task_url
stringlengths
30
116
task_name
stringlengths
2
86
task_description
stringlengths
0
14.4k
language_url
stringlengths
2
53
language_name
stringlengths
1
52
code
stringlengths
0
61.9k
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#Raku
Raku
sub postfix:<𒋦>($n) { say "$n trilobites" }   sub term:<𝍧> { unival('𝍧') }   𝍧𒋦
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program determines what characters are valid for REXX symbols. */ @= /*set symbol characters " " */ do j=0 for 2**8 /*traipse through all the chars. */ _=d2c(j) /*convert decimal number to char.*/ if datatype(_,'S'...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_noise
Image noise
Generate a random black and white   320x240   image continuously, showing FPS (frames per second). A sample image
#C
C
#include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> #include <SDL/SDL.h>   unsigned int frames = 0; unsigned int t_acc = 0;   void print_fps () { static Uint32 last_t = 0; Uint32 t = SDL_GetTicks(); Uint32 dt = t - last_t; t_acc += dt; if (t_acc > 1000) { unsigned int el_time = t_acc / 1000; pr...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_convolution
Image convolution
One class of image digital filters is described by a rectangular matrix of real coefficients called kernel convoluted in a sliding window of image pixels. Usually the kernel is square K k l {\displaystyle K_{kl}} , where k, l are in the range -R,-R+1,..,R-1,R. W=2R+1 is the kernel width. The filter determine...
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
(load "rgb-pixel-buffer") (load "ppm-file-io")   (defpackage #:convolve (:use #:common-lisp #:rgb-pixel-buffer #:ppm-file-io))   (in-package #:convolve) (defconstant +row-offsets+ '(-1 -1 -1 0 0 0 1 1 1)) (defconstant +col-offsets+ '(-1 0 1 -1 0 1 -1 0 1)) (defstruct cnv-record descr width kernel divisor offset) (def...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Iterated_digits_squaring
Iterated digits squaring
If you add the square of the digits of a Natural number (an integer bigger than zero), you always end with either 1 or 89: 15 -> 26 -> 40 -> 16 -> 37 -> 58 -> 89 7 -> 49 -> 97 -> 130 -> 10 -> 1 An example in Python: >>> step = lambda x: sum(int(d) ** 2 for d in str(x)) >>> iterate = lambda x: x if x in [1, 89] else i...
#X86_Assembly
X86 Assembly
  section .data count dd 0   section .text global _main _main: mov ecx, 1 looping: mov eax, ecx ;pass parameter in eax push ecx call doMath pop ecx add [count], eax ;doMath returns 0 or 1 in eax inc ecx cmp ecx, 100000001 jl looping mov eax...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#Phix
Phix
without javascript_semantics include mpfr.e procedure rank(mpz r, sequence s) s = deep_copy(s) for i=1 to length(s) do s[i] = sprintf("%d",s[i]) end for mpz_set_str(r,join(s,'a'),11) end procedure function unrank(mpz i) sequence res = split(mpz_get_str(i,11),'a') for j=1 to length(r...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#DCL
DCL
$ i = 1 $ loop: $ write sys$output i $ i = i + 1 $ goto loop
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#Delphi
Delphi
program IntegerSequence;   {$APPTYPE CONSOLE}   var i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to High(i) do WriteLn(i); end.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#Forth
Forth
: inf ( -- f ) 1e 0e f/ ; inf f. \ implementation specific. GNU Forth will output "inf"   : inf? ( f -- ? ) s" MAX-FLOAT" environment? drop f> ; \ IEEE infinity is the only value for which this will return true   : has-inf ( -- ? ) ['] inf catch if false else inf? then ;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#Fortran
Fortran
program to_f_the_ineffable use, intrinsic :: ieee_arithmetic integer :: i real dimension(2) :: y, x = (/ 30, ieee_value(y,ieee_positive_inf) /)   do i = 1, 2 if (ieee_support_datatype(x(i))) then if (ieee_is_finite(x(i))) then print *, 'x(',i,') is finite' else ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Raku
Raku
class Camera {} class MobilePhone {} class CameraPhone is Camera is MobilePhone {}   say CameraPhone.^mro; # undefined type object say CameraPhone.new.^mro; # instantiated object
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Ring
Ring
  # Project : Inheritance/Multiple   mergemethods(:CameraPhone,:MobilePhone)   o1 = new CameraPhone ? o1 ? o1.testCamera() ? o1.testMobilePhone()   func AddParentClassAttributes oObject,cClass # Add Attributes cCode = "oTempObject = new " + cClass eval(cCode) for cAttribute in Attributes(...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Ruby
Ruby
module Camera # define methods here end class MobilePhone # define methods here end class CameraPhone < MobilePhone include Camera # define methods here end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Rust
Rust
trait Camera {} trait MobilePhone {} trait CameraPhone: Camera + MobilePhone {}
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increasing_gaps_between_consecutive_Niven_numbers
Increasing gaps between consecutive Niven numbers
Note:   Niven   numbers are also called   Harshad   numbers.   They are also called    multidigital   numbers. Niven numbers are positive integers which are evenly divisible by the sum of its digits   (expressed in base ten). Evenly divisible   means   divisible with no remainder. Task   find the gap (differen...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program finds and displays the largest gap between Niven numbers (up to LIMIT).*/ parse arg lim . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/ if lim=='' | lim==',' then lim= 10000000 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ numeric digits 2 + max(8, length(lim) ) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_overflow
Integer overflow
Some languages support one or more integer types of the underlying processor. This integer types have fixed size;   usually   8-bit,   16-bit,   32-bit,   or   64-bit. The integers supported by such a type can be   signed   or   unsigned. Arithmetic for machine level integers can often be done by single CPU instruct...
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
100H: /* SHOW INTEGER OVERFLOW */   /* CP/M SYSTEM CALL */ BDOS: PROCEDURE( FN, ARG ); DECLARE FN BYTE, ARG ADDRESS; GOTO 5; END; /* CONSOLE I/O ROUTINES */ PRCHAR: PROCEDURE( C ); DECLARE C BYTE; CALL BDOS( 2, C ); END; PRSTRING: PROCEDURE( S ); DECLARE S ADDRESS; CALL BDOS( 9, S ); END; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Input_loop
Input loop
Input loop is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Read from a text stream either word-by-word or line-by-line until the stream runs out of data. The stream will have an unknown amount of data on it.
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64   Dim line_ As String ' line is a keyword Open "input.txt" For Input As #1   While Not Eof(1) Input #1, line_ Print line_ ' echo to the console Wend   Close #1 Print Print "Press any key to quit" Sleep
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Input_loop
Input loop
Input loop is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Read from a text stream either word-by-word or line-by-line until the stream runs out of data. The stream will have an unknown amount of data on it.
#Frink
Frink
while (line = readStdin[]) != undef println[line]  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Isqrt_(integer_square_root)_of_X
Isqrt (integer square root) of X
Sometimes a function is needed to find the integer square root of   X,   where   X   can be a real non─negative number. Often   X   is actually a non─negative integer. For the purposes of this task,   X   can be an integer or a real number,   but if it simplifies things in your computer programming language,   assume...
#Rust
Rust
  use num::BigUint; use num::CheckedSub; use num_traits::{One, Zero};   fn isqrt(number: &BigUint) -> BigUint { let mut q: BigUint = One::one(); while q <= *number { q <<= &2; }   let mut z = number.clone(); let mut result: BigUint = Zero::zero();   while q > One::one() { q >>= &...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Isqrt_(integer_square_root)_of_X
Isqrt (integer square root) of X
Sometimes a function is needed to find the integer square root of   X,   where   X   can be a real non─negative number. Often   X   is actually a non─negative integer. For the purposes of this task,   X   can be an integer or a real number,   but if it simplifies things in your computer programming language,   assume...
#S-BASIC
S-BASIC
  comment return integer square root of n using quadratic residue algorithm. WARNING: the function will fail for x > 16,383. end function isqrt(x = integer) = integer var q, r, t = integer q = 1 while q <= x do q = q * 4 rem overflow may occur here! r = 0 while q > 1 do begin q = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inverted_index
Inverted index
An Inverted Index is a data structure used to create full text search. Task Given a set of text files, implement a program to create an inverted index. Also create a user interface to do a search using that inverted index which returns a list of files that contain the query term / terms. The search index can be i...
#OCaml
OCaml
ocamlc -c \ -pp "camlp4o -I `ocamlc -where`/type-conv \ -I `ocamlc -where`/sexplib \ pa_type_conv.cmo pa_sexp_conv.cmo" \ unix.cma bigarray.cma nums.cma -I +sexplib sexplib.cma str.cma \ inv.ml
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inverted_index
Inverted index
An Inverted Index is a data structure used to create full text search. Task Given a set of text files, implement a program to create an inverted index. Also create a user interface to do a search using that inverted index which returns a list of files that contain the query term / terms. The search index can be i...
#Perl
Perl
use Set::Object 'set';   # given an array of files, returns the index sub createindex { my @files = @_;   my %iindex;   foreach my $file (@files) { open(F, "<", $file) or die "Can't read file $file: $!"; while(<F>) { s/\A\W+//; foreach my $w (map {lc} grep {length() >= 3} spl...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Introspection
Introspection
Task verify the version/revision of your currently running (compiler/interpreter/byte-compiler/runtime environment/whatever your language uses) and exit if it is too old. check whether the variable "bloop" exists and whether the math-function "abs()" is available and if yes compute abs(bloop). Extra credit Repor...
#OCaml
OCaml
# Sys.ocaml_version;; - : string = "3.10.2"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Introspection
Introspection
Task verify the version/revision of your currently running (compiler/interpreter/byte-compiler/runtime environment/whatever your language uses) and exit if it is too old. check whether the variable "bloop" exists and whether the math-function "abs()" is available and if yes compute abs(bloop). Extra credit Repor...
#Oforth
Oforth
: bloopAbs | bl m | System.VERSION println   Word find("bloop") ->bl bl isA(Constant) ifFalse: [ "bloop constant does not exist" println return ]   "abs" asMethod ->m m ifNull: [ "abs method does not exist" println return ]   System.Out "bloop value is : " << bl value << cr System.Out "bloop abs ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Josephus_problem
Josephus problem
Josephus problem is a math puzzle with a grim description: n {\displaystyle n} prisoners are standing on a circle, sequentially numbered from 0 {\displaystyle 0} to n − 1 {\displaystyle n-1} . An executioner walks along the circle, starting from prisoner 0 {\displaystyle 0} , removing eve...
