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kp-eb0706-061811-5037
CHOREUS, Xosεoς, a foot in the ancient poetry, more commonly called trochoeus. See Trochee.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOREUS
kp-eb0706-061812-5037
CHORIAMBUS, in ancient poetry, a foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first and last are long, and the two middle ones short; or, which is the same thing, it is composed of a trochoeus and iambus.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHORIAMBUS
kp-eb0706-061813-5037
CHORLEY, a market-town in the parish of Croston, and hundred of Leyland, in Lancashire, 209 miles from London, on the great road to Edinburgh. The river Chor rises near it, the various streams from which are used to turn mills, and for the other purposes of the cotton manufacture, which is very extensively carried on i...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHORLEY
kp-eb0706-061901-5050
CHOROGRAPHY, the art of making a map of any country or province. Chorography differs from geography as the description of a particular country differs from that of the whole earth; and from topography as the description of a country is different from that of a town or district.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOROGRAPHY
kp-eb0706-061902-5050
CHORUS, in dramatic poetry, one or more persons present on the stage during the representation, and supposed to be bystanders without any share in the action. Tragedy, in its origin, was no more than a single chorus, who trode the stage alone, without any actors, singing dithyrambics or hymns in honour of Bacchus. The...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHORUS
kp-eb0706-061903-5050
CHOSE (Fr.), a thing, used in the common law with divers epithets, as chose local, chose transitory, and chose in action. Chose local is such a thing as is annexed to a place, as a mill and the like; chose transitory is that thing which is movable, and may be taken away, or carried from place to place; and chose in act...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOSE
kp-eb0706-061904-5050
CHOTEESGUR, a large district of Hindustan, in the province of Gundwanah, situated principally between the twenty-second and twenty-third degrees of north latitude. It is sometimes called Ruttunpore, from its principal town, but more frequently Jeharcund, from its being full of woods. Choteesgur, which name is given to ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOTEESGUR
kp-eb0706-061905-5050
CHOUL, Upper, a fortress and sea-port of Hindustan, in the province of Aurungabad, situated on the sea-coast of the Concan, twenty-five miles south of Bombay. It was a place of considerable consequence during the Bhamance dynasty in the Deccan. At this port Sevajee had in the year 1679 a very respectable fleet, under D...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOUL
kp-eb0706-061906-5050
CHOUTEA, a town of Hindustan, in the province of Bahar, 200 miles west-north-west from Calcutta. Long. 85. 29. E. Lat. 23. 26. N.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
23 26' N 85 29' E
CHOUTEA
kp-eb0706-061907-5050
CHOWERA, a town of Hindustan, in the Gujerat peninsula, about thirty miles north by east from Wankaneer. It is situated on an eminence, surrounded by a high stone wall, with square towers in a ruinous state.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHOWERA
kp-eb0706-061908-5050
CHOWPAREH, a town of Hindustan, in the province of Lahore, situated on the east of the Indus, a few miles above its junction with the Sohaan river. Long. 70. 50. E. Lat. 32. 10. N.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
32 10' N 70 50' E
CHOWPAREH
kp-eb0706-061909-5050
CHRENECRUDA, a term occurring in writers of the middle ages, and expressing a custom of those times; but its precise signification is somewhat doubtful. It is mentioned in the Lex Salica, tit. 61, that he who kills a man, and has not wherewithal to satisfy the law or pay the fine, [7:6:620]must make oath that he has de...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRENECRUDA
kp-eb0706-062001-5063
CHRISM (from γjpω, I anoint), oil consecrated by the bishop, and used in the Roman Catholic and Greek churches, in the administration of baptism, confirmation, ordination, and extreme unction. It is prepared on Holy Thursday with much ceremony. The chrism in baptism is performed by the priest, and in confirmation by t...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISM
kp-eb0706-062002-5063
CHRIST, an appellation synonymous with Messiah, usually added to the name Jesus, and therewith denoting the Saviour of the world. The word χρΰτος signifies anointed, from χg∕ω, inungo, I anoint. Sometimes the word Christ is used singly, by way of antonomasis, to denote a person sent from God, as an anointed prophet, pr...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRIST
kp-eb0706-062003-5063
