id string | texte string | disclaimer string | coords string | vedette string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
kp-eb0712-030603-1780 | INSTRUMENT, in general, whatever is subservient to a cause in producing any effect.
Instrument is also used in law to signify some public act, or authentic deed, by means of which any truth is made apparent, or any right or title established, in a court of justice.
[7:12:307] | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INSTRUMENT | |
kp-eb0712-030701-1793 | INSURANCE.
Insurance is a contract of indemnity, by which one party engages, for a stipulated sum, to insure another a∏∙ainst a risk to which he is exposed. It is of three kinds, viz. Fire, Life, and Marine; all of them producing similar results by very different means. The party who undertakes the risk is called the ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INSURANCE | |
kp-eb0712-031901-1949 | INTAGLIOS, precious stones, on which are engraved the heads of great men, inscriptions, and the like; such as we frequently see set on rings, seals, and other ornamental articles. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTAGLIOS | |
kp-eb0712-031902-1949 | INTEGER, in Arithmetic, a whole number, in contradistinction to a fraction. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTEGER | |
kp-eb0712-031903-1949 | INTEGRAL, or Integrant, in Philosophy, appellations given to parts of bodies which are of a similar nature with the whole. Thus filings of iron have the same nature and properties as bars of iron.
Bodies may be reduced into their integrant parts by triture or grinding, limation or filing, solution, amalgamation, and o... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTEGRAL | |
kp-eb0712-031904-1949 | INTELLECT, a term used amongst philosophers to signify that faculty of the soul usually called the understanding. See Logic and Metaphysics. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTELLECT | |
kp-eb0712-031905-1949 | INTENDANT, one who has the conduct, inspection, and management of any thing. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTENDANT | |
kp-eb0712-031906-1949 | INTENDMENT, in Law, is the intention, design, or true meaning, of a person or thing, which frequently supplies what is not fully expressed; but though the intention of parties in deeds and contracts is much regarded by the law, yet it cannot take place against the rules of law.
Intendment of Crimes. This, in case of t... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTENDMENT | |
kp-eb0712-031907-1949 | INTENT, in the civil law, signifies to begin or commence an action or process. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTENT | |
kp-eb0712-031908-1949 | INTENTION, in Physics, the increase of the power or energy of any quality, as heat or cold, by which it stands opposed to remission, which signifies its decrease or diminution. *.
Intention, in Metaphysics, denotes an exertion of the intellectual faculties with more than ordinary vigour, when the mind earnestly fixes ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTENTION | |
kp-eb0712-031909-1949 | INTERCALARY, an appellation given to the odd day inserted in leap-year; which was so called from calo, calare, to proclaim, it being proclaimed with a loud voice by the priests. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERCALARY | |
kp-eb0712-031910-1949 | INTERCESSION (intercession was used in ancient Rome for the act of a tribune of the people, or other magistrate, by which he inhibited the acts of other magistrates; and even, in the case of the tribunes, the decrees of the senate. Veto was the solemn word used by the tribunes when they inhibited any decree of the sena... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERCESSION | |
kp-eb0712-031911-1949 | INTERCESSOR (from inter and cedo, I go between), a person who prays, expostulates, or intercedes, in behalf of another. In the Roman law, intercessor was the name of an officer, whom the governors of provinces appointed principally to raise taxes and other duties.
