text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
materials, civil-engineering, structural-analysis, stresses, material-science
So for the most part and assuming my conditions noted above apply,
Euler-Bernoulli < Timoshenko < Plate Model | {
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"tags": "materials, civil-engineering, structural-analysis, stresses, material-science",... |
/
/ | {
"domain": "klg-ruegen.de",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.930458255494172,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8872046041554922,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.920791745185852,
"tags": nu... |
quantum-mechanics, condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, graphene
Title: Density of states and elliptic integral It is known, for example Equation (14) in the graphene review of Castro Neto (arXiv), that the full expression for the density of states (DOS) of graphene is in terms of an elliptic integral.
Close to the ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, graphene",
"url": null... |
organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism
Title: Does a bulky nuclephile react faster by Michael or direct addition? Between Michael or direct addition on a $\alpha,\beta$-unsaturated ketone, I think that Michael addition is faster than the direct addition as the nucleophile can attack orthrogonally to the $\ce{C=C}$ whic... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism",
"url": null
} |
gazebo
[ WARN] [1357828891.249831981]: The input topic '/wide_stereo/right/camera_info' is not yet advertised
[ WARN] [1357828891.420719083]: The input topic '/narrow_stereo/left/image_raw' is not yet advertised
[ WARN] [1357828891.420869955]: The input topic '/narrow_stereo/left/camera_info' is not yet advertised
[ W... | {
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"tags": "gazebo",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, symmetry, feynman-diagrams, path-integral, perturbation-theory
We can write this in term of the differential in $J$ as
$$Z(J)=\left[1-\frac{\lambda}{4!}\left(\frac{d}{dJ}\right)^4 +\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\lambda}{4!}\right)^2\left(\frac{d}{dJ}\right)^8+...\right] \int_{-\infty}^\infty dq e^{-\fra... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, symmetry, feynman-diagrams, path-integral, perturbation-theo... |
beginner, bash, csv
breakdown=$(echo "$line" | cut -d':' -f2,6)
master=$(echo "$breakdown" | cut -d'a' -f1)
clone=$(echo "$breakdown" | cut -d':' -f2)
final=$(echo -e "$master,$clone" | tr -d ' ' >> tempsplit.txt)
The problem is that for each line this runs many processes: echo, cut, tr, and multiple $(...) sub-shell... | {
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"tags": "beginner, bash, csv",
"url": null
} |
hilbert-space, group-theory, group-representations, representation-theory
$$v = \left( \begin{array}{c}
w_1\\
\vdots \\
w_n
\end{array} \right).$$
However, it is important to note that the $w_j$ are not numbers; instead, they are vectors in as-yet-unspecified vector spaces $W_j$. Moreover, these could indeed be infin... | {
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"tags": "hilbert-space, group-theory, group-representations, representation-theory",
"url... |
ros-indigo, osx
[ 76%] Building CXX object src/qt_gui_cpp/CMakeFiles/qt_gui_cpp.dir/__/__/include/qt_gui_cpp/moc_plugin_bridge.cxx.o
Linking CXX shared library /Users/jS/ros_catkin_ws/devel/lib/libqt_gui_cpp.dylib
[ 76%] Built target qt_gui_cpp
Scanning dependencies of target libqt_gui_cpp_sip
[ 84%] Running SIP gener... | {
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"tags": "ros-indigo, osx",
"url": null
} |
ros, build-from-source
so I installed them with
sudo apt-get install sbcl-source sbcl-doc
I still get the same error as above, so I installed sbcl from source using the Linux armhf tarball and the instructions from SBCL's site. The installation was successful (I can invoke sbcl from the command line), but the ROS ins... | {
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"tags": "ros, build-from-source",
"url": null
} |
c#, array
But if we e.g do int start = rangeStart[diffIndex] + 1; then the ascii value of that char will be casted to an int which we then can check if 47 < start < 58 and if not we yield break here.
The return statmenet in your method is just unreadable, hence hard to maintain as well. To "replace" a single char in... | {
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"tags": "c#, array",
"url": null
} |
heat-transfer, hvac
Subsequently, if you were using a muscle-powered heater to heat the boiling water, the work you performed and the thermal energy you brought into the room would be the same (ideally). | {
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"tags": "heat-transfer, hvac",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, tic-tac-toe, pygame
So there's no need for the if turn == 0: when setting colours.
The test_for_draw() is useless, you can just keep track of how many turns are happening, because the only possible draw is when the players made 9 moves in total.
