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657,875 | Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, FRS (, ; 25 August 1900 – 22 November 1981) was a German-born British biologist, physician and biochemist. He was a pioneer scientist in the study of cellular respiration, a biochemical process in living cells that extracts energy from food and oxygen and makes it available to drive the processes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=169025 | 657,531 |
1,501,582 | “Max Bazerman has had an important impact over many years in the area of decision making in organizations," wrote the award committee that granted Bazerman the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Organizational Behavior Division of the Academy of Management. "Even more impactful, however, is his research on negotiation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27694333 | 1,500,736 |
754,757 | The advantages of Suzuki coupling over other similar reactions include availability of common boronic acids, mild reaction conditions, and its less toxic nature. Boronic acids are less toxic and safer for the environment than organotin and organozinc compounds. It is easy to remove the inorganic by-products from the re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1224079 | 754,354 |
1,145,610 | It is now widely accepted that atherosclerosis is a result of cellular and molecular events characteristic of inflammation. Vascular inflammation can be caused by upregulation of Ang-II, which is produced locally by inflamed vessels and induces synthesis and secretion of IL-6, a cytokine responsible for induction of an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11849160 | 1,145,009 |
1,346,237 | The scientists at Aldermaston had created a design incorporating staging, radiation implosion, and compression, but they had not mastered the design of thermonuclear weapons. Knowing that much of the yield of American and Soviet bombs came from fission in the uranium-238 tamper, they had focused on what they called the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52018264 | 1,345,496 |
870,925 | Citywide compressed air energy systems have been built since 1870. Cities such as Paris, France; Birmingham, England; Dresden, Rixdorf and Offenbach, Germany and Buenos Aires, Argentina installed such systems. Victor P (opp constructed the first systems to power clocks by sending a pulse of air every minute to change t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=436418 | 870,465 |
393,633 | In 2001, AI founder Marvin Minsky asked "So the question is why didn't we get HAL in 2001?" Minsky believed that the answer is that the central problems, like commonsense reasoning, were being neglected, while most researchers pursued things like commercial applications of neural nets or genetic algorithms. John McCart... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2894560 | 393,438 |
862,530 | VEGF-A production can be induced in a cell that is not receiving enough oxygen. When a cell is deficient in oxygen, it produces HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor, a transcription factor. HIF stimulates the release of VEGF-A, among other functions (including modulation of erythropoiesis). Circulating VEGF-A then binds to VE... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1858534 | 862,070 |
1,912,698 | Born on July 31, 1959 and raised in Wei County, Handan, Hebei, China, Yang attended Beijing Agricultural University (currently China Agricultural University). Upon graduation, he took the entrance exam for graduate study and ranked number one among all applicants in his field. He was therefore awarded a prestigious sch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21442605 | 1,911,599 |
801,688 | As mentioned, especially for hydrogen/deuterium substitution, most kinetic isotope effects arise from the difference in zero-point energy (ZPE) between the reactants and the transition state of the isotopologues in question, and this difference can be understood qualitatively with the following description: within the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1106771 | 801,260 |
1,116,810 | In a 2013 Master's thesis (summarized in a published paper by different authors in 2019), paleontologist Carolyn Gale Levitt histologically studied the long bones of "Kosmoceratops" (femora of the adult holotype and the assigned subadult or adult UMNH VP 21339) and "Utahceratops" to examine indicators of growth and mat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28916285 | 1,116,237 |
157,598 | Diffusing capacity (or DLCO) is the carbon monoxide uptake from a single inspiration in a standard time (usually 10 seconds). During the test the person inhales a test gas mixture that consisting of regular air that includes an inert tracer gas and CO, less than one percent. Since hemoglobin has a greater affinity to C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=634060 | 157,526 |
1,038,855 | The key to the success of the complement system in clearing antigens is regulating the effects of C3b to pathogens alone and not healthy, host cells. This is done through several different mechanisms. One mechanism, mentioned above, is the stabilization of the C3bBb convertase by properdin preferentially on microbial s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10406621 | 1,038,314 |
1,079,989 | A small fraction of electrons leave the electron transport chain before reaching complex IV. Premature electron leakage to oxygen results in the formation of superoxide. The relevance of this otherwise minor side reaction is that superoxide and other reactive oxygen species are highly toxic and are thought to play a ro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=96918 | 1,079,434 |
