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vertical_strip (hfd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)) (hB : ∃ (c < π / (b - a)) B, f =O[comap (has_abs.abs ∘ im) at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)] (λ z, expR (B * expR (c * |z.im|)))) (hle_a : ∀ z : ℂ, re z = a → ‖f z‖ ≤ C) (hle_b : ∀ z, re z = b → ‖f z‖ ≤ C) (hza : a ≤ re z) (hzb : re z ≤ b) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin suffices : ‖(λ z, f (z * (-I))) (z * I)‖ ≤ C, by simpa [mul_assoc] using this, have H : maps_to (λ z, z * (-I)) (im ⁻¹' Ioo a b) (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b), { intros z hz, simpa using hz }, refine horizontal_strip (hfd.comp (differentiable_id.mul_const _).diff_cont_on_cl H) _ (λ z hz, hle_a _ _) (λ z hz, hle_b ...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.vertical_strip
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "diff_cont_on_cl", "mul_assoc" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in a strip `U = {z : ℂ | a < re z < b}`. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable on `U` and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * exp(c * |im z|))` on `U` for some `c < π / (b - a)`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by a con...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_vertical_strip (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)) (hB : ∃ (c < π / (b - a)) B, f =O[comap (has_abs.abs ∘ im) at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)] (λ z, expR (B * expR (c * |z.im|)))) (ha : ∀ z : ℂ, re z = a → f z = 0) (hb : ∀ z : ℂ, re z = b → f z = 0) : eq_on f 0 (re ⁻¹' Icc a b)
λ z hz, norm_le_zero_iff.1 $ vertical_strip hd hB (λ z hz, (ha z hz).symm ▸ norm_zero.le) (λ z hz, (hb z hz).symm ▸ norm_zero.le) hz.1 hz.2
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_vertical_strip
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in a strip `U = {z : ℂ | a < re z < b}`. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable on `U` and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * exp(c * |im z|))` on `U` for some `c < π / (b - a)`; * `f z = 0` on the boundary of `U`. The...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_vertical_strip {g : ℂ → E} (hdf : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)) (hBf : ∃ (c < π / (b - a)) B, f =O[comap (has_abs.abs ∘ im) at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)] (λ z, expR (B * expR (c * |z.im|)))) (hdg : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g (re ⁻¹' Ioo a b)) (hBg : ∃ (c < π / (b - a)) B, g =O[comap (has_abs.abs ∘ im) ...
λ z hz, sub_eq_zero.1 (eq_zero_on_vertical_strip (hdf.sub hdg) (is_O_sub_exp_exp hBf hBg) (λ w hw, sub_eq_zero.2 (ha w hw)) (λ w hw, sub_eq_zero.2 (hb w hw)) hz)
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_vertical_strip
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in a strip `U = {z : ℂ | a < re z < b}`. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable on `U` and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * exp(c * |im z|))` on `U` for some `c < π / (b - a)`; * `f z = g z` ...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quadrant_I (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → ‖f x‖ ≤ C) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz_re : 0 ≤ z.re) (hz_im : 0 ≤ z.im) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin -- The case `z = 0` is trivial. rcases eq_or_ne z 0 with rfl|hzne, { exact hre 0 le_rfl }, -- Otherwise, `z = e ^ ζ` for some `ζ : ℂ`, `0 < Im ζ < π / 2`. obtain ⟨ζ, hζ, rfl⟩ : ∃ ζ : ℂ, ζ.im ∈ Icc 0 (π / 2) ∧ exp ζ = z, { refine ⟨log z, _, exp_log hzne⟩, rw log_im, exact ⟨arg_nonneg_iff.2 hz_im,...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.quadrant_I
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "continuous_within_at", "diff_cont_on_cl", "div_div_cancel'", "div_pos", "eq_or_ne", "exp", "inf_sup_right", "le_rfl", "lift", "mul_comm", "mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right", "one_mul", "real.cos_pi_div_two", "real.cos_pos_of_mem_Ioo", "real.exp_le_exp", "real.exp_mul", "r...
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the first quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open first quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open first quadrant for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from abov...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_quadrant_I (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → f x = 0) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → f (x * I) = 0) : eq_on f 0 {z | 0 ≤ z.re ∧ 0 ≤ z.im}
λ z hz, norm_le_zero_iff.1 $ quadrant_I hd hB (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ him x hx) hz.1 hz.2
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_quadrant_I
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the first quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open first quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open first quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `c < 2`; * `f` is equal t...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_quadrant_I (hdf : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hBf : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hdg : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hBg : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, g =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR...
λ z hz, sub_eq_zero.1 $ eq_zero_on_quadrant_I (hdf.sub hdg) (is_O_sub_exp_rpow hBf hBg) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ him x hx) hz
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_quadrant_I
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the first quadrant. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable in the open first quadrant and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open first quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quadrant_II (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → ‖f x‖ ≤ C) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz_re : z.re ≤ 0) (hz_im : 0 ≤ z.im) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin obtain ⟨z, rfl⟩ : ∃ z', z' * I = z, from ⟨z / I, div_mul_cancel _ I_ne_zero⟩, simp only [mul_I_re, mul_I_im, neg_nonpos] at hz_re hz_im, change ‖(f ∘ (* I)) z‖ ≤ C, have H : maps_to (* I) (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0) (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0), { intros w hw, simpa only [mem_re_prod_im, mul_I_re, mul_I_im, neg_lt_zero, m...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.quadrant_II
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl", "div_mul_cancel", "map_mul", "mul_assoc", "mul_neg_one", "mul_one" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the second quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open second quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open second quadrant for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from a...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_quadrant_II (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → f x = 0) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → f (x * I) = 0) : eq_on f 0 {z | z.re ≤ 0 ∧ 0 ≤ z.im}
λ z hz, norm_le_zero_iff.1 $ quadrant_II hd hB (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ him x hx) hz.1 hz.2
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_quadrant_II
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the second quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open second quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open second quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `c < 2`; * `f` is equa...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_quadrant_II (hdf : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hBf : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hdg : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)) (hBg : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, g =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0)] (λ z, exp...