The function Quit() has a bad name, because it looks ... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, tic-tac-toe, pygame",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, optics, quantum-information, quantum-optics, non-linear-optics
$$
\gamma = \mathrm{Tr}(\rho^2)
$$
In the Schrödinger picture, it's easy to use this formula to see how the purity of the system changes as the system evolves. In the Heisenberg picture, the density matrix $\rho$ is constant. How does on... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, optics, quantum-information, quantum-optics, non-linear-optics"... |
ros2-control
[ros2_control_node-1] [ERROR] [1711149739.531915015] [controller_manager]: The 'type' param was not defined for 'gpio_controller'.
[spawner-3] [FATAL] [1711149739.532788019] [spawner_gpio_controller]: Failed loading controller gpio_controller | {
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"tags": "ros2-control",
"url": null
} |
python, deep-learning, accuracy
model(data) outputs a tensor of shape B * N * H * W
B = Batch Size
N = Number of segmentated classes
H,W = Height,Width of an image _, predicted = torch.max(output.data, 1)
On the first line above, it uses torch.max() to find all cases in output.data along the dimension - 1(i.e along ... | {
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"tags": "python, deep-learning, accuracy",
"url": null
} |
c++, error-handling, logging
// Convert the input size ( in bytes ) to its nearest units in the ratio of 1024.
// ( Trying to do how Windows reports size of a file on right clicking and checking its properties )
static string RoundSize( const long long& size )
{
double ret = ( double )size;
static const vector... | {
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"tags": "c++, error-handling, logging",
"url": null
} |
boost
Policy = message_filters::sync_policies::ExactTime<geometry_msgs::PoseStamped_<std::allocator<void> >, geometry_msgs::Pose2D_<std::allocator<void> >, message_filters::NullType, message_filters::NullType, message_filters::NullType, message_filters::NullType, message_filters::NullType, message_filters::NullType, m... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "boost",
"url": null
} |
biology, scales
For animals, the upper limit is set by bone strength considerations. As Galileo first pointed out the mass scales as $L^3$ and if bones have radius $r$ then for a given maximal axial compression $\sigma$ the animal will get into trouble when $\sigma \approx \frac{g\rho L^3}{\pi r^2}$. If one uses allom... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "biology, scales",
"url": null
} |
beginner, rust, ascii-art
if !acc.is_empty() {
if (arg.chars().count() + 1) + acc.chars().count() <= max_size {
return acc + " " + arg;
} else {
lines.push(acc.clone());
acc.clear();
}
}
... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "beginner, rust, ascii-art",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, energy, electric-fields, potential-energy, capacitance
Title: How is energy "stored in an electric field"? My physics teacher told me the statement "The energy of a capacitor is stored in its electric field".
Now this confuses me a bit. I understand the energy of a capacitor as a result of the work d... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, energy, electric-fields, potential-energy, capacitance",
"url"... |
c#, winforms
}
I originally had the code in a backgroundWorker, but it ran substantially slower.
This triggers my populateVideosGrid() method. Which will get the movies from a dataGrid on my other tab that is populated with movies.
private void populateVideosGrid()
{
for (int i = 0; i < dgwMyVideos.Ro... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, winforms",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, datetime, json
@lru_cache # avoid reading the file more than once until updated
def created_on(self) -> Union[datetime, None]:
if not os.path.isfile(self.file_name):
return None
with open(self.file_name, "r") as f:
return json.loads(f.read(), cls=_JsonD... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, datetime, json",
"url": null
} |
astrophysics, atmospheric-science, plasma-physics, solar-system, supernova
Let's assume Earth's atmosphere has the following concentrations by volume:
$N_{2} \sim 78.08$%
$O_{2} \sim 20.95$%
$Ar \sim 0.93$%
$C O_{2} \sim 0.039$%
To start, we find the total volume of Earth's atmosphere given by:
$$
V_{atm} = 4 \pi \i... | {
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"tags": "astrophysics, atmospheric-science, plasma-physics, solar-system, supernova",
"ur... |
ruby
Here is a correct and efficient solution with \$O(n)\$ time complexity:
def almost_increasing_sequence?(sequence)
return false if sequence.length < 2
return true if sequence.length == 2 | {
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"tags": "ruby",
"url": null
} |
qiskit, quantum-gate, quantum-state, quantum-algorithms, quantum-circuit
Title: qiskit statevector ordering issue I am currently studying Qiskit.
I don't understand the two pictures below while studying.
