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1,803.08867
|
Testing demand responsive shared transport services via agent-based
simulations
|
Demand Responsive Shared Transport DRST services take advantage of
Information and Communication Technologies ICT, to provide on demand transport
services booking in real time a ride on a shared vehicle. In this paper, an
agent-based model ABM is presented to test different the feasibility of
different service configurations in a real context. First results show the
impact of route choice strategy on the system performance.
|
cs.MA physics.soc-ph
|
demand responsive shared transport drst services take advantage of information and communication technologies ict to provide on demand transport services booking in real time a ride on a shared vehicle in this paper an agentbased model abm is presented to test different the feasibility of different service configurations in a real context first results show the impact of route choice strategy on the system performance
|
[['demand', 'responsive', 'shared', 'transport', 'drst', 'services', 'take', 'advantage', 'of', 'information', 'and', 'communication', 'technologies', 'ict', 'to', 'provide', 'on', 'demand', 'transport', 'services', 'booking', 'in', 'real', 'time', 'a', 'ride', 'on', 'a', 'shared', 'vehicle', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'an', 'agentbased', 'model', 'abm', 'is', 'presented', 'to', 'test', 'different', 'the', 'feasibility', 'of', 'different', 'service', 'configurations', 'in', 'a', 'real', 'context', 'first', 'results', 'show', 'the', 'impact', 'of', 'route', 'choice', 'strategy', 'on', 'the', 'system', 'performance']]
|
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|
1,803.08868
|
How does monetary policy affect income inequality in Japan? Evidence
from grouped data
|
We examine the effects of monetary policy on income inequality in Japan using
a novel econometric approach that jointly estimates the Gini coefficient based
on micro-level grouped data of households and the dynamics of macroeconomic
quantities. Our results indicate different effects on income inequality for
different types of households: A monetary tightening increases inequality when
income data is based on households whose head is employed (workers'
households), while the effect reverses over the medium term when considering a
broader definition of households. Differences in the relative strength of the
transmission channels can account for this finding. Finally we demonstrate that
the proposed joint estimation strategy leads to more informative inference
while results based on the frequently used two-step estimation approach yields
inconclusive results.
|
econ.EM
|
we examine the effects of monetary policy on income inequality in japan using a novel econometric approach that jointly estimates the gini coefficient based on microlevel grouped data of households and the dynamics of macroeconomic quantities our results indicate different effects on income inequality for different types of households a monetary tightening increases inequality when income data is based on households whose head is employed workers households while the effect reverses over the medium term when considering a broader definition of households differences in the relative strength of the transmission channels can account for this finding finally we demonstrate that the proposed joint estimation strategy leads to more informative inference while results based on the frequently used twostep estimation approach yields inconclusive results
|
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|
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|
1,803.08869
|
On the difficulty of a distributional semantics of spoken language
|
In the domain of unsupervised learning most work on speech has focused on
discovering low-level constructs such as phoneme inventories or word-like
units. In contrast, for written language, where there is a large body of work
on unsupervised induction of semantic representations of words, whole sentences
and longer texts. In this study we examine the challenges of adapting these
approaches from written to spoken language. We conjecture that unsupervised
learning of the semantics of spoken language becomes feasible if we abstract
from the surface variability. We simulate this setting with a dataset of
utterances spoken by a realistic but uniform synthetic voice. We evaluate two
simple unsupervised models which, to varying degrees of success, learn semantic
representations of speech fragments. Finally we present inconclusive results on
human speech, and discuss the challenges inherent in learning distributional
semantic representations on unrestricted natural spoken language.
|
cs.CL cs.LG cs.SD eess.AS
|
in the domain of unsupervised learning most work on speech has focused on discovering lowlevel constructs such as phoneme inventories or wordlike units in contrast for written language where there is a large body of work on unsupervised induction of semantic representations of words whole sentences and longer texts in this study we examine the challenges of adapting these approaches from written to spoken language we conjecture that unsupervised learning of the semantics of spoken language becomes feasible if we abstract from the surface variability we simulate this setting with a dataset of utterances spoken by a realistic but uniform synthetic voice we evaluate two simple unsupervised models which to varying degrees of success learn semantic representations of speech fragments finally we present inconclusive results on human speech and discuss the challenges inherent in learning distributional semantic representations on unrestricted natural spoken language
|
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|
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|
1,803.0887
|
High order Bellman equations and weakly chained diagonally dominant
tensors
|
We introduce high order Bellman equations, extending classical Bellman
equations to the tensor setting. We introduce weakly chained diagonally
dominant (w.c.d.d.) tensors and show that a sufficient condition for the
existence and uniqueness of a positive solution to a high order Bellman
equation is that the tensors appearing in the equation are w.c.d.d. M-tensors.
In this case, we give a policy iteration algorithm to compute this solution. We
also prove that a weakly diagonally dominant Z-tensor with nonnegative
diagonals is a strong M-tensor if and only if it is w.c.d.d. This last point is
analogous to a corresponding result in the matrix setting and tightens a result
from [L. Zhang, L. Qi, and G. Zhou. "M-tensors and some applications." SIAM
Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications (2014)]. We apply our results to
obtain a provably convergent numerical scheme for an optimal control problem
using an "optimize then discretize" approach which outperforms (in both
computation time and accuracy) a classical "discretize then optimize" approach.
To the best of our knowledge, a link between M-tensors and optimal control has
not been previously established.
|
math.RA math.NA
|
we introduce high order bellman equations extending classical bellman equations to the tensor setting we introduce weakly chained diagonally dominant wcdd tensors and show that a sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution to a high order bellman equation is that the tensors appearing in the equation are wcdd mtensors in this case we give a policy iteration algorithm to compute this solution we also prove that a weakly diagonally dominant ztensor with nonnegative diagonals is a strong mtensor if and only if it is wcdd this last point is analogous to a corresponding result in the matrix setting and tightens a result from l zhang l qi and g zhou mtensors and some applications siam journal on matrix analysis and applications 2014 we apply our results to obtain a provably convergent numerical scheme for an optimal control problem using an optimize then discretize approach which outperforms in both computation time and accuracy a classical discretize then optimize approach to the best of our knowledge a link between mtensors and optimal control has not been previously established
|
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|
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|
1,803.08871
|
Birational superrigidity and K-stability of singular Fano complete
intersections
|
We introduce an inductive argument for proving birational superrigidity and
K-stability of singular Fano complete intersections of index one, using the
same types of information from lower dimensions. In particular, we prove that a
hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ of degree $n+1$ with only ordinary
singularities of multiplicity at most $n-5$ is birationally superrigid and
K-stable if $n\gg0$. As part of the argument, we also establish an adjunction
type result for local volumes of singularities.
|
math.AG math.AC math.DG
|
we introduce an inductive argument for proving birational superrigidity and kstability of singular fano complete intersections of index one using the same types of information from lower dimensions in particular we prove that a hypersurface in mathbbpn1 of degree n1 with only ordinary singularities of multiplicity at most n5 is birationally superrigid and kstable if ngg0 as part of the argument we also establish an adjunction type result for local volumes of singularities
|
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|
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|
1,803.08872
|
Topological plasmons in dimerized chains of nanoparticles: robustness
against long-range quasistatic interactions and retardation effects
|
We present a simple model of collective plasmons in a dimerized chain of
spherical metallic nanoparticles, an elementary example of a topologically
nontrivial nanoplasmonic system. Taking into account long-range quasistatic
dipolar interactions throughout the chain, we provide an exact analytical
expression for the full quasistatic bandstructure of the collective plasmons.
An explicit calculation of the Zak phase proves the robustness of the
topological physics of the system against the inclusion of long-range Coulomb
interactions, despite the broken chiral symmetry. Using an open quantum systems
approach, which includes retardation through the plasmon-photon coupling, we go
on to analytically evaluate the resulting radiative frequency shifts of the
plasmonic spectrum. The bright plasmonic bands experience size-dependent
radiative shifts, while the dark bands are essentially unaffected by the
light-matter coupling. Notably, the upper transverse-polarized band presents a
logarithmic singularity where the quasistatic spectrum intersects the light
cone. At wavevectors away from this intersection and for subwavelength
nanoparticles, the plasmon-photon coupling only leads to a quantitative
reconstruction of the bandstructure and the topologically-protected states at
the edge of the first Brillouin zone are essentially unaffected.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall physics.optics
|
we present a simple model of collective plasmons in a dimerized chain of spherical metallic nanoparticles an elementary example of a topologically nontrivial nanoplasmonic system taking into account longrange quasistatic dipolar interactions throughout the chain we provide an exact analytical expression for the full quasistatic bandstructure of the collective plasmons an explicit calculation of the zak phase proves the robustness of the topological physics of the system against the inclusion of longrange coulomb interactions despite the broken chiral symmetry using an open quantum systems approach which includes retardation through the plasmonphoton coupling we go on to analytically evaluate the resulting radiative frequency shifts of the plasmonic spectrum the bright plasmonic bands experience sizedependent radiative shifts while the dark bands are essentially unaffected by the lightmatter coupling notably the upper transversepolarized band presents a logarithmic singularity where the quasistatic spectrum intersects the light cone at wavevectors away from this intersection and for subwavelength nanoparticles the plasmonphoton coupling only leads to a quantitative reconstruction of the bandstructure and the topologicallyprotected states at the edge of the first brillouin zone are essentially unaffected
|
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|
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|
1,803.08873
|
Uses of Sigma Models
|
This is a brief review of some of the uses of nonlinear sigma models. After a
short general discussion touching on point particles, strings and condensed
matter systems, focus is shifted to sigma models as probes of target space
geometries. The relation of supersymmetric non-linear sigma models to K\"ahler,
hyperk\"ahler, hyperk\"ahler with torsion and generalised K\"ahler geometries
is described.
|
hep-th math.DG
|
this is a brief review of some of the uses of nonlinear sigma models after a short general discussion touching on point particles strings and condensed matter systems focus is shifted to sigma models as probes of target space geometries the relation of supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models to kahler hyperkahler hyperkahler with torsion and generalised kahler geometries is described
|
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|
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|
1,803.08874
|
A mosaic of Chu spaces and Channel Theory with applications to Object
Identification and Mereological Complexity
|
Chu Spaces and Channel Theory are well established areas of investigation in
the general context of category theory. We review a range of examples and
applications of these methods in logic and computer science, including Formal
Concept Analysis, distributed systems and ontology development. We then employ
these methods to describe human object perception, beginning with the
construction of uncategorized object files and proceeding through
categorization, individual object identification and the tracking of object
identity through time. We investigate the relationship between abstraction and
mereological categorization, particularly as these affect object identity
tracking. This we accomplish in terms of information flow that is semantically
structured in terms of local logics, while at the same time this framework also
provides an inferential mechanism towards identification and perception. We
show how a mereotopology naturally emerges from the representation of
classifications by simplicial complexes, and briefly explore the emergence of
geometric relations and interactions between objects.
|
cs.AI cs.IT cs.MA math.CT math.IT
|
chu spaces and channel theory are well established areas of investigation in the general context of category theory we review a range of examples and applications of these methods in logic and computer science including formal concept analysis distributed systems and ontology development we then employ these methods to describe human object perception beginning with the construction of uncategorized object files and proceeding through categorization individual object identification and the tracking of object identity through time we investigate the relationship between abstraction and mereological categorization particularly as these affect object identity tracking this we accomplish in terms of information flow that is semantically structured in terms of local logics while at the same time this framework also provides an inferential mechanism towards identification and perception we show how a mereotopology naturally emerges from the representation of classifications by simplicial complexes and briefly explore the emergence of geometric relations and interactions between objects
|
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|
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|
1,803.08875
|
The Analytical Representations for 2-D Flows around a Semi-Submerged
Vertical Plate in a Uniform Stream
|
The complex potentials representing flows around a vertical plate
semi-submerged in a uniform stream are derived in analytical forms by the
reduction method. They are composed from the regular solution and a weak
singular eigen solution. The linear combinations of them represent some flows
such as regular flow, zero-vertical flux flow, flow satisfying Kutta condition
and wave-free flow. The wave resistances of the flows are also obtained in
analytical forms. The analytical solution obtained by Bessho-Mizuno(1962) has a
possibility that it does not satisfy the boundary condition on the plate.
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
the complex potentials representing flows around a vertical plate semisubmerged in a uniform stream are derived in analytical forms by the reduction method they are composed from the regular solution and a weak singular eigen solution the linear combinations of them represent some flows such as regular flow zerovertical flux flow flow satisfying kutta condition and wavefree flow the wave resistances of the flows are also obtained in analytical forms the analytical solution obtained by besshomizuno1962 has a possibility that it does not satisfy the boundary condition on the plate
|
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|
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|
1,803.08876
|
Dynamic Programming for POMDP with Jointly Discrete and Continuous
State-Spaces
|
In this work, we study dynamic programming (DP) algorithms for partially
observable Markov decision processes with jointly continuous and discrete
state-spaces. We consider a class of stochastic systems which have coupled
discrete and continuous systems, where only the continuous state is observable.
Such a family of systems includes many real world systems, for example,
Markovian jump linear systems and physical systems interacting with humans. A
finite history of observations is used as a new information state, and the
convergence of the corresponding DP algorithms is proved. In particular, we
prove that the DP iterations converge to a certain bounded set around an
optimal solution. Although deterministic DP algorithms are studied in this
paper, it is expected that this fundamental work lays foundations for advanced
studies on reinforcement learning algorithms under the same family of systems.
|
math.OC
|
in this work we study dynamic programming dp algorithms for partially observable markov decision processes with jointly continuous and discrete statespaces we consider a class of stochastic systems which have coupled discrete and continuous systems where only the continuous state is observable such a family of systems includes many real world systems for example markovian jump linear systems and physical systems interacting with humans a finite history of observations is used as a new information state and the convergence of the corresponding dp algorithms is proved in particular we prove that the dp iterations converge to a certain bounded set around an optimal solution although deterministic dp algorithms are studied in this paper it is expected that this fundamental work lays foundations for advanced studies on reinforcement learning algorithms under the same family of systems
|
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|
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|
1,803.08877
|
Long-range Kitaev Chains via Planar Josephson Junctions
|
We show how a recently proposed solid state Majorana platform comprising a
planar Josephson junction proximitized to a 2D electron gas (2DEG) with Rashba
spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman field can be viewed as an effectively one
dimensional (1D) Kitaev chain with long-range pairing and hopping terms. We
highlight how the couplings of the 1D system may be tuned by changing
experimentally realistic parameters. We also show that the mapping is robust to
disorder by computing the Clifford pseudospectrum index in real space for the
long-range Kitaev chain across several topological phases. This mapping opens
up the possibility of using current experimental setups to explore 1D
topological superconductors with non-standard, and tunable couplings.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con
|
we show how a recently proposed solid state majorana platform comprising a planar josephson junction proximitized to a 2d electron gas 2deg with rashba spinorbit coupling and zeeman field can be viewed as an effectively one dimensional 1d kitaev chain with longrange pairing and hopping terms we highlight how the couplings of the 1d system may be tuned by changing experimentally realistic parameters we also show that the mapping is robust to disorder by computing the clifford pseudospectrum index in real space for the longrange kitaev chain across several topological phases this mapping opens up the possibility of using current experimental setups to explore 1d topological superconductors with nonstandard and tunable couplings
|
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|
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|
1,803.08878
|
Projectable Lie algebras of vector fields in 3D
|
Starting with Lie's classification of finite-dimensional transitive Lie
algebras of vector fields on $\mathbb C^2$ we construct Lie algebras of vector
fields on the bundle $\mathbb C^2 \times \mathbb C$ by lifting the Lie algebras
from the base. There are essentially three types of transitive lifts and we
compute all of them for the Lie algebras from Lie's classification. The
simplest type of lift is encoded by Lie algebra cohomology.
|
math.DG
|
starting with lies classification of finitedimensional transitive lie algebras of vector fields on mathbb c2 we construct lie algebras of vector fields on the bundle mathbb c2 times mathbb c by lifting the lie algebras from the base there are essentially three types of transitive lifts and we compute all of them for the lie algebras from lies classification the simplest type of lift is encoded by lie algebra cohomology
|
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|
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|
1,803.08879
|
Anomalous breaking of scale invariance in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
|
The frequency of the breathing mode of a classical two dimensional Fermi gas
in a harmonic confinement is fixed by the scale invariance of the Hamiltonian.
Scale invariance is broken on the quantum mechanical level by introducing the
two dimensional scattering length as a regulator. This is an example of a
quantum anomaly in the field of ultracold atoms and leads to a shift of the
frequency of the collective breathing mode of the cloud. In this work, we study
this anomalous frequency shift for a two component Fermi gas in the strongly
interacting regime. We measure significant shifts away from the scale invariant
result that depend strongly on both interactions and temperature. We find
qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations at zero temperature.
|
cond-mat.quant-gas quant-ph
|
the frequency of the breathing mode of a classical two dimensional fermi gas in a harmonic confinement is fixed by the scale invariance of the hamiltonian scale invariance is broken on the quantum mechanical level by introducing the two dimensional scattering length as a regulator this is an example of a quantum anomaly in the field of ultracold atoms and leads to a shift of the frequency of the collective breathing mode of the cloud in this work we study this anomalous frequency shift for a two component fermi gas in the strongly interacting regime we measure significant shifts away from the scale invariant result that depend strongly on both interactions and temperature we find qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations at zero temperature
|
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|
[-0.19217376820686297, 0.23826724587198123, -0.08951903413034733, 0.01911946562709423, -0.010204000703278718, -0.10775805773342226, 0.06933631201376911, 0.34571631180077067, -0.260146034423383, -0.24516309192025565, 0.05044400533453024, -0.282316803901903, -0.11444814912444813, 0.182234943259462, 0.01782694708828519, 0.026004677615696338, 0.005540742404471204, 0.0617281171470517, -0.05577286423138547, -0.15308757214541963, 0.3544435285607247, 0.08162739820498216, 0.3101742633323117, 0.08131187953569782, 0.0779918451761312, -0.006221808576426371, 0.03498561262357526, 0.021648351723949116, -0.11208762187063287, 0.10094858113131146, 0.19660873061454878, -0.04406218569559174, 0.24005528758999292, -0.37447021049030915, -0.20973447130091974, 0.05291087682381636, 0.12832068463567856, 0.16395614821675833, -0.04937593119665677, -0.26176692131240437, -0.035383680146338976, -0.15342229115208839, -0.17737509166382678, -0.06377805028549903, -0.005301325808173212, -0.030592589837885122, -0.22750372896198093, 0.132784036991406, 0.07976938537662713, 0.12517159036307443, -0.07203153089991188, -0.036035280678481836, 0.012825456057955337, 0.08265568584021998, 0.05980844699732232, 0.05130708044535874, 0.16578806627435777, -0.1414446806819301, -0.09196073973430245, 0.41803086296905106, -0.13959175101254226, -0.16291302687874654, 0.2210790225422025, -0.1960303738440682, -0.11832950607593345, 0.13743636283145202, 0.1594368388906606, 0.049081430195005445, -0.10461070592329663, 0.11303613117112346, -0.043532160708938186, 0.19170113833814223, 0.06746300603300939, 0.04855458953977909, 0.239200138759504, 0.15582892867713805, 0.06132010046517613, 0.13618089151530852, -0.10470388586277037, -0.10823423056143934, -0.30166353079361646, -0.13544475513593696, -0.2095200631599987, 0.04854907093160763, -0.06532769522992175, -0.15600577385215197, 0.4220472795328474, 0.12372406708063345, 0.2450663828200138, 0.014486919829197894, 0.28597934637975886, 0.17798982898239046, 0.08590650323085577, 0.03120563392398682, 0.26701757314471086, 0.11223276568826561, 0.057259788653412004, -0.33524446749143544, -0.05228223829961768, 0.047865637930155525]
|
1,803.0888
|
On the decays $B \to K^{(*)} + $ leptonium
|
We determine the rates of the $B$ meson decays into a $K^{(*)}$ and an
$\ell^+ \ell^-$ bound state, the leptonium, where $\ell = e,\mu,\tau$. The two
spin states of the leptonium, the spin singlet and the spin triplet, couple to
the axial current and to the vector current, respectively, thus probing
different helicity structures of the underlying $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ effective
Hamiltonian. Since ortho- and para-leptonia have different decay modes, a
distinction between the two is relatively easy and these decays may become a
cross check for the results of lepton-flavour-violation searches obtained with
free leptons. We find that some of the decays involving muon and tau have a
branching ratio of the order of $10^{-13}$ and they may become accessible at
the LHCb with 50 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. In addition, since the
tau-pair threshold lies right between the $J/\psi$ and the $\psi(2S)$
resonances, we estimate the charm-loop contribution to the decays $B \to
K^{(*)} + $tauonium.
|
hep-ph
|
we determine the rates of the b meson decays into a k and an ell ell bound state the leptonium where ell emutau the two spin states of the leptonium the spin singlet and the spin triplet couple to the axial current and to the vector current respectively thus probing different helicity structures of the underlying bto s ellell effective hamiltonian since ortho and paraleptonia have different decay modes a distinction between the two is relatively easy and these decays may become a cross check for the results of leptonflavourviolation searches obtained with free leptons we find that some of the decays involving muon and tau have a branching ratio of the order of 1013 and they may become accessible at the lhcb with 50 fb1 of integrated luminosity in addition since the taupair threshold lies right between the jpsi and the psi2s resonances we estimate the charmloop contribution to the decays b to k tauonium
|
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|
[-0.10981705001526658, 0.2672288396008133, -0.04328398537737402, 0.11182959991062737, -0.043615134085177795, -0.13930432323680877, 0.05010191271045281, 0.3090499297219825, -0.2265927486950169, -0.26173213275463936, 0.009998127912600562, -0.3386920084511595, 0.03166260478175971, 0.13620703780491436, 0.13305130610000585, 0.04775098590905984, 0.048524761112866466, 0.04311521289350054, -0.05805943950378735, -0.19954793022147246, 0.2427797728677752, -0.022937558313178553, 0.19785702805482336, 0.12070331672908037, 0.01967422849825257, -0.012570831582990365, -0.014820117388501183, -0.08333363577076415, -0.1541246937048964, 0.07630211121346742, 0.22055112726550985, 0.10161970082561594, 0.14806108487249872, -0.3672959884423037, -0.031862960287744733, 0.1655511270827529, 0.17841180454782368, 0.07218595203647221, 0.006887422620572827, -0.3207546990642977, 0.13552080900952607, -0.1629469972360855, -0.05181809270439984, -0.06569450765291786, 0.062246269026359956, -0.0935004675978577, -0.34534889081033404, 0.06229913815785677, 0.011321934754960239, 0.02133195063907369, -0.0324726212337347, -0.236327527078812, -0.05467856236939113, 0.054628391021427206, 0.1279712243280797, 0.08012861367118508, 0.14777074211168212, -0.16330979074738533, -0.15755253156507992, 0.3299323994509102, -0.07280162227711967, -0.17120051679697323, 0.1886865756921954, -0.1968721907537479, -0.09747498310866536, 0.14359471452265204, 0.18801746349902704, 0.08330212973839492, -0.1282982665458815, 0.09951655240427074, -0.002365117623507009, 0.14000851358589414, 0.06476270603378873, 0.09846965380484698, 0.20272429037669842, 0.12784209327361026, 0.02894271106168918, 0.06681725535354299, -0.15193916032356874, -0.035896189152505004, -0.3583452468375107, -0.176332692841337, -0.09230564909234232, 0.10520581522279543, -0.03312783616567756, -0.08461011120408483, 0.4109045206871513, 0.0763836127733086, 0.310341335935881, 0.02169828038275629, 0.2836036249971041, 0.11812041643606318, 0.05675049846675912, 0.08202924312382646, 0.30036661018978034, 0.21181308886628936, 0.0841070999687707, -0.29807048744836506, 0.03425575933394978, -0.010937275192639852]
|
1,803.08881
|
The Langlands parameter of a simple supercuspidal representation:
Symplectic groups
|
Let $\pi$ be a simple supercuspidal representation of the symplectic group
$Sp_{2l}(F)$, over a $p$-adic field $F$. In this work, we explicitly compute
the Rankin-Selberg $\gamma$-factor of rank-$1$ twists of $\pi$. We then
completely determine the Langlands parameter of $\pi$, if $p \neq 2$. In the
case that $F = \mathbb{Q}_2$, we give a conjectural description of the
functorial lift of $\pi$, with which, using a recent work of Bushnell and
Henniart, one can obtain its Langlands parameter.
|
math.RT
|
let pi be a simple supercuspidal representation of the symplectic group sp_2lf over a padic field f in this work we explicitly compute the rankinselberg gammafactor of rank1 twists of pi we then completely determine the langlands parameter of pi if p neq 2 in the case that f mathbbq_2 we give a conjectural description of the functorial lift of pi with which using a recent work of bushnell and henniart one can obtain its langlands parameter
|
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|
[-0.21597378513481663, 0.07675111016846801, -0.22541923151890697, -0.0014189340275295667, -0.1303666537829773, -0.15945957029409902, 0.03225384348709332, 0.24587984564469048, -0.3301224215385063, -0.19733042146177276, -0.017180067094925203, -0.17751354189883722, -0.17385698262890065, 0.1814918381921751, -0.1172992737326575, -0.03394321807565192, 0.013394023818699153, 0.12394554685115029, -0.14576467347490651, -0.27883275772297855, 0.3450299410492574, -0.05795056657868707, 0.1434236484683903, 0.02577030556398983, 0.06971486079457559, 0.060401531366790696, 0.03157285508993817, -0.1043848735984954, -0.1929051971135203, 0.13716569376073925, 0.35043510017414137, 0.05631283779726609, 0.1902746125124395, -0.37592059261116545, -0.09431915259062264, 0.24353946662066797, 0.14683197469965212, 0.004406667404078976, 0.03007712255624172, -0.29562379392537924, 0.14518099322326875, -0.2209037546019413, -0.12839879047762798, -0.1394682109576503, 0.079967343415391, -0.0312811027213588, -0.2962611760686789, 0.00573395898467616, 0.0963434743891029, 0.16913754854498333, -0.07320646717868697, -0.14224727585372565, -0.0021489603739035757, 0.07022919541371889, 0.028386753125998535, 0.14784435908261098, 0.09014374390244484, -0.13186910678326202, -0.0819834501177722, 0.34792427520120617, -0.07300593398854528, -0.21140685664431658, 0.06360848398272585, -0.18333480831260154, -0.17277208150756596, 0.09368672398360152, 0.06877143259503339, 0.15633889485003524, 0.006550131377911097, 0.23445215872657413, -0.1732429750263691, 0.05570486507770654, 0.09282805676277923, -0.08418236816865637, 0.12273669906426221, 0.01468711329538277, 0.048744234967431875, 0.11558137431367006, -0.022252406943344363, 0.04654889855239736, -0.38573003913226883, -0.20474292570725083, -0.10405321304049146, 0.1435176765815796, -0.08585532511393754, -0.11318567614561241, 0.4625567562485996, 0.07749046064380213, 0.24922533823164963, 0.15922877516775197, 0.22706421364196822, 0.10576726077124476, 0.01154564924869, 0.046340862629126366, 0.11469560709634893, 0.2316556490565601, -0.08161586730305939, -0.18417780135917527, -0.041270065165774306, 0.1878154226762586]
|
1,803.08882
|
Trace your sources in large-scale data: one ring to find them all
|
An important preprocessing step in most data analysis pipelines aims to
extract a small set of sources that explain most of the data. Currently used
algorithms for blind source separation (BSS), however, often fail to extract
the desired sources and need extensive cross-validation. In contrast, their
rarely used probabilistic counterparts can get away with little
cross-validation and are more accurate and reliable but no simple and scalable
implementations are available. Here we present a novel probabilistic BSS
framework (DECOMPOSE) that can be flexibly adjusted to the data, is extensible
and easy to use, adapts to individual sources and handles large-scale data
through algorithmic efficiency. DECOMPOSE encompasses and generalises many
traditional BSS algorithms such as PCA, ICA and NMF and we demonstrate
substantial improvements in accuracy and robustness on artificial and real
data.
