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I met a traveller from an antique land Who said—"Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Stand in the desert . . .Near them, on the sand, Half sunk a shatter'd visage lies, whose frown, And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command, Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless...
The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed;
And on the pedestal these words appear: My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!
“Mock” has a double meaning here: to create an imitation, but also to parody or critique, as the artist has done with Ozymandias. “The heart that fed [them]” refers to Ozymandias: the tyrant’s heart produced that “frown” and “sneer of cold command,” captured (“mocked”) by the anonymous sculptor. Notice also that ‘the...
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Ozymandias
Pretty women wonder where my secret lies I'm not cute or built to suit a fashion model's size But when I start to tell them They think I'm telling lies
I say
It's in the reach of my arms The span of my hips The stride of my step
This “I say” is repeated in every stanza of the poem, emphasizing the speaker’s voice and her outspoken attitude. She is confident and not afraid to share her opinion aloud, even when it goes against societal standards. She clearly does not follow to the misogynist expectation that women should be seen–and look a c...
Maya Angelou
Phenomenal Woman
Not every man knows what he shall sing at the end, Watching the pier as the ship sails away, or what it will seem like When he's held by the sea's roar, motionless, there at the end, Or what he shall hope for once it is clear that he'll never go back. When the time has passed to prune the rose or caress the cat,
When the sunset torching the lawn and the full moon icing it down No longer appear, not every man knows what he'll discover instead.
When the weight of the past leans against nothing, and the sky Is no more than remembered light, and the stories of cirrus And cumulus come to a close, and all the birds are suspended in flight,
The sun setting and the moon rising are something that every human gets used to. It’s one of life’s regularities, but what happens when the very thing we have accepted (maybe more than anything else) disobeys our self appointed natural law? And what replaces it?
Mark Strand
The End
They said, “There might be a man or a nervous child seeing this small piece of flesh that they weren't quite expecting.” So I whispered and tip-toed with nervous discretion But after six months of her life sat sitting on lids, sipping on milk, nostrils sniffing on piss Trying not to bang her head on toilet roll dispens...
Feeling nervous and awkward and wanting everything right
Surrounded by family ‘til I stepped out the house It took me eight weeks to get the confidence to go into town Now, the comments around me cut like a knife
Many mothers are a bit anxious during the first few months after delivery. It is not unusal for most women to have breastfeeding difficulties. Here are some common problems and methods for dealing with them.
Hollie McNish
Embarrassed
Too dead now to pity. To remember its life, din, stronghold Of earthly pleasure as it had been, Seemed a false effort, and off the point. Too deadly factual. Its weight Oppressed me—how could it be moved? And the trouble of cutting it up! The gash in its throat was shocking, but not pathetic. Once I ran at a fair in th...
Pigs must have hot blood, they feel like ovens.
Their bite is worse than a horse's— They chop a half-moon clean out. They eat cinders, dead cats.
Hughes is able to attribute some life to the pig, but “they feel like ovens” is inamimate. It is notable that the previous metaphor and this simile both describe the pig in terms of metal.
Ted Hughes
View of a Pig
My prime of youth is but a frost of cares, My feast of joy is but a dish of pain, My crop of corn is but a field of tares,
And all my good is but vain hope of gain.
The day is gone and I yet I saw no sun, And now I live, and now my life is done. The spring is past, and yet it hath not sprung,
In sixteenth century English this means that the ‘good’ done by the speaker in his life is ‘in vain’; in effect he has failed, his efforts pointless.
Chidiock Tichborne
Tichbornes Elegy
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Everyone suddenly burst out singing;
And I was filled with such delight As prisoned birds must find in freedom, Winging wildly across the white
Sassoon wrote that this poem, rather like its opening line, burst onto the page in a strange fugue of inspiration. In his own words , from his memoir Siegfried’s Journey : One evening in the middle of April I had an experience which seems worth describing for those who are interested in methods of poetic producti...
Siegfried Sassoon
Everyone Sang
Law 30. Make Your Accomplishments Seem Effortless Law 31. Control The Options: Get Others To Play With The Cards You Deal Law 32. Play To People's Fantasies Law 33. Discover Each Man's Thumbscrew Law 34. Be Royal In Your Own Fashion: Act Like A King To Be Treated like One Law 35. Master The Art Of Timing Law 36. Disda...
Law 42. Strike The Shepherd And The Sheep Will Scatter
Law 43. Work On The Hearts And Minds Of Others Law 44. Disarm And Infuriate With The Mirror Effect Law 45. Preach The Need For Change, But Never Reform Too Much At Once
“Trouble can often be traced to a single strong individual – the stirrer, the arrogant underling, the poisoned of goodwill. If you allow such people room to operate, others will succumb to their influence. Do not wait for the troubles they cause to multiply, do not try to negotiate with them– they are irredeemable. Neu...
Robert Greene
48 Laws of Power
TELL me not, Sweet, I am unkind, That from the nunnery Of thy chaste breast and quiet mind To war and arms I fly. True, a new mistress now I chase, The first foe in the field; And with a stronger faith embrace A sword, a horse, a shield.
Yet this inconstancy is such As thou too shalt adore;
I could not love thee, Dear, so much, Loved I not Honour more.
Inconstancy means unfaithfulness or inattention. But this kind of unfaithfulness is considered something she too will appreciate along with him.
Richard Lovelace
To Lucasta Going to the Wars
The sea so deep and blind The sun, the wild regret The club, the wheel, the mind O love, aren't you tired yet?
The blood, the soil, the faith
These words you can't forget Your vow, your holy place O love, aren't you tired yet?
Blood and Soil is Nazi ideology based on the relationship between race and country. Many times in his career , Cohen sung against Nazism. Here, the image comes as one of those unforgettable painful moments in the history of mankind, wounding God’s own soul.
Leonard Cohen
The Faith
Has bathed thee in his own bright hue, And streaked with jet thy glowing lip. Yet slight thy form, and low thy seat, And earthward bent thy gentle eye, Unapt the passing view to meet When loftier flowers are flaunting nigh. Oft, in the sunless April day, Thy early smile has stayed my walk; But midst the gorgeous blo...
I copied them—but I regret That I should ape the ways of pride.
And when again the genial hour Awakes the painted tribes of light, I'll not o'erlook the modest flower
Bryant admits that he copied his more successful friends at one point in his life. He regrets that choice of not being original. His transcendentalist roots are reflected here. He admits that he should have relied more on himself and had more pride in his own thoughts and visions. He speaks of this mistake as a less...
William Cullen Bryant
The Yellow Violet
Winter Afternoons – That oppresses, like the Heft Of Cathedral Tunes – Heavenly Hurt, it gives us – We can find no scar But internal difference Where the Meanings, are – None may teach it – Any – 'Tis the Seal Despair – An imperial affliction Sent us of the Air – When it comes, the Landscape listens –
Shadows – hold their breath –
When it goes, 'tis like the Distance On the look of Death –
The single noun “Shadows” is for the reader to interpret. It could imply death, sin, mystery. That they “hold their breath” echoes the “Heavenly Hurt” in stanza two, with its sighing aspirate “H"s. Why they do so is also open to interpretation — perhaps the pain is too deep to bear.
