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nhds (x : Rˣ) : {x : R | is_unit x} ∈ 𝓝 (x : R)
is_open.mem_nhds units.is_open x.is_unit
lemma
units.nhds
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "is_open.mem_nhds", "is_unit", "nhds", "units.is_open" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
subset_compl_ball : nonunits R ⊆ (metric.ball (1 : R) 1)ᶜ
set.subset_compl_comm.mp $ λ x hx, by simpa [sub_sub_self, units.coe_one_sub] using (units.one_sub (1 - x) (by rwa [metric.mem_ball, dist_eq_norm, norm_sub_rev] at hx)).is_unit
lemma
nonunits.subset_compl_ball
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "is_unit", "metric.ball", "metric.mem_ball", "nonunits", "units.one_sub" ]
The `nonunits` in a complete normed ring are contained in the complement of the ball of radius `1` centered at `1 : R`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed : is_closed (nonunits R)
units.is_open.is_closed_compl
lemma
nonunits.is_closed
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "is_closed", "nonunits" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_one_sub (t : R) (h : ‖t‖ < 1) : inverse (1 - t) = ↑(units.one_sub t h)⁻¹
by rw [← inverse_unit (units.one_sub t h), units.coe_one_sub]
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_one_sub
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "units.one_sub" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add (x : Rˣ) : ∀ᶠ t in (𝓝 0), inverse ((x : R) + t) = inverse (1 + ↑x⁻¹ * t) * ↑x⁻¹
begin nontriviality R, rw [eventually_iff, metric.mem_nhds_iff], have hinv : 0 < ‖(↑x⁻¹ : R)‖⁻¹, by cancel_denoms, use [‖(↑x⁻¹ : R)‖⁻¹, hinv], intros t ht, simp only [mem_ball, dist_zero_right] at ht, have ht' : ‖-↑x⁻¹ * t‖ < 1, { refine lt_of_le_of_lt (norm_mul_le _ _) _, rw norm_neg, refine lt...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "metric.mem_nhds_iff", "mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left", "neg_mul", "norm_mul_le", "units.add" ]
The formula `inverse (x + t) = inverse (1 + x⁻¹ * t) * x⁻¹` holds for `t` sufficiently small.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_one_sub_nth_order (n : ℕ) : ∀ᶠ t in (𝓝 0), inverse ((1:R) - t) = (∑ i in range n, t ^ i) + (t ^ n) * inverse (1 - t)
begin simp only [eventually_iff, metric.mem_nhds_iff], use [1, by norm_num], intros t ht, simp only [mem_ball, dist_zero_right] at ht, simp only [inverse_one_sub t ht, set.mem_set_of_eq], have h : 1 = ((range n).sum (λ i, t ^ i)) * (units.one_sub t ht) + t ^ n, { simp only [units.coe_one_sub], rw [geo...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_one_sub_nth_order
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "geom_sum_mul_neg", "metric.mem_nhds_iff", "mul_assoc", "mul_inv", "one_mul", "units.one_sub" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add_nth_order (x : Rˣ) (n : ℕ) : ∀ᶠ t in (𝓝 0), inverse ((x : R) + t) = (∑ i in range n, (- ↑x⁻¹ * t) ^ i) * ↑x⁻¹ + (- ↑x⁻¹ * t) ^ n * inverse (x + t)
begin refine (inverse_add x).mp _, have hzero : tendsto (λ (t : R), - ↑x⁻¹ * t) (𝓝 0) (𝓝 0), { convert ((mul_left_continuous (- (↑x⁻¹ : R))).tendsto 0).comp tendsto_id, simp }, refine (hzero.eventually (inverse_one_sub_nth_order n)).mp (eventually_of_forall _), simp only [neg_mul, sub_neg_eq_add], int...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add_nth_order
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "mul_assoc", "mul_left_continuous", "neg_mul" ]
The formula `inverse (x + t) = (∑ i in range n, (- x⁻¹ * t) ^ i) * x⁻¹ + (- x⁻¹ * t) ^ n * inverse (x + t)` holds for `t` sufficiently small.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_one_sub_norm : (λ t : R, inverse (1 - t)) =O[𝓝 0] (λ t, 1 : R → ℝ)
begin simp only [is_O, is_O_with, eventually_iff, metric.mem_nhds_iff], refine ⟨‖(1:R)‖ + 1, (2:ℝ)⁻¹, by norm_num, _⟩, intros t ht, simp only [ball, dist_zero_right, set.mem_set_of_eq] at ht, have ht' : ‖t‖ < 1, { have : (2:ℝ)⁻¹ < 1 := by cancel_denoms, linarith }, simp only [inverse_one_sub t ht', no...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_one_sub_norm
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "inv_inv", "inv_le_inv_of_le", "metric.mem_nhds_iff", "mul_one", "normed_ring.tsum_geometric_of_norm_lt_1", "ring" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add_norm (x : Rˣ) : (λ t : R, inverse (↑x + t)) =O[𝓝 0] (λ t, (1:ℝ))
begin simp only [is_O_iff, norm_one, mul_one], cases is_O_iff.mp (@inverse_one_sub_norm R _ _) with C hC, use C * ‖((x⁻¹:Rˣ):R)‖, have hzero : tendsto (λ t, - (↑x⁻¹ : R) * t) (𝓝 0) (𝓝 0), { convert ((mul_left_continuous (-↑x⁻¹ : R)).tendsto 0).comp tendsto_id, simp }, refine (inverse_add x).mp ((hzero...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add_norm
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "bound", "mul_left_continuous", "mul_one", "norm_mul_le" ]
The function `λ t, inverse (x + t)` is O(1) as `t → 0`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add_norm_diff_nth_order (x : Rˣ) (n : ℕ) : (λ t : R, inverse (↑x + t) - (∑ i in range n, (- ↑x⁻¹ * t) ^ i) * ↑x⁻¹) =O[𝓝 (0:R)] (λ t, ‖t‖ ^ n)
begin by_cases h : n = 0, { simpa [h] using inverse_add_norm x }, have hn : 0 < n := nat.pos_of_ne_zero h, simp [is_O_iff], cases (is_O_iff.mp (inverse_add_norm x)) with C hC, use C * ‖(1:ℝ)‖ * ‖(↑x⁻¹ : R)‖ ^ n, have h : eventually_eq (𝓝 (0:R)) (λ t, inverse (↑x + t) - (∑ i in range n, (- ↑x⁻¹ * t) ^...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add_norm_diff_nth_order
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "mul_pow", "neg_mul", "norm_mul_le", "norm_pow_le'", "pow_le_pow_of_le_left", "pow_nonneg" ]
The function `λ t, inverse (x + t) - (∑ i in range n, (- x⁻¹ * t) ^ i) * x⁻¹` is `O(t ^ n)` as `t → 0`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add_norm_diff_first_order (x : Rˣ) : (λ t : R, inverse (↑x + t) - ↑x⁻¹) =O[𝓝 0] (λ t, ‖t‖)
by simpa using inverse_add_norm_diff_nth_order x 1
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add_norm_diff_first_order
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[]
The function `λ t, inverse (x + t) - x⁻¹` is `O(t)` as `t → 0`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_add_norm_diff_second_order (x : Rˣ) : (λ t : R, inverse (↑x + t) - ↑x⁻¹ + ↑x⁻¹ * t * ↑x⁻¹) =O[𝓝 0] (λ t, ‖t‖ ^ 2)
begin convert inverse_add_norm_diff_nth_order x 2, ext t, simp only [range_succ, range_one, sum_insert, mem_singleton, sum_singleton, not_false_iff, one_ne_zero, pow_zero, add_mul, pow_one, one_mul, neg_mul, sub_add_eq_sub_sub_swap, sub_neg_eq_add], end
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_add_norm_diff_second_order
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "neg_mul", "one_mul", "one_ne_zero", "pow_one", "pow_zero" ]
The function `λ t, inverse (x + t) - x⁻¹ + x⁻¹ * t * x⁻¹` is `O(t ^ 2)` as `t → 0`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
inverse_continuous_at (x : Rˣ) : continuous_at inverse (x : R)
begin have h_is_o : (λ t : R, inverse (↑x + t) - ↑x⁻¹) =o[𝓝 0] (λ _, 1 : R → ℝ) := (inverse_add_norm_diff_first_order x).trans_is_o (is_o.norm_left $ is_o_id_const one_ne_zero), have h_lim : tendsto (λ (y:R), y - x) (𝓝 x) (𝓝 0), { refine tendsto_zero_iff_norm_tendsto_zero.mpr _, exact tendsto_iff_norm_...
