doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
1,910,998 | These precursory readings of the physical environment represent an evolved set of information processing skills that the human mind has developed over millennia through direct lived experience. This physiological engagement with the world operates in a more immediate sense than the summary events of applied meaning or ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23080305 | 1,909,899 |
1,695,380 | Until late March, due to the restrictive Robert Koch Institute (RKI) testing criteria, Germans without specific symptoms could not be tested. On 25 March 2020, the RKI announced that people no longer needed to come from risk areas to be tested. In the revised criteria, acute respiratory symptoms were generally maintain... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63948123 | 1,694,428 |
1,215,457 | The industrial faculties had the task of preparing artists of a new type, artists capable of working not only in the traditional pictorial and plastic arts but also capable of creating all objects in the human environment such as the articles of daily life, the implements of labor, etc. The industrial department at Vkh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3014315 | 1,214,805 |
1,443,274 | The history of the institute dates back to the pre-independence era of India. The Bhore Committee report formed by the Ministry of Health pointed out the need of trained personnel and an institution in the field of chest diseases country. Officials, then decided to establish such an institution in the country which wou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47986289 | 1,442,461 |
1,257,070 | Although Rokitansky defended the "materialistic method" in scientific research, he rejected materialism as a philosophical world view. In his commemorative speech on the occasion of the opening of the Institute of Pathological Anatomy at the General Hospital of Vienna, he warned against the abuse of "natural science li... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1920065 | 1,256,384 |
886,454 | Water pollution due to animal waste is a common problem in both developed and developing nations. The USA, Canada, India, Greece, Switzerland and several other countries are experiencing major environmental degradation due to water pollution via animal waste. Concerns about such problems are particularly acute in the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15588468 | 885,990 |
949,309 | The simulation aspect of the game received mixed reviews. Loveridge held a positive opinion regarding dinosaur management, as each species has their own needs and niches that players must fulfill. She felt the park management aspect, including the construction of facilities and utilities, was "minimal". Tamburro compar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54971409 | 948,805 |
1,362,559 | By introducing more energy thresholds above the low-energy threshold, a PCD can be divided into several discrete energy bins. Each registered photon is thus assigned to a specific bin depending on its energy, such that each pixel measures a histogram of the incident X-ray spectrum. This spectral information provides se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55862624 | 1,361,806 |
1,828,396 | The Bureau's environmental research group conducts a wide range of basic and applied research in groundwater resources, vadose zone hydrology, coastal studies, near-surface geophysics, and geologic mapping. The group also has programs that relate energy and the environment, including a major initiative in geological se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6873192 | 1,827,357 |
950,701 | It is neither difficult to imagine atomic motions due to kinetic temperature, nor distinguish between such motions and those due to zero-point energy. Consider the following hypothetical thought experiment, as illustrated in "Fig. 2.5" at left, with an atom that is exceedingly close to absolute zero. Imagine peering th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41789 | 950,197 |
1,157,802 | In July 2012, the Windows 8 team posted the following on the blog of Steven Sinofsky: "To improve geometry rendering performance in Windows 8, we focused on reducing the CPU cost associated with tessellation in two ways. First, we optimized our implementation of tessellation when rendering simple geometries like rectan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20869703 | 1,157,189 |
646,577 | Numeracy has a huge impact on employment. In a work environment, numeracy can be a controlling factor affecting career achievements and failures. Many professions require individuals to have well-developed numerical skills: for example, mathematician, physicist, accountant, actuary, Risk Analyst, financial analyst, eng... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=397245 | 646,237 |
2,057,303 | Carbon monoxide line intensities are calibrated using the room-temperature chopper wheel method and the two-layer atmosphere model of Kutner (1978). At the carbon monoxide signal frequency the atmospheric opacity is appreciable, mostly due to molecular oxygen and water vapor, and corrections to the observed line intens... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1528987 | 2,056,119 |
1,403,699 | A general election in November 1900 led to a change of First Lord of the Admiralty from George Goschen to the Earl of Selborne. The new Parliamentary Secretary to the board was Hugh Oakley Arnold-Forster, who as a backbench Member of Parliament had criticised Goschen for failing to adopt submarines. Now he discovered t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4108784 | 1,402,909 |
