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something that's python specific more
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generally an api is an application
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programming interface and it can refer
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to python files and functions but often
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apis really refer to third-party
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services that you and i can write code
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that talk to
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many apis but not all live on the
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internet these days so that so long as
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you have a browser or so long as you
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have some experience with python
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programming or programming in any
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language you can write code that in
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effect pretends to be a browser connects
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to that third-party api on a server and
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downloads some data that you can then
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incorporate into your own program now
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how do you do this well python has a
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very popular package that you can
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install via pip called requests the
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requests library allows you to make web
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requests internet requests using python
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code essentially as though you were a
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browser yourself you can automate there
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for the retrieval of urls that start
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with http or https the documentation for
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this library is a url like this but it
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too can be installed at the command line
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and even though it's third party it's
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one of the most popular and commonly
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used packages out there in python and
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this too is one of the reasons again
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that python is so popular there's just
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so many solutions to problems that you
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and i have or are invariably going to
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have when we write projects of our own
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there's just a really vibrant ecosystem
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a really vibrant community of open
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source software that's that easy for us
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to install let me go back to my terminal
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window now and run pip install requests
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in order to install this package on my
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own system and after some lines of
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output i'll see that it's successfully
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installed now let's go ahead and create
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a new file here for instance
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itunes.pi
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it turns out that apple has its own api
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for their itunes service the software
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that provides you with the ability to
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download and search for music and songs
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and other information as well and it
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turns out that let me go back over to my
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computer here and open up a browser like
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chrome and let me go ahead and visit
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this url here https colon slash
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itunes.apple.com
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search
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question mark entity equals song
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ampersand limit equals one ampersand
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term equals weezer now i constructed
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this url manually by reading the
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documentation for apple's api
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application programming interface for
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itunes and what they told me is that if
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i want to search for information about
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songs in their database i should specify
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entity equal song so that it's songs and
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not albums or artists or something like
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that if i just want to get back
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information on one song i'm going to
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provide limit equals one and if the band
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i want to search for the artist is
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weezer i should specify term equals
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weezer so with this if i go ahead and
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hit enter and visit this url i actually
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end up with a text file in my downloads
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folder on my mac if i go ahead and open
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that text file that my browser just
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downloaded will see all of this text
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here which at first glance might look a
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bit cryptic but it actually follows a
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pattern notice this curly brace at the
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start and notice this closed curly brace
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at the end notice this open square
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bracket here and notice this close
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square bracket here and in between those
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pieces of syntax are a whole bunch of
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strings and values in fact a whole bunch
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of key value pairs what we're looking at
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here is a standard text format known as
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json javascript object notation which
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yes is technically related to yet
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another programming language called
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javascript but json itself is typically
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used nowadays as a language agnostic
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format for exchanging data between
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computers by language agnostic i mean
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you don't have to use javascript you can
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use python or any other language to read
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