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= = = = Blue Line = = = =
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The Blue Line was the third line of the Metro to be opened , and the first to connect areas outside Delhi . Mainly elevated and partly underground , it connects Dwarka Sub City in the west with the satellite city of Noida in the east , covering a distance of 47 @.@ 4 kilometres ( 29 @.@ 5 mi ) . The first section of t... |
= = = = Green Line = = = =
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Opened in 2010 , Green Line ( Line 4 ) is the fifth line of the Delhi Metro network and the first line on standard gauge , as opposed to previous broad gauge lines . It runs between Inderlok ( station on the Red Line ) and Mundka with a branch line connecting the line 's Ashok Park Main station with Kirti Nagar statio... |
= = = = Violet Line = = = =
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The Violet Line is the most recent line of the Metro to be opened , and the second standard @-@ gauge corridor after the Green Line . The 37 km ( 23 mi ) long line connects Escorts Mujesar in Faridabad to ITO , with 22 @.@ 8 km ( 14 @.@ 2 mi ) being overhead and the rest underground . The first section between Central... |
= = = = Airport Express = = = =
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The Airport Express line runs for 22 @.@ 7 km ( 14 @.@ 1 mi ) from New Delhi Railway Station to Dwarka Sector 21 , linking the Indira Gandhi International Airport . The line was operated by Delhi Airport Metro Express Pvt. Limited ( DAMEL ) , a subsidiary of Reliance Infrastructure , the concessionaire of the line til... |
= = = Planned extensions = = =
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Delhi Metro was planned to be built in phases spread over around 20 years as with each phase having a target of five years and end of one phase marking the beginning of another . Phase I ( 65 km ) and Phase II ( 125 km ) were completed in 2006 and 2011 , respectively , and Phase III and Phase IV are scheduled for comp... |
= = = = Phase III = = = =
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The deadline for completion of Phase 3 is 2016 . Out of 2 new lines and 11 route extensions proposed for Phase III , cabinet approvals have been obtained for 2 new lines and 10 route extensions totalling 167 @.@ 27 km , with an estimated cost of ₹ 350 billion ( US $ 5 @.@ 2 billion ) . Construction has already begun o... |
Phase III will have 28 underground stations covering 41 km . More than 20 tunnel boring machines are expected to be simultaneously used during construction of Phase III . Delhi Metro is expecting a ridership of 4 million after completion of Phase III . DMRC has decided to use communication based train control ( CBTC )... |
For the first time Delhi Metro will construct ring lines in Phase III . Till Phase II , Delhi Metro focused on expanding the reach of metro and thus built long radial lines . However , in Phase III , Delhi Metro is aiming to interconnect existing lines by ring lines to improve connectivity . This will not only help in... |
= = = = Phase IV = = = =
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Phase IV has a 2021 deadline , and tentatively includes further extensions to Sonia Vihar , Burari , Mukundpur , Reola Khanpur , Palam , Najafgarh , Narela , Ghazipur , Noida sector 62 , extensions of Violet line , Green line , Line 8 , having a total length of over 100 km . There might be some changes in plan before ... |
= = Finances = =
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= = = Summary financials = = =
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The table below is based on the 2014 – 15 Annual Report .
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EBITDA stands for " Earnings before Interest Taxes Depreciation & Amortization "
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EBT stands for " Earnings Before Tax "
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Of note , Delhi Metro has been operating with a loss on an EBT basis for the past few years . EBITDA margin declined from 73 % in Fiscal 2007 to 35 % in Fiscal 2015 . That said , Debt to Equity improved from 1 @.@ 43 in FY07 to 1 @.@ 15 in FY15 .
