doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
457,551 | JETDS was adopted 16 February 1943 by the Joint Communications Board for all new Army and Navy airborne, radio, and radar equipment. Over time it was extended to cover the Marine Corps and the Navy's ship, submarine, amphibious, and ground electronic equipment. When the Air Force was established as a separate departmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1322528 | 457,328 |
75,015 | A larger upper limit of around was represented as the absolute maximum mass limit for an accreting SMBH in extreme cases, for example its maximal prograde spin with a dimensionless spin parameter of "a" = 1, although the maximum limit for a black hole's spin paramater is very slightly lower at "a" = 0.9982. At masses j... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=215706 | 74,988 |
1,484,261 | Four orbital launch failures occurred in 2009. On 24 February, a Taurus-XL launched from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, United States, with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory. The payload fairing did not separate from the rocket, leaving the upper stage with too much mass to reach orbit. The stage, with spac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13292247 | 1,483,424 |
324,977 | These early programmers were drawn from a group of about two hundred women employed as computers at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. The job of computers was to produce the numeric result of mathematical formulas needed for a scientific study, or an engineering project. They... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66572 | 324,804 |
87,246 | In 1952 Northrop began work on a fighter project, the "N-102 Fang", with shoulder-mounted delta wing and a single engine. The proposed General Electric J79 engine, weighing nearly two tons, meant the resulting aircraft would be large and expensive. Then in 1953, representatives from General Electric Aviation's newly cr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=357874 | 87,211 |
413,491 | The isotopic composition of fossil soils and marine sediments near the boundary between the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic has been tied to a large negative carbon isotope excursion. Carbon isotopes of hydrocarbons ("n"-alkanes) derived from leaf wax and lignin, and total organic carbon from two sections of lake sedi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31188 | 413,289 |
948,525 | The Lightweight Multirole Missile was initially conceived as Thales' response to the MoD's Future Air-to-Surface Guided Weapon (Light) FASGW(L) requirement. It was designed to be launched from a variety of naval, air and land platforms against a wide range of targets. High precision reduces collateral damage and makes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34198573 | 948,021 |
2,152,398 | As Europe increasingly develops common standards, it is important that the professional competence of those who oversee the maintenance of standards is recognised. Academic qualifications alone have limited value. In providing an acceptable common professional standard, the European Chemist requires experience in the a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6058086 | 2,151,167 |
1,049,055 | The Han Chancellor and King of Wei Cao Cao (155–220 AD) made the final significant attempt to limit the power of wealthy landowners. Cao Cao established government-managed agricultural colonies for landless commoners; in exchange for land and cheap equipment, the farmers paid a portion of their crop yield. In the 120s ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21423531 | 1,048,510 |
400,411 | The main benefits of fiber are its exceptionally low loss (allowing long distances between amplifiers/repeaters), its absence of ground currents and other parasite signal and power issues common to long parallel electric conductor runs (due to its reliance on light rather than electricity for transmission, and the diel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7309377 | 400,212 |
195,801 | UCR's varsity teams compete in the Big West Conference of NCAA Division I. Programs include men's and women's soccer, cross country, basketball, track and field, baseball, softball, tennis, golf and women's volleyball. After students voted to assess themselves $35 a quarter to fund the athletic programs in 1998, men's ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=230311 | 195,701 |
215,300 | At the same time, the General Staff ordered studies from all the service branches to develop drafts for the coming field manuals. The Air Corps Board, a function of the ACTS, submitted a draft in September 1938 that included descriptions of independent air operations, strategic air attacks, and air action against naval... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23869026 | 215,192 |