716,612 | The outflow clepsydra was a timekeeping device used in China as long ago as the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–c. 1050 BC), and certainly by the Zhou Dynasty (1122–256 BC). The inflow clepsydra with an indicator rod on a float had been known in China since the beginning of the Han Dynasty in 202 BC and had replaced the outflow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34542 | 716,235 |
1,319,855 | One method of increasing the mechanical properties of polymers used for anion exchange membranes (AEM) is substituting conventional ternary amine and anion exchange groups with grafted quaternary groups. These ionomers results in large storage and Young's moduli, a high tensile strength, and high ductility. Exchanging ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34019297 | 1,319,129 |
729,341 | By 1950, their research into the rubber binder had led to much larger engines and then to the development of the Aerobee sounding rocket. Aerobee was the first US-designed rocket to reach space (albeit not orbit) and completed over 1,000 flights before it was retired in 1985. Aerojet designed and built a total of 1,182... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1398923 | 728,957 |
691,380 | Behe received $20,000 for testifying as an expert witness on behalf of the plaintiffs in "Association of Christian Schools International v. Roman Stearns." The case was filed by Association of Christian Schools International, which argued that the University of California was being discriminatory by not recognizing sci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=186205 | 691,017 |
41,388 | Fellowship of the Society, the oldest known scientific academy in continuous existence, is a significant honour. It has been awarded to many eminent scientists throughout history, including Isaac Newton (1672), Michael Faraday (1824), Charles Darwin (1839), Ernest Rutherford (1903), Srinivasa Ramanujan (1918), Albert E... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=510795 | 41,373 |
1,910,965 | Fundamentally, all electrical measurements of bilayers involve the placement of an electrode on either side of the membrane. By applying a bias across these electrodes and measuring the resulting current, it is possible to determine the resistance of the bilayer. This resistance is typically quite high for intact bilay... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21453848 | 1,909,866 |
997,990 | While en route to the west coast, "Pennsylvania" left "Tennessee" and "Maryland" to head to Mare Island for repairs, while the other two vessels continued on to Puget Sound. They reached the naval yard of 29 December, where permanent repairs and a modernization began. The portions of "Tennessee"s hull plating and elect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=196975 | 997,472 |
1,567,560 | In the first half-reaction, two identical molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) are bound to squalene synthase (SQS) in a sequential manner. The FPP molecules bind to distinct regions of the enzyme, and with different binding affinities. Starting at the top of the catalytic cycle below, the reaction begins with the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10905770 | 1,566,673 |
536,272 | After the turn of the 20th century, Josiah Willard Gibbs would in physical chemistry introduce middle dot for dot product and the multiplication sign for cross products. He would also supply notation for the scalar and vector products, which was introduced in "Vector Analysis". In 1904, Ernst Zermelo promotes axiom of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6134187 | 535,993 |
1,675,850 | Where megathrust earthquakes (M>8) have been repeatedly observed in the shallow sections (<25 km depth) of the Cascadia subduction zone, low frequency earthquakes have recently been discovered to occur at greater depths, down-dip of the seismogenic zone. The first indicator of low frequency earthquakes in Cascadia was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7674011 | 1,674,908 |
9,779 | During the late 1990s, Boeing considered replacement aircraft programs due to slowing sales of the 767 and 747-400. Two new aircraft were proposed. The 747X would have lengthened the 747-400 and improved efficiency, and the Sonic Cruiser would have achieved 15% higher speeds (approximately Mach 0.98) while burning fuel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=307133 | 9,775 |
19,871 | Evidence for positive treatment outcomes can also be quantified using neuroimaging tools. The use of fMRI and an automatic classifier can help predict language recovery outcomes in stroke patients with 86% accuracy when coupled with age and language test scores. The stimuli tested were sentences both correct and incorr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2088 | 19,863 |
1,857,917 | "Eopteranodon" is based on the type specimen or holotype BPV-078, an incomplete skeleton and skull. Its skull, including a large crest, was toothless and similar to that of "Pteranodon". The skull lacks the point of the snout but it was in life less than 200 millimeters long (7.9 inches), and the animal had a wingspan ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8553292 | 1,856,849 |
1,914,754 | Environmental contamination is an important route of infection for "B. avium". "B. avium" can survive in the environment less than 2 days at higher temperatures (40 °C), up to a month with low temperature (10 °C) and humidity (32-58%), and up to 6 months in feed, water and damp litter. Good bio-security protocols, thor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40064924 | 1,913,655 |