Emily Dickinson
Theres a certain Slant of light
Split the Lark—and you'll find the Music—
Bulb after Bulb, in Silver rolled—
Scantily dealt to the Summer Morning Saved for your Ear, when Lutes be old — Loose the Flood—you shall find it patent—
Bulb is a generic term in anatomy for various small, bulb-shaped structures or protuberances found in the body (eg the olfactory bulb, bulb of urethra). But bulbs could also refer here to musical annotation, the bulbous shapes of notes on a musical score.
Emily Dickinson
Split the Lark—and youll find the Music 861
Feeling their notches. For decent church-going women, With their mean, pinched, bitter, Evil faces. Thanks for "Kill a Queer for Christ" stickers. Thanks for laboratory AIDS. Thanks for Prohibition and the War against drugs. Thanks for a country where Nobody's allowed to mind their own business.
Thanks for a nation of finks.
Yes, thanks for all the Memories-- all right let's see Your arms!
Here Burroughs could mean one of two things, since fink has multiple meanings (although please note both of these meanings are sarcastic). “Thanks for a nation of complete douchebags” OR “Thanks for a nation of snitches” As Burroughs was an avid recreational drug user well into his 80s, he may be leaning toward...
William S. Burroughs
A Thanksgiving Prayer
Huddled pavements, dark, the lonely wail of a police-siren moving stealthily across grey alleys of anonymity asking for food either as plasma in hospital jars, escaping fires in tenements grown cold and bitter, or seeking food in community garbage cans to escape its eternal nightmare.
Harlem, the dark dirge of America
heard at evening mean alleyways of poverty, dispossession, early death
Awoonor here compares the poverty and suffering of Harlem to a “dirge” or funeral song. For the poet, Harlem represents the death of the nation, or more specifically the false promise of equality in American ideology. Though African, Awoonor’s poem here shares much with African-American poetry, especially of the firs...
Kofi Awoonor
Harlem on a Winter Night
A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. The waves beside ...
In such a jocund company:
I gazed--and gazed--but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought: For oft, when on my couch I lie
The poet might be trying to establish how lonely he is here. “In such a jocund company” – this refers to how the daffodils are enough companionship for him. Note that ‘jocund’ means ‘amusing’ or ‘joking’. Truly a man who is alone will feel that flowers are “jocund” company.
William Wordsworth
Daffodils
There came a Wind like a Bugle - It quivered through the Grass And a Green Chill upon the Heat So ominous did pass We barred the Windows and the Doors As from an Emerald Ghost - The Doom's electric Moccasin The very instant passed - On a strange Mob of panting Trees
And Fences fled away
And Rivers where the Houses ran Those looked that lived - that Day - The Bell within the steeple wild
Dickinson personifies the fences when she writes that they “fled away”. This makes it seem as if the fences made the conscious decision to flee, when, once again, she may be describing what the wind did to the fences caught in the storm.
Emily Dickinson
There came a Wind like a Bugle
My hope was written on sand, O my God, O my God; Now let Thy judgment stand,-- Yea, judge me now. This contemned of a man, This marred one heedless day, This heart take Thou to scan Both within and without: Refine with fire its gold, Purge Thou its dross away,-- Yea, hold it in Thy hold, Whence none can pluck it ...
I take my heart in my hand,--
I shall not die, but live,-- Before Thy face I stand; I, for Thou callest such:
The speaker once more reprises the opening line and takes her heart in her hand. But she is confident, because her heart is protected by God.
Christina Rossetti
Twice
They don't frighten me at all Dragons breathing flame On my counterpane That doesn't frighten me at all. I go boo Make them shoo I make fun Way they run I won't cry So they fly I just smile They go wild
Life doesn't frighten me at all.
Tough guys fight All alone at night Life doesn't frighten me at all.
Angelou means that what ever life has to offer, she is not afraid. She is not afraid of anything that comes with the concept of life.
Maya Angelou
Life Doesnt Frighten Me
null
A bunch of lonesome and very quarrelsome heroes
Were smoking out along the open road; The night was very dark and thick between them Each man beneath his ordinary load
Cohen starts the song with a kind of oxymoron by pairing the positive word ‘'heroes’‘ with words that contradict heroism: The ’‘heroes’‘ are a ’‘bunch’‘ (which especially contradicts military order), they are ’‘lonesome’‘ (so admiration is lacking or not having any effect) and they are ’‘very quarrelsome’‘ (a quality y...
Leonard Cohen
A Bunch of Lonesome Heroes
null
Acacia, burnt myrrh, velvet, pricky stings
—I'm not so young but not so very old Said screwed-up lovely 23 A final sense of being right out in the cold
The subtitle of this song comes from an 1867 letter from Algernon Charles Swinburne , on the subject of de Sade’s Justine . Apparently the phrase delighted Berryman. Swinburne, a committed masochist in his sexual life, had a real respect for the original Sadist. This first line refer to some of the S&Mer’s more...
John Berryman
Dream Song 3 A Stimulant for an Old Beast
There are a lot of comments about who's blacker than you are, and who's blacker than she is, blacker than thou In other words, it's a sort of trend And, in looking on various street corners in Harlem, I'm sure you seen it yourself Standing on a soapbox on the corner, is an alleged brother
Dressed in blue and black dashikis or green, red and black dashikis
And spouting the news that the revolution is coming and you'd better get ready Sorta-like the end of the world is coming I saw recent commercials that said:
Traditional West African clothing. They had a resurgence in the United States during the civil rights movement of the 60s.
Gil Scott-Heron
Brother
III
Spring is like a perhaps hand
(which comes carefully Out of Nowhere)arranging A window,into which people look(while
Like a hand, spring can slowly, gently, gradually, or tentatively (“perhaps”) move things around or rearrange things in a landscape.
E. E. Cummings
Spring is like a perhaps hand
Sonnet LXXV from Amoretti One day I wrote her name upon the strand, But came the waves and washed it away: Again I wrote it with a second hand, But came the tide and made my pains his prey. Vain man (said she) that dost in vain assay A mortal thing so to immortalize; For I myself shall like to this decay, And eke my na...
Not so, quoth I; let baser things devise To die in dust, but you shall live by fame; My verse your virtues rare shall eternize, And in the heavens write your glorious name: Where, when as Death shall all the world subdue, Our love shall live, and later life renew.
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Spenser argues that while they both will die some day, their lives will live on through his writing. Poetry will forever exceed human life. Here we are, 500 years later, still studying his work. Their love can never be erased; so long as his poetry is still read all over the world, the moments he has elucidated in his ...