Intercessor is also a term which was heretofore applie... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERCESSOR | |
kp-eb0712-031912-1949 | INTERCOLUMNIATION, in Architecture, denotes the space between two columns, which is always proportioned to the height and bulk of the columns. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERCOLUMNIATION | |
kp-eb0712-031913-1949 | INTERCOSTAL, in Anatomy, an appellation given to such muscles, nerves, arteries, and veins, as lie between the ribs. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERCOSTAL | |
kp-eb0712-031914-1949 | INTERDICT, an ecclesiastical censure, by which the church of Rome forbids the performance of divine service in a kingdom, province, or town. This censure has frequently been enforced in France, Italy, and Germany; and, in the year 1170, Pope Alexander III. put all England under an interdict, forbidding the clergy to pe... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERDICT | |
kp-eb0712-031915-1949 | INTEREST
Is the sum which the borrower of a capital obliges himself to pay to the lender for its use. ^[1. Intérêt: loyer d’un capital prêté; ou bien, en termes plus exacts, achat des services productifs que peut rendre un capital. (Say, °me il. p. 480, ed. 4me. ]
Formerly it was universally believed that, in the eve... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTEREST | |
kp-eb0712-032801-2066 | INTERJECTION, in Grammar, an indeclinable part of speech, expressive of some passion or emotion of the mind. See Grammar. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERJECTION | |
kp-eb0712-032802-2066 | INTERIM, a name given to a formulary, or kind of confession, of the articles of faith, obtruded upon the Protestants after Luther’s death by the Emperor Charles V. when he had defeated their forces; and so called because it was only to take place in the interim (mean time), till a general council should have decided al... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERIM | |
kp-eb0712-032803-2066 | INTERLOCUTOR, in Scotch Law, is the decision or judgment of a court before the final decree is passed and θxtractθd∙ | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERLOCUTOR | |
kp-eb0712-032804-2066 | INTERLOCUTORY Decree, in English Law. In a suit in equity, if *ιny matter of fact be strongly controverted, the fact is usually directed to be tried at the bar of the Court of King’s Bench, or at the assizes, upon a feigned issue. If a question of mere law arises in tbθ course of a cause, it is the practice of the Cour... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERLOCUTORY | |
kp-eb0712-032901-2079 | INTERLOPERS are properly those who, without due authority, hinder the trade of a company or corporation lawfully established, by dealing in the same way. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERLOPERS | |
kp-eb0712-032902-2079 | INTERLUDE, an entertainment exhibited on the theatre between the acts of a play, to amuse the spectators, or to give time for changing the scenes and decorations. In the ancient tragedy, the chorus sung the interludes, to show the intervals between the acts. Interludes, amongst us, usually consist of songs, dances, fea... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERLUDE | |
kp-eb0712-032903-2079 | INTERMENT, the act of interring, that is, burying or laying a deceased person in the ground.
Aristotle asserted that it was more just to assist the dead than the living. Plato, in his Republic, does not forget, amongst other acts of justice, that which concerns the dead. Cicero establishes three kinds of justice; the ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERMENT | |
kp-eb0712-033101-2105 | INTERMITTENT or Intermitting Fever, such fevers as go off and soon return again, in opposition to those which are continual. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERMITTENT | |
kp-eb0712-033102-2105 | INTERPOLATION, amongst critics, denotes a spurious passage inserted into the writings of some ancient author.
Interpolation, in the modern algebra, signifies to find an intermediate term of a series, its place in the series being given. This method was first invented by Mr Briggs, and applied by him to the calculation... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERPOLATION | |
kp-eb0712-033103-2105 | INTERPOSITION, the situation of a body between two others, so as to hide them, or prevent their action.
The eclipse of the sun is occasioned by an interposition of the moon between the sun and the earth; and that of the moon by the interposition of the earth between the sun and moon. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERPOSITION | |
kp-eb0712-033104-2105 | INTERPRETER, a person who explains the thoughts, words, or writings, of some other. The word interpres, according to Isidore, is composed of the preposition inter, aηΛ partes, as signifying a person in the middle between two parties, to make them mutually understand each other’s thoughts; whilst others derive it from i... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERPRETER | |
kp-eb0712-033105-2105 | INTERREGNUM, the time during which the throne is vacant in elective kingdoms; seeing that, in such as are hereditary, like ours, there is no such thing as an interregnum. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERREGNUM | |
kp-eb0712-033106-2105 | INTERREX, the magistrate who governs during an interregnum. This magistrate was established in ancient Rome, and was almost as old as the city itself. After the death of Romulus there was an interregnum of a year, during which the senators were interreges in their turn, five days each.
After the establishment of consu... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERREX | |
kp-eb0712-033107-2105 | INTERROGATION, Erotesis, a figure of rhetoric, in which the passion of the speaker introduces a thing by way of interrogation, to make its truth more conspicuous.
