doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
384,244 | When biodiesel is cooled below a certain point, some of the molecules aggregate and form crystals. The fuel starts to appear cloudy once the crystals become larger than one quarter of the wavelengths of visible light – this is the cloud point (CP). As the fuel is cooled further these crystals become larger. The lowest ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=188551 | 384,049 |
1,695,642 | The Strong Field Limit is the exact opposite limit to the weak field where the square modulus of the Rabi frequency of the electromagnetic field is much larger than the rate of spontaneous emission of the two-level atom. When a strong field is applied to the atom, a single peak is no longer observed in fluorescent ligh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11230975 | 1,694,690 |
1,043,255 | Extreme Networks, by virtue of their acquisition of the Avaya Networking business and assets, is currently the leading exponent of SPB-based deployments; their enhanced and extended implementation of SPB - including integrated Layer 3 IP Routing and IP Multicast functionality - is marketed under the banner of the "Fabr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23094504 | 1,042,711 |
1,178,585 | After World War II, many scientists from the physical side of science turned to biology, bringing with them a new way of thinking and expertise. John Kendrew joined Perutz's group to study a protein closely related to hemoglobin — myoglobin — in 1946. In 1947, the Medical Research Council (MRC), under the guidance of i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5092142 | 1,177,961 |
1,826,901 | In 2022 Themis Prodromakis was appointed the tenth Regius Professor of Engineering. He is the Director of the Centre for Electronics Frontiers, holds a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies, is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the British Computer Society, the IET and the Institute of P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41116100 | 1,825,862 |
1,555,773 | DDFT tenotomy is usually recommended in cases of laminitis and coffin bone rotation that is chronic or non-responsive to other forms of treatment. Transection of the DDFT reduces the pull on the bottom of the coffin bone, and subsequently decreases the stress placed on the laminae of the hoof. A horse will not be athle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45517504 | 1,554,890 |
220,115 | Early in his life, Catmull found inspiration in Disney movies, including "Peter Pan" and "Pinocchio", and wanted to be an animator; however, after finishing high school, he had no idea how to get there as there were no animation schools around that time. Because he also liked math and physics, he chose a scientific car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=174051 | 220,006 |
147,130 | miRNAs can be either upregulated or downregulated in response to chronic alcohol use. miR-206 expression increased in the prefrontal cortex of alcohol-dependent rats, targeting the transcription factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ultimately reducing its expression. BDNF plays a critical role in the for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=156964 | 147,072 |
177,423 | Researchers Bradley, Codispoti, Cuthbert and Lang wanted to further examine the emotional reactions in picture priming. Instead of using an appetitive stimulus they used stimulus sets from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). The image set includes various unpleasant pictures such as snakes, insects, atta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3471186 | 177,331 |
285,361 | Classicists were tested by being presented phrases from the classic texts. Then they had to write the whole paragraph to complete the phrase. If the examinee was able to correctly answer five of ten questions, they passed. This was considered such an easy task that a 30-year-old candidate was said to be old for a class... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=244479 | 285,207 |
1,168,879 | After his work on "Killer Instinct", Hollis was interested in leading a team to produce a Nintendo 64 video game based on the 1995 "James Bond" film "GoldenEye", an idea that had been proposed to Rare at the highest level. The resulting game, "GoldenEye 007", was inspired by "Virtua Cop" and released in 1997 to conside... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2481875 | 1,168,261 |
1,775,896 | The object to be weighed is placed on one plate, and calibrated masses are added to and subtracted from the other plate until level is reached. The mass of the object is equal to the mass of the calibrated masses regardless of where on the plates the items are placed. Since the vertical beams are always vertical, and t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2930612 | 1,774,899 |
112,910 | Winner viewed technology as a "form of life" that not only aids human activity, but that also represents a powerful force in reshaping that activity and its meaning. For example, the use of robots in the industrial workplace may increase productivity, but they also radically change the process of production itself, the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1944675 | 112,865 |
394,917 | On November 11, 2007 Intel presented Yorkfield-based Xeons – called Harpertown (product code 80574) – to the public. This family consists of dual die quad-core CPUs manufactured on a 45 nm process and featuring 1066 MHz, 1333 MHz, 1600 MHz front-side buses, with TDP rated from 40 W to 150 W depending on the model. Thes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=269920 | 394,722 |