lemma
normed_ring.inverse_continuous_at
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "continuous_at", "one_ne_zero" ]
The function `inverse` is continuous at each unit of `R`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_open_map_coe : is_open_map (coe : Rˣ → R)
begin rw is_open_map_iff_nhds_le, intros x s, rw [mem_map, mem_nhds_induced], rintros ⟨t, ht, hts⟩, obtain ⟨u, hu, v, hv, huvt⟩ : ∃ (u : set R), u ∈ 𝓝 ↑x ∧ ∃ (v : set Rᵐᵒᵖ), v ∈ 𝓝 (op ↑x⁻¹) ∧ u ×ˢ v ⊆ t, { simpa [embed_product, mem_nhds_prod_iff] using ht }, have : u ∩ (op ∘ ring.inverse) ⁻¹' v ∩ (s...
lemma
units.is_open_map_coe
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "is_open_map", "is_open_map_iff_nhds_le", "mem_map", "mem_nhds_induced", "mem_nhds_prod_iff", "ring.inverse", "set.range", "units.nhds" ]
In a normed ring, the coercion from `Rˣ` (equipped with the induced topology from the embedding in `R × R`) to `R` is an open map.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
open_embedding_coe : open_embedding (coe : Rˣ → R)
open_embedding_of_continuous_injective_open continuous_coe ext is_open_map_coe
lemma
units.open_embedding_coe
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "open_embedding", "open_embedding_of_continuous_injective_open" ]
In a normed ring, the coercion from `Rˣ` (equipped with the induced topology from the embedding in `R × R`) to `R` is an open embedding.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
eq_top_of_norm_lt_one (I : ideal R) {x : R} (hxI : x ∈ I) (hx : ‖1 - x‖ < 1) : I = ⊤
let u := units.one_sub (1 - x) hx in (I.eq_top_iff_one.mpr $ by simpa only [show u.inv * x = 1, by simp] using I.mul_mem_left u.inv hxI)
lemma
ideal.eq_top_of_norm_lt_one
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "ideal", "units.one_sub" ]
An ideal which contains an element within `1` of `1 : R` is the unit ideal.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
closure_ne_top (I : ideal R) (hI : I ≠ ⊤) : I.closure ≠ ⊤
have h : _ := closure_minimal (coe_subset_nonunits hI) nonunits.is_closed, by simpa only [I.closure.eq_top_iff_one, ne.def] using mt (@h 1) one_not_mem_nonunits
lemma
ideal.closure_ne_top
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "closure_minimal", "coe_subset_nonunits", "ideal", "nonunits.is_closed", "one_not_mem_nonunits" ]
The `ideal.closure` of a proper ideal in a complete normed ring is proper.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_maximal.closure_eq {I : ideal R} (hI : I.is_maximal) : I.closure = I
(hI.eq_of_le (I.closure_ne_top hI.ne_top) subset_closure).symm
lemma
ideal.is_maximal.closure_eq
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "ideal", "subset_closure" ]
The `ideal.closure` of a maximal ideal in a complete normed ring is the ideal itself.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_maximal.is_closed {I : ideal R} [hI : I.is_maximal] : is_closed (I : set R)
is_closed_of_closure_subset $ eq.subset $ congr_arg (coe : ideal R → set R) hI.closure_eq
instance
ideal.is_maximal.is_closed
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/units.lean
[ "topology.algebra.ring.ideal", "analysis.specific_limits.normed" ]
[ "eq.subset", "ideal", "is_closed", "is_closed_of_closure_subset" ]
Maximal ideals in complete normed rings are closed.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_weak_dual : dual 𝕜 E ≃ₗ[𝕜] weak_dual 𝕜 E
linear_equiv.refl 𝕜 (E →L[𝕜] 𝕜)
def
normed_space.dual.to_weak_dual
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "linear_equiv.refl", "weak_dual" ]
For normed spaces `E`, there is a canonical map `dual 𝕜 E → weak_dual 𝕜 E` (the "identity" mapping). It is a linear equivalence.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_to_weak_dual (x' : dual 𝕜 E) : ⇑(x'.to_weak_dual) = x'
rfl
lemma
normed_space.dual.coe_to_weak_dual
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_weak_dual_eq_iff (x' y' : dual 𝕜 E) : x'.to_weak_dual = y'.to_weak_dual ↔ x' = y'
to_weak_dual.injective.eq_iff
lemma
normed_space.dual.to_weak_dual_eq_iff
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_weak_dual_continuous : continuous (λ (x' : dual 𝕜 E), x'.to_weak_dual)
weak_bilin.continuous_of_continuous_eval _ $ λ z, (inclusion_in_double_dual 𝕜 E z).continuous
theorem
normed_space.dual.to_weak_dual_continuous
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "continuous", "weak_bilin.continuous_of_continuous_eval" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
continuous_linear_map_to_weak_dual : dual 𝕜 E →L[𝕜] weak_dual 𝕜 E
{ cont := to_weak_dual_continuous, .. to_weak_dual, }
def
normed_space.dual.continuous_linear_map_to_weak_dual
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "cont", "weak_dual" ]
For a normed space `E`, according to `to_weak_dual_continuous` the "identity mapping" `dual 𝕜 E → weak_dual 𝕜 E` is continuous. This definition implements it as a continuous linear map.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
dual_norm_topology_le_weak_dual_topology : (by apply_instance : topological_space (dual 𝕜 E)) ≤ (by apply_instance : topological_space (weak_dual 𝕜 E))
by { convert to_weak_dual_continuous.le_induced, exact induced_id.symm }
theorem
normed_space.dual.dual_norm_topology_le_weak_dual_topology
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "topological_space", "weak_dual" ]
The weak-star topology is coarser than the dual-norm topology.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_normed_dual : weak_dual 𝕜 E ≃ₗ[𝕜] dual 𝕜 E
normed_space.dual.to_weak_dual.symm
def
weak_dual.to_normed_dual
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
For normed spaces `E`, there is a canonical map `weak_dual 𝕜 E → dual 𝕜 E` (the "identity" mapping). It is a linear equivalence. Here it is implemented as the inverse of the linear equivalence `normed_space.dual.to_weak_dual` in the other direction.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_normed_dual_apply (x : weak_dual 𝕜 E) (y : E) : (to_normed_dual x) y = x y