129,991 | In September 2008, several companies, including Nestlé, were implicated in a scandal involving milk and infant formula which had been adulterated with melamine, leading to kidney stones and other kidney failure, especially among young children. By December 2008, nearly 300,000 people had become ill, with more than 50,0... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=553468 | 129,939 |
1,472,827 | Shocked at the sudden loss of their companion, Mawson and Mertz now had to consider their own prospects. Ninnis's sledge had been carrying most of their provisions and equipment, and all of the dog food, leaving them with about 11 or 12 days' rations. To reach base, they would have to augment these meagre supplies by s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3433767 | 1,471,998 |
1,830,611 | Native Americans have been familiar with fossils for thousands of years. They both told myths about them and applied them to practical purposes. The idea of powerful natural forces contending for balance is a common motif in fossil-influenced Native American folklore. Practical applications for fossils in Native Americ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37799182 | 1,829,565 |
738,580 | Current systems only detect an arriving object when several factors are just right, mainly the direction of approach relative to the Sun, the weather, and phase of the Moon. The result is a low overall rate of success (around 1%) which is worse the smaller the objects are. A few near misses by medium-size asteroids hav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58017976 | 738,189 |
1,467,408 | TrkB and its ligand BDNF have been associated to both normal brain function and in the pathology and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. First of all, BDNF/TrkB signalling has been implicated in long-term memory formation, the regulation of long-term potentiation, as well as h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5330660 | 1,466,585 |
2,049,854 | Wood established his own group at ICRF and over the next decade, performed a series of biochemistry experiments to understand each step in the repair process by adding individual, purified proteins. Repair (particularly of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers) includes recognition of the damaged site (probably by sensing an un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9032727 | 2,048,673 |
746,060 | Shaurya can reach a velocity of Mach 7.5 even at low altitudes. On 12 November 2008, the missile reached a velocity of Mach 5 as it crossed a distance of 300 km, with a surface temperature of 700° Celsius. The missile performed rolls to spread the heat uniformly on its surface. Flight time was between 500 seconds and 7... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20189215 | 745,665 |
1,859,884 | This three-year, collaborative project seeks to develop an openly accessible, graduate-level curricular framework, course modules, and experiential and enrichment components and exemplars necessary to prepare students to work in the 21st-century environment of trusted digital and data repositories. To accomplish these ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31382598 | 1,858,816 |
1,890,517 | Nave co-authored a book with James Rusbridger, which was to have been published in 1988. However, the book was withdrawn after pressure from the D-Notice Committee. It was eventually published in 1991 as "Betrayal at Pearl Harbor", but received a highly critical reception from the intelligence establishment. The book a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24946564 | 1,889,434 |
728,882 | The Burt-McCollum sleeve valve, having its name from the surnames of the two engineers that patented the same concept with weeks of difference, Peter Burt and James Harry Keighly McCollum, patent applications are of August 6 and June 22, 1909, respectively, both engineers hired by the Scottish car maker Argyll, consist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=147563 | 728,498 |
1,371,075 | In one case, a cerebral organoid grown from a patient with microcephaly demonstrated related symptoms and revealed that apparently, the cause is overly rapid development, followed by slower brain growth. Microencephaly is a developmental condition in which the brain remains undersized, producing an undersized head and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40466325 | 1,370,318 |
983,759 | The surface was initially reported to be a clay-like "material which might have a thin crust followed by a region of relative uniform consistency." One ESA scientist compared the texture and colour of Titan's surface to a crème brûlée (that is, a hard surface covering a sticky mud like subsurface). Subsequent analysis ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=185083 | 983,245 |
1,683,101 | In September 1947, Springfield College hired him as a biology professor. Dr. Amos was the college’s first African American faculty member. Amos was awarded a M.A. in 1947 and a Ph.D. in 1952 from Harvard Medical School. He was a graduate student with Howard J. Mueller. Harold thesis was on the infectivity of Herpes vir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30797508 | 1,682,158 |
1,772,768 | "The Science of Life: a summary of contemporary knowledge about life and its possibilities" was first issued in 31 fortnightly parts published by Amalgamated Press in 1929–30, bound up in three volumes as publication proceeded. A mail-order version of the book was also published, though this was dropped after the stock... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1941290 | 1,771,771 |
