source string | id string | question string | options list | answer string | reasoning string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SciQ | SciQ-1544 | Puberty and other physical changes occurs during which stage of development? | [
"childhood",
"infancy",
"adulthood",
"adolescence"
] | D | Adolescence includes the physical changes of puberty among other changes. |
SciQ | SciQ-1545 | What makes organic compounds ubiquitous is the chemistry of their what? | [
"dioxide core",
"carbon core",
"dioxide shell",
"carbon shell"
] | B | The Chemistry of Carbon What makes organic compounds ubiquitous is the chemistry of their carbon core. Recall that carbon atoms have four electrons in their valence shell, and that the octet rule dictates that atoms tend to react in such a way as to complete their valence shell with eight electrons. Carbon atoms do not... |
SciQ | SciQ-1546 | What type of drugs can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine? | [
"sedatives",
"diuretics",
"hallucinogens",
"disassociates"
] | B | Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Diuretics are drugs that can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine. They are often prescribed to lower blood pressure. Coffee, tea, and alcoholic beverages are familiar diuretics. ADH, a 9-amino acid peptide released by the posterior... |
SciQ | SciQ-1547 | This type of tissue consists of bundles of xylem and phloem and transports fluids throughout the plant. | [
"vascular tissue",
"cytoplasm",
"nonvascular tissue",
"dermal tissue"
] | A | Vascular tissue runs through the ground tissue inside a plant. It consists of bundles of xylem and phloem, which transport fluids throughout the plant. |
SciQ | SciQ-1548 | What is the scientific name of the thighbone, the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body? | [
"humerus",
"fibula",
"femur",
"tibia"
] | C | The femur, or thighbone, is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. The femur and pelvis form the hip joint at the proximal end. At the distal end, the femur, tibia, and patella form the knee joint. The patella, or kneecap, is a triangular bone that lies anterior to the knee joint. The patella is embedde... |
SciQ | SciQ-1549 | What determines which type of precipitation falls? | [
"air pressure",
"air temperature",
"air currents",
"ground temperature"
] | B | Why does it snow instead of rain? Air temperature determines which type of precipitation falls. Rain falls if the air temperature is above freezing (0° C or 32° F). Frozen precipitation falls if the air or ground is below freezing. Frozen precipitation may fall as snow, sleet, or freezing rain. You can see how the diff... |
SciQ | SciQ-1550 | Algae is a promising alternative to traditional crops for what type of fuels? | [
"fertilizer",
"fossil",
"non-renewable",
"biofuel"
] | D | Algae is the focus of much research. Algae is a very promising alternative to traditional crops for biofuels. |
SciQ | SciQ-1551 | Cancers derived from epithelial cells are referred to as what? | [
"carcinomas",
"adenomas",
"nodules",
"caricatures"
] | A | Tissues and Cancer Cancer is a generic term for many diseases in which cells escape regulatory signals. Uncontrolled growth, invasion into adjacent tissues, and colonization of other organs, if not treated early enough, are its hallmarks. Health suffers when tumors “rob” blood supply from the “normal” organs. A mutatio... |
SciQ | SciQ-1552 | Vibrating objects such as drumheads produce what? | [
"negative ions",
"sound energy",
"heat",
"light"
] | B | Vibrating objects such as drumheads produce sound energy. |
SciQ | SciQ-1553 | What two element makes up a hyrdocarbon? | [
"carbon and hydrogen",
"hydrogen and carbonite",
"nitrogen and carbon",
"helium and carbon"
] | A | The simplest organic compounds are hydrocarbons and are composed of carbon and hydrogen. |
SciQ | SciQ-1554 | What are monosaccharides and disaccharides also called? | [
"complex sugars",
"simple sugars",
"basic sugars",
"simple chemicals"
] | B | An example of a disaccharide is sucrose (table sugar), which consists of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose ( Figure below ). Other common disaccharides include lactose ("milk sugar") and maltose. Monosaccharides and disaccharides are also called simple sugars . They provide the major source of energy to living c... |
SciQ | SciQ-1555 | Terrestrial biomes are associated with land, while aquatic ones are associated with what? | [
"water",
"air",
"blood",
"plants"
