences for Stirling
numbers of the second kind. In a future work we consider the recurrence and the
differential operator associated to the numbers $%
S_{a,b,r}^{\alpha_{s},\beta_{s},r_{s},p_{s}}\left( p,k\right) $.
|
math.CO math.NT
|
we consider generalized stirling numbers of the second kind s_abralpha_sbeta_sr_sp_sleft pkright k01ldots rpsum_s2lr_sp_s where abalpha_sbeta_s are complex numbers and rpr_sp_s are nonnegative integers given s2ldots l the case a1b0r1r_sp_s0 corresponds to the standard stirling numbers sleft pkright the numbers s_abralpha_sbeta_sr_sp_sleft pkright are connected with a generalization of eulerian numbers and polynomials we studied in previous works this link allows us to propose first and then to prove specially in the case rr_s1 several results involving our generalized stirling numbers including several families of new recurrences for stirling numbers of the second kind in a future work we consider the recurrence and the differential operator associated to the numbers s_abralpha_sbeta_sr_sp_sleft pkright
|
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|
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|
1,803.05954
|
On some abelian varieties of type IV
|
We study a certain class of simple abelian varieties of type $\mathrm{IV}$
(in Albert's classification) over number fields with Mumford-Tate groups of
type $A$. In particular, we show that such abelian varieties have ordinary
reduction away from a set of places of Dirichlet density zero, thus confirming
a special case of a broader conjecture of Serre's. We also study the splitting
types and Newton polygons of the reductions of the abelian varieties of this
type with small dimension (nine).
|
math.NT
|
we study a certain class of simple abelian varieties of type mathrmiv in alberts classification over number fields with mumfordtate groups of type a in particular we show that such abelian varieties have ordinary reduction away from a set of places of dirichlet density zero thus confirming a special case of a broader conjecture of serres we also study the splitting types and newton polygons of the reductions of the abelian varieties of this type with small dimension nine
|
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|
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|
1,803.05955
|
Logarithmic forms and singular projective foliations
|
In this article we study polynomial logarithmic $q$-forms on a projective
space and characterize those that define singular foliations of codimension
$q$. Our main result is the algebraic proof of their infinitesimal stability
when $q=2$ with some extra degree assumptions. We determine new irreducible
components of the moduli space of codimension two singular projective
foliations of any degree, and we show that they are generically reduced in
their natural scheme structure. Our method is based on an explicit description
of the Zariski tangent space of the corresponding moduli space at a given
generic logarithmic form. Furthermore, we lay the groundwork for an extension
of our stability results to the general case $q\ge2$.
|
math.AG math.DS
|
in this article we study polynomial logarithmic qforms on a projective space and characterize those that define singular foliations of codimension q our main result is the algebraic proof of their infinitesimal stability when q2 with some extra degree assumptions we determine new irreducible components of the moduli space of codimension two singular projective foliations of any degree and we show that they are generically reduced in their natural scheme structure our method is based on an explicit description of the zariski tangent space of the corresponding moduli space at a given generic logarithmic form furthermore we lay the groundwork for an extension of our stability results to the general case qge2
|
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|
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|
1,803.05956
|
Electrometry by optical charge conversion of deep defects in 4H-SiC
|
Optically-active point defects in various host materials, such as diamond and
silicon carbide (SiC), have shown significant promise as local sensors of
magnetic fields, electric fields, strain and temperature. Current sensing
techniques take advantage of the relaxation and coherence times of the spin
state within these defects. Here we show that the defect charge state can also
be used to sense the environment, in particular high frequency (MHz-GHz)
electric fields, complementing established spin-based techniques. This is
enabled by optical charge conversion of the defects between their
photoluminescent and dark charge states, with conversion rate dependent on the
electric field (energy density). The technique provides an all-optical high
