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MIT-OCW-Transcripts

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ossicles in the middle ear,
conveying the vibrations
to the inner ear.
And I think we had an example of
one type of conductive hearing
loss.
If you have, obviously, an
interruption of that ossicular
chain, then the
vibrations are going
to be reduced in the inner
ear in the conduction pah--
because the conduction
path is interrupted.
So those are relatively
straightforward concepts,
and so consider those covered.
Today, I want to talk
about the, perhaps,
more common types
of hearing loss
that are grouped under
the name sensorineural
because the sensory cells, or
the nerve fibers themselves,
are damaged.
And in that case, it's
not so easy to understand
how we might correct
them by putting
in an artificial middle ear
ossicle or something like that.
This is a bit of a misnomer
in that perhaps 99% of hearing
loss and deafness of
this type was really
based on the sensory
cells, so the hair cells
are the prime culprit in people
who have sensorineural hearing
loss.
The most vulnerable,
of the two types
of hair cells we've
been talking about,
are the outer hair cells.
Any of the various causes that
we'll talk about that damage
our hearing affect
the outer hair
cells to a much greater degree
than the inner hair cells,
and the reason for
that is not known.
For some reason, the outer
hair cells are more vulnerable.
As we'll see in the very first
slide of today's lecture,
those hair cells in the
basal turn of the cochlea
are more vulnerable than those
in more a apical regions.
Reason for that is
not known either.
It's a very interesting