1,960,572 | Feldman used nitrosoguanidine as a mutagen and used race tubes to screen individual strains surviving the mutagenesis for their circadian period length. Race tubes are long hollow glass tubes bent at either end to hold an agar growth medium. When "Neurospora" is inoculated at one end of a tube it will grow to the other... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39055192 | 1,959,445 |
1,916,798 | Shaw designed and built exhibits. He did engineering for the music and performing arts programs and worked with many of the Artists-in-residence, technically supporting their efforts to extend their visions and turn their sometimes wild ideas into successful exhibits. For example, he helped design hexagonal stepping st... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16281622 | 1,915,699 |
161,005 | Rationality is important for solving all kinds of problems in order to efficiently reach one's goal. It is relevant for and discussed in many disciplines. In ethics, one question is whether one can be rational without being moral at the same time. Psychology is interested in how psychological processes implement ration... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61032 | 160,920 |
559,712 | Academies and societies served to disseminate Enlightenment science by publishing the scientific works of their members, as well as their proceedings. At the beginning of the 18th century, the "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society", published by the Royal Society of London, was the only scientific periodical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17912788 | 559,423 |
278,554 | During the Apartheid era in South Africa, non-white persons and citizens were not given equal opportunities in the medical professions. At Groote Schuur Hospital, Hamilton Naki was an informally taught surgeon. He started out as a gardener and cleaner. One day he was asked to help out with an experiment on a giraffe. F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7015 | 278,404 |
1,403,125 | A-GMV's concept is to provide flexibility for entry operations in permissive and non-permissive environments ‘to counter threat anti-access strategies by using multiple austere entry points via air-drop, air-land, and/or air-insertion to bring in combat configured units." The Army said it plans to develop GMV to fulfil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43598546 | 1,402,338 |
1,434,846 | This joint relationship was formalized as the new Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics on July 1, 1973. George B. Field, then affiliated with Berkeley, was appointed as its first director. That same year, a new astronomical journal, the "CfA Preprint Series" was created, and a CfA/SAO instrument flying aboard Sk... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1505128 | 1,434,040 |
102,402 | After successfully obtaining a "drs.", "ir." or "mr." degree, a student has the opportunity to follow a promotion study (informally called PhD) to eventually obtain a doctorate and subsequently the title "doctor". Promotion studies are structured ideally according to a preset time schedule of 4 to 6 years, during which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=167241 | 102,357 |
483,612 | In 1981, a NASA scientist contacted Clark, proposing to develop a proof of concept electric-powered crewed helicopter. OHA had a hurricane-damaged former Marine Corps HO5S-1 in storage, and using NASA funds, the aircraft was rebuilt with four salvaged electric starter motors from disused turboshaft engines along with f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17438080 | 483,365 |
958,286 | The governance was modelled on the provincial University of Toronto Act of 1906 which established a bicameral system of university government consisting of a senate (faculty), responsible for academic policy, and a board of governors (citizens) exercising exclusive control over financial policy and having formal author... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=267686 | 957,780 |
804,656 | In the late 1920s, American paleontologist William King Gregory also accepted that "Australopithecus" was part of the human family tree. Employed by the American Museum of Natural History in New York, Gregory supported Charles Darwin and Thomas Henry Huxley's then-unpopular view that humans were closely related to Afri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1767352 | 804,227 |
1,930,532 | As the neutron stars undergo accretion, the density in the crust increases, passing the electron capture threshold. As the electron capture threshold (formula_3 g cm) is exceeded, it allows for the formation of light nuclei from the process of double electron capture (<chem>^40Mg + 2e -> ^34Ne + 6n + </chem>), forming ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=71465792 | 1,929,425 |
1,512,439 | Tolerogenic DCs often display an immature or semi-mature phenotype with characteristically low expression of costimulatory (e.g. CD80, CD86) and MHC molecules on their surface. Tolerogenic DCs also produce different cytokines as mature DCs (e.g. anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth facto... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57038447 | 1,511,588 |
1,516,991 | During the first years, things went quite well. Besides offering usual supply goods, the post supported the Inuit in general, and gave, as far as possible, medical assistance. Thus, it became a meeting point that allowed Inuit from distant camps to exchange news as well. In December 1929, twenty-two Inuit families were... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=303345 | 1,516,139 |
