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Hot Potato Voice is seen in:
→ Retropharyngeal space infection.
→ Lateral pharyngeal / parapharyngeal / pterygomaxillary space infections.
→ Ludwig's Angina.
→ Peritonsillar abscess.
→ Acute epiglottitis in children.
→ Laryngeal tumors. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Many different species of fungi are found to involve the paranasal sinuses, the more common being the Aspergillus, Alternaria, Mucor or Rhizopus. "Most common type of fungal infection of nose and parsnasal sinuses are due to Aspergillus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus" | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis I. Exogenous HCO3-loads A. Acute alkali administration B. Milk-alkali syndrome II. Effective ECFV contraction, normotension, K+ deficiency, and secondary hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism A. Gastrointestinal origin 1. Vomiting 2. Gastric aspiration 3. Congenital chloridorrhea 4. Villous ad... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ref: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th Edition. Robbins Pathologic basis of disease, 8th edition. Page: & Vishnu Shot's Protein Energy Malnutrition. 1st ed.Peepee. Page: 121 135.Explanation:MARASMUS (Xonedeniatous malnutrition)It is characterized by failure to gain weight and irritability. followed by weight loss a... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Moving head is suddenly decelerated Countrecoup injury is caused when moving head is suddenly decelerated by hitting a firm surface. It can either be a subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Brain injuries Coup injury is defined as the injury of skull and/or brain at the site of impact, e.g. a blow on f... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Salmonellosis Diseases under international surveillance (WHO)o Rabieso Poliomyelitiso Salmonellosiso Louse bom typhus fevero Malariao Relapsing fevero Human influenza | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mis-sense mutation o Factor V Leiden (FVL1 mutation is a mis-sense type of point mutation in the gene for clotting factor V. As a missense substitution of base G to base A, it changes the protein's amino acid from arginine to glutamineo It has autosomal dominant inheritance and is the most common caus... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Baroreceptor sensitivity decreases with aging. This decline in baroreceptor sensitivity alters the central nervous system control of sympathetic nervous outflow. Due to this insensitive baroreceptor, large change in blood pressure is needed to activate the baroreceptor and produce an appropriate compensatory response. ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
C i.e. Oogenesis | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans is 'd' i.e. Chlorhexidine "Chlorhexidine is now the disinfectant recommended for all catheter placement procedures and for routine site cleansing during dressing changes."- Comprehensive Hospital Medicine: An Evidence-Based And Systems Approach By Mark V. Williams, Scott A. Flanders, p320 "Use of antiseptic solutio... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Caffey's disease is also called as infantile cortical hyperostosis. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Vasopressin Coicotropin, Dopamine & Glucagon use cAMP as second messenger Vasopressin uses both phosphatidylinositol & cAMP as second messengers Vasopressin has three kinds of receptors ? - act through phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis - V1B to increase the intracellular Ca2+ concentration - V2 act through G5 to increase... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Androgen o Sertoli cells are under the control of FSH, i.e., have receptors for FSH. When stimulated by FSH, these cells secrete androgen binding protein (ABP), inhibin and MIS (mullerian inhibiting substance). Sertoli cells also contain aromatase; the enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens. Besi... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Treatment of septal hematoma is performed small incisions through the mucoperichondrium to evacuate the blood. After the drainage the nose is packed or quilting stitches are put in. Silicone stents can also be used to prevent re-accumulation of the hematoma. If left untreated, it may result in cailage necrosis with sub... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Extorsion | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. D: Collecting ductsBecause one of its principal physiologic effects is the retention of water by the kidney, vasopressin is often called the antidiuretic hormone (ADH).It increases the permeability of the collecting ducts of the kidney, so that water enters the hypeonic interstitium of the renal pyramids.The urine... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. Eight times | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Refer kDT 7/e p516.. Medical useEdit Irregular heabeatEdit The most common indications for digoxin are atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter with rapid ventricular response, though beta blockers and/or calcium channel blockers are often preferred. There is tentative evidence that digoxin may increase the risk of death... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
. Treatment is antibiotics,radical wound excision with removal of pus and all necrosed muscle and compament release haemodialysis is needed until recovery if there is renal failure later secondary suturing or skin grafting is needed. (Ref: SRB's Manual of surgery,5th edition,pg no.65) | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. a (Trypanosoma cruzi). (Ref. Harrison's medicine 16th ed. 1239)CHAGAS'DISEASE# Agent and Vector:- Trypanosoma cruzi (a protozoan) is transmitted through infected insect feces deposited near the bite of blood- sucking insects, especially "reduviid" or "kissing bugs"; and also perinatally, through transfusion, or th... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The skin consists of two layers
1. Epidermis
Most superficial layer of the skin. It is constantly replaced from the basal layer.
