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Polaris Sales Agreement The Polaris Sales Agreement was a treaty between the United States and the United Kingdom which began the UK Polaris programme. The agreement was signed on 6 April 1963. It formally arranged the terms and conditions under which the Polaris missile system was provided to the United Kingdom. The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24815
Proto-Indo-Europeans The Proto-Indo-Europeans were a hypothetical prehistoric ethnolinguistic group of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the ancestor of the Indo-European languages according to linguistic reconstruction. Knowledge of them comes chiefly from that linguistic reconstruction, along with materi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24818
Peter Mark Roget Peter Mark Roget ( ; 18 January 1779 – 12 September 1869) was a British physician, natural theologian, lexicographer and founding Secretary of The Portico Library. He is best known for publishing, in 1852, the "Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases", a classified collection of related words. He also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24820
Pterodactylus Pterodactylus (from Greek πτεροδάκτυλος, "pterodaktulos", meaning "winged finger") is an extinct genus of euctenochasmatian pterodactyloid pterosaur, whose members are commonly known as pterodactyls ( ). It is thought to contain only a single species, Pterodactylus antiquus, which is the first pterosaur ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24823
Pterosaur Pterosaurs (; from Greek "pteron" and "sauros", meaning "wing lizard") were flying reptiles of the extinct clade or order Pterosauria. They existed during most of the Mesozoic: from the late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago). Pterosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24824
Pteranodon Pteranodon (; from Greek πτερόν (pteron, "wing") and ἀνόδων (anodon, "toothless")) is a genus of pterosaur that included some of the largest known flying reptiles, with wingspans over 7 meters (23 feet). They lived during the late Cretaceous geological period of North America in present-day Kansas, Alabama,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24825
Passive voice A passive voice construction is a grammatical voice construction that is found in many languages. In a clause with passive voice, the grammatical subject expresses the "theme" or "patient" of the main verb – that is, the person or thing that undergoes the action or has its state changed. This contrasts w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24826
Primitive recursive function In computability theory, a primitive recursive function is roughly speaking a function that can be computed by a computer program whose loops are all "for" loops (that is, an upper bound of the number of iterations of every loop can be determined before entering the loop). Primitive recurs...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24829
Prime Minister of Japan The is the head of government of Japan and the commander in chief of the Japanese Armed Forces. The prime minister is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the National Diet and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office. He is the head o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24833
Protein targeting Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations in the cell or outside it. Proteins can be targeted to the inner space of an organelle, different intracellular membranes, plasma membrane, or to exterior of the cell v...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24834
Pinochle Pinochle (), also called pinocle or penuchle, is a trick-taking, Ace-Ten card game typically for two to four players and played with a 48-card deck. It is derived from the card game bezique; players score points by trick-taking and also by forming combinations of cards into melds. It is thus considered part o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24837
Peptidoglycan Peptidoglycan or murein is a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria, forming the cell wall. The sugar component consists of alternating residues of β-(1,4) linked "N"-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and "N"-acetylmuramic acid (NAM). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24838
Pope Sixtus IV Pope Sixtus IV (21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484), born Francesco della Rovere, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 August 1471 to his death. His accomplishments as pope included the construction of the Sistine Chapel and the creation of the Vatican Archives. A patron of th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24845
Panama Canal The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. Canal locks are at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24849
Political fiction Political fiction employs narrative to comment on political events, systems and theories. Works of political fiction, such as political novels, often "directly criticize an existing society or present an alternative, even fantastic, reality". The political novel overlaps with the social novel, prolet...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24850
Potato chip Potato chips (often just chips), or crisps (in British English), are thin slices of potato that have been either deep fried or baked until crunchy. They are commonly served as a snack, side dish, or appetizer. The basic chips are cooked and salted; additional varieties are manufactured using various flavor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24851
Prohibition Prohibition is the act or practice of forbidding something by law; more particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage (whether in barrels or in bottles), transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The word is also used to refer to a period of time du...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24856
Phenothiazine Phenothiazine, abbreviated PTZ, is an organic compound that has the formula S(C6H4)2NH and is related to the thiazine-class of heterocyclic compounds. Derivatives of phenothiazine are highly bioactive and have widespread use and rich history. The derivatives chlorpromazine and promethazine revolutionized...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24857
Pale Fire Pale Fire is a 1962 novel by Vladimir Nabokov. The novel is presented as a 999-line poem titled "Pale Fire", written by the fictional poet John Shade, with a foreword, lengthy commentary and index written by Shade's neighbor and academic colleague, Charles Kinbote. Together these elements form a narrative in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24861
Preservative A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is im...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24862