787,001 | Cocaine is one of the more common stimulants and is a complex drug that interacts with various neurotransmitter systems. It commonly causes heightened alertness, increased confidence, feelings of exhilaration, reduced fatigue, and a generalized sense of well-being. The effects of cocaine are similar to those of ampheta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45621 | 786,578 |
903,837 | Eccentric strengthening exercises of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are utilized to improve the tensile strength of the tendon and lengthen the musculotendinous junction, decreasing the amount of strain experienced with ankle joint movements. This eccentric training method is especially important for individuals ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1002659 | 903,361 |
708,420 | Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy has similarities to other confocal laser microscopy techniques such as laser scanning confocal microscopy and Raman microscopy. These techniques use focused laser beams scanned in a raster pattern to generate images, and both have an optical sectioning effect. Unlike confoc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2105059 | 708,051 |
1,277,973 | Jennifer Berman of THEM Anime Reviews rated the anime adaptation of "Twin Spica" five out of five stars but told readers, "Subtract a star if you don't like anime that have a somewhat slow pace." Berman praised its artistic design and noted that the character designs reminded her of works by Studio Ghibli. She found th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4551091 | 1,277,280 |
1,165,808 | The design of many clinical trials includes some strategy for early stopping if an interim analysis reveals large differences between treatment groups, or shows obvious futility such that there is no chance that continuing to the end would show a clinically meaningful effect. In addition to saving time and resources, s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5374327 | 1,165,191 |
2,200,114 | Cytoplasmic ribosomes, organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14761350 | 2,198,862 |
641,058 | From the Cape they entered the Southern Ocean. Their first stop was the Crozet Islands where they set down on Possession Island to deliver coffee to sealers. They departed for the Kerguelen Islands where they would spend several days. Hooker identified 18 flowering plants, 35 mosses and liverworts, 25 lichens and 51 al... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=364723 | 640,719 |
338,114 | Si single-junction solar cells have been widely studied for decades and are reaching their practical efficiency of ~26% under 1-sun conditions. Increasing this efficiency may require adding more cells with bandgap energy larger than 1.1 eV to the Si cell, allowing to convert short-wavelength photons for generation of a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2352910 | 337,934 |
467,767 | In mid-1968, at the facility KIP-10 or NIP-10 (КИП-10 or НИП-10) in the closed town , near Simferopol, Crimea, a lunodrom (лунодром - Moondrome) was built. It covered an area of one hectare (120 meters by 70 meters) and was very similar to some parts of the lunar surface. It was constructed using more than 3,000 cubic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45114 | 467,532 |
361,992 | U by itself is not particularly harmful, but quickly decays to produce the strong gamma emitter Tl. (Th follows the same decay chain, but its much longer half-life means that the quantities of Tl produced are negligible.) These impurities of U make U easy to detect and dangerous to work on, and the impracticality of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30044 | 361,802 |
2,075,742 | DPT is implemented as two counter-rotating rings. This means the network is composed of two completely separate rings of fiber that are both able to transmit data concurrently. This design provides for redundancy in case of a fiber cut or link failure, and increased throughput in common situations. DPT as opposed to PO... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5778780 | 2,074,545 |
544,307 | Shadlen and Movshon, raise a series of doubts about both the theoretical and the empirical basis for the idea of segregational binding by temporal synchrony. There is no biophysical evidence that cortical neurons are selective to synchronous input at this point of precision and cortical activity with synchrony this pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=941613 | 544,025 |
1,633,414 | The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor has been shown to activate NF-κB and MAPK8/JNK, and induce cell apoptosis. Through its death domain, this receptor interacts with TRADD protein, which is known to serve as an adaptor that mediates signal transduction of TNF-rece... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15214773 | 1,632,492 |
1,050,091 | "Discovery's" payload bay doors were closed at 14:13 UTC, and the crew began fluid loading at 16:00 UTC. Fluid loading is a procedure that involves drinking high salt content fluids, which allows the astronauts to adjust to the return to gravity, and reduces the chance of hypotension upon returning to Earth. Shortly af... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2445038 | 1,049,545 |
905,699 | In August 2006, China announced plans to spend 800 million yuan (US$100 million) over the next 10 years to study natural gas hydrates. A potentially economic reserve in the Gulf of Mexico may contain approximately of gas. Bjørn Kvamme and Arne Graue at the Institute for Physics and technology at the University of Berge... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54137 | 905,223 |
