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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hailstone_sequence
Hailstone sequence
The Hailstone sequence of numbers can be generated from a starting positive integer,   n   by:   If   n   is     1     then the sequence ends.   If   n   is   even then the next   n   of the sequence   = n/2   If   n   is   odd   then the next   n   of the sequence   = (3 * n) + 1 The (unproven) Collatz conje...
#Visual_Basic_.NET
Visual Basic .NET
Module HailstoneSequence Sub Main() ' Checking sequence of 27.   Dim l As List(Of Long) = HailstoneSequence(27) Console.WriteLine("27 has {0} elements in sequence:", l.Count())   For i As Integer = 0 To 3 : Console.Write("{0}, ", l(i)) : Next Console.Write("... ") For...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#CLU
CLU
alph = proc () returns (string) a: int := char$c2i('a') letters: array[char] := array[char]$predict(1,26) for i: int in int$from_to(0, 25) do array[char]$addh(letters, char$i2c(a + i)) end return(string$ac2s(letters)) end alph   % test start_up = proc () stream$putl(stream$primary_output...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#COBOL
COBOL
identification division. program-id. lower-case-alphabet-program. data division. working-storage section. 01 ascii-lower-case. 05 lower-case-alphabet pic a(26). 05 character-code pic 999. 05 loop-counter pic 99. procedure division. control-paragraph. perform add-next-letter-paragraph varyin...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Text
Hello world/Text
Hello world/Text is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Display the string Hello world! on a text console. Related tasks   Hello world/Graphical   Hello world/Line Printer   Hello world/Newbie   Hello world/Newline omission   Hello world/Standard error   Hello world/Web server
#Occam
Occam
#USE "course.lib" PROC main (CHAN BYTE screen!) out.string("Hello world!*c*n", 0, screen) :
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#XBS
XBS
set x=1; set y=2; log("Before Swap"); log(x); log(y); swap x y; log("After Swap"); log(x); log(y);
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#XPL0
XPL0
include c:\cxpl\codes;   proc Exch(A, B, S); char A, B, S; int I, T; for I:= 0 to S-1 do [T:= A(I); A(I):= B(I); B(I):= T];     real X, Y; [X:= 3.0; Y:= 4.0; Exch(addr X, addr Y, 8); RlOut(0, X); RlOut(0, Y); CrLf(0); ]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generator/Exponential
Generator/Exponential
A generator is an executable entity (like a function or procedure) that contains code that yields a sequence of values, one at a time, so that each time you call the generator, the next value in the sequence is provided. Generators are often built on top of coroutines or objects so that the internal state of the objec...
#Java
Java
import java.util.function.LongSupplier; import static java.util.stream.LongStream.generate;   public class GeneratorExponential implements LongSupplier { private LongSupplier source, filter; private long s, f;   public GeneratorExponential(LongSupplier source, LongSupplier filter) { this.source = so...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#VBScript
VBScript
Function GCD(a,b) Do If a Mod b > 0 Then c = a Mod b a = b b = c Else GCD = b Exit Do End If Loop End Function   WScript.Echo "The GCD of 48 and 18 is " & GCD(48,18) & "." WScript.Echo "The GCD of 1280 and 240 is " & GCD(1280,240) & "." WScript.Echo "The GCD of 1280 and 240 is " & GCD(3475689,235...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#Verilog
Verilog
module gcd ( input reset_l, input clk,   input [31:0] initial_u, input [31:0] initial_v, input load,   output reg [31:0] result, output reg busy );   reg [31:0] u, v;   always @(posedge clk or negedge reset_l) if (!reset_l) begin busy <= 0; u <= 0; v <= 0; end else be...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_Chess960_starting_position
Generate Chess960 starting position
Chess960 is a variant of chess created by world champion Bobby Fischer. Unlike other variants of the game, Chess960 does not require a different material, but instead relies on a random initial position, with a few constraints: as in the standard chess game, all eight white pawns must be placed on the second rank. W...
#Nim
Nim
import random, strutils   type   # Chess pieces on first row. Pieces {.pure.} = enum King = "♔", Queen = "♕", Rook1 = "♖", Rook2 = "♖", Bishop1 = "♗", Bishop2 = "♗", Knight1 = "♘", Knight2 = "♘"   # Position counted from 0. Position = range[0..7]   # Position of pieces. Posit...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_Chess960_starting_position
Generate Chess960 starting position
Chess960 is a variant of chess created by world champion Bobby Fischer. Unlike other variants of the game, Chess960 does not require a different material, but instead relies on a random initial position, with a few constraints: as in the standard chess game, all eight white pawns must be placed on the second rank. W...
#Objeck
Objeck
class Chess960 { function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil { Generate(10); }   function : Generate(c : Int) ~ Nil { for(x := 0; x < c; x += 1;) { StartPos()->PrintLine(); }; }   function : StartPos() ~ String { p := Char->New[8];   # bishops b1 : Int; b2 : Int; while(true) { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#Delphi
Delphi
  program Function_prototype;   {$APPTYPE CONSOLE}   uses System.SysUtils;   type TIntArray = TArray<Integer>;   TIntArrayHelper = record helper for TIntArray const DEFAULT_VALUE = -1; // A prototype declaration for a function that does not require arguments function ToString(): string;   //...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Fusc_sequence
Fusc sequence
Definitions The   fusc   integer sequence is defined as:   fusc(0) = 0   fusc(1) = 1   for n>1,   the   nth   term is defined as:   if   n   is even;     fusc(n) = fusc(n/2)   if   n   is   odd;     fusc(n) = fusc((n-1)/2)   +   fusc((n+1)/2) Note that MathWorld's definition starts with unity, not zero.   Th...