192,685 | Even with these convenient 21st-century technological tools, modern practical navigators usually use celestial navigation using electric-powered time sources in combination with satellite navigation. Small handheld computers, laptops, navigational calculators and even scientific calculators enable modern navigators to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10553773 | 192,585 |
519,398 | In practice, nearly all software and electronic devices that generate frequency spectra utilize a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), which operates on samples of the signal, and which provides a mathematical approximation to the full integral solution. The DFT is almost invariably implemented by an efficient algorithm c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13070117 | 519,129 |
943,088 | After medical school, Heimlich served with the U.S. Navy in China during World War II. In January 1945, as a member of the US Navy Reserve, Lieutenant (junior grade) Heimlich was assigned to Camp Four of the Sino-American Special Technical Cooperative Organization (SACO) located at Xamba, Suiyuan Province in northern C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13973283 | 942,586 |
1,925,930 | LF-FSP, as invented at the University of Michigan, uses metalloorganic precursors such as metal carboxylates or alkoxides, not metal chlorides. Briefly, alcohol (typically ethanol) solutions containing 1–10 wt % loading of the target ceramic components as precursors are aerosolized with O into a quartz chamber and igni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38220209 | 1,924,826 |
301,001 | Nero ruled from 54 to 68. During his rule, Nero focused much of his attention on diplomacy, trade, and increasing the cultural capital of the empire. He ordered the building of theatres and promoted athletic games. His reign included the Roman–Parthian War (a successful war and negotiated peace with the Parthian Empire... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17958273 | 300,840 |
609,280 | By the mid-1970s, scientists and clinicians alike began using thallium-201 as the radioisotope of choice for human studies. Individuals could be placed on a treadmill and be "stressed" by the "Bruce protocol" and when near peak performance, could be injected with thallium-201. The isotope required exercise for an addit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10177511 | 608,969 |
1,471,999 | These changes are described as amoeboid-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-amoeboid transitions. Tumor cells using the mesenchymal type of migration can be changed in a certain way and shift to the amoeboid type of movement under conditions of a weakened signal and mechanical pathways that are directly involved in the stabili... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58886026 | 1,471,170 |
831,128 | New medicines are now on the market that contain antibodies against either CGRP itself, or its receptor. They are called monoclonal antibodies (MABs) and are large molecules that do not cross the blood-brain-barrier. They typically are not metabolized by the liver and have little direct impact on the metabolism of more... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5692662 | 830,679 |
1,874,618 | Q-system appeared to be working successfully in a variety of organisms. It has been used to drive expression of luciferase, as a proof of principle, in cultured mammalian cells. In zebrafish the Q-system has been successfully used with several tissue-specific promoters, and was shown to work independently of the GAL4/U... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51758505 | 1,873,541 |
1,031,710 | Following the completion of the "Duquesne" design, France learned that the Italian incorporated 70mm belt and 50mm deck armour. The 1924 Naval General Staff requirements for the next French treaty cruiser demanded greater protection while closely matching other characteristics of the "Duquesne". This was impossible wit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4389274 | 1,031,174 |
1,194,493 | The molecular mechanism by which protons are converted into hydrogen molecules within hydrogenases is still under extensive study. One popular approach employs mutagenesis to elucidate roles of amino acids and/or ligands in different steps of catalysis such as intramolecular transport of substrates. For instance, Corni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1961054 | 1,193,853 |
1,599,721 | Kinesin-5, like all motor proteins, breaks down ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate, using a water molecule, and converts the chemical energy to force and motion along microtubules. Kinetic experiments reveal rates of how fast intermediate steps in catalysis occur and the most extensive set of studies on Kinesin-5 kin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34520132 | 1,598,821 |
895,259 | Metal Gear REX has near-impenetrable compound armor, a pair of 30 mm gatling guns, anti-tank missiles, and a free-electron laser, to protect itself from conventional forces. Its primary weapon, however, is a magnetic railgun capable of delivering an untraceable nuclear warhead anywhere in the world, without the propell... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3175926 | 894,789 |
191,973 | In 2014 philosopher Nick Bostrom stated that a "severe race dynamic" (extreme competition) between different teams may create conditions whereby the creation of an AGI results in shortcuts to safety and potentially violent conflict. To address this risk, citing previous scientific collaboration (CERN, the Human Genome ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46583121 | 191,874 |
559,138 | When he graduated from Dartmouth, Just faced the same problems all black college graduates of his time did: no matter how brilliant they were or how high their grades were, it was almost impossible for black people to become faculty members at white colleges or universities. Just took what seemed to be the best choice ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7575460 | 558,849 |