CHRISTCHURCH, a borough and market town in the county of Hants, in the new forest division, ninety-eight miles from London. It is pleasantly situated at the conflux of the rivers Avon and Stour. It is a corporate town, and has a weekly market, which is held on Monday. The inhabitants amounted in 1811 to 1553, in 1821 t...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTCHURCH
kp-eb0706-062004-5063
CHRISTIANIA, a city, the capital of Norway, the residence of the stadtholder, of the storthing or parliament, and courts of law. It is built at the foot of the Egeberge, in a beautiful valley, surrounded by country seats. It is an open city, and defended only by the fortress Aggerhuus. The streets are broad and at righ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
59 55' 20" N 10 43' 25" E
CHRISTIANIA
kp-eb0706-062005-5063
CHRISTIANITY, the religion of Christians. The word is analogically derived, as other abstracts from their concretes, from the adjective Christian, which again is formed from the name X^∕(iroς, Christus, the Anointed. The Saviour of the world was so called, from a custom which prevailed extensively in antiquity, and was...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTIANITY
kp-eb0706-062901-5180
CHRISTIANS, those who profess the religion of Jesus Christ. The name Christians, as we read in the Acts of the Apostles, was first given at Antioch, in the year 42, to those who believed in Jesus Christ. Till that time they were called disciples. The first Christians distinguished themselves in the most remarkable man...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTIANS
kp-eb0706-063001-5193
CHRISTIANSAMT, a bailiwick in the province of Aggerhuus, in Norway, comprehending seventeen parishes, with sixty-six churches and seventeen chapels, and containing 66,405 inhabitants.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTIANSAMT
kp-eb0706-063002-5193
CHRISTIANSAND, a province of Norway. It is the most southern and the smallest province of the kingdom. It extends over 10,629 square miles, and contains 117,580 inhabitants. It is generally mountainous, and on the coast has some deep indentations forming excellent havens. By a law of 1815 it is divided into two parts, ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
58 27' N 8 45' 5" E
CHRISTIANSAND
kp-eb0706-063003-5193
CHRISTIANSTADT, one of the provinces of the kingdom of Sweden. It is bounded on the north-west by the Cattegat, on the north by Halmstadt and Cronoberg, on the north-east by Carlscros, on the east and south by the Baltic Sea, and on the west by Malmoe. It extends over 2244 square miles, and contains a population of 120...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
56 1' 26" N 14 4' 10" E
CHRISTIANSTADT
kp-eb0706-063004-5193
CHRISTIANSUND, a town in Norway, in the bailiwick of Romdals, and province of Drontheiin. It stands on an island, or rather three small islands, and a point of land between rocks and cliffs. It has a very secure harbour for a fleet of the largest ships. It contains 400 houses, all of wood, and 1624 inhabitants, employe...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
63 6' 55" N 17 37' 15" E
CHRISTIANSUND
kp-eb0706-063005-5193
CHRISTINA, a daughter of Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, was born in 1626, and succeeded to the crown in 1633, when only seven years of age. This princess discovered, even in her infancy, what she afterwards expressed in her memoirs, namely, an invincible antipathy for the employments and conversation of women; and ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTINA
kp-eb0706-063101-5206
CHRISTMAS Day, a festival of the Christian church, observed on the 25th of December, in memory of the nativity of Jesus Christ. As to the antiquity of this festival, the first traces we find of it are in the second century, about the time of the Emperor Commodus. The decretal epistles indeed carry it a little higher, a...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRISTMAS
kp-eb0706-063102-5206
CHRISTOPHERS, St, one of the West India islands, was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1493, who bestowed upon it his own Christian name. It is about fifteen miles in length, and in average breadth about four; but towards the eastern extremity it is only three; and between that and the main part of the island there...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
17 17' N 62 49' W
CHRISTOPHERS
kp-eb0706-063201-5219
CHROMATIC, a kind of music which proceeds by several semitones in succession. The word is derived from the Greek γ^ο>μa, which signifies colour. For this denomination several causes have been assigned, of which none appears certain, and all are equally unsatisfactory. Instead, therefore, of fixing upon any, we shall of...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHROMATIC
kp-eb0706-063202-5219