rfl
lemma
weak_dual.to_normed_dual_apply
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_to_normed_dual (x' : weak_dual 𝕜 E) : ⇑(x'.to_normed_dual) = x'
rfl
lemma
weak_dual.coe_to_normed_dual
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_normed_dual_eq_iff (x' y' : weak_dual 𝕜 E) : x'.to_normed_dual = y'.to_normed_dual ↔ x' = y'
weak_dual.to_normed_dual.injective.eq_iff
lemma
weak_dual.to_normed_dual_eq_iff
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed_closed_ball (x' : dual 𝕜 E) (r : ℝ) : is_closed (to_normed_dual ⁻¹' closed_ball x' r)
is_closed_induced_iff'.2 (continuous_linear_map.is_weak_closed_closed_ball x' r)
lemma
weak_dual.is_closed_closed_ball
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "continuous_linear_map.is_weak_closed_closed_ball", "is_closed" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
polar (s : set E) : set (weak_dual 𝕜 E)
to_normed_dual ⁻¹' polar 𝕜 s
def
weak_dual.polar
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
The polar set `polar 𝕜 s` of `s : set E` seen as a subset of the dual of `E` with the weak-star topology is `weak_dual.polar 𝕜 s`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
polar_def (s : set E) : polar 𝕜 s = {f : weak_dual 𝕜 E | ∀ x ∈ s, ‖f x‖ ≤ 1}
rfl
lemma
weak_dual.polar_def
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "weak_dual" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed_polar (s : set E) : is_closed (polar 𝕜 s)
begin simp only [polar_def, set_of_forall], exact is_closed_bInter (λ x hx, is_closed_Iic.preimage (weak_bilin.eval_continuous _ _).norm) end
lemma
weak_dual.is_closed_polar
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "is_closed", "is_closed_bInter", "weak_bilin.eval_continuous" ]
The polar `polar 𝕜 s` of a set `s : E` is a closed subset when the weak star topology is used.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed {s : set (weak_dual 𝕜 E)} (hb : bounded (dual.to_weak_dual ⁻¹' s)) (hc : is_closed s) : is_closed ((coe_fn : weak_dual 𝕜 E → E → 𝕜) '' s)
continuous_linear_map.is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_weak_closed hb (is_closed_induced_iff'.1 hc)
lemma
weak_dual.is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "continuous_linear_map.is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_weak_closed", "is_closed", "weak_dual" ]
While the coercion `coe_fn : weak_dual 𝕜 E → (E → 𝕜)` is not a closed map, it sends *bounded* closed sets to closed sets.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_compact_of_bounded_of_closed [proper_space 𝕜] {s : set (weak_dual 𝕜 E)} (hb : bounded (dual.to_weak_dual ⁻¹' s)) (hc : is_closed s) : is_compact s
(embedding.is_compact_iff_is_compact_image fun_like.coe_injective.embedding_induced).mpr $ continuous_linear_map.is_compact_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed_image hb $ is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed hb hc
lemma
weak_dual.is_compact_of_bounded_of_closed
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "continuous_linear_map.is_compact_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed_image", "embedding.is_compact_iff_is_compact_image", "is_closed", "is_compact", "proper_space", "weak_dual" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_closed_image_polar_of_mem_nhds {s : set E} (s_nhd : s ∈ 𝓝 (0 : E)) : is_closed ((coe_fn : weak_dual 𝕜 E → E → 𝕜) '' polar 𝕜 s)
is_closed_image_coe_of_bounded_of_closed (bounded_polar_of_mem_nhds_zero 𝕜 s_nhd) (is_closed_polar _ _)
lemma
weak_dual.is_closed_image_polar_of_mem_nhds
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "is_closed", "weak_dual" ]
The image under `coe_fn : weak_dual 𝕜 E → (E → 𝕜)` of a polar `weak_dual.polar 𝕜 s` of a neighborhood `s` of the origin is a closed set.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
_root_.normed_space.dual.is_closed_image_polar_of_mem_nhds {s : set E} (s_nhd : s ∈ 𝓝 (0 : E)) : is_closed ((coe_fn : dual 𝕜 E → E → 𝕜) '' normed_space.polar 𝕜 s)
is_closed_image_polar_of_mem_nhds 𝕜 s_nhd
lemma
normed_space.dual.is_closed_image_polar_of_mem_nhds
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "is_closed", "normed_space.polar" ]
The image under `coe_fn : normed_space.dual 𝕜 E → (E → 𝕜)` of a polar `polar 𝕜 s` of a neighborhood `s` of the origin is a closed set.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_compact_polar [proper_space 𝕜] {s : set E} (s_nhd : s ∈ 𝓝 (0 : E)) : is_compact (polar 𝕜 s)
is_compact_of_bounded_of_closed (bounded_polar_of_mem_nhds_zero 𝕜 s_nhd) (is_closed_polar _ _)
theorem
weak_dual.is_compact_polar
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "is_compact", "proper_space" ]
The **Banach-Alaoglu theorem**: the polar set of a neighborhood `s` of the origin in a normed space `E` is a compact subset of `weak_dual 𝕜 E`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_compact_closed_ball [proper_space 𝕜] (x' : dual 𝕜 E) (r : ℝ) : is_compact (to_normed_dual ⁻¹' (closed_ball x' r))
is_compact_of_bounded_of_closed bounded_closed_ball (is_closed_closed_ball x' r)
theorem
weak_dual.is_compact_closed_ball
analysis.normed_space
src/analysis/normed_space/weak_dual.lean
[ "topology.algebra.module.weak_dual", "analysis.normed_space.dual", "analysis.normed_space.operator_norm" ]
[ "is_compact", "proper_space" ]
The **Banach-Alaoglu theorem**: closed balls of the dual of a normed space `E` are compact in the weak-star topology.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_extension_norm_eq (p : subspace ℝ E) (f : p →L[ℝ] ℝ) : ∃ g : E →L[ℝ] ℝ, (∀ x : p, g x = f x) ∧ ‖g‖ = ‖f‖
begin rcases exists_extension_of_le_sublinear ⟨p, f⟩ (λ x, ‖f‖ * ‖x‖) (λ c hc x, by simp only [norm_smul c x, real.norm_eq_abs, abs_of_pos hc, mul_left_comm]) (λ x y, _) (λ x, le_trans (le_abs_self _) (f.le_op_norm _)) with ⟨g, g_eq, g_le⟩, set g' := g.mk_continuous (‖f‖) (λ x, abs_le.2 ⟨neg_le.1 $ ...