Edmund Spenser
One Day I Wrote Her Name upon the Strand
A scent of ripeness from over a wall. And come to leave the routine road And look for what had made me stall, There sure enough was an apple tree That had eased itself of its summer load, And of all but its trivial foliage free, Now breathed as light as a lady's fan. For there there had been an apple fall As complete a...
May something go always unharvested!
May much stay out of our stated plan, Apples or something forgotten and left, So smelling their sweetness would be no theft.
A new take on the old law: Leviticus 23:22 : And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field when thou reapest, neither shalt thou gather any gleaning of thy harvest: thou shalt leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God.
Robert Frost
Unharvested
Two boys uncoached are tossing a poem together, Overhand, underhand, backhand, sleight of hand, everyhand, Teasing with attitudes, latitudes, interludes, altitudes, High, make him fly off the ground for it, low, make him stoop, Make him scoop it up, make him as-almost-as possible miss it, Fast, let him sting from it, n...
Over his head, make him scramble to pick up the meaning,
And now, like a posy, a pretty one plump in his hands.
The placement of this line connects to many other poems where authors typically place the meaning of poems toward the end of the text. The analogy to throwing/catching a ball also comes into play. Just as a player scrambles to pick up the ball, a reader will scramble to find the meaning of a text to feel a sense of acc...
Robert Francis
Catch
To Ridgely Torrence On Last Looking into His 'Hesperides' I often see flowers from a passing car That are gone before I can tell what they are. I want to get out of the train and go back To see what they were beside the track. I name all the flowers I am sure they weren't; Not fireweed loving where woods have burnt-- N...
Heaven gives it glimpses only to those Not in position to look too close.
null
In other words, heaven is just as elusive to his perceptions, as much as the flowers passing him on the train. Passing glimpses are all that the world gives us.
Robert Frost
A Passing Glimpse
To Ridgely Torrence On Last Looking into His 'Hesperides' I often see flowers from a passing car That are gone before I can tell what they are.
I want to get out of the train and go back To see what they were beside the track.
I name all the flowers I am sure they weren't; Not fireweed loving where woods have burnt-- Not bluebells gracing a tunnel mouth--
He wants to get out and observe the flowers more carefully. Since the train is moving, getting out would be extremely risky; this notion of jumping off leads to the final lines, in which he talks about Heaven (death). There’s also a continuation the funeral metaphor: the train is leading to his final destination.
Robert Frost
A Passing Glimpse
null
I am not a painter, I am a poet.
Why? I think I would rather be a painter, but I am not. Well, for instance, Mike Goldberg
The occupations of “painter” and “poet” are inherently linked in their place in haute couture and thus their desire to depict true art. O'Hara, additionally, links the two terms in a parallel structure and reinforces the doubling by highlighting their alliterative qualities.
Frank O'Hara
Why I Am Not a Painter
Of boy scouts from Nagoya? The snow That came when we wanted it to snow? Beautiful images? Trying to avoid Ideas, as in this poem? But we Go back to them as to a wife, leaving The mistress we desire? Now they Will have to believe it As we believed it. In school All the thought got combed out: What was left was like a f...
It might give us--what?--some flowers soon?
null
According to Ashbery, this line was actually a “found” line, in a sense – he overheard it, and not in the context of poetry (source: The Last Avant Garde, David Lehman). But in this context, it is a riff on the practical usefulness of poetry (see the title: “What is Poetry?”). What does it actually give us?
John Ashbery
What is Poetry?
I've lost my wife and children But I have many friends And some of them are with me An old woman gave us shelter Kept us hidden in the garret Then the soldiers came; She died without a whisper There were three of us this morning I'm the only one this evening But I must go on; The frontiers are my prison Oh, the wind, t...
Through the graves the wind is blowing
Freedom soon will come; Then we'll come from the shadows Les Allemands étaient chez moi
Graves in the blowing wind are an image interestingly used in the German translation of Pete Seeger’s 1955 song “Where Have All the Flowers Gone?' by Max Colpet: Sag wo die Soldaten sind, über Gräbern weht der Wind (Tell me where the soldiers are. Over graves the wind is blowing)
Leonard Cohen
The Partisan
And stamp and cry As the holly the holly Hots its reds. Electric blanket to comfort your bedtime The rover no longer feels its stones. Your windows are steamed by dumpling laughter The snowplough's buried on the drifted moor. Carols shake your television And nothing moved on the road but the wind Hither and thither The...
Redwings from Norway rattle at the clouds But comfortless sneezers puddle in pubs. The robin looks in at the kitchen window
But all care huddles to hearths and kettles. The sun lobs one wet snowball feebly Grim and blue
Hughes chooses two beautiful birds to symbolize the majesty of the world, and annotating with pictures is kind of a cheat, but anyway: Robins are oft-depicted, especially on whack Christmas cards, but all-too-rarely engaged with.
Ted Hughes
Christmas Card
Its diamonds. Having divined how drab a prison The purest mortal tissue is, Rarely it wakes. Unless, coaxed out by lusters Extraordinary, like the octopus From the gloom of its tank half-swimming half-drifting Toward anything fair, a handkerchief Or child's face dreaming near the glass, the writher Advances in a godlik...
Build in his skull their loud entrancement,
Volutions of a Hindu dance. His hands move clumsily in the first conventional Gestures of assent.
The repetitive, rhythmic sounds serve to entrance the dreamer, allowing the apparition to flow into his skull and build its presence in his mind.
James Merrill
The Octopus
Both waking and both dreaming; such a doubt Confounds and clouds our moral life about. But whether wake or dreaming, this I know, How dreamwise human glories come and go; Whose momentary tenure not to break, Walking as one who knows he soon may wake, So fairly carry the full cup, so well Disordered insolence and passio...
When dreaming, with the night, shall pass away.
null
I feel here the author was trying to express that maybe Life itself is the dream, and when awaken your dream “shall pass away”, along with all the other ideas or desires you had. Or maybe it’s just stating that your dreams can be about anything, but when you wake up, your back to reality and the harsh realities of life...
Edward FitzGerald
The Dream Called Life
To Ridgely Torrence On Last Looking into His 'Hesperides'
I often see flowers from a passing car That are gone before I can tell what they are.
I want to get out of the train and go back To see what they were beside the track. I name all the flowers I am sure they weren't;
“Car” refers not an automobile, but to a train car. The narrator is riding a train. The laws of physics provide this simple scene. He watches flowers along the track. Since the train is moving so fast, they pass by quickly. Metaphorically, the “car” could represent a coffin. During a funeral, flowers are often pres...
Robert Frost
A Passing Glimpse
We've fought with many men acrost the seas, An' some of 'em was brave an' some was not: The Paythan an' the Zulu an' Burmese; But the Fuzzy was the finest o' the lot.
We never got a ha'porth's change of 'im:
'E squatted in the scrub an' 'ocked our 'orses, 'E cut our sentries up at Suakim, An' 'e played the cat an' banjo with our forces.