CHROMATICS. The gradual progress of scientific investigation has continued to add, from year to year, a multitude of new discoveries to our knowledge of experimental and physical optics; and no department of this subject has received additions so diversified and so important as those which relate to the phenomena of c...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHROMATICS
kp-eb0706-065101-5466
CHROMIUM. See Chemistry.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHROMIUM
kp-eb0706-065102-5466
CHRONIC, among physicians, an appellation given to diseases that continue a long time, in contradistinction to those that soon terminate, and are termed acute.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRONIC
kp-eb0706-065103-5466
CHRONICLE, in matters of literature, a species or kind of history disposed according to the order of time, and agreeing in most respects with annals. [7:6:652] Chronology, from χξοvος, time, and ∖ ογος, word or description. is the science which treats of time. Its object is to arrange and exhibit the various events wh...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRONICLE
kp-eb0706-068301-5882
CHRONOMETER denotes, in general, any instrument or machine used in measuring time, such as dials, clocks, watches, and the like. The term chronometer, however, is commonly used in a more limited sense for a kind of clock, so contrived as to measure a small portion of time with great exactness, even to the sixteenth pa...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRONOMETER
kp-eb0706-068302-5882
CHRUDIM, one of the circles into which the Austrian kingdom of Bohemia is divided. It extends over 1196 square miles, and contained, in 1817, 248,750 inhabitants, mostly of the Sclavonian race, as there are only a few German families on the frontier towards Moravia. The chief part of the circle is on the western side o...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRUDIM
kp-eb0706-068401-5895
CHRYSALIS, or Aurelia, in Natural History, astate of rest and seeming insensibility, which butterflies, moths, and several other kinds of insects, pass through before they arrive at their winged or most perfect state. See Entomology, Index.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSALIS
kp-eb0706-068402-5895
CHRYSES, the priest of Apollo, and father of Chryseis. When Lyrnessus was taken, and the spoils divided among the conquerors, Chryseis fell to the share of Agamemnon; upon which Chryses went to the Grecian camp to solicit his daughter’s restoration, and when his prayers proved fruitless, implored the aid of Apollo, who...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSES
kp-eb0706-068403-5895
CHRYSIPPUS, a Stoic philosopher, born at Solos in Cilicia, was a disciple of Clean thus, successor of Zeno. He wrote many books, several of which related to logic. None of the philosophers dogmatised in stronger terms of the fatal necessity of every thing, or declaimed more pompously of the liberty of man, than the Sto...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSIPPUS
kp-eb0706-068404-5895
CHRYSOLITE (Peridot , Haüy; Olivin, Hausmann). When chrysolite is found in a crystallized state, and of considerable dimensions, it is a very beautiful mineral, and presents a fine grass-green colour, with a vitreous fracture, and perfect transparency. Such specimens are very rare, and the locality is quite unknown, bu...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSOLITE
kp-eb0706-068405-5895
CHRYSOLORAS, Manuel or Emmanuel, aman who has claims on the eternal gratitude of all the lovers of learning. He was at the head of those learned Greeks who brought into Italy the language of Athens, and reopened the sources of erudition. Born at Constantinople, he was descended of an ancient and distinguished family, w...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSOLORAS
kp-eb0706-068406-5895
CHRYSOPRASE, a name derived from the Greek, signifying a superior kind of prase. It occurs at Rose-mutz in Silesia, and also at New Fane, Vermont, North America. It is of an apple-green colour, more or less intense. It is translucent, with a fine-grained splintry fracture, nearly even, and occurs massive, in contempora...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSOPRASE
kp-eb0706-068407-5895
CHRYSOSTOM, St John, a celebrated patriarch of Constantinople, and one of the most admired fathers of the Christian church, was born of a noble family at Antioch about the year 344 of our era. He studied rhetoric under Libanius, and philosophy under Andragathus,after which he spent some time in solitude in the mountain...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CHRYSOSTOM
kp-eb0706-068501-5908
CHUBB, Thomas, a noted polemical writer, born at East Harnham, a village near Salisbury, in 1679. He was put as apprentice to a glover at Salisbury, and afterwards entered into partnership with a tallow chandler. Being a man of strong natural parts, he employed all his leisure in reading; and, though a stranger to the ...