The interrogation is a kind of apostrophe which the speaker makes to himself; and it must be owned that this figure is suited to express most passions and e... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERROGATION | |
kp-eb0712-033108-2105 | INTERSCENDENT, in Algebra, is applied to quantities, when the exponents of their powers are radical quantities. Thus, a ’ √ 2 , xsfi a , &c. are interscendent quantities. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERSCENDENT | |
kp-eb0712-033109-2105 | INTERSECTION, in Mathematics, the cutting of one line or plane by another; or the point or line in which two lines or two planes cut each other.
The mutual intersection of two planes is a right line. The centre of a circle is in the intersection of two diameters. The central point of a regular or irregular figure of f... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERSECTION | |
kp-eb0712-033110-2105 | INTERVAL, the distance or space between two extremes, either in time or in place. The word comes from the Latin intervallum, which, according to Isidore, signifies the space inter fossam et murum, between the ditch and the wall; whilst others observe that the stakes or piles driven into the ground in the ancient Roman ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTERVAL | |
kp-eb0712-033201-2118 | INTESTATE, in Law, a person who dies without making a will. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTESTATE | |
kp-eb0712-033202-2118 | INTONATION, in Music, the action of sounding the notes in the scale with the voice, or any other given order of musical tones. Intonation may either be true or false, too high or too low, too sharp or too flat; and then this· word intonation, attended with an epithet, must be understood concerning the manner of perform... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTONATION | |
kp-eb0712-033203-2118 | INTRENCHMENT, in the military art, is any work which fortifies a post against the attack of an enemy. It is generally taken for a ditch or trench with a parapet. 1ntrenchments are sometimes made of fascines with earth thrown over them, or of gabions, hogsheads, or bags filled with earth, to cover the men from the enemy... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTRENCHMENT | |
kp-eb0712-033204-2118 | INTRIGUE, an assemblage of events or circumstances occurring in an affair, and perplexing the persons concerned in it. In this sense it is used to signify the nodus or plot of a play or romance; or that point in which the principal characters are most embarrassed, through the artifice and opposition of certain persons,... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTRIGUE | |
kp-eb0712-033205-2118 | INTRASCA, a city of the kingdom of Sardinia, in the province Pallanza, on Lake Maggiore, containing a nunnery, two churches, 320 houses, and 4570 inhabitants. Here are considerable manufactures of linen goods, hats, glass, and other wares. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTRASCA | |
kp-eb0712-033206-2118 | INTRINSIC, a term applied to the real and genuine values and properties of any thing, in opposition to their extrinsic or apparent qualities. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTRINSIC | |
kp-eb0712-033207-2118 | INTRODUCTION, in general, signifies any thing which tends to make another in some measure known, before we have leisure or proceed to examine it thoroughly; and hence it is used on a great variety of occasions. The term is also used to signify the actual motion of any body out of one place into another, when that motio... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTRODUCTION | |
kp-eb0712-033208-2118 | INTUITION, amongst logicians, the act by which the mind perceives the agreement or disagreement of two ideas, immediately by themselves, without the intervention of any other; in which case the mind perceives the truth as the eye does the light, only by being directed towards it. See Metaphysics. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTUITION | |
kp-eb0712-033209-2118 | INTUITIVE Evidence is that which results from intuition. Dr Campbell distinguishes different sorts of intuitive evidence; one resulting purely from intellection, another kind arising from consciousness, and a third sort from that faculty called common sense, which this ingenious writer contends to be a distinct origina... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INTUITIVE | |
kp-eb0712-033210-2118 | INUNDATION, a sudden overflowing of the dry land by the waters of the ocean, rivers, lakes, springs, or rains. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INUNDATION | |
kp-eb0712-033211-2118 | INVALID, a person wounded, maimed, or disabled for action by age. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVALID | |
kp-eb0712-033212-2118 | INVECTED, in Heraldry, denotes a thing fluted or furrowed. See Heraldry. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVECTED | |
kp-eb0712-033213-2118 | INVECTIVE, in Phetorìc, differs from reproof, as the latter proceeds from a friend, and is intended for the good of the person reproved; whereas invective is the work of an enemy, and entirely designed to vex and give uneasiness to the person against whom it is directed. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVECTIVE | |
kp-eb0712-033214-2118 | INVENTION denotes the art of finding any thi∏αr new, or even the thing thus found. Thus we say, the invention of gunpowder, the invention of printing, and so on.