|
stat.ML cs.LG stat.ME
|
an important preprocessing step in most data analysis pipelines aims to extract a small set of sources that explain most of the data currently used algorithms for blind source separation bss however often fail to extract the desired sources and need extensive crossvalidation in contrast their rarely used probabilistic counterparts can get away with little crossvalidation and are more accurate and reliable but no simple and scalable implementations are available here we present a novel probabilistic bss framework decompose that can be flexibly adjusted to the data is extensible and easy to use adapts to individual sources and handles largescale data through algorithmic efficiency decompose encompasses and generalises many traditional bss algorithms such as pca ica and nmf and we demonstrate substantial improvements in accuracy and robustness on artificial and real data
|
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|
[-0.036496085090964865, -0.04135147446251005, -0.10257088889678319, 0.1317987554560232, -0.15231709982882338, -0.1930476164967386, 0.07064533441492434, 0.4645151791416786, -0.25887840796635964, -0.3548007709905505, 0.141604584221072, -0.2675723532919426, -0.12751950674371046, 0.2242755863293441, -0.12096584954468365, 0.08742156366034495, 0.10830516145021345, -0.015680173068892946, -0.027380809191416836, -0.2359140086707405, 0.24557650407024828, 0.07053988803156906, 0.33221815862678783, -0.00012784452657356405, 0.08402343367131172, -0.007472704528591941, -0.10861679293730324, 0.0049608725239522755, -0.03614903550128061, 0.1471047876543845, 0.3629609951961108, 0.2353034199384803, 0.26986822581172665, -0.44573492126779235, -0.20740028676774466, 0.1322072320970509, 0.20002237390938468, 0.125175976078026, -0.03358268322898022, -0.25399966809588176, 0.11061665163354271, -0.1389656038390416, -0.04227764177079679, -0.20266089446588673, -0.029759511817246675, 0.0230063304889799, -0.2854142291471362, 0.059455376442973364, 0.026399269328756032, 0.04248077460480007, -0.021772538934425083, -0.16347543103267637, 0.030537382101597774, 0.17068349973961824, 0.018159845200099164, 0.03269219975283539, 0.1364559831351719, -0.08258261792291181, -0.11381536600829074, 0.38925211516801606, -0.02760385722451081, -0.2127577497581528, 0.24834990607500498, -0.015201251329430803, -0.18503015245677848, 0.12508677626310877, 0.2380076535469429, 0.08892319544931084, -0.19149118090387096, 0.0014591653761630314, 0.04090854834595865, 0.23386046311740452, 0.010700672617972348, 0.01713817905913333, 0.15343186409551313, 0.18756731512081443, 0.07878265768301913, 0.12209449136527396, -0.12601885298147064, -0.06124173248694702, -0.21729547900472287, -0.10909120991169458, -0.1908265844227351, -0.036664446730300726, -0.10566784680883178, -0.14076969273606443, 0.344059231267734, 0.2371335779157975, 0.19637384718710868, 0.05138405503451147, 0.3875624956457283, 0.02571150831091941, 0.10160418179073145, 0.1209069717036927, 0.18807965112500824, 0.08035972713894973, 0.08528717135248537, -0.12836625099589583, 0.07978719184669017, -0.07142867713065987]
|
1,803.08883
|
Fermionic Entanglement in Superconducting Systems
|
We examine distinct measures of fermionic entanglement in the exact ground
state of a finite superconducting system. It is first shown that global
measures such as the one-body entanglement entropy, which represents the
minimum relative entropy between the exact ground state and the set of
fermionic gaussian states, exhibit a close correlation with the BCS gap,
saturating in the strong superconducting regime. The same behavior is displayed
by the bipartite entanglement between the set of all single particle states $k$
of positive quasimomenta and their time reversed partners $\bar{k}$. In
contrast, the entanglement associated with the reduced density matrix of four
single particle modes $k,\bar{k}$, $k',\bar{k}'$, which can be measured through
a properly defined fermionic concurrence, exhibits a different behavior,
showing a peak in the vicinity of the superconducting transition for states
$k,k'$ close to the fermi level and becoming small in the strong coupling
regime. In the latter such reduced state exhibits, instead, a finite mutual
information and quantum discord. And while the first measures can be correctly
estimated with the BCS approximation, the previous four-level concurrence lies
strictly beyond the latter, requiring at least a particle number projected BCS
treatment for its description. Formal properties of all previous entanglement
measures are as well discussed.
|
quant-ph
|
we examine distinct measures of fermionic entanglement in the exact ground state of a finite superconducting system it is first shown that global measures such as the onebody entanglement entropy which represents the minimum relative entropy between the exact ground state and the set of fermionic gaussian states exhibit a close correlation with the bcs gap saturating in the strong superconducting regime the same behavior is displayed by the bipartite entanglement between the set of all single particle states k of positive quasimomenta and their time reversed partners bark in contrast the entanglement associated with the reduced density matrix of four single particle modes kbark kbark which can be measured through a properly defined fermionic concurrence exhibits a different behavior showing a peak in the vicinity of the superconducting transition for states kk close to the fermi level and becoming small in the strong coupling regime in the latter such reduced state exhibits instead a finite mutual information and quantum discord and while the first measures can be correctly estimated with the bcs approximation the previous fourlevel concurrence lies strictly beyond the latter requiring at least a particle number projected bcs treatment for its description formal properties of all previous entanglement measures are as well discussed
|
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|
[-0.16576774298039365, 0.2154877649586833, -0.07708656892533079, 0.0869301371039027, 0.047632041430209306, -0.18248335128758572, 0.07213309291610043, 0.290492642837016, -0.23622395119684053, -0.2663748587924734, 0.00854197106419077, -0.33602773876933073, -0.0717997483104395, 0.13443072397856368, 0.026159865586132317, 0.09594128716898657, 0.029971968650747798, 0.11953107312941037, -0.11579741395046952, -0.2026624914905219, 0.323680407424159, 0.015237700810669514, 0.3012173549301506, 0.084895073231061, 0.06865562396621314, 0.0031323862992208994, 0.07948488544094041, 0.03384116705669796, -0.10439119187034061, 0.05305132585339185, 0.2662229206259317, 0.07372853391845055, 0.23621393293503998, -0.3757120292606646, -0.18479102145082507, 0.1261342587277239, 0.13543149442705824, 0.13427482289262116, 0.03522316431988356, -0.3337499511058587, 0.022342386289309818, -0.18365778511692996, -0.11979348331156359, -0.07143049728853212, -0.005236616661066859, -0.026596032081056584, -0.233438008966702, 0.1208135277073541, 0.040320353755040506, 0.06002198197515523, -0.031435285017597354, -0.10356540764847011, -0.06293395404575067, 0.1124561494589304, 0.014490003665644693, 0.026243821351175214, 0.12984998713392149, -0.13951155238387003, -0.08685620341114293, 0.32357987517364395, -0.0843877797574483, -0.16765492955602487, 0.19447201853606724, -0.16995289320300233, -0.05931520292273207, 0.1225200567803644, 0.07239021204448151, 0.07658922627287944, -0.11605610328192995, 0.07467649500332185, -0.044469849424079534, 0.17333397005788656, 0.04518976501071627, 0.1451807439358887, 0.22295709919564208, 0.1133658079361516, 0.08396586003143666, 0.19063630911975973, -0.0738656340546689, -0.16244122638023523, -0.3164443863212194, -0.16442234250965518, -0.25026121652499744, 0.03351559919006761, -0.09498243918607081, -0.16647699624297177, 0.41823114419030477, 0.07411756672561892, 0.21531592511562903, 0.04242346260710213, 0.24445745062300014, 0.17343006163931032, 0.0422618762879334, 0.09068511789596811, 0.2646775895670888, 0.15669992910720662, 0.0496909629408885, -0.3052018904579279, 0.06659105355010449, 0.0443437663924166]
|
1,803.08884
|
Inequity aversion improves cooperation in intertemporal social dilemmas
|
Groups of humans are often able to find ways to cooperate with one another in
complex, temporally extended social dilemmas. Models based on behavioral
economics are only able to explain this phenomenon for unrealistic stateless
matrix games. Recently, multi-agent reinforcement learning has been applied to
generalize social dilemma problems to temporally and spatially extended Markov
games. However, this has not yet generated an agent that learns to cooperate in
social dilemmas as humans do. A key insight is that many, but not all, human
individuals have inequity averse social preferences. This promotes a particular
resolution of the matrix game social dilemma wherein inequity-averse
individuals are personally pro-social and punish defectors. Here we extend this
idea to Markov games and show that it promotes cooperation in several types of
sequential social dilemma, via a profitable interaction with policy
learnability. In particular, we find that inequity aversion improves temporal
credit assignment for the important class of intertemporal social dilemmas.
These results help explain how large-scale cooperation may emerge and persist.
|
cs.NE cs.AI cs.GT cs.MA q-bio.PE
|
groups of humans are often able to find ways to cooperate with one another in complex temporally extended social dilemmas models based on behavioral economics are only able to explain this phenomenon for unrealistic stateless matrix games recently multiagent reinforcement learning has been applied to generalize social dilemma problems to temporally and spatially extended markov games however this has not yet generated an agent that learns to cooperate in social dilemmas as humans do a key insight is that many but not all human individuals have inequity averse social preferences this promotes a particular resolution of the matrix game social dilemma wherein inequityaverse individuals are personally prosocial and punish defectors here we extend this idea to markov games and show that it promotes cooperation in several types of sequential social dilemma via a profitable interaction with policy learnability in particular we find that inequity aversion improves temporal credit assignment for the important class of intertemporal social dilemmas these results help explain how largescale cooperation may emerge and persist
|
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|
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|
1,803.08885
|
Defeasible Reasoning in SROEL: from Rational Entailment to Rational
Closure
|
In this work we study a rational extension $SROEL^R T$ of the low complexity
description logic SROEL, which underlies the OWL EL ontology language. The
extension involves a typicality operator T, whose semantics is based on Lehmann
and Magidor's ranked models and allows for the definition of defeasible
inclusions. We consider both rational entailment and minimal entailment. We
show that deciding instance checking under minimal entailment is in general
$\Pi^P_2$-hard, while, under rational entailment, instance checking can be
computed in polynomial time. We develop a Datalog calculus for instance
checking under rational entailment and exploit it, with stratified negation,
for computing the rational closure of simple KBs in polynomial time.
|
cs.AI
|
in this work we study a rational extension sroelr t of the low complexity description logic sroel which underlies the owl el ontology language the extension involves a typicality operator t whose semantics is based on lehmann and magidors ranked models and allows for the definition of defeasible inclusions we consider both rational entailment and minimal entailment we show that deciding instance checking under minimal entailment is in general pip_2hard while under rational entailment instance checking can be computed in polynomial time we develop a datalog calculus for instance checking under rational entailment and exploit it with stratified negation for computing the rational closure of simple kbs in polynomial time
|
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|
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|
1,803.08886
|
Intercell Wireless Communication in Software-defined Metasurfaces
|
Tunable metasurfaces are ultra-thin, artificial electromagnetic components
that provide engineered and externally adjustable functionalities. The
programmable metasurface, the HyperSurFace, concept consists in integrating
controllers within the metasurface that interact locally and communicate
globally to obtain a given electromagnetic behaviour. Here, we address the
design constraints introduced by both functions accommodated by the
programmable metasurface, i.e., the desired metasurface operation and the unit
cells wireless communication enabling such programmable functionality. The
design process for meeting both sets of specifications is thoroughly discussed.
Two scenarios for wireless intercell communication are proposed. The first
exploits the metasurface layer itself, while the second employs a dedicated
communication layer beneath the metasurface backplane. Complexity and
performance trade-offs are highlighted.
|
physics.app-ph
|
tunable metasurfaces are ultrathin artificial electromagnetic components that provide engineered and externally adjustable functionalities the programmable metasurface the hypersurface concept consists in integrating controllers within the metasurface that interact locally and communicate globally to obtain a given electromagnetic behaviour here we address the design constraints introduced by both functions accommodated by the programmable metasurface ie the desired metasurface operation and the unit cells wireless communication enabling such programmable functionality the design process for meeting both sets of specifications is thoroughly discussed two scenarios for wireless intercell communication are proposed the first exploits the metasurface layer itself while the second employs a dedicated communication layer beneath the metasurface backplane complexity and performance tradeoffs are highlighted
|
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|
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|
1,803.08887
|
Dist-GAN: An Improved GAN using Distance Constraints
|
We introduce effective training algorithms for Generative Adversarial
Networks (GAN) to alleviate mode collapse and gradient vanishing. In our
system, we constrain the generator by an Autoencoder (AE). We propose a
formulation to consider the reconstructed samples from AE as "real" samples for
the discriminator. This couples the convergence of the AE with that of the
discriminator, effectively slowing down the convergence of discriminator and
reducing gradient vanishing. Importantly, we propose two novel distance
constraints to improve the generator. First, we propose a latent-data distance
constraint to enforce compatibility between the latent sample distances and the
corresponding data sample distances. We use this constraint to explicitly
prevent the generator from mode collapse. Second, we propose a
discriminator-score distance constraint to align the distribution of the
generated samples with that of the real samples through the discriminator
score. We use this constraint to guide the generator to synthesize samples that
resemble the real ones. Our proposed GAN using these distance constraints,
namely Dist-GAN, can achieve better results than state-of-the-art methods
across benchmark datasets: synthetic, MNIST, MNIST-1K, CelebA, CIFAR-10 and
STL-10 datasets. Our code is published here (https://github.com/tntrung/gan)
for research.
|
cs.CV
|
we introduce effective training algorithms for generative adversarial networks gan to alleviate mode collapse and gradient vanishing in our system we constrain the generator by an autoencoder ae we propose a formulation to consider the reconstructed samples from ae as real samples for the discriminator this couples the convergence of the ae with that of the discriminator effectively slowing down the convergence of discriminator and reducing gradient vanishing importantly we propose two novel distance constraints to improve the generator first we propose a latentdata distance constraint to enforce compatibility between the latent sample distances and the corresponding data sample distances we use this constraint to explicitly prevent the generator from mode collapse second we propose a discriminatorscore distance constraint to align the distribution of the generated samples with that of the real samples through the discriminator score we use this constraint to guide the generator to synthesize samples that resemble the real ones our proposed gan using these distance constraints namely distgan can achieve better results than stateoftheart methods across benchmark datasets synthetic mnist mnist1k celeba cifar10 and stl10 datasets our code is published here httpsgithubcomtntrunggan for research
|
[['we', 'introduce', 'effective', 'training', 'algorithms', 'for', 'generative', 'adversarial', 'networks', 'gan', 'to', 'alleviate', 'mode', 'collapse', 'and', 'gradient', 'vanishing', 'in', 'our', 'system', 'we', 'constrain', 'the', 'generator', 'by', 'an', 'autoencoder', 'ae', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'formulation', 'to', 'consider', 'the', 'reconstructed', 'samples', 'from', 'ae', 'as', 'real', 'samples', 'for', 'the', 'discriminator', 'this', 'couples', 'the', 'convergence', 'of', 'the', 'ae', 'with', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'discriminator', 'effectively', 'slowing', 'down', 'the', 'convergence', 'of', 'discriminator', 'and', 'reducing', 'gradient', 'vanishing', 'importantly', 'we', 'propose', 'two', 'novel', 'distance', 'constraints', 'to', 'improve', 'the', 'generator', 'first', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'latentdata', 'distance', 'constraint', 'to', 'enforce', 'compatibility', 'between', 'the', 'latent', 'sample', 'distances', 'and', 'the', 'corresponding', 'data', 'sample', 'distances', 'we', 'use', 'this', 'constraint', 'to', 'explicitly', 'prevent', 'the', 'generator', 'from', 'mode', 'collapse', 'second', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'discriminatorscore', 'distance', 'constraint', 'to', 'align', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'generated', 'samples', 'with', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'real', 'samples', 'through', 'the', 'discriminator', 'score', 'we', 'use', 'this', 'constraint', 'to', 'guide', 'the', 'generator', 'to', 'synthesize', 'samples', 'that', 'resemble', 'the', 'real', 'ones', 'our', 'proposed', 'gan', 'using', 'these', 'distance', 'constraints', 'namely', 'distgan', 'can', 'achieve', 'better', 'results', 'than', 'stateoftheart', 'methods', 'across', 'benchmark', 'datasets', 'synthetic', 'mnist', 'mnist1k', 'celeba', 'cifar10', 'and', 'stl10', 'datasets', 'our', 'code', 'is', 'published', 'here', 'httpsgithubcomtntrunggan', 'for', 'research']]
|
[-0.021994995574156444, -0.0002884615435808276, -0.07173101290617688, 0.08318742428641623, -0.11322948322605973, -0.14460865321411379, 0.048112131258259055, 0.4251752579991853, -0.29359411315666767, -0.35738824551309273, 0.04897307197097689, -0.3029541663642301, -0.13479738318631068, 0.15313164316769182, -0.09882622871476689, 0.060566622032300454, 0.12606192870279315, 0.004377995989198893, -0.11611047640183299, -0.2848391143396456, 0.33516236947711986, 0.05992893227045246, 0.3504163138644739, -0.02692106493896311, 0.13597305938716, -0.06813359700838012, 0.030836432761273503, -0.021652004874917002, -0.10949466774004601, 0.14807851940630096, 0.20064839513468571, 0.2020142999772858, 0.28308601485555124, -0.408941390450463, -0.20588255083300377, 0.11606111832451625, 0.09082449161411961, 0.11613812738322765, -0.06465315070420585, -0.3055758628169777, 0.14208084535247473, -0.11977634380464672, -0.008000934454536096, -0.1221843600944906, -0.057521193965129516, 0.025497121611085867, -0.36204398576109137, 0.06667152351284364, 0.06843663146464876, 0.0146905521002135, -0.060559133161877186, -0.10248885948981967, -0.015457031056234012, 0.14452014120723136, 0.05134939548401722, 0.08522679682189975, 0.11908781444755652, -0.1021327698448052, -0.12834580822833788, 0.3246006841257296, -0.1165300067632664, -0.19881322591144418, 0.18607302271771178, -0.058383661111094096, -0.10792085814895362, 0.05390586667373532, 0.27206317032560134, 0.15903981993371835, -0.1440518098308252, 0.0035920645825340937, -0.01399647937756785, 0.17187516827039584, 0.0222503799446375, -0.02174746952289359, 0.13574632973272782, 0.20053243146995542, 0.0458050351691702, 0.19905961691045657, -0.17725357489629848, -0.049856401684749974, -0.27904812050118144, -0.10912317945494678, -0.216630841868413, 0.02193162169897817, -0.11061744918617995, -0.13615284908672318, 0.38443673860352956, 0.2701089167636641, 0.25258201096573324, 0.1500615236192593, 0.33611349867341295, 0.036933162818342205, 0.12696128176230062, 0.08792287344621912, 0.22294035287640093, 0.07461538317338487, 0.0727556923562101, -0.20941410928883825, 0.06463678166412754, 0.0328474009525326]
|
1,803.08888
|
Re-entrant phase transitions and dynamics of a nanoconfined ionic liquid
|
Ionic liquids constrained at interfaces or restricted in subnanometric pores
are increasingly employed in modern technologies, including energy
applications. Understanding the details of their behavior in these conditions
is therefore critical. By using molecular dynamics simulation, we clarify
theoretically and numerically the effect of confinement at the nanoscale on the
static and dynamic properties of an ionic liquid. In particular, we focus on
the interplay among the size of the ions, the slit pore width, and the length
scale associated to the long-range organization of polar and apolar domains
present in the bulk material. By modulating both the temperature and the extent
of the confinement, we demonstrate the existence of a complex reentrant phase
behavior, including isotropic liquid and liquid-crystal-like phases with
different symmetries. We show how these changes impact the relative
organization of the ions, with substantial modifications of the Coulombic
ordering, and their dynamical state. In this respect, we reveal a remarkable
decoupling of the dynamics of the counterions, pointing to very different roles
played by these in charge transport under confinement. We finally discuss our
findings in connection with very recent experimental and theoretical work.
|
cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.soft physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph
|
ionic liquids constrained at interfaces or restricted in subnanometric pores are increasingly employed in modern technologies including energy applications understanding the details of their behavior in these conditions is therefore critical by using molecular dynamics simulation we clarify theoretically and numerically the effect of confinement at the nanoscale on the static and dynamic properties of an ionic liquid in particular we focus on the interplay among the size of the ions the slit pore width and the length scale associated to the longrange organization of polar and apolar domains present in the bulk material by modulating both the temperature and the extent of the confinement we demonstrate the existence of a complex reentrant phase behavior including isotropic liquid and liquidcrystallike phases with different symmetries we show how these changes impact the relative organization of the ions with substantial modifications of the coulombic ordering and their dynamical state in this respect we reveal a remarkable decoupling of the dynamics of the counterions pointing to very different roles played by these in charge transport under confinement we finally discuss our findings in connection with very recent experimental and theoretical work
|
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|
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|
1,803.08889
|
Entanglement of Two Quantum Dots with the Flip-Flop Interaction coupled
to Plasmonic Waveguide
|
We investigate theoretically the entanglement of two quantum dots (QDs)
coupled to metallic nanowaveguide in the presence of the flip-flop interaction
with the analytical solutions of eigenvalue equations of the coupled system.
High entanglement of two QDs could be achieved by adjusting the direct coupling
strength of the QDs, the interaction of QDs with near-zero waveguide modes,
interparticle distance of the QDs, total dissipation and detuning even when two
QDs are resonant with the incident single plasmon. The discussed system with
the flip-flop interaction provides us rich way to realize the quantum
information processing such as quantum communication and quantum computation.
|
physics.optics
|
we investigate theoretically the entanglement of two quantum dots qds coupled to metallic nanowaveguide in the presence of the flipflop interaction with the analytical solutions of eigenvalue equations of the coupled system high entanglement of two qds could be achieved by adjusting the direct coupling strength of the qds the interaction of qds with nearzero waveguide modes interparticle distance of the qds total dissipation and detuning even when two qds are resonant with the incident single plasmon the discussed system with the flipflop interaction provides us rich way to realize the quantum information processing such as quantum communication and quantum computation
|
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|
[-0.22452833597539085, 0.19889600208895927, -0.012663257169989076, -0.010572010734219952, 0.038190141230323674, -0.2688077058145168, 0.008031263864497738, 0.3882871302453303, -0.26257018796583215, -0.3260011271628929, -0.0322597893658048, -0.3259883739589022, -0.11899734553097203, 0.18380475960819437, 0.054007687947383184, 0.09764343759456781, 0.06252292919751846, -0.021193402418221284, -0.021791117376472692, -0.17234578554859697, 0.29144657362773463, 0.020590641109346604, 0.2877999060409199, 0.10896539654914696, 0.0647127952445114, 0.009047559056763011, 0.11958366205067475, -0.0435611654100663, -0.12933067960830608, 0.13972902092806036, 0.22266591015896567, -0.030994062441041564, 0.23800689678196565, -0.4650155884942206, -0.17304083348325647, 0.05819478016899954, 0.20846218234481345, 0.1784278962064977, -0.049759551804365205, -0.32415777963060555, 0.012148962605117572, -0.13879256078623015, -0.08128128012199656, -0.02139541008832431, -0.026453921184091286, -0.00137857989509507, -0.2574533257762542, 0.050182507843664376, 0.0199300120169721, 0.0326006939210514, 0.015171001218074914, -0.0018266950166867216, -0.017259362660864794, 0.12362178371173772, -0.018865013248425457, -0.04704995549371521, 0.19348652004771452, -0.10921899283461568, -0.1569695694436605, 0.3582969317362542, -0.05882359113276816, -0.16863247727292893, 0.16033635758748738, -0.15480845867388762, 0.02279694881843458, 0.1003977128830139, 0.12772816795357825, 0.06662849507912404, -0.12984507006784962, 0.08503084432329097, 0.0741345536719897, 0.18531198374521318, 0.0749577070992108, 0.18721513675138501, 0.2334733147653613, 0.1437988774182441, 0.043495688819105156, 0.1757937851396509, -0.07888622008411601, -0.14668475894146774, -0.2412902638684995, -0.18134705616520846, -0.2553545133127729, 0.09155527674511627, -0.148764320223311, -0.1670176981358171, 0.4288859503657216, 0.10726101044565439, 0.1288093772006802, -0.02738856056723559, 0.2949269167746943, 0.16773415588206694, 0.08596524882065777, 0.0070313656066387595, 0.34566601013561876, 0.23728469021775123, 0.04963913914922735, -0.35796682541212527, 0.0013110785892620535, -0.046412715068234515]
|
1,803.0889
|
The Density of Linear-time Properties
|
Finding models for linear-time properties is a central problem in
verification and planning. We study the distribution of linear-time models by
investigating the density of linear-time properties over the space of
ultimately periodic words. The density of a property over a bound n is the
ratio of the number of lasso-shaped words of length n that satisfy the property
to the total number of lasso-shaped words of length n. We investigate the
problem of computing the density for both linear-time properties in general and
for the important special case of omega-regular properties. For general
linear-time properties, the density is not necessarily convergent and can
oscillate indefinitely for certain properties. However, we show the oscillation
can be bounded by the growth of the sets of bad- and good-prefix of the
property. For omega-regular properties, we show that the density is always
convergent and provide a general algorithm for computing the density of
omega-regular properties as well as more specialized algorithms for certain
sub-classes and their combinations.
