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1,803.09667
|
Spin subdiffusion in disordered Hubbard chain
|
We derive and study the effective spin model that explains the anomalous spin
dynamics in the one-dimensional Hubbard model with strong potential disorder.
Assuming that charges are localized, we show that spins are delocalized and
their subdiffusive transport originates from a singular random distribution of
spin exchange interactions. The exponent relevant for the subdiffusion is
determined by the Anderson localization length and the density of electrons.
While the analytical derivations are valid for low particle density, numerical
results for the full model reveal a qualitative agreement up to half-filling.
|
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.quant-gas
|
we derive and study the effective spin model that explains the anomalous spin dynamics in the onedimensional hubbard model with strong potential disorder assuming that charges are localized we show that spins are delocalized and their subdiffusive transport originates from a singular random distribution of spin exchange interactions the exponent relevant for the subdiffusion is determined by the anderson localization length and the density of electrons while the analytical derivations are valid for low particle density numerical results for the full model reveal a qualitative agreement up to halffilling
|
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|
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|
1,803.09668
|
Three-lobed near-infrared Stokes V profiles in the quiet Sun
|
We investigate a region of the quiet solar photosphere exhibiting three-lobed
Stokes V profiles in the Fe I spectral line at 15648 Angstroem. The data were
acquired with the GRIS spectropolarimeter attached to the GREGOR telescope. We
aim at investigating the thermal, kinematic and magnetic properties of the
atmosphere responsible for these measured complex signals.
The SIR inversion code is employed to retrieve the physical parameters of the
lower solar photosphere from the observed polarization signals. We follow two
different approaches. On the one hand, we consider that the multi-lobe circular
polarization signals are only produced by the line-of-sight variation of the
physical parameters. We therefore invert the data assuming a single atmospheric
component that occupies the entire resolution element in the horizontal plane
and where the physical parameters vary with optical depth (i.e.,
line-of-sight). On the other hand, we consider that the multi-lobe circular
polarization signals are produced not by the optical depth variations of the
physical parameters but instead by their horizontal variations. Here we invert
the data assuming that the resolution element is occupied by two different
atmospheric components where the kinematic and magnetic properties are constant
along the line-of-sight.
Both approaches reveal some common features about the topology responsible
for the observed three-lobed Stokes V signals: both a strong (>1000 Gauss) and
a very weak (< 10 Gauss) magnetic field with opposite polarities and harboring
flows directed in opposite directions must co-exist (either vertically or
horizontally interlaced) within the resolution element.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
we investigate a region of the quiet solar photosphere exhibiting threelobed stokes v profiles in the fe i spectral line at 15648 angstroem the data were acquired with the gris spectropolarimeter attached to the gregor telescope we aim at investigating the thermal kinematic and magnetic properties of the atmosphere responsible for these measured complex signals the sir inversion code is employed to retrieve the physical parameters of the lower solar photosphere from the observed polarization signals we follow two different approaches on the one hand we consider that the multilobe circular polarization signals are only produced by the lineofsight variation of the physical parameters we therefore invert the data assuming a single atmospheric component that occupies the entire resolution element in the horizontal plane and where the physical parameters vary with optical depth ie lineofsight on the other hand we consider that the multilobe circular polarization signals are produced not by the optical depth variations of the physical parameters but instead by their horizontal variations here we invert the data assuming that the resolution element is occupied by two different atmospheric components where the kinematic and magnetic properties are constant along the lineofsight both approaches reveal some common features about the topology responsible for the observed threelobed stokes v signals both a strong 1000 gauss and a very weak 10 gauss magnetic field with opposite polarities and harboring flows directed in opposite directions must coexist either vertically or horizontally interlaced within the resolution element
|
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|
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|
1,803.09669
|
A quantitative fourth moment theorem in free probability theory
|
A quantitative "fourth moment theorem" is provided for any self-adjoint
element in a homogeneous Wigner chaos: the Wasserstein distance is controlled
by the distance from the fourth moment to two. The proof uses the free
counterpart of the Stein discrepancy. On the way, the free analogue of the WSH
inequality is established.
|
math.PR math.OA
|
a quantitative fourth moment theorem is provided for any selfadjoint element in a homogeneous wigner chaos the wasserstein distance is controlled by the distance from the fourth moment to two the proof uses the free counterpart of the stein discrepancy on the way the free analogue of the wsh inequality is established
|
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|
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|
1,803.0967
|
A Quality Model for Actionable Analytics in Rapid Software Development
|
Background: Accessing relevant data on the product, process, and usage
perspectives of software as well as integrating and analyzing such data is
crucial for getting reliable and timely actionable insights aimed at
continuously managing software quality in Rapid Software Development (RSD). In
this context, several software analytics tools have been developed in recent
years. However, there is a lack of explainable software analytics that software
practitioners trust. Aims: We aimed at creating a quality model (called
Q-Rapids quality model) for actionable analytics in RSD, implementing it, and
evaluating its understandability and relevance. Method: We performed workshops
at four companies in order to determine relevant metrics as well as product and
process factors. We also elicited how these metrics and factors are used and
interpreted by practitioners when making decisions in RSD. We specified the
Q-Rapids quality model by comparing and integrating the results of the four
workshops. Then we implemented the Q-Rapids tool to support the usage of the
Q-Rapids quality model as well as the gathering, integration, and analysis of
the required data. Afterwards we installed the Q-Rapids tool in the four
companies and performed semi-structured interviews with eight product owners to
evaluate the understandability and relevance of the Q-Rapids quality model.
Results: The participants of the evaluation perceived the metrics as well as
the product and process factors of the Q-Rapids quality model as
understandable. Also, they considered the Q-Rapids quality model relevant for
identifying product and process deficiencies (e.g., blocking code situations).
Conclusions: By means of heterogeneous data sources, the Q-Rapids quality model
enables detecting problems that take more time to find manually and adds
transparency among the perspectives of system, process, and usage.
|
cs.SE
|
background accessing relevant data on the product process and usage perspectives of software as well as integrating and analyzing such data is crucial for getting reliable and timely actionable insights aimed at continuously managing software quality in rapid software development rsd in this context several software analytics tools have been developed in recent years however there is a lack of explainable software analytics that software practitioners trust aims we aimed at creating a quality model called qrapids quality model for actionable analytics in rsd implementing it and evaluating its understandability and relevance method we performed workshops at four companies in order to determine relevant metrics as well as product and process factors we also elicited how these metrics and factors are used and interpreted by practitioners when making decisions in rsd we specified the qrapids quality model by comparing and integrating the results of the four workshops then we implemented the qrapids tool to support the usage of the qrapids quality model as well as the gathering integration and analysis of the required data afterwards we installed the qrapids tool in the four companies and performed semistructured interviews with eight product owners to evaluate the understandability and relevance of the qrapids quality model results the participants of the evaluation perceived the metrics as well as the product and process factors of the qrapids quality model as understandable also they considered the qrapids quality model relevant for identifying product and process deficiencies eg blocking code situations conclusions by means of heterogeneous data sources the qrapids quality model enables detecting problems that take more time to find manually and adds transparency among the perspectives of system process and usage
|
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|
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|
1,803.09671
|
Noise-based logic gates by operations on the reference system
|
We propose a new, low-complexity solution to realize multi-input-bit gates
acting on exponentially large superpositions in noise-based logic processors.
Two examples are shown, the NOT gate and the CNOT gate. The operations can be
executed and repeated with polynomial time and hardware complexity. The lack of
a solution of this problem had been one of the major issues prohibiting the
efficient realization of Shor's algorithm by Instantaneous Noise-Based Logic,
which runs on a classical Turing computer with a true random number generator.
With the method described in this paper, we are one step closer to this goal.
|
cs.ET
|
we propose a new lowcomplexity solution to realize multiinputbit gates acting on exponentially large superpositions in noisebased logic processors two examples are shown the not gate and the cnot gate the operations can be executed and repeated with polynomial time and hardware complexity the lack of a solution of this problem had been one of the major issues prohibiting the efficient realization of shors algorithm by instantaneous noisebased logic which runs on a classical turing computer with a true random number generator with the method described in this paper we are one step closer to this goal
|
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|
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|
1,803.09672
|
On the Intrinsic Dimensionality of Image Representations
|
This paper addresses the following questions pertaining to the intrinsic
dimensionality of any given image representation: (i) estimate its intrinsic
dimensionality, (ii) develop a deep neural network based non-linear mapping,
dubbed DeepMDS, that transforms the ambient representation to the minimal
intrinsic space, and (iii) validate the veracity of the mapping through image
matching in the intrinsic space. Experiments on benchmark image datasets (LFW,
IJB-C and ImageNet-100) reveal that the intrinsic dimensionality of deep neural
network representations is significantly lower than the dimensionality of the
ambient features. For instance, SphereFace's 512-dim face representation and
ResNet's 512-dim image representation have an intrinsic dimensionality of 16
and 19 respectively. Further, the DeepMDS mapping is able to obtain a
representation of significantly lower dimensionality while maintaining
discriminative ability to a large extent, 59.75% TAR @ 0.1% FAR in 16-dim vs
71.26% TAR in 512-dim on IJB-C and a Top-1 accuracy of 77.0% at 19-dim vs 83.4%
at 512-dim on ImageNet-100.
|
cs.CV stat.ML
|
this paper addresses the following questions pertaining to the intrinsic dimensionality of any given image representation i estimate its intrinsic dimensionality ii develop a deep neural network based nonlinear mapping dubbed deepmds that transforms the ambient representation to the minimal intrinsic space and iii validate the veracity of the mapping through image matching in the intrinsic space experiments on benchmark image datasets lfw ijbc and imagenet100 reveal that the intrinsic dimensionality of deep neural network representations is significantly lower than the dimensionality of the ambient features for instance spherefaces 512dim face representation and resnets 512dim image representation have an intrinsic dimensionality of 16 and 19 respectively further the deepmds mapping is able to obtain a representation of significantly lower dimensionality while maintaining discriminative ability to a large extent 5975 tar 01 far in 16dim vs 7126 tar in 512dim on ijbc and a top1 accuracy of 770 at 19dim vs 834 at 512dim on imagenet100
|
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|
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|
1,803.09673
|
Some hadronic parameters of charmonia in $\boldsymbol{N_{\text{f}}=2}$
lattice QCD
|
The phenomenology of leptonic decays of quarkonia holds many interesting
features: for instance, it can establish constraints on scenarios beyond the
Standard Model with the Higgs sector enriched by a light CP-odd state. In the
following paper, we report on a two-flavor lattice QCD study of the $\eta_c$
and $J/\psi$ decay constants, $f_{\eta_c}$ and $f_{J\psi}$. We also examine
some properties of the first radial excitation $\eta_c(2S)$ and $\psi(2S)$.
|
hep-lat hep-ph
|
the phenomenology of leptonic decays of quarkonia holds many interesting features for instance it can establish constraints on scenarios beyond the standard model with the higgs sector enriched by a light cpodd state in the following paper we report on a twoflavor lattice qcd study of the eta_c and jpsi decay constants f_eta_c and f_jpsi we also examine some properties of the first radial excitation eta_c2s and psi2s
|
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|
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|
1,803.09674
|
Proprioception-Based Grasping for Unknown Objects Using a
Series-Elastic-Actuated Gripper
|
Grasping unknown objects has been an active research topic for decades.
Approaches range from using various sensors (e.g. vision, tactile) to gain
information about the object, to building passively compliant hands that react
appropriately to contacts. In this paper, we focus on grasping unknown objects
using proprioception (the combination of joint position and torque sensing).
Our hypothesis is that proprioception alone can be the basis for versatile
performance, including multiple types of grasps for objects with multiple
shapes and sizes, and transitions between grasps. Using a
series-elastic-actuated gripper, we propose a method for performing stable
fingertip grasps for unknown objects with unknown contacts, formulated as
multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) control. We also show that the proprioceptive
gripper can perform enveloping grasps, as well as the transition from fingertip
grasps to enveloping grasps.
|
cs.RO
|
grasping unknown objects has been an active research topic for decades approaches range from using various sensors eg vision tactile to gain information about the object to building passively compliant hands that react appropriately to contacts in this paper we focus on grasping unknown objects using proprioception the combination of joint position and torque sensing our hypothesis is that proprioception alone can be the basis for versatile performance including multiple types of grasps for objects with multiple shapes and sizes and transitions between grasps using a serieselasticactuated gripper we propose a method for performing stable fingertip grasps for unknown objects with unknown contacts formulated as multiinputmultioutput mimo control we also show that the proprioceptive gripper can perform enveloping grasps as well as the transition from fingertip grasps to enveloping grasps
|
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|
[-0.06923566734311784, 0.056570775566064005, -0.07250763558919808, -0.02575992018818249, -0.15276896984265873, -0.2153714445686733, 0.04065626154043676, 0.4781432094615559, -0.23234084176347236, -0.3827454532287264, 0.10137756069302703, -0.22070631566421353, -0.19952276530278515, 0.2240876067689685, -0.17676542234036696, 0.09062713081406992, 0.05789176179745863, 0.0389572877992782, -0.029082620121148782, -0.1799293192610679, 0.30119510759895507, 0.021635085849683416, 0.25827560791846854, -0.055071498104912596, 0.19150868921302433, 0.02524743124106249, 0.049549731360964994, 0.005377640586721804, -0.06492162628866174, 0.1218615393804083, 0.33809210303918164, 0.13697672704083108, 0.25551440566778183, -0.40249464376432487, -0.22136632807380446, 0.07582303707879542, 0.1521442497347422, 0.10895551708635202, -0.05591606356062775, -0.38352097950283753, 0.10731920819411907, -0.18186492942158103, -0.068976498468844, -0.102397082225499, 0.04492669921122896, 0.006984842724578325, -0.2784127867961115, -0.003520701855083552, 0.0003289494513671181, 0.09360147323712072, -0.12927930976459107, -0.08257752582575231, 0.04848882507861325, 0.2660805976610313, -0.015639613355444962, -0.006577080712191645, 0.2959763248127979, -0.1879788511017583, -0.14458953539205557, 0.3751913249030594, 0.04695305423341807, -0.21845074769022854, 0.22788540620443432, -0.061640704346661884, -0.1085615403906897, 0.09151973689061611, 0.21544528723687165, 0.16596330366054074, -0.16522817799547154, -0.03085267268502074, -0.03205133793341328, 0.17358347774995853, 0.07500805594424118, -0.01157955191090934, 0.2688656651880592, 0.2149927638933178, 0.05743789333532485, 0.13140052748219536, -0.14465111474391043, -0.032572713722077797, -0.21169481410684657, -0.11647120465401763, -0.1838595227865401, -0.022030649316865346, -0.041377392228960794, -0.12265891366270046, 0.3203792710564742, 0.21843041890199735, 0.21450548458396812, 0.08952207326195961, 0.3605770103727258, -0.007508392429499086, 0.09337140003204808, 0.055010814772009156, 0.23676970966391322, 0.03050648605869722, 0.07347398513003953, -0.16401512768523868, 0.07770412172508505, 0.02874271862403771]
|
1,803.09675
|
Extra Space during Initialization of Succinct Data Structures and
Dynamical Initializable Arrays
|
Many succinct data structures on the word RAM require precomputed tables to
start operating. Usually, the tables can be constructed in sublinear time. In
this time, most of a data structure is not initialized, i.e., there is plenty
of unused space allocated for the data structure. We present a general
framework to store temporarily extra buffers between the real data so that the
data can be processed immediately, stored first in the buffers, and then moved
into the real data structure after finishing the tables. As an application, we
apply our framework to Dodis, Patrascu, and Thorup's data structure (STOC 2010)
that emulates c-ary memory and to Farzan and Munro's succinct encoding of
arbitrary graphs (TCS 2013). We also use our framework to present an in-place
dynamical initializable array.
|
cs.DS
|
many succinct data structures on the word ram require precomputed tables to start operating usually the tables can be constructed in sublinear time in this time most of a data structure is not initialized ie there is plenty of unused space allocated for the data structure we present a general framework to store temporarily extra buffers between the real data so that the data can be processed immediately stored first in the buffers and then moved into the real data structure after finishing the tables as an application we apply our framework to dodis patrascu and thorups data structure stoc 2010 that emulates cary memory and to farzan and munros succinct encoding of arbitrary graphs tcs 2013 we also use our framework to present an inplace dynamical initializable array
|
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|
[-0.09705358172676881, 0.10599676660990554, -0.08527357319326256, 0.07189872022831878, -0.12687980886403238, -0.12929498275934748, 0.09111768411821686, 0.4151255605102051, -0.3187219423825809, -0.3440335954328475, 0.14715385530598724, -0.24607187188200896, -0.1152345447881089, 0.18702385676988342, -0.09124314329551453, 0.046787019149633124, 0.10262397516908095, 0.022715950592100853, -0.01414478889273596, -0.30259063268022146, 0.27041807209025137, 0.1043983427425701, 0.26501226727850735, -0.004122790634937701, 0.08441189143832162, 0.011425324946685578, -0.037889332434133394, -0.02641486632296619, -0.08323032898317706, 0.11555569590564119, 0.2950006031896919, 0.20897567565953068, 0.21497810294749797, -0.509277596607717, -0.16191901824822708, 0.08956014762770792, 0.10871799586675479, 0.1247354531660676, -0.05022494206605188, -0.28232114794445806, 0.09083526886684012, -0.16855920801299362, -0.03349499375326559, -0.12802934926367016, 0.05501606536927284, -0.03614391570954467, -0.25997920173813327, -0.03730232204020467, 0.06348270958073954, 0.010988867934429436, -0.07232306075638917, -0.07444807155025046, -0.006235219892914756, 0.15228845189267304, -0.05744725448676036, 0.029943391049528145, 0.06461622140068357, -0.040591411603600136, -0.12366410837421427, 0.3553924792759062, -0.031838883583077404, -0.1523477053779061, 0.13474104975921364, -0.06842052499996498, -0.1798018521112681, 0.11733120901408256, 0.22022490204471978, 0.07026692495128373, -0.14013448829609843, 0.09754338133279816, -0.0632667415193282, 0.23194620714639314, 0.09276512743963394, -0.0003892473482665082, 0.1222369817787694, 0.15608701444944018, 0.02891309881624693, 0.15409887422902102, -0.05839056250079011, -0.07362521043978631, -0.26755264386883937, -0.1343685521496809, -0.22495939596410608, -0.014629698836756688, -0.07993839939035752, -0.14274072067200905, 0.3318912469658244, 0.15824553807215125, 0.23626964386494365, 0.07983277890525642, 0.3199452626868151, 0.031701156648523465, 0.12504242769500706, 0.19497682079418155, 0.11260664678411558, 0.021447558487125207, 0.15627519989357097, -0.12526422006749272, 0.07695574650642811, 0.015142544587433804]
|
1,803.09676
|
On shrinking horizon move-blocking predictive control
|
This manuscript contains technical details of recent results developed by the
authors on shrinking horizon predictive control with a move-blocking strategy.
|
cs.SY math.OC
|
this manuscript contains technical details of recent results developed by the authors on shrinking horizon predictive control with a moveblocking strategy
|
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|
[-0.07894973414950072, 0.006715687629184686, -0.13260893123224377, -0.04165020750951953, -0.12962916884571313, -0.11002397591655608, 0.04899670975282788, 0.34619746580719946, -0.14599800668656826, -0.3025221759453416, 0.19239980876809568, -0.2609355087624863, -0.18143763709813357, 0.20126206735149027, -0.23976023052819073, 0.06558201215229928, 0.08960428964346648, 0.009512957558035851, -0.0010206373874098063, -0.3542318122461438, 0.3507994207320735, 0.1258242966607213, 0.29123300053179263, 0.07167546250857412, 0.13925107182003557, 0.03518497224431485, -0.1493847919628024, 0.046817645942792294, -0.24895638595335184, 0.1960654506459832, 0.2393627435900271, 0.12458651231136172, 0.4034498367458582, -0.40713390335440636, -0.23127029333263635, -0.013909734319895506, 0.0919283477589488, 0.14011344108730556, -0.1341029301576782, -0.30293024741113184, 0.05434768064878881, -0.2036890853662044, -0.18964471502695232, -0.07446293444372713, 0.01191052133217454, 0.0014730296197285498, -0.16774134701117874, 0.02241096799261868, 0.11531565234763548, 0.04545014481991529, -0.04976625456474722, -0.1392686316743493, 0.08128217756748199, 0.06631887226831168, 0.10478266216814518, 0.02329021571786143, 0.1574681492522359, -0.03881492770597106, -0.1772811754606664, 0.23270194455981255, -0.009980624495074152, -0.18387396042235196, 0.13975604455918073, -0.07153961034491658, -0.18289850098080934, 0.112275015655905, 0.15632270514033736, 0.09930657560471445, -0.1767624664120376, 0.10704018319956958, -0.03526381603442132, 0.16703059058636427, 0.03715089582838118, -0.022948321513831617, 0.14819228015840052, 0.2625064643099904, 0.08247791815083474, 0.12273020398570225, 0.022189880220685153, -0.12626734264194966, -0.3852063864469528, -0.03316841362975538, -0.14999569728970527, 0.041925404733046887, -0.013686707615852356, -0.1284057832119288, 0.4747293971478939, 0.12937653376720845, 0.1239155076444149, 0.02653850675560534, 0.34980472330935297, 0.021384929353371263, 0.04635996441356838, 0.09267530394718052, 0.2114766479935497, 0.03807058675447479, 0.18792463953141123, -0.15060098599642516, 0.07063062002998777, 0.0925903263501823]
|
1,803.09677
|
Enhancement of the magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic
CoFe$_2$O$_4$/PZT bilayer by induced uniaxial magnetic anisotropy
|
In this study we have compared magnetic, magnetostrictive and piezomagnetic
properties of isotropic and anisotropic cobalt ferrite pellets. The isotropic
sample was prepared by the ceramic method while the sample exhibiting uniaxial
anisotropy was made by reactive sintering using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS).
This technique permits to induce a magnetic anisotropy in cobalt ferrite in the
direction of the applied pressure during SPS process. Sample with uniaxial
anisotropy revealed a higher longitudinal magnetostriction and piezomagnetism
compared to the isotropic sample, but the transversal magnetostriction and
piezomagnetism were dramatically reduced. In the case of magnetoelectric
layered composite, the magnetoelectric coefficient is directly related to the
sum of the longitudinal and transversal piezomagnetic coefficients. These two
coefficients being opposite in sign, the use of material exhibiting high
longitudinal and low transversal piezomagnetic coefficient (or vice versa) in
ME devices is expected to improve the ME effect. Hence, ME bilayer devices were
made using isotropic and anisotropic cobalt ferrite stuck with a PZT layer. ME
measurements at low frequencies revealed that bilayer with anisotropic cobalt
ferrite exhibits a ME coefficient three times higher than a bilayer with
isotropic cobalt ferrite. We also investigated the behavior of such composites
when excited at resonant frequency.
|
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
|
in this study we have compared magnetic magnetostrictive and piezomagnetic properties of isotropic and anisotropic cobalt ferrite pellets the isotropic sample was prepared by the ceramic method while the sample exhibiting uniaxial anisotropy was made by reactive sintering using spark plasma sintering sps this technique permits to induce a magnetic anisotropy in cobalt ferrite in the direction of the applied pressure during sps process sample with uniaxial anisotropy revealed a higher longitudinal magnetostriction and piezomagnetism compared to the isotropic sample but the transversal magnetostriction and piezomagnetism were dramatically reduced in the case of magnetoelectric layered composite the magnetoelectric coefficient is directly related to the sum of the longitudinal and transversal piezomagnetic coefficients these two coefficients being opposite in sign the use of material exhibiting high longitudinal and low transversal piezomagnetic coefficient or vice versa in me devices is expected to improve the me effect hence me bilayer devices were made using isotropic and anisotropic cobalt ferrite stuck with a pzt layer me measurements at low frequencies revealed that bilayer with anisotropic cobalt ferrite exhibits a me coefficient three times higher than a bilayer with isotropic cobalt ferrite we also investigated the behavior of such composites when excited at resonant frequency
|
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|
[-0.14012829337632865, 0.2400441223673988, -0.010482594238128513, -0.05916003598914358, -0.10217818006756715, -0.14557018117280676, 0.010337827650364489, 0.4724770747125149, -0.24280558105005184, -0.3004405299667269, 0.035785678696120156, -0.3245123736251844, -0.07937218694365583, 0.1873342715011677, 0.07725035768235103, 0.02349271030165255, -0.051662260740995405, -0.06754709798842669, -0.07680070444825106, -0.2220404515066184, 0.20342405351344495, 0.05389394025762158, 0.3910278710955754, 0.033684527357982004, 0.05642068517161533, -0.009604132247623055, 0.08567065794457449, 0.09231370264897124, -0.13835753549978108, 0.039129544819588774, 0.22449048502603547, -0.16513389224768615, 0.16658445472829045, -0.45080160847792283, -0.1616179913189262, 0.013164313214365392, 0.09639823219855316, 0.11052506462554447, -0.06460041621467098, -0.19943297901074403, 0.09597092384239658, -0.11616318693617358, -0.12936420923782863, -0.062278247937792915, -0.034343617301201446, -0.0059710772088146765, -0.27928581793326884, 0.12755971988997772, 0.09885128412861377, 0.14053768394805957, -0.11979059798599337, -0.20404154640622438, -0.07532630490371957, -0.01779368803530815, 0.10926049541900283, 0.023106438890099525, 0.21060242760926484, -0.07361424271948636, -0.056606410862877966, 0.34570247975701934, -0.05471236269855581, -0.11540110078058205, 0.14221114082960412, -0.21012245079968125, -0.0377941766823642, 0.15820153226843103, 0.1841448774933815, 0.0940521179267671, -0.14600918341056968, 0.03215628454985563, 0.027437379144248552, 0.19714567238057498, 0.12527349184500053, 0.010136493591126054, 0.19701231303333772, 0.1606943669205066, -0.020112510711187498, 0.24996876527788117, -0.056376167982816694, 0.05692863837466575, -0.13125956607749686, -0.1763289272552356, -0.2086123245151248, 0.08104682570548903, -0.12942291156105057, -0.20571631193335635, 0.35679638403467834, 0.08950834476298042, 0.1484345189202577, -0.10462054457515478, 0.24920472209807484, 0.052719114052015355, 0.09509439174784347, 0.015376146165654064, 0.30786760356859305, 0.20413430116139353, 0.21398109679226762, -0.28837401468656026, 0.149137800775934, -0.019684436144307257]
|
1,803.09678
|
Search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks and for
four-top-quark events in final states with multiple $b$-jets with the ATLAS
detector
|
A search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks ($T$) with a
significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs
boson or a $Z$ boson is presented. The same analysis is also used to search for
four-top-quark production in several new physics scenarios. The search is based
on a dataset of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016
with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an
integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$. Data are analysed in the lepton+jets
final state, characterised by an isolated electron or muon with high transverse
momentum, large missing transverse momentum and multiple jets, as well as the
jets+$E_{T}^{miss}$ final state, characterised by multiple jets and large
missing transverse momentum. The search exploits the high multiplicity of jets
identified as originating from $b$-quarks, and the presence of boosted,
hadronically decaying top quarks and Higgs bosons reconstructed as large-radius
jets, characteristic of signal events. No significant excess above the Standard
Model expectation is observed, and 95% CL upper limits are set on the
production cross sections for the different signal processes considered. These
cross-section limits are used to derive lower limits on the mass of a
vector-like $T$ quark under several branching ratio hypotheses assuming
contributions from $T \rightarrow Wb$, $Zt$, $Ht$ decays. The 95% CL observed
lower limits on the $T$ quark mass range between 0.99 TeV and 1.43 TeV for all
possible values of the branching ratios into the three decay modes considered,
significantly extending the reach beyond that of previous searches.