When I apply circuit.x(1), the X gate should be applied to the second qubit, resulting in the state |01>. However,... | {
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"tags": "qiskit, quantum-gate, quantum-state, quantum-algorithms, quantum-circuit",... |
beginner, haskell, recursion, interpreter, brainfuck
-- Current Index, Indentation Depth, Program Array -> Bracket Index
prevBracketIndex :: Int -> Int -> Array Int Char -> Int
prevBracketIndex i depth cs
| cs ! i == '[' = if (depth - 1) == 0 then i else prevBracketIndex (i - 1) (depth - 1) cs
| cs ! i == ']' ... | {
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"tags": "beginner, haskell, recursion, interpreter, brainfuck",
"url": null
} |
scikit-learn, decision-trees, ensemble-modeling
The statistical model behind bagging is based on bootstrapping, which is a statistical procedure to evaluate the error of a statistic. Assuming you have a sample and you want to evaluate the error of a statistical estimation, bootstrapping procedure allows you to approxi... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
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"tags": "scikit-learn, decision-trees, ensemble-modeling",
"url": null
} |
java, algorithm, graph, genetic-algorithm, traveling-salesman
public static AllPairsShortestPathData solve(List<Node> graph) {
Map<Node, Map<Node, Double>> data = new HashMap<>(graph.size());
for (Node node : graph) {
Map<Node, Double> row = new HashMap<>();
... | {
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"tags": "java, algorithm, graph, genetic-algorithm, traveling-salesman",
"url": null
} |
c#, object-oriented, design-patterns
/// <summary>
/// Assign images to all leaf nodes
/// </summary>
private void SetImagesToLeafNodes()
{
var currentNode = root;
var nodeQueue = new Queue<BinaryNode>();
var imageIndex = 0;
while (currentNode != null)
{
if (currentNode.leftChild != null)
... | {
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"tags": "c#, object-oriented, design-patterns",
"url": null
} |
robotic-arm, navigation, armhf, map-server, move-base
at /opt/ros/fuerte/include/geometry_msgs/TransformStamped.h:260
#13 deserialize<geometry_msgs::TransformStamped_<std::allocator<void> >, ros::serialization::IStream> (t=..., stream=...)
at /opt/ros/fuerte/include/ros/serialization.h:161
#14 next<geometry_msgs::Tran... | {
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"tags": "robotic-arm, navigation, armhf, map-server, move-base",
"url": null
} |
c, community-challenge, arduino
if (x < 10) {
Serial.print(" "); // position below 10, so 1-9 are only one character, we need to add a space before the number to keep the format of the board
}
Serial.print(boardArray[x]); //if the current possition on the board is not P1, P2, snake or a la... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c, community-challenge, arduino",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, interview-questions
Now the try...except context is only created once, which should be more efficient.
Define your own exception types
class LengthError(Exception):
pass
def find_biggest_loss(prices_list):
if type(prices_list) != list:
raise TypeError("Not a list")
if len(price... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, interview-questions",
"url": null
} |
loops, big-o-notation
Title: Big-O Notation: Runtime Analysis I have a problem with an exercise, I have to analyze the following
For-Loops
Then I have to write down the explicit notation, my problem is that I don't know how to get the right m.
I tried this
but now I have no idea how to get the m, because I thought tha... | {
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"tags": "loops, big-o-notation",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, scattering, integration, dirac-delta-distributions, fermis-golden-rule
$$\delta(f(x))=\sum_i\frac{\delta(x-x_i)}{|f'(x_i)|},$$
where $x_i$ are the zeros of $f(x)$, i.e. $f(x_i)=0$, and $|f'(x_i)|$ means the absolute value of the derivative of $f$ evaluated at $x_i$. In your case, $f(x)$ would be $$f... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, scattering, integration, dirac-delta-distributions, fermis-gold... |
fluid-dynamics, drag, fluid-statics
Title: Does Stoke's drag formula apply even in the absence of flow? I know that Stoke's flow (creeping flow) applies in the presence of low Reynold's number situations, i.e. $Re<<1$, which results in the following formula for the drag coefficient of a spherical object placed in the ... | {
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"tags": "fluid-dynamics, drag, fluid-statics",
"url": null
} |
php, object-oriented, css, file, image
$k = strtolower($k);
if ($k === '#ffffff' || $k === '#000000') {
unset($this->_hex[$i]);
}
$i++;
}
}
private function mostCommon() {
$counted = array_count_values($this->_hex);
arsort($coun... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, object-oriented, css, file, image",
"url": null
} |
fft, digital-communications, ofdm
Title: Using large DFT for OFDM to avoid the guard interval In OFDM, we usually insert the guard interval to avoid the inter-symbol interference at the expense of achieved data rate. that guard interval can be either zeros or CP guard interval, which it must be longer than the channel... | {
"domain": "dsp.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fft, digital-communications, ofdm",
"url": null
} |
The fractional part sawtooth function, denoted by $\{x\}$ for real x, is defined by the formula[11]
$\{x\} = x -\lfloor x\rfloor.$
For all x,
$0\le\{x\}<1.\;$
### Examples
Sample value x Floor $\lfloor x\rfloor$ Ceiling $\lceil x\rceil$ Fractional part $\{ x \}$
12/5 = 2.4 2 3 2/5 = 0.4
2.9 2 3 0.9
−2.7 −3 −2 0.3
... | {
"domain": "wikipedia.org",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9944450741438985,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9321497678756714,
"tags": ... |
discrete-signals, estimation
As such, I am assuming I'm doing the first set of calculations wrong, and I was hoping some of you could help me spot my mistake.
