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<s>. . , 𝐹𝑛 are the assumed features for sentence 𝑠 ∈ 𝑆, Bayes’ rule computes the probability that 𝑠 belongs to 𝑆𝑑, as (3.2), (3.3). Where, 𝑆𝑑 = set of sentences that are related to the document-element 𝑑 𝑆 = set of all sentences in the document 𝐷. We used (3.2), (3.3) to classify the correctly detected sen... |
<s>with 92% F1 measure with the set of exact “decision”. And we get the accuracy [12] by the following way for “decision”: 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑦 = 𝐴𝑙𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛/𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 (5.1) Here, the achieved accuracy is 86% for all 29 documents. Table 5.2. Total Set of Data with Precision, R... |
<s>5.5. It showed the top TextRank from equation (3.9), (3.10) sentences using cosine similarity where the red words are the keyword extracted by tf-idf and Rake algorithm. Most of these words are from our 20 keyword knowledge base. TextRank also verifies the common frequency words from both tf-idf and Rake. From the T... |
<s>accuracy is achieved for a sample Dataset to detect decisions from the PDF documents. CHAPTER VI Conclusions 6.1 Summary Now-a-days large volume of produced Bangla files maintenance and analysis have been a key concern in different aspects of data computing like Big Data. But the margin of large volume is increasing... |
<s>mathematical document analysis from PDF. In Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), 2011 International Conference on (pp. 463-467). IEEE, 2011. 6. Zanibbi, R. and Blostein, D., 2012. Recognition and retrieval of mathematical expressions. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 15(4), p... |
<s>10, 2018 25. http://www.xpdfreader.com/about.html, Accessed on August 10, 2018 26. https://www.pdflib.com/products/tet/, Accessed on August 10, 2018 27. Bhatia, S., Mitra, P. and Giles, C.L., Finding algorithms in scientific articles. In Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web (pp. 1061-10... |
<s>of the ACL 2004 on Interactive poster and demonstration sessions (p. 20). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2004. 52. Brin, S. and Page, L., The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine. Computer networks and ISDN systems, 30(1-7), pp.107-117, 1998. 53. Erkan, G. and Radev, D.R., Lexrank: Gra... |
<s>Symptom-Based Disease Detection System In Bengali Using Convolution Neural NetworkSee discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335935059Symptom-Based Disease Detection System In Bengali Using ConvolutionNeural NetworkConference Paper · June 2019DOI: 10... |
<s>considering numerous work on speech recognition system and natural language processing. Bengali is one of the most popular languages (ranked 7th worldwide), as one-sixth of words’ population speak Bengali [3][4]. So the primary focus is to work on the Bengali language to develop the human-computer interaction. This ... |
<s>is still under development. Also, for classification on Enam Biswas Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: mrnorman.enam@gmail.com Amit Kumar Das Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: amit.csedu@gmail.com 2... |
<s>we didn’t use the traditional way of splitting a portion of training data. We have collected the test data in voice and text form from patients of Dr. Md. Shafiqur Rahman6. Before the collection of data, patients were notified about the data collection and the reason behind it. Also for the data collection, personal... |
<s>চছোট [choto] েোে [laal] িোগ [dag]। 1MedicineNet is a medical website that provides detailed information about diseases, conditions, medications and general health. https://www.medicinenet.com/ 2Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit academic medical center. https://www.mayoclinic.org/ 3WebMD provides valuable health information... |
<s>Also during the data cleaning procedure, unnecessary characters were eliminated. E. Data Validation To ensure data quality (correctness and usefulness), the concept of crowdsourcing is used for dataset validation. Participation of the group of people for this task was voluntary, and participants are well notified ab... |
<s>during the process. 1) Formulation of CNN: For i-th word in a sentence let vi ∈ Rk be the k-dimensional word vector. For representing a sentence with length l – 𝑣𝑖:𝑛𝑣𝑖𝑣𝑖+1 𝑣𝑛So, 𝑣𝑖:𝑛 is referring as a concatenation () of words 𝑣𝑖 , 𝑣𝑖+1 , , 𝑣𝑛 . A filter ... |