λ z hz, sub_eq_zero.1 $ eq_zero_on_quadrant_II (hdf.sub hdg) (is_O_sub_exp_rpow hBf hBg) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ him x hx) hz
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_quadrant_II
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the second quadrant. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable in the open second quadrant and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open second quadrant for some `A`, `B`, an...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quadrant_III (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → ‖f x‖ ≤ C) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz_re : z.re ≤ 0) (hz_im : z.im ≤ 0) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin obtain ⟨z, rfl⟩ : ∃ z', -z' = z, from ⟨-z, neg_neg z⟩, simp only [neg_re, neg_im, neg_nonpos] at hz_re hz_im, change ‖(f ∘ has_neg.neg) z‖ ≤ C, have H : maps_to has_neg.neg (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0) (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0), { intros w hw, simpa only [mem_re_prod_im, neg_re, neg_im, neg_lt_zero, mem_Iio] using hw },...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.quadrant_III
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl", "neg_mul" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the third quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open third quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp (B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open third quadrant for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from abo...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_quadrant_III (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → f x = 0) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → f (x * I) = 0) : eq_on f 0 {z | z.re ≤ 0 ∧ z.im ≤ 0}
λ z hz, norm_le_zero_iff.1 $ quadrant_III hd hB (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ him x hx) hz.1 hz.2
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_quadrant_III
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the third quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open third quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open third quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `c < 2`; * `f` is equal t...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_quadrant_III (hdf : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hBf : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hdg : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hBg : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, g =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Iio 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, ex...
λ z hz, sub_eq_zero.1 $ eq_zero_on_quadrant_III (hdf.sub hdg) (is_O_sub_exp_rpow hBf hBg) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ him x hx) hz
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_quadrant_III
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the third quadrant. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable in the open third quadrant and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open third quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quadrant_IV (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → ‖f x‖ ≤ C) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz_re : 0 ≤ z.re) (hz_im : z.im ≤ 0) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin obtain ⟨z, rfl⟩ : ∃ z', -z' = z, from ⟨-z, neg_neg z⟩, simp only [neg_re, neg_im, neg_nonpos, neg_nonneg] at hz_re hz_im, change ‖(f ∘ has_neg.neg) z‖ ≤ C, have H : maps_to has_neg.neg (Iio 0 ×ℂ Ioi 0) (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0), { intros w hw, simpa only [mem_re_prod_im, neg_re, neg_im, neg_lt_zero, neg_pos,...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.quadrant_IV
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl", "neg_mul" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the fourth quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open fourth quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open fourth quadrant for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from a...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_quadrant_IV (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hB : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 ≤ x → f x = 0) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, x ≤ 0 → f (x * I) = 0) : eq_on f 0 {z | 0 ≤ z.re ∧ z.im ≤ 0}
λ z hz, norm_le_zero_iff.1 $ quadrant_IV hd hB (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, norm_le_zero_iff.2 $ him x hx) hz.1 hz.2
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_quadrant_IV
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the fourth quadrant. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open fourth quadrant and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open fourth quadrant for some `A`, `B`, and `c < 2`; * `f` is equa...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_quadrant_IV (hdf : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hBf : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hdg : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)) (hBg : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, g =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 (Ioi 0 ×ℂ Iio 0)] (λ z, exp...
λ z hz, sub_eq_zero.1 $ eq_zero_on_quadrant_IV (hdf.sub hdg) (is_O_sub_exp_rpow hBf hBg) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ hre x hx) (λ x hx, sub_eq_zero.2 $ him x hx) hz
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_quadrant_IV
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the fourth quadrant. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable in the open fourth quadrant and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open fourth quadrant for some `A`, `B`, an...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
right_half_plane_of_tendsto_zero_on_real (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f {z | 0 < z.re}) (hexp : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 {z | 0 < z.re}] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : tendsto (λ x : ℝ, f x) at_top (𝓝 0)) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz : 0 ≤ z.re) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin /- We are going to apply the Phragmen-Lindelöf principle in the first and fourth quadrants. The lemmas immediately imply that for any upper estimate `C'` on `‖f x‖`, `x : ℝ`, `0 ≤ x`, the number `max C C'` is an upper estimate on `f` in the whole right half-plane. -/ revert z, have hle : ∀ C', (∀ x : ℝ,...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.right_half_plane_of_tendsto_zero_on_real
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "bot_sup_eq", "complex.abs", "complex.abs_of_nonneg", "continuous_on", "diff_cont_on_cl", "exists_prop", "ge_mem_nhds", "inf_le_inf_left", "inf_le_left", "inf_sup_right", "is_closed_Ici", "is_max_on", "le_abs_self", "le_rfl", "real.cocompact_eq" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the right half-plane. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open right half-plane and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open right half-plane for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded fro...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
right_half_plane_of_bounded_on_real (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f {z | 0 < z.re}) (hexp : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 {z | 0 < z.re}] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : is_bounded_under (≤) at_top (λ x : ℝ, ‖f x‖)) (him : ∀ x : ℝ, ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) (hz : 0 ≤ z.re) : ‖f z‖ ≤ C
begin -- For each `ε < 0`, the function `λ z, exp (ε * z) • f z` satisfies assumptions of -- `right_half_plane_of_tendsto_zero_on_real`, hence `‖exp (ε * z) • f z‖ ≤ C` for all `ε < 0`. -- Taking the limit as `ε → 0`, we obtain the required inequality. suffices : ∀ᶠ ε : ℝ in 𝓝[<] 0, ‖exp (ε * z) • f z‖ ≤ C, ...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.right_half_plane_of_bounded_on_real
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "Exists₃.imp", "complex.abs", "continuous_const", "diff_cont_on_cl", "exp", "le_of_tendsto", "mul_le_of_le_one_left", "mul_nonpos_of_nonpos_of_nonneg", "mul_zero", "nhds_within_le_nhds", "norm_smul", "one_mul", "real.exp_zero", "self_mem_nhds_within" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the right half-plane. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open right half-plane and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open right half-plane for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded fro...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_zero_on_right_half_plane_of_superexponential_decay (hd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f {z | 0 < z.re}) (hexp : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 {z | 0 < z.re}] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hre : superpolynomial_decay at_top expR (λ x, ‖f x‖)) (him : ∃ C, ∀ x : ℝ, ‖f (x * I)‖ ≤ C) : eq_on ...
begin rcases him with ⟨C, hC⟩, -- Due to continuity, it suffices to prove the equality on the open right half-plane. suffices : ∀ z : ℂ, 0 < z.re → f z = 0, { simpa only [closure_set_of_lt_re] using eq_on.of_subset_closure this hd.continuous_on continuous_on_const subset_closure subset.rfl }, -- Conside...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_zero_on_right_half_plane_of_superexponential_decay
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "complex.abs_pow", "continuous_on_const", "diff_cont_on_cl", "diff_cont_on_cl.smul", "exp", "mul_le_mul", "mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left", "mul_zero", "norm_smul", "one_lt_two", "one_mul", "one_pow", "real.exp_add", "real.exp_le_exp", "real.exp_nat_mul", "real.exp_pos", ...