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CHUBB
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CHUDLEIGH, a market-town of the hundred of Ex-minster, in Devonshire, 182 miles from London. It is situated on the river Teign, and has considerable woollen manufactures. The market is held on Saturday. The inhabitants amounted in 1811 to 1832, in 1821 to 2053, and in 1831 to 2278.
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CHUDLEIGH
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CHULMLEIGH, a market-town of the hundred of Witheridge, in Devonshire, 193 miles from London, on the river Tow. There are some woollen manufactures here. The inhabitants amounted in 1811 to 1340, in 1821 to 1506, and in 1831 to 1573.
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CHULMLEIGH
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CHUMBUL, or the Sumbul, a river of Hindustan, which has its rise in the centre of the province of Malwah, within fifteen miles of the Nerbuddah. From thence its course is due north, until it passes the city of Kotah; after which, being augmented by many smaller streams, it turns more to the east, and falls into the Jum...
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CHUMBUL
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CHUMPANEER, a district of Hindustan, in the province of Gujerat, situated principally between the 22d and 24th degrees of north latitude, and bounded on the east by the province of Mai wall. It has two very large boundary rivers, the Nerbuddah and the Mahy; and is, besides, traversed by many smaller streams. It is chie...
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22 31' N 73 37' E
CHUMPANEER
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CHUNAR, a district of Hindustan, in the province of Allahabad, situated between the 25th and 26th degrees of north latitude. It is bounded on the north by the Ganges, on the east by Caramnassa, on the south by the Soane, and on the west by the Tonse. It was formerly part of the zemindary of Benares, and was ceded to th...
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CHUNAR
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CHUNARGHUR, a town and fortress of Hindustan, in the province of Allahabad and district of Chunar, situated on the south bank of the Ganges. The first is built on the top of a solid rock, which rises abruptly from the plain, and projects into the river. It is fortified all round with a stone wall and small towers, and ...
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CHUNARGHUR
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CHUPMESSAHITES, a sect among the Mahommedans, who believe that Jesus Christ is God, and the true Messiah, the Redeemer of the world, but without rendering him any public or declared worship.
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CHUPMESSAHITES
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CHUPPARAH, a town of Hindustan, in the province of Allahabad, situated on the Bein Gunga river. It is subject to the Mahrattas; but having been assigned as a jaghire to a chief of that nation, in reward for military service, it is now chiefly inhabited by Afghans. There are iron mines in its vicinity, which yield a val...
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22 22' N 80 2' E
CHUPPARAH
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CHUPRAH, a large town of Hindustan, in the province of Bahar, and chief town of the district of Sarun, situated on the north bank of the Ganges. It was first entered in 1757 by the British, in pursuit of a French detachment under Mr Law, which had entered into the service of Shuja Addowleh. It is thirty-two miles west-...
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25 46' N 84 46' E
CHUPRAH
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CHUQUISACA, the capital city of Bolivia, in the department of Chuquisaca, is situated at an elevation of 9331 feet above the level of the sea. It stands upon a plain, and is surrounded by a chain of eminences, which shelter it from the winds. The climate is mild and healthy, the temperature throughout the year presenti...
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CHUQUISACA
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CHURCH bas different significations, according to the different subjects to which it is applied. It is understood of the collective body of Christians, or of all those on the face of the earth who profess to believe in Christ, and to acknowledge him as the Saviour of mankind. This is what the ancient writers call the ...
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CHURCH
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CHURCHILL, John, Duke of Marlborough, and prince of the holy Roman empire, a renowned general and statesman, was born at Ashe, in Devonshire, in 1650. He was eldest son of Sir Winston Churchill, who carried him tα court while very young; and there he was particularly noticed by James duke of York, afterwards king James...
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CHURCHILL
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CHURCHYARD, a piece of ground adjoining to a church, and set apart for the interment of the dead. In the church of Rome such grounds are blessed or consecrated with great solemnity. If a churchyard which has been thus consecrated shall afterwards be polluted by any indecent action, or profaned by the burial of an infi...
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CHURCHYARD
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CHUWAL, a district of Hindustan, in the province of Guierat, situated between the 23d and 24th degrees of [7:6:690]north latitude, and about the 72d degree of east longitude. The Banass river bounds it on the north-west; and the district adjacent to this river is low-marshy land, and subject to inundation. The country ...