2. Dermis
It is thicker than epidermis and supplies the strength and integrity to the skin
It has a rich blood supply
It contains adnexal structures i.e.→ Hair follicles, Sebaceous glands... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Atrial premature contraction mc benign rhythm during extended ECG monitoring. Asymptomatic, although some patients experience palpitations or an irregularity of the pulse. ECG -Identification of P wave that occurs before the anticipated sinus beat. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. A i.e. 350 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The features of microfilaria of W. bancrofti are: General appearance: Graceful, sweeping curves. Free cephalic space: As long as broad.
Excretory pore: Not prominent:
Caudal end: Uniformly tapering to a delicate point and no terminal nuclei present.
5. Nuclear column: Nuclei discrete; Important points
Microfila... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The major associations of hypothyroidism in pregnancy are high fetal wastage, aboion, still bih and prematurity, deficient intellectual function. A high association of pre-eclampsia and anemia are also seen with hypothyroidism. So by exclusion we can put the answer as polyhydramnios. Ref: Textbook of Obstetrics By D. C... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The Vestibulocochlear nerve emerges from the brain at the cerebellopontine angle and exits the cranium the internal acoustic meatus of the temporal bone. Within the distal aspect of the internal acoustic meatus, the vestibulocochlear nerve splits, forming the vestibular nerve and the cochlear nerve . Ref - Sciencedirec... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Pyrogenic exotoxin Most strains of streptococcus pyogenes produce one or more toxins that are called pyrogenic exotoxins because of their ability to induce fever. Three types of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins have been identified, i.e. A, B, and C. - "The genes of SPE "A" and SPE 'C' are transmitted between the stra... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Trigeminal nerve o Afferent of corneal reflex - Trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic branch)o Efferent of comeal reflex - Facial nerve Touching the cornea|Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve (afferent)|Superior sensory nucleus of trigeminal|Medial longitudinal bundle|Motor nucleus of VII cranial nerve|Facia... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (c) BlueRef: Surgery Sixer 2nd Edition Page 14In our Hospitals commonly available cannulas for resuscitation are:* Grey: 16 G* Green: 18 G* Pink: 20 G* Blue: 22 G* Yellow: 24 G | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
ANSWER: (C) OndansetronREF: Goodman Gillman 11th ed p. 536Based upon reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness when apomorphine was introduced with ondansetron. Due to the risk of dangerously low blood pressure (hypotension) and loss of consciousness, ondansetron and apomorphine should not be combined.O... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. B: Using modern technologies in hospitals The Objectives of the national mental health programme are: To ensure availability and accessibility of minimum mental health care for all in the foreseeable future, paicularly to the most vulnerable and underprivileged sections of population; To encourage application of m... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Etiology of infective endocarditis The causative organisms differ depending on the underlying risk factors. Fifty percent to 60% of cases of endocarditis occurring on damaged or deformed valves are caused by Streptococcus viridans, a relatively banal group of normal oral flora. By contrast, the more virulent S. aureus ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer- A. Autosomal dominant inheritanceIt is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which results in oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding problems due to a platelet abnormality (platelet dysfunction), storage of an abnormal fat-protein compound.Chromosome 10q23 is affected.There are eight classic forms of the disorder in w... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., White phosphorous o Phossy jaw is caused by chronic phosphorus poisoning.o Toothache is the first symptom which is associated with loosening of teeth, necrosis of gums and osteomyelitis of jaw. Therefore chronic phosphorus poisoning is also known as phossy jaw (or glass jaw).o All phosphorus poisoning... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ducts of Baholin's gland are lined with transitional epithelium and their obstruction secondary to inflammation may lead to the development of a Baholin's cyst or abscess. Infections are often polymicrobial; sexually transmitted Neisseria gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis are often implicated. Abscesses usually present as... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
* Clear cell carcinoma arises from Proximal Convoluted Tubule * Most common ,associated with VHL gene mutation, invade the renal vein& bony secondaries. * Clinical features : -Hematuria -Palpable mass -Costoveebral pain -Fever/ weight loss/malaise * It is not a childhood tumor. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