Additionally, upper limits on anomalous four-top-quark production are set in
the context of an effective field theory model, as well as in an universal
extra dimensions model.
|
hep-ex
|
a search for pair production of uptype vectorlike quarks t with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a standard model higgs boson or a z boson is presented the same analysis is also used to search for fourtopquark production in several new physics scenarios the search is based on a dataset of pp collisions at sqrts13 tev recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the atlas detector at the cern large hadron collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 361 fb1 data are analysed in the leptonjets final state characterised by an isolated electron or muon with high transverse momentum large missing transverse momentum and multiple jets as well as the jetse_tmiss final state characterised by multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum the search exploits the high multiplicity of jets identified as originating from bquarks and the presence of boosted hadronically decaying top quarks and higgs bosons reconstructed as largeradius jets characteristic of signal events no significant excess above the standard model expectation is observed and 95 cl upper limits are set on the production cross sections for the different signal processes considered these crosssection limits are used to derive lower limits on the mass of a vectorlike t quark under several branching ratio hypotheses assuming contributions from t rightarrow wb zt ht decays the 95 cl observed lower limits on the t quark mass range between 099 tev and 143 tev for all possible values of the branching ratios into the three decay modes considered significantly extending the reach beyond that of previous searches additionally upper limits on anomalous fourtopquark production are set in the context of an effective field theory model as well as in an universal extra dimensions model
|
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|
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|
1,803.09679
|
$L^p$ Sobolev regularity for a class of Radon and Radon-like transforms
of various codimension
|
In the paper [G1] the author proved $L^p$ Sobolev regularity results for
averaging operators over hypersurfaces and connected them to associated Newton
polyhedra. In this paper, we use rather different resolution of singularities
techniques to prove $L^p$ Sobolev regularity results for a class of averaging
operators over surfaces which can be of any codimension.
|
math.CA
|
in the paper g1 the author proved lp sobolev regularity results for averaging operators over hypersurfaces and connected them to associated newton polyhedra in this paper we use rather different resolution of singularities techniques to prove lp sobolev regularity results for a class of averaging operators over surfaces which can be of any codimension
|
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|
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|
1,803.0968
|
Binary Neutron Star Mergers and Third Generation Detectors: Localization
and Early Warning
|
For third generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein
Telescope, gravitational wave signals from binary neutron stars can last up to
a few days before the neutron stars merge. To estimate the measurement
uncertainties of key signal parameters, we develop a Fisher matrix approach
which accounts for effects on such long duration signals of the time-dependent
detector response and the earths rotation. We use this approach to characterize
the sky localization uncertainty for gravitational waves from binary neutron
stars at 40, 200, 400, 800 and 1600Mpc, for the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic
Explorer individually and operating as a network. We find that the Einstein
Telescope alone can localize the majority of detectable binary neutron stars at
a distance of $\leq200$Mpc to within $100\text{deg}^2$ with 90% confidence. A
network consisting of the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer can enhance
the sky localization performance significantly - with the 90% credible region
of $\mathcal{O}(1) \text{deg}^2$ for most sources at $\leq200$Mpc and
$\leq100\text{deg}^2$ for most sources at $\leq1600$Mpc. We also investigate
the prospects for third generation detectors identifying the presence of a
signal prior to merger. To do this, we require a signal to have a network
signal-to-noise ratio of $\geq12$ and $\geq5.5$ for at least two
interferometers, and to have a 90% credible region for the sky localization
that is no larger than $100 \text{deg}^2$. We find that the Einstein Telescope
can send out such "early-warning" detection alerts 1 - 20 hours before merger
for 100% of detectable binary neutron stars at 40Mpc and for $\sim58\%$ of
sources at 200Mpc. For sources at a distance of 400Mpc, a network of the
Einstein telescope and Cosmic Explorer can produce detection alerts up to $\sim
3$ hours prior to merger for 98% of detectable binary neutron stars.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
for third generation gravitational wave detectors such as the einstein telescope gravitational wave signals from binary neutron stars can last up to a few days before the neutron stars merge to estimate the measurement uncertainties of key signal parameters we develop a fisher matrix approach which accounts for effects on such long duration signals of the timedependent detector response and the earths rotation we use this approach to characterize the sky localization uncertainty for gravitational waves from binary neutron stars at 40 200 400 800 and 1600mpc for the einstein telescope and cosmic explorer individually and operating as a network we find that the einstein telescope alone can localize the majority of detectable binary neutron stars at a distance of leq200mpc to within 100textdeg2 with 90 confidence a network consisting of the einstein telescope and cosmic explorer can enhance the sky localization performance significantly with the 90 credible region of mathcalo1 textdeg2 for most sources at leq200mpc and leq100textdeg2 for most sources at leq1600mpc we also investigate the prospects for third generation detectors identifying the presence of a signal prior to merger to do this we require a signal to have a network signaltonoise ratio of geq12 and geq55 for at least two interferometers and to have a 90 credible region for the sky localization that is no larger than 100 textdeg2 we find that the einstein telescope can send out such earlywarning detection alerts 1 20 hours before merger for 100 of detectable binary neutron stars at 40mpc and for sim58 of sources at 200mpc for sources at a distance of 400mpc a network of the einstein telescope and cosmic explorer can produce detection alerts up to sim 3 hours prior to merger for 98 of detectable binary neutron stars
|
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|
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|
1,803.09681
|
I/O Logic in HOL --- First Steps
|
A semantical embedding of input/output logic in classical higher-order logic
is presented. This embedding enables the mechanisation and automation of
reasoning tasks in input/output logic with off-the-shelf higher-order theorem
provers and proof assistants. The key idea for the solution presented here
results from the analysis of an inaccurate previous embedding attempt, which we
will discuss as well.
|
cs.AI cs.LO
|
a semantical embedding of inputoutput logic in classical higherorder logic is presented this embedding enables the mechanisation and automation of reasoning tasks in inputoutput logic with offtheshelf higherorder theorem provers and proof assistants the key idea for the solution presented here results from the analysis of an inaccurate previous embedding attempt which we will discuss as well
|
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|
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|
1,803.09682
|
Radiation reaction of charged particles orbiting magnetized
Schwarzschild black hole
|
In many astrophysically relevant situations radiation reaction force acting
upon a charge can not be neglected and the question arises about the location
and stability of circular orbits in such regime. Motion of point charge with
radiation reaction in flat spacetime is described by Lorenz-Dirac (LD)
equation, while in curved spacetime -- by DeWitt-Brehme (DWB) equation
containing the Ricci term and the tail term. We show that for the motion of
elementary particles in vacuum metrics the DWB equation can be reduced to the
covariant form of the LD equation which we use here. Generically, the LD
equation is plagued by runaway solutions, so we discuss computational ways to
avoid this problem in constructing numerical solutions. We also use the first
iteration of the covariant LD equation which is the covariant Landau-Lifshitz
equation, comparing results of these two approaches and showing smallness of
the third-order Schott term in the ultrarelativistic case. We calculate the
corresponding energy and angular momentum loss of a particle and study the
damping of charged particle oscillations around an equilibrium radius. We find
that depending on the orientation of the Lorentz force, the oscillating charged
particle either spirals down to the black hole, or stabilizes the circular
orbit by decaying its oscillations. The later case leads to an interesting new
result of shifting of the particle orbit outwards from the black hole. We also
discuss the astrophysical relevance of the presented approach and provide
estimations of the main parameters of the model.
|
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
|
in many astrophysically relevant situations radiation reaction force acting upon a charge can not be neglected and the question arises about the location and stability of circular orbits in such regime motion of point charge with radiation reaction in flat spacetime is described by lorenzdirac ld equation while in curved spacetime by dewittbrehme dwb equation containing the ricci term and the tail term we show that for the motion of elementary particles in vacuum metrics the dwb equation can be reduced to the covariant form of the ld equation which we use here generically the ld equation is plagued by runaway solutions so we discuss computational ways to avoid this problem in constructing numerical solutions we also use the first iteration of the covariant ld equation which is the covariant landaulifshitz equation comparing results of these two approaches and showing smallness of the thirdorder schott term in the ultrarelativistic case we calculate the corresponding energy and angular momentum loss of a particle and study the damping of charged particle oscillations around an equilibrium radius we find that depending on the orientation of the lorentz force the oscillating charged particle either spirals down to the black hole or stabilizes the circular orbit by decaying its oscillations the later case leads to an interesting new result of shifting of the particle orbit outwards from the black hole we also discuss the astrophysical relevance of the presented approach and provide estimations of the main parameters of the model
|
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|
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|
1,803.09683
|
Exchange interactions in two-state systems: rare earth pyrochlores
|
The general form of the nearest neighbour exchange interaction for rare earth
pyrochlores is derived based on symmetry. Generally, the rare earth angular
momentum degeneracy is lifted by the crystal electric field (CEF) into singlets
and doublets. When the CEF ground state is a doublet that is well-separated
from the first excited state the CEF ground state doublet can be treated as a
pseudo-spin of some kind. The general form of the nearest neighbour exchange
interaction for pseudo-spins on the pyrochlore lattice is derived for three
different types of pseudo-spins. The methodology presented in this paper can be
applied to other two-state spin systems with a high space group symmetry.
|
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.other
|
the general form of the nearest neighbour exchange interaction for rare earth pyrochlores is derived based on symmetry generally the rare earth angular momentum degeneracy is lifted by the crystal electric field cef into singlets and doublets when the cef ground state is a doublet that is wellseparated from the first excited state the cef ground state doublet can be treated as a pseudospin of some kind the general form of the nearest neighbour exchange interaction for pseudospins on the pyrochlore lattice is derived for three different types of pseudospins the methodology presented in this paper can be applied to other twostate spin systems with a high space group symmetry
|
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|
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|
1,803.09684
|
Systolic inequalities for K3 surfaces via stability conditions
|
We introduce the notions of categorical systoles and categorical volumes of
Bridgeland stability conditions on triangulated categories. We prove that for
any projective K3 surface, there exists a constant C depending only on the rank
and discriminant of its Picard group, such that $$\mathrm{sys}(\sigma)^2\leq
C\cdot\mathrm{vol}(\sigma)$$ holds for any stability condition on the derived
category of coherent sheaves on the K3 surface. This is an algebro-geometric
generalization of a classical systolic inequality on two-tori. We also discuss
applications of this inequality in symplectic geometry.
|
math.AG math.CO math.DG math.SG
|
we introduce the notions of categorical systoles and categorical volumes of bridgeland stability conditions on triangulated categories we prove that for any projective k3 surface there exists a constant c depending only on the rank and discriminant of its picard group such that mathrmsyssigma2leq ccdotmathrmvolsigma holds for any stability condition on the derived category of coherent sheaves on the k3 surface this is an algebrogeometric generalization of a classical systolic inequality on twotori we also discuss applications of this inequality in symplectic geometry
|
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|
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|
1,803.09685
|
Heterogeneous Turbulent Jets of the Mutually Immiscible Liquids: the
Mixing and Heat Transfer Processes
|
Many natural and technical processes deal with the turbulent mixing and heat
transfer in the jet of mutually immiscible liquids, which represent an
important class of the modern multiphase systems dynamics. The differential
equations for axisymmetrical two-dimensional stationary flow and the integral
correlations in a cylindrical coordinate system are considered for the free and
confined jets. The parameters of the turbulent mixing in a free jet and in
two-phase flow in a chamber are modelled and analyzed. One example is also done
for high-temperature flow of the liquid metal melt cooled by water in a
simulation of the hypothetic severe accidents at the nuclear power plant is
presented and compared to the experimental data. The algorithm and the results
obtained may be of interest for some research and industrial tasks, where
calculation of the parameters of multiphase turbulent mixing and heat transfer
are important.
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
many natural and technical processes deal with the turbulent mixing and heat transfer in the jet of mutually immiscible liquids which represent an important class of the modern multiphase systems dynamics the differential equations for axisymmetrical twodimensional stationary flow and the integral correlations in a cylindrical coordinate system are considered for the free and confined jets the parameters of the turbulent mixing in a free jet and in twophase flow in a chamber are modelled and analyzed one example is also done for hightemperature flow of the liquid metal melt cooled by water in a simulation of the hypothetic severe accidents at the nuclear power plant is presented and compared to the experimental data the algorithm and the results obtained may be of interest for some research and industrial tasks where calculation of the parameters of multiphase turbulent mixing and heat transfer are important
|
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|
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|
1,803.09686
|
Strict monotonicity of percolation thresholds under covering maps
|
We answer a question of Benjamini and Schramm by proving that under
reasonable conditions, quotienting a graph strictly increases the value of its
percolation critical parameter $p_c$. More precisely, let $\mathcal{G}=(V,E)$
be a quasi-transitive graph with $p_c(\mathcal{G})<1$, and let $G$ be a
nontrivial group that acts freely on $V$ by graph automorphisms. Assume that
$\mathcal{H}:=\mathcal{G}/G$ is quasi-transitive. Then one has
$p_c(\mathcal{G})<p_c(\mathcal{H})$. We provide results beyond this setting: we
treat the case of general covering maps and provide a similar result for the
uniqueness parameter $p_u$, under an additional assumption of boundedness of
the fibres. The proof makes use of a coupling built by lifting the exploration
of the cluster, and an exploratory counterpart of Aizenman-Grimmett's essential
enhancements.
|
math.PR math.CO math.GR
|
we answer a question of benjamini and schramm by proving that under reasonable conditions quotienting a graph strictly increases the value of its percolation critical parameter p_c more precisely let mathcalgve be a quasitransitive graph with p_cmathcalg1 and let g be a nontrivial group that acts freely on v by graph automorphisms assume that mathcalhmathcalgg is quasitransitive then one has p_cmathcalgp_cmathcalh we provide results beyond this setting we treat the case of general covering maps and provide a similar result for the uniqueness parameter p_u under an additional assumption of boundedness of the fibres the proof makes use of a coupling built by lifting the exploration of the cluster and an exploratory counterpart of aizenmangrimmetts essential enhancements
|
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|
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|
1,803.09687
|
New formulas for the Laplacian of distance functions and applications
|
The goal of the paper is to prove an exact representation formula for the
Laplacian of the distance (and more generally for an arbitrary 1-Lipschitz
function) in the framework of metric measure spaces satisfying Ricci curvature
lower bounds in a synthetic sense (more precisely in essentially non-branching
MCP(K,N)-spaces). Such a representation formula makes apparent the classical
upper bounds and also some new lower bounds, together with a precise
description of the singular part. The exact representation formula for the
Laplacian of 1-Lipschitz functions (in particular for distance functions) holds
also (and seems new) in a general complete Riemannian manifold. We apply these
results to prove the equivalence of CD(K,N) and a dimensional Bochner
inequality on signed distance functions. Moreover we obtain a measure-theoretic
Splitting Theorem for infinitesimally Hilbertian essentially non-branching
spaces verifying MCP(0,N).
|
math.MG math.FA
|
the goal of the paper is to prove an exact representation formula for the laplacian of the distance and more generally for an arbitrary 1lipschitz function in the framework of metric measure spaces satisfying ricci curvature lower bounds in a synthetic sense more precisely in essentially nonbranching mcpknspaces such a representation formula makes apparent the classical upper bounds and also some new lower bounds together with a precise description of the singular part the exact representation formula for the laplacian of 1lipschitz functions in particular for distance functions holds also and seems new in a general complete riemannian manifold we apply these results to prove the equivalence of cdkn and a dimensional bochner inequality on signed distance functions moreover we obtain a measuretheoretic splitting theorem for infinitesimally hilbertian essentially nonbranching spaces verifying mcp0n
|
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|
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|
1,803.09688
|
Optimisation-based representations for branching processes
|
It is shown that a certain functional of a branching process has
representations in terms of both a maximisation problem and a minimisation
problem. A consequence of these representation is that upper and lower bounds
on the functional can be found easily, yielding a non-asymptotic Trotter
product formula. As an application, the speed of the right-most particle of a
branching Levy process is calculated.
|
math.AP
|
it is shown that a certain functional of a branching process has representations in terms of both a maximisation problem and a minimisation problem a consequence of these representation is that upper and lower bounds on the functional can be found easily yielding a nonasymptotic trotter product formula as an application the speed of the rightmost particle of a branching levy process is calculated
|
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|
[-0.08588833119574701, 0.12021815064713337, -0.16558382928633364, 0.09325372559425205, -0.050826458347728476, -0.08512434889416909, 0.0929226464650128, 0.31887322980037425, -0.280148955702316, -0.28186654174351133, 0.1516045028456574, -0.22406826133374125, -0.16804779914673418, 0.23770312765009294, -0.06133777106879279, 0.0788172929387656, 0.09095885672650184, 0.11093398111552233, -0.04544548395642778, -0.21702899859519675, 0.21883540725684725, 0.03991689477697946, 0.2639502411693684, 0.1173336802967242, 0.1417324102294515, -0.013344429389690049, 0.017582261865754845, 0.01336092152632773, -0.1101877528355999, 0.14813008655255544, 0.2276047688210383, 0.1274566232750658, 0.2868742741229653, -0.34972071650554426, -0.15224645219859667, 0.14048332591482904, 0.17903503445268143, 0.07631321479857434, -0.021222084755208925, -0.27608318874263205, 0.08356026025285246, -0.19903686553880107, -0.07459183421451598, -0.05449819235946052, 0.039861072044004686, -0.005818678138894029, -0.3338714411656838, 0.05356771152582951, 0.07509283955732826, -0.002031112865097384, -0.06049578460806515, -0.14118452180264285, -0.009435304229555186, 0.0833505191912991, 0.04835303144045611, 0.023406206171785016, 0.146098333748796, -0.13942727210815065, -0.15629579141386785, 0.3613831872062292, -0.1007253165153088, -0.27857903396943584, 0.1433614825946279, -0.1184040703374194, -0.1390657635347452, 0.13796270042075776, 0.16548246095044306, 0.13251285640581045, -0.19049541134154424, 0.16065547705329664, -0.09701374301221222, 0.11677318168403872, 0.07204263439052738, -0.013975454930914566, 0.12438405654756934, 0.17088681600580458, 0.14625258308660705, 0.17844356612295087, -0.02950459830390173, -0.09397689363686368, -0.3184028050163761, -0.22709891737031285, -0.21749434897719766, 0.05215928512188839, -0.1631711952936712, -0.2006742802327608, 0.35280019097262993, 0.06339679090160644, 0.23734400431567337, 0.13971194849000312, 0.24792336110840552, 0.2737611399334128, 0.018081315007293597, 0.035781168247922324, 0.1608615280565573, 0.19161762448129593, 0.030927465712011326, -0.13947445058147423, 0.15946565198464668, 0.11752739614166785]
|
1,803.09689
|
Flow From Motion: A Deep Learning Approach
|
Wearable devices have the potential to enhance sports performance, yet they
are not fulfilling this promise. Our previous studies with 6 professional
tennis coaches and 20 players indicate that this could be due the lack of
psychological or mental state feedback, which the coaches claim to provide.
Towards this end, we propose to detect the flow state, mental state of optimal
performance, using wearables data to be later used in training. We performed a
study with a professional tennis coach and two players. The coach provided
labels about the players' flow state while each player had a wearable device on
their racket holding wrist. We trained multiple models using the wearables data
and the coach labels. Our deep neural network models achieved around 98%
testing accuracy for a variety of conditions. This suggests that the flow state
or what coaches recognize as flow, can be detected using wearables data in
tennis which is a novel result. The implication for the HCI community is that
having access to such information would allow for design of novel hardware and
interaction paradigms that would be helpful in professional athlete training.
|
cs.LG cs.AI cs.HC stat.ML
|
wearable devices have the potential to enhance sports performance yet they are not fulfilling this promise our previous studies with 6 professional tennis coaches and 20 players indicate that this could be due the lack of psychological or mental state feedback which the coaches claim to provide towards this end we propose to detect the flow state mental state of optimal performance using wearables data to be later used in training we performed a study with a professional tennis coach and two players the coach provided labels about the players flow state while each player had a wearable device on their racket holding wrist we trained multiple models using the wearables data and the coach labels our deep neural network models achieved around 98 testing accuracy for a variety of conditions this suggests that the flow state or what coaches recognize as flow can be detected using wearables data in tennis which is a novel result the implication for the hci community is that having access to such information would allow for design of novel hardware and interaction paradigms that would be helpful in professional athlete training
|
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|
[-0.06885129461244849, 0.04604385594618233, -0.1209979803552901, 0.0413859582339279, -0.15183203288616692, -0.2076877567463898, 0.09033952675819557, 0.438200584109773, -0.2130649623929219, -0.3572213033582756, 0.11566648945115247, -0.29238035522879446, -0.1510752576881432, 0.18366682732896134, -0.14904716377047753, 0.03349579183663675, 0.14361654598960644, 0.06306118960383368, 0.03294287492922024, -0.2941200243169691, 0.2680455069135461, 0.030026337237534347, 0.3107161684992678, 0.0533330416316814, 0.07187121174669261, -0.03416860629530514, 0.022146697613076968, 0.003426812251750878, -0.052354168501853156, 0.12340853050510514, 0.3340612807478659, 0.2116928303858295, 0.37067926107323107, -0.4602988269279666, -0.18585835613888055, 0.1085904723302247, 0.11229813662432334, 0.09424526264074254, -0.058876772252419454, -0.36548748536702785, 0.09131598119551744, -0.21488927025596966, -0.0659580374730939, -0.11319903908347223, -0.03257460440110595, -0.0004563940542028379, -0.27320055444201924, -0.009145975222482401, 0.01728065749866898, 0.10395762054897088, -0.050637162452140935, -0.10483626058365014, 0.0046304228720578915, 0.2617421981275958, 0.022912479588453143, 0.053322723190758356, 0.15843684952656295, -0.2071999775726388, -0.17566286215376867, 0.36264945737977716, -0.0012837394295051137, -0.181559304791418, 0.2075991798528435, -0.07881385317171256, -0.11015876027740498, 0.05339633705303631, 0.22385426567379327, 0.07353127367027543, -0.1684525136283056, -0.07492692567990784, -0.017063685584524497, 0.1979796316693811, 0.050263467594672415, -0.005519043919542415, 0.21166946989282429, 0.21520903689866477, 0.03316630797216639, 0.09593570363125141, -0.0663291355482935, -0.05060101546008478, -0.20375263501975915, -0.15773253676974597, -0.149208494702374, 0.04520676549865533, -0.05292664201560376, -0.1002672576214147, 0.378159887520945, 0.20871079620720948, 0.1474492536972272, 0.07201076300819728, 0.3208045714739013, 0.012508851862612136, 0.11534115235585181, 0.09716878765397133, 0.2504609088976195, -0.037054929712956604, 0.18607512610668148, -0.16200828721079438, 0.14680004524525236, -0.020461042146422567]
|
1,803.0969
|
A simple, space constrained NIRIM type reactor for chemical vapour
deposition of diamond
|
In this paper the design of a simple, space constrained chemical vapour
deposition reactor for diamond growth is detailed. Based on the design by
NIRIM, the reactor is composed of a quartz discharge tube placed within a 2.45
GHz waveguide to create the conditions required for metastable growth of
diamond. Utilising largely off-the-shelf components and a modular design, the
reactor allows for easy modification, repair, and cleaning between growth runs.
The elements of the reactor design are laid out with the CAD files, parts list,
and control files made easily available to enable replication. Finally, the
quality of nanocrystalline diamond films produced are studied with SEM and
Raman spectroscopy, with the observation of clear faceting and a large diamond
fraction suggesting the design offers deposition of diamond with minimal
complexity.
|
physics.app-ph cond-mat.mtrl-sci
|
in this paper the design of a simple space constrained chemical vapour deposition reactor for diamond growth is detailed based on the design by nirim the reactor is composed of a quartz discharge tube placed within a 245 ghz waveguide to create the conditions required for metastable growth of diamond utilising largely offtheshelf components and a modular design the reactor allows for easy modification repair and cleaning between growth runs the elements of the reactor design are laid out with the cad files parts list and control files made easily available to enable replication finally the quality of nanocrystalline diamond films produced are studied with sem and raman spectroscopy with the observation of clear faceting and a large diamond fraction suggesting the design offers deposition of diamond with minimal complexity
|
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|
[-0.05454703144974602, 0.14689552651667723, -0.04002661931566721, -0.09479786015148166, -0.05553648465984436, -0.1629058137146193, 0.09307772398460656, 0.4281572104077931, -0.23087561103969256, -0.3021529046602027, 0.13286819226512786, -0.26320734424275155, -0.04436388110034457, 0.2158508485457463, -0.03629260283151223, 0.09853835179932531, 0.06877355646457552, -0.07698751472716414, -0.05765801889626959, -0.2287011219607305, 0.24099124324338353, 0.12992114140538186, 0.3385603954914466, 0.06523392882465219, 0.09592169043319228, -0.0092629951988022, 0.001976968467870886, -0.03696431753486431, -0.14949532851663438, 0.16119150203551605, 0.2702504286845756, 0.08087535087983015, 0.18916180567426044, -0.4673360479028188, -0.19798105537653143, 0.048535779111318345, 0.0842786276358353, 0.08418083754404224, -0.13543324680572968, -0.21119219231033018, 0.06704513394262988, -0.1415162707512924, -0.12179520334543069, -0.031829953381372976, -0.05628831535144601, -0.007673477678642745, -0.2928619560273003, -0.030434358872242214, -0.028656854079007497, 0.09977058926958216, -0.04789791982521686, -0.11261906605322174, -0.027291722725643668, 0.0817993448022031, -0.06272835549429175, -0.019420847628814304, 0.2350434246075939, -0.03536771313114048, -0.07751881885035469, 0.3971248091082991, 0.019150849169593073, -0.1250643060188885, 0.1728262763232166, -0.10266188450894037, -0.09205763083124577, 0.15715549459189984, 0.12737415925159243, 0.06684627821294468, -0.19290319789027752, 0.023094319525019575, 0.025104215642971585, 0.22500691294323566, 0.15980287286806708, -0.008002391308834848, 0.20752926164328359, 0.29761213759436855, 0.05197728364479091, 0.20115155018071912, -0.10558855792601383, -0.001793829189945561, -0.2694490123576261, -0.15743910538099432, -0.14183711247020508, 0.05765386574717542, -0.08249738722867711, -0.21894566357756653, 0.3812606544667032, 0.05815764945072606, 0.14063746334854946, -0.0066334500569532545, 0.2916984259324192, -0.019487319663058708, 0.13491431242504784, 0.03161536923125964, 0.2228230509632664, 0.15988030042607598, 0.13570201829664208, -0.2393151328595745, 0.09933780824996588, -0.020838238132843214]
|
1,803.09691
|
Design optimisation and post-trial analysis in group sequential
stepped-wedge cluster randomised trials
|
Recently, methodology was presented to facilitate the incorporation of
interim analyses in stepped-wedge (SW) cluster randomised trials (CRTs). Here,
we extend this previous discussion. We detail how the stopping boundaries,
allocation sequences, and per-cluster per-period sample size of a group
sequential SW-CRT can be optimised. We then describe methods by which point
estimates, p-values, and confidence intervals, which account for the sequential
nature of the design, can be calculated. We demonstrate that optimal sequential
designs can reduce the expected required number of measurements under the null
hypothesis, compared to the classical design, by up to 30%, with no cost to the
maximal possible required number of measurements. Furthermore, the adjusted
analysis procedure almost universally reduces the average bias in the point
estimate, and consistently provides a confidence interval with coverage close
to the nominal level. In contrast, the coverage of a naive 95% confidence
interval is observed to range between 92 and 98%. Methodology is now readily
available for the efficient design and analysis of group sequential SW-CRTs. In
scenarios in which there are substantial ethical or financial reasons to
terminate a SW-CRT as soon as possible, trialists should strongly consider a
group sequential approach.
|
stat.ME
|
recently methodology was presented to facilitate the incorporation of interim analyses in steppedwedge sw cluster randomised trials crts here we extend this previous discussion we detail how the stopping boundaries allocation sequences and percluster perperiod sample size of a group sequential swcrt can be optimised we then describe methods by which point estimates pvalues and confidence intervals which account for the sequential nature of the design can be calculated we demonstrate that optimal sequential designs can reduce the expected required number of measurements under the null hypothesis compared to the classical design by up to 30 with no cost to the maximal possible required number of measurements furthermore the adjusted analysis procedure almost universally reduces the average bias in the point estimate and consistently provides a confidence interval with coverage close to the nominal level in contrast the coverage of a naive 95 confidence interval is observed to range between 92 and 98 methodology is now readily available for the efficient design and analysis of group sequential swcrts in scenarios in which there are substantial ethical or financial reasons to terminate a swcrt as soon as possible trialists should strongly consider a group sequential approach
|
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|
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|
1,803.09692
|
Large nematic susceptibility in the double-Q $C_{4}$ magnetic phase of
Ba$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
|
The nematic susceptibility of Ba$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single
crystals is studied by measuring the Young's modulus using a
three-point-bending setup in a capacitance dilatometer over a wide doping
range. Particular emphasis is placed on the behavior within the double-Q
antiferromagnetic $C_{4}$ re-entrant phase. Here, we surprisingly still observe
a sizable nematic susceptibility in spite of the well-developed magnetic order,
consistent with recent theoretical calculations. Outside the $C_{4}$ re-entrant
region, the behavior is very similar to that of K-doped BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$. A
significant coupling of superconductivity to the shear modulus is observed and
is discussed in terms of strong competition between the superconducting and
magnetic phases.
