doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
1,198,068 | In 2006, after AOL published its users' search queries, data that was anonymized prior to the public release, "The New York Times" reporters successfully carried out re-identification of individuals by taking groups of searches made by anonymized users. AOL had attempted to suppress identifying information, including u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50417566 | 1,197,427 |
1,077,757 | In Germany, military service was mandatory for adult males until 2011. Instead of joining the military for a shorter period full-time, one of the alternatives was to join a non-combatant volunteer organisation within the German (disaster relief) or (civil defense) for a minimum of four years (this is calculated so that... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=909572 | 1,077,202 |
1,000,996 | offer two alternative methods to compute the skewness and kurtosis, each of which can save substantial computer memory requirements and CPU time in certain applications. The first approach is to compute the statistical moments by separating the data into bins and then computing the moments from the geometry of the resu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1063 | 1,000,478 |
1,450,291 | Simulation algorithms are needed to model the biological system and calculate the fluxes of all pathways in a complex network. Several computational software exist to meet the need for efficient and precise tools for flux quantitation. Generally, the steps for applying modeling software towards MFA include metabolic re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10756580 | 1,449,474 |
60,633 | During the early stages of research, animals were used to study the effects of radioactive substances on health. These studies began in 1944 at the University of California at Berkeley's Radiation Laboratory and were conducted by Joseph G. Hamilton. Hamilton was looking to answer questions about how plutonium would var... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7987684 | 60,608 |
303,805 | Operation Linebacker II started off similarly to Linebacker I with regards to SEAD tactics but was remarkable for the introduction of B-52 Stratofortress bombers in the defense-suppression role. During the early part of the operation, a combination of poor tactical employment and overconfidence on the part of Strategic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=573491 | 303,643 |
1,004,627 | The RSA-3 was produced by the Houwteq (a discontinued division of Denel) company at Grabouw, 30 km east of Cape Town. Test launches were made from Overberg Test Range near Bredasdorp, 200 km east of Cape Town. Rooi Els was where the engine test facilities were located. Development continued even after South African ren... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=216096 | 1,004,109 |
1,323,881 | CIFAR was founded in 1982. The original idea for an institute for advanced studies came from John Leyerle, a professor of English and dean of the School of Graduate Studies at the University of Toronto who began rallying support for the concept in 1978. The centre would serve to "foster basic, conceptual research of hi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6176673 | 1,323,155 |
1,203,508 | The oral arguments then take place in Vienna and Hong Kong. In Vienna, they begin every year with a formal opening reception on the Friday a week before Easter and close with the finals on Thursday of Holy Week. On Thursday night preceding the opening ceremony, the Moot Alumni Association traditionally organises its we... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5244662 | 1,202,864 |
69,768 | A typical example of the repeated measures "t"-test would be where subjects are tested prior to a treatment, say for high blood pressure, and the same subjects are tested again after treatment with a blood-pressure-lowering medication. By comparing the same patient's numbers before and after treatment, we are effective... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=536080 | 69,741 |
514,644 | Brusatte has discovered more than a dozen new species of vertebrate fossils. His breakthrough in the study of dinosaur fossils was while at the University of Chicago with Paul Sereno. Having discovered the skull, jaw and neck fossils of a 95-million-year-old theropod in the Elrhaz Formation of Niger in 1997, Sereno was... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7124671 | 514,378 |
1,504,463 | The future of medicine's focus may potentially shift from treating existing diseases, typically late in their progression, to preventing disease before it sets in. Predictive health and predictive medicine is based on probabilities: while it evaluates susceptibility to diseases, it is not able to predict with 100% cert... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7972254 | 1,503,617 |
1,437,927 | The School was central to what was the first inter-governmental agreement between the two parts of Ireland, and the first international agreement to operate a shared observing facility in the southern hemisphere, when it entered into the Armagh-Dunsink-Harvard agreement (signed in 1947) to operate a large Schmidt teles... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1222691 | 1,437,117 |
341,320 | In 2018, Marsh and Rowe reported that the holotype specimen of the sauropodomorph "Sarahsaurus" bore possible tooth marks scattered across the skeleton that may have been left by "Dilophosaurus" ("Syntarsus" was too small to have produced them) scavenging the specimen after it died (the positions of the bones may also ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=444541 | 341,139 |