(Kaposi - sarcoma) (256 - R) (164- Basic pathology 8th)* Patients with AIDS have a high incidence of certain tumours especially Kaposi-sarcoma, non hodgkins B-cell lymphoma, cervical cancer in women and anal cancer in men* Kaposi - sarcoma is a vascular tumour that is otherwise rare in US is the most common neoplasm in... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans: d (It is multi-directional) Ref: Vasudevan 4th ed/ p. 16Active transport is not multi-directional. It is unidirectional.Active transport: -It requires energy.It is unidirectional.-It requires specialised proteins called Transporters.It is saturable.These transporters are susceptible to inhibition.Note:Facilitated ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (a) Baby fed with a bottle finding it difficult and confusing to suckle at breastRef: OP Ghai 8th ed./153* A problem that may beset a bottlefed baby in which it forgets how to nurse on mother' nipple* Breastfeeding requires far more vigorous mouth and tongue motions and greater muscle coordination than bottlefeedi... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Lesser occipital (C2) , Great auricular (C2, C3), Anterior cutaneous nerve of neck(C2, C3), Supraclavicular nerves (C3, C4) are four cutaneous branches of cervical plexus. Suprascapular nerve is a branch of Brachial plexus. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
- disaster management has three fundamental aspects; disaster response disaster preparedness disaster mitigation - the disaster cycle progress from response, rehabilitation, reconstruction, mitigation and preparedness. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:795,796 <\p> | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
2Ans: c (Familial short stature) Ref: OP Ghai, 6th ed, p. 50In familial short stature, bone age is equal to chronological age.Familial short stature* Short parents* Short child* Bone age normal i.e.,= chronological age* Ht < expected for age i.e., height age is reduced* Ht age < chronological age =bone ageCongenital hy... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. C: Adhesions of the margins of the two lids Paial or complete adhesion of the edge of one eyelid to that of the other is known as ankyloblepharon. It may occasionally result from a cicatrizing lesion of the eyelid margins or following tarsorrhaphy. It may also be congenital in which case the eyelids are joined tog... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer. A (VI): Normal P wave may be seen as a Biphasic wave in lead V1. 'The normal P wave in lead V1 may be biphasic with a positive component reflecting right atrial depolarization followed by a small (<1 mm') negative component reflecting left atrial depolarization' - Harrison Note: The normal P wave is negative (i... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tubal tonsil Waldeyer's ring of lymphoid tissue Waldeyer's ring refers to the group of lymphatic organs that "guards" the oropharynx and nasopharynx in a roughly circular pattern, providing surveillance for pathogens or other foreign materials and mounting a defensive immunoresponse. The right and lef... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Delayed pubey: Girls: Absence of secondary sexual characters by 13 yrs of age / Absence of menarche by 16 years of age / within 5 yrs of onset of pubey Boys: Lack of pubeal changes by 14 yrs of age | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., C.N. 3, 4, 5, 6 The superior orbital fissure is a cleft between the lesser and greater wing of sphenoid.The structures passed through superior orbital fissure are 3rd, 4th, 6th nerve, ophthalmic division of 5th nerve, superior & inferior division of ophthalmic vein and sympathetic fibres. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Uncorrected refractive error remains a major cause of vision loss throughout the world. When included in the global statistics, uncorrected refractive error accounts for over 18% of profound vision loss, with a much larger percentage of moderate and severe vision loss. Ref: Pirbhai A, Kent S, Hodge W.G. (2011). Chapter... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2300 GroupCatetory/AgeBodyweight (kg)New energy (kcal/d)Protein (g/d)Visible Fat (mg/d)Calcium (mg/d)Iron (mg/d)Zinc (mg/d)Magnesium (Mg/d)ManSedentary work 2,320 25 Moderate work602,73060.0306001712340 Heavy work 3,490 40 WomanSedentary work 1,900 20 Moderate work 2,23055.0256002110 Heavy work552,850... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