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CHUWAL
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CHYMOLOGI, an appellation given to such naturalists as have employed their time in investigating the properties of plants from their taste and smell.
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CHYMOLOGI
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CHYTLA, in Antiquity, a liquor made of wine and oil, and sometimes used in divination.
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CHYTLA
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CHYTRI, among the Athenians, a festival in honour of Bacchus and Mercury, which was kept on the 13th of the month Anthesterion.
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CHYTRI
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CIBBER, Colley, a celebrated comedian, dramatic writer, and poet-laureat to George IL, was born at London in 1671. His father, Caius Gabriel Cibber, was a native of Holstein, and a skilful statuary, who executed the basso relievo on the pedestal of the Monument, and the two admired figures of lunatics over the piers of...
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CIBBER
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CIBORIA, in Antiquity, the large husks of Egyptian beans, which are said to have been so large as to serve for drinking-cups; whence they had their name ciborium, signifying a cup in the Egyptian language.
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CIBORIA
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CIBORIUM, in ecclesiastical writers, the covering for the altar. This covering is supported by four high columns, and forms a kind of tent for the eucharist in the Catholic churches. Some authors call it turris gestatoria, and others pyxis ; but the pyxis is properly the box in which the eucharist is preserved.
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CIBORIUM
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CIBUS Ferialis, in Antiquity, an entertainment peculiar to a funeral; for which purpose beans, parsley, lettuce, bread, eggs, lentils, and salt were in use.
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CIBUS
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CICACOLE, the largest and most northern division of the country lying on the western side of the Bay of Bengal, called the Northern Circars. It was anciently called Kulling or Calinga, and extends hetween the 17th and 20th degrees of north latitude, though it is not above one degree in breadth. It is subdivided into tw...
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CICACOLE
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CICERO, Marcus Tullius, the celebrated Roman orator, was born in the year of Rome 647, or about 105 years before Christ. His father Marcus Tullius, who was of the equestrian order, took great care of his education, which was directed particularly with a view to the bar. On his first appearance in public, young Tully de...
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CICERO
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CICIANO, a town of Italy, in the province Terra di Lavoro, and kingdom of Naples, containing 3156 inhabitants.
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CICIANO
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CICISBEO, an Italian term, which in its etymology signifies a whisperer ; a term bestowed in Italy both on lovers, and on those who to outward appearance act as such, waiting on married ladies with as much attention and respect as if they were their lovers. This Italian custom has been spoken of very reproachfully by s...
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CICISBEO
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CICLUT, or Cicluch, a strong frontier town of Dalmatia, situated on the river Narentha, in longitude 18. 22. east, latitude 43. 29. north. It is surrounded with walls built in the ancient manner, and it was taken by the Venetians from the Turks in 1694.
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CICLUT
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CIDARIS, in Antiquity, the mitre used by the Jewish high priests. The rabbin say that the bonnet used by priests in general was made of a piece of linen cloth sixteen yards long, which covered their heads like a helmet or turban; and they allow no difference between the high priest’s bonnet and that of other priests, e...
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CIDARIS
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CIGLIANO, a town of Italy, in the province Bercelli and kingdom of Sardinia, on the canal of Santhea∙ It contains 3100 inhabitants.
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CIGLIANO
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CIGNANI, Carlo, an Italian painter, was born at Bologna in 1628. He was the disciple of Albani, and was esteemed by Pope Clement XI. who nominated him prince of the academy of Bologna, and loaded him with favours. Cignani died at Forli in 1719. The cupola of La Madonna del Fuoco at Forli, in which he represented Paradi...
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CIGNANI
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CILICIA, an ancient kingdom of Asia, situated between the 36th and 40th degrees of north latitude, and bounded on the east by Syria, or rather by Mount Amanus, which separates it from that kingdom; on the west by Pamphylia; on the north by Isauria, Cappadocia, and Armenia Minor; and on the south by the Mediterranean Se...
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CILICIA
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CILICIUM, in Hebrew antiquity, a sort of habit made of coarse stuff, formerly in usc among the Jews in times of mourning and distress. It is the same with what the Septuagint and Hebrew versions call sackcloth.