974,850 | News that these analog data tapes were missing emerged on August 5, 2006, when the print and online versions of "The Sydney Morning Herald" published a story with the title "One giant blunder for mankind: how NASA lost moon pictures". The missing tapes were among over 700 boxes of magnetic data tapes recorded throughou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6549167 | 974,339 |
838,027 | An intermediate frequency was first used in the superheterodyne radio receiver, invented by American scientist Major Edwin Armstrong in 1918, during World War I. A member of the Signal Corps, Armstrong was building radio direction finding equipment to track German military signals at the then-very high frequencies of 5... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=83139 | 837,578 |
1,677,995 | The specific molecular mechanism that underpins this movement disorder is not well known. However, most researchers suggest that it follows an autosomal dominant genetic inheritance pattern in which mutations in certain genes give rise to structural abnormalities in nervous system networks responsible for voluntary ske... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34489456 | 1,677,052 |
320,015 | Decoherence has been used to understand the possibility of the collapse of the wave function in quantum mechanics. Decoherence does not generate "actual" wave-function collapse. It only provides a framework for "apparent" wave-function collapse, as the quantum nature of the system "leaks" into the environment. That is,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=185732 | 319,843 |
767,265 | The 711 Research Institute saw this special engine research process as an opportunity to train large numbers of technicians. Starting with fewer than 10 individuals at the outset, the project has grown to a team of over 100. In 1998, the first experimental sample was built and a decade later and after a dozen technolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5464562 | 766,854 |
69,942 | SA80 development was complicated from the start. One complication was at least three project staffing changes at the Royal Small Arms Factory, which resulted in repetition of testing several times. One problem with the design of the gun itself was that the cases would be ejected at constantly varying angles as it heate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=84350 | 69,915 |
556,556 | Membrane air dryers are designed to operate continuously, 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. Membrane air dryers are quiet, reliable and require no electricity to operate. If set up and operated properly, membrane dryers can produce extremely low dew points. For this reason they are very common in laboratories, medical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56765008 | 556,267 |
967,143 | The β-lactam like structure of clavulanic acid looks structurally similar to penicillin, but the biosynthesis of this molecule involves a different biochemical pathway. Clavulanic acid is produced by the bacterium "Streptomyces clavuligerus", using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and -arginine as starting materials. Althoug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749180 | 966,633 |
980,634 | Initial hardware at CH stations was as follows: The transmitter operated on four pre-selected frequencies between 20 and 55 MHz, adjustable within 15 seconds, and delivered a peak power of 200 kW. The pulse duration was adjustable between 5 and 25 μs, with a repetition rate selectable as either 25 or 50 Hz. For synchro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1280053 | 980,122 |
1,012,331 | The signs and symptoms are generally flu-like. They include fever, chills, nausea, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, joint pains, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, pneumonia, chest pain, change in blood pressure, dizziness, and coughing. A sweet or metallic taste in the mouth may also be reported, along with a dry ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2111308 | 1,011,810 |
761,406 | The Iraqi Air Force suffered almost complete obliteration in the opening stages of the Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991). It lost most of its aircraft, as well as command-and-control capability, to precise Coalition strikes or when Iraqi personnel flew their aircraft to Iran. Iraqi Anti-aircraft defen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=537478 | 760,999 |
1,400,990 | Starting from the assumption that two wetted surfaces will stick together, e.g. the bottom of a glass cup on a wet counter top, will help to explain the idea of how capillary condensation causes two surfaces to bridge together. When looking at the Kelvin equation, where relative humidity comes into play, condensation t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20532488 | 1,400,203 |
1,629,351 | From 1931 to 1936 its director was Corradino Mineo, an academician of the Lincei, who had a second term from 1938 to 1948, after the directorship of Francesco Zagar. They were years characterized by great difficulties of the institution, which had already seen, in the reform of 1923, declassification to a simple astron... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526594 | 1,628,432 |
2,078,447 | The pyramid and surround infrastructure was built by the City of Kolding as a pilot project. Once finished, it was given to the inhabitants of the block as a gift. The residents continue to use the pyramid to purify their wastewater, but all other functions it was planned to serve has ceased. Of the 120 homes it serves... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31656946 | 2,077,248 |
