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What is (are) cyclic vomiting syndrome ? | Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a disorder that causes recurrent episodes of nausea, vomiting, and tiredness (lethargy). This condition is diagnosed most often in young children, but it can affect people of any age. The episodes of nausea, vomiting, and lethargy last anywhere from an hour to 10 days. An affected person ma... | cyclic vomiting syndrome |
How many people are affected by cyclic vomiting syndrome ? | The exact prevalence of cyclic vomiting syndrome is unknown; estimates range from 4 to 2,000 per 100,000 children. The condition is diagnosed less frequently in adults, although recent studies suggest that the condition may begin in adulthood as commonly as it begins in childhood. | cyclic vomiting syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to cyclic vomiting syndrome ? | Although the causes of cyclic vomiting syndrome have yet to be determined, researchers have proposed several factors that may contribute to the disorder. These factors include changes in brain function, hormonal abnormalities, and gastrointestinal problems. Many researchers believe that cyclic vomiting syndrome is a mi... | cyclic vomiting syndrome |
Is cyclic vomiting syndrome inherited ? | In most cases of cyclic vomiting syndrome, affected people have no known history of the disorder in their family. However, many affected individuals have a family history of related conditions, such as migraines, irritable bowel syndrome, or depression, in their mothers and other maternal relatives. This family history... | cyclic vomiting syndrome |
What are the treatments for cyclic vomiting syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of cyclic vomiting syndrome: - Children's Hospital of Wisconsin - Genetic Testing Registry: Cyclical vomiting syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug T... | cyclic vomiting syndrome |
What is (are) myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers ? | Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) is a disorder that affects many parts of the body, particularly the muscles and nervous system. In most cases, the signs and symptoms of this disorder appear during childhood or adolescence. The features of MERRF vary widely among affected individuals, even among member... | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
How many people are affected by myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers ? | MERRF is a rare condition; its prevalence is unknown. MERRF is part of a group of conditions known as mitochondrial disorders, which affect an estimated 1 in 5,000 people worldwide. | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
What are the genetic changes related to myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers ? | Mutations in the MT-TK gene are the most common cause of MERRF, occurring in more than 80 percent of all cases. Less frequently, mutations in the MT-TL1, MT-TH, and MT-TS1 genes have been reported to cause the signs and symptoms of MERRF. People with mutations in the MT-TL1, MT-TH, or MT-TS1 gene typically have signs a... | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
Is myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers inherited ? | MERRF is inherited in a mitochondrial pattern, which is also known as maternal inheritance. This pattern of inheritance applies to genes contained in mtDNA. Because egg cells, but not sperm cells, contribute mitochondria to the developing embryo, children can only inherit disorders resulting from mtDNA mutations from t... | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
What are the treatments for myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of MERRF: - Gene Review: Gene Review: MERRF - Genetic Testing Registry: Myoclonus with epilepsy with ragged red fibers - Kennedy Krieger Institute: Mitochondrial Disorders - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Lipoma - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Optic nerve atrophy - Medli... | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
What is (are) familial male-limited precocious puberty ? | Familial male-limited precocious puberty is a condition that causes early sexual development in males; females are not affected. Boys with this disorder begin exhibiting the signs of puberty in early childhood, between the ages of 2 and 5. Signs of male puberty include a deepening voice, acne, increased body hair, unde... | familial male-limited precocious puberty |
How many people are affected by familial male-limited precocious puberty ? | Familial male-limited precocious puberty is a rare disorder; its prevalence is unknown. | familial male-limited precocious puberty |
What are the genetic changes related to familial male-limited precocious puberty ? | Familial male-limited precocious puberty can be caused by mutations in the LHCGR gene. This gene provides instructions for making a receptor protein called the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor. Receptor proteins have specific sites into which certain other proteins, called ligands, fit like keys into... | familial male-limited precocious puberty |
Is familial male-limited precocious puberty inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant, male-limited pattern, which means one copy of the altered LHCGR gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder in males. Females with mutations associated with familial male-limited precocious puberty appear to be unaffected. In some cases, an affected male i... | familial male-limited precocious puberty |
What are the treatments for familial male-limited precocious puberty ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of familial male-limited precocious puberty: - Boston Children's Hospital: Precocious Puberty - Genetic Testing Registry: Gonadotropin-independent familial sexual precocity These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of va... | familial male-limited precocious puberty |
What is (are) glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency ? | Glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency is an inherited disorder that affects red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the body's tissues. People with this disorder have a condition known as chronic hemolytic anemia, in which red blood cells are broken down (undergo hemolysis) prematurely, resulting in a shortage of... | glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency |
How many people are affected by glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency ? | GPI deficiency is a rare cause of hemolytic anemia; its prevalence is unknown. About 50 cases have been described in the medical literature. | glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency |
What are the genetic changes related to glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency ? | GPI deficiency is caused by mutations in the GPI gene, which provides instructions for making an enzyme called glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI). This enzyme has two distinct functions based on its structure. When two GPI molecules form a complex (a homodimer), the enzyme plays a role in a critical energy-producing pro... | glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency |
Is glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency |
What are the treatments for glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of GPI deficiency: - Genetic Testing Registry: Glucosephosphate isomerase deficiency - Genetic Testing Registry: Hemolytic anemia, nonspherocytic, due to glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: How is Hemolytic Anemia Dia... | glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency |
What is (are) Winchester syndrome ? | Winchester syndrome is a rare inherited disease characterized by a loss of bone tissue (osteolysis), particularly in the hands and feet. Winchester syndrome used to be considered part of a related condition now called multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis, and arthropathy (MONA). However, because Winchester syndrome and M... | Winchester syndrome |
How many people are affected by Winchester syndrome ? | Winchester syndrome is a rare condition whose prevalence is unknown. It has been reported in only a few individuals worldwide. | Winchester syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to Winchester syndrome ? | Winchester syndrome is caused by mutations in the MMP14 gene (also known as MT1-MMP). This gene provides instructions for making a protein called matrix metallopeptidase 14, which is found on the surface of cells. Matrix metallopeptidase 14 normally helps modify and break down various components of the extracellular ma... | Winchester syndrome |
Is Winchester syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | Winchester syndrome |
What are the treatments for Winchester syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Winchester syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: Winchester syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic ... | Winchester syndrome |
What is (are) congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ? | Congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is an inherited disorder that primarily affects the nervous system. Soon after birth, affected infants develop muscle rigidity, respiratory failure, and prolonged episodes of seizure activity that last several minutes (status epilepticus). It is likely that some affected ... | congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
How many people are affected by congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ? | Congenital NCL is the rarest type of NCL; approximately 10 cases have been described. | congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
What are the genetic changes related to congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ? | Mutations in the CTSD gene cause congenital NCL. The CTSD gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called cathepsin D. Cathepsin D is one of a family of cathepsin proteins that act as proteases, which modify proteins by cutting them apart. Cathepsin D is found in many types of cells and is active in lysosomes, w... | congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
Is congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
What are the treatments for congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: - Genetic Testing Registry: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, congenital These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Ther... | congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
What is (are) fragile X syndrome ? | Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition that causes a range of developmental problems including learning disabilities and cognitive impairment. Usually, males are more severely affected by this disorder than females. Affected individuals usually have delayed development of speech and language by age 2. Most males wi... | fragile X syndrome |
How many people are affected by fragile X syndrome ? | Fragile X syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 8,000 females. | fragile X syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to fragile X syndrome ? | Mutations in the FMR1 gene cause fragile X syndrome. The FMR1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called FMRP. This protein helps regulate the production of other proteins and plays a role in the development of synapses, which are specialized connections between nerve cells. Synapses are critical for relayi... | fragile X syndrome |
Is fragile X syndrome inherited ? | Fragile X syndrome is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern. A condition is considered X-linked if the mutated gene that causes the disorder is located on the X chromosome, one of the two sex chromosomes. (The Y chromosome is the other sex chromosome.) The inheritance is dominant if one copy of the altered gene in ... | fragile X syndrome |
What are the treatments for fragile X syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of fragile X syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: FMR1-Related Disorders - GeneFacts: Fragile X Syndrome: Diagnosis - GeneFacts: Fragile X Syndrome: Management - Genetic Testing Registry: Fragile X syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Fragile X syndrome These ... | fragile X syndrome |
What is (are) spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ? | Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a condition characterized by progressive problems with movement. People with this condition initially experience problems with coordination and balance (ataxia). Other signs and symptoms of SCA1 include speech and swallowing difficulties, muscle stiffness (spasticity), and weakne... | spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 |
How many people are affected by spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ? | SCA1 affects 1 to 2 per 100,000 people worldwide. | spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 |
What are the genetic changes related to spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ? | Mutations in the ATXN1 gene cause SCA1. The ATXN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called ataxin-1. This protein is found throughout the body, but its function is unknown. Within cells, ataxin-1 is located in the nucleus. Researchers believe that ataxin-1 may be involved in regulating various aspects of ... | spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 |
Is spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. An affected person usually inherits the altered gene from one affected parent. However, some people with SCA1 do not have a parent with the disorder. As the altered A... | spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 |