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the right half-plane. Let `f : ℂ → E` be a function such that * `f` is differentiable in the open right half-plane and is continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` is bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open right half-plane for some `c < 2`; * `‖f z‖` is bounded fro...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_on_right_half_plane_of_superexponential_decay {g : ℂ → E} (hfd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ f {z | 0 < z.re}) (hgd : diff_cont_on_cl ℂ g {z | 0 < z.re}) (hfexp : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, f =O[comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 {z | 0 < z.re}] (λ z, expR (B * (abs z) ^ c))) (hgexp : ∃ (c < (2 : ℝ)) B, g =O[comap complex.abs at...
begin suffices : eq_on (f - g) 0 {z : ℂ | 0 ≤ z.re}, by simpa only [eq_on, pi.sub_apply, pi.zero_apply, sub_eq_zero] using this, refine eq_zero_on_right_half_plane_of_superexponential_decay (hfd.sub hgd) _ hre _, { set l : filter ℂ := comap complex.abs at_top ⊓ 𝓟 {z : ℂ | 0 < z.re}, suffices : ∀ {c₁ c₂ B...
lemma
phragmen_lindelof.eq_on_right_half_plane_of_superexponential_decay
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/phragmen_lindelof.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.asymptotics.superpolynomial_decay" ]
[ "complex.abs", "diff_cont_on_cl", "filter", "inf_le_left", "mul_le_mul", "one_mul", "real.exp_le_exp", "real.exp_pos", "real.norm_of_nonneg", "real.rpow_le_rpow_of_exponent_le", "real.rpow_nonneg_of_nonneg" ]
**Phragmen-Lindelöf principle** in the right half-plane. Let `f g : ℂ → E` be functions such that * `f` and `g` are differentiable in the open right half-plane and are continuous on its closure; * `‖f z‖` and `‖g z‖` are bounded from above by `A * exp(B * (abs z) ^ c)` on the open right half-plane for some `c < 2`; ...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_root {f : ℂ[X]} (hf : 0 < degree f) : ∃ z : ℂ, is_root f z
begin contrapose! hf, obtain ⟨c, hc⟩ := (f.differentiable.inv hf).exists_const_forall_eq_of_bounded _, { obtain rfl : f = C c⁻¹ := polynomial.funext (λ z, by rw [eval_C, ← hc z, inv_inv]), exact degree_C_le }, { obtain ⟨z₀, h₀⟩ := f.exists_forall_norm_le, simp only [bounded_iff_forall_norm_le, set.foral...
lemma
complex.exists_root
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/polynomial.lean
[ "analysis.complex.liouville", "field_theory.is_alg_closed.basic" ]
[ "inv_inv", "inv_le_inv_of_le", "norm_inv", "polynomial.funext", "set.forall_range_iff" ]
**Fundamental theorem of algebra**: every non constant complex polynomial has a root
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_alg_closed : is_alg_closed ℂ
is_alg_closed.of_exists_root _ $ λ p _ hp, complex.exists_root $ degree_pos_of_irreducible hp
instance
complex.is_alg_closed
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/polynomial.lean
[ "analysis.complex.liouville", "field_theory.is_alg_closed.basic" ]
[ "complex.exists_root", "is_alg_closed", "is_alg_closed.of_exists_root" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_strict_deriv_at.real_of_complex (h : has_strict_deriv_at e e' z) : has_strict_deriv_at (λx:ℝ, (e x).re) e'.re z
begin have A : has_strict_fderiv_at (coe : ℝ → ℂ) of_real_clm z := of_real_clm.has_strict_fderiv_at, have B : has_strict_fderiv_at e ((continuous_linear_map.smul_right 1 e' : ℂ →L[ℂ] ℂ).restrict_scalars ℝ) (of_real_clm z) := h.has_strict_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ, have C : has_strict_fderiv_at re r...
theorem
has_strict_deriv_at.real_of_complex
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "continuous_linear_map.smul_right", "has_strict_deriv_at", "has_strict_fderiv_at", "restrict_scalars" ]
If a complex function is differentiable at a real point, then the induced real function is also differentiable at this point, with a derivative equal to the real part of the complex derivative.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_at.real_of_complex (h : has_deriv_at e e' z) : has_deriv_at (λx:ℝ, (e x).re) e'.re z
begin have A : has_fderiv_at (coe : ℝ → ℂ) of_real_clm z := of_real_clm.has_fderiv_at, have B : has_fderiv_at e ((continuous_linear_map.smul_right 1 e' : ℂ →L[ℂ] ℂ).restrict_scalars ℝ) (of_real_clm z) := h.has_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ, have C : has_fderiv_at re re_clm (e (of_real_clm z)) := re_clm.has...
theorem
has_deriv_at.real_of_complex
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "continuous_linear_map.smul_right", "has_deriv_at", "has_fderiv_at", "restrict_scalars" ]
If a complex function `e` is differentiable at a real point, then the function `ℝ → ℝ` given by the real part of `e` is also differentiable at this point, with a derivative equal to the real part of the complex derivative.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
cont_diff_at.real_of_complex {n : ℕ∞} (h : cont_diff_at ℂ n e z) : cont_diff_at ℝ n (λ x : ℝ, (e x).re) z
begin have A : cont_diff_at ℝ n (coe : ℝ → ℂ) z, from of_real_clm.cont_diff.cont_diff_at, have B : cont_diff_at ℝ n e z := h.restrict_scalars ℝ, have C : cont_diff_at ℝ n re (e z), from re_clm.cont_diff.cont_diff_at, exact C.comp z (B.comp z A) end
theorem
cont_diff_at.real_of_complex
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "cont_diff_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
cont_diff.real_of_complex {n : ℕ∞} (h : cont_diff ℂ n e) : cont_diff ℝ n (λ x : ℝ, (e x).re)
cont_diff_iff_cont_diff_at.2 $ λ x, h.cont_diff_at.real_of_complex
theorem
cont_diff.real_of_complex
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "cont_diff" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_strict_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv' {f : ℂ → E} {x : ℂ} {f' : E} (h : has_strict_deriv_at f f' x) : has_strict_fderiv_at f (re_clm.smul_right f' + I • im_clm.smul_right f') x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'] using h.has_strict_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_strict_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv'
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'", "has_strict_deriv_at", "has_strict_fderiv_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv' {f : ℂ → E} {x : ℂ} {f' : E} (h : has_deriv_at f f' x) : has_fderiv_at f (re_clm.smul_right f' + I • im_clm.smul_right f') x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'] using h.has_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv'