|
cs.FL
|
finding models for lineartime properties is a central problem in verification and planning we study the distribution of lineartime models by investigating the density of lineartime properties over the space of ultimately periodic words the density of a property over a bound n is the ratio of the number of lassoshaped words of length n that satisfy the property to the total number of lassoshaped words of length n we investigate the problem of computing the density for both lineartime properties in general and for the important special case of omegaregular properties for general lineartime properties the density is not necessarily convergent and can oscillate indefinitely for certain properties however we show the oscillation can be bounded by the growth of the sets of bad and goodprefix of the property for omegaregular properties we show that the density is always convergent and provide a general algorithm for computing the density of omegaregular properties as well as more specialized algorithms for certain subclasses and their combinations
|
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|
[-0.13772655649464233, 0.11444533653097388, -0.07753150588865133, 0.08529406978265831, -0.04079587719069771, -0.0791272744732222, 0.032863010148974824, 0.370313981499086, -0.3006142320824258, -0.30626059796109245, 0.11310495291175436, -0.25265681890362623, -0.12134676656749008, 0.2113811184359674, -0.03488301302961729, 0.10770659919046326, 0.03599316314046765, 0.08834029542570387, -0.09157340751420477, -0.24595680179787272, 0.30218758937661294, 0.033005489858534236, 0.2565496638877156, 0.04559052441654336, 0.06529064815387958, 0.018927411561440906, 0.019848250809849963, 0.08331041945770445, -0.1430459488015284, 0.10193767497333249, 0.2576279008758264, 0.206146310210044, 0.2804556813114035, -0.39228490291646234, -0.18666412804367732, 0.15082881284121677, 0.13087324900006483, 0.08330818156447307, -0.021080424575538253, -0.21239181867668427, 0.12641826144672563, -0.122775532067739, -0.13873785856915752, -0.06819800245230673, 0.07632265081859113, 0.0983848285722621, -0.26794925392289176, 0.042794414755692824, 0.13063553164577985, 0.0165315806451771, -0.0570285727965565, -0.09368401846667337, 0.007493324648232463, 0.1354638624585659, 0.011271290963998547, -0.0416730636526704, 0.06527548240796652, -0.1662325998466393, -0.09937047494940436, 0.37452189065515995, -0.051999810486629515, -0.1859373821457273, 0.15114677960432513, -0.1202919902279973, -0.176743201031867, 0.1049566368757816, 0.16131740204277045, 0.16949452172366924, -0.09638664871454239, 0.12505707236827512, -0.10502747190328614, 0.17167581699143256, 0.08340809328688516, 0.10524997846647395, 0.1881401890106959, 0.15196396149464964, 0.1282187303079775, 0.16737357948340453, -0.002800607915829729, -0.0673605803038097, -0.2951186696515867, -0.1812996655191657, -0.15023676149136053, 0.0018422259406774466, -0.10796398613088115, -0.23032505584903706, 0.4151831646823543, 0.1257979775948542, 0.20371735464770024, 0.16539045858461363, 0.25808692612846235, 0.1321754391645771, 0.028455347833108664, 0.10389543872292119, 0.15609213147875795, 0.12998622450920075, 0.004734240996904303, -0.23752030561229698, 0.1387624669163258, 0.09928337934189461]
|
1,803.08891
|
Variational approach to the stationary spin-Hall effect
|
The Kirchhoff-Helmholtz principle of least heat dissipation is applied in
order to derive the stationary state of the spin-Hall effect. Spin-accumulation
due to spin-orbit interaction, spin-flip relaxation, and electrostatic
interaction due to charge accumulation are treated on an equal footing. A
nonlinear differential equation is derived, that describes both surface and
bulk currents and spin-dependent chemical potentials. It is shown that if the
ratio of the spin-flip relaxation length over the Debye-Fermi length is small,
the stationary state is defined by a linear spin-accumulation potential and
zero pure spin-current.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall
|
the kirchhoffhelmholtz principle of least heat dissipation is applied in order to derive the stationary state of the spinhall effect spinaccumulation due to spinorbit interaction spinflip relaxation and electrostatic interaction due to charge accumulation are treated on an equal footing a nonlinear differential equation is derived that describes both surface and bulk currents and spindependent chemical potentials it is shown that if the ratio of the spinflip relaxation length over the debyefermi length is small the stationary state is defined by a linear spinaccumulation potential and zero pure spincurrent
|
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|
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|
1,803.08892
|
Direct observation of incommensurate magnetism in Hubbard chains
|
The interplay between magnetism and doping is at the origin of exotic
strongly correlated electronic phases and can lead to novel forms of magnetic
ordering. One example is the emergence of incommensurate spin-density waves
with a wave vector that does not match the reciprocal lattice. In one dimension
this effect is a hallmark of Luttinger liquid theory, which also describes the
low energy physics of the Hubbard model. Here we use a quantum simulator based
on ultracold fermions in an optical lattice to directly observe such
incommensurate spin correlations in doped and spin-imbalanced Hubbard chains
using fully spin and density resolved quantum gas microscopy. Doping is found
to induce a linear change of the spin-density wave vector in excellent
agreement with Luttinger theory predictions. For non-zero polarization we
observe a decrease of the wave vector with magnetization as expected from the
Heisenberg model in a magnetic field. We trace the microscopic origin of these
incommensurate correlations to holes, doublons and excess spins which act as
delocalized domain walls for the antiferromagnetic order. Finally, when
inducing interchain coupling we observe fundamentally different spin
correlations around doublons indicating the formation of a magnetic polaron.
|
cond-mat.quant-gas
|
the interplay between magnetism and doping is at the origin of exotic strongly correlated electronic phases and can lead to novel forms of magnetic ordering one example is the emergence of incommensurate spindensity waves with a wave vector that does not match the reciprocal lattice in one dimension this effect is a hallmark of luttinger liquid theory which also describes the low energy physics of the hubbard model here we use a quantum simulator based on ultracold fermions in an optical lattice to directly observe such incommensurate spin correlations in doped and spinimbalanced hubbard chains using fully spin and density resolved quantum gas microscopy doping is found to induce a linear change of the spindensity wave vector in excellent agreement with luttinger theory predictions for nonzero polarization we observe a decrease of the wave vector with magnetization as expected from the heisenberg model in a magnetic field we trace the microscopic origin of these incommensurate correlations to holes doublons and excess spins which act as delocalized domain walls for the antiferromagnetic order finally when inducing interchain coupling we observe fundamentally different spin correlations around doublons indicating the formation of a magnetic polaron
|
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|
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|
1,803.08893
|
Observation of Accelerating Wave Packets in Curved Space
|
We present the first experimental observation of accelerating beams in curved
space. More specifically, we demonstrate, experimentally and theoretically,
shape-preserving accelerating beams propagating on spherical surfaces:
closed-form solutions of the wave equation manifesting nongeodesic self-similar
evolution. Unlike accelerating beams in flat space, these wave packets change
their acceleration trajectory due to the interplay between interference effects
and the space curvature, and they focus and defocus periodically due to the
spatial curvature of the medium in which they propagate.
|
physics.optics
|
we present the first experimental observation of accelerating beams in curved space more specifically we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically shapepreserving accelerating beams propagating on spherical surfaces closedform solutions of the wave equation manifesting nongeodesic selfsimilar evolution unlike accelerating beams in flat space these wave packets change their acceleration trajectory due to the interplay between interference effects and the space curvature and they focus and defocus periodically due to the spatial curvature of the medium in which they propagate
|
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|
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|
1,803.08894
|
Logarithmic Foliations
|
The purpose of this paper is to study singular holomorphic foliations of
arbitrary codimension defined by logarithmic forms on projective spaces.
|
math.CV
|
the purpose of this paper is to study singular holomorphic foliations of arbitrary codimension defined by logarithmic forms on projective spaces
|
[['the', 'purpose', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'study', 'singular', 'holomorphic', 'foliations', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'codimension', 'defined', 'by', 'logarithmic', 'forms', 'on', 'projective', 'spaces']]
|
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|
1,803.08895
|
Linear phase space deformations with angular momentum symmetry
|
Motivated by the work of Leznov--Mostovoy, we classify the linear
deformations of standard $2n$-dimensional phase space that preserve the obvious
symplectic $\mathfrak{o}(n)$-symmetry. As a consequence, we describe standard
phase space, as well as $T^{*}S^{n}$ and $T^{*}\mathbb{H}^{n}$ with their
standard symplectic forms, as degenerations of a 3-dimensional family of
coadjoint orbits, which in a generic regime are identified with the
Grassmannian of oriented 2-planes in $\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$.
|
math.SG math.DG nlin.SI
|
motivated by the work of leznovmostovoy we classify the linear deformations of standard 2ndimensional phase space that preserve the obvious symplectic mathfrakonsymmetry as a consequence we describe standard phase space as well as tsn and tmathbbhn with their standard symplectic forms as degenerations of a 3dimensional family of coadjoint orbits which in a generic regime are identified with the grassmannian of oriented 2planes in mathbbrn2
|
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|
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|
1,803.08896
|
Explicit Reasoning over End-to-End Neural Architectures for Visual
Question Answering
|
Many vision and language tasks require commonsense reasoning beyond
data-driven image and natural language processing. Here we adopt Visual
Question Answering (VQA) as an example task, where a system is expected to
answer a question in natural language about an image. Current state-of-the-art
systems attempted to solve the task using deep neural architectures and
achieved promising performance. However, the resulting systems are generally
opaque and they struggle in understanding questions for which extra knowledge
is required. In this paper, we present an explicit reasoning layer on top of a
set of penultimate neural network based systems. The reasoning layer enables
reasoning and answering questions where additional knowledge is required, and
at the same time provides an interpretable interface to the end users.
Specifically, the reasoning layer adopts a Probabilistic Soft Logic (PSL) based
engine to reason over a basket of inputs: visual relations, the semantic parse
of the question, and background ontological knowledge from word2vec and
ConceptNet. Experimental analysis of the answers and the key evidential
predicates generated on the VQA dataset validate our approach.
|
cs.CV cs.CL
|
many vision and language tasks require commonsense reasoning beyond datadriven image and natural language processing here we adopt visual question answering vqa as an example task where a system is expected to answer a question in natural language about an image current stateoftheart systems attempted to solve the task using deep neural architectures and achieved promising performance however the resulting systems are generally opaque and they struggle in understanding questions for which extra knowledge is required in this paper we present an explicit reasoning layer on top of a set of penultimate neural network based systems the reasoning layer enables reasoning and answering questions where additional knowledge is required and at the same time provides an interpretable interface to the end users specifically the reasoning layer adopts a probabilistic soft logic psl based engine to reason over a basket of inputs visual relations the semantic parse of the question and background ontological knowledge from word2vec and conceptnet experimental analysis of the answers and the key evidential predicates generated on the vqa dataset validate our approach
|
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|
[-0.05043066400768501, -0.03418975703651086, -0.045986849238231244, 0.11353855089384264, -0.19132521292460816, -0.1762557882363243, 0.0743063533113205, 0.41659058572990554, -0.2928876838141254, -0.3883407398419721, 0.04094793818558433, -0.25991662989170955, -0.17065803240984678, 0.18787248729595116, -0.15069983718916774, 0.11471253432266947, 0.10112655365839601, 0.08339752520700651, -0.014493188284603612, -0.2645516411720642, 0.3426094729094101, 0.044176030414278755, 0.2975313235604803, 0.07353059879703713, 0.15541238449780004, -0.028169790132503425, -0.03359328787241663, -0.061181255084728554, -0.05380077499098011, 0.21418076652800663, 0.3724158911766218, 0.2645855690059917, 0.32933094520121814, -0.4657013151901109, -0.1957699172997049, 0.016192046383927974, 0.14381848390879376, 0.09145735689771495, -0.00479602413775865, -0.3369355301239661, 0.0768197017309389, -0.15783271537029317, 0.05157003686098116, -0.1253095756644117, 0.019021232670971326, -0.0915981060379584, -0.2734261294434379, -0.039355913139879704, 0.19976719470960752, 0.1286151545388358, -0.053281053845504564, -0.07285271771983909, 0.048671124540269374, 0.1740753873437643, -0.002510256094189702, 0.08263127388033484, 0.1621611505587186, -0.21251888130525393, -0.19698312630178408, 0.3830942079291812, -0.02524276213853487, -0.2063071478929903, 0.2177839084887611, -0.015394197387088622, -0.16055936232674867, 0.04634095812881631, 0.2048097389551445, 0.10912437926445688, -0.17651464368083647, 0.05010692946047389, -0.07785721243359149, 0.27989650024899415, 0.07610804153340203, -0.0017684390715190343, 0.2436360575351864, 0.29554450323672166, -0.005608101381055479, 0.10024660499500376, -0.026076388146196092, -0.08396800024967109, -0.2037281066232494, -0.1421814195625484, -0.13064553249760397, -0.013225615713579048, -0.07471799490898515, -0.13878033905689205, 0.373191514786865, 0.2859917262502547, 0.19610676653949277, 0.10257529498144452, 0.3509127579097237, 0.0378183468325629, 0.06925538699575035, 0.08856757725921592, 0.1002323273319884, 0.03255425153566258, 0.1678034825855866, -0.11051393524344479, 0.10513741439607527, 0.05104751351688589]
|
1,803.08897
|
Thermodynamic constraints on the size distributions of tropical clouds
|
Tropical convective clouds evolve over a wide range of temporal and spatial
scales, and this makes them difficult to simulate numerically. Here, we propose
that their statistical properties can be derived within a simplified
time-independent co-ordinate system of cloud number $n$, saturated static
energy $h^\star$, and cloud perimeter $\lambda$. Under the constraint that
circulations around cloud edge compete for buoyant energy and air, we show that
the product of cloud number and cloud perimeter $n\lambda$ is invariant with
$\lambda$ and that cloud number follows a negative exponential with respect to
cloud-edge deviations of $h^\star$ from the mean. Overall, the summed perimeter
of all clouds scales as the square root of the atmospheric static stability,
which suggests that the complexity of cloud field structures can be viewed
statistically as an emergent property of atmospheric bulk thermodynamics.
Analytically derived conclusions are compared with a detailed tropical cloud
field simulation and found generally to agree to within $<$13%. For the sake of
developing hypotheses about cloud temporal evolution that are testable in high
resolution simulations, the shapes of tropical cloud perimeter distributions
are predicted to be invariant as climate warms, although with a modest increase
in total cloud amount.
|
physics.ao-ph physics.data-an
|
tropical convective clouds evolve over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales and this makes them difficult to simulate numerically here we propose that their statistical properties can be derived within a simplified timeindependent coordinate system of cloud number n saturated static energy hstar and cloud perimeter lambda under the constraint that circulations around cloud edge compete for buoyant energy and air we show that the product of cloud number and cloud perimeter nlambda is invariant with lambda and that cloud number follows a negative exponential with respect to cloudedge deviations of hstar from the mean overall the summed perimeter of all clouds scales as the square root of the atmospheric static stability which suggests that the complexity of cloud field structures can be viewed statistically as an emergent property of atmospheric bulk thermodynamics analytically derived conclusions are compared with a detailed tropical cloud field simulation and found generally to agree to within 13 for the sake of developing hypotheses about cloud temporal evolution that are testable in high resolution simulations the shapes of tropical cloud perimeter distributions are predicted to be invariant as climate warms although with a modest increase in total cloud amount
|
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|
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|
1,803.08898
|
Combinatorial, Bakry-\'Emery, Ollivier's Ricci curvature notions and
their motivation from Riemannian geometry
|
In this survey, we study three different notions of curvature that are
defined on graphs, namely, combinatorial curvature, Bakry-\'Emery curvature,
and Ollivier's Ricci curvature. For each curvature notion, the definition and
its motivation from Riemannian geometry will be explained. Moreover, we bring
together some global results and geometric concepts in Riemannian geometry that
are related to curvature (e.g. Bonnet-Myers theorem, Laplacian operator,
Lichnerowicz theorem, Cheeger constant), and then compare them to the discrete
analogues in some (if not all) of the discrete curvature notions. The structure
of this survey is as follows: the first chapter is dedicated to relevant
background in Riemannian geometry. Each following chapter is focussing on one
of the discrete curvature notions. This survay is an MSc dissertation in
Mathematical Sciences at Durham University.
|
math.CO math.DG
|
in this survey we study three different notions of curvature that are defined on graphs namely combinatorial curvature bakryemery curvature and olliviers ricci curvature for each curvature notion the definition and its motivation from riemannian geometry will be explained moreover we bring together some global results and geometric concepts in riemannian geometry that are related to curvature eg bonnetmyers theorem laplacian operator lichnerowicz theorem cheeger constant and then compare them to the discrete analogues in some if not all of the discrete curvature notions the structure of this survey is as follows the first chapter is dedicated to relevant background in riemannian geometry each following chapter is focussing on one of the discrete curvature notions this survay is an msc dissertation in mathematical sciences at durham university
|
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|
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|
1,803.08899
|
Nonlocal vertices and analyticity: Landau equations and general Cutkosky
rule
|
We study the analyticity properties of amplitudes in theories with nonlocal
vertices of the type occurring in string field theory and a wide class of
nonlocal field theory models. Such vertices are given in momentum space by
entire functions of rapid decay in certain (including Euclidean) directions
ensuring UV finiteness but are necessarily of rapid increase in others. A
parametric representation is obtained by integrating out the loop (Euclidean)
momenta after the introduction of generalized Schwinger parameters. Either in
the original or parametric representation, the well-defined resulting
amplitudes are then continued in the complex space of the external momenta
invariants. We obtain the alternative forms of the Landau equations determining
the singularity surfaces showing that the nonlocal vertices serve as UV
regulators but do not affect the local singularity structure. As a result the
full set of singularities known to occur in local field theory also occurs
here: normal and anomalous thresholds as well as acnodes, crunodes, and cusps
that may under certain circumstances appear even on the physical sheet.
Singularities of the second type also appear as shown from the parametric
representation. We obtain the general Cutkosky discontinuity rule for
encircling a singularity by employing contour deformations only in the finite
plane. The unitarity condition (optical theorem) is then discussed as a special
application of the rule across normal thresholds and the hermitian analyticity
property of amplitudes.
|
hep-th
|
we study the analyticity properties of amplitudes in theories with nonlocal vertices of the type occurring in string field theory and a wide class of nonlocal field theory models such vertices are given in momentum space by entire functions of rapid decay in certain including euclidean directions ensuring uv finiteness but are necessarily of rapid increase in others a parametric representation is obtained by integrating out the loop euclidean momenta after the introduction of generalized schwinger parameters either in the original or parametric representation the welldefined resulting amplitudes are then continued in the complex space of the external momenta invariants we obtain the alternative forms of the landau equations determining the singularity surfaces showing that the nonlocal vertices serve as uv regulators but do not affect the local singularity structure as a result the full set of singularities known to occur in local field theory also occurs here normal and anomalous thresholds as well as acnodes crunodes and cusps that may under certain circumstances appear even on the physical sheet singularities of the second type also appear as shown from the parametric representation we obtain the general cutkosky discontinuity rule for encircling a singularity by employing contour deformations only in the finite plane the unitarity condition optical theorem is then discussed as a special application of the rule across normal thresholds and the hermitian analyticity property of amplitudes
|
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|
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|
1,803.089
|
Metric Foliations of Homogeneous Three-Spheres
|
A smooth foliation of a Riemannian manifold is metric when its leaves are
locally equidistant and is homogenous when its leaves are locally orbits of a
Lie group acting by isometries. Homogenous foliations are metric foliations,
but metric foliations need not be homogenous foliations. We prove that a
homogenous three-sphere is naturally reductive if and only if all of its metric
foliations are homogenous.
|
math.DG
|
a smooth foliation of a riemannian manifold is metric when its leaves are locally equidistant and is homogenous when its leaves are locally orbits of a lie group acting by isometries homogenous foliations are metric foliations but metric foliations need not be homogenous foliations we prove that a homogenous threesphere is naturally reductive if and only if all of its metric foliations are homogenous
|
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|
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|
1,803.08901
|
Comparison of probabilistic and deterministic point sets
|
In this paper we make a comparison between certain probabilistic and
deterministic point sets and show that some deterministic constructions
(spherical $t$-designs) are better or as good as probabilistic ones. We find
asymptotic equalities for the discrete Riesz $s$-energy of sequences of well
separated $t$-designs on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^d \subset
\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$, $d\geq2$. The case $d=2$ was studied Hesse and Leopardi.
Bondarenko, Radchenko, and Viazovska established, that for $d\geq 2$, there
exists a constant $c_{d}$, such that for every $N> c_{d}t^{d}$ there exists a
well-separated spherical $t$-design on $\mathbb{S}^{d}$ with $N$ points. For
this reason, in our paper we assume, that the sequence of well separated
spherical $t$-designs is such that $t$ and $N$ are related by $N\asymp t^{d}$.
|
math.CA
|
in this paper we make a comparison between certain probabilistic and deterministic point sets and show that some deterministic constructions spherical tdesigns are better or as good as probabilistic ones we find asymptotic equalities for the discrete riesz senergy of sequences of well separated tdesigns on the unit sphere mathbbsd subset mathbbrd1 dgeq2 the case d2 was studied hesse and leopardi bondarenko radchenko and viazovska established that for dgeq 2 there exists a constant c_d such that for every n c_dtd there exists a wellseparated spherical tdesign on mathbbsd with n points for this reason in our paper we assume that the sequence of well separated spherical tdesigns is such that t and n are related by nasymp td
|
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|
[-0.13339437066056467, 0.11217724032289648, -0.03602888626520032, 0.09053380249297026, 0.02055445063752675, -0.18448436639855725, 0.04238282332405985, 0.4105910128456051, -0.22130134599914741, -0.20799416169658366, 0.1090607341809072, -0.29108401943566437, -0.16956327987392827, 0.190151198031144, -0.09197338451621502, 0.059984471259236144, 0.02048237244519642, 0.052725876809760805, -0.07388116935242393, -0.250031479010832, 0.3282553282234881, -0.06725529071448719, 0.17436622058720155, 0.0072167611609891815, 0.1025940209782043, 0.022583566478283888, 0.022054908769520914, 0.00832992222286382, -0.18307496734725368, 0.07532146538734057, 0.25006055310605313, 0.12108142284471225, 0.22535885157758148, -0.38254215450186907, -0.17721068342137386, 0.20936050070686488, 0.1577177450881671, 0.017680963714433423, -0.05074584543886516, -0.209777932990958, 0.09797490504274334, -0.09186952517237672, -0.1335880673407593, -0.06691567838350825, 0.10229781024568414, 0.06123872788453285, -0.307985591307535, 0.020349307000041165, 0.1716683168216782, 0.090354153866706, -0.04657666104987769, -0.17997499459060068, 0.01095697317485524, 0.1021982895415592, -0.008039701862213344, 0.10652028934209276, 0.023129504370814884, 0.004334030092804361, -0.1195307214728604, 0.3586214488545843, -0.028419775327951726, -0.2508362796062888, 0.17586028965099287, -0.15712727787430888, -0.16846015414033652, 0.05541208936532928, 0.09039536065232577, 0.15448220848437336, -0.05644503099620895, 0.1738346245872859, -0.1506293083746302, 0.14437847175379875, 0.17916223275775123, 0.02388497794804684, 0.10646472601969806, 0.11370862476227774, 0.10430364667485326, 0.14257446026244058, -0.035909051917122396, -0.08954389515911008, -0.35374373956030963, -0.14947860907581714, -0.22990834793486334, 0.09267499649668333, -0.15590203321729768, -0.18587588720808942, 0.2550273222485715, 0.03548243361272675, 0.19980697150310597, 0.12798170283657767, 0.21216585488508502, 0.0288792347675584, -0.012218803760272024, 0.14009360992349684, 0.1577548173010069, 0.10130400446754628, 0.012061800377569714, -0.10097201920303879, -0.02412999447008942, 0.13338558895166142]
|
1,803.08902
|
Resting and Traveling Localized States in an Active Phase-Field-Crystal
Model
|
The conserved Swift-Hohenberg equation (or Phase-Field-Crystal [PFC] model)
provides a simple microscopic description of the thermodynamic transition
between fluid and crystalline states. Combining it with elements of the
Toner-Tu theory for self-propelled particles Menzel and L\"owen [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 110, 055702 (2013)] obtained a model for crystallization (swarm
formation) in active systems. Here, we study the occurrence of resting and
traveling localized states, i.e., crystalline clusters, within the resulting
active PFC model. Based on linear stability analyses and numerical continuation
of the fully nonlinear states, we present a detailed analysis of the
bifurcation structure of periodic and localized, resting and traveling states
in a one-dimensional active PFC model. This allows us, for instance, to explore
how the slanted homoclinic snaking of steady localized states found for the
passive PFC model is amended by activity. A particular focus lies on the onset
of motion, where we show that it occurs either through a drift-pitchfork or a
drift-transcritical bifurcation. A corresponding general analytical criterion
is derived.
|
nlin.PS
|
the conserved swifthohenberg equation or phasefieldcrystal pfc model provides a simple microscopic description of the thermodynamic transition between fluid and crystalline states combining it with elements of the tonertu theory for selfpropelled particles menzel and lowen phys rev lett 110 055702 2013 obtained a model for crystallization swarm formation in active systems here we study the occurrence of resting and traveling localized states ie crystalline clusters within the resulting active pfc model based on linear stability analyses and numerical continuation of the fully nonlinear states we present a detailed analysis of the bifurcation structure of periodic and localized resting and traveling states in a onedimensional active pfc model this allows us for instance to explore how the slanted homoclinic snaking of steady localized states found for the passive pfc model is amended by activity a particular focus lies on the onset of motion where we show that it occurs either through a driftpitchfork or a drifttranscritical bifurcation a corresponding general analytical criterion is derived
|
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|
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|
1,803.08903
|
Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of dihadron correlations
in a hydrodynamic model
|
In this work, we study the centrality as well as transverse momentum
dependence of the dihadron correlation for Au+Au collisions at 200A GeV. The
numerical simulations are carried out by using a hydrodynamical code
NeXSPheRIO, where the initial conditions are obtained from a Regge-Gribov based
microscopic model, NeXuS. In our calculations, the centrality windows are
evaluated regarding multiplicity. The final correlations are obtained by the
background subtraction via ZYAM methods, where higher harmonics are also
considered explicitly. The correlations are evaluated for the 0 - 20\%,
20\%-40\% and 60\%-92\% centrality windows. Also, the transverse momentum
dependence of the dihadron correlations is investigated. The obtained results
are compared with experimental data. It is observed that the centrality
dependence of the "ridge" and "double shoulder" structures is in consistency
with the data. Based on specific set of parameters employed in the present
study, it is found that different ZYAM subtraction schemes might lead to
different features in the resultant correlations.
|
nucl-th
|
in this work we study the centrality as well as transverse momentum dependence of the dihadron correlation for auau collisions at 200a gev the numerical simulations are carried out by using a hydrodynamical code nexspherio where the initial conditions are obtained from a reggegribov based microscopic model nexus in our calculations the centrality windows are evaluated regarding multiplicity the final correlations are obtained by the background subtraction via zyam methods where higher harmonics are also considered explicitly the correlations are evaluated for the 0 20 2040 and 6092 centrality windows also the transverse momentum dependence of the dihadron correlations is investigated the obtained results are compared with experimental data it is observed that the centrality dependence of the ridge and double shoulder structures is in consistency with the data based on specific set of parameters employed in the present study it is found that different zyam subtraction schemes might lead to different features in the resultant correlations
|
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|
[-0.08715623902837531, 0.11310784059922951, -0.15936740300653932, 0.1350601700168903, 0.01379604732247595, -0.09097633972310294, -0.07261231929535428, 0.4052121358183332, -0.19949414547329816, -0.3074584730829184, 0.033106332196322724, -0.3356181029469157, -0.03214497043070598, 0.1859262730084503, 0.07214622157148252, 0.09236628407812439, 0.10506324185795772, 0.009457630009796375, -0.0811650809736397, -0.20447531153853887, 0.3486276839991124, 0.125210063603635, 0.28078923132628775, 0.1261794852116742, 0.05801946044009991, 0.024556761757524397, -0.07102646612120458, 0.061926176864056826, -0.1347765053734549, 0.03916686577726162, 0.2470959134038705, 0.05635077929577957, 0.19567417590401304, -0.3486457350066839, -0.18707205151664452, 0.04332362705220779, 0.13747742859563097, 0.08020956785633014, -0.05253934862095122, -0.2619206522895883, 0.09914629871789844, -0.19242016691714525, -0.0812876600815425, -0.08953726897463919, -0.011231617906536812, 0.08246017414598893, -0.28900140004817587, 0.139558527436188, -0.011345387689428978, 0.09738597374901777, -0.03123552316071418, -0.17446996895476985, -0.08607017717067486, 0.08273674335811311, 0.06542340493149076, 0.04026189181082046, 0.14302307804031536, -0.09979631741402838, -0.158937135689671, 0.3748313268640628, -0.00957459044487526, -0.2067058783573791, 0.16166671909815752, -0.1737345709429624, -0.13362491046353123, 0.11998346351827376, 0.18694804238680846, 0.1236122249571893, -0.17447073746305436, 0.00044432211031492514, -0.030485097196502373, 0.15765354540407991, 0.06656363387054835, 0.0431954283401585, 0.13052925143617755, 0.14075430520237064, -0.04441421727936428, 0.1391259696594296, -0.15011236067258346, -0.10990661221484725, -0.3369071726949933, -0.04300283235557473, -0.1685314656724819, -0.024943272908552527, -0.11133592639947519, -0.06845585900681236, 0.41719479243366575, 0.15864775447894666, 0.2802067924475966, 0.011093949100587709, 0.2915173218501971, 0.10096023355482686, 0.08138918906423406, 0.07407454983928265, 0.280058754219984, 0.1039269212513971, 0.1460905644015815, -0.22315635263788489, 0.07379982224665582, 0.025004388400329612]
|
1,803.08904
|
Context Encoding for Semantic Segmentation
|
Recent work has made significant progress in improving spatial resolution for
pixelwise labeling with Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) framework by
employing Dilated/Atrous convolution, utilizing multi-scale features and
refining boundaries. In this paper, we explore the impact of global contextual
information in semantic segmentation by introducing the Context Encoding
Module, which captures the semantic context of scenes and selectively
highlights class-dependent featuremaps. The proposed Context Encoding Module
significantly improves semantic segmentation results with only marginal extra
computation cost over FCN. Our approach has achieved new state-of-the-art
results 51.7% mIoU on PASCAL-Context, 85.9% mIoU on PASCAL VOC 2012. Our single
model achieves a final score of 0.5567 on ADE20K test set, which surpass the
winning entry of COCO-Place Challenge in 2017. In addition, we also explore how
the Context Encoding Module can improve the feature representation of
relatively shallow networks for the image classification on CIFAR-10 dataset.