theorem
real.exists_extension_norm_eq
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "abs_of_pos", "exists_extension_norm_eq", "exists_extension_of_le_sublinear", "le_abs_self", "mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left", "mul_left_comm", "norm_smul", "real.norm_eq_abs", "subspace" ]
Hahn-Banach theorem for continuous linear functions over `ℝ`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_extension_norm_eq (p : subspace 𝕜 F) (f : p →L[𝕜] 𝕜) : ∃ g : F →L[𝕜] 𝕜, (∀ x : p, g x = f x) ∧ ‖g‖ = ‖f‖
begin letI : module ℝ F := restrict_scalars.module ℝ 𝕜 F, letI : is_scalar_tower ℝ 𝕜 F := restrict_scalars.is_scalar_tower _ _ _, letI : normed_space ℝ F := normed_space.restrict_scalars _ 𝕜 _, -- Let `fr: p →L[ℝ] ℝ` be the real part of `f`. let fr := re_clm.comp (f.restrict_scalars ℝ), have fr_apply : ∀...
theorem
exists_extension_norm_eq
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "algebra.id.smul_eq_mul", "continuous_linear_map.extend_to_𝕜_apply", "continuous_linear_map.map_smul", "continuous_linear_map.op_norm_comp_le", "is_scalar_tower", "module", "mul_neg", "mul_zero", "normed_space", "normed_space.restrict_scalars", "one_mul", "real.exists_extension_norm_eq", "s...
Hahn-Banach theorem for continuous linear functions over `𝕜` satisyfing `is_R_or_C 𝕜`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coord_norm' {x : E} (h : x ≠ 0) : ‖(‖x‖ : 𝕜) • coord 𝕜 x h‖ = 1
by rw [norm_smul, is_R_or_C.norm_coe_norm, coord_norm, mul_inv_cancel (mt norm_eq_zero.mp h)]
lemma
coord_norm'
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "is_R_or_C.norm_coe_norm", "mul_inv_cancel", "norm_smul" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_dual_vector (x : E) (h : x ≠ 0) : ∃ g : E →L[𝕜] 𝕜, ‖g‖ = 1 ∧ g x = ‖x‖
begin let p : submodule 𝕜 E := 𝕜 ∙ x, let f := (‖x‖ : 𝕜) • coord 𝕜 x h, obtain ⟨g, hg⟩ := exists_extension_norm_eq p f, refine ⟨g, _, _⟩, { rw [hg.2, coord_norm'] }, { calc g x = g (⟨x, mem_span_singleton_self x⟩ : 𝕜 ∙ x) : by rw coe_mk ... = ((‖x‖ : 𝕜) • coord 𝕜 x h) (⟨x, mem_span_singleton_self...
theorem
exists_dual_vector
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "coord_norm'", "exists_extension_norm_eq", "submodule" ]
Corollary of Hahn-Banach. Given a nonzero element `x` of a normed space, there exists an element of the dual space, of norm `1`, whose value on `x` is `‖x‖`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_dual_vector' [nontrivial E] (x : E) : ∃ g : E →L[𝕜] 𝕜, ‖g‖ = 1 ∧ g x = ‖x‖
begin by_cases hx : x = 0, { obtain ⟨y, hy⟩ := exists_ne (0 : E), obtain ⟨g, hg⟩ : ∃ g : E →L[𝕜] 𝕜, ‖g‖ = 1 ∧ g y = ‖y‖ := exists_dual_vector 𝕜 y hy, refine ⟨g, hg.left, _⟩, simp [hx] }, { exact exists_dual_vector 𝕜 x hx } end
theorem
exists_dual_vector'
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "exists_dual_vector", "exists_ne", "nontrivial" ]
Variant of Hahn-Banach, eliminating the hypothesis that `x` be nonzero, and choosing the dual element arbitrarily when `x = 0`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
exists_dual_vector'' (x : E) : ∃ g : E →L[𝕜] 𝕜, ‖g‖ ≤ 1 ∧ g x = ‖x‖
begin by_cases hx : x = 0, { refine ⟨0, by simp, _⟩, symmetry, simp [hx], }, { rcases exists_dual_vector 𝕜 x hx with ⟨g, g_norm, g_eq⟩, exact ⟨g, g_norm.le, g_eq⟩ } end
theorem
exists_dual_vector''
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/extension.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.normed_space.is_R_or_C", "analysis.normed_space.extend", "data.is_R_or_C.lemmas" ]
[ "exists_dual_vector" ]
Variant of Hahn-Banach, eliminating the hypothesis that `x` be nonzero, but only ensuring that the dual element has norm at most `1` (this can not be improved for the trivial vector space).
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
separate_convex_open_set [topological_space E] [add_comm_group E] [topological_add_group E] [module ℝ E] [has_continuous_smul ℝ E] {s : set E} (hs₀ : (0 : E) ∈ s) (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_open s) {x₀ : E} (hx₀ : x₀ ∉ s) : ∃ f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ, f x₀ = 1 ∧ ∀ x ∈ s, f x < 1
begin let f : E →ₗ.[ℝ] ℝ := linear_pmap.mk_span_singleton x₀ 1 (ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hs₀ hx₀).symm, obtain ⟨φ, hφ₁, hφ₂⟩ := exists_extension_of_le_sublinear f (gauge s) (λ c hc, gauge_smul_of_nonneg hc.le) (gauge_add_le hs₁ $ absorbent_nhds_zero $ hs₂.mem_nhds hs₀) _, have hφ₃ : φ x₀ = 1, { rw [←sub...
lemma
separate_convex_open_set
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "absorbent_nhds_zero", "absorbs", "add_comm_group", "algebra.id.smul_eq_mul", "convex", "exists_extension_of_le_sublinear", "gauge", "gauge_add_le", "gauge_lt_one_of_mem_of_open", "gauge_nonneg", "gauge_smul_of_nonneg", "has_continuous_smul", "is_open", "le_mul_iff_one_le_right", "linear...