1,375,950 | The process of laying these terracotta pipes was also unique: generally installed in a gutter dug on the side of the mountain - this is the case of the pipes on one side of the Siq - its slope was calculated to allow maximum flow, with an optimized filling of the piping, leaving an air space in its upper part with a mi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42585943 | 1,375,189 |
1,937,487 | When autism was identified as a distinct biological disorder in the 1980s, researchers found that autistic individuals showed a brain growth abnormality in the cerebellum in their early developmental years. Subsequent research has indicated that 90% of autistic children have a larger brain volume than their peers by 2 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24219329 | 1,936,379 |
649,806 | UMB's Health Sciences & Human Services Library (HS/HSL) was founded in 1813 from the collection of Doctor John Crawford, a former British naval surgeon. Dr. Crawford's initial donation of books remains within the library's Historical Collections department as the Crawford Collection (comprising some 569 items). The fir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=502887 | 649,465 |
208,446 | Three years later, Carney, now a lieutenant colonel, was again picked for a high-risk, clandestine, special operation mission two days in advance of the US-led invasion of Grenada. Carey was the ranking officer of a team of Air Force Combat Controllers and Navy SEALs tasked with conducting a reconnaissance of a new air... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17549821 | 208,339 |
748,794 | With an ACO algorithm, the shortest path in a graph, between two points A and B, is built from a combination of several paths. It is not easy to give a precise definition of what algorithm is or is not an ant colony, because the definition may vary according to the authors and uses. Broadly speaking, ant colony algorit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=588615 | 748,396 |
266,358 | He wrote on the medicine of Galen, referring to the translations of Avicenna. He believed that the medicine of Galen belonged to an ancient tradition passed through Caldeans, Greeks and Arabs. Although he provided a negative image of Hermes Trismegistus, his work was influenced by the Renaissance Hermetic thought. Baco... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25879 | 266,214 |
20,731 | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the "Red Wing", framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=852 | 20,722 |
354,380 | The Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987, set strict regulations on chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and bromofluorocarbons due to their ozone damaging potential (ODP). The high stability which suited them to their original applications also meant that they were not decomposing until they reached higher altitudes, where liberat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17481271 | 354,197 |
757,763 | From the 1940s onward, improvements in technology allowed the US and the rest of Europe to adopt systems using progressively higher line-scan frequencies and more radio signal bandwidth to produce higher line counts at the same frame rate, thus achieving better picture quality. However the fundamentals of interlaced sc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56189 | 757,359 |
521,802 | Di Grassi attempted to pass Félix da Costa on lap 16. He moved in front, as both cars made contact, causing them to spear into the wall. The stewards investigated the collision and took no action against di Grassi. The incident prompted the activation of the full course yellow procedure. Most drivers, including Buemi, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45532368 | 521,530 |
1,164,287 | The WUI was the fastest-growing land use type in the United States between 1990 and 2010. Factors include geographic population shifts, expansion of cities and suburbs into wildlands, and vegetative growth into formerly unvegetated land. The primary cause has been migration. Of new WUI areas, 97% were the result of new... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23607308 | 1,163,670 |
1,805,665 | Considerable information has accumulated covering a large number of spaceflight and HS experiments that span a time frame of ~4 to 22 days for spaceflight and from 1 to 56 days for HS. These experiments have primarily focused on extensor muscles used extensively for postural support and locomotor activity. The review b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39377992 | 1,804,649 |
968,756 | In Sweden there is a growing interest in open publication and the sharing of educational resources but the pace of development is still slow. There are many questions to be dealt with in this area; for universities, academic management and teaching staff. Teachers in all educational sectors require support and guidance... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1584544 | 968,246 |
743,592 | Besides cost, SBSP also introduces several technological hurdles, including the problem of transmitting energy from orbit. Since wires extending from Earth's surface to an orbiting satellite are not feasible with current technology, SBSP designs generally include the wireless power transmission with its concomitant con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6757017 | 743,198 |