#11l
11l
F fusc(n) V res = [0] * n res[1] = 1 L(i) 2 .< n res[i] = I i % 2 == 0 {res[i I/ 2]} E res[(i-1) I/ 2] + res[(i+1) I/ 2] R res   print(‘First 61 terms:’) print(fusc(61))   print() print(‘Points in the sequence where an item has more digits than any previous items:’) V f = fusc(20'000'000) V max_len = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#J
J
raw=: 0 :0 NAME_HIERARCHY |WEIGHT |COVERAGE | cleaning | | | house1 |40 | | bedrooms | |0.25 | bathrooms | | | bathroom1 | ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
(() => { 'use strict';   // updatedCoverageOutline :: String -> String const updatedCoverageOutline = outlineText => { const delimiter = '|', indentedLines = indentLevelsFromLines(lines(outlineText)), columns = init(tokenizeWith(delimiter)(snd(indentedLines[0])));...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#Arturo
Arturo
source: to :block read arg\0 frequencies: #[]   inspectBlock: function [blk][ loop blk 'item [ case [] when? [word? item][ sItem: to :string item if set? sItem -> if function? var sItem [ if? key? frequencies sItem -> ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#AWK
AWK
  # syntax: GAWK -f FUNCTION_FREQUENCY.AWK filename(s).AWK # # sorting: # PROCINFO["sorted_in"] is used by GAWK # SORTTYPE is used by Thompson Automation's TAWK # BEGIN { # create array of keywords to be ignored by lexer asplit("BEGIN:END:atan2:break:close:continue:cos:delete:" \ "do:else:exit:exp:fo...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gamma_function
Gamma function
Task Implement one algorithm (or more) to compute the Gamma ( Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } ) function (in the real field only). If your language has the function as built-in or you know a library which has it, compare your implementation's results with the results of the built-in/library function. The Gamma funct...
#ANSI_Standard_BASIC
ANSI Standard BASIC
100 DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION FNlngamma 110 120 DEF FNgamma(z) = EXP(FNlngamma(z)) 130 140 FOR x = 0.1 TO 2.05 STEP 0.1 150 PRINT USING$("#.#",x), USING$("##.############", FNgamma(x)) 160 NEXT x 170 END 180 190 EXTERNAL FUNCTION FNlngamma(z) 200 DIM lz(0 TO 6) 210 RESTORE 220 MAT READ lz 230 DATA 1.0000000001900...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Galton_box_animation
Galton box animation
Example of a Galton Box at the end of animation. A   Galton device   Sir Francis Galton's device   is also known as a   bean machine,   a   Galton Board,   or a   quincunx. Description of operation In a Galton box, there are a set of pins arranged in a triangular pattern.   A number of balls are dropped so that ...
#C.2B.2B
C++
  #include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <stdlib.h>   const int BMP_WID = 410, BMP_HEI = 230, MAX_BALLS = 120;   class myBitmap { public: myBitmap() : pen( NULL ), brush( NULL ), clr( 0 ), wid( 1 ) {} ~myBitmap() { DeleteObject( pen ); DeleteObject( brush ); DeleteDC( hdc ); DeleteObj...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gapful_numbers
Gapful numbers
Numbers   (positive integers expressed in base ten)   that are (evenly) divisible by the number formed by the first and last digit are known as   gapful numbers. Evenly divisible   means divisible with   no   remainder. All   one─   and two─digit   numbers have this property and are trivially excluded.   Only numb...
#D
D
import std.conv; import std.stdio;   string commatize(ulong n) { auto s = n.to!string; auto le = s.length; for (int i = le - 3; i >= 1; i -= 3) { s = s[0..i] ~ "," ~ s[i..$]; } return s; }   void main() { ulong[] starts = [cast(ulong)1e2, cast(ulong)1e6, cast(ulong)1e...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gaussian_elimination
Gaussian elimination
Task Solve   Ax=b   using Gaussian elimination then backwards substitution. A   being an   n by n   matrix. Also,   x and b   are   n by 1   vectors. To improve accuracy, please use partial pivoting and scaling. See also   the Wikipedia entry:   Gaussian elimination
#Delphi
Delphi
program GuassianElimination;   // Modified from: // R. Sureshkumar (10 January 1997) // Gregory J. McRae (22 October 1997) // http://web.mit.edu/10.001/Web/Course_Notes/Gauss_Pivoting.c   {$APPTYPE CONSOLE}   {$R *.res}   uses System.SysUtils;   type TMatrix = class private _r, _c : integer; data ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_random_chess_position
Generate random chess position
Task Generate a random chess position in FEN format. The position does not have to be realistic or even balanced,  but it must comply to the following rules: there is one and only one king of each color  (one black king and one white king); the kings must not be placed on adjacent squares; there can not be any p...
#Typescript
Typescript
  class Fen {   public createFen() { let grid: string[][];   grid = [];   for (let r = 0; r < 8; r++) { grid[r] = []; for (let c = 0; c < 8; c++) { grid[r][c] = "0"; } }   this.placeKings(grid); this.placePieces(grid...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_random_chess_position
Generate random chess position
Task Generate a random chess position in FEN format. The position does not have to be realistic or even balanced,  but it must comply to the following rules: there is one and only one king of each color  (one black king and one white king); the kings must not be placed on adjacent squares; there can not be any p...
#Wren
Wren
import "random" for Random import "/fmt" for Fmt   var rand = Random.new()   var grid = List.filled(8, null) for (i in 0..7) grid[i] = List.filled(9, ".")   var placeKings = Fn.new { while (true) { var r1 = rand.int(8) var c1 = rand.int(8) var r2 = rand.int(8) var c2 = rand.int(8) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gauss-Jordan_matrix_inversion
Gauss-Jordan matrix inversion
Task Invert matrix   A   using Gauss-Jordan method. A   being an   n × n   matrix.
#Java
Java
// GaussJordan.java   import java.util.Random;   public class GaussJordan { public static void main(String[] args) { int rows = 5; Matrix m = new Matrix(rows, rows); Random r = new Random(); for (int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) { for (int column = 0; column < rows; ++colu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/General_FizzBuzz
General FizzBuzz
Task Write a generalized version of FizzBuzz that works for any list of factors, along with their words. This is basically a "fizzbuzz" implementation where the user supplies the parameters. The user will enter the max number, then they will enter the factors to be calculated along with the corresponding word to be ...