Given a set `s` which is a convex neighbourhood of `0` and a point `x₀` outside of it, there is a continuous linear functional `f` separating `x₀` and `s`, in the sense that it sends `x₀` to 1 and all of `s` to values strictly below `1`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_open (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_open s) (ht : convex ℝ t) (disj : disjoint s t) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u : ℝ), (∀ a ∈ s, f a < u) ∧ ∀ b ∈ t, u ≤ f b
begin obtain rfl | ⟨a₀, ha₀⟩ := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty, { exact ⟨0, 0, by simp, λ b hb, le_rfl⟩ }, obtain rfl | ⟨b₀, hb₀⟩ := t.eq_empty_or_nonempty, { exact ⟨0, 1, λ a ha, zero_lt_one, by simp⟩ }, let x₀ := b₀ - a₀, let C := x₀ +ᵥ (s - t), have : (0:E) ∈ C := ⟨a₀ - b₀, sub_mem_sub ha₀ hb₀, by rw [vadd...
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_open
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "cInf_le", "convex", "disjoint", "interior_maximal", "is_open", "le_cInf", "separate_convex_open_set", "zero_lt_one" ]
A version of the **Hahn-Banach theorem**: given disjoint convex sets `s`, `t` where `s` is open, there is a continuous linear functional which separates them.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_open_point (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_open s) (disj : x ∉ s) : ∃ f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ, ∀ a ∈ s, f a < f x
let ⟨f, s, hs, hx⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_open hs₁ hs₂ (convex_singleton x) (disjoint_singleton_right.2 disj) in ⟨f, λ a ha, lt_of_lt_of_le (hs a ha) (hx x (mem_singleton _))⟩
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_open_point
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "convex_singleton", "geometric_hahn_banach_open", "is_open" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_point_open (ht₁ : convex ℝ t) (ht₂ : is_open t) (disj : x ∉ t) : ∃ f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ, ∀ b ∈ t, f x < f b
let ⟨f, hf⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_open_point ht₁ ht₂ disj in ⟨-f, by simpa⟩
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_point_open
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "geometric_hahn_banach_open_point", "is_open" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_open_open (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_open s) (ht₁ : convex ℝ t) (ht₃ : is_open t) (disj : disjoint s t) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u : ℝ), (∀ a ∈ s, f a < u) ∧ ∀ b ∈ t, u < f b
begin obtain (rfl | ⟨a₀, ha₀⟩) := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty, { exact ⟨0, -1, by simp, λ b hb, by norm_num⟩ }, obtain (rfl | ⟨b₀, hb₀⟩) := t.eq_empty_or_nonempty, { exact ⟨0, 1, λ a ha, by norm_num, by simp⟩ }, obtain ⟨f, s, hf₁, hf₂⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_open hs₁ hs₂ ht₁ disj, have hf : is_open_map f, { ...
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_open_open
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "disjoint", "geometric_hahn_banach_open", "interior_maximal", "is_open", "is_open_map" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_compact s) (ht₁ : convex ℝ t) (ht₂ : is_closed t) (disj : disjoint s t) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u v : ℝ), (∀ a ∈ s, f a < u) ∧ u < v ∧ ∀ b ∈ t, v < f b
begin obtain rfl | hs := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty, { exact ⟨0, -2, -1, by simp, by norm_num, λ b hb, by norm_num⟩ }, unfreezingI { obtain rfl | ht := t.eq_empty_or_nonempty }, { exact ⟨0, 1, 2, λ a ha, by norm_num, by norm_num, by simp⟩ }, obtain ⟨U, V, hU, hV, hU₁, hV₁, sU, tV, disj'⟩ := disj.exists_open_conve...
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "disjoint", "geometric_hahn_banach_open_open", "is_closed", "is_compact" ]
A version of the **Hahn-Banach theorem**: given disjoint convex sets `s`, `t` where `s` is compact and `t` is closed, there is a continuous linear functional which strongly separates them.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_closed_compact (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_closed s) (ht₁ : convex ℝ t) (ht₂ : is_compact t) (disj : disjoint s t) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u v : ℝ), (∀ a ∈ s, f a < u) ∧ u < v ∧ ∀ b ∈ t, v < f b
let ⟨f, s, t, hs, st, ht⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed ht₁ ht₂ hs₁ hs₂ disj.symm in ⟨-f, -t, -s, by simpa using ht, by simpa using st, by simpa using hs⟩
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_closed_compact
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "disjoint", "geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed", "is_closed", "is_compact" ]
A version of the **Hahn-Banach theorem**: given disjoint convex sets `s`, `t` where `s` is closed, and `t` is compact, there is a continuous linear functional which strongly separates them.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_point_closed (ht₁ : convex ℝ t) (ht₂ : is_closed t) (disj : x ∉ t) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u : ℝ), f x < u ∧ ∀ b ∈ t, u < f b
let ⟨f, u, v, ha, hst, hb⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed (convex_singleton x) is_compact_singleton ht₁ ht₂ (disjoint_singleton_left.2 disj) in ⟨f, v, hst.trans' $ ha x $ mem_singleton _, hb⟩
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_point_closed
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "convex_singleton", "geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed", "is_closed", "is_compact_singleton" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_closed_point (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_closed s) (disj : x ∉ s) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ) (u : ℝ), (∀ a ∈ s, f a < u) ∧ u < f x
let ⟨f, s, t, ha, hst, hb⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_closed_compact hs₁ hs₂ (convex_singleton x) is_compact_singleton (disjoint_singleton_right.2 disj) in ⟨f, s, ha, hst.trans $ hb x $ mem_singleton _⟩
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_closed_point
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex", "convex_singleton", "geometric_hahn_banach_closed_compact", "is_closed", "is_compact_singleton" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
geometric_hahn_banach_point_point [t1_space E] (hxy : x ≠ y) : ∃ (f : E →L[ℝ] ℝ), f x < f y
begin obtain ⟨f, s, t, hs, st, ht⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed (convex_singleton x) is_compact_singleton (convex_singleton y) is_closed_singleton (disjoint_singleton.2 hxy), exact ⟨f, by linarith [hs x rfl, ht y rfl]⟩, end
theorem
geometric_hahn_banach_point_point