<s>[ja] রক্তেোে [roktopat] fastText রক্তেোে [roktopat] স্বোভোমব্ক [shavabik] রক্ত [rokto] অস্বোভোব্ [oshavab] For term “pain”, the detected context words seem almost similar except য [ja], detected with word2vec models. Overall fastText performed better with an average score of 0.988 (word2vec CBOW – 0.708 and word2vec... |
<s>better with a larger dataset. We aim to check our hypothesis with more patient-doctor conversational data. REFERENCES [1] Medical diagnosis, “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosis” accessed on March 9, 2019. [2] M. R. Ullah, M. A. R. Bhuiyan and A. K. Das, “IHEMHA: Interactive healthcare system design with... |
<s>Detecting Abusive Comments in Discussion Threads Using Naïve BayesDetecting Abusive Comments in Discussion Threads Using Naïve Bayes Md. Abdul Awal Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh awal.kuet@yahoo.com Md. Shamimur Rahman Dep... |
<s>be full of spam and their comments are probably going to be suffocated in an ocean of spam. • The owners or proprietors of sites may observe less user involvement and graduallypoor quality traffic. Abuse or misconduct on a commenting framework varies from spam to comments which are infelicitous. Users often recogniz... |
<s>a rule-based expert system, a supervised machine learning model, and a hybrid approach to automatically detect cyberbullying. The author showed that the expert system performs better than the machine learning and hybrid approach model. Nahar et al. [9] proposed a semi-supervised leaning methodwhich will enlarge trai... |
<s>steady and strong were used as the task of opinion mining. Most of the research works mentioned above only deal with the detection of abusive comments expressed in English. But the purpose of this research is to detect abusive comments expressed in Bangla. III. METHODOLOGY Offensive language detection in social netw... |
<s>the absence of that token in a document. The preprocessed dataset is then prepared into a bag-of-word (BOW) vector that calculates the occurrence of a particular word in a particular comment. C. Model selection: A classifier can be utilized to moderate a website and operates quicker than having human moderators or u... |
<s>2. From (5) it is noticed that, a bunch of probabilities are multiplied together to find out the probability that a document associates to a particular class. Multiplication of too many small numbers causes underflow or produces an incorrect result. To solve this problem, natural logarithm of each probabilities are ... |
<s>EXPERIMENTALANALYSIS. Actual Class Abusive Not Abusive Abusive 103 True Positives 24 False Positives Not Abusive 30 False Negatives 121 True Negatives TABLE III.RESULT OF EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS. Precision Recall Accuracy F1 Score = 103103 + 24= 0.81 = 103103 + 30= 0.77 = 103 + 121103 + 121 + 30 + 24 × 100 = 80.57 % =... |
<s>2016, Montreal, Canada, April 11 - 15, 2016, pages 145–153, 2016. [4]. M. M. Nabi, M. T.Altaf, S. Ismail,“Detecting Sentiment from Bangla Text using Machine Learning Technique and Feature Analysis”, International Journal of Computer Applications 153(11):28-34, November 2016. [5]. D. Yin, Z. Xue, L. Hong, B.D. Daviso... |
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<s>/NewsGothic-Bold /NewsGothicBT-Bold /NewsGothicBT-BoldItalic /NewsGothicBT-Italic /NewsGothicBT-Roman /NewsGothic-Condensed /NewsGothic-Italic /NewsGothicMT /NewsGothicMT-Bold /NewsGothicMT-Italic /NiagaraEngraved-Reg /NiagaraSolid-Reg /NimbusMonL-Bold /NimbusMonL-BoldObli /NimbusMonL-Regu /NimbusMonL-ReguObli /Nimb... |
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<s>BENGALI FAKE NEWS DETECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING ADITI BALO ID: 152-15-6064 AND JAMIUL ISLAM ID: 152-15-6147 AND ABDULLAH AL BAKI ID: 152-15-6169 This Report Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering Supervised By Mr. Sheikh Abuja... |
<s>University vi CHAPTER 4: EXPERIMENTAL RESULT AND DISCUSSION 18-21 4.1 Introduction 18 4.2 Experimental Result 18 4.3 Descriptive Analysis 20 4.4 Summary 20 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 21-22 5.1 Summary 21 5.2 Conclusion 21 5.3 Future Work 22 REFERENCE 23 PLAGIARISM REPORT 24 ©Daffodil International Univers... |
<s>been included into this system dataset to detect rapidly about the news fake or real. By this model it is hope that one can be able to remove his/her detection in using online news into his/her works or research. This must be helpful guide to anyone to ensure his doubt about news. In future this model would be more ... |