What are the treatments for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of SCA1: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Spinocerebellar ataxia 1 These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug ... | spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 |
What is (are) Floating-Harbor syndrome ? | Floating-Harbor syndrome is a disorder involving short stature, slowing of the mineralization of the bones (delayed bone age), delayed speech development, and characteristic facial features. The condition is named for the hospitals where it was first described, the Boston Floating Hospital and Harbor General Hospital i... | Floating-Harbor syndrome |
How many people are affected by Floating-Harbor syndrome ? | Floating-Harbor syndrome is a rare disorder; only about 50 cases have been reported in the medical literature. | Floating-Harbor syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to Floating-Harbor syndrome ? | Floating-Harbor syndrome is caused by mutations in the SRCAP gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called Snf2-related CREBBP activator protein, or SRCAP. SRCAP is one of several proteins that help activate a gene called CREBBP. The protein produced from the CREBBP gene plays a key role in regulati... | Floating-Harbor syndrome |
Is Floating-Harbor syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most cases of Floating-Harbor syndrome result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. However, in some cas... | Floating-Harbor syndrome |
What are the treatments for Floating-Harbor syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Floating-Harbor syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Floating-Harbor Syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: Floating-Harbor syndrome - KidsHealth: Bone Age Study These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various he... | Floating-Harbor syndrome |
What is (are) multiple sulfatase deficiency ? | Multiple sulfatase deficiency is a condition that mainly affects the brain, skin, and skeleton. Because the signs and symptoms of multiple sulfatase deficiency vary widely, researchers have split the condition into three types: neonatal, late-infantile, and juvenile. The neonatal type is the most severe form, with sig... | multiple sulfatase deficiency |
How many people are affected by multiple sulfatase deficiency ? | Multiple sulfatase deficiency is estimated to occur in 1 per million individuals worldwide. Approximately 50 cases have been reported in the scientific literature. | multiple sulfatase deficiency |
What are the genetic changes related to multiple sulfatase deficiency ? | Multiple sulfatase deficiency is caused by mutations in the SUMF1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE). This enzyme is found in a cell structure called the endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in protein processing and transport. The FGE enzyme modi... | multiple sulfatase deficiency |
Is multiple sulfatase deficiency inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | multiple sulfatase deficiency |
What are the treatments for multiple sulfatase deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of multiple sulfatase deficiency: - Genetic Testing Registry: Multiple sulfatase deficiency These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabi... | multiple sulfatase deficiency |
What is (are) citrullinemia ? | Citrullinemia is an inherited disorder that causes ammonia and other toxic substances to accumulate in the blood. Two forms of citrullinemia have been described; they have different signs and symptoms and are caused by mutations in different genes. Type I citrullinemia (also known as classic citrullinemia) usually bec... | citrullinemia |
How many people are affected by citrullinemia ? | Type I citrullinemia is the most common form of the disorder, affecting about 1 in 57,000 people worldwide. Type II citrullinemia is found primarily in the Japanese population, where it occurs in an estimated 1 in 100,000 to 230,000 individuals. Type II also has been reported in other populations, including people from... | citrullinemia |
What are the genetic changes related to citrullinemia ? | Mutations in the ASS1 and SLC25A13 genes cause citrullinemia. Citrullinemia belongs to a class of genetic diseases called urea cycle disorders. The urea cycle is a sequence of chemical reactions that takes place in liver cells. These reactions process excess nitrogen that is generated when protein is used by the body.... | citrullinemia |
Is citrullinemia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | citrullinemia |
What are the treatments for citrullinemia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of citrullinemia: - Baby's First Test: Citrullinemia, Type I - Baby's First Test: Citrullinemia, Type II - Gene Review: Gene Review: Citrin Deficiency - Gene Review: Gene Review: Citrullinemia Type I - Gene Review: Gene Review: Urea Cycle Disorders Overview - Ge... | citrullinemia |
What is (are) hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure ? | Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) is an inherited muscle disease that predominantly affects muscles close to the center of the body (proximal muscles) and muscles that are needed for breathing. The major signs and symptoms of HMERF usually appear in adulthood, on average around age 35. Among t... | hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure |
How many people are affected by hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure ? | HMERF is a rare condition. It has been reported in several families of Swedish and French descent, and in at least one individual from Italy. | hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure |
What are the genetic changes related to hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure ? | HMERF can be caused by a mutation in the TTN gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called titin. Titin plays an important role in muscles the body uses for movement (skeletal muscles) and in heart (cardiac) muscle. Within muscle cells, titin is an essential component of structures called sarcomere... | hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure |
Is hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. | hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure |
What are the treatments for hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of HMERF: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Hereditary Myopathy with Early Respiratory Failure (HMERF) - Genetic Testing Registry: Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: How Is Respiratory Failure Diagnosed? - Nat... | hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure |
What is (are) Carpenter syndrome ? | Carpenter syndrome is a condition characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones (craniosynostosis), abnormalities of the fingers and toes, and other developmental problems. Craniosynostosis prevents the skull from growing normally, frequently giving the head a pointed appearance (acrocephaly). In severe... | Carpenter syndrome |