frequency electrometer which is tested in 4H-SiC for both ensembles of
divacancies and silicon vacancies, from cryogenic to room temperature, and with
a measured sensitivity of ~41 (V/cm)**2 / $\sqrt{Hz}$. Finally, due to the
piezoelectric character of SiC, we obtain spatial 3D maps of surface acoustic
wave modes in a mechanical resonator.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall physics.ins-det quant-ph
|
opticallyactive point defects in various host materials such as diamond and silicon carbide sic have shown significant promise as local sensors of magnetic fields electric fields strain and temperature current sensing techniques take advantage of the relaxation and coherence times of the spin state within these defects here we show that the defect charge state can also be used to sense the environment in particular high frequency mhzghz electric fields complementing established spinbased techniques this is enabled by optical charge conversion of the defects between their photoluminescent and dark charge states with conversion rate dependent on the electric field energy density the technique provides an alloptical high frequency electrometer which is tested in 4hsic for both ensembles of divacancies and silicon vacancies from cryogenic to room temperature and with a measured sensitivity of 41 vcm2 sqrthz finally due to the piezoelectric character of sic we obtain spatial 3d maps of surface acoustic wave modes in a mechanical resonator
|
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|
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|
1,803.05957
|
Interplay of Probabilistic Shaping and the Blind Phase Search Algorithm
|
Probabilistic shaping (PS) is a promising technique to approach the Shannon
limit using typical constellation geometries. However, the impact of PS on the
chain of signal processing algorithms of a coherent receiver still needs
further investigation. In this work we study the interplay of PS and phase
recovery using the blind phase search (BPS) algorithm, which is widely used in
optical communications systems. We first investigate a supervised phase search
(SPS) algorithm as a theoretical upper bound on the BPS performance, assuming
perfect decisions. It is shown that PS influences the SPS algorithm, but its
impact can be alleviated by moderate noise rejection window sizes. On the other
hand, BPS is affected by PS even for long windows because of correlated
erroneous decisions in the phase recovery scheme. The simulation results also
show that the capacity-maximizing shaping is near to the BPS worst-case
situation for square-QAM constellations, causing potential implementation
penalties.
|
eess.SP cs.IT math.IT
|
probabilistic shaping ps is a promising technique to approach the shannon limit using typical constellation geometries however the impact of ps on the chain of signal processing algorithms of a coherent receiver still needs further investigation in this work we study the interplay of ps and phase recovery using the blind phase search bps algorithm which is widely used in optical communications systems we first investigate a supervised phase search sps algorithm as a theoretical upper bound on the bps performance assuming perfect decisions it is shown that ps influences the sps algorithm but its impact can be alleviated by moderate noise rejection window sizes on the other hand bps is affected by ps even for long windows because of correlated erroneous decisions in the phase recovery scheme the simulation results also show that the capacitymaximizing shaping is near to the bps worstcase situation for squareqam constellations causing potential implementation penalties
|
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|
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|
1,803.05958
|
Description of gravity in the model with independent nonsymmetric
connection
|
A generalization of General Relativity is studied. The standard
Einstein-Hilbert action is considered in the Palatini formalism, where the
connection and the metric are independent variables, and the connection is not
symmetric. As a result of variation with respect to the metric Einstein
equations are obtained. A variation with respect to the connection leads to an
arbitrariness in the determination of connection, i.e. the presence of gauge
invariance. Then a matter in a form of point particle which interacts with
field of connection is introduced. Also the action is complemented by a kinetic
term for field of the connection to avoid incompatible equation of motion. Thus
after the variation procedures we obtain the Einstein equations, the geodesic
equation and the Maxwell`s equations for electromagnetism, where some
components of the connection play the role of the electromagnetic potential.