2,160,997 | Defective function of the ACOX1 enzyme prevents proper breakdown of these VLCFAs, leading to accumulation and interference with the nervous system. Acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency affects a person from birth, and most newborns affected with this condition will not survive past early childhood. Affected individuals can be b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58817726 | 2,159,764 |
565,693 | The closing ceremony of the Games was held on 26 August at The Float@Marina Bay. The show began proper at 8pm Singapore time with youths, cheerleaders and the YOG mascots Lyo and Merly dancing to a medley of "Fame" and "Fight for This Love". Following the arrival of IOC President Jacques Rogge and Prime Minister of Sin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13765908 | 565,403 |
447,367 | Penn State answered with a long drive from its own 20, aided by a pair of Buckeye penalties after the defense had apparently killed the drive. But the Bucks stopped PSU at the 1, directly in front of the student section, and the Lion offensive line moved before the snap on a 4th-and-goal attempt. After the penalty Penn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6332534 | 447,150 |
996,847 | Different organisms such as bacteria, plants, fungi, and animals, show genetically based near-24-hour rhythms. Although all of these clocks appear to be based on a similar type of genetic feedback loop, the specific genes involved are thought to have evolved independently in each kingdom. Many aspects of mammalian beha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=608162 | 996,329 |
537,942 | On June 16, 2021, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment released a conversation dialog with representatives from the NNSA. Five out of 60,000 fuel rods (0.01%) in reactor core 1 were estimated to be suffering from cladding defects. The ratio was well within design maximum fault rate of 0.25%. CGN stated there had bee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29863182 | 537,663 |
2,107,334 | Though disappointed at the runner-up finish, Minnesota did receive the second western seed for the NCAA Tournament and were advanced into the second round. Their first game came against conference-rival Colorado College. The Tigers got on the board first, but the Gophers got the next three goals. CC closed the gap just... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69916610 | 2,106,121 |
1,293 | Released in January 2007, the next version of Windows, Vista, focused on features, security and a redesigned user interface dubbed Aero. Microsoft Office 2007, released at the same time, featured a "Ribbon" user interface which was a significant departure from its predecessors. Relatively strong sales of both products ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19001 | 1,293 |
1,022,837 | The human single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map has revealed large regional variations in heterozygosity, more so than can be explained on the basis of (Poisson-distributed) random chance. In part, these variations could be explained on the basis of assessment methods, the availability of genomic sequences, and poss... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3441831 | 1,022,307 |
1,851,742 | Evidence-based practice describes a healthcare system in which evidence from published studies, often mediated by systematic reviews or processed into medical guidelines is incorporated into clinical practice. The flow of information is one way; from research to practice. However many interventions by health systems an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23244650 | 1,850,681 |
26,083 | In 1948, the point-contact transistor was independently invented by German physicists Herbert Mataré and Heinrich Welker while working at the "Compagnie des Freins et Signaux Westinghouse", a Westinghouse subsidiary located in Paris. Mataré had previous experience in developing crystal rectifiers from silicon and germa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30011 | 26,074 |
1,953,618 | Parry O'Brien had held the world record for three years. In that time he had added a meter and a quarter to the previous record, including the current world record he had set just two months earlier. He was also the defending champion. On his first throw of the competition, he improved upon his own Olympic record with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10676664 | 1,952,497 |
1,943,639 | In the 1986 World Figure Skating Championships in Geneva, figure skater Brian Orser was the favorite to earn what would have been his first world title though ultimately did not because of a suboptimal performance. After the championship, Orser contacted Jensen, asking Jensen to be his sports psychologist. Jensen helpe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6898069 | 1,942,527 |
402,791 | There is debate about whether the rise in IQ scores also corresponds to a rise in general intelligence, or only a rise in special skills related to taking IQ tests. Because children attend school longer now and have become much more familiar with the testing of school-related material, one might expect the greatest gai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11773 | 402,591 |
635,665 | It displaced in its original form as used by the 48-215 (1948). It developed 60 brake horsepower (45 kW). This engine remained in production for eight years - until the release of the FE series in 1956. At that point, power was increased to 72hp (53kW) by an increase in the compression ratio to 6.8:1. Holden replaced t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16328785 | 635,326 |
