question stringlengths 14 1.87k | choices listlengths 2 9 | answer stringclasses 4
values | source stringclasses 3
values | __index_level_0__ int64 0 17k |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Vinegar and water are placed in a container and stirred. What is formed when they are mixed? | [
"gas",
"solid",
"solution",
"compound"
] | C | ai2_arc | 800 |
Which of the following best describes the climate of an area? | [
"the high temperature and wind speed for six months",
"the high temperature and wind speed each day for one year",
"the temperature and precipitation every hour for one day",
"the average temperature and total precipitation each month for ten years"
] | D | ai2_arc | 801 |
Salt and pepper are placed together in a container. When the container is shaken, the salt and pepper become a | [
"liquid.",
"mixture.",
"solution.",
"suspension."
] | B | ai2_arc | 802 |
All natural resources on Earth are either renewable or nonrenewable. Whether a resource is renewable or nonrenewable depends on how fast or slow the resource is replaced. If the resource is used faster than it is replaced, then the resource will, in time, disappear. Which statement describes the use of a renewable natu... | [
"A home burns natural gas for heat.",
"A city burns coal to generate electricity.",
"A farmer plants different types of crops to protect the soil.",
"A construction crew builds a road from rock, sand, and gravel."
] | C | ai2_arc | 803 |
Which of the following statements best explains why earthquakes occur more frequently in California than in Massachusetts? | [
"The rock found in California is igneous, but the rock found in Massachusetts is sedimentary.",
"California is located on the boundary of two crustal plates, but Massachusetts is not.",
"The rock under California is soft, but the rock under Massachusetts is hard.",
"California is located on a continental plat... | B | ai2_arc | 804 |
Which of these describes a chemical change? | [
"water freezing",
"paper burning",
"water becoming steam",
"paper being torn"
] | B | ai2_arc | 805 |
A large tree was cut down with a saw. What is the best way to estimate the age of this tree? | [
"measure the height of the tree",
"measure the thickness of the bark",
"count the number of rings in the trunk",
"count the branches growing from the trunk"
] | C | ai2_arc | 806 |
From smallest to largest, the levels of organization in living things are | [
"tissues, cells, organs, organ systems.",
"tissues, cells, organ systems, organs.",
"cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.",
"cells, tissues, organ systems, organs."
] | C | ai2_arc | 807 |
Which object is nonliving? | [
"bear",
"bicycle",
"bird",
"butterfly"
] | B | ai2_arc | 808 |
What happens when oil and water are mixed? | [
"The mixture changes color.",
"The water becomes cloudy.",
"The oil dissolves in the water.",
"The oil and water remain separate."
] | D | ai2_arc | 809 |
Students measure the time for toy cars of different masses to roll down a hill. Which of the following units should the students use to measure time? | [
"centimeters",
"grams",
"milliliters",
"seconds"
] | D | ai2_arc | 810 |
A homeowner wants to use a renewable resource to heat the home. Which resource would be the best to use? | [
"coal",
"gas",
"oil",
"solar"
] | D | ai2_arc | 811 |
Which of the following animal features most helps the animal move around in its habitat? | [
"A bird's sharp beak",
"A cow's tail",
"A sea turtle's flippers",
"A black bear's fur"
] | C | ai2_arc | 812 |
A student observes cells in an object by using a microscope. The student thinks that the object was part of a living thing. Which statement explains why cell theory can be used to support the student's thinking? | [
"Cell theory was developed using a microscope.",
"Cell theory was developed to study living things.",
"Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells.",
"Cell theory states that scientists may classify things as living or nonliving."
] | C | ai2_arc | 813 |
A researcher observes that an organism placed in a glass container filled with water moves away when a penlight is focused on the container. The researcher concludes that the organism is light sensitive. Which other explanation for the organism's response to the light is most possible? | [
"The organism avoids radio waves.",
"The organism avoids gamma rays.",
"The organism moves away from vibrations.",
"The organism moves away from heat sources."
