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.
Again, however, a construction of the open vacua in Segal's approach has not been published in the literature, although related constructions are given in [7, 13]: in [7], the construction of vacua is approached physically in the language of Polyakov path integrals and string determinants, [13] relates rigorously ma... | |
worldsheet with labelled boundary components, and \(\overline{X}\) is the complex-conjugate worldsheet with labels replaced by contragredient labels. We also assume that there is a condition on vacua. Next, we also require "reflection positivity", i.e. that, in the alias notation, for \(\mu\in M_{X}\),
(19) \[U_{X,\mu... | |
* [37] S.Terashima, S.K.Yang: Seiberg-Witten Geometry with Various Matter Contents, _Nucl. Phys. B_ 537 (1999) 344-360
* [38] A.Tsuchiya, K.Ueno, Y.Yamada: Conformal field theory on universal family of stable curves with gauge symmetries, _Adv. Stud. Pure Math._ 19, (1989), 459-566
* [39] V.G.Turaev: _Quantum invariant... | |
RCFT, a construction of open sector Ishibashi and Cardy vacua, by adapting the constructions of [7, 13] to the worldsheets considered in the Segal approach. In the context of general RCFT, Hilbert space convergence of these vacua follows from the convergence of the closed chiral vacua, which again in the case of the WZ... | |
In this paper, we do not discuss the group completion of the category of vector spaces, but topology does come into play when we introduce a mathematical formalism for the Kondo effect in WZW branes.
## 4. An example: Cardy branes
Cardy's theory [11] considers an RCFT, which is a conformal field theory of the form
(... | |
sectors are known in the D0-case; in the higher dimensional case, one encounters questions such as whether higher homology classes are represented by submanifolds).
To be more precise about the sense in which we are using the term D0-brane, as already hinted, a part of the statement about the WZW model being a CFT is ... | |
chiralities. Extensions of information to higher genus has also been discussed in [21, 37, 27]. Other references include [6, 26, 28] and many others. These works include discussions of boundary sectors, although we are not aware of any references discussing flows in this axiomatic setting. An important point is that al... | |
of this, we limit ourselves to an informal review. The reader may refer to [24, 23, 15] for a fully detailed discussion.
The main idea of our approach to quantum conformal field theory [24, 23] is that we noticed that conformal field theory, which one usually thinks of as a fundamental object, is actually a morphism o... | |
Now we shall have a _closed string state space_\(\mathcal{H}\) and an _open string state space_\(\mathcal{K}\in Obj(\mathcal{B}\otimes_{\mathbb{C}_{2}}\mathcal{B}^{*})_{Hilb}\). Here
\[\mathcal{B}^{*}=Hom_{\mathbb{C}_{2}}(\mathcal{B},\mathbb{C}_{2}),\]
and the fact that \(\mathcal{B}\) is finite and free implies a fu... | |
I
* [6] D.Ben-Zvi, E.Frenkel: _Vertex algebras and algebraic curves_, 2nd edition, Mathematical Surveys and Monographs 88, AMS, Providence RI, 2004
* [7] S.K.Blau, M.Clements, S.DellaPietra, S.Carlip, V.DellaPietra: The string amplitude on surfaces with boundaries and crosscaps _Nucl. Phys. B_ 301, (1988), 285-303
* [8... | |
Now the continuity condition on vacua simply states that for any convergent net \(x_{jm}\to a_{jm}\), \(x_{i}\to a_{i}\), the vacua \(U_{c_{x}}\) converge to \(U_{c_{a}}\) using, where necessary, the transformations \(\phi\) of (98) to identify target spaces.
We may now state formally the conjecture about the WZW mode... | |
closed/open CFT), we do not have a notion of holomorphy, so we must "weaken" the category \(\mathcal{G}\). For the purposes of this paper, we shall then consider just the category of real-analytic manifolds with Grothendieck topology by open covers.