So here goes, for both the calculations
PASSIVE
$$\frac{1}{\sigma^2} = 2T \int_{0}^{B}(2\pi f)^2 \frac{S(f)}{2N(f)}df$$
where my noise is square shaped, and my ... | {
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"tags": "discrete-signals, estimation",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, topological-insulators, majorana-fermions
As far as I understand things, it was only in the IQHE where first the physical quantity was calculated and then later was "recognized" as topological object. I think all other invariants so far have been constructed the other way around. That isn't to say th... | {
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"tags": "condensed-matter, topological-insulators, majorana-fermions",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, black-holes
Whether black holes form depends on how quickly the matter can aggregate compared to the expansion of the universe. If the universe is expanding very rapidly then it will tend to pull matter apart faster than it can aggregate, and we will get only relatively small objec... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, black-holes",
"url": null
} |
rviz, octomap, octomap-server
Originally posted by AHornung with karma: 5904 on 2013-05-14
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 1 | {
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"tags": "rviz, octomap, octomap-server",
"url": null
} |
scala, networking, netty
/**
* Creates a Netty channel pipeline factory given input and output types.
*/
private[this] def pipeline[I: Codec, O: Codec] = new ChannelPipelineFactory {
def getPipeline = {
val pipeline = Channels.pipeline()
pipeline.addLast("encoder", encoder[I])
pipeline.ad... | {
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"tags": "scala, networking, netty",
"url": null
} |
robotic-arm, inverse-kinematics, motion-planning, matlab, simulation
Title: Project ideas for Robot modeling I am a 1st-year grad student majoring in robotics. I have the opportunity to select and execute my own projects for a course called Robot Modeling. For the project, I have decided to model a UR5 and perform tra... | {
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"tags": "robotic-arm, inverse-kinematics, motion-planning, matlab, simulation",
"url": nu... |
machine-learning, deep-learning
Wrapping up you should use soft-max when the classes are mutually exclusive and sigmoid when the classes are independent. This can be summarized in the following table:
Soft-Max | Sigmoid
--------------------------------------------------------... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, deep-learning",
"url": null
} |
performance, scheme, racket
# i: the kid we are currently processing
# assignment: the books assigned so far to the kids 0 to i-1
# score: the score calculated so far for the assignment
def search(i, assignment, score):
global bestassignment, bestscore
if i==len(preferences): # Preferences of all kids p... | {
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"tags": "performance, scheme, racket",
"url": null
} |
c#, strings
Characters that I want:
0123456789
numkMGHzVs%-
How can I tidy this code to be neater and more readable?
By having a const string which contains all of your wanted chars, you could do either a simple call to Contains() or check if IndexOf() will return a value > -1.
using string concatenation in a loo... | {
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"tags": "c#, strings",
"url": null
} |
everyday-chemistry, biochemistry, food-chemistry, phase
Title: Why does heat solidify cake batter? Increased vibration causes the atoms in an object to spread out farther away. Thus, with added heat, and object goes form a solid to a liquid to a gas (and then to plasma, with enough heat). Why is it then, that when a h... | {
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"tags": "everyday-chemistry, biochemistry, food-chemistry, phase",
"url": null
} |
human-biology, neuroscience, physiology
2) If the answer is the electrochemical gradient/potential, because it is trying to move to a "less" positive potential.. if its located extracellularlly isn't that the "great unknown" where any molecules/cells/protein etc. are able to float by and possibly influence it? What ha... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "human-biology, neuroscience, physiology",
"url": null
} |
image-processing, matlab, fft, dft
Title: Discrete Fourier Transform: What is the DC Term really? I am currently toying around with the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in Matlab to extract features from images. I like to fully understand the concepts that I use. I have read several explanations, such as this, but so ... | {
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"tags": "image-processing, matlab, fft, dft",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, work
Title: work and change of kenetic energy An object with mass 10kg lies still on a frictionless table. A force that goes from 50N to 0 in 2 seconds evenly is then applied to the object. What is the objects speed after 2 seconds.
