id stringlengths 36 36 | text stringlengths 39 1k | metadata stringlengths 414 536 | embedding stringlengths 9.43k 9.57k |
|---|---|---|---|
a27311bb-07f6-4594-a05a-e3b48a178d2a | Activated carbon
Activated carbon
Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal, is a form of
carbon commonly used to filter contaminants from water and
air, among many other uses. It is processed (activated) to have
small, low-volume pores that greatly increase the surface
area
[1][2]
available for
adsorption
... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 26, "from": 1}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00'... | [0.08986475,0.049222007,-0.1821398,-0.056549426,0.056955464,-0.016812209,0.018311894,0.04814082,-0.0075628087,-0.038568586,-0.002007608,0.013233411,0.051397998,0.021226916,0.03668205,-0.031077994,-0.012818071,-0.046397775,-0.0045094644,0.059743103,-0.05502088,-0.08671482,0.021859635,-0.029638372,0.018750807,0.024023136... |
78361391-6602-4466-8c2f-402d20e6e620 | activated carbon has a surface area of over 3,000 square
metres per gram (920,000 square feet per ounce),
[1][2][4]
as determined by gas absorption and its porosity can run
10ML/day in terms of treated water per gram. Researchers at Cornell University synthesized an ultrahigh surface area
activated carbo... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 39, "from": 23}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00... | [0.05928843,0.08240095,-0.1840016,-0.044605415,0.037650935,-0.03499336,0.004150561,0.04958013,-0.025726166,-0.014761143,0.012395897,0.0025084675,0.08631985,-0.013371253,0.019707637,-0.027800897,-0.028285244,-0.050485577,0.0008466356,0.04503267,-0.048713967,-0.10331057,0.008705504,-0.03887571,-0.0149024585,0.0035561484,... |
7a2654ea-95ac-4496-a31c-71767163096d | like olive stones, rice husks and nutshell shells which are also being upcycled into activated carbon, diversifying
feedstock supply. Furthermore, waste from paper mills has been studied as a possible source of activated carbon.
[7]
These bulk sources are converted into charcoal before being activated. Using wast... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 62, "from": 39}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00... | [0.031386655,0.043044295,-0.17235078,-0.049870484,0.05990025,-0.06180822,-0.036186565,0.02642321,-0.012547699,-0.0072749923,0.01983331,-0.01445142,0.11672916,0.0061486308,0.013559872,-0.0043027084,-0.037325185,-0.022898091,0.009681323,0.09265163,-0.04205445,-0.104336664,0.021024212,-0.07911294,-0.0042352597,-0.00444738... |
c4a24e97-a0b0-4084-97f7-acf01fe981d3 | 3
PO
4
) methods to introduce a
porous network, yielding a high-surface-area adsorbent which is referred to as activated coal.
Activated carbon is used in
methane
and
hydrogen
storage,
[1][2]
air purification
,
[8]
capacitive deionization,
supercapacitive swing adsorption, solvent recovery, decaffeination, ... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 78, "from": 53}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00... | [0.048652235,0.03990157,-0.1727447,-0.038459267,0.070520766,-0.060359515,-0.001250722,0.016891176,-0.010054159,-0.00880548,-0.012401385,-0.002126194,0.09261704,-0.018303612,0.016973771,-0.022292007,-0.040851165,-0.014837576,0.00073143863,0.030254202,-0.040512614,-0.08921866,0.04395338,-0.047460657,0.010694711,0.0076542... |
e34e7656-4028-4a2e-94d3-a827c7df7c35 | purification, sewage treatment, metal finishing and more. For example, it is the main purification technique for removing
organic impurities from bright nickel plating solutions used for metal finishing plants. Expanding on electroplating, a
variety of organic chemicals can be added to the plating solutions for improvi... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 82, "from": 78}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00... | [0.07266115,0.047351543,-0.14386974,-0.037884302,0.049733333,-0.036893114,-0.007696386,0.008457561,0.028138144,0.031243114,0.0008435036,0.019374738,0.06829844,-0.03146208,-0.060456824,-0.018244488,0.0020758603,-0.0699942,0.012593912,0.045518216,-0.019935006,-0.040371567,0.010014509,-0.013206648,0.046164516,0.07916632,0... |
cc374c45-441a-49d4-bf17-afaad4fd2261 | Activated charcoal for medical use
properties like brightness, smoothness, ductility, etc. This is due to the passage of direct current and electrolytic reactions
of anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction, organic additives generate unwanted breakdown products in solution. Their
excessive build up in the solutions can... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 93, "from": 84}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+00... | [0.076615535,0.020150572,-0.16926062,-0.044864934,0.06848066,-0.029875726,0.013504895,0.03780327,-0.00091880484,0.012564282,-0.012165284,0.045107048,0.036877293,0.0023424923,-0.012053535,0.00034014523,-0.011611178,-0.02955555,0.0064510982,0.051622745,-0.062349424,-0.058802873,-3.757114e-05,-0.0368536,0.008686003,0.0431... |
a5d0b95c-2312-414a-b691-4279d8f7ac90 | is treated in the plant.