|
cond-mat.supr-con
|
the nematic susceptibility of ba_1xna_xfe_2as_2 single crystals is studied by measuring the youngs modulus using a threepointbending setup in a capacitance dilatometer over a wide doping range particular emphasis is placed on the behavior within the doubleq antiferromagnetic c_4 reentrant phase here we surprisingly still observe a sizable nematic susceptibility in spite of the welldeveloped magnetic order consistent with recent theoretical calculations outside the c_4 reentrant region the behavior is very similar to that of kdoped bafe_2as_2 a significant coupling of superconductivity to the shear modulus is observed and is discussed in terms of strong competition between the superconducting and magnetic phases
|
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|
[-0.2255996969601541, 0.21188293429840283, -0.03770298143739209, -0.0138874913134393, -0.05805773772390596, -0.12156042894439809, 0.09687833615131311, 0.3797243660060214, -0.21022660999248424, -0.2749434676313517, 0.013859130625896082, -0.3154651389329457, -0.15277362022749788, 0.16959059322207218, 0.01728150976208888, 0.006009576586531657, -0.06317907337021704, 0.005750899614141935, -0.14902562478456793, -0.18651667203270264, 0.2463786870254861, 0.0014769133709955449, 0.34996067240889017, 0.11037087738148722, 0.029859013691106263, -0.028106761539318396, 0.1727390864261371, 0.10842961116748698, -0.19526310157358667, 0.0058552110778834375, 0.26346862215466577, -0.1303610477605652, 0.18001402463471772, -0.3979147643435235, -0.21679332715404384, 0.04941700810712634, 0.09208724777415103, 0.10207388657784346, -0.08645022080357496, -0.25714762225363624, 0.05344993163667181, -0.12996379435564592, -0.10480912534266655, -0.11235565291352424, -0.02045054108762712, -0.01895915983500434, -0.23222979890438272, 0.148269243483596, 0.030389976422941566, 0.1369426523981697, -0.08524670435444397, -0.11749290179132539, -0.03574248334602909, 0.018381525429111777, 0.095202088883311, 0.11486343403378793, 0.1144580395810087, -0.15439190534879363, -0.08048116338585376, 0.3692346737884423, -0.030158568170222947, -0.03266469058215472, 0.13870043411289396, -0.2354190773446188, -0.10223133251180544, 0.18204655312001705, 0.08543231631811782, 0.06644624789409778, -0.10663684003749023, 0.06296542507719577, -0.0326460178133429, 0.22359949441263727, 0.03987141950832059, 0.050762130970171855, 0.23655099028552534, 0.2569934723958117, -0.00810066394179183, 0.16139185529056133, -0.11058976397822227, -0.0880419567829984, -0.2590924882530874, -0.13214758734958357, -0.22245761973089448, 0.00883745634471815, -0.11803363583149963, -0.20781395999787777, 0.3818662659785546, 0.10656158979776699, 0.19107914162576015, -0.07253565385654642, 0.20315244590735757, 0.05483183831743458, 0.08370155364037583, -0.011150293554380243, 0.32026997781655403, 0.22372866083192183, 0.15291056055096253, -0.3027720079784665, 0.13127908399944907, -0.0121429930760653]
|
1,803.09693
|
Efficient Interactive Annotation of Segmentation Datasets with
Polygon-RNN++
|
Manually labeling datasets with object masks is extremely time consuming. In
this work, we follow the idea of Polygon-RNN to produce polygonal annotations
of objects interactively using humans-in-the-loop. We introduce several
important improvements to the model: 1) we design a new CNN encoder
architecture, 2) show how to effectively train the model with Reinforcement
Learning, and 3) significantly increase the output resolution using a Graph
Neural Network, allowing the model to accurately annotate high-resolution
objects in images. Extensive evaluation on the Cityscapes dataset shows that
our model, which we refer to as Polygon-RNN++, significantly outperforms the
original model in both automatic (10% absolute and 16% relative improvement in
mean IoU) and interactive modes (requiring 50% fewer clicks by annotators). We
further analyze the cross-domain scenario in which our model is trained on one
dataset, and used out of the box on datasets from varying domains. The results
show that Polygon-RNN++ exhibits powerful generalization capabilities,
achieving significant improvements over existing pixel-wise methods. Using
simple online fine-tuning we further achieve a high reduction in annotation
time for new datasets, moving a step closer towards an interactive annotation
tool to be used in practice.
|
cs.CV
|
manually labeling datasets with object masks is extremely time consuming in this work we follow the idea of polygonrnn to produce polygonal annotations of objects interactively using humansintheloop we introduce several important improvements to the model 1 we design a new cnn encoder architecture 2 show how to effectively train the model with reinforcement learning and 3 significantly increase the output resolution using a graph neural network allowing the model to accurately annotate highresolution objects in images extensive evaluation on the cityscapes dataset shows that our model which we refer to as polygonrnn significantly outperforms the original model in both automatic 10 absolute and 16 relative improvement in mean iou and interactive modes requiring 50 fewer clicks by annotators we further analyze the crossdomain scenario in which our model is trained on one dataset and used out of the box on datasets from varying domains the results show that polygonrnn exhibits powerful generalization capabilities achieving significant improvements over existing pixelwise methods using simple online finetuning we further achieve a high reduction in annotation time for new datasets moving a step closer towards an interactive annotation tool to be used in practice
|
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|
[-0.004195648277207663, -0.018730948523649364, -0.0625846213197911, 0.0684075295603322, -0.09769389967809564, -0.17459908278454192, 0.07070063679471139, 0.4719557127383835, -0.21803080854956938, -0.41428622255267583, 0.05726955339241851, -0.27802850607129215, -0.1440545008091149, 0.21481306792153973, -0.15434010385341415, 0.05800840355631413, 0.17630223527121605, 0.021315121691959243, -0.0450452385879858, -0.29975512201720433, 0.2602636280240423, 0.059835756019596495, 0.31594456273925864, 0.015038536337974692, 0.12444444849150967, -0.051752901005836606, -0.045528850879603074, 0.006359936098363348, -0.0564750389121162, 0.16159282835610017, 0.27990339388729546, 0.1837709454102783, 0.30068788477536584, -0.38957539814645037, -0.20183983507093178, 0.0803295311429483, 0.1689826343598634, 0.11022789966208672, -0.032615611640521916, -0.3421221499913982, 0.0874623067674583, -0.18819972397930218, 0.007886210355312803, -0.137239617831927, -0.02701687699376425, -0.0473805062292407, -0.3015926362622373, 0.043151531429444466, 0.04881822387280256, 0.07679762728964844, -0.04362167825883362, -0.09221359610152845, 0.03546146634193283, 0.17473486901616864, -0.0028398043838090688, 0.0917927947027014, 0.12334492262202944, -0.1819788469282023, -0.15859231289295744, 0.3496353652630567, -0.09708096602863354, -0.22079992191671, 0.20965284636336823, -0.04950995104026576, -0.1360896008152573, 0.12692095001389062, 0.2311276901630363, 0.13567248167694396, -0.11498338040281379, -0.022522168813019758, -0.03911269255986934, 0.23624870415864738, 0.055780921399554345, -0.04072177178635998, 0.14121038390442983, 0.2802030620325469, 0.01908704529501771, 0.17545489791149263, -0.15092884881299412, -0.044809024607279965, -0.2244892104319175, -0.1210471691627114, -0.163506009086908, -0.02503997168420809, -0.13167982686192764, -0.12642399556032768, 0.3901537913068427, 0.287283054787022, 0.203736974144018, 0.13554146153125815, 0.34481624441211606, -0.02131590058634555, 0.14192261878024368, 0.09019745187346302, 0.17517144084726435, -0.029934615995101044, 0.13333205241132137, -0.15698861237066794, 0.039789752899400926, 0.04621959325530766]
|
1,803.09694
|
The continuum self-similar tree
|
We introduce the continuum self-similar tree (CSST) and characterize it
topologically. We apply this to answer a question of Curien about the topology
of the continuum random tree (CRT). We also give a topological characterization
of other trees with branch points of finite or infinite valences.
|
math.GT math.CV
|
we introduce the continuum selfsimilar tree csst and characterize it topologically we apply this to answer a question of curien about the topology of the continuum random tree crt we also give a topological characterization of other trees with branch points of finite or infinite valences
|
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|
[-0.12216919366684224, 0.17285911807169516, -0.11490020122792986, 0.1344483670545742, -0.10239956552783648, -0.11673663620733553, 0.17455572283102405, 0.38278977904054856, -0.28799105423580235, -0.2258073351966838, 0.10755741988412208, -0.27879232501404155, -0.18579306960002415, 0.09725111612739662, -0.07015747498306964, -0.002814053205980195, 0.04323554411530495, 0.03667933903634548, 0.002517339111202293, -0.2613857449911949, 0.37161176144662833, -0.023259619323329792, 0.20243054030256138, 0.060648871316677996, 0.10693533617175288, 0.017115963560839494, -0.06929648119904515, 0.0625521782371733, -0.2079405963834789, 0.10853990492307478, 0.24902526943220032, 0.12716318665382761, 0.18384712056981192, -0.35880757429533533, -0.1854698058967996, 0.134523440980249, 0.11273254349620807, 0.13324523778735764, 0.008948895138584906, -0.2531721877348092, 0.15313246195308036, -0.13163811954048774, -0.16481620721622472, -0.038407344785001546, 0.01697858800697658, -0.024282196164131166, -0.1677036952227354, -0.0005047314548088859, 0.16955930820355813, 0.07852616239753034, -0.023393481379995744, -0.097006883037587, -0.030680325355691214, 0.13562845900758272, -0.025759351216503194, 0.015924800363265806, 0.028516456846975617, -0.0649787860042933, -0.20670063346624373, 0.3336149943785535, -0.06304853243960275, -0.21759270786618193, 0.2408075025719073, -0.16069284009022844, -0.1786274466663599, 0.11815719859053692, 0.14674311671406032, 0.13168329323331515, -0.10329010444175867, 0.13049511263638527, -0.11299228295683861, 0.13808314258025753, 0.137786605871386, 0.011273814758492842, 0.16990604404773976, 0.162194562330842, 0.13485679057323272, 0.25608645431412796, -0.038206048144234554, -0.03794319443404674, -0.25526520758867266, -0.1532938810893231, -0.1414400383002228, 0.11248269031445185, -0.1241817100073806, -0.3549912661314011, 0.39192838594317436, 0.1672151775099337, 0.22610087785869837, 0.13064081855118276, 0.19663442538844214, 0.10686632489992512, -0.03867402295064595, 0.07597722193847099, 0.083308838121593, 0.19215830634865497, 0.02471478126115269, -0.14105141438647276, 0.00981999005501469, 0.17544035559727086]
|
1,803.09695
|
A sufficient condition for the Kolmogorov 4/5 law for stationary
martingale solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations
|
We prove that statistically stationary martingale solutions of the 3D
Navier-Stokes equations on $\mathbb{T}^3$ subjected to white-in-time
(colored-in-space) forcing satisfy the Kolmogorov 4/5 law (in an averaged sense
and over a suitable inertial range) using only the assumption that the kinetic
energy is $o(\nu^{-1})$ as $\nu \rightarrow 0$ (where $\nu$ is the inverse
Reynolds number). This plays the role of a weak anomalous dissipation. No
energy balance or additional regularity is assumed (aside from that satisfied
by all martingale solutions from the energy inequality). If the force is
statistically homogeneous, then any homogeneous martingale solution satisfies
the spherically averaged 4/5 law pointwise in space. An additional hypothesis
of approximate isotropy in the inertial range gives the traditional version of
the Kolmogorov law. We demonstrate a necessary condition by proving that energy
balance and an additional quantitative regularity estimate as $\nu \rightarrow
0$ imply that the 4/5 law (or any similar scaling law) cannot hold.
|
math.AP physics.flu-dyn
|
we prove that statistically stationary martingale solutions of the 3d navierstokes equations on mathbbt3 subjected to whiteintime coloredinspace forcing satisfy the kolmogorov 45 law in an averaged sense and over a suitable inertial range using only the assumption that the kinetic energy is onu1 as nu rightarrow 0 where nu is the inverse reynolds number this plays the role of a weak anomalous dissipation no energy balance or additional regularity is assumed aside from that satisfied by all martingale solutions from the energy inequality if the force is statistically homogeneous then any homogeneous martingale solution satisfies the spherically averaged 45 law pointwise in space an additional hypothesis of approximate isotropy in the inertial range gives the traditional version of the kolmogorov law we demonstrate a necessary condition by proving that energy balance and an additional quantitative regularity estimate as nu rightarrow 0 imply that the 45 law or any similar scaling law cannot hold
|
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|
[-0.14320947670728548, 0.12651863043427442, -0.10215268180064567, 0.11278266225587698, -0.06379725266090751, -0.14884446296453863, 0.013507414967511091, 0.28254185674270593, -0.301200058498698, -0.26154692597421153, 0.0788361842951181, -0.2600873808146684, -0.05495929587277124, 0.18423573245738886, -0.045704340417083204, 0.06854493663927491, 0.02751541525343215, 0.030601687977308188, -0.01798098843073013, -0.1509393617758745, 0.3184758784527612, 0.03255246141350937, 0.29312002026572725, 0.017688176071561583, 0.1502440405658797, -0.040973643666471944, -0.010647292834761032, 0.02303702908839468, -0.20719948160586246, 0.006901815887419628, 0.1695691410659256, 0.0562438949377143, 0.28656982962804084, -0.39487759198678973, -0.18764848744666035, 0.18453181688008563, 0.13267133120778501, 0.012980790110304952, -0.01540990973227089, -0.24329838460287104, 0.12435391465468067, -0.12848354601633868, -0.17001264915777395, -0.06596079102548008, 0.05724323744123632, 0.0651904139849176, -0.349780439208685, 0.17779255893033047, 0.15490072529744842, 0.07992981689870236, -0.14518112838026379, -0.0638989098400313, -0.03226168646005454, 0.06830308629599001, 0.09390992033083669, 0.04138040072254401, 0.11401398515921425, -0.11205407889565913, -0.025967789038892172, 0.3647197618983783, -0.08727891480114747, -0.27573996531329564, 0.15524715693953278, -0.1581259782387506, -0.10557681392854104, 0.15266140661952268, 0.06991483436220071, 0.059813539780702446, -0.14673645804672467, 0.17325760522636574, -0.09503859727244292, 0.20461700954353557, 0.09273707808914607, 0.0074091158624339315, 0.11706653782227017, 0.06523783169172753, 0.15794042412602863, 0.09210340159509767, -0.057396340614045645, -0.0929733221857603, -0.4000814286871003, -0.170358357884522, -0.1900138268405995, 0.19888736678345217, -0.15189692443943517, -0.13633716374925978, 0.26877961048021815, 0.12036192987731041, 0.12875811664188014, 0.1291232378427665, 0.2371403615099269, 0.19780009007232577, 0.0009455429027219872, 0.12043674067630396, 0.24965364459369863, 0.13595316908171087, 0.14634298718180627, -0.17787123050589065, 0.06233158061135705, 0.11322072681716898]
|
1,803.09696
|
Are small radii of compact stars ruled out by GW170817/AT2017gfo?
|
The detection of GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterparts allows to
constrain the equation of state of dense matter in new and complementary ways.
Very stiff equations of state are ruled out by the upper limit on the average
tidal deformability, $\tilde\Lambda \lesssim 800$, imposed by the detected
gravitational wave signal. A lower limit, $\tilde\Lambda \gtrsim 400$, can also
be extracted by considering the large amount of ejected matter which powers the
kilonova AT2017gfo. By using several microscopic nucleonic equations of state,
we first confirm the existence of a monotonic relation between $R_{1.5}$ (the
radius of the $1.5M_{\odot}$ configuration) and $\tilde\Lambda$. This
translates the limits on $\tilde\Lambda$ into limits on the radius:
$11.8\,\text{km} \lesssim R_{1.5} \lesssim 13.1\,$km. We then show that the
monotonic relation is violated, if a second branch of compact stars composed of
quark matter exists, as in the two-families or the twin-stars scenarios. In
particular, it is possible to fulfill the limits on $\tilde\Lambda$ while
having $R_{1.5}$ significantly smaller than $12\,$km. In both those scenarios
the event GW170817/AT2017gfo originates from the merger of a hadronic star and
a star containing quark matter.
|
astro-ph.HE hep-ph nucl-th
|
the detection of gw170817 and its electromagnetic counterparts allows to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in new and complementary ways very stiff equations of state are ruled out by the upper limit on the average tidal deformability tildelambda lesssim 800 imposed by the detected gravitational wave signal a lower limit tildelambda gtrsim 400 can also be extracted by considering the large amount of ejected matter which powers the kilonova at2017gfo by using several microscopic nucleonic equations of state we first confirm the existence of a monotonic relation between r_15 the radius of the 15m_odot configuration and tildelambda this translates the limits on tildelambda into limits on the radius 118textkm lesssim r_15 lesssim 131km we then show that the monotonic relation is violated if a second branch of compact stars composed of quark matter exists as in the twofamilies or the twinstars scenarios in particular it is possible to fulfill the limits on tildelambda while having r_15 significantly smaller than 12km in both those scenarios the event gw170817at2017gfo originates from the merger of a hadronic star and a star containing quark matter
|
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|
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|
1,803.09697
|
Constraining Primordial Black Holes with the EDGES 21-cm Absorption
Signal
|
The EDGES experiment has recently measured an anomalous global 21-cm spectrum
due to hydrogen absorptions at redshifts of about $z\sim 17$. Model
independently, the unusually low temperature of baryons probed by this
observable sets strong constraints on any physical process that transfers
energy into the baryonic environment at such redshifts. Here we make use of the
21-cm spectrum to derive bounds on the energy injection due to a possible
population of ${\cal O}(1-100) M_\odot$ primordial black holes, which induce a
wide spectrum of radiation during the accretion of the surrounding gas. After
calculating the total radiative intensity of a primordial black hole
population, we estimate the amount of heat and ionisations produced in the
baryonic gas and compute the resulting thermal history of the Universe with a
modified version of RECFAST code. Finally, by imposing that the temperature of
the gas at $z\sim 17$ does not exceed the indications of EDGES, we constrain
the possible abundance of primordial black holes. Depending on uncertainties
related to the accretion model, we find that ${\cal O}(10) M_\odot$ primordial
black holes can only contribute to a fraction $f_{\rm PBH}<(1-10^{-3})$ of the
total dark matter abundance.
|
astro-ph.CO hep-ph
|
the edges experiment has recently measured an anomalous global 21cm spectrum due to hydrogen absorptions at redshifts of about zsim 17 model independently the unusually low temperature of baryons probed by this observable sets strong constraints on any physical process that transfers energy into the baryonic environment at such redshifts here we make use of the 21cm spectrum to derive bounds on the energy injection due to a possible population of cal o1100 m_odot primordial black holes which induce a wide spectrum of radiation during the accretion of the surrounding gas after calculating the total radiative intensity of a primordial black hole population we estimate the amount of heat and ionisations produced in the baryonic gas and compute the resulting thermal history of the universe with a modified version of recfast code finally by imposing that the temperature of the gas at zsim 17 does not exceed the indications of edges we constrain the possible abundance of primordial black holes depending on uncertainties related to the accretion model we find that cal o10 m_odot primordial black holes can only contribute to a fraction f_rm pbh1103 of the total dark matter abundance
|
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|
[-0.07766649176605585, 0.16054616061010166, -0.03552844345226492, 0.10806312621116376, -0.04905479797652285, -0.057750779733453925, 0.06353778568721426, 0.3202371052711418, -0.17717994828831013, -0.37700981789293064, 0.04176818870902552, -0.3080385827998582, 0.009895581201539914, 0.1582654270527296, 0.014391918935028739, -0.008763866157172935, 0.013814099990811787, -0.030377808443613742, -0.058445871853588245, -0.24447202306902527, 0.33403322001625047, 0.14772730108816176, 0.17654421231954506, 0.06017749644325752, 0.08131887344153303, -0.10170402969723862, -0.053031146739560525, -0.01190038145470776, -0.19291265375577496, 0.030617763605091327, 0.17067802952308403, 0.1445400493721919, 0.18373918215327553, -0.41083712917752563, -0.229448404555258, 0.16035953170227768, 0.15989057309435387, 0.13571805765447942, -0.07973344097783985, -0.23395701591905796, 0.06665438484311667, -0.22425288957984824, -0.12233997791711437, 0.01447156233173844, 0.04326291711959608, -0.03409287839833843, -0.2292051842074694, 0.16016346287644026, 0.020072977258639997, -0.046667927155565274, -0.08928510166067434, -0.07832452671626877, -0.11968349159793241, 0.0355457629101645, 0.05731289024375943, 0.019762554646494162, 0.26302564130654854, -0.14298492408676172, -0.0128721627308742, 0.3981321770452747, -0.1300374241904233, -0.0288312021875754, 0.1539012155201482, -0.2383233611766053, -0.16631942860978213, 0.15977362724707314, 0.20542987686777978, 0.09463174039694039, -0.12374975157803611, 0.08525819211392541, 0.0034480817665002847, 0.2495607955221969, 0.08315484213005556, 0.08022230058222225, 0.37896748784635415, 0.08484417574777342, 0.02620232238826391, 0.07997805795227912, -0.12900430540367347, -0.0031471726441706874, -0.25273151978556263, -0.10264559810196883, -0.1640071591460391, 0.12952883467384566, -0.1419072703309786, -0.1334343018175691, 0.3471664877878012, 0.14491778353694826, 0.24866734719590136, 0.0371832343351439, 0.3053181836669338, 0.1145089626820807, 0.05848545368001061, 0.10864350151785306, 0.31082881032244153, 0.171042083366774, 0.092624207509461, -0.2781756867078672, 0.04661445077753773, 0.010403066864972443]
|
1,803.09698
|
Proactive Received Power Prediction Using Machine Learning and Depth
Images for mmWave Networks
|
This study demonstrates the feasibility of the proactive received power
prediction by leveraging spatiotemporal visual sensing information toward the
reliable millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks. Since the received power on a
mmWave link can attenuate aperiodically due to a human blockage, the long-term
series of the future received power cannot be predicted by analyzing the
received signals before the blockage occurs. We propose a novel mechanism that
predicts a time series of the received power from the next moment to even
several hundred milliseconds ahead. The key idea is to leverage the camera
imagery and machine learning (ML). The time-sequential images can involve the
spatial geometry and the mobility of obstacles representing the mmWave signal
propagation. ML is used to build the prediction model from the dataset of
sequential images labeled with the received power in several hundred
milliseconds ahead of when each image is obtained. The simulation and
experimental evaluations using IEEE 802.11ad devices and a depth camera show
that the proposed mechanism employing convolutional LSTM predicted a time
series of the received power in up to 500 ms ahead at an inference time of less
than 3 ms with a root-mean-square error of 3.5 dB.
|
cs.NI
|
this study demonstrates the feasibility of the proactive received power prediction by leveraging spatiotemporal visual sensing information toward the reliable millimeterwave mmwave networks since the received power on a mmwave link can attenuate aperiodically due to a human blockage the longterm series of the future received power cannot be predicted by analyzing the received signals before the blockage occurs we propose a novel mechanism that predicts a time series of the received power from the next moment to even several hundred milliseconds ahead the key idea is to leverage the camera imagery and machine learning ml the timesequential images can involve the spatial geometry and the mobility of obstacles representing the mmwave signal propagation ml is used to build the prediction model from the dataset of sequential images labeled with the received power in several hundred milliseconds ahead of when each image is obtained the simulation and experimental evaluations using ieee 80211ad devices and a depth camera show that the proposed mechanism employing convolutional lstm predicted a time series of the received power in up to 500 ms ahead at an inference time of less than 3 ms with a rootmeansquare error of 35 db
|
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|
[-0.13814258008092947, 0.044279979069777216, -0.032121477097424925, 0.00968529992589575, -0.08637674540585401, -0.1574427147742779, 0.06317527216000302, 0.4074442837273284, -0.2872763967132006, -0.3256502504278169, 0.10455803657592065, -0.2694553690297263, -0.16906332203700225, 0.21587806316068853, -0.09324122454296341, 0.08610043856131189, 0.07510544624588243, 0.07149272103917462, -0.04657337944883359, -0.2380410157006272, 0.20708687546972698, 0.12614351637157784, 0.3337265946498445, 0.02018004696227002, 0.12140282467708505, -0.02159208026999722, -0.05358833738849783, -0.025696175988797428, -0.034468500119053676, 0.14642953123286728, 0.27428818306272695, 0.17299974653857988, 0.3415000296877317, -0.46591070859350875, -0.28343888162397685, 0.07439414021673099, 0.12438433719632615, 0.07160968804608422, -0.051569188106923874, -0.323936917681285, 0.12936598724152237, -0.19878741845486173, -0.02564433897833271, 0.0038745006052206972, -0.009778968787458677, 0.012659223323773441, -0.28620383018694284, 0.04923329147039818, -0.00898064192080376, 0.07230463675793489, -0.021978871574716247, -0.0909705481263904, 0.01517428924704959, 0.15950195684661372, 0.05857312832353161, 0.03227060832194889, 0.1286597579381457, -0.15920279079178654, -0.11015623954732959, 0.39390870851312515, -0.04575518120060335, -0.13531108918998921, 0.13938737343592875, -0.12565898466709768, -0.08527190599600043, 0.18309449059003727, 0.2482077617920479, 0.06546052536043358, -0.12764876654850643, -0.031561210788358766, 0.007037667658569634, 0.21730784487872556, 0.08832790175386306, 0.019098875288642486, 0.20000346484641562, 0.2295399203514015, 0.029616942416581953, 0.11454818986429909, -0.23209514902258405, -0.06594688903150737, -0.19337173723657283, -0.08529992703047262, -0.21192427479177334, 0.03237397623213058, -0.10154977030262151, -0.06464304847699799, 0.44643196627041515, 0.21406918921156273, 0.19202145439993154, 0.1304221977972739, 0.3900594404775041, 0.09539707629390214, 0.10794322206448688, 0.0766239324869702, 0.2215328096797154, 0.068686707308801, 0.1757569695936934, -0.15008421179574763, 0.08494920727716075, -0.010511275885712204]
|
1,803.09699
|
Model for Metal-Insulator Transition in Graphene Superlattices and
Beyond
|
We propose a two-orbital Hubbard model on an emergent honeycomb lattice to
describe the low-energy physics of twisted bilayer graphene. Our model provides
a theoretical basis for studying metal-insulator transition, Landau level
degeneracy lifting and unconventional superconductivity that are recently
observed.
|
cond-mat.str-el
|
we propose a twoorbital hubbard model on an emergent honeycomb lattice to describe the lowenergy physics of twisted bilayer graphene our model provides a theoretical basis for studying metalinsulator transition landau level degeneracy lifting and unconventional superconductivity that are recently observed
|
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|
[-0.184175827018008, 0.2056839658041831, -0.06006611906355474, 0.11286091913537281, -0.08650943882218222, -0.22120906478475508, 0.1153514984904266, 0.3789747973858583, -0.23219693322643276, -0.25429115353561027, -0.07130979704557032, -0.2816366153065024, -0.21873928859784472, 0.07740796774216904, 0.05636938193404093, 0.043087652566411144, -0.05716028832262609, -0.13895828690288997, -0.12261010509938365, -0.2245692786101888, 0.2916516643471834, 0.06260588695863034, 0.3464553389789128, 0.11588457590196191, 0.010435252893352655, 0.011813701709686982, 0.23721308392904153, -0.041272020376310115, -0.22969890993018208, 0.11408046921487988, 0.24256833170245334, -0.1697023971710445, 0.15419332106120703, -0.44218211530185325, -0.2623147161893274, -0.079413196054946, 0.12289657519857694, 0.21307958253636594, -0.11202828653395266, -0.30605719566754086, -0.031299240342000635, -0.22327032312750816, -0.1272390933661926, -0.19218297281143507, -0.0783761275091731, -0.1370608500409417, -0.2524224578278003, 0.07641761788030768, 0.02985543489637898, 0.16924296680656148, -0.10303700567654721, -0.1593502580937816, -0.1129475042121712, 0.01001517715432295, -0.019487431005960922, 0.06401675553756721, 0.09532709513995342, -0.11160350706791733, -0.20660328133622322, 0.4477945775157068, -0.027302421074326535, -0.05667052272616363, 0.17367717038794625, -0.15600533151953686, -0.15100845802439058, 0.09590986296080234, 0.08414534597498614, -0.040383422417884195, -0.15092842864644965, 0.17026841726648145, -0.15330189071232225, 0.14183026305740562, -0.06431686089419555, 0.07057032931777762, 0.3211058864324558, 0.29466298872196095, 0.03155600865621392, 0.147171956793655, -0.09320942409018554, -0.1043040923229078, -0.24818486075212315, -0.12173035770382096, -0.21142096705621155, 0.08226856288341124, -0.007384215890097704, -0.27041870096652976, 0.4956442555639802, 0.23727686025156844, 0.17789073443119133, -0.0733502496590429, 0.1371617177160593, 0.1751744416797897, -0.005461825693889362, -0.037394988123418356, 0.2165855331141956, 0.14076173850108029, -0.001946540379033583, -0.28871085263061813, -0.057967254608051806, 0.17508818009277669]
|
1,803.097
|
Electron correlations and pre-collision in the re-collision picture of
high harmonic generation
|
We discuss the seminal three-step model and the recollision picture in the
context of high harmonic generation in molecules. In particular, we stress the
importance of multi-electron correlation during the first and the third of the
three steps of the process: (1) the strong field ionization and (3) the
recombination. We point out how accurate account for multi-electron
correlations during the third, recombination, step allows one to gauge the
importance of pre-collision: the term coined by J. H. Eberly to describe
unusual pathways during the first, ionization, step.
|
physics.atom-ph physics.comp-ph
|
we discuss the seminal threestep model and the recollision picture in the context of high harmonic generation in molecules in particular we stress the importance of multielectron correlation during the first and the third of the three steps of the process 1 the strong field ionization and 3 the recombination we point out how accurate account for multielectron correlations during the third recombination step allows one to gauge the importance of precollision the term coined by j h eberly to describe unusual pathways during the first ionization step
|
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|
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|
1,803.09701
|
Comparing Published Scientific Journal Articles to Their Pre-Print
Versions -- Extended Version
|
Academic publishers claim that they add value to scholarly communications by
coordinating reviews and contributing and enhancing text during publication.