#Objeck
Objeck
class Josephus { function : Execute(n : Int, k : Int) ~ Int { killIdx := 0; prisoners := Collection.IntVector->New(); for(i := 0;i < n;i+=1;){ prisoners->AddBack(i); };   "Prisoners executed in order:"->PrintLine(); while(prisoners->Size() > 1){ killIdx := (killIdx + k - 1) % priso...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Interactive_programming_(repl)
Interactive programming (repl)
Many language implementations come with an interactive mode. This is a command-line interpreter that reads lines from the user and evaluates these lines as statements or expressions. An interactive mode may also be known as a command mode,   a read-eval-print loop (REPL),   or a shell. Task Show how to start this...
#Quackery
Quackery
> quackery Welcome to Quackery. Enter "leave" to leave the shell. /O> say " now entering a nested shell..." ... shell ... now entering a nested shell... /O> say " now leaving the nested shell" ... leave ... now leaving the nested shell Auf wiedersehen. Stack empty. /O> say " now leaving the shell invoked at ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Interactive_programming_(repl)
Interactive programming (repl)
Many language implementations come with an interactive mode. This is a command-line interpreter that reads lines from the user and evaluates these lines as statements or expressions. An interactive mode may also be known as a command mode,   a read-eval-print loop (REPL),   or a shell. Task Show how to start this...
#R
R
$ R   R version 2.7.2 (2008-08-25) Copyright (C) 2008 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0   R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.   Natural language supp...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Interactive_programming_(repl)
Interactive programming (repl)
Many language implementations come with an interactive mode. This is a command-line interpreter that reads lines from the user and evaluates these lines as statements or expressions. An interactive mode may also be known as a command mode,   a read-eval-print loop (REPL),   or a shell. Task Show how to start this...
#Racket
Racket
oiseau:/tmp> racket Welcome to Racket v5.3.3.5. > (define (f string-1 string-2 separator) (string-append string-1 separator separator string-2)) > (f "Rosetta" "Code" ":") "Rosetta::Code" > ^D oiseau:/tmp>
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/ISBN13_check_digit
ISBN13 check digit
Task Validate the check digit of an ISBN-13 code:   Multiply every other digit by  3.   Add these numbers and the other digits.   Take the remainder of this number after division by  10.   If it is  0,   the ISBN-13 check digit is correct. Use the following codes for testing:   978-1734314502       (good)   ...
#Rust
Rust
fn main() { let isbns = ["978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"]; isbns.iter().for_each(|isbn| println!("{}: {}", isbn, check_isbn(isbn))); }   fn check_isbn(isbn: &str) -> bool { if isbn.chars().filter(|c| c.is_digit(10)).count() != 13 { return false; } ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increment_a_numerical_string
Increment a numerical string
Task Increment a numerical string.
#APL
APL
⍕1+⍎'12345'
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increment_a_numerical_string
Increment a numerical string
Task Increment a numerical string.
#AppleScript
AppleScript
use AppleScript version "2.4" use framework "Foundation" use scripting additions   -- succString :: Bool -> String -> String on succString(blnPruned, s) script go on |λ|(w) try if w contains "." then set v to w as real else ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_comparison
Integer comparison
Basic Data Operation This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type. You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or: Integer Operations Arithmetic | Comparison Boolean Operations Bitwise | Logical String Operations Concatenation | Interpolation |...
#Avail
Avail
// This code doesn't try to protect against any malformed input. a ::= next line from standard input→integer; b ::= next line from standard input→integer; If a > b then [Print: "a > b";] else if a < b then [Print: "a < b";] else if a = b then [Print: "a = b";];
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_comparison
Integer comparison
Basic Data Operation This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type. You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or: Integer Operations Arithmetic | Comparison Boolean Operations Bitwise | Logical String Operations Concatenation | Interpolation |...
#AWK
AWK
/[0-9]* [0-9]*/{ if ($1 == $2) print $1, "is equal to", $2 if ($1 < $2) print $1, "is less than", $2 if ($1 > $2) print $1, "is greater than", $2 }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Include_a_file
Include a file
Task Demonstrate the language's ability to include source code from other files. See Also Compiler/Simple file inclusion pre processor
#Batch_File
Batch File
  call file2.bat  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Include_a_file
Include a file
Task Demonstrate the language's ability to include source code from other files. See Also Compiler/Simple file inclusion pre processor
#BBC_BASIC
BBC BASIC
CALL filepath$
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Include_a_file
Include a file
Task Demonstrate the language's ability to include source code from other files. See Also Compiler/Simple file inclusion pre processor
#Bracmat
Bracmat
get$"<i>module</i>"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Single
Inheritance/Single
This task is about derived types;   for implementation inheritance, see Polymorphism. Inheritance is an operation of type algebra that creates a new type from one or several parent types. The obtained type is called derived type. It inherits some of the properties of its parent types. Usually inherited properties...
#Java
Java
public class Animal{ //functions go here... }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Single
Inheritance/Single
This task is about derived types;   for implementation inheritance, see Polymorphism. Inheritance is an operation of type algebra that creates a new type from one or several parent types. The obtained type is called derived type. It inherits some of the properties of its parent types. Usually inherited properties...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
function Animal() { // ... }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Single
Inheritance/Single
This task is about derived types;   for implementation inheritance, see Polymorphism. Inheritance is an operation of type algebra that creates a new type from one or several parent types. The obtained type is called derived type. It inherits some of the properties of its parent types. Usually inherited properties...
#Julia
Julia
  abstract type Animal end abstract type Dog <: Animal end abstract type Cat <: Animal end   struct Lab <: Dog end struct Collie <: Dog end  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hunt_the_Wumpus
Hunt the Wumpus
This task has been flagged for clarification. Code on this page in its current state may be flagged incorrect once this task has been clarified. See this page's Talk page for discussion. Create a simple implementation of the classic textual game Hunt The Wumpus. The rules are: The game is set in a cave that consists ...