“ha'porth” is a dialectical abbreviation for “halfpenny’s-worth”. The British soldiers never got a “half-penny’s worth of change” of the Fuzzy-Wuzzies–the Brits never caught them at a disadvantage, or found them making a blunder.
Rudyard Kipling
Fuzzy-Wuzzy
null
A hippo sandwich is easy to make. All you do is simply take One slice of bread, One slice of cake, Some mayonnaise, One onion ring, One hippopotamus, One piece of string,
A dash of pepper-- That ought to do it. And now comes the problem...
rhyme scheme: A A B A C D E F E
Shel Silverstein
Recipe For A Hippopotamus Sandwich
Mark how yond eddy steals away From the rude stream into the bay; There, lock'd up safe, she doth divorce Her waters from the channel's course,
And scorns the torrent that did bring
Her headlong from her native spring. Now doth she with her new love play, Whilst he runs murmuring away.
The eddy has a clear personality. She ‘steals’ away and ‘scorns’ the stream; suggesting a woman who is trapped and wants to escape. The stream itself also has a personality. The archaic word ‘rude’ suggests it lacks consideration or subtlety. The conflict is already established.
Thomas Carew
To My Mistress Sitting by a Rivers Side: An Eddy
Christ is a Nigger, Beaten and black-- O, bare your back. Mary is His Mother Mammy of the South, Silence your Mouth. God's His Father-- White Master above Grant us your love. Most holy bastard Of the bleeding mouth:
Nigger Christ On the cross of the South.
null
The South has metaphorically crucified African-Americans over and over again, and the historical practice of lynching in many cases approximated a literal crucifixion. Also intended, no doubt, is a reference to the Ku Klux Klan and their notorious symbolic practice of burning crosses.
Langston Hughes
Christ in Alabama
Every night before I go to sleep Find a ticket, win a lottery Scoop the pearls up from the sea
Cash them in and buy you all the things you need
Every night before I rest my head See those dollar bills go swirling 'round my bed I know they're stolen, but I don't feel bad
Smith rings changes on Matthew 13:45: “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls. When he found one very precious pearl, he went away and sold all he had and bought it.” In the biblical Parable of the the Pearl, though, the pearl symbolizes the priceless luxury of heaven that the mercha...
Patti Smith
Free Money
Pretty women wonder where my secret lies I'm not cute or built to suit a fashion model's size But when I start to tell them They think I'm telling lies
I say
It's in the reach of my arms The span of my hips The stride of my step
This “I say” is repeated in every stanza of the poem, emphasizing the speaker’s voice and her outspoken attitude. She is confident and not afraid to share her opinion aloud, even when it goes against societal standards. She clearly does not follow to the misogynist expectation that women should be seen–and look a c...
Maya Angelou
Phenomenal Woman
The wordy shapes of women, and the rows Of the star-gestured children in the park. Some let me make you of the vowelled beeches, Some of the oaken voices, from the roots Of many a thorny shire tell you notes, Some let me make you of the water's speeches. Behind a pot of ferns the wagging clock Tells me the hour's word,...
Breaks with the wormy winter through the eye.
Some let me tell you of the raven's sins. Especially when the October wind (Some let me make you of autumnal spells,
The chief difficulty here is: what eye? Whose eye? The answer may well be in the next line: the ravens we saw perched on the ‘winter sticks’ are probably there because some ready carrion feast on the ground awaits them. The grass will grow quite literally through the hollowed eye-sockets of the corpse. A passage ra...
Dylan Thomas
Especially when the October wind
I've stayed in the front yard all my life. I want a peek at the back Where it's rough and untended and hungry weed grows. A girl gets sick of a rose. I want to go in the back yard now And maybe down the alley, To where the charity children play.
I want a good time today.
They do some wonderful things. They have some wonderful fun. My mother sneers, but I say it's fine
This is her foray into “slumming it.”
Gwendolyn Brooks
A Song in the Front Yard
null
In Memory of Colum McCartney
All round this little island, on the strand Far down below there, where the breakers strive Grow the tall rushes from the oozy sand.
Colum McCartney, Seamus Heaney’s cousin, was murdered in 1975 during a squirmish between Protestants and Catholics. His involvement occured by accident, an innocent man stopped at a fake road-block.
Seamus Heaney
The Strand at Lough Beg
Return their thankfulness. For Mercy, Pity, Peace, and Love, Is God our Father dear; And Mercy, Pity, Peace, and Love, Is man, his child and care. For Mercy has a human heart Pity, a human face; And Love, the human form divine; And Peace, the human dress. Then every man, of every clime, That prays in his distress, Pray...
Love, Mercy, Pity, Peace.
And all must love the human form, In heathen, Turk, or Jew. Where Mercy, Love, and Pity dwell,
This is repeated; another example of anaphora. The order in which they are stated has been altered to fit the rhyme, but maybe also to imply that they are interchangeable, one quality deriving from another.
William Blake
The Divine Image Songs of Innocence
Of winds, and foaming torrents blended. And now, with lofty tones inviting, Thy NYMPH, her dulcimer swift smiting, Shall wake me in ecstatic measures! Far, far remov'd from mortal pleasures! In cadence rich, in cadence strong, Proving the wondrous witcheries of song! I hear her voice! thy sunny dome, Thy caves of ice, ...
Of Minstrelsy, SUBLIMELY WILD!
Of thee, whose soul can feel the tone Which gives to airy dreams a magic ALL THY OWN!
Sublime is a great word to describe Coleridge and Robinson. They both use exaggeration and hyperbole in their poems. They both write using overwhelming emotion. Some sources say that this emotion is directly linking to both of their emotional and dramatic lifestyles that each of them live. For example, Robinson is an a...
Mary Robinson
To the Poet Coleridge
null
To fling my arms wide
In some place of the sun, To whirl and to dance Till the white day is done.
The repetition follows in the tradition of blues music, a huge influence on Hughes' poetry.
Langston Hughes
Dream Variations
I warily oped her lids: again Laughed the blue eyes without a stain. And I untightened next the tress About her neck; her cheek once more Blushed bright beneath my burning kiss: I propped her head up as before Only, this time my shoulder bore Her head, which droops upon it still: The smiling rosy little head, So glad i...
Porphyria's love: she guessed not how
Her darling one wish would be heard. And thus we sit together now, And all night long we have not stirred,
This reinforces the madness of the narrator. He seems proud of what he has done, that he gave Porphyria her wish in a surprising way, even though she is not alive to enjoy it.
Robert Browning
Porphyria’s Lover
By the westway Inside the scrubs How long must we wait? For they're killing us? Killing us [Chorus] Oh They are the loneliest They are the loneliest They are the loneliest They are the loneliest Still
Through my cell window
Hear the loft boys sing Come on you R's Carried on the wind
Doherty spent time behind bars at HMP Wormwood Scrubs in 2008
Pete Doherty
Broken Love Song - 447705
A prentice whilom dwelt in our city, And of a craft of victuallers was he: Galliard he was, as goldfinch in the shaw, Brown as a berry, a proper short fellaw:
With lockes black, combed full fetisly.