Now given a site, stacks can be considered with values in any \(2\)-c... | |
# Pseudo-Hermiticity and some consequences of a generalized quantum condition
B Bagchi\({}^{a}\), C Quesne\({}^{b}\), R Roychoudhury\({}^{c}\)
\({}^{a}\) Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta,
92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
\({}^{b}\) Physique Nucleaire Theorique et Phy... | |
## Acknowledgments
Two of us, BB and RR, gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS), Belgium, and the warm hospitality at PNTPM, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, where this work was carried out. CQ is a Research Director of the National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS), Bel... | |
* [20] Mostafazadeh A 2005 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.**38** 6557
* [21] Ghosh P K 2005 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.**38** 7313
* [22] Banerjee A 2005 Mod. Phys. Lett. A **20** (in press)
* [23] Swanson M S 2004 J. Math. Phys.**45** 585
* [24] Shifman M 1989 Int. J. Mod. Phys. A **4** 2897
* [25] Bagchi B, Gorain P, Quesne C and ... | |
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are currently an active field of research [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], motivated by the necessity to understand the mathematical properties of their subclass, namely the pseudo-Hermitian or the \(PT\)-symmetric ones. Also, to investigate the existence of a suitable sim... | |
## References
* [1] Bender C M and Boettcher S 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett.**80** 5243
* [2] Delabaere E and Pham F 1998 Phys. Lett. A **250** 25, 29
* [3] Bender C M, Boettcher S and Meisinger P N 1999 J. Math. Phys.**40** 2201
* [4] Levai G and Znojil M 2000 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.**33** 7165
* [5] Bagchi B and Quesne C 200... | |
# Potential-energy (BCS) to kinetic-energy (BEC)-driven pairing in the attractive Hubbard model
B. Kyung\({}^{1}\), A. Georges\({}^{2}\), and A. -M. S. Tremblay\({}^{1}\)
\({}^{1}\)Departement de physique and Regroupement quebecois sur les materiaux de pointe, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Ca... | |
## References
* (1) T. Timusk and B. Statt, Rep. Prog. Phys. **62**, 61 (1999); M. R. Norman, D. Pines and C. Kallin, Adv. Phys. **54**, 715 (2005).
* (2) M. Greiner, C. A. Regal, and D. S. Jin, Nature **426**, 537 (2003); S. Jochim, M. Bartenstein, A. Altmeyer, G. Hendl, S. Riedl, C. Chin, J. H. Denschlag, and R. Gri... | |
ration such that neither of the interacting waves exhibit a Poynting vector walk-off. This is an important point to consider when choosing the most appropriate experimental configuration. For highly focused pump beams, where noncollinear effects are to be clearly observable, modifications of the spatial two-photon ampl... | |
# Shape of the spatial mode function of photons generated in noncollinear spontaneous parametric downconversion
Gabriel Molina-Terriza,\({}^{1}\) Stefano Minardi,\({}^{1,*}\) Yana Deyanova,\({}^{1,2}\) Clara I. Osorio,\({}^{1,2}\) Martin Hendrych,\({}^{1,2}\) and Juan P. Torres\({}^{1,2}\)
\({}^{1}\)ICFO-Institut de ... | |
while keeping fixed the position of the idler coupler. In the \(x\) transverse dimension (_vertical cut_), the spatial shape can well be described within the thin crystal approximation with a Gaussian shape with a beam width of \(w_{x}=\lambda_{s}f/(\pi w_{0})\). In Fig. 3(a), the pump-beam width, \(w_{0}=32\mu m\), yi... | |
ed by the phase matching conditions of the crystal. The important parameter that controls the degree of spatial ellipticity induced by the noncollinear geometry is the noncollinear length torres3 , which writes \(L_{nc}=w_{0}/\sin\varphi_{1}\) with \(w_{0}\) being the pump width. For small \(w_{0}\) or large noncolline... | |
n beam has been equipped with stepper motors that allow for scanning in the transverse plane. The coupler in the idler beam was used as a fixed reference. Therefore, the measurements obtained correspond to \(I\left({\bf x}_{1}^{0},{\bf x}_{2}^{0}=0\right)\). Broadband colored filters in front of the couplers are used t... | |
Romanou 2, 73100 Chania, Greece.
## References
* (1)_The Physics of Quantum Information_, edited by D. Bouwmeester, A. Ekert and A. Zeilinger, Springer, Berlin, 2000.