Our 14 layer network has achieved an error rate of 3.45%, which is comparable
with state-of-the-art approaches with over 10 times more layers. The source
code for the complete system are publicly available.
|
cs.CV
|
recent work has made significant progress in improving spatial resolution for pixelwise labeling with fully convolutional network fcn framework by employing dilatedatrous convolution utilizing multiscale features and refining boundaries in this paper we explore the impact of global contextual information in semantic segmentation by introducing the context encoding module which captures the semantic context of scenes and selectively highlights classdependent featuremaps the proposed context encoding module significantly improves semantic segmentation results with only marginal extra computation cost over fcn our approach has achieved new stateoftheart results 517 miou on pascalcontext 859 miou on pascal voc 2012 our single model achieves a final score of 05567 on ade20k test set which surpass the winning entry of cocoplace challenge in 2017 in addition we also explore how the context encoding module can improve the feature representation of relatively shallow networks for the image classification on cifar10 dataset our 14 layer network has achieved an error rate of 345 which is comparable with stateoftheart approaches with over 10 times more layers the source code for the complete system are publicly available
|
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|
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|
1,803.08905
|
Many odd zeta values are irrational
|
Building upon ideas of the second and third authors, we prove that at least
$2^{(1-\varepsilon)\frac{\log s}{\log\log s}}$ values of the Riemann zeta
function at odd integers between 3 and $s$ are irrational, where $\varepsilon$
is any positive real number and $s$ is large enough in terms of $\varepsilon$.
This lower bound is asymptotically larger than any power of $\log s$; it
improves on the bound $\frac{1-\varepsilon}{1+\log2}\log s$ that follows from
the Ball--Rivoal theorem.
The proof is based on construction of several linear forms in odd zeta values
with related coefficients.
|
math.NT math.AG math.CA math.CO
|
building upon ideas of the second and third authors we prove that at least 21varepsilonfraclog sloglog s values of the riemann zeta function at odd integers between 3 and s are irrational where varepsilon is any positive real number and s is large enough in terms of varepsilon this lower bound is asymptotically larger than any power of log s it improves on the bound frac1varepsilon1log2log s that follows from the ballrivoal theorem the proof is based on construction of several linear forms in odd zeta values with related coefficients
|
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|
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|
1,803.08906
|
On the Garden of Eden theorem for endomorphisms of symbolic algebraic
varieties
|
Let $G$ be an amenable group and let $X$ be an irreducible complete algebraic
variety over an algebraically closed field $K$. Let $A$ denote the set of
$K$-points of $X$ and let $\tau \colon A^G \to A^G$ be an algebraic cellular
automaton over $(G,X,K)$, that is, a cellular automaton over the group $G$ and
the alphabet $A$ whose local defining map is induced by a morphism of
$K$-algebraic varieties. We introduce a weak notion of pre-injectivity for
algebraic cellular automata, namely $(*)$-pre-injectivity, and prove that
$\tau$ is surjective if and only if it is $(*)$-pre-injective. In particular,
$\tau$ has the Myhill property, i.e., is surjective whenever it is
pre-injective. Our result gives a positive answer to a question raised by
Gromov in~\cite{gromov-esav} and yields an analogue of the classical
Moore-Myhill Garden of Eden theorem.
|
math.DS math.AG math.GR
|
let g be an amenable group and let x be an irreducible complete algebraic variety over an algebraically closed field k let a denote the set of kpoints of x and let tau colon ag to ag be an algebraic cellular automaton over gxk that is a cellular automaton over the group g and the alphabet a whose local defining map is induced by a morphism of kalgebraic varieties we introduce a weak notion of preinjectivity for algebraic cellular automata namely preinjectivity and prove that tau is surjective if and only if it is preinjective in particular tau has the myhill property ie is surjective whenever it is preinjective our result gives a positive answer to a question raised by gromov incitegromovesav and yields an analogue of the classical mooremyhill garden of eden theorem
|
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|
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|
1,803.08907
|
Conformal symmetry: towards the link between the Fermi and the Planck
scales
|
If the mass of the Higgs boson is put to zero, the classical Lagrangian of
the Standard Model (SM) becomes conformally invariant (CI). Taking into account
quantum non-perturbative QCD effects violating CI leads to electroweak symmetry
breaking with the scale $v \sim \Lambda_{\rm QCD}\sim 100$ MeV which is three
orders of magnitude less than it is observed experimentally. Depending on the
mass of the top quark, the radiative corrections may lead to another minimum of
the effective potential for the Higgs field with $v \gtrsim M_P$, where $M_P$
is the Planck mass, at least $16$ orders of magnitude more than it is observed.
We explore yet another source of CI breaking associated with gravity. We
suggest a non-perturbative mechanism that can reproduce the observed hierarchy
between the Fermi and the Planck scales, by constructing an instanton
configuration contributing to the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field.
The crucial role in this effect is played by the non-minimal coupling of the
Higgs field to the Ricci scalar and by the approximate Weyl invariance of the
theory for large values of the Higgs field.
|
hep-th
|
if the mass of the higgs boson is put to zero the classical lagrangian of the standard model sm becomes conformally invariant ci taking into account quantum nonperturbative qcd effects violating ci leads to electroweak symmetry breaking with the scale v sim lambda_rm qcdsim 100 mev which is three orders of magnitude less than it is observed experimentally depending on the mass of the top quark the radiative corrections may lead to another minimum of the effective potential for the higgs field with v gtrsim m_p where m_p is the planck mass at least 16 orders of magnitude more than it is observed we explore yet another source of ci breaking associated with gravity we suggest a nonperturbative mechanism that can reproduce the observed hierarchy between the fermi and the planck scales by constructing an instanton configuration contributing to the vacuum expectation value of the higgs field the crucial role in this effect is played by the nonminimal coupling of the higgs field to the ricci scalar and by the approximate weyl invariance of the theory for large values of the higgs field
|
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|
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|
1,803.08908
|
Learning to Reconstruct Texture-less Deformable Surfaces from a Single
View
|
Recent years have seen the development of mature solutions for reconstructing
deformable surfaces from a single image, provided that they are relatively
well-textured. By contrast, recovering the 3D shape of texture-less surfaces
remains an open problem, and essentially relates to Shape-from-Shading. In this
paper, we introduce a data-driven approach to this problem. We introduce a
general framework that can predict diverse 3D representations, such as meshes,
normals, and depth maps. Our experiments show that meshes are ill-suited to
handle texture-less 3D reconstruction in our context. Furthermore, we
demonstrate that our approach generalizes well to unseen objects, and that it
yields higher-quality reconstructions than a state-of-the-art SfS technique,
particularly in terms of normal estimates. Our reconstructions accurately model
the fine details of the surfaces, such as the creases of a T-Shirt worn by a
person.
|
cs.CV
|
recent years have seen the development of mature solutions for reconstructing deformable surfaces from a single image provided that they are relatively welltextured by contrast recovering the 3d shape of textureless surfaces remains an open problem and essentially relates to shapefromshading in this paper we introduce a datadriven approach to this problem we introduce a general framework that can predict diverse 3d representations such as meshes normals and depth maps our experiments show that meshes are illsuited to handle textureless 3d reconstruction in our context furthermore we demonstrate that our approach generalizes well to unseen objects and that it yields higherquality reconstructions than a stateoftheart sfs technique particularly in terms of normal estimates our reconstructions accurately model the fine details of the surfaces such as the creases of a tshirt worn by a person
|
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|
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|
1,803.08909
|
Reconsidering the relationship of the El Ni\~no--Southern Oscillation
and the Indian monsoon using ensembles in Earth system models
|
We study the relationship between the El Ni\~no--Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
and the Indian summer monsoon in ensemble simulations from state-of-the-art
climate models, the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and the
Community Earth System Model (CESM). We consider two simple variables: the
Tahiti--Darwin sea-level pressure difference and the Northern Indian
precipitation. We utilize ensembles converged to the system's snapshot
attractor for analyzing possible changes (i) in the teleconnection between the
fluctuations of the two variables, and (ii) in their climatic means. (i) With
very high confidence, we detect an increase in the strength of the
teleconnection, as a response to the forcing, in the MPI-ESM under historical
forcing between 1890 and 2005, concentrated to the end of this period. We
explain that our finding does not contradict instrumental observations, since
their existing analyses regarding the nonstationarity of the teleconnection are
either methodologically unreliable, or consider an ill-defined teleconnection
concept. In the MPI-ESM we cannot reject stationarity between 2006 and 2099
under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5), and in a
110-year-long 1-percent pure CO2 scenario; neither can we in the CESM between
1960 and 2100 with historical forcing and RCP8.5. (ii) In the latter ensembles,
the climatic mean is strongly displaced in the phase space projection spanned
by the two variables. This displacement is nevertheless linear. However, the
slope exhibits a strong seasonality, falsifying a hypothesis of a universal,
emergent relationship between these two climatic means, excluding applicability
in an emergent constraint.
|
physics.ao-ph physics.geo-ph
|
we study the relationship between the el ninosouthern oscillation enso and the indian summer monsoon in ensemble simulations from stateoftheart climate models the max planck institute earth system model mpiesm and the community earth system model cesm we consider two simple variables the tahitidarwin sealevel pressure difference and the northern indian precipitation we utilize ensembles converged to the systems snapshot attractor for analyzing possible changes i in the teleconnection between the fluctuations of the two variables and ii in their climatic means i with very high confidence we detect an increase in the strength of the teleconnection as a response to the forcing in the mpiesm under historical forcing between 1890 and 2005 concentrated to the end of this period we explain that our finding does not contradict instrumental observations since their existing analyses regarding the nonstationarity of the teleconnection are either methodologically unreliable or consider an illdefined teleconnection concept in the mpiesm we cannot reject stationarity between 2006 and 2099 under the representative concentration pathway 85 rcp85 and in a 110yearlong 1percent pure co2 scenario neither can we in the cesm between 1960 and 2100 with historical forcing and rcp85 ii in the latter ensembles the climatic mean is strongly displaced in the phase space projection spanned by the two variables this displacement is nevertheless linear however the slope exhibits a strong seasonality falsifying a hypothesis of a universal emergent relationship between these two climatic means excluding applicability in an emergent constraint
|
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|
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|
1,803.0891
|
Stance Detection on Tweets: An SVM-based Approach
|
Stance detection is a subproblem of sentiment analysis where the stance of
the author of a piece of natural language text for a particular target (either
explicitly stated in the text or not) is explored. The stance output is usually
given as Favor, Against, or Neither. In this paper, we target at stance
detection on sports-related tweets and present the performance results of our
SVM-based stance classifiers on such tweets. First, we describe three versions
of our proprietary tweet data set annotated with stance information, all of
which are made publicly available for research purposes. Next, we evaluate SVM
classifiers using different feature sets for stance detection on this data set.
The employed features are based on unigrams, bigrams, hashtags, external links,
emoticons, and lastly, named entities. The results indicate that joint use of
the features based on unigrams, hashtags, and named entities by SVM classifiers
is a plausible approach for stance detection problem on sports-related tweets.
|
cs.CL
|
stance detection is a subproblem of sentiment analysis where the stance of the author of a piece of natural language text for a particular target either explicitly stated in the text or not is explored the stance output is usually given as favor against or neither in this paper we target at stance detection on sportsrelated tweets and present the performance results of our svmbased stance classifiers on such tweets first we describe three versions of our proprietary tweet data set annotated with stance information all of which are made publicly available for research purposes next we evaluate svm classifiers using different feature sets for stance detection on this data set the employed features are based on unigrams bigrams hashtags external links emoticons and lastly named entities the results indicate that joint use of the features based on unigrams hashtags and named entities by svm classifiers is a plausible approach for stance detection problem on sportsrelated tweets
|
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|
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|
1,803.08911
|
Darkness of two-mode squeezed light in {\Lambda}-type atomic system
|
We show that, under certain circumstances, an optical field in a two-mode
squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state can propagate through a lossy atomic medium
without degradation or evolution. Moreover, the losses give rise to that state
when a different state is initially injected into the medium. Such a situation
emerges in a {\Lambda}-type atomic system, in which both optical transitions
are driven by strong laser fields that are two-photon resonant with the
respective signal modes. Then the interactions of the two signal modes with the
ground-state atomic coherence interfere destructively, thereby ensuring the
preservation of the TMSV with a particular squeezing parameter. This mechanism
permits unified interpretation of recent experimental results and predicts new
phenomena.
|
quant-ph
|
we show that under certain circumstances an optical field in a twomode squeezed vacuum tmsv state can propagate through a lossy atomic medium without degradation or evolution moreover the losses give rise to that state when a different state is initially injected into the medium such a situation emerges in a lambdatype atomic system in which both optical transitions are driven by strong laser fields that are twophoton resonant with the respective signal modes then the interactions of the two signal modes with the groundstate atomic coherence interfere destructively thereby ensuring the preservation of the tmsv with a particular squeezing parameter this mechanism permits unified interpretation of recent experimental results and predicts new phenomena
|
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|
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|
1,803.08912
|
Projective duals to algebraic and tropical hypersurfaces
|
We study a tropical analogue of the projective dual variety of a
hypersurface. When $X$ is a curve in $\mathbb{P}^2$ or a surface in
$\mathbb{P}^3$, we provide an explicit description of $\text{Trop}(X^*)$ in
terms of $\text{Trop}(X)$, as long as $\text{Trop}(X)$ is smooth and satisfies
a mild genericity condition. As a consequence, when $X$ is a curve we describe
the transformation of Newton polygons under projective duality, and recover
classical formulas for the degree of a dual plane curve. For higher dimensional
hypersurfaces $X$, we give a partial description of $\text{Trop}(X^*)$.
|
math.AG math.CO
|
we study a tropical analogue of the projective dual variety of a hypersurface when x is a curve in mathbbp2 or a surface in mathbbp3 we provide an explicit description of texttropx in terms of texttropx as long as texttropx is smooth and satisfies a mild genericity condition as a consequence when x is a curve we describe the transformation of newton polygons under projective duality and recover classical formulas for the degree of a dual plane curve for higher dimensional hypersurfaces x we give a partial description of texttropx
|
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|
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|
1,803.08913
|
A sufficient integral condition for local regularity of solutions to the
surface growth model
|
The surface growth model, $u_t + u_{xxxx} + \partial_{xx} u_x^2 =0$, is a
one-dimensional fourth order equation, which shares a number of striking
similarities with the three-dimensional incompressible Navier--Stokes
equations, including the results regarding existence and uniqueness of
solutions and the partial regularity theory. Here we show that a weak solution
of this equation is smooth on a space-time cylinder $Q$ if the Serrin condition
$u_x\in L^{q'}L^q (Q)$ is satisfied, where $q,q'\in [1,\infty ]$ are such that
either $1/q+4/q'<1$ or $1/q+4/q'=1$, $q'<\infty$.
|
math.AP
|
the surface growth model u_t u_xxxx partial_xx u_x2 0 is a onedimensional fourth order equation which shares a number of striking similarities with the threedimensional incompressible navierstokes equations including the results regarding existence and uniqueness of solutions and the partial regularity theory here we show that a weak solution of this equation is smooth on a spacetime cylinder q if the serrin condition u_xin lqlq q is satisfied where qqin 1infty are such that either 1q4q1 or 1q4q1 qinfty
|
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|
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|
1,803.08914
|
Long-term deep supercooling of large-volume water via surface sealing
with immiscible liquids
|
Supercooling of aqueous solutions below their melting point without any
crystallization is a fundamentally and practically important physical
phenomenon with numerous applications in biopreservation and beyond. Under
normal conditions, heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms critically prohibit the
simultaneous long-term (> 1 week), large volume (> 1 ml) and low temperatures
(< -10 oC) supercooling of aqueous solutions. Here, in order to overcome this
bottleneck and enable novel and practical supercooling applications, we report
on the use of surface sealing of water by an oil phase to drastically diminish
the primary heterogeneous nucleation at the water/air interface. Using this
approach, we have achieved deep supercooling (as low as -20 oC) of
large-volumes of water (up to 100 ml) for long periods (as long as 100 days)
simultaneously. Since oils are mixtures of various hydrocarbons we also report
on the use of pure alkanes and primary alcohols of various lengths to achieve
the same. All alcohols and some of the longer alkane chains we studied show
high capacity to inhibit freezing. The relationship of this capacity with the
chain length, however, shows opposite trends for alcohols and alkanes due to
their drastically different interfacial structures with the water molecules. We
find that the deeply supercooled water (at -20 oC) can withstand vibrational
and thermal disturbances with all sealing liquids used, and even an extreme
disturbance, ultrasonication, when alcohols are used as the sealing phase. The
deep supercooling approach we developed here, for large samples and long
periods, is expected to enable novel applications of supercooling in a variety
of areas including biopreservation and food storage among others.
|
physics.app-ph cond-mat.soft
|
supercooling of aqueous solutions below their melting point without any crystallization is a fundamentally and practically important physical phenomenon with numerous applications in biopreservation and beyond under normal conditions heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms critically prohibit the simultaneous longterm 1 week large volume 1 ml and low temperatures 10 oc supercooling of aqueous solutions here in order to overcome this bottleneck and enable novel and practical supercooling applications we report on the use of surface sealing of water by an oil phase to drastically diminish the primary heterogeneous nucleation at the waterair interface using this approach we have achieved deep supercooling as low as 20 oc of largevolumes of water up to 100 ml for long periods as long as 100 days simultaneously since oils are mixtures of various hydrocarbons we also report on the use of pure alkanes and primary alcohols of various lengths to achieve the same all alcohols and some of the longer alkane chains we studied show high capacity to inhibit freezing the relationship of this capacity with the chain length however shows opposite trends for alcohols and alkanes due to their drastically different interfacial structures with the water molecules we find that the deeply supercooled water at 20 oc can withstand vibrational and thermal disturbances with all sealing liquids used and even an extreme disturbance ultrasonication when alcohols are used as the sealing phase the deep supercooling approach we developed here for large samples and long periods is expected to enable novel applications of supercooling in a variety of areas including biopreservation and food storage among others
|
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|
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|
1,803.08915
|
Probing gravity with a joint analysis of galaxy and CMB lensing and SDSS
spectroscopy
|
We present measurements of $E_G$, a probe of gravity from large-scale
structure, using BOSS LOWZ and CMASS spectroscopic samples, with lensing
measurements from SDSS (galaxy lensing) and Planck (CMB lensing). Using SDSS
lensing and the BOSS LOWZ sample, we measure
$\langle{E_G}\rangle=0.40^{+0.05}_{-0.04}$ (stat), $\pm 0.026$ (systematic),
consistent with the predicted value from the Planck $\Lambda$CDM model,
$E_G=0.46$. Using CMB lensing, we measure
$\langle{E_G}\rangle=0.46^{+0.08}_{-0.09}$ (stat) for LOWZ (statistically
consistent with galaxy lensing and Planck predictions) and
$\langle{E_G}\rangle=0.39^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$ (stat) for the CMASS sample,
consistent with the Planck prediction of $E_G=0.40$ given the higher redshift
of the sample. We also study the redshift evolution of $E_G$ by splitting the
LOWZ sample into two samples based on redshift, with results being consistent
with model predictions. We estimate systematic uncertainties on the above
$\langle{E_G}\rangle$ numbers to be $\sim 6$% (when using galaxy-galaxy
lensing) or $\sim 3$% (when using CMB lensing), subdominant to the quoted
statistical errors. These systematic error budgets are dominated by
observational systematics in galaxy-galaxy lensing and by theoretical modeling
uncertainties, respectively. We do not estimate observational systematics in
galaxy-CMB lensing cross correlations.
|
astro-ph.CO
|
we present measurements of e_g a probe of gravity from largescale structure using boss lowz and cmass spectroscopic samples with lensing measurements from sdss galaxy lensing and planck cmb lensing using sdss lensing and the boss lowz sample we measure langlee_grangle040005_004 stat pm 0026 systematic consistent with the predicted value from the planck lambdacdm model e_g046 using cmb lensing we measure langlee_grangle046008_009 stat for lowz statistically consistent with galaxy lensing and planck predictions and langlee_grangle039005_005 stat for the cmass sample consistent with the planck prediction of e_g040 given the higher redshift of the sample we also study the redshift evolution of e_g by splitting the lowz sample into two samples based on redshift with results being consistent with model predictions we estimate systematic uncertainties on the above langlee_grangle numbers to be sim 6 when using galaxygalaxy lensing or sim 3 when using cmb lensing subdominant to the quoted statistical errors these systematic error budgets are dominated by observational systematics in galaxygalaxy lensing and by theoretical modeling uncertainties respectively we do not estimate observational systematics in galaxycmb lensing cross correlations
|
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|
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|
1,803.08916
|
Distance Graphs and sets of positive upper density in $\mathbb{R}^d$
|
We present a sharp extension of a result of Bourgain on finding
configurations of $k+1$ points in general position in measurable subset of
$\mathbb{R}^d$ of positive upper density whenever $d\geq k+1$ to all proper
$k$-degenerate distance graphs.
|
math.CA math.CO math.NT
|
we present a sharp extension of a result of bourgain on finding configurations of k1 points in general position in measurable subset of mathbbrd of positive upper density whenever dgeq k1 to all proper kdegenerate distance graphs
|
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|
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|
1,803.08917
|
Byzantine Stochastic Gradient Descent
|
This paper studies the problem of distributed stochastic optimization in an
adversarial setting where, out of the $m$ machines which allegedly compute
stochastic gradients every iteration, an $\alpha$-fraction are Byzantine, and
can behave arbitrarily and adversarially. Our main result is a variant of
stochastic gradient descent (SGD) which finds $\varepsilon$-approximate
minimizers of convex functions in $T = \tilde{O}\big( \frac{1}{\varepsilon^2 m}
+ \frac{\alpha^2}{\varepsilon^2} \big)$ iterations. In contrast, traditional
mini-batch SGD needs $T = O\big( \frac{1}{\varepsilon^2 m} \big)$ iterations,
but cannot tolerate Byzantine failures. Further, we provide a lower bound
showing that, up to logarithmic factors, our algorithm is
information-theoretically optimal both in terms of sampling complexity and time
complexity.
|
cs.LG cs.DC cs.DS math.OC stat.ML
|
this paper studies the problem of distributed stochastic optimization in an adversarial setting where out of the m machines which allegedly compute stochastic gradients every iteration an alphafraction are byzantine and can behave arbitrarily and adversarially our main result is a variant of stochastic gradient descent sgd which finds varepsilonapproximate minimizers of convex functions in t tildeobig frac1varepsilon2 m fracalpha2varepsilon2 big iterations in contrast traditional minibatch sgd needs t obig frac1varepsilon2 m big iterations but cannot tolerate byzantine failures further we provide a lower bound showing that up to logarithmic factors our algorithm is informationtheoretically optimal both in terms of sampling complexity and time complexity
|
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|
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|
1,803.08918
|
On ideals generated by two generic quadratic forms in the exterior
algebra
|
Based on the structure theory of pairs of skew-symmetric matrices, we give a
conjecture for the Hilbert series of the exterior algebra modulo the ideal
generated by two generic quadratic forms. We show that the conjectured series
is an upper bound in the coefficient-wise sense, and we determine a majority of
the coefficients. We also conjecture that the series is equal to the series of
the squarefree polynomial ring modulo the ideal generated by the squares of two
generic linear forms.