And dance he could so well and jollily, That he was called Perkin Revellour. He was as full of love and paramour,
With black locks (of hair) combed elegantly and ornately
Geoffrey Chaucer
The Canterbury Tales The Cooks Tale
In my secret life In my secret life In my secret life I saw you this morning You were moving so fast Can't seem to loosen my grip Well on the past And I miss you so much There's no one in sight And we're still making love In my secret life In my secret life
I smile when I'm angry
I cheat and I lie I do what I have to do To get by
The juxtaposition between interior landscape and exterior actions is underscored in this line: what is on the surface does not reflect what’s going on inside.
Leonard Cohen
In My Secret Life
Looking up at the stars, I know quite well That, for all they care, I can go to hell, But on earth indifference is the least We have to dread from man or beast. How should we like it were stars to burn With a passion for us we could not return? If equal affection cannot be, Let the more loving one be me. Admirer as I t...
Were all stars to disappear or die, I should learn to look at an empty sky And feel its total dark sublime,
Though this might take me a little time.
Auden concludes his star/love extended metaphor with one final (and a little desperate-seeming) rationalization. His unrequited love isn’t important to him. If this indifferent object of his adoration disappeared, he would learn to embrace his absence. Auden was 53 when he wrote this poem, though it carries the ang...
W. H. Auden
The More Loving One
Motion and Means, on land and sea at war With old poetic feeling, not for this, Shall ye, by Poets even, be judged amiss! Nor shall your presence, howsoe'er it mar The loveliness of nature, prove a bar To the Mind's gaining that prophetic sense Of future change, that point of vision, whence May be discovered what in so...
Accepts from your bold hands the proffered crown Of hope, and smiles on you with cheer sublime.
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No matter how much mankind is able to progress during its lifetime, Time itself will always win when matched against a human life. During their short period on Earth, humans dominate their realm and are able to produce wonderful creations. Unfortunately, as time passes, man and his creations will eventually wear away. ...
William Wordsworth
Steamboats Viaducts and Railways
Itself - an asterisk on the map. This hyphenated line, a burst of rapid fire ... I was trying to complete a sentence in my head, but it kept stuttering All the alleyways and side streets blocked with stops and colons. I know this labyrinth so well - Balaklava, Raglan, Inkerman, Odessa Street - Why can't I escape? Every...
My name? Where am I coming from? Where am I going?
A fusillade of question-marks.
Carson’s rhetorical questions are enormously significant; a dramatic climax and the nub of the poem, which is about seeking the meaning of a terrible civil struggle. The fundamental basis of the conflict was and still is ‘identity’; the essential ‘being’ of those involved. Being Catholic or Protestant remains deep ...
Ciaran Carson
Belfast Confetti
To the wild woods and the plains, And the pools where winter rains . Image all their roof of leaves, Where the pine its garland weaves Of sapless green and ivy dun Round stems that never kiss the sun; Where the lawns and pastures be, And the sandhills of the sea;— Where the melting hoar-frost wets The daisy-star that n...
Crown the pale year weak and new;
When the night is left behind In the deep east, dun and blind, And the blue noon is over us,
The frailty of the ‘pale year’ may be significant in that their love is tenuous, illicit. They can only enjoy temporarily this ‘new year’ that Jane brings.
Percy Bysshe Shelley
To Jane: The Invitation
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Nothing nastier than a white person!
She mutters as she irons alterations in the backroom of Charlotte's Dress Shoppe. The steam rising from a cranberry wool
The introductory line, in italics and therefore the words of the speaker, convey the main theme; racism. It is declarative and assertive and needs no explanation. The reader may assume that the speaker is black and bluntly spoken.
Rita Dove
The Great Palaces of Versailles
[Published by Mrs. Shelley, "Posthumous Poems", 1824.] 1. The warm sun is failing, the bleak wind is wailing, The bare boughs are sighing, the pale flowers are dying, And the Year On the earth her death-bed, in a shroud of leaves dead, Is lying. Come, Months, come away, From November to May, In your saddest array; Foll...
And like dim shadows watch by her sepulchre.
2. The chill rain is falling, the nipped worm is crawling, The rivers are swelling, the thunder is knelling
Another long, slow line, suggesting that the months are like shadows of friends and relatives, grieving for the dying summer.
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Autumn: A Dirge
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She must have been kicked unseen or brushed by a car.
Too young to know much, she was beginning to learn To use the newspapers spread on the kitchen floor And to win, wetting there, the words, "Good dog! Good dog!"
The dog seems to be young due to the fact that this line says, “She must have been kicked unseen or bruised by a car” which can tell the reader that the dog was not old. If the dog was old, John Updike would have just said something that implicated that she was old and not that is looks like something or someone hurt ...
John Updike
Dogs Death
Policies taken out in his name prove that he was fully insured, And his Health-card shows that he was once in hospital but left it cured. Both Producers Research and High--Grade Living declare He was fully sensible to the advantages of the Installment Plan And had everything necessary to the Modern Man, A phonograph, a...
Was he free? Was he happy? The question is absurd: Had anything been wrong, we should certainly have heard.
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The poet ends the poem by asking two rhetorical questions: ‘'Was he free? Was he happy?’‘. It’s amusing that these two questions are referred to in the singular, as “the question,” as if being free and being happy were the same thing. The question is absurd to the government seeing as if something had gone badly they...
W. H. Auden
The Unknown Citizen
Carry him off the way I might have gone, Without so much as wishing him good-night. He went behind it to make his last stand. It was a cord of maple, cut and split And piled—and measured, four by four by eight. And not another like it could I see. No runner tracks in this year's snow looped near it. And it was older su...
What held it though on one side was a tree Still growing, and on one a stake and prop, These latter about to fall. I thought that only Someone who lived in turning to fresh tasks Could so forget his handiwork on which He spent himself, the labor of his ax, And leave it there far from a useful fireplace To warm the froz...
With the slow smokeless burning of decay.
Now, although the speaker is completely at home in this place, his meditation does not lead to any reassuring consolation or benevolent resolution that would cancel these tensions and contrarieties; instead, it reaffirms and heightens them. For if the speaker’s turning inward to the mind is a turning outward to the ima...
Robert Frost
The Wood-pile
Let not young souls be smothered out before
They do quaint deeds and fully flaunt their pride.
It is the world's one crime its babes grow dull, Its poor are ox-like, limp and leaden-eyed. Not that they starve; but starve so dreamlessly,
Even though life isn’t always filled with epic triumphs and drama, a child growing in this world needs to accomplish and experience the many little adventures and experiences that come with the territory, and which should always been seen as amazing things. For each person the world is new, and should seem that way for...
Vachel Lindsay
The Leaden Eyed
An old, mad, blind, despised, and dying king,— Princes, the dregs of their dull race, who flow Through public scorn,—mud from a muddy spring,— Rulers who neither see, nor feel, nor know, But leech-like to their fainting country cling, Till they drop, blind in blood, without a blow,— A people starved and stabbed in the ...