83,765 | Nothing is known about Hypatia's mother, who is never mentioned in any of the extant sources. Theon dedicates his commentary on Book IV of Ptolemy's "Almagest" to an individual named Epiphanius, addressing him as "my dear son", indicating that he may have been Hypatia's brother, but the Greek word Theon uses ("teknon")... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38375 | 83,731 |
1,592,410 | As in the rest of South America, a combination of external and internal tectonic, volcanic, and glacial forces over the eons formed Colombia's present-day geology. Island-like outcrops of metamorphic rocks in the eastern Llanos are visible remnants of Precambrian times. During the 289-million-year-long Paleozoic Era, w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14046076 | 1,591,513 |
898,120 | The GA16DE is a engine produced from November 1990 through 1999. All GA16DEs have sixteen valves and a DOHC head. There are three versions: the North-American first-generation (1991–94) NVCS (VTC), which produces at 6000 rpm and at 4000 rpm, the North-American second-generation (1995-1999) NVCS (VTC), which produces at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1030928 | 897,646 |
1,588,705 | Stephanids are noted for their ocellar corona, a semicircular to circular set of projections around the middle ocellus, forming a "crown" on the head. Only stephanids and the similarly old Hymenoptera family Orussidae have ocellar coronae, and it is uncertain if they developed the structure separately or if a common an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5675249 | 1,587,811 |
2,108,003 | He visited the Harvard College Observatory in 1929, and accepted a professorship there. However, rector Sem Sæland of the University of Oslo saw this as a great loss, as Rosseland already had become an internationally renowned scientist at the time. Sæland coordinated a political effort in which Rosseland was offered t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59676605 | 2,106,789 |
816,101 | Wilkins gave specific calculations for the expected reflectivity of an aircraft. The received signal would be only 10 times as strong as the transmitted one, but such sensitivity was considered to be within the state of the art. To reach this goal, a further improvement in receiver sensitivity of two times was assumed.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=382754 | 815,665 |
1,204,820 | CSA has three pillars: increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience to climate change; and reducing or removing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. CSA lists different actions to counter the future challenges for crops and plants. With respect to rising temperatures and heat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61366668 | 1,204,175 |
1,648,880 | From outer space, ultra-high-energy cosmic rays reach Earth. These consist of single sub-atomic particles (protons or atomic nuclei), each with energy levels beyond 10 eV. When such a single particle reaches Earth atmosphere, it has its energy dissipated by creating billions of other particles: electrons, photons and m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1950415 | 1,647,948 |
232,968 | Russia had occupied the Chinese region of [[Manchuria]] in the aftermath of the 1900 [[Boxer Rebellion]], and the United States, Japan, and Britain all sought the end of its military presence in the region. Russia agreed to withdraw its forces in 1902, but it reneged on this promise and sought to expand its influence i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3520221 | 232,849 |
10,039 | Patterson approved the acquisition of the site on 25 November 1942, authorizing $440,000 for the purchase of the site of , all but of which were already owned by the Federal Government. Secretary of Agriculture Claude R. Wickard granted use of some of United States Forest Service land to the War Department "for so long... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19603 | 10,035 |
516,371 | In the late 1970s, Levitin consulted for M&K Sound as an expert listener assisting in the design of the first commercial satellite and subwoofer loudspeaker systems, an early version of which was used by Steely Dan for mixing their album "Pretzel Logic" (1974). Following that, he worked at A Broun Sound in San Rafael, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2749117 | 516,102 |
1,557,679 | The retention of functional lower tusks is, however, not seen in juveniles of otherwise single paired tuskers, so cannot be considered a paedomorphic feature proper. It is simply a retention of a primitive character, as seen in the African elephantid genera "Primelephas" and "Stegotetrabelodon", and possibly the earlie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21177187 | 1,556,794 |
1,528,170 | The rationality behind Bush's decision to start a war on terrorism comes in four parts. First it was implemented as a preventive war, and as an excuse to act pre-emptively. Second, it was based on unilateralism, although where necessary, Bush attempted to enlist support from the international community. Third, there wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19455353 | 1,527,306 |
957,531 | In mid-1946, the Council of Ministers ordered the development of a MiG-9 with afterburning versions of the RD-20, based on the BMW 003S engine. These engines had a maximum power of and were intended to increase the aircraft's speed to at sea level and at . The OKB was directed to build two prototypes, with a gun replac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=304224 | 957,025 |
999,314 | The chemical equation consists of reactants and products that may react in either direction. More reactants added to a system yield more product production (the chemical reaction shifts to the right) and if more product is added, additional reactants will form, shifting the chemical reaction to the left. Therefore, in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=529019 | 998,796 |