#Go
Go
  package main   import ( "fmt" )   const numbers = 3   func main() {   //using the provided data max := 20 words := map[int]string{ 3: "Fizz", 5: "Buzz", 7: "Baxx", } keys := []int{3, 5, 7} divisible := false for i := 1; i <= max; i++ { for _, n := range keys { if i % n == 0 { fmt.Print(words[n]...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hailstone_sequence
Hailstone sequence
The Hailstone sequence of numbers can be generated from a starting positive integer,   n   by:   If   n   is     1     then the sequence ends.   If   n   is   even then the next   n   of the sequence   = n/2   If   n   is   odd   then the next   n   of the sequence   = (3 * n) + 1 The (unproven) Collatz conje...
#Vlang
Vlang
// 1st arg is the number to generate the sequence for. // 2nd arg is a slice to recycle, to reduce garbage. fn hs(nn int, recycle []int) []int { mut n := nn mut s := recycle[..0] s << n for n > 1 { if n&1 == 0 { n /= 2 } else { n = 3*n + 1 } s << n...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#CoffeeScript
CoffeeScript
  (String.fromCharCode(x) for x in [97..122])  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#Comal
Comal
dim alphabet$ of 26 for i := 1 to 26 alphabet$(i) := chr$(ord("a") - 1 + i) endfor i print alphabet$
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Text
Hello world/Text
Hello world/Text is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Display the string Hello world! on a text console. Related tasks   Hello world/Graphical   Hello world/Line Printer   Hello world/Newbie   Hello world/Newline omission   Hello world/Standard error   Hello world/Web server
#Octave
Octave
disp("Hello world!");
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#Yabasic
Yabasic
a = 1 b = 2   print a, b //----- swap ---- temp = a : a = b : b = temp print a, b
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#Yorick
Yorick
> a = 1 > b = "foo" > swap, a, b > a "foo" > b 1
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generator/Exponential
Generator/Exponential
A generator is an executable entity (like a function or procedure) that contains code that yields a sequence of values, one at a time, so that each time you call the generator, the next value in the sequence is provided. Generators are often built on top of coroutines or objects so that the internal state of the objec...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
  function PowersGenerator(m) { var n=0; while(1) { yield Math.pow(n, m); n += 1; } }   function FilteredGenerator(g, f){ var value = g.next(); var filter = f.next();   while(1) { if( value < filter ) { yield value; value = g.next(); } else if ( value > filter ) { filter = f.next(); } else { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#Visual_Basic
Visual Basic
Function GCD(ByVal a As Long, ByVal b As Long) As Long Dim h As Long   If a Then If b Then Do h = a Mod b a = b b = h Loop While b End If GCD = Abs(a) Else GCD = Abs(b) End If   End Function   Sub Main() ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#Vlang
Vlang
fn gcd(xx int, yy int) int { mut x, mut y := xx, yy for y != 0 { x, y = y, x%y } return x }   fn main() { println(gcd(33, 77)) println(gcd(49865, 69811)) }  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_Chess960_starting_position
Generate Chess960 starting position
Chess960 is a variant of chess created by world champion Bobby Fischer. Unlike other variants of the game, Chess960 does not require a different material, but instead relies on a random initial position, with a few constraints: as in the standard chess game, all eight white pawns must be placed on the second rank. W...
#PARI.2FGP
PARI/GP
chess960() = { my (C = vector(8), i, j, r);   C[random(4) * 2 + 1] = C[random(4) * 2 + 2] = "B"; for (i = 1, 3, while (C[r = random(8) + 1],); C[r] = Vec("NNQ")[i]); for (i = 1, 8, if (!C[i], C[i] = Vec("RKR")[j++])); C }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#Diego
Diego
// A prototype declaration for a function that does not require arguments   begin_funct(foo); // function as a 'method' with no arguments, no return type end_funct(foo);   // or   with_funct(foo); // function as a 'method' with no arguments, no return type   // A pro...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#F.23
F#
// A function taking and returning nothing (unit). val noArgs : unit -> unit // A function taking two integers, and returning an integer. val twoArgs : int -> int -> int // A function taking a ParamPack array of ints, and returning an int. The ParamPack // attribute is not included in the signature. val varArgs : int [...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Fusc_sequence
Fusc sequence
Definitions The   fusc   integer sequence is defined as:   fusc(0) = 0   fusc(1) = 1   for n>1,   the   nth   term is defined as:   if   n   is even;     fusc(n) = fusc(n/2)   if   n   is   odd;     fusc(n) = fusc((n-1)/2)   +   fusc((n+1)/2) Note that MathWorld's definition starts with unity, not zero.   Th...
#Ada
Ada
with Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Integer_Text_IO;   procedure Show_Fusc is   generic Precalculate : Natural; package Fusc_Sequences is function Fusc (N : in Natural) return Natural; end Fusc_Sequences;   package body Fusc_Sequences is   Precalculated_Fusc : array (0 .. Precalculate) of Natural; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#Julia
Julia
using CSV, DataFrames, Formatting   function updatecoverage(dfname, outputname) df = CSV.read(dfname) dchild = Dict{Int, Vector{Int}}([i => Int[] for i in 0:maximum(df[!, 1])])   for row in eachrow(df) push!(dchild[row[3]], row[1]) end   function coverage(t) return dchild[t] == [] ? ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// version 1.2.10   class FCNode(val name: String, val weight: Int = 1, coverage: Double = 0.0) {   var coverage = coverage set(value) { if (field != value) { field = value // update any parent's coverage if (parent != null) parent!!.updateCoverage() ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#BBC_BASIC
BBC BASIC
INSTALL @lib$+"SORTLIB" Sort% = FN_sortinit(1,0) : REM Descending   Valid$ = "0123456789@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" DIM func$(1000), cnt%(1000) nFunc% = 0   file% = OPENIN("*.bbc") WHILE NOT EOF#file% ll% = BGET#file% no% = BGET#file...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#C
C
  #define _POSIX_SOURCE #include <ctype.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> struct functionInfo { char* name; int timesCalled; char marked; }; void addToLis...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gamma_function
Gamma function
Task Implement one algorithm (or more) to compute the Gamma ( Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } ) function (in the real field only). If your language has the function as built-in or you know a library which has it, compare your implementation's results with the results of the built-in/library function. The Gamma funct...