165,076 | "M. pruriens" is a widespread fodder plant in the tropics. To that end, the whole plant is fed to animals as silage, dried hay or dried seeds. "M. pruriens" silage contains 11–23% crude protein, 35–40% crude fiber, and the dried beans 20–35% crude protein. It also has use in the countries of Benin and Vietnam as a biol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3242914 | 164,991 |
1,327,407 | Charles Kittel was born in New York City in 1916. He studied at the University of Cambridge, England, where he obtained his Bachelor of Arts (BA) in 1938. He published his thesis, under Gregory Breit, in 1941 at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) between 1945 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13033250 | 1,326,680 |
1,349,071 | A year later, in 1987, the Board of Trustees approved an extensive Five-Point Plan. This plan involved changing the school's name to Capitol College, developing new curricula in electrical engineering and telecommunications, creating student housing on campus, and moving from a quarter system to a semester system. In J... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1215630 | 1,348,325 |
521,238 | Most species are considered weeds, typically by agricultural interests. "Cirsium vulgare" (bull thistle, common thistle, or spear thistle) is listed as a noxious weed in nine US states. Some species in particular are cultivated in gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=424725 | 520,967 |
521,057 | A variety of mechanisms are employed by plants in order to achieve these fast movements. Extremely fast movements such as the explosive spore dispersal techniques of "Sphagnum" mosses may involve increasing internal pressure via dehydration, causing a sudden propulsion of spores up or through the rapid opening of the "... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1606245 | 520,786 |
391,576 | The descent stage's primary job was to support a powered landing and surface extravehicular activity. When the excursion was over, it served as the launch pad for the ascent stage. Its octagonal shape was supported by four folding landing gear legs, and contained a throttleable Descent Propulsion System (DPS) engine wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=151932 | 391,381 |
224,560 | The rise of Islam in the seventh century had also caused some consideration of the use of holy images. Early Islamic belief stressed the impropriety of iconic representation. Earlier scholarship tried to link Byzantine Iconoclasm directly to Islam by arguing that Byzantine emperors saw the success of the early Caliphat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9790552 | 224,446 |
1,251,738 | Computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) is an Internet surveying technique in which the interviewee follows a script provided in a website. The questionnaires are made in a program for creating web interviews. The program allows for the questionnaire to contain pictures, audio and video clips, links to different web ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10428817 | 1,251,060 |
884,120 | Human enhancement technologies can impact human identity by affecting one's self-conception. The argument does not necessarily come from the idea of improving the individual but rather changing who they are and becoming someone new. Altering an individual identity affects their personal story, development and mental ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3877892 | 883,656 |
1,914,533 | U.S. swimmer Dana Vollmer demolished a new world record to clear a 56-second barrier and to claim the Olympic title in the event for the first time since Amy Van Dyken did so in 1996. She touched third at the initial length, but powered home with a back-half strategy on the final stretch to capture the gold in 55.98, t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34236445 | 1,913,434 |
426,793 | The project was formally named the British Naval Ballistic Missile System. The Board of the Admiralty met on 24 December 1962 and decided to adopt Le Fanu's proposal that a special organisation be created to manage the project. It did not create a replica of SPO, however, but a smaller administrative and organisational... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35942972 | 426,584 |
236,897 | The contact and Alex pump a new "Bloodtox" biological agent underground in order to drive the virus above ground where it can be fought directly, causing Greene to emerge, encased in a towering monstrosity. Greene falls from the monster in human form once she is defeated, and is consumed by Alex. Through her memories, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12374528 | 236,778 |
1,695,874 | Interval and quality of exercise also affect hormonal response. Sessions of moderate to high intensity with multiple sets and short time intervals, during which energy is derived from glycolytic lactate metabolism, appear to be the greatest stimulus for steroid hormone response. Hormonal response in young men varies wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53670711 | 1,694,921 |
1,554,897 | To know the extent of the disease and the required needs of an individual diagnosed with L1 syndrome, some tests are recommended, including: Head imaging study, Complete neurologic evaluation, Developmental evaluation, Evaluation for Hirschsprung disease if there is a history of constipation, Consultation with a clinic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48168760 | 1,554,014 |