B. i.e. (Capsular invasion) (768 - 69- Basic pathology 8th)* The follicular thyroid carcinoma is impossible to distinguish from follicular adenomas on gross examination. This distinction requires extensive histologic sampling of the tumor-capsule- thyroid interface, to exclude capsule and or vascular invasion (768 - Ba... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Virilization reflects higher androgen levels, possibly androgen-producing tumor of ovary or adrenal gland. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Benedict's test is a semi-quantitative test, means it gives an idea of the quantity of sugar present depending upon the Color. Blue color indicates no sugar is present. Green/ yellow color indicates trace of sugar is present. Orange red color indicates lasrge amount of sugar is present Brick Red color indicates reducin... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The parachute reflex occurs at 7-8 months of age and remains throughout life. It can be evoked by holding the infant&;s trunk and then suddenly lowering the infant as if he or she were falling. The arms will spontaneously extend to break the infant&;s fall. This reflex is a prerequisite to walking. Ref: Nelson textbook... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Corneal opacity Vernal kerato conjunctivitis (spring cattarrh) Spring cattarrh is an allergic inflammation of conjunctiva which is characterized by recurrent, bilateral, inter?stitial, selflimiting conjunctivitis that becomes aggravated during spring and summer period. It is considered to be Type I hy... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
.secondary attack rate is defined as the number of exposed persons developing the disease within the range of the incubation period following exposure to a primary case.its application is limited only to infectious diseases,in which the primary case is infective,.duration of exposure is also an impoant factor in determ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 120 mm Hg Pressures in various nordons of CVSo Right ventricleo Left ventricleo Right atriumo Left atriumo Aortao Pulmonary artery------25/0 mm Hg (systolic/diastolic)120/0 mm Hg2 mm Hg5 mm Hg120/80 mm Hg25/8 mm Hg | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Barrier contraceptive | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
(A) Glycogen # L eigh's disease or, subacute Necrotizing Encephalopathy> Is characterized by an arrest of psychomotor development, feeding problem, seizures, extraocular palsies, and weakness with hypotonia between one and 2 years of age> The cardinal Laboratory finding is lactic Addenda> Various biochemical abnormalit... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Infection: Entry of organism and its multiplication and/or development in host
Infestation: Lodgement, development and reproduction of arthropods on surface of body or clothes
Contamination: Presence of infectious organism on body or in clothings/beds/ toys/surgical instruments/dressings/ in-animate objects
Contagion: ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is d i.e., Veigo Infection of mastoid and middle ear may be complicated by the spread of infection within the temporal bone into petrous apex. Petrositis is an extension of infection from middle ear and mastoid to the petrous pa of the temporal bone. Gradenigo's syndrome is the classical presentation and consists ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - used to amplify small amount of DNA In 1983, Kary Mullis developed a new technique that made it possible to synthesize large quantities of a DNA fragment without cloning it. Basic Steps involved in PCR are: a) DNA extraction from microorganism b) Amplification of extracted DNA- 3 steps... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer is A (Splenomegaly) Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy are rare in primary Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura and their presence should lead one to consider other possible diagnosis - Robbins Clinical manifestations Clinical signs and symptoms of ITP are reflective of thrombocytopenia (Bleeding manifestations due... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans: b (type 2)Ref: Kuby's Immunology, 6th ed. Pg. 371-396.Hypersensitivity* Type I hypersensitivity - Ig E mediated- Causes systemic anaphylaxis and localized atopy- Detection includes skin testing by intradermal injection or by superficial scratching which helps in screening of allergens* Type II hypersensitivity- an... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
emodynamically Stable patients with omental protrusion should be investigated thoroughly first with an abdomino-pelvic contrast enhanced CT scan, before proceeding to surgery. Exploratory Laparotomy is not an absolute indication for this case. Ref: Reference: Trauma: A Comprehensive Emergency Medicine Approach By Eric ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
This patient has a prolapsed interveebral disk at L4-L5 level. Herniated disk at this level will compress the 5th lumbar nerve root. In such cases sensory deficit would be along the medial side of the leg and in the web spaces between the first and the second toe. Weak dorsiflexion is also expected as 5th lumbar nerve ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. B i.e. Sickle cell anemiaSplenomegalySplenomegaly refers strictly to spleen enlargement, and is distinct from hyperspineism , which connotes overactive function by a spleen of any size.Splenomegaly and hypersplenism should not be confused. Each may be found separately, or they may coexist.Clinically if a spleen is... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., ASDR o Age standardized death rate (ASDR) is best mortality' indicator.o Age adjustment or age standardization removes the confounding effect of different age structures of two different population and yields a single standardized rate, by which the mortality' experience can be compared directly.Direc... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Missense mutation causes change in codon so that it codes for a different amino acid. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans: A (Insert a large bore needle on right side) Ref: Harrison's Textbook of Internal Medicine, 17th ed. chapter 257Explanation:The answer is insert a large bore needle on the right side.The clinical features are indicative of tension pneumothorax.Presence of chest pain, shortness of breath, oxygen saturation not impr... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ by ascorbic acid and apical membrane ferrireductases that include duodenal cytochrome b (dcytb). Most of the iron in the diet is in the ferric (Fe3+) form, whereas it is the ferrous (Fe2+) form that is absorbed. Fe3+ reductase activity is associated with the iron transpoer in the brush borders o... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ref: Textbook of pathology (Harsh Mohan) 6th edition, page No.473 Histologically, hallmark of viral pneumonias is the interstitial nature of the inflammatory reaction. The microscopic features are as under i) Interstitial inflammation: There is thickening of alveolar walls due to congestion, oedema and mononuclear infl... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Sclerostin (SOST) is a glycoprotein produced by osteocytes. They also synthesize receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL). Both of these are involved in regulating bone formation and resorption. EXTRA EDGE: Romosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to sclerostin, prevents sclerostin fro... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Nux vomica seeds contain strychnine.
Strychnine is used as a respiratory stimulant, rodenticide, cattle poison, and for killing stray dogs. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The nohern blot is a technique used in molecular biology research to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample. A general blotting procedure stas with extraction of total RNA from a homogenized tissue sample or from cells. Eukaryotic mRNA can then be isolated through the use of oligo (dT)... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
This patient most likely has Cushing Syndrome because of positive screening test of 24-hr urinary coisol level. It is a secondary cause of Cushing Syndrome due to elevated ACTH levels. This may be either due to a pituitary adenoma or an ectopic source such as small cell lung cancer. MRI head would reveal any adenoma of... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Superficial spreading carcinoma is also known as early gastric cancer, superficial carcinoma is confined to mucosa and submucosa. These cancers have excellent prognosis ( approximately 90% 5 yea survival) after resection. Ref: CSDT 13/e, Page 501. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. A. Phosphatidylinositol(Ref: Harper 31/e page 202)PhosphatidylinositolPhosphatidylinositol presents in the cell membrane.The inositol is present as its stereoisomer, myoinositol.Plays an important role in cell signaling and membrane trafficking.Phosphatidyl inositol is a precursor of second messenger in hormonal p... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer- C. During micturitionCauses of pain in the penis experienced during micturitionDisease of the urethraAcute inflammation, gonorrhoeal/non-specific urethritis (NSU)' chemical or otherThe passage or impaction of a calculusStricture ofthe urethraInjury to the urethraForeign body in the urethraDisease of the prostat... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
There are 4 types of epiphysis in the body: Pressure epiphysis Traction epiphysis Atavistic epiphysis Aberrant epiphysis -Aicular ends(takes pa in transmission of weight) Example- Head of femur - Nonaicular(does not take pa in transmission of weight) *Provides attachment to one or more tendons which exe traction on the... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Carmustine belongs to the group of alkylating agents. It interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed. Since the growth of normal body cells may also be affected by carmustine, other effects may occur. Carmustine injection is used alone or together with other medicines to treat ceain type ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (c) Used as nibbler and remove fibrous tissue from non-union siteRef: Textbook of Orthopedics 4th Ed by John Ebnezar; Page No- 861* It is a Double-action bone nibbler (Rounger). The double- action nibblers are mechanically superior.* Bone nibbler is available in various sizes and with different angle of the nose.#... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (B). Bridging veins are rupturedPhotograph shows extra dural hematoms; bleeding outside the dura and compressing the underlying brainparenchyma.The source of extradural hematoma is middle meningeal artery | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Autism Absent social smile Lack of eye to eye contact Lack of awareness of others existence or feelings and treats people as furniture Lack of attachment to parents and absence of separation anxiety No or abnormal social play prefers solitary games Marked impairment in making friends Absence of fear in presence of dang... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