#Ada
Ada
package Wumpus is procedure Start_Game; end Wumpus;  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_lowercase_and_uppercase_letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters   (of the Latin [English] alphabet)   being used currently by a computer programming language. The method should find the letters regardless of the hardware architecture that is being used (ASCII, EBCDIC, or other). Task requirements Display the set of...
#F.23
F#
  seq{(char)0..(char)127} |> Seq.filter(System.Char.IsUpper) |> Seq.iter (string >> printf "%s"); printfn "" seq{(char)0..(char)127} |> Seq.filter(System.Char.IsLower) |> Seq.iter (string >> printf "%s"); printfn ""  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_lowercase_and_uppercase_letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters   (of the Latin [English] alphabet)   being used currently by a computer programming language. The method should find the letters regardless of the hardware architecture that is being used (ASCII, EBCDIC, or other). Task requirements Display the set of...
#Factor
Factor
  USE: math.ranges CHAR: A CHAR: Z [a,b] >string print CHAR: a CHAR: z [a,b] >string print  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_lowercase_and_uppercase_letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters   (of the Latin [English] alphabet)   being used currently by a computer programming language. The method should find the letters regardless of the hardware architecture that is being used (ASCII, EBCDIC, or other). Task requirements Display the set of...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
enum chartypes LOWER = -1, UPPER = 1, NOTLETTER = 0 end enum   function letter_case( ch as string ) as byte 'exploits the fact that ucase and lcase consider non-letters to be 'both upper and lower case if ucase(ch)=lcase(ch) then return NOTLETTER if ch = ucase(ch) then return UPPER return LOWER e...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Imaginary_base_numbers
Imaginary base numbers
Imaginary base numbers are a non-standard positional numeral system which uses an imaginary number as its radix. The most common is quater-imaginary with radix 2i. The quater-imaginary numeral system was first proposed by Donald Knuth in 1955 as a submission for a high school science talent search. [Ref.] Other imagi...
#D
D
import std.algorithm; import std.array; import std.complex; import std.conv; import std.format; import std.math; import std.stdio; import std.string;   Complex!double inv(Complex!double v) { auto denom = v.re*v.re + v.im*v.im; return v.conj / denom; }   QuaterImaginary toQuaterImaginary(Complex!double v) { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#Scala
Scala
object IdiomaticallyDetermineSymbols extends App {   private def print(msg: String, limit: Int, p: Int => Boolean, fmt: String) = println(msg + (0 to 0x10FFFF).filter(p).take(limit).map(fmt.format(_)).mkString + "...")   print("Java Identifier start: ", 72, cp => Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(cp), "%c") ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#Tcl
Tcl
for {set c 0;set printed 0;set special {}} {$c <= 0xffff} {incr c} { set ch [format "%c" $c] set v "_${ch}_" #puts "testing variable named $v" if {[catch {set $v $c; set $v} msg] || $msg ne $c} { puts [format "\\u%04x illegal in names" $c] incr printed } elseif {[catch {subst $$v} msg] == 0 && $ms...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_noise
Image noise
Generate a random black and white   320x240   image continuously, showing FPS (frames per second). A sample image
#C.23
C#
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.Linq; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Windows.Forms;   class Program { static Size size = new Size(320, 240); static Rectangle rectsize = new Rectangle...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_convolution
Image convolution
One class of image digital filters is described by a rectangular matrix of real coefficients called kernel convoluted in a sliding window of image pixels. Usually the kernel is square K k l {\displaystyle K_{kl}} , where k, l are in the range -R,-R+1,..,R-1,R. W=2R+1 is the kernel width. The filter determine...
#D
D
import std.string, std.math, std.algorithm, grayscale_image;   struct ConvolutionFilter { double[][] kernel; double divisor, offset_; string name; }     Image!Color convolve(Color)(in Image!Color im, in ConvolutionFilter filter) pure nothrow in { assert(im !is null); asse...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Iterated_digits_squaring
Iterated digits squaring
If you add the square of the digits of a Natural number (an integer bigger than zero), you always end with either 1 or 89: 15 -> 26 -> 40 -> 16 -> 37 -> 58 -> 89 7 -> 49 -> 97 -> 130 -> 10 -> 1 An example in Python: >>> step = lambda x: sum(int(d) ** 2 for d in str(x)) >>> iterate = lambda x: x if x in [1, 89] else i...
#zkl
zkl
fcn check(number){ // a list of digits: 13 is L(0,0,0,0,0,0,1,3) candidate:=number.reduce(fcn(sum,n){ sum*10 + n },0); // digits to int   while(candidate != 89 and candidate != 1) // repeatedly sum squares of digits { candidate = candidate.split().reduce(fcn(sum,c){ sum + c*c },0); }   if(candidate ==...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Iterated_digits_squaring
Iterated digits squaring
If you add the square of the digits of a Natural number (an integer bigger than zero), you always end with either 1 or 89: 15 -> 26 -> 40 -> 16 -> 37 -> 58 -> 89 7 -> 49 -> 97 -> 130 -> 10 -> 1 An example in Python: >>> step = lambda x: sum(int(d) ** 2 for d in str(x)) >>> iterate = lambda x: x if x in [1, 89] else i...