Proteobacteria Proteobacteria is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. They include a wide variety of pathogenic genera, such as "Escherichia", "Salmonella", "Vibrio", "Helicobacter", "Yersinia", "Legionellales", and many others. Others are free-living (nonparasitic) and include many of the bacteria responsible fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24863
Professional wrestling Professional wrestling is a form of theater that combines mock combat and drama. It is a parody of prizefighting tournaments, with the stage being a ring similar to the kind used in boxing. The mock combat itself is based on classical and "catch" wrestling, with modern additions of striking atta...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24864
Pauli matrices In mathematical physics and mathematics, the Pauli matrices are a set of three complex matrices which are Hermitian and unitary. Usually indicated by the Greek letter sigma (), they are occasionally denoted by tau () when used in connection with isospin symmetries. They are These matrices are named aft...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24868
Pie menu In user interface design, a pie menu (also known as a radial menu) is a circular context menu where selection depends on direction. It is a graphical control element. A pie menu is made of several "pie slices" around an inactive center and works best with stylus input, and well with a mouse. Pie slices are dr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24869
Pollution Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contamina...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24872
Robotech Robotech is a science fiction franchise that began with an 85-episode anime television series produced by Harmony Gold USA in association with Tatsunoko Production and first released in the United States in 1985. The show was adapted from three original and distinct, though visually similar, Japanese anime t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26333
Radioteletype Radioteletype (RTTY) is a telecommunications system consisting originally of two or more electromechanical teleprinters in different locations connected by radio rather than a wired link. These machines were superseded by personal computers (PCs) running software to emulate teleprinters. Radioteletype ev...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26341
Register transfer language In computer science, register transfer language (RTL) is a kind of intermediate representation (IR) that is very close to assembly language, such as that which is used in a compiler. It is used to describe data flow at the register-transfer level of an architecture. Academic papers and textb...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26344
Remote procedure call In distributed computing, a remote procedure call (RPC) is when a computer program causes a procedure (subroutine) to execute in a different address space (commonly on another computer on a shared network), which is coded as if it were a normal (local) procedure call, without the programmer expli...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26346
Russian submarine Kursk (K-141) K-141 "Kursk" (, transl. , meaning "Nuclear-powered submarine "Kursk"") was an Oscar II-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine of the Russian Navy. On 12 August 2000, K-141 "Kursk" was lost when it sank in the Barents Sea, killing all 118 personnel on board. K-141 "Kursk" was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26347
Radiation therapy Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is a therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator. Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26350
Ronald Coase Ronald Harry Coase (; 29 December 1910 – 2 September 2013) was a British economist and author. He was the Clifton R. Musser Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago Law School, where he arrived in 1964 and remained for the rest of his life. He received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Scien...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26354
Richard R. Ernst Richard Robert Ernst (born 14 August 1933) is a Swiss physical chemist and Nobel Laureate. Ernst was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1991 for his contributions towards the development of Fourier transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while at Varian Associates, Palo Alto and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26361
RIPEMD RIPEMD (RIPE Message Digest) is a family of cryptographic hash functions developed in 1992 (the original RIPEMD) and 1996 (other variants). There are five functions in the family: RIPEMD, RIPEMD-128, RIPEMD-160, RIPEMD-256, and RIPEMD-320, of which RIPEMD-160 is the most common. The original RIPEMD, as well as...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26363
Roman law Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the "Corpus Juris Civilis" (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26364
Rockwell International Rockwell International was a major American manufacturing conglomerate in the latter half of the 20th century, involved in aircraft, the space industry, both defense-oriented and commercial electronics, light & heavy vehicle components in the automotive industry, printing presses, avionics, powe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26367
Richard I of England Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and was overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. He was the third o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26368
Robert Jordan James Oliver Rigney Jr. (October 17, 1948 – September 16, 2007), better known by his pen name Robert Jordan, was an American author of epic fantasy. He is best known for the "Wheel of Time" series (finished by Brandon Sanderson upon Jordan's death) which comprises 14 books and a prequel novel. He is one ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26370
Rift Valley fever Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral disease that can cause mild to severe symptoms. The mild symptoms may include: fever, muscle pains, and headaches which often last for up to a week. The severe symptoms may include: loss of sight beginning three weeks after the infection, infections of the brain cau...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26378
Rogue state Rogue state or outlaw state is a term applied by some international theorists to states they consider threatening to the world's peace. This means being seen to meet certain criteria, such as being ruled by authoritarian or totalitarian governments that severely restrict human rights, sponsoring terrorism ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26383
