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c97feee4-ffba-49fc-902a-de58c92daae2 | Bence jones proteins are associated with | Hodgkin's lymphoma | Multiple myeloma | Burkitt's Lymphoma | Infectious mononucleosis | 1b | single | null | Pathology | null |
1f1221f7-7b31-4d65-a8a6-8ab04e99c87a | Hyperprolactinoma causes | Inter menstrual bleeding | Prolonged menstruation | Oligomenorrhea | Polymenorrhea | 2c | single | (Oligomenorhea): (2287-88- H18th edition; 788-Davidson 21st)HYPER PROLACTINEMIA* Hyper prolactinemia is the most common pituitary hormone hyper secretion syndrome in both men and women* PRL- secreting pituitary adenoma (Prolactinomas) are the most common cause of PRL levels > 200 mg/L* Pregnancy and lactation are the i... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
5ead0e2c-a7ff-489b-ab95-7ec147c4f0f9 | Which of the following statement about Bradykinin is true: | Causes pain | Causes bronchodilation | Causes vasoconstriction | Decreases vascular permeability | 0a | multi | A i.e. Causes PainBradykinin increases vascular permeability, and causes contraction of smooth muscle (utrine, intestine, bronchoconstriction), dilation of blood vessels and painQ when injected into the skin. These effects are similar to those of histamine. | Physiology | null |
75f41502-56c7-44bb-8ee2-1b50dc9a9166 | Suxamethonium is | Non depolarizing muscle relaxant | Direct acting muscle relaxant | Depolarising muscle relaxant | All of the above | 2c | multi | Depolarizing neuromuscular blockers Succinylcholine (SCh., Suxamethonium), Side effects:- Muscle fasciculations and soreness, changes in BP and HR, arrhythmias, histamine release and K+ efflux from muscles causing hyperkalaemia. Uses:- SCh is the most commonly used muscle relaxant for passing tracheal tube. It induces ... | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
a0b7cfe7-12e9-4294-9c7c-5f488311a1c8 | Movement across socioeconomic levels is termed as – | Social equality | Social upliftment | Social mobility | Social insurance | 2c | single | Social mobility is the degree to which an individual's family or group's social status can change throughout the course of their life through a system of social hierarchy, i.e. Social mobility refers to movement of individuals/ families across different socioeconomic levels.
Social Upliftment
Social upliftment refer... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
89f196fa-9d25-48e3-be78-d668f9ab0506 | Ascorbic acid is a potent enhancer of iron absorption because it | Enhances the absorption of heme iron | Enhances the activity of heme oxygenase | Is a reducing agent, thereby helping to keep iron in the ferrous state | Decreases the production of ferritin by enterocytes | 2c | single | Ascorbic acid enhances iron absorption mostly by its reducing capacity, keeping iron in the ferrous state. Ascorbic acid does not enhance heme iron absorption, nor does it affect heme oxygenase activity or the produc on of ferritin or transferrin. | Anatomy | All India exam |
8472b29d-4430-4b8c-a0d1-328b5902914b | Veins communicating the cavernous sinus to pterygoid plexus pass through fossa of : | Scapra | Vesalius | Ovale | Langer | 1b | single | B i.e. Vesalius; C i.e. OvaleForamen Vesalius is an inconstant foramen that gives passage to an emissary vein that connects pterygoid venous plexus with cavernous sinus (vein of vesalius)Q. It is also k/a sphenoidal emissary foramen as its seen in the great wing of sphenoid, medial to foramen ovale, opposite the root o... | Anatomy | null |
50dba6ee-35b2-44a3-880b-8e1fe35777af | Mucosal candidiasis is caused by | Candida albicans | Candida tropicalis | Candida guilliermondi | Candida krusei | 0a | single | (A) Candida albicans # Mucosal Candidiasis> Candidosis describes a group of yeastlike fungal infections involving the skin and mucous membranes.> Infection is caused by Candida species, typically, Candida albicans.> Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)> Thrush may be observed in healthy neonates or in persons in... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
24cf9b22-7272-4c64-8adb-9ff3c96a9f79 | Clearance - | Refers to the efficacy of elimination of a drug by an organ or whole body | Cannot be greater than blood flow to an organ | Determines the steady of the drug concentration | All the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Clearance of a drug is the theoretical volume of plasma from which the drug is completely removed in unit time. | Pharmacology | null |
4994c00f-ab0c-4968-b089-dce435a14635 | An absolute contraindication for extraction of teeth is: | Hypertension | Myocardial infarction | Thyrotoxicosis | Central hemangioma | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
2584d677-78f6-4efd-a478-0689d9d46cd9 | Who is the chairman of district blindness control society? | District collector | Programme manager | District health officer | District eye surgeon | 0a | single | Ans. a. District collector (Ref: Park 23/e p439, 22/e p406; www.nrhmtn.gov.in/dbcs.html)District collector is the chairman of district blindness control society.District Blindness Control Society has been established under the chairmanship of District Collector/Deputy Commissioner. Park 23/e p439District Blindness Cont... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Programmes in India |
76f701b1-7c4d-4603-ae36-0f3cba641385 | An 18 months baby can do? | Hide and seek game | Write alphabet | Say short sentence | Run | 0a | single | a. Hide and seek game(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 65-77, Ghai 8/e p 52-54)Hide and seek game or peek a boo comes at around 10 months age. | Pediatrics | Growth, Development, and Behavior |
2e6bf31f-446e-47fa-8b9b-d0aa761178c0 | A newborn baby presented with profuse bleeding from the umbilical stump after bih. Rest of the examination and PT, APTT are within normal limits. Most of probable diagnosis is: | Factor X deficiency | Glanzmann thrombasthenia | von-Willebrand disease | Bernard-Soulier disease | 0a | single | Ans. a. Factor X deficiency | Pathology | null |