#ZX_Spectrum_Basic
ZX Spectrum Basic
10 LET n=0 20 FOR i=1 TO 1000 30 LET j=i 40 LET k=0 50 LET k=INT (k+FN m(j,10)^2) 60 LET j=INT (j/10) 70 IF j<>0 THEN GO TO 50 80 LET j=k 90 IF j=89 OR j=1 THEN GO TO 100 95 GO TO 40 100 IF j>1 THEN LET n=n+1 110 NEXT i 120 PRINT "Version 1: ";n 200 DEF FN m(a,b)=a-INT (a/b)*b: REM modulo
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#Python
Python
def rank(x): return int('a'.join(map(str, [1] + x)), 11)   def unrank(n): s = '' while n: s,n = "0123456789a"[n%11] + s, n//11 return map(int, s.split('a'))[1:]   l = [1, 2, 3, 10, 100, 987654321] print l n = rank(l) print n l = unrank(n) print l
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#Quackery
Quackery
[ $ "" swap witheach [ number$ char A join join ] 11 base put $->n drop base release ] is rank ( [ --> n )   [ 11 base put number$ base release [] $ "" rot witheach [ dup char A = iff [ drop $->n drop join $ "" ] ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket/base (require (only-in racket/string string-join string-split))   (define (integer->octal-string i) (number->string i 8))   (define (octal-string->integer s) (string->number s 8))   (define (rank is) (string->number (string-join (map integer->octal-string is) "8")))   (define (unrank ranking) (map ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#DWScript
DWScript
  var i: Integer;   for i:=1 to High(i) do PrintLn(i);  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#Dyalect
Dyalect
var n = 0 while true { n += 1 print(n) }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64   #Include "crt/math.bi" #Print Typeof(1.5) ' Prints DOUBLE at compile time   Dim d As Typeof(1.5) = INFINITY Print d; " (String representation of Positive Infinity)" Sleep  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#F.C5.8Drmul.C3.A6
Fōrmulæ
# Floating point infinity inf := FLOAT_INT(1) / FLOAT_INT(0);   IS_FLOAT(inf); #true;   # GAP has also a formal ''infinity'' value infinity in Cyclotomics; # true
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#GAP
GAP
# Floating point infinity inf := FLOAT_INT(1) / FLOAT_INT(0);   IS_FLOAT(inf); #true;   # GAP has also a formal ''infinity'' value infinity in Cyclotomics; # true
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Scala
Scala
trait Camera trait MobilePhone class CameraPhone extends Camera with MobilePhone
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Self
Self
camera = ()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Sidef
Sidef
class Camera {}; class MobilePhone {}; class CameraPhone << Camera, MobilePhone {};
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Slate
Slate
define: #Camera. define: #MobilePhone. define: #CameraPhone &parents: {Camera. MobilePhone}.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Swift
Swift
protocol Camera {   }   protocol Phone {   }   class CameraPhone: Camera, Phone {   }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increasing_gaps_between_consecutive_Niven_numbers
Increasing gaps between consecutive Niven numbers
Note:   Niven   numbers are also called   Harshad   numbers.   They are also called    multidigital   numbers. Niven numbers are positive integers which are evenly divisible by the sum of its digits   (expressed in base ten). Evenly divisible   means   divisible with no remainder. Task   find the gap (differen...
#Ruby
Ruby
nivens = Enumerator.new {|y| (1..).each {|n| y << n if n.remainder(n.digits.sum).zero?} }   cur_gap = 0 puts 'Gap Index of gap Starting Niven'   nivens.each_cons(2).with_index(1) do |(n1, n2), i| break if i > 10_000_000 if n2-n1 > cur_gap then printf "%3d %15s %15s\n", n2-n1, i, n1 cur_gap = n2-n1 end...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increasing_gaps_between_consecutive_Niven_numbers
Increasing gaps between consecutive Niven numbers
Note:   Niven   numbers are also called   Harshad   numbers.   They are also called    multidigital   numbers. Niven numbers are positive integers which are evenly divisible by the sum of its digits   (expressed in base ten). Evenly divisible   means   divisible with no remainder. Task   find the gap (differen...
#Rust
Rust
// [dependencies] // num-format = "0.4"   // Returns the sum of the digits of n given the // sum of the digits of n - 1 fn digit_sum(mut n: u64, mut sum: u64) -> u64 { sum += 1; while n > 0 && n % 10 == 0 { sum -= 9; n /= 10; } sum }   fn divisible(n: u64, d: u64) -> bool { if (d & 1...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increasing_gaps_between_consecutive_Niven_numbers
Increasing gaps between consecutive Niven numbers
Note:   Niven   numbers are also called   Harshad   numbers.   They are also called    multidigital   numbers. Niven numbers are positive integers which are evenly divisible by the sum of its digits   (expressed in base ten). Evenly divisible   means   divisible with no remainder. Task   find the gap (differen...
#Wren
Wren
import "/fmt" for Fmt   var newSum // recursive newSum = Fn.new { var ms // also recursive ms = Fn.new { ms = newSum.call() return ms.call() } var msd = 0 var d = 0 return Fn.new { if (d < 9) { d = d + 1 } else { d = 0 msd = ms....
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_overflow
Integer overflow
Some languages support one or more integer types of the underlying processor. This integer types have fixed size;   usually   8-bit,   16-bit,   32-bit,   or   64-bit. The integers supported by such a type can be   signed   or   unsigned. Arithmetic for machine level integers can often be done by single CPU instruct...