<s>of news has been rather deeply accelerated by the term “fake news”, coined by the US elected President, Donald Trump, conveying its origins in the political arena. For example, among other fake news that emerged during the Trump campaign one of the most popular ones consisted on the Pope Francis reported endorsement... |
<s>crossers have inspirations that are all the more socially determined, for example, self-security, strife or on the other hand hurt shirking, impression the executives or personality covering. Second, they vary fundamentally in their objective and in the structure they spread: counterfeit news things are typically sc... |
<s>Besides, collection of data for this project was so difficult to us because the fake and real news has no other exceptional identity to detect them. So, we have to research more to collect all types of data. ©Daffodil International University 6 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction The goal of this study i... |
<s>Data collection Procedure: Our collection of data divided into five parts (Title, Category, Description, Link, Class) and classes divided into two parts (Real & Fake), Real class (256) Fake class (244) our total dataset is 500 in this data 80% training used and 20% testing used. Real class data collect Bangladeshi r... |
<s>first we collect the non-reputed news data then we search this data into Google and find that this data of news published the reputed site if this type of news published some reputed site then its data might be consider as a real data and it get better performance for collect valeted data • Check Date: To collect ne... |
<s>is real and which news is fake here we declare tow class fake (for fake news) and real (for real news). Figure 3.3: Sample data ©Daffodil International University 11 Table 3.1: Data Category Table Data Category: In table 3.1 we have shown all category of our dataset. Here we represent ten types of category and how m... |
<s>document. It doesn't take into account the fact that the word might also be having a high frequency of occurrence in other documents as well. TFIDF resolves this issue by multiplying the term frequency of a word by the inverse document frequency. The TF stands for "Term Frequency" while IDF stands for "Inverse Docum... |
<s>which algorithm is best that algorithm create many tree. Figure 3.5 we show some tree and every tee gabe a class such that class A, class B, etc. At last we get final class using this to majority and voting those above class. And in pseudocode, at first we represented our training set, variable (a, b) that contain f... |
<s>more highlight those key words machine get maximum number. ©Daffodil International University 18 CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction In this part we discussion about our experimental result and show accuracy table of our model. In this part we also show the key words bar chart and discuss t... |
<s>collect some news without category for this news we set category to depended news title and description for this reason some news category are not properly set. A news result depended her category so when any news category is not set properly for this reason model get different result that’s means if nay news catego... |
<s>data 80% is for train and rest for test. After testing the rest of 20% data we got 86% accuracy. So this model accuracy is about 86% which is more than others research work. As this is the first research on Bengali fake news detection, so it can be said that the accuracy by this model has got is like a successful wo... |
<s>A.Almeida, “Towards automatic filtering of fake reviews” Volume 309, 2 October 2018. [10] W. KenRedekop, “Fake news, big data, and the opportunities and threats of targeted actions” Health Policy and Technology, 7(2), 113-114, 2018. [11] Veronica P ´ erez-Rosas ´ 1 , Bennett Kleinberg2 , Alexandra Lefevre1 Rada Miha... |
<s>Microsoft Word - POPULARITY ASSESSMENT OF CRICKET PLAYER BASED ON BANGLA TEXT IN SOCIAL MEDIA (rev_6).docx© Daffodil International University POPULARITY ASSESSMENT OF CRICKET PLAYER BASED ON BANGLA TEXT IN SOCIAL MEDIA Yeasir Arefin Tusher ID: 152-15-5944 Md Rubel ID: 152-15-6037 AND Raisa Tabassum ID: 152-15-6022 T... |
<s>Acknowledgements iii Abstract iv CHAPTER CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1-4 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Motivation 2 1.3 Rationale of the Study 2 1.4 Research Questions 3 1.5 Expected Output 4 1.6 Report Layout 4 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND 5-9 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Related Works 6 2.3 Research Summery 8 2.4 Scopes of the problem 9 ... |