777,511 | IAI subsidiary Elta held responsibility for the electronic warfare self-protection systems. These are claimed to have been capable of rapid threat identification and automated response, incorporating a suite of active and passive countermeasures, such as power-managed noise and deception jamming systems. Both podded an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1254910 | 777,094 |
574,289 | Voltage-dependence may be regulated by external K, by internal Mg, by internal ATP and/or by G-proteins. The P domains of IRK channels exhibit limited sequence similarity to those of the VIC family. Inward rectifiers play a role in setting cellular membrane potentials, and closing of these channels upon depolarization ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2864442 | 573,995 |
327,751 | He notes that both A. P. de Candolle and Charles Lyell had stated that all organisms are exposed to severe competition. Darwin emphasizes that he used the phrase "struggle for existence" in "a large and metaphorical sense, including dependence of one being on another"; he gives examples ranging from plants struggling a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29932 | 327,577 |
1,987,634 | Much of the research in favour of BCSR can be adequately explained by changes in pH. Liming soil is well known to improve microbial activity, soil structure, nitrogen fixation, and palatability of forages. It is also used to correct Ca and Mg deficiencies, change nutrient availability and reduce manganese and aluminium... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29769528 | 1,986,492 |
1,017,866 | The engine was a reworked version of the 6G74 design fitted to Magna Sports and VR-X, but now generating 180 kW thanks to a more aggressive cam profile, modified head and combustion chamber (compression ratio from the Sports/VR-X's 9.0:1 to 9.4:1), remapped ECU and a modified Magna VR-X exhaust system – featuring stain... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=903910 | 1,017,342 |
2,127,241 | Domenico Fioravanti emerged as a major force on the international swimming after effortlessly winning his second gold at these Games. He maintained a lead from start to finish and posted a European record of 2:10.87, the second-fastest of all time, making him the first ever swimmer in Olympic history to strike a breast... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12386570 | 2,126,020 |
1,688,366 | While the rendering and analysis of data from thermometer records largely suggest a substantial warming trend, tree rings from these particular sites do not display a corresponding change in their maximum latewood density or, in some cases, their width. This does not apply to all such studies. Where this applies, a tem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1369239 | 1,687,420 |
661,257 | The lack of mixing between layers creates radically different environments for organisms to live in: among the consequences of this stratification, or stable layering, of lake waters is that the bottom layer receives little oxygen from the atmosphere, hence becomes depleted of oxygen. While the surface layer may have 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1006688 | 660,912 |
645,679 | Items made on the lathe include tool handles, candlesticks, egg cups, knobs, lamps, rolling pins, cylindrical boxes, Christmas ornaments, bodkins, knitting needles, needle cases, thimbles, pens, chessmen, spinning tops; legs, spindles, and pegs for furniture; balusters and newel posts for architecture; baseball bats, h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1076403 | 645,339 |
100,279 | The efficiency of a hybrid photovoltaic cell that contains piezoelectric materials can be increased simply by placing it near a source of ambient noise or vibration. The effect was demonstrated with organic cells using zinc oxide nanotubes. The electricity generated by the piezoelectric effect itself is a negligible pe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24975 | 100,234 |
597,534 | From 1909 to 1912, Laue was a "Privatdozent" at the Institute for Theoretical Physics, under Arnold Sommerfeld, at LMU. During the 1911 Christmas recess and in January 1912, Paul Peter Ewald was finishing the writing of his doctoral thesis under Sommerfeld. It was on a walk through the Englischer Garten in Munich in Ja... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=396454 | 597,229 |
602,745 | Astroviruses have a star-like appearance with five or six points. Their name is derived from the Greek word "astron" meaning star. They are non-enveloped RNA viruses with cubic capsids, approximately 28–35 nm in diameter with T=3 symmetry. Human astroviruses are part of the Mammastrovirus genus and contains 8 serotypes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4388550 | 602,436 |
1,095,442 | They designed and built the telemetry modules in their homes and garages but they were only able to sell a few hundred units. Mims had sold a feature article about the new solid-state device, light-emitting diodes, to "Popular Electronics" (circulation 400,000) that May. With the hope of selling kits to the larger read... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=643230 | 1,094,882 |
348,004 | Ferdinand showed a great aptitude for technology, and was especially intrigued by electricity from a young age. He was already attending classes at the Imperial Polytechnical College in Reichenberg ( - some from his home) at night, while still helping his father in his mechanical shop by day. Thanks to a referral, Pors... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67720 | 347,822 |
462,867 | Karlheinz Brandenburg (born 20 June 1954) is a German electrical engineer and mathematician. Together with Ernst Eberlein, Heinz Gerhäuser (former Institutes Director of Fraunhofer IIS), Bernhard Grill, Jürgen Herre and Harald Popp (all Fraunhofer IIS), he developed the widespread MP3 method for audio data compression.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=233781 | 462,638 |