* (2)_Quantum Computation and Quantum Information_, M. Nielsen and I. L. Chuang, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
* (3) C. K. Law, I. A. Wa... | |
Paris, 1969), p. 109; J. Opt. Soc. Am. B **70**, 1429 (1980):
* (20) A. Joobeur, B. E. A.Saleh, T. S. Larchuk, and M. C. Teich, Phys. Rev. A **53**, 4360 (1996).
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* (22) J. P. Torres, G. Molina-Terriza and L. To... | |
Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC), namely the generation of two lower-frequency photons when a strong pump interacts with a nonlinear crystal, is a reliable source for generating pairs of photons with entangled properties. The photons generated in SPDC exhibit a rich structure, i.e., the two-photon quantum s... | |
spectrum on the spatial shape in both transverse dimensions is a clear indication of the importance of the noncollinear configuration for observing this frequency induced spatial ellipticity. Indeed, for large pump beams the state ellipticity can be reversed, so that the width in the \(x\) dimension is smaller than in ... | |
Maximal Injective Subalgebras of Tensor Products
of Free Group Factors
Junhao Shen
Department of Mathematics, University of New Hampshire, Durham NH, 03824.
email: jog2@cisunix.unh.edu
**Abstract:** In this article, we proved the following results. Let \(L(F(n_{i}))\) (\(n_{i}\geq 2\)) be the free group factor on ... | |
**REFERENCES**
1. 1.A. Connes, "Classification of Injective Factors," Ann. of Math. 104 (1976), 73-116.
2. 2.L. Ge, "On Maximal Injective Subalgebras of Factors," Advances in Mathematics 118 (1996), 34-70.
3. 3.R. Kadison, "Problems on von Neumann Algebras," Baton Rouge Conference, unpublished.
4. 4.R. Kadison, "Diago... | |
\((S_{1}H)\cap(S_{1}S)=\phi\). Similarly, we also have \((HS_{1})\cap(S_{1}S)=\phi\); \((HS_{1})\cap(SS_{1})=\phi;\) and \((S_{1}H)\cap(SS_{1})=\phi\).
As a summary, for such \(x,y,H,S_{0},S_{1},S\), we have that (i) \(S=G\setminus(S_{0}\cup H)\); (ii) \(||y-y_{S_{1}}||_{2}\leq\epsilon,\ ||y_{S_{1}}||\leq||y||;\) (iii... | |
## 4 Abelian Maximal Injective Subalgebras of Tensor Product of Free Group Factors
Let \(\{n_{i}\}_{i=1}^{m}\) be a sequence of integers where \(n_{i}\geq 2\) for all \(1\leq i\leq m\) and \(m\) is finite or infinite. Let \(F(n_{i})\) be the free group with the standard generators \(\{g_{i,j}\}_{j=1}^{n_{i}}\) for all... | |
subalgebra of \(L(F(n))\). It follows that \(\lambda(g)\) is not contained in any hyperfinite subfactor of \(L(F(n))\), which solves Kadison's problem as mentioned above. In [2], L. Ge provided more examples of maximal injective von Neumann subalgebras in type II\({}_{1}\) factors. Actually he showed that each non-atom... | |
# Pairing schemes for HFB calculations of nuclei
T. Duguet
K. Bennaceur
P. Bonche
###### Abstract
Several pairing schemes currently used to describe superfluid nuclei through Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (HFB) calculations are briefly reviewed. We put a particular emphasis on the regularization recipes used in connecti... | |
useful discussions with M. Civelli, B. Kyung, A. M. Tremblay, M. Capone, O. Parcollet and A. Tsvelik are gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks to K. Haule and M. Civelli for allowing the use of their ED and NCA programs.
## References
* (1) T. Timusk and B Statt, Rep. Prog. Phys. **62**, 61 (1999).
* (2) A. Georges... | |
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* (11) M. Suzuki, _Progress of Theor. Phys. 56_ (1976) 77 and 477, _57_ (1977) 380; _J. Stat. Phys. 16_ (1977) 11 and 477; _Supplement of Progress of Theor. Phys. 64_ (1978) 402.