#Arturo
Arturo
A: @[ 1.00000000000000000000 0.57721566490153286061 neg 0.65587807152025388108 neg 0.04200263503409523553 0.16653861138229148950 neg 0.04219773455554433675 neg 0.00962197152787697356 0.00721894324666309954 neg 0.00116516759185906511 neg 0.00021524167411495097 0.00012805028238811619 neg 0.00002013485...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Galton_box_animation
Galton box animation
Example of a Galton Box at the end of animation. A   Galton device   Sir Francis Galton's device   is also known as a   bean machine,   a   Galton Board,   or a   quincunx. Description of operation In a Galton box, there are a set of pins arranged in a triangular pattern.   A number of balls are dropped so that ...
#D
D
import std.stdio, std.algorithm, std.random, std.array;   enum int boxW = 41, boxH = 37; // Galton box width and height. enum int pinsBaseW = 19; // Pins triangle base size. enum int nMaxBalls = 55; // Number of balls.   static assert(boxW >= 2 && boxH >= 2); static assert((boxW - 4) >= (pinsBaseW * 2 - 1))...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gapful_numbers
Gapful numbers
Numbers   (positive integers expressed in base ten)   that are (evenly) divisible by the number formed by the first and last digit are known as   gapful numbers. Evenly divisible   means divisible with   no   remainder. All   one─   and two─digit   numbers have this property and are trivially excluded.   Only numb...
#Delphi
Delphi
-module(gapful). -export([first_digit/1, last_digit/1, bookend_number/1, is_gapful/1]).   first_digit(N) -> list_to_integer(string:slice(integer_to_list(N),0,1)).   last_digit(N) -> N rem 10.   bookend_number(N) -> 10 * first_digit(N) + last_digit(N).   is_gapful(N) -> (N >= 100) and (0 == N rem bookend_number(N)).
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gaussian_elimination
Gaussian elimination
Task Solve   Ax=b   using Gaussian elimination then backwards substitution. A   being an   n by n   matrix. Also,   x and b   are   n by 1   vectors. To improve accuracy, please use partial pivoting and scaling. See also   the Wikipedia entry:   Gaussian elimination
#F.23
F#
  // Gaussian Elimination. Nigel Galloway: February 2nd., 2019 let gelim augM= let f=List.length augM let fG n (g:bigint list) t=n|>List.map(fun n->List.map2(fun n g->g-n)(List.map(fun n->n*g.[t])n)(List.map(fun g->g*n.[t])g)) let rec fN i (g::e as l)= match i with i when i=f->l|>List.mapi(fun n (g:bigint lis...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_random_chess_position
Generate random chess position
Task Generate a random chess position in FEN format. The position does not have to be realistic or even balanced,  but it must comply to the following rules: there is one and only one king of each color  (one black king and one white king); the kings must not be placed on adjacent squares; there can not be any p...
#Yabasic
Yabasic
dim grid(8, 8)   sub placeKings() local r1, r2, c1, c2   do r1 = int(ran(8)) c1 = int(ran(8)) r2 = int(ran(8)) c2 = int(ran(8)) if (r1 <> r2 and abs(r1 - r2) > 1 and abs(c1 - c2) > 1) then grid(r1, c1) = asc("K") grid(r2, c2) = asc("k") ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_random_chess_position
Generate random chess position
Task Generate a random chess position in FEN format. The position does not have to be realistic or even balanced,  but it must comply to the following rules: there is one and only one king of each color  (one black king and one white king); the kings must not be placed on adjacent squares; there can not be any p...
#zkl
zkl
fcn pickFEN{ # First we chose how many pieces to place: 2 to 32 n := (0).random(2,33);   # Then we pick $n squares: first n of shuffle (0,1,2,3...63) n = [0..63].walk().shuffle()[0,n];   # We try to find suitable king positions on non-adjacent squares. # If we could not find any, we return recursivel...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gauss-Jordan_matrix_inversion
Gauss-Jordan matrix inversion
Task Invert matrix   A   using Gauss-Jordan method. A   being an   n × n   matrix.
#jq
jq
# Create an m x n matrix, # it being understood that: # matrix(0; _; _) evaluates to [] def matrix(m; n; init): if m == 0 then [] elif m == 1 then [[range(0;n) | init]] elif m > 0 then [range(0;n) | init] as $row | [range(0;m) | $row ] else error("matrix\(m);_;_) invalid") end;   def mprint($dec): ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/General_FizzBuzz
General FizzBuzz
Task Write a generalized version of FizzBuzz that works for any list of factors, along with their words. This is basically a "fizzbuzz" implementation where the user supplies the parameters. The user will enter the max number, then they will enter the factors to be calculated along with the corresponding word to be ...
#Groovy
Groovy
def log = '' (1..40).each {Integer value -> log +=(value %3 == 0) ? (value %5 == 0)? 'FIZZBUZZ\n':(value %7 == 0)? 'FIZZBAXX\n':'FIZZ\n'  :(value %5 == 0) ? (value %7 == 0)? 'BUZBAXX\n':'BUZZ\n'  :(value %7 == 0) ?'BAXX\n' ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hailstone_sequence
Hailstone sequence
The Hailstone sequence of numbers can be generated from a starting positive integer,   n   by:   If   n   is     1     then the sequence ends.   If   n   is   even then the next   n   of the sequence   = n/2   If   n   is   odd   then the next   n   of the sequence   = (3 * n) + 1 The (unproven) Collatz conje...