Invention is also used for the finding of a thing hidden. The Roman Catholic church celebrates a feast on the 4th of May, under the title of the invention of... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVENTION | |
kp-eb0712-033215-2118 | INVERARY, a royal burgh of Scotland, and capital of the county of Argyle. It is delightfully situated on the west bank of Loch Fine, near its upper extremity, at the distance of 102 miles west by north of Edinburgh, 60 north-west from Glasgow, and thirty to the south-east of Oban. In front of the town is the small bay ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERARY | |
kp-eb0712-033301-2131 | INVERBERVIE, or Bervie, a town of Scotland, in Kincardineshire, and a royal burgh in virtue of a charter of David II. dated 1362, and renewed by James VI. in 1595. It is situated on the sea-coast, at the mouth of a stream called Bervie, between two small hills, which terminate in high cliffs towards the sea, at thirtee... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERBERVIE | |
kp-eb0712-033302-2131 | INVERKEITHING, a royal burgh of Scotland, in the county of Fife, is agreeably situated in a bay called St Margaret’s Hope, on the north shores of the Frith of Forth, at the distance of thirteen miles from Kirkaldy, twenty-eight from Stirling, four from Dunfermline, and about fourteen from Edinburgh. It stands on the br... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERKEITHING | |
kp-eb0712-033303-2131 | INVERLOCHY, or Innerlochy, a place in the West Highlands of Scotland, in the county of Inverness. It is situated on the east shore of Loch Eil, near the spot where that arm of the sea is joined by the Caledonian Canal. The town of Fort William lies contiguous to it on the south. According to legendary lore, this place ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERLOCHY | |
kp-eb0712-033304-2131 | INVERNESS, the only large town in the county, and usually styled the capital of the Highlands, is finely situated on the banks of the river Ness, where it falls into the Moray Frith. The ancient and principal part of the town is on the east side of the river; but, since the construction of the Caledonian Canal, houses ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERNESS | |
kp-eb0712-033401-2144 | INVERNESS-SHIRE, the most extensive county in Scotland, situated between 56° 40' and 57° 36' north latitude, and between 3° 50' and 5° 50' west longitude from Greenwich, is bounded on the north by the shires of Ross and Cromarty; on the east by those of Aberdeen, Banff, Moray, and Nairn, and by the Moray Frith; on the ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERNESS-SHIRE | |
kp-eb0712-033701-2183 | INVERSE, the opposite of direct, is applied to a particular form of proportion. See Arithmetic. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERSE | |
kp-eb0712-033702-2183 | INVERSION, the act by which any thing is inverted or turned backwards. Problems in geometry and arithmetic are often proved by inversion; that is, by a contrary rule or operation.
Inversion, in Grammar, is where the words of a phrase are ranged in a manner not so natural as they might be. For instance, “Of all vices, ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERSION | |
kp-eb0712-033703-2183 | INVERTED, in Music, signifies a change in the order of the notes which form a chord, or in the parts that compose harmony, which happens by substituting in the bass, those sounds which ought to have been in the upper part; an operation not only rendered practicable, but greatly facilitated, by the resemblance which one... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERTED | |
kp-eb0712-033704-2183 | INVERURY, a royal burgh of Scotland, in the county of Aberdeen, and capital of a parish of the same name. It is pleasantly situated in the angle of land near the confluence of the Urie and Don, at the distance of sixteen miles north-west of Aberdeen. The oldest charter is a ìiovodamus by Queen Mary, narrating that Inve... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVERURY | |
kp-eb0712-033705-2183 | INVESTIGATION properly denotes the searching or finding out any thing by the tracts or prints of the feet; and hence mathematicians, schoolmen, and grammarians, have employed the term in their respective researches. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVESTIGATION | |
kp-eb0712-033706-2183 | INVESTITURE, in Law, a giving livery of seisin or possession. There was anciently a great variety of ceremonies used upon investitures, which at first were made by a certain form of words, and afterwards by such things as had the greatest resemblance to the thing to be transferred. Thus, where lands were intended to pa... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVESTITURE | |
kp-eb0712-033707-2183 | INVOCATION, in Theology, the act of adoring God, and especially of addressing him in prayer for his assistance and protection.