A Senate,—Time's worst statute unrepealed,—
Are graves, from which a glorious Phantom may Burst, to illumine our tempestous day.
Shelley is saying that Parliament provides a corrupt form of leadership. Their immense power prohibits challenge; hence the ‘statute un-repealed’. In other words, the laws passed by Parliament were immutable. The word “Senate” has its origins from “old man” so the line may be a pun on the etymology in relation to ‘...
Percy Bysshe Shelley
England in 1819
In time of silver rain The earth puts forth new life again,
Green grasses grow
And flowers lift their heads, And over all the plain The wonder spreads
Notice the use of alliteration in the GR sound (“ GR een GR asses GR ow”)–as though Hughes wants to express the strength of grass’s growth.
Langston Hughes
In Time Of Silver Rain
“When I was just as far as I could walk From here to-day, There was an hour All still When leaning with my head against a flower
I heard you talk.
Don't say I didn't, for I heard you say–– You spoke from that flower on the window sill–– Do you remember what it was you said?”
Who is the “you” that Frost is referring to? Perhaps he is attempting to converse with God, seeing that he is using a flower as a form of communication. Throughout this poem, Frost is absolutely certain that God has spoken to him, but he does not recall the exact words.
Robert Frost
The Telephone
Oh Crown of Light, oh Darkened One I never thought we'd meet
You kiss my lips, and then it's done:
I'm back on Boogie Street A sip of wine, a cigarette And then it's time to go
It is best to let Cohen “annotate” it himself ( here ) – I never thought I’d have the experience of this reconciliation of what seemed to be apparent and irreducible conflicts. You kiss my lips; and then, it’s done: I’m back on Boogie Street…So, when you hug your children, you dissolve; when you kiss your Beloved, yo...
Leonard Cohen
Boogie Street
Think what you are marching to. Little live, great pass. Jesus Christ and Barabbas Were found the same day. This died, that went his way. So sing with joyful breath, For why, you are going to death. Teeming earth will surely store All the gladness that you pour. Earth that never doubts nor fears, Earth that knows of de...
Hemlock for Socrates,
Earth that blossomed and was glad ‘Neath the cross that Christ had, Shall rejoice and blossom too
Socrates , an ancient Greek philosopher, was executed by the powers in Athens for the subversiveness of his views. The form of execution was to drink the poison, hemlock. He, like Jesus in the previous stanza, is an example of a great person who is absorbed by the earth, along with ordinary people long forgotten.
Charles Sorley
All the hills and vales along
Nor yet to draw one thought of ours to him. But from sheer morning gladness at the brim. The butterfly and I had lit upon, Nevertheless, a message from the dawn, That made me hear the wakening birds around, And hear his long scythe whispering to the ground, And feel a spirit kindred to my own; So that henceforth I work...
Men work together,' I told him from the heart, Whether they work together or apart.'
But as I said it, swift there passed me by On noiseless wing a bewildered butterfly, Seeking with memories grown dim o'er night
Despite working at different times and apart – they are joined in purpose and spirit of completing the job. The quote, ‘I told him from the heart’ shows a reversal of understanding throughout the poem as through the poem the persona’s attitude and feelings change from something negative to a positive feeling and atti...
Robert Frost
The Tuft of Flowers
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The Grass so little has to do I wish I were a Hay
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The speaker has spent the poem cataloging the idle, privileged lifestyle of a woman who is so beautiful and wealthy she makes a duchess look common. In these final lines, the speaker unequivocally rejects that life, choosing hay over grass. In addition to being a food source for beasts of burden, hay is also used as to...
Emily Dickinson
The Grass
Give me crack and anal sex Take the only tree that's left And stuff it up the hole In your culture Give me back the Berlin wall Give me Stalin and St. Paul I've seen the future, brother It is murder Things are going to slide (slide) in all directions Won't be nothing (won't be) Nothing you can measure anymore The blizz...
Has crossed the threshold
And it's overturned The order of the soul When they said (they said) repent (repent), repent (repent)
The idea that the world has crossed a critical threshold is powerful. Western modern world is reluctant to accept that in any system (human or natural) critical points exist beyond which what one does generates the opposite of what was supposed to be produced. We, as modern societies, entered this paradoxical and tragi...
Leonard Cohen
The Future
Others abide our question. Thou art free. We ask and ask: Thou smilest and art still, Out-topping knowledge. For the loftiest hill That to the stars uncrowns his majesty, Planting his stedfast footsteps in the sea, Making the Heaven of Heavens his dwelling-place, Spares but the cloudy border of his base To the foil'd s...
All pains the immortal spirit must endure, All weakness that impairs, all griefs that bow, Find their sole voice in that victorious brow.
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Whatever problems he is going through, he can turn to Shakespeare’s writings for comfort.
Matthew Arnold
Shakespeare
It must decide, for men and birds alike, As pick-pick-pick it goes with its sharp beak, If so much trust is possible in Nature; And back it darts to that safe banksia tree Then swoops on my own head, the brave wild creature. It thinks it must have hair to line its nest And hair will have, and it will chance the rest; A...
There's just this gap in Nature and in man
Where birds may perch on heads and pull out hair And if you want to chance it, well, you can.
Stewart comments on the similarities between the bird’s behaviour and human behaviour when protecting their homes
Douglas Stewart
Nesting Time
Go mark them with your living, And mark them with your dead. Take up the White Man's burden-- And reap his old reward: The blame of those ye better, The hate of those ye guard-- The cry of hosts ye humour (Ah, slowly!) toward the light:-- "Why brought he us from bondage, Our loved Egyptian night?" Take up the White Man...
Nor call too loud on Freedom
To cloke your weariness; By all ye cry or whisper, By all ye leave or do,
This line (and following ones) is a reminder that advocating “Freedom” while denying colonized people their freedom to be uncivilized is not only hypocritical, but blatantly hypocritical. “Freedom” is not something you will achieve for anyone by taking up the White Man’s Burden, so when you do, don’t let it be your sta...
Rudyard Kipling
The White Mans Burden
The boundaries of old? Tell me, Who'll pay reparations on my soul? Many fine speeches (oh yeah) From the White House desk (uh huh) Written on the cue cards That were never really there Yes, but the heat and the summer were there And the freezing winter's cold. Tell me, Who'll pay reparations on my soul? Who'll pay repa...
‘Cause I don't dig segregation, But I can't get integration I got to take it to the United Nations Someone to help me away from this nation Tell me, Who'll pay reparations on my soul?
Many suggestions And documents written Many directions
Separate but equal? Yeah right.
Gil Scott-Heron
Wholl Pay Reparations on My Soul?
And to allay his freezing age, The poor man takes her in his arms; The cottage fades before his sight, The garden and its lovely charms. The guests are scatter'd thro' the land, For the eye altering alters all; The senses roll themselves in fear, And the flat earth becomes a ball; The stars, sun, moon, all shrink away,...