] | D | ai2_arc | 814 |
Which behavior is an example of an animal adapting to a change in the environment? | [
"a squirrel climbing a tree",
"a rabbit feeding its young",
"a frog eating an insect",
"a bird migrating south"
] | D | ai2_arc | 815 |
Mitochondria are cell organelles that play a large role in energy processes within the body. Which cells are most likely to have a greater amount of mitochondria? | [
"skin",
"bone",
"blood",
"muscle"
] | D | ai2_arc | 816 |
Which would be the best method to use to dispose of cardboard boxes not utilized by a local grocery store? | [
"burn them once a month",
"send them to be dumped in a remote area",
"have them recycled for future paper products",
"put them into a dumpster with the rest of the trash"
] | C | ai2_arc | 817 |
Which item is used for protection from chemical splashing? | [
"compass",
"hand lens",
"microscope",
"safety goggles"
] | D | ai2_arc | 818 |
Which processes change magma into igneous rock? | [
"cooling and crystallization",
"compaction and cementation",
"heat and pressure",
"weathering and erosion"
] | A | ai2_arc | 819 |
Sophie investigates the water supply at her school and the things that affect it. Which action is a direct observation? | [
"tasting water from a water fountain",
"reading water test results",
"studying the rules for purifying water",
"investigating causes of water pollution"
] | A | ai2_arc | 820 |
Two identical books are on opposite ends of a table. Which of these would increase the gravitational force exerted between the two books? | [
"decrease the distance between the books",
"decrease the mass of the books",
"decrease the mass of the table",
"decrease the temperature in the room"
] | A | ai2_arc | 821 |
When a guitar string is plucked, sound is produced by | [
"the size of the guitar.",
"the metal on the guitar.",
"the wood on the guitar.",
"the vibrations of the string."
] | D | ai2_arc | 822 |
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis? | [
"absorbing oxygen",
"reflecting green light",
"absorbing light energy",
"blocking carbon dioxide"
] | C | ai2_arc | 823 |
Which tool should a student use to compare the masses of two small rocks? | [
"balance",
"hand lens",
"ruler",
"measuring cup"
] | A | ai2_arc | 824 |
Which is an example of a chemical reaction? | [
"Vinegar added to baking soda forms a gas.",
"Water evaporates into air.",
"Sugar dissolves in water.",
"Corn kernels are crushed to form flour."
] | A | ai2_arc | 825 |
Which type of evidence would a geologist need to support plate tectonic theory? | [
"plant fossils that are similar in size",
"the weathering and erosion of coastlines",
"new crust formed by the sea floor spreading",
"rocks with different physical appearances"
] | C | ai2_arc | 826 |
An example of a learned trait is | [
"being able to read",
"being able to breathe",
"having a scar",
"having brown eyes"
] | A | ai2_arc | 827 |
Angelo wants to know if the volume of water changes when it freezes. He measures the volume of water in its liquid state and then freezes it. Which tool did Angelo most likely use to measure the volume of the water? | [
"a microscope",
"a thermometer",
"a balance scale",
"a graduated cylinder"
] | D | ai2_arc | 828 |
In order for a glider to fly, its weight must be opposed by | [
"lift.",
"drag.",
"gravity.",
"friction."
] | A | ai2_arc | 829 |
Why does the leaf of a plant look green? | [
"Because it absorbs green light",
"Because it reflects green light",
"Because it absorbs only yellow and blue light",
"Because it reflects a mixture of yellow and blue light"
] | B | ai2_arc | 830 |
Which statement best describes the nature of sound? | [
"Sound travels fastest in air.",
"Sound travels faster than light.",
"Sound travels as longitudinal waves.",
"Sound travels as transverse waves."