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'", "has_deriv_at", "has_fderiv_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_within_at.complex_to_real_fderiv' {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {x : ℂ} {f' : E} (h : has_deriv_within_at f f' s x) : has_fderiv_within_at f (re_clm.smul_right f' + I • im_clm.smul_right f') s x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'] using h.has_fderiv_within_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_deriv_within_at.complex_to_real_fderiv'
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right'", "has_deriv_within_at", "has_fderiv_within_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_strict_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv {f : ℂ → ℂ} {f' x : ℂ} (h : has_strict_deriv_at f f' x) : has_strict_fderiv_at f (f' • (1 : ℂ →L[ℝ] ℂ)) x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right] using h.has_strict_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_strict_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right", "has_strict_deriv_at", "has_strict_fderiv_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv {f : ℂ → ℂ} {f' x : ℂ} (h : has_deriv_at f f' x) : has_fderiv_at f (f' • (1 : ℂ →L[ℝ] ℂ)) x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right] using h.has_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_deriv_at.complex_to_real_fderiv
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right", "has_deriv_at", "has_fderiv_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_within_at.complex_to_real_fderiv {f : ℂ → ℂ} {s : set ℂ} {f' x : ℂ} (h : has_deriv_within_at f f' s x) : has_fderiv_within_at f (f' • (1 : ℂ →L[ℝ] ℂ)) s x
by simpa only [complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right] using h.has_fderiv_within_at.restrict_scalars ℝ
lemma
has_deriv_within_at.complex_to_real_fderiv
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "complex.restrict_scalars_one_smul_right", "has_deriv_within_at", "has_fderiv_within_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_at.comp_of_real (hf : has_deriv_at e e' ↑z) : has_deriv_at (λ (y:ℝ), e ↑y) e' z
by simpa only [of_real_clm_apply, of_real_one, mul_one] using hf.comp z of_real_clm.has_deriv_at
lemma
has_deriv_at.comp_of_real
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "has_deriv_at", "mul_one" ]
If a complex function `e` is differentiable at a real point, then its restriction to `ℝ` is differentiable there as a function `ℝ → ℂ`, with the same derivative.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
has_deriv_at.of_real_comp {f : ℝ → ℝ} {u : ℝ} (hf : has_deriv_at f u z) : has_deriv_at (λ (y:ℝ), ↑(f y) : ℝ → ℂ) u z
by simpa only [of_real_clm_apply, of_real_one, real_smul, mul_one] using of_real_clm.has_deriv_at.scomp z hf
lemma
has_deriv_at.of_real_comp
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "has_deriv_at", "mul_one" ]
If a function `f : ℝ → ℝ` is differentiable at a (real) point `x`, then it is also differentiable as a function `ℝ → ℂ`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_at.conformal_at (h : differentiable_at ℂ f z) (hf' : deriv f z ≠ 0) : conformal_at f z
begin rw [conformal_at_iff_is_conformal_map_fderiv, (h.has_fderiv_at.restrict_scalars ℝ).fderiv], apply is_conformal_map_complex_linear, simpa only [ne.def, ext_ring_iff] end
lemma
differentiable_at.conformal_at
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "conformal_at", "conformal_at_iff_is_conformal_map_fderiv", "deriv", "differentiable_at", "fderiv", "is_conformal_map_complex_linear" ]
A real differentiable function of the complex plane into some complex normed space `E` is conformal at a point `z` if it is holomorphic at that point with a nonvanishing differential. This is a version of the Cauchy-Riemann equations.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
conformal_at_iff_differentiable_at_or_differentiable_at_comp_conj {f : ℂ → ℂ} {z : ℂ} : conformal_at f z ↔ (differentiable_at ℂ f z ∨ differentiable_at ℂ (f ∘ conj) (conj z)) ∧ fderiv ℝ f z ≠ 0
begin rw conformal_at_iff_is_conformal_map_fderiv, rw is_conformal_map_iff_is_complex_or_conj_linear, apply and_congr_left, intros h, have h_diff := h.imp_symm fderiv_zero_of_not_differentiable_at, apply or_congr, { rw differentiable_at_iff_restrict_scalars ℝ h_diff }, rw ← conj_conj z at h_diff, rw d...
lemma
conformal_at_iff_differentiable_at_or_differentiable_at_comp_conj
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/real_deriv.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.cont_diff", "analysis.calculus.deriv.linear", "analysis.complex.conformal", "analysis.calculus.conformal.normed_space" ]
[ "and_congr_left", "conformal_at", "conformal_at_iff_is_conformal_map_fderiv", "differentiable_at", "differentiable_at_iff_restrict_scalars", "fderiv", "fderiv.comp", "fderiv_zero_of_not_differentiable_at", "is_conformal_map_iff_is_complex_or_conj_linear" ]
A complex function is conformal if and only if the function is holomorphic or antiholomorphic with a nonvanishing differential.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
analytic_at_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_continuous_at {f : ℂ → E} {c : ℂ} (hd : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝[≠] c, differentiable_at ℂ f z) (hc : continuous_at f c) : analytic_at ℂ f c
begin rcases (nhds_within_has_basis nhds_basis_closed_ball _).mem_iff.1 hd with ⟨R, hR0, hRs⟩, lift R to ℝ≥0 using hR0.le, replace hc : continuous_on f (closed_ball c R), { refine λ z hz, continuous_at.continuous_within_at _, rcases eq_or_ne z c with rfl | hne, exacts [hc, (hRs ⟨hz, hne⟩).continuous_at]...
lemma
complex.analytic_at_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_continuous_at
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "analytic_at", "continuous_at", "continuous_at.continuous_within_at", "continuous_on", "differentiable_at", "eq_or_ne", "lift", "nhds_within_has_basis" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem, weak version. If `f : ℂ → E` is differentiable in a punctured neighborhood of a point and is continuous at this point, then it is analytic at this point.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_on_compl_singleton_and_continuous_at_iff {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {c : ℂ} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 c) : differentiable_on ℂ f (s \ {c}) ∧ continuous_at f c ↔ differentiable_on ℂ f s
begin refine ⟨_, λ hd, ⟨hd.mono (diff_subset _ _), (hd.differentiable_at hs).continuous_at⟩⟩, rintro ⟨hd, hc⟩ x hx, rcases eq_or_ne x c with rfl | hne, { refine (analytic_at_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_continuous_at _ hc) .differentiable_at.differentiable_within_at, refine eventually_nhds_w...