1,318,040 | Among the more famous, and arguably the most famous crime photographer, is Arthur Fellig, better known as "Weegee". He was known for routinely arriving at crime scenes before other reporters, or often even before the police, The nickname is speculated to come from an alternate spelling of the word "Ouija", implying tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8293740 | 1,317,315 |
897,278 | Visible light water splitting with a one piece multijunction semiconductor device (vs. UV light with titanium dioxide semiconductors) was first demonstrated and patented by William Ayers at Energy Conversion Devices during 1983. This group demonstrated water photolysis into hydrogen and oxygen, now referred to as an "a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1430539 | 896,805 |
1,530,829 | In standard models of international trade a fall in the price of a country's export good – a deterioration in its terms of trade – generally decreases the home country's welfare. In the Brander–Spencer model however the opposite is true. This is because in this model the markets are not perfectly competitive and the re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26899978 | 1,529,963 |
1,784,837 | The first known reference to common scab of potatoes, dates back to 1825, but it was not initially thought to have a biological cause. Isolates of an organism that causes common scab of potato were first isolated by Roland Thaxter in Connecticut in 1890 and in 1892 he described the primary strain as "Oospora scabies". ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30981835 | 1,783,833 |
1,756,978 | For breast cancer, the list of environmental risk factors includes the individual person's development, exposure to microbes, "medical interventions, dietary exposures to nutrients, energy and toxicants, ionizing radiation, and chemicals from industrial and agricultural processes and from consumer products...reproducti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13704917 | 1,755,987 |
2,111,492 | During the COVID-19 pandemic in North America, Nielsen was appointed to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Technical Expert Panel to identify, analyze, and prioritize measurement gaps for the 2020 Quality Measure Development Plan Annual Report. He was also appointed Interim Chair of the Department of Urolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66213985 | 2,110,277 |
716,605 | With his "Responding to Criticism" ("Ying jian" ), a work modeled on Yang Xiong's "Justification Against Ridicule", Zhang was an early writer and proponent of the Chinese literary genre "shelun", or hypothetical discourse. Authors of this genre created a written dialogue between themselves and an imaginary person (or a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34542 | 716,228 |
300,909 | The living cycads are found across much of the subtropical and tropical parts of the world. The greatest diversity occurs in South and Central America. They are also found in Mexico, the Antilles, southeastern United States, Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Japan, China, Southeast Asia, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=220457 | 300,748 |
835,424 | NASA contracted with Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) to develop moisture- and pH-sensitive sensors to warn of corrosive conditions in aircraft before damage occurs. This sensor changes color in response to contact with its target. After completing the work with NASA, IOS was tasked by the U.S. Department of Defense t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18385902 | 834,975 |
534,272 | Less than one week after turning 18 years old, Jacoby placed third in the 100-meter breaststroke at the 2022 Pro Swim Series in Westmont, Illinois with a time of 1:06.87. In the 200-meter breaststroke, she placed third in the final with a 2:28.22. On the second day of the 2022 USA Swimming International Team Trials in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67608890 | 533,993 |
1,861,885 | Estuaries have large variation in salinity, ranging from entirely fresh water upstream to fully marine water at the ocean boundary. Estuarine systems also experience daily, tidal and seasonal swings in temperature, which affect many of the chemical characteristics of the water and in turn affect the metabolic and calci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38160276 | 1,860,816 |
1,879,194 | Mayo, born in England, emigrated to the British colony of Virginia in 1723. Mayo was the surveyor for Virginia in the Commission of 1727. Later in 1733, he was an assistant to Colonel William Byrd in the surveying of Byrd's land holdings. In 1736, a commission of six men sent a surveying party under Mayo's leadership t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2583946 | 1,878,114 |
1,466,774 | In March 2010, a federal district court judge in the Southern District of New York ruled against Myriad Genetics and in favor of the American Civil Liberties Union that purified DNA sequences and the inventions using them are unpatentable. As has been discussed, Judge Sweet relied entirely upon Supreme Court precedent ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2304859 | 1,465,951 |
612,310 | In the early 2000s, an ambitious state petrochemicals project called for expansion of annual output in that industry from 9 million tons in 2001 to 100 million tons in 2015. Output capacity in 2006 was estimated at 15 million tons. The goal of this expansion is to increase the percentage of Iran's processed petroleum-b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28205267 | 611,999 |
1,224,653 | The wind energy industry is scaling to larger and larger blades, which harvest more energy. However, Dabiri believes that problems associated with large turbines—design difficulties, building costs, increasing areal needs (turbines are sometimes erected a mile apart to ensure good wind flow), eyesore complaints and acc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36529558 | 1,223,993 |