] | A | 20.3 Terrestrial Biomes Earth has terrestrial and aquatic biomes. Aquatic biomes include both freshwater and marine environments. There are eight major terrestrial biomes: tropical rainforests, savannas, subtropical deserts, chaparral, temperate grasslands, temperate forests, boreal forests, and Arctic tundra. The same... |
SciQ | SciQ-1556 | Different shapes often correlate with different what in cells? | [
"enzymes",
"functions",
"systems",
"types"
] | B | Cells with different functions often have different shapes. The cells pictured in Figure below are just a few examples of the many different shapes that cells may have. Each type of cell in the figure has a shape that helps it do its job. For example, the job of the nerve cell is to carry messages to other cells. The n... |
SciQ | SciQ-1557 | What structure is found at the top of the head of the sperm that helps it penetrate and fertilize the egg? | [
"acrosome",
"centriole",
"axial filament",
"terminal disc"
] | A | of human sperm as well as a diagram of the parts of the sperm. An acrosome is found at the top of the head of the sperm. This structure contains lysosomal enzymes that can digest the protective coverings that surround the egg to help the sperm penetrate and fertilize the egg. An ejaculate will contain from two to five ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1558 | What makes up most of biological tissues? | [
"water",
"bone",
"muscle",
"air"
] | A | Biological tissue consists primarily of water, which absorbs electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region of the spectrum. Suggest a plausible reason for using carbon dioxide lasers in surgery. |
SciQ | SciQ-1559 | What occurs when some substances change chemically to other substances? | [
"chemical reaction",
"hormonal reaction",
"spontaneous mutation",
"toxic reaction"
] | A | A chemical reaction occurs when some substances change chemically to other substances. Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations. |
SciQ | SciQ-1560 | What type of butterfly do birds avoid eating since it makes them sick? | [
"sphingidae",
"monarch butterflies",
"noctuidae",
"pyralidae"
] | B | Many birds learn to avoid eating monarch butterflies, like the one pictured in Figure below . Monarch butterflies taste bad and make birds sick. In this case, the behavior is learned because it is punished with a nasty taste and illness. |
SciQ | SciQ-1561 | Birds possess a cloaca, a structure that allows water to be reabsorbed from waste back into this? | [
"intestines",
"skin",
"eggs",
"blood stream"
] | D | Other modifications that reduce weight include the lack of a urinary bladder. Birds possess a cloaca, a structure that allows water to be reabsorbed from waste back into the bloodstream. Uric acid is not expelled as a liquid but is concentrated into urate salts, which are expelled along with fecal matter. In this way, ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1562 | What contain organelles common to other cells, such as a nucleus and mitochondria, and also have more specialized structures, including dendrites and axons? | [
"blood cells",
"muscle cells",
"follicles",
"neurons"
] | D | Figure 16.19 Neurons contain organelles common to other cells, such as a nucleus and mitochondria. They also have more specialized structures, including dendrites and axons. |
SciQ | SciQ-1563 | Hurricanes and winter storms both develop from what, which often form when the jet stream dips south in the winter? | [
"waves",
"typhoons",
"cyclones",
"tides"
] | C | Like hurricanes, winter storms develop from cyclones. But in the case of winter storms, the cyclones form at higher latitudes. In North America, cyclones often form when the jet stream dips south in the winter. This lets dry polar air pour south. At the same time, warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico flows north. Whe... |
SciQ | SciQ-1564 | Which body system controls all the others by sending electrical messages? | [
"the nervous system",
"the endocrine system",
"the localized system",
"the specialized system"
] | A | The nervous system sends electrical messages throughout the body and controls all other body systems. |
SciQ | SciQ-1565 | What occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor? | [
"evaporation",
"oxidation",
"condensation",
"photosynthesis"
] | A | Evaporation occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor. The sun heats the water and gives water molecules enough energy to escape into the atmosphere. |
SciQ | SciQ-1566 | What is the position of rock layers and the relative ages called? | [
"metamorphism",
"bifurcation",
"diffraction",
"superposition"