Rebol Rebol ( ; historically REBOL) is a cross-platform data exchange language and a multi-paradigm dynamic programming language designed by Carl Sassenrath for network communications and distributed computing. It introduces the concept of dialecting: small, optimized, domain-specific languages for code and data, whic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26384
Red Hat Red Hat, Inc. is an American multinational software company that provides open source software products to enterprises. Founded in 1993, Red Hat has its corporate headquarters in Raleigh, North Carolina, with other offices worldwide. It became a subsidiary of IBM on July 9, 2019. Red Hat has become associated...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26386
Reno, Nevada Reno ( ) is a city in the northwest section of the U.S. state of Nevada, approximately from Lake Tahoe, known as "The Biggest Little City in the World". Known for its casino and tourism industry, Reno is the county seat and largest city of Washoe County and sits in a high desert river valley at the foot o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26388
Riemann integral In the branch of mathematics known as real analysis, the Riemann integral, created by Bernhard Riemann, was the first rigorous definition of the integral of a function on an interval. It was presented to the faculty at the University of Göttingen in 1854, but not published in a journal until 1868. For...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26390
Run-length encoding Run-length encoding (RLE) is a form of lossless data compression in which "runs" of data (sequences in which the same data value occurs in many consecutive data elements) are stored as a single data value and count, rather than as the original run. This is most useful on data that contains many suc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26392
Red–black tree In computer science, a red–black tree is a kind of self-balancing binary search tree. Each node stores an extra bit representing color, used to ensure that the tree remains approximately balanced during insertions and deletions. When the tree is modified, the new tree is rearranged and repainted to res...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26397
Retroactive continuity Retroactive continuity, or retcon for short, is a literary device in which established diegetic 'facts' in the plot of a fictional work are adjusted, ignored, or contradicted by a subsequently published work which breaks continuity with the former. There are various motivations for applying ret...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26400
Risk management Risk management is the identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks (defined in ISO 31000 as "the effect of uncertainty on objectives") followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events or to maxi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26404
Conversion therapy Conversion therapy is the pseudoscientific practice of trying to change an individual's sexual orientation from homosexual or bisexual to heterosexual using psychological or spiritual interventions. There is no reliable evidence that sexual orientation can be changed and medical institutions warn th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26410
Ring homomorphism In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a ring homomorphism is a structure-preserving function between two rings. More explicitly, if "R" and "S" are rings, then a ring homomorphism is a function such that "f" is Additive inverses and the additive identity are part of the structure too, but it...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26411
Real Madrid CF Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (, meaning "Royal Madrid Football Club"), commonly referred to as Real Madrid, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid. Founded on 6 March 1902 as Madrid Football Club, the club has traditionally worn a white home kit since inception. The word "real" is Spanis...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26413
Rube Foster Andrew "Rube" Foster (September 17, 1879 – December 9, 1930) was an American baseball player, manager, and executive in the Negro leagues. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981. Foster, considered by historians to have been perhaps the best African-American pitcher of the first decade of the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26415
Ring Lardner Ringgold Wilmer "Ring" Lardner (March 5, 1885 – September 25, 1933) was an American sports columnist and short story writer best known for his satirical writings on sports, marriage, and the theatre. His contemporaries Ernest Hemingway, Virginia Woolf, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all professed strong admirati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26416
River Clyde The River Clyde (, , , or "Watter o Clyde") is a river that flows into the Firth of Clyde in Scotland. It is the eighth-longest river in the United Kingdom, and the second-longest in Scotland. Traveling through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26417
Rational root theorem In algebra, the rational root theorem (or rational root test, rational zero theorem, rational zero test or theorem) states a constraint on rational solutions of a polynomial equation with integer coefficients formula_2 and formula_3. Solutions of the equation are also called roots or zeroes of t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26426
Round Table The Round Table (, , ) is King Arthur's famed table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate. As its name suggests, it has no head, implying that everyone who sits there has equal status. The table was first described in 1155 by Wace, who relied on previous depictions of Arthur's...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26427
Rosetta Stone The Rosetta Stone is a granodiorite stele discovered in 1799 which is inscribed with three versions of a decree issued in Memphis, Egypt in 196 BC during the Ptolemaic dynasty on behalf of King Ptolemy V Epiphanes. The top and middle texts are in Ancient Egyptian using hieroglyphic and Demotic scripts re...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26428
Redshirt (stock character) A "redshirt" is a stock character in fiction who dies soon after being introduced. The term originates from the original "" (NBC, 1966–69) television series in which the red-shirted security personnel frequently die during episodes. Redshirt deaths are often used to dramatize the potential p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26429
Resolution-class submarine The "Resolution" class was a class of four nuclear ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) built for the Royal Navy as part of the UK Polaris programme. Each submarine was armed with up to 16 UGM-27 Polaris A-3 nuclear missiles. The class comprised , , and . They were built by Vickers Armstrong...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26432