1,915,807 | Although there are many ways to control the growth of barbed goatgrass, a real solution has not been found in its widespread prevention. Barbed goatgrass cross breeds with different types of wheat, causing the grain to become infertile and unusable for harvest, which hurts the economy of the rural California areas. It ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8001422 | 1,914,708 |
731,972 | The second technique, Contour Crafting by Behrohk Khoshnevis, initially began as a novel ceramic extrusion and shaping method, as an alternative to the emerging polymer and metal 3D printing techniques, and was patented in 1995. Khoshnevis realized that this technique could exceed these techniques where "current method... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38673321 | 731,585 |
1,865,717 | Head Coach Jennings's third campaign left the fans unsure of what to expect going forward. Flashes of brilliance with underdog defeats of Minnesota and Oklahoma this year, preceded by upsets of Pittsburgh and Penn State in 1958, were offset by unexplained losses to weak teams and the third overall losing season in a ro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28264581 | 1,864,644 |
1,977,183 | In 1930-31, he earned his specialist degree in physics and successfully defended his thesis on Photomagnetism for his "Doktor Nauk" in 1936. He taught physics at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, and his early work investigated the electrical conductivity and magnetic attractions in metals until 1938. From 1938 till... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9938573 | 1,976,045 |
1,110,509 | On May 21, 1951, the Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) was established as a USAF field activity of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence. ATIC analyzed engine parts and the tail section of a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 and in July, the center received a complete MiG-15 that had crashed. ATIC also obtained IL... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38616763 | 1,109,944 |
1,671,493 | Volumetric capture excels at capturing static data or pre-rendered animated footage. It can not, however, create an imaginary environment or natively allow for any level of interactivity. This is where skilled artists and developers will be in highest demand, creating seamless interactive events and assets to complemen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56687142 | 1,670,553 |
1,488,082 | There are not regulations to protect children from excessive noise exposure, but it is estimated that 5.2 million kids have noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Due to increased worry among both parents and experts regarding NIHL in children, it has been suggested that hearing conservation programs be implemented in scho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12319714 | 1,487,243 |
884,760 | Tiles often fell off and caused much of the delay in the launch of STS-1, the first shuttle mission, which was originally scheduled for 1979 but did not occur until April 1981. NASA was unused to lengthy delays in its programs, and was under great pressure from the government and military to launch soon. In March 1979 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2230989 | 884,296 |
678,126 | In addition to drug therapies and surgical interventions to treat testicular atrophy, lifestyle modifications might also be recommended by healthcare providers. Most lifestyle modifications target factors that contribute to infertility in people with testes. Limiting or abstaining from alcohol intake, smoking, and drug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1150541 | 677,772 |
610,452 | Anaplastic cells display marked pleomorphism (variability). The nuclei are characteristically extremely hyperchromatic (darkly stained) and large. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio may approach 1:1 instead of the normal 1:4 or 1:6. Giant cells that are considerably larger than their neighbors may be formed and possess eith... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3100839 | 610,141 |
52,929 | Nanorobotics is the emerging technology field of creating machines or robots whose components are at or close to the microscopic scale of a nanometer (10 meters). Also known as "nanobots" or "nanites", they would be constructed from molecular machines. So far, researchers have mostly produced only parts of these comple... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25781 | 52,909 |
542,493 | Special provisions would also be necessary to protect against a solar proton event, which could increase fluxes to levels that would kill a crew in hours or days rather than months or years. Potential mitigation strategies include providing a small habitable space behind a spacecraft's water supply or with particularly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14415787 | 542,213 |
2,025,484 | The Physiological Optics Graduate Program (since 1989 called Vision Science Graduate Program) began in 1946, granting its first MS and PhD degrees in 1950. The program has expanded significantly in the last few decades, as the array of new scientific inquiry included fields such as neurobiology, cell biology, infectiou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16653205 | 2,024,318 |
1,072,508 | Following the decline of the Moche, two large co-existing empires emerged in the Andes region. In the north, the Wari (or Huari) Empire, based in their capital city of the same name. The Wari are noted for their stone architecture and sculpture accomplishments, but their greatest proficiency was ceramic. The Wari produ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2482420 | 1,071,954 |