<s>positive or negative or neutral by using sentiment analysis tools which detect the polarity (i.e., positivity, negativity) of a string of sentence. Thus, it provides us sentiment about an individual. In the present world, Bangla is spoken as the first language by almost 200 million people where 160 million people ar... |
<s>work on this research will be slightly different and unique from others. 1.4 Research Questions Every larger problem has been solved by solving the smaller portion of it. Things are being complex by combining the simplest objects. To understand the actual problem of this research we need to first understand the subp... |
<s>use of social media has been increased very rapidly. In this research, the most popular social media Twitter has been focused by us, where users can post their opinion, sentiment or expression within 140 characters with various issue of interests, such as Politics, Entertainment, Sports, Lifestyle etc. Twitter is ve... |
<s>sentiment with step by step process using lexicon-based approach. They tried to analyze different types of data using existing method which are created by other researchers [10]. In their examination, they proposed a strategy utilizing WordNet to distinguish assumption from various social media. Therefore, it tends ... |
<s>mining but not enough for Bangla text mining. Since our main focus is Sentiment analysis on Bangla tweets. So, we can see most of the works have been done with tweets, facebook posts, comments etc. One of the studies constructed a corpus from Bengali comments of blogs and articles and applied word embedding method t... |
<s>media, regularly we are searching about new trends by following some micro-bloggers page which consisted of opinion. Not exclusively will wagering sway the connection between associations, betting foundations, information suppliers, and the administration, it's as of now changing the manner in which fans can communi... |
<s>tweets about 13 different players of Bangladesh Cricket Team. Twitter's Streaming API is a push of information as tweets occur in real-time. It is used for scrapping real time data. In our research, it is important to scrap real time data because of measuring popularity of a player in specific time. We wrote a pytho... |
<s>each player Neutral Data for each player© Daffodil International University We also see that in Figure 3.4.1, Nasir Hossain (নািসর েহাসাইন) and Sabbir Rahman (সাি;র রহমান) has Lowest peak in the chart. That means people do not talk about them in the social media. This chart provides us a summary of popularity assess... |
<s>পাওয়া িনয়ম হেয় দািড়েয়েছ, ম3াশ ও ভাল েবািলং করেছ, সািকেবর ে\ক]টা অি^র, সবেচেয় আ_য+জনক িমরাজ shimron hetmyer েক বারবার আউট করেছ। িমরাজ ইউ িবউিট 😍 অসাধারন একজন িফUার, িলটন, তািমম ভাল দুইটা ক3াচ ধরেছ, েমাXািফজ তার িনজY ফেম+ িফের আসেল ৩-৪টা উইেকট তার পাওয়া িনয়ম হেয় দািড়েয়েছ, ম3াশ ও ভাল েবািলং করেছ, সািকেবর ে\ক]টা অি^র, ... |
<s>মাশরািফ তুিমই বস 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 ভােলা েখেলেছ 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Another feature selection technique has been applied for sequence model through our dataset is “Word Embedding” from ‘keras.preprocessing’. Word embedding is the collective name for a set of language modeling and feature learning techniques in natural lan... |
<s>eliminate and the sentiment of the document is guessed to be positive [22]. Figure 4.2.1 and table 4.2.1 shows the confusion matrix, precision, recall, f1-score and support of our dataset after running Logistic Regression. Fig 4.2.1: Confusion matrix for Logistic Regression Table 4.2.1: Accuracy for logistic regress... |
<s>locally connected to each neuron in the fully connected layer. After then the max-pooled data fed to fully connected layers to calculate accuracy and loss and also probability distribution. Dropout technique has been applied in this layer for avoiding overfitting. SoftMax classifier has been used to calculate probab... |
<s>we have used is precision. Precision of any classifier is the measures the percentage of correct assignments among all the documents [25]. 1 is best possible value for precision and 0 is worst possible value. Below equation shows the calculation for precision: 𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 =𝑻𝑷 + 𝑭𝑷 Here, TP is True Positiv... |
