doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
197,476 | Kepler was operated out of Boulder, Colorado, by the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) under contract to Ball Aerospace & Technologies. The spacecraft's solar array was rotated to face the Sun at the solstices and equinoxes, so as to optimize the amount of sunlight falling on the solar array and to ke... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=849815 | 197,374 |
286,587 | After Lawrence M. Breed and Philip S. Abrams of Stanford University joined the team at IBM Research, they continued their prior work on an implementation programmed in FORTRAN IV for a part of the notation which had been done for the IBM 7090 computer running on the IBSYS operating system. This work was finished in lat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1451 | 286,432 |
1,905,881 | Epichloë coenophiala is a systemic and seed-transmissible endophyte of tall fescue, a grass endemic to Eurasia and North Africa, but widely naturalized in North America, Australia and New Zealand. The endophyte has been identified as the cause of the "fescue toxicosis" syndrome sometimes suffered by livestock that graz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10548862 | 1,904,785 |
770,946 | According to the Hocabá dictionary, compiled by American anthropologist Victoria Bricker, there is a variant name , literally "flat speech"). A popular, yet false, alternative etymology of Mayab is "ma ya'ab" or "not many," "the few" which derives from New Age spiritualist interpretations of the Maya. The use of "Mayab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=974396 | 770,532 |
1,854,869 | The other significant part of capital flows in the balance of payments is the movement in gold and foreign-exchange reserves held by the government, which represent the funds held by the Bank of Japan to intervene in foreign-exchange markets to affect the value of the yen. In the 1970s, the size of these markets became... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3086593 | 1,853,803 |
2,116,341 | "Utricularia resupinata" was moved to a new genus as the science of botany progressed, and New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) leader John Hendley Barnhart (1871-1949) categorized this species in 1913 under “Lecticula,” a section of the genus "Ultricularia". He based this taxonomy change on its unusual stem bracts noted a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12594368 | 2,115,124 |
2,057,679 | Robinson grew up in Auckland, where he attended Avondale College. After completing a master's degree in mechanical engineering at the University of Auckland's Ardmore campus, between 1958 and 1961, Robinson completed a PhD in Physical Metallurgy at the University of Illinois between 1962 and 1965, his thesis titled "Hi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33032599 | 2,056,494 |
259,070 | Mesoamericans modified their usual vigesimal (base-20) counting system when dealing with calendars to produce a 360-day year. The Aboriginal Australians understood the movement of objects in the sky well, and used their knowledge to construct calendars and aid navigation; most Aboriginal cultures had seasons that were ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14449116 | 258,936 |
10,563 | On 1 March, a new photograph, taken since the initial conflict, was tentatively identified as the tail of the aircraft protruding from its hangar, suggesting that it remained at least partly intact, however, further evidence proved to show that the aircraft is inoperable due to the extreme damage it sustained. On 3 Mar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=406245 | 10,558 |
1,042,082 | Determination of geographic origin: Determining the origin of a certain species aids research in population numbers and lineage data. Phylogenetic studies are most often used to find the broad geographic area of which a species reside. For example, in California seahorses were being sold for traditional medicinal purpo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2122353 | 1,041,539 |
36,679 | The Reliability Enhancement and Re-engining Program (RERP) began in 2006. It includes fitting new General Electric F138-GE-100 (CF6-80C2) engines, pylons and auxiliary power units, and upgrades to aircraft skin and frame, landing gear, cockpit and pressurization systems. Each CF6 engine produces 22% more thrust (), pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=160434 | 36,667 |
441,192 | The prior represents beliefs or knowledge (such as f.e. physical constraints) about formula_1 before formula_2 is available. Since the prior narrows down uncertainty, the posterior estimates have less variance, but might be biased. For convenience the prior is often specified by choosing a particular distribution among... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11864519 | 440,977 |
941,426 | Projects from 1923 to 1935 like Lissitzky and Mart Stam's Wolkenbügel horizontal skyscrapers and Konstantin Melnikov's temporary pavilions showed the originality and ambition of this new group. Melnikov would design the Soviet Pavilion at the Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts of 1925, which popularised the new style,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6795854 | 940,924 |
725,892 | The novel begins when Korchagin is 12, living in the town of Shepetovka in Ukraine. He gets kicked out of school for putting tobacco in some bread dough and must go to work as a dishwasher. As a dishwasher he is beaten by a coworker, but his brother Artyom defends him. The novel jumps forward to age 16 when he is worki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=855564 | 725,511 |