] | D | Superposition refers to the position of rock layers and their relative ages. Relative age means age in comparison with other rocks, either younger or older. The relative ages of rocks are important for understanding Earth’s history. New rock layers are always deposited on top of existing rock layers. Therefore, deeper ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1567 | What is the field of biology that focuses on the study of inheritance in humans? | [
"generational biology",
"relational biology",
"human genetics",
"computational biology"
] | C | Human genetics is the field of biology that focuses on the study of inheritance in humans. |
SciQ | SciQ-1568 | The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its what? | [
"color",
"ph",
"density",
"mass"
] | B | The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its pH. The pOH of a solution is not usually measured, as it is easily calculated from an experimentally determined pH value. The pH of a solution can be directly measured using a pH meter (Figure 14.4). |
SciQ | SciQ-1569 | Where is chemical energy stored? | [
"ribosomes",
"cell wall",
"nucleus",
"atom bonds"
] | D | 2. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in the bonds between the atoms of compounds. If the bonds are broken, the energy is released and can be converted to other forms of energy. |
SciQ | SciQ-1570 | What kind of fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas? | [
"storage",
"ancient",
"sediment",
"fossil"
] | D | Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are the greatest energy source for modern society. Millions of years ago, plants used energy from the Sun to form carbon compounds. These compounds were later transformed into coal, oil, or natural gas. Fossil fuels take millions of years to form. For this r... |
SciQ | SciQ-1571 | What do you call the slope that forms the edge of the continent? | [
"the prevalent slope",
"the cataclysmic slope",
"the continental slope",
"the land slope"
] | C | The continental slope is the slope that forms the edge of the continent. It is seaward of the continental shelf. In some places, a large pile of sediments brought from rivers creates the continental rise. The continental rise ends at the ocean floor. Much of the ocean floor is called the abyssal plain. |
SciQ | SciQ-1572 | What do contour lines that are close together indicate? | [
"deep slope",
"flat slope",
"close slope",
"steep slope"
] | D | 1. The spacing of contour lines shows the slope of the land . Contour lines that are close together indicate a steep slope. This is because the elevation changes quickly in a small area. Contour lines that seem to touch indicate a very steep slope, like a cliff. When contour lines are spaced far apart, the slope is gen... |
SciQ | SciQ-1573 | What is the most common type of cancer developed in children? | [
"lung cancer",
"anemia",
"leukemia",
"stomach cancer"
] | C | Childhood cancer is rare. The main type of cancer in children is leukemia. It makes up about one third of all childhood cancers. It occurs when the body makes abnormal white blood cells. |
SciQ | SciQ-1574 | How many chambers are in the heart? | [
"four",
"eight",
"five",
"two"
] | A | The atria receive the blood, and the ventricles pump the blood out of the heart. Each of the four chambers of the heart has a specific job. |
SciQ | SciQ-1575 | The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure against what? | [
"the cell multiplication",
"the cell addition",
"the cell move",
"the cell wall"
] | D | The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure against the cell wall. |
SciQ | SciQ-1576 | In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies what substances? | [
"proteins",
"fats",
"acids",
"sugars"
] | B | ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 34.11 Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false? a. Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1577 | Which electromagnetic waves are the most energetic of all electromagnetic waves? | [
"gamma rays",
"sunlight rays",
"ultraviolet rays",
"plasma rays"
] | A | Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that carry photons of energy called gamma particles. They are the most energetic of all electromagnetic waves. |
SciQ | SciQ-1578 | Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to what? | [
"chlorophyll",
"cellulose",
"oxygen",
"pyruvate"
] | D | 9.2 Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate. |
SciQ | SciQ-1579 | What is the term for the most abundant species in a community, characterized by high competitive abilities? | [
"carnivores",
"dominant species",
"keystone species",
"merging species"
] | B | |
SciQ | SciQ-1580 | Salt-water biomes in the ocean are called what? | [
"marine species",
"ocean biomes",