So i first calculated to work that is don... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, work",
"url": null
} |
dark-matter
To answer the second part: it certainly was (perhaps is) a possibility that there are very large numbers of compact, massive dark objects which make up dark matter. These things are known as massive compact halo objects: MACHOs (the alternative theory is weakly interacting massive particles which are, of ... | {
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"tags": "dark-matter",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, complexity-theory, computability, polynomial-time-reductions
Any clues or ideas will be appreciated :)
Thanks First of all, if you can determine whether a graph $G$ contains an independent set of size $k$, then you can also find such a set efficiently. This is known as "search-to-decision reduction". Here ... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, complexity-theory, computability, polynomial-time-reductions",
"url": nul... |
java, optimization, beginner, game
// Sum generation function
public String makeSum(int id) {
// Generate numbers in sum
firstNumber = rGen.nextInt(9);
secondNumber = rGen.nextInt(9);
// Create question
tempQuestion = firstNumber + " - " + secondNumber + " = ";
//... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, optimization, beginner, game",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, pressure, velocity, fluid-statics, gas
Title: Microscopic interpretation of pressure in liquids Pressure can be explained at microscopic level for a gas with kinetic theory of gases. From that the pressure $p$ is linked to the velocity of molecules (and it is caused by the high amount of collisions in ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "thermodynamics, pressure, velocity, fluid-statics, gas",
"url": null
} |
ros, kinect, pointcloud-to-laserscan, rospack
Please help
Originally posted by gaussian on ROS Answers with karma: 88 on 2015-01-29
Post score: 0
As always: what have you tried yourself, and what didn't work?
The error message is particularly clear: catkin (or actually cmake) cannot find the package tf2_sensor_msgs.... | {
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"tags": "ros, kinect, pointcloud-to-laserscan, rospack",
"url": null
} |
bond, molecular-orbital-theory, oxides
x = 0.8\\
x = 1$$
But the answer given for said question is 0. They have taken the bond order of CO and NO$^+$, both as 3. So their solution is:
$$ 3 - 3 = \frac{x}{2}\\
0 = \frac{x}{2}\\
x = 0$$
On a technical level, the bond order of CO should be ~2.6, so my answer should be co... | {
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"tags": "bond, molecular-orbital-theory, oxides",
"url": null
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ros2, roslaunch, yaml, namespace, parameter
import os
from ament_index_python.packages import get_package_share_directory
from launch import LaunchDescription
from launch_ros.actions import Node
def generate_launch_description():
my_first_pkg = get_package_share_directory('myfirstpackage')
return LaunchDescr... | {
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"tags": "ros2, roslaunch, yaml, namespace, parameter",
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beginner, php, object-oriented
$validator->resetOptions();
$validator->validate($_POST['title'], "title", STRING, F_MUSTBESET | F_ESCAPE | F_SANITIZE);
$validator->validate($_POST['subject'], "subject", STRING, F_REQUIRED | F_MUSTBESET | F_ESCAPE | F_SANITIZE);
$errorMessage = "";
foreach ($validator->... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "beginner, php, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
python, windows, powershell
if ($AllowCancel) {
Write-Host "Press any key to continue or X to cancel the installation." -ForegroundColor Yellow
$userInput = Read-Host "Select action"
if ($userInput -ieq "X") {
Write-Host "Installation canceled by the user. You may close the window." -ForegroundCol... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, windows, powershell",
"url": null
} |
quantum-chemistry, computational-chemistry
Now for the derivative of the MO coefficients/density matrix. Clearly they don't appear in the final HF gradient expression. They disappear through the magic of Wigner's $2n + 1$ rule. From page 25:
When the wavefunction is determined up to the $n$th order, the expectation v... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-chemistry, computational-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, search-algorithms, trees, randomized-algorithms, monte-carlo
In its simplest and most memory efficient implementation, MCTS will add one child node per iteration.
Also, even if you create just two or three, would that really be enough to cover all the possible moves, especially if the branching factor is ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, search-algorithms, trees, randomized-algorithms, monte-carlo",
"url": null... |
field-theory, gauge-theory, differentiation, covariance
Title: Prove $D_\mu\phi^\dagger=(D_\mu\phi)^\dagger$ [Question closed, the statement was not true] In gauge transformation, $D_\mu$ was defined to be $\partial_\mu-igA_\mu$.
