doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
2,203,386 | Griffith began working for CompuServe as a database manager/information specialist in 1982, managing multiple message forums. She ran forums on political debate and religion, as well as one forum dedicated to the White House. In a 1995 "New York Times" article, Griffith was described as being "known in the on-line comm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66152650 | 2,202,132 |
348,048 | Some regions in Greece, such as Attica, Euboea, and central Crete, recovered economically from these events faster than others, but life for common Greeks would have remained relatively unchanged as it had done for centuries. There was still farming, weaving, metalworking and pottery but at a lower level of output and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=340510 | 347,866 |
1,521,596 | The stylized phantoms provided only basic information with a large degree of error. More accurate methods of simulating a human body were necessary to advance. To allow further research, the computer technology had to become more powerful and more readily available. This did not occur until the 1980s. The real breakthr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31787413 | 1,520,735 |
2,084,050 | Battery HQ and RX pulled out on 12 May and moved north; LX followed on 21 May, and the battery reunited on 31 May at 'The Piggeries' in Ploegsteert ('Plug Street'), now under the command of 29th HAG in II ANZAC Corps. Second Army was gathering artillery for the Battle of Messines After preparing and camouflaging positi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69464934 | 2,082,850 |
619,136 | Since the flown hardware was constrained with regards to weight, power consumption, storage, and computing power, some considerations had to be put into choosing an FEC, and it was decided to use a Hadamard code for Mariner 9. Each image pixel was represented as a six-bit binary value, which had 64 possible grayscale l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37449 | 618,822 |
229,660 | Initially, the basic attack flight profile was "high-high-high" at a speed of Mach 1.85, engaging targets up to a maximum radius of 3,500 km (2,175 mi). In the late 1960s, when the threat of surface-to-air missile defences made high-altitude flight too hazardous, the Mirage IVA was modified for low-altitude penetration... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=842941 | 229,543 |
708,717 | NcRNAs also target general transcription factors required for the RNAP II transcription of all genes. These general factors include components of the initiation complex that assemble on promoters or involved in transcription elongation. A ncRNA transcribed from an upstream minor promoter of the dihydrofolate reductase ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16770101 | 708,348 |
715,163 | Radiation is a moving form of energy, classified into ionizing and non-ionizing type. Ionizing radiation is further categorized into electromagnetic radiation (without matter) and particulate radiation (with matter). Electromagnetic radiation consists of photons, which can be thought of as energy packets, traveling in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48161271 | 714,789 |
55,112 | Feature detection is the ability to extract biologically relevant information from combinations of sensory signals. In the visual system, for example, sensory receptors in the retina of the eye are only individually capable of detecting "points of light" in the outside world. Second-level visual neurons receive input f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21944 | 55,089 |
381,458 | Simple point-and-shoot cameras rely almost exclusively on their built-in automation and machine intelligence for capturing images under a variety of situations and offer no manual control over their functions, a trait that makes them unsuitable for use by professionals, enthusiasts, and proficient consumers (also known... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1181109 | 381,263 |
1,227,027 | Some traditional medicines (i.e. traditional African medicine, TCM) still use animal-based substances. Since these can trigger zoonosis, a possible prevention could be changes to handbooks for practitioners of such traditional medicines (i.e. exclusion of animal-based substances). Senior adviser and veterinary epidemio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63478457 | 1,226,366 |
404,573 | Vicari et al. describe that it remains unclear whether neural circuits involved in semantic and episodic memory overlap partially or completely, and this case seems to suggest that the two systems are independent. Both of the patient's hippocampal and diencephalic structures on the right and left sides were disconnecte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=530537 | 404,373 |
864,576 | More recently, the term has come into much wider usage with the development and adoption of GPS. Neglecting ionospheric and tropospheric effects, the signal from navigation satellites has a fixed precision. Therefore, the relative satellite-receiver geometry plays a major role in determining the precision of estimated ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1021510 | 864,116 |
762,734 | By the 1970s there was an obvious shift in the use and development of futures studies; its focus was no longer exclusive to governments and militaries. Instead, it embraced a wide array of technologies, social issues, and concerns. This discussion on the intersection of population growth, resource availability and use,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1508301 | 762,326 |