] | C | ai2_arc | 831 |
Which of these provides most of the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere? | [
"coral reefs",
"rainforest plants",
"ocean phytoplankton",
"continental grasslands"
] | C | ai2_arc | 832 |
A solution of lead (II) nitrate reacts with a solution of sodium iodide to produce a yellow solid of lead (II) iodide and aqueous sodium nitrate. Which of these illustrates the reaction? | [
"Pb(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> PbI_{2}(s) + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)",
"L_{2}N(aq) + SI(aq) -> L_{2}I(s) + SN(aq)",
"Pb_{2}N(aq) + NaI(aq) -> Pb_{2}I(s) NaN(aq)",
"Fe(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> FeI_{2} + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)"
] | A | ai2_arc | 833 |
A meteoroid becomes a meteorite when it | [
"impacts the surface of a planet.",
"encounters the atmosphere of a planet.",
"makes a complete orbit around a planet.",
"starts to burn up in the atmosphere of a planet."
] | A | ai2_arc | 834 |
Which force causes rocks to roll downhill? | [
"gravity",
"friction",
"erosion",
"magnetism"
] | A | ai2_arc | 835 |
A water wave that occurs in an ocean is an example of which type of wave? | [
"electromagnetic",
"gravitational",
"transverse",
"seismic"
] | C | ai2_arc | 836 |
Which of the following is an example of how insects are beneficial to humans? | [
"Insects can spread diseases.",
"Insects have short life spans.",
"Insects pollinate flowering plants.",
"Insects sometimes eat poisonous plants."
] | C | ai2_arc | 837 |
In a closed system, what happens to the total energy of the system as energy conversions take place? | [
"It increases.",
"It decreases.",
"It remains constant.",
"It is transferred out of the system."
] | C | ai2_arc | 838 |
Which of these organisms is a producer in a marine ecosystem? | [
"fish",
"gull",
"algae",
"worm"
] | C | ai2_arc | 839 |
Which of the following describes a reason why companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables before they are sold to the public? | [
"to improve the flavors by increasing the sugar content",
"to speed up the ripening of produce picked too early",
"to partially cook the produce before canning or freezing",
"to extend the shelf life by killing existing microorganisms"
] | D | ai2_arc | 840 |
A glacier is a slow moving river of ice. How does a glacier help create soil? | [
"It scrapes small particles off large rocks.",
"It carries plants down mountains and to oceans.",
"It melts and becomes part of streams and rivers.",
"It freezes small particles of dirt to form large rocks."
] | A | ai2_arc | 841 |
During winter months, Amina sometimes notices ice covering the hoods of parked cars. Once the engine of the car runs for a while, the ice on the hood begins to melt. What form of energy is released from the car engine to melt the ice? | [
"chemical",
"electrical",
"heat",
"light"
] | C | ai2_arc | 842 |
A student notices dogs have more fleas in the summer than in the winter. Based on these observations, which is the most logical question for the student to investigate? | [
"How does wind affect the amount of fleas on dogs?",
"How does diet affect the amount of fleas on dogs?",
"How does rain affect the amount of fleas on dogs?",
"How does temperature affect the amount of fleas on dogs?"
] | D | ai2_arc | 843 |
According to the periodic table, all of the following are metals except | [
"sodium",
"zinc",
"fluorine",
"calcium"
] | C | ai2_arc | 844 |
A squid is an animal that lives in the ocean. It pumps a stream of water out of its body, causing it to move rapidly. Which of the following mechanical systems moves in a way most similar to the squid? | [
"a bus",
"a helicopter",
"a rocket",
"a train"
] | C | ai2_arc | 845 |
When the wax from a candle drips, the wax has reached | [
"its boiling point.",
"its melting point.",
"a chemical change.",
"a physical change."
] | B | ai2_arc | 846 |
In the morning, students observed puddles of water all over the playground. What would best explain why the playground was dry in the afternoon? | [
"Animals drank the water.",
"The wind stopped blowing.",
"Someone dried the puddles.",
"The water evaporated during the day."