The difference between the invocation of God and of the saints, as practised by the Roman Catholics, is thus explained in the catechism of the council of Trent. “We beg of God,” says the catec... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVOCATION | |
kp-eb0712-033708-2183 | INVOICE, an account, in writing, of the particulars of merchandise, with the value, customs, charges, &c. thereof, transmitted by one merchant to another in a distant country. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVOICE | |
kp-eb0712-033709-2183 | INVOLUCRUM, amongst botanists, expresses that sort of cup which surrounds a number of flowers, every one of which has, besides this general cup, its own particular perianthium. The involucrum consists of a multitude of little leaves disposed in a radiated manner. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVOLUCRUM | |
kp-eb0712-033710-2183 | INVOLUTION, in Algebra, the raising any quantity from its root to any height or power assigned. See Algebra. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | INVOLUTION | |
kp-eb0712-033711-2183 | IO, in fabulous history, daughter of Inachus, or, according to others, of Jasus or Pirene, was priestess of Juno at Argos. Jupiter became enamoured of her; but Juno, jealous of his intrigues, discovered the object of his affection, and surprised him in the company of Io. Jupiter changed his mistress into a beautiful he... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IO | |
kp-eb0712-033712-2183 | IOLAIA, a festival at Thebes, the same as that called Heracleia. It was instituted in honour of Hercules and his friend Iolas, who assisted him in conquering the hydra. It continued during several days, on the first of which were offered solemn sacrifices; the next day horse-races and athletic exercises were exhibited;... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IOLAIA | |
kp-eb0712-033801-2196 | ION, in fabulous history, a son of Xntbus, and Creüsa, daughter of Erechtheus, who married Helice, the daughter of Selinus king of Aegiale. He succeeded to the throne of his father-in-law, and built a city, which he called Helice, on account of his wife. His subjects received from him the name of Ionians, and the count... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | ION | |
kp-eb0712-033802-2196 | IONA, or Icolmkill, one of the Hebrides, a small but celebrated island, “once,” as Dr Johnson expresses it, “the luminary of the Caledonian regions, whence savage clans and roving barbarians derived the benefits of knowledge and the blessings of religion.” The name Iona is derived from the Hebrew word signifying a dove... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IONA | |
kp-eb0712-033901-2209 | IONIA, a district of Asia Minor, extending along the coasts of the Aegean Sea about 3430 stadia (428∣∙ miles), according to Strabo, if we include the sinuosities of the coast, though by land the distance was much shorter. To the north its boundary was the cape near which stood the city Pħocaea, close to the river Hermu... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IONIA | |
kp-eb0712-034001-2222 | IONIAN ISLANDS.
The Ionian Islands formerly constituted a small part of the Venetian dominions; and, by a fate somewhat singular, they were raised to the rank of an independent power without any efforts of their own, at the very period which witnessed the extinction of Venice itself, with Genoa, Ragusa, and many other... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IONIAN ISLANDS | |
kp-eb0712-034701-2313 | IONIC Order. See Architecture. Ionic Dialect, in Grammar, a manner of speaking peculiar to the people of Ionia.