These contributions come at a considerable cost: U.S. academic libraries paid
$1.7 billion for serial subscriptions in 2008 alone. Library budgets, in
contrast, are flat and not able to keep pace with serial price inflation. We
have investigated the publishers' value proposition by conducting a comparative
study of pre-print papers from two distinct science, technology, and medicine
(STM) corpora and their final published counterparts. This comparison had two
working assumptions: 1) if the publishers' argument is valid, the text of a
pre-print paper should vary measurably from its corresponding final published
version, and 2) by applying standard similarity measures, we should be able to
detect and quantify such differences. Our analysis revealed that the text
contents of the scientific papers generally changed very little from their
pre-print to final published versions. These findings contribute empirical
indicators to discussions of the added value of commercial publishers and
therefore should influence libraries' economic decisions regarding access to
scholarly publications.
|
cs.DL
|
academic publishers claim that they add value to scholarly communications by coordinating reviews and contributing and enhancing text during publication these contributions come at a considerable cost us academic libraries paid 17 billion for serial subscriptions in 2008 alone library budgets in contrast are flat and not able to keep pace with serial price inflation we have investigated the publishers value proposition by conducting a comparative study of preprint papers from two distinct science technology and medicine stm corpora and their final published counterparts this comparison had two working assumptions 1 if the publishers argument is valid the text of a preprint paper should vary measurably from its corresponding final published version and 2 by applying standard similarity measures we should be able to detect and quantify such differences our analysis revealed that the text contents of the scientific papers generally changed very little from their preprint to final published versions these findings contribute empirical indicators to discussions of the added value of commercial publishers and therefore should influence libraries economic decisions regarding access to scholarly publications
|
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|
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|
1,803.09702
|
HAMLET: Interpretable Human And Machine co-LEarning Technique
|
Efficient label acquisition processes are key to obtaining robust
classifiers. However, data labeling is often challenging and subject to high
levels of label noise. This can arise even when classification targets are well
defined, if instances to be labeled are more difficult than the prototypes used
to define the class, leading to disagreements among the expert community. Here,
we enable efficient training of deep neural networks. From low-confidence
labels, we iteratively improve their quality by simultaneous learning of
machines and experts. We call it Human And Machine co-LEarning Technique
(HAMLET). Throughout the process, experts become more consistent, while the
algorithm provides them with explainable feedback for confirmation. HAMLET uses
a neural embedding function and a memory module filled with diverse reference
embeddings from different classes. Its output includes classification labels
and highly relevant reference embeddings as explanation. We took the study of
brain monitoring at intensive care unit (ICU) as an application of HAMLET on
continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) data. Although cEEG monitoring yields
large volumes of data, labeling costs and difficulty make it hard to build a
classifier. Additionally, while experts agree on the labels of clear-cut
examples of cEEG patterns, labeling many real-world cEEG data can be extremely
challenging. Thus, a large minority of sequences might be mislabeled. HAMLET
has shown significant performance gain against deep learning and other
baselines, increasing accuracy from 7.03% to 68.75% on challenging inputs.
Besides improved performance, clinical experts confirmed the interpretability
of those reference embeddings in helping explaining the classification results
by HAMLET.
|
cs.AI cs.HC cs.LG stat.ML
|
efficient label acquisition processes are key to obtaining robust classifiers however data labeling is often challenging and subject to high levels of label noise this can arise even when classification targets are well defined if instances to be labeled are more difficult than the prototypes used to define the class leading to disagreements among the expert community here we enable efficient training of deep neural networks from lowconfidence labels we iteratively improve their quality by simultaneous learning of machines and experts we call it human and machine colearning technique hamlet throughout the process experts become more consistent while the algorithm provides them with explainable feedback for confirmation hamlet uses a neural embedding function and a memory module filled with diverse reference embeddings from different classes its output includes classification labels and highly relevant reference embeddings as explanation we took the study of brain monitoring at intensive care unit icu as an application of hamlet on continuous electroencephalography ceeg data although ceeg monitoring yields large volumes of data labeling costs and difficulty make it hard to build a classifier additionally while experts agree on the labels of clearcut examples of ceeg patterns labeling many realworld ceeg data can be extremely challenging thus a large minority of sequences might be mislabeled hamlet has shown significant performance gain against deep learning and other baselines increasing accuracy from 703 to 6875 on challenging inputs besides improved performance clinical experts confirmed the interpretability of those reference embeddings in helping explaining the classification results by hamlet
|
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|
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|
1,803.09703
|
Bounded Context Switching for Valence Systems
|
We study valence systems, finite-control programs over infinite-state
memories modeled in terms of graph monoids. Our contribution is a notion of
bounded context switching (BCS). Valence systems generalize pushdowns,
concurrent pushdowns, and Petri nets. In these settings, our definition
conservatively generalizes existing notions. The main finding is that
reachability within a bounded number of context switches is in NP, independent
of the memory (the graph monoid). Our proof is genuinely algebraic, and
therefore contributes a new way to think about BCS. In addition, we exhibit a
class of storage mechanisms for which BCS reachability belongs to P.
|
cs.LO cs.FL
|
we study valence systems finitecontrol programs over infinitestate memories modeled in terms of graph monoids our contribution is a notion of bounded context switching bcs valence systems generalize pushdowns concurrent pushdowns and petri nets in these settings our definition conservatively generalizes existing notions the main finding is that reachability within a bounded number of context switches is in np independent of the memory the graph monoid our proof is genuinely algebraic and therefore contributes a new way to think about bcs in addition we exhibit a class of storage mechanisms for which bcs reachability belongs to p
|
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|
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|
1,803.09704
|
MOrdReD: Memory-based Ordinal Regression Deep Neural Networks for Time
Series Forecasting
|
Time series forecasting is ubiquitous in the modern world. Applications range
from health care to astronomy, and include climate modelling, financial trading
and monitoring of critical engineering equipment. To offer value over this
range of activities, models must not only provide accurate forecasts, but also
quantify and adjust their uncertainty over time. In this work, we directly
tackle this task with a novel, fully end-to-end deep learning method for time
series forecasting. By recasting time series forecasting as an ordinal
regression task, we develop a principled methodology to assess long-term
predictive uncertainty and describe rich multimodal, non-Gaussian behaviour,
which arises regularly in applied settings.
Notably, our framework is a wholly general-purpose approach that requires
little to no user intervention to be used. We showcase this key feature in a
large-scale benchmark test with 45 datasets drawn from both, a wide range of
real-world application domains, as well as a comprehensive list of synthetic
maps. This wide comparison encompasses state-of-the-art methods in both the
Machine Learning and Statistics modelling literature, such as the Gaussian
Process. We find that our approach does not only provide excellent predictive
forecasts, shadowing true future values, but also allows us to infer valuable
information, such as the predictive distribution of the occurrence of critical
events of interest, accurately and reliably even over long time horizons.
|
stat.ML cs.LG
|
time series forecasting is ubiquitous in the modern world applications range from health care to astronomy and include climate modelling financial trading and monitoring of critical engineering equipment to offer value over this range of activities models must not only provide accurate forecasts but also quantify and adjust their uncertainty over time in this work we directly tackle this task with a novel fully endtoend deep learning method for time series forecasting by recasting time series forecasting as an ordinal regression task we develop a principled methodology to assess longterm predictive uncertainty and describe rich multimodal nongaussian behaviour which arises regularly in applied settings notably our framework is a wholly generalpurpose approach that requires little to no user intervention to be used we showcase this key feature in a largescale benchmark test with 45 datasets drawn from both a wide range of realworld application domains as well as a comprehensive list of synthetic maps this wide comparison encompasses stateoftheart methods in both the machine learning and statistics modelling literature such as the gaussian process we find that our approach does not only provide excellent predictive forecasts shadowing true future values but also allows us to infer valuable information such as the predictive distribution of the occurrence of critical events of interest accurately and reliably even over long time horizons
|
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|
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|
1,803.09705
|
The $\{1,s\}$-weighted Davenport constant in $C_n^k$
|
Let $G$ be a finite abelian group and let $\varnothing \neq A \subset \mathbb
Z$. The $A$-weighted Davenport constant of $G$ is the smallest positive integer
${\sf D}_A(G)$ such that every sequence $x_1 \boldsymbol{\cdot} {\dots}
\boldsymbol{\cdot} x_{{\sf D}_A(G)}$ over $G$ has a non-empty subsequence
$(x_{j_i})_i$ such that ${\varepsilon_1} x_{j_1} + {\varepsilon_2} x_{j_2} +
{\dots} + {\varepsilon_t} x_{j_t} = 0$ for some $\varepsilon_1, \varepsilon_2,
{\dots}, \varepsilon_t \in A$. In this paper, we obtain both upper and lower
bounds for ${\sf D}_{\{1,s\}}(C_n^k)$, where $C_n$ denotes the cyclic group of
order $n$, $s^2 \equiv 1 \pmod n$ and $s \not\equiv \pm1 \pmod n$. These bounds
become sharp in some "small" cases.
|
math.NT math.CO math.GR
|
let g be a finite abelian group and let varnothing neq a subset mathbb z the aweighted davenport constant of g is the smallest positive integer sf d_ag such that every sequence x_1 boldsymbolcdot dots boldsymbolcdot x_sf d_ag over g has a nonempty subsequence x_j_i_i such that varepsilon_1 x_j_1 varepsilon_2 x_j_2 dots varepsilon_t x_j_t 0 for some varepsilon_1 varepsilon_2 dots varepsilon_t in a in this paper we obtain both upper and lower bounds for sf d_1sc_nk where c_n denotes the cyclic group of order n s2 equiv 1 pmod n and s notequiv pm1 pmod n these bounds become sharp in some small cases
|
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|
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|
1,803.09706
|
A note on Stokes' problem in dense granular media using the
$\mu(I)$--rheology
|
The classical Stokes' problem describing the fluid motion due to a steadily
moving infinite wall is revisited in the context of dense granular flows of
mono-dispersed beads using the recently proposed $\mu(I)$--rheology. In
Newtonian fluids, molecular diffusion brings about a self-similar velocity
profile and the boundary layer in which the fluid motion takes place increases
indefinitely with time $t$ as $\sqrt{\nu t}$, where $\nu$ is the kinematic
viscosity. For a dense granular visco-plastic liquid, it is shown that the
local shear stress, when properly rescaled, exhibits self-similar behaviour at
short-time scales and it then rapidly evolves towards a steady-state solution.
The resulting shear layer increases in thickness as $\sqrt{\nu_g t}$ analogous
to a Newtonian fluid where $\nu_g$ is an equivalent granular kinematic
viscosity depending not only on the intrinsic properties of the granular media
such as grain diameter $d$, density $\rho$ and friction coefficients but also
on the applied pressure $p_w$ at the moving wall and the solid fraction $\phi$
(constant). In addition, the $\mu(I)$--rheology indicates that this growth
continues until reaching the steady-state boundary layer thickness $\delta_s =
\beta_w (p_w/\phi \rho g )$, independent of the grain size, at about a finite
time proportional to $\beta_w^2 (p_w/\rho g d)^{3/2} \sqrt{d/g}$, where $g$ is
the acceleration due to gravity and $\beta_w = (\tau_w - \tau_s)/\tau_s$ is the
relative surplus of the steady-state wall shear-stress $\tau_w$ over the
critical wall shear stress $\tau_s$ (yield stress) that is needed to bring the
granular media into motion... (see article for a complete abstract).
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
the classical stokes problem describing the fluid motion due to a steadily moving infinite wall is revisited in the context of dense granular flows of monodispersed beads using the recently proposed muirheology in newtonian fluids molecular diffusion brings about a selfsimilar velocity profile and the boundary layer in which the fluid motion takes place increases indefinitely with time t as sqrtnu t where nu is the kinematic viscosity for a dense granular viscoplastic liquid it is shown that the local shear stress when properly rescaled exhibits selfsimilar behaviour at shorttime scales and it then rapidly evolves towards a steadystate solution the resulting shear layer increases in thickness as sqrtnu_g t analogous to a newtonian fluid where nu_g is an equivalent granular kinematic viscosity depending not only on the intrinsic properties of the granular media such as grain diameter d density rho and friction coefficients but also on the applied pressure p_w at the moving wall and the solid fraction phi constant in addition the muirheology indicates that this growth continues until reaching the steadystate boundary layer thickness delta_s beta_w p_wphi rho g independent of the grain size at about a finite time proportional to beta_w2 p_wrho g d32 sqrtdg where g is the acceleration due to gravity and beta_w tau_w tau_stau_s is the relative surplus of the steadystate wall shearstress tau_w over the critical wall shear stress tau_s yield stress that is needed to bring the granular media into motion see article for a complete abstract
|
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|
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|
1,803.09707
|
A library of second-order models for synchronous machines
|
This paper presents a library of second-order models for synchronous machines
that can be utilized in power system dynamic performance analysis and control
design tasks. The models have a similar structure to the classical model in
that they consist of two dynamic states, the power angle and the angular speed.
However, unlike the classical model, the models find applications beyond first
swing stability analysis; for example, they can also be utilized in transient
stability studies. The models are developed through a systematic reduction of a
nineteenth-order model, using singular perturbation techniques, and they are
validated by comparing their voltage, frequency, and phase profiles with that
of the high-order model and that of the classical model.
|
cs.SY math.OC
|
this paper presents a library of secondorder models for synchronous machines that can be utilized in power system dynamic performance analysis and control design tasks the models have a similar structure to the classical model in that they consist of two dynamic states the power angle and the angular speed however unlike the classical model the models find applications beyond first swing stability analysis for example they can also be utilized in transient stability studies the models are developed through a systematic reduction of a nineteenthorder model using singular perturbation techniques and they are validated by comparing their voltage frequency and phase profiles with that of the highorder model and that of the classical model
|
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|
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|
1,803.09708
|
Optical conductivity of the Weyl semimetal NbP
|
The optical properties of (001)-oriented NbP single crystals have been
studied in a wide spectral range from 6 meV to 3 eV from room temperature down
to 10 K. The itinerant carriers lead to a Drude-like contribution to the
optical response; we can further identify two pronounced phonon modes and
interband transitions starting already at rather low frequencies. By comparing
our experimental findings to the calculated interband optical conductivity, we
can assign the features observed in the measured conductivity to certain
interband transitions. In particular, we find that transitions between the
electronic bands spilt by spin-orbit coupling dominate the interband
conductivity of NbP below 100 meV. At low temperatures, the momentum-relaxing
scattering rate of the itinerant carriers in NbP is very small, leading to
macroscopic characteristic length scales of the momentum relaxation of
approximately 0.5 $\mu$m.
|
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci
|
the optical properties of 001oriented nbp single crystals have been studied in a wide spectral range from 6 mev to 3 ev from room temperature down to 10 k the itinerant carriers lead to a drudelike contribution to the optical response we can further identify two pronounced phonon modes and interband transitions starting already at rather low frequencies by comparing our experimental findings to the calculated interband optical conductivity we can assign the features observed in the measured conductivity to certain interband transitions in particular we find that transitions between the electronic bands spilt by spinorbit coupling dominate the interband conductivity of nbp below 100 mev at low temperatures the momentumrelaxing scattering rate of the itinerant carriers in nbp is very small leading to macroscopic characteristic length scales of the momentum relaxation of approximately 05 mum
|
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|
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|
1,803.09709
|
A many-sorted polyadic modal logic
|
This paper presents a many-sorted polyadic modal logic that generalizes some
of the existing approaches. The algebraic semantics has led us to a many-sorted
generalization of boolean algebras with operators, for which we prove the
analogue of the J\'onsson-Tarski theorem. While the transition from the
mono-sorted logic to many-sorted one is a smooth process, we see our system as
a step towards deepening the connection between modal logic and program
verification, since our system can be seen as the propositional fragment of
Matching logic, a first-order logic for specifying and reasoning about
programs.
|
cs.LO
|
this paper presents a manysorted polyadic modal logic that generalizes some of the existing approaches the algebraic semantics has led us to a manysorted generalization of boolean algebras with operators for which we prove the analogue of the jonssontarski theorem while the transition from the monosorted logic to manysorted one is a smooth process we see our system as a step towards deepening the connection between modal logic and program verification since our system can be seen as the propositional fragment of matching logic a firstorder logic for specifying and reasoning about programs
|
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|
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|
1,803.0971
|
Secure and Reliable Biometric Access Control for Resource-Constrained
Systems and IoT
|
With the emergence of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), there is a growing need
for access control and data protection on low-power, pervasive devices.
Biometric-based authentication is promising for IoT due to its convenient
nature and lower susceptibility to attacks. However, the costs associated with
biometric processing and template protection are nontrivial for smart cards,
key fobs, and so forth. In this paper, we discuss the security, cost, and
utility of biometric systems and develop two major frameworks for improving
them. First, we introduce a new framework for implementing biometric systems
based on physical unclonable functions (PUFs) and hardware obfuscation that,
unlike traditional software approaches, does not require nonvolatile storage of
a biometric template/key. Aside from reducing the risk of compromising the
biometric, the nature of obfuscation also provides protection against access
control circumvention via malware and fault injection. The PUF provides
non-invertibility and non-linkability. Second, a major requirement of the
proposed PUF/obfuscation approach is that a reliable (robust) key be generated
from the users input biometric. We propose a noiseaware biometric quantization
framework capable of generating unique, reliable keys with reduced enrollment
time and denoising costs. Finally, we conduct several case studies. In the
first, the proposed noise-aware approach is compared to our previous approach
for multiple biometric modalities, including popular ones (fingerprint and
iris) and emerging cardiovascular ones (ECG and PPG). The results show that ECG
provides the best tradeoff between reliability, key length, entropy, and cost.
In the second and third case studies, we demonstrate how reliability, denoising
costs, and enrollment times can be simultaneously improved by modeling subject
intra-variations for ECG.
|
cs.CR
|
with the emergence of the internetofthings iot there is a growing need for access control and data protection on lowpower pervasive devices biometricbased authentication is promising for iot due to its convenient nature and lower susceptibility to attacks however the costs associated with biometric processing and template protection are nontrivial for smart cards key fobs and so forth in this paper we discuss the security cost and utility of biometric systems and develop two major frameworks for improving them first we introduce a new framework for implementing biometric systems based on physical unclonable functions pufs and hardware obfuscation that unlike traditional software approaches does not require nonvolatile storage of a biometric templatekey aside from reducing the risk of compromising the biometric the nature of obfuscation also provides protection against access control circumvention via malware and fault injection the puf provides noninvertibility and nonlinkability second a major requirement of the proposed pufobfuscation approach is that a reliable robust key be generated from the users input biometric we propose a noiseaware biometric quantization framework capable of generating unique reliable keys with reduced enrollment time and denoising costs finally we conduct several case studies in the first the proposed noiseaware approach is compared to our previous approach for multiple biometric modalities including popular ones fingerprint and iris and emerging cardiovascular ones ecg and ppg the results show that ecg provides the best tradeoff between reliability key length entropy and cost in the second and third case studies we demonstrate how reliability denoising costs and enrollment times can be simultaneously improved by modeling subject intravariations for ecg
|
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|
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|
1,803.09711
|
Cost optimal scenarios of a future highly renewable European electricity
system: Exploring the influence of weather data, cost parameters and policy
constraints
|
Cost optimal scenarios derived from models of a highly renewable electricity
system depend on the specific input data, cost assumptions and system
constraints. Here this influence is studied using a techno-economic
optimisation model for a networked system of 30 European countries, taking into
account the capacity investment and operation of wind, solar, hydroelectricity,
natural gas power generation, transmission, and different storage options. A
considerable robustness of total system costs to the input weather data and to
moderate changes in the cost assumptions is observed. Flat directions in the
optimisation landscape around cost-optimal configurations often allow system
planners to choose between different technology options without a significant
increase in total costs, for instance by replacing onshore with offshore wind
power capacity in case of public acceptance issues. Exploring a range of carbon
dioxide emission limits shows that for scenarios with moderate transmission
expansion, a reduction of around 57% compared to 1990 levels is already cost
optimal. For stricter carbon dioxide limits, power generated from gas turbines
is at first replaced by generation from increasing renewable capacities.
Non-hydro storage capacities are only built for low-emission scenarios, in
order to provide the necessary flexibility to meet peaks in the residual load.
|
physics.soc-ph
|
cost optimal scenarios derived from models of a highly renewable electricity system depend on the specific input data cost assumptions and system constraints here this influence is studied using a technoeconomic optimisation model for a networked system of 30 european countries taking into account the capacity investment and operation of wind solar hydroelectricity natural gas power generation transmission and different storage options a considerable robustness of total system costs to the input weather data and to moderate changes in the cost assumptions is observed flat directions in the optimisation landscape around costoptimal configurations often allow system planners to choose between different technology options without a significant increase in total costs for instance by replacing onshore with offshore wind power capacity in case of public acceptance issues exploring a range of carbon dioxide emission limits shows that for scenarios with moderate transmission expansion a reduction of around 57 compared to 1990 levels is already cost optimal for stricter carbon dioxide limits power generated from gas turbines is at first replaced by generation from increasing renewable capacities nonhydro storage capacities are only built for lowemission scenarios in order to provide the necessary flexibility to meet peaks in the residual load
|
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|
[-0.1349098086753047, 0.08508995704253577, 0.012744947160513798, 0.05486353680545814, -0.02694182536508037, -0.1668683470718487, 0.13590869603461117, 0.37557116106417276, -0.25941125982143176, -0.35743833061125657, 0.1317177879462151, -0.2908389483729784, -0.03509608898926432, 0.23830327159621123, -0.12720714496013705, 0.051560394957585985, 0.08082521394566458, -0.05555751126570991, -0.017687772722148956, -0.24723771394722088, 0.2540359884561961, 0.14725478072910744, 0.34270273541161783, 0.05401492446748455, 0.10824945717719077, -0.06514974406608356, 0.010796143923919213, 0.0020580199183092506, -0.08727870177765534, 0.13439958360077026, 0.278988922080667, 0.13709699584248441, 0.2918701673276382, -0.4790717706670465, -0.2439519456554639, 0.1033908944737419, 0.04685544732811525, 0.020182352014320906, -0.03214130697885367, -0.19911792498616132, 0.03862180173761084, -0.2459584196774185, -0.09578630413037494, -0.024587148838312492, 0.026341846146559354, 0.06191981333983958, -0.3262630152246598, 0.018807150605536505, -0.028574330560262623, 0.08252295022263063, -0.089606643595312, -0.12504104519473286, -0.07328220476694217, 0.12671258010095468, 0.0584182709108017, -0.0522011509023342, 0.17277457474182517, -0.1522441742963011, -0.08682656157430886, 0.4088685868809066, -0.026376890523836658, -0.15430197777429852, 0.14592189149727788, -0.12865326498980223, -0.13634845818544214, 0.1704147114858107, 0.2420969164840461, 0.028931724370887438, -0.19136103211434058, 0.04837466856266188, 0.042621791020016835, 0.17689078655519386, 0.08857423274631276, 0.053594873375424804, 0.2162113139254566, 0.2207639640064787, 0.13748488311956017, 0.1517620769419192, -0.0816056803826167, -0.1404939098200917, -0.2165606568247165, -0.10908142139285397, -0.13205986752749188, 0.029044037804168265, -0.10729983087533347, -0.0798986703795641, 0.34575728499590597, 0.14527896846543234, 0.1228286262990453, 0.03759819371708513, 0.3540501317652273, 0.12466245828974085, 0.07213579673736077, 0.11000362541207448, 0.1844013642831729, 0.023995466100118185, 0.17125988317426616, -0.19565368769985864, 0.10222681913156119, -0.03925092272498281]
|
1,803.09712
|
On the Diffusion of Sticky Particles in 1D
|
The 1D Ising model is the simplest Hamiltonian-based model in statistical
mechanics. The sim- plest interacting particle process is the Symmetric
Exclusion Process (SEP), a 1D lattice gas of particles that hop symmetrically
and cannot overlap. Combining the two gives a model for sticky particle
diffusion, SPM, which is described here. SPM dynamics are based on SEP with
short-range interaction, allowing flow due to non-equilibrium boundary
conditions. We prove that SPM is also a detailed-balance respecting,
particle-conserving, Monte Carlo (MC) description of the Ising model. Neither
the Ising model nor SEP have a phase transition in 1D, but the SPM exhibits a
non-equilibrium transition from a diffusing to a blocked state as stickiness
increases. This transition manifests in peaks in the MC density fluctuation, a
change in the dependency of flow-rate on stickiness, and odd structure in the
eigenspectrum of the transition rate matrix. We derive and solve a fully
non-linear, analytic, mean-field solution, which has a crossover from a
positive to a negative diffusion constant where the MC shows the transition.
The negative diffusion constant in fact indicates a breakdown of the mean-field
approximation, with close to zero flow and breaking into a two-phase mixture,
and thus the mean field theory successfully predicts its own demise. We also
present an analytic solution for the flow via direct analysis of the transition
rate matrix. The simplicity of the model suggest a wide range of possible
applications.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech physics.comp-ph
|
the 1d ising model is the simplest hamiltonianbased model in statistical mechanics the sim plest interacting particle process is the symmetric exclusion process sep a 1d lattice gas of particles that hop symmetrically and cannot overlap combining the two gives a model for sticky particle diffusion spm which is described here spm dynamics are based on sep with shortrange interaction allowing flow due to nonequilibrium boundary conditions we prove that spm is also a detailedbalance respecting particleconserving monte carlo mc description of the ising model neither the ising model nor sep have a phase transition in 1d but the spm exhibits a nonequilibrium transition from a diffusing to a blocked state as stickiness increases this transition manifests in peaks in the mc density fluctuation a change in the dependency of flowrate on stickiness and odd structure in the eigenspectrum of the transition rate matrix we derive and solve a fully nonlinear analytic meanfield solution which has a crossover from a positive to a negative diffusion constant where the mc shows the transition the negative diffusion constant in fact indicates a breakdown of the meanfield approximation with close to zero flow and breaking into a twophase mixture and thus the mean field theory successfully predicts its own demise we also present an analytic solution for the flow via direct analysis of the transition rate matrix the simplicity of the model suggest a wide range of possible applications
|
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|
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|
1,803.09713
|
Robust principal components for irregularly spaced longitudinal data
|
Consider longitudinal data $x_{ij},$ with $i=1,...,n$ and $j=1,...,p_{i},$
where $x_{ij}$ is the $j-$th observation of the random function $X_{i}\left(
.\right) $ observed at time $t_{j}.$ The goal of this paper is to develop a
parsimonious representation of the data by a linear combination of a set of $q$
smooth functions $H_{k}\left( .\right) $ ($k=1,..,q)$ in the sense that
$x_{ij}\approx\mu_{j}+\sum_{k=1}^{q}\beta_{ki}H_{k}\left( t_{j}\right) ,$ such
that it fulfills three goals: it is resistant to atypical $X_{i}$'s ('case
contamination'), it is resistant to isolated gross errors at some $t_{ij}$
('cell contamination'), and it can be applied when some of the $x_{ij}$ are
missing ('irregularly spaced' ---or 'incomplete'-- data).
Two approaches will be proposed for this problem. One deals with the three
goals stated above, and is based on ideas similar to MM-estimation (Yohai
1987). The other is a simple and fast estimator which can be applied to
complete data with case- and cellwise contamination, and is based on applying a
standard robust principal components estimate and smoothing the principal
directions. Experiments with real and simulated data suggest that with complete
data the simple estimator outperforms its competitors, while the MM estimator
is competitive for incomplete data.