lemma
complex.differentiable_on_compl_singleton_and_continuous_at_iff
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "continuous_at", "differentiable_at.differentiable_within_at", "differentiable_on", "differentiable_within_at", "eq_or_ne", "has_fderiv_within_at" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_on_dslope {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {c : ℂ} (hc : s ∈ 𝓝 c) : differentiable_on ℂ (dslope f c) s ↔ differentiable_on ℂ f s
⟨λ h, h.of_dslope, λ h, (differentiable_on_compl_singleton_and_continuous_at_iff hc).mp $ ⟨iff.mpr (differentiable_on_dslope_of_nmem $ λ h, h.2 rfl) (h.mono $ diff_subset _ _), continuous_at_dslope_same.2 $ h.differentiable_at hc⟩⟩
lemma
complex.differentiable_on_dslope
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "differentiable_on", "differentiable_on_dslope_of_nmem", "dslope" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_on_update_lim_of_is_o {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {c : ℂ} (hc : s ∈ 𝓝 c) (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (s \ {c})) (ho : (λ z, f z - f c) =o[𝓝[≠] c] (λ z, (z - c)⁻¹)) : differentiable_on ℂ (update f c (lim (𝓝[≠] c) f)) s
begin set F : ℂ → E := λ z, (z - c) • f z with hF, suffices : differentiable_on ℂ F (s \ {c}) ∧ continuous_at F c, { rw [differentiable_on_compl_singleton_and_continuous_at_iff hc, ← differentiable_on_dslope hc, dslope_sub_smul] at this; try { apply_instance }, have hc : tendsto f (𝓝[≠] c) (𝓝 (deriv F...
lemma
complex.differentiable_on_update_lim_of_is_o
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "continuous_at", "continuous_within_at", "continuous_within_at_compl_self", "deriv", "differentiable_on", "dslope_sub_smul", "lim", "smul_add", "tendsto_const_nhds", "update" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem: if `s` is a neighborhood of `c : ℂ`, a function `f : ℂ → E` is complex differentiable on `s \ {c}`, and $f(z) - f(c)=o((z-c)^{-1})$, then `f` redefined to be equal to `lim (𝓝[≠] c) f` at `c` is complex differentiable on `s`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_on_update_lim_insert_of_is_o {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {c : ℂ} (hc : s ∈ 𝓝[≠] c) (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f s) (ho : (λ z, f z - f c) =o[𝓝[≠] c] (λ z, (z - c)⁻¹)) : differentiable_on ℂ (update f c (lim (𝓝[≠] c) f)) (insert c s)
differentiable_on_update_lim_of_is_o (insert_mem_nhds_iff.2 hc) (hd.mono $ λ z hz, hz.1.resolve_left hz.2) ho
lemma
complex.differentiable_on_update_lim_insert_of_is_o
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "differentiable_on", "lim", "update" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem: if `s` is a punctured neighborhood of `c : ℂ`, a function `f : ℂ → E` is complex differentiable on `s`, and $f(z) - f(c)=o((z-c)^{-1})$, then `f` redefined to be equal to `lim (𝓝[≠] c) f` at `c` is complex differentiable on `{c} ∪ s`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
differentiable_on_update_lim_of_bdd_above {f : ℂ → E} {s : set ℂ} {c : ℂ} (hc : s ∈ 𝓝 c) (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (s \ {c})) (hb : bdd_above (norm ∘ f '' (s \ {c}))) : differentiable_on ℂ (update f c (lim (𝓝[≠] c) f)) s
differentiable_on_update_lim_of_is_o hc hd $ is_bounded_under.is_o_sub_self_inv $ let ⟨C, hC⟩ := hb in ⟨C + ‖f c‖, eventually_map.2 $ mem_nhds_within_iff_exists_mem_nhds_inter.2 ⟨s, hc, λ z hz, norm_sub_le_of_le (hC $ mem_image_of_mem _ hz) le_rfl⟩⟩
lemma
complex.differentiable_on_update_lim_of_bdd_above
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "bdd_above", "differentiable_on", "lim", "update" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem: if `s` is a neighborhood of `c : ℂ`, a function `f : ℂ → E` is complex differentiable and is bounded on `s \ {c}`, then `f` redefined to be equal to `lim (𝓝[≠] c) f` at `c` is complex differentiable on `s`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
tendsto_lim_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_is_o {f : ℂ → E} {c : ℂ} (hd : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝[≠] c, differentiable_at ℂ f z) (ho : (λ z, f z - f c) =o[𝓝[≠] c] (λ z, (z - c)⁻¹)) : tendsto f (𝓝[≠] c) (𝓝 $ lim (𝓝[≠] c) f)
begin rw eventually_nhds_within_iff at hd, have : differentiable_on ℂ f ({z | z ≠ c → differentiable_at ℂ f z} \ {c}), from λ z hz, (hz.1 hz.2).differentiable_within_at, have H := differentiable_on_update_lim_of_is_o hd this ho, exact continuous_at_update_same.1 (H.differentiable_at hd).continuous_at end
lemma
complex.tendsto_lim_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_is_o
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "continuous_at", "differentiable_at", "differentiable_on", "differentiable_within_at", "eventually_nhds_within_iff", "lim" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem: if a function `f : ℂ → E` is complex differentiable on a punctured neighborhood of `c` and $f(z) - f(c)=o((z-c)^{-1})$, then `f` has a limit at `c`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
tendsto_lim_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_bounded_under {f : ℂ → E} {c : ℂ} (hd : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝[≠] c, differentiable_at ℂ f z) (hb : is_bounded_under (≤) (𝓝[≠] c) (λ z, ‖f z - f c‖)) : tendsto f (𝓝[≠] c) (𝓝 $ lim (𝓝[≠] c) f)
tendsto_lim_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_is_o hd hb.is_o_sub_self_inv
lemma
complex.tendsto_lim_of_differentiable_on_punctured_nhds_of_bounded_under
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "differentiable_at", "lim" ]
**Removable singularity** theorem: if a function `f : ℂ → E` is complex differentiable and bounded on a punctured neighborhood of `c`, then `f` has a limit at `c`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
two_pi_I_inv_smul_circle_integral_sub_sq_inv_smul_of_differentiable {U : set ℂ} (hU : is_open U) {c w₀ : ℂ} {R : ℝ} {f : ℂ → E} (hc : closed_ball c R ⊆ U) (hf : differentiable_on ℂ f U) (hw₀ : w₀ ∈ ball c R) : (2 * π * I : ℂ)⁻¹ • ∮ z in C(c, R), ((z - w₀) ^ 2)⁻¹ • f z = deriv f w₀
begin -- We apply the removable singularity theorem and the Cauchy formula to `dslope f w₀` have hR : 0 < R := not_le.mp (ball_eq_empty.not.mp (nonempty_of_mem hw₀).ne_empty), have hf' : differentiable_on ℂ (dslope f w₀) U, from (differentiable_on_dslope (hU.mem_nhds ((ball_subset_closed_ball.trans hc) hw₀)))...
lemma
complex.two_pi_I_inv_smul_circle_integral_sub_sq_inv_smul_of_differentiable
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/removable_singularity.lean
[ "analysis.calculus.fderiv_analytic", "analysis.asymptotics.specific_asymptotics", "analysis.complex.cauchy_integral" ]
[ "algebra.id.smul_eq_mul", "circle_integrable", "circle_integral.integral_congr", "circle_integral.integral_smul_const", "circle_integral.integral_sub", "circle_integral.integral_sub_zpow_of_ne", "continuous_const", "continuous_on", "continuous_on.circle_integrable", "continuous_on.inv₀", "contin...