Thereby the electromagnetic potential is obtained from the geometry of
space-time.
|
gr-qc
|
a generalization of general relativity is studied the standard einsteinhilbert action is considered in the palatini formalism where the connection and the metric are independent variables and the connection is not symmetric as a result of variation with respect to the metric einstein equations are obtained a variation with respect to the connection leads to an arbitrariness in the determination of connection ie the presence of gauge invariance then a matter in a form of point particle which interacts with field of connection is introduced also the action is complemented by a kinetic term for field of the connection to avoid incompatible equation of motion thus after the variation procedures we obtain the einstein equations the geodesic equation and the maxwells equations for electromagnetism where some components of the connection play the role of the electromagnetic potential thereby the electromagnetic potential is obtained from the geometry of spacetime
|
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|
[-0.16024954043127396, 0.10163306467310994, -0.10575002008998716, 0.05927830071320657, -0.12917668861966278, -0.10014914577776515, -0.031559085299581846, 0.2929182455818345, -0.250613875133363, -0.3019081275395709, 0.07386000243698347, -0.2777418232321538, -0.1637850627491905, 0.13285505035782005, -0.05236987284356351, 0.004091686553422462, 0.01964611922409637, 0.10409290902945842, -0.10114356031880488, -0.19470607412890908, 0.3881409219780786, 0.07256299398864645, 0.22520704701467342, 0.016876114003763005, 0.16089682811808242, -0.000577010730331814, -0.05698079646665703, 0.06604958784678397, -0.08385314894965976, 0.0995144411116033, 0.1671264135039638, 0.07669036819577348, 0.23584789371847906, -0.4141634798331841, -0.22476045527130467, 0.0803528946188807, 0.07116456035637876, 0.09522998375374496, -0.04697326832526439, -0.2917641636009353, 0.03956610066942065, -0.13689368685575304, -0.1864219705229688, -0.0327649620342748, 0.027896990573247644, -0.004723731428384781, -0.2527221358842153, 0.08150312927299072, 0.057914856421710875, 0.002093358563650179, -0.10778735698880376, -0.03310881236826095, 0.002730905795721589, 0.09335261802944178, 0.1258520322452249, 0.095005138179388, 0.08345488758405319, -0.1579188124585041, -0.07392021983144553, 0.4474004159329107, -0.10370393258808935, -0.2935790019109845, 0.13195614624655227, -0.10308209939771709, -0.08913836094890595, 0.09435350089837369, 0.11186193247212449, 0.1213696669485118, -0.17510031383308405, 0.1676119386263324, -0.013848372461349779, 0.09736822147218895, 0.08611173117910889, 0.04665365810639766, 0.20429067887567184, 0.09189858706668019, 0.05726856855171964, 0.11810476377266585, -0.01973494705807015, -0.16860425234237383, -0.38869284046813846, -0.1925104329379669, -0.14088200343886037, 0.06819787014004809, -0.13619232333587353, -0.1658091226095535, 0.371771652898059, 0.10753505056522586, 0.15835547720937915, 0.044602934297054656, 0.2368179130056445, 0.1516705341062924, 0.044470360235160065, 0.02996262808399577, 0.29676094080885473, 0.2502261612995377, 0.09238304051482496, -0.24615453004701743, -0.008273980394635047, 0.09685271631964054]
|
1,803.05959
|
Mo2Cap2: Real-time Mobile 3D Motion Capture with a Cap-mounted Fisheye
Camera
|
We propose the first real-time approach for the egocentric estimation of 3D
human body pose in a wide range of unconstrained everyday activities. This
setting has a unique set of challenges, such as mobility of the hardware setup,
and robustness to long capture sessions with fast recovery from tracking
failures. We tackle these challenges based on a novel lightweight setup that
converts a standard baseball cap to a device for high-quality pose estimation
based on a single cap-mounted fisheye camera. From the captured egocentric live
stream, our CNN based 3D pose estimation approach runs at 60Hz on a
consumer-level GPU. In addition to the novel hardware setup, our other main
contributions are: 1) a large ground truth training corpus of top-down fisheye
images and 2) a novel disentangled 3D pose estimation approach that takes the
unique properties of the egocentric viewpoint into account. As shown by our
evaluation, we achieve lower 3D joint error as well as better 2D overlay than
the existing baselines.