Keywords: Principal components, MM-estimator, longitudinal .data, B-splines,
incomplete data.
|
stat.ME
|
consider longitudinal data x_ij with i1n and j1p_i where x_ij is the jth observation of the random function x_ileft right observed at time t_j the goal of this paper is to develop a parsimonious representation of the data by a linear combination of a set of q smooth functions h_kleft right k1q in the sense that x_ijapproxmu_jsum_k1qbeta_kih_kleft t_jright such that it fulfills three goals it is resistant to atypical x_is case contamination it is resistant to isolated gross errors at some t_ij cell contamination and it can be applied when some of the x_ij are missing irregularly spaced or incomplete data two approaches will be proposed for this problem one deals with the three goals stated above and is based on ideas similar to mmestimation yohai 1987 the other is a simple and fast estimator which can be applied to complete data with case and cellwise contamination and is based on applying a standard robust principal components estimate and smoothing the principal directions experiments with real and simulated data suggest that with complete data the simple estimator outperforms its competitors while the mm estimator is competitive for incomplete data keywords principal components mmestimator longitudinal data bsplines incomplete data
|
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|
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|
1,803.09714
|
Observation of $\psi(3686) \to \eta' e^+ e^- $
|
Using a data sample of $448.1 \times 10^6$ $\psi(3686)$ events collected with
the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we report the first observation of
the electromagnetic Dalitz decay $\psi(3686) \to \eta' e^+ e^-$, with
significances of 7.0$\sigma$ and 6.3$\sigma$ when reconstructing the $\eta'$
meson via its decay modes $\eta'\to\gamma \pi^+ \pi^-$ and
$\eta'\to\pi^+\pi^-\eta$ ($\eta \to \gamma\gamma$), respectively. The weighted
average branching fraction is determined to be $\mathcal{B}(\psi(3686) \to
\eta' e^+ e^-)= (1.90 \pm 0.25 \pm 0.11) \times 10^{-6}$, where the first
uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
|
hep-ex
|
using a data sample of 4481 times 106 psi3686 events collected with the besiii detector at the bepcii collider we report the first observation of the electromagnetic dalitz decay psi3686 to eta e e with significances of 70sigma and 63sigma when reconstructing the eta meson via its decay modes etatogamma pi pi and etatopipieta eta to gammagamma respectively the weighted average branching fraction is determined to be mathcalbpsi3686 to eta e e 190 pm 025 pm 011 times 106 where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic
|
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|
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|
1,803.09715
|
On the Runtime Analysis of the Clearing Diversity-Preserving Mechanism
|
Clearing is a niching method inspired by the principle of assigning the
available resources among a niche to a single individual. The clearing
procedure supplies these resources only to the best individual of each niche:
the winner. So far, its analysis has been focused on experimental approaches
that have shown that clearing is a powerful diversity-preserving mechanism.
Using rigorous runtime analysis to explain how and why it is a powerful method,
we prove that a mutation-based evolutionary algorithm with a large enough
population size, and a phenotypic distance function always succeeds in
optimising all functions of unitation for small niches in polynomial time,
while a genotypic distance function requires exponential time. Finally, we
prove that with phenotypic and genotypic distances clearing is able to find
both optima for Twomax and several general classes of bimodal functions in
polynomial expected time. We use empirical analysis to highlight some of the
characteristics that makes it a useful mechanism and to support the theoretical
results.
|
cs.NE
|
clearing is a niching method inspired by the principle of assigning the available resources among a niche to a single individual the clearing procedure supplies these resources only to the best individual of each niche the winner so far its analysis has been focused on experimental approaches that have shown that clearing is a powerful diversitypreserving mechanism using rigorous runtime analysis to explain how and why it is a powerful method we prove that a mutationbased evolutionary algorithm with a large enough population size and a phenotypic distance function always succeeds in optimising all functions of unitation for small niches in polynomial time while a genotypic distance function requires exponential time finally we prove that with phenotypic and genotypic distances clearing is able to find both optima for twomax and several general classes of bimodal functions in polynomial expected time we use empirical analysis to highlight some of the characteristics that makes it a useful mechanism and to support the theoretical results
|
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|
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|
1,803.09716
|
Random Nodal Lengths and Wiener Chaos
|
In this survey we collect some of the recent results on the "nodal geometry"
of random eigenfunctions on Riemannian surfaces. We focus on the asymptotic
behavior, for high energy levels, of the nodal length of Gaussian Laplace
eigenfunctions on the torus (arithmetic random waves) and on the sphere (random
spherical harmonics). We give some insight on both Berry's cancellation
phenomenon and the nature of nodal length second order fluctuations
(non-Gaussian on the torus and Gaussian on the sphere) in terms of chaotic
components. Finally we consider the general case of monochromatic random waves,
i.e. Gaussian random linear combination of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on a
compact Riemannian surface with frequencies from a short interval, whose
scaling limit is Berry's Random Wave Model. For the latter we present some
recent results on the asymptotic distribution of its nodal length in the high
energy limit (equivalently, for growing domains).
|
math.PR math-ph math.MP
|
in this survey we collect some of the recent results on the nodal geometry of random eigenfunctions on riemannian surfaces we focus on the asymptotic behavior for high energy levels of the nodal length of gaussian laplace eigenfunctions on the torus arithmetic random waves and on the sphere random spherical harmonics we give some insight on both berrys cancellation phenomenon and the nature of nodal length second order fluctuations nongaussian on the torus and gaussian on the sphere in terms of chaotic components finally we consider the general case of monochromatic random waves ie gaussian random linear combination of eigenfunctions of the laplacian on a compact riemannian surface with frequencies from a short interval whose scaling limit is berrys random wave model for the latter we present some recent results on the asymptotic distribution of its nodal length in the high energy limit equivalently for growing domains
|
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|
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|
1,803.09717
|
Parameterized Intractability of Even Set and Shortest Vector Problem
from Gap-ETH
|
The $k$-Even Set problem is a parameterized variant of the Minimum Distance
Problem of linear codes over $\mathbb F_2$, which can be stated as follows:
given a generator matrix $\mathbf A$ and an integer $k$, determine whether the
code generated by $\mathbf A$ has distance at most $k$. Here, $k$ is the
parameter of the problem. The question of whether $k$-Even Set is fixed
parameter tractable (FPT) has been repeatedly raised in literature and has
earned its place in Downey and Fellows' book (2013) as one of the "most
infamous" open problems in the field of Parameterized Complexity.
In this work, we show that $k$-Even Set does not admit FPT algorithms under
the (randomized) Gap Exponential Time Hypothesis (Gap-ETH) [Dinur'16,
Manurangsi-Raghavendra'16]. In fact, our result rules out not only exact FPT
algorithms, but also any constant factor FPT approximation algorithms for the
problem. Furthermore, our result holds even under the following weaker
assumption, which is also known as the Parameterized Inapproximability
Hypothesis (PIH) [Lokshtanov et al.'17]: no (randomized) FPT algorithm can
distinguish a satisfiable 2CSP instance from one which is only
$0.99$-satisfiable (where the parameter is the number of variables).
We also consider the parameterized $k$-Shortest Vector Problem (SVP), in
which we are given a lattice whose basis vectors are integral and an integer
$k$, and the goal is to determine whether the norm of the shortest vector (in
the $\ell_p$ norm for some fixed $p$) is at most $k$. Similar to $k$-Even Set,
this problem is also a long-standing open problem in the field of Parameterized
Complexity. We show that, for any $p > 1$, $k$-SVP is hard to approximate (in
FPT time) to some constant factor, assuming PIH. Furthermore, for the case of
$p = 2$, the inapproximability factor can be amplified to any constant.
|
cs.CC
|
the keven set problem is a parameterized variant of the minimum distance problem of linear codes over mathbb f_2 which can be stated as follows given a generator matrix mathbf a and an integer k determine whether the code generated by mathbf a has distance at most k here k is the parameter of the problem the question of whether keven set is fixed parameter tractable fpt has been repeatedly raised in literature and has earned its place in downey and fellows book 2013 as one of the most infamous open problems in the field of parameterized complexity in this work we show that keven set does not admit fpt algorithms under the randomized gap exponential time hypothesis gapeth dinur16 manurangsiraghavendra16 in fact our result rules out not only exact fpt algorithms but also any constant factor fpt approximation algorithms for the problem furthermore our result holds even under the following weaker assumption which is also known as the parameterized inapproximability hypothesis pih lokshtanov et al17 no randomized fpt algorithm can distinguish a satisfiable 2csp instance from one which is only 099satisfiable where the parameter is the number of variables we also consider the parameterized kshortest vector problem svp in which we are given a lattice whose basis vectors are integral and an integer k and the goal is to determine whether the norm of the shortest vector in the ell_p norm for some fixed p is at most k similar to keven set this problem is also a longstanding open problem in the field of parameterized complexity we show that for any p 1 ksvp is hard to approximate in fpt time to some constant factor assuming pih furthermore for the case of p 2 the inapproximability factor can be amplified to any constant
|
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|
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|
1,803.09718
|
The Krzy\.z Conjecture and an Entropy Conjecture
|
We show that if the minimum entropy for a polynomial with roots on the unit
circle is attained by polynomials with equally spaced roots, then, under a
generic hypothesis about the nature of the extremum, the Krzyz conjecture on
the maximum modulus of the Taylor coefficients of a holomorphic function that
maps the disk to the punctured disk is true.
|
math.CV
|
we show that if the minimum entropy for a polynomial with roots on the unit circle is attained by polynomials with equally spaced roots then under a generic hypothesis about the nature of the extremum the krzyz conjecture on the maximum modulus of the taylor coefficients of a holomorphic function that maps the disk to the punctured disk is true
|
[['we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'minimum', 'entropy', 'for', 'a', 'polynomial', 'with', 'roots', 'on', 'the', 'unit', 'circle', 'is', 'attained', 'by', 'polynomials', 'with', 'equally', 'spaced', 'roots', 'then', 'under', 'a', 'generic', 'hypothesis', 'about', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'extremum', 'the', 'krzyz', 'conjecture', 'on', 'the', 'maximum', 'modulus', 'of', 'the', 'taylor', 'coefficients', 'of', 'a', 'holomorphic', 'function', 'that', 'maps', 'the', 'disk', 'to', 'the', 'punctured', 'disk', 'is', 'true']]
|
[-0.1820221201516688, 0.0569463653024286, -0.11018859604373574, 0.03375525679827358, -0.06948434274333219, -0.10123168792730818, 0.03509090477600694, 0.28566831193165854, -0.31581837497651577, -0.19331168377927194, 0.1400441764233013, -0.27892358631749326, -0.16889798776828685, 0.20236027281110486, -0.07597061949005972, 0.0701129861564065, 0.036032851866912095, 0.09122354267165064, -0.0705187662737444, -0.32372832513453126, 0.3397167776711285, 0.04884962425470197, 0.17405996575641136, 0.07605105392382636, 0.1467733093847831, -0.010045347635120076, 0.055027804275353746, -0.042241424523914856, -0.14991747959793428, 0.13998065947865446, 0.18381124641746283, 0.11108608467814823, 0.2505030850569407, -0.3600431570628037, -0.1622317878413014, 0.1691828555582712, 0.09431266854517162, -0.041167463486393295, 0.019252211394875, -0.16806068698254725, 0.15060869799926876, -0.04920075341748695, -0.17681386456048737, 0.019708629278466106, 0.054445053722398974, 0.02974229019988949, -0.2954845428466797, 0.08983771319035441, 0.09018073827028275, 0.09797190375005206, -0.08136602986293534, -0.09521691306338956, -0.04448238244901101, 0.0390298156805026, 0.03940913147719887, 0.07504110364243388, 0.10831977403722703, -0.09958780736972889, -0.06593000468953202, 0.3487469636524717, -0.08705694898962975, -0.2512074070206533, 0.11049129852520613, -0.23418321361920486, -0.12568994009052403, 0.10505854922812433, 0.10229324780715009, 0.12913309082699317, -0.057836052402853964, 0.11252485706160466, -0.15628689324172834, 0.16952783574039737, 0.1339040430902969, -0.06516764573364829, 0.2629828479761879, 0.008299507666379213, 0.10231164367869497, 0.17756385072134434, -0.05281406152062118, -0.10243813701284428, -0.32672884296625854, -0.16919921773175398, -0.2587293413778146, 0.0870907579160606, -0.1706474251191442, -0.1977779047563672, 0.410870841704309, 0.06173500701164206, 0.24937247891599934, 0.16467816140502692, 0.24170029400847853, 0.1463568236057957, 0.0795048639488717, 0.11174551240850027, 0.19699353612959386, 0.1738756683267032, -0.004560303594917059, -0.18686974449859312, 0.06279301804800828, 0.15608912594616414]
|
1,803.09719
|
On the Importance of Stereo for Accurate Depth Estimation: An Efficient
Semi-Supervised Deep Neural Network Approach
|
We revisit the problem of visual depth estimation in the context of
autonomous vehicles. Despite the progress on monocular depth estimation in
recent years, we show that the gap between monocular and stereo depth accuracy
remains large$-$a particularly relevant result due to the prevalent reliance
upon monocular cameras by vehicles that are expected to be self-driving. We
argue that the challenges of removing this gap are significant, owing to
fundamental limitations of monocular vision. As a result, we focus our efforts
on depth estimation by stereo. We propose a novel semi-supervised learning
approach to training a deep stereo neural network, along with a novel
architecture containing a machine-learned argmax layer and a custom runtime
(that will be shared publicly) that enables a smaller version of our stereo DNN
to run on an embedded GPU. Competitive results are shown on the KITTI 2015
stereo dataset. We also evaluate the recent progress of stereo algorithms by
measuring the impact upon accuracy of various design criteria.
|
cs.CV
|
we revisit the problem of visual depth estimation in the context of autonomous vehicles despite the progress on monocular depth estimation in recent years we show that the gap between monocular and stereo depth accuracy remains largea particularly relevant result due to the prevalent reliance upon monocular cameras by vehicles that are expected to be selfdriving we argue that the challenges of removing this gap are significant owing to fundamental limitations of monocular vision as a result we focus our efforts on depth estimation by stereo we propose a novel semisupervised learning approach to training a deep stereo neural network along with a novel architecture containing a machinelearned argmax layer and a custom runtime that will be shared publicly that enables a smaller version of our stereo dnn to run on an embedded gpu competitive results are shown on the kitti 2015 stereo dataset we also evaluate the recent progress of stereo algorithms by measuring the impact upon accuracy of various design criteria
|
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|
[-0.08764099524473554, 0.03602445787299165, -0.04201833916359518, -0.01203891132712547, -0.11453952834415793, -0.1385792245991254, 0.02396658479458898, 0.4720113141222234, -0.24401604805278815, -0.37311896004719786, 0.08789926349539652, -0.26299395775879547, -0.19895014749622783, 0.23985044916440373, -0.2308477984164253, 0.13121494113044824, 0.23016826913012134, -0.0021418013947050265, -0.09492173068299661, -0.27296959535373044, 0.2730467830973169, 0.03460281029571436, 0.3142208860375764, 0.06760266844606015, 0.12326755806763708, 0.005464023399092486, -0.02465904748032978, 0.0058817081831887, -0.08210218704182924, 0.21515056549248635, 0.26299642141839846, 0.1940529252990989, 0.2973647122628461, -0.44525207288740376, -0.21953008214705996, 0.054973948384103785, 0.14663673374956143, 0.07682863426497606, -0.05719299406167463, -0.3793845984033463, 0.05662515546635159, -0.17114345160701477, -0.011545248138232649, -0.07839514537245904, 0.008929992791699485, -0.023751041754805968, -0.25346883885459576, 0.008038858067997062, 0.04020299460236097, 0.08900588140672071, -0.03297270178520606, -0.10098755769888682, 0.05534934639242232, 0.17224268083592043, 0.039414259862223286, 0.091812780209777, 0.11918234426322524, -0.22877018067637062, -0.12497290655787736, 0.35152966141746456, -0.06399952013051263, -0.13735771231764665, 0.21756129740148875, -0.014188348215667565, -0.16316512181349327, 0.0776159548253518, 0.24879531455769038, 0.10730212108100667, -0.1600851346338682, 0.03860027973105891, -0.07273896172517008, 0.18659425100620172, 0.042529956844743866, -0.01622066264857818, 0.18576941584334053, 0.29123845851860164, 0.10319535582229221, 0.11123302845324338, -0.19903571050516985, -0.03744428782535294, -0.19982419517805422, -0.10930775940822483, -0.19680433748061396, -0.05465535974584269, -0.07245940818187803, -0.12426520588695632, 0.372254558273254, 0.3127891576900347, 0.23471844354587282, 0.1011784344281647, 0.43197376414722094, 0.029689521715187815, 0.10611942101555553, 0.0934962993202034, 0.27125619239733767, -0.005992748198939339, 0.14046139981414826, -0.16851594046963825, 0.07408738038445498, 0.08691855733557119]
|
1,803.0972
|
CliCR: A Dataset of Clinical Case Reports for Machine Reading
Comprehension
|
We present a new dataset for machine comprehension in the medical domain. Our
dataset uses clinical case reports with around 100,000 gap-filling queries
about these cases. We apply several baselines and state-of-the-art neural
readers to the dataset, and observe a considerable gap in performance (20% F1)
between the best human and machine readers. We analyze the skills required for
successful answering and show how reader performance varies depending on the
applicable skills. We find that inferences using domain knowledge and object
tracking are the most frequently required skills, and that recognizing omitted
information and spatio-temporal reasoning are the most difficult for the
machines.
|
cs.CL
|
we present a new dataset for machine comprehension in the medical domain our dataset uses clinical case reports with around 100000 gapfilling queries about these cases we apply several baselines and stateoftheart neural readers to the dataset and observe a considerable gap in performance 20 f1 between the best human and machine readers we analyze the skills required for successful answering and show how reader performance varies depending on the applicable skills we find that inferences using domain knowledge and object tracking are the most frequently required skills and that recognizing omitted information and spatiotemporal reasoning are the most difficult for the machines
|
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|
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|
1,803.09721
|
Efficient algorithms to discover alterations with complementary
functional association in cancer
|
Recent large cancer studies have measured somatic alterations in an
unprecedented number of tumours. These large datasets allow the identification
of cancer-related sets of genetic alterations by identifying relevant
combinatorial patterns. Among such patterns, mutual exclusivity has been
employed by several recent methods that have shown its effectivenes in
characterizing gene sets associated to cancer. Mutual exclusivity arises
because of the complementarity, at the functional level, of alterations in
genes which are part of a group (e.g., a pathway) performing a given function.
The availability of quantitative target profiles, from genetic perturbations or
from clinical phenotypes, provides additional information that can be leveraged
to improve the identification of cancer related gene sets by discovering groups
with complementary functional associations with such targets.
In this work we study the problem of finding groups of mutually exclusive
alterations associated with a quantitative (functional) target. We propose a
combinatorial formulation for the problem, and prove that the associated
computation problem is computationally hard. We design two algorithms to solve
the problem and implement them in our tool UNCOVER. We provide analytic
evidence of the effectiveness of UNCOVER in finding high-quality solutions and
show experimentally that UNCOVER finds sets of alterations significantly
associated with functional targets in a variety of scenarios. In addition, our
algorithms are much faster than the state-of-the-art, allowing the analysis of
large datasets of thousands of target profiles from cancer cell lines. We show
that on one such dataset from project Achilles our methods identify several
significant gene sets with complementary functional associations with targets.
|
q-bio.QM
|
recent large cancer studies have measured somatic alterations in an unprecedented number of tumours these large datasets allow the identification of cancerrelated sets of genetic alterations by identifying relevant combinatorial patterns among such patterns mutual exclusivity has been employed by several recent methods that have shown its effectivenes in characterizing gene sets associated to cancer mutual exclusivity arises because of the complementarity at the functional level of alterations in genes which are part of a group eg a pathway performing a given function the availability of quantitative target profiles from genetic perturbations or from clinical phenotypes provides additional information that can be leveraged to improve the identification of cancer related gene sets by discovering groups with complementary functional associations with such targets in this work we study the problem of finding groups of mutually exclusive alterations associated with a quantitative functional target we propose a combinatorial formulation for the problem and prove that the associated computation problem is computationally hard we design two algorithms to solve the problem and implement them in our tool uncover we provide analytic evidence of the effectiveness of uncover in finding highquality solutions and show experimentally that uncover finds sets of alterations significantly associated with functional targets in a variety of scenarios in addition our algorithms are much faster than the stateoftheart allowing the analysis of large datasets of thousands of target profiles from cancer cell lines we show that on one such dataset from project achilles our methods identify several significant gene sets with complementary functional associations with targets
|
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|
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|
1,803.09722
|
3D Human Pose Estimation in the Wild by Adversarial Learning
|
Recently, remarkable advances have been achieved in 3D human pose estimation
from monocular images because of the powerful Deep Convolutional Neural
Networks (DCNNs). Despite their success on large-scale datasets collected in
the constrained lab environment, it is difficult to obtain the 3D pose
annotations for in-the-wild images. Therefore, 3D human pose estimation in the
wild is still a challenge. In this paper, we propose an adversarial learning
framework, which distills the 3D human pose structures learned from the fully
annotated dataset to in-the-wild images with only 2D pose annotations. Instead
of defining hard-coded rules to constrain the pose estimation results, we
design a novel multi-source discriminator to distinguish the predicted 3D poses
from the ground-truth, which helps to enforce the pose estimator to generate
anthropometrically valid poses even with images in the wild. We also observe
that a carefully designed information source for the discriminator is essential
to boost the performance. Thus, we design a geometric descriptor, which
computes the pairwise relative locations and distances between body joints, as
a new information source for the discriminator. The efficacy of our adversarial
learning framework with the new geometric descriptor has been demonstrated
through extensive experiments on widely used public benchmarks. Our approach
significantly improves the performance compared with previous state-of-the-art
approaches.
|
cs.CV
|
recently remarkable advances have been achieved in 3d human pose estimation from monocular images because of the powerful deep convolutional neural networks dcnns despite their success on largescale datasets collected in the constrained lab environment it is difficult to obtain the 3d pose annotations for inthewild images therefore 3d human pose estimation in the wild is still a challenge in this paper we propose an adversarial learning framework which distills the 3d human pose structures learned from the fully annotated dataset to inthewild images with only 2d pose annotations instead of defining hardcoded rules to constrain the pose estimation results we design a novel multisource discriminator to distinguish the predicted 3d poses from the groundtruth which helps to enforce the pose estimator to generate anthropometrically valid poses even with images in the wild we also observe that a carefully designed information source for the discriminator is essential to boost the performance thus we design a geometric descriptor which computes the pairwise relative locations and distances between body joints as a new information source for the discriminator the efficacy of our adversarial learning framework with the new geometric descriptor has been demonstrated through extensive experiments on widely used public benchmarks our approach significantly improves the performance compared with previous stateoftheart approaches
|
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|
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|
1,803.09723
|
Proton Colliders at the Energy Frontier
|
Since the CERN ISR, hadron colliders have defined the energy frontier.
Noteworthy are the conversion of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) into a
proton-antiproton collider, the Tevatron collider, as well as the abandoned SSC
in the United States. Hadron colliders are likely to determine the pace of
particle-physics progress also during the next hundred years. Discoveries at
past hadron colliders were essential for establishing the so-called Standard
Model of particle physics. The world's present flagship collider, the LHC,
including its high-luminosity upgrade HL-LHC, is set to operate through the
second half of the 2030's. Further increases of the energy reach during the
21st century require another, still more powerful hadron collider. Three
options for a next hadron collider are presently under investigation. The
Future Circular Collider (FCC) study, hosted by CERN, is designing a 100 TeV
collider, to be installed inside a new 100 km tunnel in the Lake Geneva basin.
A similar 100 km collider, called SppC, is being pursued by CAS-IHEP in China.
In either machine, for the first time in hadron storage rings, synchrotron
radiation damping will be significant. In parallel, the synchrotron-radiation
power emitted inside the cold magnets becomes an important design constraint.
One important difference between FCC and SppC is the magnet technology. FCC
uses 16 Tesla magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor, while SppC magnets shall
be realized with cables made from iron-based high-temperature superconductor.
Initially the SppC magnets are assumed to provide a more moderate dipole field
of 12 T, but they can later be pushed to a final ultimate field of 24 T. A
third collider presently under study is the High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC), which is
a higher energy collider in the existing LHC tunnel, exploiting the FCC magnet
technology in order to double the LHC energy at significantly higher
luminosity.
|
physics.acc-ph hep-ex
|
since the cern isr hadron colliders have defined the energy frontier noteworthy are the conversion of the super proton synchrotron sps into a protonantiproton collider the tevatron collider as well as the abandoned ssc in the united states hadron colliders are likely to determine the pace of particlephysics progress also during the next hundred years discoveries at past hadron colliders were essential for establishing the socalled standard model of particle physics the worlds present flagship collider the lhc including its highluminosity upgrade hllhc is set to operate through the second half of the 2030s further increases of the energy reach during the 21st century require another still more powerful hadron collider three options for a next hadron collider are presently under investigation the future circular collider fcc study hosted by cern is designing a 100 tev collider to be installed inside a new 100 km tunnel in the lake geneva basin a similar 100 km collider called sppc is being pursued by casihep in china in either machine for the first time in hadron storage rings synchrotron radiation damping will be significant in parallel the synchrotronradiation power emitted inside the cold magnets becomes an important design constraint one important difference between fcc and sppc is the magnet technology fcc uses 16 tesla magnets based on nb3sn superconductor while sppc magnets shall be realized with cables made from ironbased hightemperature superconductor initially the sppc magnets are assumed to provide a more moderate dipole field of 12 t but they can later be pushed to a final ultimate field of 24 t a third collider presently under study is the highenergy lhc helhc which is a higher energy collider in the existing lhc tunnel exploiting the fcc magnet technology in order to double the lhc energy at significantly higher luminosity
|
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|
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|
1,803.09724
|
ExoMol molecular line lists - XXVI: spectra of SH and NS
|
Line lists for the sulphur-containing molecules SH (the mercapto radical) and
NS are computed as part of the ExoMol project. These line lists consider
transitions within the $X$ ${}^2\Pi$ ground state for $^{32}$SH, $^{33}$SH,
$^{34}$SH and $^{\text{32}}$SD, and $^{14}$N$^{32}$S, $^{14}$N$^{33}$S,
$^{14}$N$^{34}$S, $^{14}$N$^{36}$S and $^{15}$N$^{32}$S. Ab initio potential
energy (PEC) and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) curves are computed and then
improved by fitting to experimentally observed transitions. Fully ab initio
dipole moment curves (DMCs) computed at high level of theory are used to
produce the final line lists. For SH, our fit gives a root-mean-square (rms)
error of 0.03 cm$^{-1}$ between the observed ($v_{\rm max}=4$, $J_{\rm max} =
34.5$) and calculated transitions wavenumbers; this is extrapolated such that
all $X$ $^2\Pi$ rotational-vibrational-electronic (rovibronic) bound states are
considered. For $^{\text{32}}$SH the resulting line list contains about 81000
transitions and 2300 rovibronic states, considering levels up to $v_{\rm max} =
14$ and $J_{\rm max} = 60.5$. For NS the refinement used a combination of
experimentally determined frequencies and energy levels and led to an rms
fitting error of 0.002 cm$^{-1}$. Each NS calculated line list includes around
2.8 million transitions and 31000 rovibronic states with a vibrational range up
to $v=53$ and rotational range to $J=235.5$, which covers up to 23000
cm$^{-1}$. Both line lists should be complete for temperatures up to 5000 K.
Example spectra simulated using this line list are shown and comparisons made
to the existing data in the CDMS database. The line lists are available from
the CDS (http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr) and ExoMol (www.exomol.com) data bases.
|
astro-ph.SR astro-ph.EP astro-ph.GA physics.chem-ph
|
line lists for the sulphurcontaining molecules sh the mercapto radical and ns are computed as part of the exomol project these line lists consider transitions within the x 2pi ground state for 32sh 33sh 34sh and text32sd and 14n32s 14n33s 14n34s 14n36s and 15n32s ab initio potential energy pec and spinorbit coupling soc curves are computed and then improved by fitting to experimentally observed transitions fully ab initio dipole moment curves dmcs computed at high level of theory are used to produce the final line lists for sh our fit gives a rootmeansquare rms error of 003 cm1 between the observed v_rm max4 j_rm max 345 and calculated transitions wavenumbers this is extrapolated such that all x 2pi rotationalvibrationalelectronic rovibronic bound states are considered for text32sh the resulting line list contains about 81000 transitions and 2300 rovibronic states considering levels up to v_rm max 14 and j_rm max 605 for ns the refinement used a combination of experimentally determined frequencies and energy levels and led to an rms fitting error of 0002 cm1 each ns calculated line list includes around 28 million transitions and 31000 rovibronic states with a vibrational range up to v53 and rotational range to j2355 which covers up to 23000 cm1 both line lists should be complete for temperatures up to 5000 k example spectra simulated using this line list are shown and comparisons made to the existing data in the cdms database the line lists are available from the cds httpcdsarcustrasbgfr and exomol wwwexomolcom data bases
|
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|
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|
1,803.09725
|
Correcting the Mistaken Identification of Nonequilibrium Microscopic
Work
|
The energy change dE_k for the kth microstate is erroneously equated with the
external work done on the microstate. It ignores the ubiquitous internal energy
change d_iW_k due to force imbalance between the internal and external forces.