However, I have hard time to see that $D_\mu\phi^\dagger=(D_\mu\phi)^\dagger$ without amb... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "field-theory, gauge-theory, differentiation, covariance",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, console
Title: Small command-line helper tool I've coded a small command line helper tool for this library I'm working on. The library provides tools for the use of Virtual Texturing on iOS devices (mainly games).
This little command line helper is still pretty much a prototype that I coded as quick as I c... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, console",
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which must be evaluated, from -infinity to infinity (which yield 1/2) or from 0 to infinity, which yields half the answer, hence sqrt(pi)/2. Discussions similaires. Line Equations Functions Arithmetic & Comp. Divide by . Simplify. Related Symbolab blog posts. I have to find wat you would derive to get (2e^x). Our goal ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9542654752731323... |
ionic-compounds, covalent-compounds
Title: Does water ionically bond to chloride ion? This user absolutely insists that when a chloride ion is present in water (for example, when $\ce{NaCl}$ dissolves in water) that $\ce{Cl-}$ ion is ionically bound to the hydrogen atom:
https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/344... | {
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"tags": "ionic-compounds, covalent-compounds",
"url": null
} |
on the point that we are measuring the rotation about. 1 seconds (iii) 0. AP® Calculus AB 2015 Free-Response Questions Number of problems—2 Based on the model B from part (c), find Bob’s average velocity during the interval. (Round your answers to two decimal places. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene,... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9895109081214212,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8267200795997978,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835432479663,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 382.1881268872426,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7783623337745667,
"... |
reference-request, graph-algorithms, time-complexity, counting-complexity, treewidth
(Here is the algorithm: Initialize all edge weights $w_a$ to be $1$. Initialize $S = 0$. Every time you replace 2 parallel edges with weights $w_e$ and $w_f$, with a new edge called $ef$, set $w_{ef} := w_e + w_f$ and $S := S + w_e w_... | {
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"tags": "reference-request, graph-algorithms, time-complexity, counting-complexity, treewid... |
# What does $\sum\limits_{n=1}^{N-1} \frac{1}{n} - \sum_{n=3}^{N+1} \frac{1}{n}$ simplify to?
A solution to one of the exercises in my text states:
$$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{N-1} \frac{1}{n} - \sum_{n=3}^{N+1} \frac{1}{n} = \frac{1}{1} + \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{N} - \frac{1}{N+1}$$
I have no idea how to get the right hand... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9793540722737478,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8419151913268292,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8596637469145053,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 124.59475118406317,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8765785098075867,
"ta... |
ros, velodyne-pointcloud, ros-kinetic, velodyne
Original comments
Comment by pavel92 on 2018-08-10:
I dont think that the calibration file will give us much info in this case. What is the problem with the projection? As far as I can see it looks pretty good. Is it a scaling problem?
Comment by Ajay on 2018-08-10:
Hell... | {
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"tags": "ros, velodyne-pointcloud, ros-kinetic, velodyne",
"url": null
} |
one end is attached to a rigid support and the other end is attached to a movable object. com Editors. You can choose to disable some types of cookies and opt to stop sharing your. (a) What is the speed of the three coupled cars after the collision? (b) How much kinetic energy is lost in the collision?. Play chess on C... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9744347905312774,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8098947037791748,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430499496096,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1713.5631553741566,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3487705886363983,
... |
The answer also gives an iterative solution for any $$M$$, but involves working out a large power of a matrix.