|
cs.CV
|
we propose the first realtime approach for the egocentric estimation of 3d human body pose in a wide range of unconstrained everyday activities this setting has a unique set of challenges such as mobility of the hardware setup and robustness to long capture sessions with fast recovery from tracking failures we tackle these challenges based on a novel lightweight setup that converts a standard baseball cap to a device for highquality pose estimation based on a single capmounted fisheye camera from the captured egocentric live stream our cnn based 3d pose estimation approach runs at 60hz on a consumerlevel gpu in addition to the novel hardware setup our other main contributions are 1 a large ground truth training corpus of topdown fisheye images and 2 a novel disentangled 3d pose estimation approach that takes the unique properties of the egocentric viewpoint into account as shown by our evaluation we achieve lower 3d joint error as well as better 2d overlay than the existing baselines
|
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|
[-0.07681484095555119, -0.023534088694073398, -0.06240065674086107, 0.015943684863023735, -0.09566920325502845, -0.1925556310509657, 0.010877654276376852, 0.42071502230650076, -0.24200180072360244, -0.3780399361751014, 0.08854223289198465, -0.24025493832247938, -0.18164491176925188, 0.2194222343851315, -0.1940984551229177, 0.10401379716428329, 0.15608143570484376, 0.019493097410840127, -0.08914173304862515, -0.20044101174189452, 0.26033201236620634, -0.010515921429211011, 0.3323275393983521, 0.002299658617039034, 0.17893063044175506, 0.022577570525620795, 0.00044439893010203823, 0.009643127864649508, -0.06161815804571122, 0.18234866060476546, 0.25389179456236266, 0.18712435768734367, 0.30215135636093793, -0.4534136791902086, -0.23465032519221282, 0.008007829153247497, 0.12949901566543598, 0.11251960999612337, -0.08122585202278741, -0.395279865451957, 0.09589459595093332, -0.19235526520096086, 0.001318053345258799, -0.09200293218225607, -0.013954963771472085, -0.04365717768283458, -0.2924622766605001, 0.034254434237833725, 0.014819876434412882, 0.05613965899654967, -0.07640725480209738, -0.10378617634196863, 0.06981437220638104, 0.23112022862526835, 0.017201066013401305, 0.07797174513314285, 0.15123298116159722, -0.18227066685219917, -0.13714783281042167, 0.40527742007530176, -0.03359432020297837, -0.195271252997311, 0.18197818784517425, -0.0565630269716808, -0.13468761984658845, 0.13603177346414858, 0.2667935038602517, 0.12425506273959477, -0.15678043497806313, 0.006135566056523175, -0.08374369030595512, 0.19323734071554238, 0.004313378100586266, 0.019287096179716082, 0.20851990102898854, 0.2756494599983005, 0.0862830815179005, 0.12549237792981513, -0.203266712127002, -0.039486330096821294, -0.23962218649228292, -0.12114556196168567, -0.20567374575620323, -0.010271252412920349, -0.0919621340982956, -0.1654451865696797, 0.41968826267388337, 0.23977212282469026, 0.2050519144973872, 0.10976333445383728, 0.4263008147752358, -0.0070874715305863385, 0.09474463860555751, 0.06055012227256034, 0.16362533566579107, -0.05097711637139069, 0.14360049915174308, -0.15057153018202885, 0.06586291370456296, 0.03887820448097916]
|
1,803.0596
|
Topology and quantum phases of low dimensional fermionic systems
|
In this thesis, we study quantum phase transitions and topological phases in
low dimensional fermionic systems. In the first part, we study quantum phase
transitions and the nature of currents in one-dimensional systems, using field
theoretic techniques like bosonization and renormalization group. This involves
the study of currents in Luttinger liquids, and the fate of a persistent
current in a 1D system. In the second part of the thesis, we study the
different types of Majorana edge modes in a 1D p-wave topological
superconductor. Further we extend our analysis to the effect of an additional
s-wave pairing and a Zeeman field on the topological properties, and present a
detailed phase diagram and symmetry classification for each of the cases. In
the third part, we concentrate on the topological phases in two-dimensional
systems. More specifically, we study the experimental realization of SU(3)
topological phases in optical lattice experiments, which is characterized by
the presence of gapless edge modes at the boundaries of the system. We discuss
the specific characteristics required by a such a three component Hamiltonian
to have a non-zero Chern number, and discuss a schematic lattice model for a
possible experimental realization.