<s>experimental results we have experimented. There are 3 algorithms that we applied to fed in our dataset. A comprehensive study shows that CNN model gives us promising accuracy. Thus, we selected as our final model. In section 4.3 we described the architecture of our model and then the loss and accuracy matrix of our... |
<s>Also, specialized information with relational abilities prompts a balanced career. 5.3 Recommendations Perfection is all time a work in advancement, there our proposed project is just at its beginning stages. Consequently, a great deal of works can be possible to it. To improve the viability, dependability and profi... |
<s>WordNet Based Approach," in International Conference on Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, Hyderabad, India, 2015. [10] S. M. M. H. Chowdhury, S. Abujar, M. Saifuzzaman, P. Ghosh and S. A. Hossain, "Sentiment Prediction Based on Lexical Analysis Using Deep Learning," in Emerging Technologies in Data Mining ... |
<s>Extensive Empirical Study of Feature Selection Metrics for Text Classification," Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol. 3, pp. 1289-1305, 2003.</s> |
<s>Paper Title (use style: paper title)Human Abnormality Detection Based on Bengali Text M. F. Mridha Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bangladesh University of Business & Technology Dhaka, Bangladesh firoz@bubt.edu.bd Md. Saifur Rahman Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bangladesh University of Bu... |
<s>or a process of examining the attitude or behavior of humans. After examination analysis provides review based that is based on normal or abnormal behavior. As a result, an abnormality detection problem can be verified as a binary classification problem. TABLE I. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SENTIMENT AND MENTAL CONDITION Exp... |
<s>languages, Spanish, Germany, French with a Machine translation system [8]. SVM is used in the training phase. Kaur et al. proposed an algorithm with a unigram and simple scoring method for sentiment analysis from Punjabi text [9]. Attitude analysis with Bengali text is first work though sentiment analysis is studied... |
<s>Normal Attitude মা বাবা সবেঁলে থাো অবস্থায় ত্ালিরলে েখিও স্বলে সিনখনি আনম যনি আমার অনিে টাইলমর িালে নিয়নমত্ ওর সখাজ নিত্াম সে এেটা েলুযাগ োয় আনম পারলবা নেভালব TABLE III. ABNORMAL ATTITUDE Abnormal Attitude আজ সে যনি আমার মৃত্য ু হইলত্া আনম ওলে সমলর সি ব মািুষ হলত্ োও মি খাও B. Features Extraction Features extract... |
<s>it is most suitable to process text-based data. We used Count Vectors and TF-IDF as features that are discrete values and, Multinomial Naïve works on multinomial distributed data. Smoothing is used in Multinomial Naïve using the following equation, θ̂ci=Nci+αNc+αn (8) In the (8) Nci= ∑ ti t∈TS is the number of times... |
<s>our Multinomial Naïve Bayes method to learn class prior probability that served more accuracy. We used the grid search to find the optimal parameter for our support vector machine classifier with our dataset. We found that RBF kernel for C=100 and γ=0.01 give the maximum accuracy with count vector features. But on t... |
<s>COLING ’10, pp. 241–9. Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics. 2010. [7] Pak, A., & Paroubek, P. (2010, May). Twitter as a corpus for sentiment analysis and opinion mining. In LREc (Vol. 10, No. 2010, pp. 1320-1326). [8] Balahur, A., & Turchi, M. (2012, July). Multilingual sentiment analysis usin... |
<s>See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337317824Toxicity Detection on Bengali Social Media Comments using Supervised ModelsPreprint · November 2019DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22214.01608CITATIONSREADS9102 authors:Some of the authors of this publication ... |
<s>filtered out.Manual toxic comment filtration with offensive word listsand complex rules is not an easy task for inflectional languagelike Bengali. The unstructured nature of social media textalso makes it an arduous task with a poor acceptabilityscore. Handwritten rules using manual linguistic features werehard prev... |
<s>results showed thatdeep learning-based model outperforms other models on agreat margin but the use of small dataset having only 4700comments is a limiting factor of this work. Comprehensivestudy on Bengali Sentiment Analysis (SA) is provided in[13], where the authors have demonstrated text-based researchworks in thi... |