|
math.AC math.CO
|
based on the structure theory of pairs of skewsymmetric matrices we give a conjecture for the hilbert series of the exterior algebra modulo the ideal generated by two generic quadratic forms we show that the conjectured series is an upper bound in the coefficientwise sense and we determine a majority of the coefficients we also conjecture that the series is equal to the series of the squarefree polynomial ring modulo the ideal generated by the squares of two generic linear forms
|
[['based', 'on', 'the', 'structure', 'theory', 'of', 'pairs', 'of', 'skewsymmetric', 'matrices', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'conjecture', 'for', 'the', 'hilbert', 'series', 'of', 'the', 'exterior', 'algebra', 'modulo', 'the', 'ideal', 'generated', 'by', 'two', 'generic', 'quadratic', 'forms', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'conjectured', 'series', 'is', 'an', 'upper', 'bound', 'in', 'the', 'coefficientwise', 'sense', 'and', 'we', 'determine', 'a', 'majority', 'of', 'the', 'coefficients', 'we', 'also', 'conjecture', 'that', 'the', 'series', 'is', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'series', 'of', 'the', 'squarefree', 'polynomial', 'ring', 'modulo', 'the', 'ideal', 'generated', 'by', 'the', 'squares', 'of', 'two', 'generic', 'linear', 'forms']]
|
[-0.20960673291443122, 0.05873981131011488, -0.0805258013618489, 0.02522252076075493, -0.050741864264839225, -0.08628598631670077, -0.043348034264600294, 0.26440123313417035, -0.34808054014488504, -0.19812361170526271, 0.09530181686514644, -0.25537154921847915, -0.19644574838816936, 0.22381574912341656, -0.018625965169458476, 0.041468600133135, 0.02082520501435171, 0.1038340256250475, -0.09699704579112155, -0.3704973754938692, 0.3939268709804265, 0.002280372390408575, 0.21233387206347637, 0.02044032493542972, 0.12451708263913054, 0.01136164041236043, -0.024668194836488477, -0.0366948015389987, -0.14508954645511782, 0.1718946101810829, 0.24208737130242367, 0.09810695679352423, 0.23565758049867494, -0.42766405298248117, -0.06336229710759204, 0.15852230382554325, 0.10143254240284916, 0.017066465118715977, -0.007145463381204064, -0.19355393555245282, 0.1480605710933077, -0.18162973256160816, -0.15312761356939136, -0.06912550557818678, 0.05730965818611928, -0.002595865478118261, -0.3225591860138121, 0.03767378316339922, 0.1367746600766241, 0.11677057124396936, -0.07278007697773936, -0.11881182735992803, 0.015586017320553461, 0.03732020554512187, -0.013275848753336403, -0.04819075222828506, 0.02811796219450318, -0.10005026621123154, -0.13042250174574876, 0.3252089802681664, -0.11321501329147407, -0.21543100685525088, 0.12100307775925799, -0.19558683144112612, -0.1388293270015928, 0.0960687446511454, 0.0879974055138451, 0.13954759888166998, -0.04243182124250948, 0.15916717185762447, -0.19158543933780842, 0.11915702709675204, 0.12085399089128147, -0.028469882290350433, 0.17681390139055841, 0.023677239910251013, 0.04737507966440459, 0.18645173318132205, -0.008331752477075767, -0.05041974845031897, -0.34876236575943087, -0.20884774069741574, -0.21507078159692478, 0.08372668976993243, -0.10424301812384294, -0.18271983770170697, 0.3980030701438218, 0.07503406510308937, 0.20207118252177297, 0.10487524048643715, 0.20792443140835307, 0.15566222140864458, 0.045662025173689114, 0.07332993476410155, 0.14877433502287776, 0.18123402053858212, -0.057400406872922624, -0.18832398706150275, 0.01400861510845982, 0.19789838619576192]
|
1,803.08919
|
Classical-Quantum Correspondence and Hawking Radiation
|
A recently discovered classical-quantum correspondence (CQC) maps certain
quantum problems to corresponding classical problems. We illustrate the CQC for
a quantum scalar field in the gravitational background of a collapsing
spherical shell. By truncating the problem to a small set of variables, we show
how the CQC can yield Hawking radiation as well as the slow down of the
collapse due to radiation backreaction.
|
hep-th gr-qc
|
a recently discovered classicalquantum correspondence cqc maps certain quantum problems to corresponding classical problems we illustrate the cqc for a quantum scalar field in the gravitational background of a collapsing spherical shell by truncating the problem to a small set of variables we show how the cqc can yield hawking radiation as well as the slow down of the collapse due to radiation backreaction
|
[['a', 'recently', 'discovered', 'classicalquantum', 'correspondence', 'cqc', 'maps', 'certain', 'quantum', 'problems', 'to', 'corresponding', 'classical', 'problems', 'we', 'illustrate', 'the', 'cqc', 'for', 'a', 'quantum', 'scalar', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'gravitational', 'background', 'of', 'a', 'collapsing', 'spherical', 'shell', 'by', 'truncating', 'the', 'problem', 'to', 'a', 'small', 'set', 'of', 'variables', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'the', 'cqc', 'can', 'yield', 'hawking', 'radiation', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'slow', 'down', 'of', 'the', 'collapse', 'due', 'to', 'radiation', 'backreaction']]
|
[-0.10941395765985362, 0.13833425292068569, -0.11168505743262358, 0.14580341835971922, -0.06795446473552147, -0.10563299243949587, 0.02270944906922523, 0.2673829767445568, -0.280618392440374, -0.2956126895151101, 0.07283054115396226, -0.22319419647101313, -0.15234242606675252, 0.20334257412469015, -0.06679751042338467, 0.0815831448417157, 0.032088084692077246, 0.04695875302058994, -0.09256534964515595, -0.2262562119449285, 0.3546311530517414, 0.0790526099553972, 0.2249242189573124, 0.0577949082799023, 0.10825093924358953, -0.02254006711882539, 0.011737771790649276, 0.060231414980080444, -0.10568013594092918, 0.045873342196500744, 0.2208496544335503, 0.1537762005100376, 0.26856805564602837, -0.43268438760424033, -0.27581987602752633, 0.12252202401214163, 0.13645936730972608, 0.22205443941493286, -0.05548559673479758, -0.31186393718235195, 0.05744653465808369, -0.18422459977591643, -0.12625024793669581, -0.041428520878980635, -0.006714046894558123, -0.02742288688023109, -0.22913550199882593, 0.06952986802207306, 0.06665078341939079, -0.036899961094604805, -0.03380559726792853, -0.017086486557673197, 0.01350959156116005, 0.08402540814131498, 0.07515392627828987, 0.030415654415264726, 0.1650871654128423, -0.16061725957115414, -0.11501957340988156, 0.40156700159423053, -0.06662620046517986, -0.19147331101703458, 0.17881797007794376, -0.13398385671462165, -0.07419185622711666, 0.13576373585965484, 0.13920183033042122, 0.14756247049808735, -0.12492773149278946, 0.13075032685264887, -0.020356182285468094, 0.13283387434057659, 0.11937840360042173, 0.035639759167679586, 0.29682108655106276, 0.08166958962101489, -0.0021609224859275855, 0.2508343275258085, -0.07311024446971714, -0.1550979665480554, -0.3381402593222447, -0.1419822048937931, -0.18608283474168275, 0.1157457636873005, -0.11481236824329244, -0.2022321908880258, 0.31328038731589913, 0.13236705136205273, 0.1803621308208676, 0.04842524352716282, 0.2672149413265288, 0.12760723716587563, 0.03082297954824753, 0.07486842703656293, 0.2760900022694841, 0.22670665494297282, 0.1048664325644495, -0.2539409188902937, -0.053582997010380495, 0.060760703912819736]
|
1,803.0892
|
pynucastro: an interface to nuclear reaction rates and code generator
for reaction network equations
|
pynucastro addresses two needs in the field of nuclear astrophysics: visual
exploration of nuclear reaction rates or networks and automated code generation
for integrating reaction network ODEs. pynucastro accomplishes this by
interfacing with nuclear reaction rate parameterizations published by the JINA
Reaclib project (Cyburt et al. 2010).
|
astro-ph.IM
|
pynucastro addresses two needs in the field of nuclear astrophysics visual exploration of nuclear reaction rates or networks and automated code generation for integrating reaction network odes pynucastro accomplishes this by interfacing with nuclear reaction rate parameterizations published by the jina reaclib project cyburt et al 2010
|
[['pynucastro', 'addresses', 'two', 'needs', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'nuclear', 'astrophysics', 'visual', 'exploration', 'of', 'nuclear', 'reaction', 'rates', 'or', 'networks', 'and', 'automated', 'code', 'generation', 'for', 'integrating', 'reaction', 'network', 'odes', 'pynucastro', 'accomplishes', 'this', 'by', 'interfacing', 'with', 'nuclear', 'reaction', 'rate', 'parameterizations', 'published', 'by', 'the', 'jina', 'reaclib', 'project', 'cyburt', 'et', 'al', '2010']]
|
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|
1,803.08921
|
Factorization of Dirac operators on toric noncommutative manifolds
|
We factorize the Dirac operator on the Connes-Landi 4-sphere in unbounded
KK-theory. We show that a family of Dirac operators along the orbits of the
torus action defines an unbounded Kasparov module, while the Dirac operator on
the principal orbit space -an open quadrant in the 2-sphere- defines a
half-closed chain. We show that the tensor sum of these two operators coincides
up to unitary equivalence with the Dirac operator on the Connes-Landi sphere
and prove that this tensor sum is an unbounded representative of the interior
Kasparov product in bivariant K-theory.
We also generalize our results to Dirac operators on all toric noncommutative
manifolds subject to a condition on the principal stratum. We find that there
is a curvature term that arises as an obstruction for having a tensor sum
decomposition in unbounded KK-theory. This curvature term can however not be
detected at the level of bounded KK-theory.
|
math.OA math.DG math.FA
|
we factorize the dirac operator on the conneslandi 4sphere in unbounded kktheory we show that a family of dirac operators along the orbits of the torus action defines an unbounded kasparov module while the dirac operator on the principal orbit space an open quadrant in the 2sphere defines a halfclosed chain we show that the tensor sum of these two operators coincides up to unitary equivalence with the dirac operator on the conneslandi sphere and prove that this tensor sum is an unbounded representative of the interior kasparov product in bivariant ktheory we also generalize our results to dirac operators on all toric noncommutative manifolds subject to a condition on the principal stratum we find that there is a curvature term that arises as an obstruction for having a tensor sum decomposition in unbounded kktheory this curvature term can however not be detected at the level of bounded kktheory
|
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|
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|
1,803.08922
|
Majorana Corner Modes in a Second-Order Kitaev Spin Liquid
|
Higher-order topological insulators are distinguished by the existence of
topologically protected modes with codimension two or higher. Here, we report
the manifestation of a second-order topological insulator in a two dimensional
frustrated quantum magnet, which exhibits topological corner modes. Our
exactly-solvable model is a generalization of the Kitaev honeycomb model to the
Shastry-Sutherland lattice that, besides a chiral spin liquid phase, exhibits a
gapped spin liquid with Majorana corner modes, which are protected by two
mirror symmetries. This second-order Kitaev spin liquid remains stable in the
presence of thermal fluctuations and undergoes a finite-temperature phase
transition evidenced in large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
|
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.stat-mech
|
higherorder topological insulators are distinguished by the existence of topologically protected modes with codimension two or higher here we report the manifestation of a secondorder topological insulator in a two dimensional frustrated quantum magnet which exhibits topological corner modes our exactlysolvable model is a generalization of the kitaev honeycomb model to the shastrysutherland lattice that besides a chiral spin liquid phase exhibits a gapped spin liquid with majorana corner modes which are protected by two mirror symmetries this secondorder kitaev spin liquid remains stable in the presence of thermal fluctuations and undergoes a finitetemperature phase transition evidenced in largescale quantum monte carlo simulations
|
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|
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|
1,803.08923
|
Predicting Lyman-alpha escape fractions with a simple observable:
Lyman-alpha in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate
indicator
|
Lyman-alpha (Lya) is intrinsically the brightest line emitted from active
galaxies. While it originates from many physical processes, for star-forming
galaxies the intrinsic Lya luminosity is a direct tracer of the Lyman-continuum
(LyC) radiation produced by the most massive O- and early-type B-stars with
lifetimes of a few Myrs. As such, Lya luminosity should be an excellent
instantaneous star formation rate (SFR) indicator. However, its resonant nature
and susceptibility to dust as a rest-frame UV photon makes Lya very hard to
interpret due to the uncertain Lya escape fraction, f$_{esc,Ly\alpha}$. Here we
explore results from the CALYMHA survey at z=2.2, follow-up of Lya emitters
(LAEs) at z=2.2-2.6 and a z~0-0.3 compilation of LAEs to directly measure
f$_{esc,Ly\alpha}$ with H-alpha (Ha). We derive a simple empirical relation
that robustly retrieves f$_{esc,Ly\alpha}$ as a function of Lya rest-frame EW
(EW$_0$): f$_{esc,Ly\alpha}$= 0.0048 EW$_0$[A]$\pm0.05$ and we show that it
constrains a well-defined anti-correlation between ionisation efficiency and
dust extinction in LAEs. Observed Lya luminosities and EW$_0$ are easy
measurable quantities at high redshift, thus making our relation a practical
tool to estimate intrinsic Lya and LyC luminosities under well controlled and
simple assumptions. Our results allow observed Lya luminosities to be used to
compute SFRs for LAEs at z~0-2.6 within 0.2 dex of the Ha dust corrected SFRs.
We apply our empirical SFR(Lya,EW$_0$) calibration to several sources at z>2.6
to find that star-forming LAEs have SFRs typically ranging from 0.1 to 20
M$_{\odot}$/yr and that our calibration might be even applicable for the most
luminous LAEs within the epoch of re-ionisation. Our results imply high
ionisation efficiencies and low dust content in LAEs across cosmic time, and
will be easily tested with future observations with JWST.
|
astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO
|
lymanalpha lya is intrinsically the brightest line emitted from active galaxies while it originates from many physical processes for starforming galaxies the intrinsic lya luminosity is a direct tracer of the lymancontinuum lyc radiation produced by the most massive o and earlytype bstars with lifetimes of a few myrs as such lya luminosity should be an excellent instantaneous star formation rate sfr indicator however its resonant nature and susceptibility to dust as a restframe uv photon makes lya very hard to interpret due to the uncertain lya escape fraction f_esclyalpha here we explore results from the calymha survey at z22 followup of lya emitters laes at z2226 and a z003 compilation of laes to directly measure f_esclyalpha with halpha ha we derive a simple empirical relation that robustly retrieves f_esclyalpha as a function of lya restframe ew ew_0 f_esclyalpha 00048 ew_0apm005 and we show that it constrains a welldefined anticorrelation between ionisation efficiency and dust extinction in laes observed lya luminosities and ew_0 are easy measurable quantities at high redshift thus making our relation a practical tool to estimate intrinsic lya and lyc luminosities under well controlled and simple assumptions our results allow observed lya luminosities to be used to compute sfrs for laes at z026 within 02 dex of the ha dust corrected sfrs we apply our empirical sfrlyaew_0 calibration to several sources at z26 to find that starforming laes have sfrs typically ranging from 01 to 20 m_odotyr and that our calibration might be even applicable for the most luminous laes within the epoch of reionisation our results imply high ionisation efficiencies and low dust content in laes across cosmic time and will be easily tested with future observations with jwst
|
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|
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|
1,803.08924
|
On the maximum pair multiplicity of pulsar cascades
|
We study electron-positron pair production in polar caps of energetic pulsars
to determine the maximum multiplicity of pair plasma a pulsar can produce under
the most favorable conditions. This paper complements and updates our study of
pair cascades presented in Timokhin & Harding (2015) with more accurate
treatment of the effects of ultra strong B>3x10^{12}G magnetic fields and
emission processes of primary and secondary particles. We include pairs
produced by curvature and synchrotron radiation photons as well as resonant
Compton scattered photons. We develop a semi-analytical model of
electron-positrons cascades which can efficiently simulate pair cascades with
an arbitrary number of microphysical processes and use it to explore cascade
properties for a wide range of pulsar parameters. We argue that the maximum
cascade multiplicity can not exceed ~ a few x 10^5 and the multiplicity has a
rather weak dependence on pulsar period on pulsar period. The highest
multiplicity is achieved in pulsars with magnetic field 4x10^{12}<B<10^{13}G
and hot surfaces, with T>10^6K. We also derive analytical expressions for
several physical quantities relevant for electromagnetic cascade in pulsars
which may be useful in future works on pulsar cascades, including the upper
limit on cascade multiplicity and various approximations for the parameter
\chi, the exponential factor in the expression for photon attenuation in strong
magnetic field.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
we study electronpositron pair production in polar caps of energetic pulsars to determine the maximum multiplicity of pair plasma a pulsar can produce under the most favorable conditions this paper complements and updates our study of pair cascades presented in timokhin harding 2015 with more accurate treatment of the effects of ultra strong b3x1012g magnetic fields and emission processes of primary and secondary particles we include pairs produced by curvature and synchrotron radiation photons as well as resonant compton scattered photons we develop a semianalytical model of electronpositrons cascades which can efficiently simulate pair cascades with an arbitrary number of microphysical processes and use it to explore cascade properties for a wide range of pulsar parameters we argue that the maximum cascade multiplicity can not exceed a few x 105 and the multiplicity has a rather weak dependence on pulsar period on pulsar period the highest multiplicity is achieved in pulsars with magnetic field 4x1012b1013g and hot surfaces with t106k we also derive analytical expressions for several physical quantities relevant for electromagnetic cascade in pulsars which may be useful in future works on pulsar cascades including the upper limit on cascade multiplicity and various approximations for the parameter chi the exponential factor in the expression for photon attenuation in strong magnetic field
|
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|
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|
1,803.08925
|
PSFGAN: a generative adversarial network system for separating quasar
point sources and host galaxy light
|
The study of unobscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars depends on
the reliable decomposition of the light from the AGN point source and the
extended host galaxy light. The problem is typically approached using
parametric fitting routines using separate models for the host galaxy and the
point spread function (PSF). We present a new approach using a Generative
Adversarial Network (GAN) trained on galaxy images. We test the method using
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) r-band images with artificial AGN point sources
added which are then removed using the GAN and with parametric methods using
GALFIT. When the AGN point source PS is more than twice as bright as the host
galaxy, we find that our method, PSFGAN, can recover PS and host galaxy
magnitudes with smaller systematic error and a lower average scatter ($49\%$).
PSFGAN is more tolerant to poor knowledge of the PSF than parametric methods.
Our tests show that PSFGAN is robust against a broadening in the PSF width of
$\pm 50\%$ if it is trained on multiple PSF's. We demonstrate that while a
matched training set does improve performance, we can still subtract point
sources using a PSFGAN trained on non-astronomical images. While initial
training is computationally expensive, evaluating PSFGAN on data is more than
$40$ times faster than GALFIT fitting two components. Finally, PSFGAN it is
more robust and easy to use than parametric methods as it requires no input
parameters.
|
astro-ph.GA physics.data-an
|
the study of unobscured active galactic nuclei agn and quasars depends on the reliable decomposition of the light from the agn point source and the extended host galaxy light the problem is typically approached using parametric fitting routines using separate models for the host galaxy and the point spread function psf we present a new approach using a generative adversarial network gan trained on galaxy images we test the method using sloan digital sky survey sdss rband images with artificial agn point sources added which are then removed using the gan and with parametric methods using galfit when the agn point source ps is more than twice as bright as the host galaxy we find that our method psfgan can recover ps and host galaxy magnitudes with smaller systematic error and a lower average scatter 49 psfgan is more tolerant to poor knowledge of the psf than parametric methods our tests show that psfgan is robust against a broadening in the psf width of pm 50 if it is trained on multiple psfs we demonstrate that while a matched training set does improve performance we can still subtract point sources using a psfgan trained on nonastronomical images while initial training is computationally expensive evaluating psfgan on data is more than 40 times faster than galfit fitting two components finally psfgan it is more robust and easy to use than parametric methods as it requires no input parameters
|
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|
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|
1,803.08926
|
Cross-calibration of CO- vs dust-based gas masses and assessment of the
dynamical mass budget in Herschel-SDSS Stripe82 galaxies
|
We present a cross-calibration of CO- and dust-based molecular gas masses at
$z \leqslant 0.2$. Our results are based on a survey with the IRAM 30-m
telescope collecting CO(1-0) measurements of 78 massive ($\log M_{\star} /
M_{\odot} > 10$) galaxies with known gas-phase metallicities, and with IR
photometric coverage from WISE (22 $\mu$m ) and Herschel SPIRE (250, 350, 500
$\mu$m). We find a tight relation ($\sim 0.17$ dex scatter) between the gas
masses inferred from CO and dust continuum emission, with a minor systematic
offset of 0.05 dex. The two methods can be brought into agreement by applying a
metallicity-dependent adjustment factor ($\sim 0.13$ dex scatter). We
illustrate that the observed offset is consistent with a scenario in which dust
traces not only molecular gas, but also part of the ${\rm H \small I}$
reservoir, residing in the ${\rm H_2}$-dominated region of the galaxy.
Observations of the CO(2-1) to CO(1-0) line ratio for two thirds of the sample
indicate a narrow range in excitation properties, with a median ratio of
luminosities $ \left\langle R_{21} \right\rangle \sim 0.64 $. Finally, we find
dynamical mass constraints from spectral line profile fitting to agree well
with the anticipated mass budget enclosed within an effective radius, once all
mass components (stars, gas and dark matter) are accounted for.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we present a crosscalibration of co and dustbased molecular gas masses at z leqslant 02 our results are based on a survey with the iram 30m telescope collecting co10 measurements of 78 massive log m_star m_odot 10 galaxies with known gasphase metallicities and with ir photometric coverage from wise 22 mum and herschel spire 250 350 500 mum we find a tight relation sim 017 dex scatter between the gas masses inferred from co and dust continuum emission with a minor systematic offset of 005 dex the two methods can be brought into agreement by applying a metallicitydependent adjustment factor sim 013 dex scatter we illustrate that the observed offset is consistent with a scenario in which dust traces not only molecular gas but also part of the rm h small i reservoir residing in the rm h_2dominated region of the galaxy observations of the co21 to co10 line ratio for two thirds of the sample indicate a narrow range in excitation properties with a median ratio of luminosities leftlangle r_21 rightrangle sim 064 finally we find dynamical mass constraints from spectral line profile fitting to agree well with the anticipated mass budget enclosed within an effective radius once all mass components stars gas and dark matter are accounted for
|
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|
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|
1,803.08927
|
Misaligned Accretion and Jet Production
|
Disc accretion on to a black hole is often misaligned from its spin axis. If
the disc maintains a significant magnetic field normal to its local plane, we
show that dipole radiation from Lense-Thirring precessing disc annuli can
extract a significant fraction of the accretion energy, sharply peaked towards
small disc radii $R$ (as $R^{-17/2}$ for fields with constant equipartition
ratio). This low-frequency emission is immediately absorbed by surrounding
matter or refracted towards the regions of lowest density. The resultant
mechanical pressure, dipole angular pattern, and much lower matter density
towards the rotational poles create a strong tendency to drive jets along the
black hole spin axis, similar to the spin-axis jets of radio pulsars, also
strong dipole emitters. The coherent primary emission may explain the high
brightness temperatures seen in jets. The intrinsic disc emission is modulated
at Lense-Thirring frequencies near the inner edge, providing a physical
mechanism for low-frequency QPOs.
Dipole emission requires nonzero hole spin, but uses only disc accretion
energy. No spin energy is extracted, unlike the Blandford-Znajek process.
MHD/GRMHD formulations do not directly give radiation fields, but can be
checked post-process for dipole emission and so self-consistency, given
sufficient resolution. Jets driven by dipole radiation should be more common in
AGN than in X-ray binaries, and in low accretion rate states than high,
agreeing with observation. In non-black-hole accretion, misaligned disc annuli
precess because of the accretor's mass quadrupole moment, similarly producing
jets and QPOs.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
disc accretion on to a black hole is often misaligned from its spin axis if the disc maintains a significant magnetic field normal to its local plane we show that dipole radiation from lensethirring precessing disc annuli can extract a significant fraction of the accretion energy sharply peaked towards small disc radii r as r172 for fields with constant equipartition ratio this lowfrequency emission is immediately absorbed by surrounding matter or refracted towards the regions of lowest density the resultant mechanical pressure dipole angular pattern and much lower matter density towards the rotational poles create a strong tendency to drive jets along the black hole spin axis similar to the spinaxis jets of radio pulsars also strong dipole emitters the coherent primary emission may explain the high brightness temperatures seen in jets the intrinsic disc emission is modulated at lensethirring frequencies near the inner edge providing a physical mechanism for lowfrequency qpos dipole emission requires nonzero hole spin but uses only disc accretion energy no spin energy is extracted unlike the blandfordznajek process mhdgrmhd formulations do not directly give radiation fields but can be checked postprocess for dipole emission and so selfconsistency given sufficient resolution jets driven by dipole radiation should be more common in agn than in xray binaries and in low accretion rate states than high agreeing with observation in nonblackhole accretion misaligned disc annuli precess because of the accretors mass quadrupole moment similarly producing jets and qpos
|
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|
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|
1,803.08928
|
CPT-Symmetric Universe
|
We propose that the state of the universe does {\it not} spontaneously
violate CPT. Instead, the universe after the big bang is the CPT image of the
universe before it, both classically and quantum mechanically. The pre- and
post-bang epochs comprise a universe/anti-universe pair, emerging from nothing
directly into a hot, radiation-dominated era. CPT symmetry selects a unique QFT
vacuum state on such a spacetime, providing a new interpretation of the
cosmological baryon asymmetry, as well as a remarkably economical explanation
for the cosmological dark matter. Requiring only the standard three-generation
model of particle physics (with right-handed neutrinos), a $\mathbb{Z}_2$
symmetry suffices to render one of the right-handed neutrinos stable. We
calculate its abundance from first principles: matching the observed dark
matter density requires its mass to be $4.8\times10^{8}~{\rm GeV}$. Several
other testable predictions follow: (i) the three light neutrinos are Majorana
and allow neutrinoless double $\beta$ decay; (ii) the lightest neutrino is
massless; and (iii) there are no primordial long-wavelength gravitational
waves. We mention connections to the strong CP problem and the arrow of time.
|
hep-ph astro-ph.CO gr-qc hep-th
|
we propose that the state of the universe does it not spontaneously violate cpt instead the universe after the big bang is the cpt image of the universe before it both classically and quantum mechanically the pre and postbang epochs comprise a universeantiuniverse pair emerging from nothing directly into a hot radiationdominated era cpt symmetry selects a unique qft vacuum state on such a spacetime providing a new interpretation of the cosmological baryon asymmetry as well as a remarkably economical explanation for the cosmological dark matter requiring only the standard threegeneration model of particle physics with righthanded neutrinos a mathbbz_2 symmetry suffices to render one of the righthanded neutrinos stable we calculate its abundance from first principles matching the observed dark matter density requires its mass to be 48times108rm gev several other testable predictions follow i the three light neutrinos are majorana and allow neutrinoless double beta decay ii the lightest neutrino is massless and iii there are no primordial longwavelength gravitational waves we mention connections to the strong cp problem and the arrow of time
|
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|
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|
1,803.08929
|
Testing Larson's relationships in massive clumps
|
We tested the validity of the three Larson relations in a sample of 213
massive clumps selected from the Herschel Hi-GAL survey and combined with data
from the MALT90 survey of 3mm emission lines. The clumps have been divided in 5
evolutionary stages to discuss the Larson relations also as function of
evolution. We show that this ensemble does not follow the three Larson
relations, regardless of clump evolutionary phase. A consequence of this
breakdown is that the virial parameter $\alpha_{vir}$ dependence with mass (and
radius) is only a function of the gravitational energy, independent of the
kinetic energy of the system, and $\alpha_{vir}$ is not a good descriptor of
clump dynamics. Our results suggest that clumps with clear signatures of infall
motions are statistically indistinguishable from clumps with no such
signatures. The observed non-thermal motions are not necessarily ascribed to
turbulence acting to sustain the gravity, but they may be due to the
gravitational collapse at the clump scales. This seems particularly true for
the most massive (M$\geq$1000 M$_{\odot}$) clumps in the sample, where also
exceptionally high magnetic fields may not be enough to stabilize the collapse.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we tested the validity of the three larson relations in a sample of 213 massive clumps selected from the herschel higal survey and combined with data from the malt90 survey of 3mm emission lines the clumps have been divided in 5 evolutionary stages to discuss the larson relations also as function of evolution we show that this ensemble does not follow the three larson relations regardless of clump evolutionary phase a consequence of this breakdown is that the virial parameter alpha_vir dependence with mass and radius is only a function of the gravitational energy independent of the kinetic energy of the system and alpha_vir is not a good descriptor of clump dynamics our results suggest that clumps with clear signatures of infall motions are statistically indistinguishable from clumps with no such signatures the observed nonthermal motions are not necessarily ascribed to turbulence acting to sustain the gravity but they may be due to the gravitational collapse at the clump scales this seems particularly true for the most massive mgeq1000 m_odot clumps in the sample where also exceptionally high magnetic fields may not be enough to stabilize the collapse
|
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|
[-0.10483749686643222, 0.14367239199887544, -0.11787549204586502, 0.09433044310918147, -0.07996607227948181, -0.013964381915601816, 0.018739311876183842, 0.37539799172769894, -0.18392940596126414, -0.334515143365146, 0.07431741233947463, -0.24510705283778236, -0.06763586629540684, 0.1567335706204176, 0.0053579347247984955, -0.03579585080191911, 0.05927539292354396, -0.04991045843854666, -0.035353861240555534, -0.23923125063980566, 0.3360821874631708, 0.061338472184426285, 0.20242766940039128, 0.0075229189264025284, 0.07154831289809277, -0.16221789996647698, -0.054508206095885144, 0.03346554668592837, -0.1514182874308709, 0.007877331749999269, 0.2276963619278734, 0.14505508147894602, 0.24495588497004725, -0.3778277735575569, -0.20993026944977994, 0.10941405044177567, 0.21107725776672204, 0.08490285263172684, -0.032922229803675276, -0.26583296311571, 0.09065554386663455, -0.16614983408004644, -0.15724709007906462, 0.018649602963783363, 0.061689257459904265, 0.06474752030659088, -0.23288440306915, 0.1514192685073386, 0.04283302968783792, 0.037784514331164205, -0.10068711550298699, -0.09601770309210919, -0.08358201550265007, 0.09258856051377354, 0.027489303140577306, 0.06450716089793446, 0.1921813142103676, -0.13386631133607563, -0.032243517800209356, 0.4299010027717938, -0.053801048639476955, -0.09742441860819484, 0.2508380746115298, -0.2206337750207055, -0.18511147491999946, 0.16186307727379157, 0.12027798416242402, 0.07491197437795008, -0.143167415788188, -0.022412430095040604, -0.024764622166319528, 0.22442281315411955, 0.05563313205773758, 0.0536831250186402, 0.3142735823729937, 0.09839971013924974, 0.024024626946096674, 0.10119105808631104, -0.1558553143877556, -0.0981803783819448, -0.2953083510429693, -0.1173549340776402, -0.18350031749808535, 0.05353813444514495, -0.11063282512712609, -0.13719763913077307, 0.3024861293391668, 0.14484624143933908, 0.21796744498349527, 0.060980634935658404, 0.2689049789734324, 0.09087527671923493, 0.14943911529390172, 0.12125354315736954, 0.3118446678979033, 0.16413064163930235, 0.09023292241543332, -0.23829708480335932, 0.04929544463415037, -0.009864043374670381]
|
1,803.0893
|
The Big Bang, CPT, and neutrino dark matter
|
We investigate the idea that the universe before the Big Bang is the $CPT$
reflection of the universe after the bang, both classically and quantum
mechanically, so that the universe does {\it not} spontaneously violate $CPT$.