|
cond-mat.str-el
|
in this thesis we study quantum phase transitions and topological phases in low dimensional fermionic systems in the first part we study quantum phase transitions and the nature of currents in onedimensional systems using field theoretic techniques like bosonization and renormalization group this involves the study of currents in luttinger liquids and the fate of a persistent current in a 1d system in the second part of the thesis we study the different types of majorana edge modes in a 1d pwave topological superconductor further we extend our analysis to the effect of an additional swave pairing and a zeeman field on the topological properties and present a detailed phase diagram and symmetry classification for each of the cases in the third part we concentrate on the topological phases in twodimensional systems more specifically we study the experimental realization of su3 topological phases in optical lattice experiments which is characterized by the presence of gapless edge modes at the boundaries of the system we discuss the specific characteristics required by a such a three component hamiltonian to have a nonzero chern number and discuss a schematic lattice model for a possible experimental realization
|
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|
[-0.22677797503187924, 0.18071436583508746, -0.07059124299117552, 0.019133611164210182, -0.02333512347447324, -0.12471488354138914, 0.08633013695256465, 0.32883849214530825, -0.2156783240422645, -0.23278250912966814, 0.0895315337265055, -0.28277411919878553, -0.18777165504490928, 0.1346208513147376, 0.014352047014884997, 0.04990496657489572, -0.006507812832708958, 0.004826958949914096, -0.119233991018523, -0.20844063224570122, 0.3703804918724098, -0.05109904906615962, 0.2882664782294299, 0.06371294428990101, 0.007999741875233583, 0.01296410809628125, 0.03368955316176454, 0.020963078156695927, -0.15783886348954138, 0.08282253422431764, 0.22602941049624795, -0.036629079508117446, 0.16650871555152025, -0.4447843998458256, -0.23648210296436295, 0.06328748480942814, 0.11644987892172506, 0.16739798232688632, -0.050384415982311005, -0.3180755224390139, 0.05975278913781742, -0.1978248083273943, -0.13012209704502878, -0.10093467051423893, 0.005645821983651548, -0.048492441452084194, -0.18950699953063163, 0.055490611474526746, 0.06347207813354817, 0.1172171840142613, -0.06372377935976727, -0.07281636421018584, -0.019094785311080786, 0.10151687012551053, 0.014158621469001079, -0.015092773776781296, 0.06463515726243836, -0.2027771169918187, -0.15916577855986422, 0.3925948770728247, -0.06753263760411175, -0.1570508823744528, 0.21604675501391987, -0.13394488366898283, -0.16766160531114266, 0.08550733648037895, 0.1561239797264878, 0.09443559552243684, -0.10093184575496406, 0.0856493086340883, -0.03079131121597605, 0.1457378008567856, -0.047421820479845674, 0.06626772398727468, 0.26470281805968576, 0.19101027006987925, 0.046257902871108, 0.20874305284664113, -0.09360012598335743, -0.09430389765226596, -0.3311264899081594, -0.22962985249776682, -0.2050367111166447, 0.014761412041527195, -0.010364220211634634, -0.16415782416374494, 0.5016776393433078, 0.1590981424664457, 0.20689839345446445, -0.04440334723560246, 0.2836907607228181, 0.1131370283423204, 0.033773784120349995, 0.018975475996037838, 0.21658348249466944, 0.15829324456163407, 0.08196532415525283, -0.28074486979896834, -0.043603962097905694, 0.09975895588406859]
|
1,803.05961
|
Chiron: Privacy-preserving Machine Learning as a Service
|
Major cloud operators offer machine learning (ML) as a service, enabling
customers who have the data but not ML expertise or infrastructure to train
predictive models on this data. Existing ML-as-a-service platforms require
users to reveal all training data to the service operator. We design,
implement, and evaluate Chiron, a system for privacy-preserving machine
learning as a service. First, Chiron conceals the training data from the
service operator. Second, in keeping with how many existing ML-as-a-service
platforms work, Chiron reveals neither the training algorithm nor the model
structure to the user, providing only black-box access to the trained model.