The Cauchy formula for the derivative of a holomorphic function.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_re : is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle ℝ re
⟨equiv_real_prod_clm.to_homeomorph, λ z, rfl⟩
lemma
complex.is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle" ]
`complex.re` turns `ℂ` into a trivial topological fiber bundle over `ℝ`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_im : is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle ℝ im
⟨equiv_real_prod_clm.to_homeomorph.trans (homeomorph.prod_comm ℝ ℝ), λ z, rfl⟩
lemma
complex.is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "homeomorph.prod_comm", "is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle" ]
`complex.im` turns `ℂ` into a trivial topological fiber bundle over `ℝ`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_open_map_re : is_open_map re
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_re.is_open_map_proj
lemma
complex.is_open_map_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "is_open_map" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_open_map_im : is_open_map im
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_im.is_open_map_proj
lemma
complex.is_open_map_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "is_open_map" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quotient_map_re : quotient_map re
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_re.quotient_map_proj
lemma
complex.quotient_map_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "quotient_map" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
quotient_map_im : quotient_map im
is_homeomorphic_trivial_fiber_bundle_im.quotient_map_proj
lemma
complex.quotient_map_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "quotient_map" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_preimage_re (s : set ℝ) : interior (re ⁻¹' s) = re ⁻¹' (interior s)
(is_open_map_re.preimage_interior_eq_interior_preimage continuous_re _).symm
lemma
complex.interior_preimage_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_preimage_im (s : set ℝ) : interior (im ⁻¹' s) = im ⁻¹' (interior s)
(is_open_map_im.preimage_interior_eq_interior_preimage continuous_im _).symm
lemma
complex.interior_preimage_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_preimage_re (s : set ℝ) : closure (re ⁻¹' s) = re ⁻¹' (closure s)
(is_open_map_re.preimage_closure_eq_closure_preimage continuous_re _).symm
lemma
complex.closure_preimage_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_preimage_im (s : set ℝ) : closure (im ⁻¹' s) = im ⁻¹' (closure s)
(is_open_map_im.preimage_closure_eq_closure_preimage continuous_im _).symm
lemma
complex.closure_preimage_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_preimage_re (s : set ℝ) : frontier (re ⁻¹' s) = re ⁻¹' (frontier s)
(is_open_map_re.preimage_frontier_eq_frontier_preimage continuous_re _).symm
lemma
complex.frontier_preimage_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_preimage_im (s : set ℝ) : frontier (im ⁻¹' s) = im ⁻¹' (frontier s)
(is_open_map_im.preimage_frontier_eq_frontier_preimage continuous_im _).symm
lemma
complex.frontier_preimage_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_set_of_re_le (a : ℝ) : interior {z : ℂ | z.re ≤ a} = {z | z.re < a}
by simpa only [interior_Iic] using interior_preimage_re (Iic a)
lemma
complex.interior_set_of_re_le
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior", "interior_Iic" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_set_of_im_le (a : ℝ) : interior {z : ℂ | z.im ≤ a} = {z | z.im < a}
by simpa only [interior_Iic] using interior_preimage_im (Iic a)
lemma
complex.interior_set_of_im_le
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior", "interior_Iic" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_set_of_le_re (a : ℝ) : interior {z : ℂ | a ≤ z.re} = {z | a < z.re}
by simpa only [interior_Ici] using interior_preimage_re (Ici a)
lemma
complex.interior_set_of_le_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior", "interior_Ici" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_set_of_le_im (a : ℝ) : interior {z : ℂ | a ≤ z.im} = {z | a < z.im}
by simpa only [interior_Ici] using interior_preimage_im (Ici a)
lemma
complex.interior_set_of_le_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior", "interior_Ici" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_set_of_re_lt (a : ℝ) : closure {z : ℂ | z.re < a} = {z | z.re ≤ a}
by simpa only [closure_Iio] using closure_preimage_re (Iio a)
lemma
complex.closure_set_of_re_lt
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "closure_Iio" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_set_of_im_lt (a : ℝ) : closure {z : ℂ | z.im < a} = {z | z.im ≤ a}
by simpa only [closure_Iio] using closure_preimage_im (Iio a)
lemma
complex.closure_set_of_im_lt
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "closure_Iio" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_set_of_lt_re (a : ℝ) : closure {z : ℂ | a < z.re} = {z | a ≤ z.re}
by simpa only [closure_Ioi] using closure_preimage_re (Ioi a)
lemma
complex.closure_set_of_lt_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "closure_Ioi" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_set_of_lt_im (a : ℝ) : closure {z : ℂ | a < z.im} = {z | a ≤ z.im}
by simpa only [closure_Ioi] using closure_preimage_im (Ioi a)
lemma
complex.closure_set_of_lt_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "closure_Ioi" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_re_le (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | z.re ≤ a} = {z | z.re = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Iic] using frontier_preimage_re (Iic a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_re_le
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Iic" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_im_le (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | z.im ≤ a} = {z | z.im = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Iic] using frontier_preimage_im (Iic a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_im_le
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Iic" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_le_re (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | a ≤ z.re} = {z | z.re = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Ici] using frontier_preimage_re (Ici a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_le_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Ici" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_le_im (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | a ≤ z.im} = {z | z.im = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Ici] using frontier_preimage_im (Ici a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_le_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Ici" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_re_lt (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | z.re < a} = {z | z.re = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Iio] using frontier_preimage_re (Iio a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_re_lt