We show how $CPT$ symmetry selects a preferred vacuum state for quantum fields
on a $CPT$-invariant cosmological background spacetime. The universe before the
bang and the universe after the bang may be viewed as a universe/anti-universe
pair, emerging directly into the hot, radiation-dominated era we observe in our
past. This, in turn, leads to a remarkably economical explanation of the
cosmological dark matter. With no additional fields beyond Einstein gravity and
the standard model of particle physics (including right-handed neutrinos), a
$\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ symmetry stabilizes one of the right-handed neutrinos. We
calculate its abundance in detail and show that, in order to match the observed
dark matter density, its mass must be $4.8\times10^{8}~{\rm GeV}$. We obtain
several further predictions, including: (i) that the three light neutrinos are
majorana; (ii) that one of these is exactly massless; and (iii) that, in the
absence of an epoch of cosmic inflation, there should be no primordial,
long-wavelength gravitational waves. We also briefly discuss the natural origin
of the matter-antimatter asymmetry within this picture and possibilities for
explaining the cosmological perturbations.
|
hep-ph astro-ph.CO gr-qc hep-th
|
we investigate the idea that the universe before the big bang is the cpt reflection of the universe after the bang both classically and quantum mechanically so that the universe does it not spontaneously violate cpt we show how cpt symmetry selects a preferred vacuum state for quantum fields on a cptinvariant cosmological background spacetime the universe before the bang and the universe after the bang may be viewed as a universeantiuniverse pair emerging directly into the hot radiationdominated era we observe in our past this in turn leads to a remarkably economical explanation of the cosmological dark matter with no additional fields beyond einstein gravity and the standard model of particle physics including righthanded neutrinos a mathbbz_2 symmetry stabilizes one of the righthanded neutrinos we calculate its abundance in detail and show that in order to match the observed dark matter density its mass must be 48times108rm gev we obtain several further predictions including i that the three light neutrinos are majorana ii that one of these is exactly massless and iii that in the absence of an epoch of cosmic inflation there should be no primordial longwavelength gravitational waves we also briefly discuss the natural origin of the matterantimatter asymmetry within this picture and possibilities for explaining the cosmological perturbations
|
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|
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|
1,803.08931
|
Mapping Distances Across the Perseus Molecular Cloud Using CO
Observations, Stellar Photometry, and Gaia DR2 Parallax Measurements
|
We present a new technique to determine distances to major star-forming
regions across the Perseus Molecular Cloud, using a combination of stellar
photometry, astrometric data, and $\rm ^{12} CO$ spectral-line maps.
Incorporating the Gaia DR2 parallax measurements when available, we start by
inferring the distance and reddening to stars from their Pan-STARRS1 and 2MASS
photometry, based on a technique presented in Green et al. 2014; Green et al.
2015 and implemented in their 3D "Bayestar" dust map of three-quarters of the
sky. We then refine the Green et al. technique by using the velocity slices of
a CO spectral cube as dust templates and modeling the cumulative distribution
of dust along the line of sight towards these stars as a linear combination of
the emission in the slices. Using a nested sampling algorithm, we fit these
per-star distance-reddening measurements to find the distances to the CO
velocity slices towards each star-forming region. This results in distance
estimates explicitly tied to the velocity structure of the molecular gas. We
determine distances to the B5, IC348, B1, NGC1333, L1448, and L1451
star-forming regions and find that individual clouds are located between
$\approx 275-300$ pc, with typical combined uncertainties of $\approx 5\%$. We
find that the velocity gradient across Perseus corresponds to a distance
gradient of about 25 pc, with the eastern portion of the cloud farther away
than the western portion. We determine an average distance to the complex of
$294\pm 17$ pc, about 60 pc higher than the distance derived to the western
portion of the cloud using parallax measurements of water masers associated
with young stellar objects. The method we present is not limited to the Perseus
Complex, but may be applied anywhere on the sky with adequate CO data in the
pursuit of more accurate 3D maps of molecular clouds in the solar neighborhood
and beyond.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we present a new technique to determine distances to major starforming regions across the perseus molecular cloud using a combination of stellar photometry astrometric data and rm 12 co spectralline maps incorporating the gaia dr2 parallax measurements when available we start by inferring the distance and reddening to stars from their panstarrs1 and 2mass photometry based on a technique presented in green et al 2014 green et al 2015 and implemented in their 3d bayestar dust map of threequarters of the sky we then refine the green et al technique by using the velocity slices of a co spectral cube as dust templates and modeling the cumulative distribution of dust along the line of sight towards these stars as a linear combination of the emission in the slices using a nested sampling algorithm we fit these perstar distancereddening measurements to find the distances to the co velocity slices towards each starforming region this results in distance estimates explicitly tied to the velocity structure of the molecular gas we determine distances to the b5 ic348 b1 ngc1333 l1448 and l1451 starforming regions and find that individual clouds are located between approx 275300 pc with typical combined uncertainties of approx 5 we find that the velocity gradient across perseus corresponds to a distance gradient of about 25 pc with the eastern portion of the cloud farther away than the western portion we determine an average distance to the complex of 294pm 17 pc about 60 pc higher than the distance derived to the western portion of the cloud using parallax measurements of water masers associated with young stellar objects the method we present is not limited to the perseus complex but may be applied anywhere on the sky with adequate co data in the pursuit of more accurate 3d maps of molecular clouds in the solar neighborhood and beyond
|
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|
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|
1,803.08932
|
Evidence for Large-Scale Fluctuations in the Metagalactic Ionizing
Background Near Redshift Six
|
The observed scatter in intergalactic Lyman-$\alpha$ opacity at $z \lesssim
6$ requires large-scale fluctuations in the neutral fraction of the
intergalactic medium (IGM) after the expected end of reionization.
Post-reionization models that explain this scatter invoke fluctuations in
either the ionizing ultraviolet background (UVB) or IGM temperature. These
models make very different predictions, however, for the relationship between
Lyman-$\alpha$ opacity and local density. Here we test these models using
Lyman-$\alpha$ emitting galaxies (LAEs) to trace the density field surrounding
the longest and most opaque known Lyman-$\alpha$ trough at $z < 6$. Using deep
Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam narrow-band imaging, we find a highly significant
deficit of $z \simeq 5.7$ LAEs within 20 Mpc/$h$ of the trough. The results are
consistent with a model in which the scatter in Lyman-$\alpha$ opacity near $z
\sim 6$ is driven by large-scale UVB fluctuations, and disfavor a scenario in
which the scatter is primarily driven by variations in IGM temperature. UVB
fluctuations at this epoch present a boundary condition for reionization
models, and may help shed light on the nature of the ionizing sources.
|
astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA
|
the observed scatter in intergalactic lymanalpha opacity at z lesssim 6 requires largescale fluctuations in the neutral fraction of the intergalactic medium igm after the expected end of reionization postreionization models that explain this scatter invoke fluctuations in either the ionizing ultraviolet background uvb or igm temperature these models make very different predictions however for the relationship between lymanalpha opacity and local density here we test these models using lymanalpha emitting galaxies laes to trace the density field surrounding the longest and most opaque known lymanalpha trough at z 6 using deep subaru hyper suprimecam narrowband imaging we find a highly significant deficit of z simeq 57 laes within 20 mpch of the trough the results are consistent with a model in which the scatter in lymanalpha opacity near z sim 6 is driven by largescale uvb fluctuations and disfavor a scenario in which the scatter is primarily driven by variations in igm temperature uvb fluctuations at this epoch present a boundary condition for reionization models and may help shed light on the nature of the ionizing sources
|
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|
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|
1,803.08933
|
An Extensive Photometric Catalog of CALIFA Galaxies
|
We present an extensive compendium of photometrically-determined structural
properties for all CALIFA galaxies in the Third Data Release (DR3). We exploit
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) images in order to extract one-dimensional (1D)
$gri$ surface brightness profiles for all CALIFA DR3 galaxies. We also derive a
variety of non-parametric quantities and parametric models fitted to 1D i-band
profiles. The galaxy images are decomposed using the 2D bulge-disc
decomposition programs IMFIT and GALFIT. The relative performance and merit of
our 1D and 2D modelling approaches are assessed. Where possible, we compare and
augment our photometry with existing measurements from the literature. Close
agreement is generally found with the studies of Walcher et al. (2014) and
M\'endez-Abreu et al. (2017), though some significant differences exist.
Various structural metrics are also highlighted on account of their tight
dispersion against an independent variable, such as the circular velocity.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we present an extensive compendium of photometricallydetermined structural properties for all califa galaxies in the third data release dr3 we exploit sloan digital sky survey sdss images in order to extract onedimensional 1d gri surface brightness profiles for all califa dr3 galaxies we also derive a variety of nonparametric quantities and parametric models fitted to 1d iband profiles the galaxy images are decomposed using the 2d bulgedisc decomposition programs imfit and galfit the relative performance and merit of our 1d and 2d modelling approaches are assessed where possible we compare and augment our photometry with existing measurements from the literature close agreement is generally found with the studies of walcher et al 2014 and mendezabreu et al 2017 though some significant differences exist various structural metrics are also highlighted on account of their tight dispersion against an independent variable such as the circular velocity
|
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|
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|
1,803.08934
|
Probing the sterile neutrino portal to Dark Matter with $\gamma$ rays
|
Sterile neutrinos could provide a link between the Standard Model particles
and a dark sector, besides generating active neutrino masses via the seesaw
mechanism type I. We show that, if dark matter annihilation into sterile
neutrinos determines its observed relic abundance, it is possible to explain
the Galactic Center $\gamma$-ray excess reported by the Fermi-LAT Collaboration
as due to an astrophysical component plus dark matter annihilations. We observe
that sterile neutrino portal to dark matter provides an impressively good fit,
with a p-value of 0.78 in the best fit point, to the Galactic Center
$\gamma$-ray flux, for DM masses in the range (40-80) GeV and sterile neutrino
masses 20 GeV $\lesssim M_N < M_{DM}$. Such values are compatible with the
limits from Fermi-LAT observations of the dwarfs spheroidal galaxies in the
Milky Way halo, which rule out dark matter masses below $\sim$ 50 GeV (90 GeV),
for sterile neutrino masses $M_N \lesssim M_{DM}$ ($M_N \ll M_{DM}$). We also
estimate the impact of AMS-02 anti-proton data on this scenario.
|
hep-ph
|
sterile neutrinos could provide a link between the standard model particles and a dark sector besides generating active neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism type i we show that if dark matter annihilation into sterile neutrinos determines its observed relic abundance it is possible to explain the galactic center gammaray excess reported by the fermilat collaboration as due to an astrophysical component plus dark matter annihilations we observe that sterile neutrino portal to dark matter provides an impressively good fit with a pvalue of 078 in the best fit point to the galactic center gammaray flux for dm masses in the range 4080 gev and sterile neutrino masses 20 gev lesssim m_n m_dm such values are compatible with the limits from fermilat observations of the dwarfs spheroidal galaxies in the milky way halo which rule out dark matter masses below sim 50 gev 90 gev for sterile neutrino masses m_n lesssim m_dm m_n ll m_dm we also estimate the impact of ams02 antiproton data on this scenario
|
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|
[-0.06070003755011423, 0.2807007001848504, -0.02711421144780463, 0.2862106643695228, -0.13409702744527335, -0.10221196585585793, 0.08391636571133074, 0.3547908539795261, -0.14750239350080133, -0.4347205516397061, -0.08787006405976874, -0.3204995027302714, 0.11453506101339687, 0.20159545575629664, 0.06978833610136173, -0.04618715298315719, 0.04959570686402591, -0.03417925704476245, -0.015665746970495355, -0.25787382686098, 0.25345238560844147, 0.1284821878276587, 0.12394096750437009, 0.0429190755041015, 0.08718685473491086, -0.10672854441692105, -0.029030462818967546, -0.20115177130917766, -0.1544993601989142, -0.008813451118850913, 0.19245054421550456, 0.11563999956462555, 0.048185813180756515, -0.31725398002158917, -0.19008254056272214, 0.28835981809338945, 0.20881648759865118, -0.04335193044971675, -0.12913249119416348, -0.3669319909183074, 0.08892299374844322, -0.2945386537735512, -0.16687914441356402, 0.0369910865765578, -0.04346537122274275, -0.08009104420079621, -0.27592638520869667, 0.1432598747498102, -0.08399009576620127, -0.08366769213720175, -0.09485481977867086, -0.21668721164414984, -0.007342332249094626, -0.08681138788634342, 0.17587314793229394, -0.020913459534873953, 0.23573250889577374, -0.16015532404577504, -0.05639254858558384, 0.4585345423652116, -0.11264697823695793, -0.003665294824446925, 0.11752447959985082, -0.16771725022295367, -0.18529603196430705, 0.14757166072045882, 0.1352640028734842, -0.010555147179430294, -0.19656635361896482, 0.13885544082582063, -0.12717341471876123, 0.24816168207081987, 0.05766779688761352, -0.014678494522381506, 0.41442662995576324, 0.20889972008117838, 0.133868155510215, -0.11151374817942966, -0.21169931481837737, 0.0013372527130790233, -0.3670245751426249, -0.08383433489285097, -0.0927090051243762, 0.09304353708546319, -0.12227811524348227, -0.010468676064475746, 0.35684051013323004, 0.11190811666370018, 0.2755225469709603, 0.03754815342278404, 0.3197987842538065, 0.01988173333557133, 0.038079624312433474, 0.08575942404819151, 0.39355634292866476, 0.18674321977901245, 0.11162890900974859, -0.18555018181555688, -0.0621249924600682, -0.014440848740252728]
|
1,803.08935
|
Classifying Quantum Entanglement through Topological Links
|
We propose a new classification scheme for quantum entanglement based on
topological links. This is done by identifying a non-rigid ring to a particle,
attributing the act of cutting and removing a ring to the operation of tracing
out the particle, and associating linked rings to entangled particles. This
analogy naturally leads us to a classification of multipartite quantum
entanglement based on all possible distinct links for a given number of rings.
To determine all different possibilities, we develop a formalism which
associates any link to a polynomial, with each polynomial thereby defining a
distinct equivalence class. In order to demonstrate the use of this
classification scheme, we choose qubit quantum states as our example of
physical system. A possible procedure to obtain qubit states from the
polynomials is also introduced, providing an example state for each link class.
We apply the formalism for the quantum systems of three and four qubits, and
demonstrate the potential of these new tools in a context of qubit networks.
|
quant-ph
|
we propose a new classification scheme for quantum entanglement based on topological links this is done by identifying a nonrigid ring to a particle attributing the act of cutting and removing a ring to the operation of tracing out the particle and associating linked rings to entangled particles this analogy naturally leads us to a classification of multipartite quantum entanglement based on all possible distinct links for a given number of rings to determine all different possibilities we develop a formalism which associates any link to a polynomial with each polynomial thereby defining a distinct equivalence class in order to demonstrate the use of this classification scheme we choose qubit quantum states as our example of physical system a possible procedure to obtain qubit states from the polynomials is also introduced providing an example state for each link class we apply the formalism for the quantum systems of three and four qubits and demonstrate the potential of these new tools in a context of qubit networks
|
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|
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|
1,803.08936
|
Strong Quantum Darwinism and Strong Independence is equivalent to
Spectrum Broadcast Structure
|
How the objective everyday world emerges from the underlying quantum
behaviour of its microscopic constituents is an open question at the heart of
the foundations of quantum mechanics. Quantum Darwinism and spectrum broadcast
structure are two different frameworks providing key insight into this
question. Recent works, however, indicate these two frameworks can lead to
conflicting predictions on the objectivity of the state of a system interacting
with an environment. Here we provide a resolution to this issue by defining
strong quantum Darwinism and proving that it is equivalent to spectrum
broadcast structure when combined with strong independence of the
subenvironments. We further show that strong quantum Darwinism is sufficient
and necessary to signal state objectivity without the requirement of strong
independence. Our work unveils the deep connection between strong quantum
Darwinism and spectrum broadcast structure, thereby making fundamental progress
towards understanding and solving the emergence of classicality from the
quantum world. Together they provide us a sharper understanding of the
transition in terms of state structure, geometry, and quantum and classical
information.
|
quant-ph
|
how the objective everyday world emerges from the underlying quantum behaviour of its microscopic constituents is an open question at the heart of the foundations of quantum mechanics quantum darwinism and spectrum broadcast structure are two different frameworks providing key insight into this question recent works however indicate these two frameworks can lead to conflicting predictions on the objectivity of the state of a system interacting with an environment here we provide a resolution to this issue by defining strong quantum darwinism and proving that it is equivalent to spectrum broadcast structure when combined with strong independence of the subenvironments we further show that strong quantum darwinism is sufficient and necessary to signal state objectivity without the requirement of strong independence our work unveils the deep connection between strong quantum darwinism and spectrum broadcast structure thereby making fundamental progress towards understanding and solving the emergence of classicality from the quantum world together they provide us a sharper understanding of the transition in terms of state structure geometry and quantum and classical information
|
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|
[-0.13245160193832287, 0.10834732848415178, -0.1250172838538907, 0.07292632577496819, -0.08515222514654662, -0.1600133118945239, 0.054178009623916126, 0.3267088428540372, -0.28577954777202375, -0.3160732519991566, 0.0486971263795398, -0.24117768897274292, -0.1845623731544122, 0.16737021063995916, -0.06633212932532588, 0.06054753648505687, 0.06383209658764996, 0.03240770780174116, -0.025779278408113303, -0.22285259127898446, 0.3437344954338271, 0.08724308371943892, 0.3358608976935123, 0.10899759859907938, 0.08559980944440657, 0.019357872140041532, 0.009130906997936193, 0.00942842778546714, -0.10233987352127537, 0.17064266402523445, 0.26078903487731897, 0.18838250021948372, 0.2793792597299745, -0.46221849903854173, -0.23072998029136554, 0.056111982188371635, 0.10483159112938961, 0.134326275004897, -0.0313042436508451, -0.33667559109541567, 0.05778601367925402, -0.12555116737467173, -0.10933528808866043, -0.09362323565386929, -0.028591050371137815, -0.07542333571676187, -0.18756005755858496, 0.05398371621294944, 0.1336915917088126, 0.07034632917710168, -0.020208368996336927, -0.03078267715132232, 0.04537169148517383, 0.20779216369335826, -0.002761781374046709, 0.013651329506226533, 0.09595863860124874, -0.19088103137314752, -0.16216350193027146, 0.38862260733866455, -0.000236452670854538, -0.1302881433836964, 0.22960440034783164, -0.12006860162973469, -0.13715248001227698, 0.07409685525534199, 0.12951647092285024, 0.02552103760603512, -0.12511896385940205, 0.09459761098645855, -0.022588030020922942, 0.18361771095822954, 0.010483167075340874, 0.14597101343340826, 0.26075010240987634, 0.15955180352483334, 0.04792891788231426, 0.12813697541998917, 0.011690042778947066, -0.21210801676403038, -0.30558421196372704, -0.18553083949704752, -0.15706918022573688, 0.12472774629578601, -0.0733131839932507, -0.12735405245858114, 0.3738661541327358, 0.17820633610752465, 0.19303195528025457, 0.013512431041521649, 0.2947676290519709, 0.08757653558893443, 0.0008765507630224145, 0.051651117237566345, 0.24102631811767297, 0.19037954475822708, 0.09111477536972352, -0.224031871276756, 0.09253120976892776, 0.01778356278271869]
|
1,803.08937
|
A New Desalination Pump Help Define the pH of Ocean Worlds
|
We study ocean exoplanets, for which the global surface ocean is separated
from the rocky interior by a high-pressure ice mantle. We describe a mechanism
that can pump salts out of the ocean, resulting in oceans of very low salinity.
Here we focus on the H2O-NaCl system, though we discuss the application of this
pump to other salts as well. We find our ocean worlds to be acidic, with a pH
in the range of 2-4. We discuss and compare between the conditions found within
our studied oceans and the conditions in which polyextremophiles were
discovered. This work focuses on exoplanets in the super-Earth mass range (2
M_Earth), with water composing at least a few percent of their mass. Although,
the principal of the desalination pump may extend beyond this mass range.
|
astro-ph.EP
|
we study ocean exoplanets for which the global surface ocean is separated from the rocky interior by a highpressure ice mantle we describe a mechanism that can pump salts out of the ocean resulting in oceans of very low salinity here we focus on the h2onacl system though we discuss the application of this pump to other salts as well we find our ocean worlds to be acidic with a ph in the range of 24 we discuss and compare between the conditions found within our studied oceans and the conditions in which polyextremophiles were discovered this work focuses on exoplanets in the superearth mass range 2 m_earth with water composing at least a few percent of their mass although the principal of the desalination pump may extend beyond this mass range
|
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|
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|
1,803.08938
|
A method of reconstruction for X-ray phase contrast imaging with
arbitrary Fresnel number
|
New lensless diffractive X-ray technic for micro-scale imaging of biological
tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes. By incorporating
refraction, this method yields improved contrast compared to purely
absorption-based radiography but involves a phase retrieval problem since of
physical limitation of detectors. A general method is proposed in this paper
for one step reconstruction of the ray integral of complex refractive index of
an optically weak object from intensity distribution of the hologram.
|
math.NA
|
new lensless diffractive xray technic for microscale imaging of biological tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes by incorporating refraction this method yields improved contrast compared to purely absorptionbased radiography but involves a phase retrieval problem since of physical limitation of detectors a general method is proposed in this paper for one step reconstruction of the ray integral of complex refractive index of an optically weak object from intensity distribution of the hologram
|
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|
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|
1,803.08939
|
Isocurvature initial conditions for second order Boltzmann solvers
|
We study how to set the initial evolution of general cosmological
fluctuations at second order, after neutrino decoupling. We compute approximate
initial solutions for the transfer functions of all the relevant cosmological
variables sourced by quadratic combinations of adiabatic and isocurvature
modes. We perform these calculations in synchronous gauge, assuming a Universe
described by the $\Lambda$CDM model and composed of neutrinos, photons, baryons
and dark matter. We highlight the importance of mixed modes, which are sourced
by two different isocurvature or adiabatic modes and do not exist at the linear
level. In particular, we investigate the so-called compensated isocurvature
mode and find non-trivial initial evolution when it is mixed with the adiabatic
mode, in contrast to the result at linear order and even at second order for
the unmixed mode. Non-trivial evolution also arises when this compensated
isocurvature is mixed with the neutrino density isocurvature mode. Regarding
the neutrino velocity isocurvature mode, we show it unavoidably generates
non-regular (decaying) modes at second order. Our results can be applied to
second order Boltzmann solvers to calculate the effects of isocurvatures on
non-linear observables.
|
astro-ph.CO gr-qc
|
we study how to set the initial evolution of general cosmological fluctuations at second order after neutrino decoupling we compute approximate initial solutions for the transfer functions of all the relevant cosmological variables sourced by quadratic combinations of adiabatic and isocurvature modes we perform these calculations in synchronous gauge assuming a universe described by the lambdacdm model and composed of neutrinos photons baryons and dark matter we highlight the importance of mixed modes which are sourced by two different isocurvature or adiabatic modes and do not exist at the linear level in particular we investigate the socalled compensated isocurvature mode and find nontrivial initial evolution when it is mixed with the adiabatic mode in contrast to the result at linear order and even at second order for the unmixed mode nontrivial evolution also arises when this compensated isocurvature is mixed with the neutrino density isocurvature mode regarding the neutrino velocity isocurvature mode we show it unavoidably generates nonregular decaying modes at second order our results can be applied to second order boltzmann solvers to calculate the effects of isocurvatures on nonlinear observables
|
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|
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|
1,803.0894
|
Status of the warm front end of PIP-II injector test
|
The Proton Improvement Plan II (PIP-II) at Fermilab is a program of upgrades
to the injection complex. At its core is the design and construction of a CW
compatible, pulsed H- SRF linac. To validate the concept of the front-end of
such machine, a test accelerator known as PIP-II Injector Test (PIP2IT) is
under construction. It includes a 10 mA DC, 30 keV H- ion source, a 2 m-long
Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 2.1 MeV CWRFQ, followed by a Medium Energy
Beam Transport (MEBT) that feeds the first of 2 cryomodules increasing the beam
energy to about 25 MeV, and a High Energy Beam Transport section (HEBT) that
takes the beam to a dump. The ion source, LEBT, RFQ, and initial version of the
MEBT have been built, installed, and commissioned. This report presents the
overall status of the warm front end.
|
physics.acc-ph
|
the proton improvement plan ii pipii at fermilab is a program of upgrades to the injection complex at its core is the design and construction of a cw compatible pulsed h srf linac to validate the concept of the frontend of such machine a test accelerator known as pipii injector test pip2it is under construction it includes a 10 ma dc 30 kev h ion source a 2 mlong low energy beam transport lebt a 21 mev cwrfq followed by a medium energy beam transport mebt that feeds the first of 2 cryomodules increasing the beam energy to about 25 mev and a high energy beam transport section hebt that takes the beam to a dump the ion source lebt rfq and initial version of the mebt have been built installed and commissioned this report presents the overall status of the warm front end
|
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|
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|
1,803.08941
|
Perturbative moduli stabilisation in type IIB/F-theory framework
|
We propose a new mechanism of (geometric) moduli stabilisation in type
IIB/F-theory four-dimensional compactifications on Calabi-Yau manifolds, in the
presence of 7-branes, that does not rely on non-perturbative effects. Complex
structure moduli and the axion-dilaton system are stabilised in the standard
way, without breaking supersymmetry, using 3-form internal fluxes. K\"ahler
class moduli stabilisation utilises perturbative string loop corrections,
together with internal magnetic fields along the D7-branes world-volume leading
to Fayet-Iliopoulos D-terms in the effective supergravity action. The main
ingredient that makes the stabilisation possible at a de Sitter vacuum is the
logarithmic dependence of the string loop corrections in the large
two-dimensional transverse volume limit of the 7-branes.
|
hep-th hep-ph
|
we propose a new mechanism of geometric moduli stabilisation in type iibftheory fourdimensional compactifications on calabiyau manifolds in the presence of 7branes that does not rely on nonperturbative effects complex structure moduli and the axiondilaton system are stabilised in the standard way without breaking supersymmetry using 3form internal fluxes kahler class moduli stabilisation utilises perturbative string loop corrections together with internal magnetic fields along the d7branes worldvolume leading to fayetiliopoulos dterms in the effective supergravity action the main ingredient that makes the stabilisation possible at a de sitter vacuum is the logarithmic dependence of the string loop corrections in the large twodimensional transverse volume limit of the 7branes
|
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|
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|
1,803.08942
|
Three-dimensional normal pseudomanifolds with relatively few edges
|
Let $\Delta$ be a $d$-dimensional normal pseudomanifold, $d \ge 3.$ A
relative lower bound for the number of edges in $\Delta$ is that $g_2$ of
$\Delta$ is at least $g_2$ of the link of any vertex. When this inequality is
sharp $\Delta$ has relatively minimal $g_2$. For example, whenever the
one-skeleton of $\Delta$ equals the one-skeleton of the star of a vertex, then
$\Delta$ has relatively minimal $g_2.$ Subdividing a facet in such an example
also gives a complex with relatively minimal $g_2.$ We prove that in dimension
three these are the only examples. As an application we determine the
combinatorial and topological type of $3$-dimensional $\Delta$ with relatively
minimal $g_2$ whenever $\Delta$ has two or fewer singularities. The topological
type of any such complex is a pseudocompression body, a pseudomanifold version
of a compression body.