* (12) The last author has not witnessed such an event. | |
## 9 CONCLUSION: BURIDAN'S ASS AND QUANTUM MEASUREMENT
As regards the use of \(\mathrm{A}=\mathrm{M}+\mathrm{B}\) as an apparatus to measure the spin \(\mathrm{S}\), two conditions should be satisfied. On the one hand, the initial metastable paramagnetic state of \(\mathrm{M}\), prepared by setting its temperature at ... | |
The result (29) encompasses the drift induced by the first term of (26) and the diffusion induced by its second term. It turns out that the cumulated effect of diffusion is equivalent to a blurring of the initial value from which \(m\) is issued in the deterministic motion (27), over a width \(\sqrt{C}\) which increase... | |
## 8 Buridan's ass effect
Many among the properties exhibited above have been encountered in different contexts long ago [10,11]. Indeed, the equation (17) which governs the dynamics of the present phase transition has a very general form, describing directed Brownian motion with an unstable fixed point. We have stres... | |
# High Resolution Rydberg Spectroscopy of ultracold Rubidium Atoms
Axel Grabowski, Rolf Heidemann, Robert Low, Jurgen Stuhler, and Tilman Pfau
5.Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
(October 12, 2023)
###### Abstract
We present experiments on two-photon excit... | |
This way, we can scan the blue laser frequency about 500 MHz with high stability and small linewidth.
For the 780 nm wavelength, an external cavity stabilized diode laser is used, locked to a rubidium cell via polarization spectroscopy. This laser has two applications. It is both used as a reference for stabilizing th... | |
fig. 4), every data point consists of such a measurement as in fig. 3. All the data of the single measurements are collected and stored. Afterwards the ion signal is integrated to get together with the calibration factor an absolute Rydberg atom number. The typical repetition rate of the experiment is 30 ms.
## III ... | |
**Acknowledgement** We acknowledge financial support by the 'A8 Quantum Information Highway' programme of the Landesstiftung Baden-Wurtemberg
## References
* (1) T.F. Gallagher 1994, _Rydberg Atoms_ (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
* (2) H. J. Metcalf, and P. van der Straten, 1999, _Laser Cooling and Trapping... | |
# Orbital selectivity of the kink in the dispersion of Sr\({}_{2}\)RuO\({}_{4}\)
H. Iwasawa
Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
Y. Aiura
y.aiura@aist.go.jp Na... | |
but in the \(\gamma\) band. Recent neutron experiments revealed another weak and broadened magnetic structure around \({\bf Q}_{ic}^{\gamma}\approx(0.2\pi,0.2\pi)\), attributed to the excitation from the \(\gamma\) band, in addition to the magnetic fluctuations at \({\bf Q}_{ic}^{\alpha\beta}\).Braden02 ; Kikugawa04 Cu... | |
X.Y. Cui, K. Shimada, H. Namatame, M. Taniguchi, and H. Bando, Phys. Rev. Lett. **93**, 117005 (2004).
* (12) Y. Maeno, H. Hashimoto, K. Yoshida, S. Nishizaki, T. Fujita, J.G. Bednorz, and F. Lichtenberg, Nature **372**, 532 (1994).
* (13) K. Ishida, H. Mukuda, Y. Kitaoka, K. Asayama, Z. Q. Mao, Y. Mori, Y. Maeno, Natu... | |
According to the optical selection rule, the cross section of the Ru \(4d_{yz}\) and \(4d_{zx}\) orbitals is enhanced for the parallel photons, compared with that of the Ru 4\(d_{xy}\) orbital. Therefore, the drastic reduction of the spectral weight for the band near the \(M\) point at the larger \(\theta_{i}\) indicat... | |
we cleaved the samples _in situ_ in ultrahigh vacuum better than \(1\times 10^{-10}\) Torr at 10 K. A surface state near the \(M\) point due to the rotation of RuO\({}_{6}\) octahedra at the surface was observed for the fresh surface,Matzdorf00 ; Shen01 but was almost eliminated by aging the sample surface _in situ_.Wa... | |
thin insulator results in a direct loss of momentum of the channel electrons. Both effects may contribute to the breakdown of "ballistic" transport widely assumed in current theoretical estimates of the MOSFET scaling limit Ball : Short channel is required for "ballistic" transport, but the increased strength of Coulom... | |
# Molecular Electronics: From Physics to Computing
Yongqiang Xue\({}^{1,*}\) and Mark A. Ratner\({}^{2}\)
\({}^{1}\)College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203, USA
\({}^{2}\)Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwester... | |
9
* (45) Muller DA, Sorsch T, Moccio S, Baumann FH, Evans-Lutterodt K, Timp G (1999) Nature 399:758-760
* (46) Trumbore FA (1960) Bell Syst Tech J 39:205
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* (48) Fahey PM, Griffin PB, Plummer JD (1989) Rev Mod Phys 61:289-384
* (49) Lundstrom M (1997)... | |