842,653 | In February 2006, QinetiQ was floated on the London Stock Exchange. The privatisation process was subject to an inquiry by the UK's National Audit Office, which was critical of the generous incentive scheme available to the company's management. QinetiQ has completed numerous acquisitions of defence- and technology-rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=663905 | 842,203 |
772,520 | Recent research involving MOFs as a drug delivery method includes more than just the encapsulation of everyday drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin. In early 2018 Chen et al., published detailing their work on the use of MOF, ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8) in antitumor research "to control the release of an autop... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9821563 | 772,104 |
221,276 | Engelbart applied for a patent in 1967 and received it in 1970, for the wooden shell with two metal wheels (computer mouse – ), which he had developed with Bill English, his lead engineer, sometime before 1965. In the patent application it is described as an "X-Y position indicator for a display system". Engelbart late... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8081 | 221,167 |
1,140,032 | Transcytosis is a type of cytosis that allows particles to be shuttled from one membrane to another. An example of this would be when a receptor normally lies on the basal or lateral membrane of an epithelial cell, but needs to be trafficked to the apical side. This can only be done through transcytosis due to tight ju... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21590012 | 1,139,438 |
624,707 | In 2008, 2,170 students were housed in the eight dormitories managed by UPLB. In the academic year 2011–2012, fees for all UPLB dormitories increased by at least 25 percent from the previous rate of ₱350 (US$8) a month. As with the previous dormitory fee increase of 221 percent in 1997, making the dormitories "financia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=719152 | 624,374 |
189,582 | "Super Metroid" was met with critical acclaim. Chris Slate of the "Game Players" video game magazine thoroughly enjoyed "Super Metroid", claiming that it "easily lives up to everyone's high expectations". He was satisfied with how Nintendo mixed complex gameplay with "state-of-the-art" graphics and sound. Slate found t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=355914 | 189,485 |
1,031,112 | Genetic data are high dimensional and dimensionality reduction techniques can capture population structure. Principal component analysis (PCA) was first applied in population genetics in 1978 by Cavalli-Sforza and colleagues and resurged with high-throughput sequencing. Initially PCA was used on allele frequencies at k... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17985779 | 1,030,576 |
1,666,080 | The term “Brownian motor” was originally invented by Swiss theoretical physicist Peter Hänggi in 1995. The Brownian motor, like the phenomenon of Brownian motion that underpinned its underlying theory, was also named after 19th century Scottish botanist Robert Brown, who, while looking through a microscope at pollen of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=508390 | 1,665,142 |
1,535,683 | The Oxford English Dictionary (1993) defines global as, “…pertaining to or involving the world, worldwide” (p. 1101) and international as, “Existing, occurring, or carried on between nations…Agreed on by many nations; used by, or able to be used by (the people of) many nations” (p. 1397). At present the term internatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12691183 | 1,534,815 |
1,873,071 | Fisher was born in 1969 in San Marino, California. Her father was an investment professional and her mother was a homemaker. She graduated from San Marino High School before attending Stanford University. In her freshman year she decided to take a computer science course to learn how to use the IBM PS/2 Model 60 comput... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46946860 | 1,871,994 |
506,674 | Aura Energy's recent announcement that they are about to start drilling at their Motala shale gas project in Sweden, is further evidence of the growing interest in unconventional gas resources. The managing director of Aura Energy, Dr Bob Beeson, a professional geologist with over 35 years of experience in mineral expl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32545907 | 506,410 |
1,690,841 | Perimeter or barrier guarding refers to a barrier placed around a work area where an automated piece of equipment-like a robotic arm-performs a function. This type of guarding is generally a wire partition system, but also can take the form of pressure sensitive mats or light curtains. Wire partitions systems used as m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40772221 | 1,689,894 |
763,016 | The square eyes of the IMP camera are separated by to provide stereoscopic vision and ranging performance to support rover operations. The dual optical paths are folded by two sets of mirrors to bring the light to a single charge-coupled device (CCD). To minimize moving parts, the IMP is electronically shuttered; half ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36694809 | 762,608 |
320,126 | An ISO 9001:2008 certified academic service centre in 2015, The Mahatma Gandhi Central Library finds a unique place in the academic spectrum of the institute. Started in 1848 with a few hundred donated books, its collection has grown to more than 3,50,000 documents in all media. The library contains rare manuscripts in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=315412 | 319,954 |