] | D | ai2_arc | 847 |
Many areas of Massachusetts have small deep ponds called kettle ponds. Which of the following best explains the formation of these ponds? | [
"avalanche",
"wind erosion",
"glacial depression",
"sediment deposition"
] | C | ai2_arc | 848 |
What relationship exists between a dog and its fleas? | [
"commensalism",
"gradualism",
"mutualism",
"parasitism"
] | D | ai2_arc | 849 |
Which of the following could limit the supply of a renewable resource? | [
"recycling aluminum cans",
"cutting down trees in forests",
"mining minerals such as gold",
"conserving freshwater resources"
] | B | ai2_arc | 850 |
Which statement best describes the energy transformations that occur when a candle burns? | [
"Heat energy from the wax is converted into chemical and light energy.",
"Heat energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy.",
"Chemical energy from the wax is converted into light and heat energy.",
"Chemical energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy."
] | C | ai2_arc | 851 |
What type of energy travels through the body of a microscope that allows the specimen to be seen by a student? | [
"heat",
"solar",
"light",
"electrical"
] | C | ai2_arc | 852 |
A powder made up of both white specks and black specks is likely to be | [
"a solution",
"a pure compound",
"a mixture",
"an element"
] | C | ai2_arc | 853 |
In the past, wild hogs called "javelinas" were seen only in the southern part of New Mexico. Now, javelinas are seen in areas 100 miles further north. What is the most likely cause of this expansion? | [
"Javelinas are reproducing less frequently.",
"Environmental conditions have changed.",
"The javelina's genetic traits have mutated.",
"Nutritional requirements of javelinas have changed."
] | B | ai2_arc | 854 |
Which is the best example of a pure substance? | [
"peanuts",
"milk",
"gold",
"air"
] | C | ai2_arc | 855 |
Which tool would best help a person observe the parts of a plant cell? | [
"hand lens",
"telescope",
"binoculars",
"microscope"
] | D | ai2_arc | 856 |
The energy stored in the bonds of a glucose molecule during photosynthesis is in what form? | [
"chemical",
"electrical",
"kinetic",
"light"
] | A | ai2_arc | 857 |
What happens to water molecules during the boiling process? | [
"They move faster and move farther apart as they absorb heat.",
"They move faster and remain close together as they absorb heat.",
"They move more slowly but move farther apart as they lose heat.",
"They move faster and move farther apart as they lose heat."
] | A | ai2_arc | 858 |
Evidence suggests that there is a relationship between ancient dinosaurs and modern birds. Through time, each occurrence of a new trait most likely resulted from which of the following? | [
"mutation of genes",
"hybridization of species",
"extinction of populations",
"alteration of the environment"
] | A | ai2_arc | 859 |
Which of the following can cause erosion? | [
"falling leaves",
"flowing water",
"growing grass",
"rising temperatures"
] | B | ai2_arc | 860 |
A hydrologist studies the location, movement, and quality of water. A hydrologist recognizes the importance that water exists as ___. | [
"a solid, a liquid, and a gas (vapor)",
"a solid and a liquid",
"a solid and a gas (vapor)",
"a solid only"
] | A | ai2_arc | 861 |
Which of these can be recycled in an attempt to conserve resources? | [
"gasoline",
"sunlight",
"aluminum",
"natural gas"
] | C | ai2_arc | 862 |
This in turn causes the average temperature on Earth to rise. Which of the following observations supports that theory? | [
"The summer of 1998 was one of the hottest summer seasons on record.",
"Carbon dioxide gas from cars and industry is a product of burning that produces heat.",
"Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface.",
"Radiation on Earth's surface is increasing because... | C | ai2_arc | 863 |
Which of these can be mined from Earth and used as an energy source? | [
"Coal",
"Gravel",
"Granite",
"Limestone"
] | A | ai2_arc | 864 |
Which tool is used to determine how long it takes warm water to melt an ice cube? | [
"a scale",
"a stopwatch",
"a calculator",
"a thermometer"
] | B | ai2_arc | 865 |
Two scientists doing the same experiment got different results. Which would be the best way to figure out which result might be correct? | [
"A group of scientists should argue about the results.",
"The two scientists should do different experiments.",
"More scientists should do the experiment.",
"A group of scientists should vote."