model of electron-phonon coupling in CNTFET, this result should be taken with reservation CNTPh4 . Many fundamental knowledge gaps need to be addressed before we can have a convincing picture of the performance limit of CNTFETs in comparison to that of the ultimately scaled MOSFET. The recent report on suspended carbon... | |
ior of nanostructures due to the introduction of contact, functional interface, the application of external forces and processing/environment- induced parameter variations, is a fundamental part of the bottom-up paradigm, which define properties that may ultimately be exploited for nanotechnologies and enable us to mak... | |
operating at \(T=5.87\times 10^{8}K\), or close to the temperature at which electrons and positrons can be produced thermally. Processing, storing and transmission of information requires that it be represented as the value of some physical quantitity, and physical laws control the materials and devices that are used t... | |
* (112) Cui XD, Primak A, Zarate X, Tomfohr J, Sankey OF, Moore AL, Moore TA, Gust D, Harris G, Lindsay SM (2001) Science 294:571-574
* (113) Collier CP, Matterstreig G, Wong EW, Luo Y, Beverly K, Sampaio J, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Heath JR (2000) Science 289:1172
* (114) Reed MA, Chen J, Rawlett AM, Price DW, Tour JM (... | |
three key materials limits: gate stack including both gate dielectric and gate electrode, doping in silicon, and contact formation IEEE1 .
The gate insulator in a MOSFET needs to be thin compared to the device channel length (a few percent) in order for the gate to exert dominant control over the channel potential. Bu... | |
through a large number of quantum states. For evolutions that pass through an exact cycle of N mutually orthogonal states at a constant rate, it has been shown that the transition time between the orthogonal states is \(\Delta t\geq\frac{N-1}{N}h/2E\), or the long-sequence asymptotic transition time is twice as long as... | |
ice design at the molecular scale and for re-examining the physical principles of semiconductor microelectronics from the bottom-up approach. Here carbon nanotube and semiconductor nanowire offer subtle but significant differences in their prospect for post-CMOS information processing.
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are hol... | |
FET.
The three-terminal switching devices just discussed, although ingenious and scientifically provoking, do not seem to satisfy the requirements of I/O separation, gain and fan out for digital applications and there is no known scheme for extending them to large scale integration. Several two-terminal molecular swit... | |
e structure suitable for single-electron tunneling with the ability to self-assemble from solution on prefabricated nanostructures with acceptable yield, opening a way to generically inexpensive fabrication of VLSI circuits. For logic circuits, the random background charge effects remain hard to overcome. Nevertheless,... | |
and performance of nanometer-size devices will increasingly be governed by atomic-level variations in the materials/device structures and processing/environmental conditions. The prospect of device design through the bottom-up atom-engineering route of nanotechnology has far-reaching impacts on post-CMOS information pr... | |
the nanotube channel and alters its electrical conduction. The device shows clear single-electron sensitivity and Coulomb blockade charging MolDot3 .
A closely related concept is to use redox-active molecules self-assembled on nanowire field-effect transistors for nonvolatile memory and programmable logic applications... | |
**Definition of the distance and the velocity modulus in the \(H_{4}\) space**
Let us take as a definition that in the \(H_{4}\) space in the same way as in Minkowski space, the cross-section of the two spheres (hyperboloids) with equal radii but different centers is a set whose points are spatially equidistant from t... | |
**THE NOTIONS OF DISTANCE**
**AND VELOCITY MODULUS**
**IN THE LINEAR FINSLER SPACES**
**G. I. Garas'ko**
_Electrotechnical Institute of Russia, Moscow_
_gigarasko@yandex.ru_
**D. G. Pavlov**
_Bauman State Technical University, Moscow_
_hypercomplex@mail.ru_
The formulas for the 3-dimensional distance and the v... | |
haracterize each of these 2-dimensional sets with one and the same value of distance automatically, it is sufficient to attribute certain values of distances to at least one of the points on each surface, and then extend these values over all the points of the corresponding surface. As in the pseudo-Euclidean case ment... | |
there are some special directions and 2-dimensional planes for which the properties of \(H_{4}\) coincide with the corresponding properties of the Minkowski space for the same directions and planes.