The honey of her infant lips, The bread and wine of her sweet smile, The wild game of her roving eye, Does him to infancy beguile;
For as he eats and drinks he grows Younger and younger every day; And on the desert wild they both
The Woman’s “beguiling” charms seem to cast a spell over him, but rather than seducing him they cause him, bizarrely, to regress toward infancy.
William Blake
The Mental Traveller
Mad Song by William Blake The wild winds weep, And the night is a-cold; Come hither, Sleep, And my griefs infold: But lo! the morning peeps Over the eastern steeps, And the rustling birds of dawn
The earth do scorn.
Lo! to the vault Of paved heaven, With sorrow fraught
The birds of dawn are taking flight away from the Earth. It is interesting that he uses the word scorn to portray this. Scorn is a very negative word and goes well with the mood of the poem.
William Blake
Mad Song
And that infantine fresh air of hers! To think men cannot take you, Sweet, And infold you, Ay, and hold you, And so keep you what they make you, Sweet! You like us for a glance, you know— For a word's sake Or a sword's sake: All's the same, whate'er the chance, you know. And in turn we make you ours, we say— You and yo...
All the face composed of flowers, we say.
All's our own, to make the most of, Sweet— Sing and say for, Watch and pray for,
True: not an uncommon way for fellows to woo. See John Clare’s First Love and so many others.
Robert Browning
A Pretty Woman
Heere folwen the wordes bitwene the Hoost and the Millere
Whan that the Knyght had thus his tale ytoold,
In al the route ne was ther yong ne oold That he ne seyde it was a noble storie, And worthy for to drawen to memorie;
It is important to remember that this tale comes directly after the Knight’s Tale. A high-class tale with classical descriptions of beauty and love is sharply contrasted with the crude and sexual descriptions in the upcoming fabliau. This highlights the huge difference in class between the Knight and the Miller, and th...
Geoffrey Chaucer
The Canterbury Tales: The Millers Prologue in Middle English
I looked in my heart while the wild swans went over. And what did I see I had not seen before? Only a question less or a question more; Nothing to match the flight of wild birds flying. Tiresome heart, forever living and dying,
House without air, I leave you and lock your door.
Wild swans, come over the town, come over The town again, trailing your legs and crying!
The poet, significantly, refers to a ‘house’ rather than a ‘home’. Usually, associated with safety and comfort, for the speaker the house is metaphorically ‘without air’, therefore mentally constricting. Also, we lock doors for security and protection, but she is doing so to keep herself out, to liberate herself.
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Wild Swans
Gather quickly Out of darkness All the songs you know
And throw them at the sun Before they melt Like snow
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By “throwing” your knowledge and art out into the light, you make them visible and unforgettable to the world. If they were in the dark they would only be forgotten and would disappear like the melting snow.
Langston Hughes
Bouquet
The planets douse Their flames with tears, The world’s Divine Poet Constructs its history, From wild cosmic song Its epic is formed. Stars in their orbits, Moon sun and planets – He binds with his mace All things to Law, Imposes the discipline Of metre and rhyme.
In the Manasa depths
Vishnu watches - Beauties arise From the light of lotuses.
The literal translation of Manasa would mean mind or soul.Here the poet says “In the manas depths.” This could be a reference to Yoga nidra (“yogi sleep” is a sleep-like state which yogis report to experience during their meditations) of vishnu.Vishnu is said to be in the state of perpetual Yoga nidra, in which he ...
Rabindranath Tagore
Brahmā Vişņu Śiva
They fuck you up, your mum and dad. They may not mean to, but they do. They fill you with the faults they had And add some extra, just for you. But they were fucked up in their turn By fools in old-style hats and coats, Who half the time were soppy-stern And half at one another's throats. Man hands on misery to man.
It deepens like a coastal shelf.
Get out as early as you can, And don't have any kids yourself.
Here, Larkin switched into something close to Romanticism, introducing a simile that underlines how dramatic the misery of life is, at every new birth. He throws us into the depths of futility, unable to escape the depths of misery. At this point, we are learning much about his grim mindset. Moreover by likening th...
Philip Larkin
This Be The Verse x
Here, she said, put this on your head. She handed me a hat.
You 'bout as white as your dad, and you gone stay like that.
Aunt Sugar rolled her nylons down around each bony ankle, and I rolled down my white knee socks
This first line hints that the small girl in the poem is of a mixed race, but has fair skin like her father. The fact that her Aunt Sugar says, “And you gone stay like that” shows the importance of being white or even “light-skinned” during this time.
Natasha Trethewey
Flounder
We wear the mask that grins and lies, It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes,— This debt we pay to human guile; With torn and bleeding hearts we smile,
And mouth with myriad subtleties.
Why should the world be over-wise In counting all our tears and sighs? Nay, let them only see us, while
Deception has become so ingrained, it is part of the ways humans interact with the world of others. Mouth here is a verb meaning speak or talk, almost silently or muttered under one’s breath. It extends the image of the smile but subverts its positive connotation with a disgruntled or repressed “mouthing off.” M...
Paul Laurence Dunbar
We Wear the Mask
Earth hath not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty: This City now doth, like a garment, wear The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres and temples lie Open unto the fields, and to the sky;
All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.
Never did sun more beautifully steep In his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill; Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!
Instead of focusing on polluted air, Wordsworth seems to embrace the beauty of the London sky. He is so immersed in nature, he longs to enjoy what he can see before the working day starts. It suggests that he is viewing the sky early in the morning before the workers start at the factories. The plosive ‘b’, guttera...
William Wordsworth
Composed upon Westminster Bridge September 3 1802
Hold fast to dreams, For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams, For when dreams go Life is a barren field
If you don’t continue to chase your dreams they will never take shape or manifest. This holds true for many Black Americans who kept the dream of equality alive despite the constant adversity they faced.
Langston Hughes
Dreams
The camels crossed the miles of sand That stretched around the cups and plates; The desert was their own, they planned To portion out the stars and dates: The camels crossed the miles of sand. Time was away and somewhere else. The waiter did not come, the clock Forgot them and the radio waltz Came out like water from a...
Not caring if the markets crash
When they had forests such as these, Her fingers flicked away the ash. God or whatever means the Good
The great Depression that followed the stock market crash in 1929 would have been in the poet’s mind. Major world events — the Second World War had begun when this was published yet isn’t referred to — but they would have diminished in the minds of the lovers at times like these.
Louis MacNeice
Meeting Point
Huffy Henryhid the day, unappeasable Henry sulked.
I see his point,—a trying to put things over.
It was the thought that they thought they could do it made Henry wicked & away. But he should have come out and talked.
for “put over,” the OED gives “ colloq. (orig. U.S.) to inflict a defeat or gain an advantage on a person; to get the better of someone,” as well as “ trans. To present convincingly or effectively; to communicate, convey”—under which is noted a felicitous example from a 2006 issue of the Halifax Courier : “Even th...