"marine organelles",
"marine biomes"
] | D | Aquatic biomes are water-based biomes. They include both freshwater biomes, such as rivers and lakes, and marine biomes, which are salt-water biomes in the ocean. The primary producers in most aquatic biomes are phytoplankton. Phytoplankton consist of microscopic bacteria and tiny algae that make food by photosynthesis... |
SciQ | SciQ-1581 | What occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles? | [
"pregnancy",
"fertilization",
"copulation",
"ovulation"
] | D | |
SciQ | SciQ-1582 | Structures like the human tail bone and whale pelvis are called what? | [
"adaptations",
"vestigial structures",
"primordial structures",
"parasitic structures"
] | B | Structures like the human tail bone and whale pelvis are called vestigial structures . Evolution has reduced their size because the structures are no longer used. The human appendix is another example of a vestigial structure. It is a tiny remnant of a once-larger organ. In a distant ancestor, it was needed to digest f... |
SciQ | SciQ-1583 | Hazardous waste is material that is toxic, chemically active, corrosive, or what? | [
"decomposed",
"flammable",
"organic",
"inactive"
] | B | Hazardous waste is material that is toxic, chemically active, corrosive, or flammable. |
SciQ | SciQ-1584 | Which component of the electron transport chain does cyanide inhibit? | [
"cytochrome c oxidase",
"adenosine diphosphate",
"succinate dehydrogenase",
"mitochondrial matrix"
] | A | Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What effect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis?. |
SciQ | SciQ-1585 | Diseases of this system include epilepsy, strokes, and alzheimer’s disease | [
"endocrine system",
"nervous system",
"circulatory system",
"infectious system"
] | B | Diseases of the nervous system include infections, epilepsy, strokes, and Alzheimer’s disease. Injuries include concussions and spinal cord damage that may cause paralysis. Most nervous system diseases can’t be prevented, but many nervous system injuries can be prevented by following safe practices. |
SciQ | SciQ-1586 | About how full is the outer energy level in metalloids? | [
"half full",
"a quarter full",
"nearly empty",
"three-fourth full"
] | A | Metalloids such as boron have an outer energy level that is about half full. These elements need to gain or lose too many electrons for a full outer energy level to come about easily. As a result, these elements are not very reactive. They may be able to conduct electricity but not very well. |
SciQ | SciQ-1587 | Which chemical element is the basis of all life on earth? | [
"hydrogen",
"carbon",
"oxygen",
"nitrogen"
] | B | Carbon is an element. Carbon is the basis of all life on Earth. Since carbon can combine with many other elements it forms a variety of different substances. |
SciQ | SciQ-1588 | What structures of the cardiovascular system help regulate body processes by either constricting or dilating? | [
"capillaries",
"cartilage",
"muscles",
"blood vessels"
] | D | Blood vessels help regulate body processes by either constricting (becoming narrower) or dilating (becoming wider). These actions occur in response to signals from the autonomic nervous system or the endocrine system. Constriction occurs when the muscular walls of blood vessels contract. This reduces the amount of bloo... |
SciQ | SciQ-1589 | What is the term for the class of ectothermic, four-legged vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs? | [
"mammals",
"reptiles",
"Turtles",
"amphibians"
] | B | Reptiles are a class of ectothermic, four-legged vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs. They include turtles, crocodiles, lizards, and snakes. Reptiles were the first vertebrates to live full time on land, and they evolved many terrestrial adaptations. |
SciQ | SciQ-1590 | The goal of proteomics is to identify or compare what substances expressed from a given genome under specific conditions, study the interactions between them, and use the information to predict cell behavior or develop drug targets? | [
"cells",
"rna",
"proteins",
"dna"
] | C | Basic Techniques in Protein Analysis The ultimate goal of proteomics is to identify or compare the proteins expressed from a given genome under specific conditions, study the interactions between the proteins, and use the information to predict cell behavior or develop drug targets. Just as the genome is analyzed using... |
SciQ | SciQ-1591 | Radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating depend on what type of decay? | [
"carbon",
"radioactive",
"nuclear",
"microwave"