How many people are affected by Carpenter syndrome ? | Carpenter syndrome is thought to be a rare condition; approximately 70 cases have been described in the scientific literature. | Carpenter syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to Carpenter syndrome ? | Mutations in the RAB23 or MEGF8 gene cause Carpenter syndrome. The RAB23 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in a process called vesicle trafficking, which moves proteins and other molecules within cells in sac-like structures called vesicles. The Rab23 protein transports vesicles from the... | Carpenter syndrome |
Is Carpenter syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | Carpenter syndrome |
What are the treatments for Carpenter syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Carpenter syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: Carpenter syndrome 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Carpenter syndrome 2 - Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children (UK): Craniosynostosis Information - Johns Hopkins Medicine: Craniosynostosis Treatment Options - ... | Carpenter syndrome |
What is (are) lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome ? | Lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital (LADD) syndrome is a genetic disorder that mainly affects the eyes, ears, mouth, and hands. LADD syndrome is characterized by defects in the tear-producing lacrimal system (lacrimo-), ear problems (auriculo-), dental abnormalities (dento-), and deformities of the fingers (digital). The l... | lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome |
How many people are affected by lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome ? | LADD syndrome appears to be a rare condition; at least 60 cases have been described in the scientific literature. | lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome ? | Mutations in the FGFR2, FGFR3, or FGF10 gene can cause LADD syndrome. The FGFR2 and FGFR3 genes provide instructions for making proteins that are part of a family called fibroblast growth factor receptors. The FGF10 gene provides instructions for making a protein called a fibroblast growth factor, which is a family of... | lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome |
Is lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means a mutation in one copy of the FGFR2, FGFR3, or FGF10 gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. Other cases result from new mutations in the gene and o... | lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome |
What are the treatments for lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome: - American Academy of Ophthalmology: The Tearing Patient - Cincinnati Children's Hospital: Tear Duct Probing and Irrigation - Cleveland Clinic: Dry Eyes - Cleveland Clinic: Dry Mouth Treatment - Genetic Testing Registry... | lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome |
What is (are) intranuclear rod myopathy ? | Intranuclear rod myopathy is a disorder that primarily affects skeletal muscles, which are muscles that the body uses for movement. People with intranuclear rod myopathy have severe muscle weakness (myopathy) and poor muscle tone (hypotonia) throughout the body. Signs and symptoms of this condition are apparent in infa... | intranuclear rod myopathy |
How many people are affected by intranuclear rod myopathy ? | Intranuclear rod myopathy is a rare disorder that has been identified in only a small number of individuals. Its exact prevalence is unknown. | intranuclear rod myopathy |
What are the genetic changes related to intranuclear rod myopathy ? | Intranuclear rod myopathy is caused by a mutation in the ACTA1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called skeletal alpha ()-actin, which is part of the actin protein family. Actin proteins are important for cell movement and the tensing of muscle fibers (muscle contraction). Thin filaments made u... | intranuclear rod myopathy |
Is intranuclear rod myopathy inherited ? | Intranuclear rod myopathy is an autosomal dominant condition, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most cases are not inherited; they result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. | intranuclear rod myopathy |
What are the treatments for intranuclear rod myopathy ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of intranuclear rod myopathy: - Genetic Testing Registry: Nemaline myopathy 3 These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Ge... | intranuclear rod myopathy |
What is (are) prion disease ? | Prion disease represents a group of conditions that affect the nervous system in humans and animals. In people, these conditions impair brain function, causing changes in memory, personality, and behavior; a decline in intellectual function (dementia); and abnormal movements, particularly difficulty with coordinating m... | prion disease |
How many people are affected by prion disease ? | These disorders are very rare. Although the exact prevalence of prion disease is unknown, studies suggest that this group of conditions affects about one person per million worldwide each year. Approximately 350 new cases are reported annually in the United States. | prion disease |
What are the genetic changes related to prion disease ? | Between 10 and 15 percent of all cases of prion disease are caused by mutations in the PRNP gene. Because they can run in families, these forms of prion disease are classified as familial. Familial prion diseases, which have overlapping signs and symptoms, include familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Str... | prion disease |
Is prion disease inherited ? | Familial forms of prion disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered PRNP gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In most cases, an affected person inherits the altered gene from one affected parent. In some people, familial forms of prion disease are caused... | prion disease |
What are the treatments for prion disease ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of prion disease: - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation: Suggestions for Patient Care - Gene Review: Gene Review: Genetic Prion Diseases - Genetic Testing Registry: Genetic prion diseases - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - MedlinePlus Encycl... | prion disease |
What is (are) pseudoachondroplasia ? | Pseudoachondroplasia is an inherited disorder of bone growth. It was once thought to be related to another disorder of bone growth called achondroplasia, but without that disorder's characteristic facial features. More research has demonstrated that pseudoachondroplasia is a separate disorder. All people with pseudoac... | pseudoachondroplasia |