Roger Angell Roger Sergeant Angell (born September 19, 1920) is an American essayist known for his writing on sports, especially baseball. He has been a regular contributor to "The New Yorker" and was its chief fiction editor for many years. He has written numerous works of fiction, non-fiction, and criticism, and for...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26435
Rent (musical) Rent (stylized as RENT) is a rock musical with music, lyrics, and book by Jonathan Larson, loosely based on Giacomo Puccini's 1896 opera "La Bohème". It tells the story of a group of impoverished young artists struggling to survive and create a life in Lower Manhattan's East Village in the thriving days...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26436
Restaurant A restaurant (), or an eatery, is a business that prepares and serves food and drinks to customers. Meals are generally served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services. Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings, including a wide variety of cui...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26437
Rolf Nevanlinna Rolf Herman Nevanlinna (né Neovius; 22 October 1895 – 28 May 1980) was a Finnish mathematician who made significant contributions to complex analysis. Nevanlinna was born Rolf Herman Neovius, becoming Nevanlinna in 1906 when his father changed the family name. The Neovius-Nevanlinna family contained ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26438
Red panda The red panda ("Ailurus fulgens") is a mammal species native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List because the wild population is estimated at fewer than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poachi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26441
Roppongi The name "Roppongi", which appears to have been coined around 1660, literally means "six trees". Six very old and large zelkova trees used to mark the area; the first three were cleared, and the last were destroyed during World War II. Another legend has it that the name comes from the fact that six "daimyōs"...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26442
Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Stevenson (13 November 1850 – 3 December 1894) was a Scottish novelist, poet and travel writer, most noted for "Treasure Island", "Kidnapped", "Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde", and "A Child's Garden of Verses". Born and educated in Edinburgh, Stevenson suffered from serious ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26444
Recreational mathematics Recreational mathematics is mathematics carried out for recreation (entertainment) rather than as a strictly research and application-based professional activity. Although it is not necessarily limited to being an endeavor for amateurs, many topics in this field require no knowledge of advance...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26446
Resurrection Resurrection or anastasis is the concept of coming back to life after death. In a number of religions, a dying-and-rising god is a deity which dies and resurrects. The resurrection of the dead is a standard eschatological belief in the Abrahamic religions. As a religious concept, it is used in two distin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26447
Robert Parr Robert Ghormley Parr (September 22, 1921 – March 27, 2017) was an American theoretical chemist who was a Professor of Chemistry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Parr received an A. B. degree "magna cum laude" from Brown University in 1942, and then entered the University of Minnesota, r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26451
Riesz representation theorem Riesz representation theorem, sometimes called Riesz–Fréchet representation theorem, named after Frigyes Riesz and Maurice René Fréchet, establishes an important connection between a Hilbert space and its continuous dual space. If the underlying field is the real numbers, the two are isome...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26452
Romano Scarpa Romano Scarpa (September 27, 1927, Venice – April 23, 2005, Málaga) was one of the most famous Italian creators of Disney comics. Growing up in Venice he developed a particular love for American cartoons and Disney comics, that, at the time, were published in the big format of the Topolino Giornale whic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26455
Rosa Parks Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott. The United States Congress has called her "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". On Decem...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26458
Ringworld (role-playing game) The Ringworld science fiction role-playing game was published by Chaosium in 1984, using the Basic Role-Playing system for its rules and Larry Niven's "Ringworld" novels as a setting. The setting is a distant future based on extrapolation of as much hard science as Niven had available. S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26459
Rigel Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately from Earth. Rigel is the brightest and most massive component—and the eponym—of a star system of at least four stars that appear as a single blue-white poi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26463
Special relativity In physics, special relativity (also known as the special theory of relativity) is the generally accepted and experimentally confirmed physical theory regarding the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's original treatment, it is based on two postulates: Some of the work of Albe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26962
Saab AB Saab AB (originally , later SAAB and Saab Group) is a Swedish aerospace and defence company, founded in 1937. From 1947 to 1990 it was the parent company of automobile manufacturer Saab Automobile. Between 1968 and 1995 the company was in a merger with commercial vehicle manufacturer Scania-Vabis, known as Saa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26968
Škoda Auto ŠKODA AUTO (), commonly called Škoda, is a Czech automobile manufacturer founded in 1895 as Laurin & Klement and headquartered in Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic. In 1925 Laurin & Klement was acquired by the industrial conglomerate Škoda Works, which itself became state owned in 1948. After 1991 it was grad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26970
San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is a shallow estuary in the US state of California. It is surrounded by a contiguous region known as the San Francisco Bay Area (often simply "the Bay Area"), and is dominated by the large cities of San Jose, San Francisco and Oakland. San Francisco Bay drains water from approximat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26973