] | B | The age of a rock in years is its absolute age. The main evidence for absolute age comes from radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating. These methods depend on radioactive decay. |
SciQ | SciQ-1592 | What is the brightest star in the orion constellation? | [
"natel",
"rigel",
"omicron",
"sol"
] | B | 7. You look through a telescope at Rigel. Rigel is the brightest star in the Orion constellation. Rigel is around 800 light years from Earth. What are you looking at when you look through that telescope? What does Rigel look like today?. |
SciQ | SciQ-1593 | Which organelle specific to plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis? | [
"the mitochondria",
"the chloroplast",
"the vacuole",
"the lipid"
] | B | Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle specific to plant cells. |
SciQ | SciQ-1594 | What is another word for thermal energy? | [
"temperature",
"heat",
"humidity",
"solar"
] | B | |
SciQ | SciQ-1595 | Roots grow in length and width from the primary and secondary what? | [
"leaf",
"pistil",
"meristem",
"frill"
] | C | Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem. |
SciQ | SciQ-1596 | What often form symbiotic associations with much larger organisms? | [
"prokaryotes",
"protists",
"viruses",
"eukaryotes"
] | A | |
SciQ | SciQ-1597 | Name the fever that is caused by a virus that has antigens similar to molecules in human heart tissues. | [
"yellow fever",
"Dengue fever",
"rheumatic fever",
"chronic fever"
] | C | Rheumatic fever is caused by a virus that has antigens similar to molecules in human heart tissues. When the immune system attacks the virus, it may also attack the heart. What type of immune system disease is rheumatic fever? Explain your answer. |
SciQ | SciQ-1598 | What is the smallest planet in our solar system? | [
"mercury",
"Mars",
"Earth",
"Jupiter"
] | A | Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun. It has an extremely thin atmosphere so surface temperatures range from very hot to very cold. Like the Moon, it is covered with craters. |
SciQ | SciQ-1599 | What is the term for when a substance boils and changes to gas? | [
"boiling point",
"reaction point",
"activation point",
"changing point"
] | A | The temperature at which a substance boils and changes to a gas is called its boiling point. Boiling point is a physical property of matter. The boiling point of pure water is 100°C. Other substances may have higher or lower boiling points. Several examples are listed in the Table below . Pure water is included in the ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1600 | Where are hormones released? | [
"brain",
"lungs",
"liver",
"bloodstream"
] | D | Signaling molecules can belong to two broad groups. Neurotransmitters are released at synapses, whereas hormones are released into the bloodstream. These are simplistic definitions, but they can help to clarify this point. Acetylcholine can be considered a neurotransmitter because it is released by axons at synapses. T... |
SciQ | SciQ-1601 | The union of gametes is called? | [
"fertilization",
"fusion",
"pollination",
"migration"
] | A | Sexual reproduction involves two parents. It produces offspring that are all genetically unique. It requires the production of haploid gametes. The union of gametes is called fertilization. It results in a diploid zygote. |
SciQ | SciQ-1602 | What type of behavior occurs naturally in all animals of a given species? | [
"innate",
"learned",
"acquired",
"stimulated"
] | A | Innate behavior is any behavior that occurs naturally in all the animals of a given species. It doesn’t have to be learned, and it occurs in the same way in all members of the species. Examples of innate behaviors include the waggle dance in honeybees and the grasp reflex in human babies. |
SciQ | SciQ-1603 | What parts of comets make them easy to see? | [
"novas and tails",
"craters and tails",
"comas and tails",
"arcs and tails"
] | C | Gases in the coma and tail of a comet reflect light from the Sun. Comets are very hard to see except when they have comas and tails. That is why they appear only when they are near the Sun. They disappear again as they move back to the outer solar system. |
SciQ | SciQ-1604 | What gives the body shape and support? | [
"skeleon",
"muscles",
"organs",
"gravity"
] | A | The skeleton supports the body and gives it shape. It has several other functions as well, including:. |
SciQ | SciQ-1605 | What do you call sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect? | [
"hypersonic sound",
"ultrasound",
"supersonic sound",
"dynamic sound"
] | B | Ultrasound is sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect. It includes all sounds with wave frequencies higher than 20,000 waves per second, or 20,000 hertz (Hz). |