1,515,676 | Intranasal (i.n.) immunization or vaccination is an effective way to stimulate respiratory immune system. This way of immunization can provoke both the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses and is capable of stimulating both the mucosal and systemic immune systems. A dose of i.n. administered antigen can be much s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52772351 | 1,514,824 |
477,886 | AI, like electricity or the steam engine, is a general purpose technology. There is no consensus on how to characterize which tasks AI tends to excel at. Some versions of Moravec's paradox observe that humans are more likely to outperform machines in areas such as physical dexterity that have been the direct target of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16598232 | 477,646 |
1,581,025 | The base of the right occipital process contained a cavity. A coarse-cellular structure is seen on the right side of the skull. The body of the basioccipital forms an occipital condyle, while the exoccipitals do not form a part of the condyle. The sphenoccipital tubercles are separated by a wide groove and a depression... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21110496 | 1,580,135 |
1,628,418 | Two genera, "Taxus" and "Torreya", within the ancient yew family called Taxaceae have been proposed as important understory components for their value in providing ecosystem services for forest restoration and climate adaptation projects in China. The authors conclude, "Taxaceae species can contribute to generate struc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66931587 | 1,627,499 |
2,066,893 | This was the 15th appearance of the event, which is one of the five apparatus events held every time there were apparatus events at the Summer Olympics (no apparatus events were held in 1900, 1908, 1912, or 1920). Three of the six finalists from 1976 returned: gold medalist Nikolai Andrianov of the Soviet Union, fourth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24082127 | 2,065,702 |
1,218,046 | During the reigns of Shah Abbas I and Shah Safi, the number of illuminated and illustrated manuscripts dropped considerably, leaving mostly single works intended as album pages. The albums were created most often under the direction of a painter or calligrapher. They grouped together drawings, calligraphy and also anci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9485636 | 1,217,392 |
986,690 | The system's inherent stability and quick control response make it suitable for use in small radio-controlled helicopters. These benefits come at the cost of a limited forward speed, and higher sensitivity to wind. These two factors are especially limiting in outdoor use. Such models are usually fixed-pitch (i.e., the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3082957 | 986,175 |
1,370,862 | In July 2005, Chris Wilson, the Internet Explorer Platform Architect, stated that passing Acid2 was not a priority for Internet Explorer 7, describing the test as a "wish list" of features rather than a true test of standards compliance. In December 2007, Microsoft announced that all the changes required to pass Acid2 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1742984 | 1,370,106 |
2,180,571 | Paul Jules Portier (22 May 1866 – 26 January 1962) was a French physiologist who made important contributions to the discovery of anaphylaxis and the development of symbiogenesis. On a scientific expedition organised by Albert I, Prince of Monaco, he and Charles Richet discovered that toxins produced by marine animals ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=72426420 | 2,179,326 |
337,742 | Gustave Eiffel's career was a result of the Industrial Revolution. For a variety of economic and political reasons, this had been slow to make an impact in France, and Eiffel had the good fortune to be working at a time of rapid industrial development in France. Eiffel's importance as an engineer was twofold. Firstly h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12232 | 337,563 |
1,146,555 | A recent area of work has been the destruction of toxic organic compounds by irradiation; after irradiation, "dioxins" (polychlorodibenzo-"p"-dioxins) are dechlorinated in the same way as PCBs can be converted to biphenyl and inorganic chloride. This is because the solvated electrons react with the organic compound to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3100521 | 1,145,951 |
1,099,914 | In video games there are a number of different types of texts that require translation. These can be Manuals, Subtitles and dubbing scripts. There is another type of script that poses an issue to developers of localization. This type of script is in a format common with software like web browsers or word processors. Ut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8735708 | 1,099,354 |
1,907,904 | Geer continued to work on the overscan problems throughout the late 1940s and into the 1950s, filing additional patents on various corrections to improve the system. Other vendors were making similar strides with their own technologies, and in 1953 the NTSC reconvened a panel to consider the color issue. This time RCA'... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21747724 | 1,906,807 |
1,198,442 | The random orbit sanding pattern is produced by simultaneously spinning the sanding disk and moving it in small ellipses. This ensures that no single part of the abrasive material travels the same path twice during the same rotation. Because of this random sanding action, the tool does not leave swirl marks, and is not... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2683712 | 1,197,801 |