#Wren
Wren
var hailstone = Fn.new { |n| if (n < 1) Fiber.abort("Parameter must be a positive integer.") var h = [n] while (n != 1) { n = (n%2 == 0) ? (n/2).floor : 3*n + 1 h.add(n) } return h }   var h = hailstone.call(27) System.print("For the Hailstone sequence starting with n = 27:") Syste...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
(defvar *lower* (loop with a = (char-code #\a) for i below 26 collect (code-char (+ a i))))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#Cowgol
Cowgol
include "cowgol.coh";   # Generate the alphabet and store it at the given location # It is assumed that there is enough space (27 bytes) sub alph(buf: [uint8]): (out: [uint8]) is out := buf; var letter: uint8 := 'a'; while letter <= 'z' loop [buf] := letter; letter := letter + 1; buf...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Text
Hello world/Text
Hello world/Text is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Display the string Hello world! on a text console. Related tasks   Hello world/Graphical   Hello world/Line Printer   Hello world/Newbie   Hello world/Newline omission   Hello world/Standard error   Hello world/Web server
#Odin
Odin
package main import "core:fmt"   main :: proc() { fmt.println("Hellope!"); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#Z80_Assembly
Z80 Assembly
push ix push iy pop ix ;the value that was once in IY is now in IX pop iy ;the value that was once in IX is now in IY
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generic_swap
Generic swap
Task Write a generic swap function or operator which exchanges the values of two variables (or, more generally, any two storage places that can be assigned), regardless of their types. If your solution language is statically typed please describe the way your language provides genericity. If variables are typed in t...
#zkl
zkl
class C{var v; fcn init(n){v=n}} var c1=C(1), c2=C(2); println(c1.v," : ",c2.v); fcn swap(ca,cb,name){ tmp:=ca.resove(name); ca.setVar(name,cb.resolve(name)); cb.setVar(name,tmp) } swap(c1,c2,"v"); println(c1.v," : ",c2.v);
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generator/Exponential
Generator/Exponential
A generator is an executable entity (like a function or procedure) that contains code that yields a sequence of values, one at a time, so that each time you call the generator, the next value in the sequence is provided. Generators are often built on top of coroutines or objects so that the internal state of the objec...
#jq
jq
# Compute self^m where m is a non-negative integer: def pow(m): . as $in | reduce range(0;m) as $i (1; .*$in);   # state: [i, i^m] def next_power(m): .[0] + 1 | [., pow(m) ];
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#Wortel
Wortel
@gcd a b
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#Wren
Wren
var gcd = Fn.new { |x, y| while (y != 0) { var t = y y = x % y x = t } return x.abs }   System.print("gcd(33, 77) = %(gcd.call(33, 77))") System.print("gcd(49865, 69811) = %(gcd.call(49865, 69811))")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_Chess960_starting_position
Generate Chess960 starting position
Chess960 is a variant of chess created by world champion Bobby Fischer. Unlike other variants of the game, Chess960 does not require a different material, but instead relies on a random initial position, with a few constraints: as in the standard chess game, all eight white pawns must be placed on the second rank. W...
#Perl
Perl
sub rnd($) { int(rand(shift)) }   sub empties { grep !$_[0][$_], 0 .. 7 }   sub chess960 { my @s = (undef) x 8; @s[2*rnd(4), 1 + 2*rnd(4)] = qw/B B/;   for (qw/Q N N/) { my @idx = empties \@s; $s[$idx[rnd(@idx)]] = $_; }   @s[empties \@s] = qw/R K R/; @s } print "@{[chess960]}\n" for 0 .. 10;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_composition
Function composition
Task Create a function, compose,   whose two arguments   f   and   g,   are both functions with one argument. The result of compose is to be a function of one argument, (lets call the argument   x),   which works like applying function   f   to the result of applying function   g   to   x. Example compose...
#11l
11l
V compose = (f, g) -> (x -> @f(@g(x))) V sin_asin = compose(x -> sin(x), x -> asin(x)) print(sin_asin(0.5))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/FTP
FTP
Task Connect to a server, change directory, list its contents and download a file as binary using the FTP protocol. Use passive mode if available.
#BaCon
BaCon
OPTION PARSE FALSE   PRAGMA INCLUDE <curl/curl.h> PRAGMA LDFLAGS -lcurl   DECLARE easyhandle TYPE CURL*   OPEN "data.txt" FOR WRITING AS download   easyhandle = curl_easy_init() curl_easy_setopt(easyhandle, CURLOPT_URL, "ftp://localhost/pub/data.txt") curl_easy_setopt(easyhandle, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, download) curl_easy_...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64   ' The position regarding prototypes is broadly similar to that of the C language in that functions, ' sub-routines or operators (unless they have already been fully defined) must be declared before they can be used. ' This is usually done near the top of a file or in a separate header file which i...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#Go
Go
func a() // function with no arguments func b(x, y int) // function with two arguments func c(...int) // varargs are called "variadic parameters" in Go.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Fusc_sequence
Fusc sequence
Definitions The   fusc   integer sequence is defined as:   fusc(0) = 0   fusc(1) = 1   for n>1,   the   nth   term is defined as:   if   n   is even;     fusc(n) = fusc(n/2)   if   n   is   odd;     fusc(n) = fusc((n-1)/2)   +   fusc((n+1)/2) Note that MathWorld's definition starts with unity, not zero.   Th...