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "convex_singleton", "geometric_hahn_banach_compact_closed", "is_closed_singleton", "is_compact_singleton", "t1_space" ]
See also `normed_space.eq_iff_forall_dual_eq`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
Inter_halfspaces_eq (hs₁ : convex ℝ s) (hs₂ : is_closed s) : (⋂ (l : E →L[ℝ] ℝ), {x | ∃ y ∈ s, l x ≤ l y}) = s
begin rw set.Inter_set_of, refine set.subset.antisymm (λ x hx, _) (λ x hx l, ⟨x, hx, le_rfl⟩), by_contra, obtain ⟨l, s, hlA, hl⟩ := geometric_hahn_banach_closed_point hs₁ hs₂ h, obtain ⟨y, hy, hxy⟩ := hx l, exact ((hxy.trans_lt (hlA y hy)).trans hl).not_le le_rfl, end
lemma
Inter_halfspaces_eq
analysis.normed_space.hahn_banach
src/analysis/normed_space/hahn_banach/separation.lean
[ "analysis.convex.cone.basic", "analysis.convex.gauge", "topology.algebra.module.finite_dimension", "topology.algebra.module.locally_convex" ]
[ "by_contra", "convex", "geometric_hahn_banach_closed_point", "is_closed", "le_rfl", "set.Inter_set_of", "set.subset.antisymm" ]
A closed convex set is the intersection of the halfspaces containing it.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
normed_star_group (E : Type*) [seminormed_add_comm_group E] [star_add_monoid E] : Prop
(norm_star : ∀ x : E, ‖x⋆‖ = ‖x‖)
class
normed_star_group
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "seminormed_add_comm_group", "star_add_monoid" ]
A normed star group is a normed group with a compatible `star` which is isometric.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
nnnorm_star (x : E) : ‖star x‖₊ = ‖x‖₊
subtype.ext $ norm_star _
lemma
nnnorm_star
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "subtype.ext" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_normed_add_group_hom : normed_add_group_hom E E
{ bound' := ⟨1, λ v, le_trans (norm_star _).le (one_mul _).symm.le⟩, .. star_add_equiv }
def
star_normed_add_group_hom
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "bound'", "normed_add_group_hom", "one_mul", "star_add_equiv" ]
The `star` map in a normed star group is a normed group homomorphism.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_isometry : isometry (star : E → E)
show isometry star_add_equiv, by exact add_monoid_hom_class.isometry_of_norm star_add_equiv (show ∀ x, ‖x⋆‖ = ‖x‖, from norm_star)
lemma
star_isometry
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "isometry", "star_add_equiv" ]
The `star` map in a normed star group is an isometry
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
normed_star_group.to_has_continuous_star : has_continuous_star E
⟨star_isometry.continuous⟩
instance
normed_star_group.to_has_continuous_star
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "has_continuous_star" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
ring_hom_isometric.star_ring_end [normed_comm_ring E] [star_ring E] [normed_star_group E] : ring_hom_isometric (star_ring_end E)
⟨norm_star⟩
instance
ring_hom_isometric.star_ring_end
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "normed_comm_ring", "normed_star_group", "ring_hom_isometric", "star_ring", "star_ring_end" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
cstar_ring (E : Type*) [non_unital_normed_ring E] [star_ring E] : Prop
(norm_star_mul_self : ∀ {x : E}, ‖x⋆ * x‖ = ‖x‖ * ‖x‖)
class
cstar_ring
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "non_unital_normed_ring", "star_ring" ]
A C*-ring is a normed star ring that satifies the stronger condition `‖x⋆ * x‖ = ‖x‖^2` for every `x`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_normed_star_group : normed_star_group E
⟨begin intro x, by_cases htriv : x = 0, { simp only [htriv, star_zero] }, { have hnt : 0 < ‖x‖ := norm_pos_iff.mpr htriv, have hnt_star : 0 < ‖x⋆‖ := norm_pos_iff.mpr ((add_equiv.map_ne_zero_iff star_add_equiv).mpr htriv), have h₁ := calc ‖x‖ * ‖x‖ = ‖x⋆ * x‖ : norm_star_mul_self.symm...
instance
cstar_ring.to_normed_star_group
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "le_of_mul_le_mul_right", "norm_mul_le", "normed_star_group", "star_add_equiv", "star_star", "star_zero" ]
In a C*-ring, star preserves the norm.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_self_mul_star {x : E} : ‖x * x⋆‖ = ‖x‖ * ‖x‖
by { nth_rewrite 0 [←star_star x], simp only [norm_star_mul_self, norm_star] }
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_self_mul_star
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_star_mul_self' {x : E} : ‖x⋆ * x‖ = ‖x⋆‖ * ‖x‖
by rw [norm_star_mul_self, norm_star]
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_star_mul_self'
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
nnnorm_self_mul_star {x : E} : ‖x * star x‖₊ = ‖x‖₊ * ‖x‖₊
subtype.ext norm_self_mul_star
lemma
cstar_ring.nnnorm_self_mul_star
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "subtype.ext" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
nnnorm_star_mul_self {x : E} : ‖x⋆ * x‖₊ = ‖x‖₊ * ‖x‖₊
subtype.ext norm_star_mul_self
lemma
cstar_ring.nnnorm_star_mul_self
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "subtype.ext" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_mul_self_eq_zero_iff (x : E) : star x * x = 0 ↔ x = 0
by { rw [←norm_eq_zero, norm_star_mul_self], exact mul_self_eq_zero.trans norm_eq_zero }
lemma
cstar_ring.star_mul_self_eq_zero_iff
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "norm_eq_zero" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_mul_self_ne_zero_iff (x : E) : star x * x ≠ 0 ↔ x ≠ 0
by simp only [ne.def, star_mul_self_eq_zero_iff]
lemma
cstar_ring.star_mul_self_ne_zero_iff
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
mul_star_self_eq_zero_iff (x : E) : x * star x = 0 ↔ x = 0
by simpa only [star_eq_zero, star_star] using @star_mul_self_eq_zero_iff _ _ _ _ (star x)
lemma
cstar_ring.mul_star_self_eq_zero_iff
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "star_eq_zero", "star_star" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
mul_star_self_ne_zero_iff (x : E) : x * star x ≠ 0 ↔ x ≠ 0
by simp only [ne.def, mul_star_self_eq_zero_iff]
lemma
cstar_ring.mul_star_self_ne_zero_iff
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
_root_.pi.star_ring' : star_ring (Π i, R i)
infer_instance
instance
pi.star_ring'
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "star_ring" ]
This instance exists to short circuit type class resolution because of problems with inference involving Π-types.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
_root_.prod.cstar_ring : cstar_ring (R₁ × R₂)
{ norm_star_mul_self := λ x, begin unfold norm, simp only [prod.fst_mul, prod.fst_star, prod.snd_mul, prod.snd_star, norm_star_mul_self, ←sq], refine le_antisymm _ _, { refine max_le _ _; rw [sq_le_sq, abs_of_nonneg (norm_nonneg _)], exact (le_max_left _ _).trans (le_abs_self _), exa...