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Iio" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_im_lt (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | z.im < a} = {z | z.im = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Iio] using frontier_preimage_im (Iio a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_im_lt
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Iio" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_lt_re (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | a < z.re} = {z | z.re = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Ioi] using frontier_preimage_re (Ioi a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_lt_re
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Ioi" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_lt_im (a : ℝ) : frontier {z : ℂ | a < z.im} = {z | z.im = a}
by simpa only [frontier_Ioi] using frontier_preimage_im (Ioi a)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_lt_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "frontier", "frontier_Ioi" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_re_prod_im (s t : set ℝ) : closure (s ×ℂ t) = closure s ×ℂ closure t
by simpa only [← preimage_eq_preimage equiv_real_prod_clm.symm.to_homeomorph.surjective, equiv_real_prod_clm.symm.to_homeomorph.preimage_closure] using @closure_prod_eq _ _ _ _ s t
lemma
complex.closure_re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "closure_prod_eq" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
interior_re_prod_im (s t : set ℝ) : interior (s ×ℂ t) = interior s ×ℂ interior t
by rw [re_prod_im, re_prod_im, interior_inter, interior_preimage_re, interior_preimage_im]
lemma
complex.interior_re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "interior", "interior_inter" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_re_prod_im (s t : set ℝ) : frontier (s ×ℂ t) = (closure s ×ℂ frontier t) ∪ (frontier s ×ℂ closure t)
by simpa only [← preimage_eq_preimage equiv_real_prod_clm.symm.to_homeomorph.surjective, equiv_real_prod_clm.symm.to_homeomorph.preimage_frontier] using frontier_prod_eq s t
lemma
complex.frontier_re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure", "frontier", "frontier_prod_eq" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_le_re_and_le_im (a b : ℝ) : frontier {z | a ≤ re z ∧ b ≤ im z} = {z | a ≤ re z ∧ im z = b ∨ re z = a ∧ b ≤ im z}
by simpa only [closure_Ici, frontier_Ici] using frontier_re_prod_im (Ici a) (Ici b)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_le_re_and_le_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure_Ici", "frontier", "frontier_Ici" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
frontier_set_of_le_re_and_im_le (a b : ℝ) : frontier {z | a ≤ re z ∧ im z ≤ b} = {z | a ≤ re z ∧ im z = b ∨ re z = a ∧ im z ≤ b}
by simpa only [closure_Ici, closure_Iic, frontier_Ici, frontier_Iic] using frontier_re_prod_im (Ici a) (Iic b)
lemma
complex.frontier_set_of_le_re_and_im_le
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "closure_Ici", "closure_Iic", "frontier", "frontier_Ici", "frontier_Iic" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_open.re_prod_im (hs : is_open s) (ht : is_open t) : is_open (s ×ℂ t)
(hs.preimage continuous_re).inter (ht.preimage continuous_im)
lemma
is_open.re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "is_open" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed.re_prod_im (hs : is_closed s) (ht : is_closed t) : is_closed (s ×ℂ t)
(hs.preimage continuous_re).inter (ht.preimage continuous_im)
lemma
is_closed.re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[ "is_closed" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
metric.bounded.re_prod_im (hs : bounded s) (ht : bounded t) : bounded (s ×ℂ t)
antilipschitz_equiv_real_prod.bounded_preimage (hs.prod ht)
lemma
metric.bounded.re_prod_im
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/re_im_topology.lean
[ "analysis.complex.basic", "topology.fiber_bundle.is_homeomorphic_trivial_bundle" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
schwarz_aux {f : ℂ → ℂ} (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (hz : z ∈ ball c R₁) : ‖dslope f c z‖ ≤ R₂ / R₁
begin have hR₁ : 0 < R₁, from nonempty_ball.1 ⟨z, hz⟩, suffices : ∀ᶠ r in 𝓝[<] R₁, ‖dslope f c z‖ ≤ R₂ / r, { refine ge_of_tendsto _ this, exact (tendsto_const_nhds.div tendsto_id hR₁.ne').mono_left nhds_within_le_nhds }, rw mem_ball at hz, filter_upwards [Ioo_mem_nhds_within_Iio ⟨hz, le_rfl⟩] with r hr,...
lemma
complex.schwarz_aux
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "Ioo_mem_nhds_within_Iio", "closure_ball", "diff_cont_on_cl", "differentiable_on", "differentiable_on.diff_cont_on_cl", "div_eq_inv_mul", "div_le_div_right", "dslope", "dslope_of_ne", "frontier_ball", "ge_of_tendsto", "nhds_within_le_nhds", "norm_inv", "norm_smul", "slope_def_module" ]
An auxiliary lemma for `complex.norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (hz : z ∈ ball c R₁) : ‖dslope f c z‖ ≤ R₂ / R₁
begin have hR₁ : 0 < R₁, from nonempty_ball.1 ⟨z, hz⟩, have hR₂ : 0 < R₂, from nonempty_ball.1 ⟨f z, h_maps hz⟩, cases eq_or_ne (dslope f c z) 0 with hc hc, { rw [hc, norm_zero], exact div_nonneg hR₂.le hR₁.le }, rcases exists_dual_vector ℂ _ hc with ⟨g, hg, hgf⟩, have hg' : ‖g‖₊ = 1, from nnreal.eq hg, h...
lemma
complex.norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "abs_norm", "differentiable_on", "div_nonneg", "dslope", "eq_or_ne", "exists_dual_vector", "is_R_or_C.norm_of_real", "nnreal.coe_one", "nnreal.eq", "one_mul", "one_ne_zero" ]
Two cases of the **Schwarz Lemma** (derivative and distance), merged together.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
affine_of_maps_to_ball_of_exists_norm_dslope_eq_div [complete_space E] [strict_convex_space ℝ E] (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : set.maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (h_z₀ : z₀ ∈ ball c R₁) (h_eq : ‖dslope f c z₀‖ = R₂ / R₁) : set.eq_on f (λ z, f c + (z - c) • dslope f c z₀) (ball c R₁)
begin set g := dslope f c, rintro z hz, by_cases z = c, { simp [h] }, have h_R₁ : 0 < R₁ := nonempty_ball.mp ⟨_, h_z₀⟩, have g_le_div : ∀ z ∈ ball c R₁, ‖g z‖ ≤ R₂ / R₁, from λ z hz, norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball hd h_maps hz, have g_max : is_max_on (norm ∘ g) (ball c R₁) z₀, from is_max_on_iff...
lemma
complex.affine_of_maps_to_ball_of_exists_norm_dslope_eq_div
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "complete_space", "convex_ball", "differentiable_on", "dslope", "is_max_on", "is_preconnected", "set.eq_on", "set.maps_to", "strict_convex_space" ]
Equality case in the **Schwarz Lemma**: in the setup of `norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball`, if `‖dslope f c z₀‖ = R₂ / R₁` holds at a point in the ball then the map `f` is affine.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
affine_of_maps_to_ball_of_exists_norm_dslope_eq_div' [complete_space E] [strict_convex_space ℝ E] (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : set.maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (h_z₀ : ∃ z₀ ∈ ball c R₁, ‖dslope f c z₀‖ = R₂ / R₁) : ∃ C : E, ‖C‖ = R₂ / R₁ ∧ set.eq_on f (λ z, f c + (z - c) • C) (ba...