We show that this contribution is present even in a reversible process, which
is a surprise. We show that the correct identification is dE_k=-dW_k, where
dW_k is the generalized work done by the microstate. We prove that the
thermodynamic average of the internal work gives dissipation and is not
captured by the external work. The latter effectively sets d_iW_k =0 and
results in no dissipation. Using dW_k to account for irreversibility, we obtain
a new work relation that works even for free expansion, where the Jarzynski
equality fails. In the new work relation, dW_k depends only on the energies of
the initial and final states and not on the actual process. This makes the new
relation very different from the Jarzynski equality. The correction has
far-reaching consequences and requires reassessment of current applications of
external work in theoretical physics.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
the energy change de_k for the kth microstate is erroneously equated with the external work done on the microstate it ignores the ubiquitous internal energy change d_iw_k due to force imbalance between the internal and external forces we show that this contribution is present even in a reversible process which is a surprise we show that the correct identification is de_kdw_k where dw_k is the generalized work done by the microstate we prove that the thermodynamic average of the internal work gives dissipation and is not captured by the external work the latter effectively sets d_iw_k 0 and results in no dissipation using dw_k to account for irreversibility we obtain a new work relation that works even for free expansion where the jarzynski equality fails in the new work relation dw_k depends only on the energies of the initial and final states and not on the actual process this makes the new relation very different from the jarzynski equality the correction has farreaching consequences and requires reassessment of current applications of external work in theoretical physics
|
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|
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|
1,803.09726
|
Neutron star merger GW170817 strongly constrains doubly coupled
bigravity
|
We study the implications of the recent detection of gravitational waves
emitted by a pair of merging neutron stars and their electromagnetic
counterpart, events GW170817 and GRB170817A, on the viability of the doubly
coupled bimetric models of cosmic evolution, where the two metrics couple
directly to matter through a composite, effective metric. We demonstrate that
the bounds on the speed of gravitational waves place strong constraints on the
doubly coupled models, forcing either the two metrics to be proportional at the
background level or the models to become singly coupled. Proportional
backgrounds are particularly interesting as they provide stable cosmological
solutions with phenomenologies equivalent to that of $\Lambda$CDM at the
background level as well as for linear perturbations, while nonlinearities are
expected to show deviations from the standard model.
|
astro-ph.CO gr-qc hep-th
|
we study the implications of the recent detection of gravitational waves emitted by a pair of merging neutron stars and their electromagnetic counterpart events gw170817 and grb170817a on the viability of the doubly coupled bimetric models of cosmic evolution where the two metrics couple directly to matter through a composite effective metric we demonstrate that the bounds on the speed of gravitational waves place strong constraints on the doubly coupled models forcing either the two metrics to be proportional at the background level or the models to become singly coupled proportional backgrounds are particularly interesting as they provide stable cosmological solutions with phenomenologies equivalent to that of lambdacdm at the background level as well as for linear perturbations while nonlinearities are expected to show deviations from the standard model
|
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|
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|
1,803.09727
|
Alignment-Free Sequence Analysis and Applications
|
Genome and metagenome comparisons based on large amounts of next-generation
sequencing (NGS) data pose significant challenges for alignment-based
approaches due to the huge data size and the relatively short length of the
reads. Alignment-free approaches based on the counts of word patterns in NGS
data do not depend on the complete genome and are generally computationally
efficient. Thus, they contribute significantly to genome and metagenome
comparison. Recently, novel statistical approaches have been developed for the
comparison of both long and shotgun sequences. These approaches have been
applied to many problems including the comparison of gene regulatory regions,
genome sequences, metagenomes, binning contigs in metagenomic data,
identification of virus-host interactions, and detection of horizontal gene
transfers. We provide an updated review of these applications and other related
developments of word-count based approaches for alignment-free sequence
analysis.
|
q-bio.QM q-bio.GN
|
genome and metagenome comparisons based on large amounts of nextgeneration sequencing ngs data pose significant challenges for alignmentbased approaches due to the huge data size and the relatively short length of the reads alignmentfree approaches based on the counts of word patterns in ngs data do not depend on the complete genome and are generally computationally efficient thus they contribute significantly to genome and metagenome comparison recently novel statistical approaches have been developed for the comparison of both long and shotgun sequences these approaches have been applied to many problems including the comparison of gene regulatory regions genome sequences metagenomes binning contigs in metagenomic data identification of virushost interactions and detection of horizontal gene transfers we provide an updated review of these applications and other related developments of wordcount based approaches for alignmentfree sequence analysis
|
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|
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|
1,803.09728
|
On the search for Galactic supernova remnant PeVatrons with current TeV
instruments
|
The supernova remnant hypothesis for the origin of Galactic cosmic rays has
passed several tests, but the firm identification of a supernova remnant
pevatron, considered to be a decisive step to prove the hypothesis, is still
missing. While a lot of hope has been placed in next-generation instruments
operating in the multi-TeV range, it is possible that current gamma-ray
instruments, operating in the TeV range, could pinpoint these objects or, most
likely, identify a number of promising targets for instruments of next
generation. Starting from the assumption that supernova remnants are indeed the
sources of Galactic cosmic rays, and therefore must be pevatrons for some
fraction of their lifetime, we investigate the ability of current instruments
to detect such objects, or to identify the most promising candidates.
|
astro-ph.HE
|
the supernova remnant hypothesis for the origin of galactic cosmic rays has passed several tests but the firm identification of a supernova remnant pevatron considered to be a decisive step to prove the hypothesis is still missing while a lot of hope has been placed in nextgeneration instruments operating in the multitev range it is possible that current gammaray instruments operating in the tev range could pinpoint these objects or most likely identify a number of promising targets for instruments of next generation starting from the assumption that supernova remnants are indeed the sources of galactic cosmic rays and therefore must be pevatrons for some fraction of their lifetime we investigate the ability of current instruments to detect such objects or to identify the most promising candidates
|
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|
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|
1,803.09729
|
From nonlocal to local Cahn-Hilliard equation
|
In this paper we prove the convergence of a nonlocal version of the
Cahn-Hilliard equation to its local counterpart as the nonlocal convolution
kernel is scaled using suitable approximations of a Dirac delta in a periodic
boundary conditions setting. This convergence result strongly relies on the
dynamics of the problem. More precisely, the $H^{-1}$-gradient flow structure
of the equation allows to deduce uniform $H^1$ estimates for solutions of the
nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equation and, together with a Poincar\'e type inequality
by Ponce, provides the compactness argument that allows to prove the
convergence result.
|
math.AP
|
in this paper we prove the convergence of a nonlocal version of the cahnhilliard equation to its local counterpart as the nonlocal convolution kernel is scaled using suitable approximations of a dirac delta in a periodic boundary conditions setting this convergence result strongly relies on the dynamics of the problem more precisely the h1gradient flow structure of the equation allows to deduce uniform h1 estimates for solutions of the nonlocal cahnhilliard equation and together with a poincare type inequality by ponce provides the compactness argument that allows to prove the convergence result
|
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|
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|
1,803.0973
|
Resilient Active Information Gathering with Mobile Robots
|
Applications of safety, security, and rescue in robotics, such as multi-robot
target tracking, involve the execution of information acquisition tasks by
teams of mobile robots. However, in failure-prone or adversarial environments,
robots get attacked, their communication channels get jammed, and their sensors
may fail, resulting in the withdrawal of robots from the collective task, and
consequently the inability of the remaining active robots to coordinate with
each other. As a result, traditional design paradigms become insufficient and,
in contrast, resilient designs against system-wide failures and attacks become
important. In general, resilient design problems are hard, and even though they
often involve objective functions that are monotone or submodular, scalable
approximation algorithms for their solution have been hitherto unknown. In this
paper, we provide the first algorithm, enabling the following capabilities:
minimal communication, i.e., the algorithm is executed by the robots based only
on minimal communication between them; system-wide resiliency, i.e., the
algorithm is valid for any number of denial-of-service attacks and failures;
and provable approximation performance, i.e., the algorithm ensures for all
monotone (and not necessarily submodular) objective functions a solution that
is finitely close to the optimal. We quantify our algorithm's approximation
performance using a notion of curvature for monotone set functions. We support
our theoretical analyses with simulated and real-world experiments, by
considering an active information gathering scenario, namely, multi-robot
target tracking.
|
cs.RO cs.MA math.OC stat.AP stat.ML
|
applications of safety security and rescue in robotics such as multirobot target tracking involve the execution of information acquisition tasks by teams of mobile robots however in failureprone or adversarial environments robots get attacked their communication channels get jammed and their sensors may fail resulting in the withdrawal of robots from the collective task and consequently the inability of the remaining active robots to coordinate with each other as a result traditional design paradigms become insufficient and in contrast resilient designs against systemwide failures and attacks become important in general resilient design problems are hard and even though they often involve objective functions that are monotone or submodular scalable approximation algorithms for their solution have been hitherto unknown in this paper we provide the first algorithm enabling the following capabilities minimal communication ie the algorithm is executed by the robots based only on minimal communication between them systemwide resiliency ie the algorithm is valid for any number of denialofservice attacks and failures and provable approximation performance ie the algorithm ensures for all monotone and not necessarily submodular objective functions a solution that is finitely close to the optimal we quantify our algorithms approximation performance using a notion of curvature for monotone set functions we support our theoretical analyses with simulated and realworld experiments by considering an active information gathering scenario namely multirobot target tracking
|
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|
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|
1,803.09731
|
Lessons from HAWC PWNe observations: the diffusion constant is not a
constant; Pulsars remain the likeliest sources of the anomalous positron
fraction; Cosmic rays are trapped for long periods of time in pockets of
inefficient diffusion
|
Recent TeV observations of nearby pulsars with the HAWC telescope have been
interpreted as evidence that the diffusion of high-energy electrons and
positrons within pulsar wind nebulae is highly inefficient compared to the rest
of the interstellar medium. If the diffusion coefficient well outside the
nebula is close to the value inferred for the region inside the nebula,
high-energy electrons and positrons produced by the two observed pulsars could
not contribute significantly to the local measured cosmic-ray flux. The HAWC
Collaboration thus concluded that, under the assumption of isotropic and
homogeneous diffusion, the two pulsars are ruled out as sources of the
anomalous high-energy positron flux. Here, we argue that since the diffusion
coefficient is likely not spatially homogeneous, the assumption leading to this
conclusion is flawed. We solve the diffusion equation with a radially dependent
diffusion coefficient, and show that the pulsars observed by HAWC produce
potentially perfect matches to the observed high-energy positron fluxes. We
also study the implications of inefficient diffusion within pulsar wind nebulae
on Galactic scales, and show that cosmic rays are likely to have very long
residence times in regions of inefficient diffusion. We describe how this
prediction can be tested with studies of the diffuse Galactic emission.
|
astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA hep-ph
|
recent tev observations of nearby pulsars with the hawc telescope have been interpreted as evidence that the diffusion of highenergy electrons and positrons within pulsar wind nebulae is highly inefficient compared to the rest of the interstellar medium if the diffusion coefficient well outside the nebula is close to the value inferred for the region inside the nebula highenergy electrons and positrons produced by the two observed pulsars could not contribute significantly to the local measured cosmicray flux the hawc collaboration thus concluded that under the assumption of isotropic and homogeneous diffusion the two pulsars are ruled out as sources of the anomalous highenergy positron flux here we argue that since the diffusion coefficient is likely not spatially homogeneous the assumption leading to this conclusion is flawed we solve the diffusion equation with a radially dependent diffusion coefficient and show that the pulsars observed by hawc produce potentially perfect matches to the observed highenergy positron fluxes we also study the implications of inefficient diffusion within pulsar wind nebulae on galactic scales and show that cosmic rays are likely to have very long residence times in regions of inefficient diffusion we describe how this prediction can be tested with studies of the diffuse galactic emission
|
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|
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|
1,803.09732
|
Ground-state properties of dilute Bose systems with synthetic dispersion
laws
|
Experimental advances in synthesizing spin-orbit couplings in cold atomic
Bose gases promise to create single-particle dispersion laws featuring energy
minima that are degenerate on a ring or a sphere in momentum space. We show
that for arbitrary space dimensionality the ground-state properties of a dilute
system of spin-orbit coupled Bose particles with such dispersion and
short-range repulsive interactions are universal: the chemical potential
exhibits a quadratic dependence on the particle density as found in a
one-dimensional free Fermi gas.
|
cond-mat.quant-gas
|
experimental advances in synthesizing spinorbit couplings in cold atomic bose gases promise to create singleparticle dispersion laws featuring energy minima that are degenerate on a ring or a sphere in momentum space we show that for arbitrary space dimensionality the groundstate properties of a dilute system of spinorbit coupled bose particles with such dispersion and shortrange repulsive interactions are universal the chemical potential exhibits a quadratic dependence on the particle density as found in a onedimensional free fermi gas
|
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|
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|
1,803.09733
|
Domain transfer convolutional attribute embedding
|
In this paper, we study the problem of transfer learning with the attribute
data. In the transfer learning problem, we want to leverage the data of the
auxiliary and the target domains to build an effective model for the
classification problem in the target domain. Meanwhile, the attributes are
naturally stable cross different domains. This strongly motives us to learn
effective domain transfer attribute representations. To this end, we proposed
to embed the attributes of the data to a common space by using the powerful
convolutional neural network (CNN) model. The convolutional representations of
the data points are mapped to the corresponding attributes so that they can be
effective embedding of the attributes. We also represent the data of different
domains by a domain-independent CNN, ant a domain-specific CNN, and combine
their outputs with the attribute embedding to build the classification model.
An joint learning framework is constructed to minimize the classification
errors, the attribute mapping error, the mismatching of the domain-independent
representations cross different domains, and to encourage the the neighborhood
smoothness of representations in the target domain. The minimization problem is
solved by an iterative algorithm based on gradient descent. Experiments over
benchmark data sets of person re-identification, bankruptcy prediction, and
spam email detection, show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
|
cs.LG stat.ML
|
in this paper we study the problem of transfer learning with the attribute data in the transfer learning problem we want to leverage the data of the auxiliary and the target domains to build an effective model for the classification problem in the target domain meanwhile the attributes are naturally stable cross different domains this strongly motives us to learn effective domain transfer attribute representations to this end we proposed to embed the attributes of the data to a common space by using the powerful convolutional neural network cnn model the convolutional representations of the data points are mapped to the corresponding attributes so that they can be effective embedding of the attributes we also represent the data of different domains by a domainindependent cnn ant a domainspecific cnn and combine their outputs with the attribute embedding to build the classification model an joint learning framework is constructed to minimize the classification errors the attribute mapping error the mismatching of the domainindependent representations cross different domains and to encourage the the neighborhood smoothness of representations in the target domain the minimization problem is solved by an iterative algorithm based on gradient descent experiments over benchmark data sets of person reidentification bankruptcy prediction and spam email detection show the effectiveness of the proposed method
|
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|
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|
1,803.09734
|
Early-Universe Constraints on Dark Matter-Baryon Scattering and their
Implications for a Global 21cm Signal
|
We present and compare several cosmological constraints on the cross section
for elastic scattering between dark matter (DM) and baryons, for cross sections
with a range of power-law dependences on the DM-baryon relative velocity $v$,
especially focusing on the case of $\sigma \propto v^{-4}$. We study
constraints spanning a wide range of epochs in cosmological history, from
pre-recombination distortions to the blackbody spectrum and anisotropies of the
cosmic microwave background (CMB), to modifications to the intergalactic medium
temperature and the resulting 21cm signal, and discuss the allowed signals in
the latter channels given the constraints from the former. We improve previous
constraints on DM-baryon scattering from the CMB anisotropies, demonstrate via
principal component analysis that the effect on the CMB can be written as a
simple function of DM mass, and map out the redshifts dominating this signal.
We show that given high-redshift constraints on DM-baryon scattering, a
$v^{-4}$ scaling of the cross section for light DM would be sufficient to
explain the deep 21cm absorption trough recently claimed by the EDGES
experiment, if 100% of the DM scatters with baryons. For millicharged DM models
proposed to explain the observation, where only a small fraction of the DM
interacts, we estimate that a PIXIE-like future experiment measuring CMB
spectral distortion could test the relevant parameter space.
|
astro-ph.CO hep-ph
|
we present and compare several cosmological constraints on the cross section for elastic scattering between dark matter dm and baryons for cross sections with a range of powerlaw dependences on the dmbaryon relative velocity v especially focusing on the case of sigma propto v4 we study constraints spanning a wide range of epochs in cosmological history from prerecombination distortions to the blackbody spectrum and anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background cmb to modifications to the intergalactic medium temperature and the resulting 21cm signal and discuss the allowed signals in the latter channels given the constraints from the former we improve previous constraints on dmbaryon scattering from the cmb anisotropies demonstrate via principal component analysis that the effect on the cmb can be written as a simple function of dm mass and map out the redshifts dominating this signal we show that given highredshift constraints on dmbaryon scattering a v4 scaling of the cross section for light dm would be sufficient to explain the deep 21cm absorption trough recently claimed by the edges experiment if 100 of the dm scatters with baryons for millicharged dm models proposed to explain the observation where only a small fraction of the dm interacts we estimate that a pixielike future experiment measuring cmb spectral distortion could test the relevant parameter space
|
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|
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|
1,803.09735
|
A Scalable Empirical Bayes Approach to Variable Selection in Generalized
Linear Models
|
A new empirical Bayes approach to variable selection in the context of
generalized linear models is developed. The proposed algorithm scales to
situations in which the number of putative explanatory variables is very large,
possibly much larger than the number of responses. The coefficients in the
linear predictor are modeled as a three-component mixture allowing the
explanatory variables to have a random positive effect on the response, a
random negative effect, or no effect. A key assumption is that only a small
(but unknown) fraction of the candidate variables have a non-zero effect. This
assumption, in addition to treating the coefficients as random effects
facilitates an approach that is computationally efficient. In particular, the
number of parameters that have to be estimated is small, and remains constant
regardless of the number of explanatory variables. The model parameters are
estimated using a Generalized Alternating Maximization algorithm which is
scalable, and leads to significantly faster convergence compared with
simulation-based fully Bayesian methods.
|
stat.ME
|
a new empirical bayes approach to variable selection in the context of generalized linear models is developed the proposed algorithm scales to situations in which the number of putative explanatory variables is very large possibly much larger than the number of responses the coefficients in the linear predictor are modeled as a threecomponent mixture allowing the explanatory variables to have a random positive effect on the response a random negative effect or no effect a key assumption is that only a small but unknown fraction of the candidate variables have a nonzero effect this assumption in addition to treating the coefficients as random effects facilitates an approach that is computationally efficient in particular the number of parameters that have to be estimated is small and remains constant regardless of the number of explanatory variables the model parameters are estimated using a generalized alternating maximization algorithm which is scalable and leads to significantly faster convergence compared with simulationbased fully bayesian methods
|
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|
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|
1,803.09736
|
Antigravity from a spacetime defect
|
We argue that there may exist spacetime defects embedded in Minkowski
spacetime, which have negative active gravitational mass. One such spacetime
defect then repels a test particle, corresponding to what may be called
"antigravity."
|
gr-qc hep-th
|
we argue that there may exist spacetime defects embedded in minkowski spacetime which have negative active gravitational mass one such spacetime defect then repels a test particle corresponding to what may be called antigravity
|
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|
[-0.12302276640034773, 0.2489483852918698, -0.11977419837871019, 0.17310147839324438, -0.11138200903694857, -0.22405288112349808, -0.06942380653858624, 0.3633219597532469, -0.16716540418565273, -0.2603506050620447, 0.06596550036920235, -0.2681633344687083, -0.16109633944271243, 0.08172779043054428, -0.07366021964972948, -0.05078537095173755, -0.03264481561970623, 0.08626287400393802, -0.051614743814913225, -0.2208130280213321, 0.37359191718346935, 0.03658113330054809, 0.21115648141130805, 0.03182111368240679, 0.10791325854027972, -0.06840732356752544, 0.011601233704234748, 0.13679484080742388, -0.1433420852496484, 0.016607151777647874, 0.2490908150177668, 0.13756760965813608, 0.23591702617020072, -0.4498708356610116, -0.26816341324764137, 0.18684310120913913, 0.22993623368058572, 0.1576714689453023, -0.1618174100842546, -0.2796813827555846, 0.08591728201752309, -0.1384698404957924, -0.17406318202505217, -0.0060166530311107635, 0.044829084537923336, -0.1100102259147474, -0.17310907593106523, 0.07819760540459196, 0.0698605144451208, -0.060673733022721374, -0.0864514138768701, -0.02448527988813379, -0.08077186455621439, 0.04487099461531376, 0.12382567750618738, 0.07357899784384404, 0.23727060905109873, -0.03261524581295602, -0.1399179530905231, 0.38760322672041025, -0.006265250267460942, -0.3004460153854726, 0.19495595676605315, -0.1767158662859241, -0.139934335670927, 0.13058111619423418, 0.18719227524364696, 0.08118896546554477, -0.11811389220768914, 0.10936257982736125, -0.04448034881395014, 0.1485439127256327, 0.21055324937162154, 0.06931885338717085, 0.3781911101301803, 0.04701019703711876, 0.07609362881767619, 0.0653139895396581, -0.05404402907280361, -0.08923666842062683, -0.3596864645095432, -0.20976207747726755, -0.17776871358236188, 0.1398004101972808, -0.16097377747406855, -0.2482448685229482, 0.25406958757187514, 0.1345859675134039, 0.10353862023090615, -0.09935659027370788, 0.17049254712593906, 0.07833413823220112, 0.0932843074312105, 0.12648708482875543, 0.32621339577085834, 0.023817221332779703, 0.06285543334396447, -0.14367190972895033, -0.06453417296357014, 0.07258928361732293]
|
1,803.09737
|
DJAM: distributed Jacobi asynchronous method for learning personal
models
|
Processing data collected by a network of agents often boils down to solving
an optimization problem. The distributed nature of these problems calls for
methods that are, themselves, distributed. While most collaborative learning
problems require agents to reach a common (or consensus) model, there are
situations in which the consensus solution may not be optimal. For instance,
agents may want to reach a compromise between agreeing with their neighbors and
minimizing a personal loss function. We present DJAM, a Jacobi-like distributed
algorithm for learning personalized models. This method is
implementation-friendly: it has no hyperparameters that need tuning, it is
asynchronous, and its updates only require single-neighbor interactions. We
prove that DJAM converges with probability one to the solution, provided that
the personal loss functions are strongly convex and have Lipschitz gradient. We
then give evidence that DJAM is on par with state-of-the-art methods: our
method reaches a solution with error similar to the error of a carefully tuned
ADMM in about the same number of single-neighbor interactions.
|
cs.LG cs.DC stat.ML
|
processing data collected by a network of agents often boils down to solving an optimization problem the distributed nature of these problems calls for methods that are themselves distributed while most collaborative learning problems require agents to reach a common or consensus model there are situations in which the consensus solution may not be optimal for instance agents may want to reach a compromise between agreeing with their neighbors and minimizing a personal loss function we present djam a jacobilike distributed algorithm for learning personalized models this method is implementationfriendly it has no hyperparameters that need tuning it is asynchronous and its updates only require singleneighbor interactions we prove that djam converges with probability one to the solution provided that the personal loss functions are strongly convex and have lipschitz gradient we then give evidence that djam is on par with stateoftheart methods our method reaches a solution with error similar to the error of a carefully tuned admm in about the same number of singleneighbor interactions
|
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|
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|
1,803.09738
|
Note on the truncated generalizations of Gauss' square exponent theorem
|
In this note, we investigate J.-C. Liu's work on truncated Gauss' square
exponent theorem and obtain more truncations. We also discuss some possible
multiple summation extensions of Liu's results.
|
math.NT
|
in this note we investigate jc lius work on truncated gauss square exponent theorem and obtain more truncations we also discuss some possible multiple summation extensions of lius results
|
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|
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|
1,803.09739
|
Too Hot, Too Cold or Just Right? Implications of a 21-cm Signal for Dark
Matter Annihilation and Decay
|
Measurements of the temperature of the baryons at the end of the cosmic dark
ages can potentially set very precise constraints on energy injection from
exotic sources, such as annihilation or decay of the dark matter. However,
additional effects that lower the gas temperature can substantially weaken the
expected constraints on exotic energy injection, whereas additional radiation
backgrounds can conceal the effect of an increased gas temperature in
measurements of the 21-cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen. Motivated
in part by recent claims of a detection of 21-cm absorption from a redshift of
17 by the EDGES experiment, we derive the constraints on dark matter
annihilation and decay that can be placed in the presence of extra radiation
backgrounds or effects that modify the gas temperature, such as dark
matter-baryon scattering and early baryon-photon decoupling. We find that if
the EDGES observation is confirmed, then constraints on light dark matter
decaying or annihilating to electrons will in most scenarios be stronger than
existing state-of-the-art limits from the cosmic microwave background,
potentially by several orders of magnitude. More generally, our results allow
mapping any future measurement of the global 21-cm signal into constraints on
dark matter annihilation and decay, within the broad range of scenarios we
consider.
|
astro-ph.CO hep-ph
|
measurements of the temperature of the baryons at the end of the cosmic dark ages can potentially set very precise constraints on energy injection from exotic sources such as annihilation or decay of the dark matter however additional effects that lower the gas temperature can substantially weaken the expected constraints on exotic energy injection whereas additional radiation backgrounds can conceal the effect of an increased gas temperature in measurements of the 21cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen motivated in part by recent claims of a detection of 21cm absorption from a redshift of 17 by the edges experiment we derive the constraints on dark matter annihilation and decay that can be placed in the presence of extra radiation backgrounds or effects that modify the gas temperature such as dark matterbaryon scattering and early baryonphoton decoupling we find that if the edges observation is confirmed then constraints on light dark matter decaying or annihilating to electrons will in most scenarios be stronger than existing stateoftheart limits from the cosmic microwave background potentially by several orders of magnitude more generally our results allow mapping any future measurement of the global 21cm signal into constraints on dark matter annihilation and decay within the broad range of scenarios we consider
|
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|
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|
1,803.0974
|
Comparison of local density functionals based on electron gas and finite
systems
|
A widely used approximation to the exchange-correlation functional in density
functional theory is the local density approximation (LDA), typically derived
from the properties of the homogeneous electron gas (HEG). We previously
introduced a set of alternative LDAs constructed from one-dimensional systems
of one, two, and three electrons that resemble the HEG within a finite region.
We now construct a HEG-based LDA appropriate for spinless electrons in one
dimension and find that it is remarkably similar to the finite LDAs. As
expected, all LDAs are inadequate in low-density systems where correlation is
strong. However, exploring the small but significant differences between the
functionals, we find that the finite LDAs give better densities and energies in
high-density exchange-dominated systems, arising partly from a better
description of the self-interaction correction.
|
cond-mat.other physics.chem-ph
|
a widely used approximation to the exchangecorrelation functional in density functional theory is the local density approximation lda typically derived from the properties of the homogeneous electron gas heg we previously introduced a set of alternative ldas constructed from onedimensional systems of one two and three electrons that resemble the heg within a finite region we now construct a hegbased lda appropriate for spinless electrons in one dimension and find that it is remarkably similar to the finite ldas as expected all ldas are inadequate in lowdensity systems where correlation is strong however exploring the small but significant differences between the functionals we find that the finite ldas give better densities and energies in highdensity exchangedominated systems arising partly from a better description of the selfinteraction correction
|
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|
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|
1,803.09741
|
The Poisson bracket invariant on surfaces
|
We study the Poisson bracket invariant, which measures the level of Poisson
noncommutativity of a smooth partition of unity, on closed symplectic surfaces.