472,212 | The technical sophistication required to make modern video games and the high expectations of players (at least, in terms of the number and quality of voice-overs and increasing graphical fidelity) make it difficult for independent developers to impress audiences to the same degree that large game makers with extensive... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32408640 | 471,976 |
1,966,012 | Ceanothus cordulatus is a species of shrub in the family Rhamnaceae known by the common names mountain whitethorn and whitethorn ceanothus. It is native to California and adjacent sections of Oregon, Nevada, and Baja California, where it grows on mountain ridges and other forested areas. This is a spreading shrub growi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21523925 | 1,964,883 |
688,594 | He worked on the Milam Residence, which was designed and constructed between 1959 and 1961. It still stands today on Florida's eastern coast, outside Jacksonville. Here, the only dimensional control was the size of standard concrete blocks that were used (8 x 8 x 16 in), fair-faced, for structural and partition walls a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1706986 | 688,236 |
1,815,745 | During the COVID-19 pandemic Cherry looked to identify novel therapeutic strategies, making use of her extensive small molecule library to identify chemical compounds that are active against SARS-CoV-2. She has investigated remdesivir, an antiviral that was developed for the Ebola virus disease, and chloroquine, an ant... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63549495 | 1,814,711 |
395,934 | At peak production, Colt's manufacturing capacity was approximately 333,000 units per year. The M16 continues to benefit from every advance in the CNC field, which allows more and more small manufacturers to mass-produce M16s and semi-automatic AR-15 type rifles. The M16's aluminum lower receivers may be forged or cast... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2471637 | 395,739 |
734,847 | "The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Major (Air Service) Carl Andrew Spatz (ASN: 0–3706), United States Army Air Service, for extraordinary heroism in action while serving with 13th Aero Squadron, U.S... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=344642 | 734,460 |
760,430 | Animal sourced materials include both animal manures and residues from the slaughter of animals. Manures are derived from milk-producing dairy animals, egg-producing poultry, and animals raised for meat and hide production, or sport and recreation. Manure is an abundant resource with estimations for cattle manure in th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2413296 | 760,024 |
1,513,499 | The Clinical Care Classification System was developed from a research study conducted by Dr. Virginia K. Saba and a research team through a contract with the Health Care Financing Agency (HCFA), currently known as the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The objective was to develop a computerized method f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31874573 | 1,512,648 |
2,120,743 | An internal glucose sensor, measuring at 38 mm across and 16 mm thick. The implant consists of an integrated glucose sensor with signal conditioning circuits, a wireless communications circuit, and a 1-year lifetime battery, all housed in a hermetically sealed (airtight) titanium housing. The sensor is surgically impla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48223858 | 2,119,524 |
1,636,077 | muscle receptor organ (TCMRO) of a crab. They function in a modulatory role by helping to establish posture and directional behavior. This was intensely modeled in the crustacean and in insects showing how appendages are oriented via these nonspiking neural pathways. Amacrine cells are another major type of non-spiking... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33244792 | 1,635,152 |
1,708,399 | In 1906, Lee de Forest invented the triode electronic valve. In 1915 he invented the first vacuum tube instrument, the audio piano. Until the invention of the transistor, the vacuum tube was an essential component in electric instruments. In 1935, the Hammond organ was introduced, exploiting previous limited production... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56945879 | 1,707,441 |
171,197 | Prognosis depends on the condition itself. Some conditions such as MS depend on the subtype of the disease and various attributes of the patient such as age, sex, initial symptoms, and the degree of disability the patient experiences. Life expectancy in MS patients is 5 to 10 years lower than unaffected people. MS is a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=768133 | 171,107 |
329,240 | On December 4, 1970, the twisted nematic field effect (TN) in liquid crystals was filed for patent by Hoffmann-LaRoche in Switzerland, (Swiss patent No. 532 261) with Wolfgang Helfrich and Martin Schadt (then working for the Central Research Laboratories) listed as inventors. Hoffmann-La Roche licensed the invention to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17932 | 329,065 |
19,456 | For Descartes, ethics was a science, the highest and most perfect of them. Like the rest of the sciences, ethics had its roots in metaphysics. In this way, he argues for the existence of God, investigates the place of man in nature, formulates the theory of mind–body dualism, and defends free will. However, as he was a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25525 | 19,448 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.