1,032,626 | Nicknamed "The Little Monster", "God-Young-Ho", and "Ultimate Weapon", Flash arrived in the gaming scene by defeating Bisu in a Starleague game by "cheesing" his opponent. He was heavily criticized by StarCraft fans as a "cheap" player, but he dispelled all accusations by dominating the StarCraft gaming scene. He prope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5673170 | 1,032,090 |
1,418,993 | In the United States, the CDC reported that the EMR adoption rate had steadily risen to 48.3 percent at the end of 2009. This is an increase over 2008 when only 38.4% of office-based physicians reported using fully or partially electronic medical record systems (EMR) in 2008. However, the same study found that only 20.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58751479 | 1,418,194 |
1,342,943 | The term was coined by David P. Rubincam in 2000 to honor four important contributors to the concepts behind the so-named YORP effect. In the 19th century, Ivan Yarkovsky realized that the thermal radiation escaping from a body warmed by the Sun carries off momentum as well as heat. Translated into modern physics, each... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=931064 | 1,342,207 |
827,220 | When SHH reaches its target cell, it binds to the Patched-1 (PTCH1) receptor (Process "3" on Figure 5, the blue molecule). In the absence of ligand, PTCH1 inhibits Smoothened (SMO), a downstream protein in the pathway (Process "4"). It has been suggested that SMO is regulated by a small molecule, the cellular localizat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5150349 | 826,776 |
1,444,967 | Edward William Barton-Wright, a British railway engineer who had studied Jujutsu while working in Japan between 1894 and 1897, was the first man known to have taught Asian martial arts in Europe. In 1899 he also founded an eclectic martial arts style named Bartitsu which combined jujutsu, judo, boxing, savate and stick... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15753520 | 1,444,151 |
1,918,417 | Born in St. Louis, Missouri, but grew up in Boone, North Carolina, and having graduated from Watauga High School in 1997, Taylor had her first successes on the track for Harvard Crimson, while studying psychology and biology at Harvard University. She finished seventh in the 400 m hurdles at the NCAA Women's Outdoor Tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27900156 | 1,917,317 |
323,970 | The efficiency of human muscle has been measured (in the context of rowing and cycling) at 18% to 26%. The efficiency is defined as the ratio of mechanical work output to the total metabolic cost, as can be calculated from oxygen consumption. This low efficiency is the result of about 40% efficiency of generating ATP f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=380541 | 323,798 |
899,017 | Through mechanisms only partially understood, high levels of ApoB, especially associated with the higher LDL particle concentrations, are the primary driver of plaques that cause vascular disease (atherosclerosis), commonly first becoming obviously symptomatic as heart disease, stroke and many other body wide complicat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4355487 | 898,542 |
1,450,545 | All known German falsifications are propaganda forgeries. Forgeries of the Silver Jubilee issue of 1935 were falsified at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp by order of Heinrich Himmler during the war. The modifications included the insertion of Jewish and communist emblems, placement of Joseph Stalin's head in place... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6890367 | 1,449,728 |
1,277,839 | Unsaturated polyester resins are an extremely versatile, and fairly inexpensive class of thermosetting polymer formed by the polycondensation of glycol mixtures often containing propylene glycol, with a dibasic acid and anhydrides usually maleic anhydride to provide backbone unsaturation needed for crosslinking, and ph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22282547 | 1,277,146 |
2,151,288 | Leta Hollingworth was born on the Nebraska frontier in 1886. When she was an adolescent, her mother died, which lead to rough household conditions within the family. Despite the difficulties, she did exceptionally well in school. This drove her to pursue her education further, which resulted in her graduating from Univ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41723517 | 2,150,057 |
1,949,792 | All official Women's Championships except one before World War II were held as round-robin tournaments concurrently with one of the Chess Olympiads, also controlled by FIDE – and all of them were won by the same player: Vera Menchik, by far the dominating figure in this early era of organized women's chess. Menchik, wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34825519 | 1,948,671 |
1,959,078 | In 1979, the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation played a key role in the Three Mile Island accident that occurred in Pennsylvania. The office's director at the time, Harold Denton, personally advised President Jimmy Carter throughout the crisis. This direct liaison is notable in that it was NRC Chairman Joseph Hendri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31964037 | 1,957,951 |