5,909 | Computer chess has also seen major advances. By the 1990s, chess engines could consistently defeat most amateurs, and in 1997 Deep Blue defeated World Champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match, starting an era of computer dominance at the highest level of chess. In the 2010s, engines of superhuman strength became acc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5134 | 5,906 |
670,944 | Shortly after assuming command as Chief of the Navy, Montecuccoli drafted his first proposal for a modern Austrian fleet in the spring of 1905. It was to consist of 12 battleships, 4 armored cruisers, 8 scout cruisers, 18 destroyers, 36 high seas torpedo craft, and 6 submarines. While these plans were ambitious, they l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1089216 | 670,592 |
329,019 | The game takes place in an alternate timeline in which an accelerated Space Race resulted in humankind taking to orbital stations far earlier. The player controls Morgan Yu while exploring the space station "Talos I", in orbit around Earth–Moon L, where they were part of a scientific team researching the Typhon, a host... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11718979 | 328,845 |
1,967,339 | BRSMG Cb 2335 was destroyed during a World War II air raid on 24 November 1940, however detailed descriptions and illustrations of the specimen as well as high quality historical photographs still exist to this day. Additionally, at least three casts are known, including: NHMUK R1309/1310 housed at the Natural History ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46526599 | 1,966,209 |
1,702,276 | Areas devastated by war or invasion challenge urban planners. Resources are scarce. The existing population has needs. Buildings, roads, services and basic infrastructure like power, water and sewerage are often damaged, but with salvageable parts. Historic, religious or social centres also need to be preserved and re-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46187159 | 1,701,321 |
1,621,113 | Despite the growth of the Evanston campus, the trustees sought to establish professional and academic schools within Chicago. In 1870, the Chicago Medical College, located in the south side of Chicago, merged with a School of Medicine founded in 1859. An 1873 agreement merged the Union College of Law and the Old Univer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10414221 | 1,620,198 |
1,828,669 | Scientific racism of the late 19th and early 20th centuries attempted to identify biological, intellectual, and physiological differences among races. Lasting effects of the scientific racism include racial stereotypes about students of color and preconceived notions of STEM as predominantly a white, male field. A stud... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69907759 | 1,827,629 |
177,346 | Electrons can also be completely removed from a chemical species such as an atom, molecule, or ion. Complete removal of an electron from an atom can be a form of ionization, which is effectively moving the electron out to an orbital with an infinite principal quantum number, in effect so far away so as to have practica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59444 | 177,254 |
676,165 | Taxus brevifolia" var. "reptaneta is a shrub variety that generally occurs in the mid to upper elevation range of the typical variety, at its southernmost occurrence in the Klamath Mountains region, and at lower elevations further north. It is distinguished from young trees of the typical variety (var. "brevifolia") by... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2432450 | 675,812 |
251,772 | Inspired by the chronicles of earlier and contemporary travelling naturalists, Wallace decided to travel abroad. He later wrote that Darwin's "Journal" and Humboldt's "Personal Narrative" were "the two works to whose inspiration I owe my determination to visit the tropics as a collector." After reading "A voyage up the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1494 | 251,639 |
825,931 | Fluorescence detection can also be used in capillary electrophoresis for samples that naturally fluoresce or are chemically modified to contain fluorescent tags. This mode of detection offers high sensitivity and improved selectivity for these samples, but cannot be utilized for samples that do not fluoresce. Numerous ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1233278 | 825,487 |
641,843 | The principle of injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber at the moment at which combustion is required to start was first invented by George Brayton in 1887, but it has been used to good effect in petrol engines for a long time. Brayton describes his invention as follows: "I have discovered that heavy oils ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=158755 | 641,504 |
1,662,795 | Parallel work was carried out on Air-to-Surface-Vessel radar (ASV) for use by Coastal Command aircraft for hunting U-boats at sea, initially using the Lockheed Hudson equipped with an early version of ASV. Success with the new equipment led to mounting the equipment onto Vickers Wellingtons and Sunderland flying boats,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1444212 | 1,661,860 |
621,516 | Alternatively, it may be desirable to abstract the mechanisms of the array storage container from the user by defining a custom object-oriented MATLAB implementation of the Iterator Pattern. Such an implementation supporting external iteration is demonstrated in MATLAB Central File Exchange item Design Pattern: Iterato... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=172640 | 621,184 |
1,351,551 | The gamma secretase complex consists of four individual proteins: PSEN1 (presenilin-1), nicastrin, APH-1 (anterior pharynx-defective 1), and PEN-2 (presenilin enhancer 2). Recent evidence suggests that a fifth protein, known as CD147, is a non-essential regulator of the complex whose absence increases activity. Preseni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7731934 | 1,350,805 |