154,674 | Social cognitive theory (SCT), used in psychology, education, and communication, holds that portions of an individual's knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences. This theory was advanced by Albert Bandura as an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7715915 | 154,604 |
1,950,818 | In most companies there is a power struggle between the Quality Management departments and the environmental management departments because though the environmental people want to make changes to products in order for them to be more economically efficient, the Quality people do not want to sacrifice the efficiency and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32271197 | 1,949,697 |
2,141,026 | BCL was financed primarily by grants. This came in part from military organizations such as U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy which, in the 1950s and 60s, possessed large budgets for basic research. Non-military donors included the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of He... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29354556 | 2,139,796 |
1,390,644 | A number of studies have been carried out to see whether the early psychosis approach reduces the severity of symptoms, improves relapse rates, and decreases the use of inpatient care, in comparison to standard care. Advocates of early intervention for psychosis have been accused of selectively citing findings that sup... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20769394 | 1,389,873 |
1,707,329 | Trichostrongyloidea are divided into 14 families and 24 subfamilies. These worms have very small mouths and are found in a large number of hosts. They generally infect the stomach or intestine. Species that infect herbivorous hosts climb onto vegetation via films of moisture. Some species such as those infecting rodent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6871347 | 1,706,371 |
498,012 | Smith's various projects, starting with a mortgage taken to purchase his estate at Tucking Mill in Somerset in 1798, accrued financial commitments that ran into a series of difficulties which he managed to withstand by borrowing money from sympathetic creditors and mortgagors and funding repayments by taking on a relen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=93553 | 497,755 |
1,353,214 | A spectroradiometer is a light measurement tool that is able to measure both the wavelength and amplitude of the light emitted from a light source. Spectrometers discriminate the wavelength based on the position the light hits at the detector array allowing the full spectrum to be obtained with a single acquisition. Mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1326120 | 1,352,467 |
175,108 | In recent years, General Motors and Ford have introduced a modified strut set-up, "Hi-Per Strut" and "Revoknuckle" respectively, that split the strut into two components that handle the up-and-down flexibility and steering dynamics separately. The benefits of this design are greater surface contact and reduction in tor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=234730 | 175,017 |
360,963 | AlphaGo Zero was trained using reinforcement learning in which the system played millions of games against itself. Its only guide was to increase its win rate. It did so without learning from games played by humans. Its only input features are the black and white stones from the board. It uses a single neural network, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41755648 | 360,774 |
494,883 | In 1975, at age 22, he left Vienna and emigrated to the United States. Bychkov attended and graduated the Mannes School of Music then becoming the director of the Mannes College Orchestra. From 1980 to 1985, Semyon Bychkov served as music director of the Grand Rapids Symphony in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and through his ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3687189 | 494,627 |
358,526 | Khan et al. reviewed evidence that despite the occurrence of a sexual phase in its life cycle, "T. gondii" has an unusual population structure dominated by three clonal lineages (Types I, II and III) that occur in North America and Europe. They estimated that a common ancestor founded these about 10,000 years ago. In a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=196523 | 358,340 |
1,782,467 | Wheelock's Latin (originally titled Latin and later Latin: An Introductory Course Based on Ancient Authors) is a comprehensive beginning Latin textbook. Chapters introduce related grammatical topics and assume little or no prior knowledge of Latin grammar or language. Each chapter has a collection of translation exerci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5607488 | 1,781,463 |
2,164,262 | Omsk SAU scholars have founded 28 scientific schools of thought that are still being developed by university faculty staff and students. The university has gained significant experience in selective breeding and genetics of field crops. Scientists at Omsk SAU Genetics and Breeding Center have created varieties of high-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22950887 | 2,163,026 |
425,235 | Bin-level filtering, just like fragment-level filtering, also takes place to shed experimental artifacts from the obtained data. Bins with high noise and low signals are removed as they typically represent highly repetitive genomic contents around the telomeres and centromeres. This is done by comparing the individual ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70169832 | 425,027 |
85,191 | In the medical schools of the early nineteenth century, doctors did not study female reproductive anatomy, seen as repulsive, nor train in pregnancy and childbirth management. That women, because of their anatomy and the risks of the dangerous birthing process, had unique medical concerns and challenges, enough that a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52967 | 85,157 |
1,341,704 | Plants and yeasts have no known endogenous AMPylating enzymes, but animal genomes are endowed with a single copy of a gene encoding a Fic-domain AMPylase, that was likely acquired by an early ancestor of animals via horizontal gene transfer from a prokaryote. The human protein referred to commonly as FICD, had been pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12780114 | 1,340,971 |
2,035,630 | The atmospheric component of the CM2.X models employs a 24-level atmosphere with horizontal resolution of 2° in east–west and 2.5° in north–south directions. This resolution is sufficient to resolve the large mid-latitude cyclones responsible for weather variability. It is too coarse, however, to resolve processes such... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9180013 | 2,034,457 |
227,076 | Various archives of past climate are present in rocks, trees and fossils. From these archives, indirect measures of climate, so-called proxies, can be derived. Quantification of climatological variation of precipitation in prior centuries and epochs is less complete but approximated using proxies such as marine sedimen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47512 | 226,960 |
1,037,892 | These measures eventually proved insufficient to avoid deflation. Having taken over in August 2013, Governor Mark Carney wrote his first open letter in February 2015 to explain why inflation had fallen below 1% for the first time in the MPC's history. This was followed by deflation of 0.1% in April 2015, the first mont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1234219 | 1,037,351 |
2,237,174 | His most curious role (arguably) was in post-war Germany from 1945. Here he advised the authorities within the British Section on the degree to which the lines and systems could be stripped down and still remain operational. This involved the removal of thousands of miles of "duplicate tracks" reducing many lines to a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52380154 | 2,235,903 |
211,157 | The design of a molecular dynamics simulation should account for the available computational power. Simulation size ("n" = number of particles), timestep, and total time duration must be selected so that the calculation can finish within a reasonable time period. However, the simulations should be long enough to be rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=198608 | 211,050 |
335,393 | Careers in double bass vary widely by genre and by region or country. Most bassists earn their living from a mixture of performance and teaching jobs. The first step to getting most performance jobs is by playing at an audition. In some styles of music, such as jazz-oriented stage bands, bassists may be asked to sight ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8816 | 335,215 |
1,168,057 | The waters of the Bismarck Archipelago were the theater of her fifth patrol, from 8 September-26 October. After reconnaissance off Thilenius and Montagu harbors of New Ireland, "Sculpin" commenced her search for Japanese shipping. On 28 September, she scored two hits on a cargo ship, but was forced to dive as a Japanes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=440487 | 1,167,439 |
1,442,250 | In the United States there has been general cooling of the "Math wars" during the first decade of the 21st century as reform organizations such as the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and national committees, such as the National Mathematics Advisory Panel convened by George W. Bush, have concluded that elem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6877259 | 1,441,437 |
1,284,931 | Stephen Ronald Quake (born 1969) is an American scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He earned his B.S. in physics and M.S. in mathematics from Stanford in 1991 and his D.Phil. in physics from Oxford University in 1994 as a Marshall Scholar. His thesis research was in statistical mechanics and the effects of knots on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36043855 | 1,284,232 |
766,046 | The advent of particle accelerator technology has made possible the production of particle beams of considerably higher energy than was available to Ives and Stilwell. This has enabled the design of tests of the transverse Doppler effect directly along the lines of how Einstein originally envisioned them, i.e. by direc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=408026 | 765,636 |
359,061 | Zircon can travel at a speed of . This has led to concerns that it could penetrate existing naval defense systems. Because it flies at hypersonic speeds within the atmosphere, the air pressure in front of it forms a plasma cloud as it moves, absorbing radio waves and making it practically invisible to active radar syst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53627779 | 358,875 |
1,399,627 | Precise analysis at ultrasonic frequencies is impossible due to the asymmetry of the phase splitter stage, and unknown parasitics and nonlinearities of the output stage. Depending on the chosen analysis model, open-loop response can be roughly approximated with a combination of either four or five low-pass filters. Dif... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1019188 | 1,398,852 |
533,509 | This missile is one of a kind, proving many new technologies for the first time, and represents a significant leap in India's missile technology. The missile is lighter in weight and uses a two-stage rocket engine powered by solid propellant. The Composite Rocket Motor which has been used for the first time has given e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12132002 | 533,230 |
705,970 | Dr. Fackler claimed that a study of rifle bullet wounds in Vietnam (Wound Data and Munitions Effectiveness Team) found "no cases of bones being broken, or major vessels torn, that were not hit by the penetrating bullet. In only two cases, an organ that was not hit (but was within a few cm of the projectile path), suffe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13746 | 705,601 |
1,498,081 | The spread of INSV can be achieved easily through the importation of infected plants. This has been demonstrated in 1991 by its sudden emergence in Portugal, where it was discovered in over 30 plant species. Because of their preference for hidden away living spaces they often travel undetected globally. By raising Enzy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12356670 | 1,497,237 |
2,145,812 | Apai's work includes detailed comparative studies of planet formation around sun-like stars and low-mass stars; his team has discovered that the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks depends on stellar mass. He used, for the first time, multi-epoch near-infrared radial velocity measurements to demonstrate tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19836008 | 2,144,581 |
177,910 | Simon was also known for his research on industrial organization. He determined that the internal organization of firms and the external business decisions thereof, did not conform to the neoclassical theories of "rational" decision-making. Simon wrote many articles on the topic over the course of his life, mainly focu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14205 | 177,817 |
1,686,622 | where formula_195, formula_196 is a bounded, positive operator with bounded inverse and formula_96 is a quasi-invariant measure on formula_165. It is not assumed that formula_10 be invariant up to a phase under the action of formula_192 and clearly, the best situation is when formula_201 is a multiple of the identity. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32776711 | 1,685,676 |
1,200,814 | It has been reported that despite having common histone substrates, when there are lower amounts of histone or acetyl-CoA available, CBP and p300 have different, preferred acetyltransferase substrates. In an experiment performed involving the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, the pathological protein (vIRF), was s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9927027 | 1,200,173 |
1,364,450 | After the placenta is delivered, the uterus is massaged to stimulate contraction and is closed with a running locking absorbable suture and the abdomen is then closed; alternatively, the wound may be temporarily packed with sterile gauze, with definitive closure delayed until specialist obstetric help arrives or until ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48259148 | 1,363,694 |
923,159 | Since 2000, in response to the need for standardization, various bodies and agencies have published guidelines for digital forensics. The Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence (SWGDE) produced a 2002 paper, ""Best practices for Computer Forensics"", this was followed, in 2005, by the publication of an ISO standa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3118141 | 922,673 |
1,195,438 | Prof. Cavalier-Smith of Oxford University has produced a large body of work which is well regarded. Still, he is controversial in a way that is a bit difficult to describe. The issue may be one of writing style. Cavalier-Smith has a tendency to make pronouncements where others would use declarative sentences, to use de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=49392751 | 1,194,798 |
1,358,392 | Over its 170-year history, Albany Medical College has attracted and produced many leaders in medicine and research. Among its present and past faculty, researchers, and alumni there are two Nobel Prize winners, two Lasker Award winners, two MacArthur Fellowship recipients, one Gairdner Foundation International Award wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2490912 | 1,357,642 |
1,547,472 | Although many factors have been proposed as the cause of MeN, most attention has focused on heat stress due to a combination of strenuous work in a hot climate with insufficient hydration. Additional postulated contributing exposures include agrochemicals, metals, and pathogens. These factors are themselves a result of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40667078 | 1,546,595 |
387,512 | Rawls' claim in (a) is that departures from equality of a list of what he calls primary goods—"things which a rational man wants whatever else he wants" are justified only to the extent that they improve the lot of those who are worst-off under that distribution in comparison with the previous, equal, distribution. His... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=243665 | 387,317 |
142,139 | With the development of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology, Yannis Tsividis' group at Columbia University has been revisiting analog/hybrid computers design in standard CMOS process. Two VLSI chips have been developed, an 80th-order analog computer (250 nm) by Glenn Cowan in 2005 and a 4th-order hybrid comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2428 | 142,081 |
1,236,986 | This work was followed by others pumping short lengths of PCF with zero dispersions around 800 nm with high power femtosecond Ti:sapphire lasers. Lehtonen "et al." studied the effect of polarization on the formation of the continua in a birefringent PCF, as well as varying the pump wavelength (728-810 nm) and pulse dur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8736971 | 1,236,322 |