"The periodic acid schiff (PAS) and methenamine silver stains are valuable methods for the demonstration of fungal elements in tissue sections." | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury Post thyroidectomy nerve injuriesUnilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injuryHoarseness of voiceBilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injuryAdduction of vocal cords- difficulty in breathingsuperior laryngeal nerve injuryLoss of pitch in voice | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve is more prone to paralysis compared to right one because of its much longer course. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Orbicularis oculi shuts the eyes when contracted. It is a muscle of facial expression and is, therefore, innervated by the facial nerve. The four rectii muscles arise from the tendinous ring around the optic foramen, and medial pa of the superior orbital fissure. Superior oblique arises superior and medial to the ring ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Secondary immune response is mediated by IgG, IgM - Primary Immune response, IgA - Secretory Immunoglobulin found in glandular secretions and serum, IgE - Type I HS Reactions Ref : Ananthanarayana textbook of Microbiology 9th edition Pgno : 96-98 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Trabeculectomy + Trabeculotomy is the treatment of choice for congenital glaucoma patients. Rx Goniotomy: initial procedure --> done with von graefe knife -->direct visualization of angle by direct gonioscope. Trabeculectomy + Trabeculotomy: Procedure of Choice. Response to Medical Mx not good. Brimonidine is contraind... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
<p>In contrast to alpha thalassemia ,gene deletion rarely ever causes beta thalassemia & is only seen in an entity called hereditary persistence of foetal hemoglobin (HPFH).</p><p>In the given case scenario ,HbA2 is within normal limit (1.5-3.5%) in contrast to thalassemia where the HbA2 will be increased .</p><p>Refer... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (A) Carboxylation(Ref: Katzung 10/e p549, 550; KDT 8/e p667)Vitamin K is involved in activation of various clotting factors (like II, VII, IX and X) as well as anti-clotting proteins (like protein C and S). It carries out the final step in activation of these factors i.e. gamma carboxylation of glutamate residues ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Primaquine o Drugs which act on exoerythrocytic stage in liver (hypnozoites) are used for radical cure. Primaquine is the only drug which is used for radical cure. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. Right ventricle | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Palmer grasp goes at age of 4 monthTransfer object hand to hand 5.5 monthThe purposeful movement staed when there is an absence of Palmer group, so an above option best answer is 6 month(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 2798) | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The transversus thoracis muscle is a thin muscle on the inner surface of the anterior thoracic wall. It doesnot extend till mid axillary line, hence no question of piercing . Image ref- researchgate.net | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Thrombocytopenia is found as an adverse reaction of MMR vaccine. Usually mild and self-limiting, occasionally may need steroid or platelet. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 107. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
HOX gene( Homeobox gene). Normal morphogenesis during development include Implicated in the patterning of limbs, veebrae, and craniofacial structures. Possess retinoic acid response elements(RAREs)- Required for mediating both physiologic and pathologic effects of retinoids Mutations of HOXD13 cause synpolydactylyin he... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
<p> The time required for the development of the parasite from the gametocyte to sporozoite stage in the body of mosquito is about 10-20 days . This period is also referred to as the &; extrinsic incubation period&;. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:258 <\p> | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer is C (Atrial flutter) "Digitalis is Projibrillatory but its administration does not cause Atrial Flutter" Digitalis causes several disturbances in cardiac rhythm. Various manifestations seen are elaborated in the table below. Atrial Flutter has notably not been mentioned. Manifestations of digitalis toxicity Car... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
This is a case of filariasis (acute lymphadenitis) due to Wuchereria bancrofti. Microfilariae are found in blood, hydrocoele and other body fluids. Most commonly spread by the Culex mosquito. Signs and symptoms Fever Inguinal or axillary lymphadenopathy Testicular and/or inguinal pain Skin exfoliation Limb or genital s... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
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