San Francisco Peninsula The San Francisco Peninsula is a peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. On its northern tip is the City and County of San Francisco. Its southern base is in northern Santa Clara County, including the cities of Palo Alto, Mountain View, a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26974
Silicon Valley Silicon Valley is a region in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California that serves as a global center for high technology, innovation, venture capital, and social media. It corresponds roughly to the geographical Santa Clara Valley. San Jose is Silicon Valley's largest city...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26976
Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The university was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford in memory of their only child, Leland Stanford Jr., who had died of typhoid fever at age 15 the previous year. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26977
Sun Microsystems Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun for short) was an American company that sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services and created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS), and SPARC. Sun contributed significantly t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26980
Saladin An-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub ( / ALA-LC: "Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb"; / ALA-LC: "Selahedînê Eyûbî"), known as Salah ad-Din or Saladin (; 11374 March 1193), was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. A Sunni Muslim of Kurdish ethnicity, Saladin led the Muslim mil...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26983
Sophocles Sophocles (; "Sophoklēs", ; 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC) is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays during the course ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26984
Salinity Salinity () is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). This is usually measured in formula_1 (note that this is technically dimensionless). Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26985
Saxifragales The Saxifragales (saxifrages) are an order of flowering plants (Angiosperms). They are an extremely diverse group of plants which include trees, shrubs, perennial herbs, succulent and aquatic plants. The degree of diversity in terms of vegetative and floral features makes it difficult to define common fea...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26987
CLIÉ The Sony CLIÉ is a series of personal digital assistants running the Palm Operating System developed and marketed by Sony from 2000 to 2005. The devices introduced many new features to the PDA market, such as a jog-wheel interface, high-resolution displays, and Sony technologies like Memory Stick slots and ATRAC3...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26988
Sony Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the , which is engaged in business through its four operating components: electronics (AV, IT & communication products, semiconductors, video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures (movies and TV shows), music (rec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26989
Social psychology In the field of psychology, social psychology is the scientific study of how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, and implied presence of others. In this definition, "scientific" refers to the empirical investigation using the scientific method,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26990
Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I ( '; or '; 6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and Kanunî Sultan Süleyman (; "Suleiman the Lawgiver") in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566. Under his ad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26992
Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a 96 mile (154 km) border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, the North Sea to the northeast and t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26994
Scientist A scientist is someone who conducts scientific research to advance knowledge in an area of interest. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engaged in the philosophical study of nature called natural philosophy, a precursor of natural science. I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26997
Smog Smog is a type of intense air pollution. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a contraction (portmanteau) of the words smoke and fog to refer to smoky fog; its opacity, and odor. The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27000
Smoke Smoke is a collection of airborne particulates and gases emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis, together with the quantity of air that is entrained or otherwise mixed into the mass. It is commonly an unwanted by-product of fires (including stoves, candles, internal combustion engines, oil lam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27001
Tobacco pipe A tobacco pipe, often called simply a pipe, is a device specifically made to smoke tobacco. It comprises a chamber (the bowl) for the tobacco from which a thin hollow stem (shank) emerges, ending in a mouthpiece. Pipes can range from very simple machine-made briar models to highly prized hand-made artisan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27002
Swiss cheese (North America) Swiss cheese is the name for a variety of cheese that resembles Emmental cheese, a yellow, medium-hard cheese that originated in the area around Emmental, Switzerland. Some types of Swiss cheese have a distinctive appearance, as the blocks or rounds of the cheese are riddled with holes kno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27003
Serendipity Serendipity is the occurrence of an unplanned fortunate discovery. Serendipity is a common occurrence throughout the history of product invention and scientific discovery. Serendipity is also seen as a potential design principle for online activities that would present a wide array of information and viewp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27006
Samuel Morse Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872) was an American inventor and painter. After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs. He was a co-developer of Mor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27007
Ship A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying goods or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and tradition. In the A...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27008
Soap opera A soap opera is a radio or television serial dealing especially with domestic situations and frequently characterized by melodrama and sentimentality. The term "soap opera" originated from radio dramas being sponsored by soap manufacturers. BBC Radio's "The Archers", first broadcast in 1950, is the world's...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27009