John Berryman
Dream Song 1
That drives these two to excess And into the arms of sin? They are the children of Eros. They move, but not too fast. They want to extend their pleasure, They want the moment to last. Too bad they cannot hear us. too bad we can't advise. Fate that brought them together Has yet another surprise. Just as they reach the u...
An empty downtown local
Separates them forever. An empty downtown local Screams through the grimy air
The description Strand uses for the oncoming train.
Mark Strand
The Couple
Your beauty lost to you yourself Just as it was lost to them Oh take this longing from my tongue Whatever useless things these hands have done Let me see your beauty broken down Like you would do for one you love Your body like a searchlight My poverty revealed I would like to try your charity Until you cry, "Now you m...
Just take this longing from my tongue
All the lonely things my hands have done Let me see your beauty broken down Like you would do for one you love
The tone then shifts as the chorus repeats: he doesn’t care whether it is love or not, just take away the longing.
Leonard Cohen
Take This Longing
Acacia, burnt myrrh, velvet, pricky stings
—I'm not so young but not so very old
Said screwed-up lovely 23 A final sense of being right out in the cold Unkissed
A comment Berryman put down in his journal in 1955, apparently said by a girl called Susan. See also Britney Spears' take on the subject.
John Berryman
Dream Song 3 A Stimulant for an Old Beast
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Christ is a Nigger,
Beaten and black-- O, bare your back. Mary is His Mother
“Christ is a nigger” in two senses: in the historical sense as a brown-skinned Jew like other Jews of his day, with a brown-skinned mother—both later adopted into the white West and given a lily-white heavenly father; and in the symbolic sense of Jesus as an alien presence, preaching an exacting spirituality, a forei...
Langston Hughes
Christ in Alabama
'Twas mercy brought me from my Pagan land,
Taught my benighted soul to understand
That there's a God, that there's a Saviour too: Once I redemption neither sought nor knew. Some view our sable race with scornful eye,
Phillis Wheatley refers to her life before she was brought to America as benighted. Benighted means being overtaken by darkness, which in this context refers to sin. It can also mean a life without the knowledge of God (ignorance), or as Christians would put it, a life of sin. She has come to embrace Christianity mor...
Phillis Wheatley
On Being Brought from Africa to America
I've known rivers: I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the Flow of human blood in human veins.
My soul has grown deep like the rivers.
I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young. I built my hut near the Congo and it lulled me to sleep. I looked upon the Nile and raised the pyramids above it.
His soul has flown the same path as these rivers and through these paths he has acquired knowledge of history, of himself and has grown deep, maybe becoming part of the river himself
Langston Hughes
The Negro Speaks of Rivers
The highway is full of big cars going nowhere fast And folks is smoking anything that'll burn Some people wrap their lives around a cocktail glass And you sit wondering where you're going to turn. I got it.
Come. And be my baby.
Some prophets say the world is gonna end tomorrow But others say we've got a week or two The paper is full of every kind of blooming horror
She only asks for him to come and be her’s for the rest of time since the world is such a cruel and unforgiving place. They can spend their time together, their way.
Maya Angelou
Come And Be My Baby
Ay, thou art for the grave; thy glances shine Too brightly to shine long; another Spring Shall deck her for men's eyes---but not for thine --- Sealed in a sleep which knows no wakening. The fields for thee have no medicinal leaf, And the vexed ore no mineral of power; And they who love thee wait in anxious grief
Till the slow plague shall bring the final hour.
Glide softly to thy rest then; Death should come Gently, to one of gentle mould like thee, As light winds wandering through groves of bloom
This is How I Really Feel – Poetry as an Outlet While going through Bryant’s biography, I stumbled upon a small note that covered the sickness of his beloved sibling Sarah and his response to her illness. While the biography says next to nothing about how he really felt and failed to expand anything else in regards t...
William Cullen Bryant
Consumption
There is a bitter river Flowing through the South. Too long has the taste of its water Been in my mouth. There is a bitter river Dark with filth and mud. Too long has its evil poison Poisoned my blood. I've drunk of the bitter river And its gall coats the red of my tongue, Mixed with the blood of the lynched boys
From its iron bridge hung,
Mixed with the hopes that are drowned there In the snake-like hiss of its stream Where I drank of the bitter river
Hughes goes into deeper detail of the young boys' wrongful deaths–Charlie Lang and Ernest Green died beneath the Shubuta Bridge in Mississippi. This bridge became famously known as the “Hanging Bridge”.
Langston Hughes
The Bitter River
Your pain is the breaking of the shell that encloses your understanding. Even as the stone of the fruit must break, that its heart may stand in the sun, so must you know pain. And could you keep your heart in wonder at the daily miracles of your life, your pain would not seem less wondrous than your joy; And you would ...
And you would watch with serenity through the winters of your grief.
Much of your pain is self-chosen. It is the bitter potion by which the physician within you heals your sick self.
Your opinion of winter might change dramatically based on your mood; we might choose to focus on the cold and the dark of the winter, or we might just as well focus on the tranquil bursting of snow falling on snow. And as the peoples of the Arctic circle know, snow is, in fact, insulating. There are odd parallels b...
Kahlil Gibran
On Pain
Its motive from the fact you cannot listen. We who should have known how to instruct With rhymes for your waking, rhymes for your sleep Names for the animals you took to bed, Tales to distract, legends to protect, Later an idiom for you to keep And living, learn, must learn from you, dead. To make our broken images reb...
Sleep in a world your final sleep has woken.
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This is the poet’s final wish, her yearning that the child — or future children — will sleep peacefully in a new world engendered by the “final sleep” of the baby that was killed; the death, that, ironically, “has woken” a new society; a peaceful world. The last line is suitably rhythmic, like the opening stanza. In ...
Eavan Boland
Child of Our Time
An agitation of the air, A perturbation of the light Admonished me the unloved year Would turn on its hinge that night. I stood in the disenchanted field Amid the stubble and the stones, Amazed, while a small worm lisped to me The song of my marrow-bones. Blue poured into summer blue, A hawk broke from his cloudless to...
Already the iron door of the north
Clangs open: birds, leaves, snows Order their populations forth, And a cruel wind blows.
Referring to the cold climate opening like a door and making its way further down south.
Stanley Kunitz
End of Summer
And much it grieved my heart to think What man has made of man. Through primrose tufts, in that green bower, The periwinkle trailed its wreaths; And 'tis my faith that every flower Enjoys the air it breathes. The birds around me hopped and played, Their thoughts I cannot measure:— But the least motion which they made I...
And I must think, do all I can,
That there was pleasure there. If this belief from heaven be sent, If such be Nature's holy plan,
The author reflects that seeing the budding power of nature, even in the smallest twigs, spurs him to do all that he can. Nature is his source of inspiration and drive.
William Wordsworth
Lines Written in Early Spring