447,905 | As a graduate student at MIT, Hillis co-founded Thinking Machine Corporation to produce and market parallel computers, developing a series of influential products called the Connection Machine. At the time the company produced many of the fastest computers in the world. The Connection Machine was used in demanding comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=328908 | 447,688 |
1,031,106 | One of the results of population structure is a reduction in heterozygosity. When populations split, alleles have a higher chance of reaching fixation within subpopulations, especially if the subpopulations are small or have been isolated for long periods. This reduction in heterozygosity can be thought of as an extens... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17985779 | 1,030,570 |
1,915,728 | As previously stated, ECT is not considered a first-line treatment for depression, but rather an intervention used when other interventions such as antidepressant medications do not help relieve one's symptoms. According to "Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal", a descriptive case study conducted from April 2017 to O... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51477023 | 1,914,629 |
159,194 | Sometime later, during the "Weapons of Mutant Destruction" storyline, Amadeus is rescuing a Russian spacecraft when he's attacked by two Adamantium cyborgs. After destroying them, he finds Old Man Logan, Sabretooth and Domino, who tell him that the robots were created by Weapon X to exterminate them. While researching ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9945333 | 159,112 |
1,965,378 | In the summer of 1883, Purdue's fourth president James H. Smart was conversing with his friend, John N. Hurty, in Hurty's Indianapolis drugstore. Hurty brought up the idea that it would be a good idea for Purdue University (founded 14 years earlier) to offer courses to train students as pharmacists. It is said that Sma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20712899 | 1,964,249 |
121,618 | Using this measure of investment in carnivory, a model can be proposed. Above is a graph of carbon dioxide uptake (potential for growth) against trap respiration (investment in carnivory) for a leaf in a sunny habitat containing no soil nutrients at all. Respiration is a straight line sloping down under the horizontal ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18952739 | 121,569 |
2,084,086 | There was another pause before the Battle of the Sambre was launched. 23rd Brigade had moved up to Bousies where 94th Siege Bty, leaving its slow-moving 9.2s behind, had taken over and were firing captured German guns, including a 'Five-Nine' howitzer. 41st Siege Bty now took over this gun and registered it with an obs... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69464934 | 2,082,886 |
669,908 | The oldest-known allosauroid, "Shidaisaurus jinae", appeared in the early Middle Jurassic about 174 million years ago (Earliest Aalenian stage) of China. The last known definitive surviving members of the group died out around 89 million years ago in Asia ("Shaochilong") and South America ("Mapusaurus"), though the meg... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4964679 | 669,558 |
492,647 | About 5,000 applications were received by the deadline. Of these, only 351 met the key criteria. From this group, 159 applicants, 100 of whom were military and 59 were civilians, were selected for further consideration. Six women had applied, but none apparently met the key criteria, most likely because women were not ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3144431 | 492,392 |
2,106,755 | Spirochaeta thermophila is a fairly recently discovered free-living, anaerobic, spirochaete that seems to be the most thermophilic of the Spirochaetales order. The type species was discovered in 1992 in Kuril islands, Russia and described in Aksenova, et al. It has been isolated in the sediments and water columns of br... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48720099 | 2,105,542 |
4,244 | The B-2 Spirit was developed to take over the USAF's vital penetration missions, able to travel deep into enemy territory to deploy ordnance which could include nuclear weapons. The B-2 is a flying wing aircraft, meaning that it has no fuselage or tail. It has significant advantages over previous bombers due to its ble... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4396 | 4,242 |
1,459,627 | The word Cyborg was originally coined in a 1960 paper about space exploration, the term is short for cybernetic organism. A cyborg is traditionally defined as a system with both organic and inorganic parts. In the narrowest sense of the word, cyborgs are people with machinated body parts. These cyborg parts may be rest... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33264144 | 1,458,806 |
