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SALMA: Arabic Sense-Annotated Corpus and WSD Benchmarks Mustafa Jarrar, Sanad Malaysha, Tymaa Hammouda, Mohammed Khalilia Birzeit University, Palestine {mjarrar, smalaysha, thammouda, mkhalilia}@birzeit. edu Abstract SALMA, the first Arabic sense-annotated cor-pus, consists of ~34K tokens, which are all sense-annotated... | JMHK23.pdf |
relatedness to a token appearing within a context. The higher the score, the more semantically related the sense is. For better coverage, we annotated each token in our corpus using both lexicons inde-pendently and in parallel. The scores assigned to senses of the Modern do not influence the scoring of the Ghani senses... | JMHK23.pdf |
Corpus Unique Senses Annotation Type Corpus Size(tokens)Annotations Nouns Verbs Func. Words Punc. + Digits Total AQMAR25 semantic fields (closer to named entities)selected words each one sense65K ~22K---~22K Onto Notes5261 semantic fields (high-level grouped senses)selected words each one sense300K 8,700 4,300--13K SAL... | JMHK23.pdf |
Figure 1: Screenshot of our web-based annotation tool. 2020), which is not possible in the case of one-sense annotated corpora. 3. 3 Annotation Tool We developed a web-based tool optimized for our sense annotation framework and methodology. On the right side of Figure 1, the linguist selects a word to be annotated (suc... | JMHK23.pdf |
sense; this is an indication of a mistake or the lexi-con is missing this sense. (iii) if the selected sense is a proper noun, then all other senses should be ranked as Different. The linguists were asked to review these flagged annotations and revise them if necessary. The linguists were encouraged to discuss among th... | JMHK23.pdf |
our sense annotations contain scores (i. e., not dis-crete values), computing IAA is not straightfor-ward. We chose to use various evaluation met-rics especially those that take ranking into con-sideration. The IAA metrics used are: (i) Kappa, (ii) Linear Weighted Kappa (LWK), (ii) Quadratic Weighted Kappa (QWK), (iv) ... | JMHK23.pdf |
Rank 1 20. 6 0. 4 0. 7 0. 3[SEP] رؤﯾﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻧدة اﻷﻣرﯾﻛﯾﺔ\token>اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔtoken> ﺳﺎھﻣت ﻛﯾف [CLS] [SEP] ﺷُؤُوﻧِﮭﺎ وَﺗَدْﺑﯾرُ واﻟﺧﺎرِﺟِﯾﱠﺔِ اﻟدﱠاﺧِﻠِﯾﱠﺔِ أَﻋْﻣﺎﻟِﮭﺎ وَﺗَﺳْﯾِﯾرُ أُﻣورِھﺎ، ﺗَوَﻟﱢﻲ ': اﻟﺑِﻼدِ ﺳﯾﺎﺳَﺔُ' اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ ﺳﺎھﻣت ﻛﯾف رؤﯾﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻧدة اﻷﻣرﯾﻛﯾﺔ. واﻗِﻊٌ ھُوَ ﺑِﻣﺎ اﻟﺗﱠﺳْﻠﯾمُ أَي': اﻟواﻗِﻊِ اﻷَﻣْرِ ﺳِﯾﺎﺳَﺔُ' G... | JMHK23.pdf |
2. TSV : once we have the set of ncandidate glosses, we input to the TSV model a set of n context-gloss pairs, P={(c, gi)|∀gi∈G}, as illustrated with (p1, p2)in Figure 3. The target word wincis wrapped with special tokens "<token> w</token>", to emphasize the target word during training and testing of the TSV models. F... | JMHK23.pdf |
of Modern glosses (refer to IAA in Section 4); (ii) While window 11 and 5 have the highest WSD ac-curacy, the use of context windows does not make major difference (only 1. 4% for Modern and 0. 6% for Ghani); (iii) the ranking of the intended sense among the top 1, 2, and 3 senses illustrates a con-sistent and reasonab... | JMHK23.pdf |
Bartosz Broda, Michał Marci ´nczuk, Marek Maziarz, Adam Radziszewski, and Adam Wardy ´nski. 2012. KPWr: Towards a free corpus of Polish. In Proceed-ings of the Eighth International Conference on Lan-guage Resources and Evaluation (LREC'12), pages 3218-3222, Istanbul, Turkey. European Language Resources Association (ELR... | JMHK23.pdf |
Sanad Malaysha, Mustafa Jarrar, and Mohammad Khalilia. 2023. Context-gloss augmentation for im-proving arabic target sense verification. In Proceed-ings of the 12th International Global Wordnet Con-ference (GWC2023). Global Wordnet Association. Federico Martelli, Najla Kalach, Gabriele Tola, and Roberto Navigli. 2021. ... | JMHK23.pdf |
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