instance
prod.cstar_ring
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "abs_of_nonneg", "cstar_ring", "le_abs_self", "le_sup_iff", "prod.fst_mul", "prod.fst_star", "prod.snd_mul", "prod.snd_star", "sq_le_sq" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
_root_.pi.cstar_ring : cstar_ring (Π i, R i)
{ norm_star_mul_self := λ x, begin simp only [norm, pi.mul_apply, pi.star_apply, nnnorm_star_mul_self, ←sq], norm_cast, exact (finset.comp_sup_eq_sup_comp_of_is_total (λ x : nnreal, x ^ 2) (λ x y h, by simpa only [sq] using mul_le_mul' h h) (by simp)).symm, end }
instance
pi.cstar_ring
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "cstar_ring", "finset.comp_sup_eq_sup_comp_of_is_total", "mul_le_mul'", "nnreal", "pi.mul_apply", "pi.star_apply" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
_root_.pi.cstar_ring' : cstar_ring (ι → R₁)
pi.cstar_ring
instance
pi.cstar_ring'
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "cstar_ring", "pi.cstar_ring" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_one [nontrivial E] : ‖(1 : E)‖ = 1
begin have : 0 < ‖(1 : E)‖ := norm_pos_iff.mpr one_ne_zero, rw [←mul_left_inj' this.ne', ←norm_star_mul_self, mul_one, star_one, one_mul], end
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_one
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "mul_one", "nontrivial", "one_mul", "one_ne_zero", "star_one" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_coe_unitary [nontrivial E] (U : unitary E) : ‖(U : E)‖ = 1
begin rw [←sq_eq_sq (norm_nonneg _) zero_le_one, one_pow 2, sq, ←cstar_ring.norm_star_mul_self, unitary.coe_star_mul_self, cstar_ring.norm_one], end
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_coe_unitary
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "cstar_ring.norm_one", "nontrivial", "one_pow", "unitary", "unitary.coe_star_mul_self", "zero_le_one" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_of_mem_unitary [nontrivial E] {U : E} (hU : U ∈ unitary E) : ‖U‖ = 1
norm_coe_unitary ⟨U, hU⟩
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_of_mem_unitary
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "nontrivial", "unitary" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_coe_unitary_mul (U : unitary E) (A : E) : ‖(U : E) * A‖ = ‖A‖
begin nontriviality E, refine le_antisymm _ _, { calc _ ≤ ‖(U : E)‖ * ‖A‖ : norm_mul_le _ _ ... = ‖A‖ : by rw [norm_coe_unitary, one_mul] }, { calc _ = ‖(U : E)⋆ * U * A‖ : by rw [unitary.coe_star_mul_self U, one_mul] ... ≤ ‖(U : E)⋆‖ * ‖(U : E) * A‖ : by { rw [mul_as...
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_coe_unitary_mul
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "mul_assoc", "norm_mul_le", "one_mul", "unitary", "unitary.coe_star_mul_self" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_unitary_smul (U : unitary E) (A : E) : ‖U • A‖ = ‖A‖
norm_coe_unitary_mul U A
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_unitary_smul
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "unitary" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_mem_unitary_mul {U : E} (A : E) (hU : U ∈ unitary E) : ‖U * A‖ = ‖A‖
norm_coe_unitary_mul ⟨U, hU⟩ A
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_mem_unitary_mul
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "unitary" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_mul_coe_unitary (A : E) (U : unitary E) : ‖A * U‖ = ‖A‖
calc _ = ‖((U : E)⋆ * A⋆)⋆‖ : by simp only [star_star, star_mul] ... = ‖(U : E)⋆ * A⋆‖ : by rw [norm_star] ... = ‖A⋆‖ : norm_mem_unitary_mul (star A) (unitary.star_mem U.prop) ... = ‖A‖ : norm_star _
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_mul_coe_unitary
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "star_star", "unitary", "unitary.star_mem" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
norm_mul_mem_unitary (A : E) {U : E} (hU : U ∈ unitary E) : ‖A * U‖ = ‖A‖
norm_mul_coe_unitary A ⟨U, hU⟩
lemma
cstar_ring.norm_mul_mem_unitary
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "unitary" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
is_self_adjoint.nnnorm_pow_two_pow [normed_ring E] [star_ring E] [cstar_ring E] {x : E} (hx : is_self_adjoint x) (n : ℕ) : ‖x ^ 2 ^ n‖₊ = ‖x‖₊ ^ (2 ^ n)
begin induction n with k hk, { simp only [pow_zero, pow_one] }, { rw [pow_succ, pow_mul', sq], nth_rewrite 0 ←(self_adjoint.mem_iff.mp hx), rw [←star_pow, cstar_ring.nnnorm_star_mul_self, ←sq, hk, pow_mul'] }, end
lemma
is_self_adjoint.nnnorm_pow_two_pow
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "cstar_ring", "cstar_ring.nnnorm_star_mul_self", "is_self_adjoint", "normed_ring", "pow_mul'", "pow_one", "pow_succ", "pow_zero", "star_ring" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
self_adjoint.nnnorm_pow_two_pow [normed_ring E] [star_ring E] [cstar_ring E] (x : self_adjoint E) (n : ℕ) : ‖x ^ 2 ^ n‖₊ = ‖x‖₊ ^ (2 ^ n)
x.prop.nnnorm_pow_two_pow _
lemma
self_adjoint.nnnorm_pow_two_pow
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "cstar_ring", "normed_ring", "self_adjoint", "star_ring" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
starₗᵢ : E ≃ₗᵢ⋆[𝕜] E
{ map_smul' := star_smul, norm_map' := norm_star, .. star_add_equiv }
def
starₗᵢ
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "star_add_equiv" ]
`star` bundled as a linear isometric equivalence
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
coe_starₗᵢ : (starₗᵢ 𝕜 : E → E) = star
rfl
lemma
coe_starₗᵢ
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "starₗᵢ" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
starₗᵢ_apply {x : E} : starₗᵢ 𝕜 x = star x
rfl
lemma
starₗᵢ_apply
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "starₗᵢ" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
starₗᵢ_to_continuous_linear_equiv : (starₗᵢ 𝕜 : E ≃ₗᵢ⋆[𝕜] E).to_continuous_linear_equiv = (starL 𝕜 : E ≃L⋆[𝕜] E)
continuous_linear_equiv.ext rfl
lemma
starₗᵢ_to_continuous_linear_equiv
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "continuous_linear_equiv.ext", "starL", "starₗᵢ" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_normed_algebra {𝕜 A : Type*} [normed_field 𝕜] [star_ring 𝕜] [semi_normed_ring A] [star_ring A] [normed_algebra 𝕜 A] [star_module 𝕜 A] (S : star_subalgebra 𝕜 A) : normed_algebra 𝕜 S
@normed_algebra.induced _ 𝕜 S A _ (subring_class.to_ring S) S.algebra _ _ _ S.subtype
instance
star_subalgebra.to_normed_algebra
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "normed_algebra", "normed_algebra.induced", "normed_field", "semi_normed_ring", "star_module", "star_ring", "star_subalgebra", "subring_class.to_ring" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
to_cstar_ring {R A} [comm_ring R] [star_ring R] [normed_ring A] [star_ring A] [cstar_ring A] [algebra R A] [star_module R A] (S : star_subalgebra R A) : cstar_ring S
{ norm_star_mul_self := λ x, @cstar_ring.norm_star_mul_self A _ _ _ x }
instance
star_subalgebra.to_cstar_ring
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/basic.lean
[ "analysis.normed.group.hom", "analysis.normed_space.basic", "analysis.normed_space.linear_isometry", "algebra.star.self_adjoint", "algebra.star.unitary", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra", "topology.algebra.module.star" ]
[ "algebra", "comm_ring", "cstar_ring", "normed_ring", "star_module", "star_ring", "star_subalgebra" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
elemental_star_algebra.complex.normed_algebra (a : A) : normed_algebra ℂ (elemental_star_algebra ℂ a)
infer_instance
instance
elemental_star_algebra.complex.normed_algebra
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "elemental_star_algebra", "normed_algebra" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
spectrum_star_mul_self_of_is_star_normal : spectrum ℂ (star a * a) ⊆ set.Icc (0 : ℂ) (‖star a * a‖)
begin -- this instance should be found automatically, but without providing it Lean goes on a wild -- goose chase when trying to apply `spectrum.gelfand_transform_eq`. letI := elemental_star_algebra.complex.normed_algebra a, unfreezingI { rcases subsingleton_or_nontrivial A }, { simp only [spectrum.of_subsing...
lemma
spectrum_star_mul_self_of_is_star_normal
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "alg_hom.norm_apply_le_self", "complex.eq_coe_norm_of_nonneg", "continuous_map.spectrum_eq_range", "elemental_star_algebra", "elemental_star_algebra.complex.normed_algebra", "map_mul", "set.Icc", "set.empty_subset", "spectrum", "spectrum.of_subsingleton", "spectrum.subset_star_subalgebra", "st...