1,004,166 | The ectomycorrhizal structures of "H. peckii" are among a few in the Bankeraceae that have been studied in detail. They are characterized by a plectenchymatous mantle—a layer of tissue made of hyphae tightly arranged in a parallel orientation, or palisade, and which rarely branch or overlap each other. These hyphae, al... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13609521 | 1,003,648 |
1,292,019 | MAFFS equipment is stationed at eight locations around the United States. They are considered a "24-hour resource", meaning that when activated, it is expected that it will take 24 hours for the aircraft to arrive on scene, as the C-130s have to be pulled from their regular military duties and fitted with the MAFFS equ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13111428 | 1,291,309 |
1,793,346 | Aurel Boleslav Stodola (11 May 1859 – 25 December 1942) was a Slovak engineer, physicist, and inventor. He was a pioneer in the area of technical thermodynamics and its applications and published his book "Die Dampfturbine" (the steam turbine) in 1903. In addition to the thermodynamic issues involved in turbine design ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3584572 | 1,792,337 |
2,144,938 | By 2018 McKay was co-chief scientist the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) and one of a team of 30 international scientists that went to Antarctica on the JOIDES Resolution research vessel and conducted a project known as Expedition 374 that drilled under the sea bed of the Ross Sea. The object was to get sa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69498152 | 2,143,707 |
641,011 | In 2012 Ruscio and Roche introduced the comparative data (CD) procedure in an attempt improve upon the PA method. The authors state that "rather than generating random datasets, which only take into account sampling error, multiple datasets with known factorial structures are analyzed to determine which best reproduces... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24688832 | 640,672 |
253,619 | Common causes for torsades de pointes include drug-induced QT prolongation and less often diarrhea, low serum magnesium, and low serum potassium or congenital long QT syndrome. It can be seen in malnourished individuals and chronic alcoholics, due to a deficiency in potassium and/or magnesium. Certain drugs and combina... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=685936 | 253,486 |
50,529 | With the steady improvements in computers, defensive systems have become increasingly efficient. To counter this, stealth technologies have been pursued by the United States, Russia, India and China. The first step was to find ways to reduce the aircraft's reflectivity to radar waves by burying the engines, eliminating... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10929 | 50,509 |
700,443 | While changes to the chromosome caused by X-ray and mustard gas were readily observable to early researchers, other changes to the DNA induced by other mutagens were not so easily observable; the mechanism by which they occur may be complex, and take longer to unravel. For example, soot was suggested to be a cause of c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19599 | 700,078 |
2,168,614 | As can be seen from Table 1 the majority of MRLs were started between 1972 and 1984 with only a few later additions. The MRL competition of 1992 led to the start of only one new center: the MRL at the University of California Santa Barbara. The lack of new awards, coupled with the National Science Board re-competition ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30862721 | 2,167,377 |
564,543 | Since 1968 Irwin has focused on the site itself by creating installations in rooms, gardens, parks, museums, and various urban locales. Influenced, in particular, by the paintings of John McLaughlin, Irwin and other Light and Space artists became curious about pushing the boundaries of art and perception, in the 1970s ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=645174 | 564,253 |
851,661 | The body is one of the oldest preserved bog bodies in the world and is also the oldest known preserved body with the flesh still intact. Peat bogs can be one of the best natural forms of preservation of all organic materials, including human bodies and items. The process that protects the contents from decomposition is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33988546 | 851,208 |
136,882 | The first Avometer had a sensitivity of 60 Ω/V, three direct current ranges (12 mA, 1.2 A, and 12 A), three direct voltage ranges (12, 120, and 600 V or optionally 1,200 V), and a 10,000 Ω resistance range. An improved version of 1927 increased this to 13 ranges and 166.6 Ω/V (6 mA) movement. A "Universal" version havi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40623 | 136,827 |
62,080 | As early as 1886, German physicist Heinrich Hertz showed that radio waves could be reflected from solid objects. In 1895, Alexander Popov, a physics instructor at the Imperial Russian Navy school in Kronstadt, developed an apparatus using a coherer tube for detecting distant lightning strikes. The next year, he added a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25676 | 62,055 |