1,256,211 | While the fundamental quantity associated with the infrared absorption is the dipole strength, the differential absorption is also proportional to the rotational strength, a quantity which depends on both the electric and magnetic dipole transition moments. Sensitivity of the handedness of a molecule toward circularly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9233359 | 1,255,527 |
1,869,646 | In 1976 DeLeon joined the faculty at the University of Delaware. DeLeon has extensively studied the Sperm adhesion molecule 1 (SPAM1), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked membrane protein. The mechanisms that underpin the expression of these proteins are poorly understood, but are crucial for the development of assis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64719523 | 1,868,569 |
1,174,785 | Chagas' discovery was recognized at home and abroad as one of the most important achievements in parasitology. He was twice nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (in 1913 and 1921), each time by only a single Brazilian nominator, but he never received the award. In 1913, 63 scientists were nominated f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1046233 | 1,174,163 |
1,147,194 | Measles is extremely contagious, but surviving the infection results in lifelong immunity, so its continued circulation in a community depends on the generation of susceptible hosts by birth of children. In communities which generate insufficient new hosts the disease will die out. This concept was first recognized by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45300883 | 1,146,589 |
996,413 | The leading US electronics companies (Bell Labs, IBM, RCA and General Electric) sought solution to "the tyranny of numbers" in the development of discrete components that implemented a given function with a minimum number of attached passive elements. During the vacuum tube era, this approach allowed to reduce the cost... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37259051 | 995,895 |
1,250,425 | A number of research studies have demonstrated that even mildly elevated blood glucose levels (110 mg/dL or 6.1 mmol/L) in a hospital intensive care unit (ICU) can measurably increase the morbidity and mortality of such patients. According to a randomized control trial of over 1500 surgical ICU patients, controlling pa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1764060 | 1,249,749 |
1,002,935 | The "Mo Jing" described various aspects of many fields associated with physical science, and provided a small wealth of information on mathematics as well. It provided an 'atomic' definition of the geometric point, stating that a line is separated into parts, and the part which has no remaining parts (i.e. cannot be di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11953 | 1,002,417 |
93,460 | Various methods have been employed in an attempt to decrease the progression of myopia, although studies show mixed results. Many myopia treatment studies have a number of design drawbacks: small numbers, lack of adequate control group, and failure to mask examiners from knowledge of treatments used. Among myopia speci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=88042 | 93,419 |
708,893 | This velocity is well beyond the capabilities of chemical rockets or even the type of nuclear pulse propulsion studied during Project Orion. According to Dr. Tony Martin, controlled-fusion engine and the nuclear–electric systems have very low thrust, equipment to convert nuclear energy into electrical has a large mass,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=603351 | 708,524 |
327,071 | In 1999, a Universal Need Statement was issued for an IAR. Around 2000, the 1st Marine Division’s 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines Regiment conducted initial, limited IAR trials which confirmed the desirability of a light automatic rifle. The key difference between a lighter infantry rifle and a more heavily built "automatic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20976347 | 326,897 |
1,424,368 | Born in Tomsk, Proskuriakova moved to the USA with her parents in 1916. In 1924, she accepted American citizenship. She graduated from the College of Architecture at Pennsylvania State University (1930). In 1936-1937, she took part in two seasons of an archaeological expedition to Piedras Negras (Guatemala). In 1939, s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3983329 | 1,423,566 |
220,781 | The structure of biological membranes typically includes several types of molecules in addition to the phospholipids comprising the bilayer. A particularly important example in animal cells is cholesterol, which helps strengthen the bilayer and decrease its permeability. Cholesterol also helps regulate the activity of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=158011 | 220,672 |
1,993,561 | LaBr introduces an enhanced set of capabilities to a range of gamma spectroscopy radioisotope detection and identification systems used in the homeland security market. Isotope identification utilizes several techniques (known as algorithms) which rely on the detector's ability to discriminate peaks. The improvements i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19106129 | 1,992,418 |
316,410 | The strategy was utilized in the early 1950s by the hastily formed People's Volunteer Army during the Korean War, to garner support from the local Korean populace to win the war by driving the United Nations forces from the peninsula. At the battles of Chongchon river valley and Lake Changjin, the army employed guerril... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=91515 | 316,241 |
143,245 | The head of each drum has a central area of "tuning paste" called the syahi (lit. "ink"; a.k.a. "shāī" or "gāb"). "Syahi" is common in many drums of Indian origin. This method allows these drums to produce harmonic overtones and is responsible for their unique sound. "Syahi" is constructed using multiple layers of a pa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21787554 | 143,187 |