#Pike
Pike
100H: /* SHOW INTEGER OVERFLOW */   /* CP/M SYSTEM CALL */ BDOS: PROCEDURE( FN, ARG ); DECLARE FN BYTE, ARG ADDRESS; GOTO 5; END; /* CONSOLE I/O ROUTINES */ PRCHAR: PROCEDURE( C ); DECLARE C BYTE; CALL BDOS( 2, C ); END; PRSTRING: PROCEDURE( S ); DECLARE S ADDRESS; CALL BDOS( 9, S ); END; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Input_loop
Input loop
Input loop is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Read from a text stream either word-by-word or line-by-line until the stream runs out of data. The stream will have an unknown amount of data on it.
#FutureBasic
FutureBasic
include "NSLog.incl"   local fn ReadTextFile CFURLRef url CFStringRef string   url = openpanel 1, @"Select text file..." if ( url ) string = fn StringWithContentsOfURL( url, NSUTF8StringEncoding, NULL ) if ( string ) NSLog(@"%@",string) end if else // user cancelled end if end fn   ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Input_loop
Input loop
Input loop is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Read from a text stream either word-by-word or line-by-line until the stream runs out of data. The stream will have an unknown amount of data on it.
#gnuplot
gnuplot
!cat
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Isqrt_(integer_square_root)_of_X
Isqrt (integer square root) of X
Sometimes a function is needed to find the integer square root of   X,   where   X   can be a real non─negative number. Often   X   is actually a non─negative integer. For the purposes of this task,   X   can be an integer or a real number,   but if it simplifies things in your computer programming language,   assume...
#Scheme
Scheme
(import (scheme base)) (import (scheme write)) (import (format)) ;; Common Lisp formatting for CHICKEN Scheme.   (define (find-a-power-of-4-greater-than-x x) (let loop ((q 1)) (if (< x q) q (loop (* 4 q)))))   (define (isqrt+remainder x) (let loop ((q (find-a-power-of-4-greater-than-x x)) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inverted_index
Inverted index
An Inverted Index is a data structure used to create full text search. Task Given a set of text files, implement a program to create an inverted index. Also create a user interface to do a search using that inverted index which returns a list of files that contain the query term / terms. The search index can be i...
#Phix
Phix
-- demo\rosetta\Inverted_index.exw without js -- (file i/o) integer word_count = 0 sequence filenames = {} function is_ascii(string txt) for i=1 to length(txt) do integer ch = txt[i] if ch='\0' or ch>=#7F then return 0 end if end for return 1 end function procedure add_words(string name, s...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Introspection
Introspection
Task verify the version/revision of your currently running (compiler/interpreter/byte-compiler/runtime environment/whatever your language uses) and exit if it is too old. check whether the variable "bloop" exists and whether the math-function "abs()" is available and if yes compute abs(bloop). Extra credit Repor...
#OxygenBasic
OxygenBasic
    $ rtlversion "0.4.0" ' #if not match(rtlversion,o2version) #error "This RTL version mismatches o2 version "+o2version #else print o2version #endif   float bloop=-1618   #ifdef bloop #ifdef abs print abs(bloop) #endif #endif  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Introspection
Introspection
Task verify the version/revision of your currently running (compiler/interpreter/byte-compiler/runtime environment/whatever your language uses) and exit if it is too old. check whether the variable "bloop" exists and whether the math-function "abs()" is available and if yes compute abs(bloop). Extra credit Repor...
#Oz
Oz
declare Version = {Property.get 'oz.version'} %% Version is an atom like '1.4.0'. So we can not compare it directly. %% Extract the version components: [Major Minor Release] = {Map {String.tokens {Atom.toString Version} &.} String.toInt} in if Major >= 1 andthen Minor >= 4 then %% check whether module N...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Josephus_problem
Josephus problem
Josephus problem is a math puzzle with a grim description: n {\displaystyle n} prisoners are standing on a circle, sequentially numbered from 0 {\displaystyle 0} to n − 1 {\displaystyle n-1} . An executioner walks along the circle, starting from prisoner 0 {\displaystyle 0} , removing eve...
#Oforth
Oforth
: josephus(n, k) | prisoners killed i | n seq asListBuffer ->prisoners ListBuffer newSize(n) ->killed   0 n 1- loop: i [ k 1- + prisoners size mod dup 1+ prisoners removeAt killed add ] drop   System.Out "Killed : " << killed << "\nSurvivor : " << prisoners << cr ;  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Interactive_programming_(repl)
Interactive programming (repl)
Many language implementations come with an interactive mode. This is a command-line interpreter that reads lines from the user and evaluates these lines as statements or expressions. An interactive mode may also be known as a command mode,   a read-eval-print loop (REPL),   or a shell. Task Show how to start this...
#Raku
Raku
$ rakudo/perl6 > sub f($str1,$str2,$sep) { $str1~$sep x 2~$str2 }; f > f("Rosetta","Code",":"); Rosetta::Code >  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Interactive_programming_(repl)
Interactive programming (repl)
Many language implementations come with an interactive mode. This is a command-line interpreter that reads lines from the user and evaluates these lines as statements or expressions. An interactive mode may also be known as a command mode,   a read-eval-print loop (REPL),   or a shell. Task Show how to start this...