1,387,553 | Similar to endometriosis, cases of endosalpingiosis that cause significant amounts of pain can be treated with excision surgery by a specialist, though this is not a cure. Removal of the tissues, cysts, and adhesions can help to greatly reduce symptoms. Some surgeons believe add-back therapy with progesterone to also b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27499063 | 1,386,786 |
1,593,072 | The first seizures of nuclear or otherwise radioactive material were reported in Switzerland and Italy in 1991. Later, reports of incidents of nuclear material occurred in Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary and other central European countries. Nuclear Forensics became a new branch of scientific research with the int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36022927 | 1,592,175 |
346,393 | A major part of decision-making involves the analysis of a finite set of alternatives described in terms of evaluative criteria. Then the task might be to rank these alternatives in terms of how attractive they are to the decision-maker(s) when all the criteria are considered simultaneously. Another task might be to fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=265752 | 346,212 |
2,044,564 | Born in Kirkby-in-Ashfield in Nottinghamshire, John Webster, along with his twin brother, was the youngest of four children. He studied for his degree at the University of Nottingham between 1943 and 1945. After gaining a first class honours degree, he moved to Hull University in 1946 to become assistant lecturer. Ther... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47657333 | 2,043,383 |
1,642,573 | Huxley was the first PhD student of Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Medical Research Council at Cambridge, where he worked on X-ray diffraction studies on muscle fibres. In the 1950s he was one of the first to use electron microscopy to study biological specimens. During his postdoctoral at Massachusetts Institu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3383286 | 1,641,646 |
129,311 | The Student Life Centre is the centre of student governance and student directed social, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities, open seven days a week, year-round. The Student Life Centre contains the offices of a number of student organizations, including the Waterloo Undergraduate Student Association (W... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=73276 | 129,259 |
2,079,342 | The notch/STAT3-Ser/Hes3 signaling axis is a recently identified signal transduction branch of the notch signaling pathway, originally shown to regulate the number of neural stem cells in culture and in the living adult brain. Pharmacological activation of this pathway opposed the progression of neurodegenerative disea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38262758 | 2,078,143 |
1,448,504 | Aquaculture production of "C. matthewsi" sponges was undertaken by the Marine and Environmental Research Institute of Pohnpei (MERIP), to try and generate a sustainable income for local community residents with few options to earn money. The sponges take approximately two years to reach harvestable size, with free dive... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32630289 | 1,447,688 |
2,181,090 | A different game objective is created every year, intended to test the competitors' skills in creative design and functionality. Team registration usually ends in January, and is open to any college or university team. Multiple independent teams from the same university are allowed. Participating teams from universitie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16352242 | 2,179,845 |
739,430 | consists of two nested models linked via parametric space. The short-wavelength part describes the interior structure of the fluid element using a non-perturbative approach based on the Logarithmic Schrödinger equation; it suggests the Gaussian-like behaviour of the element's interior density and interparticle interact... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27573 | 739,038 |
75,305 | The second part of the Diriyah double-header again saw a Mercedes take pole, this time it was de Vries. He held the lead during the early stages of the race, but was later passed by Lucas di Grassi around the outside in turn 18, with the latter's team-mate Edoardo Mortara also coming through one lap later. Mortara was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66678049 | 75,277 |
1,492,060 | INSAT-3D is a meteorological, data relay and satellite aided search and rescue satellite developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation and was launched successfully on 26 July 2013 using an Ariane 5 ECA launch vehicle from French Guiana. The satellite has many new technology elements like star sensor, micro stepp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29888774 | 1,491,221 |
977,641 | NJIT offers 51 undergraduate (Bachelor of Science/Arts) majors and 71 graduate (Masters and PhD) programs. Via its Honors College it also offers professional programs in Healthcare and Law in collaboration with nearby institutions including Rutgers Medical School and Seton Hall Law School. Cross-registration with Rutge... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=283853 | 977,130 |
632,888 | Research indicates that the main area of the brain associated with the working memory is the prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain. This area deals with cognition and contains two major neural loops or pathways that are central to processing tasks via the working memory: t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=357777 | 632,550 |