#ALGOL_68
ALGOL 68
BEGIN # calculate some members of the fusc sequence # # f0 = 0, f1 = 1, fn = f(n/2) if n even # # = f(n-1)/2) + f((n+1)/2) if n odd #   # constructs an array of the first n elements of the fusc sequence # PROC fusc sequence = ( INT n )[]INT: ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#Lua
Lua
-- DATA: local function node(name, weight, coverage, children) return { name=name, weight=weight or 1.0, coverage=coverage or 0.0, sumofweights=0, delta=0, children=children } end   local root = node("cleaning", nil, nil, { node("house1", 40, nil, { node("bedrooms", nil, 0.25), node("bathrooms", nil, nil, {...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
(defun mapc-tree (fn tree) "Apply FN to all elements in TREE." (cond ((consp tree) (mapc-tree fn (car tree)) (mapc-tree fn (cdr tree))) (t (funcall fn tree))))   (defun count-source (source) "Load and count all function-bound symbols in a SOURCE file." (load source) (with-open-file (...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gamma_function
Gamma function
Task Implement one algorithm (or more) to compute the Gamma ( Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } ) function (in the real field only). If your language has the function as built-in or you know a library which has it, compare your implementation's results with the results of the built-in/library function. The Gamma funct...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
/* Here is the upper incomplete Gamma function. Omitting or setting the second parameter to 0 we get the (complete) Gamma function. The code is based on: "Computation of Special Functions" Zhang and Jin, John Wiley and Sons, 1996 */   SetFormat FloatFast, 0.9e   Loop 10 MsgBox % GAMMA(A_Index/3) "`n" GAMMA(A_Index...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Galton_box_animation
Galton box animation
Example of a Galton Box at the end of animation. A   Galton device   Sir Francis Galton's device   is also known as a   bean machine,   a   Galton Board,   or a   quincunx. Description of operation In a Galton box, there are a set of pins arranged in a triangular pattern.   A number of balls are dropped so that ...
#Elm
Elm
import Html.App exposing (program) import Time exposing (Time, every, millisecond) import Color exposing (Color, black, red, blue, green) import Collage exposing (collage) import Collage exposing (collage,polygon, filled, move, Form, circle) import Element exposing (toHtml) import Html exposing (Attribute, Html, text, ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gapful_numbers
Gapful numbers
Numbers   (positive integers expressed in base ten)   that are (evenly) divisible by the number formed by the first and last digit are known as   gapful numbers. Evenly divisible   means divisible with   no   remainder. All   one─   and two─digit   numbers have this property and are trivially excluded.   Only numb...
#Erlang
Erlang
-module(gapful). -export([first_digit/1, last_digit/1, bookend_number/1, is_gapful/1]).   first_digit(N) -> list_to_integer(string:slice(integer_to_list(N),0,1)).   last_digit(N) -> N rem 10.   bookend_number(N) -> 10 * first_digit(N) + last_digit(N).   is_gapful(N) -> (N >= 100) and (0 == N rem bookend_number(N)).
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gaussian_elimination
Gaussian elimination
Task Solve   Ax=b   using Gaussian elimination then backwards substitution. A   being an   n by n   matrix. Also,   x and b   are   n by 1   vectors. To improve accuracy, please use partial pivoting and scaling. See also   the Wikipedia entry:   Gaussian elimination
#Fortran
Fortran
  program ge   real, allocatable :: a(:,:),b(:) a = reshape( & [1.0, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, & 0.0, 0.63, 1.26, 1.88, 2.51, 3.14, & 0.0, 0.39, 1.58, 3.55, 6.32, 9.87, & 0.0, 0.25, 1.98, 6.70, 15.88,...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gauss-Jordan_matrix_inversion
Gauss-Jordan matrix inversion
Task Invert matrix   A   using Gauss-Jordan method. A   being an   n × n   matrix.
#Julia
Julia
A = [1 2 3; 4 1 6; 7 8 9] @show I / A @show inv(A)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/General_FizzBuzz
General FizzBuzz
Task Write a generalized version of FizzBuzz that works for any list of factors, along with their words. This is basically a "fizzbuzz" implementation where the user supplies the parameters. The user will enter the max number, then they will enter the factors to be calculated along with the corresponding word to be ...
#Haskell
Haskell
fizz :: (Integral a, Show a) => a -> [(a, String)] -> String fizz a xs | null result = show a | otherwise = result where result = concatMap (fizz' a) xs fizz' a (factor, str) | a `mod` factor == 0 = str | otherwise = ""   main = do line <- getLine le...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hailstone_sequence
Hailstone sequence
The Hailstone sequence of numbers can be generated from a starting positive integer,   n   by:   If   n   is     1     then the sequence ends.   If   n   is   even then the next   n   of the sequence   = n/2   If   n   is   odd   then the next   n   of the sequence   = (3 * n) + 1 The (unproven) Collatz conje...
#XPL0
XPL0
include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations int Seq(1000); \more than enough for longest sequence   func Hailstone(N); \Return length of Hailstone sequence starting at N int N; \ also fills Seq array with sequence int I; [I:= 0; loop [Seq(I):= N; I:= I+1; if N=1 then ret...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#D
D
import std.ascii: lowercase;   void main() {}
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_lower_case_ASCII_alphabet
Generate lower case ASCII alphabet
Task Generate an array, list, lazy sequence, or even an indexable string of all the lower case ASCII characters, from a to z. If the standard library contains such a sequence, show how to access it, but don't fail to show how to generate a similar sequence. For this basic task use a reliable style of coding, a sty...
#dc
dc
122 [ d 1 - d 97<L 256 * + ] d sL x P
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Text
Hello world/Text
Hello world/Text is part of Short Circuit's Console Program Basics selection. Task Display the string Hello world! on a text console. Related tasks   Hello world/Graphical   Hello world/Line Printer   Hello world/Newbie   Hello world/Newline omission   Hello world/Standard error   Hello world/Web server
#Oforth
Oforth
"Hello world!" .
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generator/Exponential
Generator/Exponential
A generator is an executable entity (like a function or procedure) that contains code that yields a sequence of values, one at a time, so that each time you call the generator, the next value in the sequence is provided. Generators are often built on top of coroutines or objects so that the internal state of the objec...
#Julia
Julia
drop(gen::Function, n::Integer) = (for _ in 1:n gen() end; gen) take(gen::Function, n::Integer) = collect(gen() for _ in 1:n)   function pgen(n::Number) x = 0 return () -> (x += 1) ^ n end   function genfilter(g1::Function, g2::Function) local r1 local r2 = g2() return () -> begin r1 = g1() ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#x86_Assembly
x86 Assembly
.text .global pgcd   pgcd: push  %ebp mov  %esp, %ebp   mov 8(%ebp), %eax mov 12(%ebp), %ecx push  %edx   .loop: cmp $0, %ecx je .end xor  %edx, %edx div  %ecx mov  %ecx, %eax mov  %edx, %ecx ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Greatest_common_divisor
Greatest common divisor
Greatest common divisor You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Find the greatest common divisor   (GCD)   of two integers. Greatest common divisor   is also known as   greatest common factor (gcf)   and   greatest common measure. Related tas...