• Not $E(\tau) = \tfrac27 M + \tfrac{10}{21}$ but $E(\tau) = \tfrac27 M + \tfrac{10}{21}+o(1)$. – Did Feb 6 '19 at 22:02
• Oops, thank you! If you check the link, you'll see the $o(1)$ term is there (implicit... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9843363494503271,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8223968189704332,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835411997898,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 186.61662410634125,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9716372489929199,
"ta... |
special-relativity, photons, wavelength, doppler-effect
Taking that $p^\mu$ to have been measured in $S$, the Lorentz transform from $S$ to a frame $S'$ moving at velocity $v$ (in the $+x$ direction) is given by $${\Lambda^\mu}_\nu=\begin{bmatrix}\gamma&-\gamma v\\-\gamma v&\gamma\end{bmatrix}\qquad(\gamma=\frac{1}{\s... | {
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"id": 79838,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "special-relativity, photons, wavelength, doppler-effect",
"url": null
} |
c++, performance, strings, c++11, programming-challenge
Note: When identifiers consist a single word then Java and C++ naming conventions are identical:
You are writing a translator that is intended to translate C++ programs to Java and vice versa. Of course, identifiers in the translated program must be formatted d... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, performance, strings, c++11, programming-challenge",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, differential-geometry, metric-tensor
Title: Circle in curved two dimensional space possibility to calculate with metric How can I calculate the perimeter of a circle in a curved space that is describe by following metric:
$$ds^2 = dr^2 + R^2\sin^2(r/R)d\theta^2$$
where $R$ is the radius of the ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 78354,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, differential-geometry, metric-tensor",
"url": null
} |
manufacturing-engineering, computer-engineering
At certain point, computers were advanced enough to implement CAD software. This allowed moving the design from paper to circuitry, applying common cut&paste to stuff several chips into one, then plot a large, complex mask on paper to be shrunk by photo-techniques and ma... | {
"domain": "engineering.stackexchange",
"id": 2190,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "manufacturing-engineering, computer-engineering",
"url": null
} |
group-theory
Let's start with a little quantum mechanics: Atomic orbitals and molecular orbitals are classified by group theory. Even if you are not a theoretical chemist, you should have learned that orbitals can only overlap if their symmetry and spacial orientation can match (and their energy is similar). Looking a... | {
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"tags": "group-theory",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, differential-geometry, metric-tensor, geodesics
& \nabla_{\frac{dx}{d\tau}}\left(\nabla_{\frac{dx}{d\tau}}\, J \right) + \text{R}\left(\,J,\, \,\frac{dx}{d\tau} \,\right)\, \frac{dx}{d\tau} = 0
\end{align}
Roughly speaking, Jacobi fields give you the first derivative of the distance between two ne... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, differential-geometry, metric-tensor, geodesics",
"url": nul... |
c#, parsing, reinventing-the-wheel, console, lexical-analysis
/// <summary>
/// Reads an argument token
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The lexed comma token</returns>
private CommandLineToken ReadArg()
{
var stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
var allowedChars = "abcdefghijklmonopqrst... | {
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"tags": "c#, parsing, reinventing-the-wheel, console, lexical-analysis",
"url": null
} |
• The second possibility given here is very unclear and should be equipped with explicit parentheses like $(2^2)^n$. – jknappen Feb 2 '17 at 11:19
• Do be careful - sometimes 2^{2^n} can be better than {2^2}^n. – Pro Q Feb 1 at 8:54 | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 1286.9048779934353,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6555988788604736,
"ta... |
cosmology, temperature, entropy, cosmic-microwave-background
$$\rho=\frac{\pi^2}{30}g_* T^4.$$
Decoupled particles must be included in $g_*$ because they still contribute to the energy density.
The same is true of $g_{*s}$, the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom for the entropy density. The idea of $g... | {
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"id": 99699,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "cosmology, temperature, entropy, cosmic-microwave-background",
"url": null
} |
javascript, html, tic-tac-toe, dom
Title: Tic tac toe game in a web browser I have this tic tac toe game which is very old project of mine, though I made some changes on this to improve the script to perform better.
This game is functional, Any logic improvements or other suggestions are greatly appreciated.
// tic t... | {
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"tags": "javascript, html, tic-tac-toe, dom",
"url": null
} |
p-vs-np
M={x:∃w,|w|≤|x|k and (x,w)∈L},
is in N P .
Let G = (V, E) be a graph. G is said to have perfect matching if there is a subset M of the edges of G so that
No two edges in M intersect (have a vertex in common); and
Every vertex of G has an edge in M.
Let MATCH be the set of all graphs that have a perfect matchi... | {
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"id": 12690,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "p-vs-np",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism
Microwaves do heat up meals, however the heating is very often not homogeneous. Everyone has had the case with a boiling-hot layer on the outside and a cold core in the inside of their meal, I guess.
MRI RF fields are designed to give the most homogeneous excitation possible. If the RF field in the pa... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 58993,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism",
"url": null
} |
fluid-dynamics, vortex
Title: Frequency of Vortex Shedding Suppose we have a long cylinder with diameter $D$, then we move it parallel to its axis with a velocity $V$ in a medium such that the Reynolds number of the flow is in the range $250<R_e<2\times10^5$. As a result, vortex shedding will takes place with a freque... | {
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"id": 4032,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fluid-dynamics, vortex",
"url": null
} |
There are $$\binom{15}{3}$$ ways to pick 3 balls. To get exactly 2 white balls (and therefore, 1 black ball), we need to choose 2 white balls from the 7 possible white balls, and 1 black ball from the 8 possible black balls. The same logic can be used to evaluate the other case:
\begin{align} P(X=1) &= \frac{\binom{7}... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9877587272306607,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8375875613379915,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677660619633,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 82.24695159709903,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8815820217132568,
"tag... |
ros, ros2, moveit-commander
This mix is rather powerful, but also quite hard to maintain.