Chiron is implemented using SGX enclaves, but SGX alone does not achieve the
dual goals of data privacy and model confidentiality. Chiron runs the standard
ML training toolchain (including the popular Theano framework and C compiler)
in an enclave, but the untrusted model-creation code from the service operator
is further confined in a Ryoan sandbox to prevent it from leaking the training
data outside the enclave. To support distributed training, Chiron executes
multiple concurrent enclaves that exchange model parameters via a parameter
server. We evaluate Chiron on popular deep learning models, focusing on
benchmark image classification tasks such as CIFAR and ImageNet, and show that
its training performance and accuracy of the resulting models are practical for
common uses of ML-as-a-service.
|
cs.CR
|
major cloud operators offer machine learning ml as a service enabling customers who have the data but not ml expertise or infrastructure to train predictive models on this data existing mlasaservice platforms require users to reveal all training data to the service operator we design implement and evaluate chiron a system for privacypreserving machine learning as a service first chiron conceals the training data from the service operator second in keeping with how many existing mlasaservice platforms work chiron reveals neither the training algorithm nor the model structure to the user providing only blackbox access to the trained model chiron is implemented using sgx enclaves but sgx alone does not achieve the dual goals of data privacy and model confidentiality chiron runs the standard ml training toolchain including the popular theano framework and c compiler in an enclave but the untrusted modelcreation code from the service operator is further confined in a ryoan sandbox to prevent it from leaking the training data outside the enclave to support distributed training chiron executes multiple concurrent enclaves that exchange model parameters via a parameter server we evaluate chiron on popular deep learning models focusing on benchmark image classification tasks such as cifar and imagenet and show that its training performance and accuracy of the resulting models are practical for common uses of mlasaservice
|
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|
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|
1,803.05962
|
B Anomalies and Leptoquarks at the LHC: Beyond the Lepton-Quark Final
State
|
Leptoquarks provide some of the simplest explanations to the hints of lepton
flavor non-universality in $B$ decays. In particular, a new confining gauge
group can provide a natural and appealing origin for the leptoquarks. So far,
direct collider searches have been based on two body decays, namely to a quark
and a lepton. We study how composite dynamics can give rise to additional
states resulting in modified collider signatures of leptoquarks, as well as new
production modes in cascade decays of heavier states. Instead of the standard
signature, each leptoquark can result in as many as four jets and a lepton. We
reinterpret relevant ATLAS and CMS searches to set limits on this scenario,
show how this can relax the current bounds, and propose ways to better
constrain this class of models in the future. For example, we show that a
leptoquark related to the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomaly could still be as light as 500
GeV.
|
hep-ph
|
leptoquarks provide some of the simplest explanations to the hints of lepton flavor nonuniversality in b decays in particular a new confining gauge group can provide a natural and appealing origin for the leptoquarks so far direct collider searches have been based on two body decays namely to a quark and a lepton we study how composite dynamics can give rise to additional states resulting in modified collider signatures of leptoquarks as well as new production modes in cascade decays of heavier states instead of the standard signature each leptoquark can result in as many as four jets and a lepton we reinterpret relevant atlas and cms searches to set limits on this scenario show how this can relax the current bounds and propose ways to better constrain this class of models in the future for example we show that a leptoquark related to the r_d anomaly could still be as light as 500 gev
|
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|
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|
1,803.05963
|
Studying Invariances of Trained Convolutional Neural Networks
|
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) define an exceptionally powerful class
of models for image classification, but the theoretical background and the
understanding of how invariances to certain transformations are learned is
limited. In a large scale screening with images modified by different affine
and nonaffine transformations of varying magnitude, we analyzed the behavior of
the CNN architectures AlexNet and ResNet. If the magnitude of different
transformations does not exceed a class- and transformation dependent
threshold, both architectures show invariant behavior. In this work we
furthermore introduce a new learnable module, the Invariant Transformer Net,
which enables us to learn differentiable parameters for a set of affine
transformations. This allows us to extract the space of transformations to
which the CNN is invariant and its class prediction robust.