153,776 | It is a typical posture muscle dominated by slow-twitch red type 1 fibers. Since it originates from the lumbar vertebrae and discs and then inserts onto the femur, any structure from the lumbar spine to the femur can be affected directly. A short and tight iliopsoas often presents as externally rotated legs and feet. I... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3048640 | 153,706 |
1,285,566 | Gagie et al. proposed a data structure that supports range formula_65-majority queries on an formula_86 array formula_87. For each query formula_88 in this data structure a threshold formula_64 and a rectangular range formula_90 are specified, and the set of all elements that have relative frequencies (inside that rect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35266324 | 1,284,866 |
2,236,076 | The Dukes got off to a good start, winning their first five games and sitting atop league standings with John Carroll. The program went on its first non-conference road trip in mid-January, playing three non-conference team in a swing through upstate New York. While it wasn't a surprise to lose to Clarkson, getting emb... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67648038 | 2,234,805 |
305,692 | The indication of entries, when a performer or section should begin playing (perhaps after a long period of rests), is called "cueing". A cue must forecast with certainty the exact moment of the coming ictus, so that all the players or singers affected by the cue can begin playing simultaneously. Cueing is most importa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=199162 | 305,529 |
1,174,240 | The International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) was founded in June 1973 in London at the initiative of Sir Henry Benson, former president of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. The IASC was created by national accountancy bodies from a number of countries with a view to harmonizing the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=182313 | 1,173,618 |
1,587,631 | Nanomaterials with tunable band gaps can be combined to form heterogeneous structures that self-assemble to form stable abiotic structures, that have potential in artificial photosynthesis and bionic vision. The electronic and physical properties of graphene based composites show promise for light energy conversion. On... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60814319 | 1,586,737 |
94,660 | Genetic testing can help identify whether a patient with AMD is at a greater risk of developing the condition and can inform disease progression. Genetic testing can also allow researchers to identify whether patients are more or less likely to respond to treatments, such anti-VEGF medication or complement inhibitors. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=895033 | 94,619 |
937,912 | Nostoc, also known as star jelly, troll’s butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch’s jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in various environments that may form colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1899390 | 937,412 |
30,614 | Of the six gyroscopes replaced in 2009, three were of the old design susceptible for flex-lead failure, and three were of the new design with a longer expected lifetime. The first of the old-style gyroscopes failed in March 2014, and the second in April 2018. On October 5, 2018, the last of the old-style gyroscopes fai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40203 | 30,604 |
1,477,561 | In 2002, Giordano launched the short-lived Future Comics with writer David Michelinie and artist Bob Layton. Since 2002, Giordano had drawn several issues of "The Phantom" published in Europe and Australia. In 2004, Giordano and writer Roy Thomas completed an adaptation of Bram Stoker's "Dracula" novel. They had begun ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=618921 | 1,476,729 |
1,650,583 | Several single nucleotide polymorphisms within the TCF7L2 gene have been associated with type 2 diabetes. Studies conducted by Ravindranath Duggirala and Michael Stern at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio were the first to identify strong linkage for type 2 diabetes at a region on Chromosome ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11157092 | 1,649,651 |
650,119 | Although it is mainly a soil-dwelling bacteria, a study performed by Apinya Pumpuang and others showed that "Burkholderia pseudomallei" survived in distilled water for 16 years, demonstrating that it is capable of living in water if a specific environment is provided. It is resistant to a variety of harsh conditions in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3523925 | 649,778 |
1,244,412 | The automated process can encounter problems and these are primarily caused by two factors: 1) the complexity of the language; and, 2) the lack intuitiveness and the difficulty in extrapolating concepts out of statements on the part of the computing technology. These are primarily linguistic challenges and specific pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28204669 | 1,243,739 |
1,533,577 | The Nano Engineering and Storage Technologies (NEST) group has research interests in nano fabrication for data storage and advanced sensors applications and the investigation of data storage systems in general. The NEST group is housed in an integrated suite of staff offices, general-purpose laboratory space and class ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=529379 | 1,532,709 |
1,296,064 | Active matter is matter composed of large numbers of active "agents", each of which consumes energy in order to move or to exert mechanical forces. Such systems are intrinsically out of thermal equilibrium. Unlike thermal systems relaxing towards equilibrium and systems with boundary conditions imposing steady currents... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26053735 | 1,295,353 |