0b1721a6-e581-4285-b439-8837740d3048 | A 37-year-old man develops pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. Lung biopsy with immunofluorescence demonstrates IgG deposition along the basement membrane. These antibodies are most likely directed against which of the following types of collagen? | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | 3d | single | Goodpasture syndrome Autoimmune disease Ceain domains of type IV collagen are intrinsic to the basement membranes of renal glomeruli and pulmonary alveoli. Resulting in necrotizing hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonitis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The characteristic linear pattern of immunoglobulin deposi... | Pathology | Glomerulonephritis |
3722513b-7fb7-434e-ac84-8f1a9520fdeb | Most common cause of Cheyne-Stokes breathing is? | Diabetic ketoacidosis | CHF | Bulbar polio | Pontine hemorrhage | 1b | single | Ans. is'b'i.e., CHF(Ref Clinicalmedicine p. 713)Cause of Cheyne-Stokes respiration,Normally occurs during sleep at high altitudeCongestive cardiac failureDamage to respiratory centers | Physiology | null |
9d5a4ee9-ee8c-4652-aab1-c8b1cea5ef5b | Most stable in closed reduction is | Screws | Arch bar | Direct wiring | None of the above | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
1ead7ac8-b29e-4036-b3eb-afa380b27f6b | The drug of choice for mushroom poisoning is which of the following? | Atropine | Carbachol | Adrenaline | Physostigmine | 0a | single | Symptoms of mushroom poisoning are due to excess of muscarine. The polypeptides from these mushrooms are inhibitors of cellular protein synthesis and stimulates post ganglionic cholinergic fibres. Atropine sulphate is the preferred drug of choice to counteract the muscarinic effects. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Med... | Forensic Medicine | null |
880bcc07-2a2b-480d-b291-a11dab0beb98 | Toxins are implicated as the major pathogenic mechanism in all of the following bacterial diarrhoeas except - | Vibrio cholerae | Shigella sp. | Vibrio parahemolyticus | Staphylococcus aureus | 2c | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
9afd1e0b-60bb-4cbd-bb54-0827554a64c8 | Hepatocellular damage of wilson's resembles ? | Acute hepatitis | Chronic hepatitis | Cholestasis | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acute hepatitis; 'b' i.e., Chronic hepatitis; 'c' i.e., CholestasisWilson diseaseo This autosomal - recessive disorder is marked by the accumulation of toxic levels of copper in many tissues and organs, principally the liver, brain and eye.Clinical features of Wilson's disease?Organs involved Symptoms... | Pathology | null |
af4a7d33-6269-48f6-9aac-279415a06ad4 | 28-year old male while playing was hit on the head by a cricket ball . This hit fractures the orbit and damage the optic canal. Which of the following structures are most likely to be damaged during this hit are - | Optic nerve and ophthalmic aery | Ophthalmic vein and occulomotor aery | Ophthalmic aery and olfactory nerve | Ophthalmic nerve and optic nerve | 0a | multi | Floor of Anterior Cranial Fossa is formed by :- 1)Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone 2)Frontal bone 3)Lesser wing of sphenoid Frontal bone and lesser wing of sphenoid contribute in forming roof of orbit Lesser wing of sphenoid contains optic canal for passage of ophthalamic aery and optic nerve (2nd CN) Ophthalmic aery i... | Ophthalmology | Trauma |
d08adabd-4cff-4b39-a852-e87801715cdd | Net weight gain in pregnancy is : | 11 lb | 24 lb | 36 lb | 42 lb | 1b | single | 24 lb | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
4a350277-afdf-4184-8962-e26e5e35499d | Movements of pronation and supination occurs in all the following upper limb joints, EXCEPT? | Superior radio - ulnar joint | Middle radio - ulnar joint | Inferior radio - ulnar joint | Radio - carpal joint | 3d | multi | Supination and pronation movements are not possible in radio-carpal(wrist) joint because the aicular surfaces are ellipsoid shaped. Supination and pronation movements are possible in superior, middle and inferior radio-ulnar joints. | Anatomy | null |
b56278be-0654-4b2b-8c7f-f9dc1ab8f045 | Oral contraceptive pill containing progesterone which is given in small quantities for 30 days a month is known as : | Micro pill | Sequential pill | Combined pill | None of the aboveq | 0a | multi | Micro pill | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
79a35afd-ab5f-4e06-9171-05679b2d0a83 | A 2 year old boy presented with congested cardiac failure, with right to left shunt. What is the diagnosis? | Dandy Walker malformation | Vein of Gallen malformation | Mega cisterna magna | Crouzon syndrome | 1b | multi | (B) Vein of Gallen malformation[?]Communicating Hydrocephalus:There is free flow throughout the ventricular system.Impaired CSF resorption by the arachnoid granulation accounts for majority of casesSAHInfectious meningitisMalignant meningitisGranulomatous meningitis: TB, sarcoidosisAltered venous Dynamics: Vein of Gale... | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
429cffde-57a8-4780-a074-6fef010c09e1 | Which cereal is not to be given in celiac sprue | Wheat | Maize | Corn | Rice | 1b | single | The precise mechanism of mucosal damage is unclear but immunological responses to gluten play a key role . There is a strong genetic component, with around 10% of first-degree relatives of an index case affected, and there is strong (approximately 75%) concordance in monozygotic twins. There is a strong association wit... | Medicine | G.I.T |
8dd199ee-2bf1-40aa-a424-9d079136d019 | In staphylococci, plasmids encoding beta lactamase are transmitted by | Conjugation | Transduction | Transposon | Transformation | 1b | single | Ref Goodman Gilman 11/e p 1133 Beta lactamase are encoded by plasmids that can be transferred with the help of bacteriophage in staphylococci and by transformation in pneumococci | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
bf1bfde4-bad0-40f6-9ecf-b7b65aa974ab | Gottron's papules are seen in - | Dermatomyositis | Sarcoidosis | Scleroderma | Fungal infection | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dermatomyositis Cutaneous signs of dermatomyosits1. Gottron's papules lilac or violaceous papules on knuckle, dorsa of hands.2. Gottron's sign Violaceous erythema with edema over shoulder, arms, forearms.3. Heliotrope sign Violaceous erythema with edema over eyelids, periorbital region.4. Poikiloderma... | Skin | Autoimmune Skin Disorders |
531b4a7c-b703-4a39-b0eb-ba08701c68d1 | The best method of teaching an urban slum about ORS is – | Lecture | Role play | Demonstration | Flash cards | 2c | single | Demonstration
A demonstration is a carefully prepared presentation to show how to perform a skill or procedure.