Complete combinatorial descriptions of $\Delta$ with $g_2(\Delta) \le 2$ are
due to Kalai [12] $(g_2=0)$, Nevo and Novinsky [13] $(g_2=1)$ and Zheng [21]
$(g_2=2).$ In all three cases $\Delta$ is the boundary of a simplicial
polytope. Zheng observed that for all $d \ge 0$ there are triangulations of
$S^d \ast \mathbb{RP}^2$ with $g_2=3.$ She asked if this is the only
nonspherical topology possible for $g_2(\Delta)=3.$ As another application of
relatively minimal $g_2$ we give an affirmative answer when $\Delta$ is
$3$-dimensional.
|
math.GT math.CO
|
let delta be a ddimensional normal pseudomanifold d ge 3 a relative lower bound for the number of edges in delta is that g_2 of delta is at least g_2 of the link of any vertex when this inequality is sharp delta has relatively minimal g_2 for example whenever the oneskeleton of delta equals the oneskeleton of the star of a vertex then delta has relatively minimal g_2 subdividing a facet in such an example also gives a complex with relatively minimal g_2 we prove that in dimension three these are the only examples as an application we determine the combinatorial and topological type of 3dimensional delta with relatively minimal g_2 whenever delta has two or fewer singularities the topological type of any such complex is a pseudocompression body a pseudomanifold version of a compression body complete combinatorial descriptions of delta with g_2delta le 2 are due to kalai 12 g_20 nevo and novinsky 13 g_21 and zheng 21 g_22 in all three cases delta is the boundary of a simplicial polytope zheng observed that for all d ge 0 there are triangulations of sd ast mathbbrp2 with g_23 she asked if this is the only nonspherical topology possible for g_2delta3 as another application of relatively minimal g_2 we give an affirmative answer when delta is 3dimensional
|
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|
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|
1,803.08943
|
Image Inpainting using Block-wise Procedural Training with Annealed
Adversarial Counterpart
|
Recent advances in deep generative models have shown promising potential in
image inpanting, which refers to the task of predicting missing pixel values of
an incomplete image using the known context. However, existing methods can be
slow or generate unsatisfying results with easily detectable flaws. In
addition, there is often perceivable discontinuity near the holes and require
further post-processing to blend the results. We present a new approach to
address the difficulty of training a very deep generative model to synthesize
high-quality photo-realistic inpainting. Our model uses conditional generative
adversarial networks (conditional GANs) as the backbone, and we introduce a
novel block-wise procedural training scheme to stabilize the training while we
increase the network depth. We also propose a new strategy called adversarial
loss annealing to reduce the artifacts. We further describe several losses
specifically designed for inpainting and show their effectiveness. Extensive
experiments and user-study show that our approach outperforms existing methods
in several tasks such as inpainting, face completion and image harmonization.
Finally, we show our framework can be easily used as a tool for interactive
guided inpainting, demonstrating its practical value to solve common real-world
challenges.
|
cs.CV
|
recent advances in deep generative models have shown promising potential in image inpanting which refers to the task of predicting missing pixel values of an incomplete image using the known context however existing methods can be slow or generate unsatisfying results with easily detectable flaws in addition there is often perceivable discontinuity near the holes and require further postprocessing to blend the results we present a new approach to address the difficulty of training a very deep generative model to synthesize highquality photorealistic inpainting our model uses conditional generative adversarial networks conditional gans as the backbone and we introduce a novel blockwise procedural training scheme to stabilize the training while we increase the network depth we also propose a new strategy called adversarial loss annealing to reduce the artifacts we further describe several losses specifically designed for inpainting and show their effectiveness extensive experiments and userstudy show that our approach outperforms existing methods in several tasks such as inpainting face completion and image harmonization finally we show our framework can be easily used as a tool for interactive guided inpainting demonstrating its practical value to solve common realworld challenges
|
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|
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|
1,803.08944
|
Continuity of States on Non-Unital Differential Algebras in Loop Quantum
Cosmology
|
In a recent paper, Engle, Hanusch and Thiemann showed that there is a unique
state on the reduced holonomy-flux $\ast$-algebra of homogeneous isotropic loop
quantum cosmology, that is invariant under residual diffeomorphims. This result
has been claimed to be true both for the Ashtekar-Bojowald-Lewandowski
framework and for that introduced by the present author. Unfortunately, the
uniqueness proof relies on an incorrect argument which spoils the second case.
In our short note, we are going to patch this issue, this way keeping the nice
uniqueness result in both cases. Moreover, we will even extend the underlying
operator algebraic statements as this might help later for studying
higher-dimensional models.
|
math-ph math.MP
|
in a recent paper engle hanusch and thiemann showed that there is a unique state on the reduced holonomyflux astalgebra of homogeneous isotropic loop quantum cosmology that is invariant under residual diffeomorphims this result has been claimed to be true both for the ashtekarbojowaldlewandowski framework and for that introduced by the present author unfortunately the uniqueness proof relies on an incorrect argument which spoils the second case in our short note we are going to patch this issue this way keeping the nice uniqueness result in both cases moreover we will even extend the underlying operator algebraic statements as this might help later for studying higherdimensional models
|
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|
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|
1,803.08945
|
Artificial guide stars for adaptive optics using unmanned aerial
vehicles
|
Astronomical adaptive optics systems are used to increase effective telescope
resolution. However, they cannot be used to observe the whole sky since one or
more natural guide stars of sufficient brightness must be found within the
telescope field of view for the AO system to work. Even when laser guide stars
are used, natural guide stars are still required to provide a constant position
reference. Here, we introduce a technique to overcome this problem by using
rotary unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a platform from which to produce
artificial guide stars. We describe the concept, which relies on the UAV being
able to measure its precise relative position. We investigate the adaptive
optics performance improvements that can be achieved, which in the cases
presented here can improve the Strehl ratio by a factor of at least 2 for a 8~m
class telescope. We also discuss improvements to this technique, which is
relevant to both astronomical and solar adaptive optics systems.
|
astro-ph.IM
|
astronomical adaptive optics systems are used to increase effective telescope resolution however they cannot be used to observe the whole sky since one or more natural guide stars of sufficient brightness must be found within the telescope field of view for the ao system to work even when laser guide stars are used natural guide stars are still required to provide a constant position reference here we introduce a technique to overcome this problem by using rotary unmanned aerial vehicles uavs as a platform from which to produce artificial guide stars we describe the concept which relies on the uav being able to measure its precise relative position we investigate the adaptive optics performance improvements that can be achieved which in the cases presented here can improve the strehl ratio by a factor of at least 2 for a 8m class telescope we also discuss improvements to this technique which is relevant to both astronomical and solar adaptive optics systems
|
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|
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|
1,803.08946
|
Non-Markovian polaron dynamics in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
|
We study the dynamics of an impurity embedded in a trapped Bose-Einstein
condensate (Bose polaron), by recalling the quantum Brownian motion model. It
is crucial that the model considers a parabolic trapping potential to resemble
the experimental conditions. Thus, we detail here how the formal derivation
changes due to the gas trap, in comparison to the homogeneous gas. We first
find that the presence of a gas trap leads to a new form of the bath-impurity
coupling constant and a larger degree in the super-ohmicity of the spectral
density. This is manifested as a different dependence of the system dynamics on
the past history. To quantify this, we introduce several techniques to compare
the different amount of memory effects arising in the homogeneous and
inhomogeneous gas. We find that it is higher in the second case. Moreover, we
calculate the position variance of the impurity, represenitng a measurable
quantity. We show that the impurity experiences super-diffusion and genuine
position squeezing. Wdetail how both effects can be enhanced or inhibited by
tuning the Bose-Einstein condensate trap frequency.
|
cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mech quant-ph
|
we study the dynamics of an impurity embedded in a trapped boseeinstein condensate bose polaron by recalling the quantum brownian motion model it is crucial that the model considers a parabolic trapping potential to resemble the experimental conditions thus we detail here how the formal derivation changes due to the gas trap in comparison to the homogeneous gas we first find that the presence of a gas trap leads to a new form of the bathimpurity coupling constant and a larger degree in the superohmicity of the spectral density this is manifested as a different dependence of the system dynamics on the past history to quantify this we introduce several techniques to compare the different amount of memory effects arising in the homogeneous and inhomogeneous gas we find that it is higher in the second case moreover we calculate the position variance of the impurity represenitng a measurable quantity we show that the impurity experiences superdiffusion and genuine position squeezing wdetail how both effects can be enhanced or inhibited by tuning the boseeinstein condensate trap frequency
|
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|
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|
1,803.08947
|
Sequential Event Detection Using Multimodal Data in Nonstationary
Environments
|
The problem of sequential detection of anomalies in multimodal data is
considered. The objective is to observe physical sensor data from CCTV cameras,
and social media data from Twitter and Instagram to detect anomalous behaviors
or events. Data from each modality is transformed to discrete time count data
by using an artificial neural network to obtain counts of objects in CCTV
images and by counting the number of tweets or Instagram posts in a
geographical area. The anomaly detection problem is then formulated as a
problem of quickest detection of changes in count statistics. The quickest
detection problem is then solved using the framework of partially observable
Markov decision processes (POMDP), and structural results on the optimal policy
are obtained. The resulting optimal policy is then applied to real multimodal
data collected from New York City around a 5K race to detect the race. The
count data both before and after the change is found to be nonstationary in
nature. The proposed mathematical approach to this problem provides a framework
for event detection in such nonstationary environments and across multiple data
modalities.
|
stat.AP cs.IT math.IT
|
the problem of sequential detection of anomalies in multimodal data is considered the objective is to observe physical sensor data from cctv cameras and social media data from twitter and instagram to detect anomalous behaviors or events data from each modality is transformed to discrete time count data by using an artificial neural network to obtain counts of objects in cctv images and by counting the number of tweets or instagram posts in a geographical area the anomaly detection problem is then formulated as a problem of quickest detection of changes in count statistics the quickest detection problem is then solved using the framework of partially observable markov decision processes pomdp and structural results on the optimal policy are obtained the resulting optimal policy is then applied to real multimodal data collected from new york city around a 5k race to detect the race the count data both before and after the change is found to be nonstationary in nature the proposed mathematical approach to this problem provides a framework for event detection in such nonstationary environments and across multiple data modalities
|
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|
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|
1,803.08948
|
A Novel Approach to Resonant Absorption of the Fast MHD Eigenmodes of a
Coronal Arcade
|
The arched field lines forming coronal arcades are often observed to undulate
as magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves propagate both across and along the magnetic
field. These waves are most likely a combination of resonantly coupled fast
magnetoacoustic waves and Alfv\'en waves. The coupling results in resonant
absorption of the fast waves, converting fast wave energy into Alfv\'en waves.
The fast eigenmodes of the arcade have proven difficult to compute or derive
analytically, largely because of the mathematical complexity that the coupling
introduces. When a traditional spectral decomposition is employed, the discrete
spectrum associated with the fast eigenmodes is often subsumed into the
continuous Alfv\'en spectrum. Thus fast eigenmodes, become collective modes or
quasi-modes. Here we present a spectral decomposition that treats the
eigenmodes as having real frequencies but complex wavenumbers. Using this
procedure we derive dispersion relations, spatial damping rates, and
eigenfunctions for the resonant, fast eigenmodes of the arcade. We demonstrate
that resonant absorption introduces a fast mode that would not exist otherwise.
This new mode is heavily damped by resonant absorption, only travelling a few
wavelengths before losing most of its energy.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
the arched field lines forming coronal arcades are often observed to undulate as magnetohydrodynamic mhd waves propagate both across and along the magnetic field these waves are most likely a combination of resonantly coupled fast magnetoacoustic waves and alfven waves the coupling results in resonant absorption of the fast waves converting fast wave energy into alfven waves the fast eigenmodes of the arcade have proven difficult to compute or derive analytically largely because of the mathematical complexity that the coupling introduces when a traditional spectral decomposition is employed the discrete spectrum associated with the fast eigenmodes is often subsumed into the continuous alfven spectrum thus fast eigenmodes become collective modes or quasimodes here we present a spectral decomposition that treats the eigenmodes as having real frequencies but complex wavenumbers using this procedure we derive dispersion relations spatial damping rates and eigenfunctions for the resonant fast eigenmodes of the arcade we demonstrate that resonant absorption introduces a fast mode that would not exist otherwise this new mode is heavily damped by resonant absorption only travelling a few wavelengths before losing most of its energy
|
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|
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|
1,803.08949
|
Deep Convolutional Compressed Sensing for LiDAR Depth Completion
|
In this paper we consider the problem of estimating a dense depth map from a
set of sparse LiDAR points. We use techniques from compressed sensing and the
recently developed Alternating Direction Neural Networks (ADNNs) to create a
deep recurrent auto-encoder for this task. Our architecture internally performs
an algorithm for extracting multi-level convolutional sparse codes from the
input which are then used to make a prediction. Our results demonstrate that
with only two layers and 1800 parameters we are able to out perform all
previously published results, including deep networks with orders of magnitude
more parameters.
|
cs.CV
|
in this paper we consider the problem of estimating a dense depth map from a set of sparse lidar points we use techniques from compressed sensing and the recently developed alternating direction neural networks adnns to create a deep recurrent autoencoder for this task our architecture internally performs an algorithm for extracting multilevel convolutional sparse codes from the input which are then used to make a prediction our results demonstrate that with only two layers and 1800 parameters we are able to out perform all previously published results including deep networks with orders of magnitude more parameters
|
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|
[-0.037623865388013655, 0.03198375335235445, -0.048427225379176285, 0.02107348887511762, -0.0711059474706417, -0.15745394118130207, 0.03934327692574394, 0.469191958118851, -0.3209141868477066, -0.301421073449698, 0.08771032337851163, -0.26647185350884683, -0.24263870228120746, 0.2167239371095396, -0.07600585851469077, 0.11478449100104626, 0.14774408368369527, 0.025707333523314446, -0.08760148258443223, -0.28552413879636634, 0.29375231600230717, 0.03464653163913075, 0.2855093106239413, -0.052239883108995855, 0.13251044327383474, -0.017632719172979705, -0.054553463925306765, 0.006299412527975316, -0.08558509989757113, 0.2136005937536538, 0.2860618048386338, 0.16275618526075655, 0.2708562559079534, -0.44664244516510127, -0.2690045914981359, 0.08889149436921191, 0.13094645082795373, 0.14828038264992452, -0.026979695164754958, -0.29379404345915344, 0.12154844243680903, -0.1701859500996458, -0.008797025317714239, -0.12858734210021794, -0.044095414077067595, -0.0012276104195431496, -0.34264120222845423, 0.008616531475126976, 0.04353868268905595, 0.03611224761455863, -0.03801617170635533, -0.14292717466014437, 0.059508257698325906, 0.15255326709787673, -0.028395293034312392, 0.08371580369324268, 0.08476772130234167, -0.14951845383135756, -0.1269308667300114, 0.32195044328303385, -0.05731944930327396, -0.18466642649339823, 0.19125572684424696, -0.008339493802244155, -0.1676673203134366, 0.10661555700547372, 0.22557934982857356, 0.13473987507071192, -0.16879984362458345, -0.015592797219142085, -0.10068417867296375, 0.19819706485335095, 0.04237046428897884, -0.015127927748835646, 0.15495985548962685, 0.23425787426882985, 0.06339823233914406, 0.1710516559202612, -0.18153872679977212, -0.03221081867620038, -0.17858962272293866, -0.057797298058479406, -0.17397138687980865, -0.020612712357736502, -0.08046446068783553, -0.156261334894225, 0.4252990253056244, 0.2620323235654117, 0.2657098440686241, 0.1185036940939123, 0.3724985203783338, 0.025265642763315554, 0.11638600084309776, 0.14584929653149933, 0.20252369397712755, 0.11127882158810583, 0.09655440518205675, -0.09664825506236714, 0.026246282199281268, 0.08760025687661255]
|
1,803.0895
|
Asynchronous Gradient-Push
|
We consider a multi-agent framework for distributed optimization where each
agent has access to a local smooth strongly convex function, and the collective
goal is to achieve consensus on the parameters that minimize the sum of the
agents' local functions. We propose an algorithm wherein each agent operates
asynchronously and independently of the other agents. When the local functions
are strongly-convex with Lipschitz-continuous gradients, we show that the
iterates at each agent converge to a neighborhood of the global minimum, where
the neighborhood size depends on the degree of asynchrony in the multi-agent
network. When the agents work at the same rate, convergence to the global
minimizer is achieved. Numerical experiments demonstrate that Asynchronous
Gradient-Push can minimize the global objective faster than state-of-the-art
synchronous first-order methods, is more robust to failing or stalling agents,
and scales better with the network size.
|
cs.MA cs.SY math.OC
|
we consider a multiagent framework for distributed optimization where each agent has access to a local smooth strongly convex function and the collective goal is to achieve consensus on the parameters that minimize the sum of the agents local functions we propose an algorithm wherein each agent operates asynchronously and independently of the other agents when the local functions are stronglyconvex with lipschitzcontinuous gradients we show that the iterates at each agent converge to a neighborhood of the global minimum where the neighborhood size depends on the degree of asynchrony in the multiagent network when the agents work at the same rate convergence to the global minimizer is achieved numerical experiments demonstrate that asynchronous gradientpush can minimize the global objective faster than stateoftheart synchronous firstorder methods is more robust to failing or stalling agents and scales better with the network size
|
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|
[-0.13358152373278115, 0.022469354702895673, -0.06576118228424872, 0.014571195081641366, -0.0722171732291047, -0.15822767717098551, 0.06156748078896531, 0.4148317045449013, -0.33786223228422124, -0.26066049221636994, 0.06584957102563099, -0.2519523877916591, -0.14336679192326432, 0.09625405428232625, -0.11163854929618537, 0.06633650321579937, 0.052063095632807484, 0.10329655262175948, -0.04043831763223612, -0.3291675803334718, 0.28263408565211906, 0.040264491896544186, 0.2708325679214405, -0.024901662337859825, 0.15784609635011293, 0.014916124412723417, 0.0551649106716338, 0.03693124229321256, -0.08730917587521876, 0.09655825504367906, 0.25857983083863345, 0.18101939841040543, 0.4024810779573662, -0.46285742380922396, -0.1611008491699717, 0.18002168718459352, 0.13191650792806675, 0.07553490908966133, 0.03360478690540601, -0.25400594906947976, 0.15516064666444435, -0.11581099897749872, -0.07136336165214223, -0.058234808188197866, -0.029997594521514008, 0.12113948751024768, -0.3672680899899985, 0.021450028417166322, 0.0476125428020688, 0.038008525802953434, -0.08951485944812053, -0.08509526480587998, -0.020821809795285973, 0.14360867451219486, 0.039798293393271574, 0.08550613613000937, 0.1941971911915711, -0.12348881404447769, -0.13214173941939536, 0.3414709001779556, -0.04667334050557526, -0.22462339799822076, 0.21708185723317522, -0.10099848711730114, -0.1169502388320065, 0.09902947841245414, 0.2317169717912163, 0.16429334546306304, -0.1385705289607618, 0.04458379768475425, -0.057852992229163645, 0.20218089005377676, -0.0045393446576781574, 0.01611430324680571, 0.13107201197750068, 0.20042437494599394, 0.2551894105239106, 0.10573701775740899, -0.021120228090772537, -0.17812106115078288, -0.26189999049196816, -0.09115307772132968, -0.2069027495138081, -0.03154419504904321, -0.13635999005522795, -0.11354955420164126, 0.40875774369175943, 0.14304177139420063, 0.20767176164580242, 0.1593176557316578, 0.3531850691884756, 0.11677191223550056, 0.060930801362597514, 0.17784375094342977, 0.22718157100524486, 0.004350499657448381, 0.04724215499923697, -0.2684475508834501, 0.15581631198126292, 0.06271735814433278]
|
1,803.08951
|
Contract theory in a VUCA world
|
In this paper we investigate a Principal-Agent problem with moral hazard
under Knightian uncertainty. We extend the seminal framework of Holmstr\"om and
Milgrom by combining a Stackelberg equilibrium with a worst-case approach. We
investigate a general model in the spirit of Cvitani\'c, Possama\"i and Touzi
(2018). We show that optimal contracts depend on the output and its quadratic
variation, as an extension of the works of Mastrolia and Possama\"i (2016) (by
dropping all the restrictive assumptions) and Sung (2015) (by considering a
general class of admissible contracts). We characterize the best reaction
effort of the agent through the solution to a second order BSDE and we show
that the value of the problem of the Principal is the viscosity solution of an
Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equation, without needing a dynamic programming
principle, by using stochastic Perron's method.
|
math.OC math.PR
|
in this paper we investigate a principalagent problem with moral hazard under knightian uncertainty we extend the seminal framework of holmstrom and milgrom by combining a stackelberg equilibrium with a worstcase approach we investigate a general model in the spirit of cvitanic possamai and touzi 2018 we show that optimal contracts depend on the output and its quadratic variation as an extension of the works of mastrolia and possamai 2016 by dropping all the restrictive assumptions and sung 2015 by considering a general class of admissible contracts we characterize the best reaction effort of the agent through the solution to a second order bsde and we show that the value of the problem of the principal is the viscosity solution of an hamiltonjacobibellmanisaacs equation without needing a dynamic programming principle by using stochastic perrons method
|
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|
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|
1,803.08952
|
Knots in Physics
|
After Dirac introduced the monopole, topological objects have played
increasingly important roles in physics. In this review we discuss the role of
the knot, the most sophisticated topological object in physics, and related
topological objects in various areas in physics. In particular, we discuss how
the knots appear in Maxwell's theory, Skyrme theory, and multi-component
condensed matter physics.
|
hep-th math-ph math.MP
|
after dirac introduced the monopole topological objects have played increasingly important roles in physics in this review we discuss the role of the knot the most sophisticated topological object in physics and related topological objects in various areas in physics in particular we discuss how the knots appear in maxwells theory skyrme theory and multicomponent condensed matter physics
|
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|
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|
1,803.08953
|
A spectroscopic survey of the small near-Earth asteroid population:
peculiar taxonomic distribution and phase reddening
|
We present the results of the first-ever visible spectroscopic survey fully
dedicated to the small (absolute magnitude H>20) near-Earth asteroid (NEA)
population. Observations have been performed at the New Technology Telescope
(NTT) of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), during a 30-night Guaranteed
Time Observations programme, in the framework of the European Commission
financed NEOShield-2 project. The visible spectra of 147 objects have been
obtained and taxonomically classified. They show a peculiar taxonomic
distribution, with respect to larger NEAs. In particular, olivine-rich A-types
and organic-rich D-types are more abundant than what could be expected by
extrapolating the taxonomic distribution of larger NEAs. Such results have
implications for the investigation of the first phases of solar system history,
including the delivery of prebiotic material on the early Earth. Having been
obtained over a large range of solar phase angles, our data allowed us to
evidence peculiar phase reddening behaviours for asteroids belonging to
different taxonomic types. Low-albedo asteroids display no or limited phase
reddening, compared to moderate- and high-albedo objects. This result suggests
a promising novel way to distinguish primitive asteroids in the X-complex. In
agreement with previous laboratory experiments, olivine-rich surfaces are the
most affected by phase reddening.