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CILICIUM
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CIMABUE, Giovanni, a celebrated painter, born at Florence in 1240, and the first who revived the art of painting in Italy. According to the custom of the times, he painted in fresco and in distemper; colours in oil not being then found out. He excelled in architecture as well as in painting; and was concerned in erecti...
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CIMABUE
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CIMAROSA, Domenico, a celebrated composer of music, was born at Naples in 1754. He first studied under Aprile, but afterwards in the conservatory of Loretto, under Fenaroli, a pupil of Durante, who communicated to him the principles of that great master. As indications of his extraordinary assiduity here, several stori...
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CIMAROSA
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CIMBRI, an ancient Celtic nation, inhabiting the northern parts of Germany. They are said to have been descended from the Asiatic Cimmerians, and to have taken the name of' Cimbri when they changed their old habitations. When they first became remarkable, they inhabited chiefly the peninsula now called Jutland, and by ...
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CIMBRI
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CIMENA, a city of the intendancy of Calatanisetta, in the island of Sicily. It is very unhealthy, though situated on the side of a mountain. It is near the sea, on the river Ciotta, and contains 6150 inhabitants.
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CIMENA
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CIMMERII, anciently a people near the Palus Maeotis. They invaded Asia Minor 1284 years before Christ, and seized upon the kingdom of Cyaxares. But after they had been masters of the country for twenty-eight years, they were driven back by Alyates, king of Lydia. This is also the name of another nation on the western c...
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CIMMERII
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CIMOLIA Terra, in Natural History, a name applied by the ancients to an earth, at one time much employed in medicine, but which in later ages has been supposed to be no other than our tobacco-pipe clay and fullers’ earth. The cimolia terra of the ancients was found in several of the islands of the Archipelago, particu...
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CIMOLIA
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CIMON, an Athenian, son of Miltiades and Hegisipyle. He was famous for his debaucheries in his youth, and the reformation of his morals when he arrived at years of discretion. He behaved with great courage at the battle of Salamis, and rendered himself popular by his munificence and valour. In one day he defeated the P...
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CIMON
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CINALOA, or Sinaloa, a province of Mexico, in the intendancy of Sonora, situated between New Biscay and the Gulf of California. On the south it is bounded by Guadalaxara and the ocean. It is about 300 miles in length and 150 in breadth. The country is bare, destitute of timber, and hilly. The air is dry, pure, and salu...
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CINALOA
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CINALOA, or Sinaloa, the capital of the above province, is situated to the east of the port of Santa Maria d’Aome. It contains a population of 9500. Long. 106. 40. W. Lat. 26. 26. N.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
26 26' N 106 40' W
CINALOA
kp-eb0706-069804-6077
CINCHONA, otherwise called Peruvian or Jesuits’ Bark. According to some, the Peruvians learned the use of this bark by observing certain animals affected with •intermittents instinctively led to it; whilst others say, that a Peruvian having an ague, was cured by happening to drink of a pool which, from some trees havin...
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CINCHONA
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CINCINNATI, a city of the state of Ohio, in Hamilton county, on the northern bank of the river Ohio. It was first laid out in the year 1789, and began to flourish after the year 1794, since which period it has rapidly increased in wealth, trade, and population. The city is pleasantly and advantageously situated, partly...
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39 6' N 84 27' W
CINCINNATI
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CINCINNATUS, a Roman dictator, who was taken from the plough to be advanced to the dignity of consul, in which office he restored public tranquillity, and then returned to his rural employments. Being called forth a second time to become dictator, he conquered the enemies of Rome, and, refusing all rewards, retired aga...
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CINCINNATUS
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CINEAS, a Thessalian, the minister and friend to Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. He was sent to Rome by his master to sue for a peace, which he, however, could not obtain. He told Pyrrhus that the Roman senate was a venerable assembly of kings; and observed, that to fight with them was to fight against another Hydra. He was o...
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CINEAS
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CINERITIOUS, an appellation given to different substances, on account of their resembling ashes either in colour or consistence; hence it is that the cortical part of the brain has sometimes got this epithet.
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CINERITIOUS
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CINISI, a town of the intendancy of Palermo, in the island of Sicily, situated in a fine plain under Mount Dell Ursa, yielding wine and excellent figs, with 3400 inhabitants.