Demonstration as a means of communication has been found to have a high educational value in programmes like-
Environmental sanitation → installation of a hand pump, construction of a sanitary latrine.
Mo... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b05cd128-8c35-488b-aed3-18157fe6349c | 45-year-old policeman comes from duty with complain of pain in right leg. On examination, pulse in right popliteal fossa was absent and pain in right buttock, where as in left side it was normal. The block is at which level? | Femoral | Iliac | Aooiliac | Popliteal | 1b | single | As the pulse is absent in right popliteal fossa and also there is impaired blood supply in right buttock and left side is normal, the block lies in the right sided iliac vessel. Image showing blood supply of pelvis and lower limb. If block is in femoral or popliteal vessels, there will be no pain in buttocks. If aooili... | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 |
8ad6f05f-dbe0-4e5f-a78b-e93cd27ddc59 | A first-grade teacher is concerned about a 6- year old girl in her class who has not spoken a single word since school staed. The little girl paicipate appropriately in the class activities and uses gestures and drawings and nods and shakes her head to communicate. The parents repo that the little girl talks only in th... | Autism | Expressive language disorder | School phobia | Selective mutism | 3d | single | In selective mutism, a child voluntarily abstains from talking in paicular situations (usually at school) while remaining appropriately verbal at home. Some children only speak with their parents and siblings and are mute with relatives and friends. Children with selective mutism do not have a language impediment, nor ... | Surgery | null |
9ea6f002-2ebc-41ce-8465-804bbf62a9dd | The major contribution of amniotic fluid after 20 weeks of gestation : | Ultrafiltrate and maternal plasma | Fetal urine | Fetal lung fluid | Fetal skin | 1b | single | Origin of amniotic fluid : Early week -Maternal plasma 2 nd trimester - Fetal skin Beyond 20 weeks -Fetal urine Ref: Datta Obs 9e pg 34. | Anatomy | General obstetrics |
c14b4ee8-7005-41e5-8423-503d6d34d229 | Complication of massive blood transfusion? | Hypercalcemia | Hypermagnesemia | Hyperkalemia | Hyperthermia | 2c | single | Ans is 'c' i.e. Hyperkalemia * The potassium concentration of blood increases during storage & massive transfusion of units containing increased potassium may lead to hyperkalemia - adding to elevated potassium levels caused by severe shock, renal dysfunction and muscle necrosis.Massive blood transfusion* A massive blo... | Anaesthesia | Complications Of Anaesthesia |
36e185f4-d9b3-4fc1-8569-5fd949022261 | Uterus and cervix develop from | Mullerian duct | Wolffian duct | Mesonephirc duct | None | 0a | multi | Two embryonic structures that play an impoant role in the development of the urogenital system are the intermediate mesoderm and the cloaca. Intermediate Mesoderm is subdivided into three pas: 1. Paraxial mesoderm which becomes segmented to form the somites. 2. Lateral plate mesoderm in which the intraembryonic coelom ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
41eb29fe-1b14-4b8f-9fe3-1dd97e201068 | Red cell Protoporphyrin levels more than 100 microgram/ dL is suggestive of which of the following? | Iron deficiency anemia | Lead poisoning | Myelodysplasia | All | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Iron deficiency anemia) (Ref. Harrison 18th/ ch. 103)RED CELL PROTOPORPHYRIN LEVELS# Protoporphyrin is an intermediate in the pathway to heme synthesis.# Under conditions in which heme synthesis is impaired, protoporphyrin accumulates within the red cell.# This can reflect an inadequate iron supply to erythroid... | Pediatrics | Blood |
7a192af7-3cae-48cd-8cb7-dd37ef71a3b0 | All of them are true about retinoblastoma except | Rb1 gene is located on 11q14 | The commonest cause of intraocular calcification | Trilateral retinoblastoma is a combination of bilateral retinoblastoma with pinealoblastoma | The commonest tumour of the eye in children | 0a | multi | Retinoblastoma (RB) gene has been identified as 14 band on the long-arm of chromosome 13 (13q 14) and is a 'cancer suppressor' or 'antioncogenic' gene. Deletion or inactivation of this protective gene by two mutations (Knudson's two hit hypothesis) results in occurrence of retinoblastoma. Retinoblastoma is commonest tu... | Ophthalmology | Retina |
90396d2b-c4e8-4b35-ad76-0c29fe86aee6 | Which nerve is involved in this presentation? | Long thoracic Nerve | Musculocutaneous nerve | Lateral anterior thoracic nerve | Thoracodorsal nerve | 0a | single | Ans. A long thoracic nerveNerve involvedMuscleLong thoracic NerveSerratus anteriorMusculocutaneous NerveCoracobrachialis muscleLateral anterior thoracic NervePectoralis major muscleThoracodorsal NerveLatissimus Dorsi | Anatomy | Upper Extremity |
3be70e84-87d6-49f7-a3b9-9d4ca00e3c49 | Shoest incubation perion in malaria - | P. vivax | P. falciparum | P. malariae | P. ovale | 1b | single | Duration of erythrocytic schizogony 48 hrs- vivax Less than or equal to 48 hrs-falciparum 72 hrs -malariae 48 hrs -ovale (refer pgno:58 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
64c013f4-f570-488a-9bf9-724d26969915 | other name of othello syndrome is called as | delusion of infedility | delusion of love | delusion of doubles | delusion of persecution | 0a | multi | othello syndrome is called as delusion of marital infedility othello syndrome is common in alcoholic males this is is the most repeatedly asked question in entrance examinations the possible mechanism that is told for othello syndrome is that alcohol causes sexual dysfunction in males and thus inturn results in doubtin... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders |
63c482ac-6993-48d1-a9e1-8dd118a2cc72 | Clasp arms serves the function of | Stabilization | Reciprocation | Retention | Both 2 and 3 | 3d | multi | Function and Position of Clasp Assembly Parts | Dental | null |
669f60b4-3d3e-41a4-b8a0-ea4000beb805 | All of the following drugs are documented to be porphyrinogenic EXCEPT: | Estrogen therapy | Carbamezapine | Phenytoin | Aspirin | 3d | multi | Aspirin is not a porphyrinogenic drug. There is a very exhaustive list of drugs given in the table from Harrison; I am giving some impoant drugs! Carbamezapine , chloramphenicol, clindamycin Dihydroergotamine , droperidol Hydralazine Fosphenytoin Indinavir Ketamine, ketoconazole Lidocaine Medroxyprogesterone , mifepris... | Medicine | null |
1c8ff099-f148-4aac-ac4a-75a265160555 | A patient of Varicose veins came to hospital; intern was on duty. Which test he shall perform to rule out the DVT? | Brodie Trendelenburg test | Pehes test | Thomas test | Ober test | 1b | multi | Pehes test is used to differentiate between Varicose veins and Deep vein thrombosis. The limb is elevated and an elastic bandage is applied firmly from the toes to the upper 1/3 of the thigh to obliterate the superficial veins only. With the bandage applied the patient is asked to walk for 5 minutes. If deep system is ... | Surgery | FMGE 2019 |
7696ede2-c9e8-4456-be34-06db9d59b386 | All of the following glands are supplied by the facial nerve, EXCEPT? | Nasal glands | Lacrimal gland | Parotid gland | Submandibular gland | 2c | multi | Parotid glandreceives parasympathetic innervations from glossopharyngeal nerve and not facial nerve. | Anatomy | null |
33506d0d-cd52-40b8-88f3-e3371cca3ff4 | A female neonate is noted at birth to have a gross deformity of her lower back. Examination of the subcutaneous lesion reveals disorganized neural tissue with entrapment of nerve roots. What is the appropriate diagnosis? | Meningocele | Meningomyelocele | Rachischisis | Spina bifida occulta | 1b | single | Neural tube defects (dysraphic anomalies) reflect impaired closure of the dorsal aspect of the vertebral column. These abnormalities are classified according the extent of the defect, ranging in severity from spina bifida occulta to meningocele, meningomyelocele, and rachischisis. Spina bifida (choice D) is restricted ... | Pathology | Central Nervous System |
106b63a5-3139-4ca8-bb74-12fbce1de52f | Best time for surgery in case of combined unilateral cleft lip
and hard palate is | 15-18 months | 3 - 6 months | 6 - 9 months | 9- 15 months | 0a | single | If cleft is in hard palate surgery is done between 15-18 months. | Surgery | null |
7bc92e64-6559-4216-bcce-f97d89db6f8b | Keratin of skin and nail differ because | Vander waal bond | Lipolysis | Disulphide bond | Covalent bond | 2c | single | Keratins - Keratins are proteins present in hair, skin and nails, horn, hoof, etc. The fibers present are called alpha keratins and matrix as keratohyalin. They mainly have the alpha helical structure. Each fibril has 3 polypeptide chains and each bundle has about 10-12 fibrils. The keratohyalin matrix has cysteinerich... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
0b79d349-c087-477e-ba37-de5ababcdcc9 | Conventional contraception is: September 2006 | OCP | Surgical sterilization | Condoms | IUCD | 2c | single | Ans. C: Condoms Barrier methods of contraception involve the use of device that prevents the passage of sperm through canal. Due to many reasons, use of condom is the most popular conventional contraceptive device worldwide. These are cheaper and relatively simple to use, but when used alone, the pregnancy rate is rela... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
47ce02db-2d30-4a03-8967-dbbb9a1c6bcd | Following are true with respect to genus Neisseria Except | Gram negative | Anaerobic | Non-sporulating | Oxidase positive cocci | 1b | multi | Neisseria genus is gram-negative cocci, It is oxidase positive, non-sporulating, aerobic and non-motile cocci typically arranged in pairs. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and panicker's; 10th edition; Page no: 230 | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
49ec42e8-010f-4853-b49a-c44602d166b5 | The impression for a diagnostic cast of a partial edentulous mouth should be taken in: | Impression wax | Modelling compound | Hydro-colloid | Hydro cal | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
80d3fc65-a63c-4133-ab40-6edc42857b6b | The nerve roots blocked in pudendal nerve block is : | L1,2,3 | L2,3 | S2,3,4 | S4 | 2c | single | Pudendal nerve arises from S2,3,4 roots Pudendal block will block all the roots. Ref: Datta Obs 9e pg 480. | Anatomy | General obstetrics |
32f3ad4d-d2a6-4dda-b6b0-174023d2efdb | Senile ptosis is: | Neurogenic | Myogenic | Aponeurotic | Mechanical | 2c | single | Ans/. Aponeurotic | Ophthalmology | null |
14e0b9b5-2bd4-46f8-b69a-a393057c8001 | Anterior maxillary occlusal projection shows all of the following except: | Anterior maxilla | Teeth from 1st premolar to 1st premolar | Teeth from canine to canine | Anterior floor of the nasal fossa | 1b | multi | In anterior maxillary occlusal projection, the central ray is oriented through the tip of nose toward the middle of film with approximately +45 degrees vertical angulation and 0 degrees horizontal angulation.