10,940 | Since the release of non benzodiazepines in 1992 in response to safety concerns, individuals with insomnia and other sleep disorders have increasingly been prescribed nonbenzodiazepines (2.3% in 1993 to 13.7% of Americans in 2010), less often prescribed benzodiazepines (23.5% in 1993 to 10.8% in 2010). It is not clear ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4781 | 10,935 |
572,384 | Edson de Castro was the chief engineer in charge of the PDP-8, DEC's line of inexpensive computers that created the minicomputer market. It was designed specifically to be used in laboratory equipment settings; as the technology improved, it was reduced in size to fit into a 19-inch rack. Many PDP-8s still operated dec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=157959 | 572,091 |
1,667,575 | Recovering stereo vision as far as possible has long been established as an approach to the therapeutic treatment of stereoblind patients. Treatment aims to recover stereo vision in very young children, as well as in patients who had acquired but lost their ability for stereopsis due to a medical condition. In contrast... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40018674 | 1,666,636 |
2,160,288 | Experimental evolution studies are a means of testing evolutionary theory under carefully designed, reproducible experiments. Given enough time, space, and money, any organism could be used for experimental evolution studies. However, those with rapid generation times, high mutation rates, large population sizes, and s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25229078 | 2,159,056 |
874,620 | In April 2007, NATO's European allies called for a NATO missile defense system which would complement the American national missile defense system to protect Europe from missile attacks and NATO's decision-making North Atlantic Council held consultations on missile defense in the first meeting on the topic at such a se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35439977 | 874,158 |
46,907 | The first nuclear power plant was built in the 1950s. The global installed nuclear capacity grew to 100GW in the late 1970s, and then expanded rapidly during the 1980s, reaching 300GW by 1990. The 1979 Three Mile Island accident in the United States and the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in the Soviet Union resulted in increa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22153 | 46,889 |
1,774,101 | The master plan for the school's physical growth and development—created in 1912 and significantly revised in 1952, 1965, and 1991—saw two further revisions under Clough's guidance in 1997 and 2002. While Clough was in office, around $1 billion was spent on expanding and improving the campus. These projects include the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8753550 | 1,773,104 |
1,379,901 | Tropical marine refugiums often contain live rock and live sand, macroalgae, and sometimes scavenger microfauna such as micro brittle stars, tiny sea stars such as "Asterina", snails, and worms. To achieve maximum biological filtration through uptake of nutrients by macroalgae/mangroves, strong lighting is often utiliz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9819204 | 1,379,139 |
1,513,252 | Naomi Weisstein (October 16, 1939 – March 26, 2015) was an American cognitive psychologist, neuroscientist, author and professor of psychology. Weisstein's main area of work was based in social psychology and cognitive neuroscience. She considered herself a radical feminist and used comedy and rock music as a way to di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61737250 | 1,512,401 |
1,795,180 | Perhaps 3 billion years ago in Precambrian time, sand, limey ooze, silt and clay were deposited in a marine trough (accurate dating is not possible, due to subsequent partial recrystallization of the resulting rock). Between these layers were volcanic deposits, probably from an island arc. These sediments were later li... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=768815 | 1,794,171 |
757,653 | Raymond L. Fitz Hall, previously named the College Park Center was originally owned by NCR, but bought by Dayton around 2005. Raymond L. Fitz Hall is home to numerous University departments, programs, and offices. These include: the Department of Art and Design, art gallery space, Brown Street Bistro, Center for Cathol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=454830 | 757,249 |
1,276,924 | Being the two wave functions equivalent apart for an overall phase, they lead to the same physical predictions, which implies that there are no problems in this situation, when the gravitational field has always a well-defined value. However, if the space–time metric is not well defined, then we will be in a situation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64215003 | 1,276,231 |
162,253 | One debate concerns the performance of firms in the Lancashire cotton textile industry. Often seen as the "leading sector" that propelled "economic take-off" of industrialisation, by 1890 its firms appeared relatively slow to invest in and adopt recent technological developments and demonstrated low levels of relative ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33643110 | 162,168 |
1,619,781 | The phage group started around 1940, after Delbrück and Luria had met at a physics conference. Delbrück and Salvador Luria began a series of collaborative experiments on the patterns of infection for different strains of bacteria and bacteriophage. They soon established the "mutual exclusion principle" that an individu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11064134 | 1,618,866 |
