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24.9
the stir method taking in self as its
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sole argument here and let's just return
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a very simple string that just reveals
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what's in the vault so I'm going to
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return a formatted F string uh inside of
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which is self. gallion and then the word
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uh gallion so I know which those are uh
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then then let's do self. sickles and
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let's output the word sickles and then
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lastly let's output self. canuts and
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then canuts here so I know in this
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string just how many of each of those uh
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coins I have in this particular family's
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Vault all right let me go ahead and run
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python of vault. py changing nothing
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else except the stir method and now we
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see indeed that Harry has 100 gallions
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50 sickles and 25 canuts all right well
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let's do one thing more here below that
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let's go ahead and Define a Weasley
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variable and Ron never seemed to have
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quite as much uh money in the vault as
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did Harry so let's say that the Weasley
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Vault will have 25 50 and a 100 so I'll
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just reverse the order of those
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denominations uh rather than Harry's 100
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5025 and now let me go ahead and print
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Weasley like this and let's go ahead and
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clear my terminal window run python of
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vaulty this time that stir method will
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be invoked twice once for each of those
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Vault objects and we'll see indeed that
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the first one for Harry's got 150 and2
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respectively versus runs 25 50 and 100
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respectively but now let's do something
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interesting suppose that you wanted to
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combine the contents of two vaults be it
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Harry's and Ron's or any other two
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people how would you go about doing this
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in code well if I wanted to combine the
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vaults for someone I could do this well
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I could do gallion equals let's do
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Potter do gallion uh plus Weasley do
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gallion that gives me a variable called
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gallions that has the sum of Harry and
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Ron's gallions let's next do sickles
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equals potter. sickles plus Weasley
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Doles and then lastly let's do canuts
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equals potter. canuts plus Weasley do
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canuts I've got three variables what can
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I now do with these values well let's
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create a third a new Vault uh total will
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be the name of this variable equals a
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new Vault capital V notice and now let's
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pass in those three new variables
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gallions sickles and Kuts and that's it
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and let's print out this total Vault so
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we should now see three vaults one for
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Harry for Ron and the combination the
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addition of the two let me go ahead and
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rerun python of vaulty and there we have
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it uh what was 15025 and 2550 and 100
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combined through addition now is 125 100
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125 so pretty straightforward using
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techniques from weeks ago where we're
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just declaring a few new variables and
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doing some addition but wouldn't it be
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cool if I could do something like this
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wouldn't it be cool if I could just
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somehow not manually create my own Vault
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and do all of this annoying math up here
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what if I could just do Potter plus
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Weasley and get rid of all of this logic
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here like wouldn't it be nice if I
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overload the operator no we know as plus
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just like stir does just like list does
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to allow me to add two vaults together
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on the left and the right well it turns
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out in Python on and through operator
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overla there is a way to do just this if
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you consult the documentation there are
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there's this and so many other special
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methods that come with classes the third
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one we'll see here is this one here
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underscore uncore add underscore
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underscore and you'll see that it very
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generically is described in the
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documentation is working for any object
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be it a vault or a stir or a list or
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something else by convention it's going
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to take a first argument called self and
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then it's going to take some other
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argument by convention called Other Self
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in effect is going to be referring to
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whatever object is on the left of a plus
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sign other is going to be referring to
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whatever is on the right hand side of a
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plus sign thereby giving us a way of
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describing in code the operand on the
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left and the operand on the right of the
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