The primary field of this projection includes the anterior maxilla and its dentition, as well as the anterior f... | Radiology | null |
b27085d6-bf74-4ea6-9348-5e1132c1972a | A 38-year-old male presented with a suspected diagnosis of suppurate labyrinthitis. A positive Rinne's test and positive fistula test was recorded on initial examination. The patient refused treatment, and returned to the emergency depament after 2 weeks complaining of deafness in the affected ear. On examination, fist... | True positive Rinne's test | False positive Rinne's test | True negative Rinne's test | False negative Rinne's test | 3d | multi | In severe SNHL: Rinne's test is false negative and because labyrinth is dead. Fistula test is negative.False negative Rinne test occurs in case of severe SNHL because patient does not perceive any sound of tuning fork by air conduction but responds to bone conduction due to intracranial transmission of sound from oppos... | ENT | null |
4aa92dbb-e603-47f9-956c-445b77fed1d4 | Which of the following is an increased risk of breast cancer? | Sclerosing adenosis | Atypical hyperplasia | Fibroadenoma | Florid hyperplasia | 1b | single | Ans is b i.e. Atypical hyperplasia A history of breast biopsy for benign breast disease have an increased risk of breast cancer. The degree of increase in risk depends on the specific epithelial abnormality. The table below shows the relative associated risks for patients with benign histologic findings. American Board... | Surgery | null |
c8e729ed-d3fb-4dce-8db9-f58bda30ba41 | Most specific antiemetic for chemotherapy induced vomiting is: | Granisetron | Tegaserod | Domperidone | Doxylamine | 0a | single | Ans. (A) Granisetron(Ref: Harrison 20th/e p501)Drugs for chemotherapy induced vomiting5 HT3 blockers like ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, palonosetron and ramosetron are DOC for this condition.Palonosetron is most potent 5 HT3 blocker. Dolasetron may prolong QT interval.Palonosetron has longest t1/2 whereas ondan... | Pharmacology | G.I.T |
2ab5999f-e897-4b04-af86-be7183f3eeb5 | Maple syrup urine disease is characterised by all except - | Hypotonia | Hypertonia | Pancreatitis | Hypopigmentation | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypopigmentation* Maple syrup urine disease is caused by a defect of branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKADH), the enzyme which is involved in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids - valine, leucine and isoleucine* The disorder is so called because of the classic sweet odour observed in ... | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
36cdda96-0d7c-482c-b0c8-c6aba464c62c | The typical appearance of 'Granulation tissue' is due to | Thrombosed capillaries | Budding ends of capillaries | Densely packed collagen | Chronic inflammatory cells | 1b | single | The term granulation tissue derives from its pink, so, granular appearance on the surface of wounds, and the characteristic histological features include the formation of the new vessels (angiogenesis) with budding ends of capillaries and proliferation of fibroblast. | Pathology | All India exam |
5b4d7649-a542-4762-b5b7-3a6a79ae5492 | Which of the following drugs should be sold only on prescription of a registered medical practitioner? | Schedule H drugs | Schedule X drugs | Schedule J drugs | Schedule Y drugs | 0a | single | (a) Schedule H drugsRef: Sharma & Sharma's Principles of Pharmacology, 3rd edpg. 6 and style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif">.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?re/id=101251* According to the drugs and cosmetic act, 1940 (rules 1945), schedule H deals with the drugs which must be s... | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology |
45e20714-ddfc-444d-bd73-7a212bf1d315 | Blau syndrome is associated with mutation of: | NOD2/CARD 15 gene | NOD 1/CARD 1 gene | NOD2/CARD 10 gene | NOD3/CARD 12 gene | 0a | single | Ans: (a) NOD2/CARD 15 geneRef: Harrison, 19th edition, Page 2215 and Genetic Home ReferenceBlau's syndromeCaused by mutations in CARD15 (also known as NOD2), which regulates nuclear factor-xB activation.The protein produced from this gene helps defend the body from foreign invaders, such as viruses and bacteria, by pla... | Pathology | Genetics |
bf916622-79ca-4c94-885d-6e73669171be | Which cooking oil bast most PUFA? | Safflower oil | Coconut oil | Butter | Vanaspati | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Safflower oil | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
8dcbd9d1-33ab-4e5c-9167-be70a888255c | Supranuclear lesion of facial nerve affects | Lower pa of face | Upper pa of face | Face | Spares Face | 0a | single | It is caused by cerebrovascular accidents (haemorrhage, thrombosis or embolism), tumour or an abscess. It causes paralysis of only the lower half of face on the contralateral side. Forehead movements are retained due to bilateral innervation of frontalis muscle. Involuntary emotional movements and the tone of facial mu... | ENT | Ear |
5c2666a3-14d5-40f7-90b2-554a8cdfed47 | A young patients presented with loss of sensation in sole of foot with paralysis of medial side of plantar muscles of the foot, Most likely nerve involvement is | Common peroneal nerve | Deep peroneal nerve | Superficial peroneal nerve | Tibial nerve | 3d | single | TIBIAL NERVE:- Root value:ventral division of ventral rami of L4,L5,S1,S2,S3 segments of spinal cord.Beginning: largest subdivision of sciatic nerve.Course: descends veically in popliteal fossa. It continues in back of leg as the neurovascular bundle with posterior tibial vessels. Lastly passes deep to flexor retinacul... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
f03e4711-9b06-4b69-b05c-770c3aff7047 | 34-year-old patient has moderately severe new onset asthma, and physician gave him a selective b2 agonist inhaler. All of the following signs can be seen in this patient after taking the drug EXCEPT? | Tachycardia | Skeletal muscle tremor | Hypoglycemia | Hypokalemia | 2c | multi | Tremor is a common b2 action, Beta 2 agonists increase the movement of K inside the cells, so these can result in hypokalemia. This action is the basis of use of salbutamol in treatment of hyperkalemia At high doses, selectivity is lost and therefore overdose of beta 2 agonists can result in tachycardia. Beta2 agonist ... | Pharmacology | Sympathetic System |
310723c7-90f0-484d-9c65-13e85ca5f7f9 | Features of vernal conjunctivitis are –a) Shield ulcerb) Horner–Trantas spotsc) Papillary hypertrophy d) Herbert pitse) Pannus | ab | bc | abc | bcd | 2c | single | Conjunctival signs of spring catarrh
.Palpebral form: Papillary hypertrophy, cobblestone appearance (Pavement stone appearance).