178,672 | The Xerox Alto had a multitasking microprogrammable control unit that performed almost all I/O. This design provided most of the features of a modern PC with only a tiny fraction of the electronic logic. The dual-thread computer was run by the two lowest-priority microthreads. These performed calculations whenever I/O ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6557 | 178,579 |
1,419,885 | Phloem loading is the process of loading carbon into the phloem for transport to different 'sinks' in a plant. Sinks include metabolism, growth, storage, and other processes or organs that need carbon solutes to persist. It can be a passive process, relying on a pressure gradient to generate diffusion of solutes throug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52344344 | 1,419,086 |
23,222 | After scoring no victories in 2006, the team returned to competitve status in . That year saw Fernando Alonso race alongside Formula One debutant and long-time McLaren protégé Lewis Hamilton. The pair scored four wins each and led the Drivers' Championship for much of the year, but tensions arose within the team, BBC S... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20994 | 23,213 |
165,370 | Between 1941 and 1943, the British combined the two techniques in the armour-piercing discarding sabot (APDS) round. The sabot replaced the outer metal shell of the APCR. While in the gun, the shot had a large base area to get maximum acceleration from the propelling charge but once outside, the sabot fell away to reve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51932 | 165,285 |
1,982,069 | This changed, however, with the publication of an analysis of the Dundee Corpus by Kennedy and Pynte published in 2005. This involved French and English readers working through extended passages of text taken from newspaper articles. Shortly afterwards, Kliegl and colleagues in the University of Potsdam published an ev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21438616 | 1,980,930 |
18,760 | The Gw Pat 90 was designed for the SIG SG 550 when it came into production in 1987, replacing the SIG SG 510. Previous experience of a change in standard rifle had proved that changing the distance of fire for the training ranges was more expensive than the design of a new ammunition; this prompted the design of a cart... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35022 | 18,752 |
140,342 | Hawking then describes Aristotle and Newton's belief in absolute time, i.e. time can be measured accurately regardless of the state of motion of the observer. However, Hawking writes that this commonsense notion does not work at or near the speed of light. He mentions Danish scientist Ole Rømer's discovery that light t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67227 | 140,285 |
599,919 | A gauge theory is a type of theory in physics. The word gauge means a measurement, a thickness, an in-between distance (as in railroad tracks), or a resulting number of units per certain parameter (a number of loops in an inch of fabric or a number of lead balls in a pound of ammunition). Modern theories describe physi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=291912 | 599,613 |
13,195 | The loss of 30% of the country's generating capacity led to much greater reliance on liquified natural gas and coal. Unusual conservation measures were undertaken. In the immediate aftermath, nine prefectures served by TEPCO experienced power rationing. The government asked major companies to reduce power consumption b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31162817 | 13,190 |
181,700 | The first horn of the dilemma (i.e. that which is right is commanded by God "because it is right") goes by a variety of names, including intellectualism, rationalism, realism, naturalism, and objectivism. Roughly, it is the view that there are independent moral standards: some actions are right or wrong in themselves, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=525885 | 181,605 |
1,739,677 | Darwin's theory radically altered popular and scientific opinion about the development of life. However, he lacked evidence and explanations for some critical components of the evolutionary process. He could not explain the source of variation in traits within a species, and did not have a mechanism of heredity that co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53867278 | 1,738,697 |
1,975,241 | The precombustion chamber patented in 1909 by L'Orange connects to the engine cylinder via a restricted passage, or burner. In operation, a narrow cone of fuel is sprayed down towards the burner by the single orifice injector nozzle. At this time the technology did not exist to manufacture nozzles with multiple orifice... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20745222 | 1,974,104 |
313,280 | Other important articles from this period include "Elektronische und Instrumentale Musik" ("Electronic and Instrumental Music", 1958), "Musik im Raum" ("Music in Space", 1958), "Musik und Graphik" ("Music and Graphics", 1959), "Momentform" (1960), "Die Einheit der musikalischen Zeit" ("The Unity of Musical Time", 1961)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17268 | 313,112 |
1,978,475 | The type species is known from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation in Dorset, England. The Kimmeridge Clay hosts a wealth of marine fossils dating to the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian stages of the Late Jurassic, many of which are incredibly well preserved, however unfortunately very little has been published. At the time, Euro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19043425 | 1,977,337 |
