proxectonos/patrimonio_instruct

Patrimonio Instruct

Dataset Summary

Patrimonio Instruct is an instruction-style dataset focused on cultural heritage, museum terminology, and the description of cultural objects and concepts.

The dataset is derived mainly from the Tesauro de bienes culturales / Tesauro de bens culturais, a specialized thesaurus for the cultural heritage and museum domain. It contains instruction-response examples for definition generation in Spanish and Galician, as well as Galician cloze-style examples based on heritage definitions.

The resource is intended for domain adaptation, instruction tuning, evaluation, and terminology-focused experiments in the cultural heritage domain, especially for Galician and Spanish language models.

Dataset Description

Patrimonio Instruct contains three configurations:

• es_bensculturais_definicions: Spanish definition-generation examples.
• gl_bensculturais_definicions: Galician definition-generation examples.
• gl_bensculturais_cloze: Galician cloze-definition examples where the model must replace [MASK] with the correct cultural-heritage term or expression.

The definition-generation configurations contain prompts asking for the definition of a cultural heritage term. The cloze configuration contains definitions where a term has been masked and the model is expected to recover the correct answer.

The dataset is designed to support language-model training and evaluation in specialized cultural heritage terminology, museum documentation, and Galician/Spanish domain-specific generation.

Dataset Sources

The dataset is based mainly on the Tesauro de bienes culturales, part of the Tesauros del Patrimonio Cultural de España published by the Spanish Ministry of Culture.

The source material belongs to the domain of cultural heritage documentation and includes controlled terminology, definitions, and conceptual descriptions used for the classification and description of cultural goods.

The Galician material was created as a translated and linguistically adapted version of the source terminology and definitions. The cloze examples were generated from the Galician definitions by masking relevant terms or expressions.

Dataset Structure

The dataset is distributed in JSONL format, with one JSON object per line.

It contains the following configurations:

Config	File	Examples	Description
es_bensculturais_definicions	es_bensculturais_definicions.jsonl	5,744	Spanish definition-generation examples from cultural heritage terminology.
gl_bensculturais_definicions	gl_bensculturais_definicions.jsonl	5,738	Galician definition-generation examples from cultural heritage terminology.
gl_bensculturais_cloze	gl_bensculturais_cloze.jsonl	4,196	Galician cloze-definition examples based on cultural heritage definitions.

Data Fields

Definition-generation configurations

The configurations es_bensculturais_definicions and gl_bensculturais_definicions contain the following fields:

Field	Type	Description
id	integer	Source identifier of the term or concept.
term	string	Cultural heritage term to be defined.
prompt	string	Instruction asking for the definition of the term.
output	string	Definition of the term.

Example from gl_bensculturais_definicions:

{
  "id": 1195614,
  "term": "Construción",
  "prompt": "Cal é a definición de \"construción\"?",
  "output": "Obra construída ou edificada. O termo emprégase tanto para edificios como para outras construcións que non poden recibir ese nome: conxuntos de edificios ou obras que non alcanzan a categoría de edificios. A miúdo, estas edificacións ou grupo de edificacións teñen un mesmo destino, están comprendidas nun mesmo programa ou pertencen á mesma persoa ou colectividade."
}

Example from es_bensculturais_definicions:

{
  "id": 1195614,
  "term": "Construcción",
  "prompt": "¿Cuál es la definición de \"construcción\"?",
  "output": "Obra construida o edificada. El término se emplea tanto para edificios como para otras construcciones que no pueden recibir ese nombre: conjuntos de edificios u obras que no alcanzan la categoría de edificios. A menudo, estas edificaciones o grupo de edificaciones tienen un mismo destino, están comprendidas en un mismo programa o pertenecen a la misma persona o colectividad."
}

Cloze-definition configuration

The configuration gl_bensculturais_cloze contains the following fields:

Field	Type	Description
id	string	Unique identifier of the cloze example.
lang	string	Language code. All examples use gl.
task	string	Task type. In this configuration, cloze_definition.
source_term	string	Source cultural heritage term from which the example was derived.
instruction	string	Instruction for completing the cloze definition.
input	string	Definition text containing the [MASK] token.
output	string	Correct term or expression replacing [MASK].
metadata	object	Additional metadata about the masked term and source definition.