Bulbar form: Dusky triangular congestion, gelatinous thickening around limbus, Horner - Tranta's spot. Corneal signs (vernal keratopathy)
Punctate epithelial keratitis
Ulcerative vernal ke... | Ophthalmology | null |
93a2d226-d05f-44d0-a4fa-62b8b2636916 | Total fluid secreted by salivary gland, stomach, pancrease and itestine in a day - | 2000ml | 4000ml | 6500 ml | 10000 ml | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 6500 ml Daily water turnover (mL) in the gastrointestinal tractIngested 2000Endogenous secretions 7000Salivary glands1500 Stomach2500 Bile500 Pancreas1500 Intestine+ 1000 7000 Total input 9000Reabsorbed 8800Jejunum5500 Ileum2000 Colon+ 1300 8800 Balance in stool 200 | Physiology | Secretory Functions of the Alimentary Tract |
e41ff274-2a84-4adb-b888-2c1759628584 | Most common radiosensitive ovarian tumour ? | Dysgerminoma | Granulosa cell tumour | Teratoma | Theca cell tumour | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dysgerminomao Dysgerminomas are extremely radiosensitive, and even those that have extended beyond the ovary can generally be controlled by radiotherapy. | Pathology | null |
eae532f5-8db4-4bea-ae20-7977fabc8695 | "Herald patch" is characteristic feature of - | Pityriasis rubra pilaris | Psoriasis | Lichen planus | Pityriasis rosea | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Pityriasis rosea o Herald patch or mother patch is a characteristic feature of P. rosea.o P. rosea is a common scaly disorder, occuring usually in children and young adults (10-35 years). Characterized by round/oval pink brown patches with a superficial, centrifugal scale, distributed over trunk in a ... | Skin | Erythmato-Squamous and Lichenoid Eruption |
3b45f0a8-8f4f-4173-9587-f2fb92bd6471 | Shock lung is characterized by | Alveolar proteinosis | Bronchiolitis obliterans | Diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage | Diffuse alveolar damage | 3d | single | ref Robbins 7/r p715,9/e p134 Harrison 17/e p1680_1681 The cellular and tissue effects of shock are essentially those of hypoxic injury (Chapter 1) and are caused by a combina- tion of hypoperfusion and microvascular thrombosis. Although any organ can be affected, brain, hea, kidneys, adrenals, and gastrointestinal tra... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
d99bdc41-a942-4f38-b12d-aac28e388fe6 | Most common muscle involved in Tropical pyomyositis | Biceps | Triceps | Quadriceps | Gluteus | 2c | single | Tropical pyomyositis is caused by S.Aureus which mainly involves Quadriceps > Gluteus. | Microbiology | null |
dec7f8a0-a2b6-4f34-9e99-8bab80009df9 | Visual analog scale is a - | Pain scale | Pressure scale | Vision scale | Auditory scale | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pain scale Visual analog Scaleo The visual analogue scale or visual analog scale (VAS) is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires.o It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured,o When responding to a VAS item, res... | Psychiatry | Symptoms & Signs |
938988e3-76c1-41b1-b020-5493af058160 | Type of pneumonia in P. jiroveci: | Lobar pneumonia | Interstitial pneumonia | Bronchopneumonia | Any of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. b. Interstitial pneumonia | Microbiology | null |
c32ba701-cefd-4a4b-a22e-b630303a5c41 | Which of the following neurotransmitter has an inhibitory control over the GnRH neurons before the onset of pubey? | Glycine | Glutamate | Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) | Beta-endorphin | 2c | single | Before the onset of pubey, the GnRH neurons are under the inhibitory control of GABA. Gamma amino butyric acid is a dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus. Inhibition of GnRH neurons by GABA is mediated Glutamergic neurons. A reciprocal innervations between GABAergic and Glutamergic neurons are found.... | Physiology | null |
4f4bbdf5-cd01-4ed4-81f1-180cbb2aa8f7 | A middle aged female presents with chronic pain in right side of abdomen with intermittent fever. Clinical examination revealed mild hepatomegaly and hence a contrast enhanced CT abdomen was performed. Based on the imaging characteristics of this focal lesion the most likely diagnosis is? | Liver abscess | Hydatid cyst | HCC | Hepatic adenoma | 1b | single | Ans. B. Hydatid cystThe Portal phase CT demonstrates a large cystic structure with a discrete wall, separated internal membranes and several 'daughter cysts'This is an infection of the liver with Echinococcus granulosus, a parasitic tapeworm presents worldwide and transmitted from sheep, foxes and other wild animals to... | Radiology | G.I.T. |
fb865f28-72e2-4d53-ab73-361d218151af | Millard Gubler syndrome includes the following except | 5th nerve palsy | 6th nerve palsy | 7th nerve palsy | Contralateral hemiparesis | 0a | multi | Millard-Gubler syndrome (MGS) is one of the classical brainstem-crossed syndromes caused due to a unilateral lesion in ventral pons, manifesting as ipsilateral palsy of CN VI and VII with contralateral hemiplegia Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2234 | Medicine | C.N.S |
2178c430-5d6b-4d56-bd67-f41bc435991e | C. trachomatis is a well-known cause of venereal disease. This organism is also implicated in which of the following? | Classic trachoma infection | Sexually transmitted cardiac disease in adults | Perinatal retinitis | Middle-ear infection in young children | 0a | multi | Trachoma has been the greatest single cause of blindness in the world. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease in the United States and is also responsible for the majority of cases of infant conjunctivitis and infant pneumonia. | Microbiology | Bacteria |
9cb6505c-e076-4b5f-b206-a4ffb3394aad | Prostaglandins are produced by ? | Neutrophils | Endothelium | Macrophages | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | Pathology | null |