1,377,153 | Statistics on the reliability of incident reporting for injuries related to manipulation of the cervical spine vary. The RAND study assumed that only 1 in 10 cases would have been reported. However, Prof Ernst surveyed neurologists in Britain for cases of serious neurological complications occurring within 24 hours of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7790174 | 1,376,391 |
1,221,161 | In the philosophy of science, epistemic humility refers to a posture of scientific observation rooted in the recognition that (a) knowledge of the world is always interpreted, structured, and filtered by the observer, and that, as such, (b) scientific pronouncements must be built on the recognition of observation's ina... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59739170 | 1,220,505 |
1,142,159 | Since we exist in webs of significance and the objective analysis would detach us from a concrete reality which we are all part of it, Weber suggested ideal-types; an analytical and conceptual construct "formed by the accentuation of one or more points of view and by the synthesis of a great many diffuse, discrete, mor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21763531 | 1,141,565 |
105,791 | René Descartes' first cosmological treatise, written between 1629 and 1633 and titled "The World", included a heliocentric model, but Descartes abandoned it in the light of Galileo's treatment. In his "Principles of Philosophy" (1644), Descartes introduced a mechanical model in which planets do not move relative to the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=244588 | 105,746 |
758,667 | When liberals regained control of Congress in 1964, they passed numerous Great Society programs supported by President Lyndon B. Johnson to expand federal support for education. The Higher Education Act of 1965 set up federal scholarships and low-interest loans for college students, and subsidized better academic libra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9083795 | 758,261 |
232,183 | On 9 October, Hoth was appointed commander of the 17th Army in Ukraine. This army's previous commander, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel, had been criticized for his "timid leadership", and the OKH deemed Hoth to be the right individual to get the 17th Army to advance more aggressively. This decision was motivated by the a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=261665 | 232,064 |
1,428,537 | On the second day, Ennis initially struggled with the long jump, but figured out her marks eventually posting a respectable 6.48m. Reigning World Champion Tatyana Chernova had the best mark in the event with 6.54m. Sofia Ifadidou came first in the javelin, setting a new Olympic best of 56.96m while Ennis was over 7 met... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31815988 | 1,427,733 |
1,214,197 | The term "foil" is used to describe the shape of the blade cross-section at a given point, with no distinction for the type of fluid, (thus referring to either an "airfoil" or "hydrofoil"). In the helical design, the blades curve around the axis, which has the effect of evenly distributing the foil sections throughout ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8148752 | 1,213,545 |
2,103,780 | Facial surgery is often voluntary to make features more aesthetically pleasing. Rhinoplasty is exceedingly common, with 220,000 procedures occurring each year. They are used for improving the outward appearance of the nose and for improving nasal airway flow. The first step is an incision into the columella, the skin c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62547618 | 2,102,568 |
1,330,509 | In 1905, George Darwin subsequently calculated the gravitational force between two bodies at extremely close range to determine if geometrical effects would lead to a deviation from Newton's law. Here Darwin replaced Le Sage's cage-like units of ordinary matter with microscopic hard spheres of uniform size. He conclude... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=307258 | 1,329,780 |
1,965,873 | On 14 May 1932, "Unalga" left the Curtis Bay depot bound for her assignment at Port Everglades, Florida, and she arrived on 24 May for patrol duties. On 7 September 1933 she left Port Everglades for Key West, Florida, after being assigned to the Navy Special Service Squadron to be used to patrol the Florida Straits dur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42183952 | 1,964,744 |
767,047 | The current institution finds its roots in the creation of the "École normale de l'an III" by the post-revolutionary National Convention led by Robespierre in 1794. The school was created based on a recommendation by Joseph Lakanal and Dominique-Joseph Garat, who were part of the commission on public education. The "Éc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=317478 | 766,636 |
1,193,977 | In 2001 David Liu and co-workers showed that complementary DNA oligonucleotides can be used to assist certain synthetic reactions, which do not efficiently take place in solution at low concentration. A DNA-heteroduplex was used to accelerate the reaction between chemical moieties displayed at the extremities of the tw... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22810768 | 1,193,337 |
71,796 | Learning how to calculate with the abacus may improve capacity for mental calculation. Abacus-based mental calculation (AMC), which was derived from the abacus, is the act of performing calculations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, in the mind by manipulating an imagined abacus. It is a h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=655 | 71,769 |