let ⟨z₀, h_z₀, h_eq⟩ := h_z₀ in ⟨dslope f c z₀, h_eq, affine_of_maps_to_ball_of_exists_norm_dslope_eq_div hd h_maps h_z₀ h_eq⟩
lemma
complex.affine_of_maps_to_ball_of_exists_norm_dslope_eq_div'
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "complete_space", "differentiable_on", "set.eq_on", "set.maps_to", "strict_convex_space" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (h₀ : 0 < R₁) : ‖deriv f c‖ ≤ R₂ / R₁
by simpa only [dslope_same] using norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball hd h_maps (mem_ball_self h₀)
lemma
complex.norm_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "differentiable_on", "dslope_same" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → E` sends an open disk with center `c` and a positive radius `R₁` to an open ball with center `f c` and radius `R₂`, then the absolute value of the derivative of `f` at `c` is at most the ratio `R₂ / R₁`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
dist_le_div_mul_dist_of_maps_to_ball (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (hz : z ∈ ball c R₁) : dist (f z) (f c) ≤ (R₂ / R₁) * dist z c
begin rcases eq_or_ne z c with rfl|hne, { simp only [dist_self, mul_zero] }, simpa only [dslope_of_ne _ hne, slope_def_module, norm_smul, norm_inv, ← div_eq_inv_mul, ← dist_eq_norm, div_le_iff (dist_pos.2 hne)] using norm_dslope_le_div_of_maps_to_ball hd h_maps hz end
lemma
complex.dist_le_div_mul_dist_of_maps_to_ball
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "differentiable_on", "dist_self", "div_eq_inv_mul", "div_le_iff", "dslope_of_ne", "eq_or_ne", "mul_zero", "norm_inv", "norm_smul", "slope_def_module" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → E` sends an open disk with center `c` and radius `R₁` to an open ball with center `f c` and radius `R₂`, then for any `z` in the former disk we have `dist (f z) (f c) ≤ (R₂ / R₁) * dist z c`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
abs_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R₁)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R₁) (ball (f c) R₂)) (h₀ : 0 < R₁) : abs (deriv f c) ≤ R₂ / R₁
norm_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball hd h_maps h₀
lemma
complex.abs_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "deriv", "differentiable_on" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → ℂ` sends an open disk with center `c` and a positive radius `R₁` to an open disk with center `f c` and radius `R₂`, then the absolute value of the derivative of `f` at `c` is at most the ratio `R₂ / R₁`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
abs_deriv_le_one_of_maps_to_ball (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R) (ball c R)) (hc : f c = c) (h₀ : 0 < R) : abs (deriv f c) ≤ 1
(norm_deriv_le_div_of_maps_to_ball hd (by rwa hc) h₀).trans_eq (div_self h₀.ne')
lemma
complex.abs_deriv_le_one_of_maps_to_ball
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "deriv", "differentiable_on", "div_self" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → ℂ` sends an open disk of positive radius to itself and the center of this disk to itself, then the absolute value of the derivative of `f` at the center of this disk is at most `1`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
dist_le_dist_of_maps_to_ball_self (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball c R)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball c R) (ball c R)) (hc : f c = c) (hz : z ∈ ball c R) : dist (f z) c ≤ dist z c
have hR : 0 < R, from nonempty_ball.1 ⟨z, hz⟩, by simpa only [hc, div_self hR.ne', one_mul] using dist_le_div_mul_dist_of_maps_to_ball hd (by rwa hc) hz
lemma
complex.dist_le_dist_of_maps_to_ball_self
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "differentiable_on", "div_self", "one_mul" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → ℂ` sends an open disk to itself and the center `c` of this disk to itself, then for any point `z` of this disk we have `dist (f z) c ≤ dist z c`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
abs_le_abs_of_maps_to_ball_self (hd : differentiable_on ℂ f (ball 0 R)) (h_maps : maps_to f (ball 0 R) (ball 0 R)) (h₀ : f 0 = 0) (hz : abs z < R) : abs (f z) ≤ abs z
begin replace hz : z ∈ ball (0 : ℂ) R, from mem_ball_zero_iff.2 hz, simpa only [dist_zero_right] using dist_le_dist_of_maps_to_ball_self hd h_maps h₀ hz end
lemma
complex.abs_le_abs_of_maps_to_ball_self
analysis.complex
src/analysis/complex/schwarz.lean
[ "analysis.complex.abs_max", "analysis.complex.removable_singularity" ]
[ "differentiable_on" ]
The **Schwarz Lemma**: if `f : ℂ → ℂ` sends an open disk with center `0` to itself, the for any point `z` of this disk we have `abs (f z) ≤ abs z`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
unit_disc : Type
ball (0 : ℂ) 1
def
complex.unit_disc
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
Complex unit disc.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_injective : injective (coe : 𝔻 → ℂ)
subtype.coe_injective
lemma
complex.unit_disc.coe_injective
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[ "subtype.coe_injective" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
abs_lt_one (z : 𝔻) : abs (z : ℂ) < 1
mem_ball_zero_iff.1 z.2
lemma
complex.unit_disc.abs_lt_one
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
abs_ne_one (z : 𝔻) : abs (z : ℂ) ≠ 1
z.abs_lt_one.ne
lemma
complex.unit_disc.abs_ne_one
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_sq_lt_one (z : 𝔻) : norm_sq z < 1
@one_pow ℝ _ 2 ▸ (real.sqrt_lt' one_pos).1 z.abs_lt_one
lemma
complex.unit_disc.norm_sq_lt_one
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[ "one_pow", "real.sqrt_lt'" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_ne_one (z : 𝔻) : (z : ℂ) ≠ 1
ne_of_apply_ne abs $ (map_one abs).symm ▸ z.abs_ne_one
lemma
complex.unit_disc.coe_ne_one
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[ "map_one", "ne_of_apply_ne" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_ne_neg_one (z : 𝔻) : (z : ℂ) ≠ -1
ne_of_apply_ne abs $ by { rw [abs.map_neg, map_one], exact z.abs_ne_one }
lemma
complex.unit_disc.coe_ne_neg_one
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[ "map_one", "ne_of_apply_ne" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
one_add_coe_ne_zero (z : 𝔻) : (1 + z : ℂ) ≠ 0
mt neg_eq_iff_add_eq_zero.2 z.coe_ne_neg_one.symm
lemma
complex.unit_disc.one_add_coe_ne_zero
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_mul (z w : 𝔻) : ↑(z * w) = (z * w : ℂ)
rfl
lemma
complex.unit_disc.coe_mul
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
mk (z : ℂ) (hz : abs z < 1) : 𝔻
⟨z, mem_ball_zero_iff.2 hz⟩
def
complex.unit_disc.mk
analysis.complex.unit_disc
src/analysis/complex/unit_disc/basic.lean
[ "analysis.complex.circle", "analysis.normed_space.ball_action" ]
[]
A constructor that assumes `abs z < 1` instead of `dist z 0 < 1` and returns an element of `𝔻` instead of `↥metric.ball (0 : ℂ) 1`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83