Motivated by a general conjecture of Polterovich and building on preliminary
work of Buhovsky--Tanny, we prove that for any smooth partition of unity
subordinate to an open cover by discs of area at most $c$, and under some
localization condition on the cover when the surface is a sphere, then the
product of the Poisson bracket invariant with $c$ is bounded from below by a
universal constant. Similar results were obtained recently by
Buhovsky--Logunov--Tanny for open covers consisting of displaceable sets on all
closed surfaces, and their approach was extended by Shi--Lu to open covers by
nondisplaceable discs. We investigate the sharpness of all these results.
|
math.SG
|
we study the poisson bracket invariant which measures the level of poisson noncommutativity of a smooth partition of unity on closed symplectic surfaces motivated by a general conjecture of polterovich and building on preliminary work of buhovskytanny we prove that for any smooth partition of unity subordinate to an open cover by discs of area at most c and under some localization condition on the cover when the surface is a sphere then the product of the poisson bracket invariant with c is bounded from below by a universal constant similar results were obtained recently by buhovskylogunovtanny for open covers consisting of displaceable sets on all closed surfaces and their approach was extended by shilu to open covers by nondisplaceable discs we investigate the sharpness of all these results
|
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|
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|
1,803.09742
|
Origin of Mott insulating behavior and superconductivity in twisted
bilayer graphene
|
A remarkable recent experiment has observed Mott insulator and proximate
superconductor phases in twisted bilayer graphene when electrons partly fill a
nearly flat mini-band that arises a `magic' twist angle. However, the nature of
the Mott insulator, origin of superconductivity and an effective low energy
model remain to be determined. We propose a Mott insulator with intervalley
coherence that spontaneously breaks U(1) valley symmetry, and describe a
mechanism that selects this order over the competing magnetically ordered
states favored by the Hunds coupling. We also identify symmetry related
features of the nearly flat band that are key to understanding the strong
correlation physics and constrain any tight binding description. First,
although the charge density is concentrated on the triangular lattice sites of
the moir$\text{\'e }$ pattern, the Wannier states of the tight-binding model
must be centered on different sites which form a honeycomb lattice. Next,
spatially localizing electrons derived from the nearly flat band necessarily
breaks valley and other symmetries within any mean-field treatment, which is
suggestive of a valley-ordered Mott state, and also dictates that additional
symmetry breaking is present to remove symmetry-enforced band contacts.
Tight-binding models describing the nearly flat mini-band are derived, which
highlight the importance of further neighbor hopping and interactions. We
discuss consequences of this picture for superconducting states obtained on
doping the valley ordered Mott insulator. We show how important features of the
experimental phenomenology may be explained and suggest a number of further
experiments for the future. We also describe a model for correlated states in
trilayer graphene heterostructures and contrast it with the bilayer case.
|
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.supr-con
|
a remarkable recent experiment has observed mott insulator and proximate superconductor phases in twisted bilayer graphene when electrons partly fill a nearly flat miniband that arises a magic twist angle however the nature of the mott insulator origin of superconductivity and an effective low energy model remain to be determined we propose a mott insulator with intervalley coherence that spontaneously breaks u1 valley symmetry and describe a mechanism that selects this order over the competing magnetically ordered states favored by the hunds coupling we also identify symmetry related features of the nearly flat band that are key to understanding the strong correlation physics and constrain any tight binding description first although the charge density is concentrated on the triangular lattice sites of the moirtexte pattern the wannier states of the tightbinding model must be centered on different sites which form a honeycomb lattice next spatially localizing electrons derived from the nearly flat band necessarily breaks valley and other symmetries within any meanfield treatment which is suggestive of a valleyordered mott state and also dictates that additional symmetry breaking is present to remove symmetryenforced band contacts tightbinding models describing the nearly flat miniband are derived which highlight the importance of further neighbor hopping and interactions we discuss consequences of this picture for superconducting states obtained on doping the valley ordered mott insulator we show how important features of the experimental phenomenology may be explained and suggest a number of further experiments for the future we also describe a model for correlated states in trilayer graphene heterostructures and contrast it with the bilayer case
|
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|
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|
1,803.09743
|
Non-minimally Coupled Pseudoscalar Inflaton
|
We consider a scenario in which the inflaton $\phi$ is a pseudoscalar field
non-minimally coupled to gravity through a term of the form ${\cal X} R
\phi^2$. The pseudoscalar is also coupled to a $U(1)$ gauge field (or an
ensemble of ${\cal N}$ gauge fields) through an axial coupling of the form
$\phi F \tilde{F}$. After M. M. Anber and L. Sorbo, Phys. Rev. D 81, 043534
(2010), Ref. [1], it is well known that this axial coupling leads to a
production of gauge particles which acts as a friction term in the dynamics of
the inflaton, producing a slow-roll regime even in presence of a steep
potential. A remarkable result in this scenario, is that the spectrum of the
chiral gravitational waves sourced by the scalar-gauge field interplay can be
enhanced due to the non-minimal coupling with gravity, leading to measurable
signatures, while maintaining agreement with current observational constraints
on $n_s$ and $r$. The inclusion of non-minimal coupling could be helpful to
alleviate tensions with non-Gaussianity bounds in models including axial
couplings.
|
astro-ph.CO gr-qc hep-ph
|
we consider a scenario in which the inflaton phi is a pseudoscalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity through a term of the form cal x r phi2 the pseudoscalar is also coupled to a u1 gauge field or an ensemble of cal n gauge fields through an axial coupling of the form phi f tildef after m m anber and l sorbo phys rev d 81 043534 2010 ref 1 it is well known that this axial coupling leads to a production of gauge particles which acts as a friction term in the dynamics of the inflaton producing a slowroll regime even in presence of a steep potential a remarkable result in this scenario is that the spectrum of the chiral gravitational waves sourced by the scalargauge field interplay can be enhanced due to the nonminimal coupling with gravity leading to measurable signatures while maintaining agreement with current observational constraints on n_s and r the inclusion of nonminimal coupling could be helpful to alleviate tensions with nongaussianity bounds in models including axial couplings
|
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|
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|
1,803.09744
|
On the Formation and Properties of Fluid Shocks and Collisionless Shock
Waves in Astrophysical Plasmas
|
When two plasmas collide, their interaction can be mediated by collisionless
plasma instabilities or binary collisions between particles of each shell. By
comparing the maximum growth rate of the collisionless instabilities with the
collision frequency between particles of the shells, we determine the critical
density separating the collisionless formation from the collisional formation
of the resulting shock waves. This critical density is also the density beyond
which the shock downstream is field free, as plasma instabilities do not have
time to develop electromagnetic patterns. We further determine the conditions
on the shells initial density and velocity for the downstream to be
collisional. If these quantities fulfill the determined conditions, the
collisionality of the downstream also prevents the shock from accelerating
particles or generating strong magnetic fields. We compare the speed of sound
with the relative speed of collision between the two shells, thus determining
the portion of the parameters space where strong shock formation is possible
for both classical and degenerate plasmas. Finally, we discuss the
observational consequences in several astrophysical settings.
|
physics.plasm-ph astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR physics.space-ph
|
when two plasmas collide their interaction can be mediated by collisionless plasma instabilities or binary collisions between particles of each shell by comparing the maximum growth rate of the collisionless instabilities with the collision frequency between particles of the shells we determine the critical density separating the collisionless formation from the collisional formation of the resulting shock waves this critical density is also the density beyond which the shock downstream is field free as plasma instabilities do not have time to develop electromagnetic patterns we further determine the conditions on the shells initial density and velocity for the downstream to be collisional if these quantities fulfill the determined conditions the collisionality of the downstream also prevents the shock from accelerating particles or generating strong magnetic fields we compare the speed of sound with the relative speed of collision between the two shells thus determining the portion of the parameters space where strong shock formation is possible for both classical and degenerate plasmas finally we discuss the observational consequences in several astrophysical settings
|
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|
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|
1,803.09745
|
English verb regularization in books and tweets
|
The English language has evolved dramatically throughout its lifespan, to the
extent that a modern speaker of Old English would be incomprehensible without
translation. One concrete indicator of this process is the movement from
irregular to regular (-ed) forms for the past tense of verbs. In this study we
quantify the extent of verb regularization using two vastly disparate datasets:
(1) Six years of published books scanned by Google (2003--2008), and (2) A
decade of social media messages posted to Twitter (2008--2017). We find that
the extent of verb regularization is greater on Twitter, taken as a whole, than
in English Fiction books. Regularization is also greater for tweets geotagged
in the United States relative to American English books, but the opposite is
true for tweets geotagged in the United Kingdom relative to British English
books. We also find interesting regional variations in regularization across
counties in the United States. However, once differences in population are
accounted for, we do not identify strong correlations with socio-demographic
variables such as education or income.
|
cs.CL physics.soc-ph
|
the english language has evolved dramatically throughout its lifespan to the extent that a modern speaker of old english would be incomprehensible without translation one concrete indicator of this process is the movement from irregular to regular ed forms for the past tense of verbs in this study we quantify the extent of verb regularization using two vastly disparate datasets 1 six years of published books scanned by google 20032008 and 2 a decade of social media messages posted to twitter 20082017 we find that the extent of verb regularization is greater on twitter taken as a whole than in english fiction books regularization is also greater for tweets geotagged in the united states relative to american english books but the opposite is true for tweets geotagged in the united kingdom relative to british english books we also find interesting regional variations in regularization across counties in the united states however once differences in population are accounted for we do not identify strong correlations with sociodemographic variables such as education or income
|
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|
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|
1,803.09746
|
Lenstronomy: multi-purpose gravitational lens modelling software package
|
We present Lenstronomy, a multi-purpose open-source gravitational lens
modeling python package. Lenstronomy is able to reconstruct the lens mass and
surface brightness distributions of strong lensing systems using forward
modelling. Lenstronomy supports a wide range of analytic lens and light models
in arbitrary combination. The software is also able to reconstruct complex
extended sources (Birrer et. al 2015) as well as being able to model point
sources. We designed Lenstronomy to be stable, flexible and numerically
accurate, with a clear user interface that could be deployed across different
platforms. Throughout its development, we have actively used Lenstronomy to
make several measurements including deriving constraints on dark matter
properties in strong lenses, measuring the expansion history of the universe
with time-delay cosmography, measuring cosmic shear with Einstein rings and
decomposing quasar and host galaxy light. The software is distributed under the
MIT license. The documentation, starter guide, example notebooks, source code
and installation guidelines can be found at https://lenstronomy.readthedocs.io.
|
astro-ph.CO
|
we present lenstronomy a multipurpose opensource gravitational lens modeling python package lenstronomy is able to reconstruct the lens mass and surface brightness distributions of strong lensing systems using forward modelling lenstronomy supports a wide range of analytic lens and light models in arbitrary combination the software is also able to reconstruct complex extended sources birrer et al 2015 as well as being able to model point sources we designed lenstronomy to be stable flexible and numerically accurate with a clear user interface that could be deployed across different platforms throughout its development we have actively used lenstronomy to make several measurements including deriving constraints on dark matter properties in strong lenses measuring the expansion history of the universe with timedelay cosmography measuring cosmic shear with einstein rings and decomposing quasar and host galaxy light the software is distributed under the mit license the documentation starter guide example notebooks source code and installation guidelines can be found at httpslenstronomyreadthedocsio
|
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|
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|
1,803.09747
|
The Extreme Faint End of the UV Luminosity Function at $z\sim6$ Through
Gravitational Telescopes: a comprehensive assessment of strong lensing
uncertainties
|
With the Hubble Frontier Fields program, gravitational lensing has provided a
powerful way to extend the study of the ultraviolet luminosity function (LF) of
galaxies at $z \sim 6$ down to unprecedented magnitude limits. At the same
time, significant discrepancies between different studies were found at the
very faint end of the LF. In an attempt to understand such disagreements, we
present a comprehensive assessment of the uncertainties associated with the
lensing models and the size distribution of galaxies. We use end-to-end
simulations from the source plane to the final LF that account for all lensing
effects and systematic uncertainties by comparing several mass models. In
addition to the size distribution, the choice of lens model leads to large
differences at magnitudes fainter than $M_{UV} = -15~$ AB mag, where the
magnification factor becomes highly uncertain. We perform MCMC simulations that
include all these uncertainties at the individual galaxy level to compute the
final LF, allowing, in particular, a crossover between magnitude bins. The best
LF fit, using a modified Schechter function that allows for a turnover at faint
magnitudes, gives a faint-end slope of $\alpha = -2.01_{-0.14}^{+0.12}$, a
curvature parameter of $\beta = 0.48_{-0.25}^{+0.49}$, and a turnover magnitude
of $M_{T} = -14.93_{-0.52}^{+0.61}$. Most importantly our procedure shows that
robust constraints on the LF at magnitudes fainter than $M_{UV} = -15~$ AB
remain unrealistic. More accurate lens modeling and future observations of
lensing clusters with the James Webb Space Telescope can reliably extend the UV
LF to fainter magnitudes.
|
astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO
|
with the hubble frontier fields program gravitational lensing has provided a powerful way to extend the study of the ultraviolet luminosity function lf of galaxies at z sim 6 down to unprecedented magnitude limits at the same time significant discrepancies between different studies were found at the very faint end of the lf in an attempt to understand such disagreements we present a comprehensive assessment of the uncertainties associated with the lensing models and the size distribution of galaxies we use endtoend simulations from the source plane to the final lf that account for all lensing effects and systematic uncertainties by comparing several mass models in addition to the size distribution the choice of lens model leads to large differences at magnitudes fainter than m_uv 15 ab mag where the magnification factor becomes highly uncertain we perform mcmc simulations that include all these uncertainties at the individual galaxy level to compute the final lf allowing in particular a crossover between magnitude bins the best lf fit using a modified schechter function that allows for a turnover at faint magnitudes gives a faintend slope of alpha 201_014012 a curvature parameter of beta 048_025049 and a turnover magnitude of m_t 1493_052061 most importantly our procedure shows that robust constraints on the lf at magnitudes fainter than m_uv 15 ab remain unrealistic more accurate lens modeling and future observations of lensing clusters with the james webb space telescope can reliably extend the uv lf to fainter magnitudes
|
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|
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|
1,803.09748
|
Accurate nucleon electromagnetic form factors from dispersively improved
chiral effective field theory
|
We present a theoretical parametrization of the nucleon electromagnetic form
factors (FFs) based on a combination of chiral effective field theory and
dispersion analysis. The isovector spectral functions on the two-pion cut are
computed using elastic unitarity, chiral pion-nucleon amplitudes, and timelike
pion FF data. Higher-mass isovector and isoscalar t-channel states are
described by effective poles, whose strength is fixed by sum rules (charges,
radii). Excellent agreement with the spacelike proton and neutron FF data is
achieved up to Q^2 \sim 1 GeV^2. Our parametrization provides proper
analyticity and theoretical uncertainty estimates and can be used for low-Q^2
FF studies and proton radius extraction.
|
hep-ph hep-lat nucl-ex
|
we present a theoretical parametrization of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors ffs based on a combination of chiral effective field theory and dispersion analysis the isovector spectral functions on the twopion cut are computed using elastic unitarity chiral pionnucleon amplitudes and timelike pion ff data highermass isovector and isoscalar tchannel states are described by effective poles whose strength is fixed by sum rules charges radii excellent agreement with the spacelike proton and neutron ff data is achieved up to q2 sim 1 gev2 our parametrization provides proper analyticity and theoretical uncertainty estimates and can be used for lowq2 ff studies and proton radius extraction
|
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|
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|
1,803.09749
|
Shedding light on the Type Ia supernova extinction puzzle: dust location
found
|
The colour evolution of reddened Type Ia supernovae can place strong
constraints on the location of dust and help address the question of whether
the observed extinction stems from the interstellar medium or from
circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor. Here we analyse BV
photometry of 48 reddened Type Ia supernovae from the literature and estimate
the dust location from their $B-V$ colour evolution. We find a time-variable
colour excess $E(B-V)$ for 15 supernovae in our sample and constrain dust to
distances between 0.013 and 45 pc ($4\times10^{16}-10^{20}$ cm). For the
remaining supernovae, we obtain a constant $E(B-V)$ evolution and place lower
limits on the dust distance from the explosion. In all the 48 supernovae, the
inferred dust location is compatible with an interstellar origin for the
extinction. This is corroborated by the observation that supernovae with
relatively nearby dust ($\lesssim$ 1 pc) are located close to the center of
their host galaxy, in high-density dusty regions where interactions between the
supernova radiation and interstellar clouds close by are likely to occur. For
supernovae showing time-variable $E(B-V)$, we identify a potential preference
for low $R_\mathrm{V}$ values, unusually strong sodium absorption and
blue-shifted and time-variable absorption features. Within the interstellar
framework, this brings evidence to a proposed scenario where cloud-cloud
collisions induced by the supernova radiation pressure can shift the grain size
distribution to smaller values and enhance the abundance of sodium in the
gaseous phase.
|
astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA astro-ph.SR
|
the colour evolution of reddened type ia supernovae can place strong constraints on the location of dust and help address the question of whether the observed extinction stems from the interstellar medium or from circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor here we analyse bv photometry of 48 reddened type ia supernovae from the literature and estimate the dust location from their bv colour evolution we find a timevariable colour excess ebv for 15 supernovae in our sample and constrain dust to distances between 0013 and 45 pc 4times10161020 cm for the remaining supernovae we obtain a constant ebv evolution and place lower limits on the dust distance from the explosion in all the 48 supernovae the inferred dust location is compatible with an interstellar origin for the extinction this is corroborated by the observation that supernovae with relatively nearby dust lesssim 1 pc are located close to the center of their host galaxy in highdensity dusty regions where interactions between the supernova radiation and interstellar clouds close by are likely to occur for supernovae showing timevariable ebv we identify a potential preference for low r_mathrmv values unusually strong sodium absorption and blueshifted and timevariable absorption features within the interstellar framework this brings evidence to a proposed scenario where cloudcloud collisions induced by the supernova radiation pressure can shift the grain size distribution to smaller values and enhance the abundance of sodium in the gaseous phase
|
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|
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|
1,803.0975
|
Upper limits on the presence of central massive black holes in two
ultra-compact dwarf galaxies in Centaurus A
|
The recent discovery of massive black holes (BHs) in the centers of high-mass
ultra compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) suggests that at least some are the
stripped nuclear star clusters of dwarf galaxies. We present the first study
that investigates whether such massive BHs, and therefore stripped nuclei, also
exist in low-mass ($M<10^{7}M_{\odot}$) UCDs. We constrain the BH masses of two
UCDs located in Centaurus A (UCD320 and UCD330) using Jeans modeling of the
resolved stellar kinematics from adaptive optics VLT/SINFONI data. No massive
BHs are found in either UCD. We find a $3\,\sigma$ upper limit on the central
BH mass in UCD\,330 of $M_{\bullet}<1.0\times10^{5}M_{\odot}$, which
corresponds to 1.7\% of the total mass. This excludes a high mass fraction BH
and would only allow a low-mass BHs similar to those claimed to be detected in
Local Group GCs. For UCD320, poorer data quality results in a less constraining
$3\,\sigma$ upper limit of $M_{\bullet}<1\times10^{6}M_{\odot}$, which is equal
to 37.7\% of the total mass. The dynamical $M/L$ of UCD320 and UCD330 are not
inflated compared to predictions from stellar population models. The
non-detection of BHs in these low-mass UCDs is consistent with the idea that
elevated dynamical $M/L$s do indicate the presence of a substantial BH. Despite
not detecting massive BHs, these systems could still be stripped nuclei. The
strong rotation ($v/\sigma$ of 0.3 to 0.4) in both UCDs and the two-component
light profile in UCD330 support the idea that these UCDs may be stripped nuclei
of low-mass galaxies where the BH occupation fraction is not yet known.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
the recent discovery of massive black holes bhs in the centers of highmass ultra compact dwarf galaxies ucds suggests that at least some are the stripped nuclear star clusters of dwarf galaxies we present the first study that investigates whether such massive bhs and therefore stripped nuclei also exist in lowmass m107m_odot ucds we constrain the bh masses of two ucds located in centaurus a ucd320 and ucd330 using jeans modeling of the resolved stellar kinematics from adaptive optics vltsinfoni data no massive bhs are found in either ucd we find a 3sigma upper limit on the central bh mass in ucd330 of m_bullet10times105m_odot which corresponds to 17 of the total mass this excludes a high mass fraction bh and would only allow a lowmass bhs similar to those claimed to be detected in local group gcs for ucd320 poorer data quality results in a less constraining 3sigma upper limit of m_bullet1times106m_odot which is equal to 377 of the total mass the dynamical ml of ucd320 and ucd330 are not inflated compared to predictions from stellar population models the nondetection of bhs in these lowmass ucds is consistent with the idea that elevated dynamical mls do indicate the presence of a substantial bh despite not detecting massive bhs these systems could still be stripped nuclei the strong rotation vsigma of 03 to 04 in both ucds and the twocomponent light profile in ucd330 support the idea that these ucds may be stripped nuclei of lowmass galaxies where the bh occupation fraction is not yet known
|
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|
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|
1,803.09751
|
Higgs Couplings at High Scales
|
We study the off-shell production of the Higgs boson at the LHC to probe
Higgs physics at higher energy scales utilizing the process $g g \rightarrow
h^{*} \rightarrow ZZ$. We focus on the energy scale dependence of the off-shell
Higgs propagation, and of the top quark Yukawa coupling, $y_t (Q^2)$. Extending
our recent study in arXiv:1710.02149, we first discuss threshold effects in the
Higgs propagator due to the existence of new states, such as a gauge singlet
scalar portal, and a possible continuum of states in a conformal limit, both of
which would be difficult to discover in other traditional searches. We then
examine the modification of $y_t (Q^2)$ from its Standard Model (SM) prediction
in terms of the renormalization group running of the top Yukawa, which could be
significant in the presence of large flat extra-dimensions. Finally, we explore
possible strongly coupled new physics in the top-Higgs sector that can lead to
the appearance of a non-local $Q^2$-dependent form factor in the effective
top-Higgs vertex. We find that considerable deviations compared to the SM
prediction in the invariant mass distribution of the $Z$-boson pair can be
conceivable, and may be probed at a $2\sigma$-level at the high-luminosity 14
TeV HL-LHC for a new physics scale up to $\mathcal{O}(1 {~\rm TeV})$, and at
the upgraded 27 TeV HE-LHC for a scale up to $\mathcal{O}(3 {~\rm TeV})$. For a
few favorable scenarios, $5\sigma$-level observation may be possible at the
HE-LHC for a scale of about $\mathcal{O}(1 {~\rm TeV})$.
|
hep-ph hep-ex
|
we study the offshell production of the higgs boson at the lhc to probe higgs physics at higher energy scales utilizing the process g g rightarrow h rightarrow zz we focus on the energy scale dependence of the offshell higgs propagation and of the top quark yukawa coupling y_t q2 extending our recent study in arxiv171002149 we first discuss threshold effects in the higgs propagator due to the existence of new states such as a gauge singlet scalar portal and a possible continuum of states in a conformal limit both of which would be difficult to discover in other traditional searches we then examine the modification of y_t q2 from its standard model sm prediction in terms of the renormalization group running of the top yukawa which could be significant in the presence of large flat extradimensions finally we explore possible strongly coupled new physics in the tophiggs sector that can lead to the appearance of a nonlocal q2dependent form factor in the effective tophiggs vertex we find that considerable deviations compared to the sm prediction in the invariant mass distribution of the zboson pair can be conceivable and may be probed at a 2sigmalevel at the highluminosity 14 tev hllhc for a new physics scale up to mathcalo1 rm tev and at the upgraded 27 tev helhc for a scale up to mathcalo3 rm tev for a few favorable scenarios 5sigmalevel observation may be possible at the helhc for a scale of about mathcalo1 rm tev
|
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|
1,803.09752
|
Geometric mean of bimetric spacetimes
|
We use the geometric mean to parametrize metrics in the Hassan-Rosen
ghost-free bimetric theory and pose the initial-value problem. The geometric
mean of two positive definite symmetric matrices is a well-established
mathematical notion which can be, under certain conditions, extended to
quadratic forms having the Lorentzian signature, say metrics $g$ and $f$. In
such a case, the null cone of the geometric mean metric $h$ is in the middle of
the null cones of $g$ and $f$ appearing as a geometric average of a bimetric
spacetime. The parametrization based on $h$ ensures the reality of the square
root in the ghost-free bimetric interaction potential. Subsequently, we derive
the standard $n+1$ decomposition in a frame adapted to the geometric mean and
state the initial-value problem, that is, the evolution equations, the
constraints, and the preservation of the constraints equation.
|
hep-th gr-qc
|
we use the geometric mean to parametrize metrics in the hassanrosen ghostfree bimetric theory and pose the initialvalue problem the geometric mean of two positive definite symmetric matrices is a wellestablished mathematical notion which can be under certain conditions extended to quadratic forms having the lorentzian signature say metrics g and f in such a case the null cone of the geometric mean metric h is in the middle of the null cones of g and f appearing as a geometric average of a bimetric spacetime the parametrization based on h ensures the reality of the square root in the ghostfree bimetric interaction potential subsequently we derive the standard n1 decomposition in a frame adapted to the geometric mean and state the initialvalue problem that is the evolution equations the constraints and the preservation of the constraints equation
|
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|
1,803.09753
|
The holographic interpretation of $J \bar T$-deformed CFTs
|
Recently, a non-local yet possibly UV-complete quantum field theory has been
constructed by deforming a two-dimensional CFT by the composite operator $J
\bar T$, where $J$ is a chiral $U(1)$ current and $\bar T$ is a component of
the stress tensor. Assuming the original CFT was a holographic CFT, we work out
the holographic dual of its $J \bar T$ deformation. We find that the dual
spacetime is still AdS$_3$, but with modified boundary conditions that mix the
metric and the Chern-Simons gauge field dual to the $U(1)$ current. We show
that when the coefficient of the chiral anomaly for $J$ vanishes, the energy
and thermodynamics of black holes obeying these modified boundary conditions
precisely reproduce the previously derived field theory spectrum and
thermodynamics. Our proposed holographic dictionary can also reproduce the
field-theoretical spectrum in presence of the chiral anomaly, upon a certain
assumption that we justify. The asymptotic symmetry group associated to these
boundary conditions consists of two copies of the Virasoro and one copy of the
$U(1)$ Ka\v{c}-Moody algebra, just as before the deformation; the only effect
of the latter is to modify the spacetime dependence of the right-moving
Virasoro generators, whose action becomes state-dependent and effectively
non-local.
|
hep-th
|
recently a nonlocal yet possibly uvcomplete quantum field theory has been constructed by deforming a twodimensional cft by the composite operator j bar t where j is a chiral u1 current and bar t is a component of the stress tensor assuming the original cft was a holographic cft we work out the holographic dual of its j bar t deformation we find that the dual spacetime is still ads_3 but with modified boundary conditions that mix the metric and the chernsimons gauge field dual to the u1 current we show that when the coefficient of the chiral anomaly for j vanishes the energy and thermodynamics of black holes obeying these modified boundary conditions precisely reproduce the previously derived field theory spectrum and thermodynamics our proposed holographic dictionary can also reproduce the fieldtheoretical spectrum in presence of the chiral anomaly upon a certain assumption that we justify the asymptotic symmetry group associated to these boundary conditions consists of two copies of the virasoro and one copy of the u1 kavcmoody algebra just as before the deformation the only effect of the latter is to modify the spacetime dependence of the rightmoving virasoro generators whose action becomes statedependent and effectively nonlocal
|
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|
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|
1,803.09754
|
Properties of thermal quantum states: locality of temperature, decay of
correlations, and more
|
We review several properties of thermal states of spin Hamiltonians with
short range interactions. In particular, we focus on those aspects in which the
application of tools coming from quantum information theory has been specially
successful in the recent years. This comprises the study of the correlations at
finite and zero temperature, the stability against distant and/or weak
perturbations, the locality of temperature and their classical simulatability.
For the case of states with a finite correlation length, we overview the
results on their energy distribution and the equivalence of the canonical and
microcanonical ensemble.
|
quant-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP
|
we review several properties of thermal states of spin hamiltonians with short range interactions in particular we focus on those aspects in which the application of tools coming from quantum information theory has been specially successful in the recent years this comprises the study of the correlations at finite and zero temperature the stability against distant andor weak perturbations the locality of temperature and their classical simulatability for the case of states with a finite correlation length we overview the results on their energy distribution and the equivalence of the canonical and microcanonical ensemble
|
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|
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|
1,803.09755
|
Full Counting Statistics in the Transverse Field Ising Chain
|
We consider the full probability distribution for the transverse
magnetization of a finite subsystem in the transverse field Ising chain. We
derive a determinant representation of the corresponding characteristic
function for general Gaussian states. We consider applications to the full
counting statistics in the ground state, finite temperature equilibrium states,
non-equilibrium steady states and time evolution after global quantum quenches.