1,632,534 | As MDCs contain low electrical conductivity in the desalination chamber and additional energy is not applied to the system, electron conductive-resins are applied to improve conductivity, decrease internal resistance and increase the desalination process of brackish waters. Brackish waters are low in salinity with a hi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56340743 | 1,631,612 |
1,102,470 | The present director is Padma Shri Professor C. N. Manjunath, an academic and interventional cardiologist. Manjunath is reported to have been the innovator of a new method of balloon mitral valvuloplasty. His researches have been published in several articles and scientific papers published in peer reviewed national an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10352522 | 1,101,909 |
1,561,499 | The 600 Brandenburg soldiers were allowed to leave Aachen with their flags and were replaced by 1,200 Catholic Germans under the Count of Emden. Although the soldiers of the Spanish army, after several years of inactivity following the beginning of the Twelve Years' Truce (in 1609) with the Dutch Republic, expected to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37002727 | 1,560,613 |
409,838 | The second "Uranverein" began after the HWA squeezed out the "Reichsforschungsrat" (RFR, Reich Research Council) of the REM and started the formal German nuclear weapons project under military auspices. This second "Uranverein" was formed on 1 September 1939, the day World War II began, and had its first meeting on 16 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1397318 | 409,636 |
1,874,173 | The British Society for Parasitology was founded in the 1950s, largely due to Bishop's efforts. She was initially given only five pounds and a secretary to start the Society; to raise funds Bishop passed around a pudding basin at the Society's meetings. The society was originally a subgroup of the Institute of Biology ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37385853 | 1,873,096 |
560,076 | Structural biologists have made significant contributions towards understanding the molecular components and mechanisms underlying human diseases. For example, cryo-EM and ssNMR have been used to study the aggregation of amyloid fibrils, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and type II di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29400 | 559,787 |
798,851 | Acetylated histones, the octomeric protein cores of nucleosomes, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Studies have shown that one modification has the tendency to influence whether another modification will take place. Modifications of histones can not only cause secondary structural changes at their... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9957063 | 798,426 |
935,246 | In people with either type of dementia, rivastigmine has been shown to provide meaningful symptomatic effects that may allow patients to remain independent and ‘be themselves’ for longer. In particular, it appears to show marked treatment effects in patients showing a more aggressive course of disease, such as those wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30864303 | 934,752 |
743,617 | Power beaming from geostationary orbit by microwaves carries the difficulty that the required 'optical aperture' sizes are very large. For example, the 1978 NASA SPS study required a 1-km diameter transmitting antenna, and a 10 km diameter receiving rectenna, for a microwave beam at 2.45 GHz. These sizes can be somewha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6757017 | 743,223 |
1,241,653 | The method was developed by groups of dermatologists directed by: Lidia Rudnicka in Poland, Antonella Tosti and Giuseppe Micali in Italy and Shigeki Inui in Japan. In 2004 Francesco Lacarrubba and coworkers first described videodermoscopic features of alopecia areata (micro-exclamation hairs, yellow hyperkeratotic hair... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21136035 | 1,240,981 |
5,473 | With the rising importance of central administration in Egypt, a new class of educated scribes and officials arose who were granted estates by the king in payment for their services. Kings also made land grants to their mortuary cults and local temples, to ensure that these institutions had the resources to worship the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=874 | 5,470 |
1,092,828 | His biggest role has been the discovery of the "scale-free networks". He reported the scale-free nature of the WWW in 1999 and the same year, in a Science paper with Réka Albert, he proposed the Barabási–Albert model, predicting that growth and preferential attachment are jointly responsible for the emergence of the sc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1554371 | 1,092,268 |
2,085,335 | John David Macbride, the son of John MacBride (a naval officer and politician), was born in Plympton St Maurice, Devon, on 28 June 1778. He studied at Cheam School and Exeter College, Oxford, becoming a fellow of the college in 1800. He married in 1805, giving up his fellowship, and began to study law; he obtained his ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29365417 | 2,084,134 |
589,754 | The unpopulated board was fed into a rapid placement machine. These machines, sometimes called chip shooters, place mainly low-precision, simple package components such as resistors and capacitors. These high-speed P&P machines were built around a single turret design capable of mounting up to two dozen stations. As th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2383713 | 589,452 |
1,062,080 | In 1959, the Alberta provincial government decided to build an Edmonton facility to supplement apprenticeship and vocational training, which was at the time handled by the Provincial Institute of Technology (PITA) in Calgary. The new institution would be named the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT) and PIT... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=537700 | 1,061,526 |