90d5e93d-1095-49f8-8f38-1a7bd0a6ce7f | All of the following statements about Parvovirus B -19 are TRUE, EXCEPT: | DNA virus | Crosses placenta in only < 10% of cases | Can cause severe anemia | Can cause Aplastic crisis | 1b | multi | Parvovirus B-19 causes a infection called Erythema infectiosum or Fifth disease. Around 50-70% cases are around 5-15 years of age. Transmission from mother to fetus is around 15-30%. It causes, anemia, aplastic crisis, rashes, ahralgia, rarely hydrops fetalis. Ref: Kliegman, Behrman, Jenson, Stanton (2008), "Nelson tex... | Microbiology | null |
bb2a7aec-3661-45d1-b04d-dbdc827a1a3b | 'Pie in the sky' visual field defect seen in lesions of: | Optic tract | Temporal coex | Optic chiasma | Occipital coex | 1b | single | A. Left Hemianopia Left optic nerve lesion B. Bitemporal Hemianopia Optic chiasm lesion C. Right Nasal Hemianopia Outer optic tract lesion Internal carotid aery thrombus D. Right Homonymous Hemianopia Optic tract lesion E. Right Superior Quadrantanopia Meyer's Loop lesion Left temporal lesion F. Right Inferior Quadrant... | Medicine | JIPMER 2017 |
91ced434-5bf5-4549-be6c-0a89f3709f4f | What is true regarding Barret's esophagus: | Seen in females | Premalignant | Responds to conservative management | Squamous metaplasia is seen | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Premalignant condition) Barret's oesophagus is a premalignant condition with increased risk of adenocarcinoma. Barret's esophagus is more common in males More common in males (Males > Females)0 More common in White (Whites > Blacks)e More common with increasing ageU Barret's metaplasia once established doe... | Medicine | null |
35712a2e-6730-46c6-81ae-6cc1d4a2e601 | Combined oral pill reduces the risk of: | Breast cancer | Ovarian cancer | Cervical cancer | Vaginal cancer | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
88b4d6b4-790c-40a1-997a-bb0d94d28ab9 | Gas shadow in hea and vessels are seen in | IUD | Still bih | Aboion | Live IUGR | 0a | single | Robe sign - the presence of a gas shadow within the hea or the greater vessels, seen in cases of fetal death in utero.It is a rare sign caused by postmoem blood degeneration, usually seen 1-2 days after death; and may be seen as early as 12 hours(Ref: Diagnostic Ultrasound by Carol M. Rumack, Stephanie R. Wilson, J. Wi... | Radiology | All India exam |
cd73e9ab-24cb-48ad-ba16-d355b8cb219a | Structures passing through the centre of the cavernous sinus | Occulomotor nerve | Trochlear nerve | Maxillary nerve | Abducent nerve | 3d | single | null | Anatomy | null |
0b62ad34-9ae0-4aad-b129-76b16aff73d8 | Latte's crust of blood stain is used to detect: NEET 14 | Nature of stain | Detection species | Blood group | Secretor status | 2c | single | Ans. Blood group | Forensic Medicine | null |
002e3dba-a304-4b6f-b5ad-841c9772915e | The cause of fetal death in ectopic pregnancy is postulated as: | Vascular accident | Nutritional adequacy | Endocrine insufficiency | Immune response to mother | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Vascular accidentRef Williams Gynae 1/e, p 158Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of early pregnancy related deaths.Most common cause of death in ectopic pregnancy is tubal rupture - severe hemorrhage - death.Ectopic pregnancy can have 2 outcomes:1. Tubal abortion - M/C outcome. It is most common out... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Ecotopic Pregnancy |
2751c757-3052-4d6e-b50f-aca1f07102b4 | When a stretch reflex occurs the muscles that antagonize the action of the muscle involved relaxes. This phenomenon is known as: | Inverse stretch reflex | Reciprocal innervation | Autogenic inhibition | Lenthening reaction | 1b | single | Reciprocal innervation is a phenomenon in which, when a stretch reflex occurs the muscles that anotogonize the action of the muscle involved relaxes. The pathway mediating this effect is bisynaptic. Golgi bottle neurons (inhibitory interneurons) are involved in this phenomenon. Ref:Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology... | Physiology | null |
95a54f5b-6f8e-4b73-81f4-1fb6ce8c95b1 | Jaw tightness is typically seen in: | PAN | Coarctation of aoa | Giant cell aeritis | Wegner's Granulomatosis | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Giant Cell Aeritis): Jaw Claudication (law Tightness) is a typical manifestation of Temporal aeritis or Giant cell aeritis. | Medicine | null |
58493f13-b284-4c8b-aea8-ac91c6906bb4 | Salpingitis/Endosalpingitis is best confirmed by: | Hysteroscopy and laparoscopy | X-ray | Hysterosalpingography | Sonosalpingography | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Hysteroscopy and laparoscopyRef: Shaw 15th/ed, p451; William's Gynae 1st/ed, p74; Gynecology by Ostrzenski (Lippincott Williams 2(X)l/282); Dutta Gynae 6th/ed, p130Laparoscopy is considered the "gold standard". While it is the most reliable aid to support the clinical diagnosis but it may not be feasibl... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexually Transmitted Disease in the Female |
4812d943-20cc-454d-ba06-36f3cfa8f1a1 | Lymes disease all are true except | Borellia bourgdroferi replicates locally and invades locally | Infection progresses inspite of good humoral jmmunity | Polymorphonuclear lymphocytosis in CSF suggest meningial involvement | IgA intrathecally confirms meningitis | 2c | multi | Polymorphonuclear leucocytosis in C.S.F. suggests meningeal involvement Spread of infection and immune response in Lyme disease Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi. Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted to humans the bite of ixodes tick vector. Borrelia burgdorferi is inoculated in the skin, where local replic... | Microbiology | null |
cd310389-1769-4e19-ae9d-7147dbba43a8 | Approximate time, at the end of which the quantity of ATP within ischemic cardiac myocytes is reduced to 10% of the original is | <2 minutes | 10 minutes | 20 minutes | 40 minutes | 3d | single | Metabolic changes slow as the duration of ischemia increases. Irreversibly injured myocytes exhibit (a) very low levels of ATP (less than 10% of control); (b) cessation of anaerobic glycolysis; (c) high levels of H+, AMP, INO, lactate, and alpha GP; (d) a greatly increased osmolar load; (e) mitochondrial swelling and f... | Pathology | General pathology |