SciQ | SciQ-1606 | Plants not only contribute food but what else for organisms? | [
"carbon",
"hydrogen",
"oxygen",
"dioxide"
] | C | The oxygen atoms, however, form oxygen gas, which is a waste product of photosynthesis. The oxygen given off supplies most of the oxygen in our atmosphere. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth’s atmosphere lacked oxygen altogether, and this highly reactive gas was toxic to the many organisms living at the time. Somethi... |
SciQ | SciQ-1607 | Substances that act as both weak acids and bases are said to be what? | [
"atmospheric",
"amphiphilic",
"amphoteric",
"hygroscopic"
] | C | Other applications of carbonates include glass making—where carbonate ions serve as a source of oxide ions—and synthesis of oxides. Hydrogen carbonates are amphoteric because they act as both weak acids and weak bases. Hydrogen carbonate ions act as acids and react with solutions of soluble hydroxides to form a carbona... |
SciQ | SciQ-1608 | What is the medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration called? | [
"tumors",
"dialysis",
"arthritis",
"digestion"
] | B | Dialysis Technician Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. When kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of wastes. This is a vital process to keep patients alive. In some cases, the patients undergo artificial ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1609 | What is the "a" horizon commonly known as? | [
"topsoil",
"sediment",
"crust",
"core"
] | A | The first horizon is the “A“ horizon. It is more commonly called the topsoil . The topsoil is usually the darkest layer of the soil. It is the layer with the most organic material. Humus forms from all the plant and animal debris that falls to or grows on the ground. The topsoil is also the region with the most biologi... |
SciQ | SciQ-1610 | What are the building blocks of life? | [
"bricks",
"cells",
"seeds",
"muscles"
] | B | Cells are the building blocks of life. This is clear from the photo in Figure below . It shows stacks upon stacks of cells in an onion plant. Cells are also the basic functional units of living things. They are the smallest units that can carry out the biochemical reactions of life. No matter how different organisms ma... |
SciQ | SciQ-1611 | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of liquid water by 1°c is also known as? | [
"mass",
"specific heat",
"Kelvin",
"calorie"
] | B | State of matter that has a fixed volume and fixed shape. |
SciQ | SciQ-1612 | What helps amplify the effects of extracellular signals? | [
"spontaneous cascades",
"enzymatic cascades",
"mutation cascades",
"electrical cascades"
] | B | The effects of extracellular signals can also be amplified by enzymatic cascades. At the initiation of the signal, a single ligand binds to a single receptor. However, activation of a receptor-linked enzyme can activate many copies of a component of the signaling cascade, which amplifies the signal. |
SciQ | SciQ-1613 | What units are typically used to measure heats of reaction? | [
"degrees Celsius",
"volts",
"kilojoules",
"kilobytes"
] | C | Heats of reaction are typically measured in kilojoules. It is important to include the physical states of the reactants and products in a thermochemical equation as the value of the depends on those states. |
SciQ | SciQ-1614 | What are solutions that maintain a relatively constant ph when an acid or a base is added? | [
"liquids",
"gases",
"water",
"buffer"
] | D | Buffers are solutions that maintain a relatively constant pH when an acid or a base is added. They therefore protect, or “buffer,” other molecules in solution from the effects of the added acid or base. Buffers contain either a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A−) or a weak base (B) and its conjugate acid (BH+), ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1615 | Along with dna, what is the other main type of nucleic acid? | [
"protein",
"nucleotides",
"cytoplasm",
"rna"
] | D | Nucleic acids are biochemical molecules that contain oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus in addition to carbon and hydrogen. There are two main types of nucleic acids. They are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). |
SciQ | SciQ-1616 | Glutathione is a low-molecular-weight compound found in living cells that is produced naturally by what? | [
"amino acids",
"blood",
"liver",
"brain"
] | C | Glutathione is a low-molecular-weight compound found in living cells that is produced naturally by the liver. Healthcare providers give glutathione intravenously to prevent side effects of chemotherapy and to prevent kidney problems. |
