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The Jewel Wasp Standard Brain: Average shape atlas and morphology of the female Nasonia vitripennis brain Jitte Groothuisa, Keram Pfeifferb, Basil el Jundib, Hans M. Smida,* a Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands b Behavioral Physiology and Sociobio... |
provides access to models of these brains or subregions thereof, greatly increasing the ease with which they can be compared. Parasitic wasps are becoming increasingly important as subjects for neuroscienti fic research, for example to address the topics of behavioral manipulation (reviewed in Hughes and Libersat, 2018 ... |
medulla (ME), lamina (LA), anterior optic tubercle (AOTU), lateral horn (LH), antennal lobe (AL), mushroom body calyx (CA) and mushroom body pedunculus and (vertical &medial) lobes (PL), upper and lower division of the central body (CBU, CBL; also known as fan-shaped body and ellipsoid body, respectively, in flies), nod... |
3. 2. 1. 2. Medulla. The medulla ( Fig. 2 ) is the largest neuropil of the optic lobe (relative volume of 17. 66 ±0. 65%), located between the lamina and lobula. As in other insects (e. g. Sinakevitch et al., 2003 ), the medulla clearly consists of an inner and outer part. Though gradients in the morphological staining... |
a clear boundary between these neuropils (at the pedunculus divide, arrowhead in Fig. 3C ',E ') cannot be reliably made. The pedunculus runs from a more lateral and posterior position (ventral to the calyx) to a more anterior and medial location where it givesrise to the two lobes. The medial lobe is relatively short a... |
lacks clear demarcations. The lower central body is smaller than the upper central body, measuring 0. 14 ±0. 03% of the total neuropil. 3. 2. 3. 3. Protocerebral bridge. The protocerebral bridge (PB) lies embedded in the cell body rind, slightly posterior to the central body ( Fig. 4 A”). It has the classic handlebar s... |
protocerebrum. Unlike several other neuropils discussed above, it does not have a glial sheath ( Ito et al., 2014 ). As such, the interior boundary with other neuropils is not clearly de fined by a-Brp staining. 3. 2. 6. Antennal lobe The anteriorly located antennal lobe (AL; Fig. 7 ) consists of approximately 200 separ... |
from recently eclosed and naïve individuals, reducing effects of age-and experience-dependent plasticity. Second, potential in fluence of sex and genetic background was avoided by only using female wasps of the isogenic Asym Cx line, which is most widely used and has a sequenced genome. Third, the Jewel Wasp Standard Br... |
Gronenberg and Couvillon, 2010; Groothuis and Smid, 2017 ); we consider it likely that this is the case between species as well. The anterior optic tubercle has a prominent presence on the anterior face of the brain and is comparable in relative volume to what is reported for M. sexta moths (0. 43 e0. 44%) ( El Jundi e... |
An interactive 3-dimensional version of the JWSB is available on https://insectbraindb. org viahttps://hdl. handle. net/20. 500. 12158/ SIN-0000022. 2. Acknowledgements We thank M. Dicke for help in manuscript preparation, H. Schipper (Wageningen University &Research, Experimental Zoology) for use of the confocal laser... |
Mares, S., Ash, L., Gronenberg, W., 2005. Brain allometry in bumblebee and honey bee workers. Brain Behav. Evol. 66, 50 e61. Milyaev, N., Osumi-Sutherland, D., Reeve, S., Burton, N., Baldock, R. A., Armstrong, J. D., 2012. The Virtual Fly Brain browser and query interface. Bio-informatics 28, 411 e415. Mota, T., Gronen... |
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