|
cs.CV
|
convolutional neural networks cnns define an exceptionally powerful class of models for image classification but the theoretical background and the understanding of how invariances to certain transformations are learned is limited in a large scale screening with images modified by different affine and nonaffine transformations of varying magnitude we analyzed the behavior of the cnn architectures alexnet and resnet if the magnitude of different transformations does not exceed a class and transformation dependent threshold both architectures show invariant behavior in this work we furthermore introduce a new learnable module the invariant transformer net which enables us to learn differentiable parameters for a set of affine transformations this allows us to extract the space of transformations to which the cnn is invariant and its class prediction robust
|
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|
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|
1,803.05964
|
Structure of X-ray emitting jets close to the launching site: from
embedded to disk-bearing sources
|
Several observations of stellar jets show evidence of X-ray emitting shocks
close to the launching site. In some cases, the shocked features appear to be
stationary, also for YSOs at different stages of evolution. We study the case
of HH 154, the jet originating from the embedded binary Class 0/I protostar IRS
5, and the case of the jet associated to DG Tau, a more evolved Class II
disk-bearing source or Classical T Tauri star (CTTS), both located in the
Taurus star-forming region. We aim at investigating the effect of perturbations
in X-ray emitting stationary shocks in stellar jets; the stability and
detectability in X-rays of these shocks; and explore the differences in jets
from Class 0 to Class II sources. We performed a set of 2.5-dimensional
magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations that modelled supersonic jets ramming
into a magnetized medium. The jet is formed by two components: a continously
driven component that forms a quasi-stationary shock at the base of the jet;
and a pulsed component constituted by blobs perturbing the shock. We explored
different parameters for both components. We studied two cases: a jet less
dense than the ambient medium (light jet), representing the case of HH 154; and
a jet denser than the ambient (heavy jet), associated with DG Tau. We
synthesized the count rate from the simulations and compared with available
Chandra observations. Our model explains the formation of X-ray emitting
quasi-stationary shocks observed at the base of jets in a natural way, being
able to reproduce the observed jet properties at different evolutionary phases
(in particular, for HH 154 and DG Tau). The jet is collimated by the magnetic
field forming a quasi-stationary shock at the base which emits in X-rays even
when perturbations formed by a train of blobs are present. We found similar
collimation mechanisms dominating in both heavy and light jets...
