query_id stringlengths 1 4 | query stringlengths 26 249 | positive_passages listlengths 1 5 | negative_passages listlengths 16 20 |
|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0-dimensional biomaterials lack inductive properties. | [
{
"docid": "31715818",
"title": "New opportunities: the use of nanotechnologies to manipulate and track stem cells.",
"text": "Nanotechnologies are emerging platforms that could be useful in measuring, understanding, and manipulating stem cells. Examples include magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots f... | [
{
"docid": "10608397",
"title": "High-performance neuroprosthetic control by an individual with tetraplegia.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Paralysis or amputation of an arm results in the loss of the ability to orient the hand and grasp, manipulate, and carry objects, functions that are essential for activities... |
2 | 1 in 5 million in UK have abnormal PrP positivity. | [
{
"docid": "13734012",
"title": "Prevalent abnormal prion protein in human appendixes after bovine spongiform encephalopathy epizootic: large scale survey",
"text": "OBJECTIVES To carry out a further survey of archived appendix samples to understand better the differences between existing estimates of t... | [
{
"docid": "18617259",
"title": "Research Letters",
"text": "We report a case of preclinical variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in a patient who died from a non-neurological disorder 5 years after receiving a blood transfusion from a donor who subsequently developed vCJD. Protease-resistant prion ... |
4 | 1-1% of colorectal cancer patients are diagnosed with regional or distant metastases. | [
{
"docid": "22942787",
"title": "Relation between Medicare screening reimbursement and stage at diagnosis for older patients with colon cancer.",
"text": "CONTEXT Medicare's reimbursement policy was changed in 1998 to provide coverage for screening colonoscopies for patients with increased colon cancer ... | [
{
"docid": "1387104",
"title": "Malignancies, prothrombotic mutations, and the risk of venous thrombosis.",
"text": "CONTEXT Venous thrombosis is a common complication in patients with cancer, leading to additional morbidity and compromising quality of life. \n OBJECTIVE To identify individuals with c... |
6 | 10% of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) deaths happen in newborns aged less than 6 months. | [
{
"docid": "2613775",
"title": "Sudden infant death syndrome.",
"text": "Despite declines in prevalence during the past two decades, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) continues to be the leading cause of death for infants aged between 1 month and 1 year in developed countries. Behavioural risk factors... | [
{
"docid": "35521287",
"title": "Cardiorespiratory adaptation during sleep in infants and children.",
"text": "The cardiorespiratory control system undergoes functional maturation after birth. Until this process is completed, the cardiorespiratory system is unstable, placing infants at risk for cardiore... |
9 | 32% of liver transplantation programs required patients to discontinue methadone treatment in 2001. | [
{
"docid": "44265107",
"title": "Liver transplantation and opioid dependence.",
"text": "ContextChronic hepatitis C is the leading cause for liver transplantation in the United States. Intravenous drug use, the major risk factor, accounts for approximately 60% of hepatitis C virus transmission. Informat... | [
{
"docid": "25182647",
"title": "Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe pregnancy-related liver disease.",
"text": "Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) and the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count (HELLP) are rare but major disorders of the third trimester of p... |
10 | 4-PBA treatment decreases endoplasmic reticulum stress in response to general endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. | [
{
"docid": "32587939",
"title": "Wolfram syndrome 1 and adenylyl cyclase 8 interact at the plasma membrane to regulate insulin production and secretion",
"text": "Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and contributes to β-cell loss and the progression of type 2 diabetes.... | [
{
"docid": "25510546",
"title": "Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to beta cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes",
"text": "Increased lipid supply causes beta cell death, which may contribute to reduced beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is ne... |
11 | 4-PBA treatment raises endoplasmic reticulum stress in response to general endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. | [
{
"docid": "32587939",
"title": "Wolfram syndrome 1 and adenylyl cyclase 8 interact at the plasma membrane to regulate insulin production and secretion",
"text": "Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and contributes to β-cell loss and the progression of type 2 diabetes.... | [
{
"docid": "25510546",
"title": "Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to beta cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes",
"text": "Increased lipid supply causes beta cell death, which may contribute to reduced beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is ne... |
12 | 40mg/day dosage of folic acid and 2mg/day dosage of vitamin B12 does not affect chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. | [
{
"docid": "33409100",
"title": "Effect of homocysteine lowering on mortality and vascular disease in advanced chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease: a randomized controlled trial.",
"text": "CONTEXT High plasma homocysteine levels are a risk factor for mortality and vascular disease in obs... | [
{
"docid": "11705328",
"title": "Randomized trial of folic acid supplementation and serum homocysteine levels.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Lowering serum homocysteine levels with folic acid is expected to reduce mortality from ischemic heart disease. Homocysteine reduction is known to be maximal at a folic ac... |
14 | 5'-nucleotidase metabolizes 6MP. | [
{
"docid": "641786",
"title": "Relapse specific mutations in NT5C2 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia",
"text": "Relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) carries a poor prognosis, despite intensive retreatment, owing to intrinsic drug resistance. The biological pathways that mediate ... | [
{
"docid": "6421792",
"title": "Activating mutations in the NT5C2 nucleotidase gene drive chemotherapy resistance in relapsed ALL",
"text": "Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematological tumor resulting from the malignant transformation of lymphoid progenitors. Despite intensive chem... |
15 | 50% of patients exposed to radiation have activated markers of mesenchymal stem cells. | [
{
"docid": "22080671",
"title": "KLF4-dependent phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells has a key role in atherosclerotic plaque pathogenesis",
"text": "Previous studies investigating the role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and macrophages in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis have provided controv... | [
{
"docid": "25238950",
"title": "FGF-2 enhances intestinal stem cell survival and its expression is induced after radiation injury.",
"text": "Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have mitogenic activity toward a wide variety of cells of mesenchymal, neuronal, and epithelial origin and regulate events in no... |
17 | 53% of perinatal mortality is due to low birth weight. | [
{
"docid": "1606628",
"title": "Estimates of global prevalence of childhood underweight in 1990 and 2015.",
"text": "CONTEXT One key target of the United Nations Millennium Development goals is to reduce the prevalence of underweight among children younger than 5 years by half between 1990 and 2015. \... | [
{
"docid": "1263446",
"title": "Determinants of neonatal mortality in Indonesia",
"text": "BACKGROUND Neonatal mortality accounts for almost 40 per cent of under-five child mortality, globally. An understanding of the factors related to neonatal mortality is important to guide the development of focused... |
18 | 61% of colorectal cancer patients are diagnosed with regional or distant metastases. | [
{
"docid": "22942787",
"title": "Relation between Medicare screening reimbursement and stage at diagnosis for older patients with colon cancer.",
"text": "CONTEXT Medicare's reimbursement policy was changed in 1998 to provide coverage for screening colonoscopies for patients with increased colon cancer ... | [
{
"docid": "10958594",
"title": "Nationwide trends in incidence, treatment and survival of colorectal cancer patients with synchronous metastases",
"text": "The aim of this study was to determine trends in incidence, treatment and survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with synchronous metastases ... |
19 | 7-day-old adult Caenorhabditis elegans exhibit approximately 5% of the learning capacity seen in 1-day old adults. | [
{
"docid": "3202143",
"title": "Insulin Signaling and Dietary Restriction Differentially Influence the Decline of Learning and Memory with Age",
"text": "Of all the age-related declines, memory loss is one of the most devastating. While conditions that increase longevity have been identified, the effect... | [
{
"docid": "21232018",
"title": "Age of ovary determines remaining life expectancy in old ovariectomized mice.",
"text": "We investigated the capacity of young ovaries, transplanted into old ovariectomized CBA mice, to improve remaining life expectancy of the hosts. Donor females were sexually mature 2-... |
20 | 7-day-old adult Caenorhabditis elegans exhibit approximately 75% of the learning capacity seen in 1-day old adults. | [
{
"docid": "3202143",
"title": "Insulin Signaling and Dietary Restriction Differentially Influence the Decline of Learning and Memory with Age",
"text": "Of all the age-related declines, memory loss is one of the most devastating. While conditions that increase longevity have been identified, the effect... | [
{
"docid": "13072113",
"title": "Neurite sprouting and synapse deterioration in the aging Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system.",
"text": "Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful model for analysis of the conserved mechanisms that modulate healthy aging. In the aging nematode nervous system, neuronal deat... |
21 | 70% of burn patients are admitted for hospitalization and further treatment after appearing at hospital emergency wards or outpatient clinics. | [
{
"docid": "41493639",
"title": "ABC of burns. Introduction.",
"text": "Burns are one of the most devastating conditions encountered in medicine. The injury represents an assault on all aspects of the patient, from the physical to the psychological. It affects all ages, from babies to elderly people, an... | [
{
"docid": "45341480",
"title": "Reduction in skin grafting after the introduction of hydrofiber dressings in partial thickness burns: a comparison between a hydrofiber and silver sulphadiazine.",
"text": "AIM/PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcome of children with scald burns tre... |
22 | 76-85% of people with severe mental disorder receive no treatment in low and middle income countries. | [
{
"docid": "6490571",
"title": "Prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys.",
"text": "CONTEXT Little is known about the extent or severity of untreated mental disorders, especially in less-developed countries. \n... | [
{
"docid": "14682243",
"title": "Dementia incidence and mortality in middle-income countries, and associations with indicators of cognitive reserve: a 10/66 Dementia Research Group population-based cohort study",
"text": "BACKGROUND Results of the few cohort studies from countries with low incomes or mi... |
24 | 90% of patients with melanoma and an objective response to PD-1 blockade will experience a progression in their melanoma. | [
{
"docid": "3471191",
"title": "Association of Pembrolizumab With Tumor Response and Survival Among Patients With Advanced Melanoma.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE The programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway limits immune responses to melanoma and can be blocked with the humanized anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody pembrol... | [
{
"docid": "4468861",
"title": "Radiation and Dual Checkpoint Blockade Activates Non-Redundant Immune Mechanisms in Cancer",
"text": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors result in impressive clinical responses, but optimal results will require combination with each other and other therapies. This raises fundam... |
25 | 90% of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) deaths happen in newborns aged less than 6 months. | [
{
"docid": "2613775",
"title": "Sudden infant death syndrome.",
"text": "Despite declines in prevalence during the past two decades, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) continues to be the leading cause of death for infants aged between 1 month and 1 year in developed countries. Behavioural risk factors... | [
{
"docid": "35521287",
"title": "Cardiorespiratory adaptation during sleep in infants and children.",
"text": "The cardiorespiratory control system undergoes functional maturation after birth. Until this process is completed, the cardiorespiratory system is unstable, placing infants at risk for cardiore... |
26 | A 100g dose of chloroquine chemoprophylactic regimen results in retinal toxicity after 1 year of weekly intake. | [
{
"docid": "32390525",
"title": "Prevention of malaria in long-term travelers.",
"text": "CONTEXT Long-term travelers, defined here as those traveling for periods of 6 months or longer, face particular challenges regarding malaria prevention. Current guidelines for malaria prevention primarily address p... | [
{
"docid": "3613041",
"title": "Therapeutic equivalence of alendronate 70 mg once-weekly and alendronate 10 mg daily in the treatment of osteoporosis. Alendronate Once-Weekly Study Group.",
"text": "Dosing convenience is a key element in the effective management of any chronic disease, and is particular... |
27 | A 100g dose of chloroquine chemoprophylactic regimen results in retinal toxicity after 5-6 years of weekly intake. | [
{
"docid": "32390525",
"title": "Prevention of malaria in long-term travelers.",
"text": "CONTEXT Long-term travelers, defined here as those traveling for periods of 6 months or longer, face particular challenges regarding malaria prevention. Current guidelines for malaria prevention primarily address p... | [
{
"docid": "79696454",
"title": "Safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of IMCgp100, a first-in-class soluble TCR-antiCD3 bispecific t cell redirector with solid tumour activity: Results from the FIH study in melanoma.",
"text": "3016Background: T cell-based bispecific agents have shown activity in hemat... |
28 | A T helper 2 cell (Th2) environment impedes disease development in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). | [
{
"docid": "12670680",
"title": "BASOPHILS AND THE T HELPER 2 ENVIRONMENT CAN PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS",
"text": "In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), self-reactive antibodies can target the kidney (lupus nephritis), leading to functional failure and possible mortality. We report tha... | [
{
"docid": "14938990",
"title": "Upregulated PD-1 Expression Is Associated with the Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, but Not the PD-1.1 Allele of the PDCD1 Gene",
"text": "Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with complicated genetic inheritance. Programmed ... |
30 | A breast cancer patient's capacity to metabolize tamoxifen influences treatment outcome. | [
{
"docid": "24341590",
"title": "Association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and outcomes among women with early stage breast cancer treated with tamoxifen.",
"text": "CONTEXT The growth inhibitory effect of tamoxifen, which is used for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, is mediated ... | [
{
"docid": "13069283",
"title": "Influence of CYP2D6 Polymorphisms on Serum Levels of Tamoxifen Metabolites in Spanish Women with Breast Cancer",
"text": "BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer tumors depend on estrogen signaling for their growth and replication and can be treated by anti-e... |
32 | A country's Vaccine Alliance (GAVI) eligibility is not indictivate of accelerated adoption of the Hub vaccine. | [
{
"docid": "12428497",
"title": "Accelerating Policy Decisions to Adopt Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccine: A Global, Multivariable Analysis",
"text": "BACKGROUND Adoption of new and underutilized vaccines by national immunization programs is an essential step towards reducing child mortality. Policy... | [
{
"docid": "33723822",
"title": "What influences government adoption of vaccines in developing countries? A policy process analysis.",
"text": "This paper proposes a framework for examining the process by which government consideration and adoption of new vaccines takes place, with specific reference to... |
34 | A deficiency of folate increases blood levels of homocysteine. | [
{
"docid": "11705328",
"title": "Randomized trial of folic acid supplementation and serum homocysteine levels.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Lowering serum homocysteine levels with folic acid is expected to reduce mortality from ischemic heart disease. Homocysteine reduction is known to be maximal at a folic ac... | [
{
"docid": "42441846",
"title": "Gene--nutrition interactions in coronary artery disease: correlation between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and folate and homocysteine status in a Korean population.",
"text": "INTRODUCTION Elevated plasma total homocysteine is a major risk for coronary artery disease (CA... |
35 | A deficiency of vitamin B12 decreases blood levels of homocysteine. | [
{
"docid": "5152028",
"title": "Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Homocysteine is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), although a causal relation remains to be proven. The imp... | [
{
"docid": "42441846",
"title": "Gene--nutrition interactions in coronary artery disease: correlation between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and folate and homocysteine status in a Korean population.",
"text": "INTRODUCTION Elevated plasma total homocysteine is a major risk for coronary artery disease (CA... |
37 | A deficiency of vitamin B6 decreases blood levels of homocysteine. | [
{
"docid": "5152028",
"title": "Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Homocysteine is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), although a causal relation remains to be proven. The imp... | [
{
"docid": "16252863",
"title": "Preventing coronary heart disease: B vitamins and homocysteine.",
"text": "The list of preventable and reversible risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease continues to grow. Cigarette smoking, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, elevated cholesterol,... |
39 | A diminished ovarian reserve does not solely indicate infertility in an a priori non-infertile population. | [
{
"docid": "13497630",
"title": "Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Women of Reproductive Age",
"text": "Importance Despite lack of evidence of their utility, biomarkers of ovarian reserve are being promoted as potential markers of reproductive potential. Objec... | [
{
"docid": "11109043",
"title": "Cost-effectiveness of aromatase inhibitor co-treatment for controlled ovarian stimulation.",
"text": "BACKGROUND To compare the clinical results and the cost-effectiveness of using the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, in conjunction with FSH and FSH alone for controlled o... |
40 | A diminished ovarian reserve is a very strong indicator of infertility, even in an a priori non-infertile population. | [
{
"docid": "13497630",
"title": "Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Women of Reproductive Age",
"text": "Importance Despite lack of evidence of their utility, biomarkers of ovarian reserve are being promoted as potential markers of reproductive potential. Objec... | [
{
"docid": "11109043",
"title": "Cost-effectiveness of aromatase inhibitor co-treatment for controlled ovarian stimulation.",
"text": "BACKGROUND To compare the clinical results and the cost-effectiveness of using the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, in conjunction with FSH and FSH alone for controlled o... |
41 | A high microerythrocyte count protects against severe anemia in homozygous alpha (+)- thalassemia trait subjects. | [
{
"docid": "18174210",
"title": "Increased Microerythrocyte Count in Homozygous α+-Thalassaemia Contributes to Protection against Severe Malarial Anaemia",
"text": "BACKGROUND The heritable haemoglobinopathy alpha(+)-thalassaemia is caused by the reduced synthesis of alpha-globin chains that form part o... | [
{
"docid": "40913091",
"title": "GENOTYPING OF THALASSEMIA IN MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA PATIENTS FROM SOUTHWEST REGION OF IRAN",
"text": "Objective: To evaluate the frequency of α -gene, s-gene, and hemoglobin variant numbers in subjects with Microcytic hypochromic anemia. Methodology: In total out ... |
43 | A low percentage of hematopoietic progenitor cells are susceptible to HIV-1 infection ex vivo. | [
{
"docid": "7224723",
"title": "HIV–1 Infects Multipotent Progenitor Cells Causing Cell Death and Establishing Latent Cellular Reservoirs",
"text": "HIV causes a chronic infection characterized by depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes and the development of opportunistic infections. Despite drugs that inhib... | [
{
"docid": "5398179",
"title": "Germinal Center T Follicular Helper Cells Are Highly Permissive to HIV-1 and Alter Their Phenotype during Virus Replication.",
"text": "HIV-1 replication is concentrated within CD4(+) T cells in B cell follicles of secondary lymphoid tissues during asymptomatic disease. L... |
44 | A mutation in HNF4A leads to an increased risk of developing diabetes by the age of 14 years. | [
{
"docid": "56893404",
"title": "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene",
"text": "Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increase... | [
{
"docid": "24704139",
"title": "The Diabetes Prevention Program: baseline characteristics of the randomized cohort. The Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is a 27-center randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety and eff... |
45 | A mutation in HNF4A leads to an increased risk of diabetes by the age of 14 years. | [
{
"docid": "56893404",
"title": "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene",
"text": "Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increase... | [
{
"docid": "7552215",
"title": "Long term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight: updated meta-analysis.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To summarise the long term efficacy of anti-obesity drugs in reducing weight and improving health status. \n DESIGN Updated meta-analysis of randomised trials. \n DATA SO... |
46 | A single nucleotide variant the gene DGKK is strongly associated with increased risk of hypospadias. | [
{
"docid": "380526",
"title": "Common variants in DGKK are strongly associated with risk of hypospadias",
"text": "Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. We performed a genome-wide association study using pooled DNA from 436 individuals with hypospadias (cases) a... | [
{
"docid": "3868322",
"title": "Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Polymorphisms Affect mRNA Splicing, HDL Levels, and Sex-Dependent Cardiovascular Risk",
"text": "Polymorphisms in and around the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) gene have been associated with HDL levels, risk for coronar... |
47 | A strong bias in the phage genome locations where the spacers were derived has been observed in many CRISPR subtypes that confer the immunity to phage. | [
{
"docid": "3512154",
"title": "CRISPR adaptation biases explain preference for acquisition of foreign DNA",
"text": "CRISPR-Cas (clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats coupled with CRISPR-associated proteins) is a bacterial immunity system that protects against invading phages or pl... | [
{
"docid": "11336632",
"title": "CRISPR Interference Limits Horizontal Gene Transfer in Staphylococci by Targeting DNA",
"text": "Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in bacteria and archaea occurs through phage transduction, transformation, or conjugation, and the latter is particularly important for the spr... |
52 | ALDH1 expression is associated with poorer prognosis for breast cancer primary tumors. | [
{
"docid": "45638119",
"title": "ALDH1 is a marker of normal and malignant human mammary stem cells and a predictor of poor clinical outcome.",
"text": "Application of stem cell biology to breast cancer research has been limited by the lack of simple methods for identification and isolation of normal an... | [
{
"docid": "7821634",
"title": "Profiling of residual breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies DUSP4 deficiency as a mechanism of drug resistance",
"text": "Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) induces a pathological complete response (pCR) in ∼30% of patients with breast cancer. However, many... |
55 | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation reduces inflammation-related fibrosis in the lungs. | [
{
"docid": "49556906",
"title": "Metformin reverses established lung fibrosis in a bleomycin model",
"text": "Fibrosis is a pathological result of a dysfunctional repair response to tissue injury and occurs in a number of organs, including the lungs1. Cellular metabolism regulates tissue repair and remo... | [
{
"docid": "3419709",
"title": "Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: role of AMPK.",
"text": "Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing worldwide epidemic and an important risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a... |
58 | APOE4 expression in iPSC-derived neurons results in decreased tau phosphorylation. | [
{
"docid": "4709641",
"title": "Gain of toxic Apolipoprotein E4 effects in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons Is Ameliorated by a Small-Molecule Structure Corrector",
"text": "Efforts to develop drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown promise in animal studies, only to fail in human trials, suggesting a p... | [
{
"docid": "4459491",
"title": "A three-dimensional human neural cell culture model of Alzheimer’s disease",
"text": "Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by two pathological hallmarks: amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer’s... |
60 | ART has no effect on the infectiveness of HIV-positive people. | [
{
"docid": "13899137",
"title": "HIV Treatment as Prevention: Systematic Comparison of Mathematical Models of the Potential Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV Incidence in South Africa",
"text": "BACKGROUND Many mathematical models have investigated the impact of expanding access to antiretroviral ... | [
{
"docid": "374902",
"title": "Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical model.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Roughly 3 million people worldwide were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the end of 2007, but an es... |
61 | ART substantially reduces infectiveness of HIV-positive people. | [
{
"docid": "13899137",
"title": "HIV Treatment as Prevention: Systematic Comparison of Mathematical Models of the Potential Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV Incidence in South Africa",
"text": "BACKGROUND Many mathematical models have investigated the impact of expanding access to antiretroviral ... | [
{
"docid": "374902",
"title": "Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical model.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Roughly 3 million people worldwide were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the end of 2007, but an es... |
62 | ATF4 is a general endoplasmic reticulum stress marker. | [
{
"docid": "32587939",
"title": "Wolfram syndrome 1 and adenylyl cyclase 8 interact at the plasma membrane to regulate insulin production and secretion",
"text": "Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and contributes to β-cell loss and the progression of type 2 diabetes.... | [
{
"docid": "25510546",
"title": "Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to beta cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes",
"text": "Increased lipid supply causes beta cell death, which may contribute to reduced beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is ne... |
63 | ATM and Rad3 related protein are critical for sensing DNA damage. | [
{
"docid": "40349336",
"title": "Deletion of the developmentally essential gene ATR in adult mice leads to age-related phenotypes and stem cell loss.",
"text": "Developmental abnormalities, cancer, and premature aging each have been linked to defects in the DNA damage response (DDR). Mutations in the AT... | [
{
"docid": "12909503",
"title": "Distinct roles for DNA-PK, ATM and ATR in RPA phosphorylation and checkpoint activation in response to replication stress",
"text": "DNA damage encountered by DNA replication forks poses risks of genome destabilization, a precursor to carcinogenesis. Damage checkpoint sy... |
64 | ATM and Rad3 related protein have no role in sensing DNA damage. | [
{
"docid": "40349336",
"title": "Deletion of the developmentally essential gene ATR in adult mice leads to age-related phenotypes and stem cell loss.",
"text": "Developmental abnormalities, cancer, and premature aging each have been linked to defects in the DNA damage response (DDR). Mutations in the AT... | [
{
"docid": "12909503",
"title": "Distinct roles for DNA-PK, ATM and ATR in RPA phosphorylation and checkpoint activation in response to replication stress",
"text": "DNA damage encountered by DNA replication forks poses risks of genome destabilization, a precursor to carcinogenesis. Damage checkpoint sy... |
66 | AZT given with ribavirin increases anemia. | [
{
"docid": "14806256",
"title": "Hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus and the role of hepatitis C or B virus infection.",
"text": "CONTEXT Use of antiretroviral drugs, including protease inhibitors, for treatment of human immunodefici... | [
{
"docid": "39443128",
"title": "Interferon alpha and zidovudine therapy in adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma: response and outcome in 15 patients.",
"text": "Adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive disease caused by the human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-I) with a short survival. Response... |
67 | Activated Cdk5 phosphorylates the ATM protein in response to DNA damage. | [
{
"docid": "21295300",
"title": "Phosphorylation of ATM by Cdk5 mediates DNA damage signaling and regulates neuronal death",
"text": "The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like kinase ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) has a central role in coordinating DNA damage responses, including cell-cycle checkpoint... | [
{
"docid": "12909503",
"title": "Distinct roles for DNA-PK, ATM and ATR in RPA phosphorylation and checkpoint activation in response to replication stress",
"text": "DNA damage encountered by DNA replication forks poses risks of genome destabilization, a precursor to carcinogenesis. Damage checkpoint sy... |
68 | Activated Cdk5 regulates DNA damage-induced neuronal death. | [
{
"docid": "21295300",
"title": "Phosphorylation of ATM by Cdk5 mediates DNA damage signaling and regulates neuronal death",
"text": "The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like kinase ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) has a central role in coordinating DNA damage responses, including cell-cycle checkpoint... | [
{
"docid": "29422484",
"title": "Phosphorylation of p35 and p39 by Cdk5 determines the subcellular location of the holokinase in a phosphorylation-site-specific manner.",
"text": "Cdk5 is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) family, which is activated by neuronal activators p35 or p39. Cdk5 reg... |
69 | Activation of PPM1D enhances p53 function. | [
{
"docid": "5956380",
"title": "Exome sequencing identifies somatic gain-of-function PPM1D mutations in brainstem gliomas",
"text": "Gliomas arising in the brainstem and thalamus are devastating tumors that are difficult to surgically resect. To determine the genetic and epigenetic landscape of these tu... | [
{
"docid": "23985464",
"title": "Modulation of cellular and viral promoters by mutant human p53 proteins found in tumor cells.",
"text": "Wild-type p53 has recently been shown to repress transcription from several cellular and viral promoters. Since p53 mutations are the most frequently reported genetic... |
71 | Activation of the Rac1 homolog CED-10 kills viable cells in SRGP-1 mutant Caenorhabditis elegans. | [
{
"docid": "1127562",
"title": "Loss of the RhoGAP SRGP-1 promotes the clearance of dead and injured cells in Caenorhabditis elegans",
"text": "Multicellular animals rapidly clear dying cells from their bodies. Many of the pathways that mediate this cell removal are conserved through evolution. Here, we... | [
{
"docid": "22362025",
"title": "Requirement for the ERI/DICER complex in endogenous RNA interference and sperm development in Caenorhabditis elegans.",
"text": "Small regulatory RNAs are key regulators of gene expression. One class of small regulatory RNAs, termed the endogenous small interfering RNAs ... |
73 | Activator-inhibitor pairs are provided ventrally by Xrl-sizzled. | [
{
"docid": "6076903",
"title": "Regulation of ADMP and BMP2/4/7 at Opposite Embryonic Poles Generates a Self-Regulating Morphogenetic Field",
"text": "Embryos have the ability to self-regulate and regenerate normal structures after being sectioned in half. How is such a morphogenetic field established? ... | [
{
"docid": "1031534",
"title": "Scaling of Dorsal-Ventral Patterning by Embryo Size-Dependent Degradation of Spemann’s Organizer Signals",
"text": "Spemann's organizer plays a key role in dorsal-ventral (DV) patterning in the amphibian embryo by secreting diffusible proteins such as Chordin, an antagoni... |
74 | Active H. pylori urease has a polymeric structure consisting of five distinct subunits. | [
{
"docid": "4387784",
"title": "Structure of the proton-gated urea channel from the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori",
"text": "Half the world's population is chronically infected with Helicobacter pylori, causing gastritis, gastric ulcers and an increased incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma. Its pr... | [
{
"docid": "13965483",
"title": "Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the epitope vaccine CTB-UA against Helicobacter pylori infection in a BALB/c mice model",
"text": "Epitope vaccine based on the enzyme urease of Helicobacter pylori is a promising option for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinatio... |
76 | Active Ly49Q induces neutrophil polarization. | [
{
"docid": "5531479",
"title": "The Ly49Q receptor plays a crucial role in neutrophil polarization and migration by regulating raft trafficking.",
"text": "Neutrophils rapidly undergo polarization and directional movement to infiltrate the sites of infection and inflammation. Here, we show that an inhib... | [
{
"docid": "52925737",
"title": "Tumor-derived exosomes induce N2 polarization of neutrophils to promote gastric cancer cell migration",
"text": "BACKGROUND Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate cellular communication in health and diseases. Neutrophils could be polarized to a pro-tumor pheno... |
77 | Active Ly49Q prevents neutrophil polarization. | [
{
"docid": "5531479",
"title": "The Ly49Q receptor plays a crucial role in neutrophil polarization and migration by regulating raft trafficking.",
"text": "Neutrophils rapidly undergo polarization and directional movement to infiltrate the sites of infection and inflammation. Here, we show that an inhib... | [
{
"docid": "52925737",
"title": "Tumor-derived exosomes induce N2 polarization of neutrophils to promote gastric cancer cell migration",
"text": "BACKGROUND Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate cellular communication in health and diseases. Neutrophils could be polarized to a pro-tumor pheno... |
78 | Active caspase-11 participate in regulating phagosome-lysosome fusion. | [
{
"docid": "5099266",
"title": "Caspase-11 promotes the fusion of phagosomes harboring pathogenic bacteria with lysosomes by modulating actin polymerization.",
"text": "Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that include members of the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing) fam... | [
{
"docid": "38043606",
"title": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the environment within the phagosome.",
"text": "Once across the barrier of the epithelium, macrophages constitute the primary defense against microbial invasion. For most microbes, the acidic, hydrolytically competent environment of the ph... |
79 | Active caspase-11 protein promotes pyroptosis. | [
{
"docid": "5099266",
"title": "Caspase-11 promotes the fusion of phagosomes harboring pathogenic bacteria with lysosomes by modulating actin polymerization.",
"text": "Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that include members of the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing) fam... | [
{
"docid": "4407455",
"title": "Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death",
"text": "Inflammatory caspases (caspase-1, -4, -5 and -11) are critical for innate defences. Caspase-1 is activated by ligands of various canonical inflammasomes, and caspase-4, -5 and -11 direc... |
80 | Acute ablation of KRAS causes severe growth impairment. | [
{
"docid": "4920376",
"title": "Long-Term ERK Inhibition in KRAS-Mutant Pancreatic Cancer Is Associated with MYC Degradation and Senescence-like Growth Suppression.",
"text": "Induction of compensatory mechanisms and ERK reactivation has limited the effectiveness of Raf and MEK inhibitors in RAS-mutant ... | [
{
"docid": "24190159",
"title": "Mutated KRAS results in overexpression of DUSP4, a MAP-kinase phosphatase, and SMYD3, a histone methyltransferase, in rectal carcinomas.",
"text": "Mutations of the KRAS oncogene are predictive for resistance to treatment with antibodies against the epithelial growth fac... |
81 | Acute ablation of Snail in the embryonic cortex affects the proliferation and number of embryonic cortical precursors. | [
{
"docid": "1797622",
"title": "Control of Apoptosis by Asymmetric Cell Division",
"text": "Asymmetric cell division and apoptosis (programmed cell death) are two fundamental processes that are important for the development and function of multicellular organisms. We have found that the processes of asy... | [
{
"docid": "38919140",
"title": "Snail coordinately regulates downstream pathways to control multiple aspects of mammalian neural precursor development.",
"text": "The Snail transcription factor plays a key role in regulating diverse developmental processes but is not thought to play a role in mammalian... |
82 | Addition of BMP4, activin A, CHIR99021, and SU504 to reprogramming fibroblasts generates, expands and maintains cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) | [
{
"docid": "3619372",
"title": "Expandable Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells Reprogrammed from Fibroblasts.",
"text": "Stem cell-based approaches to cardiac regeneration are increasingly viable strategies for treating heart failure. Generating abundant and functional autologous cells for transplantation i... | [
{
"docid": "21387297",
"title": "Production of de novo cardiomyocytes: human pluripotent stem cell differentiation and direct reprogramming.",
"text": "Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. The limited capability of heart tissue to regenerate has prompted methodological developme... |
85 | Adult tissue-resident macrophages are seeded before birth. | [
{
"docid": "7521113",
"title": "Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis.",
"text": "Mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, contribute to tissue integrity as well as to innate and adaptive immune defense. Emer... | [
{
"docid": "2604063",
"title": "The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life",
"text": "The intestinal microbiota has become a relevant aspect of human health. Microbial colonization runs in parallel with immune system maturation and plays a role in intestinal ph... |
86 | Adult tissue-resident macrophages are seeded before birth. | [
{
"docid": "7521113",
"title": "Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis.",
"text": "Mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, contribute to tissue integrity as well as to innate and adaptive immune defense. Emer... | [
{
"docid": "2604063",
"title": "The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life",
"text": "The intestinal microbiota has become a relevant aspect of human health. Microbial colonization runs in parallel with immune system maturation and plays a role in intestinal ph... |
88 | Adult tissue-resident macrophages possess a self-renewing capacity. | [
{
"docid": "7521113",
"title": "Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis.",
"text": "Mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, contribute to tissue integrity as well as to innate and adaptive immune defense. Emer... | [
{
"docid": "12827098",
"title": "Tissue-resident macrophages self-maintain locally throughout adult life with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes.",
"text": "Despite accumulating evidence suggesting local self-maintenance of tissue macrophages in the steady state, the dogma remains that tiss... |
89 | Adult tissue-resident macrophages stem from the embryonal yolk sac and fetal liver. | [
{
"docid": "7521113",
"title": "Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis.",
"text": "Mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, contribute to tissue integrity as well as to innate and adaptive immune defense. Emer... | [
{
"docid": "4254064",
"title": "Para-aortic splanchnopleura from early mouse embryos contains B1a cell progenitors",
"text": "DEFINITIVE erythropoiesis in birds originates from stem cells that emerge in the splanchnopleural mesoderm near the embryonic aorta1–4. The yolk sac is still generally held to be... |
90 | Adult tissue-resident macrophages stem from the embryonal yolk sac and fetal liver. | [
{
"docid": "22406695",
"title": "Origin and functions of tissue macrophages.",
"text": "Macrophages are distributed in tissues throughout the body and contribute to both homeostasis and disease. Recently, it has become evident that most adult tissue macrophages originate during embryonic development and... | [
{
"docid": "4254064",
"title": "Para-aortic splanchnopleura from early mouse embryos contains B1a cell progenitors",
"text": "DEFINITIVE erythropoiesis in birds originates from stem cells that emerge in the splanchnopleural mesoderm near the embryonic aorta1–4. The yolk sac is still generally held to be... |
91 | Aged patients are less susceptible to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. | [
{
"docid": "1084345",
"title": "Restoration of chaperone-mediated autophagy in aging liver improves cellular maintenance and hepatic function",
"text": "Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective mechanism for degradation of cytosolic proteins in lysosomes, contributes to the removal of altered pro... | [
{
"docid": "13000926",
"title": "The role of free radicals in cold injuries.",
"text": "Cold injury is a tissue trauma produced by exposure to freezing temperatures and even brief exposure to a severely cold and windy environment. Rewarming of frozen tissue is associated with blood reperfusion and the s... |
92 | Aged patients are more susceptible to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. | [
{
"docid": "1084345",
"title": "Restoration of chaperone-mediated autophagy in aging liver improves cellular maintenance and hepatic function",
"text": "Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective mechanism for degradation of cytosolic proteins in lysosomes, contributes to the removal of altered pro... | [
{
"docid": "13000926",
"title": "The role of free radicals in cold injuries.",
"text": "Cold injury is a tissue trauma produced by exposure to freezing temperatures and even brief exposure to a severely cold and windy environment. Rewarming of frozen tissue is associated with blood reperfusion and the s... |
93 | Aggravated inflammation is dependent on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. | [
{
"docid": "2692522",
"title": "Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome",
"text": "Development of the acute and chronic inflammatory responses known as gout and pseudogout are associated with the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) cr... | [
{
"docid": "4399311",
"title": "A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation",
"text": "An inflammatory response initiated by the NLRP3 inflammasome is triggered by a variety of situations of host ‘danger’, including infection and metabolic dysregulation. Previous studies suggested that NLRP... |
95 | Albendazole is used to treat soil-transmitted helminths. | [
{
"docid": "1215116",
"title": "“Rapid-Impact Interventions”: How a Policy of Integrated Control for Africa's Neglected Tropical Diseases Could Benefit the Poor",
"text": "Over the past two decades there have been significant achievements in the control of a handful of important human tropical infection... | [
{
"docid": "13966946",
"title": "Spatial co-distribution of neglected tropical diseases in the east African great lakes region: revisiting the justification for integrated control.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To determine spatial patterns of co-endemicity of schistosomiasis mansoni and the soil-transmitted hel... |
96 | Algerian physicians constitue the largest component of sub-Saharan Africa-trained physicians in the United States. | [
{
"docid": "14500725",
"title": "Physician Emigration from Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States: Analysis of the 2011 AMA Physician Masterfile",
"text": "BACKGROUND The large-scale emigration of physicians from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to high-income nations is a serious development concern. Our obje... | [
{
"docid": "3662510",
"title": "The financial cost of doctors emigrating from sub-Saharan Africa: human capital analysis",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To estimate the lost investment of domestically educated doctors migrating from sub-Saharan African countries to Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the Un... |
98 | Alirocumab treatment reduces apo(a) fractional clearance rate. | [
{
"docid": "6540064",
"title": "Effects of PCSK9 Inhibition With Alirocumab on Lipoprotein Metabolism in Healthy Humans",
"text": "BACKGROUND Alirocumab, a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), lowers plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipopro... | [
{
"docid": "37205759",
"title": "Obesity occurring in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice has mild effects on fertility.",
"text": "The Apolipoprotein (Apo) family is implicated in lipid metabolism. There are five types of Apo: Apoa, Apob, Apoc, Apod, and Apoe. Apoe has been demonstrated to play a central ro... |
104 | Allogeneic mechanical circulatory support is not as effective as autologous mechanical circulatory support for treating acute myocardial infarction. | [
{
"docid": "40164383",
"title": "Comparison of allogeneic vs autologous bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells delivered by transendocardial injection in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: the POSEIDON randomized trial.",
"text": "CONTEXT Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are under evaluation as a t... | [
{
"docid": "24097933",
"title": "Failure of continuous venovenous hemofiltration to prevent death in paraquat poisoning.",
"text": "Paraquat poisoning is characterized by multiorgan failure and pulmonary fibrosis with respiratory failure. Multiorgan failure with circulatory collapse is a major cause of ... |
105 | Alteration of origin firing causes changes in termination zones of Okazaki fragments. | [
{
"docid": "36606083",
"title": "Quantitative, genome-wide analysis of eukaryotic replication initiation and termination.",
"text": "Many fundamental aspects of DNA replication, such as the exact locations where DNA synthesis is initiated and terminated, how frequently origins are used, and how fork pro... | [
{
"docid": "25787749",
"title": "G-quadruplexes significantly stimulate Pif1 helicase-catalyzed duplex DNA unwinding.",
"text": "The evolutionarily conserved G-quadruplexes (G4s) are faithfully inherited and serve a variety of cellular functions such as telomere maintenance, gene regulation, DNA replica... |
106 | Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is inaccurate at diagnosing hypertension. | [
{
"docid": "25515907",
"title": "Relative effectiveness of clinic and home blood pressure monitoring compared with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in diagnosis of hypertension: systematic review",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To determine the relative accuracy of clinic measurements and home blood pressure m... | [
{
"docid": "45447613",
"title": "Effect of losartan on ambulatory short-term blood pressure variability and cardiovascular remodeling in hypertensive patients on hemodialysis.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown increases in ambulatory short-term blood pressure (BP) variability to be relate... |
108 | Amitriptyline is an effective treatment for chronic tension-type headaches. | [
{
"docid": "6191684",
"title": "Management of chronic tension-type headache with tricyclic antidepressant medication, stress management therapy, and their combination: a randomized controlled trial.",
"text": "CONTEXT Chronic tension-type headaches are characterized by near-daily headaches and often are... | [
{
"docid": "24865781",
"title": "A comparison of pharmacological (amitriptyline HCL) and nonpharmacological (cognitive-behavioral) therapies for chronic tension headaches.",
"text": "Forty-one recurrent tension headache sufferers were randomly assigned to either cognitive-behavioral therapy (administere... |
109 | An M2-like phenotype in brown adipose tissue macrophages is quickly induced by cold exposure. | [
{
"docid": "4319174",
"title": "Alternatively activated macrophages produce catecholamines to sustain adaptive thermogenesis",
"text": "All homeotherms use thermogenesis to maintain their core body temperature, ensuring that cellular functions and physiological processes can continue in cold environment... | [
{
"docid": "29381091",
"title": "Brown and white adipose tissues: intrinsic differences in gene expression and response to cold exposure in mice",
"text": "Brown adipocytes dissipate energy, whereas white adipocytes are an energy storage site. We explored the plasticity of different white adipose tissue... |
111 | Androgenetic haploid mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be derived and genetically manipulated in vitro. | [
{
"docid": "13513790",
"title": "Generation of Genetically Modified Mice by Oocyte Injection of Androgenetic Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells",
"text": "Haploid cells are amenable for genetic analysis. Recent success in the derivation of mouse haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) via parthenogenesis has en... | [
{
"docid": "7581911",
"title": "Human embryonic stem cells with biological and epigenetic characteristics similar to those of mouse ESCs.",
"text": "Human and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from blastocyst-stage embryos but have very different biological properties, and molecular analyses... |
112 | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are associated with decreased risk for functional renal insufficiency. | [
{
"docid": "6157837",
"title": "Renal considerations in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease and the Council for High Blood Pressure Research of the American Heart Association.",
"text": "Angiot... | [
{
"docid": "1759213",
"title": "The effect of combination treatment with aliskiren and blockers of the renin-angiotensin system on hyperkalaemia and acute kidney injury: systematic review and meta-analysis",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To examine the safety of using aliskiren combined with agents used to block t... |
114 | Anthrax spores are very difficult to dispose once they are dispersed. | [
{
"docid": "33872649",
"title": "Secondary aerosolization of viable Bacillus anthracis spores in a contaminated US Senate Office.",
"text": "CONTEXT Bioterrorist attacks involving letters and mail-handling systems in Washington, DC, resulted in Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spore contamination in the Har... | [
{
"docid": "15194125",
"title": "Reproducibility and automatic measurement of QT dispersion.",
"text": "This study investigated interobserver (two observers) and intrasubject (two measurements) reproducibility of QT dispersion from abnormal electrocardiograms in patients with previous myocardial infarct... |
116 | Anthrax spores remain deadly until affected areas are decontaminated. | [
{
"docid": "33872649",
"title": "Secondary aerosolization of viable Bacillus anthracis spores in a contaminated US Senate Office.",
"text": "CONTEXT Bioterrorist attacks involving letters and mail-handling systems in Washington, DC, resulted in Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spore contamination in the Har... | [
{
"docid": "2140513",
"title": "Pleiotropy as a mechanism to stabilize cooperation",
"text": "Most genes affect many traits. This phenomenon, known as pleiotropy, is a major constraint on evolution because adaptive change in one trait may be prevented because it would compromise other traits affected by... |
119 | Antidepressants increase the severity of migraines. | [
{
"docid": "14606752",
"title": "Tricyclic antidepressants and headaches: systematic review and meta-analysis",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and relative adverse effects of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of migraine, tension-type, and mixed headaches. \n DESIGN Meta-analysis... | [
{
"docid": "5691302",
"title": "Antidepressant use and risk of adverse outcomes in older people: population based cohort study",
"text": "OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between antidepressant treatment and risk of several potential adverse outcomes in older people with depression and to exami... |
120 | Antidepressants reduce the severity of migraines. | [
{
"docid": "14606752",
"title": "Tricyclic antidepressants and headaches: systematic review and meta-analysis",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and relative adverse effects of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of migraine, tension-type, and mixed headaches. \n DESIGN Meta-analysis... | [
{
"docid": "22995579",
"title": "Amitriptyline is effective in chronic but not in episodic tension-type headache: pathogenetic implications.",
"text": "The tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, is an effective drug for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache and for other chronic pain syndrome... |
121 | Antimicrobial agents are less effective due to the pressure of antimicrobial usage. | [
{
"docid": "31460499",
"title": "Resistance to antimicrobials in humans and animals.",
"text": "Overusing antibiotics is not the only cause and reducing use is not the only solution W arning signs of antimicrobial resistance, chinks in the antimicrobial armour, began to appear in the middle of the las... | [
{
"docid": "24157077",
"title": "Cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptides.",
"text": "Members of the cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptide family are widely distributed in nature, existing in organisms from insects to plants to mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. Although many demonstra... |
122 | Antimicrobial agents are more effective due to the pressure of antimicrobial usage. | [
{
"docid": "31460499",
"title": "Resistance to antimicrobials in humans and animals.",
"text": "Overusing antibiotics is not the only cause and reducing use is not the only solution W arning signs of antimicrobial resistance, chinks in the antimicrobial armour, began to appear in the middle of the las... | [
{
"docid": "24157077",
"title": "Cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptides.",
"text": "Members of the cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptide family are widely distributed in nature, existing in organisms from insects to plants to mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. Although many demonstra... |
123 | Antiretroviral therapy increases rates of tuberculosis across a broad range of CD4 strata. | [
{
"docid": "4883040",
"title": "Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention of Tuberculosis in Adults with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis",
"text": "BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is the strongest risk factor for developing tuberculosis and has fuelled its resurgence, espe... | [
{
"docid": "7111021",
"title": "Integration of antiretroviral therapy with tuberculosis treatment.",
"text": "BACKGROUND We previously reported that integrating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with tuberculosis treatment reduces mortality. However, the timing for the initiation of ART during tuberculosis t... |
126 | Approximately 250,000 people are infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in the United Kingdom. | [
{
"docid": "24512064",
"title": "HTLV-I/II associated disease in England and Wales, 1993-7: retrospective review of serology requests.",
"text": "Apart from HIV two exogenous retroviruses (human T cell leukaemia viruses type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II)) infect humans. HTLV-I infection is endemic in... | [
{
"docid": "27063470",
"title": "Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United Kingdom: analysis of epidemiological surveillance data for 1970-96.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To identify changes in the occurrence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that might be related to the epidemic of bovine spongiform encepha... |
134 | Assessing treatment adherence is more beneficial to clinical practice than measuring routine outcomes. | [
{
"docid": "4695046",
"title": "Anxiety",
"text": "OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of routinely administered psychiatric questionnaires on the recognition, management, and outcome of psychiatric disorders in non-psychiatric settings. \n DATA SOURCES Embase, Medline, PsycLIT, Cinahl, Cochrane Controll... | [
{
"docid": "5824985",
"title": "Bariatric Surgery in the United Kingdom: A Cohort Study of Weight Loss and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Clinical Care.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is becoming a more widespread treatment for obesity. Comprehensive evidence of the long-term effects of contempor... |
138 | Asymptomatic visual impairment screening in elderly populations leads to improved vision. | [
{
"docid": "26016929",
"title": "Effectiveness of screening older people for impaired vision in community setting: systematic review of evidence from randomised controlled trials.",
"text": "OBJECTIVE To assess whether population screening for impaired vision among older people in the community leads to... | [
{
"docid": "21914176",
"title": "Economic impact of primary open-angle glaucoma in Australia.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Glaucoma is the World's leading cause of irreversible blindness, and poses serious public health and economic concerns. \n DESIGN Review. SAMPLES Published randomized trials and pop... |
139 | At least 85% of patients exposed to radiation have activated markers of myofibroblasts. | [
{
"docid": "22080671",
"title": "KLF4-dependent phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells has a key role in atherosclerotic plaque pathogenesis",
"text": "Previous studies investigating the role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and macrophages in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis have provided controv... | [
{
"docid": "31293581",
"title": "Ionizing radiation-induced long-term expression of senescence markers in mice is independent of p53 and immune status.",
"text": "Exposure to IR has been shown to induce the formation of senescence markers, a phenotype that coincides with lifelong delayed repair and rege... |
144 | Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells has better graft function than induction therapy with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies. | [
{
"docid": "10582939",
"title": "Induction therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells in living-related kidney transplants: a randomized controlled trial.",
"text": "CONTEXT Antibody-based induction therapy plus calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) reduce acute rejection rates in kidney recipients; however... | [
{
"docid": "40164383",
"title": "Comparison of allogeneic vs autologous bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells delivered by transendocardial injection in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: the POSEIDON randomized trial.",
"text": "CONTEXT Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are under evaluation as a t... |
149 | Autophagy deficiency in the liver increases vulnerability to insulin resistance. | [
{
"docid": "6227220",
"title": "Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine",
"text": "Despite growing interest and a recent surge in papers, the role of autophagy in glucose and lipid metabolism is unclear. We produced mice with skeletal ... | [
{
"docid": "10463997",
"title": "Defective regulation of adipose tissue autophagy in obesity",
"text": "Objectives: Autophagy is a highly regulated process that has an important role in the control of a wide range of cellular functions, such as organelle recycling, nutrient availability and tissue diffe... |
152 | B cells go though plasmablast differentiation and antibody production by continuous expression of EBI2. | [
{
"docid": "15488881",
"title": "Guidance of B cells by the orphan G protein-coupled receptor EBI2 shapes humoral immune responses.",
"text": "Humoral immunity depends on both rapid and long-term antibody production against invading pathogens. This is achieved by the generation of spatially distinct ext... | [
{
"docid": "38587347",
"title": "Finding the right niche: B-cell migration in the early phases of T-dependent antibody responses.",
"text": "Humoral immune responses depend on B cells encountering antigen, interacting with helper T cells, proliferating and differentiating into low-affinity plasma cells ... |
153 | B3-Galectin decreases cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) by engaging the alternate KRAS-RalB signaling complex downstream of EGFR. | [
{
"docid": "4702639",
"title": "An integrin β3–KRAS–RalB complex drives tumour stemness and resistance to EGFR inhibition",
"text": "Tumour cells, with stem-like properties, are highly aggressive and often show drug resistance. Here, we reveal that integrin αvβ3 serves as a marker of breast, lung and pa... | [
{
"docid": "17462437",
"title": "Prognostic and Predictive Value of KRAS Mutations in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer",
"text": "Clinical implications of KRAS mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer remain unclear. We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic and predictive value of KRAS mut... |
154 | B3-Galectin increases cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) by engaging the alternate KRAS-RalB signaling complex downstream of EGFR. | [
{
"docid": "4702639",
"title": "An integrin β3–KRAS–RalB complex drives tumour stemness and resistance to EGFR inhibition",
"text": "Tumour cells, with stem-like properties, are highly aggressive and often show drug resistance. Here, we reveal that integrin αvβ3 serves as a marker of breast, lung and pa... | [
{
"docid": "17462437",
"title": "Prognostic and Predictive Value of KRAS Mutations in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer",
"text": "Clinical implications of KRAS mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer remain unclear. We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic and predictive value of KRAS mut... |
155 | BCL-2 activation antagonizes the apoptotic effects of c-Myc. | [
{
"docid": "37549932",
"title": "Antiapoptotic BCL-2 is required for maintenance of a model leukemia.",
"text": "Resistance to apoptosis, often achieved by the overexpression of antiapoptotic proteins, is common and perhaps required in the genesis of cancer. However, it remains uncertain whether apoptot... | [
{
"docid": "34439544",
"title": "Examining BCL-2 family function with large unilamellar vesicles.",
"text": "The BCL-2 (B cell CLL/Lymphoma) family is comprised of approximately twenty proteins that collaborate to either maintain cell survival or initiate apoptosis(1). Following cellular stress (e.g., D... |
156 | BCL-2 promotes the apoptotic effects of c-Myc. | [
{
"docid": "37549932",
"title": "Antiapoptotic BCL-2 is required for maintenance of a model leukemia.",
"text": "Resistance to apoptosis, often achieved by the overexpression of antiapoptotic proteins, is common and perhaps required in the genesis of cancer. However, it remains uncertain whether apoptot... | [
{
"docid": "34439544",
"title": "Examining BCL-2 family function with large unilamellar vesicles.",
"text": "The BCL-2 (B cell CLL/Lymphoma) family is comprised of approximately twenty proteins that collaborate to either maintain cell survival or initiate apoptosis(1). Following cellular stress (e.g., D... |
157 | BLM gene encodes RecQ-class DNA helicase. | [
{
"docid": "13439128",
"title": "The Bloom's syndrome gene product is homologous to RecQ helicases",
"text": "The Bloom's syndrome (BS) gene, BLM, plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability in somatic cells. A candidate for BLM was identified by direct selection of a cDNA derived fr... | [
{
"docid": "13771184",
"title": "Human RecQ helicases in DNA repair, recombination, and replication.",
"text": "RecQ helicases are an important family of genome surveillance proteins conserved from bacteria to humans. Each of the five human RecQ helicases plays critical roles in genome maintenance and s... |
159 | BRCA 1 mutation carriers' risk of breast and ovarian cancer depends on where the mutation is located. | [
{
"docid": "9394119",
"title": "Association of type and location of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations with risk of breast and ovarian cancer.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE Limited information about the relationship between specific mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) and cancer risk exists. \n OBJECTIVE To identify... | [
{
"docid": "2015126",
"title": "Management of women who have a genetic predisposition for breast cancer.",
"text": "The management of women who have a genetic predisposition for breast cancer requires careful planning. Women who have BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations are at increased risk for breast cancer an... |
160 | Bacterial meningitis can be diagnosed on the basis of positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures. | [
{
"docid": "52874170",
"title": "How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis?",
"text": "CONTEXT Diagnostic lumbar punctures (LPs), commonly used to rule out meningitis, are associated with adverse events. \n OBJECTIVE To systematically review the eviden... | [
{
"docid": "23816832",
"title": "The utility of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with multiple sclerosis",
"text": "Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) requires the exclusion of other possible diagnoses. For this reason, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be routinely analysed in patients wit... |
161 | Bacteriophagaes MS2 and Qβ are members of the Leviviridae. | [
{
"docid": "6903077",
"title": "Asymmetric cryo-EM reconstruction of phage MS2 reveals genome structure in situ",
"text": "In single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses, virus capsid assembly and genome packaging are intertwined processes. Using cryo-electron microscopy and single particle analysis ... | [
{
"docid": "28931537",
"title": "The role of prevention in oncology practice: results from a 2004 survey of American Society of Clinical Oncology members.",
"text": "PURPOSE In 2004, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Cancer Prevention Committee surveyed the members to describe involvement... |
164 | Bariatric surgery increases rates of colorectal cancer. | [
{
"docid": "5824985",
"title": "Bariatric Surgery in the United Kingdom: A Cohort Study of Weight Loss and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Clinical Care.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is becoming a more widespread treatment for obesity. Comprehensive evidence of the long-term effects of contempor... | [
{
"docid": "18872233",
"title": "Mental Health Conditions Among Patients Seeking and Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Meta-analysis.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE Bariatric surgery is associated with sustained weight loss and improved physical health status for severely obese individuals. Mental health condition... |
165 | Bariatric surgery increases rates of postmenopausal breast cancer. | [
{
"docid": "5824985",
"title": "Bariatric Surgery in the United Kingdom: A Cohort Study of Weight Loss and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Clinical Care.",
"text": "BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is becoming a more widespread treatment for obesity. Comprehensive evidence of the long-term effects of contempor... | [
{
"docid": "18872233",
"title": "Mental Health Conditions Among Patients Seeking and Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Meta-analysis.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE Bariatric surgery is associated with sustained weight loss and improved physical health status for severely obese individuals. Mental health condition... |
166 | Bariatric surgery leads to negative outcomes in mental health. | [
{
"docid": "18872233",
"title": "Mental Health Conditions Among Patients Seeking and Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Meta-analysis.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE Bariatric surgery is associated with sustained weight loss and improved physical health status for severely obese individuals. Mental health condition... | [
{
"docid": "43220289",
"title": "Psychological Outcome 4 Years after Restrictive Bariatric Surgery",
"text": "Extreme obesity is associated with severe psychiatric and somatic comorbidity and impairment of psychosocial functioning. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment not only with regard t... |
167 | Bariatric surgery leads to positive outcomes in mental health. | [
{
"docid": "18872233",
"title": "Mental Health Conditions Among Patients Seeking and Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Meta-analysis.",
"text": "IMPORTANCE Bariatric surgery is associated with sustained weight loss and improved physical health status for severely obese individuals. Mental health condition... | [
{
"docid": "43220289",
"title": "Psychological Outcome 4 Years after Restrictive Bariatric Surgery",
"text": "Extreme obesity is associated with severe psychiatric and somatic comorbidity and impairment of psychosocial functioning. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment not only with regard t... |
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