The difference between the \(H_{4}\) space and the Minkowski space is due to the anisotropy of the first one and to the ... | |
**Definitions of distance and velocity modulus in Minkowski space**
The observer in Minkowski space who attributes the equal distances (in the 3-dimensional sense) to a certain set of events can follow a simple geometric rule - intercross two spheres with the same radii (hyperboloids in Minkowski space) located in two... | |
aking the linear rule for the correlation between the distance \(l\) and the coordinate \(x_{1}\), i.e. substituting \(x_{0}=0\), \(x_{1}=l\), \(x_{2}=0\), \(x_{3}=0\) into the first equation in (11), we obtain the expression
\[l=\sqrt{T^{2}-S^{2}},\] (12)
Eq.(12) gives the relation between the distance \(l\) and the... | |
6. hyper-surface with the points equidistant from the two fixed points - set of the relatively simultaneous events in the selected inertial frame whose world line passes through the fixed points;
7. straight lines parallel to the fixed line - set of points that are motionless in the 3-dimensional space of the observer... | |
the result of using the Finsler metrics that has higher order than the quadratic one. From the physical point of view, such hyper-surface could be related to the notion of relative simultaneity. This is reasonable only in case when both the inertial frame is fixed, and the characteristic scale \(T\) (that gives the tim... | |
This group can be parameterized with the three real values, \(V_{1}\), \(V_{2}\), \(V_{3}\) that can have the meaning of the components of velocity obtained by the motionless object after the transformation ((35)
\[\exp{\varepsilon_{i}}=\frac{A_{ij}V_{j}}{\sqrt{1-V^{2}}},\] (37)
where \(i,j=0,1,2,3\) ; \(V_{0}=1\). I... | |
So, the transition to the frame moving with velocity \((V_{1},V_{2},V_{3})\) in the old coordinates can be expressed by the new ones as
\[\left(\begin{array}[]{c}x_{0}\\ x_{1}\\ x_{2}\\ x_{3}\end{array}\right)=\frac{1}{4\sqrt{1-V^{2}}}\cdot\hat{A}\cdot\left(\begin {array}[]{c}(1+V_{1}+V_{2}+V_{3})(x^{\prime}_{0}+x^{\p... | |
This space we designate as \(H_{4}\)[1]. The metrics function (1) is a particular case of the more general metrics function ([2], [3])
\[S=\xi_{1}^{(1+r_{1}+r_{2}+r_{3})/4}\xi_{2}^{(1+r_{1}-r_{2}-r_{3})/4}\xi_{3}^{( 1-r_{1}+r_{2}-r_{3})/4}\xi_{4}^{(1-r_{1}-r_{2}+r_{3})/4},\] (2)
for which all the parameters \(r_{1},\... | |
Let us now pass to the 3-dimensional velocity.
Two points (x(1)0,x(1)1, \(x_{(1)2}\), x(1)3) and (x(2)0, \(x_{(2)1}\), \(x_{(2)2}\), x(2)3) in the \(H_{4}\) space (the last point is in the cone of future of the first one) define the vector with coordinates \((x_{(2)i}-x_{(1)i})\) that can be rewritten with the help of... | |
# Effects of the CP Odd Dipole Operators on Gluino Production at Hadron Colliders
+
Footnote †: thanks: e-mail: alan_a@ibu.edu.tr
A.T. Alan
Department of Physics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14280, Bolu, Turkey
(October 12, 2023)
###### Abstract
We present the cross sections for the hadroproduction of gluinos ... | |
three gluon vertex with all momenta incoming \(C^{\mu\nu\rho}(p_{1},p_{2},q)=g^{\mu\nu}(p_{1}-p_{2})^{\rho}+g^{\nu\rho}(p_{2} -q)^{\mu}+g^{\mu\rho}(q-p_{1})^{\nu}\). \(C_{W}\) is the coefficient of the Weinberg operator and the term with this coefficient is the result of a straightforward calculation of the dimension-6... | |
contributions are almost always negligible since squarks of first and second generations must be nearly degenerate and they are heavy to satisfy the Electric Dipole Moment bounds. Therefore we will consider only the s-channel via gluon exchange for the reaction \(q\bar{q}\rightarrow\tilde{g}\tilde{g}\). In calculations... | |
from the Weinberg term, especially at high mass values. Finally gluon-gluon fusion is always the dominant process in pp collisions such that the LHC can be treated as a gluon-gluon collider, at a first approximation.