#REBOL
REBOL
$ rebol -q >> f: func [a b s] [print rejoin [a s s b]] >> f "Rosetta" "Code" ":" Rosetta::Code >> q
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/ISBN13_check_digit
ISBN13 check digit
Task Validate the check digit of an ISBN-13 code:   Multiply every other digit by  3.   Add these numbers and the other digits.   Take the remainder of this number after division by  10.   If it is  0,   the ISBN-13 check digit is correct. Use the following codes for testing:   978-1734314502       (good)   ...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";   const func boolean: isISBN13 (in var string: input) is func result var boolean: isbn is FALSE; local var char: c is ' '; var integer: digit is 0; var integer: i is 1; var integer: sum is 0; begin input := replace(input, " ", ""); input := replace(input, "-",...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/ISBN13_check_digit
ISBN13 check digit
Task Validate the check digit of an ISBN-13 code:   Multiply every other digit by  3.   Add these numbers and the other digits.   Take the remainder of this number after division by  10.   If it is  0,   the ISBN-13 check digit is correct. Use the following codes for testing:   978-1734314502       (good)   ...
#Standard_ML
Standard ML
local fun check (c, p as (m, n)) = if Char.isDigit c then (not m, (if m then 3 * (ord c - 48) else ord c - 48) + n) else p in fun checkISBN s = Int.rem (#2 (CharVector.foldl check (false, 0) s), 10) = 0 end   val test = ["978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"]...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Increment_a_numerical_string
Increment a numerical string
Task Increment a numerical string.
#ARM_Assembly
ARM Assembly
    /* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */ /* program incstring.s */   /* Constantes */ .equ BUFFERSIZE, 100 .equ STDIN, 0 @ Linux input console .equ STDOUT, 1 @ Linux output console .equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall .equ READ, 3 @ Linux syscall .equ WRITE, 4 @ Linux syscall /* Initialized data *...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_comparison
Integer comparison
Basic Data Operation This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type. You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or: Integer Operations Arithmetic | Comparison Boolean Operations Bitwise | Logical String Operations Concatenation | Interpolation |...
#Axe
Axe
Lbl FUNC If r₁<r₂ Disp "LESS THAN",i End If r₁=r₂ Disp "EQUAL TO",i End If r₁>r₂ Disp "GREATER THAN",i End Return
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Include_a_file
Include a file
Task Demonstrate the language's ability to include source code from other files. See Also Compiler/Simple file inclusion pre processor
#C_.2F_C.2B.2B
C / C++
/* Standard and other library header names are enclosed between chevrons */ #include <stdlib.h>   /* User/in-project header names are usually enclosed between double-quotes */ #include "myutil.h"  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Include_a_file
Include a file
Task Demonstrate the language's ability to include source code from other files. See Also Compiler/Simple file inclusion pre processor
#C.23
C#
/* The C# language specification does not give a mechanism for 'including' one source file within another, * likely because there is no need - all code compiled within one 'assembly' (individual IDE projects * are usually compiled to separate assemblies) can 'see' all other code within that assembly. */
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Single
Inheritance/Single
This task is about derived types;   for implementation inheritance, see Polymorphism. Inheritance is an operation of type algebra that creates a new type from one or several parent types. The obtained type is called derived type. It inherits some of the properties of its parent types. Usually inherited properties...
#Kite
Kite
class Animal [ #Method goes here ];   class Dog from Animal [ #Method goes here ];   class Lab from Dog [ #Method goes here ];   class collie from Dog [ #Method goes here ];  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Single
Inheritance/Single
This task is about derived types;   for implementation inheritance, see Polymorphism. Inheritance is an operation of type algebra that creates a new type from one or several parent types. The obtained type is called derived type. It inherits some of the properties of its parent types. Usually inherited properties...
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// version 1.0.6   open class Animal { override fun toString() = "animal" }   open class Dog : Animal() { override fun toString() = "dog" }   class Cat : Animal() { override fun toString() = "cat" }   class Labrador : Dog() { override fun toString() = "labrador" }   class Collie : Dog() { override f...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hunt_the_Wumpus
Hunt the Wumpus
This task has been flagged for clarification. Code on this page in its current state may be flagged incorrect once this task has been clarified. See this page's Talk page for discussion. Create a simple implementation of the classic textual game Hunt The Wumpus. The rules are: The game is set in a cave that consists ...
#BASIC
BASIC
10 DEFINT A-Z: DIM R(19,3),P(1),B(1) 20 FOR I=0 TO 19: READ R(I,0),R(I,1),R(I,2): NEXT 30 INPUT "Enter a number";X: X=RND(-ABS(X)) 40 PRINT: PRINT "*** HUNT THE WUMPUS ***" 50 PRINT "-----------------------": PRINT 60 FOR I=0 TO 1: GOSUB 500: P(I)=X: GOSUB 500: B(I)=X: NEXT 70 GOSUB 500: W=X: GOSUB 500: P=X 80 A=5 90 I...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hunt_the_Wumpus
Hunt the Wumpus
This task has been flagged for clarification. Code on this page in its current state may be flagged incorrect once this task has been clarified. See this page's Talk page for discussion. Create a simple implementation of the classic textual game Hunt The Wumpus. The rules are: The game is set in a cave that consists ...