How many people are affected by pseudoachondroplasia ? | The exact prevalence of pseudoachondroplasia is unknown; it is estimated to occur in 1 in 30,000 individuals. | pseudoachondroplasia |
What are the genetic changes related to pseudoachondroplasia ? | Mutations in the COMP gene cause pseudoachondroplasia. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is essential for the normal development of cartilage and for its conversion to bone. Cartilage is a tough, flexible tissue that makes up much of the skeleton during early development. Most cartilage is later... | pseudoachondroplasia |
Is pseudoachondroplasia inherited ? | Pseudoachondroplasia is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. Most cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no h... | pseudoachondroplasia |
What are the treatments for pseudoachondroplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of pseudoachondroplasia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Pseudoachondroplasia - Genetic Testing Registry: Pseudoachondroplastic spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various healt... | pseudoachondroplasia |
What is (are) Ellis-van Creveld syndrome ? | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is an inherited disorder of bone growth that results in very short stature (dwarfism). People with this condition have particularly short forearms and lower legs and a narrow chest with short ribs. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is also characterized by the presence of extra fingers and toes (pol... | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome |
How many people are affected by Ellis-van Creveld syndrome ? | In most parts of the world, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome occurs in 1 in 60,000 to 200,000 newborns. It is difficult to estimate the exact prevalence because the disorder is very rare in the general population. This condition is much more common in the Old Order Amish population of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and in t... | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to Ellis-van Creveld syndrome ? | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome can be caused by mutations in the EVC or EVC2 gene. Little is known about the function of these genes, although they appear to play important roles in cell-to-cell signaling during development. In particular, the proteins produced from the EVC and EVC2 genes are thought to help regulate the S... | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome |
Is Ellis-van Creveld syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome |
What are the treatments for Ellis-van Creveld syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: Chondroectodermal dysplasia - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Congenital Heart Disease - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Polydactyly These resources from Medlin... | Ellis-van Creveld syndrome |
What is (are) Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome ? | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia). The heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. A specialized cluster of cells called th... | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
How many people are affected by Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome ? | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome affects 1 to 3 in 1,000 people worldwide. Only a small fraction of these cases appear to run in families. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a common cause of an arrhythmia known as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is the most frequent cause of this ... | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
What are the genetic changes related to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome ? | Mutations in the PRKAG2 gene cause Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. A small percentage of all cases of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are caused by mutations in the PRKAG2 gene. Some people with these mutations also have features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a form of heart disease that enlarges and weakens the hear... | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
Is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome inherited ? | Most cases of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome occur in people with no apparent family history of the condition. These cases are described as sporadic and are not inherited. Familial Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome accounts for only a small percentage of all cases of this condition. The familial form of the disorder typi... | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
What are the treatments for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditio... | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
What is (are) limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ? | Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is a term for a group of diseases that cause weakness and wasting of the muscles in the arms and legs. The muscles most affected are those closest to the body (proximal muscles), specifically the muscles of the shoulders, upper arms, pelvic area, and thighs. The severity, age of onset, a... | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
How many people are affected by limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ? | It is difficult to determine the prevalence of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy because its features vary and overlap with those of other muscle disorders. Prevalence estimates range from 1 in 14,500 to 1 in 123,000 individuals. | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
What are the genetic changes related to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ? | The various forms of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy are caused by mutations in many different genes. These genes provide instructions for making proteins that are involved in muscle maintenance and repair. Some of the proteins produced from these genes assemble with other proteins into larger protein complexes. These ... | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
Is limb-girdle muscular dystrophy inherited ? | Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy can have different inheritance patterns. Most forms of this condition are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated ge... | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
What are the treatments for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: - Cleveland Clinic - Gene Review: Gene Review: Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Overview - Genetic Testing Registry: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy - Genetic Testing Registry: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, type 1A - Genetic Test... | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
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