###### Acknowledgements.
I am grateful to D.A. Demir for many valuable discussions. This work was su... | |
be exchanged in Eq.(3.10) of ref Dawson:1983fw and Eq.(3.1) of ref Harrison:1982yi .
## References
* (1) H. E. Haber and G. L. Kane, Phys. Rep. **117**, 75 (1985).
* (2) H. P. Nilles, Phys. Rep. **110**, 1 (1984).
* (3) L. Girardello and M. T. Grisaru, Nucl. Phys. B **194**, 65 (1982).
* (4) W. Beenakker, R. H pker, ... | |
Introduction
Supersymmetric QCD (SUSY-QCD) is based on the colored particles of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) HG ; HP spectrum; quarks, gluons and their superpartners squarks and gluinos. Since supersymmetry is a broken one rather than an exact symmetry, the masses of the superparticles extremely ex... | |
i.e., the initial macrostate \(M_{0}\) determines the whole trajectory as well but the macrodynamics is possibly not satisfying (2.1). Loosely speaking, that can happen when almost all of a macrostate \(M_{1}\) is mapped into macrostate \(M_{2}\), and nearly all of \(M_{2}\) is mapped into \(M_{3}\), but \(fM_{1}\subse... | |
determined. In fact, condition (3.3) is consistent with a large class of stochastic macroscopic dynamics too.
A sufficient condition for (3.3) will follow in Section 3.1.3.
The case of a stochastic microscopic dynamics will be addressed in Section 4.
#### Semigroup property
If the dynamics \((U^{N}_{t})\) satisfies... | |
only appears sharply in the limit of infinite scale separation between the microscopic world and the macroscopic behavior. A specific limiting argument is therefore required to combine it with Liouville's theorem about conservation of phase space volume for finite systems.
As a final comment, there remains the questio... | |
and \(\rho(M_{n})\) or \(\log\rho(M_{n})\) is a non-decreasing sequence.
One can think of the \(M_{n}\) above as macrostates that are successively visited by the microstate in the course of time. One has in mind a partition of \(\Omega\) and a map \(M\) that sends each \(x\in\Omega\) to the member set of the partition... | |
always \(\rho-\)measure zero, both \(fP_{\phi^{n-1}i},fP_{\phi^{m-1}i}\subset P_{\phi^{m}i}=P_{\phi^{n}i}\). If now \(\phi^{n-1}i\neq\phi^{m-1}i\), we have the contradiction
\[\rho(P_{\phi^{m}i}) \geq \rho(P_{\phi^{n-1}i})+\rho(P_{\phi^{m-1}i})\] (2.3) \[\geq \rho(P_{\phi^{n-1}i})+\rho(P_{\phi^{n}i})=\rho(P_{\phi^{n-1... | |
separation between the microscopic and the macroscopic worlds: the volume in phase space that corresponds to the equilibrium values of the macroscopic quantities is so very much larger than the volume of nonequilibrium parts. A thermodynamic entropy difference \(s^{\prime}-s\) per particle of the order of Boltzmann's c... | |
the phase space with states \(x\in\Omega^{N}\) and is equipped with a probability measure \(\rho^{N}\), invariant under the dynamics \(U^{N}_{t}:\Omega^{N}\rightarrow\Omega^{N}\).
We suppose a map
\[m^{N}:\Omega^{N}\rightarrow\mathcal{F}\] (3.1)
which maps every state \(x\) into an element \(m^{N}(x)\) of a metric s... | |
#### Propagation of constrained equilibrium
The condition (3.3) of autonomy needs to be checked for all times \(t\geq s\geq 0\), starting at time zero from an initial value \(m\). Obviously, that condition is somehow related to - yet different from Boltzmann's Stosszahlansatz. The latter indeed corresponds more to the... | |
# Effects of current on vortex and transverse domain walls
J. He, Z. Li and S. Zhang
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211
(October 11, 2023)
###### Abstract
By using the spin torque model in ferromagnets, we compare the response of vortex and transverse walls to ... | |
at zero velocity and thus the pinning is more effective.