556,665 | Since then, in order to meet the demands of larger satellites, NASDA started the development of the N-II rocket, the successor to the N-I rocket. The second stage changed to knock-down kit. The nearly 300 kg Himawari 2 was able to be put into geostationary orbit. These rockets made use of United States's Delta rocket's... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30764115 | 556,376 |
2,023,618 | The concept of a hand-held one-piece device that a telephone user would hold against ear and in front of the mouth arose in London shortly after the official invention of the telephone. Although early patents by C. E. McEvoy and G. E. Pritchett did not yield commercial devices in 1877, R. G. Brown of New York succeeded... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=72276050 | 2,022,454 |
1,832,449 | The southern and eastern boundaries of the Saltville Valley are located near the Saltville Thrust Fault, and the northwestern areas are bordered by the Upper Mississippian Little Valley, Hillsdale, and Ste. Genevieve/Gasper limestones. The valley rests on the Upper Mississippian Maccrady Formation, an erratic sequence ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31559276 | 1,831,402 |
461,681 | The American Heart Association rates cardiovascular disease as the number one cause of death in the United States. Each year 1.5 million myocardial infarctions (MI), also known as heart attacks, occur in the United States, with 500,000 leading to deaths. The costs related to heart attacks exceed $60 billion per year. T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6470547 | 461,454 |
248,155 | Attempts at interchangeability of parts can be traced back as far as the Punic Wars through both archaeological remains of boats now in Museo Archeologico Baglio Anselmi and contemporary written accounts. In modern times the idea developed over decades among many people. An early leader was Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9732 | 248,027 |
549,666 | The posture of "Thrinaxodon" is an interesting subject, because it represents a transition between the sprawling behavior of the more lizard-like pelycosaurs and the more upright behavior found in modern, and many extinct, Mammalia. In cynodonts such as "Thrinaxodon", the distal femoral condyle articulates with the ace... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2969781 | 549,378 |
1,353,343 | When an ultra-short (100 femtoseconds or shorter) optical pulse illuminates a semiconductor and its wavelength (energy) is above the energy band-gap of the material, it photogenerates mobile carriers. Most carriers are generated near the surface of the material (typically within 1 micrometre) because pulses are absorbe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1240836 | 1,352,596 |
2,077,774 | The squadron arrived at Gioia del Colle Airfield, Italy at the beginning of January, although the air echelon remained at Telergma Airfield, Algeria until 20 January to conduct additional training. The squadron functioned primarily as a strategic bombing unit, attacking targets like oil refineries, marshalling yards, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28332384 | 2,076,575 |
1,585,192 | Retrieved SST datasets really transformed oceanographic research during the 1980's and has multiple different uses. The SST is a clear climatological indicator linking to the ENSO cycles, weather and climate change but can also highlight movement of ocean water. SST anomalies can highlight mesoscale eddies, ocean front... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67696353 | 1,584,301 |
921,082 | During the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force from Dunkirk, the squadron was based at RAF Manston, as one of the 16 squadrons that No. 11 Group had for the evacuation. On 27 May 264 Squadron claimed three He 111 and two damaged. On 28 May, shortly after take-off, 10 Defiants were attacked by about 30 Bf 109s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=523502 | 920,596 |
323,202 | Despite the lethal potential of "Narcissus" alkaloids, they have been used for centuries as traditional medicines for a variety of complaints, including cancer. Plants thought to be "N. poeticus" and "N. tazetta" are described in the Bible in the treatment for what is thought to be cancer. In the Classical Greek world ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=142854 | 323,030 |
869,858 | The Frenchman Gaston Biot developed a man-lifting kite in 1868. Later, in 1880, Biot demonstrated to the French Society for Aerial Navigation a kite based on an open-ended cone, similar to a windsock but attached to a flat surface. The man-carrying kite was developed a stage further in 1894 by Captain Baden Baden-Powel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1607990 | 869,398 |
815,976 | Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also termed drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), is a rare reaction to certain medications. It involves primarily a widespread skin rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and characteristic blood abnormalities such as an abnormally high level of eosino... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14563386 | 815,542 |
758,691 | For much of the 20th century, the dominant historiography, as exemplified by Ellwood Patterson Cubberley (1868–1941) at Stanford, emphasized the rise of American education as a powerful force for literacy, democracy, and equal opportunity, and a firm basis for higher education and advanced research institutions. Cubber... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9083795 | 758,285 |