Activated carbon is used to treat poisonings and overdoses following oral
ingestion. Tablets or capsules of activated carbon are used in many countries
as an over-the-counter drug to treat diarrhea, indigestion, and flatulence.
However, activated charcoal shows no effect on intestinal gas a... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 122, "from": 92}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+0... | [0.05044327,0.040798716,-0.1529216,-0.017372625,0.081174076,-0.018732704,-0.051535618,0.059182264,0.011653463,-0.03796095,0.002008277,0.018384123,0.07801437,8.630304e-06,0.024137298,-0.0072826385,-0.0117276795,-0.015553998,-0.014925958,0.023418756,-0.07669277,-0.06313211,-0.000619144,-0.05022714,0.010679558,0.038463365... |
e040200f-0248-41b8-b78c-0d5e915ce6d0 | Medicines
.
[12]
Incorrect application (e.g. into the lungs) results in pulmonary aspiration, which can sometimes be fatal if immediate
medical treatment is not initiated.
[13]
Activated carbon, in 50% w/w combination with celite, is used as stationary phase in low-pressure chromatographic
separation of carbohydrates (... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 137, "from": 117}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.06627511,0.029346254,-0.13964793,-0.019142834,0.054881223,-0.031368148,-0.01984708,0.008200786,-0.03089834,-0.018953582,-0.0049858256,0.0034826878,0.057688527,-0.01814324,0.0310615,-0.040854406,0.001471818,-0.019975152,-0.02159121,0.04613571,-0.077269085,-0.06783111,0.009336394,-0.06446531,0.06839875,0.07178554,-0.0... |
67ed4dcd-9160-402c-ab42-019fa2044e59 | clotting factors, heparin or most other anticoagulants
[15]
this allows a plasma sample to be analyzed for abnormalities
otherwise affected by the DOACs.
Carbon adsorption has numerous applications in removing pollutants from air or water streams both in the field and in
industrial processes such as:
Spill cleanup
Gro... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 162, "from": 134}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.06961654,0.031024637,-0.16773048,-0.057001308,0.045226872,-0.015766323,0.017511081,0.03542016,0.017041786,-0.015005411,0.048257764,0.027569281,0.0553581,0.00016760317,4.152637e-05,-0.014168242,0.013098773,-0.03026165,-0.042936556,0.028242506,-0.04070565,-0.048349712,0.0055544144,-0.030643923,0.031140525,0.06852219,-... |
9e177fcd-f00b-4916-b835-6408fdc8c484 | Activated carbon is usually used in water
filtration systems. In this illustration, the
activated carbon is in the fourth level
(counted from bottom).
During early implementation of the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act in the US,
EPA officials developed a rule that proposed requiring drinking water
treatment systems to... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 182, "from": 164}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.06751227,0.05224322,-0.1717663,-0.03943836,0.05595786,0.0123287365,0.027024582,0.01743391,-0.0019927146,0.018509965,-0.0063705924,0.0039884644,0.060570575,0.025277058,-0.0077969865,-0.034913223,-0.024942214,-0.03207044,-0.027046371,0.038396288,-0.051006325,-0.05562368,0.017171687,-0.04271497,0.030591633,0.043717444,... |
d3102b26-d2d9-4f1b-9a09-94ffa22ca4ac | involved.
[18]
In wastewater treatment, granulated activated carbon filters are implemented
as an additional treatment step for removal of organic micropollutants such
as pharmaceutical products,
[17][20]
many of which are not entirely removed
in traditional wastewater treatment processes.
[21]
Pollutants adsorb to... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 201, "from": 179}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.03159158,0.029973311,-0.18024534,-0.0307482,0.084871896,-0.038495973,-0.004982279,0.043101665,-0.010125588,0.0019885532,0.011026897,0.0174048,0.062101677,0.0060504535,-0.021597488,-0.013759879,-0.004295031,-0.03472149,-0.019356258,0.040501937,-0.03773271,-0.06344483,0.039231002,-0.056437854,0.051296823,0.05329214,-0... |
7390abb3-ca28-4093-af8c-42f493a35cf2 | and disinfectant.
[24]
In organic winemaking, activated carbon is allowed for use as a processing agent to adsorb brown
color pigments from white grape concentrates.
[25]
It is sometimes used as
biochar
.
Activated carbon filters (AC filters) can be used to filter vodka and whiskey of organic impurities which can af... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 225, "from": 199}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.02168909,0.030883575,-0.18297757,-0.018813398,0.056551013,-0.05526104,-0.038483594,0.05883979,-0.022245899,-0.0069182157,0.00041373505,0.029988712,0.035926346,0.034086645,-0.01198257,-0.0027057468,-0.00073984475,-0.030096123,0.009159529,0.028790003,-0.07776554,-0.05647394,0.0022963004,-0.044860322,0.059867203,0.0579... |
4a0b8e70-9725-4dd2-b3a8-300381280b65 | Waals forces
. Some carbons have been able to achieve binding energies of 5–10 kJ per
mol
.