397,509 | To pick up moving targets, the Doppler radar looks at the Doppler frequency shift of the returned signal. It can look from a long-range, which the military refers to as a high standoff capability. The antenna can be tilted to either side of the aircraft for a 120-degree field of view covering nearly 19,305 square miles... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10385 | 397,313 |
98,341 | When the "Phase II" series was in development, original series designer Matt Jefferies updated the "Enterprise" design to feature a larger saucer with twin elevators (turbo-lifts) to the bridge, a wider secondary hull, docking ports, a dedicated photon torpedo weapon assembly at the base of the ship's neck, and angled ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=277006 | 98,299 |
429,895 | Anatolian Seljuk mosque architecture was a combination of Turkish-Islamic culture and Anatolian traditions. The four-iwan plan, developed under the earlier Seljuks in Iran, did not appear in Anatolian Seljuk mosques. The congregational mosques (also known as an "Ulu Cami" or "great mosque") built by the Anatolian Selju... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30557685 | 429,684 |
1,288,258 | Zooplankton have adapted by developing transparent bodies, bright colors, bad tastes and cyclomorphosis (seasonal changes in body shape). When predators release a chemical in the water to signal zooplankton; cyclomorphosis allows holoplankton to increase their spines and protective shields. Studies have shown that alth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1754202 | 1,287,549 |
283,507 | Biological explanations of human culture also brought criticism to evolutionary psychology: Evolutionary psychologists see the human psyche and physiology as a genetic product and assume that genes contain the information for the development and control of the organism and that this information is transmitted from one ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9703 | 283,354 |
1,863,045 | In the other semifinal, Rutgers faced LSU. Rutgers's appearance in a Final Four game seemed improbable earlier in the season, when the Scarlet Knights lost four of their first six games, and played so poorly that their coach C. Vivian Stringer revoked their access to their locker room. However, their play, particularly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4396747 | 1,861,976 |
1,179,870 | The mission was scheduled to lift off on March 19, 1985, but suffered a series of delays. STS-51-D lifted in the from the Kennedy Space Center on April 12, 1985. The crew deployed the ANIK-C satellite for Telesat of Canada, and Syncom IV-3 for the US Navy. A malfunction in the Syncom spacecraft resulted in the first un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=557468 | 1,179,246 |
1,315,187 | Before recycled metal is introduced into metal stocks for alloying, additional processing is sometimes required for contaminant removal. Elemental residue is a major concern when considering the recycling of aircraft steel because it cannot safely be introduced into repurposed steels. Though plastics have often not bee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56153164 | 1,314,466 |
910,540 | The roots of modern econometrics can be traced to the American economist Henry L. Moore. Moore studied agricultural productivity and attempted to fit changing values of productivity for plots of corn and other crops to a curve using different values of elasticity. Moore made several errors in his work, some from his ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18967255 | 910,061 |
1,973,080 | The 3.67-meter telescope, known as the Advanced Electro-Optical System (AEOS), owned by the Department of Defense, is the United States' largest optical telescope designed for tracking satellites. The 75-ton AEOS telescope points and tracks very accurately, yet is fast enough to track both low-Earth satellites and ball... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1526808 | 1,971,945 |
1,946,039 | "Musturzabalsuchus" was initially assigned to Alligatoroidea on the basis of several characters, including a lateral displacement of the foramen aereum of the articular. Additionally, the enlarged fourth mandibular tooth occludes into a pit in the rostrum. Only the latter feature is present in the more derived alligato... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24011627 | 1,944,927 |
1,925,203 | The Blackmer circuit consists of two complementary log-antilog VCAs. Its four-transistor core – the Blackmer cell proper – combines two complementary current mirrors that are wired back-to-back and operate in a push-pull fashion. The lower NPN-type mirror (T1, T2) sinks input current I; the upper PNP-type mirror (T3, T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63925564 | 1,924,099 |