1,724,285 | Rhodopsin was originally a synonym for "visual purple", a visual pigment (light-sensitive molecule) found in the retinas of frogs and other vertebrates, used for dim-light vision, and usually found in rod cells. This is still the meaning of rhodopsin in the narrow sense, any protein evolutionarily homologous to this pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48050134 | 1,723,315 |
849,522 | The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) is a $23billion integrated global nonprofit health enterprise that has 92,000 employees, 40 hospitals with more than 8,000 licensed beds, 800 clinical locations including outpatient sites and doctors' offices, a 3.8million-member health insurance division, as well as c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2156973 | 849,071 |
1,046,669 | These expansions can occur through either strand slippage or flap ligation. Okazaki fragments are a key element of the proposed error in DNA replication. It is suggested that the small size of Okazaki fragments, typically between 150 and 200 nucleotides long, makes them more likely to fall off or "slip" off the lagging... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5706520 | 1,046,124 |
614,227 | Vector engraving follows the line and curve of the pattern to be engraved, much like a pen-based plotter draws by constructing line segments from a description of the outlines of a pattern. Much early engraving of signs and plaques (laser or otherwise) used pre-stored font outlines so that letters, numbers or even logo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=763693 | 613,915 |
1,246,518 | The disestablishment of the observatory echoed that of fifty years earlier when Cooke stressed the need for a new location. The Chairman of the Board of Visitors wrote a letter to the Premier in 1979 urging the establishment of a remote observing site for the observatory and stressing the difficulty of the conditions a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3911092 | 1,245,843 |
352,234 | Another leading British geologist, Roderick Murchison, did some of his first fieldwork in southwest England, including Lyme, accompanied by his wife, Charlotte. Murchison wrote that they decided Charlotte should stay behind in Lyme for a few weeks to "become a good practical fossilist, by working with the celebrated Ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38334 | 352,051 |
100,289 | Nonconducting specimens may be imaged without coating using an environmental SEM (ESEM) or low-voltage mode of SEM operation. In ESEM instruments the specimen is placed in a relatively high-pressure chamber and the electron optical column is differentially pumped to keep vacuum adequately low at the electron gun. The h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28034 | 100,244 |
391,493 | The first buildings were designed by a team of architects led by William Pereira and including A. Quincy Jones and William Blurock. The initial landscaping, including Aldrich Park, was designed by an association of three firms, including that of the noted urban-landscaping innovator Robert Herrick Carter. Aldrich Park ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44757 | 391,298 |
221,367 | In 1953, in a private correspondence, Wolfgang Pauli formulated a six-dimensional theory of Einstein's field equations of general relativity, extending the five-dimensional theory of Kaluza, Klein, Fock and others to a higher-dimensional internal space. However, there is no evidence that Pauli developed the Lagrangian ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=672202 | 221,258 |
1,120,806 | Although rare, incorrect base pairing polymerisation does occur during chain elongation. (The structure and chemistry of replicative polymerases mean that errors are unlikely, but they do occur.) Many replicative polymerases contain an "error correction" mechanism in the form of a 3' to 5' exonuclease domain that is ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4263231 | 1,120,232 |
429,523 | Agriculture can be seen as a significant example which the resilience of terrestrial ecosystems should be considered. The organic matter (elements carbon and nitrogen) in soil, which is supposed to be recharged by multiple plants, is the main source of nutrients for crop growth. At the same time, intensive agriculture ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13224331 | 429,313 |
1,278,531 | While a graduate student, Cobb spent the summer of 1949 as an independent investigator at the Marine Biological Laboratory, where she studied the inhibition of cell division in sea urchin ("Arbacia") eggs. This was an early foray into a research interest Cobb would develop extensively in later years: how hormones, ultr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34122329 | 1,277,838 |
134,178 | Crystallography is the science that examines the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids. Crystallography is a useful tool for materials scientists. In single crystals, the effects of the crystalline arrangement of atoms is often easy to see macroscopically, because the natural shapes of crystals reflect the atomic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19622 | 134,123 |
1,420,496 | Frost and Burke started on the Rock Band which sloped at about 50° Instead of taking the most direct line up a groove leading straight upwards, they cut over to the left aiming for the "Flat Iron", named after the similar-looking feature on the Eiger, with Burke doing the lead climbing. The good weather helped with the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60134235 | 1,419,696 |
1,919,723 | Storytelling can be put into different types of forms such as textual, oral, personal, mythical, and sacred storytelling. Storytelling is a tool that is used to learn about life and as a way to witness and remember the past, sharing stories strengthens your bond to your roots as well as gives you a look into your ances... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61793039 | 1,918,623 |