38,122 | The mathematical foundations of statistics developed from discussions concerning games of chance among mathematicians such as Gerolamo Cardano, Blaise Pascal, Pierre de Fermat, and Christiaan Huygens. Although the idea of probability was already examined in ancient and medieval law and philosophy (such as the work of J... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26685 | 38,109 |
1,011,925 | The first British expedition—organized and financed by the newly formed Mount Everest Committee—came under the leadership of Colonel Charles Howard-Bury, with Harold Raeburn as mountaineering leader, and included George Mallory, Guy Bullock, and Edward Oliver Wheeler. It was primarily for mapping and reconnaissance to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5208803 | 1,011,404 |
402,803 | In support of the nutritional hypothesis, it is known that, in the United States, the average height before 1900 was about 10 cm (~4 inches) shorter than it is today. Possibly related to the Flynn effect is a similar change of skull size and shape during the last 150 years. A Norwegian study found that height gains wer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11773 | 402,603 |
1,909,286 | Memory is one of the brain's most critical functions. It has the infinite ability to store information about events and experiences that occur constantly. Experiences shape the way memories form, so major stressors on socioeconomic status can impact memory development. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measurement of soc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44390130 | 1,908,188 |
1,525,680 | Using a cathodoluminescence microscope, structures within crystals or fabrics can be made visible which cannot be seen in normal light conditions. Thus, for example, valuable information on the growth of minerals can be obtained. CL-microscopy is used in geology, mineralogy and materials science (rocks, minerals, volca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=787945 | 1,524,819 |
1,682,628 | In the early 2000s, the museum hosted several major exhibits that drew hundreds of thousands of visitors, including "BODY WORLDS"; "Tutankhamun: The Golden King and the Great Pharaohs;" ";" "Real Pirates: The Untold Story of the" Whydah "from Slave Ship to Pirate Ship;" "The Science Behind Pixar", and more. It also add... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1411172 | 1,681,685 |
90,883 | AutoCAD Mobile and AutoCAD Web (formerly AutoCAD WS and AutoCAD 360) is an account-based mobile and web application enabling registered users to view, edit, and share AutoCAD files via mobile device and web using a limited AutoCAD feature set — and using cloud-stored drawing files. The program, which is an evolution an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2753 | 90,843 |
671,014 | Use of the CBRS band will not require spectrum license, and it has been asserted that they will reduce the cost of data transmissions. However, users will be required to pay their Spectrum Access System (SAS) a "reasonable" fee for access, even when only using GAA channels. This will enable carriers "to deploy 5G faste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53487128 | 670,662 |
156,328 | Doctoral robes are typically black, although some schools use robes in the school's colours. The Code calls for the outside shell of the hood ("see", below) to remain black in that case, however. In general, doctoral gowns are similar to the gowns worn by bachelor's graduates, with the addition of three velvet bands on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=337921 | 156,256 |
1,326,914 | A new theoretical framework for interpretation was advanced during the 1970s when Donald D. Clayton rejected the popular belief among meteoriticists that the solar system began as a uniform hot gas. Instead he predicted that unusual but predictable isotopic compositions would be found within thermally condensed interst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=248950 | 1,326,187 |
1,951,252 | From the early years of its formation, the university brought higher education to working people, with H. G. Leonard, a lecturer in history, becoming president of the Bristol branch of the Workers' Educational Association. After the war, government grants allowed the setting up of departments of extramural adult educat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17701372 | 1,950,131 |
323,627 | New Caledonian crows ("Corvus moneduloides") are notable for their highly developed tool fabrication. They make angling tools of twigs and leaves trimmed into hooks, and then subsequently use the hooks to pull insect larvae from tree holes. Tools are engineered according to task, and apparently, also to learned prefere... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=162577 | 323,455 |
1,626,433 | Starting with three colored whiteboard pens representing each of the types of layers, MET, POLY, DIFF, Conway developed a set of design rules that worked on every current process. Further development led to the realization that all of the dimensions could be expressed as multiples of some fundamental minimum feature si... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3548726 | 1,625,515 |
338,709 | Another use of methylene blue is to treat ifosfamide neurotoxicity. Methylene blue was first reported for treatment and prophylaxis of ifosfamide neuropsychiatric toxicity in 1994. A toxic metabolite of ifosfamide, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA), disrupts the mitochondrial respiratory chain, leading to an accumulation of nic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=238790 | 338,529 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.