#APL
APL
  // constant value 2d array to represent the dodecahedron // room structure const static int adjacentRooms[20][3] = { {1, 4, 7}, {0, 2, 9}, {1, 3, 11}, {2, 4, 13}, {0, 3, 5}, {4, 6, 14}, {5, 7, 16}, {0, 6, 8}, {7, 9, 17}, {1, 8, 10}, {9, 11, 18}, {2, 10, 12}, {11, 13, 19}, {3, 12, 14}, {5, 13,...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_lowercase_and_uppercase_letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters
Idiomatically determine all the lowercase and uppercase letters   (of the Latin [English] alphabet)   being used currently by a computer programming language. The method should find the letters regardless of the hardware architecture that is being used (ASCII, EBCDIC, or other). Task requirements Display the set of...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "unicode" )   const ( lcASCII = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" ucASCII = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" )   func main() { fmt.Println("ASCII lower case:") fmt.Println(lcASCII) for l := 'a'; l <= 'z'; l++ { fmt.Print(string(l)) } fmt.Println()   fmt.Println("\nASCII upper case:") f...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Imaginary_base_numbers
Imaginary base numbers
Imaginary base numbers are a non-standard positional numeral system which uses an imaginary number as its radix. The most common is quater-imaginary with radix 2i. The quater-imaginary numeral system was first proposed by Donald Knuth in 1955 as a submission for a high school science talent search. [Ref.] Other imagi...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "math" "strconv" "strings" )   const ( twoI = 2.0i invTwoI = 1.0 / twoI )   type quaterImaginary struct { b2i string }   func reverse(s string) string { r := []rune(s) for i, j := 0, len(r)-1; i < len(r)/2; i, j = i+1, j-1 { r[i], r[j] = r[j],...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#Wren
Wren
for (i in 97..122) System.write(String.fromByte(i)) for (i in 65..90) System.write(String.fromByte(i)) System.print("_")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#XPL0
XPL0
char C, C1; [Text(0, "First character set: "); for C:= 0 to 255 do if C>=^A then if C<=^Z ! C=^_ then ChOut(0, C); CrLf(0); Text(0, "Next characters set: "); for C:= 0 to 255 do [if C>=^a & C<=^z then C1:= C & $DF \to uppercase else C1:= C; case of ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Idiomatically_determine_all_the_characters_that_can_be_used_for_symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols
Idiomatically determine all the characters that can be used for symbols. The word symbols is meant things like names of variables, procedures (i.e., named fragments of programs, functions, subroutines, routines), statement labels, events or conditions, and in general, anything a computer programmer can choose to name, ...
#zkl
zkl
[0..255].filter(fcn(n){ try{ Compiler.Compiler.compileText("var "+n.text) } catch{ False } }).apply("text").concat()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_noise
Image noise
Generate a random black and white   320x240   image continuously, showing FPS (frames per second). A sample image
#C.2B.2B
C++
  #include <windows.h> #include <sstream> #include <tchar.h> //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- using namespace std;   //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- const unsigned int BMP_WID = 320, ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Image_convolution
Image convolution
One class of image digital filters is described by a rectangular matrix of real coefficients called kernel convoluted in a sliding window of image pixels. Usually the kernel is square K k l {\displaystyle K_{kl}} , where k, l are in the range -R,-R+1,..,R-1,R. W=2R+1 is the kernel width. The filter determine...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "image" "image/color" "image/jpeg" "math" "os" )   // kf3 is a generic convolution 3x3 kernel filter that operatates on // images of type image.Gray from the Go standard image library. func kf3(k *[9]float64, src, dst *image.Gray) { for y := src.Rect.Min.Y; y < ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#Raku
Raku
sub rank(*@n) { :11(@n.join('A')) } sub unrank(Int $n) { $n.base(11).split('A') }   say my @n = (1..20).roll(12); say my $n = rank(@n); say unrank $n;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Index_finite_lists_of_positive_integers
Index finite lists of positive integers
It is known that the set of finite lists of positive integers is   countable. This means that there exists a subset of natural integers which can be mapped to the set of finite lists of positive integers. Task Implement such a mapping:   write a function     rank     which assigns an integer to any finite, arbi...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program assigns an integer for a finite list of arbitrary non-negative integers. */ parse arg $ /*obtain optional argument (int list).*/ if $='' | $="," then $=3 14 159 265358979323846 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#D.C3.A9j.C3.A0_Vu
Déjà Vu
1   while /= -- dup dup: !. dup ++   drop
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Integer_sequence
Integer sequence
Task Create a program that, when run, would display all integers from   1   to   ∞   (or any relevant implementation limit),   in sequence   (i.e.   1, 2, 3, 4, etc)   if given enough time. An example may not be able to reach arbitrarily-large numbers based on implementations limits.   For example, if integer...
#E
E
for i in int > 0 { println(i) }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Infinity
Infinity
Task Write a function which tests if infinity is supported for floating point numbers (this step should be omitted for languages where the language specification already demands the existence of infinity, e.g. by demanding IEEE numbers), and if so, returns positive infinity.   Otherwise, return the largest possible po...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "math" )   // function called for by task func posInf() float64 { return math.Inf(1) // argument specifies positive infinity }   func main() { x := 1.5 // type of x determined by literal // that this compiles demonstrates that PosInf returns same type as x, // the t...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Tcl
Tcl
package require TclOO   oo::class create Camera oo::class create MobilePhone oo::class create CameraPhone { superclass Camera MobilePhone }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Inheritance/Multiple
Inheritance/Multiple
Multiple inheritance allows to specify that one class is a subclass of several other classes. Some languages allow multiple inheritance for arbitrary classes,   others restrict it to interfaces,   some don't allow it at all. Task Write two classes (or interfaces) Camera and MobilePhone,   then write a class Camer...
#Wren
Wren
class Camera { construct new() {} snap() { System.print("taking a photo") } }   class Phone { construct new() {} call() { System.print("calling home") } }   class CameraPhone is Camera { construct new(phone) { _phone = phone } // uses composition for the Phone part // inherits Camera's snap() me...