] | C | ai2_arc | 866 |
A lipid bilayer allows certain molecules to pass through and blocks other molecules. Which structure is most often protected by a lipid bilayer? | [
"cell",
"organ",
"tissue",
"system"
] | A | ai2_arc | 867 |
Traits are transferred from generation to generation through the | [
"sperm only",
"egg only",
"sperm and the egg",
"testes"
] | C | ai2_arc | 868 |
Many scientists theorize that global warming will melt the polar ice caps. What would most likely happen if the polar ice caps melted? | [
"Ocean levels would increase.",
"Human population would increase.",
"Vegetation in water would decrease.",
"Global precipitation would decrease."
] | A | ai2_arc | 869 |
Which of the following groups of organisms uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen? | [
"carnivores",
"decomposers",
"herbivores",
"producers"
] | D | ai2_arc | 870 |
What is the first step in designing a product? | [
"model a solution",
"communicate the solution",
"identify the need or want",
"build a prototype"
] | C | ai2_arc | 871 |
Solids that are combined together and maintain their physical properties are best labeled as a | [
"solute.",
"mixture.",
"solvent.",
"compound."
] | B | ai2_arc | 872 |
A group of vertebrates has lungs, a body covered with scales, internal fertilization, and amniotic eggs. Which group of vertebrates does this describe? | [
"amphibians",
"birds",
"mammals",
"reptiles"
] | D | ai2_arc | 873 |
The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are organs that perform which primary function? | [
"supporting the body and enabling it to move",
"transporting oxygen, wastes, and nutrients throughout the body",
"producing male and female gametes",
"conducting messages to coordinate body functions"
] | D | ai2_arc | 874 |
Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. Which organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste? | [
"appendix",
"kidney",
"pancreas",
"stomach"
] | B | ai2_arc | 875 |
A pot is heated on a stove. Which process causes the metal handle of the pot to also become hot? | [
"combustion",
"convection",
"radiation",
"conduction"
] | D | ai2_arc | 876 |
In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change? | [
"mixing spices for the sauce",
"slicing pepperoni for the topping",
"spreading cheese on the pizza",
"baking the dough to form the crust"
] | D | ai2_arc | 877 |
Base your answers on the information below. One hot, summer day it rained very heavily. After the rain, a plastic pan on a picnic table had 2 cm of rainwater in it. Four hours later, all the rainwater in the pan was gone. Which process caused the rainwater in the pan to disappear as it sat outside in the hot air? | [
"condensation",
"evaporation",
"precipitation",
"erosion"
] | B | ai2_arc | 878 |
In 1918, an outbreak of influenza infected 500,000 people all over the world. Tens of millions of those infected died. In 1994, an outbreak of pneumonic plague spread quickly through the city of Surat in India, killing 52 people. Which statement best describes the two events? | [
"Both outbreaks were pandemics.",
"Both outbreaks were epidemics.",
"The influenza outbreak was a pandemic. The plague outbreak was an epidemic.",
"The influenza outbreak was an epidemic. The plague outbreak was a pandemic."
] | C | ai2_arc | 879 |
On the periodic table, the elements in group 18 (8A) (helium, neon, argon, etc.) are grouped together because | [
"they are lighter than air.",
"they have full outer electron shells.",
"they have excess electrons to share.",
"they easily react with other elements."
] | B | ai2_arc | 880 |
Which of the following is a consumer? | [
"grain",
"rabbit",
"vegetable",
"tree"
] | B | ai2_arc | 881 |
Which statement explains why light from the Sun can warm up water in a glass? | [
"Light travels very fast.",
"Light travels in straight lines.",
"Water reflects light energy.",
"Water absorbs light energy."
