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python python allows you to pass
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functions as arguments in two other
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functions so get name is a function
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sorted is a function and I'm passing in
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get name to sort it as the value of that
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key parameter now why am I doing that
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well if you think of the get name
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function as just a bunch a block of code
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that will get the name of a student
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that's handy because that's the
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capability that sorted needs when given
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a list of students Each of which is a
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dictionary sorted needs to know how do I
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get the name of the student in order to
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do alphabetical sorting for you the
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authors of python didn't know that we
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were going to be creating students here
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in this class so they couldn't have
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anticipated writing code in advance that
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specifically sorts on a field called
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student let alone called name let alone
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house
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so what did they do they instead built
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into the sorted function this named
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parameter key that allows us all these
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years later to tell their function
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sorted how to sort this list of
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dictionaries so now watch what happens
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if I run python of students.pi and hit
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enter I now have a sorted list of output
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why because now that list of
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dictionaries has all been sorted by the
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student's name
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I can further do this if as before we
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want to reverse the whole thing by
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saying reverse equals true we can do
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that too let me rerun python of
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students.pi and hit enter now it's
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reverse now it's Ron then Hermione Harry
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and Draco but we can do something
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different as well what if I want to sort
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for instance by house name reversed I
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could do this I could change this
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function from get name to get house I
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could change the implementation up here
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to be get house and I can return not the
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student's name but the student's house
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and so now notice if I run python of
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students.pi enter notice now it is
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sorted by house in reverse order
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Slytherin is first and then Gryffindor
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if I get rid of the reverse but keep the
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get house and rerun this program now
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it's sorted by house gryffindors first
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and Slytherin is last and the upside now
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of this is because I'm using this list
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of dictionaries and keeping the students
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data together until the last minute when
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I'm finally do doing the printing I now
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have full control over the information
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itself and I can sort by this or that I
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don't have to construct construct those
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sentences in advance like I rather
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hackishly did the first time all right
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that was a lot let me pause here to see
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if there are questions
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so when when we're starting the files
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should we every time should we use the
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loops or
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like uh like a dictionary or or any kind
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of list can be sort by just sorting not
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looping or
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any kind of stuff a good question and
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the short answer with python alone
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you're the programmer you need to do the
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Sorting with libraries and other
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techniques absolutely you can do more of
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this automatically because someone else
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has written that code what we're doing
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at the moment is doing everything from
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scratch ourselves but absolutely with
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other functions or libraries some of
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this could be made uh more uh easily
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done some of this could be made easier
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other questions
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on this technique here it's equal to the
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returned value of the function can it be
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equal to uh just uh a variable or a
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value it well yes it should equal a
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value so I'm speci and I should clarify
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actually since this was not obvious
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so when you pass in a function like get
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name or get house to the sorted function
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as the value of key that function is
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automatically called by the get by the
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sorted function for you on each of the
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dictionaries in the list and it uses the
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return value of get name or get house to
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decide what strings to actually use to
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compare in order to decide which is
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