#XBasic
XBasic
' Greatest common divisor PROGRAM "gcddemo" VERSION "0.001"   DECLARE FUNCTION Entry() DECLARE FUNCTION GcdRecursive(u&, v&) DECLARE FUNCTION GcdIterative(u&, v&) DECLARE FUNCTION GcdBinary(u&, v&)   FUNCTION Entry() m& = 49865 n& = 69811 PRINT "GCD("; LTRIM$(STR$(m&)); ","; n&; "):"; GcdIterative(m&, n&); " (ite...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Generate_Chess960_starting_position
Generate Chess960 starting position
Chess960 is a variant of chess created by world champion Bobby Fischer. Unlike other variants of the game, Chess960 does not require a different material, but instead relies on a random initial position, with a few constraints: as in the standard chess game, all eight white pawns must be placed on the second rank. W...
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics sequence solutions = {} --integer d = new_dict() for i=1 to factorial(8) do sequence s = permute(i,"RNBQKBNR") -- sequence s = permute(rand(factorial(8),"RNBQKBNR") integer b1 = find('B',s), b2 = find('B',s,b1+1) if and_bits(b2-b1,1)=1 then integer k = find('...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_composition
Function composition
Task Create a function, compose,   whose two arguments   f   and   g,   are both functions with one argument. The result of compose is to be a function of one argument, (lets call the argument   x),   which works like applying function   f   to the result of applying function   g   to   x. Example compose...
#ActionScript
ActionScript
function compose(f:Function, g:Function):Function { return function(x:Object) {return f(g(x));}; } function test() { trace(compose(Math.atan, Math.tan)(0.5)); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_composition
Function composition
Task Create a function, compose,   whose two arguments   f   and   g,   are both functions with one argument. The result of compose is to be a function of one argument, (lets call the argument   x),   which works like applying function   f   to the result of applying function   g   to   x. Example compose...
#Ada
Ada
generic type Argument is private; package Functions is type Primitive_Operation is not null access function (Value : Argument) return Argument; type Func (<>) is private; function "*" (Left : Func; Right : Argument) return Argument; function "*" (Left : Func; Right : Primitive_Operation) retu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/FTP
FTP
Task Connect to a server, change directory, list its contents and download a file as binary using the FTP protocol. Use passive mode if available.
#Batch_File
Batch File
::Playing with FTP ::Batch File Implementation   @echo off   set site="ftp.hq.nasa.gov" set user="anonymous" set pass="ftptest@example.com" set dir="pub/issoutreach/Living in Space Stories (MP3 Files)" set download="Gravity in the Brain.mp3"   ( echo.open %site% echo.user %user% %pass% echo.dir echo.!echo. echo.!e...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/FTP
FTP
Task Connect to a server, change directory, list its contents and download a file as binary using the FTP protocol. Use passive mode if available.
#C
C
  #include <ftplib.h>   int main(void) { netbuf *nbuf;   FtpInit(); FtpConnect("kernel.org", &nbuf); FtpLogin("anonymous", "", nbuf); FtpOptions(FTPLIB_CONNMODE, FTPLIB_PASSIVE, nbuf); FtpChdir("pub/linux/kernel", nbuf); FtpDir((void*)0, ".", nbuf); FtpGet("ftp.README", "README", FTPLIB_...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#Haskell
Haskell
  add :: Int -> Int -> Int add x y = x+y  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_prototype
Function prototype
Some languages provide the facility to declare functions and subroutines through the use of function prototyping. Task Demonstrate the methods available for declaring prototypes within the language. The provided solutions should include: An explanation of any placement restrictions for prototype declarations A p...
#J
J
NB. j assumes an unknown name f is a verb of infinite rank NB. f has infinite ranks f b. 0 _ _ _   NB. The verb g makes a table. g=: f/~   NB. * has rank 0 f=: *     NB. indeed, make a multiplication table f/~ i.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 2 4 6 8 0 3 6 9 12 0 4 8 12 16   NB. g was defi...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_definition
Function definition
A function is a body of code that returns a value. The value returned may depend on arguments provided to the function. Task Write a definition of a function called "multiply" that takes two arguments and returns their product. (Argument types should be chosen so as not to distract from showing how functions are ...
#11l
11l
F multiply(a, b) R a * b
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/French_Republican_calendar
French Republican calendar
Write a program to convert dates between the Gregorian calendar and the French Republican calendar. The year 1 of the Republican calendar began on 22 September 1792. There were twelve months (Vendémiaire, Brumaire, Frimaire, Nivôse, Pluviôse, Ventôse, Germinal, Floréal, Prairial, Messidor, Thermidor, and Fructidor) of...
#BBC_BASIC
BBC BASIC
REM >frrepcal : DIM gregorian$(11) DIM gregorian%(11) DIM republican$(11) DIM sansculottides$(5) gregorian$() = "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" gregorian%() = 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 REM 7-bit ASCII encoding,...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Fusc_sequence
Fusc sequence
Definitions The   fusc   integer sequence is defined as:   fusc(0) = 0   fusc(1) = 1   for n>1,   the   nth   term is defined as:   if   n   is even;     fusc(n) = fusc(n/2)   if   n   is   odd;     fusc(n) = fusc((n-1)/2)   +   fusc((n+1)/2) Note that MathWorld's definition starts with unity, not zero.   Th...