SciQ | SciQ-1617 | What work together in pairs to bend or straighten a joint? | [
"muscles",
"nerve fibers",
"cartilage tissues",
"collagen bands"
] | A | Muscles work together in pairs to bend or straighten the joint. |
SciQ | SciQ-1618 | What are the outer-shell electrons of an atom called? | [
"valence electrons",
"organism electrons",
"outer electrons",
"helium electrons"
] | A | Valence electrons are the outer-shell electrons of an atom. |
SciQ | SciQ-1619 | What kind of reproduction is vegetative reproduction? | [
"sexual",
"meiosis",
"asexual",
"mitosis"
] | C | Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction found in plants. This type of reproduction occurs when new individuals are formed without the production of seeds or spores. The formation of new plants out of rhizomes or stolons is an example of vegetative reproductive, such as in the strawberry plant. Other p... |
SciQ | SciQ-1620 | What type of tissue runs the length of a stem in vascular bundles? | [
"thermal tissue",
"cardiac tissue",
"muscle tissue",
"vascular tissue"
] | D | |
SciQ | SciQ-1621 | Birds have a relatively large heart and a rapid what? | [
"blink rate",
"lifespan",
"digestive process",
"heart rate"
] | D | To keep their flight muscles well supplied with oxygen, birds evolved specialized respiratory and circulatory systems. Birds have special air sacs for storing extra air and pumping it into the lungs. They also have a relatively large heart and a rapid heart rate. These adaptations keep plenty of oxygenated blood circul... |
SciQ | SciQ-1622 | When a warm air mass becomes trapped between two cold air masses, what type of front occurs? | [
"obscured front",
"storm front",
"stationary front",
"occluded front"
] | D | With an occluded front , a warm air mass becomes trapped between two cold air masses. The warm air is lifted up above the cold air as in Figure below . Cloudy weather and precipitation along the front are typical. |
SciQ | SciQ-1623 | What is water falling from the sky called? | [
"distillation",
"erosion",
"precipitation",
"vaporization"
] | C | |
SciQ | SciQ-1624 | What forms when atoms share or transfer valence electrons? | [
"levels",
"bonds",
"fusion",
"replicas"
] | B | A chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. Bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that may be involved in chemical interactions. Valence electrons are the basis of all chemical bonds. For a video introducti... |
SciQ | SciQ-1625 | Which part of the axon has a higher membrane potential? | [
"muscular hillock",
"axon hillock",
"biofilm hillock",
"canals hillock"
] | B | |
SciQ | SciQ-1626 | A diploid zygote is formed when one sperm does what? | [
"cracks the egg",
"incapacitates the egg",
"fertilizes the egg",
"repels the egg"
] | C | |
SciQ | SciQ-1627 | As ph increases what happens to a solution? | [
"stays the same",
"depends on the solution",
"becomes more basic",
"becomes less basic"
] | C | The deprotonated form of an acid is referred to as its conjugate base. Similarly, the protonated form of a base is referred to as its conjugate acid. |
SciQ | SciQ-1628 | What is the term for changes in speed or direction, changes that make a roller coaster ride so exciting? | [
"oscillation",
"acceleration",
"inclination",
"transmission"
] | B | Imagine the thrill of riding on a roller coaster like this one! The coaster slowly crawls to the top of the track and then flies down the other side. It also zooms around twists and turns at breakneck speeds. These changes in speed and direction are what make a roller coaster ride so exciting. Changes in speed or direc... |
SciQ | SciQ-1629 | What do aquatic mollusk species use for respiration? | [
"lungs",
"phototropism",
"gills",
"pores"
] | C | Which of the following statements about the anatomy of a mollusk is false? a. Mollusks have a radula for grinding food. A digestive gland is connected to the stomach. The tissue beneath the shell is called the mantle. The digestive system includes a gizzard, a stomach, a digestive gland, and the intestine. Mollusks hav... |
SciQ | SciQ-1630 | Because the solute is moving down the concentration gradient, and no input of energy is required, facilitated diffusion is considered what type of transport? | [
"passive",
"active",
"adaptive",
"neutral"
] | A | Facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of solutes through integral membrane transport proteins. Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport . Even though facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins (and is essentially a transport process), it can still be considered passive transport because the solute i... |