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CINISI
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CINNAMON. The word cinnamon occurs in several passages of the English version of the Old Testament. Cinnamon was burnt on the funeral pile of Sylla and of Pop-paea. The ancients obtained their cinnamon through Arabia, to which country it was brought probably from Ceylon. In 1498, Vasco di Gama landed at Calicut, and f...
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CINNAMON
kp-eb0706-070001-6103
CINQUE Ports, five havens situated on the eastern part of England, towards France, and thus called by way of eminence, on account of their superior importance, as having been thought by our kings to merit a particular regard, for their preservation against invasion. Hence they have a particular policy, and are governed...
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CINQUE
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CINTRA, a town of Portugal, in the province of Estremadura, [7:6:701]with 1900 inhabitants, a little to the north of Lisbon. It is a most delightful spot, at the foot of a stupendous rocky mountain, and contains a palace of Gothic architecture. A monastery near it is asserted to be at the elevation of 3000 feet above t...
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CINTRA
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CINYRA, in the Jewish antiquities, a musical instrument. This, and the Hebrew cinnor, which is generally translated cithara, lyra, or psalterium, are the same. It was made of wood, and was played in the temple of Jerusalem. Josephus says that the cinyra of the temple had ten strings, and that it was touched with a bow....
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CINYRA
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CIOTAT, La, a maritime city of the department of the Mouths of the Rhone, in France. It has a harbour formed by two moles, and defended by a strong fort. It is the great shipping place for fruits, red and white wines, olives, and almonds. There are establishments for the construction of vessels, and for the tunny and S...
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43 10' 29" N 5 31' 43" E
CIOTAT
kp-eb0706-070103-6116
CIPHER, or Cypher, one of the Arabic characters or figures used in computation. Cipher is also a kind of enigmatic character composed of several letters interwoven, which are generally the initial letters of the person’s names for whom the ciphers are intended. These are frequently used on seals, coaches, and other mo...
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CIPHER
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CIPUS, in Antiquity, a low column, with an inscription, erected on the high roads or other places, to show the way to travellers, to serve as a boundary, or to mark the grave of a deceased person.
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CIPUS
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CIRCARS, Northern, an extensive province of Hindustan, lying on the western side of the Bay of Bengal. It is a narrow slip of territory, extending from 15° 2' to the 20th degree of north lat., but is little more than one degree in breadth. The sea bounds it on the east along a coast 470 miles in length, from the port o...
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CIRCARS
kp-eb0706-070301-6142
CIRCE, in fabulous history, a daughter of Sol and Perseis, celebrated for her knowledge of magic and venomous herbs. She was sister to Aetes, king of Colchis, and to Pasiphae, the wife of Minos. She married a Sarmatian prince of Colchis, whom she murdered to obtain the kingdom. She was expelled by her subjects, and car...
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CIRCE
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CIRCENSIAN Games, a general term under which was comprehended all combats exhibited in the Roman circus, in imitation of the Olympic games in Greece. Most of the feasts of the Romans were accompanied with Circensian games; and the magistrates and other officers of the republic frequently presented the people with these...
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CIRCENSIAN
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CIRCLE, in Geometry, a plane figure comprehended by a single curve line, called its circumference, to which all right lines drawn from a. point in the middle, called the centre, are equal to one another. Circles of the Sphere are such as cut the mundane sphere, and have their periphery either on its movable surface, o...
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CIRCLE
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CIRCONCELLIONES, a species of fanatics, so called because they were continually rambling round the houses in the country. They took their rise among the Donatists in the reign of the emperor Constantine. It is incredible what ravages and cruelties these vagabonds committed in Africa during a long series of years. They ...
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CIRCONCELLIONES
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CIRCUIT, in Law, signifies the journey or progress which the judges take twice every year, through the several counties of England and Wales, to hold courts and administer justice, where recourse cannot be had to the king’s court at Westminster; and hence England is divided into six circuits, viz. the home circuit, Nor...
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CIRCUIT
kp-eb0706-070403-6155
CIRCULAR, in a general sense, any thing that is described, or moved round; as the circumference of a circle, or surface of a globe. Circular Numbers, called also spherical ones, according to some,are such whose powerá terminate in the roots themselves. Thus, for instance, 5 and 6, all whose powers end in 5 and 6; as t...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
CIRCULAR