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5
442
600
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675
1,200
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640
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720
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29
736
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30
736
956
[ "Quantum", "mechanics", "Overview", "and", "fundamental", "Quantum", "mechanics", "allows", "the", "calculation", "of", "properties", "and", "behaviour", "of", "physical", "systems.", "It", "is", "typically", "applied", "to", "microscopic", "systems:", "molecules,", "atoms", "and", "subatomic", "particles.", "It", "has", "been", "demonstrated", "to", "hold", "for", "complex", "molecules", "with", "thousands", "of", "atoms,", "but", "its", "application", "to", "human", "beings", "raises", "philosophical", "problems,", "such", "as", "Wigner's", "friend,", "and", "its", "application", "to", "the", "universe", "as", "a", "whole", "remains", "speculative.", "Predictions", "of", "quantum", "mechanics", "have", "been", "verified", "experimentally", "to", "an", "extremely", "high", "degree", "of", "accuracy.", "For", "example,", "the", "refinement", "of", "quantum", "mechanics", "for", "the", "interaction", "of", "light", "and", "matter,", "known", "as", "quantum", "electrodynamics", "(QED),", "has", "been", "shown", "to" ]
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[ "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "O", "O", "O", "B-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "B-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "B-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "B-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "B-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "B-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "I-boxed", "B-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "I-underlined", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "I-strikethrough", "B-highlighted", "I-highlighted", "I-highlighted", "I-highlighted", "I-highlighted", "I-highlighted" ]
31
736
956
[ "Introduction", "to", "quantum", "mechanics", "History", "James", "C.", "Maxwell's", "unification", "of", "the", "equations", "governing", "electricity,", "magnetism,", "and", "light", "in", "the", "late", "19th", "century", "led", "to", "experiments", "on", "the", "interaction", "of", "light", "and", "matter.", "Some", "of", "these", "experiments", "had", "aspects", "which", "could", "not", "be", "explained", "until", "quantum", "mechanics", "emerged", "in", "the", "early", "part", "of", "the", "20th", "century.", "Wave–particle", "duality", "The", "concept", "of", "wave–particle", "duality", "says", "that", "neither", "the", "classical", "concept", "of", "\"particle\"", "nor", "of", "\"wave\"", "can", "fully", "describe", "the", "behavior", "of", "quantum-scale", "objects,", "either", "photons", "or", "matter.", "Wave–particle", "duality", "is", "an", "example", "of", "the", "principle", "of", "complementarity", "in", "quantum", "physics.", "An", "elegant", "example", "of", "wave-particle", "duality", "is", "the", "double-slit", "experiment.", "In", "the", "double-slit", "experiment,", "as", "originally", "performed", "by", "Thomas", "Young", "in", "1803,", "and", "then", "Augustin", "Fresnel", "a", "decade", "later,", "a", "beam", "of", "light", "is", "directed", "through", "two", "narrow,", "closely", "spaced", "slits,", "producing", "an", "interference", "pattern", "of", "light", "and", "dark", "bands", "on", "a", "screen.", "The", "same", "behavior", "can", "be", "demonstrated", "in", "water", "waves:", "the", "double-slit", "experiment", "was", "seen", "as", "a", "demonstration", "of", "the", "wave", "nature", "of", "light." ]
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