SciQ | SciQ-1631 | What does fiber help keep at normal levels in the body? | [
"bloodpressure",
"hydration",
"salt and cholesterol",
"sugar and lipids"
] | D | Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that consists mainly of cellulose and comes only from plants. High-fiber foods include whole grains and legumes such as beans. Fiber can’t be broken down by the digestive system, but it plays important roles in the body. It helps keep sugar and lipids at normal levels in the blood. It al... |
SciQ | SciQ-1632 | What is it called when plant roots absorb liquid water and release water vapor into the atmosphere? | [
"perspiration",
"transpiration",
"evaporation",
"sedimentation"
] | B | Liquid water is taken up by plant roots. The plant releases water vapor into the atmosphere. This is transpiration. |
SciQ | SciQ-1633 | Fossil fuels and nuclear power are what type of resource? | [
"nonrenewable",
"reusable",
"renewable",
"recurring"
] | A | Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and nuclear power. |
SciQ | SciQ-1634 | The stoichiometric coefficients indicate the relative amounts of what? | [
"reactions and products",
"trajectories and products",
"reactants and products",
"exigencies and products"
] | C | stoichiometric coefficient : The letters a, b, c, and d where A and B are reactants, and C and D are products. The stoichiometric coefficients indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products. |
SciQ | SciQ-1635 | Blood enters the heart in what valve? | [
"atria",
"tricuspid",
"aortic",
"mitral"
] | A | Blood flows in only one direction in the heart. Blood enters the atria, which contract and push blood into the ventricles. The atria relax and the ventricles fill with blood. Finally, the ventricles contract and push blood around the body. |
SciQ | SciQ-1636 | What works through chemical reactions that change the rock? | [
"rock weathering",
"chemical breakdown",
"chemical weathering",
"gradual weathering"
] | C | Chemical weathering is different than mechanical weathering. The minerals in the rock change their chemical makeup. They become a different type of mineral or even a different type of rock. Chemical weathering works through chemical reactions that change the rock. |
SciQ | SciQ-1637 | What is necessary for new alleles to be created? | [
"new rna",
"new frequencies",
"cross-pollination",
"new mutations"
] | D | No new mutations are occurring. Therefore, no new alleles are being created. |
SciQ | SciQ-1638 | What does the placenta sustain during pregnancy? | [
"the heart",
"the fetus",
"the mother",
"the endocrine system"
] | B | Placental mammals are therian mammals in which a placenta develops during pregnancy. The placenta sustains the fetus while it grows inside the mother’s uterus. Placental mammals give birth to relatively large and mature infants. Most mammals are placental mammals. |
SciQ | SciQ-1639 | Other than nitrogen, which nutrient most often limits marine production? | [
"potassium",
"zinc",
"phosphorus",
"calcium"
] | C | |
SciQ | SciQ-1640 | What astronomical phenomenon is often comprised of remnants of the earliest material that formed in the solar system? | [
"asteroids",
"meteorites",
"particles",
"comets"
] | B | Many meteorites are remnants of the earliest material that formed in the solar system. |
SciQ | SciQ-1641 | Minerals are grouped based on what? | [
"chemical composition",
"carbon composition",
"mineral composition",
"density"
] | A | Minerals are divided into groups. The groups are based on their chemical composition. |
SciQ | SciQ-1642 | What is the term for the average number of individuals in a population for a given area? | [
"population structure",
"result density",
"Area Density",
"population density"
] | D | Another sign of a species’ state of health is the density of its populations. Population density is the average number of individuals in a population for a given area. Density is a measure of how crowded or spread out the individuals in a population are on average. For example, a population of 100 deer that live in an ... |
SciQ | SciQ-1643 | What is the shape of the thyroid gland? | [
"snake - shaped",
"butterfly-shaped",
"square-shaped",
"triangle-shaped"
] | B | Thyroid Gland The thyroid gland is located in the neck, just below the larynx and in front of the trachea, as shown in Figure 37.16. It is a butterfly-shaped gland with two lobes that are connected by the isthmus. It has a dark red color due to its extensive vascular system. When the thyroid swells due to dysfunction, ... |
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