The motion of the vortex wall is far more complex than that of transverse wall, because the transformation happens when the applied current/field is high. As in the transverse domain wall, one needs a critical value of the current to maintain a finite terminal... | |
## IV Results
### Defect-free domain wall motion
A simplest case is a defect-free wire. In this case, the steady state wall velocity \(v_{x}\) can be analytically derived,
\[v_{x}=\frac{\gamma H_{e}W}{\alpha}-\frac{c_{J}}{\alpha}\] (2)
where \(H_{e}\) it the external field and \(W\) is the domain wall width defined... | |
Given the above boundary condition for the soft terms at the GUT scale, we determine the evolution of the various couplings according to their renormalization group equations. At the weak scale, we impose the electroweak symmetry breaking conditions and calculate the Higgsino mass \(\mu\) (up to a sign) and the bilinea... | |
hep-ph/0508024
October 12, 2023
**Probing Flavor Structure in Supersymmetric Theories**
Shaaban Khalil
_Department of Mathematics, Ain Shams University, Faculty of Science, Cairo, 11566, Egypt._
_Department of Mathematics, German University in Cairo, New Cairo city, El Tagamoa El Khames, Egypt._
**Abstract**
We ... | |
* [16] A. Brignole, L. E. Ibanez , and C. Munoz , Nucl. Phys. B 422 (1994) 125, Erratum-ibid. B 436 (1995) 747. L. E. Ibanez , C. Munoz , and S. Rigolin, Nucl. Phys. B 553 (1999) 43.
* [17] P. H. Chankowski, O. Lebedev and S. Pokorski, Nucl. Phys. B **717**, 190 (2005) .
* [18] K. Abe [Belle Collaboration], arXiv:hep-e... | |
## References
* [1] S. Khalil, T. Kobayashi and A. Masiero, Phys. Rev. D **60**, 075003 (1999). D. A. Demir, A. Masiero and O. Vives, Phys. Lett. B **479**, 230 (2000).
* [2] F. Gabbiani, E. Gabrielli, A. Masiero and L. Silvestrini, Nucl. Phys. B **477**, 321 (1996).
* [3] A. Dedes, Mod. Phys. Lett. A **18**, 2627 (20... | |
with universal \(A\)-terms [14]. This can be seen from the explicit dependence of \((\delta_{LR(RL)}^{d})_{23}\) on the \(LL(RR)\) mixing, which is give by
\[(\delta^{d}_{LR})_{23_{\rm{eff}}}=(\delta^{d}_{LR})_{23}+(\delta^ {d}_{LL})_{23}~{}(\delta^{d}_{LR})_{33},\] (3)
where \((\delta^{d}_{LR})_{33}\simeq\frac{m_{b}... | |
essential requirements for enhancing the chargino contributions which play a crucial role in explaining the experimental results of \(B\to K\pi\) branching ratio and CP asymmetries [10, 11]. Note that due to the \(SU(2)\) gauge invariance the soft scalar masses \(M_{Q}^{2}\) is the same for the up and down sectors. Hen... | |
the two scenarios of large \((\delta^{d}_{LR})_{23}\) and large \((\delta^{d}_{LL})_{23}\). In section 3 we present an example for non-minimal flavor SUSY models, where the scalar mass of the first two generations is different from the scalar mass of the third generation. We also show that this model can successfully p... | |
class of models, nontrivial flavor structures in the squark mass matrices are obtained, and as a result new flavor mixing and CP violation effects are expected beyond those in the Yukawa couplings. However there is an open debate about the type of the new flavor that one needs to accommodate the current \(B\) physics e... | |
region from Mihos et al. (2005).
## 4 Spectroscopic follow-up
ICPNe are the only component of the ICL whose kinematics can be measured at this time. This is important since the high-resolution N-body and hydrodynamical simulations predict that the ICL is un-relaxed, showing significant substructure in its spatial a... |
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