Example from gl_bensculturais_cloze:

{
  "id": "bens_culturais_003272_cloze_01",
  "lang": "gl",
  "task": "cloze_definition",
  "source_term": "Máscara ere okoro",
  "instruction": "Completa a definición substituíndo [MASK] pola palabra ou expresión correcta.",
  "input": "[MASK] de carácter cerimonial.",
  "output": "Máscara-casco",
  "metadata": {
    "masked_surface": "Máscara-casco",
    "masked_term_canonical": "Máscara-casco",
    "matched_variant": "Máscara-casco",
    "source_word_gl": "Máscara ere okoro",
    "original_definition": "Máscara-casco* de carácter cerimonial.",
    "source_id": 1191271
  }
}

Supported Tasks

This dataset is suitable for:

• instruction tuning
• definition generation
• terminology-aware text generation
• cloze completion
• fill-mask style evaluation
• cultural heritage domain adaptation
• museum and heritage terminology modelling
• Galician and Spanish specialized language modelling

Languages

The dataset contains examples in:

• Spanish
• Galician

The Spanish configuration contains Spanish prompts and definitions. The Galician configurations contain Galician prompts, definitions, and cloze examples.

Intended Uses

Patrimonio Instruct can be used for:

• training models to generate definitions of cultural heritage terms;
• evaluating terminology knowledge in the museum and heritage domain;
• adapting language models to specialized cultural heritage discourse;
• developing Galician resources for museum documentation and terminology;
• creating instruction-tuning data for domain-specific generation;
• testing cloze-style completion over specialized Galician definitions.

Out-of-Scope Uses

This dataset should not be treated as a complete ontology or authoritative replacement for the original thesaurus.

It should not be used as the only source for museum cataloguing, legal heritage classification, conservation decisions, or institutional documentation without consulting the original source resources and domain experts.

The cloze examples are derived automatically from definitions and should not be interpreted as manually authored examination items.

Dataset Creation

The dataset was created from cultural heritage terminology and definitions, mainly from the Tesauro de bienes culturales.

The creation process involved:

1. extracting or reusing structured terminology and definitions from the source thesaurus;
2. converting selected term-definition pairs into instruction-style definition-generation examples;
3. creating Spanish examples from the original Spanish terms and definitions;
4. creating Galician examples from translated and linguistically adapted terms and definitions;
5. generating Galician cloze-definition examples by masking relevant terms or expressions in definitions;
6. formatting the resulting examples as JSONL files.

The dataset preserves source identifiers where available, allowing examples to be traced back to the source conceptual entries.

Limitations

• The dataset is focused mainly on the Tesauro de bienes culturales and does not cover all possible museum or heritage terminology.
• Some definitions are long and may contain highly specialized domain knowledge.
• The Galician material derives from translation and linguistic adaptation and may not always correspond to independently authored Galician terminology.
• Cloze examples were generated automatically from definitions and may vary in difficulty.
• The dataset should be used as a domain-specific instruction resource, not as a complete cultural heritage knowledge base.
• Users should consult the original source resources for authoritative terminology and conceptual relations.

Usage

Example with datasets:

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset(
    "proxectonos/patrimonio_instruct",
    "gl_bensculturais_definicions",
    split="train"
)

print(ds[0])

Load the Spanish definition-generation configuration:

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset(
    "proxectonos/patrimonio_instruct",
    "es_bensculturais_definicions",
    split="train"
)

print(ds[0])

Load the Galician cloze configuration:

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset(
    "proxectonos/patrimonio_instruct",
    "gl_bensculturais_cloze",
    split="train"
)

print(ds[0])

Available configurations:

• es_bensculturais_definicions
• gl_bensculturais_definicions
• gl_bensculturais_cloze

Source, License and Reuse Conditions

The thesaurus included in the museum and cultural heritage corpus are derived from official resources published by the Spanish Ministry of Culture through the Tesauros del Patrimonio Cultural de España portal and the datos.gob.es portal, within the framework of public sector information reuse.

According to the terms of use established by the Ministry of Culture, this vocabulary is made available for free and open use, including reproduction, distribution, public communication, and transformation, provided that explicit acknowledgement is given to the authorship and provenance of the original content.

The original source of the thesaurus used is the following:

• Dictionary of Cultural Heritage Object Names
  https://datos.gob.es/gl/catalogo/e05234201-diccionario-de-denominaciones-de-bienes-culturales

This corpus constitutes a derivative work resulting from automatic extraction, cleaning, and conversion processes into JSONL format, without altering the original semantic content. All reuse of the corpus preserves attribution to the original official sources.

The structure, format, organization of the dataset, and the extraction and normalization processes applied are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), without implying institutional endorsement by the Ministry of Culture.

Acknowledgements

This work is funded by the Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública - Funded by EU – NextGenerationEU within the framework of the project Desarrollo de Modelos ALIA. Esta publicación del proyecto Desarrollo de Modelos ALIA está financiada por el Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública y por el Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia – Financiado por la Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU.