| --- |
| license: cc-by-4.0 |
| pretty_name: py-code.org PyPI code usage |
| language: |
| - en |
| tags: |
| - python |
| - pypi |
| - code |
| - dependencies |
| size_categories: |
| - 10M<n<100M |
| configs: |
| - config_name: refs |
| default: true |
| data_files: refs.parquet |
| - config_name: projects |
| data_files: projects.parquet |
| - config_name: own_modules |
| data_files: own_modules.parquet |
| - config_name: pth_files |
| data_files: pth_files.parquet |
| --- |
| |
| # py-code.org: which PyPI packages use which names |
|
|
| For the latest release of 354,763 PyPI projects (every project released between 13 Nov 2025 and |
| 13 Nov 2026, plus the most downloaded projects even when their latest release is older), these |
| tables list every module, function and class the code imports or reaches by attribute, |
| such as `requests.Session` or `numpy.linalg.norm`. This is the data behind the search on |
| [py-code.org](https://py-code.org). The scanner that built it is |
| [pypi-data/py-code](https://github.com/pypi-data/py-code) (MIT). |
|
|
| The tables hold names, counts and file paths. They hold no source code. |
|
|
| ## Tables |
|
|
| ### `refs` (39.9 million rows, 792 MB) |
|
|
| One row per project and name. Sorted by `name`, then `project`. |
|
|
| | Column | Type | Meaning | |
| |---|---|---| |
| | `project` | string | PyPI project name | |
| | `name` | string | Full dotted name, e.g. `requests.Session` | |
| | `module` | string | Top-level module of `name`, e.g. `requests` | |
| | `files` | int | Number of `.py` files in the project that use `name` | |
| | `locations` | list of string | Up to 3 places where it is used, as `path:line` | |
|
|
| A name is recorded with every prefix: `os.path.join` also adds `os` and `os.path`. Attribute |
| chains are followed up to 4 levels after the imported name. Names from the project's own |
| top-level modules are left out, so a package does not count as a user of itself. |
|
|
| ### `projects` (354,763 rows, 22 MB) |
|
|
| | Column | Type | Meaning | |
| |---|---|---| |
| | `project` | string | PyPI project name | |
| | `version` | string | Latest release at scan time | |
| | `upload_time` | timestamp | Upload time of the scanned file (UTC) | |
| | `requires_python` | string | `Requires-Python` of the release, if set | |
| | `summary` | string | PyPI summary, cut at 300 characters | |
| | `file` | string | File that was scanned | |
| | `file_size` | int | Size of that file in bytes | |
| | `bytes_fetched` | int | Bytes the scanner downloaded to read the `.py` files | |
| | `py_files` | int | `.py` files in the file | |
| | `py_failed` | int | `.py` files that do not parse as current Python (mostly Python 2) | |
| | `downloads_30d` | int | Downloads in the 30 days before the scan, for the top 60,000 projects; 0 for the rest | |
|
|
| ### `own_modules` (402,861 rows) |
| |
| Top-level modules each project provides, from its file layout. Use it to go from an import |
| name to a project: `PIL` to `pillow`, `yaml` to `PyYAML`. |
| |
| ### `pth_files` (748 rows) |
|
|
| `.pth` files that contain an `import` line. Python runs these at every start-up. |
|
|
| ## How it was built |
|
|
| 1. List every project whose latest event is newer than the cut-off date (PyPI Simple API and |
| XML-RPC changelog), plus the 60,000 most downloaded projects. |
| 2. For each one, take the latest release and pick one file: a pure-Python wheel, then a |
| platform wheel, then the source distribution. Wheels are read with HTTP range requests, |
| so only the `.py` and `.pth` files are downloaded. |
| 3. Parse each `.py` file with Python's `ast` module and record imports and attribute access |
| on imported names. |
| 4. Add 30-day download counts from ClickHouse's public PyPI dataset. |
|
|
| 12.9 million `.py` files were parsed. The index was last rebuilt on 13 Nov 2026. The scanner's README |
| has the details and the measured run times. |
|
|
| ## Known limits |
|
|
| - Only the latest release of each project. Projects with no release in the window are not |
| included unless they are among the 60,000 most downloaded. |
| - Dynamic imports (`importlib.import_module`, `__import__`, `getattr`) are missed. |
| - Names reached through variables (`x = np; x.foo`) are missed. |
| - Files that do not parse as current Python are counted in `py_failed` but not indexed. |
| - Projects whose authors asked to be left out are not included. |
|
|
| ## Example queries |
|
|
| Which packages use `requests.Session`, by downloads: |
|
|
| ```sql |
| SELECT r.project, p.downloads_30d |
| FROM refs r JOIN projects p USING (project) |
| WHERE r.name = 'requests.Session' |
| ORDER BY p.downloads_30d DESC |
| LIMIT 20; |
| ``` |
|
|
| Which packages still import `distutils`: |
|
|
| ```sql |
| SELECT count(DISTINCT project) FROM refs WHERE module = 'distutils'; |
| ``` |
|
|
| With DuckDB, without downloading the files first: |
|
|
| ```sql |
| SELECT count(DISTINCT project) |
| FROM 'hf://datasets/pypi-data/py-code/refs.parquet' |
| WHERE name = 'httpx.AsyncClient'; |
| ``` |
|
|
| ## Removal |
|
|
| If you maintain a package and want it left out, email dev@py-code.org from an address listed |
| on its PyPI page. It is removed at the next update. |
|
|
| ## Credit |
|
|
| From 2023 to 2026 py-code.org hosted [Tom Forbes](https://tomforb.es)' PyPI Data project. This |
| dataset is a new, independent project on the same domain and does not reuse its data. |
|
|