We derive an analytical expression for the time and subsystem size dependence
of the characteristic function at sufficiently late times after a quantum
quench. This expression features an interesting multiple light-cone structure.
|
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
we consider the full probability distribution for the transverse magnetization of a finite subsystem in the transverse field ising chain we derive a determinant representation of the corresponding characteristic function for general gaussian states we consider applications to the full counting statistics in the ground state finite temperature equilibrium states nonequilibrium steady states and time evolution after global quantum quenches we derive an analytical expression for the time and subsystem size dependence of the characteristic function at sufficiently late times after a quantum quench this expression features an interesting multiple lightcone structure
|
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|
[-0.15824810341607942, 0.17559020701731282, -0.13880384875886628, 0.11410959770918176, 0.02650929586050789, -0.11945712341137392, 0.027274146843094215, 0.33225080144146213, -0.24997240454262204, -0.21216748388605597, 0.055404847353676574, -0.2260263209109721, -0.06913072992440152, 0.1382297326395612, 0.06321843903835701, 0.09951650644348853, 0.044672154624055584, 0.07969705417813004, -0.1320633210302533, -0.20235478982288876, 0.3108482388210098, 0.00691736826379581, 0.32621506026581576, 0.04358680200074678, 0.12453446966980625, 0.10650377608734467, 0.07462432512851513, -0.00986624434565032, -0.19524834422475618, -0.00831534367740539, 0.2206532064339389, 0.0842393285939065, 0.2405674223226252, -0.4462310573410081, -0.1955382403229242, 0.11583674665661933, 0.13956788746872917, 0.22667728521375227, -0.002043831010308603, -0.25404204664316593, 0.015084549258260624, -0.19228365599258762, -0.20019374602934872, -0.07085176669162414, 0.07822308269881076, -0.004733885628292742, -0.27402460066988843, 0.11235125973294287, 0.03846786102614082, 0.09884972067590317, -0.07770798996637535, -0.08843952330188705, 0.018284674908500165, 0.1506281594907784, -0.010712602735071889, 0.014774416401253446, 0.14344668378243627, -0.17356213408714646, -0.09029119198068815, 0.2716663571924943, -0.09917812195161115, -0.1730543922572194, 0.13096133528439247, -0.17822271583439864, -0.12686485045022614, 0.1411630277643385, 0.14876474520070074, 0.11735398091031643, -0.14644210532613847, 0.11034481826810287, -0.006942162614153779, 0.14308118041726234, 0.0012096392456442118, 0.0636549386500796, 0.22166954712820766, 0.0960302071382656, 0.06388388064426734, 0.2207047551283208, -0.10466602644642674, -0.17135503647201086, -0.3452558340460477, -0.1686116581701714, -0.23097018998764132, 0.13964564920119618, -0.10843653178681448, -0.19616425685260608, 0.47618851802595286, 0.08793800593571177, 0.21871214452118654, 0.10931728807095763, 0.2517271944848092, 0.20920579229562503, -0.017023651587331424, 0.10333759746003046, 0.11832442013141901, 0.1739753066845562, 0.10352679488887193, -0.2877670294888642, 0.0355731942918678, 0.07174464439689789]
|
1,803.09756
|
Non-power-law universality in one-dimensional quasicrystals
|
We have investigated scaling properties of the Aubry-Andr\'e model and
related one-dimensional quasiperiodic Hamiltonians near their localisation
transitions. We find numerically that the scaling of characteristic energies
near the ground state, usually captured by a single dynamical exponent, does
not obey a power law relation. Instead, the scaling behaviour depends strongly
on the correlation length in a manner governed by the continued fraction
expansion of the irrational number $\beta$ describing incommensurability in the
system. This dependence is, however, found to be universal between a range of
models sharing the same value of $\beta$. For the Aubry-Andr\'e model, we
explain this behaviour in terms of a discrete renormalisation group protocol
which predicts rich critical behaviour. This result is complemented by studies
of the expansion dynamics of a wave packet under the Aubry-Andr\'e model at the
critical point. Anomalous diffusion exponents are derived in terms of
multifractal (R\'enyi) dimensions of the critical spectrum; non-power-law
universality similar to that found in ground state dynamics is observed between
a range of critical tight-binding Hamiltonians.
|
cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mech physics.atom-ph quant-ph
|
we have investigated scaling properties of the aubryandre model and related onedimensional quasiperiodic hamiltonians near their localisation transitions we find numerically that the scaling of characteristic energies near the ground state usually captured by a single dynamical exponent does not obey a power law relation instead the scaling behaviour depends strongly on the correlation length in a manner governed by the continued fraction expansion of the irrational number beta describing incommensurability in the system this dependence is however found to be universal between a range of models sharing the same value of beta for the aubryandre model we explain this behaviour in terms of a discrete renormalisation group protocol which predicts rich critical behaviour this result is complemented by studies of the expansion dynamics of a wave packet under the aubryandre model at the critical point anomalous diffusion exponents are derived in terms of multifractal renyi dimensions of the critical spectrum nonpowerlaw universality similar to that found in ground state dynamics is observed between a range of critical tightbinding hamiltonians
|
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|
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|
1,803.09757
|
Measurement of ambient neutrons in an underground laboratory at Kamioka
Observatory
|
Ambient neutrons are one of the most serious backgrounds for underground
experiments searching for rare events. The ambient neutron flux in an
underground laboratory of Kamioka Observatory was measured using a
$\mathrm{^3He}$ proportional counter with various moderator setups. Since the
detector response largely depends on the spectral shape, the energy spectra of
the neutrons transported from the rock to the laboratory are estimated by
Monte-Carlo simulations. The ratio of the thermal neutron flux to the total
neutron flux was found to depend on the thermalizing efficiency of the rock.
Therefore, the ratio of the count rate without a moderator to that with a
moderator was used to determine this parameter. Consequently, the most-likely
neutron spectrum predicted by the simulations for the parameters determined by
the experimental results was obtained. The result suggests an interesting
spectral shape, which has not been indicated in previous studies. The total
ambient neutron flux is $(23.52 \pm 0.68 \ \mathrm{_{stat.}} ^{+1.87}_{-2.13} \
\mathrm{_{sys.}}) \times 10^{-6}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. This result, especially
the energy spectrum information, could be a new and important input for
estimating the background in current and future experiments in the underground
laboratory at Kamioka Observatory.
|
physics.ins-det hep-ex nucl-ex
|
ambient neutrons are one of the most serious backgrounds for underground experiments searching for rare events the ambient neutron flux in an underground laboratory of kamioka observatory was measured using a mathrm3he proportional counter with various moderator setups since the detector response largely depends on the spectral shape the energy spectra of the neutrons transported from the rock to the laboratory are estimated by montecarlo simulations the ratio of the thermal neutron flux to the total neutron flux was found to depend on the thermalizing efficiency of the rock therefore the ratio of the count rate without a moderator to that with a moderator was used to determine this parameter consequently the mostlikely neutron spectrum predicted by the simulations for the parameters determined by the experimental results was obtained the result suggests an interesting spectral shape which has not been indicated in previous studies the total ambient neutron flux is 2352 pm 068 mathrm_stat 187_213 mathrm_sys times 106 cm2 s1 this result especially the energy spectrum information could be a new and important input for estimating the background in current and future experiments in the underground laboratory at kamioka observatory
|
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|
[-0.06662446306769383, 0.193533739889505, -0.06323655188223098, 0.0804946998396968, -0.020955187698109026, -0.05591639543056767, 0.03379634788190139, 0.33168370314540074, -0.16879922897432917, -0.3819598653303947, 0.09435800129628957, -0.3286939290312323, -0.008266939848840714, 0.256447412814437, -0.007119683152871495, 0.04290074963971753, 0.07170309873365045, 0.062045826561709136, -0.07008197771093963, -0.1865095571349599, 0.24973202119506696, 0.21696790274641015, 0.3135815732315541, 0.08319127534760191, 0.0958205633830213, -0.047397981113928525, -0.059282302517782555, -0.029973297529320986, -0.13293955355443285, 0.030628144252985556, 0.2759973984672364, 0.10869288744708712, 0.1319689967689468, -0.45067179565072646, -0.22424765973585972, 0.12579190404961174, 0.0798510437330759, 0.016652813779543786, -0.05747832064977523, -0.28578642698971024, 0.05744273759820623, -0.16764252508348004, -0.1256728624368776, 0.031441106033924825, -0.00447908810085871, 0.034741499651731414, -0.24410366596415, 0.049302445520412796, -0.0398470378396186, 0.01574768013704349, -0.10613699419608211, -0.1667501401227157, 0.006944085196479856, 0.08990410798139631, 0.08492030963715026, 0.05947097148410079, 0.1833765166114398, -0.13546658405924544, -0.03673822952018563, 0.35624470705549943, -0.06755378638969406, -0.10396870011311239, 0.15785759752168055, -0.19306393842496736, -0.10135764700614593, 0.21012341132746104, 0.14390471500947194, 0.11905863653260836, -0.18254975225019424, 0.018232493775269205, -0.04447626730148247, 0.20711811520731982, 0.06166924337263812, -0.019294860344479747, 0.23900737568616548, 0.20461398867808064, 0.015846038456971353, 0.10431856585835869, -0.22239791247296462, -0.010994223197971914, -0.25876044716068447, -0.12917746996312815, -0.1565610125105589, 0.0642381658676276, -0.05353066336377872, -0.08277604532089423, 0.34181112351822346, 0.11086639160300321, 0.1823458852878906, -0.04143653202485691, 0.3020235191119267, 0.09217142000082224, 0.06476208012810046, 0.0367716984240647, 0.3263222865871139, 0.13058437980626794, 0.12519536279627486, -0.25651499623822466, 0.09185318112433116, -0.0011679618855948276]
|
1,803.09758
|
Flag fault-tolerant error correction, measurement, and quantum
computation for cyclic CSS codes
|
Flag qubits have recently been proposed in syndrome extraction circuits to
detect high-weight errors arising from fewer faults. The use of flag qubits
allows the construction of fault-tolerant protocols with the fewest number of
ancillas known to-date. In this work, we prove some critical properties of CSS
codes constructed from classical cyclic codes that enable the construction of a
flag fault-tolerant error correction scheme. We then develop fault-tolerant
protocols as well as a family of circuits for flag fault-tolerant error
correction and operator measurement, requiring only four ancilla qubits and
applicable to cyclic CSS codes of distance 3. The measurement protocol can be
further used for logical Clifford gate implementation via quantum gate
teleportation. We also provide examples of cyclic CSS codes with large encoding
rates.
|
quant-ph
|
flag qubits have recently been proposed in syndrome extraction circuits to detect highweight errors arising from fewer faults the use of flag qubits allows the construction of faulttolerant protocols with the fewest number of ancillas known todate in this work we prove some critical properties of css codes constructed from classical cyclic codes that enable the construction of a flag faulttolerant error correction scheme we then develop faulttolerant protocols as well as a family of circuits for flag faulttolerant error correction and operator measurement requiring only four ancilla qubits and applicable to cyclic css codes of distance 3 the measurement protocol can be further used for logical clifford gate implementation via quantum gate teleportation we also provide examples of cyclic css codes with large encoding rates
|
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|
[-0.19725702123347824, 0.09327889453353626, -0.01264079324605446, 0.03761471776450644, 0.009779390827235248, -0.3244214229182237, 0.10519259354831385, 0.3651220973817602, -0.2533969674813783, -0.30170554208702277, 0.11913637507111868, -0.1915147636430606, -0.14860544863733507, 0.2897197861180064, -0.16463418741015687, 0.17329351288000389, 0.09532210299567807, 0.0026248051151577826, -0.13353094524918271, -0.3276807570770856, 0.2959973082345511, 0.09175896740588729, 0.25709710236904876, -0.01982764958492702, 0.0732221396506897, -0.018781254411719385, -0.03129388251534057, -0.05964007476596014, -0.11180115773718821, 0.09392956435672999, 0.31105931082533467, 0.17409615870565176, 0.168930323578573, -0.41313175704803257, -0.19767056122036014, 0.12221874224321384, 0.1339095086524529, 0.28650580659981756, -0.04822225253918164, -0.2702987619808742, 0.08995960234472203, -0.255589339189187, -0.037805467777486355, -0.11756528610925353, 0.002355691590642054, -0.0020012688113465195, -0.2335899659443558, 0.0037456700032750616, 0.04629378890644552, 0.0736357364397023, 0.0635766191329504, -0.10453791754312873, 0.04968375863973051, 0.14891822642225416, -0.13647014308454736, 0.03521429749098533, 0.16665217608198643, -0.02381921219750352, -0.2522834718027817, 0.29536083990861367, 0.03721892074607904, -0.20854226118397146, 0.06490474867649258, -0.016231923186708064, -0.1571390352928863, 0.07693035219470779, 0.17423079304751896, 0.09092820690028251, -0.09640843053126619, 0.06627279397059557, 0.029248869926151302, 0.2149148232503129, 0.07002514116798661, 0.17058169526521058, 0.0983939455556018, 0.06800200989735979, 0.08258338050273735, 0.19570482158497537, -0.08221845534290113, -0.07838600895382346, -0.35013208014979247, -0.18351291062814803, -0.18400860542342776, 0.1245981979475815, -0.0836773931604555, -0.190044473823426, 0.3847517990646641, 0.1463984190306205, 0.08362478039242209, 0.0960530615448656, 0.3120938738187154, -0.007541054255506467, 0.17526219634427911, 0.15380509811941356, 0.17314786256761253, 0.23037131464049693, -0.05052719466269962, -0.20639398051767668, 0.05303969276359394, 0.09678755580107608]
|
1,803.09759
|
The chemical composition of NGC5824, a globular cluster without iron
spread but with an extreme Mg-Al anticorrelation
|
NGC5824 is a massive Galactic globular cluster suspected to have an intrinsic
spread in its iron content, according to the strength of the calcium triplet
lines. We present chemical abundances of 117 cluster giant stars using
high-resolution spectra acquired with the multi-object spectrograph FLAMES. The
metallicity distribution of 87 red giant branch stars is peaked at
[Fe/H]=-2.11+-0.01 dex, while that derived from 30 asymptotic giant branch
stars is peaked at [Fe/H]=-2.20+-0.01 dex. Both the distributions are
compatible with a null spread, pointing out that this cluster did not retain
the ejecta of supernovae. The small iron abundance offset between the two
groups of stars is similar to those already observed among red and asymptotic
giant branch stars in other clusters. The lack of intrinsic iron spread rules
out the possibility that NGC5824 is the remnant of a disrupted dwarf galaxy, as
previously suggested. We also find evidence of the chemical anomalies usually
observed in globular clusters, namely the Na-O and the Mg-Al anticorrelations.
In particular, NGC5824 exhibits a huge range of [Mg/Fe] abundance, observed
only in a few metal-poor and/or massive clusters. We conclude that NGC5824 is a
normal globular cluster, without spread in [Fe/H] but with an unusually large
spread in [Mg/Fe], possibly due to an efficient self-enrichment driven by
massive asymptotic giant branch stars.
|
astro-ph.SR astro-ph.GA
|
ngc5824 is a massive galactic globular cluster suspected to have an intrinsic spread in its iron content according to the strength of the calcium triplet lines we present chemical abundances of 117 cluster giant stars using highresolution spectra acquired with the multiobject spectrograph flames the metallicity distribution of 87 red giant branch stars is peaked at feh211001 dex while that derived from 30 asymptotic giant branch stars is peaked at feh220001 dex both the distributions are compatible with a null spread pointing out that this cluster did not retain the ejecta of supernovae the small iron abundance offset between the two groups of stars is similar to those already observed among red and asymptotic giant branch stars in other clusters the lack of intrinsic iron spread rules out the possibility that ngc5824 is the remnant of a disrupted dwarf galaxy as previously suggested we also find evidence of the chemical anomalies usually observed in globular clusters namely the nao and the mgal anticorrelations in particular ngc5824 exhibits a huge range of mgfe abundance observed only in a few metalpoor andor massive clusters we conclude that ngc5824 is a normal globular cluster without spread in feh but with an unusually large spread in mgfe possibly due to an efficient selfenrichment driven by massive asymptotic giant branch stars
|
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|
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|
1,803.0976
|
Predicting the Future with Transformational States
|
An intelligent observer looks at the world and sees not only what is, but
what is moving and what can be moved. In other words, the observer sees how the
present state of the world can transform in the future. We propose a model that
predicts future images by learning to represent the present state and its
transformation given only a sequence of images. To do so, we introduce an
architecture with a latent state composed of two components designed to capture
(i) the present image state and (ii) the transformation between present and
future states, respectively. We couple this latent state with a recurrent
neural network (RNN) core that predicts future frames by transforming past
states into future states by applying the accumulated state transformation with
a learned operator. We describe how this model can be integrated into an
encoder-decoder convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that uses
weighted residual connections to integrate representations of the past with
representations of the future. Qualitatively, our approach generates image
sequences that are stable and capture realistic motion over multiple predicted
frames, without requiring adversarial training. Quantitatively, our method
achieves prediction results comparable to state-of-the-art results on standard
image prediction benchmarks (Moving MNIST, KTH, and UCF101).
|
cs.CV cs.AI cs.LG cs.NE
|
an intelligent observer looks at the world and sees not only what is but what is moving and what can be moved in other words the observer sees how the present state of the world can transform in the future we propose a model that predicts future images by learning to represent the present state and its transformation given only a sequence of images to do so we introduce an architecture with a latent state composed of two components designed to capture i the present image state and ii the transformation between present and future states respectively we couple this latent state with a recurrent neural network rnn core that predicts future frames by transforming past states into future states by applying the accumulated state transformation with a learned operator we describe how this model can be integrated into an encoderdecoder convolutional neural network cnn architecture that uses weighted residual connections to integrate representations of the past with representations of the future qualitatively our approach generates image sequences that are stable and capture realistic motion over multiple predicted frames without requiring adversarial training quantitatively our method achieves prediction results comparable to stateoftheart results on standard image prediction benchmarks moving mnist kth and ucf101
|
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|
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|
1,803.09761
|
Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST - I. UV luminosity functions at z = 4 -
10
|
In anticipation of the upcoming deployment of the James Webb Space Telescope
(JWST), we present high-redshift predictions by the well-established Santa Cruz
semi-analytic model. We update the models by re-calibrating them after adopting
cosmological parameters consistent with recent constraints from Planck. We
provide predictions for rest-frame UV luminosity functions for galaxy
populations over a wide range of $M_\text{UV}$ from $\sim-6$ to $\sim-24$
between $z = 4 - 10$. In addition, we present the corresponding predictions for
observed-frame galaxy number counts in different redshift bins in the full set
of NIRCam filters. We provide predictions of the quantitative effect on these
observables of varying the physical recipes implemented in the models, such as
the molecular gas depletion time (star formation efficiency) scalings or the
scalings of outflow rates driven by stars and supernovae with galaxy circular
velocity. Based on these results, we discuss what may be learned about the
physical processes that shape galaxy formation from JWST observations of galaxy
number densities at different intrinsic luminosities. All data tables for the
results presented in this work are available at
https://www.simonsfoundation.org/semi-analytic-forecasts-for-jwst/.
|
astro-ph.GA
|
in anticipation of the upcoming deployment of the james webb space telescope jwst we present highredshift predictions by the wellestablished santa cruz semianalytic model we update the models by recalibrating them after adopting cosmological parameters consistent with recent constraints from planck we provide predictions for restframe uv luminosity functions for galaxy populations over a wide range of m_textuv from sim6 to sim24 between z 4 10 in addition we present the corresponding predictions for observedframe galaxy number counts in different redshift bins in the full set of nircam filters we provide predictions of the quantitative effect on these observables of varying the physical recipes implemented in the models such as the molecular gas depletion time star formation efficiency scalings or the scalings of outflow rates driven by stars and supernovae with galaxy circular velocity based on these results we discuss what may be learned about the physical processes that shape galaxy formation from jwst observations of galaxy number densities at different intrinsic luminosities all data tables for the results presented in this work are available at httpswwwsimonsfoundationorgsemianalyticforecastsforjwst
|
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|
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|
1,803.09762
|
Core formation from self-heating dark matter
|
Cosmological simulations of the $\Lambda$CDM model suggest that the dark
matter halos of dwarf galaxies are denser in their center than what
observational data of such galaxies imply. In this letter, we propose a novel
solution to this problem by invoking a certain class of dark matter
self-heating processes. As we will argue, such processes lead to the formation
of dark matter cores at late times by considerably reducing the inner mass
density of dwarf-sized halos. For deriving concrete results, we focus on
semi-annihilating dark matter scenarios and model the inner region of dark
matter halos as a gravothermal fluid. An important aspect of this new solution
is that the semi-annihilation effects are much more prominent in dwarf-sized
halos than in the more massive halos that host galaxies and clusters, even if
the corresponding cross sections are the same. Furthermore, the preferred
parameter space for solving the small-scale problem suggests a thermal dark
matter candidate with a mass below the GeV scale, which can be probed in dark
matter direct and indirect detection experiments.
|
hep-ph astro-ph.HE
|
cosmological simulations of the lambdacdm model suggest that the dark matter halos of dwarf galaxies are denser in their center than what observational data of such galaxies imply in this letter we propose a novel solution to this problem by invoking a certain class of dark matter selfheating processes as we will argue such processes lead to the formation of dark matter cores at late times by considerably reducing the inner mass density of dwarfsized halos for deriving concrete results we focus on semiannihilating dark matter scenarios and model the inner region of dark matter halos as a gravothermal fluid an important aspect of this new solution is that the semiannihilation effects are much more prominent in dwarfsized halos than in the more massive halos that host galaxies and clusters even if the corresponding cross sections are the same furthermore the preferred parameter space for solving the smallscale problem suggests a thermal dark matter candidate with a mass below the gev scale which can be probed in dark matter direct and indirect detection experiments
|
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|
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|
1,803.09763
|
A New Test of Copper and Zinc Abundances in Late-Type Stars Using
Ultraviolet Cu II and Zn II Lines
|
We present new abundances derived from Cu I, Cu II, Zn I, and Zn II lines in
six warm (5766 < Teff < 6427 K), metal-poor (-2.50 < [Fe/H] < -0.95) dwarf and
subgiant (3.64 < log g < 4.44) stars. These abundances are derived from
archival high-resolution ultraviolet spectra from the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based optical
spectra from several observatories. Ionized Cu and Zn are the majority species,
and abundances derived from Cu II and Zn II lines should be largely insensitive
to departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We find good
agreement between the [Zn/H] ratios derived separately from Zn I and Zn II
lines, suggesting that departures from LTE are, at most, minimal (< 0.1 dex).
We find that the [Cu/H] ratios derived from Cu II lines are 0.36 +/- 0.06 dex
larger than those derived from Cu I lines in the most metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]
< -1.8), suggesting that LTE underestimates the Cu abundance derived from Cu I
lines. The deviations decrease in more metal-rich stars. Our results validate
previous theoretical non-LTE calculations for both Cu and Zn, supporting
earlier conclusions that the enhancement of [Zn/Fe] in metal-poor stars is
legitimate, and the deficiency of [Cu/Fe] in metal-poor stars may not be as
large as previously thought.
|
astro-ph.SR
|
we present new abundances derived from cu i cu ii zn i and zn ii lines in six warm 5766 teff 6427 k metalpoor 250 feh 095 dwarf and subgiant 364 log g 444 stars these abundances are derived from archival highresolution ultraviolet spectra from the space telescope imaging spectrograph on board the hubble space telescope and groundbased optical spectra from several observatories ionized cu and zn are the majority species and abundances derived from cu ii and zn ii lines should be largely insensitive to departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium lte we find good agreement between the znh ratios derived separately from zn i and zn ii lines suggesting that departures from lte are at most minimal 01 dex we find that the cuh ratios derived from cu ii lines are 036 006 dex larger than those derived from cu i lines in the most metalpoor stars feh 18 suggesting that lte underestimates the cu abundance derived from cu i lines the deviations decrease in more metalrich stars our results validate previous theoretical nonlte calculations for both cu and zn supporting earlier conclusions that the enhancement of znfe in metalpoor stars is legitimate and the deficiency of cufe in metalpoor stars may not be as large as previously thought
|
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|
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|
1,803.09764
|
Dimensional regularization vs methods in fixed dimension with and
without $\gamma_5$
|
We study the Lorentz and Dirac algebra, including antisymmetric $\epsilon$
tensors and the $\gamma_5$ matrix, in implicit gauge-invariant
regularization/renormalization methods defined in fixed integer dimensions.
They include constrained differential, implicit and four-dimensional
renormalization. We find that these fixed-dimension methods face the same
difficulties as the different versions of dimensional regularization. We
propose a consistent procedure in these methods, similar to the consistent
version of regularization by dimensional reduction.
|
hep-ph hep-th
|
we study the lorentz and dirac algebra including antisymmetric epsilon tensors and the gamma_5 matrix in implicit gaugeinvariant regularizationrenormalization methods defined in fixed integer dimensions they include constrained differential implicit and fourdimensional renormalization we find that these fixeddimension methods face the same difficulties as the different versions of dimensional regularization we propose a consistent procedure in these methods similar to the consistent version of regularization by dimensional reduction
|
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|
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|
1,803.09765
|
Discovery of a diffuse optical line emitting halo in the core of the
Centaurus cluster of galaxies: Line emission outside the protection of the
filaments
|
We present the discovery of diffuse optical line emission in the Centaurus
cluster seen with the MUSE IFU. The unparalleled sensitivity of MUSE allows us
to detect the faint emission from these structures which extend well beyond the
bounds of the previously known filaments. Diffuse structures (emission
surrounding the filaments, a northern shell and an extended Halo) are detected
in many lines typical of the nebulae in cluster cores ([NII]$_{\lambda
6548\&6583}$ ,[SII]$_{\lambda 6716\&6731}$, [OI]$_{\lambda 6300}$,
[OIII]$_{\lambda 4959\&5007}$ etc.) but are more than an order of magnitude
fainter than the filaments, with the faint halo only detected through the
brightest line in the spectrum ([NII]$_{\lambda 6583}$). These structures are
shown to be kinematically distinct from the stars in the central galaxy and
have different physical and excitation states to the filaments. Possible
origins are discussed for each structure in turn and we conclude that shocks
and/or pressure imbalances are resulting in gas dispersed throughout the
cluster core, formed from either disrupted filaments or direct cooling, which
is not confined to the bright filaments.
|
astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA
|
we present the discovery of diffuse optical line emission in the centaurus cluster seen with the muse ifu the unparalleled sensitivity of muse allows us to detect the faint emission from these structures which extend well beyond the bounds of the previously known filaments diffuse structures emission surrounding the filaments a northern shell and an extended halo are detected in many lines typical of the nebulae in cluster cores nii_lambda 65486583 sii_lambda 67166731 oi_lambda 6300 oiii_lambda 49595007 etc but are more than an order of magnitude fainter than the filaments with the faint halo only detected through the brightest line in the spectrum nii_lambda 6583 these structures are shown to be kinematically distinct from the stars in the central galaxy and have different physical and excitation states to the filaments possible origins are discussed for each structure in turn and we conclude that shocks andor pressure imbalances are resulting in gas dispersed throughout the cluster core formed from either disrupted filaments or direct cooling which is not confined to the bright filaments
|
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|
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|
1,803.09766
|
Runtime Analysis of Probabilistic Crowding and Restricted Tournament
Selection for Bimodal Optimisation
|
Many real optimisation problems lead to multimodal domains and so require the
identification of multiple optima. Niching methods have been developed to
maintain the population diversity, to investigate many peaks in parallel and to
reduce the effect of genetic drift. Using rigorous runtime analysis, we analyse
for the first time two well known niching methods: probabilistic crowding and
restricted tournament selection (RTS). We incorporate both methods into a
$(\mu+1)~EA$ on the bimodal function Twomax where the goal is to find two
optima at opposite ends of the search space. In probabilistic crowding, the
offspring compete with their parents and the survivor is chosen proportionally
to its fitness. On Twomax probabilistic crowding fails to find any reasonable
solution quality even in exponential time. In RTS the offspring compete against
the closest individual amongst $w$ (window size) individuals. We prove that RTS
fails if $w$ is too small, leading to exponential times with high probability.
However, if w is chosen large enough, it finds both optima for Twomax in time
$O(\mu n \log{n})$ with high probability. Our theoretical results are
accompanied by experimental studies that match the theoretical results and also
shed light on parameters not covered by the theoretical results.
|
cs.NE
|
many real optimisation problems lead to multimodal domains and so require the identification of multiple optima niching methods have been developed to maintain the population diversity to investigate many peaks in parallel and to reduce the effect of genetic drift using rigorous runtime analysis we analyse for the first time two well known niching methods probabilistic crowding and restricted tournament selection rts we incorporate both methods into a mu1ea on the bimodal function twomax where the goal is to find two optima at opposite ends of the search space in probabilistic crowding the offspring compete with their parents and the survivor is chosen proportionally to its fitness on twomax probabilistic crowding fails to find any reasonable solution quality even in exponential time in rts the offspring compete against the closest individual amongst w window size individuals we prove that rts fails if w is too small leading to exponential times with high probability however if w is chosen large enough it finds both optima for twomax in time omu n logn with high probability our theoretical results are accompanied by experimental studies that match the theoretical results and also shed light on parameters not covered by the theoretical results
|
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|
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|
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