Ionic Sect was the first of the ancient sects of philosophers; the others were the Italic and the Eleatic. The founder of the Ionic sect was Thales, a native of Miletus, in Ionia, whence his followers assume... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IONIC | |
kp-eb0712-034702-2313 | IONIUM Mare, a part of the Mediterranean Sea, at the bottom of the Adriatic. It lies between Sicily and Greece. That part of the Aegean Sea which lies on the coasts of Ionia in Asia is called the Sea of Ionia, and not the Ionian Sea. According to some authors, the Ionian Sea receives its name from Io, who swam across a... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IONIUM | |
kp-eb0712-034703-2313 | IPHICRATES, one of the most celebrated generals of the Athenians, was a man of low origin, who raised himself to the highest rank by his prudence and military talents. The exact date of his birth and death is unknown; but he began to take an active part in the affairs of his country in 392, b. c. when he proceeded with... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IPHICRATES | |
kp-eb0712-034704-2313 | IPHIGENIA, a daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. When the Greeks, going to the Trojan war, were detained by contrary winds at Aulis, they were informed by one of the soothsayers, that to appease the gods they must sacrifice to Diana, Iphigenia, daughter of Agamemnon. The father, who had provoked the goddess by kill... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IPHIGENIA | |
kp-eb0712-034705-2313 | IPSWICH, a market and borough town, the capital of the county of Suffolk, sixty-nine miles from London. It stands on the side of a gentle elevation rising from the 'banks of the river Orwell, which is navigable for vessels of the smaller size to the bottom of the town. The country around it is fertile, and the banks of... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IPSWICH | |
kp-eb0712-034801-2326 | IRAK, a province of Persia, being the greatest part of the ancient Media, is bounded on the south by Fars and Kuzistan; on the east by Khorassan and the great salt desert; on the west by Kurdistan; and on the north by Azerbijan, Ghilan, and Mazunderan. This great province has everywhere a most mountainous appearance. T... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRAK | |
kp-eb0712-034802-2326 | IRASCIBLE, in the old philosophy, a term applied to an appetite or a part of the soul, where anger and the other passions which animate us against things difficult or odious were supposed to reside.
Of the eleven kinds of passions attributed to the soul, philosophers ascribe five to the irascible appetite, viz. wrath,... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRASCIBLE | |
kp-eb0712-034803-2326 | IRBIT, or Irbitskaia, a town of Russia, in the government of Perm, on the river Irbit, and the frontiers of Siberia. It is noted for a yearly market held in January, the season for travelling on the ice, and is an entrepôt for Siberian furs, and other arctic merchandise passing into Europe. The annual fair is frequente... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | 57 35' N 62 50' E | IRBIT |
kp-eb0712-034804-2326 | IREG, a market-town of the circle of Sezerem, in the Austrian Sclavonian province of Siebenbirgen. It stands at the foot of the Karlovitz Mountains, in a fruitful district yielding good wine. It contains 1020 houses, with 4863 inhabitants. Long. 19. 47. 59. E. Lat. 45. 6. 47. N.
[7:12:349] | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | 45 6' 47" N 19 47' 59" E | IREG |
kp-eb0712-034901-2339 | IRELAND.
Ireland, one of the largest of the European islands, is situated to the west of Great Britain, from which it is separated by a narrow channel called the Irish Sea and St George’s Channel on the east, and is bounded on its other sides by the Atlantic Ocean, through which it can maintain a direct communication ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRELAND | |
kp-eb0712-042701-3353 | IRELAND, New, an island in the eastern seas, north from New Britain. It is long and narrow, and extends from north-west to south-east about 190 miles. Its aspect from the sea is very mountainous, and appears to be covered with thick woods, which abound in pigeons, parrots, and other birds. The inhabitants are in a stat... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRELAND | |
kp-eb0712-042702-3353 | IRENAEUS, St, a bishop of Lyons, was born in Greece about the year 120 of our era. He was the disciple of Pappias and Polycarp, by whom, it is said, he was sent into Gaul in 157∙ He lived at Lyons, where he performed the office of a priest; and in 178 was sent to Rome, where he disputed with Valentinus, and his two dis... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRENAEUS | |
kp-eb0712-042703-3353 | IRENE, empress of the east, celebrated for her valour, wit, and beauty; but detestable for her cruelty, having sacrificed her own son to the ambition of reigning alone. She died in 803. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRENE | |
kp-eb0712-042704-3353 | IRIS, in Physiology i the rainbow. The word is Greek, Içí¢, supposed by some to be derived from ueω i I speak, I tell; as being a meteor that is supposed to foretell, or rather to declare rain.