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= = = Funding and capitalisation = = =
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DMRC is owned equally by the Delhi government and the Government of India . As of March 2015 , total debt stood at ₹ 246 billion ( US $ 3 @.@ 7 billion ) , while equity capital was ₹ 214 billion ( US $ 3 @.@ 2 billion ) . Cost of the debt is 0 % for Govt of India and Delhi government loans , and between 0 @.@ 01 % and... |
= = Operations = =
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Trains operate at a frequency of one to two minutes to five to ten minutes between 05 : 00 and 00 : 00 , depending upon the peak and off @-@ peak hours . Trains operating within the network typically travel at speed up to 50 km / h ( 31 mph ) , and stop for about 20 seconds at each station . Automated station announce... |
= = = Security = = =
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Security on the Delhi Metro is handled by the Central Industrial Security Force ( CISF ) , who have been guarding the system ever since they took over from the Delhi Police in 2007 . Closed @-@ circuit cameras are used to monitor trains and stations , and feed from these is monitored by both the CISF and Delhi Metro a... |
= = = Ticketing and recharge = = =
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For the convenience of customers , Delhi Metro commuters have three choices for ticket purchase . The RFID tokens are valid only for a single journey on the day of purchase and the value depends on the distance travelled , with fares for a single journey ranging from ₹ 8 ( 12 ¢ US ) to ₹ 30 ( 45 ¢ US ) . Fares are cal... |
= = = Problems = = =
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As the network has expanded , high ridership in new trains have led to increasing instances of overcrowding and delays on the Delhi Metro . To alleviate the problem , 8 coach trains have been introduced in Yellow line and Blue line and an increase in the frequency of trains has been proposed . Infrequent , overcrowded... |
= = = Ridership = = =
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Delhi Metro has been registering a continuous increase in ridership since its inception . When Metro services were introduced in 2002 , the average ridership was 80 @,@ 000 passengers per day . As of 2015 , daily ridership has risen to 2 @.@ 6 million , with the latest ridership record set on 28 August 2015 . On 4 Aug... |
= = Infrastructure = =
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= = = Rolling Stock = = =
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The Metro uses rolling stock of two different gauges . Phase I lines use 1 @,@ 676 mm ( 5 @.@ 499 ft ) broad gauge rolling stock , while three Phase II lines use 1 @,@ 435 mm ( 4 @.@ 708 ft ) standard gauge rolling stock . Trains are maintained at seven depots at Khyber Pass and Sultanpur for the Yellow Line , Mundka ... |
= = = = Broad gauge = = = =
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The rolling stock is manufactured by two major suppliers . For the Phase I , the rolling stock was supplied by a consortium of companies comprising Hyundai Rotem , Mitsubishi Corporation , and MELCO.The coaches have a very similar look to MTR Rotem EMU , except with only 4 doors and use sliding doors . The coaches wer... |
The rolling stock for Phase II is being supplied by Bombardier Transportation , which has received an order for 614 cars worth approximately US $ 1 @.@ 1 billion . While initial trains were made in Görlitz , Germany and Sweden , the remainder will be built at Bombardier 's factory in Savli , near Vadodara . These trai... |
= = = = Standard gauge = = = =
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The standard gauge rolling stock is manufactured by BEML at its factory in Bangalore . The trains are four @-@ car consists with a capacity of 1506 commuters per train , accommodating 50 seated and 292 standing passengers in each coach . These trains will have CCTV cameras in and outside the coaches , power supply con... |
= = = = Airport Express = = = =
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Eight 6 @-@ car trains supplied by CAF Beasain were imported from Spain . CAF held 5 % equity in the DAME project , and Reliance Infrastructure held the remaining 95 % before DMRC took over the operations . The trains on this line are of a premium standard compared to the existing metro trains and have in @-@ built no... |
= = = Signalling and Telecommunication = = =
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The Delhi Metro uses cab signalling along with a centralised automatic train control system consisting of automatic train operation , Automatic Train Protection and automatic train signalling modules . A 380 MHz digital trunked TETRA radio communication system from Motorola is used on all lines to carry both voice and... |
The Airport Express line has introduced WiFi services at all stations along the route on 13 January 2012 . Connectivity inside metro trains travelling on the route is expected in the future . The WiFi service is provided by You Broadband . A fully automated , operatorless train system has been offered to Delhi Metro b... |
= = Environmental Impact = =
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The Delhi Metro has won awards from vipul environmentally friendly practices from organisations including the United Nations , RINA , and the International Organization for Standardization , becoming the second metro in the world , after the New York City Subway , to be ISO 14001 certified for environmentally friendly... |
The Metro has been promoted as an integral part of community infrastructure , and community artwork depicting the local way of life has been put on display at stations . Students of local art colleges have also designed decorative murals at Metro stations , while pillars of the viaduct on some elevated sections have b... |
= Time Enough at Last =
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" Time Enough at Last " is episode 8 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone . The episode was adapted from a short story written by Lynn Venable ( pen name of Marilyn Venable ) . The short story appeared in the January 1953 edition of the science fiction magazine If : Worlds of Science Fiction a... |
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