1,932,590 | The origin of the university lies in the "Shenyang Light Industry Vocational School" () which was founded in 1950. For that purpose, the government of the Northeast Region choose to put the premises of the "Shenyang Wenhui Middle School" (), a catholic school operating since 1876, to new use. Since being run by the Chr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1479349 | 1,931,482 |
1,226,325 | In an attempt to save on coal the Swiss Federal Railways fitted two small 0-6-0 steam shunters of class E 3/3 with a pantograph. Power was taken from overhead lines (, Hz), and fed to heating elements, via two transformers rated together at . The modified E 3/3 8521 was brought into use on 13 January 1943; 8522 follow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27957939 | 1,225,665 |
136,699 | In 2011 Facebook, Rackspace and others founded the Open Compute Project (OCP) to develop and publish open standards for greener data center computing technologies. As part of the project Facebook published the designs of its server, which it had built for its first dedicated data center in Prineville. Making servers ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=579730 | 136,644 |
1,997,618 | Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant, Japan's first commercial reprocessing plant, began reprocessing in 2007, however complications have delayed full commercial operation until 2012. The plant has a design reprocessing capacity of 800 tonnes-U/year, enough to reprocess the spent fuel produced by 30 reactors at 1,000 MW-class n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3438766 | 1,996,475 |
305,230 | The economic planning of the Great Leap period focused on steelbecause steel was considered emblematic of industry. The government arranged to have small backyard steel furnaces built in communes, in the hope that the mobilisation of the entire populace would compensate for the absence of the usual economies of scale. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47246185 | 305,067 |
1,649,728 | Upon exiting the photomask-photoresist interface, the image-forming light is subject to near-field diffraction as it propagates through the photoresist. Diffraction causes the image to lose contrast with increasing depth into the photoresist. This can be explained by the rapid decay of the highest-order evanescent wave... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3919004 | 1,648,796 |
53,957 | After five and a half years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature such as Physiology, Pharmacology, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Pathology, Psychiatry, Microbiology, the candidate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=428966 | 53,937 |
2,039,606 | Born in Bucharest, Dan studied Finance and Accounting at the Academy of Economic Studies, graduating in 1971. Before the 1989 Revolution, he was economic director at the Institute for Research and Technological Engineering, Planning and Production of Non-ferrous and Rare Metals in Bucharest. After the fall of Communism... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21777984 | 2,038,427 |
2,153,174 | The first rules for bandy was developed and written down in the late 19th century in England, by Charles Goodman Tebbutt, and later on in Russia. The two rule books had some differences but were similar enough that the game can be seen as being the same. At the time, the rules of ice hockey were also more similar with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47290154 | 2,151,943 |
1,210,552 | According to a study based on a 2014 census in Brazil, 195 of 250 older people living in retirement homes chose the Paro robot for nurses. A 2016 study of 130 older citizens living in Slovakian retirement homes indicated that 70 of them chose companion bots as well, according to research done by a group of mechatronic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4791587 | 1,209,905 |
1,128,889 | Miniaturized slot-die tools have become increasingly available to support the development of new roll-to-roll compatible processes prior to the requirement of full pilot- and production-scale equipment. These tools feature similar core components and functionality as compared to larger slot-die coating lines, but are d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66110715 | 1,128,311 |
2,105,845 | The 1962 Atlas was a groundbreaking publication that revolutionized the study of natural history by introducing a scientific approach to observation. This approach, which was initially developed for national purposes, has since been adopted on an international scale and is now widely used in biological recording progra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17257818 | 2,104,632 |
843,049 | The embryonic state of trigonometry in China slowly began to change and advance during the Song Dynasty (960–1279), where Chinese mathematicians began to express greater emphasis for the need of spherical trigonometry in calendarical science and astronomical calculations. The polymath Chinese scientist, mathematician a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1524543 | 842,599 |
