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Data Cleaning — Messy CRM Export → Clean, Typed Dataset
A reproducible end-to-end data-cleaning case study. You receive a "customer orders" export from a legacy CRM in the condition real exports arrive in: mixed date formats, duplicate rows, casing and whitespace noise, sentinel nulls, and prices that are text. This project cleans it with pandas and produces a QA report generated from the actual run — every fix is counted, nothing is hand-typed.
The dirty data is generated by a seeded script (make_messy.py, seed 42),
so anyone can reproduce the exact same input and verify every number in the
QA report.
The mess (real examples from messy_orders.csv)
| Problem | Example |
|---|---|
| Mixed date formats | 2024-03-01, 03/01/2024, 01/03/2024, Mar 01, 2024, 01-Mar-2024, 2024/03/01 |
| Ambiguous dates | 01/03/2024 — Jan 3 or Mar 1? |
| Casing noise | joseph thomas, SHIPPED, SAN DIEGO |
| Whitespace noise | san diego, Pending (trailing), double spaces |
| Sentinel nulls | N/A, n/a, NA, ?, empty |
| Wrong types | $1,234.56 as text, (294.50) accounting-negative, 4.0 where an int is expected, ORD 10001 (space not dash) |
| Duplicates | 25 exact + 15 near-duplicates (same order, different casing) |
What the pipeline does
clean_with_pandas.py reads everything as dtype=str (no silent coercion),
then:
- Strips whitespace on all cells — counted per run.
- Converts sentinel nulls to real nulls.
- Normalizes
order_id(ORD 10001→ORD-10001). - Title-cases names/cities, lower-cases email/payment/status.
- Parses dates against an explicit format list (no
guess_date). AmbiguousX/Y/YYYY(both parts ≤ 12) is assumed US month-first and the count is reported — a documented, auditable decision, not a guess. - Casts
quantityto int and money columns to float ($/,/()handled; accounting parentheses → negative, i.e. credit notes). - Deduplicates last — a whitespace-padded duplicate is only an exact
duplicate after normalization, so order matters. Rows with a real
key dedupe on
order_id; keyless rows dedupe on the full row (never on a null key). - Validates: flags rows where
|total − unit_price × quantity| > 0.02.
It writes clean.csv and QA_report.md (row counts, every issue
found/fixed with its rule, the date-format distribution, the ambiguity
count, validation results, and a data dictionary).
Run it
python make_messy.py messy_orders.csv # reproduce the dirty input (seed 42)
python clean_with_pandas.py messy_orders.csv clean.csv QA_report.md
python make_previews.py # render before/after PNGs
Result of the committed run
- 540 raw rows → 500 clean rows (exactly the 40 injected duplicates removed).
- 163 whitespace cells stripped; 292 casing fixes; 96 sentinel
nulls; 109 money-text values; 15
order_idformat fixes; 77 ambiguous dates resolved (assumed month-first, reported); 21 credit-note totals normalized to negative; 21 rows flagged by the total check — all of them credit notes, no true arithmetic errors.
See QA_report.md for the full per-issue table.
Before / after
before_messy.png and after_clean.png show the first 13 rows of each.
The contrast is the whole point: mixed-case cities, 29-Nov-2024 / 07/06/2024 /
Sep 10, 2024 / 2024-12-28 on the left become a single ISO YYYY-MM-DD on
the right; $1,847.64 and (294.50) become 1847.64 and -294.5.
Why this is how I clean data in production
- Everything is counted, not assumed. The QA report is generated from the run, so a client can audit exactly what changed and how much.
- Decisions are documented. The month-first tie-break and the parentheses-are-negative rule are stated in the report, so a stakeholder can object to a policy, not discover it in a dashboard.
- Nothing is silently dropped. Duplicates are removed by an explicit key rule; quality problems are flagged in counts and kept for review.
- Reproducible. Seeded generator +
dtype=strread means the before and after are both verifiable from scratch.
Files
make_messy.py— seeded generator of the 540-row dirty inputclean_with_pandas.py— the cleaning + QA pipelinemake_previews.py— Pillow-based before/after PNG renderermessy_orders.csv— the dirty input (540 rows)clean.csv— the cleaned output (500 rows)QA_report.md— generated QA reportbefore_messy.png/after_clean.png— rendered previews