This lemma is used in the proof of `star_subalgebra.is_unit_of_is_unit_of_is_star_normal`, which in turn is the key to spectral permanence `star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq`, which is itself necessary for the continuous functional calculus. Using the continuous functional calculus, this lemma can be superseded by one that o...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
elemental_star_algebra.is_unit_of_is_unit_of_is_star_normal (h : is_unit a) : is_unit (⟨a, self_mem ℂ a⟩ : elemental_star_algebra ℂ a)
begin /- Sketch of proof: Because `a` is normal, it suffices to prove that `star a * a` is invertible in `elemental_star_algebra ℂ a`. For this it suffices to prove that it is sufficiently close to a unit, namely `algebra_map ℂ _ ‖star a * a‖`, and in this case the required distance is `‖star a * a‖`. So one mu...
lemma
elemental_star_algebra.is_unit_of_is_unit_of_is_star_normal
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "abs_norm", "algebra_map", "coe_coe", "commute", "complex.abs_of_real", "complex.eq_coe_norm_of_nonneg", "complex.norm_eq_abs", "elemental_star_algebra", "inv_inv", "is_R_or_C.conj_of_real", "is_R_or_C.star_def", "is_self_adjoint", "is_self_adjoint.spectral_radius_eq_nnnorm", "is_unit", ...
This is the key lemma on the way to establishing spectral permanence for C⋆-algebras, which is established in `star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq`. This lemma is superseded by `star_subalgebra.coe_is_unit`, which does not require an `is_star_normal` hypothesis and holds for any closed star subalgebra.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_subalgebra.is_unit_coe_inv_mem {S : star_subalgebra ℂ A} (hS : is_closed (S : set A)) {x : A} (h : is_unit x) (hxS : x ∈ S) : ↑h.unit⁻¹ ∈ S
begin have hx := h.star.mul h, suffices this : (↑hx.unit⁻¹ : A) ∈ S, { rw [←one_mul (↑h.unit⁻¹ : A), ←hx.unit.inv_mul, mul_assoc, is_unit.unit_spec, mul_assoc, h.mul_coe_inv, mul_one], exact mul_mem this (star_mem hxS) }, refine le_of_is_closed_of_mem ℂ hS (mul_mem (star_mem hxS) hxS) _, haveI := (i...
lemma
star_subalgebra.is_unit_coe_inv_mem
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "elemental_star_algebra", "elemental_star_algebra.is_unit_of_is_unit_of_is_star_normal", "is_closed", "is_self_adjoint.star_mul_self", "is_star_normal", "is_unit", "is_unit.unit_spec", "left_inv_eq_right_inv", "mul_assoc", "mul_one", "star_subalgebra" ]
For `x : A` which is invertible in `A`, the inverse lies in any unital C⋆-subalgebra `S` containing `x`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_subalgebra.coe_is_unit {S : star_subalgebra ℂ A} (hS : is_closed (S : set A)) {x : S} : is_unit (x : A) ↔ is_unit x
begin refine ⟨λ hx, ⟨⟨x, ⟨(↑hx.unit⁻¹ : A), star_subalgebra.is_unit_coe_inv_mem hS hx x.prop⟩, _, _⟩, rfl⟩, λ hx, hx.map S.subtype⟩, exacts [subtype.coe_injective hx.mul_coe_inv, subtype.coe_injective hx.coe_inv_mul], end
lemma
star_subalgebra.coe_is_unit
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "is_closed", "is_unit", "star_subalgebra", "star_subalgebra.is_unit_coe_inv_mem", "subtype.coe_injective" ]
For a unital C⋆-subalgebra `S` of `A` and `x : S`, if `↑x : A` is invertible in `A`, then `x` is invertible in `S`.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_subalgebra.mem_spectrum_iff {S : star_subalgebra ℂ A} (hS : is_closed (S : set A)) {x : S} {z : ℂ} : z ∈ spectrum ℂ x ↔ z ∈ spectrum ℂ (x : A)
not_iff_not.2 (star_subalgebra.coe_is_unit hS).symm
lemma
star_subalgebra.mem_spectrum_iff
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "is_closed", "spectrum", "star_subalgebra", "star_subalgebra.coe_is_unit" ]
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq {S : star_subalgebra ℂ A} (hS : is_closed (S : set A)) (x : S) : spectrum ℂ x = spectrum ℂ (x : A)
set.ext $ λ z, star_subalgebra.mem_spectrum_iff hS
lemma
star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "is_closed", "set.ext", "spectrum", "star_subalgebra", "star_subalgebra.mem_spectrum_iff" ]
**Spectral permanence.** The spectrum of an element is invariant of the (closed) `star_subalgebra` in which it is contained.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83
elemental_star_algebra.character_space_to_spectrum (x : A) (φ : character_space ℂ (elemental_star_algebra ℂ x)) : spectrum ℂ x
{ val := φ ⟨x, self_mem ℂ x⟩, property := by simpa only [star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq (elemental_star_algebra.is_closed ℂ x) ⟨x, self_mem ℂ x⟩] using alg_hom.apply_mem_spectrum φ (⟨x, self_mem ℂ x⟩) }
def
elemental_star_algebra.character_space_to_spectrum
analysis.normed_space.star
src/analysis/normed_space/star/continuous_functional_calculus.lean
[ "analysis.normed_space.star.gelfand_duality", "topology.algebra.star_subalgebra" ]
[ "alg_hom.apply_mem_spectrum", "elemental_star_algebra", "elemental_star_algebra.is_closed", "spectrum", "star_subalgebra.spectrum_eq" ]
The natural map from `character_space ℂ (elemental_star_algebra ℂ x)` to `spectrum ℂ x` given by evaluating `φ` at `x`. This is essentially just evaluation of the `gelfand_transform` of `x`, but because we want something in `spectrum ℂ x`, as opposed to `spectrum ℂ ⟨x, elemental_star_algebra.self_mem ℂ x⟩` there is sli...
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib
65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83