Iris is also applied to those changeable colours which sometimes appear in the glasses of telescopes, microscopes, and such l... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRIS | |
kp-eb0712-042705-3353 | IRJAH, an Afghan town in the province of Cabul, fifty-five miles S.E. from the city of Cabul. Lat. 33° 54 ʹ N.; Long. 69° 5′ E. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRJAH | |
kp-eb0712-042706-3353 | IRKOUTSK, an extensive government of Russia, comprehending all the eastern part of Siberia or Asiatic Russia. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, or, more properly, by its gulfs called the Seas of Kamtschatka, Okhotsk, and Anadyr; on the north by the Frozen Ocean; on the west by Tobolsk; and on the south by... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRKOUTSK | |
kp-eb0712-042707-3353 | IRKOUTSK, the capital of the above government and district, containing 1500 wooden houses, with two houses of stone. The streets are unpaved, though, owing to the fineness of the weather, they are seldom dirty. It contains thirty-three churches and two cloisters, and is also the seat of an archbishop, and the station o... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRKOUTSK | |
kp-eb0712-042708-3353 | IRON, one of the metals, and one of the hardest and most useful, as well as the most abundant.
[7:12:428] | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRON | |
kp-eb0712-042801-3366 | IRON-MAKING.
I.—HISTORY.
- It is probable that iron was first accidentally obtained during the operation of carbonizing wood. If the surface of the country where this process was performed abounded in ores of iron, fragments might casually find admission to the fire, and, sinking through the ignited charcoal, become ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRON-MAKING | |
kp-eb0712-044501-3587 | IRONY, in Phetoric, is when a person speaks contrary to his thoughts, in order to add force to his discourse; for which reason Quintilian calls it diversiloquium. Thus, when a notorious villain is scornfully complimented with the title of a very honest and excellent person, the character of the person commended, the ai... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRONY | |
kp-eb0712-044502-3587 | IROQUOIS, the name given by the French to the confederacy of North American Indians, called by the English the five, and afterwards the six nations. They occupied an extensive tract of country near Lake Ontario, and make a considerable figure in the early history of British America. They are now very greatly reduced. S... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IROQUOIS | |
kp-eb0712-044503-3587 | IRRADIATION, the act of emitting subtle effluvia, like the rays of the sun, in every direction. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRRADIATION | |
kp-eb0712-044504-3587 | IRREGULAR, something that deviates from the common forms or rules. Thus we say, an irregular fortification, an irregular building, an irregular figure, and the like.
Irregular, in Grammar, such inflections of words as vary from the general rules. Thus we say, irregular nouns, irregular verbs, and the like. The distinc... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRREGULAR | |
kp-eb0712-044505-3587 | IRRIGATION.
A hasty inspection of irrigation and draining would lead to the belief that they are founded on opposite principles. It is seen that draining deprives the land of water, and that irrigation, on the contrary, supplies it with water. It is obvious that the great object of draining, and particularly of furrow... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRRIGATION.
A | |
kp-eb0712-045601-3730 | IRRITABILITY, in Anatomy and Medicine, a term first invented by Glisson, and adopted by Haller, to denote an essential property of all animal bodies, which exists independently of, and in contradistinction to, sensibility. This ingenious author calls that part of the human body irritable, which becomes shorter upon bei... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRRITABILITY | |
kp-eb0712-045701-3743 | IRROGATIO, a term of the Roman law, signifying the instrument in which were put down the punishments that the law provided against such offences as any person was accused of by a magistrate before the people. These punishments were first proclaimed viva voce by the accuser, and this was called Inquisitio. But the same ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRROGATIO | |
kp-eb0712-045702-3743 | IRROMANGO, or Erromango, one of the New Hebrides islands, is about 24 or 25 leagues in circuit; the middle of it lies in Lat. 18° 54′ S.; Long. 169° 19′ E. See Australasia. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRROMANGO | |
kp-eb0712-045703-3743 | IRTISH, a large river of Asia, in Siberia, which rises amongst the hills of the country of the Kalmucks, and, running north-east, falls into the Oby near Tobolsk. It abounds with fish, particularly sturgeon, and delicate salmon. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRTISH | |
kp-eb0712-045704-3743 | IRVINE, a seaport town and royal burgh of Scotland, in the bailiwick of Cunningham, and county of Ayr; it is agreeably situated at the mouth of a river of the same name on the Frith of Clyde, at the distance of eleven miles north of Ayr, sixty-seven from Edinburgh, twenty-five south-southwest of Glasgow, and six and a ... | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | IRVINE | |
kp-eb0712-045801-3756 | ISAAC, the Jewish patriarch, and an example of filial obedience, died 1716 before Christ, aged one hundred and eighty years. | ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT
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... | ISAAC |
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