<s>a single hiddenlayer containing m nodes. The hidden layer has a linearactivation function and the output layer has softmax activationfunction containing D nodes. Here each node represents thelikelihood of putting that word in the sentence. Upon trainingthis neural network, we build a D×m matrix; where D is thelength... |
<s>of a range of machine learningalgorithms.B. Results AnalysisFrom several evaluation metrics, we have considered accu-racy for our binary toxicity detection task. The performanceof baselines and our proposed deep learning-based models areshown in Table II and the corresponding loss-accuracy curvesare visualized in Fi... |
<s>Management, 2019.[2] “What are the 10 most spoken languages in the world? — babbel,”https://www.babbel.com/en/magazine/the-10-most-spoken-languages-in-the-world/, (Accessed on 09/30/2019).[3] A. Goyal, V. Gupta, and M. Kumar, “Recent named entity recognitionand classification techniques: A systematic review,” Comput... |
<s>A Deep Learning Approach to Detect Abusive Bengali TextSee discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335945713A Deep Learning Approach to Detect Abusive Bengali TextConference Paper · June 2019DOI: 10.1109/ICSCC.2019.8843606CITATIONSREADS5985 authors, i... |
<s>network [9] [22]. Sometimes, abusive posts lead people towards real life actions and violations [17] [21]. Many researchers have focused on text classification in English and other languages to detect abusive messages, comments or images [12][6]. All over the world, significant numbers of users use Bengali language ... |
<s>getting better performance was not possible for all types of data. However, all of these issues have been considered in this paper. III. METHODOLOGY Fig. 1. Depicts the workflow of whole process. Raw data is preprocessed in 3 steps. 3 different tokenizers are used before sending to algorithms. A. Dataset Collection ... |
<s>I Sentences before and after stemming. C. Parameter Tuning For Algorithms TABLE II PARAMETER TUNING Algorithm Parameter for tuning Best value Multinomial Naïve Bayes Alpha=[0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 1] Alpha = 0.01 LinearSvC Multi-class=[crammer, ovr ] Iterations=[800,1000,130'Tolerance': [0.0001, 0.001, 0.01] Multi-clas... |
<s>SVC classifier using Countvectorizer. 77.11 80.2975.42 74.15Multinomial_NB Linear_SVC Logit RandomFClassifier Using tf-idf vectorizerFig. 4. Accuracy of different algorithm using TF-IDF Vectorizer. From Fig. 4. We see that, Linear SVC with tf-idf Vectorizer shows better accuracy than other classifiers. Although, fro... |
<s>Network (DNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Bengali spelling correcting process for detecting abusive Bengali text. REFERENCES [1] Global social media research summary 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.smartinsights.com/social-media-marketing/social-media-strategy/new-global-social-media-research/.[A... |
<s>Volume 76, Issue 12, pp 14485-14509, June 2017. [20] Women increasingly falling prey to cyberbullying.[Online]. Available: http://m.theindependentbd.com/post/171850. [Accessed On: 11- Jan- 2019]. [21] Hindus again attacked in Bangladesh on false rumours of defaming Muhammad in facebook.", Struggle for Hindu Existenc... |
<s>Detecting Suspicious Texts Using Machine Learning Techniquesapplied sciencesArticleDetecting Suspicious Texts Using MachineLearning TechniquesOmar Sharif 1 , Mohammed Moshiul Hoque 1,* , A. S. M. Kayes 2,* , Raza Nowrozy 2,3 andIqbal H. Sarker 11 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chittagong University ... |
<s>violent contents which can be considered one kind ofthreat to national security [3].Around 245 million people are speaking in Bengali as their native tongue, which makes it the7th most spoken language in the world [4]. However, research on Bengali Language Processing(BLP) is currently in its initial stage, and there... |
<s>the most popular machine learning classifiers(i.e., logistic regression, naive Bayes, random forest, decision tree, and stochastic gradient descent) toclassify whether a given text is suspicious or not. We have also performed a comparative analysis ofthese machine learning models utilizing our collected datasets. Th... |
<s>classifier. A novel approach presented of detectingIndonesian hate speech by using SVM, lexical, word unigram and tf-idf features [21]. A methoddescribed to detect abusive content and cyberbullying from Chinese social media. Their modelachieved 95% accuracy by using LSTM and taking characteristic and behavioural fea... |