|
astro-ph.EP
|
we present the results of the firstever visible spectroscopic survey fully dedicated to the small absolute magnitude h20 nearearth asteroid nea population observations have been performed at the new technology telescope ntt of the european southern observatory eso during a 30night guaranteed time observations programme in the framework of the european commission financed neoshield2 project the visible spectra of 147 objects have been obtained and taxonomically classified they show a peculiar taxonomic distribution with respect to larger neas in particular olivinerich atypes and organicrich dtypes are more abundant than what could be expected by extrapolating the taxonomic distribution of larger neas such results have implications for the investigation of the first phases of solar system history including the delivery of prebiotic material on the early earth having been obtained over a large range of solar phase angles our data allowed us to evidence peculiar phase reddening behaviours for asteroids belonging to different taxonomic types lowalbedo asteroids display no or limited phase reddening compared to moderate and highalbedo objects this result suggests a promising novel way to distinguish primitive asteroids in the xcomplex in agreement with previous laboratory experiments olivinerich surfaces are the most affected by phase reddening
|
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|
[-0.06915576883699172, 0.1518092144973194, -0.11073346162835757, 0.0625308209627222, -0.08791297132817981, -0.06933742811760077, 0.0531903514602723, 0.36748772562505344, -0.16599314798666642, -0.40371367616059545, 0.09768601285341458, -0.3052169085169832, -0.07334209054809972, 0.2260320494727542, -0.1306600934856434, 0.02627037707341235, 0.12461501599755138, -0.08690604406613439, 0.004178589027828704, -0.2536713025681913, 0.23478425167835293, 0.10214888789834312, 0.19824673381144514, -0.05664249748612444, 0.05951964310071885, -0.10985427193869, -0.07872102501658866, -0.016775738531484816, -0.14398809294276035, 0.0993442346318028, 0.28722469837118225, 0.10517046165246612, 0.19911619630487015, -0.355489684201968, -0.21236695989679832, 0.09868279830791438, 0.10879400017766808, 0.03380664154314078, -0.04647868216815345, -0.33296677161676763, 0.0645256367756818, -0.2043952504817683, -0.18992273325222928, 0.014140353007958486, 0.06829665605551921, 0.022574834869458126, -0.19724742849118626, 0.036858564869572334, -0.021559463515400123, 0.18337318141622325, -0.15989318195228966, -0.20647112244489388, -0.06462581505318388, 0.17138312957727184, 0.03883362570658135, -0.0017549514794387878, 0.09716911156100627, -0.06615935403567094, -0.047398967126336615, 0.4266048262325617, -0.04356076656758654, 0.0210218174299464, 0.21811730236991142, -0.22439360705641612, -0.1757390001645455, 0.1809877461497075, 0.18894303558985345, 0.1545753714771798, -0.1832919048002133, 0.00983764804714622, -0.024332774478273513, 0.18980986766684324, 0.06035046783180382, 0.08252228491440361, 0.2706970174295398, 0.16241621322189578, 0.026835170984029388, 0.08371225891288561, -0.19339364789402447, -0.07077216794982982, -0.19798372552539104, -0.14320866217544206, -0.13446800358808383, 0.02351515155094556, -0.0918451209072746, -0.0908827093955225, 0.35632818812826794, 0.15213026398589882, 0.1682588358493283, 0.012164639032039886, 0.24795404042188937, -0.01906069174874574, 0.1379065521598722, 0.030934287040518264, 0.33079730191100865, 0.05218245315508027, 0.11783530515296241, -0.16480753707389037, 0.15211608483670996, -0.011040500202813209]
|
1,803.08954
|
Acoustic Phonon Dispersion Engineering in Bulk Crystals via
Incorporation of Dopant Atoms
|
We report results of Brillouin - Mandelstam spectroscopy of transparent
alumina crystals with Nd dopants. The ionic radius and atomic mass of Nd atoms
are distinctively different from those of the host Al atoms. Our results show
that even a small concentration of Nd atoms incorporated into the alumina
samples produces a profound change in the acoustic phonon spectrum. The
velocity of the transverse acoustic phonons decreases by ~600 m/s at the Nd
density of only ~0.1 %. Interestingly, the decrease in the phonon frequency and
velocity with the doping concentration is non-monotonic. The obtained results,
demonstrating that modification of the acoustic phonon spectrum can be achieved
not only by nanostructuring but also by doping have important implications for
thermal management as well as thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices.
|
cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall
|
we report results of brillouin mandelstam spectroscopy of transparent alumina crystals with nd dopants the ionic radius and atomic mass of nd atoms are distinctively different from those of the host al atoms our results show that even a small concentration of nd atoms incorporated into the alumina samples produces a profound change in the acoustic phonon spectrum the velocity of the transverse acoustic phonons decreases by 600 ms at the nd density of only 01 interestingly the decrease in the phonon frequency and velocity with the doping concentration is nonmonotonic the obtained results demonstrating that modification of the acoustic phonon spectrum can be achieved not only by nanostructuring but also by doping have important implications for thermal management as well as thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices
|
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|
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|
1,803.08955
|
Familiar Strangers: the Collective Regularity in Human Behaviors
|
The social phenomenon of familiar strangers was identified by Stanley Milgram
in 1972 with a small-scale experiment. However, there has been limited research
focusing on uncovering the phenomenon at a societal scale and simultaneously
investigating the social relationships between familiar strangers. With the
help of the large-scale mobile phone records, we empirically show the existence
of the relationship in the country of Andorra. Built upon the temporal and
spatial distributions, we investigate the mechanisms, especially collective
temporal regularity and spatial structure that trigger this phenomenon.
Moreover, we explore the relationship between social distances on the
communication network and the number of encounters and show that larger number
of encounters indicates shorter social distances in a social network. The
understanding of the physical encounter network could have important
implications to understand the phenomena such as epidemics spreading and
information diffusion.
|
cs.SI
|
the social phenomenon of familiar strangers was identified by stanley milgram in 1972 with a smallscale experiment however there has been limited research focusing on uncovering the phenomenon at a societal scale and simultaneously investigating the social relationships between familiar strangers with the help of the largescale mobile phone records we empirically show the existence of the relationship in the country of andorra built upon the temporal and spatial distributions we investigate the mechanisms especially collective temporal regularity and spatial structure that trigger this phenomenon moreover we explore the relationship between social distances on the communication network and the number of encounters and show that larger number of encounters indicates shorter social distances in a social network the understanding of the physical encounter network could have important implications to understand the phenomena such as epidemics spreading and information diffusion
|
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|
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|
1,803.08956
|
Phase diagram of Kob-Andersen type binary Lennard-Jones mixtures
|
The binary Kob-Andersen (KA) Lennard-Jones mixture is the standard model for
computational studies of viscous liquids and the glass transition. For very
long simulations the viscous KA system crystallizes, however, by phase
separating into a pure A particle phase forming an FCC crystal. We present the
thermodynamic phase diagram for KA-type mixtures consisting of up to 50\% small
(B) particles showing, in particular, that the melting temperature of the
standard KA system at liquid density $1.2$ is $1.028(3)$ in A particle
Lennard-Jones units. At large B particle concentrations the system crystallizes
into the CsCl crystal structure. The eutectic corresponding to the FCC and CsCl
structures is cut-off in a narrow interval of B particle concentrations around
26\% at which the bipyramidal orthorhombic ${\rm PuBr_3}$ structure is the
thermodynamically stable phase. The melting temperature's variation with B
particle concentration at two other pressures, as well as at the constant
density $1.2$, is estimated from the simulations at pressure $10.19$ using
isomorph theory. Our data demonstrate approximate identity between the melting
temperature and the onset temperature below which viscous dynamics appears.
Finally, the nature of the solid-liquid interface is briefly discussed.
|
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech
|
the binary kobandersen ka lennardjones mixture is the standard model for computational studies of viscous liquids and the glass transition for very long simulations the viscous ka system crystallizes however by phase separating into a pure a particle phase forming an fcc crystal we present the thermodynamic phase diagram for katype mixtures consisting of up to 50 small b particles showing in particular that the melting temperature of the standard ka system at liquid density 12 is 10283 in a particle lennardjones units at large b particle concentrations the system crystallizes into the cscl crystal structure the eutectic corresponding to the fcc and cscl structures is cutoff in a narrow interval of b particle concentrations around 26 at which the bipyramidal orthorhombic rm pubr_3 structure is the thermodynamically stable phase the melting temperatures variation with b particle concentration at two other pressures as well as at the constant density 12 is estimated from the simulations at pressure 1019 using isomorph theory our data demonstrate approximate identity between the melting temperature and the onset temperature below which viscous dynamics appears finally the nature of the solidliquid interface is briefly discussed
|
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|
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|
1,803.08957
|
Simulation of beam-induced plasma in gas-filled rf cavities
|
Processes occurring in a radio-frequency (rf) cavity, filled with high
pressure gas and interacting with proton beams, have been studied via advanced
numerical simulations. Simulations support the experimental program on the
hydrogen gas-filled rf cavity in the Mucool Test Area (MTA) at Fermilab, and
broader research on the design of muon cooling devices. SPACE, a 3D
electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EM-PIC) code with atomic physics support, was
used in simulation studies. Plasma dynamics in the rf cavity, including the
process of neutral gas ionization by proton beams, plasma loading of the rf
cavity, and atomic processes in plasma such as electron-ion and ion-ion
recombination and electron attachment to dopant molecules, have been studied.
Through comparison with experiments in the MTA, simulations quantified several
uncertain values of plasma properties such as effective recombination rates and
the attachment time of electrons to dopant molecules. Simulations have achieved
very good agreement with experiments on plasma loading and related processes.
The experimentally validated code SPACE is capable of predictive simulations of
muon cooling devices.
|
physics.acc-ph
|
processes occurring in a radiofrequency rf cavity filled with high pressure gas and interacting with proton beams have been studied via advanced numerical simulations simulations support the experimental program on the hydrogen gasfilled rf cavity in the mucool test area mta at fermilab and broader research on the design of muon cooling devices space a 3d electromagnetic particleincell empic code with atomic physics support was used in simulation studies plasma dynamics in the rf cavity including the process of neutral gas ionization by proton beams plasma loading of the rf cavity and atomic processes in plasma such as electronion and ionion recombination and electron attachment to dopant molecules have been studied through comparison with experiments in the mta simulations quantified several uncertain values of plasma properties such as effective recombination rates and the attachment time of electrons to dopant molecules simulations have achieved very good agreement with experiments on plasma loading and related processes the experimentally validated code space is capable of predictive simulations of muon cooling devices
|
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|
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|
1,803.08958
|
A Curry-Howard Approach to Church's Synthesis
|
Church's synthesis problem asks whether there exists a finite-state stream
transducer satisfying a given input-output specification. For specifications
written in Monadic Second-Order Logic (MSO) over infinite words, Church's
synthesis can theoretically be solved algorithmically using automata and games.
We revisit Church's synthesis via the Curry-Howard correspondence by
introducing SMSO, an intuitionistic variant of MSO over infinite words, which
is shown to be sound and complete w.r.t. synthesis thanks to an automata-based
realizability model.
|
cs.LO
|
churchs synthesis problem asks whether there exists a finitestate stream transducer satisfying a given inputoutput specification for specifications written in monadic secondorder logic mso over infinite words churchs synthesis can theoretically be solved algorithmically using automata and games we revisit churchs synthesis via the curryhoward correspondence by introducing smso an intuitionistic variant of mso over infinite words which is shown to be sound and complete wrt synthesis thanks to an automatabased realizability model
|
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|
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|
1,803.08959
|
Enumerating two permutation classes by the number of cycles
|
We enumerate permutations in the two permutation classes $\text{Av}_n(312,
4321)$ and $\text{Av}_n(321, 4123)$ by the number of cycles each permutation
admits. We also refine this enumeration with respect to several statistics.
|
math.CO
|
we enumerate permutations in the two permutation classes textav_n312 4321 and textav_n321 4123 by the number of cycles each permutation admits we also refine this enumeration with respect to several statistics
|
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|
[-0.18294560244499608, 0.16067248040103707, -0.021111198199174272, 0.05199469020188754, -0.07941839959600876, -0.0909508815484828, 0.08275144597001631, 0.3865886136632541, -0.30223120036053247, -0.34909076589874216, 0.0903792316856762, -0.27234593252169675, -0.12166053939064772, 0.16110971871891927, -0.15289197830033713, 0.030384039570545328, 0.03764859631914517, 0.06102828015091604, -0.11092420625660954, -0.340702200244213, 0.27055810054699925, -0.06405779536299665, 0.19515887146879887, -0.09621438327052727, 0.03552894329587961, 0.023588200324568254, -0.08945749732184, 0.03031212152865041, -0.16534140423454088, 0.08261145209765126, 0.23569801096515408, 0.2078403122080811, 0.16307278144462356, -0.35423359165674656, -0.04162329252295453, 0.247504611467493, 0.16650728277605156, 0.0966951007601516, -0.007721496585371165, -0.21765193651462422, 0.131010123239509, -0.1793250336215414, -0.0785709229811769, -0.04686816463825004, 0.07238242640320597, 0.09457335505506088, -0.20957332123713246, -0.05991339090316364, 0.07065639877290433, 0.1064843974108326, 0.06632386420949779, -0.12272885236246832, 0.026896991799103803, 0.11826734304235413, 0.05663891232989986, -0.005975746477408142, -0.017670998542473233, -0.04221917938537382, -0.22887514929833083, 0.3286000855010131, 0.057172643534582235, -0.23834957092486578, 0.14689995863892394, -0.1454830315638462, -0.2996874254132653, 0.1495495536204042, 0.05783160711670744, 0.12150690075138519, -0.09363579008214433, 0.022249087400268763, -0.19927715635376758, 0.09139468923917618, 0.21183537322514015, -0.028533896945160012, 0.16176109059296293, 0.06576780030696557, 0.10200794371936855, 0.2583119474222948, -0.0843858980926974, -0.012476214239823407, -0.27100397893709355, -0.12310712871238075, -0.10323816101098883, 0.014204482515824252, -0.1633519526919278, -0.16596016698870167, 0.49824113835548534, 0.1853759877447938, 0.19157889028529412, 0.2002728963591929, 0.16723493024193006, 0.004472713853264677, 0.05088179160294862, 0.07735504466911843, 0.035532257206545306, 0.22240486658370956, -0.09788748294371984, -0.21708978378567204, 0.017569495766455757, 0.19355633626551497]
|
1,803.0896
|
Introduction to Cluster Algebras
|
These are notes for a series of lectures presented at the ASIDE conference
2016. The definition of a cluster algebra is motivated through several
examples, namely Markov triples, the Grassmannians $Gr_2(\mathbb{C})$, and the
appearance of double Bruhat cells in the theory of total positivity. Once the
definition of cluster algebras is introduced in several stages of increasing
generality, proofs of fundamental results are sketched in the rank 2 case. From
these foundations we build up the notion of Poisson structures compatible with
a cluster algebra structure and indicate how this leads to a quantization of
cluster algebras. Finally we give applications of these ideas to integrable
systems in the form of Zamolodchikov periodicity and the pentagram map.
|
math.CO math.DS
|
these are notes for a series of lectures presented at the aside conference 2016 the definition of a cluster algebra is motivated through several examples namely markov triples the grassmannians gr_2mathbbc and the appearance of double bruhat cells in the theory of total positivity once the definition of cluster algebras is introduced in several stages of increasing generality proofs of fundamental results are sketched in the rank 2 case from these foundations we build up the notion of poisson structures compatible with a cluster algebra structure and indicate how this leads to a quantization of cluster algebras finally we give applications of these ideas to integrable systems in the form of zamolodchikov periodicity and the pentagram map
|
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|
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|
1,803.08961
|
Cohen-Macaulay criteria for projective monomial curves via Gr\"obner
bases
|
We prove new characterizations based on Gr\"obner bases for the
Cohen-Macaulay property of a projective monomial curve.
|
math.AC math.AG
|
we prove new characterizations based on grobner bases for the cohenmacaulay property of a projective monomial curve
|
[['we', 'prove', 'new', 'characterizations', 'based', 'on', 'grobner', 'bases', 'for', 'the', 'cohenmacaulay', 'property', 'of', 'a', 'projective', 'monomial', 'curve']]
|
[-0.20785988450926893, -0.10951961100320606, -0.13817977072561488, 0.04673364999539712, -0.1340818247922203, -0.20909370961325133, -0.042356385685065216, 0.36135899932945476, -0.4576307294123313, 0.028940038645968717, 0.08540797318496249, -0.20588846444426215, -0.1008214147432762, 0.2915742843932308, -0.21142408081932978, 0.03689738582162296, 0.09839736482621554, 0.05204109091530828, -0.18349573142169154, -0.43218033136252093, 0.4569886563455357, -0.03199696847621132, 0.29358843122335043, 0.03320461018558811, 0.18207043913357399, 0.04207413564162219, -0.01030221943031339, 0.0007456308778594522, -0.2981000213390764, 0.19751114946077852, 0.3234754599192563, 0.24902721221887453, 0.14690396912834225, -0.41270846413338885, -0.02892164754516938, 0.33155595511198044, 0.10395265666439253, 0.005749980042524198, -0.04232035839574083, -0.1287388792809318, 0.05792893880211255, -0.133534711182994, -0.2371036261320114, -0.23397827416877537, 0.039260788656332916, 0.04623025672181564, -0.30666110730346513, -0.07541187932057415, 0.16091229284510894, 0.3774719958686653, -0.0006554030868060448, -0.11601435283527654, -0.08344862275921247, -0.19066242265569813, -0.2206316590309143, -0.05011213091475999, 0.01930268122540677, -0.05039541215142783, -0.21257266991853932, 0.2972896370817633, -0.03721149528727812, -0.20057218850535505, 0.022775285644456744, -0.17380523314589963, -0.17903706305386388, 0.07866479938521105, 0.011270180344581604, 0.21158629820189057, -0.004767726887674893, 0.16988269656020052, -0.17730090810972102, 0.04065756477853831, 0.13774092276306713, 0.09816708143197876, 0.11889144739903071, 0.08310071072157692, 0.09606635740355533, 0.1718139622141333, 0.03983623924774721, 0.02842601016163826, -0.34037735724054713, -0.29780145874246955, -0.15175529920002995, 0.17604223814080744, -0.1926642417743364, -0.21801651323981144, 0.5094261581406874, 0.07330439305480789, 0.12984695751219988, 0.17119796875425997, 0.22901656763518558, -0.09355004126315608, 0.020055527963182506, 0.06188948381253902, 0.19381911723929293, 0.255967233056093, -0.1088266328579801, -0.041051488041001206, 0.06894664080156122, 0.38828095171929283]
|
1,803.08962
|
Stochastic Dynamics of Einstein Matter-Radiation Model with Spikes
|
Motivated by the Einstein classical description of the matter-radiation
dynamics we revise a dynamical system producing spikes of the photon emission.
Then we study the corresponding stochastic model, which takes into account the
randomness of spontaneous and stimulated atomic transitions supporting by a
pumping. Our model reduces to Markovian density dependent processes for the
inversion coefficient and the photon specific value driven by small but fast
jumps. We analyse the model in three limits: the many-component, the
mean-field, and the one-component. In the last case it is a positive recurrent
Markov chain with sound spikes.
|
math.PR
|
motivated by the einstein classical description of the matterradiation dynamics we revise a dynamical system producing spikes of the photon emission then we study the corresponding stochastic model which takes into account the randomness of spontaneous and stimulated atomic transitions supporting by a pumping our model reduces to markovian density dependent processes for the inversion coefficient and the photon specific value driven by small but fast jumps we analyse the model in three limits the manycomponent the meanfield and the onecomponent in the last case it is a positive recurrent markov chain with sound spikes
|
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|
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|
1,803.08963
|
The Extended Distribution of Baryons Around Galaxies
|
We summarize and reanalyze observations bearing upon missing galactic
baryons, where we propose a consistent picture for halo gas in L >~ L*
galaxies. The hot X-ray emitting halos are detected to 50-70 kpc, where
typically, M_hot(<50 kpc) ~ 5E9 Msun, and with density n \propto r^-3/2. When
extrapolated to R200, the gas mass is comparable to the stellar mass, but about
half of the baryons are still missing from the hot phase. If extrapolated to
1.9-3 R200, the baryon to dark matter ratio approaches the cosmic value.
Significantly flatter density profiles are unlikely for R < 50 kpc and they are
disfavored but not ruled out for R > 50 kpc. For the Milky Way, the hot halo
metallicity lies in the range 0.3-1 solar for R < 50 kpc. Planck measurements
of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect toward stacked luminous galaxies
(primarily early-type) indicate that most of their baryons are hot, near the
virial temperature, and extend beyond R200. This stacked SZ signal is nearly an
order of magnitude larger than that inferred from the X-ray observations of
individual (mostly spiral) galaxies with M_* > 10^11.3 Msun. This difference
suggests that the hot halo properties are distinct for early and late type
galaxies, possibly due to different evolutionary histories. For the cooler gas
detected in UV absorption line studies, we argue that there are two absorption
populations: extended halos; and disks extending to ~50 kpc, containing most of
this gas, and with masses a few times lower than the stellar masses. Such
extended disks are also seen in 21 cm HI observations and in simulations.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
we summarize and reanalyze observations bearing upon missing galactic baryons where we propose a consistent picture for halo gas in l l galaxies the hot xray emitting halos are detected to 5070 kpc where typically m_hot50 kpc 5e9 msun and with density n propto r32 when extrapolated to r200 the gas mass is comparable to the stellar mass but about half of the baryons are still missing from the hot phase if extrapolated to 193 r200 the baryon to dark matter ratio approaches the cosmic value significantly flatter density profiles are unlikely for r 50 kpc and they are disfavored but not ruled out for r 50 kpc for the milky way the hot halo metallicity lies in the range 031 solar for r 50 kpc planck measurements of the thermal sunyaevzeldovich effect toward stacked luminous galaxies primarily earlytype indicate that most of their baryons are hot near the virial temperature and extend beyond r200 this stacked sz signal is nearly an order of magnitude larger than that inferred from the xray observations of individual mostly spiral galaxies with m_ 10113 msun this difference suggests that the hot halo properties are distinct for early and late type galaxies possibly due to different evolutionary histories for the cooler gas detected in uv absorption line studies we argue that there are two absorption populations extended halos and disks extending to 50 kpc containing most of this gas and with masses a few times lower than the stellar masses such extended disks are also seen in 21 cm hi observations and in simulations
|
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|
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|
1,803.08964
|
The local distribution of the number of small prime factors - variation
of the classical theme
|
We obtain uniform estimates for $N_k(x,y)$, the number of positive integers
$n$ up to $x$ for which $\omega_y(n)=k$, where $\omega_y(n)$ is the number of
distinct prime factors of $n$ which are $<y$. The motivation for this problem
is an observation due to the first author in 2015 that for certain ranges of
$y$, the asymptotic behavior of $N_k(x,y)$ is different from the classical
situation concerning $N_k(x,x)$ studied by Sathe and Selberg. We demonstrate
this variation of the classical theme; to estimate $N_k(x,y)$ we study the sum
$S_z(x,y)=\sum_{n\le x}z^{\omega_y(n)}$ for $Re(z)>0$ by the Buchstab-de Bruijn
method. We also utilize a certain recent result of Tenenbaum to complete our
asymptotic analysis.
|
math.NT
|
we obtain uniform estimates for n_kxy the number of positive integers n up to x for which omega_ynk where omega_yn is the number of distinct prime factors of n which are y the motivation for this problem is an observation due to the first author in 2015 that for certain ranges of y the asymptotic behavior of n_kxy is different from the classical situation concerning n_kxx studied by sathe and selberg we demonstrate this variation of the classical theme to estimate n_kxy we study the sum s_zxysum_nle xzomega_yn for rez0 by the buchstabde bruijn method we also utilize a certain recent result of tenenbaum to complete our asymptotic analysis
|
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|
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|
1,803.08965
|
Exotic Bilayer Crystals in a Strong Magnetic Field
|
Electron bilayers in a strong magnetic field exhibit insulating behavior for
a wide range of interlayer separation $d$ for total Landau level fillings
$\nu\leq 1/2$, which has been interpreted in terms of a pinned crystal. We
study theoretically the competition between many strongly correlated liquid and
crystal states and obtain the phase diagram as a function of quantum well width
and $d$ for several filling factors of interest. We predict that three crystal
structures can be realized: (a) At small $d$, the Triangular Ising
AntiFerromagnetic (TIAF) crystal is stabilized in which the particles overall
form a single-layer like triangular crystal while satisfying the condition that
no nearest-neighbor triangle has all three particles in the same layer. (b) At
intermediate $d$, a Correlated Square (CS) crystal is stabilized, in which
particles in each layer form a square lattice, with the particles in one layer
located directly across the centers of the squares of the other. (c) At large
$d$, we find a Bilayer Graphene (BG) crystal in which the A and B sites of the
graphene lattice lie in different layers. All crystals that we predict are
strongly correlated crystals of composite fermions; a theory incorporating only
electron Hartree-Fock crystals does not find any crystals besides the `trivial'
ones occurring at large interlayer separations for total filling factor
$\nu\leq1/3$ (when layers are uncorrelated and each layer is in the long
familiar single-layer crystal phase). The TIAF, CS and BG crystals come in
several varieties, with different flavors of composite fermions and different
interlayer correlations. The appearance of these exotic crystal phases adds to
the richness of the physics of electron bilayers in a strong magnetic field,
and also provides insight into experimentally observed bilayer insulator as
well as transitions within the insulating part of the phase diagram.
|
cond-mat.str-el
|
electron bilayers in a strong magnetic field exhibit insulating behavior for a wide range of interlayer separation d for total landau level fillings nuleq 12 which has been interpreted in terms of a pinned crystal we study theoretically the competition between many strongly correlated liquid and crystal states and obtain the phase diagram as a function of quantum well width and d for several filling factors of interest we predict that three crystal structures can be realized a at small d the triangular ising antiferromagnetic tiaf crystal is stabilized in which the particles overall form a singlelayer like triangular crystal while satisfying the condition that no nearestneighbor triangle has all three particles in the same layer b at intermediate d a correlated square cs crystal is stabilized in which particles in each layer form a square lattice with the particles in one layer located directly across the centers of the squares of the other c at large d we find a bilayer graphene bg crystal in which the a and b sites of the graphene lattice lie in different layers all crystals that we predict are strongly correlated crystals of composite fermions a theory incorporating only electron hartreefock crystals does not find any crystals besides the trivial ones occurring at large interlayer separations for total filling factor nuleq13 when layers are uncorrelated and each layer is in the long familiar singlelayer crystal phase the tiaf cs and bg crystals come in several varieties with different flavors of composite fermions and different interlayer correlations the appearance of these exotic crystal phases adds to the richness of the physics of electron bilayers in a strong magnetic field and also provides insight into experimentally observed bilayer insulator as well as transitions within the insulating part of the phase diagram
|
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|
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|
1,803.08966
|
Counterexamples for Robotic Planning Explained in Structured Language
|
Automated techniques such as model checking have been used to verify models
of robotic mission plans based on Markov decision processes (MDPs) and generate
counterexamples that may help diagnose requirement violations. However, such
artifacts may be too complex for humans to understand, because existing
representations of counterexamples typically include a large number of paths or
a complex automaton. To help improve the interpretability of counterexamples,
we define a notion of explainable counterexample, which includes a set of
structured natural language sentences to describe the robotic behavior that
lead to a requirement violation in an MDP model of robotic mission plan. We
propose an approach based on mixed-integer linear programming for generating
explainable counterexamples that are minimal, sound and complete. We
demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach via a case study of
warehouse robots planning.
|
cs.RO cs.CL cs.FL
|
automated techniques such as model checking have been used to verify models of robotic mission plans based on markov decision processes mdps and generate counterexamples that may help diagnose requirement violations however such artifacts may be too complex for humans to understand because existing representations of counterexamples typically include a large number of paths or a complex automaton to help improve the interpretability of counterexamples we define a notion of explainable counterexample which includes a set of structured natural language sentences to describe the robotic behavior that lead to a requirement violation in an mdp model of robotic mission plan we propose an approach based on mixedinteger linear programming for generating explainable counterexamples that are minimal sound and complete we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach via a case study of warehouse robots planning
|
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|
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