|
astro-ph.SR
|
several observations of stellar jets show evidence of xray emitting shocks close to the launching site in some cases the shocked features appear to be stationary also for ysos at different stages of evolution we study the case of hh 154 the jet originating from the embedded binary class 0i protostar irs 5 and the case of the jet associated to dg tau a more evolved class ii diskbearing source or classical t tauri star ctts both located in the taurus starforming region we aim at investigating the effect of perturbations in xray emitting stationary shocks in stellar jets the stability and detectability in xrays of these shocks and explore the differences in jets from class 0 to class ii sources we performed a set of 25dimensional magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations that modelled supersonic jets ramming into a magnetized medium the jet is formed by two components a continously driven component that forms a quasistationary shock at the base of the jet and a pulsed component constituted by blobs perturbing the shock we explored different parameters for both components we studied two cases a jet less dense than the ambient medium light jet representing the case of hh 154 and a jet denser than the ambient heavy jet associated with dg tau we synthesized the count rate from the simulations and compared with available chandra observations our model explains the formation of xray emitting quasistationary shocks observed at the base of jets in a natural way being able to reproduce the observed jet properties at different evolutionary phases in particular for hh 154 and dg tau the jet is collimated by the magnetic field forming a quasistationary shock at the base which emits in xrays even when perturbations formed by a train of blobs are present we found similar collimation mechanisms dominating in both heavy and light jets
|
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|
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|
1,803.05965
|
On the Spectral Evolution of Helium-Atmosphere White Dwarfs Showing
Traces of Hydrogen
|
We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of 115 helium-line (DB) and 28
cool, He-rich hydrogen-line (DA) white dwarfs based on atmosphere fits to
optical spectroscopy and photometry. We find that 63% of our DB population show
hydrogen lines, making them DBA stars. We also demonstrate the persistence of
pure DB white dwarfs with no detectable hydrogen feature at low effective
temperatures. Using state-of-the art envelope models, we next compute the total
quantity of hydrogen, $M_{\rm{H}}$, that is contained in the outer convection
zone as a function of effective temperature and atmospheric H/He ratio. We find
that some $(T_{\rm{eff}},M_{\rm{H}})$ pairs cannot physically exist as a
homogeneously mixed structure; such combination can only occur as stratified
objects of the DA spectral type. On that basis, we show that the values of
$M_{\rm{H}}$ inferred for the bulk of the DBA stars are too large and
incompatible with the convective dilution scenario. We also present evidence
that the hydrogen abundances measured in DBA and cool, helium-rich white dwarfs
cannot be globally accounted for by any kind of accretion mechanism onto a pure
DB star. We suggest that cool, He-rich DA white dwarfs are most likely created
by the convective mixing of a DA star with a thin hydrogen envelope; they are
not cooled down DBA's. We finally explore several scenarios that could account
for the presence of hydrogen in DBA stars.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
we present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of 115 heliumline db and 28 cool herich hydrogenline da white dwarfs based on atmosphere fits to optical spectroscopy and photometry we find that 63 of our db population show hydrogen lines making them dba stars we also demonstrate the persistence of pure db white dwarfs with no detectable hydrogen feature at low effective temperatures using stateofthe art envelope models we next compute the total quantity of hydrogen m_rmh that is contained in the outer convection zone as a function of effective temperature and atmospheric hhe ratio we find that some t_rmeffm_rmh pairs cannot physically exist as a homogeneously mixed structure such combination can only occur as stratified objects of the da spectral type on that basis we show that the values of m_rmh inferred for the bulk of the dba stars are too large and incompatible with the convective dilution scenario we also present evidence that the hydrogen abundances measured in dba and cool heliumrich white dwarfs cannot be globally accounted for by any kind of accretion mechanism onto a pure db star we suggest that cool herich da white dwarfs are most likely created by the convective mixing of a da star with a thin hydrogen envelope they are not cooled down dbas we finally explore several scenarios that could account for the presence of hydrogen in dba stars
|
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|
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|
1,803.05966
|
On entropy and intrinsic ergodicity of coded subshifts
|
Any coded subshift X defined by a set C of code words contains a subshift,
which we call L, consisting of limits of single code words. We show that when C
satisfies a unique decomposition property, the topological entropy h(X) of X is
determined completely by h(L) and the number of code words of each length. More
specifically, we show that h(X) = h(L) exactly when a certain infinite series
is less than or equal to 1, and when that series is greater than 1, we give a
formula for h(X_C). In the latter case, an immediate corollary (using results
of Climenhaga and Thompson) is that X has a unique measure of maximal entropy.
|
math.DS
|
any coded subshift x defined by a set c of code words contains a subshift which we call l consisting of limits of single code words we show that when c satisfies a unique decomposition property the topological entropy hx of x is determined completely by hl and the number of code words of each length more specifically we show that hx hl exactly when a certain infinite series is less than or equal to 1 and when that series is greater than 1 we give a formula for hx_c in the latter case an immediate corollary using results of climenhaga and thompson is that x has a unique measure of maximal entropy
|
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|
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|
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