1,684,714 | Closely tied with the field of biotechnology, this subject of cell engineering employs recombinant DNA methods to induce cells to construct a desired product such as a protein, antibody, or enzyme. One of the most notable examples of this subset of cellular engineering is the transformation of "E. Coli" to transcript a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67287307 | 1,683,769 |
30,562 | In January 2004, O'Keefe said he would review his decision to cancel the final servicing mission to HST, due to public outcry and requests from Congress for NASA to look for a way to save it. The National Academy of Sciences convened an official panel, which recommended in July 2004 that the HST should be preserved des... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40203 | 30,552 |
1,066,200 | The analysis of mtDNA 12S rRNA and cytochrome "b" sequence by Jenkins "et al." allied "Laonastes" with African hystricognath rodents, namely the blesmols and the dassie rat. Support for such a placement was fair, but the exact position could not be resolved. Huchon "et al." conducted a large-scale molecular phylogeny o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784196 | 1,065,646 |
162,362 | Tests performed on mongrel dogs showed the physiological effect of carbon dioxide on the body of the animal: after inhalation of a 50% CO and 50% air mixture, respiratory movement increased for about 2 minutes, and then, it decreased for 30 to 90 minutes. Hill and Flack showed that CO concentrations up to 35% have an e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=497803 | 162,277 |
2,075,509 | In molecular biology the BED-type zinc finger domain is a protein domain which was named after the Drosophila proteins BEAF and DREF, is found in one or more copies in cellular regulatory factors and transposases from plants, animals and fungi. The BED finger is an about 50 to 60 amino acid residues domain that contain... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32009665 | 2,074,312 |
658,502 | Originally placed into production in Austria, during the early 1990s, a purpose-build factory was established by Diamond in London, Ontario, Canada to produce the DV20, which was subsequently designated as the "DA20". The DA20 featured around 40 individual improvements, having been effectively revamped to take on the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2707055 | 658,157 |
2,132,886 | The 566th flew its first combat mission from England on 7 September 1943, when it attacked an air base in the Netherlands. The squadron again deployed to Tunisia during September and October 1943 to support Operation Avalanche, the landings on the Italian mainland at Salerno, striking targets in Corsica, Italy, and Aus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25923533 | 2,131,661 |
1,409,081 | Dell's research interests include development economics, economic history and political economy. A major focus of her work has been explaining economic development through the persistence of historical institutions. For example, in her paper on the long-term effects of Peru's Mining Mita, she showed that current develo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58910340 | 1,408,289 |
393,698 | In response to questions about "subjective immortality" from normal causes of death, Tegmark suggested that the flaw in that reasoning is that dying is not a binary event as in the thought experiment; it is a progressive process, with a continuum of states of decreasing consciousness. He states that in most real causes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48685 | 393,503 |
1,097,770 | "Tomorrow's Doctors" also criticised the amount of unnecessary scientific knowledge irrelevant to clinical practice that medical students were required to learn, meaning that the curricula were altered in other ways around the same time that PBL was introduced in the UK. One study criticising problem-based learning fou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1975218 | 1,097,210 |
653,712 | Freshwater eels are aquatic and live in various habitats, including freshwater, estuaries, and saltwater/marine habitats, and occupy the roles of both predator and prey, and evidence has been found of nematode parasitism in some species. Some eel species have been observed consuming the eggs of predatory fish such as t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2349109 | 653,368 |
1,285,655 | Most people in Nyasaland were subsistence farmers growing maize, millet and other food crops for their own consumption. Its colonial export economy had to be based on growing economic crops, but before 1907 commercial agriculture had hardly started to develop. In pre-colonial times trade was limited to the export of iv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14543243 | 1,284,955 |
2,139,490 | The rover could have been the first mission since the Viking program landers of the 1970s to specifically look for the chemistry associated with life (biosignatures), such as carbon-based compounds along with molecules involving both sulfur and nitrogen. The mission strategy was to search for habitable zones by "follow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3507155 | 2,138,260 |