#AppleScript
AppleScript
on fusc(n) if (n < 2) then return n else if (n mod 2 is 0) then return fusc(n div 2) else return fusc((n - 1) div 2) + fusc((n + 1) div 2) end if end fusc   set sequence to {} set longestSoFar to 0 repeat with i from 0 to 60 set fuscNumber to fusc(i) set end of sequence t...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#Nim
Nim
import strformat, strutils   type   FCNode = ref object name: string weight: int coverage: float children: seq[FCNode] parent: FCNode   func newFCNode(name: string; weight: int; coverage: float): FCNode = FCNode(name: name, weight: weight, coverage: coverage)   # Forward reference. func updateCo...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Functional_coverage_tree
Functional coverage tree
Functional coverage is a measure of how much a particular function of a system has been verified as correct. It is used heavily in tracking the completeness of the verification of complex System on Chip (SoC) integrated circuits, where it can also be used to track how well the functional requirements of the system have...
#Perl
Perl
use strict; use warnings;   sub walktree { my @parts; while( $_[0] =~ /(?<head> (\s*) \N+\n ) # split off one level as 'head' (or terminal 'leaf') (?<body> (?:\2 \s\N+\n)*)/gx ) { # next sub-level is 'body' (defined by extra depth of indentation)   my($head, $body) = ($+...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Function_frequency
Function frequency
Display - for a program or runtime environment (whatever suits the style of your language) - the top ten most frequently occurring functions (or also identifiers or tokens, if preferred). This is a static analysis: The question is not how often each function is actually executed at runtime, but how often it is used by...
#Erlang
Erlang
  -module( function_frequency ).   -export( [erlang_source/1, task/0] ).   erlang_source( File ) -> {ok, IO} = file:open( File, [read] ), Forms = parse_all( IO, io:parse_erl_form(IO, ''), [] ), Functions = lists:flatten( [erl_syntax_lib:fold(fun accumulate_functions/2, [], X) || X <- Forms] ), dict:to_l...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gamma_function
Gamma function
Task Implement one algorithm (or more) to compute the Gamma ( Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } ) function (in the real field only). If your language has the function as built-in or you know a library which has it, compare your implementation's results with the results of the built-in/library function. The Gamma funct...
#AWK
AWK
  # syntax: GAWK -f GAMMA_FUNCTION.AWK BEGIN { e = (1+1/100000)^100000 pi = atan2(0,-1) leng = split("0.99999999999980993,676.5203681218851,-1259.1392167224028,771.32342877765313,-176.61502916214059,12.507343278686905,-0.13857109526572012,9.9843695780195716e-6,1.5056327351493116e-7",p,",") print("X S...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Galton_box_animation
Galton box animation
Example of a Galton Box at the end of animation. A   Galton device   Sir Francis Galton's device   is also known as a   bean machine,   a   Galton Board,   or a   quincunx. Description of operation In a Galton box, there are a set of pins arranged in a triangular pattern.   A number of balls are dropped so that ...
#Factor
Factor
USING: accessors arrays calendar colors combinators combinators.short-circuit fonts fry generalizations kernel literals locals math math.ranges math.vectors namespaces opengl random sequences timers ui ui.commands ui.gadgets ui.gadgets.worlds ui.gestures ui.pens.solid ui.render ui.text ; IN: rosetta-code.galton-box-ani...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gapful_numbers
Gapful numbers
Numbers   (positive integers expressed in base ten)   that are (evenly) divisible by the number formed by the first and last digit are known as   gapful numbers. Evenly divisible   means divisible with   no   remainder. All   one─   and two─digit   numbers have this property and are trivially excluded.   Only numb...
#Factor
Factor
USING: formatting kernel lists lists.lazy math math.functions math.text.utils sequences ;   : gapful? ( n -- ? ) dup 1 digit-groups [ first ] [ last 10 * + ] bi divisor? ;   30 100 15 1,000,000 10 1,000,000,000 [ 2dup lfrom [ gapful? ] lfilter ltake list>array "%d gapful numbers starting at %d:\n%[%d, %]\n\...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gapful_numbers
Gapful numbers
Numbers   (positive integers expressed in base ten)   that are (evenly) divisible by the number formed by the first and last digit are known as   gapful numbers. Evenly divisible   means divisible with   no   remainder. All   one─   and two─digit   numbers have this property and are trivially excluded.   Only numb...
#Forth
Forth
variable cnt : Int>Str s>d <# #s #>  ; : firstDigit C@ [char] 0 -  ; : lastDigit + 1- c@ [char] 0 - ; : cnt++ cnt dup @ 1+ dup rot ! ; : GapfulNumber? dup dup Int>Str 2dup drop firstDigit 10 * ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gaussian_elimination
Gaussian elimination
Task Solve   Ax=b   using Gaussian elimination then backwards substitution. A   being an   n by n   matrix. Also,   x and b   are   n by 1   vectors. To improve accuracy, please use partial pivoting and scaling. See also   the Wikipedia entry:   Gaussian elimination
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
    Sub GaussJordan(matrix() As Double,rhs() As Double,ans() As Double) Dim As Long n=Ubound(matrix,1) Redim ans(0):Redim ans(1 To n) Dim As Double b(1 To n,1 To n),r(1 To n) For c As Long=1 To n 'take copies r(c)=rhs(c) For d As Long=1 To n b(c,d)=matrix(c,d) Next d ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Gauss-Jordan_matrix_inversion
Gauss-Jordan matrix inversion
Task Invert matrix   A   using Gauss-Jordan method. A   being an   n × n   matrix.
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// version 1.2.21   typealias Matrix = Array<DoubleArray>   fun Matrix.inverse(): Matrix { val len = this.size require(this.all { it.size == len }) { "Not a square matrix" } val aug = Array(len) { DoubleArray(2 * len) } for (i in 0 until len) { for (j in 0 until len) aug[i][j] = this[i][j] ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/General_FizzBuzz
General FizzBuzz
Task Write a generalized version of FizzBuzz that works for any list of factors, along with their words. This is basically a "fizzbuzz" implementation where the user supplies the parameters. The user will enter the max number, then they will enter the factors to be calculated along with the corresponding word to be ...
#J
J
genfb=:1 :0 : b=. * x|/1+i.y >,&":&.>/(m#inv"_1~-.b),(*/b)#&.>1+i.y )