1,924,810 | As for aerodynamic problems, wind tunnel test is a basic tool used in research. In 1994, researchers from German DLR, French ONERA, NASA Langley, and the US Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate (AFDD) formed an international consortium to carry out a comprehensive experimental program which is denominated HART I (Higher... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57679083 | 1,923,706 |
1,315,397 | SGLD is applicable in any optimization context for which it is desirable to quickly obtain posterior samples instead of a maximum a posteriori mode. In doing so, the method maintains the computational efficiency of stochastic gradient descent when compared to traditional gradient descent while providing additional info... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58878004 | 1,314,676 |
1,900,903 | As for immunotherapy, it early mentioned by James Allison, now at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Allison found that CTLA-4 puts the brakes on T cells, preventing them from launching full-out immune attacks. He wondered whether blocking the blocker – the CTLA-4 molecule – would set the imm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14367673 | 1,899,814 |
899,350 | During the 1990s, the JGSDF was interested in procuring a new attack helicopter during the following decade, seeking to replace the Fuji-built Bell AH-1 Cobra fleet. Amongst the proposals produced by Japanese industries was a derivative of the OH-1, tentatively designated as the "AH-2". In 1999, it was revealed that th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1944460 | 898,875 |
572,377 | The 1991 Croatian War and the subsequent War of Bosnia saw some naval action, initially when the Yugoslav Navy declared a blockade of the ports of Dalmatia from September to December 1991 and later in 1994-1995, when NATO naval forces, as part of Operation Sharp Guard, deployed a number of units to the Adriatic in orde... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3609782 | 572,084 |
834,653 | In 2015 Aprea "et al." presented a new refrigeration concept, GeoThermag, which is a combination of magnetic refrigeration technology with that of low-temperature geothermal energy. To demonstrate the applicability of the GeoThermag technology, they developed a pilot system that consists of a 100-m deep geothermal prob... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=204912 | 834,204 |
1,525,186 | The size of the Mackenzie hotspot is considered to have been about in diameter. This calculation is based on the analysis of magmatic fabric in the Mackenzie dike swarm, which shows that magma flow was only vertical close to the middle of the Mackenzie plume and only subhorizontal away from the plume. However, if subho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25582624 | 1,524,325 |
709,811 | Once injected into the initial orbit by the Falcon 9 second stage, the spacecraft performed four additional independent burns that placed it into a lunar flyby orbit. On 17 May 2018, the spacecraft underwent a gravity assist by the Moon at above the surface, and performed the final period adjustment burn on 30 May 2018... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20024409 | 709,440 |
948,876 | The Olympic 100 m is the most prestigious competition for the distance and it attracts elite level, international competitors. The winner of the race is occasionally referred to as "the world's fastest" man or woman, reflecting the high level of the competition and the quality of performances. , the current Olympic rec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41811060 | 948,372 |
392,653 | The carbon dioxide solubility in seawater is also affected by temperature, pH of the solution, and by the carbonate buffer. The decrease of solubility of carbon dioxide in seawater when temperature increases is also an important retroaction factor (positive feedback) exacerbating past and future climate changes as obse... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59497 | 392,458 |
2,159,129 | Boettcher performed his undergraduate work at the University of Oregon performing research with Prof. Mark Lonergan on electronically conductive ionomers and conjugated-polymer/semiconductor interfaces. His PhD work (2003-2008) in inorganic materials chemistry was at the University of California, Santa Barbara with Pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67968941 | 2,157,897 |
363,336 | On 18 August 2021, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced a plan to offer a booster dose eight months after the second dose, citing evidence of reduced protection against mild and moderate disease and the possibility of reduced protection against severe disease, hospitalization, and d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=65797150 | 363,146 |
833,435 | All variable names which are not prefixed with caret character () are temporary and private. Like global variables, they also have a hierarchical storage model, but are only "locally available" to a single job, thus they are called "locals". Both "globals" and "locals" can have child nodes (called "subscripts" in MUMPS... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19723 | 832,986 |
290,433 | He then made his eight World or Olympic team on June 8–9, at the '18 Final X: Lincoln, where he was the crowd-favorite as Lincoln, Nebraska is the city where he attended college. He did so by defeating US Open champion and NCAA legend Isaiah Martinez, with a 4–1 score in the first match and a case-closing 11–1 technica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32868608 | 290,275 |