28d9381a-fe86-4e2c-83c4-b3e91be76174 | Aluminium phosphide poisoning - all true except | subendocardial infarction | produces phosphine gas | oesophageal stricture | inhibits cytochrome a oxidase | 3d | multi | inhibits cytochrome a oxidase Aluminium phosphide produces phosphine gas on coming in contact with moisture which inhibits cytochrome c oxidase (and not cytochrome a oxidase). Sub-endocardial infarction and esophageal strictures both have been described with ALP poisoning (Ref: various journals on web) Aluminium phosph... | Forensic Medicine | null |
14879dd5-20b7-461e-ad63-febe0162ea20 | The small intestine secretes various triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, but the liver secretes only | Chylomicrons | VLDLs | LDLs | HDLs | 1b | multi | Although both chylomicrons and VLDLs are triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, the liver, unlike the small intestine, produces only VLDLs. LDLs and HDLs are not triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Chylomicron remnants are generated in the circulation by the metabolism of chylomicrons. | Pathology | All India exam |
8ffe0336-2c8c-4875-a000-57fda3308b3b | Snyder's test measures | Amount of acid produced | Number of new caries lesion | Buffering action of saliva | Antibiotic activity of saliva | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
60147ab1-bfb5-4f1e-b85e-6c5cec69444b | Features not seen in Cushing's Syndrome is : | Hypoglycemia | Hypeension | Frank psychosis | Hypokalemia | 0a | single | Answer is A (Hypoglycemia): Cushing's syndrome is characterised by Hy perglycemia. Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance causes increase in blood glucose. Hypeension is common, & emotional changes may be profound, ranging from irritability & emotional liability to severe depressions, confusion or eve... | Medicine | null |
e4f44e40-d163-49f9-9291-508de06c13ab | Fulminant hepatitis is most commonly associated with which type of hepatitis - | Hepatitis A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis D | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hepatitis B Fulminant hepatits* The most feared complication of viral hepatitis is fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis); fortunately, this is a rare event.* Fulminant hepatitis is primarily seen in hepatitis B and D, as well as hepatitis E, but rare fulminant cases of hepatitis A occur prima... | Medicine | Infection |
019d5e6b-3ee0-4586-b24b-6e8b6bd4d3fe | Blood samples for glucose estimation are collected in fluoride bulbs/tubes as fluride prevents glycolysis byinhibition of | Enolase | Aldolase | Glucokinase | Phosphofructokinase | 0a | single | Ans. a (Enolase) (Ref. Harper's Illustrated 26th ed., 137; 27th/Ch. 18)ENOLASE# The step of glycolysis catalyzed by enolase involves dehydration, forming phosphoenolpyruvate.# Enolase is inhibited by fluoride.- To prevent glycolysis in the estimation of glucose, blood is collected in tubes containing fluoride.# The enz... | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
4ccd65c3-6daf-4481-9990-d954037a2684 | Which is a communicating hydrocele? | Vaginal hydrocele | Hydrocele of the cord | Infantile hydrocele | Funicular hydrocele | 3d | single | Funicular hydrocele Communicating hydrocele: (a) Funicular hydrocele, and (b) Congenital hydrocele. a. Funicular Hydrocele: Processus vaginalis remains patent up to the top where it is shut off from the tunica vaginalis. Diagnostic features: (i) The swelling is inguinal rather than scrotal. (ii) The test is it can be f... | Surgery | null |
a46a0529-1fba-4d04-ae8b-f932892359f3 | Compound odontoma shows on a radiograph as | Supernumerary teeth | Radiolucent and radiopaque areas | Masses of calcified areas | Distinguishable tooth -Like structures | 3d | single | null | Pathology | null |
ac019b99-9105-4cf9-8542-46e8229e88de | 1st evidence of calcification of Maxillary deciduous Lateral incisor occurs | 14 wk IU | 16 wk IU | 17 wk IU | 15 wk IU | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
98c1ec0d-c674-409d-844c-16a0081eda59 | Which of the following structures is most significant in resisting hyperextension of the hip joint?, | Pubofemoral ligament | Ischiofemoral ligament | Iliofemoral ligament | Gluteus maximus muscle | 2c | single | The Iliofemoral Ligament resist both hyperextension and lateral rotation at the hip joint. The Pubofemoral ligament reinforces the joint inferiorly and limits extension and abduction. The Ischiofemoral ligament reinforces the joint posteriorly and limits extension and medial rotation. The Gluteus Maximus muscle extends... | Anatomy | Bones Joints and Ligaments |
757ad506-4f62-489d-8eb4-56b4501326e5 | Rhinophyma occurs as complication of | Acne vulgais | Acne rosacea | Psoriasis | Plicinphigus | 1b | single | Rosacea:-Chronic skin infection characterised by symptoms of facial flushing and a spectrum of signs including erythema, telangiectasia,coarseness of skin and inflammatory papulopustular lesion.Features:-1. Red papules and pustules on nose ,forehead,cheeks and chin.2. Frequent flushing 3. Aggravated by sun exposure,foo... | Dental | Photosensitive disorders |
e5070298-ba70-4797-ba07-d1f277f7f5ad | In CuT 200, the number stands for: | SurfaceAreaofCopper | Weight of Cu in microgram | Weight of Cu in milligram | Effective half life in weeks | 0a | single | Ans: A (Surface...) "The number included in the names of the devices refer to the surface area (in sq, mm) of the copper on the device. Park 21st/459 IUDs: Review of Facts# CuT-200 B being used in India , under the national family welfare programme,Later CuT 380A is introduced in the programme.# Studies have shown that... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Family Planning |
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