1,629,945 | The book traces the origins of the idea of individual differences in general mental ability to 19th century researchers Herbert Spencer and Francis Galton. Charles Spearman is credited for inventing factor analysis in the early 20th century, which enabled statistical testing of the hypothesis that general mental abilit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2177480 | 1,629,026 |
191,327 | In addition, it has been suggested that people learn about probabilistic patterns of word distributions in their language, rather than hard and fast rules (see Distributional hypothesis). For example, children overgeneralize the past tense marker "ed" and conjugate irregular verbs as if they were regular, producing for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40313 | 191,228 |
385,039 | To manage persons with HLPIIa, drastic measures may need to be taken, especially if their HDL cholesterol levels are less than 30 mg/dL and their LDL levels are greater than 160 mg/dL. A proper diet for these individuals requires a decrease in total fat to less than 30% of total calories with a ratio of monounsaturated... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1593643 | 384,844 |
845,879 | Early in 1951 Franklin finally arrived. Wilkins was away on holiday and missed an initial meeting at which Raymond Gosling stood in for him along with Alex Stokes, who, like Crick, would solve the basic mathematics that make possible a general theory of how helical structures diffract X-rays. No work had been done on D... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=234248 | 845,429 |
838,451 | As presented in the study, the men of Unit 101 were not ardent Nazis but ordinary middle-aged men of working class background from Hamburg, who had been drafted but found to be ineligible for regular military duty. After their return to occupied Poland in June 1942, the men were ordered to terrorize Jews in the ghettos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1748457 | 838,002 |
91,220 | William Flinders Petrie is another man who may legitimately be called the Father of Archaeology. His painstaking recording and study of artifacts, both in Egypt and later in Palestine, laid down many of the ideas behind modern archaeological recording; he remarked that "I believe the true line of research lies in the n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18951655 | 91,180 |
427,543 | The simplest earth batteries consist of conductive plates from different metals of the electropotential series, buried in the ground so that the soil acts as the electrolyte in a voltaic cell. As such, the device acts as a primary cell. When operated only as electrolytic devices, the devices were not continuously relia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=505992 | 427,333 |
1,007,677 | Non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) is a mathematical model using basis splines (B-splines) that is commonly used in computer graphics for representing curves and surfaces. It offers great flexibility and precision for handling both analytic (defined by common mathematical formulae) and modeled shapes. It is a ty... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=308474 | 1,007,157 |
361,014 | The MH-53E Sea Dragon is the U.S. Navy's helicopter with the highest accident rate, with 27 deaths from 1984 to 2008. During that time, its rate of class A mishaps, meaning serious damage or loss of life, was 5.96 per 100,000 flight hours, more than twice the Navy helicopter average of 2.26. An independent investigatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=574614 | 360,825 |
1,675,849 | The Cascadia subduction zone spans from northern California to about halfway up Vancouver Island and is where the Juan de Fuca, Explorer, and Gorda plates are overridden by North America. In the Cascadia subduction zone, LFEs are predominantly observed at the plate interface down-dip of the seismogenic zone. In the sou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7674011 | 1,674,907 |
419,819 | Weather forecasts expected the race to be partially cloudy and warm; conditions in itself were sunny. The air temperature was between and the track temperature ranged from ; Every driver from first to tenth began on the supersoft compound tyres. When the race commenced at 14:00 local time, Hamilton made a faster start ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38847346 | 419,614 |
1,587,141 | The diagnosis of THRLBCL, particularly as it pertains to differentiating it from DLBCL and other lymphomas, depends on examining involved tissues obtained by biopsy or operation for their histology, i.e. microscopic anatomy. The tissues involved in THRLBCL commonly show an effacement of their normal architecture by a d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62948115 | 1,586,247 |
390,701 | In terms of numbers, the most important groups of phytoplankton include the diatoms, cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates, although many other groups of algae are represented. One group, the coccolithophorids, is responsible (in part) for the release of significant amounts of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) into the atmosphere. DM... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50557 | 390,506 |
161,345 | The years after 1909 led to a number of studies and applications of the Poisson point process, however, its early history is complex, which has been explained by the various applications of the process in numerous fields by biologists, ecologists, engineers and others working in the physical sciences. The early results... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41597450 | 161,260 |