<s>(STD) system classifies a text tiεT from a set of texts T = {t1, t2, ..., tm}into a class ciεC from a set of two classes C = {Cs, Cns}. The task of STD is to automatically assign tito ci: < ti, ci >.Deciding whether a Bengali text is suspicious or not is not so simple even for language expertsbecause of its complica... |
<s>amongthem 3557 texts are S, and 3558 texts are NS. In the case of the suspicious class, 12.2% of source textscollected from the website (W), 12% data collected from the Facebook comment (FC), and 10.2% fromthe newspaper (N). Other sources such as Facebook posts (FP) and online blogs (OB) contributed 8.9%and 5.4% of ... |
<s>small number of labels and their corresponding texts discarded from the crawled dataset due tothe disagreement between experts and annotators. Precisely, 57 for the suspicious class and 58 for thenon-suspicious class. We got 9.57% deviation on the agreement among annotators for suspicious classand 2.34% deviation fo... |
<s>of the input text such as ti = [‘Ei’, ‘khulna’, ‘titans’, ‘ke’, ‘tin’,‘wickete’, ‘hariye’, ‘dilo’, ‘comilla’, ’victoria’]• Removal of stop words: Words that have no contribution in deciding whether a text ti is (Cs) or(Cns) is considered as unnecessary. Such words are dispelled from the document by matchingwith a li... |
<s>represented in columns. In order to reduce the complexity andcomputational cost, 3000 most frequent words considered as the feature words among thousands ofunique words.Table 4. Small fragment of extracted feature values for the first four texts of the dataset.c Technique fw1 fw2 fw3 fw4 fw5Sample Feature ValuesBoW ... |
<s>= θ − (α ∗ gradient);i++;endEnd FunctionWe implemented the SGD classifier with ‘log’ loss function and the ‘l2’ regularization technique.We choose a maximum number of iterations on a trial and error basis. Finally, 40 iterations are usedand samples are randomly shuffled during training.4.3.2. Logistic RegressionLogi... |
<s>models have been used for classification. The test setTS = {t1, t2, t3, ..., tx} has x test documents, which will be used to test the classifier model.Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 6527 12 of 23Predicted class (C) is determined by using threshold (Th) on the predicted probability (P) usingEquation (11):C =Non− suspicious(Cns... |
<s>to 1. We select criterion as ‘entropy’ and ‘gini’ for DT and RF,respectively, to measure the quality of a split. Both cases utilize all system features and select the bestsplit at each internal node of DT. We implement RF with 100 decision trees. Each node of the decisionbranch is divided if it has at least two samp... |
<s>of 2386.57%. The results revealed that SGD with the F2 feature outperforms all other feature combinationsby obtaining an 86.97% f1-score.Table 7. Performance comparison for different feature combinations where F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5means unigram, bigram, trigram, a combination of unigram and bigram, and a combinatio... |
<s>analysis revealsthat the classification accuracy is increasing with the increased dataset and the tf-idf predominates theBoW with an F2 feature.(a) ROC curve for (BoW+F1) features (b) ROC curve for (tf-idf+F1) featuresFigure 5. ROC curve analysis for the F1 feature where F1 represents the unigram feature.(a) ROC cur... |
<s>the classifiers were able to identify suspicious texts more precisely than thenon suspicious texts. After manual analysis, we traced the reason behind this disparate behaviour.The maximal portion of the non-suspicious texts was accumulated from the newspaper, and, on average,each text has 72.12 words in it. ML-based... |
<s>linear classifier that is already proven as a well-suited model forbinary classification like ours [42]. It uses a simple approach of discriminative learning which can findglobal minima more efficiently, thus resulting in better accuracy. By comparing these ML classifiersin terms of their execution time, no signific... |
<s>classifiers is compared with human experts for error analysis. To serve our purpose, a dataset isdeveloped containing 7000 suspicious and non-suspicious text documents. After employing differentlearning algorithms on this corpus, an SGD classifier and tf-idf feature extraction technique with thecombination of unigra... |
<s>media. J. Theor. Appl.Inf. Technol. 2015, 73, 405–410.16. Jiang, M.; Cui, P.; Faloutsos, C. Suspicious behavior detection: Current trends and future directions.IEEE Intell. Syst. 2016, 31, 31–39. [CrossRef]17. Vosoughi, S.; Roy, D.; Aral, S. The spread of true and false news online. Science 2018, 359, 1146–1151.[Cro... |
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