1,051,966 | In astronomy and atomic physics, doubly ionized oxygen is the ion O (O III in spectroscopic notation). Its emission forbidden lines in the visible spectrum fall primarily at the wavelength 500.7 nm, and secondarily at 495.9 nm. Before spectra of oxygen ions became known, these lines once led to a spurious identificatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12772040 | 1,051,420 |
2,151,666 | In 2009, the elementary department transferred to the newly constructed Liem Dela Paz Hall while the High school department was officially opened and housed at the three-storey St. Thomas More Hall. Currently, the school offers a complete K-12 program and is in constant consultation with stakeholders in order to improv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46770166 | 2,150,435 |
1,660,749 | A first initiative came from Ethan Doro, which opened negotiations in the early 1960s to set up a two-year course in Engineering as a branch of Politecnico di Milano. The excessive financial requirements caused the project to lapse. After this first attempt, the creation of the future Schools of Brescia moved along two... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4812226 | 1,659,815 |
305,826 | "A. afarensis" had a tall face, a delicate brow ridge, and prognathism (the jaw jutted outwards). The jawbone was quite robust, similar to that of gorillas. The living size of "A. afarensis" is debated, with arguments for and against marked size differences between males and females. Lucy measured perhaps in height and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=443293 | 305,663 |
1,148,102 | 21-hydroxylase, as a member of the cytochrome P450 family of monooxygenase enzymes, contains a conserved core of a four α-helix bundle, two additional alpha helices, two sets of β-sheets, and a heme cofactor binding loop. Each subunit in the human enzyme consists of a total of 13 α-helices and 9 β-strands that folds in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8852888 | 1,147,497 |
533,322 | External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the most common form of radiotherapy (radiation therapy). The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of ionizing radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. In contrast to brachytherapy (sealed source radiotherapy) and unsealed source radiotherapy, in whic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=273470 | 533,043 |
1,966,186 | For the last several field season, the PLRP has used Deepworker submersibles to enable the scientists to map and explore the deepest parts of the lake, and cover much more area underwater than was previously possible with scuba divers. Deepworker is equipped with HD video cameras, so the scientists who make observation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31489971 | 1,965,057 |
698,569 | The first prototype definitive Mark 32 "VB895" was first flown in June 1946. It was powered by a Griffon 89 engine rated at 2,350 hp (1,752 kW) driving two three-bladed contra-rotating propellers. In August 1946, "VB895" was demonstrated to the Royal Netherlands Navy at Valkenburg. The same aircraft was flown by noted ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4438009 | 698,205 |
1,146,775 | The modern understanding of planetary motion arose from the combined efforts of astronomer Tycho Brahe and physicist Johannes Kepler in the 16th century. Tycho is credited with extremely accurate measurements of planetary motions, from which Kepler was able to derive his laws of planetary motion. According to these law... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12191272 | 1,146,171 |
1,491,874 | The majority of IRTF users prefer to use IRTF remotely. Observers can use IRTF from any location with a high speed internet connection, such as their office or home, anywhere around the world. The observer controls the instrument via a VNC session, just as they would at the summit, and communicates with the telescope o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1529227 | 1,491,035 |
948,356 | The first academy of art was founded in Florence in Italy by Cosimo I de' Medici, on 13 January 1563, under the influence of the architect Giorgio Vasari who called it the "Accademia e Compagnia delle Arti del Disegno" (Academy and Company for the Arts of Drawing) as it was divided in two different operative branches. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=380097 | 947,852 |
10,447 | A "sajal" was ranked below the "ajaw", and indicated a subservient lord. A "sajal" would be lord of a second- or third-tier site, answering to an "ajaw", who may himself have been subservient to a "kalomte". A "sajal" would often be a war captain or regional governor, and inscriptions often link the "sajal" title to wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18449273 | 10,442 |
627,259 | The regulation of spectrum space is strict in Canada, as well having restrictions on second and third adjacent channels, along with other protections for AM and FM commercial radio. In addition, because there have been a few cases that found that FM frequencies have caused interference to the aeronautical navigation an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=272479 | 626,926 |
101,543 | Between installation of a test array followed by a full scale, forty element, prototype operational array in 1951 and 1958 systems were installed in the Atlantic and then the Pacific under the unclassified name "Project Caesar". The original systems were terminated at classified shore stations designated Naval Facility... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29438 | 101,498 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.