946,677 | Tuatara were originally classified as agamid lizards when they were first described by John Edward Gray in 1831. They remained misclassified until 1867, when Albert Günther of the British Museum noted features similar to birds, turtles, and crocodiles. He proposed the order Rhynchocephalia (meaning "beak head") for the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=768402 | 946,174 |
1,763,908 | AIGs found successful use in diverse EDA applications. A well-tuned combination of "AIGs" and boolean satisfiability made an impact on formal verification, including both model checking and equivalence checking. Another recent work shows that efficient circuit compression techniques can be developed using AIGs. There i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4689919 | 1,762,915 |
285,301 | During neurotransmission, the pre-synaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft which bind to cognate receptors expressed on the post-synaptic neuron. Based upon the interaction between the transmitter and receptor, neurotransmitters may trigger a variety of effects in the post-synaptic cell, such ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4617112 | 285,147 |
545,044 | The technology finds the greatest application in treating malodorous compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Industries employing the technology include food and animal products, off-gas from wastewater treatment facilities, pharmaceuticals, wood products manufacturing, paint and coatings application and manuf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1156603 | 544,760 |
923,564 | In response to Tegmark's claims, Hagan, Tuszynski and Hameroff claimed that Tegmark did not address the Orch OR model, but instead a model of his own construction. This involved superpositions of quanta separated by 24 nm rather than the much smaller separations stipulated for Orch OR. As a result, Hameroff's group cla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=712245 | 923,078 |
2,064,978 | Hershey began its regular season with major offensive problems. They were outshot in 17 of their first 18 games, and were held to one or fewer goals in seven of those games. Their 6–10–1–0 start was the lowest total through 17 games since 2004–05, which was the last season they failed to make the playoffs. After losing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38828912 | 2,063,787 |
189,928 | Separately, while at Sanders Associates in 1966, Ralph H. Baer conceived of the idea of an electronic device that could be connected to a standard television to play games. With Sanders' permission, he brought this design to practice, creating the prototype "Brown Box" which was able to play a limited number of games, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=982571 | 189,831 |
968,490 | Until recently, the only reliable ways to determine if the fetus has a chromosomal abnormality was to have an invasive test such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling, but such tests carry a risk of causing a miscarriage estimated variously as ranging between 1% or 0.06%. Based on maternal age, some countries o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5907177 | 967,980 |
1,754,025 | According to the Mechanostat, bone growth and bone loss is stimulated by the local, mechanical, elastic deformation of bone. The reason for the elastic deformation of bone is the peak forces caused by muscles (e.g. measurable using mechanography). The adaptation (feed-back control loop) of bone according to the maximum... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13955557 | 1,753,035 |
1,836,750 | This article gives a history of the discovery and research on gullies. As research progresses, the cause of Martian gullies has shifted from recent liquid water to pieces of dry ice moving down steep slopes, but research continues. On the basis of their form, aspects, positions, and location amongst and apparent intera... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29209294 | 1,835,701 |
923,888 | Other high-level mechanisms may read in and process larger parts or the complete FAT on startup or on demand when needed and dynamically build up in-memory tree representations of the volume's file structures different from the on-disk structures. This may, on volumes with many free clusters, occupy even less memory th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42815625 | 923,402 |
321,431 | The nation of Rhodesia emerged as a prolific user of both the Alouette II and its enlarged sibling, the Alouette III. Early operations were flown with an emphasis on its use by the Rhodesian Army and British South Africa Police, including paramilitary and aerial reconnaissance operations. Throughout the 1960s, the type... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=508478 | 321,259 |
1,456,723 | Critical reception for "Algorithms of Oppression" has been largely positive. In the "Los Angeles Review of Books", Emily Drabinski writes, "What emerges from these pages is the sense that Google’s algorithms of oppression comprise just one of the hidden infrastructures that govern our daily lives, and that the others a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56463048 | 1,455,903 |
918,500 | In a distributed setting with processors arranged in a by 2D mesh, one submatrix of the result can be assigned to each processor, and the product can be computed with each processor transmitting words, which is asymptotically optimal assuming that each node stores the minimum elements. This can be improved by the "3D a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21450030 | 918,017 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.