785,872 | The late 1980s saw another milestone in computer animation, this time in 2D: the development of Disney's "Computer Animation Production System", known as "CAPS/ink & paint". This was a custom collection of software, scanners and networked workstations developed by The Walt Disney Company in collaboration with Pixar. It... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30797574 | 785,449 |
1,038,658 | In 1942, Parsons was told that helicopters were going to be the "next big thing" by the former head of Ford Trimotor production, Bill Stout. He called Sikorsky Aircraft to inquire about possible work, and soon got a contract to build the wooden stringers in the rotor blades. At the time, rotor blades (rotary wings) wer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39469106 | 1,038,117 |
251,820 | The book included evidence from the fossil record to discuss the processes of evolution and migration that had led to the geographical distribution of modern species. For example, he discussed how fossil evidence showed that tapirs had originated in the Northern Hemisphere, migrating between North America and Eurasia a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1494 | 251,687 |
343,644 | Through his study of the field of education, Piaget focused on two processes, which he named assimilation and accommodation. To Piaget, assimilation meant integrating external elements into structures of lives or environments, or those we could have through experience. "Assimilation" is how humans perceive and adapt to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1058599 | 343,463 |
1,523,635 | Bar graduated from Ben-Gurion University in Israel in 1988 with a Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Engineering. After graduating from University, Bar spent the next six years as a member of Israeli Air Force, during which time he began his Masters work in Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science. After co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26854460 | 1,522,774 |
1,456,701 | Sea level data from thirty tidal gauges positioned around the Australian mainland coastline was also collected in order to derive the Australian Height Datum. The distances between each successive tidal gauge varied significantly around the country, with the smallest interval between Port Kembla to Camp Cove (128 km) a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6715497 | 1,455,881 |
970,653 | Intrinsic emotion regulation efforts during infancy are believed to be guided primarily by innate physiological response systems. These systems usually manifest as an approach towards and an avoidance of pleasant or unpleasant stimuli. At three months, infants can engage in self-soothing behaviors like sucking and can ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17476149 | 970,143 |
1,389,510 | Douglas Bruce Lenat (born 1950) is the CEO of Cycorp, Inc. of Austin, Texas, and has been a prominent researcher in artificial intelligence; he was awarded the biannual IJCAI Computers and Thought Award in 1976 for creating the machine learning program, AM. He has worked on (symbolic, not statistical) machine learning ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=99991 | 1,388,739 |
410,357 | The initial concept was created by Toby Gard, who is credited as Lara's creator and worked as lead artist on the project. Production began in 1994 and took 18 months, with a budget of £440,000. The character of Lara was based on several influences, including "Tank Girl", "Indiana Jones" and "Hard Boiled". The 3D grid-b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3926606 | 410,155 |
1,686,110 | The mushroom grows in lawns, pastures and prairies. It is a saprotroph, living on decaying plant material, and not mycorrhizal as is the case with "Amanita" species. Previously it was placed in "Amanita", but in 2016 the saprophytic members of that genus were separated off into the new genus "Saproamanita" by one resea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29899769 | 1,685,164 |
426,778 | One reason the Royal Navy lagged behind its American counterpart was the lack of a high-ranking champion who would push nuclear submarine development. This changed when Admiral Lord Mountbatten became First Sea Lord in April 1955. In June he secured the approval of the Board of Admiralty to build a nuclear-powered subm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35942972 | 426,569 |
300,907 | The cycad fossil record dates to the early Permian, (mya). There is controversy over older cycad fossils that date to the late Carboniferous period, . This clade probably diversified extensively within its first few million years, although the extent to which it radiated is unknown because relatively few fossil specime... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=220457 | 300,746 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.