1,445,362 | Political and legal factors are here regarded as a unit. They refer to framework given by politics. They exist as regulatory or legal frameworks, which can be binding for regions, nations or on an international basis. The frameworks deal with economical issues or issues concerning the labour market. Subsidies, for inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32029481 | 1,444,546 |
1,718,150 | "Some 1.8 billion (more than 70%) of the population at risk for dengue worldwide live in member states of the WHO South-East Asia Region and Western Pacific Region, which bear nearly 75% of the current global disease burden due to dengue. The Asia Pacific Dengue Strategic Plan for both regions (2008--2015) has been pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63453251 | 1,717,180 |
1,647,494 | On August 20, 1877, the Nez Perce and the U.S. Army engaged again at the Battle of Camas Creek just west of Henrys Lake, Idaho. The Nez Perce raided a camp of soldiers, stealing mostly mules and a few horses and supplies. The ensuing fight lasted a full day, but resulted in few casualties. On the evening of the 20th, t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34543793 | 1,646,563 |
639,051 | Time-to-digital converters register the arrival of a single ion at discrete time "bins"; a combination of threshold triggering and constant fraction discriminator (CFD) discriminates between electronic noise and ion arrival events. CFD converts nanosecond-long Gaussian-shaped electrical pulses of different amplitudes g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13505242 | 638,712 |
1,863,591 | These diffusers are typically made in the shape of a perforated rectangular pipe called a wide band, or a cap of in diameter with an elastomeric membrane. Other varieties of coarse bubble diffusers exist, though it is generally accepted that all of them perform similarly with respect to mass oxygen transfer. When compa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8860434 | 1,862,519 |
1,793,384 | Megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) is a medical imaging technique that uses the Megavoltage range of X-rays to create an image of bony structures or surrogate structures within the body. The original rational for MVCT was spurred by the need for accurate density estimates for treatment planning. Both patient and ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11308931 | 1,792,375 |
1,907,618 | Schulze's grandfather was the philosopher and privy counsellor Gottlob Ernst Schulze, and his father held public office in the town where he was born: Bovenden near Göttingen. After completing school, Schulze studied chemistry at the University of Göttingen. Among his professors were Friedrich Wöhler and Heinrich Limpr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55738352 | 1,906,522 |
320,610 | Two new carriers able to operate the F-35B short take-off and landing variant of the US Lockheed Martin Lightning II aircraft were constructed. In the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015, it was announced that the carriers would enter service "from 2018". The procurement plan is for a force of 138 F-35 aircraft,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51777 | 320,438 |
912,151 | Much of the [[light curve]], or graph of luminosity as a function of time, after the explosion of a [[type II supernova]] such as SN 1987A is produced by the energy from [[radioactive decay]]. Although the luminous emission consists of optical photons, it is the radioactive power absorbed that keeps the remnant hot eno... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28930 | 911,672 |
33,332 | Still, there is a paucity of surface features that can be unambiguously interpreted as cryovolcanoes. One of the first of such features revealed by "Cassini" radar observations in 2004, called Ganesa Macula, resembles the geographic features called "pancake domes" found on Venus, and was thus initially thought to be cr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47402 | 33,320 |
1,267,780 | The single-photon optomechanical coupling strength formula_54 is usually a small frequency, much smaller than the cavity decay rate formula_13, but the effective optomechanical coupling can be enhanced by increasing the drive power. With a strong enough drive, the dynamics of the system can be considered as quantum flu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=49916168 | 1,267,090 |
556,157 | In the 18th century a few English architects had emigrated to the colonies, but as the British Empire became firmly established in the 19th century many architects at the start of their careers made the decision to emigrate, several chose the United States but most went to Canada, Australia or New Zealand, as opportuni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1194886 | 555,868 |
65,852 | Most organisms studied to date use a reward–punishment mechanism: for instance, worms and insects can alter their behavior to seek food sources or to avoid dangers. In vertebrates, the reward-punishment system is implemented by a specific set of brain structures, at the heart of which lie the basal ganglia, a set of in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3717 | 65,827 |
1,904,730 | The shape and properties of the protein surface determine what interactions are possible with ligands and other macromolecules. Pockets are an important yet ambiguous feature of this surface. During drug discovery process, the first step in screening for lead compounds and potential molecules as drugs is usually a sele... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39059578 | 1,903,635 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.