[27]
The gas may then be
desorbed when subjected to higher temperatures and either combusted to do work or in the case of hydrogen gas
extracted for use in a hydrogen fuel cell. Gas storage in activated carbons is an ... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 240, "from": 220}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.03142163,0.07136224,-0.1767676,-0.02244884,0.073057145,-0.03979696,-0.058043998,0.024185367,-0.051361043,-0.031521544,0.013660067,-0.005223232,0.019283019,-0.041731667,0.039907176,0.01634373,0.008098867,-0.019633152,-0.0020022115,0.04923308,-0.061937157,-0.075712636,-0.012453731,-0.044788927,0.02956874,0.041863844,-... |
bec10977-415d-4094-86cc-546e9c1f1727 | Filters with activated carbon are usually used in compressed air and gas purification to remove oil vapors, odor, and
other hydrocarbons from the air. The most common designs use a 1-stage or 2 stage filtration principle in which
activated carbon is embedded inside the filter media.
Activated carbon filters ar... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 250, "from": 242}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.043583162,0.0014545099,-0.1591654,-0.04332692,0.055681113,-0.039565742,-0.020128643,0.04062243,-0.019501867,-0.01397345,-0.012932258,0.005017022,0.053794835,0.026074667,0.022361934,-0.051114503,0.006159166,-0.023088057,0.0036344354,0.021735676,-0.05893379,-0.084648885,0.015896233,-0.055978075,0.0150350975,0.04388351... |
b256a6d0-cd30-47da-b627-d6a5cfbd6244 | unwanted colored organic impurities.
Filtration over activated carbon is used in large scale fine chemical and pharmaceutical processes for the same purpose.
The carbon is either mixed with the solution then filtered off or immobilized in a filter.
[29][30]
Activated carbon, often infused with sulfur
[31]
or iodine, i... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 264, "from": 249}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.030840967,0.06961961,-0.14300403,-0.058459442,0.063470036,-0.016306782,-0.029519212,0.05867017,0.007308277,0.014499596,-0.013498054,0.032962468,0.03288908,-0.023213388,0.040020265,-0.01924315,0.009256343,-0.013827651,0.008018722,0.08166988,-0.08128587,-0.10581083,0.0036043737,-0.04764732,0.01038315,0.051963806,-0.00... |
31aeba84-856c-4fe3-8d24-404f1b4157ef | concrete) for landfilling. However, waste containing greater than 260 ppm is considered to be in the high-mercury
subcategory and is banned from landfilling (Land-Ban Rule). This material is now accumulating in warehouses and in
deep abandoned mines at an estimated rate of 100 tons per year.
The problem of d... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 284, "from": 264}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.046838548,0.100336894,-0.16880451,-0.053243395,0.06447103,0.019595796,-0.0229534,0.0542382,-0.020256467,-0.022767287,0.008973382,0.04302514,0.051442116,-0.00984121,0.038205154,-0.052365433,-0.02522925,-0.01906336,-0.016688885,0.0926652,-0.05319805,-0.089265846,0.0022420846,-0.07407237,-0.023710841,0.03251383,0.00234... |
69d70ce9-7166-4ece-9181-8be6e0bfbc8d | birth control pills
and
antidepressants
,
[35]
are advised to avoid novelty foods or drinks that use activated
charcoal coloring since it can render the medication ineffective.
[36]
Activated charcoal is used in smoking filters
[37]
as a way to reduce the tar content and other chemicals present in smoke,
whi... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 303, "from": 277}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Activated carbon - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215091439+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215091439+... | [0.06077717,0.04096851,-0.15274373,-0.055474173,0.070035376,-0.040713012,-0.030965172,0.01461774,0.0048929933,9.674837e-05,0.0073711546,0.015356596,0.11046934,0.026483757,0.03266861,-0.052745573,0.0014598216,-0.02724814,0.0076310025,0.050101172,-0.08552882,-0.07738798,-0.003605673,-0.034482036,0.008393386,0.04135933,-0... |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Water Domain Knowledge Safety Wikipedia Embeddings
Pre-computed vector embeddings from Wikipedia articles covering Water, Water Filtration Methods, Biomes, and related topics — ready to drop into your RAG pipeline without any embedding overhead.
Dataset Details
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Embedding Model | nomic-ai/nomic-embed-text-v1.5 (135M) |
| Vector Dimensions | 768 |
| Source | Wikipedia |
| Topics | Water, water filtration methods, biomes, environments and more |
| Format | CSV (vectors + metadata) |
Quickstart
import pandas as pd
import ast
df = pd.read_csv("hf://datasets/rakhasetiawan/water-knowledge-embedding-wikipedia/blob/main/water_domain_vector_embeddings.csv")
# Convert the embedding column from string to list
df["embedding"] = df["embedding"].apply(ast.literal_eval)
print(df.head())
# text | embedding | title | url
License
Dataset content is sourced from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license.
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