76,838 | In 1931 the Colt Arms Co. introduced the Monitor Automatic Machine Rifle (R 80), intended primarily for use by prison guards and law-enforcement agencies. Intended for use as a shoulder-fired automatic rifle, the Monitor omitted the bipod, instead featuring a separate pistol grip and butt stock attached to a lightweigh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=378838 | 76,809 |
718,075 | New ideas upon the working and functioning of the human body emerged during the Renaissance as anatomists and physicians challenged the previously known theories. These spread with the implementation of the printed word, the result of Gutenberg's printing press in the 15th century. Allied with this was a large increase... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1118651 | 717,696 |
1,690,711 | In 1949, he developed his arc centered stereotactic frame based on A polar coordinate system. In 1951, using the Uppsala University cyclotron, Leksell and the physicist and radiobiologist Borje Larsson, developed the concept of radiosurgery. Leksell and Larsson first employed proton beams coming from several directions... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1168881 | 1,689,764 |
419,357 | Andexanet alfa is a biologic agent, a recombinant modified version of human activated factor X (FXa). Andexanet alfa differs from native FXa due to the removal of a 34 residue fragment that contains the Gla domain. This modification reduces andexanet alfa's procoagulant potential. Additionally, a serine to alanine (S41... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38707323 | 419,152 |
587,652 | Detail in other colors, Including white or red, were applied at this point. The relief line was probably drawn with a bristle brush or a hair, dipped in thick paint. (The suggestion that a hollow needle could account for such features seems somewhat unlikely.) The application of relief outlines was necessary, as the ra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1457406 | 587,351 |
1,527,319 | The aethalometer was commercialized in 1986 and an improved version patented in 1988. Its earliest uses were in geophysical research at remote locations, using black carbon as a tracer of the long-range transport of air pollution from industrialized source areas to remote receptor regions. In the 1990s, increasing conc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40215556 | 1,526,455 |
452,177 | Some Kepler data is taken at one minute sampling, though inevitably with lower accuracy. Using this data, on a smaller sample of stars, reveals flares that are too brief for reliable detection with 30-min integrations, allowing detection of events as low as 10 ergs, comparable with the brightest flares on the Sun. The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24728109 | 451,958 |
684,678 | Whether the Excellence Initiative has had a positive effect is currently a matter of debate. A report by the WZB Berlin Social Science Centre indicates that the program failed to create more diverse education options and produced little in the way of lasting change. Additionally, the Goethe Institut claims that an addi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15972703 | 684,321 |
2,121,952 | Pitts' research formed the basis for California's air quality laws. According to the chair of the Air Resources Board, Mary Nichols, "Jim Pitts was probably the single person most responsible for the understanding of what strategies we need to clean up Southern California's air...He was able to explain all of this in E... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43334442 | 2,120,733 |
474,920 | Despite the general importance and religious significance attached to astronomy in the Holy Land, no notable developments in astronomy happened there. The starry heavens of the land of Israel interested the Jews as creations of God and as means to determine the holidays, but for a better knowledge of them the Jews were... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2408446 | 474,684 |
612,324 | The Bintje potato is derived from a cross between "Munstersen" and "Fransen" potato varieties. It was created in the Netherlands in the early 20th century and now is mainly cultivated in the North of France and Belgium. The oomycete "Phytophthora infestans" is responsible for the potato blight, in particular during the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1653186 | 612,013 |
1,857,053 | Scientists cannot predict changes to the climate with much certainty – but they can anticipate the likelihood that they will occur. Attenborough visits the Met Office in Exeter to learn their conclusions. Their findings include several factors, and allow for natural climate change as well as man-made carbon dioxide emi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7564445 | 1,855,985 |
2,147,691 | Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43966823 | 2,146,460 |
1,714,631 | In the early 1980s, Müller began searching for substances that would become superconductive at higher temperatures. The highest critical temperature ("T") attainable at that time was about 23 K. In 1983 Müller recruited Georg Bednorz to IBM, to help systematically test various oxides. A few recent studies had indicated... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7790420 | 1,713,664 |
128,364 | NMR has now entered the arena of real-time process control and process optimization in oil refineries and petrochemical plants. Two different types of NMR analysis are utilized to provide real time analysis of feeds and products in order to control and optimize unit operations. Time-domain NMR (TD-NMR) spectrometers op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25110709 | 128,312 |
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