A python-only interface that focuses only on ROS interfaces is moveit_python, but it is also rather limited and does not support ROS2 yet afaik.
As of today there is no official python-only wrapper that replicates the ROS-interfa... | {
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"id": 38933,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros2, moveit-commander",
"url": null
} |
ros
Title: Problem installing tabletop_object_perception package
I have been trying to use the tabletop_object_perception package
http://www.ros.org/wiki/tabletop_object_perception
The binary for ros-electric-tabletop_object_perception downloads only 3 files and so, i attempted installing from the SVN source of it.
T... | {
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"id": 7485,
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"tags": "ros",
"url": null
} |
entanglement, experimental-realization
As a last comment: there might exist other methods than the one I have put here. But they are the two main ways of performing two-qubit gates I am thinking of. The first method has been used in the Sycamore processor from Google. I know that the second method (in particular cross... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 3529,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "entanglement, experimental-realization",
"url": null
} |
enzymes, enzyme-kinetics
Substituting definitions of specific activity and MWprotein:
$\mathrm{k_{cat}= mol_{product} \times g_{protein} / (g_{protien} \times t \times mol_{protein})}$
$\mathrm{k_{cat} = mol_{product} / (mol_{protein} \times t)}$
Cancel out the molar terms:
$\mathrm{k_{cat} = t^{-1}}$
This yields the ... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 9252,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "enzymes, enzyme-kinetics",
"url": null
} |
python, python-2.x
def get_patt(patt, patt_index, new_pat):
print new_pat
for i in range(patt_index, len(patt), 1):
new_pat = new_pat + patt[i]
print new_pat
def main(args):
f_pat = ""
input = args.input
for k in range(0, len(input), 1):
for i in range(0, len(input), 1):
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 27837,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-2.x",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism, nitro-compounds
Title: Major product in nitration
My approach was that when the carbon attached was a secondary one, it would have a greater inductive effect compared to the primary one.
Why is the answer 3? Is it due to steric reasons or am I missing some other factor? Read th... | {
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"id": 10194,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism, nitro-compounds",
"url": null
} |
ros, catkin-make, generate-messages
I'm sorry you're finding this frustrating, I can sympathize. Unfortunately to resolve this, you need to have a target dependency on the message generation. We cannot do this automatically because catkin does not override the add_executable macro in CMake. Though we've tried to menti... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 19409,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, catkin-make, generate-messages",
"url": null
} |
java, matrix, generics, library, linear-algebra
if (leftMatrix.getWidth() != rightMatrix.getHeight()) {
throw new MatricesNotMultipliableException(
"Cannot multiply the matrices. Width of left matrix is "
+ leftMatrix.getWidth()
+... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 44987,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, matrix, generics, library, linear-algebra",
"url": null
} |
ros, slam, navigation, ros-kinetic, rtabmap
Title: RTABMAP Navigation without providing a map
Hello!
I have been searching but haven't found out how the navigation stack works when no static map is given. My questions are:
Can Rtabmap be run without a static map? If yes, how is localization done?
How are you able to... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 36637,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, slam, navigation, ros-kinetic, rtabmap",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, reference-frames, coordinate-systems
All that remains is to prove Equation (1). To do so, it is best to forget about the body frame $K'$, and to think of the $\mathbf{e}'_j$ as simply a set of vectors which move with respect to the $\mathbf{e}_i$, as seen ... | {
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"id": 70819,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, reference-frames, c... |
python
This code clearly reflects the program logic: first, letters are assigned, then, guesses are received, and then, the guesses and letters are checked for correctness.
With regard to the placement of this code block, there's another Python idiom that you'll find in virtually every non-trivial script: at the end o... | {
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"id": 42067,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
javascript, collision
Is this a good/efficient approach? Or is there a set method or better approach for this problem?
Thanks in advance. Performance review
Your code.
You have a few inefficiencies. When implementing the same function many times with many iterations within the function, reducing the number of steps w... | {
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"id": 30741,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, collision",
"url": null
} |
programming-languages, memory-management, garbage-collection
memories, the ennemy is not lack of space but lack of locality. Then,
the structure representing the sets, and their use, must be geared
towards preserving the locality of data structure and of GC execution.
The problem is not space but time. Inadequate impl... | {
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"id": 4489,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "programming-languages, memory-management, garbage-collection",
"url": null
} |
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