] | D | ai2_arc | 882 |
Which characteristic is an example of learned behavior? | [
"a bear hibernating in the winter",
"a spider spinning a web in a tree",
"a butterfly migrating to the south",
"a dog scratching at a door to go out"
] | D | ai2_arc | 883 |
Which of these is a negative effect associated with some types of new technology? | [
"increased worker productivity",
"faster diagnosis of medical problems",
"less time required to find information",
"decreased physical activity"
] | D | ai2_arc | 884 |
What is the main source of energy for the water cycle? | [
"electricity",
"erosion",
"gravity",
"sunlight"
] | D | ai2_arc | 885 |
Sharpening a pencil and tearing paper are examples of physical changes. Which statement describes why these are physical changes? | [
"There is a change in how the objects are used.",
"There is a change in the appearance of the objects.",
"There is a change in the materials from which the objects are made.",
"There is a change in both the appearance of the objects and the materials from which they are made."
] | B | ai2_arc | 886 |
Air in the atmosphere is heated unevenly by the sun, causing | [
"wind patterns.",
"cloud formation.",
"volcanic activity.",
"water condensation."
] | A | ai2_arc | 887 |
Which sense is used to determine an object's texture? | [
"hearing",
"smell",
"taste",
"touch"
] | D | ai2_arc | 888 |
Campers shouted toward a canyon wall. What characteristic of sound best explains why the campers heard an echo? | [
"Sound waves traveled slowly down the canyon.",
"Sound waves were absorbed by the canyon wall.",
"Sound waves reflected off the canyon wall.",
"Sound waves were refracted around the canyon."
] | C | ai2_arc | 889 |
A recent scientific study funded by a medical corporation concluded that its product is not as harmful as consumers have reported. Identify a possible problem with this study. | [
"Corporate scientists have less training than other scientists.",
"The results of the study may be influenced by bias.",
"Privately funded science is not verified by other scientists.",
"The study cannot be repeated with the same results."
] | B | ai2_arc | 890 |
Nerve cells transmitting messages to the body best demonstrate which primary function? | [
"the transfer of energy",
"the exchange of gases",
"the elimination of waste",
"the absorption of nutrients"
] | A | ai2_arc | 891 |
A drinking water reservoir for a small town develops a blue-green algae bloom. The town hires a company to eliminate the problem. Which of the following should the company investigate first as a likely source of the problem? | [
"a pit where granite is ground up into gravel",
"a neighborhood where lawn chemicals are used",
"a junkyard where old cars are salvaged for parts",
"a grain elevator where corn and soybeans are stored"
] | B | ai2_arc | 892 |
What travels through the stem of a plant? | [
"water and food",
"food and nectar",
"nectar and soil",
"soil and water"
] | A | ai2_arc | 893 |
Which of these is an inherited behavior? | [
"a seal balancing a ball",
"a dog getting the newspaper",
"a spider spinning a web",
"an ape using sign language"
] | C | ai2_arc | 894 |
In 1987, a supernova was detected in the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy, which is approximately 169,000 light years from Earth. Which event produces a supernova? | [
"the explosion of a massive star",
"the birth of a main-sequence star",
"the collapse of a medium-sized star",
"the collision of one star with another"
] | A | ai2_arc | 895 |
When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming | [
"wind.",
"clouds.",
"lightning.",
"tornadoes."
] | B | ai2_arc | 896 |
Which of the following allows materials to enter and leave a cell? | [
"cell wall",
"mitochondria",
"vacuole",
"cell membrane"
] | D | ai2_arc | 897 |
Sandy and Keith plan to move a 6-kilogram block. If they wanted to calculate the mechanical energy required to move the block, what units would they use to report their answer? | [
"joules",
"kilowatts",
"kilometers",
"volts"
] | A | ai2_arc | 898 |
DNA stores the genetic instructions transferred from one generation to the next. What is DNA? | [
"a molecule",
"a membrane",
"a cell nucleus",
"a spiral-shaped cell"
] | A | ai2_arc | 899 |
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